Tian

The pinyin romanization of Mandarin 天 (Tiān).

...‘Heaven’ as we use it throughout the book is only a convenient but inaccurate translation of the Chinese character tian. Heaven in Chinese religions as well as in the Confucian tradition has multidimensional implications... In its metaphysical and physical connotation, Heaven... refers to... Nature. Applied in the spiritual realm, it signifies an anthropomorphic Lord or a Supreme Being who presides in Heaven, and rules over or governs directly the spiritual and material worlds.

2000, Yao Xinzhong, An Introduction to Confucianism, page 142:

Supreme being in Chinese philosophy and religion. He rules over lesser gods, humankind, and controls the cosmos. The word Tian may also refer to Heaven. As a god, Tian is often seen as an impersonal power...

2003, Constance Victoria Briggs, The Encyclopedia of God, s.v. "Tian"::

It was not just the sky, but a god with wills and intentions, seen as sovereign of all... In fact, "Tian" was another reverent term to address the supreme god: "Heaven, for the help of the inferior people, made for them rulers, and made for them instructors" ("Great Declaration I" in the Book of History)...

2018, Zhuo Xinping, Religious Faith of the Chinese, page 58:

(Chinese mythology) Synonym of Heaven: simultaneously conceived as the Heavens, Nature, and an anthropomorphic supreme God.


Patroclus

From Latin Patroclus, from Ancient Greek Πάτροκλος (Pátroklos).

(Greek mythology) A character in the Iliad, known for his close relationship to Achilles.


mobilism

mō′bēl-ĭz′əm

(philosophy) The view that nothing is fixed.


immanentism

en-noun

immanentism (usually uncountable, plural immanentisms)

While some, like the early Church Fathers, still viewed it as the prison of the spirit, new emphasis came to be placed on the soul's incarceration in the flesh, the doctrine of immanentism.

1997, Roy Porter, The Greatest Benefit to Mankind, Folio Society, published 2016, page 126:

(philosophy, theology) A doctrine based on immanence, especially the immanence of God.


Victory

en-proper noun

Victory (countable and uncountable, plural Victorys or Victories)

Victorys (plural)
Victories (plural)
victory (alternative)

All along the Champs Elysées were […] statues of plaster representing nymphs, triumphs, victories, and other female personages painted in oil so as to represent marble; real marble could have had no better effect, and the appearance of the whole was lively and picturesque in the extreme.

1841, M. A. Titmarsh [pseudonym; William Makepeace Thackeray], “Mr. Titmarsh to Miss Smith on the Second Funeral of Napoleon. Letter III. The Funeral Ceremony.”, in The Second Funeral of Napoleon: […] And The Chronicle of the Drum. […], London: Hugh Cunningham, […], →OCLC, page 63:

The two reverse groupings which originate on sestertii of Hadrian (BMCCRE III, pl. 79, 7), continue through the coinage of Caracalla, and show Victory floating or standing to the left or right with a standard or trophy held crosswise and extended in the hands are nothing more than the translations of similarly arranged Victoriae from the spandrels of triumphal arches to coin reverses.

1953, Gnomon: Kritische Zeitschrift für die gesamte klassische Altertumswissenschaft, pages 475–476:

Behind Roma seated with Victoriola on the exten ded^([sic]) hand a full-sized Victory approaches from the right with crown and palm.

1974, The Goddess Roma in the Art of the Roman Empire, page 44:

We know from Dio that, when the Curia Iulia, begun by Caesar in 44 B.C., was finally dedicated in 29 B.C., Octavian set up a statue of Victory beside the altar of Victoria which he also dedicated there (51, 22, 2).[…]The type, which inspired innumerable copies, appears on coins by 31 B.C., if not earlier, and shows such a Victory holding in the right hand a wreath and in the left a palm branch, occasionally other attributes. Four years later, when Augustus received the clupeus virtutis, this was placed near the statue of Victory in the Curia Iulia.[…]The fact that there are two Victories at Lugdunum raises a different question, however.

1993, Duncan Fishwick, “The Twin Victories”, in The Imperial Cult in the Latin West, 2nd edition, volume I,1, E.J. Brill, →ISBN, book I, chapter “Roma et Augustus”, subchapter “The Altar of the Three Gauls”, pages 111–112:

(uncountable, Roman mythology) Synonym of Victoria (“the Roman goddess of victory, the counterpart of the Greek goddess Nike”); also (countable), an artistic depiction of her, chiefly as a winged woman.


Shu

Borrowed from Egyptian šw (“Shu”, literally “Emptiness”), a derivative of the verb šwj (“to be empty, devoid of”).

bor

(Egyptian mythology) A god personifying the air and atmosphere.


Wayland

From Old English Wēland, related to Old Norse Vǫlundr, Old High German Wiolant (German Wieland). Cf. English wile.

(mythology) A legendary blacksmith in Germanic mythology.


Tien

(Chinese mythology) Alternative form of Tian: Heaven, simultaneously conceived as the Heavens, Nature, and an anthropomorphic supreme God.


incompatibilistic

(philosophy) Relating to incompatibilism.


Makhnovism

(anarchism, communism) The theory and strategy of Nestor Makhno, Ukrainian anarchist revolutionary.


Makhnovist

en-adj

Makhnovist (comparative more Makhnovist, superlative most Makhnovist)

more Makhnovist (comparative)
most Makhnovist (superlative)
Makhnoist (alternative)

(anarchism) Of or pertaining to Makhnovism.


Makhnovist

Makhnovists (plural)
Makhnoist (alternative)


neo-Leninism

(communism) Leninist theory updated for the contemporary era.


Carmean

(mythology) Of or relating to the consort of Zeus Carme in Greek mythology.


definee

[…] by presenting us with another term (the definer) that has the same meaning as the definee. Moreover, a definition does not merely give us a single word that is a synonym of the definee:
"Liberty" means the same as "freedom."

1976, Monroe C. Beardsley, Writing With Reason: Logic for Composition - Page 37:


pornotroping

Coined by Hortense J. Spillers in her 1987 essay “Mama's Baby, Papa's Maybe: An American Grammar Book”; porno- + trope + -ing.

(feminism) The process of reducing a person or group of people to mere flesh, stripped of personhood and made into the object of violent and sexual impulses.


predicativism

(philosophy, logic) A philosophical position that definitions of concepts can only use other concepts that don't depend on the concept being defined.


predicativist

(philosophy, logic) An advocate of predicativism.


impredicativity

(mathematics, logic) A self-referencing definition.


Senectus

(Roman mythology) A son of Nox and the spirit of old age. He is the Roman equivalent of Geras.


Tmolus

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Τμῶλος (Tmôlos).

(Greek mythology) A king of Lydia and husband to Omphale.

The cicale above in the lime, / And the lizards below in the grass, / Were as silent as ever old Tmolus was, / Listening to my sweet pipings.

a. 1823 (date written), Percy Bysshe Shelley, “Hymn of Pan”, in Mary W[ollstonecraft] Shelley, editor, Posthumous Poems of Percy Bysshe Shelley, London: […] [C. H. Reynell] for John and Henry L[eigh] Hunt, […], published 1824, →OCLC, page 169:

(mythology) A mountain, Mount Tmolus, the modern Bozdağ.


subextensive

Well, it's possible to believe being a dog to be subextensive to barking, but it's also possible to believe barking to be subextensive to being a dog.

2006, Dale Jacquette, Philosophy, Psychology, and Psychologism, →ISBN:

(philosophy) Indicative of but not fully implying.


shikigami

(Japanese mythology) A kind of ghost or spirit in Japanese folklore.


protomatter

Perhaps the last named, mass-energy, comes closest to converying the Aristotelian idea of protomatter as the basic stuff of the universe. Whatever quarks may be, or leptons and hadrons in their various forms, it seems generally agreed that all are manifestations of mass-energy, the ultimate matrix to which science seems to have come in identifying the material cause of the universe.

1996, William A Wallace, The Modeling of Nature, →ISBN:

The owl's process of assimilation makes it impossible any longer for the mouse's substantial form to animate the mouse's protomatter, so it is replaced in its functioning by the substantial form of the owl. A mouse can become an owl (or part of an owl) preciesely because there is inherent in the mouse a principle of determinability that includes a capability to be owl. That principle, protomatter, is actualized (by the mouse-form) in the mouse, but is potentiality to be actualized in other ways.

2001, James W. Felt, Coming to Be: Toward a Thomistic-Whiteheadian Metaphysics of Becoming, →ISBN:

Rephrasing Heisenberg's solution, one could say that the explanation of massive, kinetic, and electromagnetic phenomena, all of which may be regarded as real, requires some underlying substrate or ultimate matter or protomatter that itself is real but only in a potential way.

2012, Robert S. Cohen, Marx W. Wartofsky, Proceedings of the Boston Colloquium for the Philosophy of Science 1964/1966, →ISBN:

Protomatter is a potential for existence that requires the creative act of a substantial form to bring a particular substance into existence. In other words, although protomatter could exist as any particular substance, substantial form constrains protomatter into a particular substance.

2013, Mark Graves, Insight to Heal: Co-Creating Beauty amidst Human Suffering, →ISBN, page 98:

(philosophy) The ultimate basis of physical substance, before it has been given form.


monadism

en-noun

monadism (countable and uncountable, plural monadisms)

(philosophy) A metaphysical theory of monads, introduced by Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, based on elementary particles with blurred perceptions of one another.


counterlegal

(logic, philosophy) That goes against a system of laws, such as the laws of nature.


counterlegal

(logic, philosophy) A proposition that goes against a system of laws.


skymaiden

(mythology) A young woman who comes from the sky.


sociophilosophy

(philosophy) An approach to philosophy based on sociological enquiry.


Atum

Borrowed from Coptic ⲁⲧⲟⲩⲙ (atoum, “Atum”), from Egyptian tm (“Atum”).

(Egyptian mythology) The creator god of Heliopolis, the original source of all matter, associated with the evening sun.


Geb

Borrowed from Egyptian gbb (“Geb, earth”).

(Egyptian mythology) The god who serves as the personification of the earth.


veristic

en-adj

veristic (comparative more veristic, superlative most veristic)

more veristic (comparative)
most veristic (superlative)

veristic variables

(logic) Having multiple valid solutions.


Mirkwood

From Old Norse Myrkviðr (“murky wood; dark wood; black forest”), as anglicised by William Morris and later adopted by J. R. R. Tolkien. Direct derivatives of the name occur as place names in Sweden and Norway.

cal

(mythology) Any of several European forests in Germanic mythology.


Kipper

en-noun

Kipper (countable and uncountable, plural Kippers)

(cartomancy) A type of fortune-telling cards.


jineology

Anglicized from Northern Kurdish jineolojî, from jin (“woman”).

(feminism, politics) A school of feminist thought espoused by various leftist groups in Kurdistan.


correlationism

(philosophy) The philosophical standpoint, rejected by proponents of speculative realism, that we cannot directly access thinking and being, but only the correlation between them.


correlationist

(philosophy) A proponent of correlationism.


state of nature

state of nature (plural states of nature)

(philosophy, religion, law) The way that people lived before there was any organized society.

luonnontila

the way that people lived before there was any organized society


Hippodamia

/ˌhɪpɒdəˈmaɪə/

From Ancient Greek Ἱπποδάμεια (Hippodámeia).

Hippodamea (alternative)
Hippodameia (alternative)

Restored to life, Pelops competes for Hippodamia against her father Oenomaus, who dies cursing Pelops' family.

2007, Marianthe Colakis, Mary Joan Masello, Classical Mythology & More: A Reader Workbook, Bolchazy-Carducci Publishers, →ISBN, page 207:

(Greek mythology) Various female Ancient Greek mythological figures, especially the queen of Pisa as the wife of Pelops.


