sacramental

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From Old French sacramental, from Ecclesiastical Latin sacrāmentālis.

But under the twofold pressure of solafideism’s rejection of "good works" for the sake of merit and sola scriptura’s denial of anything not explicitly mentioned in the Bible, sacramentals such as images, relics, blessings, and pilgrimages became the objects of the dissenters' most bitter condemnation and scorn.

1997, James Monti, The king's good servant but God's first:

The activities in this strategy immerse the young people in the many sacramentals that are part of the daily, weekly, and seasonal Catholic individual and communal religious expressions.

2000, Michael Theisen, Exploring Catholicism, page 17:

(Christianity, chiefly Roman Catholicism) An object (such as holy water or a crucifix) or an action (such as making the sign of the cross) which is regarded as encouraging devotion and thus spiritually aiding the person who uses it.

sakramentalo

an object or action which spiritually aids its faithful users


salvific

en-adj

salvific (comparative more salvific, superlative most salvific)

more salvific (comparative)
most salvific (superlative)

From Late Latin salvificus, from Latin salvus (“saved, safe”) + facio (“make”).

Less well recognized, however, is the central role played in much of early medieval Pure Land Buddhism by deathbed practices and accompanying beliefs about the radical salvific power of one's last nenbutsu, whether understood as the contemplation of the Buddha Amitābha (or Amitāyus, Jpn. Amida) or the invocation of his name.

2004, Jacqueline I. Stone, “By the Power of One's Last Nenbutsu: Deathbed Practices in Early Medieval Japan”, in Richard K[arl] Payne, Kenneth K[en'ichi] Tanaka, editors, Approaching the Land of Bliss: Religious Praxis in the Cult of Amitābha (Kuroda Institute Studies in East Asian Buddhism; 17), Honolulu, Hi.: University of Hawai‛i Press, →ISBN, page 77:

2012, Magdalen Ross (translator), Athanasius Schneider, 7: Adoration and the Sacred Liturgy, Alcuin Reid (editor), From Eucharistic Adoration to Evangelization, Continuum Books (Burns & Oates), page 84,
The fragrance [of this sacrifice] is the most pleasing perfume, the most holy, the most salvific and the most beautiful; […] .

2017, Boris Jakim (translator), Pavel Florensky, Early Religious Writings, 1903-1909, William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, page 149,
[…] participation in the liturgy is more salvific than the reading of the Bible; the performance of cult is more important than charitable giving.

2019, Ernest L. Gibson, Salvific Manhood, University of Nebraska Press, page 93,
Nevertheless, as this love truly begins to show itself, as the men became more salvific for each other, David pulls back.

(chiefly Catholicism) Able or intending to provide salvation or redemption.


beatify

en-verb

beatify (third-person singular simple present beatifies, present participle beatifying, simple past and past participle beatified)

beatifies (present singular third-person)
beatifying (participle present)
beatified (participle past)
beatified (past)

From French béatifier, from Medieval Latin beātifico (“I bless”).

(transitive, Roman Catholicism) To carry out the third of four steps in canonization, making someone a blessed.

beatificar

to take step in declaring a person a saint


consociation

en-noun

consociation (countable and uncountable, plural consociations)

PIE word
 *ḱóm
Borrowed from Latin cōnsociātiōnem, the accusative singular of cōnsociātiō (“alliance; association, union”), from cōnsociō (“to make common; to associate; to connect, join (in), unite; to agree with; to share”) + -tiō (suffix forming nouns relating to actions or the results of actions). Cōnsociō is derived from con- (prefix indicating a being or bringing together of several things) + sociō (“to ally, associate; to join, unite; to share in”) (from socius (“associated; joining in, sharing, partaking; akin, kindred, related; allied, confederate, leagued, united”, adjective), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- (“to follow”)).

der

(countable, Christianity) A confederation of Christian churches or organizations.

In Connecticut some of the Congregational churches are associated in consociations and the others in associations.

The Consociation was another meeting of the clergy, but embracing also with each minister a lay delegate, and thus uniting, not only the ministry, but the laymen of the county, in a general fraternal religious conference.

1869, Harriet Beecher Stowe, “One Minister in Cloudland”, in Oldtown Folks, Boston, Mass.: Fields, Osgood, & Co., […], →OCLC, page 451:

Congregational church
Congregational church

(US, Congregationalism, specifically) A voluntary, permanent council made up of representatives of neighbouring Congregational churches for mutual advice and co-operation in ecclesiastical matters; also, a meeting of pastors and delegates from churches thus united.


Benedictus

From Ecclesiastical Latin benedictus (“blessed, praised”), from benedīcō (“I speak well (of)”).

bor

(Western Christianity) The Gospel canticle of Zechariah (Luke 1:68–79), with the incipit Benedictus Dominus Deus Israel (“Blessed be the Lord God of Israel”).

(Western Christianity) The second part of the Sanctus, beginning, Benedictus qui venit in nomine domini (“Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord”), and historically often sung as a separate piece of music.


custos

(Roman Catholicism) A monastic superior, who, under the general of his order, has the direction of all the religious houses of the same fraternity in a given district, called a custody of the order.


carene

From Medieval Latin carēna (“40-day fast; remission of such a fast”), from Late Latin quadragēna (“40-day period, Lent”) or quarantena (“40-day period”), from Latin quadrāgēnus (“40 each”), from quadrāgintā (“four tens, forty”). Doublet of quadragene and quarantine.

der

(Catholicism, historical, rare) A 40-day fast or period of similar abstinence.

You have with much labour, and some charge, purchased to your self so many Quadragenes or Lents of pardon; that is, you have bought off the penances of so many times forty dayes. It is well; but were you well advised, it may be your Quadragenes are not Carenes; that is, are not a quitting the severest penances of fasting so long in bread and water; for there is great difference in the manner of keeping a penitential Lent, and it may be you have purchased but some lighter thing; and then if your demerit arise to so many Carenes, and you purchased but mere Quadragenes, without a minute and table of particulars, you may stay longer in Purgatory than you expected... And they that read... will soon perceive that all this is but a handful of smoke, when you hold it, you hold it not.

1664, Jeremy Taylor, A Disswasive from Popery to the People of Ireland, page 93:

Careen (and its Latin source, quadragene) no longer made sense in the fifteenth century because priests no longer distributed punishments in forty-day parcels, the duration of Lent... the culture had shifted from brief punishments on earth to long punishments in the afterlife, in Purgatory. But the term was still in circulation, and people sought to make sense of it by inventing new definitions for it.

2016, Kathryn M. Rudy, Rubrics, Images, & Indulgences in Late Medieval Netherlandish Manuscripts, pages 47–8:

(Catholicism, historical, rare) An indulgence from 40 days of fasting or similar abstinence, especially during Lent; (later) various equivalent indulgences against punishment in Purgatory.


calamus

en-noun

calamus (usually uncountable, plural calamuses or calami)

Learned borrowing from Latin calamus (“reed, cane”), from Ancient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos). Doublet of culm, haulm, helm (Etymology 4), qalam, and shawm.

dbt

(Christianity, historical) Synonym of fistula (“tube for sucking Eucharist wine”).


devo

The 246 daily devos help you dive deep for treasure to keep. Every devo starts with a fun saying that will help you learn and remember the meaning of one small slice of the Bible.

2007, Emmett Cooper, The One Year Make It Stick Devotions, Carol Stream, IL: Tyndale House Publishers, page 13:

I used to hate doing devos, but now I just have to do devos. When I don't, it just feels like something's wrong.

2016, Mick Schultz, Ministry Training Academies: Equipping Kids for Ministry, Bloomington, IN: WestBow Press, →ISBN:

Consider this: If a friend asked you to do a devo with them for a month, how would you feel? […] Call your devo-partner (or better yet, take a WEEKEND WALK together) and spend some time reflecting on the past week.

2022, Drew Hill, Alongside Jesus: Devotions for Teenagers, Greensboro, NC: New Growth Press, →ISBN:

(Christianity, informal) A devotion; a devotional; a piece of religious text used for devotion, or the time spent on reading and reflecting on such text.


cessationism

(Christianity) The belief or teaching that the visible miraculous works of the Holy Spirit (such as speaking in tongues, prophecy, and divine healing) have ceased.


divine right

the divine right (canonical)
divine right of kings (alternative)

(Christianity, political science, philosophy) The Christian doctrine that monarchs have a God-given right to rule, that they are answerable only to God, and that rebellion is sinful.


missal

From Old French messel (“book of the Mass”).

(religion) A prayer book; a church service (book).

(Catholicism) A book containing the prayers and responses needed when celebrating the Roman Catholic Mass throughout the year.


binitarianism

(chiefly Christianity) The belief, particularly among some Christian churches (also called cults, denominations, or sects) that God is two personae (persons), two individuals, or two aspects in one Godhead (or God), these being God the Father and God the Son (Jesus Christ).


temporale

Borrowed from Ecclesiastical Latin temporāle, substantivisation of temporālis (“of or pertaining to time”).

bor+

The third and final volume of the temporale employs a different stave height and was clearly written later.

2003, Pia Palladino, Treasures of a Lost Art: Italian Manuscript Painting of the Middle Ages and Renaissance, →ISBN, page 53:

In the Roman rite, this period of the year is known as ‘ordinary time’ and, like the Old Hispanic rite, mostly uses quotidian materials for the temporale.

2022, Emma Hornby, Raquel Rojo Carrillo, “The Liturgical Year in the Old Hispanic Rite”, in Emma Hornby et al., editors, Understanding the Old Hispanic Office: Texts, Melodies, and Devotion in Early Medieval Iberia, →ISBN, page 37:

(Roman Catholicism) A cycle of texts to be read or chanted at liturgical services on particular weeks and movable feasts throughout the year; a book that contains this cycle.


subdeacon

Originated 1275–1325 from Middle English subdecon and -dekene, from Late Latin subdiāconus. Equivalent to sub- + deacon.

(Catholicism, chiefly historical) A Catholic clerical rank in the major orders below that of a deacon.

(Catholicism, chiefly historical) A Catholic cleric who assists the deacon at High Mass and normally reads the Epistle at the Eucharist.


St. Stephen's Day

en-proper noun

St. Stephen's Day (countable and uncountable, plural St. Stephen's Days)

St. Stephen's Days (plural)
Saint Stephen's Day (alternative)
St Stephen's Day (alternative)

And the Commonalty having renewed their Petition on the Friday following, being Chriſtmas Day: And the King's Will being known, and his Warrant obtained, the ſaid Charter, which confirmed the Perambulation, was ſealed on Saturday, being St. Stephen’s Day, in a little Houſe near the Severn, belonging to the Prior of Worceſter, […]

1717, William Nelson, “Purlieu”, in Manwood’s Treatise of the Forest Laws: Shewing Not Only the Laws Now in Force, but the Original of Forests, What They are, and How They Differ from Chases, Parks, and Warrens; with All Such Things as are Incident to Either; …, 4th corrected and enlarged edition, in the Savoy [i.e., London]: Printed by E[lizabeth] Nutt (executrix of J[ohn] Nutt, assignee of Edward Sayer, Esq;) for B. Lintott at the Cross-Keys, R. Gosling at the Mitre and Crown, J. Pemberton at the Buck and Sun, all in Fleet-street; and L. Ward in Inner-Temple-Lane, →OCLC, paragraph 83, pages 283–284:

[…] Dugdale, in his Origines Judiciales, gives a long and particular account of the revelry at the Temple, on each of the twelve days of Christmas, in the year 1562. It appears from this document, that the hospitable rites of St. Stephen's Day, St. John's Day, and Twelfth Day, were ordered to be exactly alike; and as many of them are in their nature perfectly rural, there is every reason to suppose they were observed, to a certain extent, in the halls of the country gentry, and substantial yeomanry.

