Minorite

Minorites (plural)
minorite (alternative)

From Medieval Latin Minorita, from Latin minor + -īta (“-ite”), from Ordo Fratres Minores (“Order of Friars Minor”), literally the "Order of the Lesser Brothers", chosen by St. Francis to inculcate humility in its members. Equivalent to minor + -ite. Doublet of minister.

Minores or Minorites descende from the aforesayd Barefootes, which be also vnder the rule and clothynge of S. Frauncisce.

1537, Anonymous, Original & Sprynge of All Sectes & Orders..., sig, C5v

Order of Friars Minor
Order of Friars Minor

(Catholicism) Synonym of Franciscan: a friar of the Order of Friars Minor.

Our inquisiturient Bishops, and the attendant minorites their Chaplains...

1644, John Milton, Areopagitica, section 9:

(Christianity, obsolete) A lesser cleric.


Minorite

The order of the Minors or Minorite Friers descended from one Francis... of... Asisium.

1563 March 30 (Gregorian calendar), John Foxe, Actes and Monuments of These Latter and Perillous Dayes, […], London: […] Iohn Day, […], →OCLC, book I, page [70]:

...a Frier Minorite, called Simon de Sanct. Quintin...

1598, Vincent of Beauvais, translated by Richard Hakluyt, The Principal Navigations... of the English Nation, volume I, page 53:

(Catholicism) Synonym of Franciscan: Of or related to the Franciscans.


Minorites

Order of Friars Minor
Order of Friars Minor#English

(Catholicism) Synonym of Order of Friars Minor: the Franciscans, sometimes particularly the Conventuals.


Taborite

From Czech Táborita. Equivalent to Tabor + -ite, after Tábor, a hill or fortress where they encamped during the Hussite Wars, later a town. See also Czech tábor.

(Christianity, historical) A radical Hussite; an adherent of radical Hussitism at the time of the Bohemian Reformation, who rejected the unique authority of the Catholic Church in matters of faith and was considered heretical.


tripaschal

(Christianity, historical) Including three Passovers.


mansionary

mansionary canons

mansionary lands

(historical, Christianity) resident; residentiary


Waldense

From Medieval Latin Waldensis (c. 1170), so called from Petrus Waldus, or Peter Waldo, a merchant of Lyon, who founded this sect around AD 1170. For the surname, see Waldo.

(historical, Christianity) A member of a sect of dissenters from the ecclesiastical system of the Roman Catholic Church, who in the 13th century were driven by persecution to the valleys of Piedmont.


artolatry

From Ancient Greek ἄρτος (ártos, “bread”) + -latry.

(historical, Christianity) Bread-worship (the worship of the bread at Eucharist).


Shakerism

en-noun

Shakerism (usually uncountable, plural Shakerisms)

(Christianity) The doctrines of the Shakers.


Monarchianism

(Christianity) The beliefs of the Monarchians.


Tylerism

Tylerism (countable and uncountable, plural Tylerisms)

From Tyler + -ism. The abandoning-political-party sense came from John Tyler who is said to have done this after William Henry Harrison died in office.

(Christianity) The Reformed theology of Bennet Tyler.


Trisagion

Trisagion (plural Trisagia or Trisagions)

From Medieval Latin trisagion, from Byzantine Greek τρισάγιον (triságion), from τρίς (trís, “thrice”) + ἅγιον (hágion, “holy”).

With these sure graces, while busy tongues are crying out for a drop of cold water, mutes may be in happiness, and sing the Trisagion in heaven.

1716, Thomas Browne, edited by Samuel Johnson, Christian Morals, 2nd edition, London: J. Payne, published 1756, Part I, p. 24:

Eastern Christianity
Eastern Christianity

(Christianity) A liturgical prayer that runs “Holy God, Holy Mighty, Holy Immortal, have mercy on us” in English, typically sung before certain scriptural readings at Eucharistic liturgies in Eastern Christianity, and during the Good Friday Mass in the Roman Rite.


stational

Latin stationalis: compare French stationnale.

stational church

stational liturgy

stational worship

(Christianity) Of or relating to a station.


Antilegomena

From Ancient Greek ἀντιλεγόμενα (antilegómena), from ἀντι- (anti-, “against”) + λέγω (légō, “to speak”).

der

ἀντιλεγόμενα

(Christianity) Certain books of the New Testament which were for a time not universally received, but which are now considered canonical.

antilegomena

books of the New Testament which were formerly not universally considered canonical


Apotactite

Apotactites (plural)
Apotactic (alternative)

(Christianity, historical) One of an ancient sect of Christians in Asia Minor, originating in the third century AD, who renounced all their possessions.


protopope

From Ancient Greek πρωτόπαπας (prōtópapas); see proto- + pope.

(Christianity, Eastern Orthodoxy, Byzantine Catholicism) A protopresbyter


shekinah

From Hebrew שְׁכִינָה (sh'chiná, literally “act of dwelling”).

uder

Some said that the Shekinah, who dwelt with his people on earth, still lived on the Temple Mount, even though the Temple was in ruins.

1993, Karen Armstrong, A History of God, Vintage, published 1999, page 90:

(Christianity) A visible or otherwise perceptible manifestation of the presence of God


Minoress

Minoresses (plural)
minoress (alternative)

From Medieval Latin minorissa, from Latin minor (“little, lesser”) + -issa (“-ess”), under influence from Norman frere-menouresse and Middle French sereur meneuresse (“lesser sister”), from menour (“minor”) + -esse (“-ess”), after the model of Medieval Latin Fratres Minores (“Lesser Brothers”), chosen by St. Francis to inculcate humility in the order's members. Equivalent to minor + -ess. Doublet of minoress and Sister Minor.

der

Also I. bequethe to the Religiouse Wommen the Menouresses dwellyngge witħoute algate of london̄, C. s. to be departed amonge [hem] by euene porcion̄, for to synge and rede and to praye diuine seruice for my lordes soule Sir Thomas West, and myn, and for alle christene soules, and for the estates of Thomas my sone, and Iohane his wyf, and for her children.

1395, Alice West, last will and testement, p. 3

These Nunnes were of the order of S. Clare, and called Minoresses.

1631, John Weever, Ancient Funerall Monuments, page 755:

The chief house of the Clares in England stood near Aldgate; it was built by Blanche, queen of Navarre, and her husband Edmund, earl of Lancaster, Leicester and Darby, son to Henry III. and brother to Edward I. These nuns were Urbanists, and enjoyed revenues. They were called Clares or Minoresses, and their house the Minories...

1759, Alban Butler, The Lives of the... Saints, volume IV, page 87:

(Catholicism) Synonym of Poor Clare: a nun of the Order of Saint Clare.


in petto

Borrowed from Italian in petto (“in the chest”).

In future you will have the right to dress in red — indeed, you are already cardinal in petto, and you will be proclaimed at the next conclave.

1845, Eliakim Littell, Robert S. Littell, “Metternich”, in The Living Age:

(Roman Catholicism) Designated as a cardinal but not yet announced.


apostolic succession

en-noun

apostolic succession (countable and uncountable, plural apostolic successions)

(Christianity) The unbroken chain of consecrations by laying on of hands from the Apostles of Jesus Christ to the bishops, and from to bishop to bishop through the ages.


Apostles' Creed

(Christianity) A statement of Christian belief, traditionally ascribed to the twelve Apostles of Jesus.


Antichristic

en-adj

Antichristic (comparative more Antichristic, superlative most Antichristic)

more Antichristic (comparative)
most Antichristic (superlative)

(Christianity) Of or relating to the Antichrist.


subreption

en-noun

subreption (countable and uncountable, plural subreptions)

/sʌbˈɹɛpʃən/

From Latin subreptio, from subripere, subreptum (“to snatch or take away secretly”). Compare French subreption. See surreptitious, surreptition.

lest there should be any subreption in this sacred business, it is ordered, that these Ordinations should be no other than solemn

1644, Bishop Joseph Hall, A Modest Offer:

(Catholicism) The act of obtaining a favour or grant by unfair representation through suppression or fraudulent concealment of facts.


pharisaicalness

Romanticism fumes against what it sees as the puritanism and pharisaicalness of mainstream culture, while ultimately remaining blind to the fact that it's entirely dependent upon embodying the very thing it ridicules.

2014, Mark Sayers, Facing Leviathan: Leadership, Influence, and Creating in a Cultural Storm:

(chiefly Christianity) The quality of being pharisaical.


abbot primate

abbot primate (plural abbots primate or abbot primates)

abbots primate (plural)
abbot primates (plural)

(Catholicism) The representative leader of all Benedictine congregations.


Threeness

From Middle English *Threnesse, Thrumnesse, Thrimnesse, from Old English þrynnes, þrinness, variants of Old English þrȳnes, þrīnes (“Trinity”), equivalent to three + -ness.

[...] and I might not look at the brightness of His face save through a sheen mirror between me and Him that shields my eyes. So I have often seen the Holy Threeness, Father and Son and Holy Ghost, three in one, and but a little while might I bear the light.

1949, Margaret Anne Williams, Glee-wood:

I'm not sure why God needs three forms — Father, Son, Holy Spirit. I don't know why we just can't say God. ... Jon went on for a while talking about the Trinity, the "Threeness and Oneness." It didn't sound as if he was convinced, though.

2001, Brian Payton, Hail Mary Corner, Dundurn:

Therefore concern yourselves, you philosophers: how God has created this world in six days. For the work of each day is a creation of a spirit in the Holy Threeness, and the seventh day is the rest of the Sabbath of God, in the seventh [...]

2010, Jeff Bachl, translated by Michael L. Birkel, Genius of the Transcendent: Mystical Writings of Jakob Boehme, Shambhala, translation of original by Jakob Boehme:

(Christianity) In Christian belief, the three persons (personae) of the Godhead: Father, Son and Holy Spirit; Trinity.


Vicar of Christ

Vicar of Christ (plural Vicars of Christ)

Vicars of Christ (plural)
Vicar of Jesus Christ (alternative)

Calque of Ecclesiastical Latin vicārius Christī.

calque

"We should never have had the law of 1571, against bulls, and Agnus Deis, and blessed grains, if the Pope's bull of 1569 had not made them matter of treason."
"What, sir?" almost roared Parsons, "do you dare to speak evil of the edicts of the Vicar of Christ?"

1855, Charles Kingsley, chapter 4, in Westward Ho!:

[I]n the spacious ceremonial library of the 16th century Apostolic Palace, the czar of world atheism, Mikhail Gorbachev, will visit the Vicar of Christ, Pope John Paul II.

1989 December 4, Richard N. Ostling et al., “Religion: Cross Meets Kremlin—Gorbachev and Pope John Paul II”, in Time:

Not since 1522, when a Dutch theologian was elected Pope Adrian VI, had a non-Italian attained the role of Vicar of Christ.

2004 January 11, Roberto Pazzi, “Why the Next Pope Needs to Be Italian”, in New York Times:

Grant, then, . . . that the Holy Ghost had no such respect to any one (church) as to lead it into truth, although sent with this view by Christ, and for this asked of the Father that He might be the teacher of truth; grant, also, that He, the Steward of God, the Vicar of Christ, neglected His office . . .

1885, Tertullian, chapter XXVIII, in Peter Holmes, transl., Prescription against Heretics:

(Christianity, theology, very rare) The Holy Ghost.


vicar of Christ

en-noun

vicar of Christ (plural vicars of Christ)

Bishops, as vicars and ambassadors of Christ, govern the particular churches entrusted to them by their counsel, exhortations, example, and even by their authority and sacred power...

