cricket

→ Afrikaans: krieket

→ Albanian: kriket

→ Arabic: الكريكت (al krīkit)

→ Assamese: ক্ৰিকেট (kriket)

→ Burmese: ကရစ်ကက် (ka.rackak)

→ Catalan: criquet

→ Czech: kriket

→ Danish: kricket, cricket

→ Dutch: cricket

→ French: cricket

→ Galician: crícket

→ German: Cricket

→ Greek: κρίκετ (kríket)

desc

→ Hebrew: קְרִיקֶט

→ Hebrew: קְרִיקֶט

→ Hindi: क्रिकेट (krikeṭ)

→ Hungarian: krikett

→ Icelandic: krikket

→ Irish: cruicéad

→ Italian: cricket

→ Japanese: クリケット (kuriketto)

→ Korean: 크리켓 (keuriket)

→ Malay: kriket

→ Pashto: کرکټ (krikiṭ)

→ Persian: کریکت (krekit)

→ Polish: krykiet

→ Portuguese: críquete

→ Russian: кри́кет (kríket) (see there for further descendants)

→ Scottish Gaelic: criogaid

→ Serbo-Croatian: krìket, крѝкет

→ Spanish: críquet, cricket

→ Swahili: kriketi

→ Swedish: cricket

→ Thai: คริกเก็ต (krík-gèt)

→ Urdu: کرکٹ (krikiṭ)

→ Welsh: criced

Perhaps from a Flemish dialect of Dutch met de krik ketsen (“to chase a ball with a curved stick”).

der

(sports) A game played outdoors with bats and a ball between two teams of eleven, popular in England and many Commonwealth countries.


trap

(slang, bodybuilding, anatomy) The trapezius muscle.


bout

From Middle English bught, probably from Old English *buht (“bend, turn”), an unrecorded variant of Old English byht (“a bend, curve”), from Proto-West Germanic *buhti, from Proto-Germanic *buhtiz (“a bend”). Doublet of bight and bought.
For the sense development compare Late Latin campānia (“open country, battlefield”) (whence English campaign), from Latin campus (“field”), from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂emp- (“to bend, curve; smooth”).

m+

An Italian boxer abandoned her bout at the Paris Olympics after only 46 seconds on Thursday, refusing to continue after taking a heavy punch from an Algerian opponent who had been disqualified from last year’s world championships over questions about her eligibility to compete in women’s sports.

2024 August 1, Tariq Panja, Jeré Longman, “Italian Boxer Quits Bout, Sparking Furor Over Gender at Olympics”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

(fencing) An assault (a fencing encounter) at which the score is kept.


up

down

antonym(s) of “away from the centre of the Earth”

down

antonym(s) of “towards the principal terminus”

From Middle English up, from Old English upp, from Proto-Germanic *upp, see more there.

The bowler pitched the ball up.

(cricket) Relatively close to the batsman.


up

down

antonym(s) of “traveling towards a major terminus”

(horse-racing) Riding the horse; mounted.


three-point line

en-noun

three-point line (plural three-point lines)

(basketball) An arc on the floor of a basketball court beyond which a successful shot is worth three points.


three-point shot

three-point shot (plural three-point shots)

(basketball) A shot attempted from beyond the three-point line.


free throw

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-free throw.wav

(basketball) A shot, worth one point, taken from the free-throw line and without opposition.


free-throw line

free-throw line (plural free-throw lines)

(basketball) A line parallel to the baseline, fifteen feet from the plane of the backboard, from behind which a free throw may be taken.


backboard

(basketball) The flat vertical surface to which the basket is attached.

(tennis) A flat vertical wall with the image of a tennis net drawn or painted on it, designed to practice hitting against such that the ball rebounds.


March Madness

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-March Madness.wav

From the month of March, during which most of the tournament matches take place. The "madness" part is probably an allusion to the phrase mad as a March hare.

(basketball, US) The NCAA Division I basketball championship tournaments.


Final Four

(basketball, US, informal) The four regional champions of the NCAA Division I tournament, one of whom will become the national champion.

(basketball, US, informal) The final two rounds of the NCAA Division I tournament.

These two teams have an amazing number of Final Fours between them.

(basketball, US, informal) An appearance in the Final Four.

(basketball, Europe) The final round of the continent-wide Euroleague club basketball competition, featuring four teams with one becoming champion.

(sports, Philippines, informal) The semifinal round, or an appearance in it generally.


point guard

Many current NBA coaches are former point guards.

(basketball) A guard who is usually the shortest of the five basketball positions, and specializes in handling the ball, distributing it to the other players and generally running the team's offense.


shooting guard

(basketball) A guard who is usually the taller of the two guard positions, and sometimes specializes in shooting from outside, particular from beyond the three-point line.


tape

tape (countable and uncountable, plural tapes)

→ Danish: tape

→ Dutch: tape

→ Hausa: têf

→ Hindi: टेप (ṭep)

→ Irish: téip

→ Japanese: テープ (tēpu)

→ Korean: 테이프 (teipeu)

→ Norwegian:

Bokmål: tape, teip

Nynorsk: tape, teip

→ Swahili: tepe, tepu

→ Swedish: tape, tejp

→ Thai: เทป (téep)

→ Tibetan: ཊེབ (ṭeb)

→ Turkish: teyp

→ Urdu:

→ Phalura: ṭeép

→ Welsh: tâp

From Middle English tape, tappe, from Old English tæppa, tæppe (“ribbon, tape”); further origin unclear. Probably akin to Old Frisian tapia (“to pull, rip, tear”), Middle Low German tappen, tāpen (“to grab, pull, rip, tear, snatch”), Middle High German zāfen, zāven (“to pull, tear”).

cog

His pass was right on the tape.

(ice hockey) The wrapping of the primary puck-handling surface of a hockey stick


barn

From Middle English barn, bern, bærn, from Old English bearn, bern, contracted forms of Old English berern, bereærn (“barn, granary”), compound of bere (“barley”) and ærn, ræn (“dwelling, barn”), from Proto-West Germanic *raʀn, from Proto-Germanic *razną (compare Old Norse rann), from pre-Germanic *h₁rh̥₁-s-nó-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁erh₁- (“to rest”).
More at rest and barley.
For the use as a unit of surface area, see w:Barn (unit) § Etymology.

der

close the barn door after the horse has bolted

not be able to hit the broad side of a barn

Maple Leaf Gardens was a grand old barn.

(informal, basketball, ice hockey) An arena.


out

From Middle English out, oute, from a combination of Old English ūt (“out”, preposition & adverb), from Proto-West Germanic *ūt, from Proto-Germanic *ūt (“out”); and Old English ūte (“outside; without”, adverb), from Proto-Germanic *ūtai (“out; outside”); both from Proto-Indo-European *úd (“upwards, away”).
Cognate with Scots oot, out (“out”), Saterland Frisian uut, uute (“out”), West Frisian út (“out”), Dutch uit (“out”), German Low German ut (“out”), German aus (“out”), Norwegian/Swedish ut, ute (“out; outside”), Danish ud, ude (“out; outside”).

inh

There are numerous individual phrasal verbs

The football caught the edge of the line but then bounced out.

(sports) Of the ball or other playing implement, so as to pass or be situated beyond the bounds of the playing area.

Wilson was bowled out for five runs.

First ball hit me on the 'and, second 'ad me on the knee, the third was in my eye, the fourth bowled me out.

1876, The School newspaper Vol. [2 issues of vols. 31 and 32]., page 66:

Hayes batted for Reed and grounded out, Murray unassisted.

1984, Official Baseball Guide, page 211:

So, first guy, Larry strikes him out, good fastball in on his hands.

2007, Philip R. Craig, William G. Tapply, Third Strike: A Brady Coyne/J. W. Jackson Mystery, page 27:

The striking batter is bowled out when the wicket is broken with the bowler's delivery. A batter is bowled out whether or not the ball is touched or deflected into the stumps by the batter.

2010, Mark Butcher, Paul Abraham, Learn to Play Cricket: Teach Yourself, page A-65:

(cricket, baseball) Of a player, so as to be disqualified from playing further by some action of a member of the opposing team (such as being stumped in cricket).


out

→ Greek: άουτ (áout)

→ Japanese: アウト (auto)

→ Korean: 아웃 (aut)

→ Spanish: out

The first time I saw Amity we were in front of her house playing work-up, a baseball variation where you move from position to position by outs until you get to bat.

2014, Tom Bentley, Flowering: And Other Stories:

(baseball) A state in which a member of the batting team is removed from play due to the application of various rules of the game such as striking out, hitting a fly ball which is caught by the fielding team before bouncing, etc.

(cricket) A dismissal; a state in which a member of the batting team finishes his turn at bat, due to the application of various rules of the game, such as the bowler knocking over the batsman's wicket with the ball.


out

in

antonym(s) of “disqualified from playing”

closeted

antonym(s) of “openly acknowledging that one is LGBT+”

vyautovaný

cricket, baseball: disqualified from playing further in an inning

I thought the ball hit the line, but the umpire said it was out.

Not inside or within a place, especially a place that someone or something was formerly inside or is customarily inside:

(sports) Of the ball or other playing implement, falling or passing or being situated beyond the bounds of the playing area.


manu

In the sense of a manufacturer; clipping of 'manufacturer'

For those that don't know what a manu is, you've got your standard bomb, which everyone does, where you curl up and enter the water feet first. But a manu is when you are in a v-shape and essentially your tailbone or lower back enters the water first while you hold that v-shape.

2013 February 22, Elisha Rolleston, “Best water bombs: Nothin' but manus”, in Stuff:

An area of the outdoor pool at Whakatāne Aquatic Centre has been set aside for manus (bombing) after a nine-year-old boy nearly drowned last month.

2022 February 23, Diane McCarthy, “Special space allocated for manus after near drowning”, in RNZ, archived from the original on 2022-02-23:

(New Zealand, diving) A method of diving similar to a cannonball/bomb but with the lower back entering the water first, causing a large splash.


spot

→ Catalan: espot

From Middle English spot, spotte, partially from Middle Dutch spotte (“spot, speck”), and partially merging with Middle English splot, from Old English splott (“spot, plot of land”), from Proto-West Germanic *splott, from Proto-Germanic *spluttaz (“segment”), from Proto-Indo-European *splt-no- (“an off-split, segment”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pel- (“to split”). Cognate with North Frisian spot (“speck, piece of ground”), Low German spot (“speck”), Old Norse spotti (“small piece”). See also splot, splotch.

cog

The fans were very unhappy with the referee's spot of the ball.

(sports) An official determination of placement.

(gymnastics, dance, weightlifting) One who spots (supports or assists a maneuver, or is prepared to assist if safety dictates); a spotter.

The Gunners dominated for long periods but, against the run of play, Denilson fouled Max Gradel and Robert Snodgrass put Leeds ahead from the spot.

2011 January 8, Chris Bevan, “Arsenal 1 - 1 Leeds”, in BBC:


spot

en-verb

spot (third-person singular simple present spots, present participle spotting, simple past and past participle spotted)

spots (present singular third-person)
spotting (participle present)
spotted (participle past)
spotted (past)

I can’t do a back handspring unless somebody spots me.

There had not been time to build handrails, so lines of women spotted the sides of the ramp.

1989 April 15, Angela Bowen, “Towards a National Lesbian Conference”, in Gay Community News, page 2:

(transitive, gymnastics, dance, weightlifting, climbing) To support or assist a maneuver, or to be prepared to assist if safety dictates.

Most figure skaters do not spot their turns like dancers do.

(transitive, dance) To keep the head and eyes pointing in a single direction while turning.

The referee had to spot the pink on the blue spot.

(transitive, chiefly snooker and billiards) To place (an object) at a location indicated by a spot.

The black ball won't spot – the green is in the way.

