square

en-adj

square (comparative squarer, superlative squarest)

squarer (comparative)
squarest (superlative)

(cricket) In line with the batsman's popping crease.

cricket: in line with batsman's popping crease

samansuuntainen lyöjän lyöntialueen viivan kanssa


square

en-verb

square (third-person singular simple present squares, present participle squaring, simple past and past participle squared)

squares (present singular third-person)
squaring (participle present)
squared (participle past)
squared (past)

From Middle English square, sqware, squyre; from Old French esquarre, esquerre, (modern French équerre), from Vulgar Latin *exquadra, from Latin ex- + quadro, from quadrus (compare English quad and quadra). Doublet of squad and squadra.
Displaced Old English fēowerecge (fēower nominative + ecg accusative, as in "four-edged").

подравнявам

to adjust so as to align with or place at a right angle

jalustaa poikittain

nautical: to place at right angles with the keel

(transitive) To adjust so as to align with or place at a right angle to something else; in particular:

(rowing) To rotate the oars so that they are perpendicular to the water.

kääntää vetoasentoon

rowing: to rotate oars to be perpendicular to the water

First, former Toffee Mikel Arteta sent Walcott racing clear but instead of shooting he squared towards Ramsey, who was foiled by Tony Hibbert.

2011 December 10, David Ornstein, “Arsenal 1 - 0 Everton”, in BBC Sport:

(soccer) To make a short low pass sideways across the pitch

syöttää poikittain

soccer: to make a short low pass sideways across the pitch


fifty

fifties (plural)
fiftie (alternative)
fitty (alternative)
fiddy (alternative)

PIE word
 *pénkʷe
From Middle English fifty, from Old English fīftiġ, from Proto-Germanic *fimf tigiwiz (“five tens”).

inh

(cricket) A batsman's score of at least 50 runs and less than 100 runs.


hundred

hundreds (plural)
C (alternative)
hecto- (alternative)

From Middle English hundred, from Old English hundred, from Proto-Germanic *hundaradą, from *hundą (from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm) + *radą (“count”), a neuter variant of *radō (“row, line, series”). Compare West Frisian hûndert, Dutch honderd, Low German hunnert, hunnerd, German Hundert, Danish hundred.

He made a hundred in the historic match.

(cricket) A score of one hundred runs or more scored by a batsman.


jack

→ Brazilian Portuguese: jegue

→ European Portuguese: jaque

Transferred use of the personal name Jack.
(cricket: eleventh batsman): An allusion to the jack in playing cards, which follows the 10.

náłbiil bijaadbee dahnádidlohí

device for raising and supporting a heavy object

jekker

military: coarse medieval coat of defense

(cricket, slang) The eleventh batsman to come to the crease in an innings.


jack

The year before ('76) Kingman had 37 jacks with only 502 PAs. Is that the limit?

2001 October 8, Ray Dames, “Re: McGwire's Year”, in rec.sport.baseball (Usenet):

Me three. I never have quite understood all the "three true outcomes" fetish around here. I mean, I know that building an offense around walks and 3-run jacks embodies the Sabermetric Virtues, and especially in today's conditions that's the way to win, but man, it sure leads to some slow, boring games.

2002 April 18, Perry, “Re: To all you Oakland A's fans...”, in rec.sport.baseball (Usenet):

3-run jacks are just another tool in a team's chest. The goal is to make the playoffs, then win at least one more game than your opponent each round. And repeat next year, and the year after that, and...

2004 January 18, Terrell Miller, “Re: Does playing for the 3-run home run really help you win championships?”, in rec.sport.baseball (Usenet):


jack

en-verb

jack (third-person singular simple present jacks, present participle jacking, simple past and past participle jacked)

jacks (present singular third-person)
jacking (participle present)
jacked (participle past)
jacked (past)

An excellent piece of work, Wayne thought, so good in fact, he wasn’t surprised when Bailey walked to the plate and on the first pitch jacked the ball far into the parking lot outside the left-field fence for a tournament winning homerun.

1986, Arete: The Journal of Sport Literature, volume 4, Sport Literature Association:

Therefore, even though Vizquel is certainly not a power hitter, at times he will try to jack the ball, perhaps pulling it with just enough oomph to carry down the line for a homer.

2004, Wayne Stewart, Hitting Secrets of the Pros: Big League Sluggers Reveal the Tricks of Their Trade, McGraw-Hill Professional, →ISBN, page 90:

Maybe he hung a curve ball to somebody and they jacked it out of the park on him and he wasn’t upset about it.

a. 2009, Jim McManus, quoted in T.J. Lewis, A View from the Mound: My Father’s Life in Baseball, Lulu.com (publisher, 2008), page 107

(transitive, slang, baseball) To hit (the ball) hard; especially, to hit (the ball) out of the field, producing a home run.


league

en-noun

league (countable and uncountable, plural leagues)

→ Japanese: リーグ (rīgu)

→ Korean: 리그 (rigeu)

From Middle English liege, ligg, lige (“a pact between governments, an agreement, alliance”), from Middle French ligue, from Italian lega, from the verb legare, from Latin ligō (“I tie”).

My favorite sports organizations are the National Football League and the American League in baseball.

(sports) An organization of sports teams which play against one another for a championship.

Are you going to watch the league tonight?

(informal, rugby, uncountable) Ellipsis of rugby league.


deuce

From Middle English dewes (“two”), from Anglo-Norman, from Old French deus, from Latin duo. The word was used by Ford to describe a model of car they made in 1932 due to it being a two-seater.

(tennis, table tennis, volleyball) A tied game where either player can win by scoring two consecutive points.

iguals

tennis: tie, both players able to win by scoring two additional points


tennis

tennis (usually uncountable, plural tennises)

→ Armenian: թենիս (tʻenis)

→ Arabic: تِنِس (tinis)

→ Asturian: tenis

→ Basque: tenis

→ Burmese: တင်းနစ် (tang:nac)

→ Catalan: tennis

→ Czech: tenis

→ Danish: tennis

→ Dutch: tennis

→ Finnish: tennis

→ French: tennis

→ Galician: tenis

German: Tennis
→ Estonian: tennis

→ Greek: τένις (ténis)

→ Greek: τένις (ténis)

→ Hebrew: טניס (ténis)

→ Hindi: टेनिस (ṭenis)

→ Hungarian: tenisz

→ Icelandic: tennis

→ Italian: tennis

→ Japanese: テニス (tenisu)

→ Korean: 테니스 (teniseu)

→ Latvian: teniss

→ Luxembourgish: Tennis

→ Malay: tenis

→ Northern Kurdish: tenîs

→ Norwegian: tennis

→ Persian: تنیس (tenis)

→ Polish: tenis

→ Portuguese: ténis, tênis (Brazil)

→ Romanian: tenis

desctree

→ Russian: те́ннис (ténnis)
→ Kazakh: теннис (tennis)

→ Scottish Gaelic: teanas

→ Serbo-Croatian: ténis / те́нис

→ Slovene: tenis

→ Spanish: tenis

→ Swahili: tenisi

→ Swedish: tennis

desc

→ Telugu: టెన్నిసు (ṭennisu), టెన్నిస్ (ṭennis)

→ Thai: เทนนิส (ten-nít)

→ Turkish: tenis

→ Ukrainian: те́ніс (ténis)

→ Uzbek: tennis

→ Walloon: tenisse

→ Welsh: tennis

→ Yiddish: טעניס (tenis)

From Middle English tennys, teneys, tenis, from Old French tenez (second-person plural imperative of tenir (“to hold”)).

der

second-person plural imperative of <i class="Latn mention" lang="fro">tenir</i> (“to hold”)

“Anthea hasn't a notion in her head but to vamp a lot of silly mugwumps. She's set her heart on that tennis bloke[…]whom the papers are making such a fuss about.”

1935, George Goodchild, chapter 1, in Death on the Centre Court:

(sports) A sport played by two players (or four in doubles), who alternately strike the ball over a net using racquets.

tennis

sport played by two or four players with strung racquets


cock

en-noun

cock (countable and uncountable, plural cocks)

Sranan Tongo: kaka

Tok Pisin: kok

→ Thai: ก๊อก (gɔ́k, “tap”)

From Middle English cok, from Old English coc, cocc (“cock, male bird”), from Proto-West Germanic *kokk, from Proto-Germanic *kukkaz (“cock”), probably of onomatopoeic origin.
Cognate with Middle Dutch cocke (“cock, male bird”) and Old Norse kokkr ("cock"; whence Danish kok (“cock”), dialectal Swedish kokk (“cock”)). Reinforced by Old French coc, also of imitative origin. The sense "penis" is attested since at least the 1610s, with the compound pillicock (“penis”) attested since 1325.

onomatopoeic

onomatopoeic

gloss

(curling) The circle at the end of the rink.


prick

en-verb

prick (third-person singular simple present pricks, present participle pricking, simple past and past participle pricked)

pricks (present singular third-person)
pricking (participle present)
pricked (participle past)
pricked (past)

From Middle English prikken, from Old English prician, priccan (“to prick”), from Proto-Germanic *prikōną, *prikjaną (“to pierce, prick”), of uncertain origin; perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *breyǵ- (“to scrape, scratch, rub, prickle, chap”). Cognate with dialectal English pritch, Dutch prikken (“to prick, sting”), Middle High German pfrecken (“to prick”), Swedish pricka (“to dot, prick”), and possibly to Lithuanian įbrėžti (“to scrape, scratch, carve, inscribe, strike”).

cog

(transitive) To pierce or puncture slightly.

(farriery) To drive a nail into (a horse's foot), so as to cause lameness.


sieve

en-verb

sieve (third-person singular simple present sieves, present participle sieving, simple past and past participle sieved)

sieves (present singular third-person)
sieving (participle present)
sieved (participle past)
sieved (past)

From Middle English sive, syfe, from Old English sife, from Proto-West Germanic *sibi (“sieve”), from Proto-Indo-European *seyp-, *seyb- (“to pour, sieve, strain, run, drip”). Akin to German Sieb, Dutch zeef, Proto-Slavic *sito (Russian си́то (síto), сев (sev), се́ять (séjatʹ)).

This was their seventh defeat out of nine finals, including five in a row, and the second half was a chastening experience for the Serie A champions, culminating in them sieving more goals in one match than in the rest of the competition put together.

2017 June 3, Daniel Taylor, “Real Madrid win Champions League as Cristiano Ronaldo double defeats Juv”, in The Guardian (London):


toe

en-noun

toe (countable and uncountable, plural toes)

heel

antonym(s) of “each of the five digits on the end of the foot”

From Middle English to, from Old English tā, (Mercian) tāhe, from Proto-West Germanic *taihā, from Proto-Germanic *taihwǭ, from *tīhwaną (“to show, announce”), from Proto-Indo-European *deyḱ- (“to show”).
See also Dutch teen, German Zehe, Danish tå, Swedish tå; also Old English teōn (“to accuse”), German zeihen (“to accuse, blame”); also Hittite [script needed] (tekkuššāi), Latin dīcere (“to say”), digitus (“finger”), Ancient Greek δείκνυμι (deíknumi, “to point out, show”), Sanskrit दिदेष्टि (dídeṣṭi), दिशति (diśáti).

cog

(dance, uncountable) An advanced form of ballet primarily performed by women, wearing pointe shoes.


toe

en-verb

toe (third-person singular simple present toes, present participle toeing, simple past and past participle toed)

toes (present singular third-person)
toeing (participle present)
toed (participle past)
toed (past)

(golf, transitive) To mishit a golf ball with the toe of the club.


for

fa (alternative)
fo (alternative)
fo' (alternative)
fur (alternative)
fuh (alternative)
fer (alternative)

From Middle English for, from Old English for (“for, because of”), from Proto-Germanic *furi (“for”), from Proto-Indo-European *preh₂-.
Cognate with West Frisian foar (“for”), Dutch voor (“for”), German für (“for”), Danish for (“for”), Swedish för (“for”), Norwegian for (“for”), Icelandic fyrir (“for”), Latin per (“by, through, for, by means of”) and Romance language descendants (e.g. Spanish para (“for”)), Ancient Greek περί (perí, “for, about, toward”), Lithuanian per (“by, through, during”), Slovak pre (“for”), Sanskrit परि (pári, “over, around”).

cog

At close of play, England were 305 for 3.