1964, Pope Paul VI, Lumen Gentium, III. xxvii:


Tenebrae

/ˈtɛnəˌbɹeɪ/

/ˈtɛnəˌbɹiː/

Learned borrowing from Latin tenebrae (“shadows, darkness”).

lbor

(Christianity) A Christian religious service celebrated by the Western Church on the evening before or early morning of Maundy Thursday, Good Friday, and Holy Saturday, involving the gradual extinguishing of candles while a series of readings and psalms are chanted or recited.


chirograph

From Middle French chirographe, from Ancient Greek χειρόγραφος (kheirógraphos, “written with the hand”) χείρ (kheír, “hand”) + γράφω (gráphō, “write”).

der

(law, Catholicism) A papal decree whose circulation, unlike an encyclical, is limited to the Roman curia.


Artotyrite

From Late Latin Artotyritae, plural, from Ancient Greek ἄρτος (ártos, “loaf”) + τυρός (turós, “cheese”).

(historical, Christianity) A member of a sect in the primitive church who celebrated the Lord's Supper with bread and cheese.


Parasceve

Borrowed from Latin parascevē, from Ancient Greek παρασκευή (paraskeuḗ, literally “preparation”).

And when evening was now come, (because it was the Parasceve, that is, the day before the sabbath,)

(Christianity) The day of preparation before the (Jewish) Sabbath; Friday.


apostolicism

(Christianity) The quality of being apostolical; apostolicity.


Lollardism

(Christianity, historical) The doctrines or principles of the Lollards.

lollardismo

the doctrines or principles of the Lollards


counion

Counion with Him is His desire, not a robotic family who is programmed or shows up out of duty or obligation.

2015, Rhonda Ambrose, Beyond the Door, →ISBN:


Golden Gate

Calque of Latin Porta Aurea and/or Ancient Greek Χρῡσὴ Πύλη (Khrūsḕ Púlē) (as neo-Latin Chrysopylae). Coined by American explorer John C. Frémont, who explained, “To this Gate I gave the name of ‘Chrysopylae’, or ‘Golden Gate’; for the same reasons that the harbor of Byzantium was called Chrysoceras, or Golden Horn.”

coin

Golden Gate
Golden Gate (disambiguation)

(Christianity, Islam, Judaism) The oldest of the current gates in Jerusalem's Old City Walls, through which, according to Jewish tradition, the shekinah used to appear and will appear again when the Messiah comes.


pedilavium

en-noun

pedilavium (plural pedilavia or pedilaviums)

Borrowed from Late Latin pedilavium (“footbath”), from Latin pedi- (“foot”) (from pēs (“foot”)) + lavāre (“to wash”) + -ium (suffix forming abstract nouns).

Part of the church service on Maundy Thursday is the pedilavium.

It is evident […] that the day [Maundy Thursday] was observed, as early as the fifth century, by the solemn celebration of the Lord's supper connected with the ceremony of the washing of feet (pedilavium). Augustin speaks of the celebration of the Lord's supper as being the more ancient and general custom, and of the pedilavium as of later introduction and more partial observance.

1839, J[oseph] E[smond] Riddle, “A More Particular Account of the Date, Names, and History of Ancient Festivals and Holy Days throughout the Year”, in A Manual of Christian Antiquities: Or, an Account of the Constitution, Ministers, Worship, Discipline, and Customs of the Ancient Church, Particularly during the Third, Fourth, and Fifth Centuries; to which is Prefixed an Analysis of the Writings of the Ante-Nicene Fathers. Compiled from the Works of Augusti and Other Sources, 2nd edition, London: John W[illiam] Parker, West Strand, →OCLC, page 632:

Lovefeasts and choir-days were celebrated as covenant festivals, for which all were prepared by being reminded of the covenant of love to Christ and his people, in the speakings, pedilaviums, prostration meetings, and choir homilies (Biertel-Stunden), nor omitting the especial occasions for partaking of the cup of covenant.

1855 November, “Essential Characteristics of the Brethren’s Unity”, in The Moravian Church Miscellany. A Monthly Journal of the United Brethren in America, volume VI, number XI, Bethlehem, Pa.: Published for the Church of the United Brethren, →OCLC, page 326:

Sweeping was like the pedilavium, a purification of the floor of the house and the feet of the believer, contaminated by the insidious flow of a dissipating humanity. In the pedilavium, the feet were washed in the 'bloody Gore' from Christ's Body, and dried by his 'besweated Hair' (FCD [Fulneck Congregation Diaries] 6 August 1755), in an act of purification before the taking of the Lord's Supper.

2003, Ron Southern, “Strangers Below: An Archaeology of Distinctions in an Eighteenth-century Religious Community”, in Susan Lawrence, editor, Archaeologies of the British: Explorations of Identity in Great Britain and Its Colonies, 1600–1945 (One World Archaeology; 46), Abingdon, Oxon., New York, N.Y.: Routledge, →ISBN, page 95:

On Holy Thursday, Alessandro [de' Medici, Duke of Florence] imitated the innovation of his predecessor, Archbishop Altoviti, who had significantly modified the traditional ritual of the pedilavium acted out in the cathedral. Instead of having canons play the roles of the apostles, Altoviti washed the feet of 12 poveri, and then gave them clothing, bread, and two lire each. Alessandro followed Altoviti's example closely.

2014, Douglas N. Dow, “Alessandro de’ Medici and the Florentine Archdiocese at the End of the Cinquecento”, in Apostolic Iconography and Florentine Confraternities in the Age of Reform (Visual Culture in Early Modernity), Farnham, Surrey, Burlington, Vt.: Ashgate Publishing, →ISBN, page 12:

[R]itual practices are not at all limited to demarcated ones, and, in fact, demarcatedness is a matter of degree rather than an absolute value[…]. While we can only speculate about how the scene happened, it is possible that Judas Iscariot's rant took place as Mary was still wiping Jesus' feet with her hair – and, if that was the situation, it is well likely that this was a somewhat ad hoc ritual performance, which was not expected to take place by some, and which was not clearly demarked at that time. […] One could play with the hypothesis that Mary made use of something that was more dynamic and ad hoc at that time than the pedilavia of our day, and so that section of the Bible provides a glimpse into a ritual practice being only at a certain stage of becoming demarcated.

2017, Dániel Kádár, “Ritual: Its Definition, Typology, and Relational Role(s)”, in Politeness, Impoliteness and Ritual: Maintaining the Moral Order in Interpersonal Interaction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →DOI, →ISBN, page 51:

(Christianity) The rite of foot-washing based on the act carried out by Jesus Christ on his disciples at the Last Supper. Depending on the church or denomination, it may be carried out at baptism, during Holy Communion, or as part of a Maundy Thursday service; maundy.


holy-water sprinkle

holy-water sprinkle (plural holy-water sprinkles)

/ˈhəʊliˌwɔːtə ˈspɹɪŋkl̩/

PIE word
 *kéh₂ilos
From Late Middle English haly water spryngelle (“sprinkler for holy water”), from haly water, hōlī water (“water consecrated for use in religious ceremonies”) + sprenkil, springel, spryngelle (“sprinkler for holy water”). By surface analysis, holy water + sprinkle.
Sense 2 (“weapon consisting of a heavy ball set with spikes attached rigidly to a staff”) is from its resemblance to the aspergillum, and apparently from the fact that it scattered blood when it came into contact with a person.

ref

From the collection of the Santa Maria Novella church in Florence, Tuscany, Italy.

From the collection of the museum of the Château de Dinan in Dinan, Brittany, France.

nb...

bookseller, 132, Fleet Street; and sold by all booksellers and news-agents throughout the kingdom.

All ſubſtantiues endyng in on, hauyng i cõmyng next before on, be of tbe femyne gendre: Excepte Millyón a myllion⸝ eſcorpión a ſcorpyon a ſarpent⸝ ueſpilión a holy water ſpricle^([sic])⸝ eſtovrgión a ſturgion fiſhe⸝ psalterión a psaltrion […]

[1530 July 28 (Gregorian calendar), Iohan Palsgraue [i.e., John Palsgrave], “To Know the Gendre of All Substantyues Endyng in N”, in Lesclarcissement de la langue francoyse⸝ […], [London]: […] [Richard Pynson] fynnysshed by Iohan Haukyns, →OCLC, 3rd boke, folio vi, recto; reprinted Geneva: Slatkine Reprints, October 1972, →OCLC:

[…] I stode at the dore: Then sayd the Byshop go to your sermon. Then Doctour Chadseye put the stole a boute his necke, and caried the holy water sprinkle vnto the bishop, who blessed hym, and gaue hym holy water, and so he went to hys sermon.

1555, Thomas Haukes [i.e., Thomas Hawkes], witness, “Here Foloweth the Examinations of Thomas Haukes, before Edmund Boner [Edmund Bonner], Byshop of London, Woorde for Woorde, as It was betwene the Byshoppe and Diuers Other and Him, An. 1555. The First Examination of Thomas Haukes.”, in John Foxe, Actes and Monuments of These Latter and Perillous Dayes, […], London: […] Iohn Day, […], published 30 March 1563 (Gregorian calendar), →OCLC, book V, page 1155 [1224]:

She alvvay ſmyld, and in her hand did hold / An holy vvater Sprinckle, dipt in deovve, / VVith vvhich ſhe ſprinckled fauours manifold, / On vvhom ſhe liſt, and did great liking ſheovve, […]

1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto XII”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 13, page 579:

[T]he other Cardinalles vvith theyr holi-vvater ſprinkles, quencht his foggy fume and euaporating.

1599, [Thomas] Nashe, Nashes Lenten Stuffe, […], London: […] [Thomas Judson and Valentine Simmes] for N[icholas] L[ing] and C[uthbert] B[urby] […], →OCLC, page 57:

VVhy, but holy-vvater is a ſpeciall ranſome to free ſoules out of Purgatorie; and digged out of the fountaine of Scripture. Aſperges me, Domine, Hyſopo: Thou ſhalt ſprinkle me, oh Lord, vvith Hyſope: (for ſo their tranſlation hath it:) the ſenſe of vvhich place, is, ſaith the Romiſh; that the Prieſt muſt daſh the graue vvith a holy-vvater-ſprinkle: for you muſt ſuppoſe, that Dauid vvas dead and buried vvhen he ſpake theſe vvords, and his ſoule in Purgatorie.

1614, Thomas Adams, “The First Sermon. Proverb. 9. 17. 18.”, in The Diuells Banket. Described in Sixe Sermons. […], London: […] Thomas Snodham for Ralph Mab, […], →OCLC, page 17:

After that, they went in Procession; two Banners being carried before them, in one of which was the Picture of Virtue, and that of Fortune in the other. The last went before, carried by a Semiquavering-Fryar, at whose Heels was another with the Shadow or Image of Virtue in one Hand, and an Holy-water-sprinkle in the other; I mean of that Holy Mercurial-water, which Ovid describes in his de fastis. And as the preceding Semiquaver rang a Hand-bell, this shak'd the Sprinkle with his Fist.

1653, Francis Rabelais [i.e., François Rabelais], translated by [Thomas Urquhart, Peter Anthony Motteux], “How We Came to the Island of Sandals; and of the Order of Semiquaver Fryars”, in The Works of Francis Rabelais, Doctor in Physick: Containing Five Books of the Lives, Heroick Deeds, and Sayings of Gargantua, and His Sonne Pantagruel. […], London: […] [Thomas Ratcliffe and Edward Mottershead] for Richard Baddeley, […], →OCLC; republished in volume II, London: […] Navarre Society […], [1948], →OCLC, 5th book, page 368:

A religious and martial chief, he [John Gaspard Ampringen] wielded in turn the sabre and the holy water sprinkle, and in every respect suited an ambitious order and a disloyal prince, who spared blood as little as they did holy water.

1859, Alfred Michiels, “Hungary Pillaged—Dragonnades and Force Conversions”, in [anonymous], transl., Secret History of the Austrian Government and of Its Systematic Persecution of Protestants. […], London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC, page 144:

aspergillum

(Christianity) Synonym of aspergillum (“an implement, in the form of a brush or of a rod with a perforated container, for sprinkling holy water”)


Abraham's barm

From Middle English Abrahames barme, Habrahammes barm.