Shem HaMephorash

From Hebrew הַשֵּׁם הַמְפוֹרָשׁ (haššēm hamp̄ōrāš, literally “the explicit name”).

uder

הַשֵּׁם הַמְפוֹרָשׁ

Neither the divine name composed of twelve letters, nor the one of forty-two letters, ever obtained the title of Shem HaMephorash—this being the designation of the particular name, or the Tetragrammaton, as we have already propounded.

1865, Christian David Ginsburg, The Kabbalah: Its Doctrines, Development, and Literature, page 100:

The death penalty was inflicted only upon the blasphemer who used the Ineffable Name, the Shem HaMephorash, YHWH, or its equivalent Adonai (“Our Lord”).

1963, George Horowitz, The Spirit of Jewish Law:

And one time only he disobeyed the Rabbi Low, and Rabbi Low erased the Shem HaMephorash from the golem's forehead and the golem fell down like a dead one.

2014, Avram Davidson, The Avram Davidson Treasury, →ISBN:

Shaah - To lay waste, devastate; 28th name of Shem HaMephorash

2017, Brian Pivik, Gematria and the Tanakh, →ISBN, page 244:

(Judaism, mysticism) One of the esoteric names of God within Kabbalah, corresponding to the Tetragrammaton, often referring to a 72-worded variant in particular.


wombyn

Form "My journey as a wombyn child emerging from a wombyn, my mother, and my own growth thru all the passages and consecutive emergences to the present is both similar to the experiences of generations of wombyn gone before me and uniquely my own.

1983, Lynda Ross Ford, Bleeding, page 147:

I come from a generation of wombyn that struggled and strived alone.

2014, Diata, Wombanystic Thoughts, →ISBN, page 108:

These spritely guides are merely an inspiration for you to begin or deepen your journey depending on where you are in your development. I invite you to take time to see what your personal guidance says about your wombyn's rhythms.

2016, Zsuzsi Hussla, Unraveling Her, →ISBN:


Malebranchist

(philosophy, theology) One who subscribes to Malebranchism.


Zhegalkin polynomial

en-noun

Zhegalkin polynomial (plural Zhegalkin polynomials)

Named after the Russian mathematician Ivan Ivanovich Zhegalkin (1869–1947), who introduced them in 1927.

(logic, algebra) A Boolean-valued polynomial formed as a XOR-sum (or "ring sum") of conjunctions.

Ivan Ivanovich Zhegalkin
Zhegalkin polynomial


ring sum normal form

"Ring sum" refers to a XOR-sum of monomials, where XOR is the additive operator of a Boolean ring.

(algebra, logic) The form of a Boolean formula expressed using only the operators and constants of a Boolean ring (XOR, AND, 0, 1), some variables and possibly also coefficients, and without using any parentheses.


algebraic normal form

"Algebraic" would refer to the fact that a two-element Galois field, 𝔽₂ adjoined with some variables forms a polynomial algebra, 𝔽₂[x_1,...,x_n].

It is well known that every (n,1)-function f can be written uniquely as a multilinear polynomial over #92;mathbb#123;F#125;#95;2
#92;qquad#92;qquad#92;qquad#92;qquad#92;qquadf(x#95;1,...,x#95;n)#61;#92;sum#95;#123;X#92;subseteq#91;n#93;#125;#92;alpha#95;X#92;prod#95;#123;i#92;inX#125;x#95;i.
This polynomial is called the Zhegalkin polynomial or the algebraic normal form (ANF) of f.

2015 September 22, Magnus Gausdal Find, Joan Boyar, “Multiplicative Complexity of Vector Valued Boolean Functions”, in arxiv.org, retrieved 2017-08-10:

ring sum normal form
ring sum normal form


international socialist

international socialist (plural international socialists)

international socialists (plural)
International Socialist (alternative)

(communism) A member of any of various Trotskyist tendencies that hope to form bonds between workers of different countries


Chryseis

(Greek mythology) A character in the Iliad, daughter of Chryses


Briseis

Borrowing from Ancient Greek Βρισηΐς (Brisēḯs, “daughter of Briseus/Brises”).

bor

Briseida (alternative)
Briseide (alternative)
Briseïs (alternative)

So Akhilleus calls an assembly — any oddness in his doing so at this juncture is mitigated by Thetis' instructions (34–6) — and much of the Book is occupied with the speeches of reconciliation and the handing over of Briseis and Agamemnon's gifts.

1991, Mark W. Edwards, The Iliad: A Commentary: Volume V, books 17–20, Cambridge University Press, published 1995, page 234:

1993 [Random House (Knopf)], Tim Parks (translator), Roberto Calasso, The Marriage Of Cadmus And Harmony, 1994, Random House (Vintage), page 90,
And the Iliad was founded on a play of words, the substitution of a couple of letters in a name. Briseis, Chryseis. The bone of contention that triggers the poem is Briseis kallipárēos, Briseis “of the lovely cheeks”: Agamemnon wants her exchanged with, or substituted for, Chryseis kallipárēos, Chryseis “of the lovely cheeks." In Greek only two letters separate the two girls.

The character of Briseis and the story of her relationship with Achilles stand in the background of the entire Iliad: the poem opens, literally, with Achilles' anger, which at 1.298–9 turns out to be caused by Briseis’ abduction on Agamemnon's order, and ends shortly after Achilles sleeps with her once again in his tent (24.675-6).

2012, Marco Fantuzzi, Achilles in Love: Intertextual Studies, Oxford University Press, page 99:

(Greek mythology) A legendary figure who features in the Iliad; a princess granted as concubine to Achilles after the sacking of her city, Lyrnessus, before the beginning of the story.


moral realism

(philosophy) The metaphysical belief that morality exists objectively, so that at least some actions, thoughts and behavior are morally good or morally bad.


Bifrost

Yet Asgard is always prey to attacks, so Bifrost is guarded by Heimdall, the most astounding of sentries.

2001, Raymond L. Lee, Alistair B. Fraser, The Rainbow Bridge: Rainbows in Art, Myth, and Science, →ISBN, page 33:

The Younger Edda tells us that Asgard is an island surrounded by ocean that lies west of Europe and which is accessed by means of the rainbow bridge, Bifrost. Hence Asgard, like Atlantis, represents the North American ice sheet. Like Atlantis, Asgard has outlying colonies that lie "along the outer strand of that sea." The Bifrost bridge most likely signifies the ice sheet bridge that spanned Baffin Bay and the North Sea to connect the North American and Greenland ice sheets with the European ice sheet.

2005, Paul A. LaViolette, Earth Under Fire: Humanity's Survival of the Ice Age, →ISBN, page 250:

The only member of the Æsir not permitted to cross on Bifrost was Thor, the son of Odin and Jordr. Everyone feared Bifrost would bend and break under the weight of the mighty thundergod.

2010, Heilan Yvette Grimes, The Norse Myths, →ISBN, page 16:

In W. Petrie's book "The Story of the Aurora Borealis” (1963) it reads the following: “One can produce arguments that suggest Bifrost was the aurora."

2012, A. Brekke, A. Egeland, The Northern Light: From Mythology to Space Research, →ISBN, page 18:

(Norse mythology) The rainbow bridge that connects Asgard with Midgard.


monoletheism

But regardless of the outcome of the debate between the monoletheist (monoletheism being the view that all propositions have at most one truth value) and the dialetheist, it remains the case that Priest’s argument is really just an a posteriori version of this line of reasoning, and as such it is one that is just as acceptable to the Aristotelian or the classical logician as it is to the dialetheist (and the trivialist for that matter).

2008, Paul Priest Kabay, A Defense of Trivialism, page 142:

(philosophy) The idea that every proposition has at most one truth value, synonymous with the Law of Non-Contradiction.


intrinsic value

en-noun

intrinsic value (countable and uncountable, plural intrinsic values)

Let me start then, by distinguishing two concepts of intrinsic value. On the one hand, we have the notion of the value that an object has independently of all other objects— the value that an object has in itself. Philosophers sometimes try to get at this kind of value by suggesting that it is the value that an object would have even if it were the only thing existing in the universe. Although this suggestion is not without its difficulties, it points us towards the basic idea that value of this sort must depend solely upon the intrinsic — that is, roughly, nonrelational — properties of the object…This first notion of intrinsic value should be distinguished from a second concept, that of the value that an object has “as an end.” […]

1998, Shelly Kagan, “Rethinking Intrinsic Value”, in The Journal of Ethics, volume 2, number 4, pages 277–297:

Intrinsic value has traditionally been thought to lie at the heart of ethics. Philosophers use a number of terms to refer to such value. The intrinsic value of something is said to be the value that that thing has “in itself,” or “for its own sake,” or “as such,” or “in its own right.”

2014, “Intrinsic Value vs. Extrinsic Value”, in Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy:

(philosophy) Non-relational or non-instrumental value, or the value something has in itself, for its own sake, or as such.

itseisarvo

philosophy: non-relational or non-instrumental value


monoletheist

(philosophy) A person who believes in monoletheism.


clausal normal form

clausal normal form (countable and uncountable, plural clausal normal forms)

conjunctive normal form
conjunctive normal form#English

(logic) Synonym of conjunctive normal form


criteriologic

In the course of these researches, he has clearly seen that psychoanalytic views have equally a religious and a criteriologic signification.

1954, Journal of Psychotherapy as a Religious Process, page 3:

Thus we might ask Wittgenstein and Phillips if the structure of family resemblance does not dissolve the dichotomy of internal/external to which their semantic and criteriologic pragmatic contextualism is connected.

2012, Jan-Olav Henriksen, Tage Kurtén, Crisis and Change: Religion, Ethics and Theology under Late Modern Conditions, →ISBN:

Frequently the writers forget explicitly the gnoseological, criteriologic, epistemological problem or the question of knowledge whatever its denomination is to explain how to reach knowledge in general and the juridical specifically.

2013, Felipe de Jesús Fierro Alvídrez, Towards the True Law, →ISBN, page 263:

The American Philosophical Association (APA) defined critical thinking as purposeful, self-regulatory judgement that uses cognitive tools such as interpretation, analysis, evaluation, inference, and explanation of the evidential, conceptual, methodologic, criteriologic, or contextual considerations on which judgment is based.

2015, Andrea M. Battaglia, Andrea M. Steele, Small Animal Emergency and Critical Care for Veterinary Technicians, →ISBN:

(philosophy) Pertaining to criteriology.


criteriology

But it seems otherwise with reasoning as viewed by criteriology.

1991, Ernest Sosa, Knowledge in Perspective: Selected Essays in Epistemology, →ISBN, page 129:

According to Mercier, criteriology should demonstrate the fallacy of two forms of scepticism: one that casts doubts on each of the acts of the human reason and one that casts doubts on the very possibility of arriving at a knowledge of the truth.

1996, Luciano Floridi, Scepticism Ant the Foundation of Epistemology, →ISBN:

In the other kind of knowledge, reflection develops a criteriology of the divine to judge whether or not consciousness is testifying to the true God or some phantasm of the divine.

2015, Paul Rigby, The Theology of Augustine's Confessions, →ISBN, page 17:

(philosophy) The study of the validity of reasoning and the criteria necessary to achieve knowledge.


criteriologically

The conceptual netword of para (Schema IV) forks in two, according to the type of intervention on behalf of the conceptualizer, which is implied (cf. section 2.2) in the establishment of the relationship between the PS and the PO: the domain the PO applies to can be delimited by the individual sphere of an agent, i.e. a volitional instance, or it can be defined rather criteriologically, as the nature of evolving reality, which obeys standards rooted in intersubjective knowledge.

