monsignor

en-noun

monsignor (plural monsignors or monsignori)

monsignors (plural)
monsignori (plural)
Monsignor (alternative)
Msgr. (alternative)
Mons. (alternative)

From Italian monsignore, from signore under influence from Middle French monseigneur. Doublet of monseigneur and monsieur.

He goes one day to hear Father Hecker preach on the Destiny of Man, on another to hear Monsignor Pie, Bishop of Poitiers, then Archbishop Manning, and again Monsignor Mermillod and Father Burke. […] We have just made her a grand festa for her day, the 20th—twelve Masses, cardinal, two archbishops, two monsignori, the other seven, priests.

1892, “Great Events in Rome”, in John Morris, editor, The Life of Mother Henrietta Kerr, Religious of the Sacred Heart, 3rd edition, Roehampton, pages 182 and 197:

We were passed on from one room to another, and finally came to a halt in a large square room, where there were more priests, one or two monsignori, in their violet robes, and two officers. […] We had barely time to exchange a few remarks, as Monsignor Bicletis was waiting for us to advance.

1905, Mary King Waddington, “Italy Revisited”, in Italian Letters of a Diplomat’s Wife; January–May 1880; February–April, 1904, New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner’s Sons, pages 249–250:

He wore the dress of an abbot and was accompanied by two monsignori in simple black. […] It was a letter from Monsignor Chatrousse, the Bishop of Valence in France.

1955, Francis Beauchesne Thornton, Cross upon Cross: The Life of Pope Pius IX, New York, N.Y.: Benziger Brothers, Inc., pages 83 (The Pope Begins His Reign) and 114 (The Flight to Gaeta):

He was accompanied by two monsignori, one of whom was Henry Cosgrove, an acquaintance of mine from Brooklyn. […] “It is obvious that I need no translator. Henry,” I said, turning to the American monsignor, “you can be my secretary.”

1999, Francis X[avier] Murphy, “Introduction to the 1999 Edition”, in Vatican Council II, Maryknoll, N.Y.: Orbis Books, →ISBN, page xii:

He had only been in office for a couple of months when the brilliant polymath, Monsignor Ivan Illich, was summoned to Rome. Illich was an American citizen of mixed Spanish, German, Croat and Jewish origins, and a priest of New York archdiocese who worked in Cuernavaca in Mexico to prepare missionaries for Latin America. Two minor CDF monsignori, Sergio de Magistris and Giuseppe Casoria, attempted to interrogate him in the back rooms of the Palazzo.

2001, Paul Collins, “Palazzo del Sant’Uffizio”, in From Inquisition to Freedom: Seven Prominent Catholics and Their Struggle with the Vatican, Sydney, N.S.W.: Simon & Schuster, →ISBN, page 19:

He paid half the $850 monthly tuition, and the church monsignor covered the rest.

2007 February 4, Alexis Rehrmann, “Her Parents Couldn’t Take Care of Her. This Home Could.”, in New York Times:

“Chances are if you had any efforts to modify it, you’d have parades of monsignors, ministers and rabbis trooping up to Capitol Hill,” said Professor Baker.

2007 October 21, Peter Applebome, “A Court Decision Elbows a Village in Favor of Religious Rights”, in New York Times:

Monsignor, at least, was happier, because oblivious, and just went on transforming the ducks and capons bestowed on him into flesh. […] As chaplain and special counsellor of Casa Frumier he’d been able to garner the esteem of the many priests and monsignori who were guests there, for he never lacked either those saintly maxims or those agile mutations of conscience that allowed him to attract both the one and the other; […]

2014, Ippolito Nievo, translated by Frederika Randall, Confessions of an Italian, London: Penguin Books, →ISBN:

(Roman Catholicism) An ecclesiastic title bestowed on some Roman Catholic clerics by the Pope


maximalist

en-adj

maximalist (comparative more maximalist, superlative most maximalist)

more maximalist (comparative)
most maximalist (superlative)
Maximalist (alternative)

From maximal + -ist, by analogy with minimalist.

Again, the progressive view was that the Mother of Jesus should receive all veneration for holiness, but not the title of mediator between God and man. Much of the Curia supported a “maximalist” cult of the Virgin.

1964 September 17, “Powers of Curia Likely to be Cut”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

The case of the Bar Kokhba Revolt is an excellent example of how far the Minimalist and Maximalist interpretations of biblical and even ancient history can be verified.

2009, Richard A. Freund, Digging through the Bible, Rowman & Littlefield, →ISBN, page 329:

(religion, Christianity) Relating to religious or Biblical maximalism.


Land of Israel

(Judaism, Christianity) A region in the Middle East promised by God to the descendants of Abraham.

أَرْض إِسْرَائِيل

ʔarḍ ʔisrāʔīl


peritus

Among the leading periti at Vatican II, there was an almost universal belief that this theological diet was inadequate for dealing with the problems of the late-twentieth century.

2013 February 12, Tracey Rowland, “Pope Benedict XVI: God's Rottweiler or the Church's German shepherd?”, in Australian Broadcasting Corporation:

(Christianity) A Roman Catholic theologian attending an ecumenical council to give advice.


Our Lady of Sorrows

Calque of Latin Māter Dolōrōsa (“Sorrowful Mother”) under influence from Domina Nostra (“Our Lady”) and their descendants in other languages.

calque

(Christianity, chiefly Catholicism) Synonym of Mary, mother of Jesus, in particular reference to her grief at the Christ's crucifixion.

Mare de Déu dels Dolors

the grieving Mary — see also Mary, Mother of God, Our Lady, Queen of Heaven


restorationism

en-noun

restorationism (usually uncountable, plural restorationisms)

(specifically, Christianity) A movement that rejects much or all of contemporary Christianity and advocates a return to what is viewed as Jesus's original teachings. The Mormons are an example of a restorationist church.


decisionism

/dɪˈsɪʒənɪzəm/

The decisionism of today's SBC is problematic, but many of us remain unconvinced that dropping decision from our evangelistic vocabulary is a necessary response […].

2008, Chuck Lawless, “Southern Baptist Non-Calvinists—Who Are We Really?”, in E. Ray Clendenen, Brad J. Waggoner, editors, Calvinism: A Southern Baptist Dialogue, page 166:

The sinner's prayer is an example of a wrong presupposition that plagues much of modern evangelism. It comes from the errant notion that a sinner's decision to receive Christ is the determining factor in salvation. The sinner's prayer is an offshoot of this concept of decisionism, despite the fact that it utterly removes the idea that it is actually God who draws people to Himself.

2011, John MacArthur et al., Evangelism: How to Share the Gospel Faithfully, page 134:

(Christianity) A theology that stresses the importance of the decision to become a Christian for salvation. Often this decision takes the form of the sinner's prayer.


particularism

particularism (countable and uncountable, plural particularisms)

From particular + -ism, after French particularisme.

(Christianity, Judaism, theology) The principle that only certain people are chosen by God for salvation.


ostension

ostension (countable and uncountable, plural ostensions)

Borrowed from Middle French ostension, in turn from Latin ostensiō, ostensiōnem.

(Christianity) The showing of the sacrament on the altar in order that it may receive the adoration of the communicants.


threeness

threeness (countable and uncountable, plural threenesses)

From three + -ness. Compare Middle English þrinnesse, þrimnesse, þremnesse, þrumnesse (“trinity”, literally “three-ness”), Old English þrīnes, þrinnes (“trinity”, literally “three-ness”).

Therefore concern yourselves, you philosophers: how God has created this world in six days. For the work of each day is a creation of a spirit in the Holy Threeness, and the seventh day is the rest of the Sabbath of God, in the seventh [...]

2010, Jeff Bachl, translated by Michael L. Birkel, Genius of the Transcendent: Mystical Writings of Jakob Boehme, Shambhala, translation of original by Jakob Boehme:


virgin birth

virgin birth (countable and uncountable, plural virgin births)

virgin births (plural)
Virgin Birth (alternative)
Virgin birth (alternative)

(Christianity, theology) (often capitalized and used absolutely: the Virgin Birth) The miraculous birth of Christ from the Virgin Mary.

At the moment then when Sirius, the star from the East, by coming to the Meridian at midnight signalled the Sun's new birth, the Virgin was seen just rising on the Eastern sky - the horizon line passing through her centre. And many people think that this astronomical fact is the explanation of the very widespread legend of the Virgin-birth.

1920, Edward Carpenter, Pagan and Christian Creeds, New York: Harcourt, Brace and Co., published 1921, page 31:


amillennialism

(Christianity) A view in Christian eschatology that rejects the claimed future thousand-year physical reign of Jesus Christ on the earth, in opposition to premillennial and some postmillennial views of the Book of Revelation, chapter 20, claiming instead that the number of years in Revelation 20 is a symbolic number and that Christ's eventual physical reign will be permanent.


Divine Mercy Sunday

en-proper noun

Divine Mercy Sunday (plural Divine Mercy Sundays)

(Roman Catholicism) The Sunday after Easter.


Pentecostalism

en-noun

Pentecostalism (countable and uncountable, plural Pentecostalisms)

(Christianity) A religious movement that emphasizes the Holy Spirit and is known for speaking in tongues.


postmillennial

en-adj

postmillennial (comparative more postmillennial, superlative most postmillennial)

more postmillennial (comparative)
most postmillennial (superlative)
post-millennial (alternative)

And just as for postmillennial Christians, man, led by God's prophets and saints, will establish a Kingdom of God on Earth (for premillennials, Jesus will have many human assistants in setting up such a kingdom), so, for Marx and other schools of communists, mankind, led by a vanguard of secular saints, will establish a secularized Kingdom of Heaven on earth.

1990, Murray N. Rothbard, Karl Marx: Communist as Religious Eschatologist, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 123–179:

(Christianity) Pertaining to the belief that the Second Coming will take place after the millennium.


postmillennialism

(Christianity) An interpretation of the Book of Revelation where Christ's second coming will be after the "Millennium", a Golden Age or era of prosperity and dominance of Christianity.


station-to-station

Stations of the Cross
Stations of the Cross

(Christianity) The procession by devotees along successive stations in the Stations of the Cross.


supererogate

en-verb

supererogate (third-person singular simple present supererogates, present participle supererogating, simple past and past participle supererogated)

supererogates (present singular third-person)
supererogating (participle present)
supererogated (participle past)
supererogated (past)

/ˌs(j)uːpəɹˈɛɹəɡeɪt/

/ˌsupəɹˈɛɹəˌɡeɪt/

Borrowed from Latin supererogare. See supererogation.

They who, in their obedience, attain to the greatest height which is possible in this life, are so far from being able to supererogate, and to do more than God requires, […]

The Westminster Confession of Faith, chapter XVI, article iv

Were this all, therefore, or my task confined to such a relation, I should supererogate indeed in making this appearance.

1897, Stanley John Weyman, chapter I, in Shrewsbury:

(intransitive, theology, Catholicism) To do more than God commands.


manuductor

From Latin manus (“hand”) + ductor (“leader”).

(Catholicism) The chief novice in an order.


manuterge

(Catholicism) A towel used by a priest during liturgy


Absolution Day

(Roman Catholicism) The Tuesday before Easter.


charism

en-noun

charism (countable and uncountable, plural charisms or charismata)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek χάρισμα (khárisma, “grace”). Doublet of charisma.

lbor

Reviewing the prudential warnings and moral qualms issued by the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, “it is hard not to conclude,” the editors write, “that the bishops’ charism, rather than the president’s, has better served the nation.”

2007 April 14, Peter Steinfels, “A Catholic Debate Mounts on the Meaning of ‘Just War’”, in New York Times:

(Christianity, theology, rare) A power or authority, generally of a spiritual nature, believed to be a freely given gift by the Grace of God.

charisma

extraordinary power granted by the Holy Spirit


purificator

(Christianity) The napkin used to wipe the lip of the chalice during Holy Communion.


counterreformer

From counterreform + -er or counter- + reformer.