(cricket) Used as part of a score to indicate the number of wickets that have fallen.


fall

en-noun

fall (countable and uncountable, plural falls)

ascent

antonym(s) of “act of moving to a lower position under the effect of gravity”

ascent

antonym(s) of “loss of greatness or status”

Fall Classic
Fall of Baghdad
Fall of Constantinople
Fall of Rome
Fall of Saigon
Falls-to-Falls Corridor
fall

Verb from Middle English fallen, from Old English feallan (“to fall, fail, decay, die, attack”), from Proto-West Germanic *fallan (“to fall”), from Proto-Germanic *fallaną (“to fall”).
Cognate with West Frisian falle (“to fall”), Low German fallen (“to fall”), Dutch vallen (“to fall”), German fallen (“to fall”), Danish falde (“to fall”), Norwegian Bokmål falle (“to fall”), Norwegian Nynorsk falla (“to fall”), Icelandic falla (“to fall”), Lithuanian pùlti (“to attack, rush”).
Noun from Middle English fal, fall, falle, from Old English feall, ġefeall (“a falling, fall”) and Old English fealle (“trap, snare”), from Proto-Germanic *fallą, *fallaz (“a fall, trap”). Cognate with Dutch val, German Fall (“fall”) and German Falle (“trap, snare”), Danish fald, Swedish fall, Icelandic fall.
Sense of "autumn" is attested by the 1660s in England as a shortening of fall of the leaf (1540s), from the falling of leaves during this season. Along with autumn, it mostly replaced the older name harvest as that name began to be associated strictly with the act of harvesting. Compare spring, which began as a shortening of “spring of the leaf”.

inh

(sports) A crucial event or circumstance.

(cricket, of a wicket) The action of a batsman being out.

A crucial event or circumstance.
The action of a batsman being out.

(curling) A defect in the ice which causes stones thrown into an area to drift in a given direction.

(wrestling) An instance of a wrestler being pinned to the mat.


finish

From Middle English finishen, finisshen, finischen, from Old French finiss-, stem of some of the conjugated forms of finir, from Latin fīnīre, from fīnis (“end, limit, border, boundary”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeygʷ- (“to stick, set up”) or from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyd- (“to split”).

der

The Italian opted for Bolton's Cahill alongside captain John Terry - and his decision was rewarded with a goal after only 13 minutes. Bulgaria gave a hint of defensive frailties to come when they failed to clear Young's corner, and when Gareth Barry found Cahill in the box he applied the finish past Nikolay Mihaylov.

2011 September 2, Phil McNulty, “Bulgaria 0-3 England”, in BBC:

However, Colombia broke the deadlock, Leicy Santos toying with Rachel Daly after collecting Caicedo’s pass, before sweeping a dipping effort over a caught-out Mary Earps. It was a luscious finish and the crowd enjoyed it.

2023 August 12, Suzanne Wrack, “England hit back to beat Colombia and set up World Cup semi with Australia”, in The Guardian:

(sports) A shot on goal, especially one that ends in a goal.


zebra

1600; borrowed from Italian zebra, from Portuguese zebra, zebro (“zebra”), from Old Galician-Portuguese enzebro, ezebra, azebra (“wild ass”), from earlier cebrario (882), ezebrario (897), from Vulgar Latin *eciferus, from Latin equiferus (“wild horse”) (Pliny), from equus (“horse”) + ferus (“wild”).
While the word was traditionally pronounced with a long vowel in the first syllable in standard English, during the twentieth century a vowel shift occurred in regions of England, with the shortening of the first vowel. This pronunciation is now used throughout the UK and most Commonwealth nations. The long-vowel pronunciation remains standard in Canadian and American English.
(unlikely diagnosis): Originates in the advice often given to medical students, "when you hear hoofbeats, think of horses, not zebras".
(referee): In reference to the black and white striped shirts they wear.


ostrich

ostriches (plural)
estridge (alternative)

/ˈɒs.tɹɪt͡ʃ/

/ˈɒs.tɹɪd͡ʒ/

/ˈɔs.tɹɪt͡ʃ/

/ˈɑs.tɹɪt͡ʃ/

/ˈɔs.tɹɪd͡ʒ/

/ˈɑs.tɹɪd͡ʒ/

From Middle English ostrich, ostriche, ostryche, ostrige, borrowed from Anglo-Norman ostrige and Old French ostruce, from Vulgar Latin *austruthio, from Latin avis (“bird”) + strūthiō (“ostrich”), from Ancient Greek στρουθίων (strouthíōn), or shortened from strūthiocamēlus, from Ancient Greek στρουθιοκάμηλος (strouthiokámēlos), from στρουθός (strouthós, “sparrow”) + κάμηλος (kámēlos, “camel”). Compare Spanish avestruz and Portuguese avestruz.

στρουθιοκάμηλος

(golf) The hypothetical completion of a hole five strokes under par (a quintuple birdie, quadruple eagle, triple albatross, or double condor).


boomerang

→ Japanese: ブーメラン (būmeran)

Australian rules football
Australian rules football

(Australian rules football, rugby) A boomerang kick.


VB

en-noun

VB (countable and uncountable, plural VBs)


action

action (countable and uncountable, plural actions)

→ Arabic: أَكْشِن (ʔakšin)

→ Bulgarian: екшън (ekšǎn)

→ German: Action

→ Irish: aicsean

→ Hebrew: אקשן (akshn)

→ Japanese: アクション (akushon)

→ Korean: 액션 (aeksyeon)

→ Russian: экшн (ekšn)

From Middle English accion, from Old French aucion, acciun, from Latin āctiō(n) (“act of doing or making”), from āctus + action suffix -iō(n), perfect passive participle of agere (“do, act”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éǵeti; see also act, active. By surface analysis, act + -ion.


future

en-noun

future (countable and uncountable, plural futures)

From Middle English future, futur, from Old French futur, from Latin futūrus, irregular future active participle of sum (“I am”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to become, be”). Cognate with Old English bēo (“I become, I will be, I am”). More at be. Displaced native Old English tōweard and Middle English afterhede (“future”, literally “afterhood”) in the given sense.


regular

en-adj

regular (comparative more regular, superlative most regular)

more regular (comparative)
most regular (superlative)

/ˈɹɛɡ.jʊ.lə/

/ˈɹɛɡ.jə.lɚ/

[ˈɹɛɡ.jɪ̈.lɚ]

From Middle English reguler, from Anglo-Norman reguler, Middle French reguler, regulier, and their source, Latin rēgulāris (“continuing rules for guidance”), from rēgula (“rule”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *reg- (“move in a straight line”).

مُنْتَظِمٌ

of a polygon: having all sides and corresponding angles equal

register

not etymologically related but has semantic associations

(snowboarding) Riding with the left foot forward.

tavallinen

snowboarding: riding with the left foot forward


stem

From Middle English stem, stemme, stempne, stevin, from Old English stemn, from Proto-West Germanic *stamni, from Proto-Germanic *stamniz, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand, stay”).

the apple does not fall far from the stem

(cycling) A component on a bicycle that connects the handlebars to the bicycle fork.

stuurpen

Component on a bicycle that connects the handlebars to the bicycle fork


stem

en-verb

stem (third-person singular simple present stems, present participle stemming, simple past and past participle stemmed)

stems (present singular third-person)
stemming (participle present)
stemmed (participle past)
stemmed (past)

From Middle English stemmen, a borrowing from Old Norse stemma (“to stop, stem, dam”) (whence Danish stemme/stæmme (“to stem, dam up”)), from Proto-Germanic *stammijaną. Cognate with German stemmen, Middle Dutch stemmen, stempen. Compare stammer.

(skiing) To move the feet apart and point the tips of the skis inward in order to slow down the speed or to facilitate a turn.


leather

en-noun

leather (countable and uncountable, plural leathers)

Tok Pisin: let

→ Esperanto: ledo

→ Ido: ledro

From Middle English lether, from Old English leþer (“leather”), from Proto-West Germanic *leþr, from Proto-Germanic *leþrą (“leather”), possibly borrowed from Proto-Celtic *ɸlitrom, *letros, from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥tro-.
Cognate with West Frisian leare (“leather”), Low German Leder (“leather”), Dutch leder, leer (“leather”), German Leder (“leather”), Danish læder (“leather”), Swedish läder (“leather”), Icelandic leður (“leather”).

Jones showed good leather to snare that liner.


MIA

M.I.A. (alternative)
M. I. A. (alternative)

56 Michael Jordan, CHI vs. MIA, Apr. 29, 1992.

1996, Marty Strasen, Basketball Almanac, 1996-97, page 415:


fish

en-verb

fish (third-person singular simple present fishes, present participle fishing, simple past and past participle fished)

fishes (present singular third-person)
fishing (participle present)
fished (participle past)
fished (past)

From Old English fiscian, from Proto-West Germanic *fiskōn, from Proto-Germanic *fiskōną.

snoeken

when fishing for this particular kind of fish

(intransitive, cricket) Of a batsman, to attempt to hit a ball outside off stump and miss it.


quarrel

en-noun

quarrel (countable and uncountable, plural quarrels)

PIE word
 *kʷetwóres
From Middle English quarrel (“bolt for an arbalest, crossbow, or siege engine; (figurative) seductive glance, temptation to sin; needle (possibly one square in cross-section); small (perhaps square-shaped) opening in window tracery; a cushion (perhaps square-shaped)”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman quarel, quarele, quarrel, Middle French quarrel, and Old French quarel, quarrel, carrel (“crossbow bolt; floor tile or paving stone (rectangular- or square-shaped); small glass pane for windows”) (modern French carreau (“crossbow bolt; a tile; windowpane; a square”)), from Late Latin quarellus, quadrellus (“crossbow bolt; paving stone; a tile”), from Latin quadrum (“a square; square section; regular shape or form”) + -ellus (variant of -ulus (suffix forming diminutive nouns, indicating small size or youth)). Quadrum is ultimately derived from quattuor (“four”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwóres (“four”).

nb...

quarel, quarele, quarell, quarelle, quareyll, quarrell, querel, querelle, qwarel, qwarell, (Lancashire) wharl

der

Twanged the ſtring, out flew the quarell long, / And through the ſubtile aire did ſinging pas, / It hit the knight the buckles rich among, / Wherewith his pretious girdle faſt'ned was, / It bruſed them and pearſt his hawberke ſtrong, / Some little blood downe trickled on the gras; [...]

1600, [Torquato Tasso], “The Seuenth Booke of Godfrey of Bulloigne”, in Edward Fairefax [i.e., Edward Fairfax], transl., Godfrey of Bulloigne, or The Recouerie of Ierusalem. […], London: […] Ar[nold] Hatfield, for I[saac] Iaggard and M[atthew] Lownes, →OCLC, stanza 103, page 137:

Here be two arblasts, comrade, with windlaces and quarrells—to the barbican with you, and see you drive each bolt through a Saxon brain.

1819 December 20 (indicated as 1820), Walter Scott, chapter XIV, in Ivanhoe; a Romance. […], volume III, Edinburgh: […] Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Hurst, Robinson, and Co. […], →OCLC, page 281:

The small cross-bow, called the arbalet or arbalest, is said to have been invented by the Sicilians. It was carried by the foot-soldiers, and when used was charged with a quarrel or bar-bolt, that is, a small arrow with a flat head, one of which occasioned the death of Harold [Godwinson] at the battle of Hastings, [...]

1829 January–July, [Edward Augustus Kendall], “Illustrations of History. Archery.”, in The Olio; or Museum of Entertainment, volume III, London: […] Shackell and Carfrae [for] Joseph Shackell, […], →OCLC, page 174, column 2:

"What was that?" he asked, as a hissing, sharp-drawn voice seemed to whisper in his ear. The steersman smiled, and pointed with his foot to where a short heavy cross-bow quarrel stuck quivering in the boards.