1996, Eugene H. Casad, Cognitive Linguistics in the Redwoods, →ISBN, page 280:

Truth, then, could be conceived in an abstract sense by a metaphysical ontology, or by a logical Semantics, to be a matter of correspondence between facts and propositions, which is criteriologically meaningsless, or to be a matter of private evidence about the correspondence of my propositional intentions with the self-given phenomena.

2012, Kah Kyung Cho, Philosophy and Science in Phenomenological Perspective, →ISBN, page 26:

However, one might note that the same difficulty arises with regard to the trancendental-pragmatic idea of the ultimate consensus, whereas Apel explicitly claims that a satisfactory philosophical account of truth -- of course, he considers his own account as such -- should be criteriologically relevant.

2017, Halla Kim, Steven Hoeltzel, Transcendental Inquiry: Its History, Methods and Critiques, →ISBN, page 273:


possible world

(philosophy) A world conceived in the imagination of persons and concluded to be metaphysically and logically possible because it can be so conceived.


it takes two to make a quarrel

En-au-it takes two to make a quarrel.ogg

(ethics, idiomatic) It takes two or more people to cause a quarrel; one cannot blame an argument entirely on the other side.

one volunteer is equal to two pressed men


neo-Trotskyism

(communism) Trotskyist theory updated for the contemporary era.


permanent revolution

permanent revolution (countable and uncountable, plural permanent revolutions)

(communism) The theory that socialism can be obtained without the country first experiencing a period of capitalism. The revolution must furthermore become an agent for other anticapitalist revolutions around the globe, in part to secure the revolution abroad.


pioneer scarf

pioneer scarf (plural pioneer scarves or pioneer scarfs)

pioneer scarves (plural)
pioneer scarfs (plural)

(communism) A neckerchief worn by a young pioneer, typically red in color.


truth tree

(logic) A variation of a truth table in which any node (representing a statement) has branches if and only if other statements (true or false) may be derived from it


Ennead

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἐννεάς (Enneás), itself a calque of Egyptian psḏt (“nine, nineness, ennead”), from psḏw (“nine”).

calque

(Egyptian mythology) The collection of nine gods worshipped at Heliopolis and taking part in the Heliopolitan creation myth, together representing the sum of all the elements of the created world: Atum, Shu, Tefnut, Nut, Geb, Osiris, Isis, Set, and Nephthys.


Ennead

Which Darkneſs is a fourth Property of the Moſaick Matter, and on which Plotinus inſiſts pretty copiouſly in this ſecond Ennead, and contends we can have no other notion of it, […]

1662, Henry More, “An Appendix to the Defence of the Philosophick Cabbala”, in A Collection of Several Philosophical Writings of Dr Henry More, Fellow of Christ’s Colledge in Cambridge. […], 2nd edition, London: Printed by James Flesher, for William Morden […], →OCLC, chapter VIII, paragraph 3, page 137:

[W]e find side by side in the Enneads the positive and negative conceptions of the One.

1941 April, F[rederick] C[harles] Copleston, “The Architecture of the Intelligible Universe in the Philosophy of Plotinus. An Analytical and Historical Study. By A. H. Armstrong. Pp. xii + 126. (Cambridge University Press, 1940. 7s. 6d.) [book review]”, in Christopher Dawson, editor, The Dublin Review, volume 208, number 417, London: Burns Oates & Washbourne, →OCLC, page 263:

(philosophy) One of the six parts of the writings of the Greek-speaking philosopher Plotinus (c. 204–205 – 270), each containing nine treatises, compiled by his student Porphyry (c. 234 – c. 305).


Tefnut

Borrowed from Egyptian tfnwt, tfnt (“Tefnut”).

(Egyptian mythology) A goddess of the Heliopolitan Ennead, commonly taken to be a personification of moisture


anti-agnostic

anti-agnostics (plural)
antiagnostic (alternative)

The agnostic is open towards atheism and metaphysics. The anti-agnostic selects only one option: either atheism or metaphysics, and is not agnostic about that!

(philosophy, metaphysics, religion) A person who opposes agnosticism.

αντιαγνωστικιστής

against ambiguous metaphysics; fully supporting either atheism or religion


anti-agnostic

A non ambivalent worldview, thus absolute, is always anti-agnostic!

(philosophy, metaphysics, religion) Opposed to agnosticism.

αντιαγνωστικιστικός

against ambiguous metaphysics; expressing full support to either atheism or religion


antiagnostic

The agnostic is open towards atheism and metaphysics. The antiagnostic selects only one option: either atheism or metaphysics, and is not agnostic about that!

(philosophy, metaphysics, religion) Alternative form of anti-agnostic


antiagnostic

en-adj

antiagnostic (comparative more antiagnostic, superlative most antiagnostic)

more antiagnostic (comparative)
most antiagnostic (superlative)

A non ambivalent worldview, thus absolute, is always antiagnostic!


muhurtam

muhurtams (plural)
muhurtham (alternative)

Borrowed from Sanskrit मुहूर्तम् (muhūrtam).

(India, Hinduism, astrology) An auspicious day on which an important event, usually a wedding, can be held.


mindism

(philosophy) The philosophical stance that people are basically minds.


personism

(philosophy) An ethical philosophy of personhood according to which rights are conferred on a creature to the extent that it is a person.


analetheism

(philosophy) The idea that propositions can be neither true nor false, that is that they can lack truth value, the opposite of the Law of Excluded Middle.


glawackus

(New England, mythology) A mythical monster resembling a mixture of a bear, panther, and lion, and having a fearsome screech.


nonabsolutism

(philosophy) The idea that there is no Absolute; especially the Jain doctrine of anekantavada.


werewoman

(fantasy, mythology) A woman who takes the form of an animal through a process of lycanthropy.


Arimaspi

(mythology) A legendary tribe of one-eyed people of northern Scythia, described by Herodotus.


relevance conditional

en-noun

relevance conditional (plural relevance conditionals)

To be more precise, the speaker of a relevance conditional assumes a mutual understanding on the parts of the speaker and the addressee[s] that the actualization of P is a sufficient condition for the relevance of the Q-utterance.

2001, Renaat Declerck, Susan Reed, Conditionals: A Comprehensive Empirical Analysis, page 425:

For example, relevance conditionals are constructions in conditional shape that do not seem to express a clear conditional meaning at first glance. This has led semanticists to introduce analyses of relevance conditionals that capture many of their properties but are very specific to this construction.

2013, Tatjana Scheffler, Two-dimensional Semantics: Clausal Adjuncts and Complements, Walter de Gruyter, page 124:

A known grammatical marker of relevance conditionals is their resistance to linking their antecedent and consequent clauses with 'then': consider the mild oddity of 'If you want biscuits then there are some on the table.'[…]This peculiarity of relevance conditionals is straightforwardly explained by the ellipsis theory, according to which the consequent clause doesn't in general express a real (logical) consequent; 'There are some biscuits on the table' is just asserted as true.

2016, Stephen Finlay, Confusion of Tongues: A Theory of Normative Language, Oxford University Press, page 71:

(logic, grammar) A subordinate clause, usually introduced by if, that asserts the relevance of the clause to the main clause of the sentence, but not that it entails the main clause; a construction involving such a clause.

zdanie podrzędne związku

antecedent clause that asserts a relevance relationship, not a consequence relationship, to its associated consequent clause; construction comprising such a clause and its consequent


pixiu

Borrowed from the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 貔貅 (píxiū).

(Chinese mythology, mythology) A mythical Chinese creature resembling a winged lion, supposed to bring wealth.


Aristaean

en-adj

Aristaean (comparative more Aristaean, superlative most Aristaean)

more Aristaean (comparative)
most Aristaean (superlative)

(Greek mythology) Of or relating to Aristaeus.


Venti

1858, John Brougham, Neptune’s Defeat, New York: Sameuel French, Act I, Scene 3, p. 15,
Boreas, old buster, go unlock the cave
of Æolus, and let the Venti rave.

(Roman mythology) The four Roman gods of the winds (Aquilo, Favonius, Auster, and Eurus, who were each ascribed a cardinal direction from which their respective winds came), considered collectively.


modus ponendo ponens

Borrowed from Latin modus ponendo ponens (roughly, “mode where affirming affirms”).

1. If P, then Q.

2. P.

3. Therefore, Q.

(philosophy, logic) A valid form of argument in which the antecedent of a conditional proposition is affirmed, thereby entailing the affirmation of the consequent. Modus ponendo ponens has the form:

肯定前件

a valid form of argument in which the antecedent of a conditional proposition is affirmed, thereby entailing the affirmation of the consequent


modus ponendo tollens

Borrowed from Latin modus pōnendō tollens (roughly, “mode where affirming infirms”).

1. If P, then non-Q.

2. P.

3. Therefore, non-Q.

(philosophy, logic) A valid form of argument in which the antecedent of a conditional proposition is affirmed, thereby entailing the infirmation of the consequent. Modus ponendo tollens has the form:


modus tollendo ponens

Borrowed from Latin modus tollendō pōnēns (roughly, “mode where negating confirms”).

1. Either P or Q.

2. non-P.

3. Therefore, Q.

(philosophy, logic) A valid form of argument in which the antecedent of a conditional proposition is negated, thereby entailing the affirmation of the consequent. Modus ponendo tollens has the form:


modus tollendo tollens

Borrowed from Latin modus tollendō tollēns (roughly, “mode where infirming infirms”).

1. If non-P, then non-Q.

2. non-P.

3. Therefore, non-Q.

(philosophy, logic) A valid form of argument in which the antecedent of a conditional proposition is infirmed, thereby entailing the infirmation of the consequent. Modus tollendo tollens has the form:


Red Jews

(mythology) A legendary Jewish nation mentioned in vernacular sources from medieval Germany.


diwata

Borrowed from Cebuano diwata, from Proto-Visayan *diwata, from Malay dewata, from Sanskrit देवता (devatā, “god, deity”).

(mythology, folklore) In Filipino folklore, a fairy, spirit, usually a lesser god or goddess, believed to guard natural features such as forests.


antimetaphysicalist

(philosophy) A person opposed to metaphysics; an antimetaphysical person.


antimetaphysicalism

Thus, the theory of history served as a powerful pragmatic reinforcement, in Comte's scheme, for the epistemological premises of positivism—relentless phenomenalism, antimetaphysicalism, and unitarian hierarchy of knowledge.

2004, John H. Zammito, A Nice Derangement of Epistemes, →ISBN:

Wolin does not treat Kristeller, but we can add Kristeller's case to the list; although Kristeller refrained from extended critique and self-indulgent consideration of the Heidegger problem, Kristeller's rationalist project was in effect a rebuttal in practice of Heidegger's antimetaphysicalism.

2005, Christopher S. Celenza, The Lost Italian Renaissance: Humanists, Historians, and Latin's Legacy, →ISBN:

Antimetaphysicalism dated back to Hume, who, in his celebrated Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding, declares: When we run over libraries... if we take in our hand any volume; of divinity or school metaphysics, for instance; let us ask, Does it contain any abstract reasoning concerning quantity or number? No. Does it contain any experimental reasoning concerning matter of fact and existence? No. Commit it then to the flames: for it can contain nothing but sophistry and illusion.

2013, Edwin Hung, Philosophy of Science Complete, →ISBN:

(philosophy) The denial of any metaphysics that is not grounded in science and positivism.


wimin

(feminism) Alternative spelling of women


womin

LF 36, Pisces, would like to meet a special womin with Holistic inter arts affection.