According to John Bossy, the Catholic counterreformers attempted to make the parish the primary focus of religious life […]

1986, Joseph H. Lynch, Godparents and Kinship in Early Medieval Europe, →ISBN, page 26:

The council [of Trent] also urged caution in the use of vocal polyphony […] Notably, the counterreformers did not follow Luther and Calvin in advocating congregational song in the vernacular.

2008, Steven R. Guthrie, “Theology and Music”, in The Encyclopedia of Christianity, volume 5, Eerdmans-Brill, →ISBN, page 371:

This stands in significant contrast, for example, to the Catholic counterreformer Ignatius of Loyola who, in his Spiritual Exercises, requires that the retreatant consider the idea that God created the whole world for her.

2020, Brendan Thomas Sammon, “Beauty and the Good in Dionysius the Areopagite”, in Alice M. Ramos, editor, Beauty and the Good: Recovering the Classical Tradition from Plato to Duns Scotus, →ISBN, page 204:

(historical, Roman Catholicism) Alternative spelling of Counter-Reformer (“proponent of the Counter-Reformation”).


churching

en-noun

churching (countable and uncountable, plural churchings)

The churching of women traditionally includes thanksgiving for the women's survival of childbirth.

The clergyman had to dine some distance from town, and had got two churchings, three christenings, and a funeral, to perform in something less than an hour.

1834, Charles Dickens, “The Bloomsbury Christening”, in Sketches by Boz:

As discussed in detail by Caroline Shenton, the churchings of Queen Philippa, for which the details following Isabella's birth in 1333 survive, represented a 'gigantic festival of a family whose start in life had been extremely unsteady'.

2010, Chris Given-Wilson, Fourteenth Century England VI, page 145:

(Christianity) The ceremonial blessing of a woman who has given birth.

ви́від

для породі́лі


modalism

modalism (countable and uncountable, plural modalisms)

(Christianity) The nontrinitarian doctrine that God, who is one person, has three modes of divine revelation (the Father, Son, and Spirit), contrary to the orthodox belief that the three persons are all fully God.


Holy Mother of God

Mother of God
Mother of God#English:_Q345

(Christianity) Synonym of Mother of God, Mary in her role as mother of God (God the Son).


Holy Mother

A clipping of Holy Mother of God in reference to Mary, mother of Jesus.

(Christianity) Synonym of Mother of God: Mary, mother of Jesus, in her role as mother of God (God the Son).


apostolicity

apostolicity (usually uncountable, plural apostolicities)

From apostolic + -ity, after French apostolicité.

his Church did its best to trump Rome in apostolicity by declaring that it had been founded by the first-recruited among Christ's Apostles, Andrew.

2009, Diarmaid MacCulloch, A History of Christianity, Penguin, published 2010, page 427:

(Christianity) The quality of being apostolic, notably of preserving authenticity within the mission and tradition of the Christian church as founded by Jesus Christ and his twelve original Apostles, through their representatives and successors in the papacy and episcopate.


Sabaoth

/səˈbeɪˌoʊθ/

From Latin Sabaoth, from Ancient Greek Σαβαώθ (Sabaṓth), from Biblical Hebrew צְבָאוֹת (ts'vaót), plural of צָבָא (tsaváʾ, “army”).

(Judaism, Christianity, biblical) An epithet of God in His role as protector of the Israelite army, usually translated (alongside YHWH or Elohim) as "Lord of Hosts".; compare the archaic title Drighten.


indult

That’s why, for instance, most American Catholics now receive communion in the hand (permission for which was originally granted as an “indult,” an exception), […]

2015 August 27, Ross Douthat, “Catholic Exceptions and Catholic Rules”, in New York Times Opinion Pages, retrieved 2021-06-03:

(Catholicism) A permission or privilege granted by the church authority that excepts an individual from what is otherwise a norm of church law, such as a release from monastic vows.


Sabellianism

(Christianity) A Christian belief which holds that God the Father and God the Son are one and the same, the latter often being termed Patripassianism in that it implies God the Father personally suffered on the Cross.


by the Grace of God

Calque of Latin Deī grātiā. Doublet of Dei gratia.

(idiomatic, religion, Christianity) By divine will and benevolence.


sacramentize

en-verb

sacramentize (third-person singular simple present sacramentizes, present participle sacramentizing, simple past and past participle sacramentized)

sacramentizes (present singular third-person)
sacramentizing (participle present)
sacramentized (participle past)
sacramentized (past)

(Christianity) To administer the sacraments.


perfectus

Learned borrowing from Latin perfectus. Doublet of parfait, perfect, and perfecto.

doublet

(historical, Christianity) Synonym of perfect (“leader of the Cathar movement”)


Mother of God

Calque of Latin Mater Dei and its descendants in other languages, from the Christian concept of the Trinity whereby Jesus as God the Son is identical to God the Father as the single divinity.

Coordinate term: God the Father

(Christianity) A dogmatic title of Mary, mother of Jesus, in particular reference to her role as mother of God (God the Son).

ܝܳܠܕܰܬ ܐܰܠܳܗܳܐ

Mary, mother of Jesus, as the mother of God or God-bearer — see also Mary, Theotokos, Our Lady, Queen of Heaven, Virgin Mary


Mother of God

Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners, now and at the hour of death. Amen.

(Christianity) Said in supplication to Mary.


Balaamite

en-adj

Balaamite (comparative more Balaamite, superlative most Balaamite)

more Balaamite (comparative)
most Balaamite (superlative)

(rare, Christianity, derogatory) Resembling Balaam, as described in Revelation 2:14.


Balaamite

(rare, Christianity, derogatory) A Balaamite person.


lay brother

en-noun

lay brother (plural lay brothers or lay brethren)

lay brothers (plural)
lay brethren (plural)
lay-brother (alternative archaic)

In feudal days lay brothers were usually uneducated commoners, who did most menial, manual labor while the learned priestly monks held the more spiritual jobs.

2010, WHY A LAY BROTHER?, Franciscan Friars
The male branch of the Franciscan family, a community of Lesser Brothers, is made up of men who are both clergy and consecrated laity traditionally called "lay brothers".

(Christianity) A layman who is a member of a religious congregation or monastic order without the intention to become a priest.

lekenbroeder

a layman who is a member of a brotherhood without the intention to become a priest


sign of the cross

sign of the cross (plural signs of the cross)

signs of the cross (plural)
sign of the Cross (alternative)

A calque translation of Latin signum crucis.

(Christianity) A gesture of the hand moving over the front of one's body in the shape of a cross made as part of ritual or to invoke divine protection.


Our Father

Coordinate term: Hail Mary

“What did the priest, and all of you, keep on saying when we first went in?” / “Our Fathers, Hail Maries, and Glorias; couldn’t you hear?” asked Emily, laughing.

1872, F. A., chapter V, in Marion Howard; or Trials and Triumphs, Philadelphia: Peter F. Cunningham, […], page 100:

"You are our Father as well as theirs. Permit us, for a short space, to meet in brotherhood, that we may have an added knowledge of that eternal life which awaits us, and so be helped during our years of waiting in this lower world." He ended with the "Our Father", in which we all joined.

1925 July – 1926 May, A[rthur] Conan Doyle, “(please specify the chapter number)”, in The Land of Mist (eBook no. 0601351h.html), Australia: Project Gutenberg Australia, published April 2019:

(Christianity) (Our Father) The Lord's Prayer, which begins with these words.


head

it is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for a rich man to enter into the kingdom of God

From the Gospel of Matthew, verse 19:24. Some assert that "camel" is a misinterpretation of a word meaning "rope" and others assert that the "Needle's Eye" was a gate in the walls of Jerusalem, but the evidence for each of these theories is contested, and the literal interpretation remains the most common.

(Christianity, biblical) It is unlikely that the wealthy will go to heaven.

ʔinna murūra jamal min ṯaqb ʔibratin ʔaysaru min ʔan yadḵula ḡaniyyun ʔilā malakūti llāhi

إِنَّ مُرُورَ جَمَل مِنْ ثَقْب إِبْرَةٍ أَيْسَرُ مِنْ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ غَنِيٌّ إِلَى مَلَكُوتِ اللهِ

det er lettere for en kamel at komme igennem et nåleøje end for en rig at komme ind i Guds rige

eher geht ein Kamel durch ein Nadelöhr, als dass ein Reicher in das Reich Gottes gelangt

det er lettere for en kamel å gå gjennom et nåløye enn for en rik man å komme inn i Guds rike

łatwiej jest wielbłądowi przejść przez ucho igielne, niż bogatemu wejść do królestwa niebieskiego

é mais fácil passar um camelo pelo fundo de uma agulha do que entrar um rico no reino de Deus

léxče verbljúdu projtí skvozʹ igólʹnoje uškó, čem bogačú vojtí v cárstvije nebésnoje

ле́гче верблю́ду пройти́ сквозь иго́льное ушко́, чем богачу́ войти́ в ца́рствие небе́сное

es más fácil que un camello pase por el ojo de una aguja, que un rico entre en el reino de Dios


eulogia

From Latin eulogia, from Ancient Greek εὐλογῐ́ᾱ (eulogĭ́ā).

To Severus he sends "a Campanian loaf from his cell, as a eulogia," together with a boxwood casket, and begs him, as before, by accepting the loaf in the name of the Lord to convert it into a eulogia.

1880, Sir William Smith, editor, A Dictionary of Christian Antiquities, volume 1, Eulogiae, page 630:

At Easter it was even sent into other dioceses, bishops being in the habit of sending the consecrated host to each other as a mark of intercommunion, of brotherhood and amity. To the sacred host, on these occasions, the name of eulogia was given, and thus until the fifth century the word eulogia appears to have been synonymous with eucharistia, and used interchangeably with it to designate the sacrament of the altar, the chalice and bread of benediction spoken of by St. Paul.

1891, The American Catholic Quarterly Review, volume 16, page 383:

It was there decreed that the hallowed elements were no longer to be sent as Eulogiae into strange dioceses, at the feast of Easter.

1917, William Herbert Freestone, The Sacrament Reserved: A Survey of the Practice of Reserving the Eucharist, with Special Reference to the Communion of the Sick, During the First Twelve Centuries:

Popular devotion to the consecrated host grew significantly from the eleventh century onwards, and a number of twelfth- and thirteenth-century texts indicate that it was reverence, not indifference, which discouraged frequent lay reception of the eucharist. The eulogia, meanwhile, came to be regarded as, at least in a partial sense, a surrogate for communion.

2015, Gervase Rosser, The Art of Solidarity in the Middle Ages: Guilds in England 1250-1550:

(Christianity, historical) The practice of sending the consecrated Eucharist to those not present, or the Eucharist itself so sent.


commixtion

en-noun

commixtion (countable and uncountable, plural commixtions)

commixtions (plural)
commixion (alternative)

From Middle English commixtion, from Middle French commixtion, and its source, Latin commixtiōnem, from commiscēre (“to mix”).

(Christianity) The putting of a small piece of the host into the chalice during Mass, typifying the reunion of body and soul at the resurrection.


binate

en-verb

binate (third-person singular simple present binates, present participle binating, simple past and past participle binated)

binates (present singular third-person)
binating (participle present)
binated (participle past)
binated (past)

From Latin bīnātus, past participle of bīnō (“to binate”), from bīnus (“two each, in pairs”). Equivalent to Latin bīnō + -ate (verb-forming suffix).

(Catholicism, intransitive) To perform bination; to hold Mass twice on the same day.


Invention of the Cross

(Christianity) The alleged discovery of the cross on which Jesus Christ was crucified, by St Helena, mother of the Emperor Constantine, in 326 C.E.