The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles

Oxford University Press
w:Oxford University Press

(Christianity, obsolete) Synonym of Abraham's bosom


tetratheism

[…] "consubstantial Trinity" could have been a reaction against the supposed heresy of […] Damian […] who was accused of "tetratheism" (or "tetradism", distinguishing four different entities in the Godhead), a response to, but as it seems a variant of, the very influential "tritheism" of John Philoponus (distinguishing three Deities in the Trinity) […]

2002, Hans Hauben, “On the Invocation of the 'Holy and Consubstantial Trinity' in Byzantine Oath and Dating Formulas”, in Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, volume 139, Bonn: Dr. Rudolf Habelt GmbH, →ISSN, →JSTOR, page 160:

(Christianity) The belief that there are four elements in the Christian Godhead—the three hypostases (Father, Son, Holy Spirit) of the Trinity and a divine essence out of which each of these originates.


take vows

en-verb

take vows (third-person singular simple present takes vows, present participle taking vows, simple past took vows, past participle taken vows)

takes vows (present singular third-person)
taking vows (participle present)
took vows (past)
taken vows (participle past)

And this was the hour Brother Jacques had planned and waited for! For this moment he had donned the robes, isolated himself, taken vows, suffered physical tortures!

1903, Harold MacGrath, chapter 34, in The Grey Cloak:

"Even painters ... try to make all women look like some wife or mistress. You are all the same; you never see our real faces. ... I'd rather take vows and veil my face for ever from such abominable eyes."

A cloister is the part of the monastery that only those who have taken vows may enter.

2001 December 30, Michelle O'Donnell, “The Life Serene”, in New York Times, retrieved 2012-11-26:

(Christianity) To become an officially inducted member of a religious order, such as an order of priests, nuns, or monks.


Gomarist

(historical, Protestantism) A follower of Franciscus Gomarus, a 17th-century Dutch Calvinist who strongly opposed the Arminians; an adherent of orthodox Reformed soteriology in the Arminian controversy.


Judge

Wak’d by the trumpet’s sound,
I from my grave must rise,
And see the Judge with glory crown’d,
And see the flaming skies.

1763, Charles Wesley, “And am I Born to Die?” (Hymn 59) in Hymns for Children, and Others of Riper Years

(Christianity) epithet of God or Jesus in his role as supreme arbiter


Abstinent

From Middle English abstinent (adjective form).

(Christianity, historical) One of a Christian sect that appeared in France and Spain in the 3rd century, and practised abstinence from meat and sex.


Temple

(Judaism, Christianity, historical) Any of the former chief temples to YHWH in Jerusalem, particularly Solomon's Temple.


laying on of hands

en-noun

laying on of hands (plural layings on of hands)

layings on of hands (plural)
laying-on of hands (alternative)

And when Simon ſaw that through laying on of the Apoſtles hands', the holy Ghoſt was giuen, hee offered them money,[…]

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Acts 8:18, column 1:

He holds daily levees, which are crowded, at Metropolitan Hall, where he proclaims that he has been sent of God to heal diseases by the touch. Many are fools enough to try the experiment . . . . His formula is, "Disease, depart," accompanied with a laying on of hands.

1865 April 2, “From the West”, in New York Times, retrieved 2013-01-25:

They cast out devils by magic charms, cured diseases by the laying on of hands, drank deadly poisons unharmed, and unharmed played with deadly snakes—or so they claimed.

1915, Jack London, The Jacket (The Star-Rover), ch. 17

This monstrous parody of divine compassion . . . performs, in the presence of moving picture cameras, a grotesque parody upon the laying on of hands and the healing of the sick.

1922, Upton Sinclair, chapter 35, in They Call Me Carpenter: A Tale of the Second Coming:

Popoff would race around an auditorium, striding up to dozens of people he had never met, greeting them by name, reciting their addresses, diagnosing their illnesses and then pretending to heal them with a laying on of hands.

2001 June 24, Leon Jaroff, “Fighting Against Flimflam”, in Time:

(religion, chiefly Christianity) The practice of using touch to communicate spiritual energy from one person to another, especially as an act of healing.

handoplegging

apostolic succession
apostolic succession

(Christianity) The charism whereby new bishops are initiated into the apostolic succession.


Celestine

(Roman Catholicism) A member of a Roman Catholic monastic order, a branch of the Benedictines, founded in 1244.


habemus papam

Unadapted borrowing from Ecclesiastical Latin habēmus pāpam (literally “we have a pope”).

ubor

(Catholicism) Used by the Vatican to announce the election of a new Pope.


habemus papam

(Catholicism) A short, formulaic speech in Latin that announces the identity of a newly elected pope.


Bogomil

Bogomils (plural)
Bogomile (alternative)

From the name of the priest Bogomil, who supposedly founded the sect, literally meaning "dear to God", from bog (“god”) (compare Proto-Slavic *bogъ) and mil (“dear”) (compare Proto-Slavic *milъ).

(Christianity, historical) A member of a dualist Christian sect which flourished in the Balkans during the 10th to 15th centuries and was characterized by resistance to the state and church authorities.


book of hours

From the books' usual division of prayers according to the canonical hours.

(Christianity, chiefly historical) An illuminated Catholic devotional book, popular in the Middle Ages.

llibre d'hores

illuminated devotional book from the Middle Ages

(Christianity) Synonym of horologion, the equivalent of the breviary in Eastern Orthodoxy and Catholicism.


Arianize

en-verb

Arianize (third-person singular simple present Arianizes, present participle Arianizing, simple past and past participle Arianized)

Arianizes (present singular third-person)
Arianizing (participle present)
Arianized (participle past)
Arianized (past)

(Christianity, ambitransitive) To make Arian, or act as an Arian.


vardapet

vardapets (plural)
vartabad (alternative)
vartabed (alternative)
vartabet (alternative)
vartapet (alternative)
wardapet (alternative)

Borrowed from Armenian վարդապետ (vardapet), from Old Armenian վարդապետ (vardapet, “teacher; vardapet”), from a South-Western Iranian word of the form *vard(a)-pet (literally “master of students; master of work”), ultimately from Proto-Iranian *warj- (“to do; to work; to till the land”) (from Proto-Indo-European *werǵ- (“to make”), whence Old Persian vard- (“to work”) in the given name 𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎺𐎼𐎮𐎡𐎹 (Artavardiya-)) + Proto-Iranian *pati- (from Proto-Indo-European *pótis (“master; ruler”), whence Old Armenian պետ (pet, “chief, commander”), Parthian *pet).

cog

There is nothing particular to be mention'd concerning the Archbiſhops and Biſhops of the Armenians, […] It were only to be wiſh'd they diſcharg'd their Duty; but they have no Zeal, and are ſunk into the moſt wretched Ignorance, and are often less eſteem'd than the Vertabiets. Sometimes they are Biſhops and Vertabiets at the same time, that is to ſay, Bishops and Doctors. These Vertabiets, who make ſuch a noiſe among the Armenians, are not in reality great Doctors; but they are the moſt conſiderable Men of the Country, or at leaſt paſs for ſuch.

1741, Joseph Pitton de Tournefort, “Letter VIII. Of the Manners, Religion, and Commerce of the Armenians”, in A Voyage into the Levant: Perform'd by Command of the Late French King. …, volume III, London: Printed for D. Midwinter, R. Ware, C[harles] Rivington, A. Ward, J. and P. Knapton, T[homas] Longman, R. Hett, C. Hitch, S. Austen, J. Wood, and J. & H. Pemberton, →OCLC, page 243:

At the hour appointed most of the brethren met at the house of the vartabed; but found no one there to accuse or oppose them. They now had considerable conversation with the vartabed, and gave him some wholesome advice.

1844 July, “A Friend—Vacillation of the Vartabed”, in The Missionary Herald. Containing the Proceedings of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions: With a View of Other Benevolent Operations, volume XL, number 7, Boston, Mass.: Press of T. R. Martin, 24 Congress Street, →OCLC, page 233, column 1:

Cyriacus of Gandzak, vardapet, a writer of the 13th century. He has composed a History of Armenia, covering a period of near a thousand years. […] Vardan Vardapet of Baretzer-berd, of the 13th century, a fellow-disciple of Cyriacus of Gandzak, profoundly learned, and especially distinguished as a linguist. He has left us a complete history of Armenia from the time of Haik down to his own period.

1860 October, “Proceedings of the American Oriental Society. New Haven, October 17th and 18th, 1860.”, in Journal of the American Oriental Society, volume VII, New Haven, Conn.: For the American Oriental Society, printed by E. Hayes, printer to Yale College, published 1862, →OCLC, page iii:

The hardest trial of all to bear was the cruel bastinado, which the vartabad at length resorted to, seeing that other means failed. A young man was called into the presence of this church dignitary, and required to sign the patriarch's creed. Refusing to comply, he was placed on the floor and beaten with sticks on the soles of his feet, the vartabad assisting with his own hands in inflicting this cruelty.

1867 July, “Mission Work in Turkey”, in The Missionary Magazine, volume XLVII, number 7, Boston, Mass.: American Baptist Missionary Union, Missionary Rooms, 12, Bedford Street, →OCLC, page 214, column 1:

Even if these treatises are not Mantagouni's but were written in imitation of Saint Chrysostom, the fact that they are addressed by an Armenian Vartabet (learned doctor) to the Armenian people is an evidence that theaters existed in Armenia. This, in its own turn, is an evidence of high culture and civilization among the Armenians.

1930, Kevork A[vedis] Sarafian, History of Education in Armenia, La Verne, Calif.: Press of the La Verne Leader, →OCLC, page 28:

A peculiar and important rank in the Armenian hierarchy, conferred by a sort of ordination rite, is that of vartapet. He is a hieromonk or widowed priest of superior learning and ability, especially authorized to preach and teach.

1961, Donald Attwater, The Christian Churches of the East, new edition, volume 2 (Churches not in Communion with Rome), Leominster, Herefordshire: Thomas More Books, →OCLC, page 227:

Something of the structure of the school of Glajor can be inferred from the hierarchy of terms used for teachers, though one must be careful not to try to translate these into ranks of modern university professors, as Xač‘eryan has done. Lowest in the hierarchy was the rabuni or "master," a term borrowed from the Hebrew; somehow more accomplished was the rabunapet or "headmaster"; and still more distinguished was the vardapet, literally "head teacher." […] It is clear that there was a certain formality involved in the training and promotion of a person to the rank of vardapet. Mxit‘ar Goš lays down in his Law Book that a cleric could be admitted to the rank of vardapet only after he had satisfied a panel of two or three vardapets about the level of his learning, though his training might have been under just a single vardapet. The vardapet was regarded as having a special authority to teach.

1991, Avedis K. Sanjian, “The Historical Setting”, in Thomas F. Mathews and Avedis K. Sanjian; Thomas F. Mathews, editor, Armenian Gospel Iconography: The Tradition of the Glajor Gospel (Dunbarton Oaks Studies; 29), Washington, D.C.: Dunbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, ISBN 978-0-88402-183-4, page 23, column 1

Nerses's negotiations with the Byzantines were in part a show performed for the vardapets; the discussions were held at Hromgla, the patriarchal residence, not in Constantinople or some other neutral city.

2008, Christopher [Hatch] MacEvitt, “The Price of Unity: Ecumenical Negotiations and the End of Rough Tolerance”, in The Crusades and the Christian World of the East: Rough Tolerance (Middle Ages Series), Philadelphia, Pa.: University of Pennsylvania Press, →ISBN, page 167:

Armenian Apostolic Church
Armenian Apostolic Church

(Christianity) A highly educated archimandrite in the Armenian Apostolic Church tradition who holds a Doctorate in Theology.