1986 April 19, “Personal advertisement”, in Gay Community News, page 13:

(feminism) Alternative spelling of woman


Sobek

Borrowed from Egyptian s-b-k:I3 (sbk).
 Doublet of Suchus.

bor+

<i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">sbk</i>

(Egyptian mythology) An ancient Egyptian deity associated with the crocodile.


cold iron

(mythology) a (possibly fictional) substance harmful to fairies; depending on the story, ordinary iron or iron treated in some way


Bookchinist

In more Bookchinist terms, will humans annex Mars to second nature, or will the species foster a third nature that transcends the legacy of human social nature on Earth?

2005, Rob Kitchin, James Kneale, editors, Lost in Space: Geographies of Science Fiction, A&C Black, →ISBN, page 170:

(anarchism) Of or pertaining to the theories of Bookchin; relating to Bookchinism.


Bookchinism

(anarchism) The theories of Murray Bookchin (1921–2006), American anarchist and political theorist, known for his work on social ecology.


pan-socialist

en-adj

pan-socialist (comparative more pan-socialist, superlative most pan-socialist)

more pan-socialist (comparative)
most pan-socialist (superlative)
pansocialist (alternative)

(anarchism, communism) Encompassing all socialist tendencies.


Xiangyao

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 相繇 (Xiāngyáo).

(Chinese mythology) Synonym of Xiangliu, a monster.


Xiangliu

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 相柳 (Xiāngliǔ).

(Chinese mythology) A hydra-like monster which terrorized the world in prehistory.


Kanghui

(Chinese mythology) Personal name of Gonggong, a monster.


Gonggong

/ˈɡɔŋ(ˈ)ɡɔŋ/

225088 Gonggong
Cambridge University Press
Gonggong

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 共工 (Gònggōng) (or 龔工／龚工 (Gōnggōng)), the name of the mythological figure.

Gong Gong (alternative)
Gong-Gong (alternative)
Gong-gong (alternative)

(Chinese mythology) A water god or monster who terrorized prehistoric China


Meleager

From Ancient Greek Μελέαγρος (Meléagros).

(Ancient Greek mythology) A hero venerated in his temenos at Calydon in Aetolia, famed as the host of the Calydonian boar hunt, and mentioned as one of the Argonauts.


Kumari Kandam

From Tamil குமரிக்கண்டம் (kumarikkaṇṭam).

bor

குமரிக்கண்டம்

(mythology) A mythical lost continent in the Indian Ocean, home to an ancient Tamil civilisation.


Utgard

Learned borrowing from Old Norse Útgarðar (“Outer Holds”). Compare to Norwegian Nynorsk utgard (“outer yard, forest space”)

cog

(Norse mythology) The abode of the giant Utgard-Loki, on the other side of the great sea that surrounds Midgard.


goblette

"I am Gwendolyn Goblin, soon to be chief on Goblin Mountain. Now get out of the way before I move you out."
"Ho, ho, ho. It is to laugh. You can't move me out, you skirted goblette. You must pay"
..
"So you're stuck, goblette," Hugh Mongous said. "Pay."
"This is outrageous!" Gwenndy said, stamping her little foot.
..
“Cups, glasses, containers, bottles, mugs—”
“Goblets?”
"Whatever."
“Nothing interesting,” Gwenny said, hoping the demoness would go away. There was no point in correcting her about the distinction between a goblet and a goblette, or in reminding her that there was only one goblin in this party. They had enough problems without having them complicated by a supernatural creature. Demonesses were supposed to be less worse than demons, being mischievous rather than mean, but their mischief could be formidable.

1992 "The Color of Her Panties" book 15 in Piers Anthony's Xanth series page 29

A girl Goblin. Happy Halloween to all you Goblins and Goblettes!

My dear, dear goblette, there is really nothing to it.

2015 "Goblin" The Adventures of Puss in Boots (Puss speaking to Cleevil)

I decided a "Goblette" was a shortstacked android goblin girl.


extrinsic value

en-noun

extrinsic value (countable and uncountable, plural extrinsic values)

(philosophy) Value which is derived relationally or instrumentally, from something’s relations to other things, or for its value as a means to reaching some other end.


personal identity

It was largely in order to defend the justice of divine rewards and punishments in the face of his own relative agnosticism about substantial souls that Locke offered his reductive empiricist analysis of personal identity in terms of consciousness and memory.

2002, Don Garrett, Cognition and Commitment in Hume's Philosophy, page 163:

(philosophy) The criteria for the persistence of persons over time (i.e. what makes one the same person as one was yesterday, or ten years ago), and the criteria for the individuation of persons from others.


nonidentity problem

The articulation of the problem is credited to Derek Parfit in his work Reasons and Persons.

(philosophy) the philosophical problem involving our ethical obligations to future persons which derives from the observation that different courses of action will result in entirely different, or nonidentical, persons coming to be.


wisdom of Silenus

1869 AD, Friedrich Nietzsche The Birth of Tragedy
"There is an old legend that king Midas for a long time hunted the wise Silenus, the companion of Dionysus, in the forests, without catching him. When Silenus finally fell into the king’s hands, the king asked what was the best thing of all for men, the very finest. The daemon remained silent, motionless and inflexible, until, compelled by the king, he finally broke out into shrill laughter and said these words, “Suffering creature, born for a day, child of accident and toil, why are you forcing me to say what would give you the greatest pleasure not to hear? The very best thing for you is totally unreachable: not to have been born, not to exist, to be nothing. The second best thing for you, however, is this — to die soon.” What is the relationship between the Olympian world of the gods and this popular wisdom? It is like the relationship of the entrancing vision of the tortured martyr to his torments. Now, as it were, the Olympic magic mountain reveals itself and shows us its roots. The Greek knew and felt the terror and horrors of existence: in order to be able to live at all, he must have placed in front of him the gleaming dream birth of the Olympians...In this way, the gods justify the lives of men, because they themselves live it — that is the only satisfactory theodicy! Existence under the bright sunshine of such gods is experienced as worth striving for in itself, and the essential pain of the Homeric men refers to separation from that sunlight, above all in the fact that such separation is coming soon, so that people could now say of them, with a reversal of the wisdom of Silenus, “The very worst thing for them was to die soon; the second worst was to die at all.” When the laments resound now, they tell once more of short-lived Achilles, of the changes in the race of men, transformed like leaves, of the destruction of the heroic age. It is not unworthy of the greatest hero to long to live on, even as a day labourer. Thus, in the Apollonian stage, the “Will” spontaneously demands to keep on living, the Homeric man feels himself so at one with living, that even his lament becomes a song of praise."

(philosophy) The idea that it is wisest for humans to have never been born, and having been born, it is wisest that they die soon.


property-theoretic

Kurt Gödel is reported to have remarked ‘‘There never were any set-theoretic paradoxes, but the property-theoretic paradoxes are still unresolved.’’ The idea behind the ﬁrst part of his remark is presumably that the notion of set was hierarchical from the start, so that it should have been obvious all along that there was no Russell set (in the mathematical sense of ‘set’). The idea behind the second part is that this obvious resolution of Russell’s ‘‘paradox’’ for sets simply doesn’t carry over to the paradox for properties.

2008, Hartry Field, Saving Truth from Paradox:

theory of properties
theory of properties

(philosophy) Of or pertaining to the theory of properties.


negand

A negation is true if and only if the negand is not true.

2006, Dov M. Gabbay, John Woods, Logic and the Modalities in the Twentieth Century, page 345:

"Maisie is a rottweiler" is the negand of "Maisie is not a rottweiler."

2012, Nicholas Jeremy Josef Smith, Logic: The Laws of Truth, page 25:

In a negation, the formula being negated is called the negand.

2015, Howard Gregory, Language and Logics:

(logic) The proposition that is to be negated.


dysteleologist

(philosophy) One who subscribes to the philosophy of dysteleology.


black pill

black pills (plural)
black-pill (alternative)
blackpill (alternative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-black pill.wav

Nihilism sense influenced by preexisting red pill. See there for further explanation.

Now that we have both the black pill and white pill results before us, we are in a position to make a few general observations.

1979, Ronald A. Howard, Life and death decision analysis, page 17:

But to me both characters in the black pill example were immoral in Kant's sense: the person who made the offer and the person who accepted it (to accept the offer of deliberately running a risk of death for dollars gain is treating humanity in yourself as a means only, whether or not you agree, or perhaps especially if you agree)

1980, C. West Churchman, “Symposium Summary the Safety Profession's Image of Humanity”, in Societal Risk Assessment,, →ISBN:

Howard [1984] bases his analysis on a "black pill” and a "white pill."

1986, Robert E. Machol, “How much safety?”, in Interfaces, volume 16, number 6:

As a useful thought experiment, we imagine an individual faced with what we call the black pill question. He is offered the chance to take a pill that will kill him instantly and painlessly with a probability he assigns as p. If he takes the pill, he will receive x dollars. Should he accept?

2013, Richard C. Schwing, Walter A. Albers, Societal Risk Assessment: How Safe is Safe Enough?, →ISBN, page 92:

In contrast, the curve for the black pill takes off asymptotically to infinity once the risk reaches about 1/10.

2017, M. Granger Morgan, Theory and Practice in Policy Analysis, →ISBN, page 123:

(philosophy) A hypothetical pill with a specific probability of causing death, which one is offered a large sum of money in order to take, as a philosophical dilemma.


white pill

We can also think of selling risks of being disabled. Suppose that a person facing a risk p of being disabled to level f could avoid that risk for a payment x. How much should he pay? We call this the disability white pill question and diagram it as shown in Figure 6.

1984, Management Science - Volume 30, page 414:

While most people find the formulation of the white pill problem to be perfectly acceptable, many find the black pill problem to be very objectionable.

2017, M. Granger Morgan, Theory and Practice in Policy Analysis, →ISBN, page 124:

(philosophy, often attributive) A philosophical dilemma in which someone who faces death or disability at a certain probability is offered a perfect antidote if they pay a specified amount of money.


limitarianism

(ethics) The belief that there should be limits on how much money or other resources any individual owns.


hircocervus

From Latin hircus (“goat”) + cervus (“stag”).

A legendary creature described as being a stag and goat hybrid, the hircocervus (“he-goat stag”) is said to have appeared in medieval bestiaries but there are no specific legends about them.

2016, Theresa Bane, Encyclopedia of Beasts and Monsters in Myth, Legend and Folklore, page 158:

(mythology) A mythical creature, half goat, half stag.


McTaggartian

en-adj

McTaggartian (comparative more McTaggartian, superlative most McTaggartian)

more McTaggartian (comparative)
most McTaggartian (superlative)

And so we would expect there to be a modal analog of our McTaggartian argument against nonpresentist A-Theories that threatens Bricker's nonstandard modal realism.

2015, Ross P. Cameron, The Moving Spotlight: An Essay on Time and Ontology:

(philosophy) Of or relating to J. M. E. McTaggart (1866–1925), idealist metaphysician.


theothanatology

en-noun

theothanatology (usually uncountable, plural theothanatologies)

It is no wonder that so many have felt humanity should overthrow such a God and be happier without him. Much of the theothanatology of the 1960s expressed optimism that civilization - particularly American civilization - was ready to do so at last.

1993, Marianthe Colakis, The classics in the American theater of the 1960s and early 1970s:

(philosophy, theology) A range of philosophical and theological explorations of the idea that God may be dead.


Momus

From Ancient Greek Μῶμος (Mômos), whose name is related to μομφή (momphḗ, “blame, reproach”).

The extraordinary section of the poem that here follows is based on the mythological story of Momus, expanded by the fancy of the modern poet. The story ran that Momus, "the jester", was hurled off Olympus by the other gods, who could not endure his satirical criticism. When Zeus gave the "fatal kick" that sent Momus off Olympus, it was fatal not so much to Momus as to the mountain of the gods, although apparently Olympus still aspired to heaven, while Momus went limping, crippled by his fall. But the gods, lacking the criticism of his Comic Spirit, rapidly degenerated, and soon fell to earth.