(Christianity) The church festival observed on 3 May in commemoration of St Helena's alleged discovery of the so-called True Cross.


quinquennal

From Latin quīnquennālis, from quīnquennis (“5-year”) + -ālis (“-al”), from quinque (“five”) + annus (“year”) + -is (“forming compound adjectives”).

(Christianity, obsolete) A position held for 5 years.


perichoresis

From Ancient Greek περιχώρησις (perikhṓrēsis, “going round, rotation”), from περιχωρέω (perikhōréō), from περί (perí, “around”) + χωρέω (khōréō, “go forward, travel”), because the relationship between the three members of the Trinity was described by early Christians as an eternal interpenetrating circulation.

uder

(Christianity) The doctrine of the Trinity.


horologion

From Byzantine Greek ὡρολόγιον (hōrológion, “book of hours”), from Ancient Greek ὥρα (hṓra, “time period, hour”) + λόγιον (lógion, “record; measuring device”), from λόγος (lógos) + -ιον (-ion). Doublet of horologe and horologium. See menologion.

der

The Orthodox horologion is roughly equivalent to the Catholic breviary.

(Christianity) A liturgical book containing the daily offices of the Eastern Orthodox and Catholic churches.


beneficed

a lewde curate,
A parson benyfyced
But nothynge well advysed.

c. 1503–1512, John Skelton, Ware the Hauke; republished in John Scattergood, editor, John Skelton: The Complete English Poems, 1983, →OCLC, page 62, lines 35–37:

Sir Wycherly was not a hard drinker, like Dutton; but he was a fair drinker, like Mr. Rotherham, and most of the beneficed clergy of that day.

1842, James Fenimore Cooper, The Two Admirals:

I shall now look on them as beneficed, and consider their preaching.

1903, Edited by Professor Arber and Thomas Seccombe, An English Garner:


Landmarkism

From landmark + -ism, after a passage in Proverbs 22:28: "Remove not the ancient landmark, which thy fathers have set."

(Christianity) An ecclesiology whereby non-Baptist churches are considered illegitimate.


epiclesis

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἐπίκλησις (epíklēsis, “invocation”).

lbor

Holonym: anaphora

(Christianity) A prayer invoking the Holy Spirit, especially one offered in the liturgical context of the Eucharist so as to change the elements of bread and wine into the body and blood of Jesus.


tablewise

From Middle English tabylwyse, equivalent to table + -wise.

(Christianity) Oriented like the communion table, with the ends east and west, as opposed to altarwise.


virtualism

en-noun

virtualism (usually uncountable, plural virtualisms)

(Christianity) The view, believed to have been held by Calvin and other church reformers contrary to the Catholic doctrine of transubstantiation, that the bread and wine (in Christian Holy Communion) do not literally transform into flesh and blood but are the medium or mechanism through which the spiritual or immaterial essence of the flesh and blood of Jesus Christ are received.


come-to-Jesus

(idiomatic, Christianity) Relating to a Christian conversion, recommitment, or associated ritual, especially public confession.


come to Jesus

en-verb

come to Jesus (third-person singular simple present comes to Jesus, present participle coming to Jesus, simple past came to Jesus, past participle come to Jesus)

comes to Jesus (present singular third-person)
coming to Jesus (participle present)
came to Jesus (past)
come to Jesus (participle past)

(idiomatic, Christianity) To experience or display a conversion or recommitment to Christianity or to undergo a related ritual, especially public confession of one's sins or weaknesses.


divine service

(countable, Christianity) A service of public Christian worship.


aspergillum

en-noun

aspergillum (plural aspergilla or aspergillums)

aspergilla (plural)
aspergillums (plural)
aspergil (alternative)
aspergill (alternative)

/ˌæs.pəɹˈd͡ʒɪl.əm/

From Ecclesiastical Latin aspergillum, from aspergō (“to sprinkle”).

The king’s authority held sway not only over the knight’s mighty sword, but also over the episcopal cross and aspergillum: for the bishops plied back and forth between court and province like all the other lords.

1994, Emmanuel Le Roy Ladurie, “Introduction: Classic Monarchy”, in Juliet Vale, transl., The Royal French State, 1460-1610, page 6:

(Christianity) An implement, in the form of a brush or of a rod with a perforated container, for sprinkling holy water; a holy-water sprinkle.


muscular Christianity

Yet even though the attempt was made to transform the church and Sunday school along these lines, the ideals of muscular Christianity were perhaps most efficiently diffused through a proliferation of Christian youth organizations for boys.

2001, Priscilla Ferguson Clement, Jacqueline S. Reinier, Boyhood in America, Abc-Clio Incorporated, →ISBN:

(Christianity) A movement of Victorian origin stressing the need for energetic Christian activism in combination with an ideal of vigorous masculinity.

cristianismo muscular

Victorian movement stressing the need for energetic Christian activism and an ideal of vigorous masculinity


kyrk

kyrk (countable and uncountable, plural kyrks)

From Northern Middle English kyrk, kyrke, from chirche, from Old English ċiriċe (“church”), from Proto-West Germanic *kirikā, an early borrowing of Ancient Greek κυριακόν (kuriakón).

Saint Ambroſe, when the Emperor invaded his Kyrk, and the people were ready to make reſcue, ſo farre as that the Invaders could not have ſuſtained their force ; […]

1639, Thomas Lord Bishop of Duresme [i.e., Thomas Morton], “They that reſiſt ſhall receive to themſelves Damnation”, in A Sermon Preached Before the Kings Moſt Excellent Majestie, in the Cathedrall Church of Durham. […], Robert Barker, page 36:

1. First, That Images are not to be had in the Kyrk, nor to be worſhipped.

1644, John Knox, The Historie of the Reformation of the Church of Scotland; […], London: […] John Raworth for George Thomason and Octavian Pullen […], page 2:

All things given in hoſpitality, all rents pertaining to Prieſts and Chanteries, Colledges, Chappelries, Fryeries of all orders, the ſiſters of the Seynes, all which ought to be retained ſtill in the uſe of the Kyrk. Give them but leave to take their breath, ard expect the reſt: The whole revenues of the temporalties of the Biſhops, Deans, and Arch-deans lands, and all rents pertaining to Cathedral Kyrks. Then ſuppoſing an objection that the poſſeſſours had leaſes and eſtates, they anſwer,that thoſe who made them were thieves and murtherers, and had no power to alienate the common good of the Kyrk.

1659, Henry Stubbe, A Letter to an Officer of the Army Concerning a Select Senate […], London: […] T. B. […], page 17:

(Christianity, Northern England, Scotland) Obsolete spelling of kirk.


paschal candle

(Christianity) A large symbolic white candle used at Easter.


Paschal troparion

Paschal troparion (plural Paschal troparia)

(Christianity) In the Eastern Orthodox church, a traditional hymn sung at Easter (Pascha)


Great Lent

A calque from a language with traditional Orthodox practice, where this fast is called "great" to distinguish it from the Advent and Dormition fasts, likely Calque of Byzantine Greek Μεγάλη Νηστεία (Megálē Nēsteía).

calque

Μεγάλη Νηστεία

Eastern Christianity
Eastern Christianity

(Christianity) In Eastern Christianity, the period of fasting before Pascha.

Մեծ Պահք (Mec Pahkʻ, literally “Great Fast”)


unparished

/(ˌ)ʌnˈpæɹɪʃt/

/ˌʌnˈpɛɹɪʃt/

From:
* un (prefix meaning ‘not’) + parish (noun) + -ed (suffix forming possessional adjectives from nouns); and
* un- + parished (“organized into parishes; possessing parishes”, adjective).

prefix

(British, Ireland, Christianity) Not designated as a parish (“an administrative part of a diocese that has its own church”).


with God

My mother, rest her soul, is with God now.

(euphemistic, Christianity) Dead; deceased.


dataria

From Late Latin, from Latin datum (“given”).

(Roman Catholicism, historical) Part of the Roman Catholic Curia, abolished in 1967, from which were sent graces or favours such as appointments to benefices.


Holyrood

From Middle English Holy Rood, Holyrode, holy-rode, holy roode, hali rode, halgorode, equivalent to holy + rood (“crucifix, cross”).
The town in Newfoundland is named after a location near Crewkerne, Somerset.

(Christianity) Alternative form of Holy Rood: the True Cross of Jesus.


communion wafer

en-noun

communion wafer (plural communion wafers)

(Christianity) The sacramental bread used in the Eucharist; the host.


Circumcellion

Circumcellions (plural)
circumcellion (alternative)

(Christianity, historical) A member of fanatical bands of predatory peasants that flourished in North Africa in the 4th century. They were associated with Donatists and sought death by martyrdom.


heort-

From the Ancient Greek ἑορτή (heortḗ, “feast”).

(rare, chiefly Christianity) (religious) feast


seminarist

(Roman Catholicism) A student training to be a priest at a Roman Catholic seminary.


Carmelite

(Catholicism) Of or related to the Carmelites.


justiciary

justiciary (countable and uncountable, plural justiciaries)

From Late Latin justitiaria, justiciaria (“judgeship, judiciarship; court sessions”), justitiarius, and justiciarius (“justiciar, judge, justice [of the peace]; judiciary, related to justice”), all from Latin iūstitia (“justice”) + -āria (“-ary”). Paralleled in Middle English and Early Modern English by forms from Anglo-Norman justiserie (“judgeship, judiciarship”), from Anglo-Norman and Middle French justicerie (“judgeship; tribunal”), from justice + -ery. As a translation of various Continental European offices, via Middle French justicier, Spanish justiciero, etc.

cog

(Christianity, theology) A believer in the doctrine (or heresy) that adherence to religious law redeems mankind before God.


justiciary

en-adj

justiciary (comparative more justiciary, superlative most justiciary)

more justiciary (comparative)
most justiciary (superlative)

(Christianity, theology, obsolete) Of or relating to justification or redemption before God.

(Christianity, theology, obsolete) Of or relating to the doctrine (or heresy) that adherence to religious law redeems mankind before God.


justiciar

From Late Latin justitiarius and justiciarius (“justiciar, judge, justice [of the peace]; judiciary, related to justice”), from Latin iūstitia (“justice”) + -āria (“-ary”). As a translation of various Continental European offices, via Middle French justicier, Spanish justiciero, justicia mayor, etc.

(Christianity, theology, rare) A justiciary: a believer in the doctrine (or heresy) that adherence to religious law redeems mankind before God.


age of reason

en-noun

age of reason (usually uncountable, plural ages of reason)

vastuullinen ikä

age at which a person is morally liable for the sins that he or she commits

Book 1:
Reason alone teaches us to know good and bad. . . . Before the age of reason we do good and bad without knowing it, and there is no morality in our actions. . . . A child wants to upset everything he sees; he smashes, breaks everything he can reach.
Book 4:
We hold that no child who dies before the age of reason will be deprived of eternal happiness. . . . The whole difference I see here between you and me is that you claim that children have this capacity [i.e., to recognize the divinity] at seven, and I do not even accord it to them at fifteen.

1762, Jean Jacques Rousseau, translated by Allan Bloom, Émile, or, on Education:

On September tenth — the morning of my seventh birthday — I came downstairs to the kitchen, where my mother was washing the dishes and my father was… reading the paper or something, and I sort-of presented myself to them in the doorway, and they said “Hey! Happy birthday!” And I said “I’m seven.” And my father smiled and said “Well, you know what that means, don’t you?” And I said “Yeah… that I’m gonna have a party and a cake and get a lot of presents (?)” And my dad said “Well, yes, but more importantly, being seven means that you’ve reached the age of reason, and you’re now capable of committing any and all sins against God and man.”

