Ness

en-proper noun

Ness (countable and uncountable, plural Nesses)

Named after the River Ness, of Celtic/Pictish origin, from a Proto-Celtic word *Nesta describing great currents, according to MacBain, from the same Proto-Indo-European root that gave the river Νέστος (Néstos), possibly *ned- (“water”).

(Irish mythology) An Ulster princess and the mother of Conchobar mac Nessa and Findchoem in the Ulster Cycle of Irish mythology. Daughter of Eochaid Sálbuide. Also the mother of Cormac Cond Longas by incest with Conchobar mac Nessa.


Eochaid Sálbuide

(Irish mythology) The king of Ulster prior to the events of the Ulster Cycle in Irish mythology. Father of Ness. He was deposed as High King by Eochaid Feidlech.


Dian Cecht

(Irish mythology) A god of healing. The healer for the Tuatha Dé Danann and the father of Cian.


Tuatha Dé Danann

From Irish Tuatha Dé Danann (literally “peoples of the goddess Danu”).

bor

(Irish mythology) The fifth group of inhabitants of Ireland according to the Lebor Gabála Érenn tradition, thought to represent the gods of the Goidelic Irish. Their Christian redactors have reduced them to historical kings and heroes.


Deirdre

From Irish Deirdre, from Old Irish Derdriu.

Derdriu (alternative)
Dierdre (alternative)

(Irish mythology) The foremost tragic heroine in the Ulster Cycle of Irish mythology.


Nemean Lion

(Greek mythology) A mythical lion of ancient Nemea that was invulnerable to attack by weapons and was slain by Hercules as one of his labours.


thought experiment

en-noun

thought experiment (plural thought experiments)

(physics, philosophy) An attempt to solve a problem using the power of human imagination.

思想實驗 /思想实验

attempt to solve a problem using human imagination


Deichtine

(Irish mythology) Female name. In the Ulster Cycle of Irish mythology, the mother of Cúchulainn and sister of Conchobar mac Nessa.


Archaean

From Ancient Greek ἀρχαῖα (arkhaîa, “ancient”), neuter plural of ἀρχαῖος (arkhaîos, “ancient”).

der

Archean (alternative)
Archæan (alternative archaic)

(mythology) Of or relating to Arche, the Muse of beginnings in Greek mythology.


Dii Majores

From Latin di maiores (literally “greater gods”).

Dei Majores (alternative)
Di Majores (alternative)
geminatio vocalium (alternative)

(Roman mythology) The twelve great gods of Roman mythology, namely Juno, Vesta, Minerva, Ceres, Diana, Venus, Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Neptune, Vulcan, and Apollo.


Apeliotes

From Ancient Greek Ἀπηλιώτης (Apēliṓtēs).

(Greek mythology), the Greek god of the south east winds. Apeliotes is often depicted wearing gumboots and carrying fruit.


alf

From Danish and Swedish alf, from Old Norse alfr; see also Dutch alf. Doublet of elf, awf, and oaf.

As the Scandinavians were at that time still worshippers of Thor and Odin, the belief in Alfs and Dwarfs accompanied them to their new abodes, and there, as elsewhere, survived the introduction of Christianity.

1828, Thomas Keightley, The Fairy Mythology, volume I, London: William Harrison Ainsworth, page 248:

[T]he charm suggests rather that the Ases had sunk to a level where they could be counted together with witches and lesser wights, than that the alfs were seen as godly beings at the time the charm was composed.

2023, Kveldulf Gundarsson, Elves, Wights & Trolls, The Three Little Sisters, page 83:

(Norse mythology) A supernatural being similar to an elf; one of the Dǫkkálfar or Ljósalfar.


metacognition

en-noun

metacognition (countable and uncountable, plural metacognitions)

(philosophy) the act of thinking about thinking.


sub specie aeterni

(philosophy, literary) From the viewpoint of eternity.


nihilist

“Promortalists recognize and seek to minimize suffering rather than embrace misanthropy and amorality,” Keneally says, noting that the writings attributed to Bartkus indicate he rejected the “sociopath[ic]” tendencies of nihilists” in a May 2025 forum post. […] According to the ISD report, the disorganized and ever-changing nature of nihilist ideologies makes it harder to understand and counter.

2025 May 21, Manisha Krishnan, “IVF Clinic Bombing Suspect Was Linked to ‘Anti-Life’ Ideology. Experts Fear Its Growing Influence”, in WIRED, archived from the original on 2025-05-21:

(philosophy, religion) A person who accepts or champions nihilism.


hodology

(philosophy) The study of interconnected ideas.


Clotho

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From Latin Clōthō, from Ancient Greek Κλωθώ (Klōthṓ), from κλώθω (klṓthō, literally “to spin”).

(Greek mythology) The youngest of the three Fates, a daughter of Zeus and Themis; the spinner of the thread of life. Her Roman equivalent is Nona.


Atropos

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From Ancient Greek Ἄτροπος (Átropos, “inflexible, not turning”), from ᾰ̓- (ă-, “not”) + -τροπος (-tropos, “turned”).

bor

(Greek mythology) One of the three Fates, or Moirae; a daughter of Zeus and Themis; the cutter of the thread of life, depicted as an old woman. Her Roman counterpart is Morta.


Lachesis

And if it were asked how it is known that the pocket in which Erskine kept this key was sewn on to the front of his underhose, the answer to that would be this, that one day when Erskine was doing his number one against a bush, Watt, who as Lachesis would have it was doing his number one too against the same bush, but on the other side, caught a glimpse, through the bush, for it was a deciduous bush, of the key, gleaming among the flap buttons.

1953, Samuel Beckett, Watt, [Paris]: Olympia Press, →OCLC:

(Greek mythology) One of the three Fates (Moirae), daughter of Zeus and Themis; the measurer of each thread of life. Her Roman equivalent is Decima.


Decima

(Roman mythology) One of the three Fates, or Parcae, daughter of Jupiter and Justitia; the measurer of the thread of life. She is the Roman equivalent of Lachesis.


Nona

From the Latin meaning "the ninth", because she was prayed to in the ninth month of pregnancy.

(Roman mythology) The youngest of the three Fates, or Parcae, daughter of Jupiter and Justitia; the spinner of the thread of life. She is the Roman equivalent of Clotho.


Morta

(Roman mythology) One of the three Fates, or Parcae, daughter of Jupiter and Justitia; the cutter of the thread of life. She is the Roman equivalent of Atropos.


Epimetheus

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From Ancient Greek Ἐπιμηθεύς (Epimētheús, “afterthought, hindsight”).

uder

(Greek mythology) Son of Iapetus and Clymene, brother to Atlas, Menoetius and Prometheus, of whom he ignored warnings to beware of any gifts from Zeus. He accepted Pandora as his wife, thereby bringing sorrow to the world; father to Pyrrha.


Erato

(Greek mythology) The goddess of lyric poetry, particularly erotic poetry, eroticism, and mimic imitation, and one of the Muses; the daughters of Zeus & Mnemosyne. Usually depicted with a crown/wreath of myrtle and roses, holding a lyre and a golden arrow and doves. Often accompanies Eros/Cupid.


Erinys

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἐρῑνῡ́ς (Erīnū́s). Possibly "the angry spirits" from ὀρῑ́νω (orī́nō, “to raise, stir, excite [towards anger]”).

(Greek mythology) One of the female personifications of vengeance, particularly wrong or immoral deeds on behalf of the victims.


Euterpe

(Greek mythology) The Muse of music and lyric poetry.


Gaia

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Γαῖᾰ (Gaîă, “Gaea, the Earth personified as a goddess”), from γαῖᾰ (gaîă, “the Earth”), probably related to γῆ (gê, “earth, land; country”).
Sense 1 was coined by the British scientist, environmentalist, and futurist James Lovelock (1919–2022) in his book Gaia: A New Look at Life on Earth (1979), at the suggestion of the British novelist, playwright, and poet William Golding (1911–1993): see the quotation.

bor

While investigating the Greek mythology, we have found reason to suppose that Juno, Ceres, and Gaia are but three different forms of the same original tradition of a divine feminine: of whom Ceres is the Pelasgian copy, Juno the vivid and powerful Hellenic development, and Gaia the original skeleton, retaining nothing of the old character, but having acquired the function of gaol-keeper for perjurors when sent to the other world.

1858, W[illiam] E[wart] Gladstone, “Ilios. The Trojans Compared and Contrasted with the Greeks.”, in Studies on Homer and the Homeric Age. … In Three Volumes, volume III, Oxford: At the University Press, →OCLC, page 153:

(Greek mythology) A Greek goddess, the personification of the earth, and one of the primordial deities from whom all the others descend.


Ganymede

From French Ganymède, from Latin Ganymēdēs, from Ancient Greek Γανυμήδης (Ganumḗdēs, “meant to please”), from γάνυμαι (gánumai, “I rejoice, I am glad”) + μήδεα (mḗdea, “thought, intention”). Doublet of catamite.

(Greek mythology) A Trojan boy who was abducted (either by Zeus or Eos), and ultimately became immortal in order to be Zeus' cupbearer.


memetics

(philosophy) The study of memes and their social and cultural effects.


Orpheus

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From Ancient Greek Ὀρφεύς (Orpheús), built from an uncertain root with the -εύς (-eús) suffix. Perhaps root-cognate to Ancient Greek ὀρφανός (orphanós, “orphan”).

cog

(Greek mythology) A Thracian musician and poet, who failed to retrieve his wife Eurydice from Hades.


Hecate

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Via Latin Hecatē from Ancient Greek Ἑκάτη (Hekátē), possibly the feminine equivalent of Ἑκατός (Hekatós) or ἑκάεργος (hekáergos), an obscure epithet of Apollo, variously interpreted as "one who works/operates from afar", "one who drives off", "the far reaching one" or "the far-darter". Some rather suggest that the name derives from Ancient Greek ἑκών (hekṓn, “will”).

(Greek mythology) A powerful goddess of magic, crossroads, fire, light, the moon, and the underworld. Her Roman counterpart is Trivia.


Helios

From Ancient Greek Ἥλιος (Hḗlios), from ἥλιος (hḗlios, “sun”).

(Greek mythology) The god of the Sun; son of Hyperion and Theia, brother of Selene and Eos, father of Phaeton amongst others. His Roman counterpart is Sol.


Hephaestus

From Ancient Greek Ἥφαιστος (Hḗphaistos), a pre-Greek word of unknown origin.

(Greek mythology) The god of fire, smithwork, metallurgy, volcanoes, and artisans, who served as blacksmith of the gods. His Roman counterpart is Vulcan.


Hercules

head

Hercules (plural Herculeses or Hercules or (obsolete) Herculesses or (obsolete) Hercules's)

Herculeses (plural)
Hercules (plural)
Herculesses (obsolete plural)
Hercules's (obsolete plural)

From Latin Herculēs, from Etruscan 𐌇𐌄𐌓𐌂𐌋𐌄 (hercle), from Ancient Greek Ἡρακλῆς (Hēraklês), apparently cognate of Ἥρα (Hḗra, “Hera”) and, according to Haudry, from Proto-Indo-European *yóh₁r̥ (“year, season”) + κλέος (kléos, “glory”).

der

THere were many Hercules'''’s, but (as Tully ſays, de Nat. Deor. lib. 3.) the famous Actions of them all are aſcrib’d to him who was the Son of Jupiter, by Alcmena, the Wife of Amphitryo King of Thebes.

1698, The Pantheon, Representing the Fabulous Histories of the Heathen Gods and Most Illustrious Heroes, in a Short, Plain and Familiar Method by Way of Dialogue, 2nd edition, London: […] Charles Harper, […], page 332:

THere were many Hercules'''’s amongſt the Antients; Varro enumerates Forty four. The moſt famous were, Hercules Marguſanus, Hercules Ogmius, who was the Symbol of Eloquence amongſt the Gauls; Hercules Pollens, Hercules Thebanus, firſt called Alcides, Hercules' Tyrius, or Egyptian; and there were two of them; the Elder called Melicarthus, or Eſau, the Founder of the City of Tyre; and the Younger, who Subdu’d Geryon, and was Worſhipped in Sidon in Spain.

1705, The Antient Religion of the Gentiles, and Causes of Their Errors Consider’d: […], London: […] John Nutt, […], page 166:

Mr. Sympſon would read Theban, the Story of Omphale being, as he thinks, only applicable to him: But as there were many Hercules'''’s, and among the reſt a Libyan, the Son of Jupiter Ammon; if it is inaccurate, it ſeems the Inaccuracy of a Scholar, and not an Error of the Preſs.

1750, The Works of Mr. Francis Beaumont, and Mr. John Fletcher, volume the third, London: […] J. and R. Tonson and S. Draper […], page 70:

Supporters.] Two Herculeſſes, with clubs over their ſhoulders, proper, crined and habited about the middle, or.

1769, The New Peerage; or Present State of the Nobility of England: […], volume III, London: […] R. Davis, […]; L. Davis, […]; and W. Owen, […], page 227:

There were so many Hercules in the Grecian mythology and history, that it was necessary to specify when the principal Hercules, the son of Jupiter and Alcmena, was meant.

1795, Paradise Regained, a Poem, in Four Books, by John Milton. A New Edition, with Notes of Various Authors, by Charles Dunster, M.A., London: […] T[homas] Cadell, Jun. and W[illiam] Davies, […], page 258:

Thus he enumerates many Hercules’s, and many Mercury’s; but one part of the history of each is so much the same, that I know not how he could avoid perceiving that they were only two names of one person.

1838, L[eveson] Vernon Harcourt, The Doctrine of the Deluge; Vindicating the Scriptural Account from the Doubts Which Have Recently Been Cast upon It by Geological Speculations, volume I, London: […] Longman, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longmans, […], page 453:

[…]—Hercules—Was Nimrod, the grand-son of Noah, and the origin of all the fabled Herculesses of all the early nations—[…]

1843, [Josiah Priest], Slavery, as It Relates to the Negro, or African Race, Examined in the Light of Circumstances, History and the Holy Scriptures; […], Albany, N.Y.: C. Van Benthuysen and Co., page VII:

Our great cities have become so many Augean stables, for the removal of whose filth as many Hercules are required.

1848, Richard B[oxall] Grantham, A Treatise on Public Slaughter-Houses, Considered in Connection with the Sanitary Question. […], London: […] J[ohn] Weale, […]; and […] Henry Renshaw, […], page 25:

“[…] Diogenes turned Hercules into ridicule; and the Roman Cynic Varro introduces three hundred Joves without heads.” From the stage abuser the sarcastic African father selects, partly from his own former observation, those of Diana being flogged, the reading of Jupiter’s will after his decease, and the three half-starved Herculesses!

1884, Philip Schaff, History of the Christian Church, Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, […], page 112:

[…] and now was Hercules famous at Tyre: not he that we spoke of before: (for the more secret histories say there were many Hercules, and many father Libers) and this Hercules they make famous for twelve sundry rare exploits […]

The two Hercules are positioned on the same convex, bulging frame of the lower stern gallery as David, but furthest to the port (No. 397) and to the starboard (No. 1279) respectively of the centre line.

1986, Hans Soop, The Power and the Glory: The Sculptures of the Warship Wasa, Almqvist & Wiksell, →ISBN, page 43:

By this time, however, Maciste had lost his individuality and had become indistinguishable from the many Herculeses, Atlases, and other assorted neomythological strongmen, all played by a host of American bodybuilders.

2008, Gino Moliterno, Historical Dictionary of Italian Cinema (Historical Dictionaries of Literature and the Arts; 28), The Scarecrow Press, Inc., →ISBN, page 188:

(Roman mythology) The Roman name for the Greek divine hero Heracles, who was the son of Jupiter and Alcmene, a celebrated hero who possessed exceptional strength. Most famous for his 12 labours performed to redeem himself after killing his family.

هِرَقْل

The Roman name of Heracles — see also Heracles


Heracles

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From Ancient Greek Ἡρακλῆς (Hēraklês), from Ἥρα (Hḗra, “Hera”) + κλέος (kléos, “glory”).

com

Herakles (alternative)
Hêraklês (alternative dated)

(Greek mythology): Son of Zeus and Alcmene, a celebrated hero who possessed exceptional strength. Most famous for his 12 labours performed to redeem himself after killing his family.


Hermes

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From the Ancient Greek Ἑρμῆς (Hermês), itself of disputed meaning and origin, possibly of non-Indo-European substrate origin or from Proto-Indo-European *ser- (“to bind, put together”).

der

(Greek mythology) The herald and messenger of the gods, and the god of roads, commerce, invention, cunning, and theft.


Hestia

From Ancient Greek Ἑστία (Hestía), from ἑστία (hestía, “hearth”).

(Greek mythology) The virgin goddess of the hearth, and the household, and therefore of domestic life.


Vesta

From Middle English Vesta, from Latin Vesta, related to Ancient Greek ἑστία (hestía, “to dwell”) and Ἑστία (Hestía, “Hestia”), all from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wes-; see also Old High German and Old English wesan (“to be”), Gothic wisan, Sanskrit वसति (vasati, “abide dwell”).
Vesta itself came to mean chaste, pure, or virgin, based from this goddess.

cog

(Roman mythology) The virgin goddess of the hearth, fire, and the household, and therefore a deity of domestic life. The Roman counterpart of Hestia.


Melpomene

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Μελπομένη (Melpoménē), from μέλπω (mélpō, “to sing”).


Menoetius

From Ancient Greek Μενοίτιος (Menoítios). The name "Menoetius" literally means "defying fate" or "ruined strength".

(Greek mythology) A Titan, son of Iapetus and Clymene, he had three brothers: Atlas, Prometheus and Epimetheus. He joined Cronus and the Titans in their unsuccessful war against the Olympian gods. Zeus killed him with a thunderbolt and sent him down to Tartarus.

(Greek mythology) One of Hades' shepherds on Erythea. He told Geryon when Heracles stole Geryon's herd.

(Greek mythology) Father of Patroclus and son of Actor. (Iliad, XI, 765)


Moirae

From Ancient Greek Μοῖραι (Moîrai, “Moirae”), from μοῖρᾰ (moîră, “lot, destiny”).

(Greek mythology) The Fates, Clotho, Lachesis, and Atropos, the goddesses, who controlled every person's destiny by weaving the thread of life.


Moira

(Greek mythology) The personification of fate, especially as Clotho, Lachesis and Atropos.


Nyx

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(Greek mythology) The primordial goddess of night.


Oceanus

From Ancient Greek Ὠκεανός (Ōkeanós). Doublet of ocean.

(Greek mythology) Personification of vast waters or the world ocean. He was the first-born of the Titans, son of Uranus and Gaia, the god Ωκεανός Ποταμός (Ōkeanós Potamós, “River Ocean”) that encircled the earth. With his sister-wife, Tethys, he fathered all rivers and the Oceanids.


Polyhymnia

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Πολυύμνια (Poluúmnia), Πολύμνια (Polúmnia)

lbor

(Greek mythology) The Muse of sacred music.


Tethys

(Greek mythology) Personification of fertile waters, she was a Titan daughter of Uranus and Gaia, and with her brother Oceanus gave birth to all rivers and the Oceanids.


Odysseus

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From Ancient Greek Ὀδυσσεύς (Odusseús). Doublet of Ulysses.

(Greek mythology) The son of Laertes and Anticlea and father of Telemachus. A Greek leader during the Trojan War, he was responsible for the Trojan horse. He was also king of Ithaca, hero of the Iliad and protagonist of the Odyssey.

Odusseus

son of Laertes; Greek leader during the Trojan War


Urania

(Greek mythology) The Muse of astronomy.

(Greek mythology) One of the epithets of Aphrodite.


Diana

→ Hawaiian: Kiana
→ English: Kiana

→ Serbo-Croatian: Дајана, Dajana

→ Spanish: Dayana

Borrowed from Late Latin Diāna, short form of Latin Dīāna, derived by syncope from Old Latin Dīvāna, equivalent to dīvus + -āna; roughly akin to Proto-Italic *deiwā (“goddess”) + Proto-Indo-European *-néh₂.
Originally an Old Italic divinity of light and the moon; later identified as the Roman counterpart to Greek goddess Artemis. Cognate of Attic Greek Διώνη (Diṓnē), similarly syncopated from older Ancient Greek Διϝωνη (Diwōnē), whence via Latin Diōne is derived English Dione used in various ways across astronomy, chemistry, biology, and as a given name. From the same root Proto-Indo-European *dyúh₃onh₂- also potentially cognate to English June via Latin Jūnō.

So that not only this our craft is in danger to be set at nought; but also that the temple of the great goddess Diana should be despised, and her magnificence should be destroyed, whom all Asia and all the world worshippeth.

(Roman mythology) The daughter of Latona and Jupiter, and twin sister of Apollo; the goddess of the hunt, associated wild animals and the forest or wilderness, and an emblem of chastity; the Roman counterpart of Artemis.


Minerva

مِينِيرْفَا

In many works of this ſpecies, the hero is allowed to be mortal, and to become wiſe and virtuous as well as happy, by a train of events and circumſtances. The heroines, on the contrary, are to be born immaculate; and to act like goddeſſes of wiſdom, juſt come forth highly finiſhed Minervas from the head of Jove.

1798, Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin, “Author’s Preface”, in W[illiam] Godwin, editor, Posthumous Works of the Author of A Vindication of the Rights of Woman. […], volume I, London: […] J[oseph] Johnson, […]; and G[eorge,] G[eorge] and J[ohn] Robinson, […], →OCLC:

(Roman mythology) The goddess of wisdom, especially strategic warfare, and the arts, especially crafts and in particular weaving. She is the Roman counterpart of Athena.


stronger

From Middle English strongere, strengere (“stronger”), from Old English strongra, strengra (“stronger”), from Proto-Germanic *strangizô (“*stronger”), comparative of Proto-Germanic *strangaz (“strong”), equivalent to strong + -er. More at strong.

(logic) Said of one proposition with respect to another one: that the former entails the latter, but the latter does not entail the former.


Andromeda

/ænˈdɹɒmɪdə/

/ænˈdɹɑmɪdə/

Borrowed from Latin Andromeda, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἀνδρομέδα (Androméda), Ἀνδρομέδη (Andromédē).

(Greek mythology) The daughter of Cepheus and Cassiopeia, king and queen of Eritrea, rescued from her sacrifice to the sea monster Cetus by Perseus, who married her; mother of Perses, ancient king of Persia.


deduction

en-noun

deduction (countable and uncountable, plural deductions)

From Middle French déduction, from Latin deductio.
Equivalent to deduct + -ion or deduce + -tion.

He arrived at the deduction that the butler didn't do it.

An unkinder deduction, considering only the Select Committee's report and discounting rumours of wayward conclusions by the Stedeford Group, would be that if one inquisition doesn't produce the desired answers, the Minister's policy is "try, try again"—or should one say "fight, fight, fight again".

1961 January, “Talking of Trains: Marples out of step”, in Trains Illustrated, page 1:

(logic) A process of reasoning that moves from the general to the specific, in which a conclusion follows necessarily from the premises presented, so that the conclusion cannot be false if the premises are true.

A conclusion; that which is deduced, concluded or figured out

Through his powers of deduction, he realized that the plan would never work.

The ability or skill to deduce or figure out; the power of reason


Trojan War

For the greater part of three thousand years since the date of the Trojan War, the imagination of poets and dramatists has been busy with its story.

1952, Olivia E. Coolidge, The Trojan War, Houghton Mifflin, published 1980, page ix:

The poems of the Epic Cycle are now lost. But what we know about them from ancient evidence is extremely important for our understanding about myth of the Trojan War. The poems of the Epic Cycle share the same mythological tradition with the famous Homeric poems, the Iliad and the Odyssey, and in fact the Epic Cycle is even more representative of the Trojan War tradition than the Homeric poems.

2001, Jonathan S. Burgess, “The Tradition of the Trojan War in Homer and the Epic Cycle”, in Paperback, Johns Hopkins University Press, published 2004, page 1:

The Greeks and Romans believed that the Trojan War was both a real event and a pivotal point in world history; Herodotus and Thucydides discussed the Trojan War briefly in the opening pages of their respective books, written in the fifth century BCE.

2013, Eric H. Cline, The Trojan War: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford University Press, page 1:

(Greek mythology) A mythological war and siege as described in Homer's Iliad.


pioneer

/ˌpaɪ.əˈnɪɹ/

From Middle French pionnier (“originally, a foot soldier”), Old French peonier, from peon (“a foot soldier”) (modern French: pion). See pawn (in chess).

uder

(communism) A member of a children’s organization operated by the Communist Party, typically in the second of three stages toward becoming a member of the Party itself.

pionier

member of a child organization in the Soviet bloc


EA

en-noun

EA (countable and uncountable, plural EAs)

[…] Christine Emba’s Sept. 6 op-ed, “The trouble with ‘longtermism,’ ” countered this philosophy’s occasional fanaticism with glib reductiveness. Moreover, she tarred with the same brush the spirit of the entire effective altruism (EA) movement — the giveaway at the start is that EA is derided for being “obsessed with ‘doing good better.’ ”

2022 September 9, Theodore Leinwand, “Neartermism and longtermism aren’t at odds”, in The Washington Post, archived from the original on 2025-05-29:

This is the language of effective altruism — or E.A. — a philanthropic movement premised on the use of reason and data to do good. Bankman-Fried had long flaunted his E.A. bona fides to distinguish himself from other crypto billionaires.

2022 December 9, Jennifer Szalai, “Effective Altruism Warned of Risks. Did It Also Incentivize Them?”, in The New York Times, archived from the original on 2022-12-09:

effective altruism
effective altruism#English

(philosophy) Initialism of effective altruism.

effective altruist
effective altruist#English

(philosophy) Initialism of effective altruist.


presence

en-verb

presence (third-person singular simple present presences, present participle presencing, simple past and past participle presenced)

presences (present singular third-person)
presencing (participle present)
presenced (participle past)
presenced (past)
præsence (alternative)

Through Old French presence, from Latin praesentia (“a being present”), from praesentem. Displaced native Old English andweardnes.

Presence means: the constant abiding that approaches man, reaches him, is extended to him. But what is this source of this extending reach to which the present belongs as presencing, insofar as there is presence? True, man always remains approached by the presencing of something actually present without explicitly heeding presencing itself.

1972, Joan Stambaugh, Time and being (lecture), translation of original by Martin Heidegger, page 13:

Within a completely neutral horizon, the primordial continuous stream of experience is presenced without interruption. As this time, the past and future have no meaning apart from the now in which they are presenced.

1985, David Edward Shaner, The Bodymind Experience in Japanese Buddhism: A Phenomenological Study of Kūkai and Dōgen, page 59:

Just as the bread and butter can be presenced as more than just the bread and the butter, so baking a loaf of bread can be more than just the baking, the baker, and the bread.

1998, H. Peter Steeves, Founding Community: A Phenomenological-Ethical Inquiry, page 59:

2005, James Phillips, Heidegger's Volk: Between National Socialism and Poetry, Stanford University Press, →ISBN (paperback), page 118,
From the overtaxing of the regime's paranoiac classifications and monitoring of the social field, Heidegger was to await in vain the presencing of that which is present, the revelation of the Being of beings in its precedence to governmental control.

Benner (1984) captures the essence of this when she describes presencing as the art of 'being with' a person without the need to be 'doing to' the person.

2011, Brendan McCormack, Tanya McCance, Person-centred Nursing: Theory and Practice:

(philosophy, ambitransitive) To make or become present.


cherry-pick

cherry-pick (third-person singular simple present cherry-picks, present participle cherry-picking, simple past and past participle cherry-picked)

cherry-picks (present singular third-person)
cherry-picking (participle present)
cherry-picked (participle past)
cherry-picked (past)
cherry pick (alternative)
cherrypick (alternative)

A metaphor, from the idea of picking through a bowl of cherries and seeking the best for oneself, or the idea of picking off the cherries for oneself from a cake or dessert.

From all the available statistics, the politician cherry-picked only those that backed up his ideas.

The reason for this concentration is to attempt to alleviate the problems of fragmentation which usually accompany the study of retailing, particularly at the end of the early period, and has so often happened in the past, to curtail the temptation to 'cherry-pick' the best evidence from a wide, but not necessarily related, area.

1999, Nicholas Alexander, Gary Akehurst, The Emergence of Modern Retailing, 1750-1950, page 38:

2001, Ian St. John in sci.environment
You are *asking* for a specific *subset* of the data to *prove* a specific theory. That is 'cherry picking'. It is no more valid to 'cherry pick' data to disprove global warming than it is to 'cherry pick' data to prove it. That is *science*. You *must* deal with the entire data set. What part of this is not clear?

Yes, I do think in principle it is a good idea to have clearing houses where data is assessed and has as objective an account as possible given of the data because of the tendency of all organisations to cherry-pick those studies which may support a pre-existing position.

2006, Scientific developments relating to the Abortion Act 1967: twelfth report of session 2006-07, Vol. 2: Oral and written evidence, page 32:

So it's possible to 'cherry pick' only the evidence that supports a position and ignore the rest. To the reader who does not know about the rest of the evidence, it may seem like a strong case. The whole body of evidence must be considered.

2008, Warren Davies, How to Study Psychology, page 80:

(rhetoric, logic, by extension) To select only evidence which supports an argument, and reject or ignore contradictory evidence.

de krenten uit de pap halen

to select only the best from a range of options


salamander

/ˈsæləˌmɑːndə/

From Middle English salamandre, from Anglo-Norman salamandre, from Latin salamandra, from Ancient Greek σαλαμάνδρα (salamándra), of uncertain origin (per Beekes, likely Pre-Greek); possibly of Iranian origin, see Persian سمندر (samandar) for more information.

“Not a chance, Ranger,” Bob Mason was speaking. “This little cuss is a salamander. He's been travelling through fire all day and there isn't a blister on him. …”

1920, Peter B. Kyne, chapter XI, in The Understanding Heart:

"There is a vulgar error," says the author of the Brief Natural History, p. 91, "that a salamander lives in the fire. Yet both Galen and Dioscorides refute this opinion; and Mathiolus, in his Commentaries upon Dioscorides, a very famous physician, affirms of them, that by casting of many a salamander into the fire for tryal he found it false. The same experiment is likewise avouched by Joubertus."

1849, John Brand, Observations on the Popular Antiquities of Great Britain: Chiefly Illustrating the Origin of Our Vulgar and Provincial Customs, Ceremonies, and Superstitions, volume 3, page 372:

(mythology) A creature much like a lizard that is resistant to and lives in fire (in which it is often depicted in heraldry), hence the elemental being of fire.


conclude

conclude (third-person singular simple present concludes, present participle concluding, simple past and past participle concluded)

concludes (present singular third-person)
concluding (participle present)
concluded (participle past)
concluded (past)

From Middle English concluden, borrowed from Latin conclūdere (“to shut up, close, end”).

der

(logic) to deduce, to infer (develop a causal relation)


celestial body

en-noun

celestial body (plural celestial bodies)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-celestial body.wav

(astronomy, astrology) A natural object which is located outside of Earth's atmosphere, such as a comet, an asteroid, the Moon, a planet, the Sun, or a star.

cos celeste

natural object beyond Earth's atmosphere


saturnine

en-adj

saturnine (comparative more saturnine, superlative most saturnine)

more saturnine (comparative)
most saturnine (superlative)
♄ine (alternative)

From Middle English saturnine, satournine, satournyne, saturnin, saturnyn, saturnyne (“pertaining to or under the influence of the planet Saturn; line on the palm of the hand associated with Saturn”), from Old French saturnine, saturnin (modern French saturnin (“of, pertaining to, resembling or containing lead, plumbic”)), or directly from its etymon Medieval Latin Sāturnīnus, from Sāturnus (“the Roman god Saturn; the planet Saturn”) + -īnus (suffix meaning ‘of or pertaining to’); analysable as Saturn + -ine. The English word is cognate with Italian saturnino (“saturnine”), Portuguese saturnino (“melancholy, saturnine; pertaining to the planet Saturn”), Spanish saturnino (“melancholy, saturnine; pertaining to the planet Saturn”).
Sense 1 (“having a tendency to be cold, bitter, gloomy, etc.”) refers to the fact that individuals born under the astrological influence of the planet Saturn were believed to have that disposition.

cog

Chiromancy hath theſe Aphoriſmes to foretell melancholy. [...] Tricaſſus, Corvinus, and others, in his book, thus hath it: The Saturnine line going from the Raſcetta through the hand, to Saturnes mount, and there interſected by certain little lines, argues melancholy: [...]

1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], “Starres a Cause. Signes from Physiognomy, Metoposcopy, Chiromancy.”, in The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition 1, section 2, member 1, subsection 4, page 51:

The Bright Stars in the Dragon, are Saturnine and Martial. They of Cephas, Saturnine and Jovial. They of [the] Boots Mercurial and Saturnine.

1701, Ptolemy, Leo Allacius [i.e., Leo Allatius], “Of the Stars Northward of the Zodiack”, in John Whalley, transl., Ptolemy’s Quadripartite; or, Four Books Concerning the Influences of the Stars. Faithfully Render’d into English […], London: Printed for John Sprint, […], →OCLC, book I, pages 20–21:

(not comparable, astrology, obsolete) Pertaining to the astrological influence of the planet Saturn; having the characteristics of a person under such influence (see sense 1).


Quirinus

(Roman mythology) An early Roman deity of possibly Sabine origin.


indirect

en-adj

indirect (comparative more indirect, superlative most indirect)

more indirect (comparative)
most indirect (superlative)

/ˌɪndɪˈɹɛkt/

/ˌɪndəˈɹɛkt/

From Middle French indirect, from Late Latin indirectus.

law of the excluded middle
law of the excluded middle

(mathematics, logic, of a proof) Employing argument by contradiction; making use the law of the excluded middle; arguing via the contrapositive.


falsifiable

falsifiable (comparative more falsifiable, superlative most falsifiable)

more falsifiable (comparative)
most falsifiable (superlative)

The statement It rains every day, everywhere is falsifiable, because it is contradicted by the basic statement On the third of August, in New York city it was not raining and it is not contradicted by the basic statement On the second of August, in New York city it was raining, while the statement It will rain someday is not falsifiable.

singular existential statement
singular existential statement#English

(epistemology) The demarcation criterion between scientific and non-scientific statements proposed by Karl Popper. In order to be ranked as scientific, statements or systems of statements must be contradicted by an intersubjective singular existential statement, also called a basic statement, and not be contradicted by another, that is, they must also be logically possible.


ethical

ethical (comparative more ethical, superlative most ethical)

more ethical (comparative)
most ethical (superlative)

From ethic + -al, from Late Latin ethicus (“moral, ethical”), from Ancient Greek ἠθικός (ēthikós, “of or for morals, moral, expressing character”), from ἦθος (êthos, “character, moral nature”).

moral

often differentiated on the basis of a distinction between societally conventional and innately righteous

The philosopher Kant is particularly known for his ethical writings.

(philosophy, not comparable) Of or relating to the study of ethics.


Caca

(Roman mythology) goddess of the hearth.


witching hour

/ˈwɪt͡ʃɪŋ ˌaʊə/

/ˈwɪt͡ʃɪŋ ˌaʊ(ə)ɹ/

From witching (“of or pertaining to witchcraft or sorcery, or to witches or sorcerers”, adjective) + hour. Sense 1 (“midnight”) was popularized by the reference to the “witching time of night” in the play Hamlet (written c. 1599–1602; published 1603) by the English playwright William Shakespeare (1564–1616): see the quotation.

compound

"Do you know what three a.m. is?" […] "It's called the witching hour. It's the reverse of the holy hour—three p.m.—when Jesus died on the cross.[…]"

2008 July 22, Claudia Mair Burney, chapter 4, in The Exorsistah, New York, N.Y.: Pocket Books, →ISBN, page 42:

The witching hour is three a.m., in mockery of the Trinity and a perversion of the hour of his death.

2009 September 22, Rick Yancey, “The Devil’s Manger”, in The Monstrumologist, New York, N.Y.: Simon & Schuster BFYR, →ISBN, page 349:

By the way, the hour between 3:00 a.m. and 4:00 a.m. is also known as the witching hour because it's thought that paranormal forces are at their strongest during that time.

2020 April 27, Pamela Humphrey, “Momma at Costco (Wind Chime Breaks)”, in My Sister’s Walk with God: The True Stories of a Prophetic Intercessor, Murrells Inlet, S.C.: Covenant Books, →ISBN:

(occult, less common) The hour between 3:00 and 3:59 a.m., associated with demons.


weather balloon

en-noun

weather balloon (plural weather balloons)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-weather balloon.wav

(ufology, sarcastic) a skeptical explanation to debunk a UFO sighting that a believer regards as silly, illogical or disingenuous


faun

fauns (plural)
faune (alternative archaic rare)
faunus (alternative dated)
fawn (alternative)

From Middle English fawn, from Latin faunus.

(Roman mythology) A woodland creature with pointed ears, legs, and short horns of a goat and a fondness for unrestrained revelry.


Occam's razor

Named after English Franciscan theologist William of Occam, an advocate of the law of parsimony, and the idea of a razor as a tool that trims or shaves.

named-after

Bugger, bugger, bugger dumb the last of academe / Occam's razor makes the cutting clean / Shaven like a banker, Lilac Vegeta

2005, “Burning Beard”, performed by Clutch:

(epistemology) The principle of preferring the simplest of competing theories.

when you hear hoofbeats, think of horses, not zebras


sorcerer

sorcerers (plural)
sorceror (alternative)

/ˈsɔːsəɹə(ɹ)/

From Middle English sorcerere, from Old French sorcier, from Early Medieval Latin sortiārius, derived from Latin sortem (“fate, fortune”), from Proto-Indo-European *ser- (“to bind”).

Pope Joan, who once occupied the throne of the Vatican, was reputed to be the blackest sorcerer of them all.

1936, Rollo Ahmed, The Black Art, London: Long, page 105:

"Well, sorcerer?" growled the Norman. "Nay, not well," replied Catweazle shivering miserably, "I have the bone-ache."

1971, Richard Carpenter, Catweazle and the Magic Zodiac, Harmondsworth: Puffin Books, page 7:

(mythology, folklore, fantasy) A magician or wizard. Sometimes specifically male.

yshtës

magician/wizard drawing upon natural powers


relativistic

en-adj

relativistic (comparative more relativistic, superlative most relativistic)

more relativistic (comparative)
most relativistic (superlative)

From relativist + -ic or relative + -istic.

(philosophy) Of or relating to relativism.


equivalence

en-noun

equivalence (countable and uncountable, plural equivalences)

equivalences (plural)
æquivalence (alternative obsolete)

From French équivalence, from Medieval Latin aequivalentia.

(uncountable, logic) The relationship between two propositions that are either both true or both false.


truth table

Each row of a truth table corresponds to a distinct interpretation. The columns on the left side assign truth values to the letters (of the truth table's given formula), and the column on the right side shows the truth value for the entire formula, which computably depends on the truth values of its letters.

(logic) A table showing all possible truth values for an expression, derived from the truth values of its components.


constructivism

constructivism (countable and uncountable, plural constructivisms)

There is no single theory of constructivism. In fact, there are many shades and varieties of constructivism spanning a range of perspectives. There is also no single individual who can be identified as the founder of constructivism. In fact, rather than tracing a linear development along one line of philosophical thought, constructivism seems to circumscribe a set of thinkers, theories and approaches that spring from a plethora of historical and cultural origins.

2000, Donald Kiraly, A Social Constructivist Approach to Translator Education, St. Jerome Publishing, p. 18

According to constructivism, all systems are artificial abstractions. They are not made by nature and presented to use to be discovered, but we construct them by our perceptual and mental capabilities with the domain of our experiences.

2001, George J. Klir, Facets of Systems Science:

(philosophy, psychology) A psychological epistemology which argues that humans generate knowledge and meaning from their experiences.


falsificationism

(epistemology) A scientific philosophy based on the requirement that hypotheses must be falsifiable in order to be scientific; if a claim is not able to be refuted it is not a scientific claim.


protasis

From Late Latin protasis, from Ancient Greek πρότασις (prótasis), from προτείνω (proteínō, “put forward, tender, propose”), from πρό (pró) + τείνω (teínō, “stretch”).

In "I will be coming if this weather holds up", "if this weather holds up" is the protasis, and "I will be coming" is the apodosis.

2005 B. P. Bairan: An Introduction to Syllogistic Logic
Every conditional statement is made up of two component statements. The component statement that follows the "if" is called antecedent (or the "implicans" or — rarely — the "protasis"), and the component statement that follows the "then" is the "consequent"(or the "implicate" or — rarely — the "apodosis").

(logic, grammar) A clause that expresses a contingent element in a conditional sentence.


Ajax

From Latin Aiāx, from Ancient Greek Αἴᾱς (Aíās).

In the legend of the Trojan War, Ajax was king of Salamis and son of Telamon. After Achilles, he was the bravest Greek warrior at Troy. In Homer's epic poem the Iliad, Ajax engages in many combats for...

1995, David Sacks, Oswyn Murray, A Dictionary of the Ancient Greek World, Oxford University Press, USA, →ISBN, page 11:

(Greek mythology) Either of two heroes of the Trojan War.


feng shui

Feng Shui (alternative)
fengshui (alternative)
feng-shui (alternative)

Borrowed from Mandarin 風水 /风水 (fēngshuǐ, “feng shui (Chinese system of geomancy)”, literally “wind and water”): 風 /风 (fēng, “wind”) + 水 (shuǐ, “water”). Doublet of fung shui.

bor

On my telling two missionaries here lately that this Government would not allow a road to be made to their coal mines because it would obstruct the Feng-shui, they only laughed at it. [...] The upper classes may have Feng-shui, and use it when it suits them, as the Government do; but they also, when it suits their purpose, have no difficulty in overcoming the Feng Shui.

1869 March 15, “Summary of news from the Far East. China. Tientsin.”, in The London and China Telegraph, Japan Herald, and Journal of the Eastern Archipelago, French mail edition, volume XI, number 315, London: Printed for the proprietors by Richard Kindee, […], and published by James West […], published 7 June 1869, →OCLC, page 258, column 2:

When the Hongkong Government cut a road, now known as the Gap, to the Happy Valley, the Chinese community was thrown into a state of abject terror and fright, on account of the disturbance which this amputation of the dragon's limbs would cause to the Feng-shui of Hongkong; and when many of the engineers, employed at the cutting, died of the Hongkong fever, and the foreign houses already built in the Happy Valley had to be deserted on account of malaria, the Chinese triumphantly declared, it was an act of retributory justice on the part of Feng-shui.

1873, Ernest J. Eitel [i.e., Ernst Johann Eitel], “Introductory”, in Feng-shui: Or, The Rudiments of Natural Science in China, London: Trübner & Co., →OCLC, page 2:

Feng-Shui views heaven and earth, the whole universe, as one great fetich, animated by a blind unintelligent but omnipotent vitality, a vitality in which man shares, and of which, by the exercise of his intelligent faculties, he may procure a larger and better share than would otherwise fall to his lot. As a practical art, Feng-Shui is the terrestrial sister of Astrology, a mode of deciphering the destinies of an individual as included in the vast complications of the universal whole, but in this respect the earthly sister excels her star-gazing prototype, that by means of Feng-Shui a man learns not only what his fate is, but how it may be modified to his own advantage.

1874 March, F. S. T., “Feng-Shui”, in The Cornhill Magazine, volume XXIX, number 171, London: Smith, Elder & Co., […], →OCLC, page 343:

The following are translated copies of placards which have been extensively posted in the city and suburbs during the past week: [...] "[...] On recovering our Feng Shui land, then the state will be prosperous, the people peaceable, the winds moderate, and the rains favorable. Let all the people exert themselves."

1878 September 15, “Mr. [M. M.] De Lano to Mr. Holcombe. [Inclosure 3 in No. 61; No. 111; The Wu Shih Shan Riot. Placards.]”, in Papers Relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States, Transmitted to Congress, with the Annual Message of the President, December 1, 1879. […], Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, published 1879, →OCLC, page 187:

The question of the Channel Tunnel has been discussed from many points of view, commercial, naval, military; and all that can be said on the subject from a scientific or statistical standpoint has probably been exhausted. But the final clinching argument is that the tunnel would destroy our insular position; and it is there that the Press carries public opinion with it. We cannot have our insular position destroyed. The sea is England's glory and the wind and the waves her portion and her heritage, and shall these advantages be abated for the sake of a hole under the sea and a devil carriage to roar through it? Never, says John Bull; and doubtless his instinct is right. But if that isn't belief in feng-shui, which means precisely wind and water, one humble scribe would like to know what is.

1913 December 20, “The Memories of the Unattainable”, in The North-China Herald and Supreme Court & Consular Gazette: The Weekly Edition of the North-China Daily News, volume CIX (New Series), number 2419, Shanghai: Printed and published at the offices of the North-China Daily News & Herald, Ld., →OCLC, pages 904–905:

An example of public acknowledgement by Government of the legitimacy of feng-shui disputes in the Tsuen Wan area [in Hong Kong] concerned the objections of villagers in Sheung Kwai Chung to the construction of a salt water service reservoir. It was claimed that the construction of this reservoir on a ridge behind the village would adversely affect the village's feng-shui because the veins of the "green dragon" protecting the village would be severed.

1968 July, Baruch Boxer, “Space, Change and Feng-shui in Tsuen Wan’s Urbanization”, in K. Ishwaran, editor, Journal of Asian and African Studies, volume 3, numbers 3–4, Leiden: E[vert] J[an] Brill, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, pages 231–232:

(Chinese mythology) A system of spiritual energies, both good and evil, present in the natural features of landscapes.

風水 /风水

system of spiritual energies present in the natural features of landscapes


Hebe

From Ancient Greek Ἥβη (Hḗbē, literally “Youth, Prime of Life”).

uder

(Greek mythology) The goddess of youth, and a daughter of Zeus and Hera. Her Roman counterpart is Juventas.


Aba

(Greek mythology) a Thracian naiad nymph


Absolute

The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles

Oxford University Press
w:Oxford University Press

(philosophy) That which is totally unconditioned, unrestricted, pure, perfect, or complete; that which can be thought of without relation to others.


Abu

(mythology) A minor god of vegetation in Sumerian mythology.


Althea

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-Althea.wav

From Althaia or Althaea of Greek mythology, from Ancient Greek Ἀλθαία (Althaía).

(Greek mythology) an obscure goddess who was the personification of truth


Apollo

From Latin Apollō, from Ancient Greek Ἀπόλλων (Apóllōn).

‘Blue are the hills that are far away,’ is an owercome in the countryside, and while at first on his side it may have been but a young man’s fancy, to her he was like the god Apollo descending from the skies.

1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide:

(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) The son of Zeus and Leto (or Jupiter and Latona), and the twin brother of Artemis (or Diana). He was the god of light, music, medicine, and poetry; and prophecy, dance, manly beauty, and more.


Argo

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-Argo.wav

From Latin Argo, from Ancient Greek Ἀργώ (Argṓ), the mythical ship of the Argonauts.

(Greek mythology) The ship in which Jason and the Argonauts sailed on their quest for the Golden Fleece.


Argonaut

/ˈɑː(ɹ).ɡəˌnɔːt/

/ˈɑɹ.ɡəˌnɔt/

/ˈɑɹ.ɡəˌnɑt/

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-Argonaut.wav

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἀργοναύτης (Argonaútēs).

(Greek mythology) One of the members of the Argo who sailed with Jason in search of the Golden Fleece.


Aries

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-Aries.wav

From Latin Aries, from aries (“ram”), calque of Ancient Greek Κριός (Kriós), calque of Akkadian 𒅈𒌺𒊑𒈨 (immeru, “sheep”).

calque

(astrology) The zodiac sign for the ram, ruled by Mars and covering March 20 – April 20 (tropical astrology) or April 15 – May 15 (sidereal astrology).


Ash

en-proper noun

Ash (countable and uncountable, plural Ashes)

Ash (deity)
Ash (disambiguation)#Places
Ash (name)

(Egyptian mythology) The Egyptian god of oases.


Ask

From Old Norse Askr, from askr (“ash tree”).

(Norse mythology) The first male human, according to the Poetic Edda.


Atem

(Egyptian mythology) Alternative form of Atum


Atlas

Atlas (countable and uncountable, plural Atlases)

From Latin Ā̆tlās, from Ancient Greek Ἄτλας (Átlas), either from ἁ- (ha-, copulative prefix) + Proto-Indo-European *telh₂- (“bear, undergo, endure”) or of Pre-Greek origin.

der

(Greek mythology) The son of Iapetus and Clymene, war leader of the Titans ordered by the god Zeus to support the sky on his shoulders; father to the Hesperides, the Hyades, and the Pleiades; king of the legendary Atlantis.


Aura

en-proper noun

Aura (countable and uncountable, plural Auras)

(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) A minor female deity.


Aurora

/ʔaʊ̯ˈɾo.ɾɐ/

Aurora (disambiguation)
Gérard de Lairesse
Manuel Quezon

Ultimately from Latin Aurōra. The Philippine placenames were named after First Lady Aurora Quezon, the wife of Pres. Manuel Quezon, the 2nd president of the Philippines.

As faire Aurora in her purple pall, / Out of the East the dawning day doth call […]

1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book I, Canto IV”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 16:

(Roman mythology) Roman goddess of the dawn; equivalent of the Greek Eos. Sister of Luna and Sol.


Bast

(Egyptian mythology) Alternative spelling of Bastet


Calliope

From Latin Calliope, from Ancient Greek Καλλιόπη (Kalliópē), from κᾰλλῐ- (kăllĭ-, “beautiful”) + ὄψ (óps, “voice”).

(Greek mythology) The Muse of eloquence and epic or heroic poetry; the mother of Orpheus with Apollo.


Calypso

(Greek mythology) A sea nymph who entertained Odysseus on her island, Ogygia, for seven years.


Cancer

Learned borrowing from Latin cancer (“crab”), calque of Ancient Greek Καρκίνος (Karkínos, “crab”).

calque

(astrology) The zodiac sign for the crab, ruled by the Moon and covering June 22–July 22 (tropical astrology) or July 16–August 15 (sidereal astrology).


Castor

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-Castor.wav


Chaos

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-Chaos.wav

From Latin chaos (“chaos”), from Ancient Greek χάος (kháos).

19521 Chaos
Chaos (Warhammer)
Chaos (cosmogony)

(Greek mythology) In Greek mythology, the primordial state of disorder that exists before the creation of the world, or the first being or deity to exist.


Chronus

(Greek mythology) Alternative form of Chronos.


Cygnus

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-Cygnus.wav

Borrowed from Latin cygnus (“swan”), from Ancient Greek κύκνος (kúknos, “swan”).

(Greek mythology) A king of the Ligurians and relative of Phaeton who was transformed into a swan and placed in the sky as a constellation.


Dike

From Ancient Greek Δίκη (Díkē, literally “Justice; Order; Judgement”).

bor

(Greek mythology) The goddess/personification of justice, order and judgement and one of the Horae. She is a daughter of Zeus and Themis, and her sisters are Eirene and Eunomia. Her Roman counterpart is Justitia.


Draco

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-Draco.wav

Borrowed from Latin Dracō, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek Δρᾰ́κων (Drắkōn). Doublet of dracone, dragon, and dragoon.

Draco
Draco (constellation)
Draco (lawgiver)
Draco Dwarf

(Greek mythology) One of Actaeon's hounds.


Echidna

From Ancient Greek Ἔχιδνα (Ékhidna, “Echidna”), from ἔχιδνα (ékhidna, “viper”).

der

Horrible, hideous, and of hellish race, / Borne of the brooding of Echidna base, / Or other like infernall furies kinde […].

1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book V, Canto XI”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:

(Greek mythology) A female monster who, along with Typhon, mothered the vast majority of the famous monsters and creatures of Greek mythology.


Echo

60 Echo
Alexandre Cabanel
Echo (disambiguation)#Places
Echo (mythology)

(Greek mythology) An oread, punished by Hera by losing her own voice and only being able to mimic that of others.


Eros

I'm not just talking about sexually transmitted diseases, though Eros-knows there's precious little information about them available to gay men.

1981 August 1, Ron Vachon, “To Your Health”, in Gay Community News, page 13:

(Greek mythology) The god of love and sexual desire; son of either Erebus and Nyx or Aphrodite and Ares. His Roman counterpart is Cupid.


Ether

From Old French ether, from Latin aether (“the upper pure, bright air”), from Ancient Greek αἰθήρ (aithḗr, “upper air”), from αἴθω (aíthō, “I burn, shine”). Doublet of Aether.

(Roman mythology) The god-personification of the bright, glowing upper air of heaven. He is the Roman counterpart of Aether.


Fauna

Feminine form of Faunus.
Some refer it to Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₂w-, whence Ancient Greek θαῦνον (thaûnon, “beast”), Illyrian-related Daunus. Some refer it to faveō.

Fatua (alternative)
Fenta Fauna (alternative)

(Roman mythology) The goddess of animals, nature, spring and fertility; she is also the consort of Faunus.


Flora

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Flora.wav

From Latin Flōra (Roman goddess of flowers).

(Roman mythology) the goddess of flowers, nature and spring; she is also the wife of Favonius and the mother of Karpos. She is the Roman counterpart of Chloris.


Fury

Friom Middle English Furie, from Latin Furiae, a name used for the three Erinyes, being the plural of furia ("rage").

“I don't mean all of your friends—only a small proportion—which, however, connects your circle with that deadly, idle, brainless bunch—the insolent chatterers at the opera,[…]the speed-mad fugitives from the furies of ennui, the neurotic victims of mental cirrhosis,[…]!”

1907 August, Robert W[illiam] Chambers, chapter VI, in The Younger Set, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, →OCLC:

(Greek mythology) A female personification of vengeance.


Gemini

/ˈd͡ʒɛmɪnaɪ/

/ˈd͡ʒɛmɪniː/

Borrowed from Latin geminī, plural of geminus (“twin”), calque of Ancient Greek Δίδυμοι (Dídumoi).

calque

Gemini is the third sign of the zodiac, spanning the 60–89th degrees. The Sun is in Gemini from around 21 May to 20 June.

2025 May 16th, “Gemini: May Legendary Wildcard”, in Rise of the Half Moon:

(astrology) The zodiac sign for the twins, ruled by Mercury and covering May 22 – June 21 (tropical astrology) or June 16 – July 15 (sidereal astrology).

(Greek mythology) The twin brothers Castor and Pollux together.


God

Gods (plural)
od (alternative archaic euphemistic regional)
god (alternative derogatory often)
gawd (alternative)
Gawd (alternative)
g-d (alternative)
G-d (alternative)

→ Pohnpeian: Koht

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰew-
Proto-Indo-European *-tós
Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰutós?
Proto-Germanic *gudą
Proto-West Germanic *god
Old English god
Middle English god
Middle English God
English God
Derived from Middle English God. See god.

etymon

God (the great everlasting infinite First Cause from whom all things in heaven and earth proceed) [translating Chinese 道] can neither be defined nor named.

1895, “The Tâo-Tĭh-King, or Thoughts on the Nature and Manifestations of God”, in G. G. Alexander, transl., Lâo-Tsze the Great Thinker […], page 55:

For Aristotle, God as the ultimate ground is the being that is responsible for the workings of the rational cosmos, but not for itself.

2000, Catriona Hanley, Being and God in Aristotle and Heidegger, →ISBN, page 195:

Now, if night, winter, hunger, and war, which describe the God’s appearance as the multiple world, are his ‘scents’ and ‘names’, the same must be true of the world’s several constituents: all created things are just transient ‘scents’, and their names misnomers, of the fiery God.

2017, Aryeh Finkelberg, Heraclitus and Thales’ Conceptual Scheme: A Historical Study, →ISBN, page 156:

(philosophy) The transcendent principle, for example the ultimate cause or prime mover, often not considered as a person.


Harmonia

(Greek mythology) The goddess of harmony and concord, and the daughter of Ares and Aphrodite. Her Roman counterpart is Concordia.


Heaven

What Heaven has conferred is called the Nature...

1893, James Legge, transl., The Doctrine of the Mean:

...‘Heaven’ as we use it throughout the book is only a convenient but inaccurate translation of the Chinese character tian. Heaven in Chinese religions as well as in the Confucian tradition has multidimensional implications... In its metaphysical and physical connotation, Heaven... refers to... Nature. Applied in the spiritual realm, it signifies an anthropomorphic Lord or a Supreme Being who presides in Heaven, and rules over or governs directly the spiritual and material worlds.

2000, Yao Xinzhong, An Introduction to Confucianism, page 142:

It was not just the sky, but a god with wills and intentions, seen as sovereign of all... In fact, "Tian" was another reverent term to address the supreme god: "Heaven, for the help of the inferior people, made for them rulers, and made for them instructors" ("Great Declaration I" in the Book of History)...

2018, Zhuo Xinping, Religious Faith of the Chinese, page 58:

(Chinese mythology, semantic translation of 天 (tiān)) The supreme God or Nature which controls the universe.


Hector

From Latin Hectōr or Ancient Greek Ἕκτωρ (Héktōr), from ἕκτωρ (héktōr, “holding fast”), from ἔχω (ékhō, “to have, hold”), from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- (“to hold; to overpower”).

der

(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) A Trojan hero in Homer's Iliad.


Herne

Unknown. Suggested by R. Lowe Thompson to derive from Proto-Indo-European *ḱer- (“horn”), which would mean it is related to English horn. Others have suggested that it comes from Old English Herian (literally “warrior-leader”), which is a name for Woden. Another theory is that it derives from the surname Horne.

(mythology) Herne the Hunter, an English mythological figure; an antlered ghost associated with Windsor Forest and Great Park in the English county of Berkshire.


Hydra

[ˈhaɪ̯d͡ʒɹə]

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From Latin Hydra, the mythical serpent, originally from Ancient Greek ὕδρα (húdra), from Proto-Indo-European *údreh₂ (“aquatic”). Doublet of otter.

(Greek mythology) A mythological serpent with many heads, slain by Hercules as one of his twelve labours.


Hymen

From Latin Hymēn, from Ancient Greek Ῡ̔μήν (Hūmḗn).

"By the saffron robe of Hymen," cried Lord Norbourne, "but that would be a blessing! I own that I am no great friend to marriage in general; […] If a young man has his way to make in the world, a wife is a dead weight upon his hands.[…]"

1837, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], “A Proposal of Marriage”, in Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […], volume I, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 131:

(Greek mythology) The god of marriage and marriage ceremonies.


Io

(Greek mythology) The daughter of Inachus river god, and a lover of Zeus, turned by the latter into a heifer.


Ion

(Greek mythology) Son of Creusa and Xuthus, and the ancestor of Ionian people.

(philosophy) Ion of Chios, a Greek writer, dramatist, lyric poet and philosopher of the Pythagorean school


Iris

From Ancient Greek Ἶρις (Îris, “rainbow”).

What's the matter,
 That this distemper'd messenger of wet,
 The many-colour'd Iris, rounds thine eye?

c. 1604–1605 (date written), William Shakespeare, “All’s Well, that Ends Well”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iii]:

(Greek mythology) A messenger of the gods, and goddess of rainbows.


Kale

From Ancient Greek Καλή (Kalḗ, literally “beauty”), see καλός (kalós, “beautiful”).


Ki

(religion, mythology, Sumerian religion) In Sumerian mythology, the earth goddess and chief consort of the sky god, Anu.


Kraken

Borrowed from Norwegian kraken (Bokmål entry; Nynorsk entry), definite singular of krake (“wooden drag/grapnel”) (Bokmål entry; Nynorsk entry), both from Old Norse kraki (“wooden drag/grapnel”, literally “crookie: something with crooks/hooks”), from Proto-Germanic *krankaz (“crooked”).

der

krake (alternative rare)
kraken (alternative)

(Norse mythology) A colossal sea monster that attacks ships and sailors, often portrayed as a giant octopus or squid.


Leo

From Latin leō (“lion”), from Ancient Greek λέων (léōn). Doublet of Leon, leu, lev, lion, and Lyon.

doublet

(astrology) The zodiac sign for the Lion, ruled by the Sun and covering July 23 - August 22 (tropical astrology) or August 16 - September 15 (sidereal astrology).


Leto

en:68 Leto
en:Leto
en:Leto (disambiguation)
en:Leto (surname)

en-proper noun

Leto (countable and uncountable, plural Letos)

(uncountable, Greek mythology) Leto, in Greek mythology, the mother of Apollo and Artemis.


Libra

From Latin lībra (“scales, balance”). Doublet of arratel, libbra, libra, lira, litra, litre, livre, and rottol.

doublet

(astrology) The astrological sign for the scales, ruled by Venus and covering September 24 - October 23 (tropical astrology) or October 16 - November 16 (sidereal astrology).


Limos

From Ancient Greek Λῑμός (Līmós), from Ancient Greek λῑμός (līmós, “hunger, famine, starvation”).

uder

(Greek mythology) A child of Eris, Limos is the deity/personification of famine and starvation. The Roman counterpart is Fames.


Luna

From Middle English lune, luna (“the moon”), from Latin lūna/Lūna, from Proto-Indo-European *lówksneh₂. Doublet of Roxane.

(Roman mythology) The sister of Aurora and Sol; the goddess of the moon; equivalent to the Greek Selene.


Mars

From Middle English Mars, from Latin Mārs (“god of war”), from older Latin (older than 75 BCE) Māvors.

Mars was the lover of Venus, and together they had a daughter called Harmonia.


Melissa

From Ancient Greek μέλισσα (mélissa, “bee, honey, or honeybee”). In Ireland it is sometimes used as a feminine form of the Gaelic male name Maol Íosa (literally “servant of Jesus”).

der

(Greek mythology) Bee-nymph in Greek mythology.


Mercury

Inherited from Middle English Mercurie, from Latin Mercurius.

(Roman mythology) The Roman god associated with speed, sometimes used as a messenger, wearing winged sandals; the Roman counterpart of the Greek god Hermes.


Minotaur

the Minotaur (canonical)
minotaur (alternative)

/ˈmɪnəˌtɔː(ɹ)/

/ˈmaɪnəˌtɑɹ/

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Borrowed from Ancient Greek Μινώταυρος (Minṓtauros), from Μίνως (Mínōs, “king of Crete”) + ταῦρος (taûros, “bull”).

bor+

(Greek mythology) A monster, half man and half bull, who dwelled in the labyrinth in Crete and who was killed by Theseus.


Mors

(Roman mythology) The god and personification of death; the Roman counterpart of Thanatos.


Myrmidon

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From Latin Myrmidones, from Ancient Greek Μυρμιδόνες (Murmidónes), a tribe of warriors led by Achilles to the Trojan War. Folk etymology in Ovid's time derived the tribe's name from μυρμηδών (murmēdṓn, “ant-nest”), from μύρμηξ (múrmēx, “ant”)).

The Myrmidons were the soldiers of Achilles, in the Trojan war. From them all zealous and unscrupulous followers of a political chief are called by that name, down to this day. But the origin of the Myrmidons would not give one the idea of a fierce and bloody race, but rather of a laborious and peaceful one.

1855, Thomas Bulfinch, chapter XII, in The Age of Fable:

(Greek mythology) One of a fierce tribe or troop who accompanied Achilles, their king, in the Trojan War.

Myrmidone

member of a tribe who accompanied Achilles


Myrmidon

(Greek mythology) The ancestral hero of the Myrmidon tribe, son of Zeus and Eurymedusa.


Narcissus

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From Latin Narcissus, from Ancient Greek Νάρκισσος (Nárkissos, “Narcissus”).

der

At the beginning of his narrative, Ishmael mentions Narcissus, the legendary character who plunged into the water and was drowned in the attempt to grasp his own essence (p. 14). Narcissus was unwilling to understand the relationship between himself and “the ungraspable phantom of life” in gradualistic terms and sought to bring that relationship to immediate closure, thus annihilating himself.

1982, Carl G. Vaught, The Quest for Wholeness, page 25:

We may now affirm that Plato's cave is inhabited by Narcissus. He already knows, but the knowledge he possesses is still a bit confused, obscure (this knowledge is situated in the caves of the memory, a dark space much like Narcissus’s place).

1994, Ronald Bogue, Mihai Spariosu, The Play of the Self, page 34:

Narcissus, as the myth has it, died because, unlike Lacan's child, he did not recognize himself; nor did he perceive the mirror for what it was: a boundary between reality and fiction.¹⁵

1999, Mieke Bal, Quoting Caravaggio: Contemporary Art, Preposterous History, page 237:

(Greek mythology) A youth who spurned the love of Echo and fell in love with his own reflection in a pool: in some versions of the myth, he drowned trying to reach it, while in others he sat fixated until a god took pity and transformed him into a flower.


Nemesis

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From Ancient Greek Νέμεσις (Némesis, “Nemesis, goddess of retribution”).

bor

Coordinate term: Invidia

(Greek mythology) The goddess of divine retribution.


Nereid

Nereids (plural)
Nereides (plural)
nereid (alternative)
Nereide (alternative archaic)
Nereïde (alternative archaic)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-Nereid.wav

From the stem of Latin Nērēis, from Ancient Greek Νηρηΐς (Nērēḯs), from Νηρεύς (Nēreús, “Nereus”) + -ις (-is), literally “sprung of Nereus”. By surface analysis, Nereus + -id.

af

(Greek mythology) Any one of the fifty sea-nymphs who were daughters of the sea-god Nereus and attendants upon Poseidon (Neptune), and were represented as riding on sea horses, sometimes in human form and sometimes with the tail of a fish.


Noman

(Greek mythology) An alias of Odysseus Laërtiadês


Not

Nut (alternative)
Nunut (alternative)
Nenet (alternative)
Nuit (alternative)

(Egyptian mythology) Alternative spelling of Nut.


Nox

(Roman mythology) The Roman goddess of night.


Nu

Borrowed from Egyptian nnw (“Nu, the primeval waters”).

bor

(Egyptian mythology) The god who serves as the personification of the primeval waters that existed before the world.


Palladium

(mythology) A wooden statue of great antiquity on which the safety of Troy and later Rome was said to depend.


Pan

From Middle English Pan, from Latin Pān, from Ancient Greek Πάν (Pán).

(Greek mythology) Greek god of nature, often visualized as half goat and half man playing pipes. His Roman counterpart is Faunus.


Panacea

From Ancient Greek Πανακεια (Panakeia, literally “all-curing”).

(Greek mythology) The goddess/personification of healing, remedies, cures and panaceas (medicines, salves, ointments and other curatives). She is a daughter of Asclepius and Epione.


Perse

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Περση (Persē, literally “Persian woman”).

bor+

Persa (alternative)
Perseis (alternative)

(Greek mythology) An Oceanid, (one of the three thousand daughters of the Titans' Oceanus and Tethys), and the wife of the sun god, Helios, by whom she is the mother of Aeetes, Perses, Pasiphae, and Circe. One of her many sisters is Amphitrite, (the wife of Poseidon). Perse is also closely identified with Hecate.


Phaëthon

Borrowed from Latin Phaëthōn, from the Ancient Greek Φᾰέθων (Phăéthōn).

Phaethon (alternative)
Phaéthôn (alternative)
Phaëton (alternative)
Phaeton (alternative)
Phæton (alternative obsolete)

(Greek mythology) The son of the sun god Helios who was killed by Zeus while driving his father's chariot uncontrolledly across the sky.


Phoebe

Borrowed from Latin Phoebē, from Ancient Greek Φοίβη (Phoíbē), feminine form of Φοῖβος (Phoîbos, “bright”).

Phœbe (alternative)
Phebe (alternative)
Phœbë (alternative)

(Greek mythology) A Titan, goddess of the moon, sister-wife of Coeus, and daughter of Uranus and Gaia.

(Greek mythology) An epithet and synonym for Selene; Phoebe Selene, after her maternal aunt, Phoebe (see above).

(Greek mythology) An epithet and synonym for Artemis; Phoebe Artemis, after her maternal grandmother, Phoebe (see above).


Phoenix

From Latin phoenīx, from Ancient Greek φοῖνῐξ (phoînĭx), Φοῖνῐξ (Phoînĭx).

(mythology) A mythical firebird; especially the sacred one from ancient Egyptian mythology.

(Greek mythology) A character in the Iliad and father of Adonis in Greek mythology or a different character in Greek mythology, brother of Europa and Cadmus.


Pisces

From Latin piscēs, the nominative plural of piscis (“fish”).

(astrology) The zodiac sign for the fish, supposed to be ruled by Neptune and to influence events occurring between February 20 and March 20 (tropical) or, less often, between March 15 and April 14 (sidereal).


Priapus

From Latin Priāpus, from Ancient Greek Πρίαπος (Príapos).

(Greek mythology) The son of Aphrodite and Dionysus, god of procreation, and guardian of gardens and vineyards; personification of the phallus.


Psyche

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From Ancient Greek ψυχή (psukhḗ, literally “Soul, Spirit”).

uder

(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) The personification of the soul. Originally a mortal princess who later married Eros/Cupid, (the god of love), was deified, and bore him a daughter, Hedone/Voluptas.


Ra

Transcription of Egyptian r:a-ra (rꜥ, “the sun; Ra”).

(Egyptian mythology) The Egyptian god of the Sun.


Re

Meaning borrowed from Egyptian r:a-ra (rꜥ, “sun, Ra”), with the form of the word borrowed from Coptic ⲣⲏ (rē, “sun”).

bor

<i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">rꜥ</i>

(Egyptian mythology) Alternative form of Ra


Rhea

(Greek mythology) A Titan, the daughter of Uranus and Gaia, the mother of Demeter, Hades, Hera, Hestia, Poseidon, and Zeus.


Sagittarius

/ˌsadʒɪˈtɛəɹɪəs/

/ˌsædʒəˈtɛəɹiəs/

General American, Mary–marry–merry merger

/ˌsædʒəˈtɛɹiəs/

(astrology) The zodiac sign for the archer, ruled by Jupiter and covering November 23 - December 21 (tropical astrology) or December 16 - January 14 (sidereal astrology).


Sagittarius

/ˌsadʒɪˈtɛəɹɪəs/

/ˌsædʒəˈtɛəɹiəs/

/ˌsædʒəˈtɛɹiəs/

(astrology) Someone with a Sagittarius star sign.


Scorpion

From the animal scorpion, from Latin scorpio (“scorpion”).

(astrology) Of or relating to the Scorpio star sign.


Scorpius

/ˈskɔːɹpɪəs/

Borrowed from Latin scorpius (“scorpion”).


Set

Borrowed from Coptic ⲥⲏⲧ (sēt), from Egyptian s-t:X (stẖ).

(Egyptian mythology) An ancient Egyptian god, variously described as the god of chaos, the god of thunder and storms, or the god of destruction.


Sia

(Egyptian mythology) An ancient Egyptian god, the personification of perception.


Sol

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(Roman mythology) The sun god; equivalent of the Greek Helios. Brother of Luna and Aurora.


Sphinx

Sphinges (plural)
Sphynx (alternative dated)

From Middle English Spynx, from Ancient Greek Σφίγξ (Sphínx), perhaps from σφίγγω (sphíngō, “bind tightly, to strangle”). The appurtenance of Egyptian Szp:p-A53 (šzp, “image, statue, sphinx”) or Szp:p-A53-anx-n:x (šzp-ꜥnḫ, “living image”) remains unclear.

cog

<i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">šzp</i>

(Greek mythology) One of the many offspring of Typhon and Echidna, a winged lion-like creature with a woman's face, who committed suicide out of frustration after Oedipus managed to solve her riddles.


Taurus

From Latin Taurus (from taurus (“bull”)), from Ancient Greek Ταῦρος (Taûros); compare Aramaic תּוֹר (tor), Arabic ثَوْر (ṯawr). Latin taurus (“bull”) is a doublet of steer, tur, Tavros, and Tarvos.

doublet

(astrology) The zodiac sign for the bull, ruled by Venus and covering April 21 - May 21 (tropical astrology) or May 16 - June 15 (sidereal astrology).


Te

From Coptic ⲧⲏ (tē), from Egyptian d-wA-t:dwAt (“dwꜣt”). Doublet of Duat.

der

<i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">dwꜣt</i>

(Egyptology, Egyptian mythology) The realm of the dead in Egyptian mythology.


Tellus

Borrowed from Latin tellus (“Earth, globe, world”), from Proto-Italic *telnos, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *telnos ~ *telnes-, from *telh₂- (“flat ground”), but reshaped after rūs. Otherwise, could derive from Etruscan 𐌕𐌖𐌋𐌀𐌓 (tular, “earth”).

bor+

Perhaps the Custome of the Beggars, throwing the remainder of drinke out of the Dish on the Ground, may be derived from an Ethnick sacrifice to Tellus.

1687, John Aubrey, Remaines of Gentilisme and Judaisme, page 37:

Now they could see what the guide was telling them: that the pillars supporting the frontage were of red granite, mined in Sweden, flanked at either end by golden statues of Atlas and Tellus, bearing on their shoulders spheres depicting the heavens and the earth.

1992, Robert Harris, Fatherland, London: Hutchinson, →ISBN, page 27:

(Roman mythology) The goddess of the Earth in Roman mythology.


Terminus

Learned borrowing from Latin terminus (“a boundary or border, a limit or point”). Doublet of terminus and term.

lbor

(Roman mythology) The god of boundaries and landmarks, focus of the important Roman festival of Terminalia.


Terra

From Latin Terra (“goddess of the earth; the land itself”).

uder

interpretatio graeca
interpretatio graeca

(Roman mythology) The Roman earth goddess, equivalent in the interpretatio graeca to Gaea.


Titan

(Greek mythology) Any of the race of giant gods in Greek mythology that preceded and was overthrown by the Olympian gods.


Titan

(Greek mythology) Another name for Helios, a personification of the Sun.


Trivia

(Roman mythology) An aspect of the Roman goddess Diana, pertaining to her role as guardian of trivia (crossroads or forks where three roads meet); used as an epithet.


Virgo

From Latin virgō (“maiden, virgin”). Doublet of virgin.

(astrology): The zodiac sign for the virgin, ruled by Mercury, that covers August 23 – September 23 (tropical astrology) or September 16 – October 15 (sidereal astrology).


Way

From specific instances of way. In Christian contexts, a semantic loan from Ancient Greek ὁδός (hodós) used with that meaning in the Acts of the Apostles (for example, Acts 9:2). In Chinese contexts, a semantic loan from Chinese 道 (Dào).

semantic loan

(Chinese philosophy, with the definite article) Synonym of Tao: the way of nature and/or the ideal way in which to live one's life.


Zephyr

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-zephyr.wav

For a Tempeſt. Take Eurus, Zephyr, Auſter and Boreas, and caſt them together in one Verſe. Add to theſe of Rain, Lightning, and of Thunder (the loudeſt you can) quantum ſufficit. Mix your Clouds and Billows well together till they foam, and thicken your Deſcription here and there with a Quickſand. Brew your Tempeſt well in your Head, before you ſet it a blowing.

1714 June 10, [Alexander Pope], The Guardian, volume I, number 78, London: Printed for J[acob] Tonson, at Shakespear's-Head over-against Catherine-street in the Strand, page 332:

(Greek mythology) The god of the West Wind.


Zu

(mythology) A lesser divinity of Akkadian mythology, and the son of the bird goddess Siris.


barbara

/ˈbɑɹb(ə)ɹə/

/ˈbɑːb(ə)ɹə/

From the name Barbara; chosen because it has three A's in it representing universal affirmatives.

(logic) A syllogism in which all three propositions are of the form "All X are Y" or "X is a Y".


Hyperion

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Hyperion.wav

(Greek mythology) A Titan, the son of Gaia and Uranus and the father of Helios, Selene and Eos.

(Greek mythology) Helios himself, the incarnation of light and beauty.


Theia

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Borrowed from Ancient Greek Θεία (Theía).

(Greek mythology) A Titan, the sister-wife of Hyperion.

(Greek mythology) An Oceanid nymph (daughter of Oceanus and Tethys), the mother of the Cercopes by Oceanus.


Coeus

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Κοῖος (Koîos, “Coeus”).

(Greek mythology) The Titan of intelligence; the father of Leto and Asteria.


Mnemosyne

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From Ancient Greek Μνημοσύνη (Mnēmosúnē).

(Greek mythology) A Titaness and the personification of thought, intellect and memory. She is the daughter of Gaia and Uranus, and the mother of the Muses by Zeus.


Themis

(Greek mythology) A Titan, the embodiment of divine order, law and custom. She was the daughter of Gaia and Uranus.


Crius

(Greek mythology) A Titan, the son of Uranus and Gaia.


Iapetus

From Latin Iapetus, from Ancient Greek Ἰαπετός (Iapetós), possibly from Pre-Greek.
* (moon): Named after the titan.
* (ocean): The Iapetus Ocean was the predecessor to the Atlantic Ocean, so this name was chosen because Iapetus is the father of Atlas (see Atlantic).

Alternative forms: Japetus, Iapetos

(Greek mythology) A Titan, the son of Uranus and Gaia, and father of Atlas, Prometheus, Epimetheus, and Menoetius.


Titaness

(Greek mythology) A female Titan, any of the daughters of Uranus and Gaia.


jovial

en-adj

jovial (comparative more jovial, superlative most jovial)

more jovial (comparative)
most jovial (superlative)
joviall (alternative)

/ˈd͡ʒəʊ.vɪ.əl/

Borrowed from French jovial (“jolly, jovial”), from Italian gioviale (“jolly, jovial; (obsolete) born under the influence of the planet Jupiter”), from Latin ioviālis (“relating to the Roman god Jupiter”), from Iuppiter, Iovis (“the Roman god Jove or Jupiter, counterpart of the Greek god Zeus”) (from Proto-Indo-European *dyew- (“to be bright; heaven, sky”)) + -ālis (suffix forming adjectives of relationship); analysable as Jove + -ial.
Sense 1 (“cheerful and good-humoured”) refers to the fact that individuals born under the astrological influence of the planet Jupiter were believed to have that disposition.

der

This Planet [Jupiter] being a Fortune, and Friend unto nature, inclineth the native, upon this direction, not only unto healthfulneſs, but alſo to be jovial and merry, affable and pleaſant, and to delight in the company of religious men: […] [T]his direction importeth good from jovial perſons, and is an excellent time to have dealings with, or to receive any courteſie from, or benefit by them, […]

1682, Joseph Blagrave, “[The Effects of Directions.] The Ascendant to the Body of Jupiter.”, in Obadiah Blagrave, editor, Blagrave’s Introduction to Astrology. In Three Parts. […], London: Printed by E. Tyler, and R. Holt, for Obadiah Blagrave, […], →OCLC, part III, page 226:

As ☉ is near to a ⚹ of ♃, so did a jovial man endeavour to procure the purchase (after I began), but ♃ is cadent and in detriment, which shewed he should not prevail.

1852, William Lilly, Zadkiel [pseudonym; Richard James Morrison], “Of the Fourth House, and Judgments Depending thereon”, in An Introduction to Astrology […]: A Grammar of Astrology, and Tables for Calculating Nativities. […], London: H[enry] G[eorge] Bohn, […], →OCLC, page 145:

(not comparable, astrology, obsolete) Pertaining to the astrological influence of the planet Jupiter; having the characteristics of a person under such influence (see sense 1).


descend

en-verb

descend (third-person singular simple present descends, present participle descending, simple past and past participle descended)

descends (present singular third-person)
descending (participle present)
descended (participle past)
descended (past)
descend (infinitive)
descend (first-person present singular)
descended (first-person past singular)
descend (present second-person singular)
descendest (archaic present second-person singular)
descended (past second-person singular)
descendedst (archaic past second-person singular)
descends (present singular third-person)
descendeth (archaic present singular third-person)
descended (past singular third-person)
descend (plural present)
descended (past plural)
descend (present subjunctive)
descended (past subjunctive)
descend (imperative present)
descending (participle present)
descended (participle past)

PIE word
 *de
The verb is derived from Middle English descenden (“to move downwards, fall, descend; to slope downwards; to go from a better to a worse condition, decline, degenerate; to be a descendant, derive from (a source); etc.”), from Anglo-Norman descendere, descendre, and Old French descendere, descendre (“to move downwards, fall, descend; to slope downwards; to be a descendant, derive from (a source); etc.”) (modern French descendre), and from their etymon Latin dēscendere, the present active infinitive of dēscendō (“to come or go down, fall, descend; to slope downwards; to be a descendant; etc.”), from de- (prefix meaning ‘from; down from’) + scandō (“to ascend, climb; to clamber”) (from Proto-Indo-European *skend- (“to climb, scale; to dart; to jump”)).
The noun is derived from the verb.

laskea

to pass from a higher to a lower part of (something)

afgaan

to physically move or pass from a higher to a lower place or position

Senses relating to moving from a higher to a lower position.

(intransitive) To physically move or pass from a higher to a lower place or position; to come or go down in any way, such as by climbing, falling, flowing, walking, etc.; to move downwards; to fall, to sink.

(astrology) Of a zodiac sign: to move away from the zenith towards the horizon; to sink; also, of a planet: to move to a place where it has less astrological significance.

laskea

of a zodiac sign: to move away from the zenith towards the horizon; of a planet: to move to a place where it has less astrological significance


martial

en-adj

martial (comparative more martial, superlative most martial)

more martial (comparative)
most martial (superlative)
Martial (alternative)
martiall (alternative)

From Middle English martial, marcial, mercial, mercialle (“relating to war, warlike; military; for use in fighting or warfare; brave, hardy; combative, fierce; ruthless, vicious; domineering, overbearing”), from Middle French martial (modern French martial (“martial”)), or directly from its etymon Latin mārtiālis (“of or pertaining to Mars, the Roman god of war”), from Mārtius (“of or pertaining to Mars”) + -ālis (suffix forming adjectives of relationship). The English word is cognate with Italian marziale (“martial”), Portuguese marcial (“martial”), Spanish marcial (“martial”).

der

The Sun to the Quartile or Oppoſition of Mars. This Direction threatens the native with ſome martial Diſeaſe or Infirmity, as Fevers peſtilential, exceſs of Choler and Blood corrupted; it ſheweth danger by Fires, Wounds and Scalds, ill ſucceſs in Affairs, danger by Thieves and Robbers, ill having to do with martial Men, or to deal in martial Affairs; [...]

1682, Joseph Blagrave, “[The Effects of Directions.] The Sun Directed unto Promittors.”, in Obadiah Blagrave, editor, Blagrave’s Introduction to Astrology. In Three Parts. […], London: Printed by E. Tyler, and R. Holt, for Obadiah Blagrave, […], →OCLC, part III, page 251:

A martial man is many times full-faced, with a lively, high colour, like sun-burnt, or like raw tanned leather; a fierce countenance, his eyes being sparkling or sharp and darting, and of yellow colour; his hair, both of head and beard, being reddish (but herein you must vary according to the sign).

1852, William Lilly, Zadkiel [pseudonym; Richard James Morrison], “Another Brief Description of the Shapes and Forms of the Planets”, in An Introduction to Astrology […]: A Grammar of Astrology, and Tables for Calculating Nativities. […], London: H[enry] G[eorge] Bohn, […], →OCLC, page 55:

Venus was placed below Mars; that is, the sensual passion was subjected to martial ardour.

1875, J. A., “ASTROLOGY”, in The Encyclopædia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, and General Literature, 9th edition, volume II, Edinburgh: Adam and Charles Black, →OCLC, page 741, column 2:

(not comparable, astrology, obsolete) Pertaining to the astrological influence of the planet Mars.


martial

(astrology, obsolete) A celestial object under the astrological influence of the planet Mars.


lamia

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-lamia.wav

From Latin lamia, from Ancient Greek Λάμια (Lámia).

Apollonius […] by some probable conjectures, found her out to be a serpent, a lamia, and that all her furniture was like Tantalus' gold described by Homer, no substance, but mere illusions.

1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition III, section 2, member 1, subsection i:

(Greek mythology) A monster preying upon human beings, who sucked the blood of children, often described as having the head and breasts of a woman and the lower half of a serpent.


Ixion

From Latin Ixīōn, from Ancient Greek Ἰξίων (Ixíōn, literally “strong native”).

As to fitfulness, I have never learnt the art of binding myself to any of the wheels on which the Ixions of these days are turning round and round.

1849 May – 1850 November, Charles Dickens, The Personal History of David Copperfield, London: Bradbury & Evans, […], published 1850, →OCLC:

The complicated conjunction and adverb “ut” also looms. Mr. Butterfield said that it is “the sort of infernal business that would make Sisyphus and Ixion smile kindly on the job satisfaction they got from their daily toil,” referring to figures from classical mythology forced to labor in pain for eternity.

2019 November 30, Annalisa Quinn, “Latin Dictionary’s Journey: A to Zythum in 125 Years (and Counting)”, in New York Times:

(Greek mythology) King of Lapiths, who was punished by Zeus for trying to seduce Hera by being bound to a winged fiery wheel that was always spinning.


induction

en-noun

induction (countable and uncountable, plural inductions)

Inherited from Middle English induction, from Old French induction, from Latin inductiō, from indūcō (“I lead”). By surface analysis, induct + -ion or induce + -tion.

Meronym: abstraction

(logic) Derivation of general principles from specific instances.

en:reasoning from specific instances to general principles

ինդուկցիա

the derivation of general principles from specific instances


quincunx

quincunx (plural quincunxes or quincunces)

(astrology) An angle of five-twelfths of a circle, or 150°, between two objects.


Styx

A bold bad man, that dar'd to call by name / Great Gorgon, prince of darknes and dead night, / At which Cocytus quakes and Styx is put to flight.

1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, page 13:

For two-and-twenty years he [Doctor Guillotin], unguillotined, shall hear nothing but guillotine, see nothing but guillotine; then dying, shall through long centuries wander, as it were, a disconsolate ghost, on the wrong side of Styx and Lethe; his name like to outlive Cæsar’s.

1837, Thomas Carlyle, chapter IV, in The French Revolution: A History […], volume I (The Bastille), London: Chapman and Hall, →OCLC, book IV (States-General):

Bornless one / As darkness bright / Found not in tongues / Found not in light / Bring down the rain / Drain waters of Styx / Faustian luminary / Redeem blaspheme / Like a day without the dawn / Like a ray void of the sun / Like a storm that brings no calm / I'm most complete yet so undone

2014, “O Father O Satan O Sun!”, performed by Behemoth:

(Greek mythology) The river, in Hades, over which the souls of the dead are ferried by Charon.


heterological

From Ancient Greek ἕτερος (héteros, “different”) + λόγος (lógos, “word”), by surface analysis, heterology + -ical.

der

A further instance of the uncertainty of Prof. Bergmann's views on the subject of negation, is the distinction (considered by him as at least supposable) between " nicht-richtig " and "unrichtig" (§21,5.). This is done, of course, in order to put a " heterological " meaning into his Axiom of Excluded Middle,

It is the dream of a purely heterological thought at its source. A pure thought of pure difference.

1994, Christopher Norris, Truth and the Ethics of Criticism, →ISBN, page 50:

But a process philosophy, in order to support a purely heterological thought, has to be capable of doing without subjects steering the process or being steered by it, without substantive names designating 'blocks' in motion, and without points of origin or destination invigilating over a predictable trajectory.

2007, Constantin V. Boundas, Columbia Companion to Twentieth-century Philosophies, →ISBN, page 489:


signifier

/ˈsɪɡnɪfaɪɚ/

/ˈsɪɡnɪfaɪə/

merkityksen antaja

something or someone that signifies, makes something more significant or important

Something or someone that signifies, makes something more significant or important.

(cartomancy) A card representing a querent, question, or situation.

Here things are getting better and better for women and people of color, and gay men and lesbians, more and more integrated and open, and all you can think about is some stupid, lame problem with signifiers and signifieds.

2001, Jonathan Franzen, The Corrections:

(linguistics, philosophy) A sign, such as a written or spoken word, which refers to some concept, object or person, the signified.

signifikant

(linguistics) the sound of spoken word or string of letters on a page that a person recognizes as a sign


deontology

en-noun

deontology (usually uncountable, plural deontologies)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *deh₁-
Ancient Greek δέω (déō)
Ancient Greek δεῖ (deî)lbor.
Proto-Indo-European *leǵ-
Ancient Greek λόγος (lógos)
Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂
Proto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂
Ancient Greek -ῐ́ᾱ (-ĭ́ā)
Ancient Greek -λογῐ́ᾱ (-logĭ́ā)bor.
Latin -logialbor.
French -logiebor.
English -logy
English deontology
Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek δέον (déon, “that which is binding, needful, proper, or right”) + English -ology (variant of -logy (suffix denoting a branch of learning or a study of a particular subject)). Δέον (Déon) is the neuter present participle of δεῖ (deî, “it behoves one to, it is necessary to, one must”), from δέω (déō, “to bind, tie; to fasten; to fetter”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *deh₁- (“to bind”).
Sense 1 (“synonym of ethics”) was coined by the English philosopher Jeremy Bentham (1748–1832) to refer to censorial or dicastic ethics (ethics based on judgment), while sense 1.1 (“normative ethical theory that the morality of an action should be based on whether the action follows certain obligations or rules”) derives from the use of the word deontological by the English philosopher Charlie Dunbar Broad (1887–1971) in his book Five Types of Ethical Theory (1930).

nb...

In which the Harmony and Co-incidence of Duty and Self-interest, Virtue and Felicity, Prudence and Benevolence, are Explained, Exemplified, and Applied to the Business of Life. From the MSS. of Jeremy Bentham. Arranged and Edited by John Bowring. In Two Volumes.

Ltd, Broadway House: 68–74 Carter Lane, E.C.4

[Matthew Hale] was no reformer: nothing better than an expounder: every thing stated by him was stated as he found it, or conceived it to be: no inquiries as to what it ought to be: in the eyes of lawyers—not to speak of the dupes—that is to say, as yet, the generality of non-lawyers—the is and the ought to be (or, as in Greek it would be so much better—the το ον and the το δεον, from which last, Ethics has received the more expressive name of Deontology), were one and indivisible.

1826 October, Jeremy Bentham, “Art. VIII.—Observations on the Actual State of the English Law of Real Property, with the Outlines of a Code. By James Humphreys, Esq. of Lincoln’s Inn, Barrister. 8vo. Murray. London. [book review]”, in The Westminster Review, volume VI, number XII, London: Baldwin, Cradock, and Joy, →OCLC, page 448:

The principle, then, on which Deontology is grounded, is the principle of Utility; in other words, that every action is right or wrong—worthy or unworthy—deserving approbation or disapprobation, in proportion to its tendency to contribute to, or to diminish the amount of public happiness.

a. 1833 (date written), Jeremy Bentham, “Deontology Explained—Term Why Adopted”, in John Bowring, editor, Deontology; or, The Science of Morality: […], volume I, London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Browne, Green, and Longman; Edinburgh: William Tait, published 1834, →OCLC, part I (Theory of Virtue), pages 23–24:

And then she discoursed with voluble blandiloquence on deontologies and morals, and pondered with imposing gravity on ancient lores, and wisdoms, and beatifications, and in all her countenance seemeth as demure as a babe asleep.

1898, [John Martin Russell], “[Book of Revelation.] Chapter XIII, 11–18. The Second Beast.”, in The Seven Ages of Creation: Or Cosmos and the Mysteries Expounded […], Fort Dodge, Iowa: E. A. Tryon, […], →OCLC, page 231:

[T]he main concern of the last two hundred and fifty years or so of ethics has been to assess the morality of actions or rules by themselves – act-and-rule utilitarianisms and deontologies – as opposed to an interpretation of actions within a morality of being.

1985, William S. Hamrick, “Kindness”, in William S. Hamrick, editor, Phenomenology in Practice and Theory (Phenomenologica; 92), Dordrecht, South Holland; Boston, Mass.: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, →ISBN, part 3 (Aesthetic, Ethical, and Religious Values), page 204:

William Frankena has altered [Charlie Dunbar] Broad's distinction slightly to define teleology as making consequences the "one and only … ultimate right-making characteristic" and to define deontology as allowing "that there are other considerations that may make an action or rule right or obligatory besides the goodness or badness of its consequences …"[…].

1996, James B. Tubbs, Jr., “Richard McCormick: Ordered Values and Proportionate Reasons”, in Christian Theology and Medical Ethics: Four Contemporary Approaches (Theology and Medicine; 7), Dordrecht, South Holland; Boston, Mass.: Kluwer Academic Publishers, →ISBN, page 36:

Deontologies that arise from status functions are not morally neutral. This is in part because of familiar issues such as that people are likely to rely on the observance of such deontologies, the wrongfulness of freeriding, and so on.

2021, Allan Beever, “Justification”, in Law’s Reality: A Philosophy of Law (Elgar Studies in Legal Theory), Cheltenham, Gloucestershire; Northampton, Mass.: Edward Elgar Publishing, →DOI, →ISBN, part III (Reconstructing the Philosophy of Law), page 301:

ethics

Synonym of ethics (“the study of principles relating to right and wrong conduct”)

(specifically) The normative ethical theory that the morality of an action is based on whether the action follows certain obligations or rules, rather than on its inherent goodness, consequences, etc.


dialectics

From Ancient Greek διαλεκτική (dialektikḗ, “the art of argument through interactive questioning and answering”), from διαλεκτικός (dialektikós, “competent debater”), from διαλέγομαι (dialégomai, “to participate in a dialogue”), from διά (diá, “inter, through”) + λέγειν (légein, “to speak”).

uder

The dialectics of absolute and relative, concrete and abstract, subject and object, and theory and practice is focused on some of the most important questions in philosophy.

None of these processes and modes of thought enters into the framework of metaphysical reasoning. Dialectics, on the other hand, comprehends things and their representations, ideas, in their essential connection, concatenation, motion, origin and ending. Such processes as those mentioned above are, therefore, so many corroborations of its own method of procedure.

1880, Friedrich Engels, chapter 2, in Socialism: Utopian and Scientific:

(philosophy, uncountable) A systematic method of argument that attempts to resolve the contradictions in opposing views or ideas.