1912 G. M. TREVELYAN (in notes to The Poetical Works of George Meredith)

(Greek mythology) The personification of satire and mockery.


indesignate

(logic) Without any indication of quantity.


piskie

The farmer slunk away unperceived, and went to bed, where he lay a long while awake, thinking in what way he could best shew his gratitude to the piskie for such an important Service.

1865, Popular Romances of the West of England:

The piskie was in the shape of a man — very dark, black-haired, and cross-eyed.

1906, J. Henry Harris, Cornish Saints & Sinners:

Glister was determined to prove the wizened piskie wrong, but its taunts were well founded.

(mythology, fantasy literature, fairy tales) Alternative form of pixie (supernatural being): A playful sprite or elflike or fairy-like creature.


prohairesis

From Ancient Greek προαίρεσις (proaíresis, “volition, moral choice, intention”).

bor

(philosophy) The Stoic principle that people have a choice in how they judge, and are affected by, externalities.


Demetrian

en-adj

Demetrian (comparative more Demetrian, superlative most Demetrian)

more Demetrian (comparative)
most Demetrian (superlative)

(Greek mythology) Of or relating to Demeter.


grundylow

(UK, folklore, mythology) Alternative form of grindylow


grindylow

grindylows (plural)
grundylow (alternative)

Possibly connected to Grendel, the monster from the epic Beowulf.

(UK, folklore, mythology) A folkloric creature, said to inhabit water and to grab children with its long sinewy arms and drown them.


Twilight of the Gods

From German Götterdämmerung (“twilight of the gods”); by erroneously translating Old Norse ragnarǫk (“fate of the gods”), misconstrued as ragnarøkkr (“twilight of the gods”).


Mezentius

(Roman mythology) The king of Caere and ally of Turnus.


stagism

(communism) The theory that society ought to pass gradually in order to arrive at communism: first through capitalism, then through socialism (the worker’s state).


Gormflaith

Gormlaith (alternative)
Gormfhlaith (alternative)

The order of place names in the verses indicates that Olaf was Gormflaith's first husband.

2005, Benjamin T. Hudson, Viking Pirates and Christian Princes:

In any case, the intruder also knew that the High King never slept with his wife, the lady Gormflaith, these days. So now, unless the High King had invited someone else to his bed, he would be found alone.

2010, Peter Tremayne, Dancing with Demons:

Another daughter of Flann Sinna, Gormflaith, is presented to us in the literature as a genuine historic queen, a scheming queen, and a sovereignty goddess.

2013, Pauline Stafford, A Companion to the Early Middle Ages: Britain and Ireland c.500–c.1100:

(chiefly mythology) A female given name from Irish.


geometrism

(philosophy, psychology) A worldview based on geometric thinking or metaphor.


toxic femininity

Don’t get me wrong I know many rad Riot Grrris but for me the predominant kinderwhore uniform didn’t seem very different than the toxic femininity mass media was already pushing on me as a fat non white teen […]

2014, Mason J., quoted in Amos Mac & Rocco Kayiatos, "Mr. Transman San Francisco Mason J.", Original Plumbing, Winter 2014, page 33

The obsequious demands of toxic femininity require placing oneself in a diminished role in relation to a more powerful partner, who uses physical, sexual, financial, emotional, or psychological actions or threats of actions to gain or maintain power over another person.

2019, Brenda R. Weber, Latter-day Screens: Gender, Sexuality, and Mediated Mormonism, page 232:

Rather, toxic femininity is a by-product of toxic masculinity – it is the poison which arises in women's bodies and minds when they experience not just the pain of lost love, but the hopelessness of trying to be perfect, not for themselves but for men who ultimately neither understand nor value them.

2024, Van Thanh Binh, Stephen Whitehead, Self-Love for Women: Overcoming Toxic Femininity and Suffering, unnumbered page:

(feminism) The systemic pressure on women to conform to standards of beauty, femininity, modesty, etc., to the detriment of individual agency and well-being.


alteregoism

(psychology, philosophy) Altruism as a result of the identification of others with oneself.


anancasm

en-noun

anancasm (countable and uncountable, plural anancasms)

From Ancient Greek ἀνάγκασμα (anánkasma, “compulsion”).

der

If the development of ideas under the influence of the study of external facts be considered as external anancasm, — it is on the border between the external and the internal forms, — it is, of course, the principal thing in modern learning.

1923, Charles Sanders Peirce, Chance, Love and Logic: Philosophical Essays, page 294:

Far from being exclusive of one another, tychasm, anancasm, and agapasm share the same general elements; that said, these elements emerge most clearly in agapastic evolution.

2005, Susan Petrilli, Semiotics Unbounded: Interpretive Routes through the Open Network of Signs:

Anancasm is one of three modes of evolution identified by Charles Peirce, who distinguished anancasm, or evolution by mechanical necessity, from evolution by fortuitous variation (tychasm) and evolution by creative love (agapasm).

2008, John Laches, American Philosophy: An Encyclopedia, page 42:

(philosophy) In the philosophy of Charles Peirce, a mode of evolution occurring by mechanical necessity.


libertarian Marxist

en-adj

libertarian Marxist (comparative more libertarian Marxist, superlative most libertarian Marxist)

more libertarian Marxist (comparative)
most libertarian Marxist (superlative)

(communism) Of or pertaining to libertarian Marxism.


libertarian Marxist

en-noun

libertarian Marxist (plural libertarian Marxists)

(communism) One who subscribes to libertarian Marxism.


Oenomaus

Oenamaus (alternative)
Œnomaus (alternative)

(Greek mythology) A king of Pisa, son of Ares and father of Hippodamia.


teleologism

teleologism (countable and uncountable, plural teleologisms)

(philosophy) The idea that whether an action is right or wrong is determined by its consequences.


Actaeon

From Latin Actaeōn, from Ancient Greek Ἀκταίων (Aktaíōn).
In Greek mythology, Artemis transformed Actaeon into a stag with horns on his head. In European folklore, horns were considered the sign of a cuckold, whence the noun sense of Actaeon, "cuckold", and the verb sense "to cuckold", are derived. Compare horned, put horns on, etc.

Amid so much prosperity, it was one of his grandsons, Actaeon, who first brought distress to Cadmus, when antlers, foreign to his human shape, sprouted from the youth's forehead, and his hounds gorged themselves on their master's blood.

1979, Eric S. Rabkin, Fantastic Worlds: Myths, Tales, and Stories, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 62:

(Greek mythology) Grandson of Cadmus, transformed into a stag by Artemis in book III of Ovid's Metamorphoses.


Bellerophon

From Ancient Greek Βελλεροφῶν, Βελλεροφόντης (Bellerophôn, Bellerophóntēs).

der

Βελλεροφῶν, Βελλεροφόντης

(Greek mythology) A mythical hero, best known for slaying the Chimera.


semantic tableau

en-noun

semantic tableau (plural semantic tableaus or semantic tableaux)

semantic tableaus (plural)
semantic tableaux (plural)


A∴A∴

Aside from OTO, the most influential Thelemic organization historically is A∴A∴. Unlike OTO, A∴A∴ work is traditionally solitary. Therefore, it is common for Thelemites to combine A∴A∴ affiliation with membership in a fraternal[…]

2019 October 14, Manon Hedenborg White, The Eloquent Blood: The Goddess Babalon and the Construction of Femininities in Western Esotericism, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 196:

The symbols, rites, and initiatory degrees of the A∴A∴ order closely mimicked those of the Golden Dawn, but blended into the magic mix was Thelema, a religion invented by Crowley.

2021 July 20, Richard Zenith, Pessoa: A Biography, Liveright Publishing, →ISBN:

(occult) A Thelemic spiritual organization founded in 1907 by British occultists Aleister Crowley and George Cecil Jones.


Melusine

(mythology) A figure of European folklore and mythology (mostly Celtic), a female spirit of fresh water in a sacred spring or river, usually depicted as a serpent or fish from the waist down, and sometimes with wings.


Melusina

(mythology) Alternative form of Melusine


permanent revolutionary

permanent revolution
permanent revolution

(communism) Of or pertaining to permanent revolution.


permanent revolutionary

permanent revolutionary (plural permanent revolutionaries)


Mao-Spontex

democratic centralism
democratic centralism

revolutionary spontaneity
revolutionary spontaneity

(communism) A neo-Leninist, Maoist, and libertarian theory and political movement in Western Europe from 1960 to 1970 advocating for democratic centralism and revolutionary spontaneity from the lower classes.


Laius

From Latin Lāius, from Ancient Greek Λᾱ́ῐ̈ος (Lā́ĭ̈os).

(Greek mythology) The father of Oedipus and husband of Jocasta


historical subject

historical subject (plural historical subjects)

(philosophy) the consciousness of a dead person


Phrixus

(Greek mythology) Son of Athamas and brother of Helle, with whom he fled to Colchis on a golden winged ram.


Nessus

(Greek mythology) A centaur killed by Heracles, whose tainted blood in turn killed Heracles.


Otrera

From Latin Otrēra, from Ancient Greek Ὀτρήρη (Otrḗrē).

(Greek mythology) the creator and first Queen of the Amazons


desiring-production

desiring-production (countable and uncountable, plural desiring-productions)

Calque from French production désirante, which was coined by Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari in their book Anti-Œdipus (1972).

(philosophy) Desire conceptualized as a generative force rather than a mere lack of something.


grundnorm

(philosophy) The basic norm or rule that underpins a legal system.


singularism

(philosophy) The philosophical strategy that asserts the validity of only a single interpretation.


Frankfurt case

Presented by philosopher Harry Frankfurt in 1969.

(philosophy) Any of a set of counterexamples to the principle of alternate possibilities (PAP), which holds that an agent is morally responsible for an action only if they could have acted otherwise.


partialitas

From Latin partiālis + -itās? Used by Professor H. F. Hallett in his book Aeternitas: A Spinozistic study (1930).

(philosophy) The unique human position in Spinozan philosophy, where humans are simultaneously (i) 'finite modalities' as 'contingent' beings and (ii) because of human potential through the development and maturation of the intellect, a part of the 'infinite modalites' and hence a metaphysical part of the 'real'.


Thomson's lamp

The idea was devised in 1954 by British philosopher James F. Thomson.

(philosophy) A hypothetical lamp in a philosophical paradox. The lamp is repeatedly turned on and off by means of a switch; at the end of this time period, regarded as the sum of an infinite series of intervals, it seems paradoxically that the lamp cannot be either on or off.


hedonium

Suppose that we agreed to allow almost the entire accessible universe to be converted into hedonium—everything except a small preserve, say the Milky Way, which would be set aside to accommodate our own needs.

2014, Nick Bostrom, Superintelligence, page 219:

It’s because we intuitively or pre-theoretically think that we shouldn’t give all our cookies to the utility monster or kill ourselves to tile the solar system with hedonium that we reject the straightforward extension of utilitarian happiness-maximizing theory to such cases and reach for a different solution.

2015 November 17, Eric Schwitzgebel, Mara Garza, “A Defense of the Rights of Artificial Intelligences”, in Midwest Studies in Philosophy:

Suppose the AI goes on to convert all matter in the accessible universe to hedonium, i.e., to rearrange matter so as to produce the greatest amount of pleasurable experience per unit mass.