2006, February: Julia Sweeney, “Letting Go of God” performed at TED2006, 0:16–0:54

Since the Church has traditionally understood the age of reason to be seven years old, your daughter would not be too young to receive confirmation at age eight.

c. 2008, Michelle Arnold, "What is the correct age for confirmation?," www.catholic.com (retrieved 29 Oct 2013)

(Roman Catholicism) Seven years of age, at which age a person is morally liable for the sins that he or she commits.


pharisaism

pharisaism (countable and uncountable, plural pharisaisms)

pharisaisms (plural)
Pharisaism (alternative)
Phariseeism (alternative)

/ˈfɛɹ.əˌseɪˌɪz.əm/

From Late Latin Pharisaismus, from Pharĭsaeus (“Pharisee”) + -ismus (“-ism”); compare French Pharisaïsme, Italian Fariseismo (archaic), farisaismo.

[T]he Phariſee faſted twice every weeke, and that never cenſured in him as a peice of Phariſaiſme, or hypocriſie, or fault of any kind; but as commendable, if he had not boaſted of it.

1645 [indicated as 1646], [Henry Hammond], “Of Feasting”, in A Practicall Catechisme, Oxford: [s.n.], →OCLC, book III, section III, page 303:

But denunciations do not go far, and the only living and effective protest would be a society itself delivered from all pharisaisms and idolatries.

1915, John Oman, “The Judgment of the Churches”, in The War and Its Issues: An Attempt at a Christian Judgment, Cambridge: At the University Press, OCLC 561696232; 2nd edition, Cambridge: At the University Press, 1916, OCLC 22245117, page 59

The codes of some modern pharisaism comprise mostly some virtues and moral rules selected from the codes of the Christian pharisaisms which they oppose […]

1935, Philip Leon, The Ethics of Power, or, The Problem of Evil, London: George Allen & Unwin, →OCLC, page 152:

(chiefly Christianity) Rigid observance of external forms of religion without genuine piety; hypocrisy in religion; a censorious, self-righteous spirit in matters of morals or manners.

fariseado

rigid observance of external forms of religion


probabilism

probabilism (usually uncountable, plural probabilisms)

Coordinate term: probabiliorism

(theology, chiefly Catholicism) The casuistic doctrine that, in difficult matters of conscience, one may safely follow a doctrine that is probable, e.g. approved by a recognized Doctor of the Church, even if the opposite opinion is more probable.


sustentation

sustentation (countable and uncountable, plural sustentations)

First attested in 1382: from the Old French sustentacion, from the Latin sustentātio, from sustentō; compare the Italian sostentazione, the Occitan sustentacion, the Portuguese sustentação, and the Spanish sustentación. Doublet of sustentatio.

(Christianity) The scheme by which the ministers of the Free Church of Scotland are supported by voluntary contributions not local or congregational, but with a national altruism or solidarity paid into a great central fund, out of which equal stipends are paid to all alike.


rigorism

rigorism (countable and uncountable, plural rigorisms)

rigorisms (plural)
rigourism (alternative)

/ˈɹɪɡəˌɹɪzm/

(Christianity, theology) In Roman Catholic moral theology, the doctrine that in a case of doubt between right and wrong one should take the safer course, i.e. the one in verbal accordance with the law.


beatific vision

beatific vision (countable and uncountable, plural beatific visions)

(Christianity, theology) The eternal and direct visual perception of God.


infralapsarian

infralapsarians (plural)
infra-lapsarian (alternative)

/ˌɪn.fɹəˌlæpˈsɛəɹi.ən/

(Christianity) A Calvinist who holds that election is a logical consequent of the Fall of man in the original divine plan.


ubiquitarian

(Christianity) Any of a group of Lutherans who held that the body of Christ was present everywhere at all times.


vicariate

His next was to claim, in virtue of this vicariate, the mediatorial “power in heaven and in earth”

a. 1678 (date written), Isaac Barrow, “(please specify the chapter name or sermon number). A Treatise of the Pope's Supremacy”, in The Works of Dr. Isaac Barrow. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to VII), London: A[braham] J[ohn] Valpy, […], published 1830–1831, →OCLC:

(Christianity) The office, authority, or district of a vicar.


monial

From Anglo-Norman monyale, Middle French monyalle, or their source, Late Latin monialis.

For the first time since I had glimpsed her across the crowded ballroom I understood how I could have mistaken her for a monial of the order whose habit she wore.

1982, Gene Wolfe, chapter VII, in The Sword of the Lictor (The Book of the New Sun; 3), New York: Timescape, →ISBN, page 49:

(Christianity, now rare) A nun, especially one dedicated to an enclosed order.


anthropodicy

anthropodicy (countable and uncountable, plural anthropodicies)

/ˌænθɹəʊˈpɒdɪsi/

/ˌænθɹoʊˈpɑdɪsi/

Blend of anthropo- (prefix meaning ‘human beings, people’) + theodicy (“justification of a deity or of particular attributes of a deity; specifically, a justification of the existence of evil and suffering in the world”). Anthropo- is derived from Ancient Greek ἄνθρωπος (ánthrōpos, “human being, person; all human beings, mankind”), ultimately possibly Pre-Greek; while the -dicy element of theodicy is from Ancient Greek δῐ́κη (dĭ́kē, “justice; judgment, order; law; right”), and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *deyḱ- (“to point out”).

der

[T]he next two [devices or arguments] urge that these distresses are the prices paid for certain compensating advantages to the animals, notably existence. I have some difficulty believing that they are seriously intended, for they would, without alteration, justify the vilest imaginable human slavery and oppression. Nor is it generally true nowadays—though once it was—that those who offer such anthropodicies are much impressed by them in their original form, as theodicy.

1977, Stephen R[ichard] L[yster] Clark, “Devices of the Heathen”, in The Moral Status of Animals, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Clarendon Press, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 59:

(Christianity, philosophy) An attempt, or an argument attempting, to justify that human beings are fundamentally good despite the commission of evil acts by some people.

ანთროპოდიცეა

attempt, or argument attempting, to justify that human beings are fundamentally good


formator

The second sign is related to the infused theological virtue of charity, because the formator has to discover by observation if a candidate takes joy in serving others, especially in small or difficult ways

2011, Basil Cole, Formation of Novices and Seminarians: Nine Signs of Steady Growth, Ignatius Press:

(Christianity) A person who trains novices or seminarians.


celebret

Borrowed from Latin celebret (“may he celebrate”).

bor+

(Roman Catholicism) A letter signed by a bishop or other higher official stating that a certain priest is allowed to say Mass in a different diocese.


soulish

en-adj

soulish (comparative more soulish, superlative most soulish)

more soulish (comparative)
most soulish (superlative)

(Christianity) Relating to or involving the human soul.


definitor

(Catholicism) One who oversees either an ecclesiastical property under a bishop or possesses an office in a religious order.


dubia

en-noun

dubia pl (normally plural, singular dubium)

Borrowed from Latin dubia, plural of dubium (literally “doubt”).

Coordinate term: responsa

The dubia began as a private letter, as is usual with such requests for doctrinal clarity. Francis offered no reply.

2016 November 26, Ross Douthat, “His Holiness Declines to Answer”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

Eleven dubia, have been raised regarding the application of the Motu proprio Traditionis custodes through which in July 2021 Pope Francis promulgated new norms regarding the use of the liturgical books in use prior to the reform enacted by the Second Vatican Council.

2021 December 18, “Celebration of old rite: Holy See responds to questions presented by bishops”, in Vatican News:

On July 10, Cardinal Burke and other leading traditionalist cardinals sent a letter to Francis known as a “dubia” that conveyed their concerns about the Synod, and demanded that he clear up, among other issues, the blessing of same-sex unions.

[2023 October 3, Jason Horowitz, “Conservative Catholics, Relegated to Sidelines, Denounce Papal Gathering”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

(Roman Catholicism) A set of questions on doctrine sent by Catholic bishops to the Holy See.


pneumatology

pneumatology (countable and uncountable, plural pneumatologies)

From Ancient Greek πνεῦμα (pneûma, “breath”) + -logy.

These divine qualities migrated to Mary because of deficiencies in the theology of God, in Christology and in pneumatology. It makes no lasting sense to retain this as a permanent status quo, using Mary as a cover-up for defective notions of the divine.

2000 June 17, Elizabeth A. Johnson, “Mary of Nazareth: Friend of God and Prophet”, in America, volume 182, number 21:

(Christianity, theology) The study of the Holy Spirit as revealed in Scripture.


washed in the blood

(Christianity) Whose sins have been forgiven due to the death of Jesus.


eparchy

Via Late Latin eparchia from Koine Greek ἐπαρχία (eparkhía, “province; prefecture”), from Ancient Greek ἔπαρχος (éparkhos, “commander, governor; prefect, eparch”) from ἐπι- (epi-, “on, upon; over”) + ἀρχός (arkhós, “ruler”); equivalent to epi- + -archy.

af

(Christianity) In pre-schism Christian Church, a province under the supervision of the metropolitan.

(Christianity) In Eastern Christendom, a diocese of a bishop.


misereatur

(Christianity) The first part of the absolution service in the Roman Catholic liturgy, beginning "Misereatur vestri omnipotens Deus" (may almighty God have mercy on you).


preces

(Christianity) The alternate responsive petitions, as the versicles and suffrages, between the clergyman and the congregation in liturgical worship.


Lollardy

en-noun

Lollardy (countable and uncountable, plural Lollardies)

From the popular derogatory nickname Lollard given to those without an academic background, educated if at all only in English. By the mid-15th century the term lollard had come to mean heretic in general.

(Christianity, historical) The political and religious movement of the Lollards.


evangelistary

evangelistaries (plural)
Evangelistary (alternative)

The Exultet in sources related to southern Italy, in addition to its transmission in twenty-six rolls, is found in twenty-seven other manuscripts: eighteen missals, two evangelistaries, two pontificals, two rituals, two graduals, and one processional.

1996, Thomas Forrest Kelly, The exultet in Southern Italy, page 194:

(Christianity) A book containing selections from the Gospels, read during worship services.


hebdomadary

From Late Latin hebdomadārius, from hebdomas (“week”).

(Roman Catholicism) A member of a chapter or convent whose week it is to officiate in the choir and perform other services, which, on extraordinary occasions, are performed by the superiors.


accessus

(Christianity, historical) In electing a pope, a method by which cardinals could change their most recent vote to accede to another candidate in an attempt to reach the necessary two-thirds majority and end the conclave.


fall from grace

en-verb

fall from grace (third-person singular simple present falls from grace, present participle falling from grace, simple past fell from grace, past participle fallen from grace)

falls from grace (present singular third-person)
falling from grace (participle present)
fell from grace (past)
fallen from grace (participle past)

(Christianity) To lose God's favour through sins or wrongdoings.


Chaldean Catholic Church

the Chaldean Catholic Church (canonical)

(Christianity) An Eastern Catholic particular church (sui juris), which uses the Chaldean rite, in full communion with the Holy See and the rest of the Catholic Church.


Ancient Church of the East

the Ancient Church of the East (canonical)

Assyrian Church of the East
Assyrian Church of the East

(Christianity) A church descended from the historical Church of the East, which split from the Assyrian Church of the East over differences concerning the calendar.


Assyrian Church of the East

the Assyrian Church of the East (canonical)

Ancient Church of the East
Ancient Church of the East

(Christianity) A church descended from the historical Church of the East and seated in Erbil, distinguished from the Ancient Church of the East over issues concerning the calendar.


Arminianism

(Christianity) A school of thought within Protestantism based on the theological ideas of Jacobus Arminius.


Morning Star

In reference to Mary, mother of Jesus, cf. Star of the Sea.

(Christianity) Synonym of Mary, mother of Jesus, especially in Catholic contexts.

I, Jesus, have sent my angel to give you a this testimony for the churches. I am the Root and the Offspring of David, and the bright Morning Star.