1891, A[rthur] Conan Doyle, “How the Yellow Cog Fought the Two Rover Galleys”, in The White Company […], volume II, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], →OCLC, page 71:

(countable, archery, historical) An arrow or bolt for a crossbow or an arbalest (“a late, large type of crossbow”), traditionally with the head square in its cross section.

cairell

arrow or bolt for a crossbow or arbalest


air

en-noun

air (countable and uncountable, plural airs)

airs (plural)
aire (alternative)
ayre (alternative)
eyr (alternative)
ayr (alternative)

→ Jersey Dutch: êr

From Middle English aire, from Old French air, from Latin āēr, from Ancient Greek ἀήρ (aḗr). Displaced native Old English lyft. More at lift, loft.

хӏауа

mixture of gases making up the atmosphere of the Earth

luftrener

air conditioner or the processed air it produces

(uncountable, snowboarding, skateboarding, motor sports) The state of being briefly airborne during a jump.

hop

snowboarding, skateboarding: jump in which one becomes airborne


angle

From Middle English angle, angul, angule, borrowed from Middle French angle, from Latin angulus, anglus (“corner, remote area”). Cognate with Old High German ancha (“nape of the neck”), Middle High German anke (“joint of the foot, nape of neck”). Doublet of angulus and ankle.

cog

professional wrestling
professional wrestling

(slang, professional wrestling) A storyline between two wrestlers, providing the background for and approach to a feud.


belly flop

belly flops (plural)
bellyflop (alternative)
belly-flop (alternative)

(diving) A style of diving into a body of water in which the surface impact is made mostly by one's abdomen.


arm

From Middle English arm, from Old English earm, from Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz (“arm”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂(e)rmos (“a fitting, joint; arm, forequarter”), a suffixed form of *h₂er- (“to join, fit together”).
Cognates
Akin to Dutch arm, German Arm, Yiddish אָרעם (orem), Danish, Norwegian and Swedish arm. Indo-European cognates include Latin armus (“the uppermost part of the arm, shoulder”), Bulgarian рамо (ramo), Polish ramię, Serbo-Croatian rȁme, Armenian արմունկ (armunk, “elbow”), Ancient Greek ἁρμός (harmós, “joint, shoulder”) and ἅρμα (hárma, “wagon, chariot”), Avestan 𐬀𐬭𐬨𐬀 (arma), Old Persian [script needed] (arma).

cog

break one's arm patting oneself on the back

one can't carry two watermelons under one arm

The team needs to sign another arm in the offseason.


balance beam

(gymnastics) A gymnastics apparatus, a narrow wooden rail used in artistic (athletic) gymnastics.

(gymnastics) A gymnastics event using the balance beam apparatus.


floor exercise

(gymnastics) A performance on a mat-covered floor using no apparatus.


laundry

en-noun

laundry (countable and uncountable, plural laundries)

dialectal, obsolete, distinct from the cot–caught merger

From Middle English lavendrie, from Old French lavanderie, from Latin lavandaria. See launder.

(slang, American football) A penalty flag.


left

From Middle English left, luft, leoft, lift, lyft, from Old English left, lyft (“weak, clumsy, foolish”), attested in Old English lyftādl (“palsy, paralysis”), from Proto-Germanic *luft-, from *lubjaną (“to castrate, lop off”) (compare dialectal English lib, West Frisian lobje, Dutch lubben), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)lewp-, *(s)lup- (“hanging limply”). Compare Scots left (“left”), North Frisian lefts, leeft, leefts (“left”), West Frisian lofts (“left”), dialectal Dutch loof (“weak, worthless”), Low German lucht (“left”).

cog

The world 'as got me snouted jist a treat; Crool Forchin's dirty left 'as smote me soul.

1915, C.J. Dennis, The Songs of a Sentimental Bloke, published 1916, page 13:

(boxing) A punch delivered with the left fist.

(surfing) A wave breaking from left to right (viewed from the shore).


right

rights (plural)
ryght (alternative)
reight (alternative)
rite (alternative)

duty

antonym(s) of “legal or moral entitlement”

From Middle English right, righte, reght, reghte, riȝt, riȝte, from Old English riht, reht, ġeriht (“that which is right, just, or proper; a right; due; law; canon; rule; direction; justice; equity; standard”), from Proto-West Germanic *reht, from Proto-Germanic *rehtą (“a right”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵtom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵt- (“to straighten; direct”). Cognate with Dutch recht (“a right; privilege”), German Recht (“a right”), Danish ret (“a right”).

der

(surfing) A wave breaking from right to left (viewed from the shore).


wing

wings (plural)
weng (alternative)
whing (alternative)
wyng (alternative)

From Middle English winge, wenge, from Old Norse vængr ("wing of a flying animal, wing of a building"; compare vængi (“ship's cabin”)), from Proto-Germanic *wēingijaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂weh₁- (“to blow”), thus related to wind. Cognate with Danish vinge (“wing”), Swedish vinge (“wing”), Icelandic vængur (“wing”).
Replaced native Middle English fither (from Old English fiþre, from Proto-Germanic *fiþriją), which merged with Middle English fether (from Old English feþer, from Proto-Germanic *feþrō). More at feather.

gl

"wing of a flying animal, wing of a building"; compare <i class="Latn mention" lang="non">vængi</i> (“ship's cabin”)

der

Smith started the game in the centre of midfield, but moved to the wing after 30 minutes.

(sports) A position in several field games on either side of the field.

The Tottenham wing was causing havoc down the right and when he broke past the bemused Sasa Balic once again, Bellamy was millimetres from connecting with his cross as the Liverpool striker hurled himself at the ball.

2011 September 2, “Wales 2-1 Montenegro”, in BBC:

(sports) A player occupying such a position, also called a winger


quadruple

From Middle English quadruple, from Latin quadruplus. Can be analyzed as quadri- + -ple.

(skating) A figure-skating jump with four revolutions in the air.


rainbow

Sranan Tongo: alenbo

From Middle English reynbowe, raynbowe, from Old English reġnboga (“rainbow”), from Proto-West Germanic *regnabogō, from Proto-Germanic *regnabugô (“rainbow”), equivalent to rain + bow (“arch”). Cognate with West Frisian reinbôge (“rainbow”), Dutch regenboog (“rainbow”), German Regenbogen (“rainbow”), Danish regnbue (“rainbow”), Swedish regnbåge (“rainbow”), Icelandic regnbogi (“rainbow”).

(baseball) A curveball, particularly a slow one.

(soccer) A trick in which the player makes the ball arc over the opponent's head using both feet; rainbow kick


rainbow

en-verb

rainbow (third-person singular simple present rainbows, present participle rainbowing, simple past and past participle rainbowed)

rainbows (present singular third-person)
rainbowing (participle present)
rainbowed (participle past)
rainbowed (past)

“She's going to learn to belay while I'm climbing? What if I fall?” “You're not going to fall while rainbowing a 5.8, and besides, she'll catch you.” “I could die.” “That would be tragic,” I said. Kaitlyn crossed her arms.

2016, Kristin Lenz, Art of Holding On and Letting Go, Elephant Rock Books, →ISBN:

called “rainbowing.” Different routes were color coordinated. ... Using hand-me-down equipment and learning as much as she could, Brittany began climbing outdoors. She found like-minded people and joined organizations such as Brown ...

2021, Ann McCallum Staats, Thrill Seekers: 15 Remarkable Women in Extreme Sports, Chicago Review Press, →ISBN:

(climbing) In climbing gyms where the rocks to climb are colored to indicate suggested climbing routes, to climb rocks of different colors, thereby ignoring such routes.


duck

en-noun

duck (countable and uncountable, plural ducks or duck)

ducks (plural)
duck (plural)
ducke (alternative)

desctree

Sranan Tongo: doksi (from the plural)
→ Dutch: doks

From Middle English doke, ducke, dukke, dokke, douke, duke, from Old English duce, dūce (“duck”, literally “dipper, diver, ducker”), from Old English *dūcan (“to dip, dive, duck”), from Proto-West Germanic *dūkan, from Proto-Germanic *dūkaną (“to dive, bend down”). See verb above.
Cognates
Cognate with Scots duik, duke, dook (“duck”), Danish dukand, dykand (“sea-duck”), Swedish dykfågel (“a diver, diving bird, plungeon”), Dutch duiker (“diver, dipper, plunger”), German Low German Düker (“diver”), German Taucher (“diver, plunger”).
For the meaning development compare with Russian ныро́к (nyrók, “pochard”) connected with ныря́ть (nyrjátʹ, “to dive”).

cog

could eat the arse out of a low flying duck

could eat the crotch out of a low flying duck

could eat the crutch from a low flying duck

don't teach your grandmother how to milk ducks

(cricket) A batsman's score of zero after getting out. (Short for duck's egg.)

nulletjie

a batsman's score of zero after getting out


hack

en-verb

hack (third-person singular simple present hacks, present participle hacking, simple past and past participle hacked)

hacks (present singular third-person)
hacking (participle present)
hacked (participle past)
hacked (past)

Spanish: jaquear

From Middle English hacken, hakken, from Old English *haccian (“to hack”), from Proto-West Germanic *hakkōn, from Proto-Germanic *hakkōną (“to chop; hoe; hew”), from Proto-Indo-European *keg-, *keng- (“to be sharp; peg; hook; handle”).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian häkje (“to hack”), West Frisian hakje (“to hack”), Dutch hakken (“to chop up; hack”), German hacken (“to chop; hack; hoe”), Danish hakke (“to chop”), Swedish hacka (“to hack; chop”), French hacher (“to chop”).
The computer senses date back to at least 1955 when it initially referred to creative problem solving. By 1963, the negative connotations of “black hat” or malicious hacking had become associated with telephone hacking (cf. phreaking).

اِخْتَرَقَ

to gain illegal access to a computer network

He's going to the penalty box after hacking the defender in front of the goal.

Jensen gets a 5 minute major penalty for hacking Orsov in the back.

(ice hockey) To strike an opponent with one's hockey stick, typically on the leg but occasionally and more seriously on the back, arm, head, etc.

подси́чам

ice hockey: to strike an opponent with one's hockey stick

There's a scramble in front of the net as the forwards are hacking at the bouncing puck.

(ice hockey) To make a flailing attempt to hit the puck with a hockey stick.

sohia

ice hockey: to make a flailing attempt to hit the puck

He went to the batter's box hacking.

Barcelona had been harried and hurried and stretched thin by the midway point in the second half. Tackles flew in. Toes were crushed, shins barked, ankles hacked.

8 May 2019, Barney Ronay, “Liverpool’s waves of red fury and recklessness end in joyous bedlam”, in The Guardian:

(soccer and rugby) To kick (a player) on the shins.


hack

en-noun

hack (countable and uncountable, plural hacks)

(curling) The foothold traditionally cut into the ice from which the person who throws the rock pushes off for delivery.

Zersky is still down after that nasty hack by Lenner.

(ice hockey) The act of striking an opponent with one's hockey stick, typically on the leg but occasionally and more seriously on the back, arm, head, etc.

And Melnick goes down with one last hack at an O'Malley fastball.

(baseball) A swing of the bat at a pitched ball by the batter, particularly a choppy, ungraceful one that misses the ball such as at a fastball.


hack

Abbreviation of hackney (“an ordinary horse”), probably from place name Hackney.

(equestrianism) To ride a horse at a regular pace; to ride on a road (as opposed to riding cross-country etc.).


jump

en-verb

jump (third-person singular simple present jumps, present participle jumping, simple past and past participle jumped)

jumps (present singular third-person)
jumping (participle present)
jumped (participle past)
jumped (past)
jump (infinitive)

From Middle English jumpen (“to walk quickly, run, jump”), probably of Middle Low German or North Germanic origin, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *gumpōną ~ *gumbōną (“to hop, skip, bounce”), an iterative verb. The OED suggests an imitative origin. Related to jumble. In the sense “to propel oneself” it displaced leap partially and spring largely.
Cognates
Cognate with German Low German jumpen (“to jump”), archaic German gumpen (“to jump, hop, bounce”), dialectal German gampen (“to hop”), Alemannic German gumpe (“to leap, jump”), Walser dialect kumpu, Old Norse gopta (“to jump; make jump”) Danish gumpe (“to jolt”), Swedish gumpa (“to jump”), Danish gimpe (“to move up and down”), Middle English jumpren, jumbren (“to mix, jumble”).

onomatopoeic

imitative

jump down

cause oneself to leave an elevated location and fall

the quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog

(cycling, intransitive) To increase speed aggressively and without warning.


jump

Brill Publishers
hydraulic jump
jump cut
jump discontinuity
jump instruction

onomatopoeic

imitative

قَفْزَة

instance of propelling oneself into the air — see also leap

Heartless managed the scale the first jump but fell over the second.

