ethics

ethics (countable and uncountable, plural ethics)

From Middle English etik, from Middle French ethique, from Late Latin ethica, from Ancient Greek ἠθική (ēthikḗ), from ἠθικός (ēthikós, “of or for morals, moral, expressing character”), from ἦθος (êthos, “character, moral nature”).

(philosophy) The study of principles relating to right and wrong conduct.


silver age

(historical, mythology) A historical period of great accomplishment in a field or a society; in storytelling archetypes, usually following, and not quite as favorable as, a golden age, and not unfavorable as an iron age.


intentionality

en-noun

intentionality (countable and uncountable, plural intentionalities)

intentionaalisuus

(phil.) characteristic ...; ability to refer to sth.

The naturalization of intentionality is an ongoing project in philosophy.

As a preliminary formulation we might say: Intentionality is that property of many mental states and events by which they are directed at or about or of objects and states of affairs in the world.

1983, John R. Searle, Intentionality: An Essay in the Philosophy of Mind, page 1:

For phenomenology, the central feature of experience is a structure called "intentionality," which correlates all things experienced with the mode of experience to which the experience is referenced.

1986, Don Ihde, Experimental Phenomenology: An Introduction, page 23:

Causality in the Intentionality Model is in the agency of the child. It is the child who perceives, who apprehends, who constructs the intentional state, who acts to express it, and who interprets what others do (including what they say) to construct a new intentional state.

2001, Lois Bloom, Erin Tinker, Ellin Kofsky Scholnick, The Intentionality Model and Language Acquisition, page 10:

(philosophy) The characteristic of a mental state whereby it is about something, which relates to mental states in an analogous way as meaning relates to a word.


contradictory

Borrowed from Late Latin contradictorius, from Latin contradico.

If one proposition is the negation of another, it follows trivially from the definition that the two propositions are contradictories. The converse does not hold. Two propositions can be contradictories without either being the negation of the other. For example:
 3) John is more than six feet tall
and
 4) John is either exactly six feet tall or else less than six feet tall
 are contradictories, but neither is the negation of the other. Negation is one way, but not the only way, of forming a contradictory.

2001, Mark Sainsbury, chapter 1, in Logical Forms — An Introduction to Philosophical Logic, 2nd edition, Blackwell Publishing, →ISBN, §4, page 20:

(logic) Either of a pair of propositions, that cannot both be true or both be false.

نَقِيض

any of a pair of propositions, that cannot both be true or both be false


DM

DM (countable and uncountable, plural DMs)

Let ‘F’ stand for the state of affairs that consists in finite persons possessing and exercising free will. Let ‘p’ stand for ‘God exists’; ‘q’ for ‘F obtains’; ‘r’ for ‘F poses a serious risk of evil’; and ‘s’ for ‘There is no option available to God that counters F.’ With this in place, the argument may be formalized as follows:
(1) [(p & q) & r] → s Premiss
(2) ~s Premiss
(3) ~[(p & q) & r] 1, 2 MT
(4) ~(p & q) v ~r 3 DM
(5) r Premiss
(6) ~(p & q) 4, 5 DS
(7) ~p v ~q 6 DM
(3) follows from the conjunction of (1) and (2) by modus tollens; De Morgan’s law applied to (3) yields (4); (4) and (5) together lead to (6) by disjunctive syllogism; and another application of De Morgan’s law takes us from (6) to the final conclusion, according to which either God exists or there is free will (but not both).

2004 August, J. L. Schellenberg, “The Atheist’s Free Will Offence”, in International Journal for Philosophy of Religion, volume 56, № 1, pages 11-12:

dialectical materialism
dialectical materialism#English

(philosophy) Initialism of dialectical materialism.


ecumenism

ecumenisms (plural)
œcumenism (alternative)

(philosophy) Ecumenical doctrines and practices, especially as manifested in the ecumenical movement.


sublate

en-verb

sublate (third-person singular simple present sublates, present participle sublating, simple past and past participle sublated)

sublates (present singular third-person)
sublating (participle present)
sublated (participle past)
sublated (past)

From Latin sublatum, past participle of suffero.

(transitive, logic) To negate, deny or contradict.


panther

→ Maori: panata

→ Welsh: panther

From Middle English panter, panther, pantere, from Old French pantere, from Latin panthēra, from Ancient Greek πάνθηρ (pánthēr, “panther”).

der

(mythology, heraldry) A creature resembling a big cat, typically incensed (“emitting fire”), and often having a multicolored hide, found in Ancient Greek mythology and in medieval and later heraldry (in which its depiction sometimes approaches that of a horse).


incompatible

/ˌɪŋkəmˈpætɪbəl/

Incompatibles are consequents of contraries. For example, sleeping and waking are contraries, and snoring is associated with sleepers. So snoring and waking are incompatibles.

2004, Boethius, translated by Eleonore Stump, In Ciceronis Topica:

(philosophy) A consequent of a contrary.


contingency

en-noun

contingency (countable and uncountable, plural contingencies)

(logic, countable) A statement which is neither a tautology nor a contradiction.

kontingenssi

a statement which is neither a tautology nor a contradiction


consequent

Borrowed from Middle French conséquent, from Latin consequens, consequentem, present participle of consequi (“to follow”), from con- + sequi (“to follow”). Compare French conséquent.

(logic) The second half of a hypothetical proposition; Q, if the form of the proposition is "If P, then Q."

takajäsen

the second half of a hypothetical proposition


scholastic

scholastics (plural)
Scholastic (alternative)
scholastick (alternative)

Borrowed from Middle French scholastique, from Latin scholasticus, from Ancient Greek σχολαστικός (skholastikós).

der

(philosophy) A member of the medieval philosophical school of scholasticism; a medieval Christian Aristotelian.


scholastic

en-adj

scholastic (comparative more scholastic, superlative most scholastic)

more scholastic (comparative)
most scholastic (superlative)
Scholastic (alternative)
scholastick (alternative)

And hence it is that men, even when they are baffled and silenced in this scholastic way, are seldom or never convinced , and so brought over to the conquering side

1689 (indicated as 1690), [John Locke], An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding. […], London: […] Eliz[abeth] Holt, for Thomas Basset, […], →OCLC:

(philosophy) Of or relating to the philosophical tradition of scholasticism


scholasticism

en-noun

scholasticism (countable and uncountable, plural scholasticisms)

(philosophy) A tradition or school of philosophy, originating in the Middle Ages, that combines classical philosophy with Catholic theology.


Fenrir

Fenrir
Fenrir (moon)
Poetic Edda
Prose Edda

Borrowed from Old Norse Fenrir (“fen-dweller”), Fenrisúlfr (“Fenris wolf”).

bor+

Fenris (alternative)
Fenriswolf (alternative)

Lokasenna, stanzas 37-40, comprise an exchange between Týr and Loki. Loki boasts that Fenrir tore off Týr's arm; Týr responds that although he may be missing his hand, Loki is missing Hródrsvitnir, that is, the famous wolf, Fenrir.

2001, John Lindow, Handbook of Norse Mythology, ABC-CLIO, page 113:

Feared and misunderstood, Fenrir was the bringer of doom to the gods and was known as "an axe-age, a sword-age, a wind-age, a wolf-age before the wrecking of the world."

2009, Sarah Bartlett, The Mythology Bible, Sterling Publishing Co., page 294:

It is my own opinion that the Black Shuck is another manifestation of Fenrir, the large and terrible wolf, who is the eldest child of Loki and the giantess Angrboda.

2011, Nick Redfern, “Phantom Hounds of the Woods”, in Brad Steiger, editor, Real Monsters, Gruesome Critters, and Beasts from the Darkside, Visible Ink Press, page 46:

(Norse mythology) A monstrous wolf, one of Loki's offspring, who bites off Tyr's right hand while being bound by the gods in fear of a prophecy that he will kill Odin, remaining so bound until the events of Ragnarok.


turnstile

(mathematics, logic) The ⊢ symbol used to represent logical entailment (deducibility relation), especially of the syntactic type; i.e., syntactic consequence. (Such symbol can be read as "prove(s)" or "give(s)". )


Osiris

/əʊˈsaɪ.ɹɪs/

/əʉˈsɑɪ.ɹɪs/

/ɐʉˈsaɪ.ɹəs/

Borrowed from Latin Osīris, derived from Ancient Greek Ὄσῑρῐς (Ósīrĭs), derived from Egyptian wsjr.

der+

(Egyptian mythology) The Egyptian god of the dead and of the underworld.


oversoul

/ˈəʊvəˌsəʊl/

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-oversoul.wav

The Supreme Critic on all the errors of the past and the present, and the only prophet of that which must be, is that great nature in which we rest, as the earth lies in the soft arms of the atmosphere ; that Unity, that Over-Soul, within which every man's particular being is contained and made one with all other[…]

1841, Ralph Waldo Emerson, “The Over-Soul”, in Essays: Orations and Lectures, London: William Tegg and Co., published 1848, page 155:

(philosophy, especially in transcendentalism) A supreme reality or mind; the spiritual unity of all being.


noesis

en-noun

noesis (countable and uncountable, plural noeses)

noeses (plural)
noêsis (alternative)
noësis (alternative)
noēsis (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek νόησις (nóēsis, “concept”, “idea”, “intelligence”, “understanding”), from νοεῖν (noeîn, “to intend”, “to perceive”, “to see”, “to understand”) (from νοῦς (noûs, “mind”, “thought”), from νόος (nóos)) + -σις (-sis), suffix forming nouns of action.

lbor

en:exercise of reason, in Ancient Greek philosophy

(Greek philosophy) The exercise of reason.


noema

noemata (plural)
noêma (alternative)
noëma (alternative)
noēma (alternative)

From Ancient Greek νόημα (nóēma, “concept”, “idea”, “perception”, “thought”).

uder

"How is it that the noema can be both a sense and the intended objectivity itself? Husserl distinguishes three moments in the noema: the thetic characteristic (noematic correlate of the act-quality), the 'noematic' sense (the assimilation of the act-matter into the newly conceived intentional content), and the determined X (the "innermost moment" of the noema).

(philosophy) That which is perceived in the noesis/noema duality


adumbration

en-noun

adumbration (countable and uncountable, plural adumbrations)

Edmund Husserl
Lord Belhaven and Stenton
Plato
allegory of the cave

From Latin adumbrātiō (“sketch; outline, silhouette; pretence, semblance”) + -ion (suffix indicating a condition or state). Adumbrātiō is derived from adumbrāre (present active infinitive of adumbrō (“to represent an object with light and shade, to shade; to represent in outline, to outline, silhouette, sketch; to cast a shadow on, overshadow, shade; to copy, counterfeit, imitate”)) + -tiō (suffix forming nouns relating to actions or the results of actions). Adumbrō is derived from ad- (prefix meaning ‘to, towards’) + umbrō (“to cast a shadow, to shade; to overshadow”) (from umbra (“shade; shadow; ghost”)).

скица

faint sketch; brief representation, outline

Of necessity a physical thing can be given only "one-sidedly;" and that signifies, not just incompletely or imperfectly in some sense or other, but precisely what presentation by adumbrations prescribes.

1983, Edmund Husserl, “Consciousness and Natural Actuality”, in F. Kersten, transl., Ideas Pertaining to a Pure Phenomenology and to a Phenomenological Philosophy: First Book: General Introduction to a Pure Phenomenology, paperback edition, The Hague, Boston, Mass.: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers; Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, →ISBN, part 2 (The Considerations Fundamental to Phenomenology), §44 (Merely Phenomenal Being of Something Transcendent, Absolute Being of Something Immanent), page 94:

Just as the intentional horizon of the spatial object is made up of those adumbrations which would be implied were I to walk around the object and view it from different points of view, so the intentional horizon of the temporal object is made up of retentions and protensions.

1991, Christopher Macann, “The Impossibility of a Phenomenological Constitution of the Flux of Inner Time Consciousness”, in Presence and Coincidence: The Transformation of Transcendental into Ontological Phenomenology (Phaenomenologica; 119), Dordrecht: Springer Science+Business Media, →DOI, →ISBN, page 65:

Obviously, he [Edmund Husserl] assumes that adumbrations exist in consciousness and that they are real parts of the stream of conscious experiences. Otherwise he should have inferred from the thought-experiment of the destruction of the world that in this case consciousness would exist together with a chaotic stream of adumbrations.

1995, Herman Philipse, “Transcendental Idealism”, in Barry Smith, David Woodruff Smith, editors, The Cambridge Companion to Husserl, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: Cambridge University Press, published 1999 (reprint), →ISBN, page 258:

(countable, philosophy, specifically phenomenology) The form of an object as seen by an observer.


Golden Fleece

[ˈɡɒʊ̯ɫ.dn̩ ˈfliːs]

(Greek mythology) A magical fleece from a winged ram guarded by the hydra in the tale of Jason and the Argonauts.


sentential

(linguistics, law, philosophy) Relating to a sentence.


Capricorn

/ˈkæp.ɹɪˌkɔːn/

/ˈkæp.ɹɪˌkɔɹn/

(astrology): The zodiac sign for the goat, ruled by Saturn and covering December 22 – January 20 (tropical astrology) or January 15 – February 14 (sidereal astrology).


Arian

From Aries + -ian, from Latin aries (“ram”).

(astrology) Synonym of Aries, a person born under the influence of Aries.


Arian

en-adj

Arian (comparative more Arian, superlative most Arian)

more Arian (comparative)
most Arian (superlative)

The Arian nature is to create the idea...

1917, Herbert T. Waite, Compendium of Natal Astrology and Universal Ephemeris, page 39:

(astrology) Of or related to Aries, its nature, and its influence.


Athenian

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From Latin athēniēnsis; compare Middle English Athenyensis pl and Old English Athēniense pl. By surface analysis, Athens + -ian.

(Greek mythology) Of or related to Athena, the Greek goddess of wisdom, technology, and skillful warfare.


mythologic

mythologic (comparative more mythologic, superlative most mythologic)

more mythologic (comparative)
most mythologic (superlative)

(mythology) Of or pertaining to mythology


Pleiades

From Latin Pleiades, from Ancient Greek Πλειάδες (Pleiádes). In the astronomical sense, displaced Old English seofonstierre (literally “the seven stars”).

ncog

(Greek mythology) The "seven sisters", companions of Artemis and daughters of the Titan Atlas and the sea-nymph Pleione.


Pollux

From Latin Pollūx, from Ancient Greek Πολυδεύκης (Poludeúkēs).

(Greek mythology) One of the Dioscuri, son of Zeus and Leda, brother of Castor.


Hyades

From Middle English Hyades, Yades, from Latin Hyades, from Ancient Greek Ὑάδες (Huádes), nominative and vocative plural of Ὑ̄̆ᾰ́ς (Hū̆ắs, “one of the Hyades”).

(Greek mythology) Daughters of the Titan Atlas and sisters of the Pleiades.


DS

en-noun

DS (countable and uncountable, plural DSs or DSes)

DSs (plural)
DSes (plural)
D. S. (alternative)
D.S. (alternative)

(logic) Initialism of disjunctive syllogism.


epistemological

en-adj

epistemological (comparative more epistemological, superlative most epistemological)

more epistemological (comparative)
most epistemological (superlative)

/ɪˌpɪstəməˈlɒd͡ʒɪkl̩/

/ɪˌpɪstəməˈlɑd͡ʒəkəl/

The epistemological position of Ritschl, in our author's exposition of it, is little more than idealistic rationalism.

1898, E. A. Read, “Review of Vergleich der dogmatischen Systeme von R. A. Lipsius und A. Ritschl”, in The American Journal of Theology, volume 2, number 1, page 190:

In the period from Spinoza to the end of the 19th century, the reading of design into nature received such devastating attacks from naturalists to non-naturalists alike that there developed an epistemological neurosis which Von Baer aptly termed “teleophobia.”

1952, D. Maurice Allan, “Towards a Natural Teleology”, in The Journal of Philosophy, volume 49, number 13, →DOI:

My conclusion dovetails with Fasold's conclusion, which is based on a quite different, more epistemological kind of argument.

1991, Walt Wolfram, “The Linguistic Variable: Fact and Fantasy”, in American Speech, volume 66, number 1, page 31:

Of or pertaining to epistemology or theory of knowledge, as a field of study.

epistemològic

of or pertaining to epistemology or theory of knowledge, as a field of study

The reality which thus emerges is the outcome of the epistemological process in which the mind conceptually structures a given content.

1969, Sandra B. Rosenthal, “The 'World' of C. I. Lewis”, in Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, volume 29, number 4, page 590:

Synonym of epistemic (“of or relating to cognition or knowledge, its scope, or how it is acquired”)


analytic

analytic (comparative more analytic, superlative most analytic)

more analytic (comparative)
most analytic (superlative)
analytick (alternative)

/ˌænəˈlɪtɪk/

From Ancient Greek ἀναλυτικός (analutikós).

(logic, of a proposition) that follows necessarily by definition; tautologous.


percept

Borrowed from Latin perceptum, neuter of perceptus (“perceived”), past participle of percipiō (“to perceive”); see perceive.

Whether it might not, in like manner, be proper to introduce the term percept for the object of perception, I shall not at present inquire.

1860, William Hamilton, Lectures in Metaphysics, III.3:

(philosophy, psychology, now rare) Something perceived; the object of perception.

I see an inkstand on the table: that is a percept. Moving my head, I get a different percept of the inkstand.

1901, Charles Sanders Peirce, Grammar of Science:

So far as in that world it is a stable feature, holds ink, marks paper and obeys the guidance of a hand, it is a physical pen. [...] So far as it is instable, on the contrary, coming and going with the movements of my eyes, altering with what I call my fancy, continuous with subsequent experiences of its ‘having been’ (in the past tense), it is the percept of a pen in my mind.

1905, William James, “How Two Minds Can Know One Thing”, in Journal of Philosophy, Psychology and Scientific Methods:

Socrates remarks that when he is well he finds wine sweet, but when ill, sour. Here it is a change in the percipient that causes the change in the percept.

1946, Bertrand Russell, History of Western Philosophy:

(philosophy, psychology, linguistics) A perceived object as it exists in the mind of someone perceiving it; the mental impression that is the result of perceiving something.


Pterelas

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-Pterelas.wav

(Greek mythology) King of the Teleboans in Plautus' Amphitruo.


Hellen

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-Hellen.wav

(Greek mythology) the mythological patriarch of the Hellenes, the son of Deucalion (or sometimes Zeus) and Pyrrha, brother of Amphictyon and father of Aeolus, Xuthus, and Dorus


therianthrope

/ˈθɛɹ.i.ənˌθɹoʊp/

From Ancient Greek θηρίον (thēríon, “wild beast”) + Ancient Greek ἄνθρωπος (ánthrōpos, “man”).

af

Among the depictions are a black rhinoceros, the body of an antelope covered by a red line, two white animals with black stripes that may be zebras, and a therianthrope. The therianthrope (Figure 9.11) appears to have a feline body with human hind legs that may have been added after the original legs had faded somewhat (Wendt 1974:27).

2016, Carmel Schrire, Past and Present in Hunter Gatherer Studies, Routledge, →ISBN:

One appears to have a large beak while another has an appendage resembling a tail. In the language of archaeology, these are therianthropes, or characters that embody a mix of human and animal characteristics. […] The otherworldly nature of the therianthropes also raises the possibility that they are mythical beings, or manifestations of “animal spirit helpers” that are common in shamanic beliefs, according to the study.

2019 December 11, Becky Ferreira, “Mythical Beings May Be Earliest Imaginative Cave Art by Humans”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

(mythology) Any mythical being which is part human, part animal.

homme-bête

any mythical being which is part human, part animal


inductive

en-adj

inductive (comparative more inductive, superlative most inductive)

more inductive (comparative)
most inductive (superlative)

From Middle French inductif, from Late Latin inductivus.

(logic) Of, or relating to logical induction, by generalizing a universal claim or principle from the observed particular instances.


disutility

en-noun

disutility (countable and uncountable, plural disutilities)


Jainism

(philosophy) A nontheistic heterodox Indian philosophy


dirimens copulatio

From Latin dirimēns cōpulātiō (“separating connection”).

bor

(logic, rhetoric) Mentioning a balancing or opposing fact to prevent the argument from being one-sided or unqualified.


Ceto

From Ancient Greek Κητώ (Kētṓ); see also κῆτος (kêtos, “sea monster”). Compare Cetus.

(Greek mythology) A primordial sea goddess, wife of Phorcys and mother of numerous monsters including Echidna and the gorgons.


Cepheus

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(Greek mythology) Husband of Cassiopeia, king of Eritrea, father of Andromeda. There may be two mythical kings by this name.


Cassiopeia

kăs′ē-ō-pē′yə

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-Cassiopeia.wav

From Latin Cassiopēia, from Ancient Greek Κασσιόπεια (Kassiópeia) or Κασσιόπη (Kassiópē).

(Greek mythology) Proud wife of Cepheus and mother of Andromeda, queen of Ethiopia. When she boasted that her beauty was equal to that of the Nereids, she was punished by Poseidon.


peri

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish پری (peri), from Persian پری (pari).

bor+

He sent a Peri to Chundum Dew with a message: "If you wish to live, release the mortal in your power: if not, every demon in your service will immediately be put to the sword."

January-June 1829, “The Adventures of Hatim-Beni-Tye”, in The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register for British India and Its Dependencies, volume 27, page 549:

In an hour they hovered above Hampstead Heath, and the peri looked down for a lonely spot where she might alight in the sulphurous gloom of a dog-day sunset too blinding for anyone to look at […]

March 16 1916, Alfred Richard Orage, Arthur Moore, The New Age: A Weekly Review of Politics, Literature and Art, page 473:

The Padishah's son was also there, and he realized that the peri looked very familiar.

2008, A Fire in My Heart: Kurdish Tales, page 75:

(Iranian mythology) A sprite or supernatural being.


Polish notation

After the nationality of the logician Jan Łukasiewicz

In Polish Notation, the connectives are placed before the wffs. The virtue of this sentence is that its grammar is simpler, for it has no need for parentheses. Sider’s examples: (P ∧ Q) → R and P ∧ (Q → R) become → ∧PQR and ∧P → QR.
If you actually look at a text in this tradition, you’ll find something slightly different. “C” stands for “consequence”, i.e., implication (→) and “N” for negation (∼).
So,consider the following from Tarski and Łukasiewicz’s Investigations into the Sentential Calculus. The claim there is that there are three axioms:
 ‘CCpqCCqrCpr’
 ‘CCNppp’
 ‘CpCNpq’

2009, Brandon C. Look, “Symbolic Logic II, Lecture 6”, in www.uky.edu/~look, archived from the original on 2011-11-09:

(arithmetic, logic) A notation for arithmetic (and logical) formulae in which operations (respectively, quantifiers and operands) are written immediately before their operands, used to avoid the need for parentheses; for example, 3 * (4 + 7) is written as * 3 + 4 7 and A AND B is written as AND A B.


Fornax

Named by the French astronomer Nicolas Louis de Lacaille. Originally called Fornāx Chemica,
From the Latin for "chemical furnace".