Mkhitar Sebastatsi
San Lazzaro degli Armeni


N.

Borrowed from Latin N., or an abbreviation of name.

Which in the first place, we offer up to Thee for Thy holy Catholic Church, that it may please Thee to grant her peace, to protect, unite and govern her throughout the world, together with Thy servant N. our Pope, N. our Bishop, and all true believers and professors of the Catholic and Apostolic Faith.
Be mindful, O Lord, of Thy servants and handmaids N. and N. (the priest calls to mind the living he wants to pray for) and for all here present, whose faith and devotion are known to Thee, for whom we offer, or who offer up to Thee this sacrifice of praise for themselves and all those dear to them, for the redemption of their souls, the hope of their safety and salvation : who now pay their vows to Thee, the eternal, living and true God.

1945, The Saint Andrew Daily Missal, page 972:

℣. The continuation (or beginning) of the holy Gospel according to N.
℟. Glory be to Thee, O Lord.

1962, Roman Catholic Sunday Missal Booklet, Angelus Press, page 15:

(Christianity, liturgical, law) placeholder for a particular name to be specified


Ref.

Coordinate term: Luth.

(Christianity) Abbreviation of Reformed.


Mart.

In the Mart. of Donegal, this is the day of St. Comgall (Comhgall), placed in the Menology on the 27th June, as having no day.

1892, Richard Stanton, A Menology of England and Wales..., p. 645

(Roman Catholicism) Abbreviation of martyrology.


heavenly virtues

(Catholicism) All the cardinal virtues and theological virtues.


theological virtues

(Christianity) Virtues that are bestowed upon human beings during baptism.


apocatastatic

en-adj

apocatastatic (comparative more apocatastatic, superlative most apocatastatic)

more apocatastatic (comparative)
most apocatastatic (superlative)
apokatastatic (alternative)

(Christianity) Relating to apocatastasis.


gospel truth

en-noun

gospel truth (usually uncountable, plural gospel truths)

gospel truths (plural)
Gospel truth (alternative)

Most of the advice dished out is empty calories and often presented as the gospel truth. But there is no such thing as gospel truth because everyone's situation is unique and no one investment is right unless it is considered with an investment plan.

2008, Roland R. Manarin, “You and Money”, in Manarin on Money: A Real World Guide to Building and Maintaining Wealth, →ISBN, page 48:

Every reality and, above all this eternal one, is simply there, and that is all. Yet this gospel truth which God sent into the world is not just to be there, i. e., in existence; it is to save men, and thus the men it has saved, the living God's church, bear it as a pillar, yea as a foundation bears its superstructure.

2008, R. C. H. Lenski, “First Timothy 3:15, 16”, in Interpretation of St Paul's Epistles to Timothy, Titus, and Philemon, →ISBN, page 607:

(often Christianity) undeniable truth, such as that revealed by God


age of discretion

age of discretion (usually uncountable, plural ages of discretion)

(Roman Catholicism) Synonym of age of reason


Corpus Christi

(Christianity) A feast day in honor of the Eucharist, observed by Roman Catholics and high-church Anglicans on the Thursday after Trinity Sunday.


burning bush

(Judaism, Christianity) A biblical object described in Exodus 3:1-22, used by Yahweh to communicate with Moses.


fence the tables

en-verb

fence the tables (third-person singular simple present fences the tables, present participle fencing the tables, simple past and past participle fenced the tables)

fences the tables (present singular third-person)
fencing the tables (participle present)
fenced the tables (participle past)
fenced the tables (past)

January 19 1840, Robert Murray M'Cheyne, Memoirs
Felt great help in fencing the tables

To be the bride of Christ was the thought that filled her heart; and when, at the fencing of the table, Dr. Chrystal preached from Matthew nine and fifteen, 'Can the children of the bridechamber mourn as long as the bridegroom is with them?' it was remarked by sundry that Ailie's face was liker the countenance of an angel than of a mortal lass.

1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide:

(Scotland, Christianity, historical, idiomatic) To make a solemn address to those who present themselves to commune at the Lord's Supper, on the feelings appropriate to the service, in order to hinder, so far as possible, those who are unworthy from approaching the table.


Clean Monday

From the Old Testament reading at sext on this day, Isaiah 1:16, “Wash you, make you clean; put away the evil of your doings from before mine eyes; cease to do evil...”

Clean Monday, a holiday in Greece, marks the start of the Lenten season.

2010 February 10, New York Times, page D5:

(Christianity) The seventh Monday before Easter, (Eastern Christianity) traditionally regarded as the beginning of Lent


diriment impediment

en-noun

diriment impediment (plural diriment impediments)

(Roman Catholicism) An impediment that nullifies marriage.


troper

(Christianity) A book of tropes (phrases or verses added to the Mass when sung by a choir).


alien priory

Coordinate term: alien prior

The Plantagenet Kings[…]boldly seized the revenues of these Alien Priories in time of war between England and France.

1897, Edward Hungerford Goddard, The Wiltshire archaeological and natural history magazine:

Velemont, a Benedictine abbey, founded in 1169. Annual income ten thouſand livres. At Stratfield-Say, in Berkſhire, was an alien priory belonging to this abbey.

1779, The Critical Review: Or, Annals of Literature:

(historical, Christianity) A small religious establishment under the control of a larger monastery in another country.


little hour

[…] the principal collect was said at Terce and at the little hour immediately preceding the High Mass […]

1932, The Monastic Breviary of Hyde Abbey, Winchester, volume 6, page 205:

(Christianity) One of the canonical hours of prime, terce, sext, nones, and usually compline, the services of which are shorter and considered less important than the three major hours of matins, lauds, and vespers.


Holy Cross

From Middle English Holy Crosse, equivalent to holy + cross.

(Christianity) The historical cross on which Christ died.


Word of God

the Word of God (canonical)
God's word (alternative)

From Middle English worde of god, wurde of god, variant of Middle English godes word, Godes word (“Word of God”, literally “God's word”), from Old English Godes word (“Word of God”). Compare West Frisian Wurd fan God, Dutch Woord van God.

In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, John 1:1:

(Christianity) The Logos, or God the Son.


Russellite

When Malone next looked round he was gone. "He is one of these Second-coming fanatics," he whispered to Enid. There are a lot of them—Christadelphians, Russellites, Bible Students and what-not.

1925 July – 1926 May, A[rthur] Conan Doyle, “Which Describes an Evening in Strange Company”, in The Land of Mist (eBook no. 0601351h.html), Australia: Project Gutenberg Australia, published April 2019:

(historical, Christianity) A follower of Charles Taze Russell (1852–1916), Christian restorationist minister from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA, and founder of what is now known as the Bible Student movement.


antipapist

(Roman Catholicism) One who subscribes to antipapism.


hamartiology

Though defiant of the fundamentally substantialist approach to the problem of sin in the Augustinian tradition, Barth adopts the substantialist nomenclature of the Latin tradition and the basic grammar of Augustine's hamartiology.

2018, Shao Kai Tseng, Barth's Ontology of Sin and Grace: Variations on a Theme of Augustine, Routledge, →ISBN:

(Christianity) The theology or study of sin.


humeral veil

(Christianity) A long, narrow veil or scarf, normally of the same color and material as the vestments, worn round the shoulders by the officiating priest or attendant at Mass. It is used to protect the sacred vessels from direct contact with the hands.


bid beads

en-verb

bid beads (third-person singular simple present bids beads, present participle bidding beads, simple past bade beads, past participle bidden beads)

bids beads (present singular third-person)
bidding beads (participle present)
bade beads (past)
bidden beads (participle past)

(archaic, Catholicism) To pray with beads, in Roman Catholic fashion, distinguishing each bead by a prayer.


Doukhobor

en-noun

Doukhobor (plural Doukhobors or Doukhobortsy)

Doukhobors (plural)
Doukhobortsy (plural)
Dukhobor (alternative)

From Russian Духобор (Duxobor, “spirit wrestler”).

bor

(Christianity, historical) A member of a religious group of Russian origin who rejected the Czarist government of the late 1800s and Russian Orthodox priests, icons, and rituals, aiming to internalize the living spirit of God in each individual.


Seventh-day Adventist

en-noun

Seventh-day Adventist (plural Seventh-day Adventists)

Seventh-day Adventists (plural)
Seventh Day Adventist (alternative)
Seventh-Day Adventist (alternative)
SDA (alternative)

Seventh-day Adventist Church
Seventh-day Adventist Church

(Christianity) A member of the Seventh-day Adventist Church.


meat offering

(religion, Judaism, Christianity) An offering of food, especially of a cake made of flour with salt and oil.


New Christian

(Christianity, historical) One of the Iberian Muslims and Jews who converted to Roman Catholicism, or their known baptized descendants.


duplex querela

(Christianity, ecclesiastical law) A complaint in the nature of an appeal from the ordinary to his immediate superior, as from a bishop to an archbishop.


antigospel

en-adj

antigospel (comparative more antigospel, superlative most antigospel)

more antigospel (comparative)
most antigospel (superlative)


antibiblical

antibiblical (comparative more antibiblical, superlative most antibiblical)

more antibiblical (comparative)
most antibiblical (superlative)

(Christianity) Opposing or contradicting the Bible.


God the Father

And aboue all thynges: ye muſt geue moſte humble and hartie thankes to God the father, the ſonne, and the holy ghoſt, for the redempcion of the worlde...

1549, The booke of the common prayer and adminiſtracion of the Sacramentes, and other rites and ceremonies of the Churche: after the vſe of the Churche of England:

(Christianity theology) The person (hypostasis) of the Trinity or Godhead corresponding to the God of Abraham and the Jewish scriptures and considered the creator of mankind and Father of Jesus Christ.


Drighten

en:God the Father, within the trinitarian Abrahamic deity

(obsolete, Christianity) The Lord, God the Father.

(obsolete, Christianity) Jesus Christ, God the Son.


God the Son

The proper noun is explained by the history of Christianity; for the etymons, see god and son.

Holonyms: Trinity; God, Lord

Comeronyms: God the Father; God the Holy Spirit, God the Holy Ghost

That which were a dishonour to God the Son, were a dishonour to God the holy Ghost.

1645, G. Gillespie, Nihil Respondes, section 11:

(Christianity theology) The person (hypostasis) of the Trinity or Godhead corresponding to the Word of God, which became flesh—incarnated—in Jesus Christ, the only-begotten Son of God the Father.

Бог Син

the person of the Trinity that became flesh in Jesus Christ


God the Holy Ghost

(Christianity theology) The person (hypostasis) of the Trinity or Godhead corresponding to divine essence present in the faithful (particularly, inspired prophets) and considered to proceed either (Eastern Orthodoxy) from God the Father alone or (Roman Catholicism) from Him together with God the Son.


your Grace

Forms of address
Forms of address in the United Kingdom

(Christianity) Used in direct address to archbishops.


my Lord Bishop

Church of England
Church of England#English

(UK, Christianity) Used in direct address to 24 bishops of the Church of England comprising the Lords Spiritual, apart from the archbishops of Canterbury and York.

your Grace

to archbishops; to bishops outside British English


Paraclete

From Old French paraclit, from Late Latin paraclētus, from Ancient Greek παράκλητος (paráklētos, “one called to help, helper; comforter; protector, defender; (legal) advocate”), from παρά (pará, “beside”) + κλητός (klētós, “called, invited [one]”). The Greek term is used four times in the Gospel of John as an epithet of the Holy Spirit.

der

Apples of ashes, golden bright; / Waters of bitterness, how sweet! / O banquet of a foul delight, / Prepared by thee, dark Paraclete!

1893, Lionel Johnson, The Dark Angel, lines 33–36:

The matter of a Paraclete’s coming, the comforter, the dove; the tongues of flame, the gift of tongues: Pentecost. Third Person of the Trinity.

(Christianity) The Holy Spirit, the Holy Ghost, especially in its role as comforter of the faithful.

Свети Дух

the Holy Spirit, the Holy Ghost, especially in its role as comforter of the faithful


counsel of perfection

en-noun

counsel of perfection (plural counsels of perfection)

From Latin consilium perfectionis, Aquinas et al., from consilium in Tertullian's translation of 1 Cor. 7:25.

The main biblical foundation for this distinction between commandments and counsels of perfection is in the story of the encounter between Jesus and the rich young ruler. There, once the young man declares that he has obeyed all the commandments, Jesus tells him that if he wishes to "be perfect" he is to sell all his possessions and give the money to the poor (Matt. 19:2).

2005, Justo L. González, Essential Theological Terms, page 40:

Many of the recommendations of Jesus are aimed at those who wish to join his circle of disciples to live a rigorous life. Often they are counsels of perfection, and not aimed at ordinary believers who live their everyday life in their family, in their work, and in their prayers.

2005, Nicholas Capaldi, Business and Religion: A Clash of Civilizations?, page 137:

(Christianity) Advice as to a means of striving for moral perfection.

There are many counsels of perfection. The frequent and fervent reception of the Sacraments is a counsel of perfection, and one of the principal of attaining perfection—Confession producing purity of soul, and Holy Communion a closer union between the soul and His Divine majesty.

1874, Herbert, Bishop of Salford, “Preface”, in On The Choice of a State of Life, by the late Bishop of Bruges, page xix:

The Counsels of Perfection are three in number, viz., POVERTY, CHASTITY, and OBEDIENCE. They are termed 'counsels' as distinguished from the divine 'precepts', the fulfilment of which is universally necessary to salvation.

1893, Vernon Staley, The Catholic Religion, Unabridged Edition: A Manual for, published 2007, page 248:

(Christianity, specifically) Any of the virtues of obedience, chastity, and charity, or other ascetic practices, especially in monastic vows.


Borromean

en-adj

Borromean (comparative more Borromean, superlative most Borromean)

more Borromean (comparative)
most Borromean (superlative)

/bɒɹəˈmiːən/

(Roman Catholicism) of or relating to Saint Charles Borromeo or any religious orders or institutions that trace their origin to him


crown of thorns

en-noun

crown of thorns (plural crowns of thorns)

/ˌkɹaʊn əv ˈθɔːnz/

Calque of Latin spinea corona, itself a calque of Hellenistic Ancient Greek ἀκάνθινος στέφανος (akánthinos stéphanos).

der

ἀκάνθινος στέφανος

(Christianity) The crown made of a thorny plant that Christ was forced to wear before his Crucifixion, in mocking reference to his alleged status as ‘king of the Jews’, or a representation of this.


CLE

(Philippines, Christianity, education) Initialism of Christian Living Education.


hedge sermon

Calque of Dutch hagenpreek, from hage (“hedge”) + preek (“sermon”).

Fearing an escalation of the unrest, the city administrators made some important concessions to the Protestants: the Catholic churches were closed after the removal of all religious images; the Calvinists were permitted to hold their hedge sermons, albeit only outside the city […].

1999, Geert Mak; Philipp Blom, transl., Amsterdam: A Brief Life of the City, London: Harvill Press, ISBN 978-1-86046-598-7; republished London: Vintage Books, 2001, ISBN 978-1-86046-789-9, page 82

The first so-called hedge sermon was held in the cemetery of Boeschepe in the always turbulent Flemish Westkwartier on Sunday morning, July 12, timed to coincide with mass.

2008, Peter J. Arnade, Beggars, Iconoclasts, and Civic Patriots: The Political Culture of the Dutch Revolt, Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, →ISBN, page 71:

Even after the iconoclasm that began on 10 August, many in the Netherlands hoped to see freedom of worship for all, without public violence, hedge-sermons, or the burning of heretics.

2008, James D[onald] Tracey, The Founding of the Dutch Republic: War, Finance, and Politics in Holland, 1572–1588, Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN:

(Christianity, historical) An open-air religious service held by Calvinists in the Low Countries during the Reformation, typically in rural areas beyond the reach of civic authorities.


Blackloism

(Roman Catholicism, historical) The beliefs of the Blackloists.


Blackloist

From Blackloe + -ist, from the alias of Thomas White (1593–1676), an influential member of the group.

(Roman Catholicism, historical) One of a school of dissident English Roman Catholics in the 17th–18th centuries, opposed to ultramontanism and advocating obedience to secular authorities and dogmatic views similar to Jansenism.


good work

[E]verlasting life . . . must be a righteous and just life; a loving and merciful life; for God is righteous, just, loving, merciful; and more, it must be an useful life, a life of good works.

1859, Charles Kingsley, chapter 3, in The Good News of God:

"Truth, sir, is that which can never pass away; the Truth of Life is Good Works, which abide everlastingly."

1910, Jeffery Farnol, chapter 27, in The Broad Highway:

"The church's teaching has evolved," Walsh says. "Part of indulgences is not just saying special prayers, but also doing good works."

2009 February 22, Bonnie Rochman, “Why Catholic Indulgences Are Making a Comeback”, in Time, retrieved 2014-08-15:

(Christianity, chiefly in the plural) A person's beneficent action or deed, especially one of a charitable nature that advances one's progress toward salvation.


orature

From Scots oratur, orature, a variant of oratour, oritour, from Middle English oritore, a variant of ōrātōrī, ōrātōrīe (“room or other place for prayer or private study; chapel, church, temple; shrine”), from Old French oratur, orator, oratore, oratori, oratour (modern French oratoire (“oratory; oratorical”)), from Latin ōrātōrium, from ōrātōrius (“oratorical”), from ōrātor (“orator, speaker”) (from ōrō (“to deliver a speech, orate”), from ōs (“mouth”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óh₃s (“mouth”)) + -ius (suffix forming adjectives from nouns).

/ˈɔɹəˌt͡ʃʊ(ə)ɹ/

This bishop was ane wyse and godlie man, and answered the king in this maner, as after follows, saying, “Sir, I beseech your Grace, that ye take a little meat to refresh you, and I will passe to my orature and pray to God for you, and the commonwealth of this realme and cuntrie.[”]

16th century, Robert Lindsay of Pitscottie, edited by John Graham Dalyell, The Cronicles of Scotland, … Published from Several Old Manuscripts, volume I, Edinburgh: Printed by George Ramsay and Company, for Archibald Constable and Company, […]; London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, published 1814, →OCLC, footnote, page 128:

Yet nertheleſſe within mine orature / I ſtode, whan Titan had his bemis bright / Withdrawin doun, and ſcylid undir cure, / And faire Venus the beaute of the night, / Upraiſe, and ſette unto the weſte ful right […]

1793, [Robert Henryson], “[Troilus & Creseide.] Testament of Faire Creseide.”, in The Poetical Works of Geoffrey Chaucer, [...] To which is Prefixed the Life of the Author, Edinburgh: Printed by Mundell and Son, […], →OCLC; republished in Robert Anderson, editor, A Complete Edition of the Poets of Great Britain, volume I (Containing Chaucer, Surrey, Wyatt & Sackville), London: Printed for Iohn & Arthur Arch, […]; and for Bell & Bradfute & I. Mundell & Co. […], 1795, →OCLC, page 409:

The author [of the poem Testament of Faire Creseide, Robert Henryson] has conceived in a very poetical manner his description of the season in which he supposes himself to have written this dolorous tragedy. The sun was in Aries; his setting was ushered in with furious storms of hail; the cold was biting and intense; and the poet sat in a solitary little building which he calls his "orature." [footnote: oratory.]

1804, William Godwin, “Sequel to Troilus and Creseide by Robert Henryson.—Tragedy of Shakepear on the Subject.”, in Life of Geoffrey Chaucer, the Early English Poet: […] In Four Volumes, 2nd edition, volume I, London: Printed by T[homas] Davison, […]; for Richard Phillips, […], →OCLC, pages 489–490:

(Scotland, chiefly Christianity, archaic) Variant of oratour (“a small room or chapel used for prayer and worship, or for private study; an oratory”).


Logos

Fjala

(Christianity) the word of God as incarnate

(Christianity) The Word of God, which itself has creative power; a hypostasis associated with divine wisdom.

(Christianity) The Word of God as incarnate in Jesus Christ, or as identified with the second person of the Trinity; Jesus; God the Son; Word of God.


Cainite

(Judaism, Christianity) A descendant of Cain.


Saint John

(Christianity) Any of the saints named John (including John the Baptist).


autosoterism

(chiefly Christianity) The belief that salvation is attained through oneself and not an external agency.


anhypostatic

(theology, Christianity) Not hypostatic.


Ordinary Time

(Christianity) A season of the Christian liturgical calendar, celebrated in two segments: from the Monday following the baptism of Jesus Christ up to Ash Wednesday; and from Pentecost Monday to the first Sunday of Advent.


paideia

From Ancient Greek παιδείᾱ (paideíā, “rearing of a child, education”), from παιδεύω (paideúō, “rear a child”) + -ίᾱ (-íā), from παῖς (paîs, “child”).

suffix

(Early Christianity, historical, education) An early model of Christian higher learning having theology as its chief subject.


clarissa

Borrowed from Italian clarissa, from Medieval Latin Clarissa; see there for more. Doublet of Clarisse, Clare, and Clarist.

[…] all these obscene references of a sexual nature punctuate the ritualistic prodigality of the Northeast and its winter cycle, and if in the main popular qualification of the character of the clarissa nun called Maria Ermelinda Correia, the composer of the sweet in the mouth of the people, as an expression of her overblown greediness.

2020, Richardo Ferreira de Almeida et al., “Popular Sweets in Douro Valley”, in Advances in Tourism, Technology, and Systems, page 188:

(Catholicism) Alternative letter-case form of Clarissa: a nun of the Order of Saint Clare.


Marianist

And Catholic Marianists, for their part, have looked for ultimate authority instead in the miraculous realm of mystical visions and end-time prophecy. Mainly because of their passionate commitment to anti-abortion activism, Catholic conservatives have thus far wielded a far greater public presence than either separatists or Marianists.

1999, Michael W. Cuneo, The Smoke of Satan, JHU Press, →ISBN, page 179:

(Roman Catholicism) A member of the Society of Mary, a congregation of Roman Catholic brothers and priests who look to the Virgin Mary as a model of faith and spirituality.


Ancient of Days

Calque of Biblical Hebrew עַתִּ֤יק יֽוֹמַיָּא֙.

cal

עַתִּ֤יק יֽוֹמַיָּא֙

I saw in the night visions, and behold, one like the sonne of man, came with the clouds of heauen, and came to the Ancient of daies, and they brought him neere before him. And there was giuen him dominion and glory, and a kingdome, that all people, nations, and languages should serue him: his dominion is an euerlasting dominion, which shall not passe away; and his kingdome that, which shall not be destroyed.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Daniel 7:13-14:

shall wee then receiue an accusation against the Ancient of daies, the Lord himselfe vpon Sathans word, a knowne and detected deceiuer?

1618, Daniel Dyke, “Michael and the dragon, or Christ tempted and Sathan foyled”, in Two Treatises. The one, Of Repentance: the other, Of Christs Temptations, London: Edward Griffin, page 242:

The first is true: all under the first is obnoxious to error; the puisne posthumous antiquity hath been a refuge for falsehood: the primigenous antiquity, which proceeded from the Ancient of Days, is certain.

1641, Joseph Hall, A Short Answer to the Vindication of Smectymnuus:

(Christianity, biblical) God, as the One who existed before the beginning of time.


evangelical counsels

en-noun

evangelical counsels pl (normally plural, singular evangelical counsel)

(Christianity) Chastity, poverty (or perfect charity), and obedience, given by Jesus of Nazareth in the Canonical gospels as advice for those who desire to become perfect.


eternal sin

Blasphemy against the Holy Spirit is an eternal sin.

(Christianity) The sin which is unpardonable by God and therefore make salvation impossible.


fivefold ministry

(Christianity) The Charismatic and Evangelical Christian belief that five offices mentioned in Ephesians 4:11, namely those of apostles, prophets, evangelists, pastors (or "shepherds") and teachers, remain active and valid offices in the contemporary church.


Desposyni

From Ancient Greek δεσπόσυνοι (despósunoi), plural of δεσπόσυνος (despósunos, “belonging to the master or lord”).

The term Desposyni in Greek means 'Heir of the Lord', but seems to have been invented after the crucifixion of Jesus and relates specifically to those who were of the direct descent of Jesus or blood related through his mother. […] According to Father Martin, the Jerusalem Church only referred to direct descendants of Jesus as Desposyni, and they became known by this title throughout the Roman Empire.

2012, Miles Augustus Navarr, Forbidden Theology: Origin of Scriptural God, page 108:

(Christianity) Those people in the same family descent as Jesus Christ.


New Commandment

(Christianity) Jesus Christ's exhortation to "love one another", part of the final instructions given to his disciples after the Last Supper.


New Covenant

(Christianity) An interpretation of the Bible, originally derived from a phrase in the Book of Jeremiah, and often thought of as an eschatological Messianic Age or world to come.


God-fearer

God-fearers (plural)
Godfearer (alternative)

(historical, Christianity) A member of a class of non-Jewish sympathizers to Second Temple Judaism, mentioned in the New Testament and other contemporary sources.


Great Apostasy

(Christianity) The supposed fallen state of traditional Christianity, especially the Roman Catholic Church, as a result of tolerating the Greco-Roman mysteries and deities of solar monism.


Great Schism

Eastern Orthodox Church
Eastern Orthodox Church

Roman Catholic Church
Roman Catholic Church

(Christianity, historical) The split between the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church in 1054.

(Christianity, historical) A split within the Roman Catholic Church that lasted from 1378 to 1417.


Great Commission

(Christianity) The instruction of the resurrected Jesus Christ to his disciples that they spread his teachings to all the nations of the world.


invination

(Christianity) The actual, substantial presence of the blood of Christ with the wine of the sacrament of the Lord's Supper.


Stylites

Representing the Latin Stȳlītēs and/or the Ancient Greek Στῡλῑ́της (Stūlī́tēs) in saints’ epithets borrowed or adapted in toto from those languages.

(Christianity) an epithet of several saints revered as stylites


parabolanus

In the quarrel between Cyril and Orestes, A.D. 416, the parabolani, zealously espousing the cause of their bishop, threw the city of Alexandria into such confusion that the inhabitants despatched an envoy to Theodosius II., begging him to issue a prohibition for the bishop to leave Alexandria, as his was the only authority by which their violence could be checked.

1880, Sir William Smith, A Dictionary of Christian Antiquities, volume 3, page 1551:

(historical, Christianity) In the early Eastern Church, a lay assistant to the clergy for tending the sick.


cenobiarch

cenobiarches (plural)
coenobiarch (alternative)
cœnobiarch (alternative)

Simplification of coenobiarch, from Latin coenobiarcha (“abbot”), from Koine Greek κοινοβιάρχης (koinobiárkhēs, “abbot”), from κοινόβιον (koinóbion, “cenobium, monastery”) + ἀρχή (arkhḗ, “rule”) + -ης (-ēs).

der

κοινοβιάρχης

(often Christianity, chiefly Eastern Orthodoxy) The leader of a cenobium: an abbot, a guru.


Akedah

From Hebrew עֲקֵדָה (aqedá, “the binding of Isaac”, literally “binding”).

bor

Many medieval Jewish communities saw themselves as re-enacting the drama of the Akedah without the redemptive ending.

2001, David L. Lieber, Jules Harlow, Etz Hayim: Torah and Commentary, page 118:

(Christianity, Judaism) The Binding of Isaac.


archconfraternity

/ˌɑː(ɹ)t͡ʃˌkɒnfɹəˈtɜː(ɹ)nɪti/

From arch- + confraternity, calque of Ecclesiastical Latin archiconfrāternitās.

calque

(Roman Catholicism) A religious confraternity that, as a special concession of the Holy See, can join or affiliate with, and extend privileges to, other similar brotherhoods.

arciconfraternita

religious confraternity that can join with and extend privileges to other similar brotherhoods


manteletta

(Roman Catholicism) A long silk or woollen vestment, fastened in front, with a low collar and no sleeves, worn by cardinals, bishops, abbots, and the prelates of the Roman court.


Nunc dimittis

Named after its incipit, Latin nunc dimittis (literally “now you dismiss”).

bor

(Christianity, music) A canticle from a text in the second chapter of Luke in the Bible, often used as the final song in a religious service.


Talmudism

(chiefly Christianity, derogatory) Rabbinic Judaism (used by some to imply that post-Christian Judaism is an aberration from pre-Christian Judaism)


cross oneself

en-verb

cross oneself (third-person singular simple present crosses oneself, present participle crossing oneself, simple past and past participle crossed oneself)

crosses oneself (present singular third-person)
crossing oneself (participle present)
crossed oneself (participle past)
crossed oneself (past)

(Christianity) To make the sign of the cross.


Alb Sunday

From Ecclesiastical Latin Dominica in Albīs, itself a contraction of Dominica in Albīs dēpōnendīs or dēpositīs, “Sunday for putting away the white things”, so called because, in the early church, those who had been baptized on Easter eve laid aside on the following Saturday their white albs which had been put on after baptism.

(Christianity) The first Sunday after Easter Sunday.


sinner's prayer

en-noun

sinner's prayer (plural sinners' prayers)

(Christianity) A prayer of repentance sometimes spoken by those wishing to convert to Christianity.


decision theology

(Christianity) A theology that stresses the importance of the decision to become a Christian for salvation. Often this decision takes the form of the sinner's prayer.


autocephality

The Macedonian Orthodox Church is struggling for the recognition of its autocephality by the other Orthodox Churches.

2011, Ina Merdjanova, Patrice Brodeur, Religion as a Conversation Starter: Interreligious Dialog for Peacebuilding in the Balkans, →ISBN, page 1916:

(Christianity) The right of autonomy for a church; specifically, the right to resolve all internal problems on its own authority and to appoint its own bishops, including the head of the church, without any obligatory expression of dependence on another church.


quindene

From Medieval Latin quindena, from Latin quīndēnī (“15 each”), from the distributive form of quīndecim (“15”). It is used for a period of 14 days owing to the Roman and medieval practice of counting inclusively.

(chiefly Christianity) The 14th day after a festival.

(chiefly Christianity) The 14-day period between the festival and the quindene.


Lukan

en-adj

Lukan (comparative more Lukan, superlative most Lukan)

more Lukan (comparative)
most Lukan (superlative)
Lucan (alternative)

In the structure of this rite (details of which varied from church to church), it is easy to discern the lineaments of the Lucan sequence of repentance, baptism, and laying-on of hands (though neither Tertullian nor Hippolytus is at any pains, as Luke apparently was, to separate the gift of the Spirit from the baptism proper).

1985, Williston Walker et al., A History of the Christian Church, 4th edition, page 107:

(Christianity) Relating to Luke the Evangelist or to Luke-Acts.


Apollinarism

From Apollinaris of Laodicea, who taught this theology, + -ism.

(Christianity theology) The Christological theology that Jesus's mind was only divine and not human, condemned as a heresy at the First Council of Constantinople.

apollinarismi

the doctrine that Jesus’s mind was only divine and not human


material heresy

en-noun

material heresy (plural material heresies)

Calque of Ecclesiastical Latin haeresis māteriālis.

calque

Coordinate term: formal heresy

(Roman Catholicism) An opinion that is objectively contradictory to the teachings of the Church, and as such heretical, but which is uttered by a person without the subjective knowledge of it being so.


Stundism

(Protestantism) The beliefs and practices of the Stundists.


only-begotten

From Middle English oonlybigeten, equivalent to only + begotten. Compare also Middle English only geten, oonly geten (“only-begotten”, literally “only-gotten”) and Middle English onbygoten, oon be-gotyn, one bygeten, oon bigetun, oon bigeten (“only-begotten”, literally “one-begotten”). Calque of Latin ūnigenitus, itself a calque of Ancient Greek μονογενής (monogenḗs).

Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed
And [we believe] in one Lord Jesus Christ, the only-begotten Son of God.

(Christianity theology) One of the attributes of Jesus Christ, the only-begotten Son of God the Father.


credobaptism

From Latin credo (“I believe”) + baptism.

(Christianity) Practice of the credobaptists; belief that baptism is only to be administered to those who profess their faith.


Metatron

From Hebrew מְטַטְרוֹן (Məṭaṭrôn), whose origin is obscure. Possibly from Hebrew מטרא (mattara) 'keeper of the watch.' The Greek/Latin form superficially appears to be a Greek compound meta-τρον (-tron), but that would not seem to make much sense semantically, meaning something like "among-tool." It has also been proposed that the Hebrew word actually does in turn originate from Greek, coming from μετά + θρόνος, with the "th" being transformed into a "t" as the word was repeatedly taken up by one language from another. A review by Hekhalot lists these two possibilities plus seven more.

bor

Hebrew מְטַטְרוֹן (Məṭaṭrôn)

(Christianity, Judaism) An archangel and the chancellor of Heaven and the scribe of the book of life, in Christian and Jewish folklore. According to medieval apocrypha, he is Enoch, ancestor of Noah, transformed into an angel.


Azazel

From Hebrew עֲזָאזֵל (azazél, “Azazel, cliff from which the scapegoat was sent to its death”), Arabic عَزَازِيل (ʕazāzīl).

der

Arabic عَزَازِيل (ʕazāzīl)

Then strait commands that at the warlike sound / Of Trumpets loud and Clarions be upreard / His mighty Standard ; that proud honour claim'd / Azazel as his right, a Cherub tall:

1674, John Milton, “Book I”, in Paradise Lost. […], 2nd edition, London: […] S[amuel] Simmons […], →OCLC, lines 531–535:

(Judaism, Christianity) A fallen angel in some traditions of Judaism and Christianity.


Berean

From Berea + -an. Protestants adopted the name in reference to the Bible, Acts 17: "These [Berea] were more noble than those in Thessalonica in that they received the word with all readiness of mind and searched the scriptures daily whether those things were so."

Even ſo, although many things herein contained, may be counted rediculous or erroneous; Yet courteous Reader, let me deſire thee to prove thy ſelf a Berean in this matter, Search the Scripture, and ſee whether it be ſo or not.

1663, Samuel Bradley, The Afflicted and Retired Mans Meditations, Concerning the Excellency of the Spirit, London:

Once again, this^([sic – meaning this is]) a case where being a Berean would clear up a lot of confusion. I once heard another WOF teacher, Andrew Wommack, teaching the same thing, and then going on to say that Isaac was conceived because Abraham's faith-filled words spoke him into existence. You will have an impossible task supporting this with scripture, yet most WOF teachers repeat this falsehood as if it were common knowledge.

2018, Daniel Plunkett, Learn to Discern: Recognizing False Teachings In the Christian Church Today, Cambridge, Ohio: Christian Publishing House, →ISBN, page 30:

(Christianity) Someone who is meticulous in the study of the Scriptures.


Berean

en-adj

Berean (comparative more Berean, superlative most Berean)

more Berean (comparative)
most Berean (superlative)

The evangelical Church of America is not rationalistic. It is becoming more Berean, not accepting the dicta of theologians, but searching the Scriptures.

1880, W. H. Maynard, “The American Church and Our Heterogeneous Population”, in The Baptist Review, volume 2, number 5, page 148:

Crowds of men all over the land are flocking into adult Bible classes. This is a sign of nobility. This is the Berean way.

1909 July 16, William H. Ridgway, “Iron Rose Bible Class”, in The Hamilton Spectator, page 13:

Lately however, this disturbance in my spirit has been enough of a concern to awaken a more Berean attitude.

1998 February 6, Dale Ogilvie, “May women teach in the church?”, in soc.religion.christian.bible-study (Usenet):

By helping a congregation grow in their understanding of the ways in which the arguments and theology of the New Testament are dependent upon an understanding of the Old Testament, a pastor or preacher may both demonstrate a personal love and passion for the Old Testament as the Bible of the authors of the New Testament and develop such a love and passion in the church that it becomes more “Berean” and less likely to fall into Marcionite ways of thinking.

2006, Roy E. Ciampa, “Toward the Effective Preaching of New Testament Texts That Cite the Old Testament”, in Scott M. Gibson, editor, Preaching the Old Testament, Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Books, →ISBN:

(Christianity) Meticulous in the study of the Scriptures.


kliros

(Christianity) The section of an Eastern Orthodox or Eastern Catholic church dedicated to the choir.


mother church

From an association of spiritual comfort and hierarchy with familial relationships, probably originally as a calque of similar expressions in other languages, especially 2nd-century Latin mater ecclesia (“mother church”) and 12th-century Old French mere eglise (“mother church”).

Catholics regard Mary as Mother of the Church but an all-male hierarchy as the Mother Church.

(Christianity) The Church regarded as nourishing and protecting its members.

Mothering Sunday arose from the custom of visiting mother churches at Mid-Lent, rather than the usual parish church.

(Christianity) A church with oversight over another or others, now especially a cathedral or metropolitan church.

The mother church of Christian Scientists is in Boston, Massachusetts.

(Christianity) The original church of a denomination, regarded as having birthed the others.

The Church of England is the mother church of Anglicans around the world.

Not Rome, but Ierusalem should be the Mother Church.

1667, Matthew Poole, Dialogue between a Popish Priest & an English Protestant, page 35:

Puritanism is the mother church of Western democracy.

1908 February, P.T. Forsyth, Contemporary Review, page 159:

(Christianity) The original denomination or community of believers from which other denominations and communities of believers sprang.


Apostolic Age

(Christianity) The period of the Twelve Apostles, dating from the Great Commission of the Apostles by the resurrected Jesus in Jerusalem (c. 33 AD), until the death of the last Apostle, believed to be John the Apostle in Anatolia (c. 100 AD).


sola scriptura

Latin ablative, sōlā scrīptūrā, meaning "by Scripture alone".

(Christianity) The Protestant Christian doctrine that the Bible is the supreme authority in all matters of doctrine and practice.


kiss of peace

(Christianity) An early Christian greeting consisting of a kiss, originally on the mouth but later on the cheek, still used in some traditional churches.


day of days

The residents skirting the line of the Harlem Railroad as far as Croton Falls, were not a little annoyed, last Sunday, by numerous cheap excursion trains. . . . [W]e doubt whether the law gave being to a great corporation for the purpose of tempting men from their homes on the Day of days.

1863 June 7, “To the Editor: Sunday Railway Excursions”, in New York Times, retrieved 2015-07-09:

To be sure, Christians celebrate the Resurrection of Christ every Sunday, but there is a special place for the celebration we call Easter. It should be approached as the Day of Days.

2009, Charles G. Fuller, Give Him Time, →ISBN, page 107:

(Christianity, sometimes capitalized) Sunday, especially Easter Sunday.


bless oneself

en-verb

bless oneself (third-person singular simple present blesses oneself, present participle blessing oneself, simple past and past participle blessed oneself)

blesses oneself (present singular third-person)
blessing oneself (participle present)
blessed oneself (participle past)
blessed oneself (past)

(Christianity) To make the sign of the cross.


prozymite

prozymites (plural)
Prozymite (alternative)

Borrowed from German Prozymit, from Medieval Latin prozymīta, from Byzantine Greek προζυμίτης (prozumítēs), from Ancient Greek προζύμιον (prozúmion, “leaven”) + -ῑ́της (-ī́tēs, suffix forming masculine nouns meaning being connected to or a member of something, or coming from a particular place). προζύμιον is derived from προ- (pro-, suffix meaning ‘before, in front’) + ζύμη (zúmē, “leaven, yeast”) + -ιον (-ion, suffix forming nouns). The English word is analysable as, by surface analysis, pro- + zym- + -ite.

der

Whosever shall obstinately blame the faith of the Holy See of Rome and its sacrifices, let him be anathema, and let him not be deemed Catholic, but a prozymite heretic, that is to say, Defender of the Leaven.

1867, [Alexis-François] Artaud de Montor, “153. St. Leo IX.—a.d. 1049.”, in [William Hayes] Neligan, editor, The Lives and Times of the Roman Pontiffs, from St. Peter to Pius IX. … Translated from the French, New York, N.Y.: Published by D[enis] & J[ames] Sadlier & Co., […], →OCLC, pages 284–285:

The inclusion not only of [Michael I] Cerularius, but of all his followers, and the denunciation of the Greeks as prozymite heretics, does look like a condemnation of the whole Byzantine church until it should change its practices.

1989, Colin Morris, “Greeks and Saracens”, in The Papal Monarchy: The Western Church from 1050 to 1250 (Oxford History of the Christian Church), Oxford: Clarendon Press, published 2001, →ISBN, part I (The Papal Reform Movement and the Conflict with the Empire (c. 1046–1122), page 139:

For example, Greeks using leavened bread for the consecration, were in opposition with the unleavened bread of the Latin Church, and stigmatised as fermentarians or prozymites.

2014, Hara Procopiou, “Barley Meal Processing in the Aegean World: A Look at Diversity”, in Annelou van Gijn, John C. Whittaker, Patricia C. Anderson, editors, Exploring and Explaining Diversity in Agricultural Technology (Early Agricultural Remnants and Technical Heritage (EARTH); 2), Oxford, Havertown, Pa.: Oxbow Books, →ISBN, section 2 (The Agricultural Process: Tools and Techniques in Cultural Context):

(Roman Catholicism, historical, derogatory) One who administers the Eucharist with leavened bread, in particular a member of the Eastern Orthodox Church.

Prozymit

one who administers the Eucharist with leavened bread


Paulinize

en-verb

Paulinize (third-person singular simple present Paulinizes, present participle Paulinizing, simple past and past participle Paulinized)

Paulinizes (present singular third-person)
Paulinizing (participle present)
Paulinized (participle past)
Paulinized (past)

(transitive, Christianity, theology) To cause to conform with the writings or doctrines of the Apostle Paul.


Petrinize

Petrinize (third-person singular simple present Petrinizes, present participle Petrinizing, simple past and past participle Petrinized)

Petrinizes (present singular third-person)
Petrinizing (participle present)
Petrinized (participle past)
Petrinized (past)

(transitive, Christianity, theology) To cause to conform with the writings or doctrines of Saint Peter.


syncellus

From Latin syncellus, from Ancient Greek σύγκελλος (súnkellos).

(Christianity) One who holds an office in an Eastern Catholic or Orthodox Church roughly equivalent to that of an episcopal vicar in the Roman Catholic Church.


gospellike

en-adj

gospellike (comparative more gospellike, superlative most gospellike)

more gospellike (comparative)
most gospellike (superlative)
gospel-like (alternative)

(Christianity) Like a proper Christian; according to the gospel.


communer

Namely, in these things, in prohibiting that none should commune alone, in making the people whole communers, or in suffering them to commune under both kinds […]

1679–1715, Gilbert Burnet, “(please specify the page)”, in The History of the Reformation of the Church of England., London: […] T[homas] H[odgkin] for Richard Chiswell, […]:

(Christianity, obsolete) One who receives communion.


Kingdomtide

From kingdom + -tide, from the Festival of Christ the King that culminates the season.

(Protestantism) The period or season of the Christian church year between the seasons of Pentecost and Advent, or the second half of this period.


acolytate

Secondly, only men are eligible to be "installed" or "instituted" in the lay ministries of lector and acolyte (c.230 §1). These two ministries used to be among the “minor orders,” but Pope Paul VI suppressed the minor orders and established the lectorate and acolytate as lay ministries in 1972; since that time, lay men—and only men—may be installed (or instituted) as lectors and acolytes (c.230 §1).

2016, Marie Failinger, Feminism, Law, and Religion, page 352:

(Catholicism) The minor order of acolytes.


cross bearer

cross bearers (plural)
crossbearer (alternative)
cross-bearer (alternative)

He was at the head of a splendid train of religious, civil and military men, mingled together, or, as the old ballad maker expresses it,
"With many a cross bearer before,
And many a spear behind."

1823, Sir Walter Scott, chapter 18, in Quentin Durward:

Behind the verger walked a cross-bearer, the Canterbury choristers and seven decrepit beadsmen. Behind the decrepit beadsmen came a long array of Canterbury canons, chaplains and dignitaries in all their robes, followed by pages carrying the maces of Canterbury and York and the cross of Canterbury.

1942 May 4, “Religion: Canterbury Pilgrim”, in Time, retrieved 2015-10-28:

There were three main processions which were led by a cross bearer.

2014 April 18, Andrew Bloss, “Crucifixion re-enacted in Croydon on Good Friday”, in Your Local Guardian, UK, retrieved 2015-10-28:

(Christianity) A person who carries a cross in a Christian religious procession.


watchnight

watchnights (plural)
watch night (alternative)
Watch Night (alternative)
watch-night (alternative)

New Year's Eve

whereas watch night is the night that begins at sundown on New Year's Eve and ends with sunrise on New Year's Day

not identical to watchnight – New Year's Eve is the entire day before New Year's Day

The ſpiritual concerns, ſhall be managed by the preachers; who have ever appointed leaders, choſen ſtewards, and admitted members into, and expelled them, from the ſociety, conſulting their brethren the leaders and ſtewards, according to the rules before mentioned. The preachers alſo as hitherto, are to appoint love-feaſts, and watch-nights, and to vary the time and places of preaching, claſs-meeting, &c.

1779, John Wesley, Minutes of Several Conversations, between the Rev. John Wesley, A.M. and the Preachers in Connection with Him. Containing the Form of Discipline Established Among the Preachers and People in the Methodist Societies, London: Printed for G[eorge] Whit[e]field, City-Road, and sold at all the Methodist preaching-houses, in town and country, →OCLC, pages 51–52:

We offer no apology for the Methodist watchnight service. It needs none. In the first days of Methodism, indeed, this service was misrepresented and reviled by those who sought occasion against us; […] The Wesleyan watchnight dates from the earliest times of the United Societies. We have this account of its origin by [William] Myles, in his "Chronological History:"—"The custom was begun at Kingswood by the colliers there, who, before their conversion, used to spend every Saturday-night at the ale-house. After they were taught better, they spent that night in prayer. Mr. [John] Wesley, hearing of it, ordered it first to be once a month, at the full of the moon; then once a quarter, and recommended it to all his Societies."

1861 December, John Reacher, “The End of the Year, and its Watchnight”, in The Christian Miscellany, and Family Visiter. For the Year 1861, volume VII, 2nd series, London: Published by John Mason, 27, City-Road; sold at 66, Paternoster Row, →OCLC, page 370:

[Joseph] Pilmore conducted the first watchnight in Virginia, lasting from 8:00 p.m. until midnight, on Sunday, April 25, 1773. Like the love-feast, the watchnight often formed one of the more public features of the quarterly meetings […]

1976, Frank Baker, From Wesley to Asbury: Studies in Early American Methodism, Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, →ISBN:

Watchnights were further times of prayer and witness, late into the night, and modelled by Wesley on the vigils of feasts in the primitive church.

1983, R. W. Gribben, “Methodism”, in Gordon S. Wakefield, editor, The SCM Dictionary of Christian Spirituality, SCM Press, →ISBN, page 266:

The practice actually began with the Moravians, a small Christian denomination, in Europe. Scholars believe that the first Watch Night service was held in 1733 on the estate of a German count. John Wesley, the founder of Methodism, incorporated the Watch Night service into his denomination, where it took root. These early Watch Night services were not New Year's Eve events, however. They were held once a month and on full moons. The first Watch Night service in the United States was held in 1770 at Old St. George's Church in Philadelphia.

2010, John J. Dunphy, From Christmas to Twelfth Night in Southern Illinois, Charleston, S.C.: The History Press, →ISBN, page 112:

(Christianity, historical) A monthly or quarterly religious service participated in by Methodists which extended past midnight.

And there is one night in the year I have always observed – the good old Methodist vigil called Watch-night, popularly described as "seeing the old year out and the new year in." […] I have only been a Methodist once a year; and peculiar, accordingly, have my watch-night emotions been. There stands the old portico in —— street; can it be a year since I ascended those steps? These are the aisles, the columns, the pulpit, the recess with its inscriptions, the Christmas evergreens yet fresh over the Communion Table – silent preachers all, that seem to say: "You and I are a year older, friend; but we have seen more watch-nights than you, and are likely to see more yet;[…]["]

1861, “Watch-night in the Channel”, in The Sunday at Home: A Family Magazine for Sabbath Reading, London: The Religious Tract Society, →OCLC, page 260:

This was the first watchnight meeting among the Methodists. The people met at half-past eight; the house was filled from end to end; and "we concluded the year," says [John] Wesley, "wrestling with God in prayer, and praising Him for the wonderful work which He had already wrought upon the earth."

1872, L[uke] Tyerman, The Life and Times of the Rev. John Wesley, M.A., Founder of the Methodists. … In Three Volumes, volume I, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, →OCLC, page 333:

Wesleyan Methodist Twentieth Century Celebration: Order of Watchnight Service to be Held in Every Wesleyan-Methodist Place of Worship in Great Britain on the Night of Monday, 31st December, 1900, Being the Last Night of the Nineteenth Century

[1900], Wesleyan Methodist Twentieth Century Celebration, London, Aylesbury: Hazell, Watson and Viney, →OCLC, cover title:

The first watch night services ever held in Grace Protestant Episcopal Church were but poorly attended, […]

1901 January 1, “Watch Night Services”, in The New York Times, page 2:

Watchnight. December 31 This is a midnight service that summarizes the past year. In recent centuries, the Moravians and early Methodists have celebrated it as a vigil service focusing on newness, the spiritual life, and covenants.

1999, R. Mark Liebenow, And Everyone Shall Praise: Resources for Multicultural Worship, Cleveland, Oh.: United Church Press, →ISBN, page 77:

(Christianity) A religious service involving a review of the past year and preparation for the year ahead participated in by Methodists and members of other Christian denominations which starts late on New Year's Eve and ends after midnight on New Year's Day; hence, the night that begins on December 31 and ends on January 1.


Sosipater

From Ecclesiastical Latin Sōsipater, from Ancient Greek Σωσῐ́πᾰτρος (Sōsĭ́pătros), from σῴζω (sṓizō, “save”) + πᾰτήρ (pătḗr, “father”), literally “savior of the father.” The second element takes its form from the native Latin pater (“father”).

compound

(Christianity) A person mentioned in Romans 16:21. Perhaps the same person as Sopater


Barabbas

Borrowed from Latin Barabbās, from Ancient Greek Βαραββᾶς (Barabbâs), from Aramaic בּר אַבָּא (bar ʾabbā, “son of the father”).

der

And there was one named Barabbas, which lay bound with them that had made inſurrection with him, who had committed murder in the inſurrection.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Mark 15:7:

(Christianity) In the accounts of the Passion of Christ, an insurrectionary whom Pontius Pilate freed at the Passover feast in Jerusalem, instead of Jesus.

Barrabàs

insurrectionary whom Pontius Pilate freed instead of releasing Jesus


papisher

(archaic, religious slur, Christianity) A Roman Catholic; a papist.


nouthetic

From Ancient Greek νουθετέω (nouthetéō, “to admonish”).

(Christianity) Being or relating to a form of Evangelical Protestant pastoral counseling based upon the Bible and focused on Christ.


First Communion

en-noun

First Communion (plural First Communions)

(Roman Catholicism) The first time that a person, usually a child, receives the sacrament of Communion.

Erstkommunion

first time that a person receives the sacrament of Communion

(Roman Catholicism) The celebration of the former, consisting of a solemn mass and generally a following private party.

Erstkommunion

celebration consisting of a mass and a party


means of grace

(Christianity, theology) a means by which God gives grace, usually considered to include both word and sacrament, and often other ways as well


theotokion

(Christianity) A hymn to Mary, the Theotokos, read or chanted during the Divine Services of the Eastern Orthodox and Eastern Catholic churches.


noli me tangere

noli me tangere (plural noli me tangeres)

noli me tangeres (plural)
noli-me-tangere (alternative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-noli me tangere.wav

/-ˌmeɪ ˈtɑnd͡ʒəɹeɪ/

Antonio da Correggio
Jesus
Mary Magdalene
Museo del Prado
Vulgate

PIE word
 *né
From Middle English noli me tangere, noly me tangere (“skin disease of the face; bad-tempered person who should be avoided; personification of wrath”), a learned borrowing from Late Latin nōlī mē tangere (literally “do not touch me”), from Latin nōlī (“do not”) + mē (“me, myself”) + tangere (the present active infinitive of tangō (“to grasp; to touch”)). The phrase is recorded in John 20:17 of the Vulgate, a 4th-century Latin translation of the Bible, as having been spoken to Mary Magdalene by Jesus shortly after his resurrection outside his tomb. The original phrase was the Koine Greek μή μου ἅπτου (mḗ mou háptou, “stop clinging to me”).
Senses 2–5 refer to the literal meaning of the phrase. For example, in the case of sense 4 (“any of various plants with fruits or seed capsules that, when ripe, burst open and discharge their seeds when touched, or with leaves that fold and droop when touched”), the name alludes to the assumption that the plants do not wish to be touched, and react by exploding their fruits or closing their leaves if this happens.

ref

From the collection of the Museo del Prado in Madrid, Spain.

noncog

μή μου ἅπτου

asia josta pysyä loitolla

someone or something to be avoided or not interfered with

kosketusherkkä kasvi

In the rest of the private lodgings contiguous to this, are divers of the best pictures of the greate masters, Raphael, Titian, &c. and, in my esteeme, above all, the Noli me tangere of our blessed Saviour to Mary Magdalen after his Resurrection, of Hans Holbein [the Younger], than which I never saw so much reverence and kind of heavenly astonishment express'd in a picture.

1680 September 12 (Gregorian calendar), John Evelyn, “[Diary entry for 2 September 1680]”, in William Bray, editor, Memoirs, Illustrative of the Life and Writings of John Evelyn, […], 2nd edition, volume I, London: Henry Colburn, […]; and sold by John and Arthur Arch, […], published 1819, →OCLC, page 524:

In a compartment over the communion-table is an estimable picture; a noli me tangere, by [Anton Raphael] Mengs, who painted it at Rome, and parted with it to the college for three hundred guineas.

1813, J[ames] N[orris] Brewer, “Oxfordshire [All Souls’ College]”, in The Beauties of England and Wales: Or, Original Delineations, Topographical, Historical, and Descriptive, of Each County. […], volume XII, part II, London: […] J. Harris; […], →OCLC, page 110:

Half of the other pictures are Magdalens, Flights into Egypt, Crucifixions, Depositions from the Cross, Pietas, Noli-me-tangeres, or the Sacrifice of Abraham, or martyrdoms of saints, originally painted as altar-pieces, or for the shrines of chapels, and wofully lacking the accompaniments which the artist had in view.

1860, Nathaniel Hawthorne, “The Emptiness of Picture-galleries”, in The Marble Faun: Or, The Romance of Monte Beni. […], volume II, Boston, Mass.: Ticknor and Fields, →OCLC, page 133:

He studied a tapestry on one wall of a noli me tangere wrought by a craftsman whose signature was illegible.

2008, Allen Russo, chapter 1, in Rufus of Rhodes: Volume II: Marching with the Legions, [Bloomington, Ind.]: Xlibris, →ISBN, page 13:

(Christianity, art) A picture depicting Jesus appearing to Mary Magdalene shortly after his resurrection from the dead (see the etymology).


tripersonalism

(Christianity) Belief in a tripersonal God, comprising the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.


transubstantiationist

(Christianity) A believer in transubstantiation.


transubstantiationism

(Christianity) Belief in transubstantiation.


singspiration

/ˌsɪŋ.spəˈɹeɪ.ʃən/

Very early in the camp life a Young People's Church Committee was organized, and it in turn sponsored Friday night singspirations. Kenzo Yoshida was the chairman of the committee and Gladys Onoye was the pianist […]

1979, Lester E. Suzuki, Ministry in the assembly and relocation centers of World War II, page 87:

Singspirations were group singing of gospel choruses: "Hallelu, hallelu, hallelu, hallelujah! Praise ye the Lord!"

1994, Jane Piirto, A Location in the Upper Peninsula: Essays, Poems, Stories, page 8:

American youth collections, such as Youth Favorites, supplied the English songs for youth fellowship singspiration time of some churches.

2006, Myrleene Grace Chiew Yap, The Development of Congregational Song Among Chinese Churches in the Philippines (1903–2003) (dissertation), page 50:

Another intern was Chris Conway from Converse, Indiana, who worked with the youth choir and helped with the younger children so they could sing special songs for singspirations.

2012, Madonna Burget Spratt, Eleanor Daniel, Who Am I, page 300:

(Christianity) A worship service, or sometimes a part of a service or any other church activity, involving the singing of hymns.


love offering

There are actually some preachers who are timid about urging people to give a good revival love offering.

2000, Hugh F. Pyle, What Every Preacher Should Know!, →ISBN, page 307:

No one thought of taking up a love offering! I was irritated to say the least. My only consolation was that I knew the second service would have an even larger crowd, so at least we would get the love offering from that one.

2010, Ron Owens, Iris: Trophy of Grace, →ISBN, page 70:

In the typical love offering approach, the funds are received by the church or nonprofit (payments directly to an individual are discussed above).

2010, Dan Busby, Zondervan Church and Nonprofit Tax & Financial Guide 2010, →ISBN:

(Christianity) Money collected from members of a congregation by passing a plate during the religious service.


Paulite

(Catholicism) A member of the Order of Saint Paul the First Hermit.


apostolic visitor

en-noun

apostolic visitor (plural apostolic visitors)

(Catholicism) In the Catholic Church, a papal representative with a transient mission to perform a canonical visitation of relatively short duration and to submit a report to the Holy See afterwards.


Gaudete Sunday

From Latin gaudēte (“rejoice”), which is the first word of the Latin-language introit for this Sunday.

(Christianity) The third Sunday in Advent


lily crucifix

(Christianity) A symbol found in a few Anglican churches in England, depicting Christ crucified on a lily, or holding a lily.


protopriest

(Roman Catholicism) The first cardinal priest in the order of precedence in the College of Cardinals, who has the honour of pronouncing the formal prayer for the new pope at the papal inauguration.


Liturgy of the Hours

(Catholicism) A liturgy for daily use at each of the canonical hours obligatory to all Catholic bishops, priests, and transitional deacons and composed of psalms, hymns, and readings but lacking the eucharist.


transitional deacon

transitional deacon (plural transitional deacons)

(Catholicism) A deacon intending to become a priest and therefore obliged to begin assuming additional responsibilities, such as the recitation of the breviary.