(sports, equestrianism) An obstacle that forms part of a showjumping course, and that the horse has to jump over cleanly.


hole

→ Japanese: ホール (hōru)

→ Korean: 홀 (hol)

Sranan Tongo: olo

Inherited from Middle English hole, hol, from Old English hol (“orifice, hollow place, cavity”), from Proto-West Germanic *hol, from Proto-Germanic *hulą (“hollow space, cavity”), noun derivative of Proto-Germanic *hulaz (“hollow”), which is of uncertain ultimate origin. Related to hollow.

отвор

orifice (see anus etc. for specific body cavities)

know one's ass from a hole in the ground

know one's head from a hole in the ground

know the difference between one's ass and a hole in the ground

(golf) A subsurface standard-size hole, also called cup, hitting the ball into which is the object of play. Each hole, of which there are usually eighteen as the standard on a full course, is located on a prepared surface, called the green, of a particular type grass.

I played 18 holes yesterday.  The second hole today cost me three strokes over par.

(golf) The part of a game in which a player attempts to hit the ball into one of the holes.

The shortstop ranged deep into the hole to make the stop.

(baseball) The rear portion of the defensive team between the shortstop and the third baseman.


wood

en-noun

wood (countable and uncountable, plural woods)

Sranan Tongo: udu

PIE word
 *dwóh₁
From Middle English wode, from Old English wudu, widu (“wood, forest, grove; tree; timber”), from Proto-West Germanic *widu, from Proto-Germanic *widuz (“wood”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁weydʰh₁- (“to separate”).
Cognate with Dutch wede (“wood, twig”), Middle High German wite (“wood”), Danish ved (“wood”), Swedish ved (“firewood”), Icelandic viður (“wood”). Further cognates include Irish fiodh (“a wood, tree”), Irish fid (“tree”) and Welsh gwŷdd (“trees”); all from Proto-Celtic *widus (“wood”). Unrelated to Dutch woud (“forest”), German Wald (“forest”) (see English wold).

der

(countable, golf) A type of golf club, the head of which was traditionally made of wood.


crew

From Middle English crue, from Old French creue (“an increase, recruit, military reinforcement”), the feminine past participle of creistre (“grow”), from Latin crescere (“to arise, grow”).

And Jay cuts the records every day of the week / And we are the crew that can never be meek

1985, “King of Rock”, performed by Run-DMC:

The most popular and critically acclaimed rap and deejay “crews”—Run-D.M.C., Whodini, L.L. Cool J, the Beastie Boys, the Fat Boys, Public Enemy, Full Force, Salt & Pepa, Afrika Bambaataa, Kurtis Blow, Mantronix, U.T.F.O., et al.—were spawned on that city's streets.

1988 February 7, Carly Darling, “L.A.—The Second Deffest City of Hip-Hop”, in Los Angeles Times:

We decided we needed another rapper in the crew and spent months looking.

2003, Jennifer Guglielmo, Salvatore Salerno, Are Italians White?, →ISBN, page 150:

In b-boying culture, a group of b-boys or b-girls who dance and battle together are referred to as a crew.

2016, Sophy Smith, Hip-Hop Turntablism, Creativity and Collaboration, Routledge, →ISBN, page 10:

[…] mutating into all-star line-ups of emcees spitting hot bars over familiar beats, then to a single crew spitting bars over familiar beats, then eventually to a single crew (or artist) spitting bars over unfamiliar beats.

2021, Jehnie I. Burns, Mixtape Nostalgia: Culture, Memory, and Representation, page 138:

(slang, hip-hop) A hip-hop or b-boying group.

A group of people together
A hip-hop or b-boying group.

If a crew feather much under water, it is a good plan to seat them in a row on a bench, and give each man a stick to handle as an oar.

(rowing) A rowing team manning a single shell.

A group of people together
A rowing team manning a single shell.

The University of Virginia belongs to the Atlantic Coast Conference and competes interscholastically in basketball, baseball, crew, cross country, fencing, football, golf, indoor track, lacrosse, polo, soccer, swimming, tennis, track, and wrestling.

1973, University of Virginia Undergraduate Record:

Two Andover classmates, Al Wilson and Al Lindley, both went out for crew in our freshman year at Yale.

1989, Benjamin Spock, Mary Morgan, Spock on Spock, →ISBN, page 71:

(sports, rowing, US, uncountable) The sport of competitive rowing.


project

→ Japanese: プロジェクト (purojekuto)

→ Korean: 프로젝트 (peurojekteu)

→ Scottish Gaelic: pròiseact

/ˈpɹɑˌd͡ʒɛkt/

From Latin prōiectus, perfect passive participle of prōiciō (“throw forth, extend; expel”).

Sakho was seen as no-frills, whereas Maiga was a project who could develop into the next big thing.

2014 October 27, Gabriele Marcotti, “Ancelotti triumphs, van Gaal's progress, Dortmund disappoint, more”, in ESPN FC:

Elway acknowledged at the time that Lynch was a project who needed some seasoning but he expressed hope that Lynch might be a quick study. He wasn't.

2018 September 2, Arnie Melendrez Stapleton, “Broncos cut ties with 2016 first-round pick QB Lynch”, in WNYT:

diamond in the rough
diamond in the rough

(US, sports) A raw recruit who the team hopes will improve greatly with coaching; a long shot, diamond in the rough.


bisque

Borrowed from French bisque, of unknown origin; Émile Littré, Dictionnaire de la langue française, suggests a comparison with Spanish bisca (“gambling house, gambling den”).

cog

(sports) An extra turn, free point or some other advantage allowed.

A free turn in a handicap croquet match.

A free point in a handicap real tennis match.

Going round with Angus McTavish carrying your bag, she mused, was equivalent to about four bisques to the opposition. Angus McTavish was the sort of man who, just by going about looking like a frozen asset, takes all the edge and zip out of a girl's game.

1937 March 19, P[elham] G[renville] Wodehouse, Lord Emsworth and Others, London: Herbert Jenkins, OCLC 851336728; republished Woodstock, N.Y.: The Overlook Press, 2002, ISBN 978-1-58567-277-6, pages 137–138


maul

From Middle English malle (“mace, maul”), from Anglo-Norman mail, from Old French mail, from Latin malleus (“hammer”). Doublet of malleus.

(rugby) A situation where the player carrying the ball, who must be on his feet, is held by one or more opponents, and one or more of the ball carrier's team mates bind onto the ball carrier.


stock car

stock cars (plural)
stockcar (alternative)

Stock cars can't have all the modifications of other racing cars.

(sports) A racing car, such as those sanctioned by NASCAR and ARCA, nominally or notionally based on one of the regular production models available for purchase by the public.


lob

en-verb

lob (third-person singular simple present lobs, present participle lobbing, simple past and past participle lobbed)

lobs (present singular third-person)
lobbing (participle present)
lobbed (participle past)
lobbed (past)

First attested late 16th c. in the sense "allow or cause to dangle, hang," from sense 2.

Wigan took the lead when Hugo Rodallega lobbed David Stockdale from close range having earlier headed against the post.

2011 January 15, Nabil Hassan, “Wigan 1 - 1 Fulham”, in BBC:

(transitive, sports) To hit, kick, or throw a ball over another player in a game.


lob

The guard launched a desperate lob over the outstretched arms of the defender.

Peter Lovenkrands went close for the Magpies, hitting the bar with a fine lob after he had been played in by the excellent Jose Enrique on the left.

2011 February 12, Nabil Hassan, “Blackburn 0 - 0 Newcastle”, in BBC:

(ball games) A pass or stroke which arches high into the air.


sombrero

Borrowed from Spanish sombrero (“hat”), from sombra (“shadow, shade”) + -ero, literally, "shade-maker". The drink was named after the hat.

(bowling) A series of four consecutive strikes.


turtle

Modification of Middle English tortou, tortu, from Old French tortüe (under the influence of Middle English turtel, turtur (“turtledove”), see Etymology 2 below), from Medieval Latin tortuca (compare Spanish tortuga), the same source of tortoise (see there for more). Displaced native Old English byrdling.

(dance) A breakdancing move consisting of a float during which the dancer's weight shifts from one hand to the other, producing rotation or a circular "walk".


hut

A short, sharp sound of command. Compare hey, hup, etc.

(American football) Called by the quarterback to prepare the team for a play.


uppish

en-adj

uppish (comparative more uppish, superlative most uppish)

more uppish (comparative)
most uppish (superlative)

Six runs were still required, and an uppish stroke by the new arrival secured two of them.

1898 July, Philip C. W. Trevor, “A Second Innings: A Story of a ’Varsity Match”, in The Badminton Magazine, published 1989, page 13:

All the coaching he had received had been aimed at keeping the ball down. An ‘uppish’ stroke was to be deplored. But everything had to be uppish on this pitch.

1974, James Herriot, chapter 24, in Vet in Harness, London: Pan Books, published 2006, page 174:

(cricket, of a shot) In which the ball is hit into the air, with the chance of being caught.


hobby

→ Catalan: hobby

→ Danish: hobby

→ Dutch: hobby

→ French: hobby

→ Galician: hobby

→ German: Hobby

→ Italian: hobby

→ Norwegian Bokmål: hobby

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: hobby

→ Polish: hobby

→ Portuguese: hobby

→ Romanian: hobby

→ Russian: хобби (xobbi)

→ Spanish: hobby

→ Swedish: hobby

Shortened from hobby-horse, from Middle English hoby, hobyn, hobin (“small horse, pony”), from Old French hobi, *haubi, haubby, hobin ("a nag, hobby"; > Modern French aubin, Italian ubino), of Germanic origin: from Old French hober, ober (“to stir, move”), from Old Dutch hobben (“to toss, move up and down”); or from North Germanic origin related to Danish hoppe (“a mare”), Old Swedish hoppa (“a young mare”), North Frisian hoppe (“horse”); both ultimately from Proto-Germanic *huppōną (“to hop”), from Proto-Indo-European *kewb- (“to bend; a bend, joint”). More at hop, hobble.
The meaning of hobby-horse shifted from "small horse, pony" to "child's toy riding horse" to "favorite pastime or avocation" with the connecting notion being "activity that doesn't go anywhere". Possibly originally from a proper name for a horse, a diminutive of Robert or Robin (compare dobbin).

der

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-hobby.wav

(equestrianism) An extinct breed of horse native to the British Isles, also known as the Irish Hobby


travel

en-verb

travel (third-person singular simple present travels, present participle travelling or (US) traveling, simple past and past participle travelled or (US) traveled)

travels (present singular third-person)
travelling (participle present)
traveling (US participle present)
travelled (participle past)
travelled (past)
traveled (US participle past)
traveled (US past)
travel (infinitive)
travail (alternative)
travell (alternative)

PIE word
 *tréyes
From Middle English travelen (“to make a laborious journey, travel”) from Middle Scots travailen (“to toil, work, travel”), alteration of Middle English travaillen (“to toil, work”), from Old French travailler (“to trouble, suffer, be worn out”). See the doublet travail.
Largely displaced fare, from Old English faran (“to go [a long distance], to travel”). More at fare.

cog

(intransitive, basketball) To move illegally by walking or running without dribbling the ball.


pen

From Middle English pen, penne (“enclosure for animals”), from Old English penn (“enclosure, fold, pen”), from Proto-Germanic *pennō, *pannijō (“pin, bolt, nail, tack”), from Proto-Indo-European *bend- (“pointed peg, nail, edge”). Related to pin.
Sense “prison” originally figurative extension to “enclosure for persons” (1845), later influenced by penitentiary (“prison”), being analyzed as an abbreviation (1884).

der

Two righties are up in the pen.


tin

en-noun

tin (countable and uncountable, plural tins)

From Middle English tin, from Old English tin, from Proto-West Germanic *tin, from Proto-Germanic *tiną.