2016, Olle Häggström, Here Be Dragons, page 122:

The Machine Intelligence Research Institute's Buck Shlegeris recently recounted a conversation where “someone said that after the Singularity, if there was a magic button that would turn all of humanity into homogenous goop optimized for happiness (aka hedonium), they'd press it.[…]”

2020, Brian Christian, “Uncertainty”, in The Alignment Problem, New York: W.W. Norton & Company, →ISBN:

artificial intelligence
artificial intelligence

(philosophy of artificial intelligence, rare) Matter arranged in a way that produces pleasure or happiness as efficiently as possible, as might be encouraged by philosophical hedonism.


Third Period

(communism, history) According to an obsolete theory, a period shortly after the Great Depression in which capitalism would be marked by further crises and then soon collapse.


classical planet

classical planet (plural classical planets)

(astrology, astronomy) The seven non-fixed astronomical objects in the sky, as opposed to the fixed stars.


Mengidabrutkoel

(mythology) A spider demigod in Palauan mythology who introduced natural childbirth.


state socialism

state socialism (countable and uncountable, plural state socialisms)

state socialisms (plural)
state-socialism (alternative)

(socialism) A type of socialism wherein some or many of the means of production are controlled by the state, the state in turn being operated by (or on behalf of) the workers.


omnism

omnism (countable and uncountable, plural omnisms)

(philosophy, religion) The doctrine of allness, completeness, and totality.


Myrtilus

(Greek mythology) A divine hero and son of Hermes.


permanent revolutionist

permanent revolutionist (plural permanent revolutionists)

permanent revolutionary
permanent revolutionary#English

(communism, rare) Synonym of permanent revolutionary


inclinationism

(philosophy) The idea that people can innately identify what is good; opposed to derivationism.


derivationism

(philosophy) The idea that people can only identify what is good by deriving it from human nature; opposed to inclinationism.


orcess

My gaze fell on an orcess. It was the first time I'd seen a woman from the race of the Firstborn. She looked a lot like Miralissa, except that her hair wasn't gathered into a braid, but a long tail. The orcess was armed with two crooked swords

Kalatea was an orc-more precisely an orcish madien. Hmm...Or is it orcess? I don't know what the proper term for her was, but the main gist was evident-she was large and green.

2018, The Phantom Castle: The Way of the Shaman: Book #4 LitRPG series, page 64:

"And this is my vassal Mahk the Orcess," I gestured towards my imposing pet. She simply grunted. Orcs hated social formalities.

2018, The Shadow of the Rogue: The Rogue's Gambit, page 69:


Makhnovshchina

From Russian махно́вщина (maxnóvščina) or Ukrainian махно́вщина (maxnóvščyna). Both mean "the thing relating to Makhno", and are equivalent to Махно (Maxno) + -ов (-ov) + -ский (-skij) + -ина (-ina).

(anarchism, communism) Synonym of Makhnovism


refutationism

(epistemology) A scientific philosophy based on the requirement that hypotheses must be falsifiable in order to be scientific; if a claim is not able to be refuted it is not a scientific claim.


people's warrior

people's warrior (plural people's warriors)


contradictionism

(logic, philosophy) A worldview according to which contradictory statements can both be true.


neo-Bolshevism

neo-bolshevism (alternative)
neobolshevism (alternative)


Marxist-Leninism

Marxist-Leninism (usually uncountable, plural Marxist-Leninisms)


utopian socialism

utopian socialism (countable and uncountable, plural utopian socialisms)

utopian socialisms (plural)
Utopian socialism (alternative)

(history, socialism) Socialism that is focussed on planning and building a flawless and egalitarian society, but has little to no concern with methodology, class struggle, and the status quo at large.


computationism

Although computers are a twentieth-century invention, computationism is much older, descending from Newton's contemporary Leibniz (and, arguably, more remotely from the Pythagoreans). It holds that everything is rationally intelligible only so far as it instantiates mathematical rules and ratios. As understood by Leibniz and his followers, computationism was explicitly hostile to all versions of materialism.

2003, The Cambridge Companion to Darwin, page 13:

(philosophy) Synonym of computationalism


singular existential statement

singular existential statement (plural singular existential statements)

singular existential statements (plural)

The statement In 1697, during the expedition of Dutch explorer Willem de Vlamingh, there were black swans on the Swan River in Australia is a singular existential statement, while There are black swans is not.

existential quantifier
existential quantifier

(epistemology) In Popperian epistemology, a statement that contains the equivalent of an existential quantifier and one or more proper names.


Atreus

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἀτρεύς (Atreús).

(Greek mythology) A mythological king of Mycenae and son of Pelops and Hippodamia.


language game

Ludwig Wittgenstein
en:Language game (philosophy)

Calque of German Sprachspiel, coined by Ludwig Wittgenstein.

(philosophy) A set of rules governing how participants respond to utterings.


Gorlois

The name first appears in Geoffrey of Monmouth's Historia Regum Britanniae (c. 1136).

(mythology) The husband of Igraine prior to Uther Pendragon, in Arthurian legend.


lived experience

lived experience (countable and uncountable, plural lived experiences)

In the philosophy of Wilhelm Dilthey, the human sciences are based on lived experience, which makes them fundamentally different from the natural sciences, which are considered to be based on scientific experiences.

(phenomenology) The experiences and choices of a given person, and the knowledge that they gain as a result.


Priapos

(Greek mythology) Alternative form of Priapus


Yushan

Yü-shan (alternative)
Yu Shan (alternative)
Yü Shan (alternative)

(Chinese mythology) Jade Mountain, a mythological mountain and residence of The Queen Mother of the West


definitionism

1992, William R. LaFleur, Liquid Life: Abortion and Buddhism in Japan, Princeton University Press, page 15, Quoted in 2015, Adam C. Pelser, Robert C. Roberts, 18: Religious value and moral psychology, Tobias Brosch, David Sander (editors), Handbook of Value, Oxford University Press, page 388,
Instead of logic chopping and the unconnected neat boxes produced by definitionism, ritual provides activities that fuse a wide variety of things that seem otherwise unrelated.

Some philosophers have not given up on definitionism.

2006, Jack S. Crumley II, A Brief Introduction to the Philosophy of Mind, Rowman & Littlefield, page 152:

Perhaps definitionism does not work for all complex concepts.

2007, Karen Neander, “Biological Approaches to Mental Representation”, in Mohan Matthan, Christopher Stephens, editors, Philosophy of Biology, North-Holland: Elsevier, page 561:

(philosophy, metaphilosophy) The school of thought that for a theory to be properly explained it is necessary that all concepts used by the theory be well-defined.


Até

(Greek mythology) A goddess of mischief, delusion, ruin, and folly, the daughter either of Zeus or of Eris.


inderivative

en-adj

inderivative (comparative more inderivative, superlative most inderivative)

more inderivative (comparative)
most inderivative (superlative)

Only if comprehension is meant as a primary phenomenon can time be thought as an ecstatic disclosedness, i.e. an original, ontologically inderivative, unprogrammable non-functionalistic and essential temporality, which always involves and concerns us.

2015, Flavia Santoianni, The Concept of Time in Early Twentieth-Century Philosophy:

(philosophy) Without derivation, autonomous.


Macris

(Greek mythology) A daughter of Aristaeus and Autonoe.


liberty of indifference

(philosophy) Freedom of the will because, before action, the will is undetermined as to acting or not acting.


swan maiden

(mythology) A woman able to shapeshift between human and swan forms.


Claíomh Solais

From Irish Claíomh Solais (literally “Sword of Light”).

bor

(Irish mythology) The "Sword of Light", one of the Four Treasures of the Tuatha Dé Danann which belonged to Núadu.


pishtaco

pishtacos (plural)
pishtaku (alternative)

From a Quechua language term "pishtay", meaning "cut the throat of, cut up".

They are often told that the pishtaco is going to carry them off if they do not behave. Thus, they are taught to fear the mestizo and white man at an early age. The pishtaco also maintains conformity among adults. Individualism is not a norm ...

However, the pishtaco is not an Andean Minotaur. It is, rather, an indigenous Andean folk symbol of Spanish, and later criollo, colonialist oppression. Pishtacos are represented as white foreigners, ...

1997, Milos Kokotovic, Confronting Postmodernism:

For this part of the operation, the pishtaco is said to import specialized equipment from the United States, Germany, or Japan.

2005, Don Kulick, Anne Meneley, Fat, →ISBN:

This explains why the first pishtaco figures in the legend were priests and soldiers. As the power structure changed, so did the pishtaco figure. In later versions of the story he rode a horse and wore leather chaps like a rancher, ...

2008, Jennifer McLagan, Fat, →ISBN, page 217:

(mythology, folklore) A mythical white male demon in South American folklore, who steals and eats the bodyfat of indigenous South Americans, or cuts up their flesh to convert it into food.


panlogism

Coined by Johann Eduard Erdmann as New Latin Panlogismus in Die Entwicklung der deutschen Speculation seit Kant. Ultimately from Ancient Greek παν- (pan-) + λόγος (lógos) + -ισμός (-ismós), equivalent to pan- + Logos + -ism.

af

(philosophy) The Hegelian doctrine that the universe is the act or realization of Logos, and therefore logic and ontology are the same study.


manqabat

From Hindustani منقبت / मनक़बत (manaqbat).

(Sufism) A Sufi devotional poem in praise of Ali ibn Abi Talib, the son-in-law of Muhammad, or of any Sufi saint.


Eleutheria

From Ancient Greek Ἐλευθερία (Eleuthería).

(Greek mythology) A personification of liberty, represented on certain ancient coins, and sometimes denoting the goddess Artemis.


futureness

en-noun

futureness (countable and uncountable, plural futurenesses)

/ˈfjʉːt͡ʃɘnɘs/

To our conclusion, that TIME is the equivalent of Pastness, Presentness, and Futureness, combined, it may be objected, that the word Time is applicable to all the three cases; as we can say, past time, present time, and future time, all with equal propriety.

1829, James Mill, Analysis of the Phenomena of the Human Mind, Volume 2, page 103:

What is posited as future is just the futureness of a sprout. That is, the sprout that will come is not future since when it exists, it exists at the present time.

1990, Daniel Cozort, Unique Tenets of The Middle Way Consequence School: The Systematization of the Philosophy of the Indian Buddhist Prāsaṅgika- Mādhyamika School by the Tibetan Ge-luk-ba Scholastic Tradition, page 225:

Furthermore, just as with the two passive syntheses, the third constitutive synthesis is a perspective of time giving us the elements of the futureness of the present and the futureness of the past.

2016 September 8, David Deamer, Deleuze's Cinema Books: Three Introductions to the Taxonomy of Images, page 49:

(philosophy, psychology) The quality of occurring in, being, or being related to the future.


erogatory

en-adj

erogatory (comparative more erogatory, superlative most erogatory)

more erogatory (comparative)
most erogatory (superlative)

From Latin ērogō (“pay out, expend”), from ex (“out of, from”) + rogō (“ask; request”).

Indeed, if the costs of going to war were lowered, what was supererogatory might become erogatory: lowering the costs to humanitarian war may take away one of the principal motivations (the harm to the intervening agent) for making it supererogatory.

2013, Bradley Jay Strawser, Killing by Remote Control: The Ethics of an Unmanned Military, →ISBN:

For gay celebrities, is the duty to come out erogatory or supererogatory, and similarly, if others have a duty to out them, is this erogatory or supererogatory?

2015, Laurie J. Shrage, Robert Scott Stewart, Philosophizing About Sex, →ISBN:

One might say, plausibly, that the second is “merely erogatory”; it counts as the fulfillment of one's moral obligations, but not in a way that is particularly morally special.