1978, Bible (New International Version), Revelation 22:16

(Christianity, uncommon) Synonym of Jesus.


unapostolic

en-adj

unapostolic (comparative more unapostolic, superlative most unapostolic)

more unapostolic (comparative)
most unapostolic (superlative)

Yet I had not an easy conscience, nor can I now defend my compromise; for I believe that my repugnance to Infant Baptism was really intense, and my conviction that it is unapostolic as strong then as now.

1874, Francis William Newman, Phases of Faith:

The priority of the so-called gospel of Matthew, the Pauline purpose of "Luke," the second in date of our gospels, the derivative and second-hand character of "Mark," and the unapostolic origin of the fourth gospel, are points which may for the future be regarded as wellnigh established by circumstantial evidence.

1876, John Fiske, The Unseen World and Other Essays:

[7] Here, with an air of prophet-like boldness and infallibility, we have once again an announcement of the inadequacy of the Reformation, the formal and external character of prevailing types of religion, and the unapostolic nature of the existing churches.

1914, Rufus M. Jones, Spiritual Reformers in the 16th & 17th Centuries:

(Christianity) Not apostolic; unconnected to the apostles or contrary to their teachings.


andor

andors (plural)
andas (alternative)
andola (alternative)

From Portuguese andor, from Malayalam, from Sanskrit हिन्दोल (hindola, “swinging cradle, hammock litter, dooly”). Compare dooly from Sanskrit दुल् (dul) via Hindi.

der

(Portugal, Roman Catholicism) Synonym of litter, used in religious processions of saints' figurines.


Donatist

From Medieval Latin Dōnātista, from Dōnātus, one of their leaders.

Faced with petitions from the Donatists, in 311 Constantine made a decision of great significance for the future.

2009, Diarmaid MacCulloch, A History of Christianity, Penguin, published 2010, page 211:

(Christianity, historical) One of a group of Christians in fourth-century North Africa who broke away as a group after opposing the appointment of Caecilianus as Bishop of Carthage, and who disputed the validity of baptisms performed by others.


here below

Praise God, from whom all blessings flow / praise Him, all creatures here below / praise Him above, ye heavenly host / praise Father, Son, and Holy Ghost

The earth shall soon dissolve like snow / The sun forbear to shine / but God who called me here below / will be forever mine.

And if the material of the firmament resembled that of bodies here below, a theory of motion built on experience with objects within our reach might apply also to the celestial regions.

2010, John L. Heilbron, Galileo, Oxford University Press, page 120:

(Christianity) In this world; in our mortal time on the earth.


apostolado

/əˌpɒstəˈlɑːdəʊ/

Borrowed from Spanish apostolado. Doublet of apostolate.

(Christianity, art) A series of portraits of the apostles, sometimes also including those of Jesus Christ or other close disciples of Christ.


Incarnation

(Christianity) The doctrine that the second person of the Trinity assumed human form in the person of Jesus Christ and is fully divine and fully human.


five-point Calvinist

en-noun

five-point Calvinist (plural five-point Calvinists)

(Christianity) A Calvinist who believes in all five points of TULIP, including limited atonement.


limited atonement

(Christianity, theology) A doctrine, one of the Five Points of Calvinism, stating that Jesus Christ's substitutionary atonement on the cross is limited in scope to those who are predestined unto salvation, which is conferred only to believers.


total depravity

(Christianity, theology) A doctrine, one of the Five Points of Calvinism, that all human action is tainted by original sin.


four-point Calvinist

four-point Calvinist (plural four-point Calvinists)

(Christianity) A Calvinist who believes in only four of the five points of TULIP, rejecting the doctrine of limited atonement.


perseverance of the saints

perseverance of the saints (uncountable)

(Christianity, theology) A doctrine, one of the Five Points of Calvinism, stating that true believers in Jesus Christ's substitutionary atonement on the cross (the "saints") cannot relapse and are predestined to salvation.


unconditional election

(Christianity, theology) A doctrine, one of the Five Points of Calvinism, stating that Jesus Christ's substitutionary atonement on the cross is extended to those predestined to become a believer, at God's discretion and without condition.


irresistible grace

(Christianity, theology) A doctrine, one of the Five Points of Calvinism, stating that the salvific benefit of Jesus Christ's substitutionary atonement on the cross is extended to those predestined unto salvation, without any possibility of Satan or sin successfully defeating God's election.


Rota

en-proper noun

Rota (countable and uncountable, plural Rotas)

From Italian Rota, from Latin Rota, from Latin rota (“wheel”).

The Rota consists of twelve Doctors, chosen out of the four Nations of Italy, France, Spain, and Germany.

1728, Ephraim Chambers, Cyclopaedia, s.v. "Rota"

(Catholicism) A branch of the papal Curia which serves as an appellate court in ecclesiastical cases, including cases of marriage nullity.


adelphopoiesis

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀδελφοποίησις (adelphopoíēsis), from ἀδελφός (adelphós, “brother”) + ποίησις (poíēsis, “creation”). By surface analysis, adelpho- + -poiesis.

bor

ἀδελφοποίησις

surf

(history, Christianity) A ceremony where males are unionised with one another.

vëllamësi

a ceremony where two men are united with one another


hegumen

hegumens (plural)
hegumenos (alternative)
egumen (alternative)
igumen (alternative)
higumen (alternative)
ihumen (alternative)
hegumon (alternative)

Ultimately from Ancient Greek ἡγούμενος (hēgoúmenos, “leader”).

der

From 1517 to 1637 a total of 19 Kirillov hegumens were transferred to other influential positions, and nine of them were raised to episcopal seats.

2015, Ines Angeli Murzaku, Monasticism in Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Republics:

Eastern Orthodox Church
Eastern Orthodox Church

(Christianity) The head of a monastery of the Eastern Orthodox Church or Eastern Catholic Churches.


Number of the Beast

(Christianity) The number 666, esoterically regarded as being related to the Beast.


Palamism

From Palamite + -ism, a technical term in the field of Church history coined in the mid 20th century.

The last years of the empire witnessed in Palamism a great revival of mystical personal religion.

1949, English Historical Review, 64, p. 505:

The victory of Palamism in the fourteenth century was therefore the victory of a specifically Christian, God-centered humanism for which the Greek patristic tradition always stood.

1974, John Meyendorff, Byzantine theology: historical trends and doctrinal themes, I. v., p. 78:

(Christianity) The beliefs and practices of the Palamites.


antiprotestant

en-adj

antiprotestant (comparative more antiprotestant, superlative most antiprotestant)

more antiprotestant (comparative)
most antiprotestant (superlative)

(Christianity) Opposing the Protestant form of Christianity.


Iscariot

From Ancient Greek Ἰσκαριώτης (Iskariṓtēs)/ Ἰσκαριώθ (Iskariṓth); the original Hebrew or Aramaic term is unknown and the subject of much debate. For more information, see the name and background section of Wikipedia's article on Judas Iscariot.

(Christianity) Epithet of Judas Iscariot, one of the twelve disciples of Jesus in the New Testament, who betrayed Jesus into the hands of the chief priests for 30 pieces of silver, and of his father Simon Iscariot.


uprist

From Middle English uprist, opriste, from Old English *ūprist (“uprising”), from *upp (“up”) + *ristiz (“ascension, rise”); equivalent to up- + rist (“a rising”). Compare Old English ǣrist (“rising, rising up, resurrection, awakening”), Old High German urrist (“resurrection”), Gothic 𐌿𐍂𐍂𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍃 (urrists, “resurrection”).

cog

(obsolete, Christianity) The Resurrection.


orphrey

orphreys (plural)
orfrey (alternative)
orphray (alternative)

From Middle English orfray, orfrei, orefreys (“elaborate (especially gold) embroidery; fabric adorned with such embroidery; embroidered ornamental band or border; decorative elements”), from Anglo-Norman and Middle French orfrais, orfreis, orfrois, and other forms, from Late Latin aurifrasium, aurifrisium, aurifrigium and other forms, from Latin aurum Phrygium (“gold embroidery”, literally “Phrygian gold”), from aurum (“gold”) + Phrygium (neuter singular of Phrygius (“Phrygian”), the Phrygians being renowned for their gold embroidery). The English word is cognate with Late Latin orfrasium, orfresium, Old Occitan aurfre, aurfres, orfres (modern Occitan aurfrés), Spanish orofrés.

refn

From the collection of the Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum in New York City, New York, USA.

der

Item, another Chaſuble of blue Tiſſue Velvet, with Flowers and Branches of Gold, and in the Orphrey a Picture of the Paſſion of Chriſt, and of either ſide of him an Angel with Chalices in their Hands, two Tunicles and three Albes.

1553 May 18, William Dugdale, “A True Copy of an Inventory Remaining in the Registry of the Dean and Chapter of Lincoln, Taken the Eighteenth Day of May, in the Seventh Year of the Reign of King Edward the Sixth, of All the Plate, Jewels, Vestments, Copes, Altar Cloths, and Other Ornaments Appertaining to the Cathedral Church of Lincoln”, in Monasticon Anglicanum: Or, The History of the Ancient Abbies, Monasteries, Hospitals, Cathedral and Collegiate Churches, with Their Dependencies, in England and Wales: […], London: Printed by R. Harbin; For D. Browne and J. Smith, […], published 1718, →OCLC, page 317, column 1:

This word [orphrey] is used for a band or border of rich work, generally of gold or silver texture, which is sewed on to church vestments and furniture. All copes have an orphrey, or border, on the straight edge. On chasubles the Orphrey at present forms a cross behind, and falls in a straight line, in front of the vestment. Antiently the Orphreys were the same behind and before, like a Pallium, as may be seen in all monuments of the middle ages.

1844, A[ugustus] Welby [Northmore] Pugin, “Orphrey”, in Glossary of Ecclesiastical Ornament and Costume, Compiled and Illustrated from Antient Authorities and Examples, […], London: Henry G[eorge] Bohn, […], →OCLC, page 169:

In some cases these panel-decorations [of vestments] are similar both in style and material to the border or "orfrey." [...] Orfrey signifies a gold fringe, or gold border. At the present time the accepted technical term for the border of the vestment is the "orfrey;" and this is used whether the border be of gold or coloured silks.

1873 September, “Needlework”, in George Grove, editor, Macmillan’s Magazine, volume XXVIII, number 167, London: Macmillan and Co. […], →OCLC, page 431, column 2:

He possessed a gorgeous cope of crimson silk and gold-thread damask, [...] The orphreys were divided into panels representing scenes from the life of the Virgin, and the coronation of the Virgin was figured in coloured silks upon the hood. [...] The orphreys were woven in a diaper of red and gold silk, and were starred with medallions of many saints and martyrs, among whom was St. Sebastian.

1891, Oscar Wilde, chapter XI, in The Picture of Dorian Gray, London, New York, N.Y., Melbourne, Vic.: Ward Lock & Co., →OCLC, pages 207–208:

I wish your lordship would do us the honour to come and inspect one particularly magnificent specimen of devout labour—a tunicle of glaucous silk powdered with red roses and blue fleurs-de-lys, and another of the same field with orphreys of gold and sown with peacocks, griffins, and sanguine cockatrices. And I may add that with astonishing accuracy this superb example is worn over a green alb.

1923, Compton Mackenzie, “St. Cuthbert’s, Chelsea”, in The Parson’s Progress, London, New York, N.Y.: Cassell and Company, →OCLC, page 136:

Another Alderman, Master Thomas Robertson provided vestments of green velvet and white damask with an orphray (a rich embroidered border) of red velvet, another of white satin of Bruges powdered with flowers and an orphray of black velvet and green Bruges satin.