(countable, squash) The bottom part of the front wall, which is "out" if a player strikes it with the ball.


silly

en-adj

silly (comparative sillier, superlative silliest)

sillier (comparative)
silliest (superlative)
sely (alternative)
seely (alternative)

From Middle English seely, sēlī, from Old English sǣliġ, ġesǣliġ (“lucky, fortunate”), from Proto-West Germanic *sālīg, from *sāli; equivalent to seel (“happiness, bliss”) + -y. Doublet of Seelie.
The semantic evolution is “lucky” to “innocent” to “naive” to “foolish”. Compare the similar evolution of daft (originally meaning “accommodating”), and almost the reverse with nice (originally meaning “ignorant”).

onnosel

foolish, showing a lack of good sense and wisdom

sølle

pejorative: simple, not intelligent, unrefined

Carpenter now placed himself at silly-point for Grundy, who was playing very forward.

(cricket, of a fielding position) Very close to the batsman, facing the bowler; closer than short.


helicopter

→ Amharic: ሄሊኮፕተር (helikoptär)

→ Cebuano: helikopter

→ Malay: helikopter

→ Tagalog: helikopter

/ˈhɛlɪˌkɑptɜɹ/

Borrowed from French hélicoptère, from Ancient Greek ἕλιξ (hélix, “spiral”) + πτερόν (pterón, “wing”). Doublet of helicopteron. By surface analysis, helico- + -pter. The dragonfly sense is from a dragonfly's ability to hover and fly in any direction, like the flying machine.

af

(dance) A breakdance move in which the dancer spins on the floor while extending the legs to resemble the blades of a helicopter.


gun

Sranan Tongo: gon

From Middle English gunne, gonne, possibly from Gunnhild, a female given name formerly used as a nickname for engines of war. The name is composed of the Norse elements gunnr and hildr, both meaning "battle".

is that a gun in your pocket or are you just pleased to see me

you get more with a kind word and a gun than you do with a kind word alone

2000, Drew Kampion, surfline.com
by the winter of 1962, the Brewer Surfboards Hawaii gun was the most in-demand big-wave equipment on the North Shore.

(surfing) A long surfboard designed for surfing big waves (not the same as a longboard, a gun has a pointed nose and is generally a little narrower).


sidewinder

From side + winder (“one who winds or wends, traveller”), from the sideways, looping manner in which they move.

compound

(baseball, colloquial) A pitcher who throws sidearm.


boss

From Middle English bos, bose, boce, from Old French boce (“lump, bulge, protuberance, knot”), from Frankish *bottja, from Proto-Germanic *bautaną (“to hit, strike, beat”). Doublet of beat; see there for more.

der

(archery) A target block, made of foam but historically made of hay bales, to which a target face is attached.


mustard

en-noun

mustard (usually uncountable, plural mustards)

From Middle English mustard, from Old French moustarde (French moutarde), from moust (“must”), from Latin mustum. Compare Saterland Frisian Muster (“mustard”), Dutch mosterd (“mustard”), German Low German Musterd (“mustard”), Icelandic mustarður (“mustard”). Displaced Middle English senep, from Old English senep, from Latin sināpi (“mustard”). Doublet of mostarda.

He's left-handed and in his adulthood didn't have a baseball glove to call his own. He borrowed one of mine and just out of the car, still wearing his lab coat having worked an overnight shift, he taught himself to throw right-handed and put plenty of mustard on it.

2022 October 20, Scott Russell, “Sport was the great connection for Scott Russell and his father”, in CBC News, archived from the original on 2022-10-22:

(baseball, colloquial) Energy, power (when throwing a baseball).


diesel

diesel (countable and uncountable, plural diesels)

From German Diesel, named after inventor Rudolf Diesel, who developed a heavy-duty engine in Germany (1892–1897) and perfected it throughout his life.

(cycling, slang) A rider who has an even energy output, without bursts of speed.


salsa

salsa (countable and uncountable, plural salsas)

→ Mongolian: салса (salsa)

PIE word
 *séh₂ls
Borrowed from Spanish salsa (“sauce”), from Latin salsus (“salted”), whence also the doublet sauce (via Old French).

(countable, dance) Any of several dances performed to salsa music.


egg

egg (countable and uncountable, plural eggs)

→⇒ German: not the yellow from the egg

Jamaican Creole: eg

Sranan Tongo: eksi

The noun is derived from Middle English eg, egg, egge (“egg of a domestic or wild fowl; egg of a snake”) [and other forms] (originally Northern England and Northeast Midlands), from Old Norse egg (“egg”), from Proto-Germanic *ajją (“egg”) (by Holtzmann’s law), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ōwyóm (“egg”), probably from *h₂éwis (“bird”), from *h₂ew- (“to clothe oneself, dress; to be dressed”) (in the sense of an animal clothed in feathers). Doublet of huevo, oeuf, and ovum.
The native English ey [and other forms] (plural eyren) (obsolete), from Old English ǣġ, is also derived from Proto-Germanic *ajją. It survived into at least c. 16th century before being fully displaced by egg.
The verb is derived from the noun.

wôwan

approximately spherical or ellipsoidal body produced by birds, insects, reptiles, and other animals, housing the embryo within a membrane or shell during its development

egg

person regarded as having not yet realized they are transgender, or who has not yet come out as transgender or is in the early stages of transitioning; one’s lack of awareness that one is transgender

kill the goose that lays the golden eggs

there's more than one way to cook an egg

there's more than one way to crack an egg

(countable) A thing which looks like or is shaped like an egg (sense 1.1).

(chiefly sports) A score of zero; specifically (cricket), a batter's failure to score; a duck egg or duck's egg.

love

billiards, racquet sports (especially tennis)


whitewash

en-noun

whitewash (countable and uncountable, plural whitewashes)

Received Pronunciation, wine–whine merger

General American, wine–whine merger, Canadian raising

For the first time in a long time, Australia are being threatened with the prospect of a 5-0 whitewash

(sports) A complete victory or series of victories without suffering any losses; a clean sweep.


whitewash

en-verb

whitewash (third-person singular simple present whitewashes, present participle whitewashing, simple past and past participle whitewashed)

whitewashes (present singular third-person)
whitewashing (participle present)
whitewashed (participle past)
whitewashed (past)

(baseball, slang, dated, late, 19th century, archaic) To prevent a team from scoring any runs.


snowplow

snowplows (plural)
snow plow (alternative)
snowplough (alternative)
snow plough (alternative)

(skiing, skating) A maneuver in which the tips of the skis or skates point inwards and the back ends point outwards.


bucket

→ Farefare: bɔgtɛ

→ Japanese: バケツ (baketsu)

→ Maori: pākete

From Middle English buket, boket, partly from Old English bucc ("bucket, pitcher"; mod. dialectal buck), equivalent to bouk + -et; and partly from Anglo-Norman buket, buquet (“tub; pail”) (compare Norman boutchet, Norman bouquet), diminutive of Old French buc (“abdomen; object with a cavity”), from Vulgar Latin *būcus (compare Occitan and Catalan buc, Italian buco, buca (“hole, gap”)), from Frankish *būk (“belly, stomach”). Both the Old English and Frankish terms derive from Proto-Germanic *būkaz (“belly, stomach”). More at bouk.

gloss

"bucket, pitcher"; mod. dialectal <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">buck</i>

der

The forward drove to the bucket.

We can't keep giving up easy buckets.

[Markieff] Morris isn’t quite the post-up threat that [Enes] Kanter is, and he can play both the 4 spot and 5 spot instead of just center, like Kanter. He is capable of playing a similar way, backing defenders down in the post. He prefers getting his buckets there with a bevy of fade-aways and jumpers. He’s a heat checker. And he can get hot on the block.

2019 February 25, Brett Dawson, Fred Katz, “How power forward Markieff Morris might fit in with the Thunder”, in The Athletic:


bucket

en-verb

bucket (third-person singular simple present buckets, present participle bucketing, simple past and past participle bucketed)

buckets (present singular third-person)
bucketing (participle present)
bucketed (participle past)
bucketed (past)

(transitive, UK, US, rowing) To make, or cause to make (the recovery), with a certain hurried or unskillful forward swing of the body.


dub

dub (third-person singular simple present dubs, present participle dubbing, simple past and past participle dubbed)

dubs (present singular third-person)
dubbing (participle present)
dubbed (participle past)
dubbed (past)


DC

(dance) Initialism of diagonally to the center.


friend

stranger

antonym(s) of “person with whom you are acquainted”

enemy

antonym(s) of “person who provides assistance”

Jamaican Creole: fren

Krio: frɛn

→ Cantonese: friend (fen¹)

→ Finnish: frendi

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Latin script: frȅnd

Cyrillic script: фре̏нд

→ Spanish: friend

From Middle English frend, freend, from Old English frēond (“friend”, literally “loving[-one], lover”), from Proto-West Germanic *friund, from Proto-Germanic *frijōndz (“lover, friend”), from Proto-Indo-European *preyH- (“to like, love”), equivalent to free + -nd.
Cognate with Saterland Frisian Fjund, Früünd (“friend”), West Frisian freon, froen, freondinne (“friend”), Dutch vriend (“friend”), Low German Frund, Fründ (“friend, relative”), Luxembourgish Frënd (“friend”), German Freund (“friend”), Danish frænde (“kinsman”), Swedish frände (“kinsman, relative”), Icelandic frændi (“kinsman”), Welsh ffrind (“friend”), Gothic 𐍆𐍂𐌹𐌾𐍉𐌽𐌳𐍃 (frijōnds, “friend”). More at free.
Other cognates include Russian прия́тель (prijátelʹ, “friend”) and Sanskrit प्रिय (priyá-, “beloved”).

kámo

(sarcastic) form of address used to warn someone

with friends like these who needs enemies

Since they were introduced in the 1970s, friends have revolutionized climbing, making protection possible in previously impossible places […]

spring-loaded camming device
spring-loaded camming device

(climbing) A spring-loaded camming device.


PA

en-noun

PA (countable and uncountable, plural PAs)

Coordinate term: PF

The Giants and Commanders have the same record after 13 games each. However, Washington has control of third place in the NFC East due to a better PF/PA record in comparison to the Giants.

2022 December 14, “NFL Playoff picture Week 15: Are the New York Giants still in contention for the postseason?”, in Sportskeeda, archived from the original on 2022-12-17:

(American football, fantasy football) Initialism of points against.


PB

PB (countable and uncountable, plural PBs)

(sports, speedrunning) Initialism of personal best.


PR

PR (countable and uncountable, plural PRs)

(tennis) Initialism of protected ranking.

(sports) Initialism of Paralympic record.


RR

RR (countable and uncountable, plural RRs)


SC

SC (countable and uncountable, plural SCs)

(motor racing) Initialism of safety car.


SP

SP (countable and uncountable, plural SPs)

SPs (plural)
S.P. (alternative)
S. P. (alternative)

He was an atheist, a rationalist, a medical student of no great distinction, an SP punter, a singer of bawdy songs, an acknowledged expert in matters erotic.

1985, Peter Carey, Illywhacker, Faber and Faber, published 2003, page 157:

It was the last time, too, when […] the races dominated the radio on Saturday afternoons and everyone had the number of an SP bookie.

1998, David Malouf, A First Place, Vintage, published 2015, page 196:


beat

→ Pennsylvania German: biede

From Middle English beten, from Old English bēatan (“to beat, pound, strike, lash, dash, thrust, hurt, injure”), from Proto-West Germanic *bautan, from Proto-Germanic *bautaną (“to push, strike”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewd- (“to hit, strike”).
Compare Old Irish fo·botha (“he threatened”), Latin confutō (“I strike down”), fūstis (“stick, club”), Albanian bahe (“sling”), Lithuanian baudžiù, Old Armenian բութ (butʻ)).

der

march to the beat of a different drummer

(fencing) A smart tap on the adversary's blade.


BS

en-noun

BS (countable and uncountable, plural BSs)

BSs (plural)
B.S. (alternative)
B. S. (alternative)


CI

CI (countable and uncountable, plural CIs)

corner infielder
corner infielder#English

(baseball) Initialism of corner infielder.