2016, Dale Dorsey, The Limits of Moral Authority, →ISBN, page 62:

(philosophy, ethics) Doing the good that is required in a situation; meeting the moral obligations.


prejacent

Multiple origins. Borrowed from Middle French prejacent (“previously existing”) during the sixteenth century. Also attested in twelfth century British sources, from post-classical Latin praeiacens (“situated before”).

bor

So, every exception set S that is not a subset of C(={b}) makes the prejacent statement false, i.e. makes it so that some (NPᵂ–S) (VPᵂ)=0.

2013, John Gajewski, “An analogy between a connected exceptive phrase and polarity items”, in Eva Csipak, Regine Eckardt, Mingya Liu, editors, Beyond ‘Any’ and ‘Ever’: New Explorations in Negative Polarity, page 196:

(logic, of a proposition) Laid out earlier, prior.


prejacent

The subject of the prejacent and its exclusive must be one and the same (I grant that), but the subject of the prejacent ‘every man is a man’ is just ‘man’

1979 [c. 1499], Norman Kretzman, Logica Magna, translation of original by Pauli Veneti, pages 27–29:

I have suggested elsewhere (Horn 1992: 182-83) that this case requires an invocation of the notion of explicature or pragmatic enrichment […] so that the prejacent, while not constituting part of the linguistic meaning contributed by only, enters into the determination of what is said and hence into the enriched propositional content.

1997, Laurence Horn, “Negative polarity and the dynamics of vertical inference”, in Danielle Forget, Paul Hirschbühler, France Martineau, María Luisa Rivero, editors, Negation and Polarity, page 176:

(philosophy, logic, linguistics) A proposition laid out previously; a proposition from which another proposition is inferred.


anarcho-Bolshevism

(anarchism, sometimes derogatory, politics) Anarchism with Bolshevik characteristics.


toposophy

His speculations on the "toposophy" of Superior Artificial Intelligences can be read as a materialistic version of theosophy — a theosophy without a teleology.

1986, Science-fiction Studies - Volume 13, page 250:

The practice of topos theory quickly spawned an associated philosophy—jocularly known as “toposophy”— whose chief tenet is the idea that, like a model of set theory, any topos may be taken as a taken as an autonomous universe of discourse or “world” in which mathematical concepts can be interpreted and constructions performed.

2005, John L. Bell, “The development of categorical logic”, in Handbook of philosophical logic:

For just as Goedel's proof demonstrates the existence of such islands of mathematical truth, such archipelagoes as are separated from the continent of mathematics by a distance that cannot be traversed by any step-by-step progress, so toposophy demonstrates the existence of unknown forms of Intelligence which are separated from the continent of evolutionary labors by a distance which non step-by-step adaptation of genes can cross.

2012 -, Stanislaw Lem, Imaginary Magnitude, →ISBN, page 70:

Quantum toposophy also accommodates the feeling that quantum mechanics is so radical that not just the actors of clasical mechanics, but its whole stage must be replaced.

2017, Klaas Landsman, Foundations of Quantum Theory:

(philosophy) The idea that any intellectual subject can be treated as an independent topos which can be described and understood in purely mathematical terms.


platinum rule

Learn how to build rapport with others by identifying their personality or behavioral style and use it to fulfill the platinum rule (treating others how they would want to be treated).

2014, Thomas Ventimiglia, Quest for your Empowered Self, →ISBN, page 312:

(ethics) The principle that one should treat people the way they want to be treated, as opposed to the way one wants to be treated by them.

(ethics, humorous) The principle that one should treat people the exact same way those people treat others.


himpathy

But this isn't because the problem of himpathy is rare. On the contrary -- it's so common that we regard it as business as usual.

2017, Kate Manne, Down Girl: The Logic of Misogyny, →ISBN, page 196:

For too long we have clung to the idea of “himpathy”, as Washington Times journalist Irin Carmon so perfectly described it at the writers' festival.

2018 May 13, Helen Pitt, “Drop the 'himpathy': Clarion call of Sydney Writers' Festival's #MeToo moment”, in The Sydney Morning Herald:

Examples of “himpathy” abound. Cosby was buoyed by public support for decades, even as more than 60 women accused him of sexual assault.

2019 December 18, Anne Kingston, “Will Harvey Weinstein's big show produce ‘himpathy’?”, in Maclean’s:

(feminism) Inappropriate sympathy given to men or boys, especially those who are guilty of sexual transgressions.


scientific socialism

en-noun

scientific socialism (countable and uncountable, plural scientific socialisms)

Calque of French socialisme scientifique.

cal

Ainsi, dans une société donnée, l’autorité de l’homme sur l’homme est en raison inverse du développement intellectuel auquel cette société est parvenue, et la durée probable de cette autorité peut être calculée sur le désir plus ou moins général d’un gouvernement vrai, c’est-à-dire, d’un gouvernement selon la science. Et de même que le droit de la force et le droit de la ruse se restreignent devant la détermination de plus en plus large de la justice, et doivent finir par s’éteindre dans l’égalité ; de même la souveraineté de la volonté cède devant la souveraineté de la raison, et finira par s’anéantir dans un socialisme scientifique.

1849 [1840], Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, “Chapitre V. Second Partie. § 2.”, in Qu’est ce que la propriété?, page 242; English translation from “Chapter V. Part Second. § 2.”, in Benjamin Tucker, transl., What Is Property?, translation of original in French, 1876, page 277:

(socialism, obsolete) Society governed by science.

Diese weltbefreiende Tat durchzuführen, ist der geschichtliche Beruf des modernen Proletariats. Ihre geschichtlichen Bedingungen und damit ihre Natur selbst zu ergründen, und so der zur Aktion berufenen, heute unterdrückten Klasse die Bedingungen und die Natur ihrer eignen Aktion zum Bewußtsein zu bringen, ist die Aufgabe des theoretischen Ausdrucks der proletarischen Bewegung, des wissenschaftlichen Sozialismus.

1975 [1878], Friedrich Engels, “Dritter Abschnitt. II.”, in Herrn Eugen Dühring’s Umwälzung der Wissenschaft (Mark-Engels-Werke; 20), page 265; English translation from “Part III. II.”, in Emile Burns, transl., Herr Eugen Dühring's Revolution in Science (Marx/Engels Collected Works; 25), translation of original in German, 1987, pages 270-271:

Нау́чный социали́зм предполага́ет «материалисти́ческое понима́ние исто́рии», т. е. он объясня́ет духо́вную исто́рию челове́чества разви́тием его́ обще́ственных отноше́ний (ме́жду про́чим, под влия́нием окружа́ющей приро́ды).

1923 [1883], Георгий Плеханов [Georgi Plekhanov], chapter II, in Социализм и политическая борьба (Г. В. Плеханов – Сочинения; II), page 45; English translation from chapter II, in Socialism and the Political Struggle (Georgi Plekhanov – Selected Philosophical Works in Five Volumes; I), 1974, page 67:

Naúčnyj socialízm predpolagájet «materialistíčeskoje ponimánije istórii», t. je. on obʺjasnjájet duxóvnuju istóriju čelovéčestva razvítijem jevó obščéstvennyx otnošénij (méždu próčim, pod vlijánijem okružájuščej priródy).

(socialism) Socialism that starts from the analysis of capitalism, revealing its inner workings and contradictions, in order to develop a plan to move from capitalism to socialism.


agere sequitur esse

From Latin agere sequitur esse (“doing follows being”).

(philosophy) Thomist metaphysical and moral principle that indicates the connection of ontology, obligation, and ethics.


Valetudo

(Roman mythology) Roman goddess of health and hygiene (equivalent to the Greek Hygieia), great-granddaughter of Jupiter.


psycho-functionalism

(philosophy) A form of functionalism (philosophical paradigm of mind) based on the rejection of behaviorist theories in psychology and their replacement with empirical cognitive models of the mind.


psychofunctionalism

(philosophy) Alternative form of psycho-functionalism


psycho-functionalist

(philosophy) One who believes in psycho-functionalism.


psychofunctionalist

(philosophy) Alternative form of psycho-functionalist


conceptionism

From conception + -ism. In the philosophical sense, introduced by Ruth Millikan.

(philosophy) The belief that the extension of a concept or term is determined by some aspect of the speaker's conception of its extension.


p-zombie

philosophical zombie
philosophical zombie#English

(philosophy) Abbreviation of philosophical zombie.


philosophical zombie

en-noun

philosophical zombie (plural philosophical zombies)

(philosophy) Any hypothetical being that lacks sentience and consciousness but appears not to, often used to illuminate various philosophical concepts.


All-Father

the All-Father (canonical)
Allfather (alternative)

(Germanic paganism, Norse mythology) Odin.


Pangu

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 盤古／盘古 (Pángǔ).

zh-l

盤古／盘古 (Pángǔ)

(Chinese mythology) The first living being and creator of all in Chinese mythology.


Lob Lie-by-the-fire

Lob-lie-by-the-fire (alternative)
Lob Lie-by-the-Fire (alternative)

(mythology) A hairy man in English folklore, similar to the brownie, said to perform housework in return for a saucer of milk and a place beside the fire.


amphisbaenic

en-adj

amphisbaenic (comparative more amphisbaenic, superlative most amphisbaenic)

more amphisbaenic (comparative)
most amphisbaenic (superlative)


Tlazolteotl

(mythology) An Aztec goddess of vice, filth etc. and of steam baths and purification.


refranation

en-noun

refranation (usually uncountable, plural refranations)

(astrology) The failure of a planetary aspect to occur.


Comus

(Greek mythology) The god of festivity, revels and nocturnal dalliances, a son of Dionysus.


rightdoer

(ethics) A person who does what is right.


Scorpionic

en-adj

Scorpionic (comparative more Scorpionic, superlative most Scorpionic)

more Scorpionic (comparative)
most Scorpionic (superlative)

From Latin Scorpiō (stem Scorpiōn-) + -ic.


onomatoid

(philosophy) In the philosophy of reism, any name denoting a state, relation, property, etc. rather than a body.


womban

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-womban.wav


Ismene

Ismene and the Guard are the opposite of Antigone and Creon, yet for a full understanding of the human condition they are equally important.

2012, André Lardinois, “5: Antigone”, in Kirk Ormand, editor, A Companion to Sophocles, Wiley-Blackwell, page 65:

(Greek mythology) A daughter and half-sister of Oedipus, daughter and granddaughter of Jocasta, and sister of Antigone, Eteocles and Polynices.

(Greek mythology) A daughter of the river-god Asopus by the nymph Metope.


qualitative leap

en-noun

qualitative leap (plural qualitative leaps)

Modified from dialectical leap, the latter a calque of German dialektischer Sprung, a concept from Hegel's dialectical method. The modifier qualitative means that the leap in question is a transition in quality, where the latter should be understood in its original sense of “what-ness”, that is, the kind or nature of something.

(philosophy) A qualitative, non-gradual change resulting from a quantitatively minor change.


wechuge

(mythology) a demonic cannibal spirit known in North America, which is said to commit murder due to craving humans.


middle term

(logic) The term of a syllogism that appears in both the major premise and the minor premise, but not in the conclusion.


Pelopid

(Greek mythology) Any of the descendants of Pelops.


counterinduction

(logic) The opposite process to induction (creation of a specific example of a general principle)


malefic planet

(astrology) A planet thought to bring bad luck to those born within its radius.


eternal now

For the bliss of the animals lies in this, that, on their lower level, they shadow the bliss of those—few at any moment on the earth—who do not "look before and after, and pine for what is not," but live in the holy carelessness of the eternal now.

1879, George MacDonald, chapter 2, in Sir Gibbie:

We never go beyond the present. […] Tomorrow never comes. Our existence is enclosed within the divine moment, the eternal now.