1821, Sholto Percy [pseudonym; Joseph Clinton Robertson], Reuben Percy [pseudonym; Thomas Byerley], The Percy Anecdotes. Original and Select, London: Printed for T. Boys, Ludgate Hill, →OCLC, page 163:

That order of the Church is the proper one, which disposes men to earnest meditation, which causes men to feel the weight of truth and be humbled under it; and that order is an unworthy one, which occupies the popular mind with deaneries and bishoprics, Michaelmases and Epiphanies, St. John's days and St. Stephen's days. If a preacher wish to present the doctrine of divine sovereignty to his hearers, he must let it pervade all the exercises of the Sabbath, […]

1844 May 28, Edwards A[masa] Park, A Discourse Delivered in Boston before the Pastoral Association of Congregational Ministers in Massachusetts, May 28, 1844, 2nd edition, Andover, Mass.: Allen, Morrill & Wardwell, →OCLC, page 25:

"Feeding the Wren" is a custom based on the legend of Saint Stephen, who was hiding in a bush and betrayed to his enemies by a wren. On Saint Stephen's Day, December 26, the young children gather together, obtain a wren, and place it in a cage on top of a bush while they go from door-to-door collecting money which will be used for charity.

1991, Stephen M. Crotts, Saint Nicholas Speaks, Lima, Oh.: C.S.S. Publishing Company, →ISBN, page 17:

Late in the morning of St. Stephen's Day, Marc mounted his horse, ready to leave Windsor, Cecily, and all of Angleterre.

2015, Blythe Gifford, chapter 13, in Whispers at Court, Don Mills, Ont.: Harlequin Historical, →ISBN, page 170:

Eastern Orthodox Church
Eastern Orthodox Church

(Christianity) A Christian holiday commemorating Saint Stephen the protomartyr (first Christian martyr; died 34 C.E.), falling immediately after Christmas Day (on December 26 in the Western Church and on December 27 in the Eastern Orthodox Church).


baptism of fire

en-noun

baptism of fire (plural baptisms of fire)

baptisms of fire (plural)
baptism by fire (alternative)

Derived from English translations of the New Testament, namely the Gospels of Matthew (3:11) and of Luke (3:16); from Ancient Greek through Latin; presumably from Aramaic.

(Christianity) The gift of the Holy Spirit.

And the Father's counselor suggested that he invite you along to help: sort of a re–baptism of fire, so to speak.

2013, “Mammy?”, in Mrs. Brown's Boys, season 3, episode 5, spoken by Father Damien (Conor Moloney):

(Christianity) Tribulation endured as spiritual discipline.


Judeo-Christian

After a German term coined by Ferdinand Christian Baur in an 1831 issue of the Tübinger Zeitschrift für Theologie. Also Judeo- + Christian.

Judæo-Christian (alternative obsolete)
Judaeo-Christian (alternative)

From all I can see there is but one way to bring about the object of the Society, that is by erecting a Judæo Christian community, a city of refuge, where all who wish to be baptized could be supplied with the means of earning their bread.

1821 October 17, Alexander M'Caul, “Extract of a Letter From Mr. M'Caul”, in The Jewish Expositor, and Friend of Israel, volume V, page 478:

He said, that in converting the Jews one should not compel them to change their ancient customs, as circumcision, and keeping the seventh day, for the Abysinians circumcise, and keep the seventh day ; in short, one ought to establish a Judeo-christian church.

1829, Joseph Wolff, Missionary Journal of the Rev. Joseph Wolff, Missionary to the Jews, volume III, London: James Duncan, page 314:

She and Fabrice and even Mosca are incapable of acting meanly, a thing that carries no weight in the Judaeo-Christian scheme of morals.

1939 July 27 [2017 February 4], George Orwell, George Orwell: An age like this, 1920-1940, David R. Godine Publisher, →ISBN, page 401:

And of course, the Baha'i Faith claims to be the fulfillment of the Judeo-Christian tradition.

1992, Thomas Tai-Seale, Thy Kingdom Come: A Biblical Introduction to the Bahá'í Faith, page 235:

While masturbation was never favored in Judeo-Christian tradition, Victorian morality, along with the Great Awakening and other religious revivals in America, created a perfect storm for people to really get obsessed with it.

2023 January 18, Matt Soniak, “When Corn Flakes Were Part of an Anti-Masturbation Crusade”, in Mental Floss:

(Judaism, Christianity) Of or pertaining to Judaism and Christianity.


Judeo-Christian

Judeo-Christians (plural)
Judæo-Christian (alternative obsolete)
Judaeo-Christian (alternative)

Even the great devotion of the Judeo-Christians to Jesus did not separate them from Judaism.

2012, Bernard Beck, chapter 1, in True Jew: Challenging the Stereotype, illustrated edition, New York: Algora Publishing, →ISBN, page 25:

(Judaism, Christianity) Somebody who follows both Judaism and Christianity.

giudeocristiano

I myself have found what is variously called Neo-Paganism, Wicca, the Old Religion, etc. a source of joy, strength, and purpose. My life is not perfect, but it is far better than being hung up on sin, guilt, and other such bullshit, and going through bizarre intellectual gymnastics trying to reconcile being gay with being a Judeo-Christian.

1980 December 13, Patrick Alther, “Gay, Pagan And Proud”, in Gay Community News, volume 8, number 21, page 4:

No matter what religion people belong to, if they do not accept any formal religion, or even if they are Agnostics, Atheists, or Anti-theists, most Americans and Europeans use the word “God” with the Judeo-Christian definition. This does not mean that everyone who uses this word believes in that particular God or that there is any God. This volume discusses God in terms used by Judeo-Christians, as understood by them.

2006, Edward Nagell, Destiny, volume 2, 1094 New DeHaven Street, Suite 100, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2713: Infinity Publishing, →ISBN, page 1:

(Judaism, Christianity) Somebody who is either Judaist or Christian.


sectary

Either from the French sectaire or directly from its etymon, the Medieval Latin sectārius, from secta (“sect”). Cognates include the Italian settario and the Portuguese and Spanish sectario.

(Christianity) A Protestant dissenter or nonconformist.


seven virtues

(Catholicism) The seven heavenly virtues: the three theological and four cardinal virtues.

Meronyms: chastity, temperance, generosity, diligence, patience, kindness, modesty

(Catholicism) The seven capital virtues; the virtues that are opposed to, or are remedies of, the seven deadly sins.


Ark of the Covenant

¶ Then Solomon assembled the Elders of Israel, and all the heads of the Tribes, the chiefe of the fathers of the children of Israel vnto Ierusalem, to bring vp the Arke of the Couenant of the Lord, out of the citie of Dauid, which is Zion.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 2 Chronicles 5:2:

Indiana Jones: The city of Tannis is one of the possible resting places of the lost Ark.
Eaton: The lost Ark?
Jones: Yeah, the Ark of the Covenant, the chest the Hebrews used to carry around the Ten Commandments in.
Musgrave: What do you mean the Ten Commandments? You mean the Ten Commandments?
Jones: Yes, the actual Ten Commandments, the original stone tablets that Moses brought down out of Mount Horeb and smashed if you believe in that sort of thing.

1981, 19:23 from the start, in Raiders of the Lost Ark (Action-adventure), →ISBN, →OCLC:

The story was true: In the waning days of the Ottoman Empire, a British expedition set out for Jerusalem to find the ark of the covenant, only to fail, spectacularly, in 1911, in an eruption of political turmoil and religious animosity.[…]
The expedition may have had an impact on British foreign policy in the region, Andrew said when we talked, and it helped spawn the world’s ongoing fascination with the ark of the covenant (and Indiana Jones).

2021 October 31, Olivia Parker, “What Happens When Everyone Is Writing the Same Book You Are?”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2021-11-01, Essay:

(Judaism, Christianity, Islam) The sacred container, a gold-plated wooden chest, of the two tablets of law (the Ten Commandments) given to Moses by the Hebrew God.

𐕜𐔰𐕗𐔰𐕎𐔲𐔼 𐔳𐔰𐔲𐕒𐕡𐕘𐕒𐔺

the sacred container, a gold-plated wooden chest


millenarian

en-adj

millenarian (comparative more millenarian, superlative most millenarian)

more millenarian (comparative)
most millenarian (superlative)

/mɪlɪˈnɛːɹɪən/

Franciscans coming from Iberia were particularly prone to the millenarian enthusiasm which gripped southern Europe around 1500, and which the Franciscan Order had so long fostered. They believed that they were living in the End Times […]

2009, Diarmaid MacCulloch, A History of Christianity, Penguin, published 2010, page 699:

Mirandola cultivated a Dominican friar, Savonarola, whose millenarian visions had provoked revolution: in the wake of France's invasion, he had inspired a popular uprising in Florence, its ruling Medici family replaced by a people's republic.

2011, Thomas Penn, Winter King, Penguin, published 2012, page 108:

(Christianity) Pertaining to the belief in an impending period of one thousand years of peace and righteousness associated with the Second Coming of Christ and his reign on earth.

milenial

pertaining to the belief in an impending period of one thousand years of peace and righteousness associated with the Second Coming of Christ and his reign on earth


balteus

Borrowed from Latin balteus (“belt, girdle”).

bor+

(Roman Catholicism) The subcinctorium, a papal garment.


co-create with God

en-verb

co-create with God (third-person singular simple present co-creates with God, present participle co-creating with God, simple past and past participle co-created with God)

co-creates with God (present singular third-person)
co-creating with God (participle present)
co-created with God (participle past)
co-created with God (past)

(Christianity) To work to create things or bring about circumstances, with the attitude that one is doing God's work.


Christianese

Anthony answered, 'Talking Christianese is being the Church. Don't you think Church matters?' Fred said, 'Not when you define the Church as a group having Christian experiences. You need someone to tell you what Christianity is before you can define a group's experiences as Christian.'

2003, Helen K[atharine] Bond, Seth D[aniel] Kunin, Francesca Aran Murphy, editors, Religious Studies and Theology: An Introduction, New York, N.Y.: New York University Press, →ISBN, page 500:

I often ran them off with my self-righteous attitude or scared them away with Christianese language […]

2007, Dan C. Gilliam, “Friendship: A Superhero Faith”, in God Touches: Finding Faith in the Cracks and Spaces of Life, Cincinnati, Oh.: Standard Publishing, →ISBN, page 180:

Reasons for departure were simply expressed in "Christianese": "The Lord is leading us to fellowship elsewhere," "The Spirit is moving us on," and so on.

2007, Mike Minter, A Western Jesus: The Wayward Americanization of Christ and the Church, Nashville, Tenn.: B&H Publishing Group, →ISBN, page 8:

(Christianity, informal, slang) The terms, catchphrases and theological jargon used by some Christians, commonly from Christian theology and influenced by popular translations of the Bible.


Hail Mary

en-noun

Hail Mary (plural Hail Marys or Hail Maries)

Hail Marys (plural)
Hail Maries (plural)

From Middle English Heil Marie. The extended figurative sense alludes to the notion of saying a prayer that the action will succeed.