CL

CL (countable and uncountable, plural CLs)


CS

(baseball) Initialism of caught stealing. (especially as a statistic)


GR

(automotive, marketing, motor racing) Initialism of Gazoo Racing.: A performance brand, automotive label, and, racing division, of Toyota.


GR

GR (countable and uncountable, plural GRs)


GT

(motor racing) Initialism of grand tourer.


NL

(US, Canada, baseball) Initialism of National League.


SI

SI (countable and uncountable, plural SIs)

surface interval
surface interval#English

(underwater diving) Initialism of surface interval.


TB

(sports) Initialism of Tampa Bay (a city in Florida).


TB

TB (countable and uncountable, plural TBs)


bite

bite (countable and uncountable, plural bites)

Sranan Tongo: beti

From Middle English biten, from Old English bītan (“bite”), from Proto-West Germanic *bītan, from Proto-Germanic *bītaną (“bite”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyd- (“split”).
Cognates include Saterland Frisian biete (“bite”), West Frisian bite (“bite”), Dutch bijten (“bite”), German Low German bieten (“bite”), German beißen, beissen (“bite”), Danish bide (“bite”), Swedish bita (“bite”), Norwegian Bokmål bite (“bite”), Norwegian Nynorsk bita (“bite”), Icelandic bíta (“bite”), Gothic 𐌱𐌴𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 (beitan, “bite”), Latin findō (“split”), Ancient Greek φείδομαι (pheídomai), Sanskrit भिद् (bhid, “break”).

(cricket) The turn that a spin bowler imparts to a pitch.


AR

AR (countable and uncountable, plural ARs)

(countable, sports, US) Initialism of American record, national record for the United States.

(sports, countable) Initialism of area record, best achievement among those by persons from a given continent.


CA

Cricket Australia
w:en:Cricket Australia

(sports, cricket) Abbreviation of Cricket Australia, the governing body of cricket in Australia.


GA

GA (countable and uncountable, plural GAs)


MI

MI (countable and uncountable, plural MIs)

middle infielder
middle infielder#English

(baseball) Initialism of middle infielder.


NH

en-verb

NH (third-person singular simple present NHs, present participle NHing, simple past and past participle NHed)

NHs (present singular third-person)
NHing (participle present)
NHed (participle past)
NHed (past)


NM

NM (third-person singular simple present NMs, present participle NMing, simple past and past participle NMed)

NMs (present singular third-person)
NMing (participle present)
NMed (participle past)
NMed (past)


OR

en-noun

OR (countable and uncountable, plural ORs)

(sports, countable) Initialism of Olympic Record.


UT

(fantasy sports) Abbreviation of utility player.


safe

en-adj

safe (comparative safer or more safe, superlative safest or most safe)

safer (comparative)
more safe (comparative)
safest (superlative)
most safe (superlative)

→ Japanese: セーフ

From Middle English sauf, safe, saf, saaf, from Old French sauf, saulf, salf (“safe”), from Latin salvus (“whole, safe”), from Proto-Italic *salwos, from Proto-Indo-European *solh₂- (“whole, every”).
Displaced native Old English sicor (secure, sure).

der

The pitcher attempted to pick off the runner at first, but he was safe.

(baseball) When a batter successfully reaches first base, or when a baserunner successfully advances to the next base or returns to the base he last occupied; not out.

(snooker, of an object ball) In a location that renders it difficult to pot.


save

en-verb

save (third-person singular simple present saves, present participle saving, simple past and past participle saved)

saves (present singular third-person)
saving (participle present)
saved (participle past)
saved (past)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *sl̥h₂-wós
Proto-Italic *salawos
Latin salvus
Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂
Proto-Indo-European *-yéti
Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti
Proto-Italic *-āō
Latin -ō
Latin salvō
Latin salvāre
Old French sauverbor.
Middle English saven
English save
From Middle English saven, sauven, a borrowing from Old French sauver, from Late Latin salvāre (“to save”).

etymon

save one's breath to cool one's porridge

Chelsea's youngsters, who looked lively throughout, then combined for the second goal in the seventh minute. Romeu's shot was saved by Wolves goalkeeper Dorus De Vries but Piazon kept the ball alive and turned it back for an unmarked Bertrand to blast home.

(transitive) To prevent harm or difficulty.

(sports) To catch or deflect (a shot at goal).

To prevent harm or difficulty.
To catch or deflect (a shot at goal).

спасявам

to sports: to catch or deflect a shot at goal

(baseball) To preserve, as a relief pitcher, (a win of another pitcher's on one's team) by defending the lead held when the other pitcher left the game.


save

Jones retired seven to earn the save.

An instance of preventing (further) harm or difficulty.

(baseball) A successful attempt by a relief pitcher to preserve the win of another pitcher on one's team.

The giant wrestler continued to beat down his smaller opponent, until several wrestlers ran in for the save.

(professional wrestling, slang) A point in a professional wrestling match when one or more wrestlers run to the ring to aid a fellow wrestler who is being beaten.


piece

Belizean Creole: pees

Sranan Tongo: pisi

→ Finnish: biisi

→ Irish: píosa

→ Japanese: ピース (pīsu)

→ Scottish Gaelic: pìos

From Middle English pece, peece, peice, from Old French piece, from Late Latin petia, pettia, possibly from Gaulish *pettyā, from Proto-Celtic *kʷezdis (“piece, portion, quota”); doublet of English fit, fytte, fytt (“musical piece, chapter”), Icelandic fit (“web”), German Fitze (“skein”), from Old High German *fitjâ. Compare Welsh peth, Breton pez (“thing”), Irish cuid. Compare French pièce, Portuguese peça, Spanish pieza, Italian pezza, Italian pezzo.

der

he got a piece of that one; she got a piece of the ball[…]and it's going foul.

(baseball, uncountable) Used to describe a pitch that has been hit but not well, usually either being caught by the opposing team or going foul. Usually used in the past tense with get.

At practice we rowed four 5,000 meter pieces.

That last piece was torture.

(rowing) A structured practice row, often used for performance evaluation.


oral

en-noun

oral (countable and uncountable, plural orals)

Early 17th century borrowing from Late Latin ōrālis, from ōs (“the mouth”) + -ālis (“-al”, adjectival suffix).

af

(bodybuilding, countable) Ellipsis of oral steroid..


draw

en-verb

draw (third-person singular simple present draws, present participle drawing, simple past drew, past participle drawn or (colloquial and nonstandard) drew)

draws (present singular third-person)
drawing (participle present)
drew (past)
drawn (participle past)
drew (colloquial nonstandard participle past)
draw (infinitive)

From Middle English drawen, draȝen, dragen (“to drag, pull, push, draw (out), go to, make, add, etc.”), from Old English dragan, from Proto-West Germanic *dragan, from Proto-Germanic *draganą, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰregʰ- (“to draw, pull”). Doublet of drag and draught.
Cognates
* Albanian dredh (“to turn, spin”)
* Danish drage
* Dutch dragen
* German tragen (“to carry”)
* Old Armenian դառնամ (daṙnam, “to turn”)
* Sanskrit ध्रजस् (dhrájas, “gliding course or motion”)
* West Frisian drage

snímat

cardgames: to take the top card of a deck into hand

every miller draws water to his own mill

one hair of a woman can draw more than a hundred pair of oxen

(archery) To pull back (the string of a bow) in preparation for shooting.

(curling) To make a shot that lands gently in the house (the circular target) without knocking out other stones.

(cricket) To play (a short-length ball directed at the leg stump) with an inclined bat so as to deflect the ball between the legs and the wicket.

[…] the golfer thinks, “Ah! To draw the ball, I must be like the old pros and incorporate hand action through impact, twisting the clubhead to the left.” All you have to do to apply the spin needed to draw the ball left is to create a very small conflict between the clubface aim and the path the clubhead is traveling.

(golf) To hit (the ball) with the toe of the club so that it is deflected toward the left.

(billiards) To strike (the cue ball) below the center so as to give it a backward rotation which causes it to take a backward direction on striking another ball.


draw

(archery) Pull back your bowstring in preparation to shoot.


draw

en-noun

draw (countable and uncountable, plural draws)

This configuration offered the capacity for an exceptionally long draw – Manchu archers drew all the way back to the point of the right shoulder[…]

2016 August 25, Mike Loades, The Composite Bow, Bloomsbury Publishing, →ISBN, page 21:

(archery) The act of pulling back the strings in preparation of firing; the distance the strings are pulled back.

(cricket) The result of a two-innings match in which at least one side did not complete all their innings before time ran out (as distinguished from a tie).

(sports) The spin or twist imparted to a ball etc. by a drawing stroke.

(golf) A golf shot that (for the right-handed player) curves intentionally to the left. See hook, slice, fade.

(curling) A shot that is intended to land gently in the house (the circular target) without knocking out other stones; cf. takeout.

(horse racing) The stall from which a horse begins the race.


look

en-verb

look (third-person singular simple present looks, present participle looking, simple past and past participle looked)

looks (present singular third-person)
looking (participle present)
looked (participle past)
looked (past)
look (infinitive)

some Northern Enɡlish dialects, esp. Bolton, Geordie

From Middle English loken, lokien, from Old English lōcian, from Proto-West Germanic *lōkōn. Further origin unknown, no certain cognates outside Germanic. Cognate with Scots luke, luik, leuk (“to look, see”), West Frisian lôkje, loaitsje (“to look”), Dutch loeken (“to look”), German Low German löken. Likely also related to German lugen (“to peek”), Alemannic German luege (“to look”), Yiddish לוגן (lugn). Possibly related to Sanskrit लोक् (lok, “to see, behold”) (from Proto-Indo-European *lewk- (“light”) in the sense of "illuminating" (cf. related word रुच् (ruc) "to shine, illuminate")).

unk

unknown

look as if one had lost a shilling and found sixpence

look as if one has been dragged through a hedge backwards

look as if one has lost a shilling and found sixpence

look like something the cat's dragged in

you don't look at the mantelpiece when you poke the fire

you don't look at the mantelpiece when you're poking the fire

The fastball caught him looking.

Clem Labine struck Mays out looking at his last at bat.

It's unusual for Mays to strike out looking. He usually takes a cut at it.

(baseball) To look at a pitch as a batter without swinging at it.


Canadian

From Canada (noun) + -ian (suffix forming adjectives and nouns).

suffix

“If you look back 20 years ago, we were all playing in the Canadians and high-level cashspiels,” Shantz, 51, said Friday.

2012 March 16, Monte Stewart, “Shantz takes on foes from yesteryear in quest for elusive national crown”, in Global News:

"When we were playing in the Canadians (championships) other teams would come around to watch us do our warm-ups," son Jayme Hall said.

2015 December 19, Mary Caton, “A legend on LaSalle diamonds for decades”, in The Windsor Star:

“With it being Canadians, I’m just, a little bit, not as good as the top girls are,” she said, despite playing in the Canadians in Belleville in 2013.

2017 September 21, Bill Doucet, “A scent of success for Hespeler horseshoe pitcher”, in The Cambridge Times:

(sports, informal) Canadian national championship.

(sports) canoe (short for Canadian canoe, as opposed to kayak)


talent

From Middle English talent, from Old English talente, borrowed from the plural of Latin talentum (“a Grecian weight; a talent of money”), from Ancient Greek τάλαντον (tálanton, “balance, a particular weight, especially of gold, sum of money, a talent”). Compare Old High German talenta (“talent”). Later figurative senses are from Old French talent (“talent, will, inclination, desire”), derived from the biblical Parable of the Talents.

der

The director searched their talent pool to fill the new opening.

(business, media, sports) People of talent, viewed collectively; a talented person.


handicap

en-noun

handicap (countable and uncountable, plural handicaps)

From hand-in-cap, in reference to holding the game stakes in a cap.

The older boy won, even though his opponent had been granted a handicap of five meters.

A handicap in chess often involves removal of the queen's rook.

Eventually the elephant and camel were depatched by themselves with two laps start of the bicyclist and horse, the motor car being scratch. It was a sensational race owing to the conduct of the field, but on the handicap the elephant won, bicycle second, motor car third.

1901, “Gleanings”, in The Agricultural Journal and Mining Record, volume 4, number 1, page 31:

(sports) An allowance of a certain amount of time or distance in starting, granted in a race (or other contest of skill) to the competitor possessing disadvantages; or an additional weight or other hindrance imposed upon the one possessing advantages, in order to equalize, as much as possible, the chances of success.