(intransitive, snooker and billiards) Of a ball, to be capable of being placed on its own spot.


escape

From Middle English escapen, from Anglo-Norman and Old Northern French escaper ( = Old French eschaper, modern French échapper), from Vulgar Latin *excappāre (“to escape a garment, get out of one's clothing”, literally “to free oneself from one's cape”), from Latin ex- (“out”) + Late Latin cappa (“cape, cloak”). Cognate with escapade. Also doublet of scape.

der

(snooker) A successful shot from a snooker position.


halve

en-verb

halve (third-person singular simple present halves, present participle halving, simple past and past participle halved)

halves (present singular third-person)
halving (participle present)
halved (participle past)
halved (past)

From Middle English halven, helven, from Old English hilfan, helfan, *hielfan (“to halve, divide in two”), from Proto-West Germanic *halbijan, from Proto-Germanic *halbijaną (“to halve”), from Proto-Germanic *halbaz (“half”).
Cognate with Middle Dutch halven (“to halve”), Middle High German halben, helben (“to halve”). Compare also West Frisian helte (“to halve”), Dutch halveren (“to halve”), German Low German halberen (“to halve”), German halbieren (“to halve”), Danish halvere (“to halve”), Swedish halvera (“to halve”).

I, of course, had no difficulty in doing likewise, and we halved the hole; but the awkward fact remained that I must now gain every hole to win the match, for my opponent's score was "nine up," and there only remained ten holes to play.

1902, Robert Marshall Grade, The Haunted Major:

All that counts is whether you won, lost, or halved the match.

2005, Bill Elliott, The Golf Bag Buddy: The Essential On-Course Reference, page 67:

(golf, transitive) In match play, to achieve a tie or draw on.


advantage

en-noun

advantage (countable and uncountable, plural advantages)

advantages (plural)
advauntage (alternative)

From Middle English avantage, avauntage, from Old French avantage, from avant (“before”), from Late Latin ab ante. The spelling with d was a mistake, a- being supposed to be from Latin ad (see advance). For sense development, compare foredeal.

(tennis) The score where one player wins a point after deuce but needs the next to carry the game.

avantazh

the score where one player wins a point after deuce

Webb played an advantage that enabled Cazorla to supply a low cross from the left for Giroud to sweep home first time, despite Gallas and Vertonghen being in close attendance.

2012 November 17, “Arsenal 5-2 Tottenham”, in BBC Sport:

(soccer) The continuation of the game after a foul against the attacking team, because the attacking team are in an advantageous position.


spear

From Middle English spere, sperre, spear, from Old English spere, from Proto-West Germanic *speru, from Proto-Germanic *speru, from Proto-Indo-European *sperH-.
Cognates
See also West Frisian spear, Dutch speer, German Speer, Old Norse spjǫr, *sparrô, Middle Dutch sparre (“rafter”), Old Norse sparri (“spar, rafter”), sperra (“rafter, beam”); also Latin sparus (“short spear”), Albanian ferrë (“thorn, thornbush”).

(ice hockey) An illegal maneuver using the end of a hockey stick to strike into another hockey player.

professional wrestling
professional wrestling

(wrestling) In professional wrestling, a running tackle in which the wrestler's shoulder is driven into the opponent's midsection.


pepper

pepper (countable and uncountable, plural peppers)

Tok Pisin: pepa

→ Hawaiian: pepa

→ Marshallese: pepa

From Middle English peper, piper, from Old English piper, from Proto-West Germanic *pipar, from Latin piper, from an Indo-Aryan source; compare Sanskrit पिप्पलि (pippali, “long pepper”). The name was given to the capsicum fruit because of its unusual spicy taste, not unlike the Old World spice. Cognate with Scots pepar, Saterland Frisian Pieper, West Frisian piper, Dutch peper, German Low German Peper, German Pfeffer, Danish peber, Swedish peppar, Icelandic pipar. Doublet of falafel and peepul.

cog

Some ballparks have signs saying "No pepper games".

(baseball) A game used by baseball players to warm up where fielders standing close to a batter rapidly return the batted ball to be hit again

He means to snatch the laurels from his brow, / At all his boasted pluck and prowess smile, / And give him pepper in superior style.

1906, Henry Downes Miles, Pugilistica, page 61:

[T]he Chicken had been tapped, and bunged, and had received pepper, and had been made groggy, and had come up piping, and had endured a complication of similar strange inconveniences, until he had been gone into and finished.

1846 October 1 – 1848 April 1, Charles Dickens, Dombey and Son, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1848, →OCLC:


hurry

en-noun

hurry (countable and uncountable, plural hurries)

From Middle English horien (“to rush, impel”), probably a variation of hurren (“to vibrate rapidly, buzz”), from Proto-Germanic *hurzaną (“to rush”) (compare Middle High German hurren (“to hasten”), Norwegian hurre (“to whirl around”)), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱers- (“to run”) (compare Latin currō (“I run”), Tocharian A kursär/Tocharian B kwarsär (“league; course”)). Related to hurr, horse, rush.
Alternative etymology derives hurry as a variant of harry.

inh

At Alabama, Jedrick Wills Jr. anchored the right side of the offensive line for two years, allowing only one sack and three-and-a-half quarterback hurries on 714 snaps last season.

2020 April 24, Ken Belson, Ben Shpigel, “Full Round 1 2020 N.F.L. Picks and Analysis”, in New York Time:

(American football) an incidence of a defensive player forcing the quarterback to act faster than the quarterback was prepared to, resulting in a failed offensive play.

press

American football: incidence of a defensive player forcing the quarterback to act faster than the quarterback was prepared to


layoff

(British, soccer) A short pass that has been rolled in front of another player for them to kick.


agricultural

en-adj

agricultural (comparative more agricultural, superlative most agricultural)

more agricultural (comparative)
most agricultural (superlative)

/ˌæɡɹɪˈkʌltjʊəɹəl/

/ˌæɡɹɪˈkʌlt͡ʃəɹəl/

(UK, euphemistic, sports) Clumsy or tactless.


aid

en-noun

aid (countable and uncountable, plural aids)

aids (plural)
aide (alternative)
ayde (alternative)

From Middle English aide, eide, ayde, from Old French eide, aide, from aidier, from Latin adiūtō, adiūtāre (“to assist, help”). Cognates include Spanish ayuda, Portuguese ajuda and Italian aiuto.

der

(countable, chiefly in the plural, horse racing) The rider's use of hands, legs, voice, etc. to control the horse.


aid

en-verb

aid (third-person singular simple present aids, present participle aiding, simple past and past participle aided)

aids (present singular third-person)
aiding (participle present)
aided (participle past)
aided (past)

From Middle English aiden, from Old French eider, aider, aidier, from Latin adiuto, frequentative of adiuvō (“assist”, verb).

Rather than climb into a bottomless off-width crack, we aided an 80-foot A2 to A3 crack to the top of a pedestal. By very tenuous face climbing, we gained entry to the crack, which we followed to a tree beneath the big chimney.

1979, American Alpine Journal, page 193:

(climbing) To climb with the use of aids such as pitons.


interval

From Middle English interval, intervalle, from Old French intervalle, entreval, from Latin intervallum (“space between, interval, distance, interval of time, pause, difference; literally, space between two palisades or walls”), from inter (“between”) + vallum (“palisade, wall”).

com

Spain made three substitutions at the interval, sending on former Arsenal captain Fabregas, Chelsea's Juan Mata and Liverpool keeper Pepe Reina for Xavi, David Silva and Casillas.

2011 November 12, “International friendly: England 1-0 Spain”, in BBC Sport:

(sports) half time, a scheduled intermission between the periods of play

(cricket) Either of the two breaks, at lunch and tea, between the three sessions of a day's play


allowance

en-noun

allowance (countable and uncountable, plural allowances)

allowances (plural)
allowaunce (alternative)

→ Cebuano: alawans

→ Malay: élaun

From Middle English allouance, from Old French alouance.
Morphologically allow + -ance.

On the Flat, an apprentice jockey starts with an allowance of 7 lb.

(horse racing) A permitted reduction in the weight that a racehorse must carry.


goose-step

An intentionally disparaging alternative name for the "balance step" (German Stechschritt, "cut step") from a fancied resemblance to the waddling of geese.

(rugby) A deceptive step that breaks the normal flow of running and allows a player to accelerate and/or change direction quickly while simultaneously confusing the defender.


chip

→ Catalan: xip

→ Greek: τσιπ (tsip)

→ Italian: chip

→ Korean: 칩 (chip)

desc

→ Hebrew: צִ׳יפְּס, צִ׳יפּ

→ Hebrew: צִ׳יפְּס, צִ׳יפּ (chips, chip)

→ Hungarian: csip, csipsz

→ Turkish: cips, çip

→ Yiddish: טשיפּל (tshipl)

→ Welsh: tsip

Noun from Middle English chip, chippe, from Old English ċipp (“chip; small piece of wood, shaving”), from Old English *ċippian (“to cut; hew”) – attested in Old English forċippian (“to cut off”) –, from Proto-West Germanic *kippōn (“to cut; carve; hack; chop”), from Proto-Germanic *kippōną (“to chip, chop”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵeyb- (“to split; divide; germinate; sprout”). Related to Dutch kip, keep (“notch; nick; score”), Dutch kippen (“to hatch”), German Low German kippen (“to cut; clip; trim; shorten”), German kipfen (“to chop off the tip; snip”), Old Swedish kippa (“to chop”). Compare also chop.
The formally similar Old English ċipp, ċypp, ċyp (“a beam; log; stock; post”), from Proto-Germanic *kippaz (“log; beam”) (whence Old Saxon kip (“post”), Old High German kipfa, chipfa (“axle, stave”), Old Norse keppr (“cudgel, club”)) is a different, unrelated word either borrowed from Latin cippus (“stake; pale; post”) or borrowed from the same source language as the Latin.
Verb from Middle English chippen, from Old English *ċippian (“to cut; hew”) – attested in Old English forċippian (“to cut off”) – see above.

cog

(tennis) A light shot with a downward slice, usually played from close to the net.

(golf) A low shot, usually played at short range around and onto a green, intended to travel a short distance through the air and roll the remainder of the way towards the hole.

(curling) A takeout that hits a rock at an angle.

A type of shot in various sports.
A takeout that hits a rock at an angle.


chip

en-verb

chip (third-person singular simple present chips, present participle chipping, simple past and past participle chipped)

chips (present singular third-person)
chipping (participle present)
chipped (participle past)
chipped (past)

stiften

to play a shot hitting the ball predominantly upwards

Koeman identified Southampton’s third as their finest goal of the game. Jack Cork, the most underrated player at a much-lauded club, swept the ball out wide to Tadic, who waited for Cork to run to the back post before chipping the ball across to him to slam in a deserved goal from close range, despite an attempted block by Vito Mannone.

2014 October 18, Paul Doyle, “Southampton hammer eight past hapless Sunderland in barmy encounter”, in The Guardian:

(transitive, sports) To strike or play (the ball or other implement) as a chip shot.


alpine

en-adj

alpine (comparative more alpine, superlative most alpine)

more alpine (comparative)
most alpine (superlative)

From Latin Alpīnus, from Alpēs (“the Alps”). Cognates include French alpin.

Coordinate term: Nordic

(skiing) Of or relating to slalom and downhill skiing.

alpí

of or relating to slalom or downhill skiing


shark

From German Schurke (“scoundrel”); compare Dutch schurk.

shock (non-rhotic, father-bother merger)

(sports and games) A person who feigns ineptitude to win money from others.

hustler

player who feigns ineptitude to win money


ambassador

ambassadors (plural)
ambassadour (alternative)
embassador (alternative)
embassadour (alternative)

/æmˈbæs.əˌdɔɹ/

From Middle English ambassadore, from Anglo-Norman ambassadeur, from Old Italian ambassadore, from Old Occitan ambaisador (“ambassador”), derivative of ambaissa (“service, mission, errand”), from Medieval Latin ambasiator, from Gothic 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌱𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌹 (andbahti, “service, function”), from Proto-Germanic *ambahtiją (“service, office”), derivative of Proto-Germanic *ambahtaz (“servant”), from Gaulish ambaxtos, from Proto-Celtic *ambaxtos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂m̥bʰi-h₂eǵ- (“drive around”), from *h₂m̥bʰi- (“around”) + *h₂eǵ- (“to drive”).
Displaced native Old English ǣrendraca.

der

(sports) A player who is an excellent role-model and who upholds the integrity of the game and thereby contributes to the sport's popularity and growth.


width

en-noun

width (countable and uncountable, plural widths)

→ Scots: width, wyth

PIE word
 *dwóh₁
From wide + -th, possibly by analogy with Old Norse vídd (“width”), though this is unlikely, as the word is not attested before the end of the 16th century and was historically unknown in Scots and the traditional dialect of Northern England, where one would expect Old Norse influence to be the strongest (these varieties traditionally employed wideness instead). Replaced Middle English wide, wyde (“width”).

(cricket) The horizontal distance between a batsman and the ball as it passes him.

Manchester United like to play with width.

England looked to put width on the ball after the restart, Armitage very nearly going over in the corner only for the video referee to decide his foot was in touch. But Armitage did get on the score-sheet five minutes later, Ben Foden straightening and putting the London Irish man in.

2011 September 18, Ben Dirs, “Rugby World Cup 2011: England 41-10 Georgia”, in BBC Sport:

(sports) The use of all the width of the pitch, from one side to the other.


skinny

en-adj

skinny (comparative skinnier, superlative skinniest)

skinnier (comparative)
skinniest (superlative)

From Middle English skinny (“resembling skin”), equivalent to skin + -y. The meaning associated with lack of fat or muscle possibly derives from the phrase skin and bones; the meaning associated with nudity refers to the exposed skin.

inh

(golf) Synonym of thin (“type of shot where the ball is struck by the bottom part of the club head”)


rip

en-verb

rip (third-person singular simple present rips, present participle ripping, simple past and past participle ripped)

rips (present singular third-person)
ripping (participle present)
ripped (participle past)
ripped (past)

From Middle English rippen, from earlier ryppen (“to pluck”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *rupjaną, *ruppōną (compare West Frisian rippe, ripje, roppe, ropje (“to rip”), Dutch dialectal rippen, Low German ruppen, German Low German röpen, German rupfen), intensive of *raupijaną (compare Old English rīpan, rīepan (“to plunder”), West Frisian rippe (“to rip, tear”), German raufen (“to rip”)), causative of Proto-Indo-European *roub- ~ *reub- (compare Albanian rrabe ‘maquis’, possibly Latin rubus (“bramble”)), variant of *Hrewp- (“to break”). More at reave, rob.

(intransitive, surfing, slang) To surf extremely well.


treble

PIE word
 *tréyes
From Middle English treble, from Old French treble, from Latin triplus. Doublet of triple.

As for City, a domestic treble is off the cards and they must haul themselves off the floor quickly with the second leg of their last-16 Champions League tie against Barcelona on Wednesday.

2014 March 9, Jacob Steinberg, “Wigan shock Manchester City in FA Cup again to reach semi-finals”, in The Guardian:

(sports) Three goals, victories, awards etc. in a given match or season.

(soccer) A win in the top league, top national cup and top continental cup in the same season.


rubber

en-noun

rubber (usually uncountable, plural rubbers)

desc

→ Kashubian: roberk (Canada, United State)

→ Sikaiana: lapa

From rub + -er.
The sense of the substance comes from its ability to function as an eraser, displacing earlier caoutchouc. The senses not having to do with rubbing or erasing are secondarily derived from the name of the substance.

Jones toes the rubber and then fires to the plate.

(countable, baseball) The rectangular pad on the pitcher's mound from which the pitcher must pitch.


rubber

They played, and Creed and his young partner won the first rubber, winning the two first games running.

1828, Robert Huish, The Red Barn: A Tale, Founded on Fact, page 83:

[…] an old lady's innocent rubber.

1907 May 25, in The Publishers' Weekly, number 1843, page 1608 http://books.google.com/books?id=ZCADAAAAYAAJ&dq=%22her%20grand-aunt%22&pg=PA1608#v=onepage&q=%22her%20grand-aunt%22&f=false

(sports) In relation to a series of games or matches between two competitors where the overall winner of the series is the competitor which wins a majority of the individual games or matches:

The entire series, of an odd number of games or matches in which ties are impossible (especially a series of three games in bridge or whist).

Ladies matches shall consist of 6 rubbers. Each rubber shall consist of best of 3 games to 21 points.

2013 Cradley Heath Badminton League Rules as at 2013/2014

Montreal’s Francoise Abanda lost the first rubber of the tie 6-2, 6-4 to Karolina Pliskova on Saturday

2015 February 7, “Canada trails Czech Republic 2-0 in Fed Cup tie after singles losses”, in The Globe and Mail, Toronto:

An individual match within the series (especially in racquet sports).

(sports, Canada, US) A rubber match; a game or match played to break a tie.


candlestick

candlesticks (plural)
canstick (alternative)

Sranan Tongo: kandratiki

From Middle English candelstik, candelstikke, from Old English candelsticca (“candlestick”), equivalent to candle + stick. Cognate with Scots candilsteke, candilstik (“candlestick”). Compare Old Norse kertastika, kertistika (“candlestick”).

inh

(gymnastics) A gymnastics move in which the legs are pointed vertically upward.


carte

en-noun

carte (countable and uncountable, plural cartes)


outside

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Nattes à chat-outside.wav

When a wave mounds on the outside and takes its shape, a surfer quickly paddles to the peak, positions himself in its evolving momentum, swings his board around, aligns with the peak, and thrusts himself into its cascading shape.

2011, Rick Hansen, Leadership and The Art of Surfing, page xi:

(surfing) The outer part of the sea, away from the peak of a wave.


outside

en-adj

outside (comparative more outside, superlative most outside)

more outside (comparative)
most outside (superlative)
owtside (alternative)

արտաքին

pertaining to the outer surface or boundary

The first pitch is ... just a bit outside.

(baseball, of a pitch) Away (far) from the batter as it crosses home plate.


inside

From Middle English ynneside; equivalent to in- + side.
Compare German Innenseite (“inside”), Danish inderside (“inside”), Swedish insida (“inside”), Dutch binnenzijde (“inside”), German Low German Binnensied, Binnersied (“inside”), Saterland Frisian Binnersiede (“inside”).

cog

The first pitch is ... just a bit inside.

(baseball, of a pitch) Toward the batter as it crosses home plate.


tow

en-verb

tow (third-person singular simple present tows, present participle towing, simple past and past participle towed)

tows (present singular third-person)
towing (participle present)
towed (participle past)
towed (past)

→ Welsh: towio

From Middle English towen, from Old English togian, from Proto-West Germanic *togōn, from Proto-Germanic *tugōną, from Proto-Indo-European *dewk-.
See also Middle High German zogen, German ziehen, Dutch tijgen, Old Norse toga.

(running, cycling, motor racing, etc.) To aid someone behind by shielding them from wind resistance.


tow

On Saturday, Vettel was very unhappy with Leclerc's failure to work out a way through the traffic and give him a tow for the second runs in qualifying, as had been agreed.

2019 September 8, Andrew Benson, BBC Sport:

(motor racing) A speed increase given by driving in front of another car on a straight, which causes a slipstream for the car behind.


ankle

ankle (third-person singular simple present ankles, present participle ankling, simple past and past participle ankled)

ankles (present singular third-person)
ankling (participle present)
ankled (participle past)
ankled (past)
ancle (alternative)

From Middle English ankel, ancle, ankyll, from Old English ancol (compare anclēow (“ankle”) > Modern English anclef, ancliff, ancley), from Proto-West Germanic *ankul, from Proto-Germanic *ankulaz (“ankle”); akin to Icelandic ökkla, ökli, Danish and Swedish ankel, Dutch enklaauw, enkel, German Enkel, Old Norse akka, Old Frisian anckel, and perhaps Old High German encha, ancha (“thigh, shin”), from the Proto-Germanic *ankijǭ (“ankle, joint”).
Compare with Sanskrit अङ्ग (aṅga, “limb”), अङ्गुरि (aṅguri, “finger”), Latin angulus. Compare haunch and Greek prefix ἀγκυλο- (ankulo-, “joint, crooked, bent”). Doublet of angulus and angle.

(cycling) To cyclically angle the foot at the ankle while pedaling, to maximize the amount of work applied to the pedal during each revolution.


edge

From Middle English egge, from Old English eċġ, from Proto-West Germanic *aggju, from Proto-Germanic *agjō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ- (“sharp”).
See also Dutch egge, German Ecke, Swedish egg, Norwegian egg; also Welsh hogi (“to sharpen, hone”), Latin aciēs (“sharp”), acus (“needle”), Latvian ašs, ass (“sharp”), Ancient Greek ἀκίς (akís, “needle”), ἀκμή (akmḗ, “point”), and Persian آس (âs, “grinding stone”)).

2004 March 29, R. Bharat Rao Short report: Ind-Pak T1D2 Session 1 in rec.sports.cricket, Usenet
Finally another edge for 4, this time dropped by the keeper

(cricket) A shot where the ball comes off the edge of the bat, often unintentionally.


edge

edge (third-person singular simple present edges, present participle edging, simple past and past participle edged)

edges (present singular third-person)
edging (participle present)
edged (participle past)
edged (past)

(cricket, transitive) To hit the ball with an edge of the bat, causing a fine deflection.


goalkeeper

goalkeepers (plural)
goal-keeper (alternative)
goal keeper (alternative)

Krohn-Dehli took advantage of a lucky bounce of the ball after a battling run on the left flank by Simon Poulsen, dummied two defenders and shot low through goalkeeper Maarten Stekelenburg's legs after 24 minutes.

2012 June 9, Owen Phillips, “Euro 2012: Netherlands 0-1 Denmark”, in BBC Sport:

Handball is a team sport in which two teams of seven players each (six outcourt players and a goalkeeper) pass a ball using their hands with the aim of throwing it into the goal of the other team.

2018, Ace Banking And Static Awareness, page 273:

(sports) A designated player that attempts to prevent the opposing team from scoring by protecting a goal.

guardameta

journalistic and sports commentators usage


strap

en-noun

strap (countable and uncountable, plural straps)

straps (plural)
strop (alternative)
strope (alternative)

→ Japanese: ストラップ (sutorappu)

From a variant of earlier strope (“loop on a harness”), from Middle English strope, stropp, from Late Old English strop, stropp (“a band, thong, strap; oar-thong”) and Old French estrope (“strap, loop on a harness”), both from Latin stroppus, struppus (“strap”), from Ancient Greek στρόφος (stróphos, “rope”) (compare strophe), from στρέφω (stréphō, “to twist”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *strebʰ- (compare Proto-West Germanic *stroppōn (“to twist, writhe”)). Cognate with Scots strap, strop (“strap, band, thong”), Dutch strop (“noose, strop, loop”), Low German Strop (“strap”), German Struppe, Strüppe, Strippe (“string, cord”), Danish strop (“strap”), Swedish stropp (“strap, loop”).

ремък

a long, narrow, pliable strip of leather, cloth, or the like

ивица

a narrow strip of anything, as of iron or brass

David Arquette was given the belt because he's a celebrity. Period. I wasn't that upset about it because even the on-air product treated it as laughable. It was a "fluke" that Arquette managed to grab the strap, and he held it for less than a week. But there was no point in it....that I do agree with.

2001 January 31, Greg Stinson, “WWF fans actually know the WWF sucks”, in rec.sport.pro-wrestling (Usenet), message-ID <KTUd6.209692$iy3.50200104@news1.rdc1.tn.home.com>:

During 2002, Triple H began this run of title defences of the Big Gold Belt. He'd basically been given the strap earlier in the month and there was a feeling he didn't deserve it.

2015, Arnold Furious, “Unforgiven 2002”, in The Complete WWE Guide Volume #6, →ISBN, page 60:

When people like me were deserting the WWE during the championship reign of JBL, "The Wrestling God", Vince didn't take the strap off of him. He's certainly not going to do anything because of this little piffle.

2017 April 11, Jason Todd!!!, “if multiple people are coming forth saying jbl harassed them, why doesn't vince fire his ass?”, in rec.sport.pro-wrestling (Usenet), message-ID <5ad20526-36c9-4dac-89ba-df011e3d48f9@googlegroups.com>:

(slang, professional wrestling, with "the") A championship belt, or by extension, the title.


roof

en-noun

roof (plural roofs or (UK, uncommon) rooves)

roofs (plural)
rooves (UK plural uncommon)

From Middle English rof, from Old English hrōf (“roof, ceiling; top, summit; heaven, sky”), from Proto-Germanic *hrōfą (“roof”).


piste

They were skiing on the piste.

(fencing) The field of play of a fencing match.

planš

(fencing) the field of play of a fencing match


manage

From Early Modern English manage, menage, from Middle English *manage, *menage, from Old French manege (“the handling or training of a horse, horsemanship, riding, maneuvers, proceedings”), probably from Old Italian maneggiare (“to handle, manage, touch, treat”), ultimately from Latin manus (“the hand”); see manual.

der

You must draw [the horse] in his career with his manage, and turn, doing the corvetto, leaping &c..

1622, Henry Peacham (Jr.), The Compleat Gentleman:


manager

→ Albanian: menaxher

→ Burmese: မန်နေဂျာ (mannegya)

→ Catalan: mànager

→ Dutch: manager

→ French: manager
→ Turkish: menajer

→ German: Manager

→ Greek: μάνατζερ (mánatzer)

→ Hungarian: menedzser

→ Italian: manager

→ Japanese: マネージャー (manējā)

→ Korean: 매니저 (maenijeo)

→ Polish: menedżer

→ Romanian: manager

→ Russian: ме́неджер (ménedžer)

→ Scottish Gaelic: manaidsear

→ Spanish: mánager

→ Swahili: meneja

→ Ukrainian: ме́неджер (ménedžer)


drain

en-verb

drain (third-person singular simple present drains, present participle draining, simple past and past participle drained)

drains (present singular third-person)
draining (participle present)
drained (participle past)
drained (past)
drein (alternative)
drein (alternative)
dreen (alternative)

→ French: drainer (see there for further descendants)

From Middle English dreinen, from Old English drēahnian (“to drain, strain, filter”), from Proto-Germanic *drauhnōną (“to strain, sieve”), from Proto-Germanic *draugiz (“dry, parched”). Akin to Old English drūgian (“to dry up”), Old English drūgaþ (“dryness, drought”), Old English drȳġe (“dry”). More at dry.

der

(transitive, basketball, slang) To make a shot.


driving

en-noun

driving (countable and uncountable, plural drivings)

From Middle English driving, drivinge, equivalent to drive + -ing. Compare Dutch drijving, German Treibung.

Heigh-ho! Sing heigh-ho! my Golf is most shocking; My driving is topping, my caddie's still mocking.

1899, L.P., “Blow, Blow, Thou Winter Wind”, in Golf Illustrated, volume 2, page 233:

Ever since I started talking to myself with this new attitude toward my driving and my performance on the first tee and the first few holes, I have experienced consistently better performance with my driver.

2003, Daniel Stewart Acuff, Golf Talk, page 57:

There is no such being as a golfer uninterested in his driving.

2012, Jeff Silverman, Classic Golf Stories: 26 Incredible Tales from the Links:

(golf) The act of driving the ball; hitting the ball a long distance, especially from the tee to the putting green.


drop

From Late Middle English droppe, Middle English drope (“small quantity of liquid; small or least amount of something; pendant jewel; dripping of a liquid; a shower; nasal flow, catarrh; speck, spot; blemish; disease causing spots on the skin”) [and other forms], from Old English dropa (“a drop”), from Proto-West Germanic *dropō (“drop (of liquid)”), from Proto-Germanic *drupô (“drop (of liquid)”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewb- (“to crumble, grind”).

nb...

dropan, droupe, (Northern England) droipe

afval

small quantity of liquid, just large enough to hold its own round shape through surface tension

piisk

very small quantity of liquid, or of anything

piisk

that which hangs or resembles a liquid globule

pudotettu esine

(online gaming, video games) item dropped by a defeated enemy

langemine

decline in degree, quality, quantity, or rate

afgrond

distance through which something drops, or falls below a certain level

Yet another drop for the Tiger tight end.

A thing which drops or hangs down.
(American football) A dropped pass.

A thing which drops or hangs down.
A dropped pass.

An act or instance of dropping (in all senses).

Usually preceded by the: relegation from one division to a lower one.

langus

(sports) relegation from one division to a lower one

The Tiger quarterback took a one-step drop, expecting his tight end to be open.

(American football) Short for drop-back.


drop

en-verb

drop (third-person singular simple present drops, present participle dropping, simple past and past participle dropped or (archaic) dropt)

drops (present singular third-person)
dropping (participle present)
dropped (participle past)
dropped (past)
dropt (archaic participle past)
dropt (archaic past)

From Middle English droppen, dropen (“to fall in drops, drip or trickle down; to scatter, sprinkle; to be covered with a liquid; to give off moisture; of an object: to drop, fall; of a living being: to fall to the ground”) [and other forms], from Old English dropian, droppian (“to drop”), from dropa (“a drop”) (see further at etymology 1) + -ian (suffix forming verbs from adjectives and nouns).

спадам

to decrease, diminish, or lessen in condition, degree, value, etc.

laskea

to move to a lower position; to allow to hang downwards — see also lower

laskea

to lower (a sound, a voice, etc.) in pitch or volume

(originally US) To (unexpectedly) lose (a competition, game, etc.).

kokea yllätystappio

to (unexpectedly) lose (a competition, game, etc.)

Warne dropped Tendulkar on 99. Tendulkar went on to get a century next ball.

(cricket) Of a fielder: to fail to dismiss (a batsman) by accidentally dropping a batted ball that had initially been caught.

pudottaa

(cricket) of a fielder: to fail to dismiss (a batsman) by accidentally dropping a batted ball that had initially been caught

(rugby) To score (a goal) by means of a drop kick.

tehdä pudotuspotkumaali

(rugby) to score (a goal) by means of a drop kick


AFC

American Football Conference
w:American Football Conference

(American football) Initialism of American Football Conference.

Asian Football Confederation
w:Asian Football Confederation

(soccer) Initialism of Asian Football Confederation.

Arsenal Football Club
w:Arsenal Football Club

(soccer) Initialism of Arsenal Football Club.


AFC

en-noun

AFC (countable and uncountable, plural AFCs)

Association Football Club
w:Association Football Club

(soccer) Initialism of Association Football Club.


RF

RF (countable and uncountable, plural RFs)

(baseball) Initialism of right field or right fielder.


WC

→ Czech: WC

→ Dutch: wc

→ Estonian: veetsee, vets

→ Finnish: WC, vessa

→ French: WC

→ Greek: βεσέ (vesé)

→ German: WC

→ Hungarian: WC

→ Polish: WC, wuce

→ Portuguese: WC

→ Romanian: WC, veceu

→ Serbo-Croatian: WC, vece

(sports) Abbreviation of world championship.


Celtic

en-proper noun

Celtic (countable and uncountable, plural Celtics)

Borrowed from French celtique or Latin celticus. First attested in the 17th century.

(soccer) Celtic F.C., a football club from Glasgow, Scotland.


inning

→ Japanese: イニング (iningu)

→ Korean: 이닝 (ining)

Back-formation from innings, mistaken to be plural of the time period, not the entries of the batters/batsmen.

It is a baseball tradition to sing "Take Me Out To the Ball Game" during the seventh inning stretch.

(baseball) A period of play in which members of a visiting baseball team attempt to hit a baseball pitched by the opposing home team until three players are called out, followed by a similar attempt by members of the home baseball team against the visiting team's pitching. There are nine or more innings in a regulation baseball game.

We batted around in our half of the inning.

(billiards) A player (or team)'s turn at the table to make shots until ended by a miss or a foul.


softball

en-noun

softball (countable and uncountable, plural softballs)

→ Finnish: softball

desc

French: → softball, → balle molle (calque)

→ Portuguese: softball

→ Spanish: softball

This will give you someone with whom you can trade softball complaints, which any veteran game-goer will tell you is the key to a good time.

1996, Andrew Heller, Come Heller High Water, →ISBN, page 55:

(sports) A game similar to baseball but played with a larger and softer ball which can be thrown overhand or underhand.

(sports) The ball used to play the sport.


tee

First attested in the 17th century as teaz, back-formation from obsolete Scots teaz, later reanalyzed as a plural.

(golf) A flat area of ground from which players hit their first shots on a golf hole.

Pollard, who went into the semifinals with an unsatisfactory 63% return from the kicking tee, turned it around splendidly against Wales and he continued that form despite missing his first attempt in the final.

2019 November 3, Liam de Carme, “Boks, you beauties”, in Sunday Times:

(sports) A usually wooden or plastic peg from which a ball is kicked or hit.

(curling) The target area of a curling rink.


tee

en-verb

tee (third-person singular simple present tees, present participle teeing, simple past and past participle teed)

tees (present singular third-person)
teeing (participle present)
teed (participle past)
teed (past)

If at any hole a competitor play his first stroke from outside the limits of the teeing-ground, he shall count that stroke, tee a ball, and play his second stroke from within these limits.


appeal

en-noun

appeal (countable and uncountable, plural appeals)

appeals (plural)
appeale (alternative)
appeall (alternative)

From Middle English apel, appel (“formal accusation brought in court; a challenge to trial by combat; an appeal to a higher court or authority; plea (for mercy, protection, etc.); pealing (of bells)”) [and other forms], from Old French apel (“a call”) (modern French appel (“a call; an appeal”)), from apeler (“to call; to call out”), from Latin appellāre (“to address as, call by name; to drive, move to; to land or put ashore”), alternative form adpellāre, from ad- (prefix meaning ‘to; towards’) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd (“at; to”)) + pellere (“to drive, impel, push; to hurl, propel; to banish, expel; to eject, thrust out”) + -āre, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pelh₂- (“to approach”), from *pel- (“to beat; to drive; to push”). Doublet of appel.

çağırış

call to a person or an authority for a decision, help, or proof — see also entreaty

A call to a person or an authority for a decision, help, or proof; an entreaty, an invocation.

(cricket) The act, by the fielding side, of asking an umpire for a decision on whether a batsman is out or not.


appeal

en-verb

appeal (third-person singular simple present appeals, present participle appealing, simple past and past participle appealed)

appeals (present singular third-person)
appealing (participle present)
appealed (participle past)
appealed (past)

From Middle English apelen, appelen (“to accuse; to make a formal charge before a court, etc., impeach; to challenge to trial by combat; to apply to a higher court or authority for review of a decision; to call upon for a decision, favour, help, etc.; to call by a name”) [and other forms], from Old French apeler (“to call; to call out”); see further at etymology 1.

nb...

apeal, apeale, apeele, apele, appel, appele

اِسْتَأْنَفَ

(intransitive) to apply to a superior court or judge for a decision or order by an inferior court or judge to be reviewed and overturned

apelovat

to call upon a person or an authority to corroborate a statement, to decide a controverted question, or to vindicate one’s rights — see also entreat, invoke

appeal from Philip drunk to Philip sober

(intransitive) To call upon a person or an authority to corroborate a statement, to decide a controverted question, or to vindicate one's rights; to entreat, to invoke.

(intransitive, cricket) Of a fielding side; to ask an umpire for a decision on whether a batsman is out or not, usually by saying "How's that?" or "Howzat?".

appeleren

(cricket) of a fielding side: to ask an umpire for a decision on whether a batsman is out or not


nerf

en-verb

nerf (third-person singular simple present nerfs, present participle nerfing, simple past and past participle nerfed)

nerfs (present singular third-person)
nerfing (participle present)
nerfed (participle past)
nerfed (past)

A racer will often nerf another as a psychological tactic.

"The crazy fool!" Ricky exclaimed. "Nerfing me!"

1953, Henry Gregor Felsen, Street Rod, Random House, page 129:

(motor racing, transitive) To bump lightly, whether accidentally or purposefully.


snatch

From Middle English snacchen, snecchen, from Old English *snæċċan, *sneċċan, from Proto-West Germanic *snakkijan, from Proto-Germanic *snakkijaną, *snakkōną (“to nibble, snort, chatter”); see *snūtaz (“snout”).
Cognate with Dutch snakken (“to sob, pant, long for”), Low German snacken (“to chatter”), German schnacken (“to chat”), Norwegian snakke (“to chat”). Related to snack.

cog

(weightlifting) A competitive weightlifting event in which a barbell is lifted from the platform to locked arms overhead in a smooth continuous movement.


centurion

Borrowed from Latin centuriō, centuriōnis, from centum (“a hundred”).

(cricket) A player who scores a century.


expensive

en-adj

expensive (comparative more expensive, superlative most expensive)

more expensive (comparative)
most expensive (superlative)
expencive (alternative)

From Latin *expēnsīvus, from expendō (“to weigh out (money), to pay out”) (whence English expend). By surface analysis, expense + -ive. In the sense of "high-priced" has largely displaced dear.


on the bubble

US, late 20th century, from Indiana motor racing.

Smith was on the bubble but lost out when Jones was faster by a tenth of a second.

(motor racing) Holding the last qualifying position with qualification still in progress, and thus liable to lose that position.

The Knights had been on the bubble for the tournament, but played their way in by winning their last five games.

Most players play pretty loose on the bubble, much looser than they theoretically should, and even if I saw an opponent sitting out a few hands, it's more likely that he just hit a run of low cards than that he turned into a locksmith at this stage.

2006, Dan Harrington, Bill Robertie, Harrington on Hold 'Em::

Lewis and Marc Luttrell are on the bubble because they have yet to make the timed run in Third Phase, but they make this one.

2009, Dick Couch, The Warrior Elite: The Forging of SEAL Class, page 228:

(sports) Having qualification for an event depend on the upcoming performances of other competitors; hence, at risk of being eliminated, and reversely, being close to qualification; on the verge.


bubble team

The Knights are everybody's favorite bubble team this year.

(sports) A team on the bubble for an upcoming tournament.


pole position

en-noun

pole position (countable and uncountable, plural pole positions)

See pole position § Origin on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

pedia

Smith once again enjoys the pole position.

(motor racing) The top qualifying position for a race, on the inside of the front row at the starting line.


bubble position

en-noun

bubble position (plural bubble positions)

Smith is in the bubble position, having barely beaten out Jones for the last spot.

(motor racing) The bottom qualifying position in a race, on the outside of the last row at the starting line.


qualifying position

qualifying position (plural qualifying positions)

(motor racing) The position given at the start of a race, ranked from most favorable to least favorable, awarded according to the times achieved during qualification.

poziție de calificare

in auto racing: the position given at the start of a race


average

/ˈæv(ə)ɹɪd͡ʒ/

From Middle French avarie, from Old French avarie, from Old Italian avaria (which is possibly from Arabic عَوَارِيَّة (ʕawāriyya, “damaged goods”), from عَوَار (ʕawār, “fault, blemish, defect, flaw”), from عَوِرَ (ʕawira, “to lose an eye”)) + English suffix -age.

der

batting average

(sports) An indication of a player's ability calculated from his scoring record, etc.


crucify

en-verb

crucify (third-person singular simple present crucifies, present participle crucifying, simple past and past participle crucified)

crucifies (present singular third-person)
crucifying (participle present)
crucified (participle past)
crucified (past)

From Middle English crucifien, from Old French crucefier, from Late Latin crucificō, from Latin crucifigō.

West Ham beat Manchester City five nil–they crucified them!

(hyperbolic, informal, sports) To thoroughly beat at a sport or game.


crucifix

From Middle English crucifix, from Old French crocefis (French crucifix), from Latin crucifixus.

(gymnastics) The iron cross, a position on the rings where the gymnast holds the rings straight out on either side of the body.


pennant

From Middle English penon, penoun, pynoun, Old French penon, French pennon, from Latin penna (“feather”). See pen (“a feather”), and compare pennon, pinion.

вимпел

flag on ship to represent special condition

The New York Yankees have won the American League pennant far more often than any other team.

(sports) The winning of a competition, represented by a flag.


major league

en-adj

major league (comparative more major league, superlative most major league)

more major league (comparative)
most major league (superlative)
major-league (alternative)

(sports) Of or pertaining to a major sports league; belonging to the professional level of a sport, such as US baseball.


over

From Middle English over, from Old English ofer, from Proto-West Germanic *obar, from Proto-Germanic *uber (“over”), from Proto-Indo-European *upér, a comparative form of *upo.
Akin to Dutch over, German ober, über, Danish over, Norwegian over, Swedish över, Icelandic yfir, Faroese yvir, Gothic 𐌿𐍆𐌰𐍂 (ufar), Latin super, Ancient Greek ὑπέρ (hupér), Albanian upri (“group of peasants”), Sanskrit उपरि (upári).
Doublet of uber, super, and hyper.

(professional wrestling slang) Of a wrestler: generating a reaction from fans.


over

Jones hit four boundaries in the first over.

In an emotional and electric atmosphere at Lord's, both sides scored 241 in their 50 overs and were level on 15 when they batted for an extra over apiece.

2019 July 14, Stephan Shemilt, “England win Cricket World Cup: Ben Stokes stars in dramatic finale against New Zealand”, in BBC Sport, London:

(cricket) A set of six legal balls bowled.


pedestrian

pedestrian (comparative more pedestrian, superlative most pedestrian)

more pedestrian (comparative)
most pedestrian (superlative)

Borrowed from Latin pedester, root pedestri- (from pedes) + -an (suffix forming adjectives).

The choreographer prefers pedestrian movements.

(dance) Pertaining to ordinary, everyday movements incorporated in postmodern dance.


soup

en-noun

soup (countable and uncountable, plural soups)

→ Tamil: சூப் (cūp)

→ Thai: ซุป (súp)

Wikiquote
The noun is from Middle English soupe, sowpe, from Old French soupe, souppe, sope, from Late Latin suppa (“sopped bread”), from Proto-Germanic *supô (compare Middle Dutch sope (“broth”)). Doublet of zuppa. See also sop and supper.
The verb is from the noun.

(figuratively) Any mixture or substance suggestive of soup consistency.


REM

REMs (plural)
R.E.M. (alternative)
R. E. M. (alternative)

(underwater diving) Initialism of Reference Exit Marker.


submarine

When Peterson saw the unusual pitching motion of Kent Tekulve—the submarine pitcher who threw baseballs as though they were coming right out of the rubber slab on the mound—he was the first of many who tried to change Tekulve's delivery.

2005, John McCollister, Tales from the 1979 Pittsburgh Pirates: Remembering "The Fam-A-Lee", →ISBN, page 109:

(baseball) Of a pitch, thrown with the hand lower than the elbow.


submarine

(baseball) A pitch delivered with an underhand motion.


pit stop

pit stops (plural)
pitstop (alternative)

→ Polish: pit stop

Alonso and Ferrari may well privately regret the decision to delay their second pit stop until two laps after Maldonado made his on the 24th of 66 laps.

2012 May 13, Andrew Benson, “Williams's Pastor Maldonado takes landmark Spanish Grand Prix win”, in BBC Sport:

(motor racing) A stop made during an automobile race at the pit to refuel and perform other periodic maintenance on the vehicle.


period

frequency

antonym(s) of “length of time of recurrence of a periodic phenomenon”

/ˈpɪə.ɹɪ.əd/

From Middle English periode, from Middle French periode, from Medieval Latin periodus, from Ancient Greek περίοδος (períodos, “circuit, an interval of time, path around”), from περι- (peri-, “around”) + ὁδός (hodós, “way”). Displaced native Middle English tide (“interval, period, season”), from Old English tīd (“time, period, season”), as well as Middle English elde (“age, period”), from Old English ieldu (“age, period of time”).

periodike

length of time during which something repeats

Gretzky scored in the last minute of the second period.

(sports, chiefly ice hockey) Each of the intervals, typically three, of which a game is divided.

They won in the first overtime period.

(sports, chiefly ice hockey) One or more additional intervals to decide a tied game, an overtime period.


punto

From Latin punctum (“point”) via Italian and Spanish punto, from pungō (“to prick, to puncture”). Doublet of point, punctum, and ponto.

To see thee fight, to see thee foin, to see thee traverse, to see thee here, to see thee there, to see thee pass thy puncto, thy stock, thy reverse, thy distance, thy montant.

c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merry Wiues of Windsor”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii]:


single

→ Dutch: single

→ Finnish: sinkku

→ German: Single

→ Indonesian: singel

→ Japanese: シングル (shinguru)

→ Polish: singiel

From Middle English single, sengle, from Old French sengle, saingle, sangle, from Latin singulus, a diminutive derived from Proto-Indo-European *sem- (“one”). Akin to Latin simplex (“simple”). See simple, and compare singular.

(baseball) A hit in baseball where the batter advances to first base.

(Canadian football) A score of one point, awarded when a kicked ball is dead within the non-kicking team's end zone or has exited that end zone.

(tennis, chiefly in the plural) A game with one player on each side, as in tennis.


single

en-verb

single (third-person singular simple present singles, present participle singling, simple past and past participle singled)

singles (present singular third-person)
singling (participle present)
singled (participle past)
singled (past)

Pedro singled in the bottom of the eighth inning, which, if converted to a run, would put the team back into contention.

(baseball) To get a hit that advances the batter exactly one base.


bottom

en-noun

bottom (countable and uncountable, plural bottoms)

→ Dutch: bottom

→ French: bottom

PIE word
 *bʰudʰmḗn
From Middle English botme, botom, from Old English botm, bodan (“bottom, foundation; ground, abyss”), from Proto-West Germanic *butm, from Proto-Germanic *butmaz, *budmaz, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰmḗn (“bottom”). Cognate with Dutch bodem, German Boden, Icelandic botn, Danish bund; also Irish bonn (“sole (of foot)”), Ancient Greek πυθμήν (puthmḗn, “bottom of a cup or jar”), Sanskrit बुध्न (budhna, “bottom”), Persian بن (bon, “bottom”), Latin fundus (“bottom”) (whence fund, via French). The sense “posterior of a person” is from 1794; the verb “to reach the bottom of” is from 1808. bottom dollar (“the last dollar one has”) is from 1882.

سَالِب

gay sexual slang: penetrated partner in sex

(baseball) The second half of an inning, the home team's turn at bat.

jälkimmäinen vuoro

baseball: second half of an inning, the home team's turn at bat


bum

1864, back-formation from bummer, from German Bummler (“loafer”), from bummeln (“to loaf”).

Trade him to another team, he’s a bum!

Seabiscuit, wrote another reporter, “was a hero in California and a pretty fair sort of horse in the midwest. In the east, however, he was just a ‘bumʼ”

2001, Laura Hillenbrand, Seabiscuit: An American Legend:

(colloquial, sports) A player or racer who often performs poorly.


tattoo

en-verb

tattoo (third-person singular simple present tattoos, present participle tattooing, simple past and past participle tattooed)

tattoos (present singular third-person)
tattooing (participle present)
tattooed (participle past)
tattooed (past)

From earlier tattaow, tattow, a borrowing from a Polynesian language, e.g. Samoan tatau (“tattoo; to tap, to strike”).

cog

Jones tattoos one into the gap in left; that will clear the bases.

(baseball) To hit the ball hard, as if to figuratively leave a tattoo on the ball.


shithouse

en-verb

shithouse (third-person singular simple present shithouses, present participle shithousing, simple past and past participle shithoused)

shithouses (present singular third-person)
shithousing (participle present)
shithoused (participle past)
shithoused (past)

From shit + house. Compare Middle Low German schîthûs, German Scheißhaus, Swedish skithus, Icelandic skíthús.

2021, Harry Diamond, “Five times El Cholo’s Atleti sh*thoused their way to famous Champions League wins”, in The Football Faithful:

(UK, Ireland, sports, slang) To engage in persistent unsporting behaviour or gamesmanship; to play in a cynical, ugly manner; to cheat without being punished.


quart

From Middle English quart, quarte, from Old French quarte, carte, from Latin quartus (“one-fourth”). Cognate with Spanish cuarto (“quarter; room, quarters”).

cog

[W]e behold two men with lion-look, with alert attitude, side foremost, right foot advanced; flourishing and thrusting, stoccado and passado, in tierce and quart; intent to skewer one another.

1837, Thomas Carlyle, The French Revolution: A History […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Chapman and Hall, →OCLC, (please specify the book or page number):

(fencing) The fourth defensive position; quarte.


combine

PIE word
 *dwóh₁
From Middle French combiner, from Late Latin combīnāre (“unite, yoke together”), from Latin con- (“together”) + bīnī (“two by two”).

der

If you purchased this book chances are that you are planning on participating in a football combine or pro-day test.

2008, Scott Shetler, Optimal Performance Techniques for the Football Combine, page 5:

In 2008, a study was published that examined the ability of the NFL combine to predict football playing performance in the NFL (Kuzmits and Adams, 2008).

2020, Jay R. Hoffman, The Science of American Football:

At the combine, Reagor compared himself to the 49ers’ Deebo Samuel or Chiefs’ Tyreek Hill — whom he said he watched “every day”

2020 April 24, Ken Belson, Ben Shpigel, “Full Round 1 2020 N.F.L. Picks and Analysis”, in New York Time:

(American football) A Test match in which applicants play in the hope of earning a position on a professional football team.


combination

en-noun

combination (countable and uncountable, plural combinations)

PIE word
 *dwóh₁
From Middle English combinacioun, combynacyoun, from Old French combination, from Late Latin combīnātiō.
Morphologically combine + -ation

(billiards) A shot where the cue ball hits a ball that strikes another ball on the table.


spoon

From Middle English spoon, spoune, spone, spon (“spoon, chip of wood”), from Old English spōn (“sliver, chip of wood, shaving”), from Proto-West Germanic *spānu, from Proto-Germanic *spēnuz (“chip, flake, shaving”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)peh₂- (“chip, shaving, log, length of wood”).
Cognate with Scots spun, spon (“spoon, shingle”), West Frisian spoen, Dutch spaan (“chip, flinders”), German Span (“chip, flake, shaving”), Swedish spån (“chip, flake”), Faroese spónur (“wood chip; spoon”), Ancient Greek σφήν (sphḗn, “wedge”)(though the connection to the Greek is likely impossible by modern reconstructions of PIE). Eclipsed non-native Middle English cuculer, coclear (“spoon”), from Old English cuculer, cuceler, cucler, borrowed from Latin cochlear (“spoon”).
The "metaphoric unit of personal energy" sense was coined by writer and disability advocate Christine Miserandino in 2003 (see spoon theory).

coinage

he who sups with the devil should have a long spoon

(golf, archaic) A wooden-headed golf club with moderate loft, similar to the modern three wood.


spoon

en-verb

spoon (third-person singular simple present spoons, present participle spooning, simple past and past participle spooned)

spoons (present singular third-person)
spooning (participle present)
spooned (participle past)
spooned (past)

Rosol spurned the chance to finish off a shallow second serve by spooning into the net, and a wild forehand took the set to 5-4, with the native of Prerov required to hold his serve for victory.

2012 June 28, Jamie Jackson, “Wimbledon 2012: Lukas Rosol shocked by miracle win over Rafael Nadal”, in the Guardian:

(tennis, golf, croquet) To hit (the ball) weakly, pushing it with a lifting motion, instead of striking with an audible knock.


silverware

en-noun

silverware (countable and uncountable, plural silverwares)

February 2008, BBC Sport - Ramos takes centre stage
How different it was at Wembley as Ramos confirmed his reputation as a relentless pursuer of silverware by giving Spurs their first trophy in nine years.

The performance was a sign of real intent for Arsenal as they continue their pursuit for silverware on four fronts - and with Van Persie firing on all cylinders, the odds look good on them winning a first trophy since 2005.

2011 January 22, Ian Hughes, “Arsenal 3 - 0 Wigan”, in BBC:

(sports) Trophies, success in a competition.


hooker

Hooker Dylan Hartley was sent to the sin-bin after yet another infringement at the breakdown and, on the stroke of half-time, Georgia's territorial advantage finally told when number eight Basilaia surged over from the base of the scrum for a try next to the posts.

2011 September 18, Ben Dirs, “Rugby World Cup 2011: England 41-10 Georgia”, in BBC Sport:

(rugby) A player who hooks the ball out of the scrum with his foot.

I once saw Hassett drop England opening batsman and compulsive hooker, Cyril Washbrook, twice in succession at deep fine leg.

1990, Ashes: Battles and Bellylaughs, Byron Bay: Swan Publishing, page 32:

(cricket) A batsman or batswoman adept at or fond of playing hook shots.


prop

From Middle English proppe (“a prop, support, support for a vine or plant”), from Middle Dutch proppe (“support, support for a vine, stopper for a bottle”). Compare Middle Low German proppe (“plug, stopper”), German Pfropfen (“plug”), Danish prop (“plug, stopper”).

cog

(rugby) The player on either side of the hooker in a scrum.

stut

rugby: player next to the hooker in a scrum


prop

(bodybuilding slang) Testosterone propionate.


provost

From Middle English, from late Old English prōfost, prāfost, from Late Latin prōpositus, variant of Latin praepositus (“[one] placed in command”). In some senses, via Anglo-Norman provolt; via Anglo-Norman and Old French provost (modern French prévôt). As a Central European ecclesiastical office, via German Propst, Danish provst, etc.

steward

deputy overseeing medieval estates or fees

police officer

deputy overseeing medieval law enforcement; military police

A senior deputy, a superintendent, particularly:

(fencing, historical) An assistant fencing master.

A senior deputy, a superintendent
An assistant fencing master.


coach

en-verb

coach (third-person singular simple present coaches, present participle coaching, simple past and past participle coached)

coaches (present singular third-person)
coaching (participle present)
coached (participle past)
coached (past)

→ Dutch: coachen

Borrowed from Middle French coche, from German Kutsche, from Hungarian kocsi. According to historians, the coach was named after the small Hungarian town of Kocs, which made a livelihood from cart building and transport between Vienna and Budapest.
The meaning "instructor/trainer" is from Oxford University slang (c. 1830) for a "tutor" who "carries" one through an exam; the athletic sense is from 1861.


trainer

→ Cebuano: trainor
→ English: trainor

He served Nelson wholeheartedly as a player, coach and trainer in a lengthy association, the highlights being his involvement in two championship-winning sides.

2009, Garth Dykes, Nelson FC in the Football League, page 22:

(sports) A person responsible for treating injuries sustained by players during matches; a physiotherapist.

(cycling) A piece of indoor equipment allowing a bicycle to be ridden while stationary.


runner

From Middle English rennere, rynner, urnare, equivalent to run + -er. Cognate with Old Norse rennari (“runner; messenger”). Displaced earlier Middle English runel (“runner”), from Old English rynel (“runner”; also “messenger, courier”).

махови́к

mechanical part intended to guide or aid something else to move

(cricket) A player who runs for a batsman who is too injured to run; he is dressed exactly as the injured batsman, and carries a bat.

The runner was out at second.

Agent noun of run; one who runs.
(baseball, softball) A baserunner.

Agent noun of run; one who runs.
A baserunner.

This week hundreds of NFL agents gathered to hear an honorable man talk about a noble pipedream. It was a discussion about a significant step to end one of the cornerstones of corruption in college football: runners. Not the backs getting their 40 times tested at the scouting combine but the slimeball trolls who work on behalf of agents to help recruit — a generous word — football prospects by illegally giving them cash (or cars or money for family members or rent for a nice house) so the player then signs with the agent upon turning pro.

Freeman, Mike (2012 February 25) “Runners' world: Union boss Smith's noble idea likely stuck at the start”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name), CBSSports.com, retrieved 2014-03-19

(sports slang) An employee of a sports agent who tries to recruit possible player clients for the agent.

(climbing) A short sling with a carabiner on either end, used to link the climbing rope to a bolt or other protection such as a nut or friend.


middle

From Middle English middel, from Old English middel (“middle, centre, waist”), from Proto-Germanic *midlą, *midilą, *medalą (“middle”), a diminutive of Proto-Germanic *midjō (“middle, midst”) (compare *midjaz (“mid, middle”, adjective)), from Proto-Indo-European *médʰyos (“between, in the middle, middle”).
Cognate with West Frisian middel, Dutch middel, German mittel (“middle”, adjective), German Mittel (“middle, means”, noun), Danish middel (“means, agent, medicine; middle/medium”). Related also to Swedish medel (“means, medium”), Icelandic meðal (“means, medicine”). See also mid.


middle

en-verb

middle (third-person singular simple present middles, present participle middling, simple past and past participle middled)

middles (present singular third-person)
middling (participle present)
middled (participle past)
middled (past)
myddle (alternative)

(cricket, transitive) To strike (the ball) with the middle portion of the face of the bat.


Yankee

Yankees (plural)
Yanky (alternative)
Yengee (alternative)

First attested in 1683, as a name applied disparagingly by Dutch settlers in Nieuw Amsterdam (New York) to English colonists in neighboring Connecticut. It may be from Dutch Janke (“Little John”), the old diminutive form of the common personal name Jan, or it may be from Jan Kees, the familiar form of "Johan Cornelius", or a variant of Jan Kaas, literally "John Cheese", the generic nickname the Flemings used for Dutchmen. It originally seems to have been applied insultingly to the Dutch, especially freebooters, before they turned around and applied it to the English. In English it was a term of contempt (1750s) before it came to be used as a general term for "a native of New England" (1765). The shortened form Yank was first recorded in reference to "an American" in 1778. James Fenimore Cooper suggested that it was a corruption of "English" via the intermediate form "Yengeese."

(baseball) A player for the New York Yankees.

洋基

(baseball) player that plays for the New York Yankees


match

→ Azerbaijani: matç

→ Belarusian: матч (matč)

→ Bengali: ম্যাচ (mêc)

→ Catalan: matx

→ Crimean Tatar: matç

→ Dutch: match

→ Egyptian Arabic: ماتش

→ Esperanto: matĉo

→ Estonian: matš

→ Finnish: matsi

desctree

→ French: match
→ Ladino: mach
→ Romanian: meci
→ Turkish: maç

→ German: Match

→ Greek: ματς (mats)

→ Hindi: मैच (maic)

→ Hungarian: meccs

→ Japanese: マッチ (matchi)

→ Latvian: mačs

→ Polish: mecz
→ Kashubian: mecz

→ Russian: матч (matč)
→ Armenian: մատչ (matčʻ)

→ Swahili: mechi

→ Ukrainian: матч (matč)

→ Welsh: matsh

From Middle English macche, mecche, from Old English mæċċa, ġemæċċa (“companion, mate, wife, one suited to another”), from Proto-West Germanic *makkjō, *gamakkjō (“partner, equal”), from Proto-Germanic *makô, from Proto-Indo-European *mag- (“to knead, work”). Compare Danish mage (“mate”), Icelandic maki (“spouse”).

der

My local team are playing in a match against their arch-rivals today.

Can you play billiards? / Yes, do you wish to have a match with me? / Let us simply play (a game) for pleasure. We needn't have a match, as I don't like to gamble.

1886, Lim Hiong Seng, Handbook of the Swatow Vernacular, Singapore: Koh Yew Hean Press:

(sports) A competitive sporting event such as a boxing meet (commonly called a "bout"), a baseball game, or a cricket match.


approach

en-verb

approach (third-person singular simple present approaches, present participle approaching, simple past and past participle approached)

approaches (present singular third-person)
approaching (participle present)
approached (participle past)
approached (past)

From Middle English aprochen, borrowed from Old French aprochier (modern French approcher), from Late Latin appropiāre, a verb based on Latin prope (“near”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pro- (a variant of *per- (“before, in front; first”)) + *-kʷe (“suffix forming distributives from interrogatives”)).

(intransitive, golf, tennis) To play an approach shot.


approach

From Middle English approche (“approach, arrival”), from approchen, aprochen (“to come or go near, approach; to adjoin, be close by; to enter (someone’s) presence; to be or become involved; to reach (a certain state); to arrive; to befall, happen to; to become similar to, resemble; to be a match for (someone)”); see etymology 1.

вход

avenue, passage, or way by which a building or place can be approached — see also access

захо́д

way an aircraft comes in to land at an airport

(also figuratively) An avenue, passage, or way by which a building or place can be approached; an access.

(climbing) A path taken to reach the climbing area, for example, from a car park, road, etc.

(bowling) The area before the lane in which a bowler may stand or run up before bowling the ball.


home plate

→ Japanese: ホームベース (hōmu bēsu)

→ Korean: 홈 베이스 (hom beiseu)

(baseball) A flat, pentagonal, rubber object placed at the center of the batter's box, which is used as a basis for judging pitched strikes and balls, and the touching of which by a runner advancing from or past third base scores a run.


broom

en-noun

broom (countable and uncountable, plural brooms)

→ Chinook Jargon: bloom

Inherited from Middle English brom, from Old English brōm (“brushwood”), from Proto-West Germanic *brām (“bramble”) (compare Saterland Frisian Brom, West Frisian brem, Dutch braam, German Low German Braam), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrem-, from *bʰer- ‘edge’. Related to brim, brink.
(shotgun): So called because it is (like the cleaning utensil) long and held similarly to a besom and “cleans” what is in front.

(countable, curling) An implement with which players sweep the ice to make a stone travel further and curl less; a sweeper.


mechanical

From Middle English mechanical, mechanicalle, mechanycalle, equivalent to mechanic + -al.

The pack are suffering mechanicals and pull up under a lamp post marking a right turn.

2010, Andy Allsopp, Barring Mechanicals - from London to Edinburgh and Back, on a Recumbent Bicycle, →ISBN, page 96:

Equipment back then was less capable than it is today, and we often had to deal with mechanical failures, also called mechanicals and the odd injury which we called 'bio-mechanicals'.

2012, Clive Forth, The Pocket Mountain Bike Trail Guide: Your slope saviour, →ISBN, page 11:

The support can be there when you need it for major mechanicals, other emergencies and to transport all your gear to the next overnight stop.

2014, Vince Major, The Smoke Ring - An Orbital Route Around London, →ISBN, page 12:

(cycling) An instance of equipment failure.


ward

ward (countable and uncountable, plural wards)

→ Swahili: wodi

From Middle English ward, warde, from Old English weard (“watching, ward, protection, guardianship; advance post; waiting for, lurking, ambuscade”), from Proto-West Germanic *wardu, from Proto-Germanic *wardō (“protection, attention, keeping”), an extension of the stem *wara- (“attentive”) (English wary, beware), from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“to cover”).
Cognate with German Warte (“watchtower”), warten (“wait for”); English guard is a parallel form which came via Old French.

inh

Thou knowest my old ward; here I lay, and thus I bore my point.

c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene iv]:

(fencing) A guarding or defensive motion or position.


cap

Inherited from Middle English cappe, from Old English cæppe, from Proto-West Germanic *kappā (“covering, hood, mantle”), from Late Latin cappa, itself from Latin caput. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *káput- and Proto-Indo-European *kap- (“head”). Doublet of cape, chape, and cope.

nalli

small amount of explosive used as detonator

Rio Ferdinand won his 50th cap for England in a game against Sweden.

"By the way, are you by any chance the Malone who is expected to get his Rugby cap for Ireland?" "A reserve, perhaps."

1912, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Lost World […], London; New York, N.Y.: Hodder and Stoughton, →OCLC:

Overall, though, England’s injury-diminished side coped well on the night when Ruben Loftus-Cheek, Jordan Pickford and Tammy Abraham all won their first caps.

2017 November 10, Daniel Taylor, “Youthful England earn draw with Germany but Lingard rues late miss”, in The Guardian (London):

(sports) A place on a national team; an international appearance.


cap

en-verb

cap (third-person singular simple present caps, present participle capping, simple past and past participle capped)

caps (present singular third-person)
capping (participle present)
capped (participle past)
capped (past)

(transitive, cricket) To select a player to play for a specified side.

Peter Shilton is the most capped English footballer.

(transitive, sports) To select to play for the national team.


pace

→ Japanese: ペース (pēsu)

From Middle English pase, from Anglo-Norman pas, Old French pas, and their source, Latin passus. Doublet of pas and fathom; compare also pass. Cognate with Spanish pasear.

походка

way of stepping: rate or style of how someone moves with their feet

(cricket) A measure of the hardness of a pitch and of the tendency of a cricket ball to maintain its speed after bouncing.


pace

(cricket) Describing a bowler who bowls fast balls.


starter

Someone who starts, or who starts something.

(golf) A person employed to take new players to the first tee at suitable intervals, and to provide them with caddies and equipment.


carnage

en-noun

carnage (usually uncountable, plural carnages)

/ˈkɑɹ.nɪd͡ʒ/

Borrowed from Middle French carnage, from a Norman or Picard variant Old Northern French) of Old French charnage, from char (“flesh”), or from Vulgar Latin *carnaticum (“slaughter of animals”), itself from Latin carnem, accusative of caro (“flesh”).

der

(figurative, sports) Any great loss by a team; a game in which one team wins overwhelmingly.


shotgun

en-noun

shotgun (countable and uncountable, plural shotguns)

shotguns (plural)
shot-gun (alternative)

desc

Japanese: → 散弾銃 (sandanjū) (calque), → ショットガン (shottogan)

→ Tok Pisin: sot gan

From shot + gun. Front passenger seat sense comes from ride shotgun.

(American football) An offensive formation in which the quarterback receives the snap at a distance behind the center, often with a running back set to one or both sides of him.


shotgun

en-verb

shotgun (third-person singular simple present shotguns, present participle shotgunning, simple past and past participle shotgunned)

shotguns (present singular third-person)
shotgunning (participle present)
shotgunned (participle past)
shotgunned (past)
shot-gun (alternative)

(transitive, baseball) To hit the ball directly back at the pitcher.


medal

medal (third-person singular simple present medals, present participle medaling or medalling, simple past and past participle medaled or medalled)

medals (present singular third-person)
medaling (participle present)
medalling (participle present)
medaled (participle past)
medaled (past)
medalled (participle past)
medalled (past)

From Middle English [Term?], from Middle French medaille, medale, from Italian medaglia (originally "half a denarius"), from Early Medieval Latin medālia, feminine derived via dissimilation (/dj–lj/ > /d–lj/) from mediālia, neuter plural of Late Latin mediālis (“middle”, adj), from Classical Latin medius.

He medalled twice at the Olympics.

I dashed into the mall; bought a gift; raced to the card store, snapped up a two-fer gift-bag special and was back in my car in 26 minutes. I could medal in power shopping.

2004 October 29, Carol McAlice Currie, “Unposted laws make downtown seem unwelcoming”, in Statesman Journal, volume 152, number 214, Salem, OR, page 1C:

Vocab-wise, medalling and PB-ing are now totally part-and-parcelled, and most experts in South Korea believe podiumed, finalled and all-comered are not far off lexiconing.

2011 January 9, Harry Pearson, “London 2012 can legacy by verbing the noun”, in The Guardian:

I wanted to medal. I was pregnant and I wanted to medal.

2013 January 13, “Je Ne Sais What?”, in The Good Wife, season 4, episode 12, spoken by Anna (Elizabeth Alderfer):

In 2008, after being passed over yet again for USA Basketball’s Beijing Olympics team, San Antonio Stars all-star Becky Hammon signed a four-year, $2m contract with CSKA Moscow that included a six-figure bonus for becoming a naturalised citizen and medaling at the Games.

2022 September 3, Andrew Lawrence, “Brittney Griner’s Russian ordeal is a byproduct of WNBA’s shoestring funding”, in The Guardian:

Rebecca Romero medaled in rowing and track cycling in 2004 and 2008, joining East German swimmer-turned-handball player Roswitha Krause and several swimmers/divers as two-sport medalists.

2024 July 30, Beau Dure, “What’s tougher than competing in an Olympic sport? Competing in two”, in The Guardian:

Though she never medalled at the Olympics, she did win a pair of golds at the Central American and Caribbean Games in San Salvador in 2002.

2024 August 20, Edward Helmore, “Five-time Olympian cyclist found dead in Las Vegas after choking on food”, in The Guardian:

(intransitive, sports, colloquial) To win a medal.


bogie

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-bogie.wav

(golf) A score of one over par on a hole.

Alternative spelling of bogey
A score of one over par on a hole.


bogey

bogeys (plural)
bogie (alternative)
bogy (alternative)

Probably related to or alteration of bogle, akin to or from a variant of Middle English bugge (“frightening specter, scarecrow”) (whence partly bug), of uncertain origin: perhaps from obsolete Welsh bwg (“ghost, hobgoblin”) (compare Welsh bwgwl (“threat”, older “fear”), Irish bagairt (“threat”)), from Proto-Celtic [Term?], or from Proto-Germanic *bugja- (“swollen up, thick”) (compare Norwegian bugge (“big man”), dialectal Low German Bögge and Alemannic German Böögg (“goblin”, “snot”)); see also Proto-Germanic *pūkô (“a goblin, spook”), whence obsolete English puck. Perhaps the Middle English and Welsh words come from a word related to buck and originally referred to a goat-shaped specter. Compare also booger.
The golf sense is from the devil as an imaginary player.


bogey

en-verb

bogey (third-person singular simple present bogeys, present participle bogeying, simple past and past participle bogeyed or bogied)

bogeys (present singular third-person)
bogeying (participle present)
bogeyed (participle past)
bogeyed (past)
bogied (participle past)
bogied (past)
bogie (alternative)
bogy (alternative)

(golf, transitive, intransitive) To make a bogey on (a particular hole).


devil

devils (plural)
davil (alternative)
debbil (alternative)
diuel (alternative)
divel (alternative)
deuill (alternative)
devel (alternative)
devell (alternative)
devill (alternative)
diuell (alternative)

Tok Pisin: tewel

→ Chuukese: tefin

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁
Proto-Indo-European *dwísder.
Ancient Greek διά (diá)
Ancient Greek δια- (dia-)
Proto-Indo-European *gʷelH-der.
Ancient Greek βᾰ́λλω (bắllō)
Ancient Greek διαβάλλω (diabállō)
Ancient Greek διάβολος (diábolos)bor.
Latin diabolusbor.
Proto-West Germanic *diubul
Old English dēofol
Middle English devel
English devil
From Middle English devil, devel, deovel, from Old English dēofol, dēoful, from earlier dīobul (“devil”), from Latin diabolus, ultimately from Ancient Greek διάβολος (diábolos, “false accuser, slanderer”), also as "Satan" (in Jewish/Christian usage, translating Biblical Hebrew שָׂטָן (śātān)), from διαβάλλω (diabállō, “to slander”), literally “to throw across”, from διά (diá, “through, across”) + βάλλω (bállō, “throw”). The Old English word was probably adopted under influence of Latin diabolus (itself from the Greek). Other Germanic languages adopted the word independently: compare Saterland Frisian Düüwel (“devil”), West Frisian duvel (“devil”), Dutch duivel, duvel (“devil”), German Low German Düvel (“devil”), German Teufel (“devil”), Bavarian Teifl (“devil”), Danish djævel (“devil”), Swedish djävul (“devil”) (older: djefvul, Old Swedish diævul, Old Norse djǫfull). Doublet of diable, diablo, and diabolus.

der

better the devil you know than the devil you don't know

better the devil you know than the one you don't know

devil is beating his wife and marrying his daughter

the devil we know is better than the devil we don't know

the devil you know is better than the devil you don't know

(cycling, slang) An endurance event where riders who fall behind are periodically eliminated.


bias

en-noun

bias (countable and uncountable, plural biases or biasses)

c. 1520 in the sense "oblique line". As a technical term in the game of bowls c. 1560, whence the figurative use (c. 1570).
From Middle French biais, adverbially ("sideways, askance, against the grain") c. 1250, as a noun ("oblique angle, slant") from the late 16th century.
The French word is likely from Old Occitan biais, itself of obscure origin, most likely from Vulgar Latin *biaxius (“with two axes”).

there is a concealed bias within the spheroid

1822, [Walter Scott], Peveril of the Peak. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to IV), Edinburgh: […] Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Hurst, Robinson, and Co., →OCLC:

(sports) In the games of crown green bowls and lawn bowls: a weight added to one side of a bowl so that as it rolls, it will follow a curved rather than a straight path; the oblique line followed by such a bowl; the lopsided shape or structure of such a bowl. In lawn bowls, the curved course is caused only by the shape of the bowl. The use of weights is prohibited.


wave

en-verb

wave (third-person singular simple present waves, present participle waving, simple past and past participle waved)

waves (present singular third-person)
waving (participle present)
waved (participle past)
waved (past)

From Middle English waven, from Old English wafian (“to wave, fluctuate, waver in mind, wonder”), from Proto-West Germanic *wabōn, from Proto-Germanic *wabōną, *wabjaną (“to wander, sway”), from Proto-Indo-European *webʰ- (“to move to and from, wander”).
Cognate with Middle High German waben (“to wave”), German wabern (“to waft”), Icelandic váfa (“to fluctuate, waver, doubt”). See also waver.

cog

Jones waves at strike one.

(intransitive, baseball) To swing and miss at a pitch.


fireman

(baseball) A relief pitcher (reflecting the figurative analogy of rescuing the situation).


bonus

en-noun

bonus (plural bonuses or bonusses or (nonstandard) boni)

bonuses (plural)
bonusses (plural)
boni (nonstandard plural)

→ Danish: bonus

→ French: bonus

→ German: Bonus

→ Portuguese: bónus, bônus (Brazil)

→ Japanese: ボーナス (bōnasu)

→ Turkish: bonus

Borrowed from Latin bonus (“good”). Doublet of bona.

(basketball) One or more free throws awarded to a team when the opposing team has accumulated enough fouls.


fin

Dutch language
German language
Latin language
Middle English language
Old English language
Old Irish language
Proto-Germanic language
Proto-Indo-European language
Swedish language
Tocharian A language
fin
fin (disambiguation)

From Middle English fin, from Old English finn, from Proto-Germanic *finnō, *finǭ (“dorsal fin”) (compare Dutch vin, German Finne, Swedish finne, fena), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pīn- (“backbone, dorsal fin”) (compare Old Irish ind (“end, point”), Latin pinna (“feather, wing, fin”), Tocharian A spin (“hook”).

der-lite

(surfing) A similar structure on the bottom of a surfboard, used to help steer it.


off

en-adj

off (comparative more off, superlative most off)

more off (comparative)
most off (superlative)
offn (alternative)

(older Received Pronunciation, General American) -ɔːf

From Middle English of, from Old English of, af, æf (“from, off, away”), from Proto-West Germanic *ab, from Proto-Germanic *ab (“from”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epo (“from, off, back”). Doublet of of.
Cognates
Cognate with Scots of, af (“off, away”), West Frisian af, ôf (“off, away”), Dutch af (“off, from”), German Low German of (“off, from”), German ab (“off, from”), Danish af (“of, off”), Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk and Swedish av (“of, off”), Icelandic af (“of, off”), Gothic 𐌰𐍆 (af, “of, from”); and with Latin ab (“of, from, by”), Ancient Greek ἀπό (apó, “from”), and others.

inh

(cricket) In, or towards the half of the field away from the batsman's legs; the right side for a right-handed batsman.


adagio

/əˈdɑːd͡ʒiəʊ/

/əˈdæd͡ʒiəʊ/

(dance) A male-female duet or mixed trio ballet displaying demanding balance, spins and/or lifts.


sub

en-verb

sub (third-person singular simple present subs, present participle subbing, simple past and past participle subbed)

subs (present singular third-person)
subbing (participle present)
subbed (participle past)
subbed (past)

* Shortened form of any of various words beginning with sub-.
* (lend a person money): From subsidize.

switch

one who is willing to take either a sadistic or a masochistic role

He never really made a contribution to the match, so it was no surprise when he was subbed at half time.

(British, informal, soccer) To replace (a player) with a substitute.

He was subbed on half way through the second half, and scored within minutes.

(British, informal, soccer, less common, often as "sub on") To bring on (a player) as a substitute.


fluke

fluke (third-person singular simple present flukes, present participle fluking, simple past and past participle fluked)

flukes (present singular third-person)
fluking (participle present)
fluked (participle past)
fluked (past)

Unknown, perhaps dialectal. It seems to have originally referred to a lucky shot at billiards. Possibly connected to sense 3, referring to whales' use of flukes to move rapidly.

He fluked the other red into the middle pocket, despite the double kiss.

(snooker) To fortuitously pot a ball in an unintended way.


like

en-noun

like (countable and uncountable, plural likes)

Adjective from Middle English lik, lyk, lich, like, from Old English ġelīċ by shortening, influenced by Old Norse líkr, glíkr; both from Proto-Germanic *galīkaz (“like, similar, same”). Related to alike; more distantly, with lich and -ly. Cognate with West Frisian like (“like; as”), Saterland Frisian gliek (“like”), Danish lig (“alike”), Dutch gelijk (“like, alike”), German gleich (“equal, like”), Icelandic líkur (“alike, like, similar”), Norwegian lik (“like, alike”) Swedish lik (“like, similar”)
Adverb from Middle English like, lyke, liche, lyche, from Old English ġelīċe (“likewise, also, as, in like manner, similarly”) and Old Norse líka (“also, likewise”); both from Proto-Germanic *galīkê, from Proto-Germanic *galīkaz (“same, like, similar”).
Conjunction from Middle English like, lyke, lik, lyk, from the adverb Middle English like.
Preposition from Middle English like, lyke, liche, lyche, lijc, liih (“similar to, like, equal to, comparable with”), from Middle English like (adjective) and like (adverb).

der

to play the like

(golf) The stroke that equalizes the number of strokes played by the opposing player or side.


duplex

PIE word
 *dwóh₁
Borrowed from Latin duplex (“double, two-fold”), from duo (“two”) + plico (“fold together”); compare the roots of διπλόος (diplóos, “double”); compare also πλέκω (plékō, “twist, braid”). By surface analysis, duo- + -plex.

(juggling) A throwing motion where two balls are thrown with one hand at the same time.


duplex

en-verb

duplex (third-person singular simple present duplexes, present participle duplexing, simple past and past participle duplexed)

duplexes (present singular third-person)
duplexing (participle present)
duplexed (participle past)
duplexed (past)

(juggling) To make a series of duplex throws.


kit

en-noun

kit (countable and uncountable, plural kits)

From Middle English kyt, kytt, kytte, from Middle Dutch kitte (“a wooden vessel made of hooped staves”). Related to Dutch kit (“tankard”) (see below). The further etymology is unknown. Perhaps from Proto-Germanic *kitjō-, *kut-, which would be related to the root of Dutch kot (“ramshackle house”), itself of non-Indo-European origin.
The transfer of meaning to the contents of a soldier's knapsack dates to the late 18th century, extended use of any collection of necessaries used for travelling dates to the first half of the 19th century.
The further widening of the sense to a collection of parts sold for the buyer to assemble emerges in US English in the mid 20th century.

der

A sell-out crowd of 10,000 then observed perfectly a period of silence before the team revealed their black armbands, complete with stitched-in poppies, for the match. After Fifa’s about-turn, it must have been a frantic few days for the England kit manufacturer. The on-field challenge was altogether more straightforward.

2011 November 10, Jeremy Wilson, “England Under 21 5 Iceland Under 21 0: match report”, in Telegraph:

(UK, sports) The standard set of clothing, accessories and equipment worn by players.


try

From Middle English trien (“to try a legal case”), from Anglo-Norman trier (“to try a case”), Old French trier (“to choose, pick out or separate from others, sift, cull”), of uncertain origin, but likely from Late Latin trītāre (“to grind”), from Classical Latin trītus, the past participle of terō, terere, with the semantic shift seemingly originating from the Latin set phrase granum terere (“to beat the corn from the chaff”), which can also be found in modern French as trier le grain.
Replaced native Middle English cunnen (“to try”) (from Old English cunnian), Middle English fandien (“to try, prove”) (from Old English fandian), and Middle English costnien (“to try, tempt, test”) (from Old English costnian).

cog

[t̠͡ɹ̠̊˔aɪ̯]

[t̠͡ɹ̠̊˔ʷaɪ̯]

Today I scored my first try.

But two penalties and a drop-goal from Jonny Wilkinson, despite a host of other wayward attempts, plus a late try from Chris Ashton were enough to send a misfiring England through.

2011 October 1, Tom Fordyce, “Rugby World Cup 2011: England 16-12 Scotland”, in BBC Sport:

(rugby) A score in rugby league and rugby union, analogous to a touchdown in American football.

(American football) A field goal or extra point


boner

erect penis

(slang, erect penis): erection, hard-on, stiffy

He really pulled a boner that time!

(dated slang, especially baseball) A blunder; a silly mistake.


get up

en-verb

get up (third-person singular simple present gets up, present participle getting up, simple past got up, past participle (UK) got up or (US) gotten up)

gets up (present singular third-person)
getting up (participle present)
got up (past)
got up (UK participle past)
gotten up (US participle past)

City sent on Adam Johnson for the ineffective Jo and the Englishman at least gave notice that he wanted to run at the Arsenal defence, but his team-mates had been run into the ground by then and no-one could get up in support of the winger.

2011 January 5, Jonathan Stevenson, “Arsenal 0 - 0 Man City”, in BBC:

(sports) To go towards the attacking goal.


dissent

en-noun

dissent (countable and uncountable, plural dissents)

agreement

antonym(s) of “a disagreement with ideas etc. of authority”

From Middle English dissenten, from Latin dissentire (“to differ in sentiments, disagree, be at odds, contradict, quarrel”), from dis- + sentire (see sense).

der

City had been woeful, their anger at their own inertia summed up when Samir Nasri received a booking for dissent, and they did not have a shot on target until the 66th minute.

2014 March 9, Jacob Steinberg, “Wigan shock Manchester City in FA Cup again to reach semi-finals”, in The Guardian:

(sports) A violation that arises when disagreement with an official call is expressed in an inappropriate manner such as foul language, rude gestures, or failure to comply.