“What did the priest, and all of you, keep on saying when we first went in?” / “Our Fathers, Hail Maries, and Glorias; couldn’t you hear?” asked Emily, laughing. / “No, I should think not, you rattled on so fast- What are Hail Maries and Glorias?” / “The Gloria you know well enough, my dear, because you say it in your church at the end of every psalm,” replied Miss Horton; “the Hail Mary is a prayer to our Blessed Lady,” and she repeated it.

1872, F. A., chapter V, in Marion Howard; or Trials and Triumphs, Philadelphia: Peter F. Cunningham, […], page 100:

And if I say ten Hail Marys / Leave a light on in Heaven for me

1987, Gary Clark, “Mary's Prayer”, performed by Danny Wilson:

(Christianity) A prayer, of established or conventional wording, calling for the intercession of the Virgin Mary.


name it, claim it

(Christianity) A catch phrase of the Christian Word of Faith movement, a statement of faith and affirmation.


kingdom come

kingdom come (countable and uncountable, plural kingdoms come or kingdom comes)

kingdoms come (plural)
kingdom comes (plural)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-kingdom come.wav

From the phrase “Thy kingdom come” from the Lord’s Prayer which is recorded in Matthew 6:9–13 and Luke 11:2–4 in the Bible: see, for example, Matthew 6:10 in the King James Version (spelling modernized): “Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done, in earth, as it is in heaven.” By these sentences, Jesus seeks the establishment of the rule of God the Father over the Earth in the future.

оня свят

place that one will go to after one's death — see also afterlife

"And where are all these brothers and sisters?" demanded the stranger. / "Dead! dead as herrings—gone to kingdom come a precious long time ago.["]

1843, Alfred Crowquill [pseudonym; Alfred Henry Forrester], “The ‘Plummy’”, in Bentley’s Miscellany, volume XIII, London: Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC, part I, page 624:

(uncountable, colloquial) The place that one will go to after one's death; the afterlife.

(Christianity, specifically) Heaven or paradise.

(uncountable, Christianity) The rule of God over the world in the future; especially, according to those believing in millenarianism, during a period of peace beginning with the second coming of Jesus Christ and lasting a millennium.


Holy Thursday

From Middle English Holy Thursday, holy Thurysday, hooly þursday, haly þorsday, Hallʒhe Þurrsdaʒʒ, equivalent to holy + Thursday.

(Christianity) Maundy Thursday, the Thursday before Easter


numerary

From Latin numerarius, from numerus (“number”). Doublet of numéraire.

Like numeraries, assistant numeraries are celibates who live in Opus Dei centres.

2024 March 16, Antonia Cundy, “The Opus Dei diaries”, in FT Weekend, page 17:

(Roman Catholicism) A celibate lay member of Opus Dei, a Roman Catholic religious institution.


communicant

1706 August 30, Francis Atterbury, a sermon preached at the funeral of Mr. Bennett
a never-failing monthly communicant

Meanwhile, the lass grew up in the nurture and admonition of the Lord. I have heard Dr. Chrystal say that he never had a communicant more full of the things of the Spirit.

1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide:

The folded hands and submissive posture of the orderly line of communicants.

1986 December 14, Don Hill, “For Gay and Lesbian Catholics, Perseverance Means Carving Their Own Niche”, in Gay Community News, volume 14, number 22, page 8:

(Christianity) A person who receives (or is allowed to receive) the elements (i.e., bread and wine) of the sacrament of Holy Communion. (Compare also these terms: communion, Communion, Lord's Supper, Mass, Eucharist, Divine Liturgy.)


directorium

From Latin dīrēctōrium (literally “guide”). Doublet of directory.

(Christianity, historical) In the later Middle Ages, a Catholic liturgical guide for praying the Divine Office and Holy Mass.


tricenary

From Medieval Latin trīcēnārium, from Latin trīcēnārius + -ium.

(Christianity) Synonym of trental, a set of 30 requiem masses.


divine polity

divine polity (usually uncountable, plural divine polities)

But it cannot be expected that the Clergy […] should upon this Revolution by contented to cry peccavi [I have sinned], and openly recant all their former Doctrines of Divine Polity by a hearty active Conformity to your Majesty’s rightful Title and Government.

1698, William Stephens, “A Letter to his most excellent Majesty King William III. […]”, in A Collection of State Tracts, Published During the Reign of King William III, volume 2, published 1706, page 634:

The Divine polity, under which they had hitherto lived, was distasteful to the carnal affections of man: they reject the Lord God of Israel, and exclaim, “Nay, but set a king over us.”

1849, Alfred J. Carver, The Divine Attribute of Mercy as Deduced from the Old Testament, published 1851, page 49:

Let them affirm their unyielding determination to stand, firmly and unreservedly, for the way of Bahá’u’lláh, to avoid the entanglements and bickerings inseparable from the pursuits of the politician, and to become worthy agencies of the Divine Polity which incarnates God’s immutable Purpose for all men.

1936 March 11, Shoghi Effendi, “The Divine Polity”, in The World Order of Bahá’u’lláh: Selected Letters, published 1991, →ISBN, page 65:

(chiefly Christianity, theology) A government or system of governance (especially of a church) said to be instituted by God.


pharisaic

en-adj

pharisaic (comparative more pharisaic, superlative most pharisaic)

more pharisaic (comparative)
most pharisaic (superlative)
Pharisaic (alternative)

/ˈfɛɹɪˌseɪjɪk/

From Latin Pharisaicus, from Ancient Greek Φαρισαϊκός (Pharisaïkós), equivalent to Pharisee + -ic.

The church clock strikes the second quarter. / higgins [hearing in it the voice of God, rebuking him for his Pharisaic want of charity for the poor girl] A reminder.

1912 (date written), [George] Bernard Shaw, “Pygmalion”, in Androcles and the Lion, Overruled, Pygmalion, London: Constable and Company, published 1916, →OCLC, Act I, page 115:

(chiefly Christianity) Emphasizing the observance of ritual or practice over the meaning.

farisæisk

of or pertaining to observance of ritual over meaning


pharisaical

pharisaical (comparative more pharisaical, superlative most pharisaical)

more pharisaical (comparative)
most pharisaical (superlative)
Pharisaical (alternative)

Perhaps no man in the world had less than Douglas the pharisaical precision of Methodism; he was totally averse to their sudden and evanescent flights of enthusiasm, their frantic ravings of intemperate zeal in devotion, as if invoking a vindictive and implacable Deity;[…]

1838, [Letitia Elizabeth] Landon (indicated as editor), chapter XVIII, in Duty and Inclination: […], volume III, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 235:

Thus Aurobindo Ghose stated that the puritanical, pharisaical British conquered in the name of liberty and usurped under the cloak of altruism.

2012, Piers Brendon, ‘Beginning the Dissent’, Literary Review, volume 401:

(chiefly Christianity) Emphasizing the observance of ritual or practice over the meaning; self-righteous, hypocritical.


postlapsarian

/ˌpəʊstlæpˈsɛəɹɪən/

From post- (“after”) + lapsus (“of the fall”) + -arian (“of or pertaining to”).

confix

(Judaism, Christianity) The state of being which followed The Fall (the expulsion of Adam and Eve from the Garden of Eden).


apostolicalness

[…] for the Question is not about the Succession, but the Regularity and Apostolicalness of it.

1735, The London Magazine, volume 4, page 352:

And this wild and extravagant opinion has not wanted its patrons and defenders; but herein deserted by the more modest and moderate of their own party; besides that their apostolicalness (in this sense) is by the learned Daillé everlastingly shattered and broken.

1834, William Cave, Primitive Christianity: Or, The Religion of the Ancient Christians in the First Ages of the Gospel:

[…] for their not regarding the Apostolicalness of his see was no matter of special consideration, seeing that other sees were also called Apostolical […]

1851, Isaac Barrow, A Treatise of the Pope's Supremacy, page 544:

(Christianity, obsolete) The state or quality of being apostolical.


apostolicness

(Christianity) The state or quality of being apostolic.


reredos

reredoses (plural)
raredos (alternative)
reredosse (alternative)

From Middle English reredos, from Anglo-Norman reredos, areredos; equivalent to rere (“rear”) + French dos (“back”).

Coordinate term: iconostasis

A bad reredos will ruin the best church ever designed; and, although a good reredos cannot convert a bad church into a good one, it may do much to lessen the offensiveness of its badness.

1871, The Sacristy: A Quarterly Review of Ecclesiastical Art and Literature, volume 1, London: John Hodges, page 246:

Confusion has reigned in scholarly interpretation, however, because the dark-colored leaves have shown through the succeeding coats of paint across the reredos, interfering with the later scenes.

1998, Paul V. M. Flesher, “Rereading the Reredos: David, Orpheus, and Messianism in the Dura Europa Syngogue”, in Dān Ûrman, Paul Virgil McCracken Flesher, editors, Ancient Synagogues: Historical Analysis and Archaeological Discovery, page 363:

There seem to be no remains of wooden reredoses of the fourteenth century, though there are a number of examples in stone.

2007, F. E. Howard, English Church Woodwork, page 137:

(chiefly Western Christianity) A screen or decoration behind the altar in a church, usually depicting religious iconography or images, akin to the iconostasis of the Eastern Churches.


thabilitho

Syrian Orthodox Church
Syrian Orthodox Church

(Christianity) A wooden slab, covered with a cloth, placed on the altar in the Syrian Orthodox Church, and symbolizing the Cross.


vicar apostolic

en-noun

vicar apostolic (plural vicars apostolic)

vicars apostolic (plural)
apostolic vicar (alternative)

(Christianity) A Roman Catholic prelate who is ordained (titular) bishop and administers a missionary jurisdiction that is not (yet) a diocese, but ranks higher than an apostolic prefecture.


Adonai

/əˈdəʊ.neɪˌʌɪ/

From Hebrew אֲדֹנָי (ādônay, “My Lord”); used in place of the Tetragrammaton YHWH as a name of the deity of Abrahamic religion during prayer recitation.

This not the last empire to crumble / I bore witness to rise and fall of tribes of Adonai / And I have fallen short of a glory of God

(Judaism, Christianity) The Lord: a Hebrew title of God.


decretal

/dɪˈkɹiːtəɫ/

From Middle French decretal, from Late Latin dēcrētālis, from Latin decretum.

Or els is thys Goddis law,
Decrees or decretals,
Or holy sinodals,
Or els provincyals,
Thus within the wals
Of holy church to deale[…]?

c. 1503–1512, John Skelton, Ware the Hauke; republished in John Scattergood, editor, John Skelton: The Complete English Poems, 1983, →OCLC, page 65, lines 130–135:

DECRETALS... are the answers sent by the Pope to applications made to him as head of the church, chiefly by bishops, but also by synods, and even private individuals, for guidance in cases involving points of doctrine or discipline... From the 4th century onwards they formed the most prolific source of canon law. Decretals... ought, properly speaking, to be distinguished, on the one hand from constitutions... enacted by the Pope sua sponte without reference to any particular case, and on the other hand from rescripts... which apply only to special circumstances or individuals, and constitute no general precedent. But this nomenclature is not strictly observed.

1878, "Decretals" in the Encyclopædia Britannica, 9th ed., Vol. VII, p. 22

ecclesiastical letter
ecclesiastical letter

(Roman Catholicism) A papal decree, particularly one derived from an ecclesiastical letter.


dominus vobiscum

From Latin dominus vōbīscum ‘the lord be with you’, apparently taken from the Bible (e.g. Ruth 2:4 ‘And behold, Boaz came from Bethlehem, and said unto the reapers, The LORD be with you. And they answered him, The LORD bless thee’).

(Roman Catholicism) A devout salutation often used as a prelude to certain set prayers; the traditional response is Et cum spīritū tuō.


affirming

en-adj

affirming (comparative more affirming, superlative most affirming)

more affirming (comparative)
most affirming (superlative)

From Middle English affermynge; equivalent to affirm + -ing.

We remain because we are not without hope that the liberating spirit of Christ will make itself known through our insistence upon sharing fully in the life of the church as lesbian and gay Christians. We also stay because of the vital experiences of community with other lesbian, gay, bisexual and affirming Christians — community made possible by our mutual willingness to become visible to, and vulnerable with, one another.

1992, William R. Johnson, “Protestantism and Gay and Lesbian Freedom”, in Betty Berzon, editor, Positively Gay: New Approaches to Gay and Lesbian Life, updated and expanded edition, Berkeley, California: Celestial Arts, →ISBN, page 150:

For Paul would readily admit that as a Christian who is gay he knows first-hand what it means to experience the grace of God, divine grace that is received in the context of a welcoming—but not automatically affirming—church.

1998, Stanley J. Grenz, Welcoming but Not Affirming: An Evangelical Response to Homosexuality, Louisville, Kentucky: Westminster John Knox Press, →ISBN, page xii:

The majority of Episcopal churches that you’re visiting will be fairly affirming.

2018, Carol A. Shepherd, quoting Connor Gwyn, Bisexuality and the Western Christian Church: The Damage of Silence, Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan, →DOI, →ISBN, page 245:

The Church of the Nazarene should be an affirming church because, as Wesleyans, we believe the Spirit shapes us and can even help us enter the process of reconciliation when we have been wrong.

2023, Katie A. Donaldson, “The Spirit Transforms”, in Thomas Jay Oord and Alexa Oord, editors, Why the Church of the Nazarene Should Be Fully LGBTQ+ Affirming, [United States]: SacraSage Press, →ISBN:

(Christianity) Accepting of same-sex/same-gender sexual relationships – or, more broadly, the gender identities, sexual orientations, and sexual relationships of LGBTQ people – on the same terms as those of cisgender, heterosexual people.


cautel

en-noun

cautel (countable and uncountable, plural cautels)

From Latin cautēla, from cautus, past participle of caveō.

(Christianity) A traditional caution or written direction about the proper manner of administering the sacraments.


round robin

round robins (plural)
round-robin (alternative)

/ˌɹaʊnd ˈɹɒbɪn/

From round (adjective) + robin. Sense 1 (“senses relating to something with a round shape, or which goes around”) is connected with the word round, while sense 2 (“senses relating to people, animals, or plants”) is connected with some English regional senses of the word robin where it is used in the names of various fish and plants which are not related to the red-breasted bird. However, apart from the alliteration, it is not clear why the two words came to be linked together in compounds. It is possible that the term was first used to refer to sense 1.13.1 (“consecrated host”) which appears to be the earliest attested sense, and then extended to other senses either having the sense of round or robin.
Alternatively, it has been suggested that the term is a corruption of French ruban rond (literally “round ribbon”), referring to the practice in 17th-century France of signing on ribbons which were then attached to petitions of grievances in a circular manner: see sense 1.1. However, this etymology does not explain the senses of the term unrelated to a signed document.

der

[T]he Sacrament of the Altar, is nothing elſe but a piece of bread, or a little predie Round-Robin.

1659, Thomas Fuller, “The Fifth Book. Relating to the Time of King Henry the Eighth.”, in The Appeal of Iniured Innocence: Unto the Religious Learned and Ingenious Reader: In a Controversie betwixt the Animadvertor Dr. Peter Heylyn and the Author Thomas Fuller, London: […] W. Godbid, and are to be sold by John Williams […], →OCLC, part II, page 60:

(also attributive) Senses relating to something with a round shape, or which goes around.

(Christianity, derogatory) The consecrated host used in the Eucharist.


mercy seat

From mercy + seat, after German Gnadenstuhl, translating Hebrew כַּפֹּרֶת (kappóreth) (= Hellenistic Greek ἱλαστήριον (hilastḗrion) (Septuagint)/Latin propitiatorium (Vulgate)).

And thou shalt make a Mercieseat of pure gold: two cubites and a halfe shalbe the length thereof, and a cubite and a halfe the breadth thereof.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Exodus 25:17:

The greatest mystery of Religion is expressed by adumbration, and in the noblest part of Jewish Types, we finde the Cherubims shadowing the Mercy-seat.

1658, Sir Thomas Browne, The Garden of Cyrus, Folio Society, published 2007, page 206:

(Judaism, Christianity) The lid of the Ark of the Covenant, on which God is said to have been enthroned; taken to represent the throne in heaven.


mensa

Learned borrowing from Latin mēnsa (“table, altar”). Doublet of mesa.

lbor

Some churches also have an altar stone, a separate stone set into the mensa containing a relic of a saint, although this is becoming extremely rare.

1993, B. Don Taylor, The Complete Training Course for Altar Guilds, →ISBN, page 32:

(Roman Catholicism) The upper surface of an altar.


particularity

en-noun

particularity (countable and uncountable, plural particularities)

From Middle French particularité (“part of a whole; something particular, particularity”) (modern French particularité), and from its etymon Late Latin particularitas (“fact or quality of being particular; something particular, particularity”), from Latin particulāris (“particular; partial”) + -tās (suffix forming feminine abstract nouns indicating a state of being). Particulāris is derived from particula (“particle, small part”) (from pars (“a part, piece, portion, share”) (probably ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *perh₃- (“to provide, produce, beget”)) + -cula (diminutive suffix)) + -āris (suffix denoting a relationship, forming adjectives). The English word is analysable as particular + -ity (suffix forming nouns from adjectives, referring to the properties, qualities, or states of what is denoted by the adjectives).

suffix

The condition of being particular rather than general or universal; specificity.

(Christianity, theology) The doctrine of the incarnation of God as Jesus occurring at a particular place and time.

partikularismi

(Christianity, Judaism, theology, obsolete) Synonym of particularism (“the principle that only certain people are chosen by God for salvation”)


piscatory ring

(Roman Catholicism) A ring worn by popes, representing the first pope and Christian apostle Peter, who had been a fisherman.


Quasimodo

Quasimodo (disambiguation)
Tridentine Mass

From the opening of the introit of the day’s Tridentine Mass in Ecclesiastical Latin: quasi modo genitī īnfāntēs (“as newborn babes …”).

(Christianity) The first Sunday after Easter.


Apostle

(Christianity) Any of the group of twelve disciples chosen by Jesus to preach and spread the Gospel.


jackanapes

jackanapeses (plural)
jackanape (alternative)
jack-a-napes (alternative)

From Middle English iack napys, iac nape, iac napes (“derogatory nickname of the English military commander and statesman William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk (1396–1450)”), probably from Jacun or Jakin (“pet forms of the male name Jack”) + ape (“ape, monkey”) + -s (possibly modelled after surnames such as Hobbes and Jakkes), referring to Suffolk’s heraldic badge which was an ape’s chain and clog (“weight such as a block of wood or log attached to an animal to hinder motion”) (see the image, right). It is uncertain whether the word was first coined as a nickname for Suffolk (the earliest known uses), or to refer to an ape or an ape-like person. If the word was originally a nickname, some early uses of sense 2.1 (“person thought to behave like an ape or monkey”) may allude to Suffolk who was widely regarded as an upstart, having risen from the merchant class.
In later uses, the middle element of the word was often treated as the indefinite article a or an, that is, as if the word meant “Jack, an ape”.

kloppi

(proper name for) a person thought to behave like an ape or monkey; impudent or mischievous child

I wyl rather haue these knees pared of, then I wil kneele to yonder iacknapes (meaning the rode) God healpe me I am borne to trouble and aduersity in this world.

1562 May 5 (date written; Gregorian calendar), Ihon [i.e., John] Bullingham, quoting Julins Palmer, “The History and Martirdom of a Learned and Vertuous Yong Man Called Iulines Palmer”, in John Foxe, Actes and Monuments of These Latter and Perillous Dayes, […], London: […] Iohn Day, […], published 30 March 1563 (Gregorian calendar), →OCLC, book V, page [1610]:

(obsolete, Christianity, derogatory, rare) A crucifix.


terce

en-noun

terce (countable and uncountable, plural terces)

Late Middle English, from Old French terce, from Latin tertia (“third; the third hour”).

(chiefly Roman Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy) The service appointed for this hour.


canonical hour

(Christianity) The divine office or prayers appointed to each of these times of day.


processional

[47] Item that the Churchwardens of euery paryshe shall delyuer vnto our visitours the inuentories of vestmentes, copes, and other ornamentes, plate, bookes, and specyallye of Grayles, Couchers, Legendes, Processionalles, Hymnalles, Manuelles, Portuesses, and suche lyke apperteynyng to theyr Church.

1559, Iniunctions geven by the Quenes Maiestie anno Domini MD.LIX, the fyrst yeare of the raigne of our Soueraigne Lady Quene Elizabeth, London:

c. 1640s, John Gregory, “Episcopus Puerorum In Die Innocentium: Or, A Discovery of an Ancient Custom in the Church of Sarum, making an Anniversary Bishop among the Choristers” in The Works of the Reverend and Learned Mr. John Gregory, London: R. Royston and T. Williams, 1671, p. 114,
By the Use of Sarum (for ’tis almost the only place where I can hear any thing of this; that of York in their Processional seems to take no notice of it) upon the Eve to Innocents Day the Chorister-Bishop was to go in solemn Procession with his fellows […]

(Roman Catholicism) A service book relating to ecclesiastical processions.


intinction

intinction (countable and uncountable, plural intinctions)

/ɪnˈtɪŋkʃən/

Learned borrowing from Latin intinctiō, from intingere (“to dip in”).

(Christianity) The act of steeping or soaking the bread (or 'body' of Christ) in the wine (or 'blood' of Christ) so the communicant may receive both aspects of the Eucharist simultaneously.

intinció

the act of steeping or soaking the bread in the wine


original sin

original sin (countable and uncountable, plural original sins)

Calque of Latin peccātum orīgināle, a phrase used by 4th-century Berber theologian and saint Augustine of Hippo in his interpretations of the Bible.

(Christianity) Adam's disobedience to God.

I vvas baptized in thy Cordiall vvater, againſt Original ſinne, and I haue drunke of thy Cordiall Blood, for my recouerie, from actuall, and habituall ſinne, in the other Sacrament.

1624, John Donne, “11. Prayer.”, in Deuotions upon Emergent Occasions, and Seuerall Steps in My Sicknes: […], London: […] A[ugustine] M[atthews] for Thomas Iones, →OCLC, pages 280–281:

You have to give director Colm McCarthy, a Scottish TV veteran making his feature film debut, and writer Mike Carey, adapting his own novel, credit for attempting the seemingly impossible task of doing something new with the zombie subgenre. And by blending it with the common YA trope of a young female protagonist who leads the world into a new revolutionary era, they almost get there—largely thanks to newcomer Nanua, who presents her character’s grappling with complex themes of identity and original sin with a childlike guilelessness.

2017 February 23, Katie Rife, “The Girl With All The Gifts tries to put a fresh spin on overripe zombie clichés”, in The Onion AV Club:

(Christianity) The state of sinfulness, present in each human from birth, which is a result of Adam's disobedience.


last trump

last trumps (plural)
last trumpet (alternative)

From the Bible, Paul's first letter to the Corinthians: "We shall all be changed, in a moment, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trump" (1 Corinthians 15:52, KJV), referring to the last of seven trumpets to be sounded at the Last Judgement. The term used for the instrument in the original Koine Greek is σάλπιγξ (sálpinx), often translated as “war-trumpet”, but not resembling the modern instrument (see Seven trumpets on Wikipedia).

(Christianity) The moment of God's final judgement on Earth.


Spy Wednesday

From the idea that Judas Iscariot was spying on Jesus before betraying him. The Middle Irish equivalent, Cédaín in Braith ["Wednesday of Betrayal" or "Spy Wednesday"], is attested in the 15th-century Leabhar Breac.

CATHEDRAL. Spy-Wednesday—Evening Office of Tenebrae, at 5½ o'clock.

1844 March 30, “Order of Service in Holy Week.”, in Bengal Catholic Herald, Vol.VI No.13 p.174:

On Spy Wednesday 1916 Thomas McDonagh gave B Company, 2nd Battalion, Irish Volunteers a pep talk.

1974 January 23, Seamus de Burca, "Peadar Kearney (1883–1942)" Dublin Historical Record (Old Dublin Society) Vol. 28, No. 2, pp. 42–56 : 49


papal infallibility

Before examining specific interpretations of papal infallibility, we will first give a general introduction to the doctrine. This chapter begins with an overview of the pontificate of Pius IX and the historical setting of Vatican I. This overview is ...

2009, Mark E. Powell, Papal Infallibility: A Protestant Evaluation of an Ecumenical Issue, Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, →ISBN, page 20:

(Roman Catholicism) The concept that the Pope, under certain circumstance (when making a statement on faith or morals, etc.) is protected by the Holy Spirit from being able to make a mistake.


second coming

second comings (plural)
Second Coming (alternative)

When the time of Christ's second coming is at hand, there will be but a very little faith in the world. And the Lord knows that there be many, who are now as high as Lucifer, that at that day, for want of faith, will be thrown down to the sides of the pit; even in the very belly of hell.

a. 1689 (date written), John Bunyan, “ Some Gospel Truths Opened”, in Henry Stebbing, editor, The Entire Works of John Bunyan, […], volume I, London: James S[prent] Virtue, […], published 1863, →OCLC, page 75:

When Malone next looked round he was gone. "He is one of these Second-coming fanatics," he whispered to Enid. There are a lot of them—Christadelphians, Russellites, Bible Students and what-not.

1925 July – 1926 May, A[rthur] Conan Doyle, “Which Describes an Evening in Strange Company”, in The Land of Mist (eBook no. 0601351h.html), Australia: Project Gutenberg Australia, published April 2019:

(Christianity) The prophesied return of Jesus Christ.


canonized

Roman Catholic Church
Roman Catholic Church

(Catholicism) In the Roman Catholic Church, officially declared a saint.

canonizat

Roman Catholic Church: officially declared a saint


partialism

partialism (countable and uncountable, plural partialisms)

(Christianity, theology) The doctrine that the three persons of the Trinity are each three parts of God; in other words, each one thirds of God.

(Christianity, theology) The doctrine that Christ's atonement was made for only a part of humanity.


Utraquism

From Latin utraque (“both”) (from their demanding the cup as well as the bread for the laity), + -ism.

(historical, Christianity) The moderate Hussite ideology that the faithful, specifically including laity, should receive Communion under both kinds (sub utraque specie), that is to say, receive both bread and wine during the Eucharist; moderate Hussitism.


trad

trad (countable and uncountable, plural trads)

And just because leftoids make tripe from their position of strength is no reason for trads to make schlock from their position of weakness.

2024 June 18, Spencer Klavan, “A Matter of Taste”, in The American Mind:

(informal, Catholicism) A traditionalist.


Jesus Prayer

The old monk tells him that the one prayer acceptable to God at all times, and 'desired' by God, is the Jesus Prayer—'Lord Jesus Christ, have mercy on me.' […]

1957, J. D. Salinger, "Zooey", in, 1961, Franny and Zooey, 1991 LB Books edition, page 111

(Christianity) A short formulaic prayer entreating mercy from Jesus Christ.


judgment call

judgment calls (plural)
judgement call (alternative)

So stood I, by an atmosphere beguiled
Of glad surprise, when first thy lips let fall
The name I lightly carried when a child,
That I shall rise to at the judgment call.

1894, Gilbert Parker, “Recognition,”, in A Lover's Diary:

(Christianity) The summons which will call the spirits of the deceased to their heavenly reward at the time of Final Judgment.


Lord of Lords

1611, King James Version of the Bible, Revelation, 17:14
: These shall make war with the Lamb, and the Lamb shall overcome them: for he is Lord of lords, and King of kings: and they that are with him are called, and chosen, and faithful.


Prince of Peace

* 1611, King James Version of the Bible, Isaiah, 9:6
*: For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given: and the government shall be upon his shoulder: and his name shall be called Wonderful, Counsellor, The mighty God, The everlasting Father, The Prince of Peace.


antinomianism

antinomianism (countable and uncountable, plural antinomianisms)

From antinomian + -ism, coined by Martin Luther, notably used in his Against the Antinomians (1539).

Always containing seeds of antinomianism, mysticism inevitably undermined that authority, but because the church's hegemony rested on mystery, mysticism could not altogether be prohibited. The common will to reach God was too strong, and the church was political before it was anything else.

1989, Greil Marcus, “The Assault on Notre-Dame”, in Lipstick Traces, Faber & Faber, published 2009:

In the 1970s, [Daniel] Bell saw antinomianism all around him, and his thesis struck a chord with many. Well, antinomianism never hit many places in America, like the evangelical Christian communities.

1997 September 15, David Brooks, “The Rise of the Latte Town”, in Washington Examiner:

(Christianity) The belief or teaching that because only the spiritual "law of faith" (Romans 3:27) is essential for salvation, obedience to any practical or moral law has no role to play, even as a guide to conduct or as a test of the genuineness of faith.

Antinomismus

a belief or teaching that the spiritual law of faith renders any practical or moral law irrelevant


pre-Christian

(Christianity) A person who is not yet a Christian, regarded as a potential convert.


Missourian

en-adj

Missourian (comparative more Missourian, superlative most Missourian)

more Missourian (comparative)
most Missourian (superlative)
Missouran (alternative)

(Christianity) Of or relating to the Missouri Synod, a Lutheran denomination.


Missourian

Missourians (plural)
Missouran (alternative)

(Christianity) A supporter of the Missouri Synod.


convalidation

en-noun

convalidation (countable and uncountable, plural convalidations)

(Christianity) In Roman Catholic canon law, the making of a putative marriage valid following the removal of some impediment.


beatified

(Roman Catholicism) Having been recognized and declared, by the church, that a deceased has entered heaven; having attained this step in the process of canonization.

zalig

declared that a deceased has entered heaven


nativity scene

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-nativity scene.wav

In 1958, it was reported that for "the fourth year in succession, staff of four South London stations have combined to decorate the booking hall at Peckham Rye station". They installed a nativity scene, models of Father Christmas, and a sleigh driven by huskies, and Christmas trees were placed around the station.

2023 December 27, David Turner, “Silent lines...”, in RAIL, number 999, page 29:

(Christianity) A depiction—which may be pictorial, dramatic, or by means of figurines—of the birth of Jesus Christ in a manger, as described in the New Testament account.


Abraham's bosom

From Middle English Abraham bosom, abraham bosum, Abrahames boseme, Abrahames bosum, Abrahams bosum, Abrahamys bosum, from translation of Late Latin sinus Ābrahae, from translation of Ancient Greek κόλπος Ἀβραάμ (kólpos Abraám).

der

κόλπος Ἀβραάμ

For quotations using this term, see Citations:Abraham's bosom.

The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles

Oxford University Press
w:Oxford University Press

(Christianity) The waiting place for the faithful dead between the crucifixion and the resurrection of Christ; paradise.


stigmatized

en-adj

stigmatized (comparative more stigmatized, superlative most stigmatized)

more stigmatized (comparative)
most stigmatized (superlative)

This gift of the Lord is not confined to past centuries. It still exists in full strength in our days. Catherine Emmerich, who died in 1824, is an example of it, and a stigmatized Saint still nearer to our times, for she did not die until 1885, Catherine Putigny, the sister of the Visitation, was seen in two parts of Metz at one and the same time.

1923, Joris-Karl Huysmans, translated by Agnes Hastings, Saint Lydwine of Schiedam, page 126:


suburbicarian

/səˌbɜː.bəˈkɛəɹi.ən/

(Roman Catholicism) Describing any of the six dioceses surrounding Rome, which are always headed by Cardinals of the highest rank.

suburbicari

describing any of the six dioceses surrounding Rome


Kingdom of Heaven

Inherited from Middle English kingdom of hevene, kingdom of hevenes, a calque of Ancient Greek Βασιλεία τῶν Οὐρανῶν (Basileía tôn Ouranôn), from the Gospel of Matthew.

calque

Βασιλεία τῶν Οὐρανῶν

(Christianity) A concept of heaven as a hierarchical dominion with God at the top and a court of saints, archangels and angels.


Apollyon

From Ancient Greek Ἀπολλύων (Apollúōn, “Apollyon, the destroyer”), from ἀπόλλυμι (apóllumi, “utterly destroy”) via phono-semantic matching with Biblical Hebrew אֲבַדּוֹן (ʾaḇaddôn, “destruction, ruin”).

der

A great black bird, Apollyon's bosom-friend, / Sailed past, nor beat his wide wing dragon-penned / That brushed my cap—perchance the guide I sought.

1855, Robert Browning, chapter 27, in “Childe Roland to the Dark Tower Came”:

(Christianity) The destroying angel of the abyss, the undoer or disintegrator.


Gideon

Borrowed from Hebrew גִּדְעוֹן (gid'ón, “Gideon”) ("feller", "hewer", "mighty warrior").

bor+

(Christianity) A member of Gideons International, an evangelical Christian association, founded in 1899, that distributes free copies of the Bible.


Christingle

Uncertain; according to the Oxford English Dictionary, possibly from dialectal German Christkindl, Christkindle (“the Christ child, believed to deliver presents to children on Christmas Eve; the presents so brought”), from Christ (“Christ”) + Kindl, Kindle (dialectal diminutive of Kind (“child”)). The -ingle portion of the word may be a corruption of Kris Kringle (“Santa Claus”) (also derived from German Christkindl, Christ Kinde) among the German community in the United States.

I lit the three Christingles, / I lit them one by one, / On the merry, merry Christmas Eve, / When all the work was done. / I lit the three Christingles, / And they burned with a joyous ray, / But the faces that bent above them / Were fuller of light than they.

1869 January 23, “Christingles”, in Every Saturday: A Journal of Choice Reading, Selected from Foreign Current Literature, volume VII, number 160, Boston, Mass.: Fields, Osgood, & Co., successors to Ticknor and Fields, →OCLC, page 127, column 2:

A Christingle is an orange with a red ribbon around it. A small candle is set in the top. Four sticks, usually cocktail sticks, are placed in the orange. Pieces of fruit or small sweets are placed on the sticks. A Christingle is full of symbolism. The orange represents the world. The red ribbon is the blood of Jesus shed for everyone at his crucifixion. The candle represents Jesus, the Light of the World. The four sticks are either the four seasons or the four corners of the world. The fruit and sweets represent the food that God provides.

2002, Gordon Geddes, Jane Griffiths, “The Christmas Cycle of Festivals”, in Christian Belief and Practice: The Roman Catholic Tradition (GCSE Religious Studies for AQA), Oxford: Heinemann Educational Publishers, →ISBN, page 92:

The Christingle service has its origins in the Moravian Church and dates back to 20th December 1747 in Mairenborn, Germany. The language used to describe a Christingle has changed over time but fundamentally a Christingle is a candle set into an orange, respectively representing the world and Jesus. A red ribbon is tied around the orange, representing the blood of Christ. Fruit and sweets on four cocktail sticks are also set in the orange, representing the four seasons and God's love in providing the fruits of the earth. […] This service was performed in local churches all over Moravia when families would gather together at Christmas time. In the first service, the children were encouraged to take their Christingle home to re-light and place in their cottage to show the light of Christ to passers by.

2015 November 25, Rachel Stevenson, “268 Years of Christingle”, in The Children's Society, archived from the original on 2015-09-05:

(Christianity) A small Christmas gift for children symbolizing Jesus Christ as the “light” of the world. A typical modern Christingle is made of an orange with sweets skewered into it, a candle inserted into the top, and a red ribbon wrapped round it.

The Christingle service always attracts lots of people so the giving out of the oranges has to be limited little children; otherwise, some big children (i.e., teenagers) have been known to try their luck and line up for an orange too! I always used to take my two daughters, Victoria and Alexandra, to the Christingle.

2016, Victoria Williams, quoting Rosemary Williams, “Christingle, United Kingdom”, in Celebrating Life Customs around the World: From Baby Showers to Funerals, volumes 1 (Birth and Childhood), Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO, →ISBN, page 96:

(Christianity) A church service for children incorporating Christingles, usually held during Advent.


autocephaly

en-noun

autocephaly (countable and uncountable, plural autocephalies)

/ˌɔːtəˈsɛfəli/

(Christianity) The condition where a church's leaders have severed ties to a larger body and thus no longer report to a higher authority.

outokefalie

the organisational independence of a church


Jacobin

Dominican Order
Jacob bar Addai
Jacobin
Jacobin Club
Rue Saint-Jacques, Paris

From Middle English Jacobin, from Old French jacobin, from Latin Jācōbīnus, from Latin Jācōbus (“James, Jacob, etc.”) + -īnus (“-ine: forming adjectives”), from Ancient Greek Ἰάκωβος (Iákōbos), from Biblical Hebrew יַעֲקֹב (Ya'akóv), q.v. In reference to the Dominican Order, from the proximity of their 1218 chapel and chapter house in Paris to the city's Porte Saint-Jacques, whose road formed an extension of the Way of St. James running to Santiago de Compostela, Spain. In reference to the Jacobin Club, from its 1789 founding at the former Dominican convent. In reference to the Syrian church, from Jacob bar Addai, bishop of Edessa during the mid-6th century.

(Christianity, dated) Synonym of Dominican, a member of the Dominican Order, particularly its French chapter.

Dominican

Syriac Orthodox Church
Syriac Orthodox Church

(Christianity, archaic) Synonym of Jacobite, a member of the Syriac Orthodox Church.


Jacobin

(Christianity, dated) Synonym of Dominican, of or related to the Dominican Order, particularly its French chapter.

(Christianity, archaic) Synonym of Jacobite, of or related to the Syriac Orthodox Church.


ascesis

ascesis (countable and uncountable, plural asceses)

Learned borrowing from Late Latin ascesis, or directly from its etymon, Ancient Greek ἄσκησις (áskēsis, “exercise, training”), from ἀσκέω (askéō, “to exercise, practise, train”) + -σῐς (-sĭs, suffix forming abstract nouns or nouns of action, result or process).

ascesi

(rigorous) self-discipline — see also asceticism

And this we do find in the Basilican, the Byzantine, and the Romanesque architectures, each more perfect than another, and each lacking in an ever diminishing degree much of the perfect holiness of the Saint of "the most high,"—they came and passed away like different periods in the askesis of a holy soul aiming after the perfection of the spiritual life, and truly therefore they are Christian.

1845 March, “On the Nomenclature of Christian Architecture”, in The Ecclesiologist, volume I (New Series; volume IV overall), number II, Cambridge: John Thomas Walters […]; London: F[rancis] & J[ohn] Rivington […], →OCLC, page 50:

Saint Anthony the Great described a process of purifying the nous by eliminating the disturbances aroused in it by thoughts, feelings, images, imitative movements—all the things that have been unconsciously taken in and remembered by the personality. [...] To achieve this illumination and separation requires a special kind of effort, and this is the real nature of ascesis, noetic ascesis for the enlightening of the nous.

1995, Robin Amis, “The Eye of the Soul”, in A Different Christianity: Early Christian Esotericism and Modern Thought (SUNY Series in Western Esoteric Traditions), Albany, N.Y.: State University of New York Press, →ISBN; republished Chicago, Ill., South Brent, Devon: Praxis Institute Press, 2003, →ISBN, page 184:

The virtues to be attained through ascesis are Christ’s virtues, not our own, and theosis is always granted, never achieved by the individual. This connects the ascetic life essentially with the eucharistic ethos: we offer to God only what we receive from him; […]

2006, John D. Zizioulas, “On Being Other: Towards an Ontology of Otherness”, in Paul McPartlan, editor, Communion and Otherness: Further Studies in Personhood and the Church, London, New York, N.Y.: T&T Clark, published 2009, →ISBN, section V.3.e (Otherness and the Ascetic Ethos), page 84:

(Christianity, chiefly Eastern Orthodoxy and Catholicism, specifically) The praxis or "exercise" of asceticism and self-denial of impulses or passions for the sake of piety, theosis, and connection with God.

aszkézis

praxis or “exercise” of asceticism and self-denial of impulses or passions


apocryphalist

(Christianity) A member of the group who supported the inclusion of the Apocrypha in the Bible.

(Christianity) A writer of the Apocrypha in the Bible.


Brethren

Specific use of brethren as a semantic loan from German Brüder.

(Protestantism) Members of any congregation in the Anabaptist tradition of the Schwarzenau Brethren, practicing credobaptism and committed to nonresistance and nonviolence, some of whom may wear plain dress and shun modern technology.


Apostolicship

(rare, Catholicism) The office of a Pope


EE

Evangelism Explosion
w:Evangelism Explosion

(Christianity) Initialism of Evangelism Explosion.


Tlaxcala

/tlɑːʃˈkɑːlə/

Borrowed from Spanish Tlaxcala, from Classical Nahuatl Tlaxcallān.

Tascala (alternative obsolete)
Tascalla (alternative obsolete)
Taxcala (alternative obsolete)
Tlascala (alternative obsolete)
Tlascalla (alternative obsolete)
Tlaxcalla (alternative obsolete)

Aguascalientes · Baja California · Baja California Sur · Campeche · Chiapas · Chihuahua · Coahuila · Colima · Durango · Guanajuato · Guerrero · Hidalgo · Jalisco · Mexico · Michoacán · Morelos · Nayarit · Nuevo León · Oaxaca · Puebla · Querétaro · Quintana Roo · San Luis Potosí · Sinaloa · Sonora · Tabasco · Tamaulipas · Tlaxcala · Veracruz · Yucatán · Zacatecas

The Biſhopricke of Tlaſcala, which by another name is called de los Angeles, between the Archbiſhopricke of Mexico, and the Biſhopricke of Guaxaca, if of 100. leagues, and more in length, from the Coaſt of the South to that of the North, and betwixt the confines of the Archbiſhopricke, and of Guaxaca 80. and as many in breadth, by the Coaſt of the North sea, and no more then 18. or 20. by that of the South.

1625, Samuel Purchas, Purchas His Pilgrimes, volume 3, London: William Stansby, page 872:

On information received from Julian Garces, Bishop of Tlascala, of the Order of Friars Preachers, Pope Paul III. issued in 1537 bulls vindicating the liberty of the Indians and their dignity as human beings.

1885, Heinrich Brueck, History of the Catholic Church for Use in Seminaries and Colleges, volume II, New York, Cincinnati, Chicago, Einsideln: Benziger Brothers, page 143:

Puebla de los Ángeles
Puebla de los Ángeles

(Catholicism, history) Until 1903, a Roman Catholic diocese; now the archdiocese of Puebla de los Ángeles.

(Catholicism) A Roman Catholic diocese erected in 1959.


Reformer

(Christianity, historical) Alternative letter-case form of reformer (“one involved in the Reformation”)


concision

en-noun

concision (countable and uncountable, plural concisions)

Borrowed from French concision, from Latin concisiō.

Coordinate term: circumcision

(Christianity) penile mutilation, emasculation (used as a polemical term in Paul's epistles)


Ascension

(Christianity, specifically) The believed entry of Jesus Christ into heaven after his resurrection.

(Christianity) A holiday celebrating the Ascension of Jesus, 40 days after Easter.


Son of Man

From Middle English Sone of man, sone of man (also Mannes sone, Monnes Sune, man sone, man sun, etc.), meaning "mortal man, human being; the Messiah, the Christ", a reanalysis of Old English Mannes sunu (literally “man's son”), equivalent to Son + of + Man. Calque of Ancient Greek υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου (huiòs toû anthrṓpou), itself a calque of Aramaic בַּר אֱנָשׁ (human being, “bar ʾĕnāš”, literally “Son of man”), used in Daniel 7:13 for an apocalyptic figure.

clq

υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου

der

(Christianity) A Christian title of Jesus Christ, referring to his status as a celestial being who presides as an eschatological judge.


pedale

(Christianity) A foot-cloth in front of an altar.

(Christianity) A collection of canons of general councils in the Greek Orthodox Church.


baptismal font

(Christianity) A large basin used for baptism in or near a church.


EF

Extraordinary Form
Extraordinary Form#English

(Roman Catholicism) Initialism of Extraordinary Form.


Clarisse

Borrowed from French Clarisse, from Italian Clarissa, from Medieval Latin Clarissa (“Poor Clare”); see there for more. Doublet of Clarissa and Clarice.

Clara... withdrew herself... to the Church of St. Damian, and there gave beginning to the poor Maids, called from her name Clarisses...

1693, Gabriel d'Emillianne, translated by Antonio Gavin, A Short History of Monastical Orders, page 253:

(Catholicism) Synonym of Poor Clare: a nun of the Order of Saint Clare, sometimes particularly such a nun who followed the original rules of Saint Clare of Assisi.


nuptial act

(Catholicism) Vaginal intercourse between a married couple.


Stations of the Cross

(Christianity) Collectively, the series of (normally 14) icons or statues in a church which depict the last days of Jesus and his crucifixion.


virtualist

(Christianity) One who supports the doctrine of virtualism.


allocution

en-noun

allocution (countable and uncountable, plural allocutions)

The recent papal allocution To the International Congress on Life-Sustaining Treatment and Vegetative State: Scientific Advances and Ethical Dilemmas has been the occasion for much discussion concerning the use of artificial feeding tubes for nutrition and hydration.

2004, Thomas Shannon, James Walter, “Implications of the Papal Allocution on Feeding Tubes,”, in The Hastings Center Report, volume 34, number 4, page 18:

(Roman Catholicism) A pronouncement by a pope to an assembly of church officials concerning a matter of church policy.


Macedonianism

Macedonians (religious group)
Macedonius I of Constantinople

From Macedonian + -ism, the heresy name from Bishop Macedonius I of Constantinople.

(Christianity, historical) A fourth-century Christian heresy that denied the full personality and divinity of the Holy Spirit (also called Pneumatomachi).


King James Version

/ˌkɪŋ ˈdʒeɪmz ˌvɜː.ʃən/

/ˌkɪŋ ˈdʒeɪmz ˌvɜː.ʒən/

/ˌkɪŋ ˈdʒeɪmz ˌvɝː.ʒən/

/ˌkɪŋ ˈdʒeɪmz ˌvɝː.ʃən/

Named for James I of England (James VI of Scotland), who authorized the production of a new English translation of the Bible.

[...], and of course the Bible, the men who wrote it and especially the men who made the King James version, for it was the language of the Bible rather than its "message" which I got first and which I will never shake off.

a. 1964, Henry Miller, “The Books in My Life”, in Henry Miller on Writing, page 125:

a. 1998, Jeffrey M. Perl, Common Knowledge, quoted in front material, Homer, Robert Fagles (translator), The Iliad, page i
"Fagles' Homer, Sophocles, and especially Aeschylus may one day stand relation to their originals as the King James Version to Greek and Hebrew Scripture."

The Catholic priest would have been surprised that the old shaman had memorized the King James version of this song.

1999, James D. Doss, The Shaman's Game, page 119:

She thought for a moment, trying to remember; then she told him, "twenty-third Psalm, King James version," as best she recalled.

2004, R. Garcia y Robertson, Lady Robyn, page 320:

It pained him to tell the story, yet tell it he did, over and over, in the unabridged, King James version.

2005, Michael Kun, You Poor Monster, page 19:

A Bible, King James Version. (This he stuck in his bag, because anybody who knows anything about English literature knows you can't ger away from the Bible.)

2005, Catherine Landis, Harvest, page 54:

(biblical, Christianity) An English translation, published in 1611, of the Bible from the original Hebrew (Old Testament) and Greek (New Testament) commissioned for the Church of England, which is the version most quoted and influential in English literature and English Protestant religious culture.


maladministration

maladministration (countable and uncountable, plural maladministrations)

maladministrations (plural)
maleadministration (alternative)
male-administration (alternative)

/ˌmælədˌmɪnɪˈstɹeɪʃn̩/

/ˌmælədˌmɪnəˈstɹeɪʃən/

PIE word
 *h₂éd
From mal- (prefix meaning ‘bad; badly’) + administration.

maladminister

probably modelled after maladministration

[…] I vvould have the Sacraments on their vvheels, and yet ſo that their mal-adminiſtration bring not epidemick judgements upon us, as the receiving unvvorthily did on the Church of Corinth.

1656, Richard Vines, “What Must be Done where Discipline Cannot be Executed for Want of Administrators”, in A Treatise of the Right Institution, Administration, and Receiving of the Sacrament of the Lords-Supper. […], London: […] A. M. for Thomas Underhill […], published 1657, →OCLC, page 259:

(Christianity, countable, obsolete) An act of incorrectly administering a religious rite; also, a religious group that permits such a practice.


mantelletta

Borrowed from Italian mantelletta, from mantello (“cloak, mantle”) + -etta (from -etto (diminutive suffix)), probably from Late Latin mantelletum (“a short, sleeveless cape or cloak; a mantlet”). Doublet of mantlet.

der

We were without comestibles, and we had no garments except those we wore, not even a shirt, and the habits, such as they were, were most inconvenient for travelling; for the Pope [Pius VII] wore his mozzetta and stola, and I [Bartolomeo Pacca] the rocchetto and mozzetta, together with the mantelletta.

1850 August 31, “Historical Memoirs of Cardinal Pacca, Prime Minister to Pius VII. Written by Himself. Translated from the Italian, by Sir George Head. 2 vols. Longman & Co.”, in The Athenæum: Journal of English and Foreign Literature, Science, and the Fine Arts, number 1192, London: Printed by James Holmes, Took's Court, Chancery Lane; published at the Office, 14 Wellington Street North, Strand, by J. Francis, →OCLC, page 921, column 2:

In Rome the cardinals wear the mozzetta over the mantelletta, except in their titular churches, when it is worn immediately over the rochet.

1912, “The Cardinals of the Roman Catholic Church”, in Herman Joseph Heuser, editor, The Ecclesiastical Review: A Monthly Publication for the Clergy, volume XLVI, Philadelphia, Pa.: American Ecclesiastical Review, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 145:

In the presence of the Pope and within the Archbishopric of Rome, the cardinals and the bishops had to conceal the rochet beneath a so-called mantelletta, a knee-length coat, which was open at the front.

2015, Philipp Zitzlsperger, “A Change in Forms and the Migration of Bodies in Rome – From the Cardinal’s Tomb to the Cenotaph”, in Tarald Rasmussen, Jon Øygarden Flæten, editors, Preparing for Death, Remembering the Dead, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, →ISBN, page 84:

(Roman Catholicism) A sleeveless, knee-length vestment open at the front which is worn by Roman Catholic prelates.


vice-chancellor

vice-chancellors (plural)
vice chancellor (alternative)

(Christianity) In Roman Catholicism, the cardinal whose duty it is to draft and dispatch papal bulls and briefs.


what would Jesus do

(religion, Christianity, chiefly evangelicalism) Expression intended to help a person facing a choice with moral, ethical or religious implications.


florilegium

en-noun

florilegium (plural florilegia or florilegiums)

florilegia (plural)
florilegiums (plural)

Borrowed from Renaissance Latin flōrilēgium, calque of Ancient Greek ἀνθολογία (anthología, “flower-gathering”) (compare English anthology), so called because flowers were used as symbols of the finer sensibility of literature.


confiteor

From Latin cōnfiteor (“I confess”), the first word of the prayer and used as its title in Ecclesiastical Latin. Doublet of confess.

“Pugh!” she said. “You are disgusting! Go into the chapel now and say a confiteor each for your sin.”

1967, The Saturday Evening Post, volume 240, page 80:

(Christianity, chiefly Roman Catholicism) A prayer, typically beginning “I confess to Almighty God…” in English, in which public confession of sins is made.


rood screen

rood screens (plural)
rood-screen (alternative)

The church at Randworth is without aisles, and consists of a chancel and nave only. The rood-screen proper, i.e., the arcade with panels below, is placed, as usual, between the piers of the chancel arch.

1867, Illustrations of the Rood-screen at Randworth: Published under the Direction of the Norfolk and Norwich Archæological Society. Drawn and Lithographed by C[ornelius] J[ansen] W[alter] Winter, Norwich: Printed for the Society by Miller and Leavins, →OCLC, page 4:

An ancient rood screen usually, probably always, consisted of a loft from twelve to twenty feet high, and five to ten feet broad, protected by two parapets, the one towards the chancel the other towards the nave, running its entire length, sometimes quite across the church. […] The space below the loft was filled up by carved work called the rood screen, to screen off the chancel from the nave. This rood screen [in St Edmund's Church, Southwold] is all that ruthless iconoclasts have suffered to remain.

1874, “Halesworth Meeting, August 11, 1870. The Lord John Hervey, President.”, in Proceedings of the Suffolk Institute of Archæology, and Natural History. Established March, 1848, for the Collection and Publication of Information on the Ancient Arts and Monuments of the County of Suffolk, volume IV, Bury St. Edmund's: George Thompson, bookseller, Abbeygate Street, →OCLC, page 451:

Exhibited in the treasury of Durham Cathedral are two stone relief panels, dated 1155–60, whose damaged appearance belies their significance for our understanding of the liturgical division of space in twelfth-century cathedrals[…]. Although easily overlooked, these panels belonged to what was perhaps the single most important piece of ecclesiastical furniture in the Romanesque cathedral of Durham: the rood screen. Like all Romanesque sculpture in our museums and treasuries today, these panels have been uprooted from their original, medieval context. […] The scarcity of evidence for the decorative elaboration of rood screens in the twelfth century makes the Durham panels important vestiges of a type of ecclesiastical furniture whose origin is still obscure to us.

1994, Thomas E. Russo, “The Romanesque Rood Screen of Durham Cathedral: Context and Form”, in David Rollason, Margaret Harvey, Michael Prestwich, editors, Anglo-Norman Durham, 1093–1193, Woodbridge, Suffolk: The Boydell Press, →ISBN, page 251:

There are about eighty rood screens in Norfolk, which divide the chancel from the nave, most of them dating from 1450–1530, and generally made of wood and adorned with painted saints. […] Rood screens were perceived as aids to devotional meditation.

2000, Susan Signe Morrison, “The Milky Way: Women Pilgrims and Visual Art”, in Women Pilgrims in Late Medieval England: Private Piety as Public Performance (Routledge Research in Medieval Studies; 3), London, New York, N.Y.: Routledge, →ISBN, page 27:

The rood-screen was normally a stone or wooden partition, solid to waist-height and then pierced with openings to allow sight of the high altar, and a doorway to permit access to the officiating ministers. A great crucifix, usually supported by a heavy beam, stretched across the top of the screen.

2012, Eamon Duffy, “The Parish, Piety and Patronage: The Evidence of Rood-screens”, in Saints, Sacrilege and Sedition: Religion and Conflict in the Tudor Reformations, London: Bloomsbury Publishing, →ISBN, page 58:

(architecture, Christianity) A carved screen that separated the chancel and nave in a medieval church; it originally carried a large crucifix; an altar screen.


triune

PIE word
 *tréyes
Borrowed from Medieval Latin triūnus.

Coordinate term: biune

Christians believe in a triune God, meaning that he is three hypostases in perfect unity.

1990, Mary Ann Fatula, The Triune God of Christian Faith, Liturgical Press (Michael Glazier Books), page 21,
To be Christian today thus means reflective and critical fidelity to the essential elements of our Christian heritage in scripture and tradition, yet in a way that enables us to respond to the ever new presence of the triune God active in our own experience and world.

2003, Jeffrey C. Pugh, Entertaining the Triune Mystery, Continuum International Publishing Group (Trinity Press International), page 80,
Because the triune God is seen in ways that reflect relationality, God's presence can be expressed in the world in such a way that gnostic separation of the world and God should not be allowed to be a central part of Christian belief.

And in a double movement, the descent of the eternal Son is the Triune God's movement to initiate and enable reconciliation decisively with humanity, which is then followed by the ascent of the human Christ to continue the enabled relationship with the Triune God.

2014, Dick O. Eugenio, Communion with the Triune God, Wipf and Stock, unnumbered page:

(chiefly religion, Christianity) Both trine and one at the same time.


Hieronymus

en-proper noun

Hieronymus (countable and uncountable, plural Hieronymuses)

From Latin Hierōnymus, from Ancient Greek Ἱερώνυμος (Hierṓnumos, “holy name”). Doublet of Jerome.

der

(Christianity) Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus, Saint Jerome.


osculatory

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-osculatory.wav

(Christianity) A religious tablet, usually carrying a representation of Christ or the Virgin Mary, which is kissed by the priest during the Mass ("kiss of peace"); it is then passed to others at the mass who also kiss it.


quindecim

From Medieval Latin quindecima (“15th”), from quindecim (“15”). In reference to 2-week periods, based upon the Roman and medieval practice of counting inclusively.

(chiefly Christianity, archaic) Synonym of quindene, the 14th day after a festival, the fortnight after a festival.


en-proper-noun

the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints

Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints#English

(religion, Christianity) Alternative form of Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints


paten

From Middle English patene, from Old French patene, from Latin patina, from Ancient Greek πατάνη (patánē). Doublet of patina, patine, and patena.

An enameled miniature of Christ is set in the center of a jeweled alabaster paten, the plate that holds the bread during Communion services.

1980, Colin Thubron, Seafarers: The Venetians, page 41:

(Christianity) The plate used to hold the host during the Eucharist.


OFM

Haymo of Faversham, O.F.M.

John Duns Scotus ofm

Massimo Fusarelli, ofm

Order of Friars Minor
Order of Friars Minor#English

Ordo Fratrum Minorem
Ordo Fratrum Minorem

(Catholicism) Initialism of Order of Friars Minor or Ordo Fratrum Minorem, the Franciscans, a religious order of mendicant friars.


Order of Friars Minor

the Order of Friars Minor (canonical)
OFM (alternative)

A calque of Medieval Latin Ordo Fratres Minores (“the Order of Lesser Brothers”), chosen by Francis of Assisi to inculcate humility in its members.

der

(Catholicism) The religious order of friars established by St Francis of Assisi.


irmos

irmoi (plural)
heirmos (alternative)
hirmos (alternative)

Each ode has its own meter and tune called an irmos (εἱρμός; plural irmoi), introduced in the first stanza and repeated. The second, third, and sixth odes are divided into two sections, with different irmoi, perhaps allowing Andrew a greater variety of chant melodies to break up what might otherwise become monotonous.

2014, Derek Krueger, Liturgical Subjects: Christian Ritual, Biblical Narrative, and the Formation of the Self in Byzantium:

(Christianity) The initial troparion of an ode of a canon.


manducation

en-noun

manducation (countable and uncountable, plural manducations)

Borrowed from Latin manducatio, from mandūcō (“to chew, to eat”) + -tiō; alternatively or French manducation.

a literal, corporal and oral manducation of the very substance of his flesh and blood

1590-1600, Richard Hooker, Laws of Ecclesiastical Polity, volume V.lxvii.9:

(Christianity) The belief that eating the bread of Eucharist is eating the actual flesh of Jesus.


sedevacantism

The belief, held by a minority of Christians claiming to be traditionalist Catholics, that the present occupant of the Holy See is not the true pope and that the see has been vacant since the 1960s.

sédévacantisme

belief that actual pope is not a true and legitimated one


orans

orantes (plural)
orant (alternative)
oranta (alternative)
orante (alternative)

(art, Christianity) A figure in an attitude of prayer, usually standing, with the elbows close to the sides of the body and with the hands outstretched sideways, palms up.

(Christianity) The posture or bodily attitude of such a figure.


oremus

From Latin ōrēmus (“let us pray”, first person plural active subjunctive of ōrō), often used to introduce a prayer in the liturgy.

bor

first person plural active subjunctive of <i class="Latn mention" lang="la">ōrō</i>

The priest recited long oremuses in Latin, after which he said in the same language to the little seagull: Ingredere, Petre, in domum Domini.

1923, Pierre Loti, translated by W. P. Baines, A Tale of Brittany, page 144:

(Roman Catholicism) A liturgical prayer.


nocturn

From Middle English nocturne, borrowed from Medieval Latin nocturna, noun use of the feminine form of Latin nocturnus (“nocturnal, of the night”), derived from nox (“night”).

der

(Christianity) The night office of the Christian liturgy of the Hours, such as is performed in monasteries.

(Christianity) A portion of the psalter used during nocturns.


catholicos

en-noun

catholicos (plural catholicoses or catholicoi)

catholicoses (plural)
catholicoi (plural)

/kəˈθɒlɪkəs/

From Ancient Greek καθολικός (katholikós). Doublet of catholic.

Kavad had quickly ordered that a new Catholicos should be chosen for the Church, ending a hiatus of twenty years in which Shah Khusrau had prevented the office being filled.

2009, Diarmaid MacCulloch, A History of Christianity, Penguin, published 2010, page 252:

(Christianity) A high-ranking bishop or patriarch in certain Eastern Christian traditions.

ܐܲܒ݂ܵܐ ܕܐܲܒ݂ܵܗܵܬܹ̈ܐ

ʾaḇā d-ʾaḇāhātā


holy water

holy water (usually uncountable, plural holy waters)

/ˈhəʊli ˌwɔːtə/

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-holy water.wav

From Middle English holy water, haly water, hali water, holiwater, halywater, from Old English hāliġwæter (“holy water”), equivalent to holy + water.

None comes to this holy feaſt but they vvhoſe ſins are cleanſed in baptiſme, vvho are ſanctified in thoſe holy vvaters of regeneration, vvho have obedient ſouls, ears attentive to the Sermons of the Goſpel, and hearts open to the vvords of Chriſt.

1660, Jeremy Taylor, “Of Faith, as It is a Necessary Disposition to the Blessed Sacrament. Sect[ion] I. Of Catechumens or Unbaptized Persons.”, in The Worthy Communicant or A Discourse of the Nature, Effects, and Blessings Consequent to the Worthy Receiving of the Lords Supper […], London: […] R. Norton for John Martyn, James Allestry, and Thomas Dicas […], published 1661, →OCLC, page 199:

[W]ith our signs of the cross and holy waters, our crucifixes and prayers to the saints, our scapulars and medals, our so humiliating auricular confession

1889, Charles Paschal Telesphore Chiniquy, Fifty Years in the Church of Rome, page 307:

In a parallel way, when you came up from the font and its holy waters, you received chrismation and the mark with which Christ was chrismated.

1979, “The Catechesis of Cyril of Jerusalem”, in Lucien Deiss, Matthew J. O'Connell, transl., Springtime of the Liturgy:

(Christianity) In certain Christian churches, water that has been sanctified by a priest or bishop for the purpose of baptism or for the blessing of persons, places, or things.


Fat Tuesday

(Christianity) The Tuesday before the onset of Lent.


Sacramentarian

/ˌsækɹəmənˈtɛəɹi.ən/

From Late Latin sacramentarius, compare French sacramentaire.

(Christianity) One of the German reformers who rejected both the Roman and the Lutheran doctrine of the holy Eucharist.

(Christianity) One who holds extreme opinions regarding the efficacy of sacraments.


Sacramentarian

en-adj

Sacramentarian (comparative more Sacramentarian, superlative most Sacramentarian)

more Sacramentarian (comparative)
most Sacramentarian (superlative)

/ˌsækɹəmənˈtɛəɹi.ən/

(Christianity) Of or pertaining to the Sacramentarians.


nativity play

Her most significant role to date had been as a sheep in the school nativity play.

2008 October 4, Kevin Maher, “Dakota Blue Richards has become a girl in 10,000”, in TimesOnline, UK, retrieved 2008-10-14:

(Christianity) A dramatic depiction of the story of the birth of Jesus Christ, commonly performed by children in churches and in Christian schools during the Christmas season.


simonist

Theologians went on quoting his definition. However, the original simonist, Simon Magus, had made his offer for the Holy Ghost in hard cash...

1978, Alexander Murray, Reason and Society in the Middle Ages, page 64:

(Christianity) One who engages in simony, the purchase of church offices.


Son of God

the Son of God (canonical)
son of God (alternative)

From Middle English sone of God (also Goddes Sone, Godes Sune, etc.), a reanalysis of Old English Godes Sunu (literally “God's Son”), equivalent to Son + of + God.

der

(Christianity) Jesus Christ; the Son, considered one of the three persons of the Trinity by Trinitarians.


theca

From New Latin, from Latin thēca, from Ancient Greek θήκη (thḗkē, “a case, box, receptacle”), from τίθημι (títhēmi, “put, set, place”). Doublet of tay.

(Christianity) A case for the corporal cloth used in the Eucharist.


Jacobite

From Latin Jācōbus (“James”) + -ite, equivalent to Jacob + -ite.

(Christianity, dated) A member of the Syriac Orthodox Church, or historically any miaphysite or monophysite. [from 15th c.]

Dawson rightly points […] especially to the semi-separatist Henry Jacob (1563–1624), who in 1616 had founded in Southwark what is regarded as the first Congregational Church in England. These “Jacobites,” as they were called, organized around a group of ordained Anglicans who had fallen out with the established church because of its corruptions.

2022, Jerome McGann, Culture and Language at Crossed Purposes: The Unsettled Records of American Settlement, →ISBN, page 189:

(Christianity, historical) A follower of Henry Jacob, a 16th–17th-century Puritan theologian; an early Congregationalist.


impanation

From Latin impānātiō, impānātiōnis, from Latin impānātus, past participle of impānō (“to impanate”), + -tiō, from im- (“in”) + pānis (“bread”). By surface analysis, impanate + -ion.

(Christianity) The actual, substantial presence of the body of Christ with the bread and wine of the sacrament of the Lord's Supper — as opposed to transubstantiation.


pome

en-noun

pome (plural pomes or (heraldry) pomeis)

From Middle English pome (“fruit, meatball”), from Old French pome (“apple”), from Latin pōmum. For the verb, compare French pommer. Doublet of pomme.

(Roman Catholicism) A ball of silver or other metal, filled with hot water and used by a Roman Catholic priest in cold weather to warm his hands during the service.


nuntius

Borrowed from Latin nūntius (“messenger”).


simultaneum

From New Latin simultaneum, from simul (“at the same time”).

(Christianity) The shared use of a church for both Protestant and Catholic services.


gospelly

en-adv

gospelly (comparative more gospelly, superlative most gospelly)

more gospelly (comparative)
most gospelly (superlative)

The Ceremonies cease, but yet the Creede / Contained therein, continues gospelly, / That make my feeble Spirits will grow frim.

1698, Edward Taylor, “Meditation 25”, in The Poems of Edward Taylor, UNC, published 1989, →ISBN, page 129:

(archaic, Christianity) In the manner of the Gospel


premillennial

Robert Jeffress, the pastor of First Baptist Dallas, said in an interview that Mr. Van Impe’s premillennial view of the end times paved the way for his own ministry and that of other popular preachers like John Hagee and David Jeremiah.

2020 January 22, Elizabeth Dias, “Jack Van Impe, End Times Preacher on TV, Is Dead at 88”, in The New York Times:

(Christianity) Pertaining to the belief that the Second Coming will take place before the millennium.


Egg Saturday

(Christianity) The Saturday before Ash Wednesday. At the University of Oxford, the pace eggs are provided for the students on that day.


unitarian

(Christianity) A Christian who denies the doctrine of the Trinity, usually stressing some distinctions between God the Father and God the Son without denying the divinity of Jesus.

unitari

Christian who does not ascribe to Trinitarian theology


Promised Land

the Promised Land (canonical)
promised land (alternative)

At last, after years of patient waiting, he stood like Moses on the mountain, looking down into the Promised Land.

1910, P. G. Wodehouse, chapter 3, in The Intrusion of Jimmy:

(Judaism, Christianity) The area historically known as Judea, which was promised to the Israelites by God according to oral tradition recorded in the Book of Genesis.