2010, Kate Giles, “‘A Table of Alabaster with the Story of the Doom’: The Religious Objects and Spaces of the Guild of Our Blessed Virgin, Boston (Lincs)”, in Tara Hamling, Catherine Richardson, editors, Everyday Objects: Medieval and Early Modern Material Culture and Its Meanings, Farnham, Surrey, Burlington, Vt.: Ashgate Publishing, →ISBN, page 273:

(Christianity) An embroidered ornamental band or border on an ecclesiastical vestment, altar frontal, etc.

krumplování

embroidered ornamental band or border on an ecclesiastical vestment, etc.


quadragene

en-noun

quadragene (plural quadragenes or quadragenae)

quadragenes (plural)
quadragenae (plural)
Quadragene (alternative)

From Late Latin quadragēna (“40-day period, Lent”), from Latin quadrāgēnus (“40 each”), from quadrāgintā (“four tens, forty”). Doublet of carene and quarantine.

der

You have with much labour, and some charge, purchased to your self so many Quadragenes or Lents of pardon; that is, you have bought off the penances of so many times forty dayes. It is well; but were you well advised, it may be your Quadragenes are not Carenes; that is, are not a quitting the severest penances of fasting so long in bread and water; for there is great difference in the manner of keeping a penitential Lent, and it may be you have purchased but some lighter thing; and then if your demerit arise to so many Carenes, and you purchased but mere Quadragenes, without a minute and table of particulars, you may stay longer in Purgatory than you expected... And they that read... will soon perceive that all this is but a handful of smoke, when you hold it, you hold it not.

1664, Jeremy Taylor, A Disswasive from Popery to the People of Ireland, page 93:

Careen (and its Latin source, quadragene) no longer made sense in the fifteenth century because priests no longer distributed punishments in forty-day parcels, the duration of Lent... the culture had shifted from brief punishments on earth to long punishments in the afterlife, in Purgatory. But the term was still in circulation, and people sought to make sense of it by inventing new definitions for it.

2016, Kathryn M. Rudy, Rubrics, Images, & Indulgences in Late Medieval Netherlandish Manuscripts, pages 47–8:

(Catholicism, historical) An indulgence from 40 days of fasting or similar abstinence, especially during Lent; (later) various equivalent indulgences against punishment in Purgatory.

Actors and spectators were often granted indulgences; generally^([sic]) to the scale of one Quadragene (a forty-day fast on bread and water in return for divine grace).

2001, Erika Fischer-Lichte, translated by Jo Riley, History of European Drama and Theatre, page 47:

(Catholicism, historical) An indulgence provided by 40 days of fasting.


Theotokos

/θiːˈɒtəˌkɒs/

Borrowed from Koine Greek Θεοτόκος (Theotókos, “the God-bearer”), from Ancient Greek Θεός (Theós, “God”) + τόκος (tókos, “childbirth”). First attested in 3rd–4th century. Cf. Christotokos.

bor+

It is then an integral portion of the Faith fixed by Ecumenical Council, a portion of it which you hold as well as I, that the Blessed Virgin is Theotocos, Deipara, or Mother of God; and this word, when thus used, carries with it no admixture of rhetoric, no taint of extravagant affection,—it has nothing else but a well-weighed, grave, dogmatic sense […]

1866, John Henry Newman, D.D., A Letter to the Rev. E. B. Pusey, D.D. on His Recent Eirenicon, London: Longmans, Green, Reader, and Dyer, page 66:

(Christianity, chiefly Orthodoxy) Synonym of Mary, mother of Jesus, in particular reference to her role giving birth to God.

Hyjlindëses

Mary, mother of Jesus, as God-bearer — see also Mary, Mother of God
Note: Only titles directly borrowed from the Greek or that literally mean "God-bearer" should go here. Translations that simply mean in the language in question should go at that entry.


Whit Tuesday

(Christianity) The Tuesday that immediately follows Whit Monday.


purity ring

Coordinate term: promise ring

(Christianity) A ring representing a religious vow to abstain from sexual intercourse until marriage.


mozzetta

mozzettas (plural)
mozzette (plural)
mosette (alternative)
mozetta (alternative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-mozzetta.wav

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-mozzette.wav

Borrowed from French mozzete (obsolete) (modern French mosette, mossette), and from its etymon Italian mozzetta; further etymology uncertain, possibly either:
* from Italian mozzo (“cut off; shortened”, adjective) (from Vulgar Latin *mutius, from Latin mutilus (“mutilated”); further etymology uncertain, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *mut- (“cut short”)); or
* from Late Latin almucia (“hood or cape with a hood worn by clergy”) (further etymology unknown)
+ Italian -etta (feminine form of -etto (diminutive suffix)).
The plural form mozzette is borrowed from Italian mozzette.

der

Benedict [XVI], the first pope to resign voluntarily in six centuries, will dress in a simple white cassock, forgoing the mozzetta, the elbow-length cape worn by some Catholic clergymen, the Vatican spokesman, the Rev. Federico Lombardi, told reporters at a news briefing.

2013 February 26, Gaia Pianigiani, Elisabetta Povoledo, “Benedict XVI to be known as emeritus in retirement”, in The New York Times, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-06-24:

On that night of his election he [Pope Francis] stepped out on to the balcony overlooking Saint Peter's Square in simple white robes, refusing the fancy red mozzetta or cape that Benedict [XVI] had sported when he had been announced as pope. When told to put on white trousers, he later remembered in his autobiography, he replied: "I don't want to be an ice-cream seller."

2025 April 21, Peter Stanford, “Pope Francis obituary: Leader of the Catholic church who pushed for social and economic justice, and an urgent response to the climate crisis”, in Katharine Viner, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2025-04-25:

The most notable figure in the room is Irish-American Cardinal Kevin Farrell, who is the Pope [Francis]'s "camerlengo" or chamberlain and runs the Vatican until a new Pope is chosen. The cardinal – in red mozzetta and cassock – is shown blessing the body of the late Pope during the rite of the declaration of death.

2025 April 22, “In Pictures: Symbolism on Show as Pope Francis Lies in Open Coffin”, in BBC News, archived from the original on 2025-04-28:

(Roman Catholicism) A short cape covering the shoulders and buttoned in front, with a hood, which is worn by the pope, cardinals, bishops, and other senior clergy.

muceta

short cape with a hood worn by senior clergy


pharisaically

en-adv

pharisaically (comparative more pharisaically, superlative most pharisaically)

more pharisaically (comparative)
most pharisaically (superlative)

(chiefly Christianity) In a pharisaical manner.


Montanism

The disappearance of charismatic wandering Christian teachers or prophets and the assertion of the authority of bishops were probably sealed by the Catholic Church's confrontation in the later second century with a movement known as Montanism or ‘the New Prophecy’.

2009, Diarmaid MacCulloch, A History of Christianity, Penguin, published 2010, page 138:

(Christianity) The doctrines of a heretical sect of the second to fifth centuries in Asia Minor, who held millenarian beliefs.

الْمُونْتَانِيَّة

the doctrines of a heretical sect of the second to fifth centuries in Asia Minor, who held millenarian beliefs


red-letter edition

en-noun

red-letter edition (plural red-letter editions)

(Christianity, publishing) Any of various editions of the Bible in which the words of Christ are printed in red.


echage

Security in Gondar depended largely on the sanctity of the echage’s quarter as a place of asylum.

1972, Donald Crummey, Priests and Politicians:

The emperor sent an evasive reply and, upon crossing the border, made sure that the echage (the head of Ethiopia's monastic system) marched on his right.

2002, Haggai Erlich, The Cross and the River, page 117:

Täklä Haymanot was the first in a series of monks to become a key figure at Court, as the Echage (ečägé).

2009, Diarmaid MacCulloch, A History of Christianity, Penguin, published 2010, page 281:

(Christianity) The chief official in the monastic system of Ethiopia.


antidoron

From Byzantine Greek αντίδωρον (antídōron) from Koine Greek ἀντίδωρον (antídōron) from Ancient Greek ἀντί + δῶρον (antí + dôron, “gift in return; instead of a gift”).

der

ἀντί + δῶρον

(Christianity, Eastern Orthodoxy, Eastern Catholicism) A piece of ordinary leavened bread, taken from remnants of loaves used for the Eucharist, which has been blessed but not consecrated; distributed in churches that use the Byzantine Rite.


cephalophore

From Ancient Greek κεφαλή (kephalḗ, “head”) + -φορος (-phoros, “bearing”), a derivative of φέρω (phérō, “I bear, I carry”); in the Christian sense, via French céphalophore, coined by Marcel Hébert in 1914.

According to William of Worcester, quite a large number of Cornish saints were cephalophores: besides S. Nectan and S. Willow, he tells us that “there were three brothers under the name of Genesius and each one carried his head.”

1960, Gilbert Hunter Doble, The Saints of Cornwall, volume 5, page 60:

(Roman Catholicism) Any of a group of saints depicted in art carrying heads in their hands.


theosis

tlb

(Christianity, chiefly Eastern Orthodoxy, theology)

/θiːˈəʊ.sɪs/

Borrowed from Latin theōsis, from Ancient Greek θέωσις (théōsis).

For him, theosis or deification was the destination for human salvation, whose attainment Adam’s sin in Eden had imperilled but not rendered impossible;[…]

2009, Diarmaid MacCulloch, A History of Christianity: The First Three Thousand Years, Viking Press, →ISBN, page 440:

The likeness to or union with God; deification.


Monothelete

Variant form of Monothelite after its etymon, Byzantine Greek μονοθελήτης (monothelḗtēs).

der

(Christianity, historical) Someone who believed Christ had two natures (human and divine), but one single will; a Monothelite.

monoteleta

member of an early Christian sect which held that Jesus Christ has two natures but one will


Monothelete

en-adj

Monothelete (comparative more Monothelete, superlative most Monothelete)

more Monothelete (comparative)
most Monothelete (superlative)

The increasing desperation of the imperial authorities to reap political benefits from their Monothelete compromise in the face of Arab military successes led them into brutal measures, not merely against Maximus but against Pope Martin; that did more to harm than help the Monothelete cause.

2009, Diarmaid MacCulloch, A History of Christianity, Penguin, published 2010, pages 441–2:

(Christianity, historical) Pertaining to such a belief.


savedness

The conviction that man exists in the modality of lostness, so that he must undergo a metamorphosis in order to be found in the modality of savedness, is something that is derived from special revelation.

1970, Leonard Verduin, Somewhat less than God: the Biblical view of man:

Our savedness is not our privilege but our responsibility. To reduce the scope of the saving work of God, to say that Christ died "to save me," is to say far too little, and thus to distort the gospel.

1985, Darrell L. Guder, Be my witnesses: the church's mission, message, and messengers, page 11:

Could a person ever lose this savedness? If so, how and at what point?

2006, Daniel Whyte III, When Black Preachers Preach, volume 2, page 123:

(Christianity) The quality of being saved, or rescued from the consequences of sin.


reaggravation

(Christianity) The last monitory before excommunication.


labis

(Christianity) A spoon used in the Eucharist.


Jesuitism

en-noun

Jesuitism (countable and uncountable, plural Jesuitisms)

(Christianity) The principles and practices of the Jesuits.

jesuitismo

the principles and practices of the Jesuits


Apollyonic

en-adj

Apollyonic (comparative more Apollyonic, superlative most Apollyonic)

more Apollyonic (comparative)
most Apollyonic (superlative)

(Christianity) Of or pertaining to Apollyon.


repletive

repletive (comparative more repletive, superlative most repletive)

more repletive (comparative)
most repletive (superlative)

This repletive existence is now attributed also to the body of Christ.

1905, Reinhold Seeberg, History of doctrines in the middle and modern ages, page 326:

Christ is also present in the Supper by virtue of his "repletive presence.”

2015, Hans Boersma, Matthew Levering, The Oxford Handbook of Sacramental Theology:

This could be the structural framework which explains Brenz's sharply distinguished – if not diastatic – notion between the circumscriptive and the repletive sphere.