ава́нс

in a competition, allowance granted or hindrance imposed


nose

Sranan Tongo: noso

Aukan: nosu

Saramaccan: núsu

Audio (London, UK)

Audio (UK)

From Middle English nose, from Old English nosu, from Proto-West Germanic *nosu, variant of *nasō, old dual from Proto-Indo-European *néh₂s- ~ *nh₂es- (“nose, nostril”).
See also Saterland Frisian Noose, West Frisian noas, Dutch neus, Swedish nos, Norwegian nos (“snout”), German Low German Nees, Nes, Näs, German Nase, Swedish näsa, Norwegian nese, Danish næse (“nose”); also Latin nāris (“nostril”), nāsus (“nose”), Lithuanian nósis, Russian нос (nos), Sanskrit नासा (nā́sā, “nostrils”).

Red Rum only won by a nose.

(horse racing) The length of a horse’s nose, used to indicate the distance between horses at the finish of a race, or any very close race.

馬鼻 /马鼻 (maa⁵ bei⁶, literally “horse's nose”)


elbow

From Middle English elbowe, from Old English elboga, elnboga (“elbow”), from Proto-Germanic *alinabugô (“elbow”), equivalent to ell + bow. Cognate with Scots elbuck (“elbow”), Saterland Frisian Älbooge (“elbow”), Dutch elleboog (“elbow”), Low German Ellebage (“elbow”), German Ellbogen, Ellenbogen (“elbow”), Danish albue (“elbow”), Icelandic olbogi, olnbogi (“elbow”).

know the difference between one's ass and one's elbow

(basketball) Part of a basketball court located at the intersection of the free-throw line and the free-throw lane.


leg

→ Finnish: legi

→ Hungarian: leg

From Middle English leg, legge, from Old Norse leggr (“leg, calf, bone of the arm or leg, hollow tube, stalk”), from Proto-Germanic *lagjaz, *lagwijaz (“leg, thigh”) (see it for more).
Cognate with Scots leg (“leg”), Icelandic leggur (“leg, limb”), Norwegian Bokmål legg (“leg”), Norwegian Nynorsk legg (“leg”), Swedish lägg (“leg, shank, shaft”), Danish læg (“leg”), Lombardic lagi (“thigh, shank, leg”), Latin lacertus (“limb, arm”), Persian لنگ (leng). Upon borrowing, mostly displaced the native Old English term sċanca (Modern English shank).

der

piss on someone's leg and tell them it's raining

A stunning performance from the Republic of Ireland all but sealed progress to Euro 2012 as they crushed nine-man Estonia 4-0 in the first leg of the qualifying play-off tie in A Le Coq Arena in Tallinn.

2011 November 11, Rory Houston, “Estonia 0-4 Republic of Ireland”, in RTE Sport:

(sports) A single game or match played in a tournament or other sporting contest.

Ponsonby-Smythe hit a thumping drive through the leg fielders.

(cricket, attributive) Denotes the half of the field on the same side as the batsman's legs; the left side for a right-handed batsman.


foot

en-noun

foot (plural feet or (UK colloquial, unit of measure) foot)

feet (plural)
foot (plural)
foote (alternative)
feets (alternative)
foots (alternative)

→ Assamese: ফুট (phut)

q

from <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">feet</i>

→ Japanese: フット (futto), フート (fūto); フィート (fīto) (from feet)

→ Russian: фут (fut)

Sranan Tongo: futu

Aukan: futu

Saramaccan: fútu

→ Swahili: futi

→ Thai: ฟุต (fút)

Tok Pisin: fut, put

→ Urdu: فٹ (fuṭ)

→ Phalura: fuṭ

From Middle English fot, fote, foot, from Old English fōt, from Proto-West Germanic *fōt, from Proto-Germanic *fōts, from Proto-Indo-European *pṓds. Doublet of pes, pie (“Spanish unit of length”), and pous.

doublet

not touch something with a ten-foot pole

you cannot put the same shoe on every foot

(billiards) The end of a billiard or pool table behind the foot point where the balls are racked.


phrase

From Late Latin phrasis (“diction”), from Ancient Greek φράσις (phrásis, “manner of expression”), from φράζω (phrázō, “I tell, express”).

der

(dance) A short individual motion forming part of a choreographed dance.


face

→ Danish: fjæs

→ Norwegian:

Norwegian Bokmål: fjes

Norwegian Nynorsk: fjes

→ Swedish: fejs, fjäs

→ Wu: 番斯 (¹fe-sy)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-?
Latin faciēs
Late Latin facia
Old French facebor.
Middle English face
English face
From Middle English face, from Old French face, from Late Latin facia, from Latin faciēs (“form, appearance”). Doublet of facies. Displaced native onlete (“face, countenance, appearance”), anleth (“face”), from Old English anwlite, andwlita, compare German Antlitz; Old English ansīen (“face”), Middle English neb (“face, nose”) (from Old English nebb), Middle English ler, leor, leer (“face, cheek, countenance”) (from Old English hlēor), and non-native Middle English vis (“face, appearance, look”) (from Old French vis) and Middle English chere (“face”) from Old French chere.
In the sense of face as in reputation, influenced by Chinese 面子 (miànzi) or 臉／脸 (liǎn), both of which mean literally the front of the head and metaphorically one's public image. See lose face.

noncog

talk to the hand 'cause the face ain't listening

The fans cheered on the face as he made his comeback.

(professional wrestling, slang) A headlining wrestler with a persona embodying heroic or virtuous traits and who is regarded as a "good guy", especially one who is handsome and well-conditioned; a baby face.

técnico

professional wrestling: headlining wrestler

(golf) The part of a golf club that hits the ball.

lyöntipinta

golf: part of a golf club that hits the ball


face

en-verb

face (third-person singular simple present faces, present participle facing, simple past and past participle faced)

faces (present singular third-person)
facing (participle present)
faced (participle past)
faced (past)

Willoughby comes in to bowl, and it's Hobson facing.

(intransitive, cricket) To be the batsman on strike.


heel

From Middle English hele, from Old English hēla, from Proto-West Germanic *hą̄hilō, from Proto-Germanic *hanhilaz, diminutive of Proto-Germanic *hanhaz (“heel, hock”), equivalent to hock + -le. More at hock.
Compare North Frisian haiel, West Frisian hyl, Dutch hiel, German Low German Hiel, Danish and Norwegian hæl, Swedish häl.

couldn't pour water out of a boot with the instructions on the heel

Freedman began his analysis by noting two important facts about professional wrestling: First, that heels triumph considerably more often than do babyfaces[…]

1992, Bruce Lincoln, Discourse and the Construction of Society, page 158:

(by extension, slang, professional wrestling) A headlining wrestler regarded as a "bad guy," whose ring persona embodies villainous or reprehensible traits and demonstrates characteristics of a braggart and a bully.

(golf) The part of a club head's face nearest the shaft.

kanta

golf: part of the face of the club head nearest the shaft


heel

heel (third-person singular simple present heels, present participle heeling, simple past and past participle heeled)

heels (present singular third-person)
heeling (participle present)
heeled (participle past)
heeled (past)

(golf, transitive) To hit (the ball) with the heel of the club.

(American football, transitive) To make (a fair catch) standing with one foot forward, the heel on the ground and the toe up.


loose

loose (third-person singular simple present looses, present participle loosing, simple past and past participle loosed)

looses (present singular third-person)
loosing (participle present)
loosed (participle past)
loosed (past)

From Middle English loos, los, lous, from Old Norse lauss, from Proto-Germanic *lausaz, whence also -less, leasing; from Proto-Indo-European *lewh₁- (“to untie, set free, separate”), whence also lyo-, -lysis, via Ancient Greek.


loose

en-adj

loose (comparative looser, superlative loosest)

looser (comparative)
loosest (superlative)

packaged

antonym(s) of “not held or packaged together”

bound

antonym(s) of “not bound or tethered or leashed”

He caught an elbow going after a loose ball.

The puck was momentarily loose right in front of the net.

Tomas Rosicky released the left-back with a fine pass but his low cross was cut out by Ivan Marcano. However the Brazilian was able to collect the loose ball, cut inside and roll a right-footed effort past Franco Costanzo at his near post.

2011 September 28, Tom Rostance, “Arsenal 2 - 1 Olympiakos”, in BBC Sport:

(not comparable, sports) Not being in the possession of any competing team during a game.

(US, slang, motor racing, of a stock car) Having oversteer.


loose

In throwing a Dart, or Iavelin, wee force back our armes, to make our loose the stronger.

1641, Ben Jonson, Discoveries Made upon Men and Matter:

The defeat will leave manager Martin Johnson under pressure after his gamble of pairing Jonny Wilkinson and Toby Flood at 10 and 12 failed to ignite the England back line, while his forwards were repeatedly second best at the set-piece and in the loose.

2011, Tom Fordyce, Rugby World Cup 2011: England 12-19 France:

(rugby) All play other than set pieces (scrums and line-outs).


loose

(archery) begin shooting; release your arrows


chamois

en-noun

chamois (countable and uncountable, plural chamoises or chamois)

chamoises (plural)
chamois (plural)
chamoix (alternative)
shamois (alternative)
shamoy (alternative)

Borrowed from Middle French chamois, from Late Latin camox, from Gaulish camox (5th c. AD, Polemius Silvius), probably from an extinct Alpine language (Raetic, Ancient Ligurian), possibly Proto-Indo-European *kem- (“without horns”). Compare also Old High German gamiza (“chamois”) (whence modern German Gämse).

der

(cycling) A padded insert which protects the groin from the bicycle saddle.


street

streets (plural)
streete (alternative)
streat (alternative)
streate (alternative)

Belizean Creole: schreet

From Middle English strete, from Anglian Old English strēt (“street”) (cognate West Saxon form strǣt) from Proto-West Germanic *strātu (“street”), an early borrowing from Late Latin (via) strāta (“paved (road)”), from Latin strātus, past participle of sternō (“stretch out, spread, bestrew with, cover, pave”), from Proto-Indo-European *sterh₃- (“to stretch out, extend, spread”).
Cognate with Scots stret, strete, streit (“street”), Saterland Frisian Sträite (“street”), West Frisian strjitte (“street”), Dutch straat (“street”) (see doublet straat), German Low German Straat (“street”), German Straße (“street”), Swedish stråt (“way, path”), Icelandic stræti (“street”) (Scandinavian forms are borrowed from Old English), Portuguese estrada (“road, way, drive”), Italian strada (“road, street”). Related to Old English strēowian, strewian (“to strew, scatter”), Latin sternō, Ancient Greek στορνύναι (stornýnai). More at strew.
The /aː/ vowel of the Latin form shifted by Anglo-Frisian brightening to /æː/ in West Saxon and /eː/ in Anglian Old English; these developed respectively to /ɛː/ and /eː/ in Middle English, /ɛː/ and /iː/ in Early Modern English, and finally /iː/ in Modern English by the Great Vowel Shift. The modern spelling reflects the Anglian form, as in sleep, greedy, sheep.

(uncountable, sports) A style of skateboarding featuring typically urban obstacles.


street

en-verb

street (third-person singular simple present streets, present participle streeting, simple past and past participle streeted)

streets (present singular third-person)
streeting (participle present)
streeted (participle past)
streeted (past)
streete (alternative)
streat (alternative)
streate (alternative)

Wearing his custom-made silks, McCarthy duly rode the horse a treat as they streeted the opposition and helped connections clean up the bookies.

2002, John Maynard, Aborigines and the ‘Sport of Kings’: Aboriginal Jockeys in Australian Racing History, Aboriginal Studies Press, published 2013, →ISBN, part II, 96:

But when I came back in Round 14, the team had lost only two of those previous 13 games, we were sitting with Melbourne at the top of the premiership table and the two clubs had virtually streeted the rest of the competition.

2008, Steve Menzies, Norman Tasker, chapter 1, in Beaver: The Steve Menzies Story, Allen & Unwin, →ISBN, page 5:

Pennant winners Kansas City and nearest rivals St. Paul had streeted the Western League in 1901, but were brought back to the field in 1902 by a powerful Omaha outfit who just missed out on the pennant, their .600 win-loss percentage just outdone by Kansas City's .603.