(Roman mythology) The Roman goddess of ovens.


realist

Aristotle's own doctrine is far from clear. It was this lack of clarity that made possible the medieval controversy between nominalists and realists.

1946, Bertrand Russell, History of Western Philosophy, I.19:

(philosophy) An advocate of realism; one who believes that matter, objects etc. have real existence beyond our perception of them.


Apollonian

en-adj

Apollonian (comparative more Apollonian, superlative most Apollonian)

more Apollonian (comparative)
most Apollonian (superlative)

/æpəˈləʊnɪ.ən/

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From Latin Apollō (Apollōn-) + -ian and Apollonius/Apollonia + -an.

You have your lovers - dusky beaus / Not made of the poetic stuff / That sports an Apollonian nose, / And wears a sleek Byronic cuff.

1877, Henry Kendall, “Ode to a Black Gin”, in The Australian Town and Country Journal, page 24:

The forces of nature is a major theme embodied in the two main goddess characters. The "northern woman" is Appollonian ^([sic]) in her nature — cold, reserved, quiet, identified with the moon; the "southern woman" is Dionysian — passionate, a sun goddess.

1979 August 4, Linda Stein, “Stopping Short of Self-Awareness”, in Gay Community News, page 18:

Marty and I often discussed the choice we all have in controlling our cognition. We referred to harnessing this power as "the Apollonian state", after Apollo, the Greek god of the sun and light and truth. In the Apollonian state you could use reason to move away from despairing beliefs―it's never going to change, it's all my fault, there must be something wrong with me―and towards more empowered thinking.

2021, Lisa Miller, The Awakened Brain, Ch.2, at p.37

(Greek mythology) Of or relating to the ancient Olympian Greek God Apollo.


epiphenomenon

en-noun

epiphenomenon (plural epiphenomena or (nonstandard) epiphenomenons)

epiphenomena (plural)
epiphenomenons (nonstandard plural)
epiphaenomenon (alternative)
epiphænomenon (alternative)

/ˌɛpɪfəˈnɒmɪnən/

/ˌɛpəfəˈnɑməˌnɑn/

/ˌɛpɪfəˈnɒmɪnə/

/ˌɛpəfəˈnɑmənə/

PIE word
 *h₁epi
From epi- (prefix meaning ‘above, on, over; in addition to’) + phenomenon. Phenomenon is derived from Late Latin phaenomenon (“appearance”), from Ancient Greek φαινόμενον (phainómenon, “thing that appears in one’s view; appearance; phenomenon”), a noun use of the neuter singular form of φαινόμενος (phainómenos), the present middle or passive participle of φαίνω (phaínō, “to cause to appear; to reveal, show, uncover; to expound”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (“to glow with light, to shine”).
The plural epiphenomena is derived from epi- + phenomena.

der

It is a necessary corollary of the view here advanced that in instinct as such consciousness is a mere epiphenomenon—a by-product, with no bearing whatever on the performance of the activity in so far as it is instinctive.

1894, C[onwy] Lloyd Morgan, “Instinct and Intelligence”, in Havelock Ellis, editor, An Introduction to Comparative Psychology (The Contemporary Science Series), London: Walter Scott, […], →OCLC, page 208:

According to this hypothesis, mind is a ‘collateral product’ of the physical, an ‘epiphænomenon’ accompanying, but never causally affecting, the physical series of phænomena.

1900 April, “Art. VIII.—Ward’s ‘Naturalism and Agnosticism.’ Naturalism and Agnosticism. The Gifford Lectures Delivered before the University of Aberdeen in the Years 1896–1989. By James Ward, […]. 2 vols. (London, 1899.) [book review]”, in The Church Quarterly Review, volume L, number XCIX, London: Spottiswoode & Co., →OCLC, page 133:

From the monistic standpoint there is a choice between two possible alternatives; either consciousness is a form of energy, like heat, etc., or it is merely a so-called epiphenomenon. […] It is essential to have a clear notion of what is meant by an epiphenomenon. […] It designates an accompanying incident of a process which is assumed to have no causal relation to the further development of the process. […] For many years I have tried to recognize some actual idea underneath the epiphenomenon hypothesis of consciousness, but it more and more seems clear to me that there is no idea at all, and that the hypothesis is an empty phrase, a subterfuge, which really amounts only to this—we can explain consciousness very easily by merely assuming that it does not require to be explained at all.

1902 August, Charles Sedgwick Minot, “The Problem of Consciousness in Its Biological Aspects”, in The Popular Science Monthly, volume LXL, number 4, New York, N.Y.: The Science Press, →OCLC, page 291:

(philosophy, psychology) A mental process or state that is an incidental by-product of physiological events in the brain or nervous system.

epifenomeno

metal process or state that is an incidental by-product of physiological events in the brain or nervous system


domal

(dated, astrology) Of or relating to an astrological house.


stateless

無狀態 /无状态

(computer science) without remembering state

(philosophy, politics) Neither believing in nor supporting the idea of nations.


Canopus

(Greek mythology) The pilot of King Menelaus's ship in the Iliad.


instrumentalism

en-noun

instrumentalism (countable and uncountable, plural instrumentalisms)

Instrumentalism views truth as simply the value belonging to certain ideas in so far as these ideas are biological functions of our organisms, and psychological functions whereby we direct our choices and attain our successes.

1908, Josiah Royce, The Problem of Truth in Light of Recent Discussion:

(philosophy) In the philosophy of science, the view that concepts and theories are merely useful instruments whose worth is measured not by whether the concepts and theories are true or false (or correctly depict reality), but how effective they are in explaining and predicting phenomena.


Mercurian

When a Mercurian is connected with the arts, it is often possible to discern a lack of the heavy, thoroughgoing seriousness which some artists seem to feel is the least that life deserves.

The thumb of a Mercurian has a tendency to be stiff, as they love money and may have difficulty sharing it.

2000, Madame La Roux, The Practice of Classical Palmistry, →ISBN, page 113:

Unfortunately yellow color is not unusual to find in the palm of a Mercurian.

2016, Ellen Goldberg, Dorian Bergen, The Art and Science of Hand Reading, →ISBN:


Plutonian

en-adj

Plutonian (comparative more Plutonian, superlative most Plutonian)

more Plutonian (comparative)
most Plutonian (superlative)
plutonian (alternative)

The adjective is derived from Latin Plūtōnius (“of or relating to Pluto, Greek and Roman god of the underworld”) + -an (suffix forming adjectives). Plūtōnius is from Ancient Greek Πλουτώνιος (Ploutṓnios, “of or relating to Pluto”), from Πλούτων (Ploútōn, “Pluto”) (from πλοῦτος (ploûtos, “riches, wealth”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *plew- (“to fly; to flow; to run”)) + -ων (-ōn)) + -ιος (-ios, suffix forming adjectives). The English word is cognate with Middle French plutonien (modern French plutonien). The noun is derived from the adjective.

plutonien

of, pertaining to, or supporting plutonism — see also Plutonic

[…] he through the midſt unmarkt, / In ſhew Plebeian Angel militant / Of loweſt order, paſt; and from the dore / Of that Plutonian Hall, inviſible / Aſcended his high Throne, […]

1674, John Milton, “Book X”, in Paradise Lost. […], 2nd edition, London: […] S[amuel] Simmons […], →OCLC, page 264:

["]Ghastly grim and ancient raven wandering from the Nightly shore— / Tell me what thy lordly name is on the Night's Plutonian shore!" / Quoth the raven, "Nevermore."

1845 February, — Quarles [pseudonym; Edgar Allan Poe], “The Raven”, in The American Review, volume I, number II, New York, N.Y., London: Wiley & Putnam, […], →OCLC, page 144:

You rise by candle-light or gaslight, swearing / There never was a climate made like ours; / If rashly you go out to take an airing, / The soot-flakes come in black Plutonian show'rs.

1882 December 30, “A London Fog”, in Punch, or The London Charivari, volume 83, London: Published at the office, 85, Fleet Street, →OCLC, page 301, column 1:

Cotopaxi is striking not only because it looks like a science fiction conception of another planet; it also is the least realistic among [Frederic Edwin] Church's paintings of the area. […] Below the fiery sun is a lake with a barren shore. As such, the sun hangs over a Plutonian landscape.

2008, Rodrigo Lazo, “The Ends of Enchantment: Douglass, Melville, and U.S. Expansionism in the Americas”, in Robert S[teven] Levine, Samuel Otter, editors, Frederick Douglass & Herman Melville: Essays in Relation, Chapel Hill, N.C.: University of North Carolina Press, →ISBN, part I (Literary and Cultural Geographies), page 210:

(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) Of or relating to Pluto, the Greek and Roman god of the underworld; demonic, infernal.

Plutoniin liittyvä

of or relating to Pluto, the Greek and Roman god of the underworld


Plutonian

From Pluto (“dwarf planet in the Solar System”) + -n- + -ian (suffix forming adjectives meaning ‘from, related to, or like’, or nouns meaning ‘one belonging to, relating to, or like’), probably influenced by Plutonian (“of or relating to Pluto, Greek and Roman god of the underworld”) (see etymology 1).

affix

Another and perhaps more Plutonian view of this would be that David's bondage to his mother and the codes of behaviour which she set for him had extended throughout his life, in both profes[s]ional and personal spheres; and that bondage now had an opportunity of loosening, with all the attendant consequences.

1985, Liz Greene, “Fate and Synchronicity”, in The Astrology of Fate, Boston, Mass.: Weiser Books, Red Wheel/Weiser, →ISBN, page 293:

The notion of toxicity is a useful one in our effort to understand the further implications of Pluto in the USA chart. [...] Factor in what we have learned about the second house and we get another meaning of waste, related but distinctly more Plutonian: debris that poses an elimination problem once its value has been used up.

2006 October 6, Jessica Murray, “Power Madness: Pluto and American Hegemony”, in Soul-sick Nation: An Astrologer’s View of America, Bloomington, Ind., Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire: AuthorHouse, →ISBN, page 41:

(astrology) Pertaining to the astrological influence of Pluto, formerly regarded as a planet.

Plutoon liittyvä

pertaining to the astrological influence of Pluto, formerly regarded as a planet


Plutonian

If you are a Plutonian and some of these traits emphatically do not fit you, just let them go and take what is helpful and descriptive of you personally. What will be given is a composite picture, based on working with a great many Plutonians over the years. Plutonians who are negatively inclined are often very guarded and rigid, afraid to let others get close. [...] There are Plutonians who operate predominantly on the positive level—healing, transforming, transmuting themselves and those around them.

1986, Donna Cunningham, “The Personality and Character of the Plutonian”, in Healing Pluto Problems, Boston, Mass.: Weiser Books, Red Wheel/Weiser, →ISBN, page 28:

(astrology) A person under the astrological influence of Pluto, formerly regarded as a planet.


ens

From Late Latin ēns (“thing”), from esse (“to be”). See entity.

Forms sphered in fire with trembling light array'd, / Ens without weight, and substance without shade […].

1791, Erasmus Darwin, The Economy of Vegetation, J. Johnson, page 41:

the Nature of the Supreme Ens

1860, John Henry Macmahon, A treatise on metaphysics: chiefly in reference to revealed religion, page 195:

(philosophy) An entity or being; an existing thing, as opposed to a quality or attribute.


Enceladus

From Latin Enceladus, from Ancient Greek Ἐγκέλαδος (Enkélados).

(Greek mythology) A giant in Greek mythology.


Wadjet

Borrowed from Egyptian wAD-t-I12 (wꜣḏt, “Wadjet”, literally “green one”), an allusion to the skin of the cobra. Doublet of Buto.

bor+

<i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">wꜣḏt</i>

(Egyptian mythology) The patron goddess and namesake of the Ancient Egyptian city of Per-Wadjet, known as Buto to the Greeks. Wadjet takes the form of a cobra and is associated with the Eye of Horus.


XOR

The XOR of (0,0) is 0; (0,1) is 1; (1,0) is 1; and (1,1) is 0.

(logic) The connective "exclusive or". One way to state its meaning in plain English is "if either A or B, but not if both."


quantifier

Appendix:Roget MICRA thesaurus/Class I § 4. Unsubstantiality

Appendix:Roget MICRA thesaurus/Class I § 78. Generality

Appendix:Roget MICRA thesaurus/Class I § 100. Plurality

Appendix:Roget MICRA thesaurus/Class I § 101. Zero

Appendix:Roget MICRA thesaurus/Class I § 102. Multitude

Appendix:Roget MICRA thesaurus/Class I § 103. Fewness

Appendix:Roget MICRA thesaurus/Class I § 105. Infinity

universal quantifier
universal quantifier

existential quantifier
existential quantifier

(logic) An operator, such as the universal quantifier (written as ∀) or the existential quantifier (∃), used in predicate calculus to indicate the degree that predicate is true for a specified set.


NAND

Blend of NOT + AND, by analogy with NOR reinterpreted as NOT + OR or negation + OR

(logic) A binary operator composite of NOT AND; negation of AND function.


thymotic

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-thymotic.wav

The truth of humanity, in other words, has arisen from conflicts that are essentially 'thymotic', that is, concerned with the conditions of ethical, political, and moral recognition.

2013, Ross Abbinnett, Politics of Happiness: Connecting the Philosophical Ideas of Hegel, Nietzsche and Derrida to the Political Ideologies of Happiness:

(philosophy) Of, of related to the thymos.


repeater

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-repeater.wav

(ufology) A person who regularly sees unexplained sightings of paranormal phenomena.

avvistatore

a person who regularly sees unexplained sightings of paranormal phenomena


thymos

Ancient Greek θῡμός (thūmós, “soul, heart”). Doublet of thymus and fume.

uder

(philosophy, in Platonic philosophy) that area of the soul where feelings of pride, indignation, shame etc are located


Alcmene

From Latin Alcmēnē, from Ancient Greek Ἀλκμήνη (Alkmḗnē).

(Greek mythology) Descendant of Perseus and Andromeda, the wife of Amphitryon, and mother, by Zeus, of Heracles/Hercules.

Ալկմենե

the wife of Amphitryon and mother, by Zeus, of Heracles


perfectionist

I have read in some of our perfectionists enough to make a better man than myself either run into madness or despair about the grace you mention […].

1748, [Samuel Richardson], “Letter CXVI”, in Clarissa. Or, The History of a Young Lady: […], volume (please specify |volume=I to VII), London: […] S[amuel] Richardson; […], →OCLC:

(philosophy, now rare) Someone who thinks that religious or moral perfection can be attained in this life.


perfectionist

en-adj

perfectionist (comparative more perfectionist, superlative most perfectionist)

more perfectionist (comparative)
most perfectionist (superlative)

(philosophy) Inclined or related to perfectionism.


supererogation

en-noun

supererogation (countable and uncountable, plural supererogations)

/ˌs(j)uːpəɹɛɹəˈɡeɪʃ(ə)n/

From Late Latin superērogātiō (“payment in addition”), from superērogāre (“to pay in addition”), from super (“in addition to”) + ērogāre (“to pay, pay out, expend, disburse”), equivalent to supererogate + -ion.

uder

For now let us look at the supererogation which would be contrasted with mutual aid. […] [T]here would be two fundamental types of supererogation. Supererogation 1 focuses on the same sorts of situations and the same sorts of aid covered by mutual aid, but removes the limit on the cost to the giver: […] Supererogation number 2 focuses not on situations where basic needs are threatened, but on well-being, […]

1982, John P. Reeder, Jr., “Beneficence, Supererogation, and Role Duty”, in Earl E. Shelp, editor, Beneficence and Health Care (Philosophy and Medicine; 11), Dordrecht: D. Reidel Publishing Company, →DOI, →ISBN, page 93:

According to standard definitions of supererogation, acts are supererogatory if and only if they are neither morally obligatory nor morally prohibited, but nevertheless have moral value (are morally good, etc.).

1992, Phillip Montague, “Beneficence and Supererogation”, in In the Interests of Others: An Essay in Moral Philosophy (Philosophical Studies; 55), Dordrecht: Springer Science+Business Media, →DOI, →ISBN:

Exposing one's self to a severely communicable disease in order to alleviate that individual's suffering, e.g., working in a tubercular ward in the early part of this century, or working in an AIDS hospice today, could be seen as supererogations of type one. Providing cosmetic surgery, not as the repair of a disfigurement caused by accident or injury, but simply to enhance one's features, or providing Human Growth Hormone so one may not be considered short, would be examples of supererogations of type two.

2001, Robert M. Timko, Clinical Ethics: Due Care and the Principle of Nonmaleficence, Lanham, Md.: University Press of America, →ISBN, pages 120–121:

Supererogation is the technical term for the class of actions that go “beyond the call of duty.” Roughly speaking, supererogatory acts are morally good although not (strictly) required. […] Surprisingly, the history of supererogation in non-religious ethical theory is fairly recent, starting only in 1958 with J. O. Urmson's seminal article, “Saints and Heroes.”

2016 spring, David Heyd, “Supererogation”, in Edward N. Zalta, editor, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy:

(philosophy) An action that is neither morally forbidden nor required, but has moral value.


placement

en-noun

placement (countable and uncountable, plural placements)

(astrology) The zodiacal region of the sky in which the sun, moon, or a planet appears at the time and place of a person's birth.


Anthea

From Ancient Greek ἄνθη (ánthē, “blossom”).

(Greek mythology) The epithet of the Greek goddess Hera


timestream

timestreams (plural)
time stream (alternative)

By killing his great-grandfather, the time traveller disrupted the timestream.

The slightest excess of effort might upset the balance at any point of the time stream, sending them backward into the past or forward into the future independently of my will.

[1931 December, Eric Temple Bell, “The Time Stream”, in Wonder Stories:

The timestream is littered with these blank areas.

Two different timestreams running parallel but at different speeds. Amy, you're in a faster timestream.

2011, Tom MacRae, “The Girl Who Waited”, in Nick Hurran, director, Doctor Who, season 6, episode 10, spoken by The Doctor (Matt Smith):

(science fiction, mythology) A metaphorical conception of time as a stream, or flowing body of water.


historicity

historicity (usually uncountable, plural historicities)

Probably from French historicité, or from Latin historicus + -ity. Equivalent to historic + -ity.

This particular school places great emphasis on the historicity of ideas, practices, or institutions.

A superficial impression of Asia may be of disorder, whereas this condition is in fact the immediate historicity that speaks for an undertheorised heteroglossia.

2017, Francis Chia-Hui Lin, Architectural Theorisations and Phenomena in Asia, page 194:

(philosophy) The characteristic of having appeared or developed in history, as opposed to being natural or universal.

史實性 /史实性

characteristic of having appeared in history


peng

From romanizations of the Mandarin pronunciation of Chinese 鵬 /鹏 (péng).

(Chinese mythology) A legendary enormous bird.


moly

moly (countable and uncountable, plural molies)

From Latin mōly, from Ancient Greek μῶλυ (môlu) (probably a loanword).

It excels Homers moly, cures this, falling sickness, and almost all other infirmities.

1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition II, section 4, member 1, subsection iii:

Or, propt on beds of amaranth and moly, / How sweet (while warm airs lull us, blowing lowly,)

1832 December (indicated as 1833), Alfred Tennyson, “The Lotos-Eaters”, in Poems, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, page 114:

So spoke the Radiant One; then gave me the magic herb, pulling it from the ground and showing me in what form it grew; its root was black, its flower milk-white. Its name among the gods is moly.

1980, Homer, translated by Walter Shrewing, The Odyssey, Oxford, published 1998, page 120:

I would need all the secret herbs of Dicte […] . I would need as well the rest of my moly stores.

2018, Madeline Miller, Circe, Bloomsbury 2019, p. 113

(Greek mythology) A magic herb or plant used by Odysseus to overcome Circe.


sisterhood

sisterhood (countable and uncountable, plural sisterhoods)

From Middle English susterhede; equivalent to sister + -hood (with a modification in the suffix).

What does the rallying cry of sisterhood and the concept of feminism mean when last year, the majority of white, female voters chose whiteness as a political identity over womanhood?

2017 September 23, Kaitlyn Greenidge, “‘Sisterhood’ Felt Meaningless. So My Sisters and I Got in the Car.”, in The New York Times:

(feminism) The idea of universal experience amongst women, regardless of other traits or factors. (Considered obsolete in third-wave feminism.)

sororidade

feminism: the idea of universal experience amongst women


mindstream

(Buddhist philosophy) The succession of moments of consciousness proceeding endlessly from lifetime to lifetime.


Palladian

From Latin Palladius (“of or relating to Pallas”) + -an (suffix forming adjectives from nouns). Palladius is derived from Pallas (from Ancient Greek Παλλάς (Pallás), genitive Παλλάδος (Palládos), an epithet of Athena, the Greek goddess of wisdom) + -ius (suffix forming adjectives from nouns).

suffix

[I]f in this the moſt conſummat act of his fidelity and ripeneſſe, no years, no induſtry, no former proof of his abilities can bring him to that ſtate of maturity, as not to be ſtill miſtruſted and ſuſpected, unleſſe he carry all his conſiderat diligence, all his midnight watchings, and expence of Palladian oyl, to the haſty view of an unleaſur'd licencer, perhaps much his younger, perhaps far his inferiour in judgement, [...]

1644, John Milton, Areopagitica; a Speech of Mr. John Milton for the Liberty of Unlicenc’d Printing, to the Parlament of England, London: [s.n.], →OCLC, page 21:

I dwell upon this point, in the view of explaining and, as to one letter, correcting a memorable passage of Sophocles concerning the Palladian olive tree; in which he says, that it is a plant, preserved by Jove and Athena, in order to confound the enemies of Athens, and adds "that no man, young or old, (i.e. now or ever,) shall render it vain and of none effect, by pointing it out with his finger to the Persians."

1828, [Algernon Herbert], “Ba-bel”, in Nimrod: A Discourse on Certain Passages of History and Fable, volume I, London: Printed for Richard Priestley, →OCLC, pages 192–193:

She threw forward her arms, as if with spear and buckler. Miss Barfoot was smiling at this Palladian attitude when a servant announced two ladies, Mrs. Smallbrook and Miss Haven.

1893, George Gissing, “A Camp of the Reserve”, in The Odd Women […], volume I, London: Lawrence & Bullen […], →OCLC, page 145:

the figure for Palladian wisdom and chastity

2001, Charles Dempsey, Inventing the Renaissance Putto, University of North Carolina Press, page 176:

Where mentioned at all in historical discussions it [Elizabethan drama] is typically in passing, with the primary focus either on the continuity that Tudor drama has with the medieval folk drama, or simply on that drama itself, as virtually a Palladian birth in the reign of Elizabeth [I], fathered indeed by the great Zeus of the Renaissance [William Shakespeare], as most commentators recognize, but in whose original inspiration the contribution of the discipline of rhetoric specifically is not apparently of special moment.

2004, Trevor McNeely, “Rhetoric, Theater, Poetry, and Shakespeare”, in Proteus Unmasked: Sixteenth-century Rhetoric and the Art of Shakespeare, Bethlehem, Pa.: Lehigh University Press; Cranbury, N.J.; London: Associated University Presses, →ISBN, page 50:

(Greek mythology, rare) Of or relating to Pallas, an epithet of Athena, the goddess of wisdom, and potentially to other female Greek figures such as Pallas the daughter of Triton and granddaughter of Poseidon.


enthymeme

/ˈɛnθɪˌmiːm/

From Ancient Greek ἐνθύμημα (enthúmēma, “thought, consideration”), from ἐν (en, “within, with”) + θυμός (thumós, “soul, life”).

uder

(logic) A syllogism with a required but unstated assumption.

enthymeem

syllogism with required but unstated assumption


pluralism

en-noun

pluralism (countable and uncountable, plural pluralisms)

Due to pluralism and conflicts within the good itself, such perfection, for Berlin, is not possible. A compromise does not bring us closer to a higher telos in history.

2006, Connie Aarsbergen-Ligtvoet, Isaiah Berlin: A Value Pluralist and Humanist View of Human Nature and the Meaning of Live, →ISBN:

Pluralism is a creative force because it admits of multiple ways to see a thing, multiple valuable paths to choose from.

2016, Stuart Firestein, Failure: Why Science is So Successful, page 217:

(philosophy) The belief that values can be simultaneously antagonistic and incommensurable.

2014, Salvatore Florio, “Untyped Pluralism”, in Mind, volume 123, number 490, pages 317–337:

2015, Michael Rieppel, “Pluralities and Plural Logic”, in Analysis, volume 75, number 3, pages 504–514:

(philosophy) The belief that a plural predicate refers to its individuals rather than to a collective.


remotion

remotion (countable and uncountable, plural remotions)

From Old French or directly from Latin remōtiō.

This act persuades me / That this remotion of the Duke and her / Is practice only.

c. 1603–1606, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of King Lear”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene ii]:

A syllogism disjunctive from the enumeration of the parts is that, in which from the remotion of all the parts the remotion of the whole is concluded.

1847, Murray's Compendium of logic, with a corrected Latin text, page 155:

We may proceed from the remotion of the consequent to the remotion of the antecedent.

1857, John Daniel Morell, Handbook of logic, page 51:

The remotion of Cr3+ from the wastewater prevents its possible oxidation.

2003, 2001. a Clay Odyssey, →ISBN, page 619:

(especially logic, largely obsolete) Removal.


legalism

legalism (countable and uncountable, plural legalisms)

(Chinese philosophy) Alternative letter-case form of Legalism


Kourotrophos

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek κουροτρόφος (kourotróphos, “rearing boys” or “bringing up boys”).

lbor

Several Greek deities have a title *Kourotrophos, meaning ‘concerned with child-rearing’, but no Greek or Roman goddess is specifically concerned with lactation and there are few examples in art of the ‘nursing goddess’.

2012, The Oxford Classical Dictionary, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 249:

(Greek mythology) divine epithet meaning "concerned with child-rearing"

(Greek mythology) Ancient Greek goddess whose functions pertained to child-rearing


epiphenomenal

en-adj

epiphenomenal (comparative more epiphenomenal, superlative most epiphenomenal)

more epiphenomenal (comparative)
most epiphenomenal (superlative)

/ˌɛpɪfɪˈnɒmɪnəl/

If qualia are epiphenomenal in the standard philosophical sense, their occurrence can't explain the way things happen (in the material world) since, by definition, things would happen exactly the same without them.

2002, Daniel Dennett, “‘Epiphenomenal’ Qualia?”, in Neil Campbell, editor, Mental Causation and the Metaphysics of Mind: A Reader, Broadview, page 211:

(philosophy, psychology) Of or pertaining to a mental process that occurs only as an incidental effect of electrical or chemical activity in the brain or nervous system.


defeater

(logic, philosophy) a belief which, if proved to be true, would imply outright or indirectly that another belief were false.


Phyllis

From the masculine Ancient Greek Φύλλις (Phúllis) or from the feminine
Φυλλίς (Phullís).

(Greek mythology) A girl who killed herself for love, and was turned into an almond tree.

(Greek mythology) Phyllis (river god) Phyllis (Φύλλις) was the god of the homonymous river in Bithynia.

(Greek mythology) The title character of the tale of ( Phyllis and Aristotle ) in medieval legend

(Greek mythology) Phyllis, mother of the Trojan Alcaeus

(Greek mythology) Phyllis, consort of Ereuthalion


Alcyone

Latin Alcyonē, from Ancient Greek Ἀλκυόνη (Alkuónē), from Ancient Greek ἀλκυών (alkuṓn), which is considered to be of Pre-Greek origin.

(Greek mythology) One of the Pleiades, daughters of Atlas and Pleione.

(Greek mythology) Daughter of Aeolus and wife of Ceyx.


Eridanus

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-Eridanus.wav

From Latin Eridanus, from Ancient Greek Ἠριδανός (Ēridanós).

(Greek mythology) A mythical river of northern Europe, rich in amber.


ascendant

ascendant (comparative more ascendant, superlative most ascendant)

more ascendant (comparative)
most ascendant (superlative)
ascendent (alternative)

PIE word
 *h₂éd
The adjective is derived from Late Middle English ascendent (“ascending, rising; increasing in quantity; (astronomy) rising above the horizon”) [and other forms], borrowed from Old French ascendant, from Latin ascendentem, the accusative singular of ascendēns (“ascending, rising”), the present participle of ascendō, adscendō (“to climb up, go up, move upwards; to rise; to spring up”), from ad- (prefix meaning ‘(up) to’) + scandō (“to ascend, climb, mount; to clamber”) (from Proto-Indo-European *skend- (“to climb, scale; to dart; to jump; to scan (poetry)”)). The English word is analysable as ascend (verb) + -ant (suffix forming adjectives from verbs with the sense of ‘doing [the verbal actions]’).
The noun is probably derived from the adjective, though it is attested earlier than the latter.

suffix

suffix forming adjectives from verbs with the sense of ‘doing 􂀿the verbal actions􂁀’

This Phœbus promis'd, I forget the Year, / VVhen thoſe blue eyes firſt open'd on the Sphere; / Aſcendant Phœbus vvatch'd that hour vvith care, / Averted half your Parents ſimple Pray'r, / And gave you Beauty, but deny'd the Pelf / That buys your Sex a Tyrant o'er itſelf: […]

1735, [Alexander] Pope, Of the Characters of Women: An Epistle to a Lady [Martha Blount] [Moral Essays], London: […] J. Wright, for Lawton Gilliver […], →OCLC, page 16:

(astrology) In an eastern direction rising just above the horizon.

nouseva

in an eastern direction rising just above the horizon


ascendant

ascendants (plural)
ascendent (alternative)

[T]hey ſay that Jeſus in his natiuitie, had for his aſcendent, the ſigne of Virgo in her firſt face, as they terme it, […]

1587, Philip of Mornay [i.e., Philippe de Mornay], “A Solution of the Obiections of the Heathen ageinst Iesus, the Sonne of God”, in Philip Sidney, Arthur Golding, transl., A Woorke Concerning the Trewnesse of the Christian Religion, […], London: […] [John Charlewood and] George Robinson for Thomas Cadman, […], →OCLC, page 619:

At my Nativity, my aſcendent vvas the earthly ſigne of Scorpius, I vvas borne in the Planetary houre of Saturne, and I think I have a piece of that Leaden Planet in me.

1642, Tho[mas] Browne, “The Second Part”, in Religio Medici. […], 4th edition, London: […] E. Cotes for Andrew Crook […], published 1656, →OCLC, section 11, page 164:

There he was a mere cypher: here he was lord of the ascendant; the choice spirit, the dominant genius.

1824, Geoffrey Crayon [pseudonym; Washington Irving], “The Club of Queer Fellows”, in Tales of a Traveller, part 2 (Buckthorne and His Friends), Philadelphia, Pa.: H[enry] C[harles] Carey & I[saac] Lea, […], →OCLC, page 22:

The most important part of the sky in the astrologer's consideration, was that sign of the zodiac which rose at the moment of the child's birth; this was, properly speaking, the horoscope, the ascendant, or the first house; the whole circuit of the heavens being divided into twelve houses, in which life and death, marriage and children, riches and honours, friends and enemies were distributed.

1837, William Whewell, “On the Mysticism of the Middle Ages”, in History of the Inductive Sciences, from the Earliest to the Present Times. […], volume I, London: John W[illiam] Parker, […]; Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: J. and J. J. Deighton, →OCLC, book IV (History of the Physical Sciences in the Middle Ages), page 300:

(astrology, also figurative) The degree of the zodiac or point of the ecliptic which rises in an eastern direction above the horizon at a particular moment (especially the moment of a person's birth), which is supposed to have a commanding influence on a person's fortune and life; a horoscope.

askendentti

degree of the zodiac or point of the ecliptic which rises in an eastern direction above the horizon at a particular moment (especially the moment of a person’s birth) — see also horoscope


fum

fums (plural)
feng (alternative)
fung (alternative)
fung-hwang (alternative)

The fum is a bird said to be found in no part of the world but China. It is described as of most admirable beauty, and if at any time absent, or long unseen, it is regarded as an omen of some misfortune to the royal family.

1823, Richard Sickelmore, The history of Brighton from the earliest period to the present time:

(mythology, obsolete) A mythological Chinese bird, the fènghuáng.


golden rule

"Mr. Francis seems to understand the fundamental principle of all moral accounting, the great ethic rule of three. Let A do to B, as he would have B do to him; the product will give the rule of conduct required." My father smiled at this reduction of the golden rule to arithmetical form.

1818, Sir Walter Scott, chapter 2, in Rob Roy:

(ethics) The principle that one should treat other people in the manner in which one would want to be treated by them.

恕道

principle that one should treat other people how one wants to be treated


Celtic cross

(cartomancy) A spread commonly used by tarotists, usually comprising a six-card "circle" or "cross" on the left and a four-card "staff" on the right.


deterministic

en-adj

deterministic (comparative more deterministic, superlative most deterministic)

more deterministic (comparative)
most deterministic (superlative)

(philosophy) Of, or relating to determinism.


spooked

spooked (comparative more spooked, superlative most spooked)

more spooked (comparative)
most spooked (superlative)

(philosophy) Duped into believing a spook.


relativism

en-noun

relativism (countable and uncountable, plural relativisms)

(uncountable, philosophy) The theory, especially in ethics or aesthetics, that conceptions of truth and moral values are not absolute but are relative to the persons or groups holding them.

relativisme

theory that truth and moral values are relative

Following Gilbert Harman’s lead, my own formulation of relativism about the normative domain was based on the classic examples of thoroughgoing relativisms drawn from physics.

2008, Paul Boghossian, “Replies to Wright, MacFarlane and Sosa”, in Philosophical Studies, volume 141, number 3, page 413:

(countable, philosophy) A specific such theory, advocated by a particular philosopher or school of thought.


gendered knowledge

(feminism) According to feminist studies and gender studies, mainstream knowledge that is produced by men and privileges the masculine over the feminine.


Orphic

en-adj

Orphic (comparative more Orphic, superlative most Orphic)

more Orphic (comparative)
most Orphic (superlative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-Orphic.wav

Orphic ideology mainly concerned the mysteries of Dionysos, which many Greeks took very seriously.

2004, Stephanie L. Budin, The Ancient Greeks: New Perspectives, ABC-CLIO, page 307:

(Greek mythology) Of or pertaining to Orphism and its doctrines and rituals.


Orphic

In particular, Plato often refers to the “Orphics” and mentions the “Orphic life” (Orphikoi tines legomenoi bioi, Laws 782c). Plato clearly distinguished the Orphics and the Pythagoreans. To speak very generally, the Orphics believed that the soul had a divine beginning but fell from the gods due to an original crime.

2021, Andrea Nightingale, Philosophy and Religion in Plato's Dialogues, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 137:

(Greek mythology) A follower of Orphism.


idealism

en-noun

idealism (countable and uncountable, plural idealisms)

(philosophy) An approach to philosophical enquiry, which asserts that direct and immediate knowledge can only be had of ideas or mental pictures.


Wotan

Borrowed from German Wotan. Doublet of Woden and Odin.

Wotan, finding that there is no escape, turns for help and advice to Loge, the God of Evil, the spirit of flickering, treacherous fire, the master of cunning and deceit; and he introduces to gods and giants the lust for gold.

1894, William James Henderson, Preludes and Studies: Musical Themes of the Day, page 17:

In Anglo-Saxon mythology, kings were descended from Wotan, or Odin, the high god of the Teutonic pantheon.

2012, Ian Bradley, God Save the Queen: The Spiritual Heart of the Monarchy, A&C Black, →ISBN, page 70:

(Germanic mythology) Odin, especially in his continental Germanic form.


Alcides

From Latin Alcīdes, from Ancient Greek Ἀλκείδης (Alkeídēs), from Ἀλκαῖος (Alkaîos, “Alcaeus”) + patronymic suffix -ίδης (-ídēs).

(Greek mythology, archaic) Synonym of Hercules


intending

Formulated in this fashion, the phenomenological datum evokes the distinction made earlier between those intendings and positings in which the ego is involved and those in which the ego is not engaged.

2012, F. Kersten, Phenomenological Method: Theory and Practice (page 53)

(philosophy) The process by which one intends something; intention.


muke

Mandarin, perhaps 木客 (mùkè, “tree-lodger”).

2004, Richard von Glahn, The Sinister Way http://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBN0520234081&id=Qyz5I7fi4PQC&pg=PA92&lpg=PA93&printsec=8&dq=muke&sig=JY79_rk9YR_usCiystUTxqVr9RQ
According to the fifth-century Gazette of Nankang, the muke/shanzao likewise resembled humans in form and speech, but instead of hands and feet they had birdlike talons and nested in high trees. The tree-dwelling shandu and muke both seem to have some affinity with a changeling bird known as ye, which nested in the high trees of the remote mountains of southern China.

(Chinese mythology) A kind of tree spirit.


nomological

(philosophy) Pertaining to or expressing general laws that lack logical necessity.


Alternativism

(philosophy) An ideology of limitless alternatives, and/or the practice of relating every logical alternative to a larger truth.


naturalism

naturalism (countable and uncountable, plural naturalisms)

From natural + -ism. Compare French naturalisme.

(philosophy) Any system of philosophy which refers the phenomena of nature as a blind force or forces acting necessarily or according to fixed laws, excluding origination or direction by a will.

(philosophy) A doctrine which denies a strong separation between scientific and philosophic methodologies and/or topics


instancing

(chiefly philosophy) The creation of an instance of something.


Doris

And snowy neckd Doris, and milkewhite Galathæa.

1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book IV, Canto XI”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 49:

(Greek mythology) The daughter of Oceanus, who married Nereus and bore fifty sea-nymphs or nereids.


Midas

Learned borrowing from Latin Midās, from Ancient Greek Μίδᾱς (Mídās), from Phrygian Μιδας (Midas).

(Greek mythology) A king who sought and was for a while granted the cherished but subtly dangerous magical power to turn anything he touched into gold.


privation

privation (countable and uncountable, plural privations)

/pɹɪˈveɪʃən/

Inherited from Middle English privacioun, from Middle French privation, privacion, from Old French privacion, from Latin prīvātiō; compare French privation. See private.

inh+

(philosophy) The state of being deprived of or lacking an attribute formerly or properly possessed; the loss or absence of such an attribute.

недостиг

philosophy: the state of being deprived of or lacking an attribute formerly or properly possessed; the loss or absence of such an attribute


utilitarianism

en-noun

utilitarianism (countable and uncountable, plural utilitarianisms)

(philosophy) A system of ethics based on the premise that something's value may be measured by its usefulness.

(philosophy) The theory that action should be directed toward achieving the "greatest happiness for the greatest number of people" (hedonistic universalism), or one of various related theories.

نَفْعِيَّة

the theory of the "greatest happiness for the greatest number of people"


Valhalla

From New Latin, from Old Norse Valhǫll (from valr (“dead warriors”) + hǫll (“hall”)).

der

[S]uch souls as were detruded from the body by any violent method went strait to Valhalla. (Latin original: Nostratibus sane hoc erat infallibiliter persuasum, animas, non vulgares, neque senio morbove, sec cruenta morte & vi corporibus exeuntes, recta ad Vahlallam ferri)

1791 May 1, “Moore's Inquiry into the Subject of Suicide”, in Monthly Review, London, pages 24–25:

In some poems they are envisaged as divine figures, women who serve mead to the dead warriors in Valhall, and who fulfil the will of Odin in overseeing battle and making sure that victory is awarded to the right man.

1996, Carolyne Larrington, The Poetic Edda, Folio Society, published 2016, page xvii:

(Norse mythology) The home of half of all warriors who died gloriously in battle as well as many of the Æsir.

فَالْهُول

in Norse mythology, the home of warriors slain gloriously in battle


Phobos

From Ancient Greek Φόβος (Phóbos, “Fear”).

(Greek mythology) A son of Ares (Mars). Also the Greek god of fear.


Deimos

From Ancient Greek Δεῖμος (Deîmos), from δειμός (deimós, “terror”).

(Greek mythology) A son of Ares (Latin: Mars), god of terror.


Callisto

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-Callisto.wav


Themisto

(Greek mythology) the third and last wife of Athamas


kalokagathia

Borrowed from Ancient Greek καλοκαγαθίᾱ (kalokagathíā, “nobility, goodness”), from καλοκάγαθος (kalokágathos, “gentleman”), from καλός καὶ ἀγαθός (kalós kaì agathós, “beautiful and good”), shortened as καλός κἀγαθός (kalós kagathós), + -ίᾱ (-íā, “-ness”).

bor

(philosophy) A Platonic teaching consisting of the harmonious combination of bodily, moral and spiritual virtues. It is a classical Greek and Platonic ideal denoting the harmonious unity of bodily excellence, moral virtue, and intellectual cultivation. It expresses the integration of physical beauty, ethical character, and rational insight within a single, well-formed soul—where reason governs, spirit aligns with justice, and appetite is moderated. Rooted in the educational tradition of paideia, kalokagathia represents the perfection of human nature in accordance with both external nobility and inner truth.


free variable

(mathematics, logic) A variable (occurring within some expression or well-formed formula) which is not bound by a quantifier or analogous symbol (such as a lambda abstractor, the "differential d" near the end of an integral or differential form, or a summation symbol).


spiritualist

(philosophy) One who maintains the philosophic doctrine of spiritualism.

spiritualisti

philosophy: one who maintains the doctrine of spiritualism


common sense

Calque of Middle French sens commun and its source, Latin sēnsus commūnis, itself a calque of Ancient Greek κοινὴ αἴσθησις (koinḕ aísthēsis).

der

κοινὴ αἴσθησις

common-sense (alternative)
commonsense (alternative)

This common ſenſe is the Iudge or Moderator of the reſt, by whom we diſcerne all differences of obiects; for by mine eye I doe not knowe that I ſee, or by mine eare that I heare, but by my common ſenſe, […]

1621, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], “Of the Inward Senses”, in The Anatomy of Melancholy, […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and Iames Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition 1, section 1, member 2, subsection 7, page 35:

(philosophy) One of the four interior senses; the one by which information from the five exterior senses is understood and interpreted.

common sense is neither common nor sensical


prime mover

Originally in translation of Latin primum mobile.

(philosophy) The initial agent that is the cause of all things.


clockwork universe

en-noun

clockwork universe (plural clockwork universes)

(philosophy, metaphysics) A universe in which all of the actions of matter and energy operate as reactions according to predetermined rules set down by a creator, like the movements of a clock.


rewriting

rewriting (countable and uncountable, plural rewritings)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-rewriting.wav

(logic, computer science) Any of wide range of potentially non-deterministic methods of replacing subterms of a formula with other terms.


distributive

en-adj

distributive (comparative more distributive, superlative most distributive)

more distributive (comparative)
most distributive (superlative)

(logic) Assigning the species of a general term.


immanence

en-noun

immanence (countable and uncountable, plural immanences)

(philosophy, metaphysics, theology) The concept of the presence of deity in and throughout the real world; the idea that God is everywhere and in everything. Contrast transcendence.

вездесъщност

(philosophy, metaphysics, theology) concept


Juno

From Middle English Juno, from Latin Iūnō of uncertain origin. One hypothesis is derivation from Proto-Indo-European *dyúh₃onh₂- (“she of heavenly authority”), from *dyew- (“sky, heaven”) + *-Hō (“burden, authority”), reflecting her role as goddess of rulers. Another is derivation from Proto-Indo-European *h₂yúh₃onh₂- (“the young goddess”), from *h₂eyu- (“long time, lifetime”) + *-Hō (“burden, authority”), making it cognate with Latin iuvenis (“young”). Both would have produced the unattested early Latin form *Iuvō, declined with the root Iūn- and eventually normalized to Iūnō.

der

(Roman mythology) The queen of the gods, the equivalent of the Greek goddess Hera.


asphodel

en-noun

asphodel (usually uncountable, plural asphodels)

From Ancient Greek ἀσφόδελος (asphódelos). Doublet of daffodil.

Her hand he seis'd, and to a shadie bank,
Thick overhead with verdant roof imbowr'd
He led her nothing loath; Flours were the Couch,
Pansies, and Violets, and Asphodel,
And Hyacinth, Earths freshest softest lap.

1667, John Milton, “Book IX”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:

(Greek mythology) The flower said to carpet Hades, and a favorite food of the dead.


Daphne

From Ancient Greek δάφνη (dáphnē, “laurel, bay”).

bor

Run when you will, the story shall be chang'd; / Apollo flies, and Daphne holds the chase; / The dove pursues the griffin

c. 1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “A Midsommer Nights Dreame”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i]:

(Greek mythology) A dryad pursued by Apollo, who was turned into a laurel tree by the river god Peneus.


Kierkegaardian

en-adj

Kierkegaardian (comparative more Kierkegaardian, superlative most Kierkegaardian)

more Kierkegaardian (comparative)
most Kierkegaardian (superlative)

/ˌkɪəkəˈɡɑːdɪ.ən/

/ˌkɪɹkəˈɡɑɹdi.ən/

(philosophy) Of or pertaining to the Danish philosopher Søren Kierkegaard (1813–1855) or his existentialist philosophy.

kierkegaardovský

of or pertaining to Søren Kierkegaard or his philosophy


parallelism

en-noun

parallelism (countable and uncountable, plural parallelisms)

From parallel + -ism and from Late Latin parallelismus.

(philosophy) The doctrine that matter and mind do not causally interact but that physiological events in the brain or body nonetheless occur simultaneously with matching events in the mind.


dryad

From Old French driade (“wood nymph”), from Latin Dryas, Dryadis, from Ancient Greek Δρυάς (Druás, “dryad”), from δρῦς (drûs, “oak”), from Proto-Indo-European *derew(o)- (“tree, wood”); cf. Proto-Indo-European *dóru (“tree”).

der

Coordinate term: Meliai

There it had stood for years, close beside a mighty oak, under which sat often the kindly old priest, who told stories to the listening children. The young chestnut tree listened with them: the Dryad inside it, who was still a child, could remember the time when the tree was so small that it only reached a little higher than the ferns and long blades of grass.

1914, Hans Christian Andersen, “The Dryad”, in William Alexander Craigie, transl., Fairy tales and other stories:


Midas touch

From the Greek legend of King Midas, related in chapter XI of Ovid’s Metamorphoses (8 C.E.), whom Dionysus (the god of, among other things, wine and winemaking) gave the power to turn things to gold by touching them.

Midaan kosketus

ability to gain financial reward or success from one’s actions easily and consistently

(Greek mythology, literally) The ability to turn everything one touches into gold.


Penelope

From Ancient Greek Πηνελόπη (Pēnelópē), possibly from πηνέλοψ (pēnélops, “duck”).

You would be another Penelope; yet, they say, all the yarn she spun in Ulysses' absence did but fill Ithaca with moths.

c. 1608–1609 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Coriolanus”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iii]:

(Greek mythology) The faithful wife of Odysseus.


mandrake

en-noun

mandrake (countable and uncountable, plural mandrakes)

From Middle English mandrake, mandroke, an alteration of mandragora with the ending -dragora reinterpreted as related to dragon and replaced with native drake, from Old English mandragora, from Medieval Latin mandragorās.

(mythology) A mandragora, a kind of tiny demon immune to fire.


Proteus

Derived from Ancient Greek Πρωτεύς (Prōteús).

der+

(Greek mythology) A sea god who could change his shape at will.


draugr

draugrs (plural)
draugar (plural)
draug (alternative)

(Norse mythology) An undead creature from Norse mythology, an animated corpse that inhabits its grave, often guarding buried treasure.


reductionism

en-noun

reductionism (countable and uncountable, plural reductionisms)

(philosophy) A philosophical position which holds that a complex system is nothing but the sum of its parts, and that an account of it can be reduced to accounts of individual constituents. In a reductionist framework, the phenomena that can be explained completely in terms of relations between other more fundamental phenomena are called "epiphenomena".

ռեդուկցիոնիզմ

(philosophy) theory holding that complex systems can be reduced to simpler components


objectivism

objectivism (countable and uncountable, plural objectivisms)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-objectivism.wav

Coordinate term: positivism

Objectivism and subjectivism need each other to exist. Each defines itself in opposition to the other and sees the other as the enemy. Objectivism takes as its allies scientific truth, rationality, precision, fairness, and impartiality.

1980, George Lakoff, Mark Johnson, chapter 25, in Metaphors We Live By:

(philosophy) Any of several doctrines that holds that all of reality is objective and exists outside of the mind.

obyektivizm

doctrine that holds that reality is objective


moral objectivism

(philosophy) The position that certain acts are objectively right or wrong, independent of human opinion.

objectivisme moral

the position that certain acts are objectively right or wrong


combust

en-adj

combust (comparative more combust, superlative most combust)

more combust (comparative)
most combust (superlative)

From Middle English combust (“burnt”), from Old French combust, from Latin combustus, the perfect passive participle of Latin combūrere (“to burn up”).

Guianerius had a patient could make Latin verses when the moon was combust, otherwise illiterate.

Who can discern those planets that are oft Combust, and those stars of brightest magnitude that rise and set with the Sun, untill the opposite motion of their orbs bring them to such a place in the firmament, where they may be seen evning or morning.

(astrology) In close conjunction with the sun (so that its astrological influence is "burnt up"), sometimes specified to be within 8 degrees 30'.


Meru

2003, J. Dina Bagdel, John C. Huntington Buddhist Cosmology: Environment of Meditative Transformation: Mount Meru, John C. Huntington, Dina Bangdel, Robert A. F. Thurman, The Circle of Bliss: Buddhist Meditational Art, page 66,
Buddhist realizations and transformations take place in a sacred meditational space known as Mount Meru, or Sumeru. In Western-language literature, the Mount Meru system is often construed as the "Buddhist universe," but this description is misleading as it implies a singular phenomenon. The Mount Meru system is indeed an expression of Buddhist cosmology, but it describes structure of the cosmos.

2013, Eric Huntington, Portrait of a Landscape: Depictions of the Meru Cosmos in Buddhist Art & Culture, Dissertation, University of Chicago.

(mythology, religion, usually with "Mount") The abode of the gods at the center of the universe in Hindu, Jain, and Buddhist traditions.

Mount Meru

mountain abode of gods in Buddhist, Hindu and Jainistic traditions


consilience

en-noun

consilience (countable and uncountable, plural consiliences)

From Latin con- (prefix indicating a being or bringing together of several objects) + saliō (“to bound, jump, leap”) (modelled after resiliēns (“rebounding”)) + -ence, influenced by concurrent. Coined by English polymath William Whewell in 1840 in his book The Philosophy of the Inductive Sciences.

coin

Indeed in all cases in which from propositions of considerable generality, propositions of a still higher degree are obtained, there is a convergence of inductions; and if in one of the lines which thus converge, the steps be rapidly and suddenly made in order to meet the other line, we may consider that we have an example of Consilience.

1840, William Whewell, “Of the Logic of Induction”, in The Philosophy of the Inductive Sciences, Founded upon Their History. […], volume II, London: John W[illiam] Parker, […]; Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: J. and J. J. Deighton, →OCLC, part II (Of Knowledge), book XI (Of the Construction of Science), paragraph 4, pages 242–243:

CONSILIENCE of INDUCTIONS takes place when an induction obtained from one class of facts coincides with an induction obtained from a different class. This consilience is the test of the truth of the theory in which it occurs.

1858, William Fleming, “CONSILIENCE of INDUCTIONS”, in The Vocabulary of Philosophy, Mental, Moral, and Metaphysical; […], 2nd revised and enlarged edition, London, Glasgow: Richard Griffin and Company, publishers to the University of Glasgow, →OCLC, page 114:

(logic) The concurrence of multiple inductions drawn from different data sets.


Inari

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) The god of harvests, fertility, rice, agriculture, foxes, industry, and worldly success.


monadic

From Ancient Greek μοναδικός (monadikós, “single”), from μονάς (monás, “a unit”); see monad. By surface analysis, monad + -ic.

uder

We can refuse to view each of these areas as distinct and monadic categories of identity and we can refuse to study them in isolation from one another.

2006, Matt Wray, Not Quite White, page 142:

(philosophy) of, relating to, or being a monad

"The monadic existential quantifier ∃, as in ∃x, may express existence of x in formal logic or mathematics]]".

(mathematics, logic) having an arity of one (taking a single argument or operand)


stoically

en-adv

stoically (comparative more stoically, superlative most stoically)

more stoically (comparative)
most stoically (superlative)

(philosophy) In a manner consistent with the philosophy of stoicism.

stoalaisesti

in a manner consistent with the philosophy of stoicism


on point

Possibly from the French "en pointe" meaning to be on the tip of the toes in ballet and reflects a higher degree of skill. "On point" also describes a degree of competence and in the military the man "on point" was at the front and most exposed position in a combat military formation, that is, the leading soldier or unit advancing through hostile or unsecured territory. In recent American youth (especially hip hop) culture, the idiom "on point" refers either to someone who possesses abundant and various qualities of competence, leadership or style, or to specific acts which demonstrate such qualities.

We have no decisions in our state directly on point. With us the problem is one of first impression. None of the cases cited is on point.

1937, Herdman Motor Co. v. State Bd. of Tax Appeals, 119 N.J.L. 164, 166

His historical discussions always appear on point, well researched, and indicate a great deal of care.

1984, Eike-Henner W. Kluge, “Review of Frege and the Philosophy of Mathematics by Michael D. Resnik and Gottlob Frege by Hans D. Sluga”, in Noûs, volume 18, number 2, page 342:

Eitingon raised Jung's idea of substituting a new complex; Freud did not answer on point, but talked at length about transference.

1994, John Kerr, A Most Dangerous Method: The Story of Jung, Freud, and Sabina Spielrein, →ISBN:

The second question of the night was about the shortage of flu vaccine. Bush gave a fine answer, on point.

2004 October 13, Dick Meyer, “Opinion: Bush Did Well, But Kerry Won”, in CBS News, retrieved 2012-06-22:

(chiefly US, law, philosophy) Having a direct application to the case or topic under consideration; apposite, relevant.


prehension

en-noun

prehension (countable and uncountable, plural prehensions)

Borrowed from Latin prehensio, prehensionis. Doublet of prison.

The addiction to punning was related to a reverence for the "Word." In a pun or a hieroglyphic figure, several lines come together in what Whitehead would call "a prehension"; in the comprehension of an event, that sympathetic resonance between the observor and the "thing" observed, there is a correspondence between the cosmic word of the gods (the Logos of St. John) and the inner words of the human mind, for each shares existence because it is a manifestation of divine laws and harmony.

1981, William Irwin Thompson, The Time Falling Bodies Take to Light: Mythology, Sexuality and the Origins of Culture, London: Rider/Hutchinson & Co., page 214:

(philosophy) According to Alfred North Whitehead, a type of universally acting perception that is not limited to living, self-conscious beings, and which involves an interconnectedness of the observer and the observed.


Norn

(Norse mythology) Any of the three goddesses of fate or destiny.

Norno

any of the three goddesses of fate or destiny


actualism

actualism (countable and uncountable, plural actualisms)

(philosophy) The belief that actuality and existence are co‐extensive: i.e., that only actual things exist, and merely possible things do not.

aktualism

the belief that only actual things exist


Chinese dragon

(mythology) A legendary creature, usually depicted as long and snake-like, with many claws, common in several East Asian cultures.

চীনা আজদাহা

legendary creature common in several East Asian cultures

(mythology) A large snake-like monster with the eyes of a hare, the horns of a stag, and the claws of a tiger; known for its benevolent behavior in ancient Oriental mythology.


shapeshifter

shapeshifters (plural)
shape-shifter (alternative)

/ˈʃeɪpʃɪftə/

The shapeshifter Lisa Bowalk, unable to shed the guise of a black panther, had gone onto the plain as a prisoner but was not now to be found among the dead above or the Captured down below.

Like the teller of shapeshifter stories—who conjures a shifting world of perceptions and expectations for his or her audience that is strikingly similar to the worlds created by the shapeshifter for its victims—the cultural practice of imagination...is an inherently shifty enterprise....

2003, Michael Bathgate, The Fox's Craft in Japanese Religion and Folklore: Shapeshifters, Transformations and Duplicities:

There have also been verified reports of fire-starters and ice-makers and a shapeshifter so powerful she was able to frame another Smallville citizen for a bank robbery!

Granted, Grace is talking about actual transformation, but she's a shapeshifter. For her, growing a couple inches taller is like an alternative to wearing high heels.

2015 January 30, Dan Shive, “Comic for Friday, Jan 30, 2015”, in El Goonish Shive - EGS:NP, archived from the original on 2022-08-13:

“The Jem'Hadar? You fought the Dominion? Ah. The shapeshifters sent many warriors to Sto-vo-kor. I wish I could have seen it.” “No, you do not. There was no honor, just massacres.” “But in the end you were victorious.” “Starfleet is supposed to be about puzzling together the mysteries of life, not fighting wars. I don't want to be a general. I don't, I don't want to send my friends off to die. I just want to be an ensign. If it was good enough for Sito, then it's good enough for me.”

2023 October 26, Mike McMahan, “The Inner Fight” (16:32 from the start), in Star Trek: Lower Decks, season 4, episode 9, spoken by Ma'ah (Jon Curry):

“Oh, no! That house belongs to shapeshifters. [spits]” “Fuck.” “You're kidding me, right?” “Shapeshifters are... extremely freaky.” “They are awful, abhorrent creatures that use the most ancient of sorcery to transform into whatever murderous, all-powerful shape their wicked hearts desire. And now, they have infiltrated our street.” “I have had horrible experiences with shapeshifters in the past. I was once in a relationship with a woman for four years who then transformed into a possum. I stayed with her for six more months, but then I just had to end it.”

2024 November 11, Jake Bender & Zach Dunn, “Laszlo's Father” (1:34 from the start), in What We Do in the Shadows, season 6, episode 6, spoken by Nadja of Antipaxos (Natasia Demetriou):

(fantasy, mythology, science fiction) A person or creature capable of changing their appearance or form at will.

canviaformes

creature capable of changing its appearance


desitive

(obsolete, logic) An argument that leads to a conclusion.


sorites

From the Latin sōrītēs, from the Ancient Greek σωρείτης (sōreítēs, “fallacy of the heap”), from σωρός (sōrós, “heap”).

der

Why?—he would ask, making use of the sorites or syllogism of Zeno and Chrysippus without knowing it belonged to them.—Why? why are we a ruined people?—Because we are corrupted.——Whence is it, dear Sir, that we are corrupted?—Because we are needy [...] ——And wherefore, he would add,—are we needy?——From the neglect, he would answer

1760, Laurence Sterne, The Life & Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman, Penguin, published 2003, page 130:

(logic, rhetoric) A series of propositions whereby each conclusion is taken as the subject of the next.


apheta

(astrology) The planet that has the most influence on a person's life.


gigantomachy

en-noun

gigantomachy (countable and uncountable, plural gigantomachies)

gigantomachies (plural)
Gigantomachy (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Γιγαντομαχία (Gigantomakhía), from Γίγας (Gígas, “giant”) + μάχη (mákhē, “battle”) + -ια (-ia). Compare Titanomachy, Typhonomachy, centauromachy.

lbor

Γιγαντομαχία

Giants (Greek mythology)#The Gigantomachy

Here we will examine Amazonomachies, Gigantomachies, and Centauromachies; the Trojan War will be discussed in Chapter 7.

1995, Susan B. Matheson, Polygnotos and Vase Painting in Classical Athens, University of Wisconsin Press, page 234:

You often see the Gigantomachy in the sculptural decoration of Archaic temples: the statement of the authority of the gods, made by the temple itself, is reinforced by the myth told upon it.

2006, Ken Dowden, Zeus, Taylor & Francis (Routledge), page 38:

First, beginning in the 5th cent. BC, the line between religious and commemorative-political art became blurred as traditional subjects were blurred to convey political meanings (e.g. the Amazonomachy, the Gigantomachy; see AMAZONS, GIANTS).

2014, J. J. Pollitt, “Art, ancient attitudes to”, in Simon Hornblower, Antony Spawforth, Esther Eidinow, editors, The Oxford Companion to Classical Civilization, 2nd edition, Oxford University Press, page 83:

(Greek mythology) The battle of the Giants (offspring of Gaia, according to Hesiod conceived from the spilt blood of Uranus) against the Olympian gods.

gigantomakhia

uprising of the Giants against the Olympian gods


Fates

"Oh, no!" said he, with a most imperturbable air, "I always make allowance for feminine weakness; I do not expect your mind to follow mine!"
"Now, the Fates forbid that it should!" thought Henrietta.

1837, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], “The Influence of an Invitation”, in Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […], volume III, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 17:

1944, Ralph Blane, “Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas”, Meet Me in St. Louis, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Through the years we all will be together / If the Fates allow

(Greek mythology) Atropos, Clotho, and Lachesis; supernatural beings who controlled the destiny of men and of the gods.


signified

Here things are getting better and better for women and people of color, and gay men and lesbians, more and more integrated and open, and all you can think about is some stupid, lame problem with signifiers and signifieds.

2001, Jonathan Franzen, The Corrections:

In Peircean terms, topics are interpretants: signifieds that become new signifiers in the endless semiotic chain of interpretations.

2012, Esti Sheinberg, Music Semiotics, page 9:

(linguistics, semiotics, philosophy) The concept, object or person that is referred to by a sign or signifier.


Ariadne

en-proper noun

Ariadne (countable and uncountable, plural Ariadnes)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-Ariadne.wav

(Greek mythology) The daughter of King Minos of Crete and his queen, Pasiphae.


selfhood

en-noun

selfhood (usually uncountable, plural selfhoods)

(philosophy, psychology) State of having a distinct identity, or being an individual distinct from others; individuality.


daimon

A modern romanization of Ancient Greek δαίμων (daímōn, “the one who divides, dispenser, tutelary deity”), intended to distinguish its ancient Greek sense from later conceptions of demons. Compare Ancient Greek Λᾰκεδαίμων (Lăkedaímōn, “Laconian dispenser”).

cog

Phang Nga Bay
daemon (classical mythology)
spirit house

All at once, my daimōn—that other Me over whom I button my waistcoat when I button it over my own person—put it into my head to look up the story of Madame Saqui.

1890 January, Oliver Wendell Holmes [Sr.], “Over the Teacups”, in The Atlantic Monthly: A Magazine of Literature, Science, Art, and Politics, volume LXV, number CCCLXXXVII, Boston, Mass., New York, N.Y.: Houghton, Mifflin and Company; The Riverside Press, Cambridge, →OCLC, page 121:

The object which first appears is adopted as the personal mystery, guardian spirit, or tutelary daimon of the entranced, and is never mentioned by him without first making a sacrifice.

1891, W[alter] J[ames] Hoffman, The Mide’wiwin or “Grand Medicine Society” of the Ojibwa, Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, →OCLC, page 163:

Marcus Aurelius is persuaded that God gives every man a special daimon as his guide – a belief which reappears in the Christian guardian angel.

1945, Bertrand Russell, A History of Western Philosophy: And its Connection with Political and Social Circumstances from the Earliest Times to the Present Day, New York, N.Y.: Simon & Schuster, →OCLC, book I, chapter 27:

He will release his pent-up rage and fear no evil, for his genius is with him, and his daimon bids him violate all the taboos of the literary marketplace.

1960, Charles I. Glicksberg, “Norman Mailer: The Angry Young Novelist in America”, in Wisconsin Studies in Contemporary Literature, volume 1, number 1, Madison, Wis.: University of Wisconsin Press, →OCLC:

(Greek mythology) A tutelary deity or spirit that watches over a person or place.


Arachne

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-Arachne.wav

From Latin Arachnē, from Ancient Greek ἀράχνη (arákhnē, “spider”).

der

(Greek mythology) A woman famous for her skill at weaving. She was changed into a spider by the goddess Athena.

Arachné

(Greek mythology) woman famous for her skill at weaving


conation

en-noun

conation (countable and uncountable, plural conations)

Learned borrowing from Latin cōnātiō (“an act of attempting”).

lbor

Any pleasing sense-experience, when it has once taken place, will, on subsequent occasions, give rise to a conation, when its conditions are only partially repeated...

1899, George Frederick Stout, A Manual of Psychology, page 234:

You can sit quiet and hear the processes going on, going about their business; volition, desire, will, cognition, passion, conation.

[The] 'purposive conscious striving' aspect of conation is very likely a concept we need to treat separately if we are to study human motivation successfully […]

1987, Marshall J. Farr, 'Cognition, Affect, and Motivation: Issues, Directions and Perspectives Toward Unity', in Conative and Affective Process Analysis, p. 347

(philosophy) The power or act which directs or impels to effort of any kind, whether muscular or psychical.


Fountain of Youth

(mythology) A legendary spring of water with the magical property of restoring youth and health to those who bathe or drink from it.

nuoruuden lähde

legendary spring of water that restores youth


intension

From Latin intēnsiō (“straining, effort; intensifying”), from intēnsus (“stretched”), perfect passive participle of intendō (“strain or stretch toward”).

uder

Holonym: comprehension

'Is a plant', 'has a trunk', 'has leaves' are intensions of the concept tree. Its extension is the set of all trees existing in the real world.

This law is, that the intension of our knowledge is in the inverse ratio of its extension.

1859–1860, William Hamilton, edited by H[enry] L[ongueville] Mansel and John Veitch, Lectures on Metaphysics and Logic […], volume (please specify |volume=I to IV), Edinburgh, London: William Blackwood and Sons, →OCLC:

(logic, semantics) Any property or quality connoted by a word, phrase or other symbol, contrasted with actual instances in the real world to which the term applies.


Ys

(mythology) A mythical sunken city in Brittany, France.


bandwagon fallacy

en-noun

bandwagon fallacy (plural bandwagon fallacies)

argumentum ad populum
argumentum ad populum


argumentum

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-argumentum.wav

Learned borrowing from Latin argūmentum. Doublet of argument.

Argumentum anti-Normannicum: or, An argument proving, from ancient histories and records, that William, Duke of Normandy, made no absolute conquest of England by the sword; in the sense of our modern writers.

1682: Sir Edward Coke, Argumentum anti-Normannicum, main title (John Darby)

(chiefly formal, in law, logic, etc.) Used in numerous Latin phrases (and occasionally alone) in the sense of “appeal” or “argument”.

argumentum ab auctoritate est fortissimum in lege

argumentum ab auctoritate plurimum valet in lege

argumentum ab impossibili plurimum valet in lege

argumentum ab inconvenienti est validum in lege

quia lex non permittit aliquod inconveniens


bad faith

* (philosophy): a semantic loan from French mauvaise foi, coined by existentialist philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre.

(philosophy) The existentialist concept of denying one's total freedom of will.


ataraxia

ataraxia (usually uncountable, plural ataraxias)

/ætəˈɹæksiə/

From Ancient Greek ἀταραξία (ataraxía), ἀ- (a-, negative prefix) + ταράσσω (tarássō, “trouble, disturb”). Doublet of ataraxy.

af

And what happineſs is there in a ſtorm of paſſions? On this account the Scepticks affected an indifferent æquipondious neutrality as the only means to their Ataraxia, and freedom from paßionate diſturbances.

1665, Joseph Glanvill, chapter XXVII, in Scepsis Scientifica: Or, Confest Ignorance, the Way to Science; in an Essay of the Vanity of Dogmatizing, and Confident Opinion with a Reply to the Exceptions of the Learned Thomas Albius, London: E. Cotes, page 168:

O, for that apathy of soul, that sweet ataraxia, of which I have heard, which forbids alike the approaches of pleasure and pain, hope and despair!

1838, Piomingo, John Robinson, The Savage, 2nd edition, Philadelphia: J. Ferral, →OCLC, →OL, page 194:

That terrible Latin poet Lucretius, whose apparent serenity and Epicurean ataraxia conceal so much despair, said that piety consists in the power to contemplate all things with a serene soul—pacata posse mente omnia tueri.

1921, J.E. Crawford Flitch, transl., The Tragic Sense Of Life, translation of Del sentimiento trágico de la vida by Miguel de Unamuno:

[…] he was an Epicurean not in the commonly misunderstood sense, as a seeker after luxury, but in the true meaning, as a pursuer of what the Greeks call ataraxia, or freedom from disturbance.

2006, Robert Harris, Imperium, London: Arrow Books, Part 2, Chapter 15, p. 400:

Once they’d seen that the world is nothing but atoms and void, and that we simply disintegrate after death, and so have no need to fear the Torments of Hell, they would be in a better position to cultivate ataraxia—the Greek word for the calm, unruffled composure that was the Epicurean ideal.

2020, Coulter H. George, How Dead Languages Work, Oxford: Oxford University Press, Chapter 3 'Latin' p.67:

(literary, Greek philosophy) Tranquility of mind; absence of mental disturbance.


Rhode

(Greek mythology) In Greek mythology, the oldest Oceanid, a daughter of Tethys and Oceanus


Galilean

en-adj

Galilean (comparative more Galilean, superlative most Galilean)

more Galilean (comparative)
most Galilean (superlative)

(philosophy) Of or pertaining to the Italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer, and philosopher Galileo Galilei.