2012, Joar Haga, Was there a Lutheran Metaphysics?:, page 143:

Finally, there is "repletive ubeity ", which Leibniz assigns to God, and who “operates immediately on all created things, continually producing them, whereas finite minds cannot immediately influence or operate upon them".

2016, Edward Slowik, The Deep Metaphysics of Space, page 249:

(Christianity) Ubiquitious; everywhere; unbounded by physical constraints.


pernoctation

en-noun

pernoctation (countable and uncountable, plural pernoctations)

/ˌpɜːnɒkˈteɪʃn̩/

PIE word
 *nókʷts
Learned borrowing from Late Latin pernoctātiō (“act of spending of the night (doing something, particularly praying)”), from pernoctō (“to spend the night”) + -tiō (action noun suffix). Pernoctō is from per- (prefix with the sense of completion or entirety forming verbs) + nox (“night; darkness”). By surface analysis, pernoctate + -ion.

af

[I]n general the veſpers begin a little before ſunſet; the matins at four o'clock in the morning, and the liturgy or communion about nine; and when the vigil, or pernoctation, is performed, that ſervice begins after ſunſet; and there is no ſervice, in the morning following, till the communion.

1772, John Glen King, “The Order of the After-vespers”, in The Rites and Ceremonies of the Greek Church, in Russia; […], London: […] W. Owen, […]; J[ames] Dodsley, […]; J[ohn] Rivington, […]; and T. Becket and P. A. De Hondt, […], →OCLC, footnote 6, page 82:

(countable, religion, chiefly Christianity, obsolete) A religious watch kept during normal sleeping hours, during which prayers or other ceremonies are performed; a vigil.


episcopant

[T]he interceſſion of all theſe Apoſtolick Fathers could not prevaile vvith them to alter their reſolved decree of reducing into Order their uſurping, and over-provender'd Epiſcopants: […]

1641 June or July, [John Milton], Of Prelatical Episcopacy, and Whither It may be Deduc’d from the Apostolical Times by Vertue of Those Testimonies which are Alledg’d to that Purpose in Some Late Treatises: […], London: […] R[ichard] O[ulton] & G[regory] D[exter] for Thomas Underhill, […], →OCLC, page 21:


antecommunion

ante-Communion (alternative)
Ante-Communion (alternative)

(Christianity, historical) The part of the Anglican communion liturgy that precedes the consecration of the elements.


transelementation

(obsolete, especially Roman Catholicism) transubstantiation


stercoranist

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin stercoranista + English -ist (suffix denoting people who subscribe to particular theological doctrines or religious denominations). Stercoranista is derived from Latin stercora + -n- + -ista (suffix denoting people who believe or practise); while stercora is the nominative plural of stercus (“dung, excrement, ordure”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)terǵ-, *(s)terḱ-, *(s)treḱ- (“dung, manure; to soil, sully; to decay”).

lbor

[T]his very thing that Mr. Arnaud [i.e., Antoine Arnauld] believes Amalarius vvas a Stercoraniſt ought to convince him on the contrary that this Author did not believe the change or converſion of the ſubſtance in the Euchariſt.

1684, Jean Claude, “Of Other Authors in the Ninth Century, Amalarius, Heribald, Raban, Bertram, and John Scot”, in The Catholick Doctrine of the Eucharist in All Ages: […], part II, London: […] for R[ichard] Royston, […], →OCLC, book VI (Concerning the Change which has Hapned in the Doctrin of the Latin Church in Respect of the Eucharist. […]), page 245:

[…] Humburtus Biſhop of Silvâ Candida calls Nicetas Stercoraniſt. […] If Cardinal Humbert drevv up Berengarius his Recantation, he vvas the verieſt Stercoraniſt vvho called Stercoraniſt firſt, and Pope Nicolaus the ſecond vvith the vvhole Councel that impoſed that Form of Abjuration upon him, vvere Stercoraniſts to ſome purpoſe; vvho taught him, That Chriſts body is truly and ſenſiby handled and broken by the Prieſts hands, and ground by the Teeth of the Faithful.

1686, [Pierre Allix], “That the Treatise Expressly Confutes the Doctrine of Transubstantiation, and is Very Agreeable to the Doctrine of the Church of England”, in Ratramnus, translated by [William Hopkins], The Book of Bertram or Ratramnus, Priest and Monk of Corbey; Concerning the Body and Blood of the Lord, […], London: […] Ch. Shortgrave […], →OCLC, page xcviii:

Great conteſts have ariſen in the church of Rome, vvhether the ſacramental bread and vvine vvere ſo far digeſted, as that ſome part of them, like other food, vvas turned into excrements: thoſe vvho held the affirmative, vvent by the name of Stercorarians or Stercoraniſtæ. Cardinal Humbert, in his anſvver to Nicetas Pectoratus, treats him as a Stercoraniſt, merely for holding that the euchariſt breaks the faſt; vvhich opinion he imagined led directly into Stercoraniſm.

1758, “Essay III”, in Considerations upon War, upon Cruelty in General, and Religious Cruelty in Particular. […], London: […] T[homas] Osborne, […], →OCLC, section VI, footnote h, page 147:

He [Humbert of Silva Candida] designated his adversary [Niketas Stethatos] a Stercoranist, because he had said that the eucharist broke the fast; he anathematised him, and all who thought with him, until they should forsake their errors.

1841, J[ohann] J[oseph] Ig[naz von] Döllinger, “History of the Heresies, Dogmatical Contests, and Schisms”, in Edward Cox, transl., A History of the Church […], volume III, London: C[harles] Dolman, […], and by T[homas] Jones, […], →OCLC, section IX (Relations of the Two Churches in the Tenth and Eleventh Centuries. Renewal of the Schism by Michael Cerularius), page 106:

Adherents of Christ's material presence in the Eucharist had also to answer (or deflect, with ridicule) the stercoranists, those who took seriously the possibility of Christ's body being not only masticated, but excreted, subject to all cloacal indignities.

2007, Eric S. Mallin, “Crackers (Titus)”, in Godless Shakespeare, London, New York, N.Y.: Continuum, →ISBN, part 1 (Hell), page 38:

(Christianity, derogatory, historical) One who believes that the Eucharist undergoes the process of digestion in, and eventually elimination from, the body of the recipient, not just in the empirical accidents of its elements, but as the body and blood of Christ.

one who believes that the Eucharist undergoes in essence the process of digestion in, and eventually elimination from, the body of the recipient

henkilö, joka uskoo ehtoollisen poistuvan kehosta muun ruoan tavoin


impanator

(rare, Christianity) One who holds the doctrine of impanation.


Novatianism

/nəʊˈveɪʃəˌnɪzəm/

Novatianism still retained a measure of the Divine Spirit , and was honoured with furnishing those who suffered for Jesus

1794, Joseph Milner, The History of the Church of Christ:

(historical, Christianity) A rigorist Christian sect that opposed re-admitting baptised Christians who had previously renounced their faith under persecution and by extension all those who had committed a mortal sin, founded by the priest and antipope Novatian in the third century.


Barnabite

(Roman Catholicism) A member of a religious order originally associated with the church of St. Barnabas in Milan.


rotal

From Italian and Latin Rota (“an ecclesiastical appellate court in the Catholic Church”) + -al (“forming adjectives”), under the influence of Latin rotālis.

der

(Catholicism) Of or relating to the Rota.


Gallicanism

en-noun

Gallicanism (countable and uncountable, plural Gallicanisms)

[…] after being ordained, [Wake] went to Paris in 1682 as chaplain to Viscount Preston. Here Wake came into close touch with Gallicanism […]

1912, “Wake, William”, in The New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge, volume 12, page 237:

Moreover, the enthusiasm with which Hecker’s ideas had been received among Catholic liberals in France served to increase Leo XIII’s suspicion that Americanism was yet another attempt, not so very different from the Gallicanisms of the past, to assert the independence of a national church from Rome.

1999, Michael W. Cuneo, The Smoke of Satan: Conservative and Traditionalist Dissent in Contemporary American Catholicism, →ISBN, page 8:

(historical, chiefly Roman Catholicism) The doctrine that the church of France is autonomous, especially in relation to the pope; also, the intellectual movement in support of this doctrine and the policies expressing it.

高卢主义

doctrine of autonomy of the French church

It must be remembered that the Gelasian Sacramentary is a Gallican recension of a Roman Sacramentary, and that it abounds in Gallicanisms.

1895, F. E. Warren, “Introduction”, in The Antiphonary of Bangor: An Early Irish Manuscript in the Ambrosian Library at Milan, part 2, page xxviii:

The earliest surviving Anglo-Saxon books are full of Gallicanisms: just as the Stowe Missal, though it contains the Roman Canon, betrays at every turn its Celtic origin.

1904, C. J. B. Gaskoin, Alcuin: His Life and Work, page 217:

Whatever Gallicanisms are found in the Dominican rite were not taken directly from the Gallican rite—for this had long ceased to exist—but from the Roman rite. As a matter of fact some of the Gallican customs incorporated in the Roman rite were rejected by the Friars Preachers in favor of the more ancient practice of Rome.

1939, William R. Bonniwell, “The Dominican Rite”, in The American Ecclesiastical Review, volume 100, number 6, page 508:

(Christianity) A liturgical feature distinctive of the Gallican Rite.


sacramentary

Borrowed from Ecclesiastical Latin sacramentarium; compare French sacramentaire.

bor+

(Roman Catholicism) An ancient book of the Roman Catholic Church, containing the rites for Mass, the sacraments, etc.

sakramentář

ancient book containing the rites for Mass, the sacraments, etc.


selah

From Biblical Hebrew סֶלָה (sélā), of unknown origin.

At times, we too, need to experience a "Selah" in our lives, a time when we pause and rest. To be still and rest is good therapy for today's fast pace of living. The heart strings may be taut, even on the verge of snapping. Suddenly, God inserts a "Selah," a rest, that we might pause and calmly think of Him.

1981, Millie Stamm, Be Still and Know, Grand Rapids, Mich.: Zondervan Publishing House, →ISBN, page 14:

Unless the musicians themselves develop a prophetic lifestyle, the selah will be only an irritating piece of ritual. But if the musicians have an ear to hear, a selah will be a highly creative interlude that opens the door for the Holy Spirit to take the church into a higher level of inspiration.

2003, Stan Smith, Prophetic Song: Gateway to Glory, [s.l.]: Xulon Press, →ISBN, page 142:

Your crossroads moment is often a transition time, or Selah, for him as well. Two Selahs happening at once can create added stress.

2004, Nancie Carmichael, Selah: Your Moment to Stop, Think, and Step into Your Future, Grand Rapids, Mich.: Fleming H. Revell Company, →ISBN, page 133:

Maybe this is a good time for a Selah. Lol. It is for me. Selah means “pause, and think about that” or a more literal definition, “God had spoken.”

2014, Joshua Woods, A Song for the Lonely: The Missing Key to Once and for All Seal Your Pact With God, Bloomington, Ind.: Balboa Press, →ISBN, page 200:

(Christianity) A pause or rest of a contemplative nature.


altar girl

(Christianity) A girl serving as an acolyte.


thlipsis

From New Latin thlipsis, from Ancient Greek θλῖψις (thlîpsis, “pressure”).

der

This thlipsis is something possessed in common by monks who find their monastic life most difficult, and by those laypeople who would perhaps be monks if they were able.

2003, Robin Amis, A Different Christianity, page 268:

Then in verse 29 Jesus says immediately after this thlipsis there will be signs in the heavens, and Jesus returns with His angels to gather his saints.

2005, Elmer Wiebe, Who Is the Adventist Jesus?, page 254:


pre-Cana

From pre- + Cana, from the biblical story of the wedding feast at Cana.

(Christianity, in Catholic tradition) Prior to a wedding.


Homologoumena

From New Latin homologūmena, from Ancient Greek ὁμολογούμενα (homologoúmena, literally “things agreed upon”), neuter plural form of the present mediopassive participle of ὁμολογέω (homologéō, “to agree with”).

ὁμολογούμενα

(Christianity, history) The books of the New Testament which were acknowledged as canonical by the early church, as opposed to Antilegomena.


Gallican

Borrowed from Latin Gallicānus (“pertaining to Gaul or France; Gallican”), from Gallicus (“Gaulish, French”) (from Gallia (“Gaul”)) + -ānus (suffix meaning ‘of or pertaining to’).

bor+

the Gallican church or clergy

Relating to the French Roman Catholic church, especially before the late 19th century.

高卢教会的

relating to the French Roman Catholic church

(Roman Catholicism, chiefly historical)
Relating to Gallicanism.


mundatory

(Christianity) A purificator (napkin used during Holy Communion).


figurist

(Christianity, historical) A proponent of figurism.


incensation

en-noun

incensation (countable and uncountable, plural incensations)

After the third incensation, the censer is given to a priest, vested in surplice, who, till the end of the consecration, continues going around the altar, incensing it on all sides, save when the bishop uses the censer.

(Roman Catholicism) The offering of incense.


Lententide

From Lenten (“of or related to Lent”) + tide (“time”).


antepaschal

Other Christians, for instance, had contented themselves with celebrating only one solemn fast in the year, namely, the Antepaschal one; but Montanus enjoined his followers to observe two additional weeks, with the exception of[…]

1854, Johann Lorenz Mosheim, Historical Commentaries on the State of Christianity During the First Three Hundred and Twenty-five Years from the Christian Era: Being a Translation of "The Commentaries on the Affairs of the Christians Before the Time of Constantine the Great.", page 506:

(chiefly Christianity) Relating to the time before the Passover, or before Easter.


Mariolater

(Protestantism, derogatory, religious slur) One who worships the Virgin Mary.


metamorphist

I would you did but see what I have seene in these Conntries, as concerning the deadly hatreds, contentions & differensions of Luther has of-fspring: as of the Muntzerans, Anabaptists, Adamists, […] Metamorphists, Iudaists, Neutersacramentaries, Image-breakers, […], & of such like: al which have sucked their errours out of the dregges of Luthers doctrine, and yet forsooth will be found Protestants all.

1604, George Abbot, The Reasons which Doctour Hill Hath Brought for the Upholding of Papistry, page 97:

(Christianity, theology) One who believes that the body of Christ was merged into God when he ascended.


Father of Heaven

O God the Father of Heaven, have Mercy upon us, miſerable Sinners. [¶] The addreſſing God the Father, by the Name of Father of Heaven, and the praying to him ſeparately, is juſtified by theſe Words of St. Paul, For this Cauſe I bow my Knees unto the Father of our Lord Jeſus Chriſt, of whom the whole Family in Heaven and Earth is named, Epheſ. iii. 13, 14.

1737, Laurence Clarke, “Of the Litany”, in A Compleat Exposition of the Book of Common-Prayer, page 37:

(Christianity) An epithet of God the Father.


Redeemer of Mankind

O God the Son, Redeemer of Mankind, Have Mercy on us.

1728, A Manual of Prayers and Other Chriſtian Devotions, §: “The Litany of the Saints and Angels”, page 50


Perfecter of the Elect

O God the Holy Ghoſt, Perfecter of the Elect, Have Mercy on us.

(Christianity) An epithet of the Holy Spirit.


Spirit of God

From Middle English Spirit of God, spirit of God, spiryt of God.

The Holy Spirit is now the Spirit of Christ as it was once known by the title of the Spirit of God.

1731, “Dialogue on the Holy Spirit”, in Alexander Campbell, editor, The Millennial Harbinger, volume 2, page 553:


Splendour of the Father

Indeed he expreſsly teaches that the Power of the Word, even when he thus humbles himſelf, does moſt perfect and nearly converſe with God the Father, and abiding in him, does more ineffably enjoy his Secrets, in like manner as Athanaſius ſays, The Word himſelf does not ſo condeſcend, but that he always remains the unalloyed Splendour of the Father.

1714, Bp George Bull, Some Important Points of Primitive Chriſtianity Maintained and Defended (2nd ed.), volume III, discourse IV: “The Conſubſtantiality and Coeternity of the Son of God with God the Father, Aſſerted; or ſome few Animadverſions on a Treatiſe of Mr. Gilbert Clerke, entituled Anteniceniſmus, ſo far as the ſaid Author pretends to anſwer Dr. George Bull’s Defenſe of the Nicene Faith, &c.”, §: ‘Animadverſions on the Treatiſe itſelf’, page 950


Abba

From Middle English, from Latin abba, from Ancient Greek ἀββα (abba), from Aramaic אבא/ܐܒܐ (ʼabbāʼ, “father”).

And because yee are sonnes, God hath sent foorth the spirit of his Sonne into your hearts, crying Abba, Father.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Galatians 4:6:

The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles

Oxford University Press
w:Oxford University Press

(Christianity) Father, an honorific title given to God in the New Testament, especially used in prayers.


Spiritual

But in the years that followed, the cause of the Spirituals became championed by far more substantial figures within the church.

2007, Edwin Mullins, The Popes of Avignon, Blue Bridge, published 2008, page 56:

(Christianity, historical) A member of a branch of the Franciscan order that advocated simple dress and renounced the owning of property.


Origenist

Borrowed from Late Latin Ōrigenista, from Ōrigenēs + -ista. By surface analysis, Origen + -ist.

(Christianity) Of or relating to Origenism, the teachings of Origen of Alexandria that were anathematized by the Synod of Constantinople (543).


incameration

The Treaty of Pisa, signed the 17th of February 1664, ended the quarrels between the court of France and the pope. . . . ‘The pope shall revoke the incameration of the duchies of Castro and Ronciglione. The duke of Parma shall take possession of them, paying to the apostolical chamber the sum he owes it, of a million three hundred twenty-nine thousand seven hundred and fifty crowns.’

1762, Paul M. Rapin de Thoyras, Nicolas Tindal, The History of England, Volume 12, page 382:

(obsolete, Roman Catholicism) The incorporation of certain property, rights, or income into the dominion of the Pope.


solicitant

Latin solicitans, present participle of sollicitō.

How like to the conduct of a Titular Bishop of Derry, who, when a Priest was accused of the crime of "solicitant at confession," expressed his abhorrence of the offence, and punished the offender by removing him to a better parish!

1840, The Orthodox Presbyterian Theological Review and Missionary Recorder:

Solicitant, one who, abusing the privacy of the confessional, tempts women to a violation of chastity.

1894, James Strong, Cyclopaedia of Biblical, Theological, and Ecclesiastical Literature, volume 9, page 861:

That the Confessional has been grossly used for immoral purposes, by evil-disposed priests, and that to a gigantic extent in the Church of Rom, is amply proved, beyond the possibility of refutation, by the Bulls of the Popes themselves against solicitant priests.

1898, Walter Walsh, The Secret History of the Oxford Movement, page 118:

(Catholicism, historical) A priest who abused the confessional to solicit women.


Seceder

(Protestantism, rare, can be derogatory) A member of the Free Presbyterian Church of Scotland.


ecclesiarch

(Christianity) An official of the Eastern Church, equivalent to a sacristan in the Western Church.


intertestamental

From inter- + testamental, in reference to the Old and New Testament.

While no full length study has been pursued on the intertestamental influence upon I Cor. 1:18–3:23, a number of scholars find similarity between intertestamental literature and different sections of this passage.

2001, H. H. Drake Williams, III, The Wisdom of the Wise: The Presence and Function of Scripture within 1 Cor. 1:18–3:23, page 15:

(Christianity) Pertaining to the time between the writing of Malachi and the writing of the New Testament, roughly the last four centuries BCE and first half of the first century.

intertestamental

pertaining to the period of time between the writing of Malachi and the wrtiting of the New Testament


Laetare Sunday

From Latin Laetare (“Rejoice!”), the first word of the introit of the day's mass, traditionally a Latin translation of Isaiah 66:10.

Mothering Sunday
Mothering Sunday#English

(Roman Catholicism) Synonym of Mothering Sunday: the fourth Sunday of Lent.


trental

From Medieval Latin trentāle directly or via Old French trentel, from the neuter substantive of *Vulgar Latin trenta + -ālis (“-al: forming adjectives”), from Latin trīgintā (“thirty”).

Trentals seyde he, deliueren fro penaunce Hir freendes soules.

c. 1386, Geoffrey Chaucer, Summoner's Tale:

their trentals and their shrifts

1591, Ed[mund] Sp[enser], “Prosopopoia. Or Mother Hubberds Tale.”, in Complaints. Containing Sundrie Small Poemes of the Worlds Vanitie. […], London: […] William Ponsonbie, […], →OCLC:

(Christianity) A set of 30 requiem masses, said once a day for a month or all in one day.

(Christianity) The payment for this service.

(Christianity, archaic) Synonym of month's mind, the commemorative service held on the 30th day after burial.


acroteleutic

From Ancient Greek ἀκροτελεύτιον (akroteleútion, “extreme end”).

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ἀκροτελεύτιον

This mode of conducting the psalmody was sometimes called singing acrostics and acroteleutics, and is the apparent origin of the Gloria Patri repeated at the end of each psalm in our liturgical services.

1853, John Farrar, An Ecclesiastical Dictionary:

And in this respect the Gloria Patri itself is by some ancient writers called the hypopsalma or epode, and acroteleutic to the psalms, because it was always used at the end of the psalms.

1855, Richard Bingham, The antiquities of the Christian church, page 18:

And this they would generally keep for an Acroteleutic at the end of their psalms.

1887, A History of Music: book III. The decline of paganism and the dark ages:

(obsolete, Christianity) The end of a verse or psalm, or something added to it, to be sung by the people by way of a response.


Tabor

From Biblical Hebrew תָּבוֹר (Tāḇôr), of uncertain origin.

the light of Tabor

(Christianity, metonymic) The Transfiguration of Jesus


diskos

From Ancient Greek δίσκος (dískos) (nominative plural δίσκοι (dískoi)). Doublet of dais, desk, disc, discus, dish, and disk.

doublet

(Christianity, chiefly Eastern Orthodoxy) A small plate used to hold eucharistic bread which is to be consecrated; a paten.


Holy Family

Meronyms: Jesus, Mary, Joseph

(Christianity) Jesus and his parents: Jesus Christ, Saint Mary, and Saint Joseph.

اَلْعائِلةُ ٱلْمُقَدَّسةُ

Jesus Christ, the Virgin Mary, and Joseph


catlicker

catlickers (plural)
Catlicker (alternative)

Compound of cat + licker, phonetically similar to Catholic.

Well, I was in that game. And we were playing the game and we'd fall over on their side, and they'd kick us and they'd shout at us that we were Mexicans and catlickers. That was what they called a Catholic.

2010, José Inez Taylor, James M. Taggart, Alex and the Hobo: A Chicano Life and Story, University of Texas Press, →ISBN, page 106:

(colloquial, derogatory, Christianity) A Catholic person.


postcommunion

Borrowed from Ecclesiastical Latin postcommūniō. By surface analysis, post- + communion.

bor+

(Roman Catholicism) A prayer or prayers which the priest says at Mass, after the ablutions.


si quis

Latin, meaning "if anyone" (the first words of the notice in Latin).

(Christianity) A notification by a candidate for Holy Orders of his intention to enquire whether any impediment may be alleged against him.


subcinctorium

(Christianity) An ornamental vestment reserved for the pope, resembling a maniple and worn at a solemn pontifical Mass.