1884, Warren Felt Evans, The Divine Law of Cure, page 107:

Who is it that needs history the most? Our children, of course. […] Unless they can be won to history, their imagination will be held hostage in the cage of eternal Now: the flickering instant that's gone as soon as it has arrived.

2010 November 9, Simon Schama, “My vision for history in schools”, in Guardian (UK), retrieved 2019-01-02:

Brynner used photography as a way to stay in love with his day job, filling hours spent waiting on film sets by strolling among friends and crew with a Leica slung around his neck. His images reveal a talent for accruing images of subjects utterly at ease in his presence and rare treasures indeed when seen alongside stilted studio publicity visuals. […] These are some of the most noted names of the era and—whether in stylish monochrome or courtesy of Kodachrome’s pinks and yellows—they appear rapt and relaxed, exhilarated to be living their kind of life in a sun-drenched, eternal now.

2012 January 14, Lucy Davies, “Yul Brynner: a photographic journey”, in Telegraph (UK), retrieved 2019-01-02:

He quoted a former speechwriter for Mr. Bush, Michael Gerson, about Mr. Trump: “He lives in the eternal now—no history, no consequences.”

2018 October 18, Maggie Haberman, “A President Who Believes He Is Entitled to His Own Facts”, in New York Times (USA), retrieved 2019-01-02:

(religion, philosophy, psychology) The condition in which all reality is experienced in the present, with the past contained only in memory and the future only in anticipation or speculation.

[Heidegger] is trying to avoid any conception of time that begins with a distinction between time and eternity. On this understanding of time, classically expressed in Augustine's Confessions, temporality is derived from a higher non-temporal state of eternity, which is co-extensive with the infinite and eternal now of God.

2009 July 27, Simon Critchley, “Heidegger's Being and Time, part 8: Temporality”, in Guardian (UK), retrieved 2019-01-02:

(religion, philosophy) The nature of God's existence which is outside of time; the nature of a soul's existence in a supposed timeless afterlife.


preestablished harmony

(philosophy) Gottfried Leibniz's philosophical theory of causation, according to which every substance affects only itself, but all the substances in the world (both bodies and minds) nevertheless seem to interact with each other causally because they have been programmed in advance by God to harmonize with each other.


Heracleidae

(Greek mythology) The descendants of Heracles.


Heraclidan

(Greek mythology) Of or relating to the Heraclids.


Hydaspes

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ὑδάσπης (Hudáspēs), proposed to have been borrowed from Old Persian *Vidāspaʰ (literally “caring for horses”), from *vīd- (“to take care of”) + 𐎠𐎿𐎱 (a-s-p, “horse”) to explain the development -sp- instead of -st-, but this has no basis in any attested names for the river.

der

(Greek mythology) A god associated with the river.


DSA

Until very recently, it wasn’t that socialism was toxic in a red-scare way. It was irrelevant, in a dustbin-of-history way. But then came Bernie Sanders’s 2016 candidacy, then the membership boom of DSA, then the proliferation of socialist cultural products like Chapo, and then, finally, the spectacular rise of Ocasio-Cortez.

2019 March 3, Simon van Zuylen-Wood, “When Did Everyone Become a Socialist?”, in New York Magazine:

Democratic Socialists of America
w:Democratic Socialists of America

(US politics, socialism) Initialism of Democratic Socialists of America.


Dellingr

Borrowed from Old Norse Dellingr, formally as if from Proto-Germanic *Dallingaz, perhaps "shining one", related to Old English deal (“proud, bright”) and possibly the second element of Old Norse Heimdallr and Mardǫll. Another proposed etymology is Proto-Germanic *Dagilingaz (“dayspring”), from *dagaz (“day”);

(Norse mythology) a figure in Norse mythology, the father of Dagr (the Day)


tertiary planet

en-noun

tertiary planet (plural tertiary planets)

(astrology) An aspect in astrology, a calculated node in a reading, that is not a real planet.


presocialist

en-adj

presocialist (comparative more presocialist, superlative most presocialist)

more presocialist (comparative)
most presocialist (superlative)
pre-socialist (alternative)

(socialism) Preceding socialism; before a socialist revolution.


presocialist

presocialists (plural)
pre-socialist (alternative)

utopian socialist
utopian socialist#English

(rare, socialism) Synonym of utopian socialist


presocialism

(socialism) That social order preceding socialism; the transition to socialism.

utopian socialism
utopian socialism#English

(rare, socialism) Synonym of utopian socialism


scientific socialist

en-noun

scientific socialist (plural scientific socialists)


stagist

(communism) Of or pertaining to stagism.


many-valued logic

many-valued logic (plural many-valued logics)

propositional calculus
propositional calculus

(logic) A kind of non-classical propositional calculus whose semantics makes use of more than two truth values.


horned syllogism

horned syllogism (plural horned syllogisms)


demonifugic

This refers to a demonifugic talisman endorsed in the Shangqing tradition. See Robinet, Taoist Meditation, p. 32.

1998, Stephen Eskildsen, Asceticism in Early Taoist Religion, fn. 36, page 200:

Among the flora and fauna mentioned in the older sections of the Classic of the Mountains and the Seas, thirty-nine species are mentioned as having medicinal (primarily demonifugic) value and twenty-nine were worn on the body for protection against demons.

2004, Richard Von Glahn, The Sinister Way: The Divine and the Demonic in Chinese Religious Culture, page 109:

(occult, often Chinese mysticism) Of, relating to, or resembling a demonifuge.


Heimdall

(Norse mythology) The Norse god who guards the rainbow bridge Bifrost, using his keen eyesight and hearing to watch for invaders and the onset of Ragnarok.


aspectism

But despite the admonition, this triple aspectism disintegrates as the volume becomes divided into three parts, knowledge, feeling, and will.

1949, Benjamin Wolstein, Experience and valuation: a study in John Dewey's naturalism, page 12:

...and in his zeal to do justice to all the facts his categories proliferate into at least 25 or 26 pairs of polar opposites, each pair of which may be discussed in terms of his nine types—onepole-ism, other-pole-ism, dualism, and aspectism, each in both extreme and modified forms, and organicism as the ninth and central type.

1958, The Journal of Philosophy - Volume 55, page 56:

Psychophysiology proliferated with Cartesian interactionism, Liebnizian parallelism, and Spinozistic double aspectism.

1971, Jacob Robert Kantor, The aim and progress of psychology and other sciences:

(philosophy) The belief that apparently distinct features of a person (such as body vs. soul) are actually just different aspects, or ways of looking at, of a unified entity.


enlightened absolutism

enlightened absolutism (countable and uncountable, plural enlightened absolutisms)

(politics, philosophy) The policies of an absolute monarch who is influenced by the ideals of the Enlightenment.


principle of sufficient reason

(philosophy) The proposition that nothing happens without a sufficient reason why it should be as it is and not otherwise.


psychogony

psychogony (countable and uncountable, plural psychogonies)

Borrowed from Middle French psychogonie, from Late Latin psychogonia, from Koine Greek ψυχογονία (psukhogonía), from ψυχή (psukhḗ, “soul, mind”) + γόνος (gónos, “descent”). By surface analysis, psycho- + -gony.

(philosophy) The study of the origins and development of the soul or mind.


space herpes

Ice Pirates “A ‘Star Wars’ rip-off with S&M scenes, twelfth-rate jokes, and ‘space herpes’”

1985, “1984 entertainment: Movies to see and shun”, in Michiganensian, volume 89, page 60:

Oh! Did we mention that there are families aboard the Enterprise? Yeah, it turns out there are. Because Starfleet did this study and realized that Space Herpes - also known as Kirk's Syndrome - spreads considerably slower if its officers have their spouses and children onboard their ship.

2009 September 17, Wil Wheaton, quotee, “Wil Wheaton's ‘Memories of the Futurecast’ Engages us With Awesome”, in Wired:

“Space herpes got your tongue, boy?” The man came to a stop in front of him. ¶ For some reason the idea of a mutated venereal disease frightened him more than the idea this man could mug him or worse.

2010, P. I. Barrington, Gail Delaney, J. Morgan, Borealis I:

(science fiction, ufology, fandom slang, slang) A generic disease found in space, especially one transmissible by sexual encounters.

shingles

skin condition from reactivated VZV herpesvirus in later life


para-fascism

parafascism (alternative)
para-Fascism (alternative)

/ˌpæɹəˈfæʃɪz(ə)m/

/ˌpɛɹəˈfæʃˌɪzəm/

From para- (prefix meaning ‘alongside, beside’) + fascism.

prefix

Portugal, Austria, Greece, Slovakia, Hungary, Bulgaria, Romania, the Baltic States, all provide examples of this Ersatz fascism, or what might be termed 'para-fascism'.

1996, Gunter Berghaus, Günter Berghaus, Fascism and Theatre: Comparative Studies on the Aesthetics and Politics of Performance in Europe, 1925-1945, Berghahn Books, →ISBN, page 19:

It is perhaps too early to say how Spanish para-fascism differed from (national-) Catholicism in its treatment of the foreign.

2010 October 27, C. Rundle, K. Sturge, Translation Under Fascism, Springer, →ISBN, page 113:

(fascism) A social order giving off impressions of being dynamically fascist and populist, but trying to abstain from its most radical practices.


Revisionist Maximalism

(fascism, historical) A short-lived Jewish fascist movement.


Achlys

(Greek mythology) An ancient Greek goddess of death-mist, misery and sadness.


Aion

From Ancient Greek Αἰών (Aiṓn, “Greek god or personification, Gnostic spirit”).

bor

Eon (alternative)
Aeon (alternative)
Æon (alternative)

(Greek mythology) A Hellenistic deity associated with time, the orb or circle encompassing the universe, and the zodiac.

Eon

Greek god associate with time, the universe and the zodiac


Phanes

(Greek mythology) The primordial god of creation in the Orphic cosmogony.


Ophion

(Greek mythology) A Titan-king of heaven, before being overthrown by Cronus and Rhea.


canonical disjunctive normal form

en-noun

canonical disjunctive normal form (uncountable)

Meronym: minterm

Disjunctive normal form
disjunctive normal form

(logic) Disjunctive normal form with the additional property that all of the terms of the sum contain the same literals, so that the terms differ from each other only in their patterns of complementation (of their literals).

kanoninen disjunktiivinen normaalimuoto

disjunctive normal form with the additional property that all of the terms of the sum contain the same literals, so that the terms differ from each other only in their patterns of complementation (of their literals)

but see kanoniczna alternatywna postać normalna


canonical conjunctive normal form

canonical conjunctive normal form (plural canonical conjunctive normal forms)

canonical conjunctive normal forms (plural)

Conjunctive normal form
conjunctive normal form

(logic) Conjunctive normal form with the additional property that all of the terms of the product contain the same literals, so that the terms differ from each other only in their patterns of complementation (of their literals).

but see kanoniczna koniunkcyjna postać normalna


eidetics

(philosophy) The study of eidetic reduction.


argument from illusion

argument from illusion (plural arguments from illusion)

(philosophy) An argument for the existence of sense-data, and thus a criticism of direct realism, according to which what we perceive (such as a stick that looks bent because it is viewed underwater) is distinct from the actual thing perceived (the straight stick).


Oenone

Borrowed from Latin Oenōnē, from Ancient Greek Οἰνώνη (Oinṓnē).

They went to that fair villa by the sea; and pleasantly did many a morn pass in the large hall, on whose frescoed walls was painted the story of Œnone, she whom the Trojan prince left, only to return and die at her feet.

1832, Letitia Elizabeth Landon, Forget Me Not 1833, Giulietta—A Tale of the Forteeenth Century:

(Greek mythology) The first wife of Paris of Troy, whom he abandoned for Helen.