2014, Rochelle Llewelyn Nicholls, Joe Quinn Among the Rowdies: The Life of Baseball's Honest Australian, McFarland & Company, Inc., →ISBN, part VI, chapter 14, 205:

(sports, by extension) To heavily defeat.


road

From Middle English rode, rade (“ride, journey”), from Old English rād (“riding, hostile incursion”), from Proto-West Germanic *raidu, from Proto-Germanic *raidō (“a ride”), from Proto-Indo-European *reydʰ- (“to ride”). Doublet of raid, acquired from Scots. Cognates include West Frisian reed (paved trail/road, driveway).
The current primary meaning of "street, way for traveling" originated relatively late—Shakespeare seemed to expect his audiences to find it unfamiliar—and probably arose through reinterpretation of roadway "a way for riding on" as saying "way" twice, in other words as a tautological compound.

inh

his driveway doesn't go all the way to the road

the grass is always greener on the other side of the road

the road to hell is paved with good intentions

what happens on the road stays on the road

(cricket) A hard, flat pitch, typically favourable for batters.


road

(US, Canada, sports, chiefly attributive) At the venue of the opposing team or competitor; on the road.

away

at the venue of the opposing team or competitor

road tires

road groupset

(cycling) Of or pertaining to a road bike.


lane

From Middle English lane, lone, from Old English lanu (“a lane, alley, avenue”), from Proto-West Germanic *lanu, from Proto-Germanic *lanō (“lane, passageway”).
Cognate with Scots lone (“cattle-track, by-road”), West Frisian leane, loane (“a walkway, avenue”), Dutch laan (“alley, avenue”), German Low German Lane, Laan (“lane”), Swedish lån (“covered walkway encircling a house”), Icelandic lön (“a row of houses”).

cog

There are eight lanes on an Olympic running track.

(athletics) A similar division of a racetrack to keep runners apart.

a swimming lane

(swimming) A similar division of a swimming pool using lines of coloured floats to keep swimmers apart.

We booked a couple of lanes at the bowling alley.

(bowling) An elongated wooden strip of floor along which a bowling ball is rolled.

And it's Uncle Mo in front by two as they come to the top of the lane.


alley

From Middle English aley, from Old French alee, feminine of alé, past participle of aler (“to go”) (French aller). Doublet of allée.

He hit one deep into the alley.

(baseball) The area between the outfielders.

(bowling) An establishment where bowling is played.

(tennis) The extra area between the sidelines or tramlines on a tennis court that is used for doubles matches.


Romanian

en-noun

Romanian (countable and uncountable, plural Romanians)

Romanians (plural)
Rumanian (alternative)
Roumanian (alternative)

I think there was this one Black guy in there who was practically crying.
I swear I could hear Sir Mixalot in my head whenever I did Romanians.

2010 March 24, Built, “With the big boyz...”, in IronMag Forums:

I did Romanians for a year and worked up to 250 for sets of 5. I couldn't take the DOMS anymore and dropped them.

2015 April 15, OZ-USF-UFGator, “diract Back work: Are Deadlifts and chin ups enough”, in Starting Strength Forum:

Romanian deadlift
Romanian deadlift#English

(countable, weightlifting, slang) Ellipsis of Romanian deadlift.


Bulgarian

Bulgarian (countable and uncountable, plural Bulgarians)

Yes, Bulgarians attack glutes (and this one does too!) but all the pauses and pulses in this series will also exhaust your quads.

2020 October 27, Ebenezer Samuel, “These 10 Moves Will Build Monster Quads”, in Men's Health:

Bulgarian split squat
Bulgarian split squat#English

(countable, exercise) Ellipsis of Bulgarian split squat.


hard

en-adj

hard (comparative harder or more hard, superlative hardest or most hard)

harder (comparative)
more hard (comparative)
hardest (superlative)
most hard (superlative)

→ Finnish: haarti

→ Spanish: hard

From Middle English hard, from Old English heard, from Proto-West Germanic *hard(ī), from Proto-Germanic *harduz, from Proto-Indo-European *kort-ús, from *kret- (“strong, powerful”). Cognate with German hart, Swedish hård, Ancient Greek κρατύς (kratús), Sanskrit क्रतु (krátu), Avestan 𐬑𐬭𐬀𐬙𐬎 (xratu).

صَعْب

requiring a lot of effort to do or understand

(bodybuilding) Having muscles that are tightened as a result of intense, regular exercise.


hard

en-noun

hard (countable and uncountable, plural hards)

(countable, motor racing) A tyre whose compound is softer than superhards, and harder than mediums.


force

en-verb

force (third-person singular simple present forces, present participle forcing, simple past and past participle forced)

forces (present singular third-person)
forcing (participle present)
forced (participle past)
forced (past)
force (infinitive)

From Middle English forcen, from Old French forcier, from Late Latin *fortiāre, from Latin fortia.

non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger

Jones forced the runner at second by stepping on the bag.

(transitive, baseball) To create an out by touching a base in advance of a runner who has no base to return to while in possession of a ball which has already touched the ground.

branden

baseball: to create an out by touching a base


mass

en-noun

mass (countable and uncountable, plural masses)

In late Middle English (circa 1400) as masse in the sense of "lump, quantity of matter", from Anglo-Norman masse, in Old French attested from the 11th century, via late Latin massa (“lump, dough”), from Ancient Greek μᾶζα (mâza, “barley-cake, lump (of dough)”). The Greek noun may be derived from the verb μάσσω (mássō, “to knead”), ultimately from a Proto-Indo-European *maǵ- (“to oil, knead”), although this is uncertain. Doublet of masa.
The sense of "a large number or quantity" arises circa 1580. The scientific sense is from 1687 (as Latin massa) in the works of Isaac Newton, with the first English use (as mass) occurring in 1704.

der

After all, muscle maniacs go "ga ga" over mass no matter how it's presented.

1988, Steve Holman, “Christian Conquers Columbus”, in Ironman, volume 47, number 6, pages 28–34:

(bodybuilding) Excess body mass, especially in the form of muscle hypertrophy.


law

en-noun

law (countable and uncountable, plural laws)

From Middle English lawe, laȝe, from Old English lagu (“law”), borrowed from Old Norse lǫg (“law”, literally “things laid down or firmly established”), originally the plural of lag (“layer, stratum, a laying in order, measure, stroke”), from Proto-Germanic *lagą (“that which is laid down”), from Proto-Indo-European *legʰ- (“to lie”). Cognate with Scots law (“law”), Icelandic lög (“things laid down, law”), Faroese lóg (“law”), Norwegian lov (“law”), Swedish lag (“law”), Danish lov (“law”), Finnish laki (“law”). Replaced Old English ǣ and ġesetnes. More at lay.
Not related to legal, nor to French loi, Spanish ley, all of which ultimately derive from Latin lēx, from Proto-Indo-European *leǵ- (“to gather”).

азакуан

body of rules established in a community by its authorities

(cricket) One of the official rules of cricket as codified by the its (former) governing body, the MCC.


distance

en-noun

distance (countable and uncountable, plural distances)

distances (plural)
distaunce (alternative)

From Middle English distance, distaunce, destance (“disagreement, dispute; discrimination; armed conflict; hostility; trouble; space between two points; time interval”), from Anglo-Norman distance, distaunce, destance, Middle French distance, and Old French destance, destaunce, distaunce (“debate; difference, distinction; discord, quarrel; dispute; space between two points; time interval”) (modern French distance), and directly from their etymon Latin distantia (“difference, diversity; distance, remoteness; space between two points”) (whence also Late Latin distantia (“disagreement; discrepancy; gap, opening; time interval”)), from distāns (“being distant; standing apart”) + -ia (suffix forming feminine abstract nouns). Distāns is the present active participle of distō (“to be distant; to stand apart; to differ”), from dis- (prefix meaning ‘apart, asunder; in two’) + stō (“to stand”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand (up)”)).
The verb is derived from the noun.
Cognates
* Middle Dutch distancie, distantie (modern Dutch distantie); Dutch afstand (“distance”, literally “off-stand, off-stance”)
* German Distanz; German Abstand
* Italian distanza
* Portuguese distância
* Spanish distancia

afstand

(countable, uncountable) amount of space between points

An amount of space between points (often geographical points), usually (but not necessarily) measured along a straight line.

(horse racing) Chiefly in by a distance: a space of more than 30 lengths (about 80 yards or 7.3 metres) between two racehorses finishing a race, used to describe the margin of victory; also (archaic), any space of 240 yards (about 219.5 metres) on a racecourse.

pitkä ero

space of more than 30 lengths between two racehorses finishing a race; any space of 240 yards on a racecourse

The amount of space between points (often geographical points), usually (but not necessarily) measured along a straight line.

The maximum amount of space between a boxer and their opponent within which the boxer can punch effectively.

etäisyys

(boxing) maximum amount of space between a boxer and their opponent within which the boxer can punch effectively

Often in go the distance, last the distance, or stay the distance: the scheduled duration of a bout.

[William] Page. I haue heard the French-man hath good skill in his Rapier. / [Robert] Shal[low]. Tut ſir: I could haue told you more: In theſe times you ſtand on diſtance: your Paſſes, Stoccado's, and I knovv not vvhat: […]

c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merry Wiues of Windsor”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i], page 45, column 1:

(fencing) The amount of space between a fencer and their opponent, which the fencer tries to control in order to gain an advantage over the opponent.

etäisyys

THere vvere a Great many Brave, Sightly Horſes vvith Rich Trappings that vvere brought out One day to the Courſe, and Only One Plain Nag in the Company that made ſport for All the reſt. But vvhen they came at laſt to the Tryal, This vvas the Horſe that ran the VVhole Field out of Diſtance, and VVon the Race. / The MORAL. Our Senſes are No Competent Judges of the Excellencies of the Mind.

1692, Roger L’Estrange, “[The Fables of Abstemius, &c.] Fab[le] CCCXXXIX. A Plain Horse Wins the Prize.”, in Fables, of Æsop and Other Eminent Mythologists: […], London: […] R[ichard] Sare, […], →OCLC, page 296:

(horse racing) Originally, the space measured back from the winning post which a racehorse running in a heat must reach when the winner has covered the whole course, in order to run in a subsequent heat; also, the point on the racecourse that space away from the winning post; now, the point on a racecourse 240 yards from the winning post.

väli

space measured back from the winning post which a racehorse running in a heat must reach when the winner has covered the whole course, in order to run in a subsequent heat; point on the racecourse that space away from the winning post; point on racecourse 240 yards from the winning post

(sports) The complete length of a course over which a race is run.


distance

en-verb

distance (third-person singular simple present distances, present participle distancing, simple past and past participle distanced)

distances (present singular third-person)
distancing (participle present)
distanced (participle past)
distanced (past)
distance (infinitive)

sijoittaa erilleen

to set (someone or something) at a distance from someone or something else

[H]e is of Opinion it is inhuman, that Animals ſhould be put upon their utmoſt Strength and Metal for our Diverſion only. Hovvever, not to be particular, he puts in for the Queen's Plate every Year, vvith Orders to his Rider never to vvin or be diſtanced; […]

1713 March 29 (Gregorian calendar), [Richard Steele], “Wednesday, March 18. 1713.”, in The Guardian, number 6, London: […] J[acob] Tonson […]; and sold by A. Baldwin […], →OCLC, page [2], column 1:

(chiefly US, horse racing, archaic) Of a racehorse: to beat (another horse) by a certain distance; also (passive voice), to cause (a horse) to be disqualified by beating it by a certain distance.

of a racehorse: to beat (another horse) by a certain distance; to cause (a horse) to be disqualified by beating it by a certain distance


dodo

Uncertain. Perhaps from obsolete Portuguese doudo (“fool, simpleton, silly, stupid”) or Dutch dodaars. First attested in the 17th century.

bor

"Most of the aces weren't on holes I would have liked to have made them on," confessed Colk, who dropped his fifth dodo of 1935 on December 29, which was believed at the time to be a record for most aces in a year.

2012, Arv Olson, Backspin: 120 Years of Golf in British Columbia, page 253: