Homoousion

/hɒməʊˈuːzɪɒn/

From ecclesiastical Koine Greek ὁμοούσιον (homooúsion), neuter of ὁμοούσιος (homooúsios), formed by combining ὁμός (homós, “same”) and οὐσία (ousía, “being”) with the adjectival morpheme -ῐος (-ios).

The campaign to get rid of the Homoousion from Christian credal statements split the Church in the empire for another half-century and more.

2009, Diarmaid MacCulloch, A History of Christianity, Penguin, published 2010, page 215:

(theology) The inclusion of the term ὁμοούσιος (homooúsios, “of one essence”) in the Nicene Creed to describe the principle that the Son is ‘of one substance’ with the Father (as opposed to the Homoiousion).


theopaschism

This central statement of a theological movement known as ‘Theopaschism’ was controversial even among Miaphysites, causing major divisions in their ranks […]

2009, Diarmaid MacCulloch, A History of Christianity, Penguin, published 2010, page 239:

(theology) The doctrine that a god can suffer.


Dyophysite

/dʌɪˈɒfəzʌɪt/

From ecclesiastical Ancient Greek δυοφυσῖται (duophusîtai), from δύο (dúo, “two”) + φύσις (phúsis, “nature”).

Monasteries among the Dyophysites were strengthened through the military success of the Sassanian Shah Khusrau II in areas of the Byzantine Empire along the eastern Mediterranean.

2009, Diarmaid MacCulloch, A History of Christianity, Penguin, published 2010, page 247:

(theology) Someone who believes in the doctrine that there are ‘two natures’, human and divine, in Christ.

երկաբնակ

someone who believes in the doctrine that there are ‘two natures’, human and divine, in Christ


filioque

Another issue was the promotion of that troublesome addition to the Nicene Creed, the Filioque or double procession in the Trinity of the Spirit from Father and Son, which had taken its cue from Augustine's writing on the Trinity.

2009, Diarmaid MacCulloch, A History of Christianity, Penguin, published 2010, page 350:

The Second Council of Lyon […] only succeeded in confirming and defining a key item of Catholic theology, the filioque, which has barred the way to reconciliation ever since.

2011, Norman Davies, Vanished Kingdoms, Penguin, published 2012, page 126:

(theology) The use of the Latin word filioque (“and from the son”) in the Western form of the Nicene Creed, to indicate that the Holy Spirit proceeds from both the Father and the Son (as opposed to the Eastern churches which believe the Spirit proceeds from the Father alone).


Kenan

* Borrowed from Hebrew קֵינָן (qēnå̄n).
* Alternatively, possibly a variant of Keenan, from Irish Cianán, a diminutive of Cian.

(biblical) A descendant of Seth, son of Enos.


theosis

tlb

(Christianity, chiefly Eastern Orthodoxy, theology)

/θiːˈəʊ.sɪs/

Borrowed from Latin theōsis, from Ancient Greek θέωσις (théōsis).

For him, theosis or deification was the destination for human salvation, whose attainment Adam’s sin in Eden had imperilled but not rendered impossible;[…]

2009, Diarmaid MacCulloch, A History of Christianity: The First Three Thousand Years, Viking Press, →ISBN, page 440:

The likeness to or union with God; deification.


kenotic

Linked to the kenotic concept of innocence and denial of self-esteem was the new popularity which from very early on an old genre of Eastern saint enjoyed in the Christianity of Kievan Rus’, and which has endured into modern Russian Orthodoxy: the Holy Fool.

2009, Diarmaid MacCulloch, A History of Christianity, Penguin, published 2010, page 509:


Theatine

Named after Chieti (Theate), of which one of its founders, John Peter Caraffa, was bishop.

(religion) A member of a Catholic order established in 1524 in Italy, which consisted of monks and later, nuns under the direction of the monks.


Tobit

From the Ancient Greek Τωβίτ (Tōbít), from Hebrew טוֹבִי (tovi, literally “my good”).

der

(biblical) A book of the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox canon of the Old Testament, considered apocryphal by Protestants.


confessionalization

en-noun

confessionalization (countable and uncountable, plural confessionalizations)

Confessionalization represents the defeat of efforts to rebuild the unified Latin Church.

2009, Diarmaid MacCulloch, A History of Christianity, Penguin, published 2010, page 639:

Regardless of belief, all secular and ecclesiastical authorities pursued similar policies of ‘confessionalization’ intended to impose the official faith of their territory through education, improved clerical supervision and more intensive ‘visitations’ to probe individual belief and monitor religious practices.

2016, Peter H. Wilson, The Holy Roman Empire, Penguin, published 2017, page 121:

(religion, chiefly historical) The fixing of religious beliefs into set categories of denomination or dogma.


in the world

In the world you will have trouble, but I leave you my peace that where I am there you may also be.

1998, Rich Mullins (lyrics and music), “That Where I am There You...”:

(religion) In this present age; here and now.

With some effort and discipline anyone can learn to get up early and to stand through long church services, to make prostrations and to work, and work hard, at jobs that you don’t necessarily like. A lot of people in the world have a much more difficult life in that sense.

2023 July 7 (last accessed), “Monasticism in 21st Century”, in The Holy Monastery of St Paisius:

(religion) Characteristic of wider society; worldly.


penal substitution

As part of that literal reading, concentrating on a line of thought on salvation pursued by St Paul, came the penal substitution theory, and Fundamentalists rightly concluded that these were the aspects of Christianity most vulnerable to attack from nineteenth-century intellectual developments.

2009, Diarmaid MacCulloch, A History of Christianity, Penguin, published 2010, page 863:

(theology) The theory of atonement which holds that Jesus died on the Cross in place of human sinners.


sobornost

Some post-Soviet writers see sobornost’ as a – if not the – defining element in giving distinctiveness to Russian civilization.

2004, James H Billington, Russia in Search of Itself, page 146:

Sobornost signifies the essentially extrapersonal (supra-personal) and a-temporal nature of aesthetic consciousness.

2007, Paul Haffner, Mystery of the Church, page 132:

Key to his thought was a concept which has become central to modern Russian Orthodox thinking, Sobornost’, the proposition that freedom is inseparable from unity, communion or community.

2009, Diarmaid MacCulloch, A History of Christianity, Penguin, published 2010, page 851:

(philosophy, theology) A unity of people in loving fellowship.


thought-form

Two people can have the same idea at the same time because they felt the same thought-forms.

One can feel the threatening energy of the thought-forms left in the room after a tense fight.

(spiritualism) A manifestation of the thoughts, ideas or emotions of someone. It is believed to be able to be sensed by people and take physical form within the spirit world.


mysterial

en-adj

mysterial (comparative more mysterial, superlative most mysterial)

more mysterial (comparative)
most mysterial (superlative)


nonelect

(religion, archaic) Someone not chosen for salvation.


lamrim

(Buddhism) The stages in the path to Buddhist enlightenment.


asr

From Arabic عَصْر (ʕaṣr, “afternoon”), in صَلَاةُ العَصْر (ṣalātu al-ʕaṣr, “afternoon prayer”).


minjung

From Korean 민중(民衆) (minjung), from Middle Chinese 民眾 (MC mjin tsyuwngH, “common people, the masses”). Compare Mandarin 民眾／民众 (mínzhòng).

ltc-l

The minjung have learned to dream of a world from which oppression, conflict and suffering have been removed; a world where they are no longer the ruled, but the rulers of their own lives and destinies, and the subjects of their own history.

1996, Sang Taek Lee, Religion and Social Formation in Korea, page 171:

Therefore the theologians' main concern was not dealing with individual poor people but rather to do with social process and the system which prevents the minjung from coming out of their misery.

2008, Sebastian CH Kim, Christian Theology in Asia, page 140:

Jesus was minjung and the friend of the minjung, teaching forgiveness and love of enemies, but Moses was also minjung, political leader of his people against oppression.

2009, Diarmaid MacCulloch, A History of Christianity, Penguin 2010, page 978:

(politics, theology) In South Korea, peasants or working-class people.


Waheguru

(religion, Sikhism) God as conceived by Sikhism.


isagogics

(theology) That part of theological science directly preliminary to actual exegesis, or interpretation of Scripture.


unipersonalist

This dictates the reasonableness of the rupture of a unipersonalist absolute that is pseudomonotheistic since, in this case, the possibility of any other being would have been made impossible.

2004, George F. McLean, Robert R. Magliola, William Fox, Democracy: In the Throes of Liberalism and Totalitarianism, page 101:

(theology) One who believes in a unipersonal deity, i.e. that God is one being, while being the Father, Son and Holy Spirit.


Onan

And Iudah said vnto Onan, Goe in vnto thy brothers wife, and marrie her, and raise vp seed to thy brother. And Onan knew that the seed should not be his; and it came to passe when hee went in vnto his brothers wife, that hee spilled it on the ground, least that hee should giue seed to his brother. And the thing which he did, displeased the LORD: wherefore hee slew him also.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 38:8–10:


pernoctation

en-noun

pernoctation (countable and uncountable, plural pernoctations)

/ˌpɜːnɒkˈteɪʃn̩/

PIE word
 *nókʷts
Learned borrowing from Late Latin pernoctātiō (“act of spending of the night (doing something, particularly praying)”), from pernoctō (“to spend the night”) + -tiō (action noun suffix). Pernoctō is from per- (prefix with the sense of completion or entirety forming verbs) + nox (“night; darkness”). By surface analysis, pernoctate + -ion.

af

[I]n general the veſpers begin a little before ſunſet; the matins at four o'clock in the morning, and the liturgy or communion about nine; and when the vigil, or pernoctation, is performed, that ſervice begins after ſunſet; and there is no ſervice, in the morning following, till the communion.

1772, John Glen King, “The Order of the After-vespers”, in The Rites and Ceremonies of the Greek Church, in Russia; […], London: […] W. Owen, […]; J[ames] Dodsley, […]; J[ohn] Rivington, […]; and T. Becket and P. A. De Hondt, […], →OCLC, footnote 6, page 82:

(countable, religion, chiefly Christianity, obsolete) A religious watch kept during normal sleeping hours, during which prayers or other ceremonies are performed; a vigil.


geotic

From geo- + -ic. The OED claims that it was likely a mistaken form of goetic that gained some currency due to its presence in Samuel Johnson's 1755 dictionary.

(rare, chiefly mysticism or religion) Part of or related to the earth; geological or terrestrial.


obeast

I mentioned something of intelligent nature created by devils called an obeast or called that by the blues; in the article, “Real Weapons of Mass Destruction.”

2006, Oneal McQuick, Fasting & Prayers, page 23

For an obeast in a human, the human being dead, have the abilities that Christ displayed upon resurrection.

2007, Orlando Constantine, Angels, Let's Talk, page 39

2008, Orlando Constantine, Angels, Let's Talk 2008-2009 Follow Up Notes
if they or the obeast or any is successful in yanking a brain or head part, nerve, blood vessel, etc, then as the scripture has said, “without thy mind would I do nothing” (Philemon 1:14)

(religion) An intelligent demonic influence or entity.


fetialis

This was the mode in which Roman treaties were made, the fecialis praying Jupiter to punish the infringer of the treaty as he did the animal, which he instantly dispatched with a flint stone.

1843, Thomas Dudley Fosbroke, “Heraldick Matters”, in Encyclopaedia of Antiquities and Elements of Archaeology, Classical and Mediaeval, volume 2, London, page 765:

[...] but when the theatre of war became more distant, the fetialis, consul, or praetor, contented himself with hurling his lance from a pillar near the temple of Bellona in the direction of the hostile territory, while the declaration of war itself was made by the military commander of the province through an ambassador.

1874, Theodore D. Woolsey, Introduction to the Study of International Law, 4th edition, New York: Scribner, Armstrong & Co., page 196:

Fetiales also investigated allies' claims of abuse by Romans; if substantiated, the fetiales delivered the men accused to the injured parties.

2016, Amanda J. Coles, “Ius Fetiale”, in Sara E[lise] Phang, Iain Spence, Douglas Kelly, Peter Londey, editors, Conflict in Ancient Greece and Rome: The Definitive Political, Social, and Military Encyclopedia, volumes 3 (H–Z, Roman Section), Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO, →ISBN, page 973, column 2:

(Ancient Rome, politics, religion, historical) A fetial.


dishallow

en-verb

dishallow (third-person singular simple present dishallows, present participle dishallowing, simple past and past participle dishallowed)

dishallows (present singular third-person)
dishallowing (participle present)
dishallowed (participle past)
dishallowed (past)

Nor can the unholiness of the priest dishallow the altar.

c. 1623, Thomas Adams, The Temple (sermon preached at Paul's Cross):

And so went back and seeing them yet in sleep
Said, "Ye, that so dishallow the holy sleep,
Your sleep is death"[…]

1875, Alfred Tennyson, “Pelleas and Ettarre”, in Idylls of the King (The Works of Alfred Tennyson; VII), cabinet edition, London: Henry S. King & Co., […], →OCLC, page 26:

Every devout soul revolts from it as a dishallowing of most sacred things

1882, Alfred Edwards Myers, The Sociable, the Entertainment and the Bazar:

(transitive, religion) To render unholy; to profane; to desecrate.


semibull

(religion, rare) A bull issued by a pope in the period between election and coronation.


selah

From Biblical Hebrew סֶלָה (sélā), of unknown origin.

God commeth from Theman, and the holy one from mount Paran, Selah. his glorie couereth the heauens, and the earth is full of his prayse.

1568, Matthew Parker, The holie. Bible. Conteynyng the Olde Testament and the Newe [The Bishops' Bible], London: Imprinted at London in povvles Churchyarde by Richarde Iugge, printer to the Queenes Maiestie, →OCLC, Habakkuk 3:3:

LORD, how are they increased that trouble mee: many are they that riſe vp againſt me. / Many there bee which ſay of my ſoule, There is no helpe for him in God. Selah. / But thou, O LORD, art a ſheild for me; my glory, and the lifter vp of mine head. / I cryed vnto the LORD with my voice, and he heard me out of holy hill. Selah.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Psalms 3:1–4:

Hear my cry, O God; attend unto my prayer. / From the end of the earth will I cry unto thee, when my heart is overwhelmed: lead me to the rock that is higher than I. / For thou hast been a shelter for me, and a strong tower from the enemy. / I will abide in thy tabernacle for ever: I will trust in the covert of thy wings. Selah.

1769, The Holy Bible, containing the Old and New Testaments: Newly Translated out of the Original Tongues, and with the Former Translations Diligently Compared and Revised, by His Majesty's Special Command. Appointed to be Read in Churches [King James Version], Cambridge: Printed by John Archdeacon printer to the University; and sold by John Beecroft, John Rivington, Benjamin White, and Edward Dilly, in London; and T. & J. Merrill, in Cambridge, →OCLC, Psalm 61:1–4:

[…] Ps[alm] xlvi has three Selahs (vs. 3, 7, 11,) and likewise a repetition in vs. 7, 11, which, as we have already fully illustrated, Selah greatly intensifies. In Ps. xlix there are two Selahs (vs. 13, 15,) indicating the refrain, "Hear this, all ye people; give ear, all ye inhabitants of the world:" and, also, a repetition, (with some variation,) of the following words, "Nevertheless man being in honor abideth not: he is like the beasts that perish." Vs. 12, 20.

1863 December 4, “Art. III. – The Meaning and Use of סֶלָה (Selah.)”, Robert J[efferson] Breckinridge [et al.], editors, The Danville Quarterly Review, volume IV, number II, Danville, Ky.; Cincinnati, Oh.: Moore, Wilstach & Baldwin, 25 West Fourth Street, published June 1864, OCLC 4609985, page 240

Students of Selah have been puzzled because in the psalms, which Mishna ascribes to each day of the week for the daily sacrifice, the desired number of Selahs is not to be found. The answer is that the pᵉraqim were timed to the ritual at the altar and that, even though the term Selah might not occur at all in some of these psalms, the pᵉraqim and prostrations referred to the actual Selah ceremony.

1968, Rembert Sorg, Habaqquq III and Selah, Fifield, Wis.: King of Martyrs Priory, →OCLC, page 33:

(biblical) A word occurring between verses or paragraphs in parts of the Hebrew Bible, namely in Habakkuk and the Psalms; perhaps indicating a pause, either for contemplation or for the singer to clear his or her throat.


halala

From Urdu حلالہ (halāla), the practice being called in Eastern Persian حلاله (halâla), while Iranian Persian uses محلل (mohallal), the Arabic term being تَحْلِيل (taḥlīl), scilicet نِكَاح التَحْلِيل (nikāḥ at-taḥlīl), زَوَاج التَحْلِيل (zawāj at-taḥlīl).

Since remarriage is not permitted after three divorces, they arrange Halala with some one, that is, on the condition that he divorces her, the next day after marriage.

1972, Ahmad Said, Fear of hell: translation of Dozakh ka khatka:

In the past my Mullah friend had performed halalas but now he lived according to the law of Christ which forbade him to do such an evil act.

1998, Ida Glaser, Partners Or Prisoners?: Christians Thinking about Women and Islam:

However, it is also stated that the process of halala cannot be used as a device to re-marry the former spouse. It must happen in the natural course of events.

2011, Flavia Agnes, Family Law: Volume 1: Family Laws and Constitutional Claims:

(Islam) A wedlease (temporary marriage) to a stranger undertaken prior to remarriage to an ex, that is to make the remarriage halal, or the woman halala f to marry.


fathership

en-noun

fathership (countable and uncountable, plural fatherships)

From Middle English fadership, equivalent to father + -ship.

Your fathership

(religion) A title of respect addressed to a priest.


Crone

[…] different stages of life as represented by our Lady as Maiden, Mother, and Crone, as well as our Lord as Master, Father, and Sage.

2002, A.J. Drew, Wicca for Couples: Making Magick Together, page 90:

The Lady is often thought of as having three aspects: Maiden, Mother, and Crone.

2004, Aurora Greenbough, Cathy Jewell, The Complete Idiot's Guide to Spells and Spellcraft, page 9:

(Wicca) One of the triune goddesses of the Lady in Wicca alongside the Mother and Maiden, representing an old woman.


Maiden

(Wicca) One of the triune goddesses of the Lady in Wicca alongside the Crone and Mother representing a girl or a young woman


chorepiscopal

chorepiscopal office

chorepiscopal power

(religion) Pertaining to a chorepiscopus or his change or authority.


unconversion

(religion) The state of being unconverted; impenitence.


unigeniture

/ˌjuːnɪˈd͡ʒɛnɪtjʊə/

/ˌjuːnɪˈd͡ʒɛnɪtʃə/

/ˌjunɪˈd͡ʒɛnɪt͡ʃɚ/

From Latin unigenitus (“only-begotten”), from unus (“one”) + genitum (“to beget”).

1868, Rev. J. Gorle, An Analysis of Pearson on the Creed
Though therefore Christ be the only-begotten and the beloved Son of God, we must not regard these two attributes as equivalent in meaning, but as one depending on the other, the singular love on the unigeniture.

(theology) The state of being the sole begotten.


antignostic

en-adj

antignostic (comparative more antignostic, superlative most antignostic)

more antignostic (comparative)
most antignostic (superlative)

An antignostic spirit pervades the Gospel

1851, The New Englander, volume 9, page 39:


rapturist

(religion) One who believes in the rapture.


savingly

en-adv

savingly (comparative more savingly, superlative most savingly)

more savingly (comparative)
most savingly (superlative)

But this Itch in spite of Morals will be catching, and the beginning natural pleasure will often urge the smartful end, especially in the precipitant Youth, who scarcely sufficiently dread the Fire till they have been savingly burnt.

1679, Thomas Trapham, A Discurse of the State of Health in the Island of Jamaica, page 112:

savingly born of water and the Spirit

1738, Daniel Waterland, The Christian sacrifice explained:

(religion) So as to be finally saved from eternal death.


reprobationer

Sanctifyed Reprobationers we abound with

1692–1717, Robert South, Twelve Sermons Preached upon Several Occasions, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London:

(theology) Someone who believes in reprobation.


immersionist

(theology) One who holds the doctrine that immersion is an essential part of Christian baptism.


immersionism

(theology) The doctrine that immersion is an essential part of Christian baptism.


metamorphist

I would you did but see what I have seene in these Conntries, as concerning the deadly hatreds, contentions & differensions of Luther has of-fspring: as of the Muntzerans, Anabaptists, Adamists, […] Metamorphists, Iudaists, Neutersacramentaries, Image-breakers, […], & of such like: al which have sucked their errours out of the dregges of Luthers doctrine, and yet forsooth will be found Protestants all.

1604, George Abbot, The Reasons which Doctour Hill Hath Brought for the Upholding of Papistry, page 97:

(Christianity, theology) One who believes that the body of Christ was merged into God when he ascended.

Concerning the progeny of the transfigured sinners, Muslim scholars split into two groups, which Cook figuratively designated as "creationists" and "metamorphists.” The former held that swine and monkeys were created in the form they exist today, whereas the latter believed that their contemporary apes and swine were the progeny of the transfigured sinners.

2022, Pavel Pavlovitch, Muslim al-Naysābūrī (d. 261/875): The Sceptical Traditionalist, page 121:

On the other hand, there was the metamorphist position that some species were not created at all; instead they were brought into existence through metamorphosis in later epochs, after which they enjoyed a biological fitness no less than that of created species.

2022, Michael Cook, Studies in the Origins of Early Islamic Culture and Tradition, page 54:

(Islam, theology) One who believes that some species were not part of the original creation but arose as the transformed souls of sinners.


Scotist

[…] it should be remembered that their poets and rabbis of the middle ages were contemporary with the Scotists and Thomists, with the pseudo-platonism and peripateticism of Christendom.

1842, The Saint Petersburg English Review of Literature:

(theology) A follower of John Duns Scotus, Franciscan scholar, who maintained certain doctrines in philosophy and theology in opposition to the Thomists.


Caodaiist

(religion) Somebody who adheres to Caodaism.


Caodaism

(religion) A syncretic monotheistic religion founded in the 20th century in Vietnam.

高臺教

a syncretic monotheistic religion founded in the 20th century in Vietnam


Cao Dai

(religion) A syncretic monotheistic religion founded in the 20th century in Vietnam, which worships a deity of the same name.


Lamech

(biblical, Torah) Either of two antediluvians.

Either of two antediluvians.
The third-great-grandson of Cain.

Either of two antediluvians.
The father of Noah.


Neonomianism

(theology) The doctrine that the Gospel is a new law whose requirements are fulfilled by faith and repentance, most often associated with the theology of Richard Baxter (1615-1691).


partialist

(theology) One who believes in partialism, i.e. that Christ's atonement was made for only a part of humanity, the elect.


high priestess

en-noun

high priestess (plural high priestesses)

(Wicca) A third degree (sometimes forth degree) female witch in Wicca.


insubjection

insubjection to God

(especially religion) Lack of subjection or obedience.


Frankism

From Frank + -ism, from the last name of Jacob Frank, the 18th-century Polish Jewish religious leader who initiated the movement.

(religion) An offshoot of Judaism started by the Polish Jewish religious leader Jacob Frank.


self-life

The story of the Bible is therefore the story of the fall of man by listening to the self-life, in time being brought back to oneness with the Divine through the work of a Human-Divine Redeemer, the seed of the woman.

1947, Walter Brown Murray, What Is The True Christian Religion?, Chapter 2:

That recurring idea of isolation, the sense of the secrecy of men's bosoms, the perception of life as always lying in the shadow that falls on it, proceeded from predilections of his own, differentiating him from other men; there may have been no very perilous stuff in his breast, nothing to confess or record peculiar to himself in act or experience, no intensity of self-life, but there was this temperament of the solitary brooder upon life.

1902, George Edward Woodberry, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Chapter 4:

(religion) Life dedicated to oneself, pleasure or self-fulfilment, often as opposed to a life devoted to God.


DPT

Doctor of Practical Theology
w:Doctor of Practical Theology

(theology) Initialism of Doctor of Practical Theology.


cronehood

Many circles create ceremonies to mark a woman's passage into cronehood and designate special status to crones

2000, Beverly Engel, Women Circling the Earth, page 34:

An archaic term, really, but I like it. crone: A menopausal or post-menopausal Wiccan. The time at which a woman assumes her cronehood is intensely individual.

2006, Ashleen O'Gaea, Family Wicca: practical paganism for parents and children, page 213:

Grant (name) the gifts of inspiration, and a clear and quick mind as he/she approaches the honored state of (Sagehood/Cronehood).

2007, Kevin M. Gardner, A Handbook for Wiccan Clergy, page 29

She speaks her commitment to herself as an elder and to the aspects of cronehood she will celebrate.

2007, Ruth Barrett, Women's Rites, Women's Mysteries: Intuitive Ritual Creation, page 9:

(Wicca) The elderly stage of a female Wiccan witch (compared with the Crone aspect of the Goddess).


Deuteronomist

(religion) One of the sources identified as underlying much of the Hebrew Bible (or Christian Old Testament), and responsible for material in Deuteronomy and other areas.


archprelate

(ecclesiastical) An archbishop or other chief prelate.


terminist

(theology) One who supports the doctrine of terminism.


terminism

(theology) The Christian doctrine that there is a time limit for repentance from sin, after which God no longer wills the conversion and salvation of the sinner.


primatical

en-adj

primatical (comparative more primatical, superlative most primatical)

more primatical (comparative)
most primatical (superlative)

Before I proceed any further I ſhall briefly dravv ſome Corollaries from this Hiſtorical account vvhich I have given of the original and grovvth of Metropolitical, Primatical, and Patriarchal Juriſdiction.

a. 1678 (date written), Isaac Barrow, “[The V. [Supposition] that the Bishops of Rome (According to God’s Institution and by Original Right Derived thence) should have an Universal Supremacy and Jurisdiction over the Christian Church]”, in J[ohn] Tillotson, editor, A Treatise of the Pope’s Supremacy. […], London: […] Miles Flesher, for Brabazon Aylmer, […], published 1680, →OCLC, page 255:

(ecclesiastical, archaic) Of or pertaining to a primate (the church thing, not the monkeys).


theandric

one Theandrick or Deivirile Action

1693, Louis Ellies Du Pin, A New History of Ecclesiastical Writers:

(theology) Relating to, or existing by, the union of divine and human operation in Christ, or the joint agency of the divine and human nature.


archiepiscopality

Offa being dead , down fell the best pillar of Lichfield church , to support the archiepiscopality thereof

1655, Thomas Fuller, The Church-history of Britain; […], London: […] Iohn Williams […], →OCLC, (please specify |book=I to XI):

(ecclesiastical, archaic) The rank or dignity of an archbishop; archbishopric.


successionist

One who insists on the importance of a regular succession of events, offices, etc.

(religion) One who insists that only apostolic succession is valid.


Xemu

Publication of secret documents blaming the world's troubles on an interplanetary tyrant named Xemu has held the Church of Scientology up to public ridicule. But church officials insist the disclosure will leave no long-term scars, and they predict the controversial organization will continue to gain members and to prosper.

1985 November 17, Miami Herald staff, “Scientology battered but not bowed in row over secret papers”, in Miami Herald, page 12A:

Xemu ruled the 90-planet Galactic Confederation 75-million years ago, when overpopulation was a problem. So Xemu solved the problem: He trapped selected beings and flew them to volcanoes on Earth, then called Teegeeach. He then dropped powerful H-bombs on the volcanoes. The beings were destroyed in a wall of fire. However, their spirits, or "thetans," weren't. Gathering them into clusters, Xemu trapped the thetans in frozen alcohol and glycol.

1988 December 23, Stephen Koff, “Xemu's Cruel Response To Overpopulated World”, in St. Petersburg Times, page 10A:

After the explosions, the Thetan spirits, deprived of bodies, were packaged by Xemu and electronically implanted so they would reproduce in later generations of human beings. Each human today is a cluster of Thetans with one dominant. This is the cause of aberration, internal conflict and unhappiness. Only through paying for the costly further Scientology training could humans break through the wall of fire, revisit the Xemu incident, have their less dominant Thetans removed and at last become unaberrated, mentally healthy.

1998, Robert Cogan, Critical Thinking: Step By Step, University Press of America, page 226:

A more elaborate version of the Xenu/Xemu story appears in a lecture attributed to Hubbard from September 1968, also now widely available online. This provides further details of Xemu's evil plot: apparently, the thetans were packed into refrigerated units, put onto DC 8 planes, and then blown up in volcanoes. After that, the disembodied thetans were collected, packed into boxes, and forced to watch 3-D movies. Meanwhile, a group of loyal officers revolted and captured Xemu, locking him in the center of a mountain with an electric fence.

2011, Hugh B. Urban, The Church of Scientology: A History of a New Religion, Princeton University Press, page 103:

(Scientology) Alternative spelling of Xenu


Erastian

Napoleon may not have believed in God, but he certainly believed in the desirability of religion, and, while his outlook was naturally Erastian, he was anxious from the first to restore normal relations with the Papacy.

1932, Duff Cooper, Talleyrand, Folio Society, published 2010, page 96:

(theology, historical) Of or relating to Thomas Erastus (1524–1583), Swiss physician and theologian, or his doctrines, associated with the idea that the State should have supremacy in ecclesiastical matters.


om mani padme hum

From Sanskrit ॐ मणि पद्मे हूँ, (oṃ maṇi padme hūm̐,, “the wish-fulfilling jewel in the lotus”), internally derived from मणि (maṇi, “wish-fulfilling jewel”) and पद्म (padma, “lotus”). ॐ (oṃ) and हूँ (hūm̐) are not translated.

bor

ॐ मणि पद्मे हूँ,

(Buddhism) A mantra associated with Avalokiteshvara, the bodhisattva of compassion, the primary mantra of Tibetan Buddhism.


transubstantiator

Roman Transubstantiators

a. 1678 (date written), Isaac Barrow, “(please specify the chapter name or sermon number). He ascended into Heaven, and sitteth on the right hand of God”, in The Works of Dr. Isaac Barrow. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to VII), London: A[braham] J[ohn] Valpy, […], published 1830–1831, →OCLC:

(theology) Someone who holds the doctrine of transubstantiation.


chrismal

chrismal oil

chrismal Mass

(religion) of, pertaining to, or used during a confirmation or christening.


associationist

(Islam) a mushrik; one who ascribes partners to Allah (God) or believes in the Trinity.


khakkhara

Borrowed from Sanskrit खक्खर (khakkhara, “beggar’s staff”).

bor+

(religion) a monk's staff used especially by a Buddhist mendicant as a tool for begging or as a weapon


torii

From Japanese 鳥居 (torii, literally “bird abode”).

bor

The torii marks the entrance to the sacred grounds of a shrine. There are a variety of types of torii, each with a unique history. Regardless of origin, the torii is inseparably identified with the image of Shinto.

1994 November 22, Stuart D. B. Picken, Essentials of Shinto: An Analytical Guide to Principal Teachings, Greenwood Publishing Group, →ISBN, page 146:

(Shinto) A traditional Japanese gate at Shinto shrines, symbolically marking the transition from the profane to the sacred.


Tsukuyomi

Borrowed from Japanese 月読 (つくよみ, Tsukuyomi), originally a compound of 月 (つく, tsuku, “the moon”) + 読み (よみ, yomi, “reading”, ancient meaning of “counting”).

af

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) The Japanese moon god, son of Izanami and Izanagi and brother of Amaterasu, Susanoo, Ōyamatsumi and Kagutsuchi.


psychopannychism

From psycho- + Ancient Greek παννύχιος (pannúkhios, “all night long”) + -ism.

der

(theology) The doctrine that the soul falls asleep at death, and does not wake until the resurrection of the body.


tamkin

[…] concepts such as tamkin (woman's duty to submit to her husband's will) and nushuz (her refusal to submit, rebellion), which legitimate women's subordination in marriage, but instead they add two qualifiers.

1996, Mai Yamani, Feminism and Islam: Legal and Literary Perspectives, page 294:

It's a wife's lack of tamkin that causes such a thing. Why aren't you prepared to be in tamkin?

2002, Donna Lee Bowen, Evelyn A. Early, Everyday Life in the Muslim Middle East, →ISBN, page 140:

Since Islam claims to be opposed to injustice, any law that upholds injustice is anti-Islamic — and if a law is anti-Islamic, it must change. Reformist Islamist women have also proposed to modify the issue of tamkin.

2002, Hammed Shahidian, Women in Iran: Emerging voices in the women's movement, page 56:

(Islam) A woman's duty to submit to her husband's will.


Eunomian

(historical, theology) A follower of Eunomius, the bishop of Cyzicus in the 4th century, who believed that Jesus Christ was not of, or like, the same nature as God


rubricity

(religion) Accordance with the religious rubric.


covenstead

From coven + stead; first attested in 1969.

He began being late for meetings and, as some members travelled quite a distance to the covenstead and had to leave promptly afterwards, Alex took him to task.

1969, June Johns, King of the witches: the world of Alex Sanders, page 108:

1986, Raymond Buckland, Buckland's Complete Book of Witchcraft, link
It used to be that one covendom could not overlap another, so one covenstead would never be closer than six miles to the next.

1993, Janet Thompson, Of Witches: Celebrating the Goddess As a Solitary Pagan, page 29,
If that is the case, then the home of the high Priestess is likely to be referred to as the covenstead.

The covenstead is the meeting place of a coven.

1999, James R. Lewis, Witchcraft today: an encyclopedia of Wiccan and neopagan traditions, page 66:

(Wicca) A permanent circle or temple used to meet for rituals and to store religious items, often a mundane location.

For the last year, the entire covenstead had noticed an increase in the number of outsiders on their properties.

1995, Silver RavenWolf, Beneath a Mountain Moon, published 2005, page 104:

In connection with these principles the Dianic Covenstead had a very effective series of exercises and techniques for regaining kinship and attunement with nature.

2006, Margot Adler, Drawing Down the Moon: Witches, Druids, Goddess-Worshippers, and Other Pagans in America, page 128:

It was easy to say they'd all get along fine—join other covensteads or live free like most everybody else, but the truth was that joining a covenstead was no easy task, and most wouldn't know what to do with themselves without a witch to serve.

2009, Diana Pharaoh Francis, Bitter Night: A Horngate Witches Book, page 53:

(Wicca, metonymically) A Wiccan congregation.


capitularly

en-adv

capitularly (comparative more capitularly, superlative most capitularly)

more capitularly (comparative)
most capitularly (superlative)

The dean of Strasburg , the prebendaries, the capitulars and domiciliars, (capitularly assembled in the morning to consider the case of buttered buns) all wished they had followed the nuns of Saint Ursula's example

1759–1767, [Laurence Sterne], The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman, volume (please specify |volume=I to IX), London: […] T. Becket and P. A. Dehondt, […]:

(religion) In the manner or form of, or acting as, a religious chapter.


Apollinarian

(historical, theology) A follower of Apollinaris, Bishop of Laodicea in the fourth century, who denied the proper humanity of Christ.

apolinário

a follower of Apollinaris, who denied the proper humanity of Christ


goel

Borrowed from Hebrew גוֹאֵל (goél, “he redeems”).

The go·el neutralizes the deleterious effect of the blood of the slain, restoring the ecologic balance.

2001, David L. Lieber, Jules Harlow, Etz Hayim: Torah and Commentary, page 963:

(historical, biblical) A person who, as the nearest relative of another, has certain obligations toward them, such as having to free them from slavery, to repurchase their property if sold through poverty, and to avenge their murder.


covendom

(Wicca) The area served by a covenstead and inhabited by members of the coven.


archpresbytery

“The government of their kirk we despised” not, but their imposing of that government upon us; not presbytery, but archpresbytery, classical, provincial, and diocesan presbytery, claiming to itself a lordly power and superintendency both over flocks and pastors, over persons and congregations no way their own.

1649 October, John Milton, chapter XIII, in Eikonoklastes. In Answer to a Book Intitled, Eikon Basilike, The PORTRAITURE of his SACRED MAJESTY in his Solitudes and Sufferings:

(ecclesiastical) The absolute dominion of presbytery.


ancestor worship

The ancient quarians practiced ancestor worship. Even after abandoning faith for secularism, quarians continued to revere the wisdom of elders.

2008, BioWare, Mass Effect, Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, →OCLC, PC, scene: Quarians: Religion Codex entry:

(anthropology, religion) Veneration of the spirits of one’s ancestors.

vooroueraanbidding

veneration of the spirits of one’s ancestors


archierey

Borrowed from Russian архиере́й (arxijeréj), from Ancient Greek.

the eparchial archiereys, under whose authority the schools

1802, Charles François Philibert Masson, Secret Memoirs of the Court of Petersburg:

(ecclesiastical) The higher order of clergy in Russia, including metropolitans, archbishops, and bishops.


particularist

en-adj

particularist (comparative more particularist, superlative most particularist)

more particularist (comparative)
most particularist (superlative)

From particular + -ist, after French particulariste.


synodically

the alterations made by the commissioners were brought to the Convocation then sitting, where they were Synodically agreed upon

a. 1715, Robert Nelson, A Companion for the Festivals and Fasts of the Church:

(religion) In a synodical manner; in a synod; by the authority of a synod.


imparsonee

From Old French empersone. See in- and parson.

(UK, law, religion) Presented, instituted, and inducted into a rectory, and in full possession.


imparsonee

(UK, law, religion) A clergyman so inducted.


psilanthropy

(theology) The doctrine that Jesus Christ was merely human, i.e. not the son of God.


archiepiscopacy

(ecclesiastical) The form of episcopacy in which the chief power is in the hands of archbishops.

‘Though there are no Auto-da-Fés in Lima now,’ said one of the company to another; ‘I fear our sailor friend runs risk of the archiepiscopacy. Let us withdraw more out of the moonlight. […]’

1851 November 14, Herman Melville, “'”, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC, page 292:

(ecclesiastical) The position or dignity of an archbishop.


latreutical

From Ancient Greek λατρευτικός (latreutikós), from λατρεύω (latreúō, “to serve, to worship”), + -al. Compare -latry.

[I]n this ſacred Supper there is a ſacrifice (in that ſenſe vvherein the Fathers ſpoke) none of vs euer doubted: but that is then, either Latreuticall (as [Robert] Bellarmine diſtinguiſhes it not ill) or Euchariſticall: […]

1614, Jos[eph] Hall, “No Peace with Rome. […]. Section 19. Concerning the Sacrifice of the Masse..”, in A Recollection of Such Treatises as Haue Bene heretofore Seuerally Published and are Nowe Reuised, Corrected, Augmented. […], London: […] [Humfrey Lownes] for Arthur Iohnson, Samuel Macham and Laurence Lisle, published 1615, →OCLC, page 878:

We have already highlighted the primacy of the first of these, the latreutical end of this et-et, that is, of the adoration of God.

2020, Truth Is a Synthesis: Catholic Dogmatic Theology, translation of original by Mauro Gagliardi, page 656:


drighten

From Middle English drihten, from Old English dryhten (“a ruler, king, lord, prince, the supreme ruler, the Lord, God, Christ”), from Proto-Germanic *druhtinaz (“leader, chief, lord”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ- (“to hold, hold fast, support”), equivalent to dright (“army, host”) + -en. Cognate with Scots drichtin, drichtine (“lord, the Lord”), and with Old Frisian drochten (“lord”), Old Saxon drohtin (“lord”), Old High German truhtin, Middle High German truhten, trohten (“ruler, lord”) (dialectal German Trechtin, Trechtein (“lord, God”)), Danish drot (“king”), Swedish drott (“king, ruler, sovereign”), Icelandic dróttinn (“hero, ruler, lord”), Finnish ruhtinas (“sovereign prince”). Related also to Old English dryht (“a multitude, an army, company, body of retainers, nation, a people, men”), Old English ġedryht (“fortune, fate”), Old English drēogan (“to serve in the military, endure”). More at dree.

cog

Believe me, my drighten, there is not one of us that has ever slacked on watch before!

(historical, Anglo-Saxon, Norse mythology, fantasy, paganism) A lord; ruler; sovereign; chief; leader; prince.


psychography

en-noun

psychography (usually uncountable, plural psychographies)

(spiritualism) The act of a spirit possessing one's physical body in order to write something.


Areopagitic

en-adj

Areopagitic (comparative more Areopagitic, superlative most Areopagitic)

more Areopagitic (comparative)
most Areopagitic (superlative)

/ˌɛəɹiəʊpəˈd͡ʒɪtɪk/

Latin Areopagiticus, from Ancient Greek.

In the concept of pantheism Khidasheli implies the unity of God and the world and not their similarity; he thinks that such an interpretation of pantheism is given in Neoplatonic and Areopagitic writings.

2014, Mikheil Makharadze, “Philosophical Ideas of the Corpus Areopagiticum”, in Tamar Nutsubidze, Cornelia B. Horn, Basil Lourié, editors, Georgian Christian Thought and Its Cultural Context, BRILL, page 326:

In the West, the Areopagitic texts were translated by Hilduin (c. 785 — c. 855), Bishop of Paris, who received a manuscript at his monastery of Saint Denys, and Johannes Scotus Eriugena (815-877) who knew about them from his time in Irish monasteries and produced a widely known and used translation in middle and later medieval times.

2020, Constantinos Athanasopoulos, “5. The Cloud of Unknowing in Eckhart, Palamas, and Wittgenstein”, in Constantinos Athanasopoulos, editor, Orthodox Mysticism and Asceticism, Cambridge Scholars Publishing, page 88:

(theology, early Christianity, historical) Of or pertaining to the Corpus Areopagiticum of Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite.


Godcast

They are logging on to blogs, listening to Godcasts, interacting in chat rooms, and, in a sense, creating a highly personal just-for-me religion that connects a panoply of other beliefs.

2007, James B. Twitchell, Shopping for God: How Christianity Went from In Your Heart to In Your Face, Simon & Schuster, →ISBN, pages 13–14:

(Internet, religion) A podcast featuring sermons or other content of a religious nature.


Horned God

(Wicca) The second major supernatural figure in the Wiccan religion, a triune god equal to the Goddess, split into the aspects of the Father, Master, and the Sage.


circumincession

en-noun

circumincession (usually uncountable, plural circumincessions)

From circum- + Latin incedere, incessum (“to walk”).

(theology) The reciprocal existence in each other of the three persons of the Trinity.


Ranter

(religion, historical) A member of an alleged sect in the time of the English Commonwealth (1649–1660) who were regarded as heretical by the established church.

(religion, historical, derogatory) One of the Primitive Methodists, who seceded from the Wesleyan Methodists on the ground of their deficiency in fervour and zeal.


corporealism

corporealism (countable and uncountable, plural corporealisms)

(theology) The belief that God has a physical body, as opposed to being immaterial.


Susanoo

Borrowed from Japanese 須佐之男(すさのお) (Susanoo).

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) The main Japanese storm god (along with Raijin and Fūjin), son of Izanami and Izanagi and brother of Amaterasu, Tsukuyomi, Ōyamatsumi and Kagutsuchi.


white magick

(Wicca) Any magick used for good purposes


threefold law

(Wicca) A key tenet of Wicca, stating that the energy a person puts out into the world, whether positive or negative, will return to them multiplied three times.


sagehood

handpartings, the recognition of crone- or sagehood, and funeral or memorial services.

1998, Amber K, Robin Wood, Covencraft, page 129:

An elder Wiccan man, a male crone. Saging: (SAGE-ing) A ritual to recognize and announce a man's attainment of sagehood

2006, Ashleen O'Gaia, Family Wicca: practical paganism for parents and children, page 220:

Grant (name) the gifts of inspiration, and a clear and quick mind as he/she approaches the honored state of (Sagehood/Cronehood).

2007, Kevin M. Gardner, A Handbook for Wiccan Clergy, page 29

(Wicca) The elderly stage of a male Wiccan (compared with the Sage aspect of the Horned God).


wiccaning

The welcoming rite — referred to as a wiccaning, a saining, or a paganing — serves a threefold purpose.

1999, Helen A. Berger, A community of witches, page 90:

(Wicca) A Wiccan ritual analogous to baptism for infants.


black magick

(Wicca) Any magick used for evil purposes


omphalopsychite

Borrowed from Byzantine Greek ὀμφαλοψυχίτης (omphalopsukhítēs), from ὀμφαλός (omphalós, “navel”) + ψυχή (psukhḗ, “soul”) + -ίτης (-ítēs, “-ite”), i.e. “one with his soul in his navel”, referring to the practice by some Hesychasts of gazing on the navel as a means to concentrate during meditation. By surface analysis, omphalo- + psych- + -ite.

bor+

ὀμφαλοψυχίτης


presuppositionalism

It is sometimes supposed that extensional propositions—in particular Russellian propositions, which are adopted in some neo-Millian views about proper names—are incompatible with intensionalism and presuppositionalism.

2004, Jerrold J. Katz, Sense, Reference, and Philosophy, page 115:

(theology) A school of Christian apologetics that presumes Christian faith is the only basis for rational thought.


nomism

From Ancient Greek νόμος (nómos, “law”) + -ism.

(theology) The following of religious laws or commandments as the chief aspect of religiousness.

nomismi

idea of the chief aspect of religiousness


heliotheism

Sun-worship (solarism, or heliotheism) seems to the modern scientist to be the best of all forms of theism, and the one which may be most easily reconciled with modern monism.

1905, Ernst Haeckel, translated by Joseph McCabe, The Riddle of the Universe: At the Close of the Nineteenth Century, Harper & Brothers Publishers, page 280:

(theology) Worship of the Sun; belief that the Sun is a god.


ubiquitary

To conclude, either [Thomas] Aquinas is falſe, or the Papiſts Vbiquitaries.

1614, Jos[eph] Hall, “No Peace with Rome. […]. Section 18. Concerning the Multi-presence of Christs Body..”, in A Recollection of Such Treatises as Haue Bene heretofore Seuerally Published and are Nowe Reuised, Corrected, Augmented. […], London: […] [Humfrey Lownes] for Arthur Iohnson, Samuel Macham and Laurence Lisle, published 1615, →OCLC, page 877:


scotograph

The spirit-faces are sometimes obtained on ordinary paper without the aid of a camera and are called Scotographs.

What she did produce at times on her own were so-called scotographs, similar to Rorschach effects used in psychiatry; they were the result of briefly exposing sensitive photographic paper to light and then interpreting the resulting shapes.

1997, Hans Holzer, Ghosts of New England, page 223:

These images were called “scotographs” and sometimes contained messages allegedly written by the hands of the spirits themselves.

2008, Rosemary Ellen Guiley, Ghosts and Haunted Places, page 88:

(occultism) An image of a ghost or other apparition appearing on unexposed film.


laxist

(chiefly theology) Someone promoting lax views or relaxed interpretations of something.


laxist

en-adj

laxist (comparative more laxist, superlative most laxist)

more laxist (comparative)
most laxist (superlative)

The Jesuits, it was charged, championed a laxist theology which encouraged rather than deterred sin [...].

2002, Colin Jones, The Great Nation, Penguin, published 2003, page 248:

(chiefly theology) Promoting a lax view or interpretation of something.


antimissionary

antimissionary (comparative more antimissionary, superlative most antimissionary)

more antimissionary (comparative)
most antimissionary (superlative)

the antimissionary riots in China

(religion) Opposing religious missionaries.


Campbellism

(religion, historical) The Restoration Movement.


sciniph

From Latin scinifes, cinifes or ciniphes, plural, from Ancient Greek σκνίψ (skníps, “gnat, small fly(, flea?)”), plural σκνῖφες (sknîphes) or σκνῖπες (sknîpes).

der

And they did ſo. And Aaron ſtreched fotth his hand, holding the rodde: and he ſtroke the duſt of the earth, and there were made ſciniphes on men and on beaſtes: al the duſt of the earth was turned into ſciniphes through the whole Land of Ægypt.

1609, The Holie Bible, […] (Douay–Rheims Bible), Doway: Lavrence Kellam, […], →OCLC, Exodvs 8:17, page 178:

The sciniphs and flies are common in warm, and the sciniphs especially in marshy countries.

1885, George R. Northgraves, Mistakes of Modern Infidels; or Evidences of Christianity […], page 205:

But it is worth noting that three of the plagues—blast, frost and fire—which he mentioned here do not appear at all in Exodus. […] In fact, in place of these three, there are recounted three others, sciniphs, boils, and darkness.

1991 [c. 540], Cassiodorus, translated by P. G. Walsh, Cassiodorus: Explanation of the Psalms, volume 2, →ISBN, page 267:

(archaic, biblical) A kind of stinging or biting insect; a flea, gnat, sandfly, or the like.


Benzaiten

Borrowed from Japanese 弁才天 (Benzaiten) 弁財天 (Benzaiten).

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) (Also known as "Benten-sama") The Hindu goddess, Saraswati, of knowledge, art and beauty, music, language, wisdom, poetry and rivers.

the fat and happy god of abundance and good health

commerce and trade. Ebisu and Daikoku are often paired and represented as carvings

masks on the walls of small retail shops


Ibrahimic

en-adj

Ibrahimic (comparative more Ibrahimic, superlative most Ibrahimic)

more Ibrahimic (comparative)
most Ibrahimic (superlative)


Fukurokuju

Borrowed from Japanese 福禄寿 (Fukurokuju), from Middle Chinese 福 (pjuwk, “fortune”) + 祿 (luwk, “blessings”) + 壽 (dzyuwX/dzyuwH, “longevity”).

af

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) The Japanese name for the Chinese god Xuanwu, one of the seven gods of good fortune: the god of happiness, wealth, and longevity.

Ebisu

恵比須; 恵比寿, 夷 or 戎


apsara

Borrowed from Hindi अप्सरा (apsarā), descended from Sanskrit अप्सरस् (apsaras).

But the boy's relatives don't sit on their behinds and wait for a pari or an apsara to drop out of the heavens.

1997, Kiran Nagarkar, Cuckold, HarperCollins, published 2013, page 40:

But here was an apsara rising out of the waters of a holy Ganga, raising her arms in salutation to the sun rising above the range of hills and offering her behind to him to marvel at and worship.

2004, Khushwant Singh, Burial at Sea, Penguin, published 2014, page 102:

Don't burn us with your fierce austerities, O master. I'll have to send apsaras to distract you.

2006, Vikram Chandra, Sacred Games, volume 1, Penguin, published 2007, page 17:

(Indian mythology, Hinduism, Buddhism) A female spirit of the clouds and waters.

অপ্সরা

a female spirit of the clouds and waters


qewl

From Northern Kurdish qewl (“word, speech”), from Arabic قول (qawl).

In Kurmanji, the dialect spoken by most Yezidis and northern Kurds, the holiest of hymns is a qewl.

2017 September 13, Alex Cuadros, “Songs from Sinjar”, in Lapham’s Quarterly, retrieved 2020-07-03:

(ethnomusicology, religion) A Yazidi hymn.


Alawite

(Islam) A member of a mystical Shiite Islamic group that reveres Ali ibn Abi Talib.


psychophony

From psycho- (“mind”) + -phony (“voice”).

Their motives are perhaps not entirely laudable and probably they are being fooled; but even if they are not getting authentic messages from the dead, yet some queer things have happened and are happening as a result of psychophony.

1922, Harper's Monthly Magazine, volume 145, page 679:

In this way the ancient knowledge of Pythagoras is applied in the most modern form of psychophony, and in this way, for the first time in the existence of the present world, the special mind-power vibrations which you require are reproduced on the invisible ether, at your command, by the use of the psychophonic records.

1996, C. De Radwan, The Secret of Mind Power and How to Use It, →ISBN, page 48:

Not uncommonly, the vibrations produce a sensation of inflation common in psychophony (vocal channeling) with the apparent expansion and swelling of the hands, feet, lips, cheeks, chin and solar plexus area.

2011, Sandie Gustus, Less Incomplete: A Guide to Experiencing the Human Condition beyond the Physical Body:

The third is the message of one or more spirits, which in psychophony is identified only as a spiritual friend.

2011, Group of Ethics Studies, The Ethics of Jesus Christ, →ISBN:

(spiritualism) Vocal communication with the dead or with spirits.


Ramadhan

(Islam) alternative spelling of Ramadan.


dargah

/ˈdɜː(ɹ)ɡɑː/

/ˈdɑː(ɹ)ɡɑː/

From Hindustani درگاہ / दरगाह (dargāh), from Classical Persian درگاه (dargāh). See also English eidgah.

If not for the fakir's dargah the village might well have melted back into the mud, its inhabitants not being the kind of people to tarry long in one place […].

2008, Amitav Ghosh, Sea of Poppies, Penguin, published 2015, page 61:

But beyond the dargah, and the medieval warren in which it sits, north India's present-day politics can be a good deal less accommodating of religious diversity.

2016, Sunil Khilnani, Incarnations, Penguin, published 2017, page 86:

(Islam, South Asia) A shrine associated with the grave of a Muslim saint or similar religious figure.


Vicar of Christ

en-noun

Vicar of Christ (plural Vicars of Christ)

Calque of Ecclesiastical Latin vicārius Christī.

calque

Grant, then, . . . that the Holy Ghost had no such respect to any one (church) as to lead it into truth, although sent with this view by Christ, and for this asked of the Father that He might be the teacher of truth; grant, also, that He, the Steward of God, the Vicar of Christ, neglected His office . . .

1885, Tertullian, chapter XXVIII, in Peter Holmes, transl., Prescription against Heretics:

(Christianity, theology, very rare) The Holy Ghost.


Nusayri

Arabic نُصَيْرِيَّة (nuṣayriyya), from the name of Ibn Nusayr.

uder

نُصَيْرِيَّة

(religion) A member of a prominent mystical religious group centred in Syria who follow a branch of the Twelver school of Shia Islam.


nonreturner

(Buddhism) A partially enlightened person.


Gatha

Transliteration of Avestan 𐬔𐬁𐬚𐬁 (gāθā). Doublet of gatha.

(Zoroastrianism) Any of the 17 hymns included in the Avesta believed to have been composed by Zoroaster himself.

Գաթա

any of the 17 hymns included in the Avesta believed to have been composed


spiritual incest

(religion) The crime of cohabitation between persons who have a spiritual alliance by means of baptism or confirmation.

(religion) The act of a vicar, or other beneficiary, who holds two benefices, the one depending on the collation of the other.


protopapas

From Ancient Greek πρῶτος (prôtos, “first”) + πάπας (pápas, “father”).

(religion, Greek Orthodox Church) A protopope.


hexameron

From Ancient Greek ἑξαήμερον (hexaḗmeron, “six-day”).

der

He drew melancholy comparisons from Nature: men were compared to wandering clouds that dissolve into nothing, to wavering shadows, and shipwrecked beings, etc. His homilies on the Hexameron, too, shew thought of Nature.

1905, Alfred Biese, The Development of the Feeling for Nature In the Middle Ages and Modern Times, page 34:

(theology) The six days in which God created the world according to the biblical creation story.

(theology) The narrative in the Book of Genesis describing the events of the hexameron.


caesaropapism

en-noun

caesaropapism (countable and uncountable, plural caesaropapisms)

/ˌsiːzəɹəʊˈpeɪpɪzm̩/

From caesar + -o- + papism, probably modelled after New Latin caesaro-papia, coined by the German ecclesiastical jurist Justus Henning Böhmer (1674–1749) in his work Jus ecclesiasticum Protestantium (Ecclesiastical Law of the Protestants, 1714–1736).

coinage

Shari'a civil law and Ottoman secular fiscal and administrative practice were all combined with Byzantine Caesaropapism, entrenching the ruler as legislator and inhibiting the transition to the rule of law ultimately made in the Empire.

2016, Peter H[amish] Wilson, The Holy Roman Empire: A Thousand Years of Europe’s History, London: Allen Lane, Penguin Books, →ISBN, page 148:

(government, religion) The combination of state (originally imperial) power with religious authority; state authority over ecclesiastical matters.

Catholic University of America
Justus Henning Böhmer

皇帝教皇主義

こうていきょうこうしゅぎ


reviviscence

en-noun

reviviscence (countable and uncountable, plural reviviscences)

But, what is still more serious, it goes apparently against the theological doctrine of the reviviscence of the Sacraments.

1910, Pierre Pourrat, Theology of the Sacraments: A Study in Positive Theology, page 190:

Reviviscence means that, when this person converts and abandons sin, he will receive the special grace of the sacrament that was conferred.

2021, Jose Granados, Introduction to Sacramental Theology, page 293:

(religion) Revival; renewal of force, validity, or effect.


gray magic

The term “gray” evolved for magic that could be classified as neither white nor black. Minor revenge would be considered a type of gray magic.

2002, Marion Weinstein, Positive Magic: Ancient Metaphysical Techniques for Modern Lives, page 63:

Copper remembered the old Grimoire she and Silver had used to learn gray magic.

2006, Cheyenne McCray, Seduced by Magic, page 3:

(Wicca) Any magic which transcends or blends white magic and black magic.

magia gris

magic which transcends or blends white and black


monoousian

/ˌmɒnəʊˈuːzɪən/

From Ancient Greek μονοούσιος (monooúsios, “of one substance”), from μόνος (mónos, “alone, only, sole, single”) + οὐσία (ousía, “being, substance, essence”) + -ian.

uder

But the homoousian Trinity of the orthodox went exactly in the middle, betwixt that monoousian trinity of Sabellius, which was a trinity of different notions or conceptions only of one and the self-same thing, and that other heteroousian trinity of Arius, which was a trinity of separate and heterogenous substances (one of which only was God, and the other creatures); […]

1678, Ralph Cudworth, The True Intellectual System of the Universe, volume I:

The use of the word "monoousian," as above, may mislead; for the orthodox view of the trinity has unquestionably and necessarily a monoousian basis; there is, and can be, but one essence in the godhead.

April 1867, The American Presbyterian and Theological Review, volume 5, number 18, page 339:

The trinitarian idea of personality lies midway between that of a mere form of manifestation, or a personation, which would lead to Sabellianism, and the idea of an independent, limited human personality, which would result in tritheism. In other words, it avoids the monoousian or unitarian trinity of a threefold conception and aspect of one and the same being, and the triousian or tritheistic trinity of three distinct and separate beings.

1884, Philip Schaff, History of the Christian Church, volume III, T. & T. Clark, pages 676–677:

(theology) Having one and the same nature or essence, especially with regard to the persons of the Trinity.

μονοούσιος

having one and the same nature or essence


charmel

And iudgement shal dwel in the wildernes, and iuſtice shal ſit in charmel.

1610, The Second Tome of the Holie Bible, […] (Douay–Rheims Bible), Doway: Lavrence Kellam, […], →OCLC, Isaie 32:16, page 494:


associatism

Associatism can take the form of venerating trees or the tombs of saints, seeking holy men or soothsayers as intermediaries with God, or putting one's faith in astrology.

2012, Khaled Hroub, Political Islam: Context Versus Ideology, →ISBN:

(religion) The worship of, or belief in, various entities associated with the divine.


Christo-Islamic

en-adj

Christo-Islamic (comparative more Christo-Islamic, superlative most Christo-Islamic)

more Christo-Islamic (comparative)
most Christo-Islamic (superlative)

He felt sure that in Toledo, among Goyas and El Grecos, in the spiritual climate of Christo-Islamic Spain as manifested in its art, he would be able to complete his elegies.

1996, Ralph Freedman, Life of a Poet: Rainer Maria Rilke, Northwestern University Press, →ISBN, page 352:

Information about the trans-Saharan supply of African gold was widely known in the Christo-Islamic financial circles of the Mediterranean and certainly reached the merchants of Lisbon.

1999, David Birmingham, Portugal and Africa, Palgrave, →ISBN, page 6:

There followed an ecumenical service focussed on Christo-Islamic harmony at St. Giles Cathedral.

2005, Richard Demarco, “Too Rough to Go Slow”, in Paul Henderson Scott, editor, Spirits of the Age: Scottish Self Portraits, The Saltire Society, →ISBN, page 115:


maghrib

From Arabic مَغْرِب (maḡrib, “west, sunset”), in صَلَاةُ اَلْمَغْرِب (ṣalātu l-maḡrib, “sunset prayer”).


NRM

en-noun

NRM (countable and uncountable, plural NRMs)

TM, Erhard Seminars Training (est), and the Rajneesh Foundation are currently the most visible NRMs offering a release service to clients in Western Europe, but a large number of smaller groups are also in operation.

1987, James A. Beckford, New Religious Movements and Rapid Social Change, SAGE Publications Ltd, →ISBN, page 44:

To illustrate rather than to define: among the better-known NRMs are the Brahma Kumaris, the Church of Scientology, the Divine Light Mission (now known as Elan Vital), est (erhard Seminar Training, now known as the Landmark Forum), the Family (originally known as the Children of God), ISKCON (the Hare Krishna), Rajneeshism (now know[n] as Osho International), Sahaja Yoga, the Soka Gakkai, Trandscendental Mediations, the Unification Church (known as the Moonies) and the Way International. One might also include Neo-Paganism, Occultism, Wicca (or witchcraft) and several movements that are within mainstream traditions, such as part of the House Church (Restoration) movement from within Protestant traditions, and Folkolare, the Neo-Catechumenates, Communione e Liberazione and perhaps even Opus Dei from within the Roman Catholic traditions.

1996, Eileen Barker, “New Religions and Mental Health”, in Dinesh Bhugra, editor, Psychiatry and Religion: Context, Consensus and Controversies, London and New York: Routledge, →ISBN, page 126:

The prospect of a new global order is also central to many variants of the Human Potential and New Age movements and Scientology. All these very different kinds of NRM nevertheless share a conviction that human beings have, perhaps for the first time, come into possession of the knowledge required to free them from traditional structures of thought and action. Hence, the confidence of the Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, founder of Transcendental Meditation, and of Werner Erhard, the founder of est (now largely reconfigured as the Landmark Trust), that the state of the entire world would improve if a sufficient number of people became sufficiently energetic and disciplined about their spiritual practice.

2004, James A. Beckford, “New Religious Movements and Globalization”, in Phillip Charles Lucas, Thomas Robbins, editors, New Religious Movements in the 21st Century, Abingdon and New York: Routledge, →ISBN, page 208:

The majority of NRMs are, however, not indigenous to Europe. Many can be traced to the United States (frequently to California), including offshoots of the Jesus Movement (such as the Children of God, later known as the Family); the Way International; International Churches of Christ; the Church Universal and Triumphant (known as Summit Lighthouse in England); and much of the human potential movement (such as est, which gave rise to the Landmark Forum, and various practices developed through the Esalen Institute).

2005, Eileen Barker, “New Religious Movements in Europe”, in Lindsay Jones, editor, Encyclopedia of Religion, Detroit: Macmillan Reference, →ISBN, page 6568:

Although est and the Forum are frequently characterized as NRMs or 'cults' (q.v.), leaders and participants have typically denied that undergoing the seminars involves following a religion.

2006, George D. Chryssides, The A to Z of New Religious Movements, Scarecrow Press, →ISBN, page 121:

new religious movement
new religious movement#English

(religion) Initialism of new religious movement.


preterism

(theology) A Christian eschatological view that interprets Biblical prophecies as events which happened in the first century C.E..


Kutub al-Sittah

Borrowed from Arabic الكُتُب السِّتَّة (al-kutub as-sitta, “the six books”).

bor

الكُتُب السِّتَّة

(Islam) The group of six collections of hadiths (sayings or acts of Muhammad) which form part of the official canon of Sunni Islam.


Nārada

Transliteration of Sanskrit नारद (nārada) or Pali Nārada.

translit

(Buddhism) The name of the 12th of 27 named Buddhas immediately preceding Gautama.


Kroni

Ayyavazhi (an offshoot of Hinduism) followers, however, believed in a devil–like figure called Kroni, who was the primordial manifestation of evil and appears in various forms of evil, e.g. Ravana, Dury-odhana, etc.

2012, Nwaocha Ogechukwu Friday, The Devil: What Does He Look Like?, →ISBN, page 43:

(religion, Hinduism, Ayyavazhi) The primordial manifestation of evil in Ayyavazhi mythology.


sharia law

en-noun

sharia law (countable and uncountable, plural sharia laws)

(countable, Islam) Any of the laws in this system.


heavenly stem

One of the ten terms used in East Asian cultures to represent

(historical religion) The ancestor venerated with a ritual on the appointed day of the traditional week.


doctrine of necessity

duress of circumstances

principle of preservation of greater utilitarian value

In examining the doctrine of necessity, I shall endeavour to bring what I have to say about the subject into as narrow a compass as possible, and for that purpose the following axioms are premised; as in all sciences, some principles must be taken for granted, else nothing can be proved.

1803, John Dawson, The Doctrine of Philosophical Necessity Briefly Invalidated, page 7:

(philosophy, metaphysics, theology) Necessarianism, especially as espoused by Joseph Priestley.


laying on of hands

laying on of hands (plural layings on of hands)

And when Simon ſaw that through laying on of the Apoſtles hands', the holy Ghoſt was giuen, hee offered them money,[…]

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Acts 8:18, column 1:

He holds daily levees, which are crowded, at Metropolitan Hall, where he proclaims that he has been sent of God to heal diseases by the touch. Many are fools enough to try the experiment . . . . His formula is, "Disease, depart," accompanied with a laying on of hands.

1865 April 2, “From the West”, in New York Times, retrieved 2013-01-25:

They cast out devils by magic charms, cured diseases by the laying on of hands, drank deadly poisons unharmed, and unharmed played with deadly snakes—or so they claimed.

1915, Jack London, The Jacket (The Star-Rover), ch. 17

This monstrous parody of divine compassion . . . performs, in the presence of moving picture cameras, a grotesque parody upon the laying on of hands and the healing of the sick.

1922, Upton Sinclair, chapter 35, in They Call Me Carpenter: A Tale of the Second Coming:

Popoff would race around an auditorium, striding up to dozens of people he had never met, greeting them by name, reciting their addresses, diagnosing their illnesses and then pretending to heal them with a laying on of hands.

2001 June 24, Leon Jaroff, “Fighting Against Flimflam”, in Time:

(religion, chiefly Christianity) The practice of using touch to communicate spiritual energy from one person to another, especially as an act of healing.


apocrisiarius

Latin apocrisiarius, apocrisarius, from Ancient Greek ἀπόκρισις (apókrisis, “separation, answer, embassy or commission”).

uder

(historical, ecclesiastical) A high diplomatic representative, approximately equivalent to a papal nuncio.

apocrisiaire

a high diplomatic ecclesiastical representative


psychagogy

In the Christian type of psychagogy we will see that although it is true that the person who provides spiritual direction must obey a number of rules, and that he has a number of responsibilities and obligations, the most fundamental and essential cost of the truth and of "truth-telling" will be borne by the person whose soul has to be guided.

1981-1982, Michel Foucault, The Hermeneutics of the Subject: Lectures at the Collège de France 1981--1982, published 2005:

An even more resounding echo of Plato's Gordias can be heard in this passage: the connection between psychagogy and pedagogy.

2006, James N. Comas, Between Politics and Ethics: Toward a Vocative History of English Studies, page 112:

Emphasis falls on the correction of error and participation in mutual psychagogy. This emphasis on reciprocal correction in friendship is congruent with the ideal of friendship of many and runs counter to the common saying that one should judge a person's character before friendship is proffered.

1996, John T. Fitzgeraldn, editor, Friendship, Flattery, and Frankness of Speech: Studies on Friendship in the New Testament World:

(religion, philosophy) Guidance of the soul.


nexion

Perhaps related to connection, nexus, etc.?

To implement sinister strategy — i.e., to presence the acausal (or "the dark forces") via nexions and so change evolution.

2001, James R. Lewis, Satanism Today, page 197:

[…] the ONA has indeed opened certain nexions, which openings The Dark Gods have been waiting for...

2006, dissidentn...@hotmail.com, “New ONA MSS Part 3: Return to the Dark”, in alt.satanism (Usenet):

These nine fundamental forms […] exist in many combinations within the nexion which the Tree of Wyrd represents[…]

2008, Order of Nine Angles, Codex Saerus, page 157:

(occultism) A kind of occult gate or portal.


open table

(religion) The practice of some Protestant churches to allow all people to take Communion, regardless of being members of the church or not.


defenced

en-adj

defenced (comparative more defenced, superlative most defenced)

more defenced (comparative)
most defenced (superlative)

But if any proper burning of the Sunne should be vnderstood, how isit, that it afflicteth the wicked more thế the good, whereas both of them dwell mingled together vppon the earth and the one of them is not more defenced frố the force of the heauenly bodies, then the other.

1616, Thomas Brightman, The Reuelation of St Iohn, page 680:

Human invention
 Could not instruct me to dispose her where
 She could be more defenced from all men's eyes;
 An anchorite lives not prisoned in a wall
 With more security.

1633, James Shirley, The Bird in a Cage:

Comparison of the condition to which the defenced city is to be reduced, to a wilderness.

1854 July, “A Designation and Exposition of the Figures in Isaiah”, in The Theological and Literary Journal, volume 7, number 1, page 150:

The reason why they are a defenced city during the time of their taking root, just like today, is because they are in their land, but not in their land undere the blessing of the old covenant. Once they are in their land undere the old covenant, because God purged them, they will not need a defense. Because the Lord is their defense. Today, Israel is a defenced city with walls as they are taking root.

2010, Clair L. Hassell, Jonathan C. Hassell, Will the Red Sea Part Again, page 92:

(archaic, biblical) Having defenses; defended.


Low Sunday

Likely in contrast to the solemnity of the preceding Easter Sunday.

(ecclesiastical) The Sunday following Easter.


White Sunday

From Ecclesiastical Latin Dominica in Albīs, itself a contraction of Dominica in Albīs dēpōnendīs or dēpositīs, “Sunday for putting away the white things”, i.e. the white robe of baptism traditionally received by those newly baptised at Easter. Doublet of Whitsunday.


korban

Ultimately from Arabic قُرْبَان (qurbān), probably through Malay korban. Doublet of corban and Qurbana.

To explore alternative sources, a korban review committee was formed last December with officials from the Islamic Religious Council of Singapore[…].

2013 October 16, Melody Zaccheus, “Muslims mark Hari Raya Haji with prayer, korban”, in The Straits Times:

[…]on Hari Raya Haji, a “Korban” (sacrifice) is performed, where live sheep, lambs and other livestock are slaughtered as prayers are recited.

2020 May 15, Pinky Chng, “What's the difference between Hari Raya Puasa and Hari Raya Haji?”, in AsiaOne:

(Islam) a ritual sacrifice of a livestock animal at Eid ul-Adha


dawah

From Arabic دَعْوَة (daʕwa, “call to action; invitation”).

der

(Islam) Islamic proselytism, particularly through preaching


kolovrat

Ultimately from Proto-Slavic *kolovortъ. In historical records, similar symbols were recorded as ладинец (ladinec) in Russian or słoneczko in Polish.
This spelling was influenced by Russian коловра́т (kolovrát), the more well-known form of the symbol invented by the neo-pagan leader Alexey Dobrovolsky in the 1990s.

In contrast, Krasnodar respondents were keen to differentiate between the kolovrat and the swastika, while recognizing the symbolic connections between them: […]

2009, George McKay, Michael Goddard, Christopher Williams, Neil Foxlee, editors, Subcultures and New Religious Movements in Russia and East-Central Europe, Peter Lang, →ISBN, page 284:

(paganism, politics, fascism, nationalism) An eight-spoked swastika used by Slavic neopagan, fascist, and nationalist groups.


dhuhr

From Arabic ظُهْر (ẓuhr, “noon”), in صَلَاة اَلظُّهْر (ṣalāt aẓ-ẓuhr, “noon prayer”).

Each afternoon – immediately following the dhuhur or midday prayers – he was summoned to Fatima's tent for a question-and-answer period.

1982, TC Boyle, Water Music, Penguin, published 2006, page 55:

It is 1999 and I am told that, as an employee of the nation of Islam, one of my duties is to supervise the female students of the college while they participate in Dhuhr.

2010, Kylie Sturgess, The Lay Scientist, The Guardian (online), 10 Nov 2010


Light

English surname, from both senses of light.

(Islam) The 24th sura (chapter) of the Qur'an.


Tripitaka

Borrowed from Sanskrit त्रिपिटक (tripiṭaka, “Three Baskets”). Compare Pali tipiṭaka (“Three Baskets”).

bor

(Buddhism) Any of several canons of Buddhist scripture.

ত্রিপিটক

any of several canons of Buddhist scripture


rock slam

(Scientology) An erratic slashing motion of an E-meter's needle, supposed to indicate evil intentions in the subject.


Mu'tazila

Borrowed from Arabic الْمُعْتَزِلَة (al-muʕtazila).

الْمُعْتَزِلَة

A denomination in Islam that valued reason over hadith interpretation.

(collective) The followers of this branch in Islam; the Mu'tazilis, the Mu'tazilites.


OISM

Orthodox Inter-Seminary Movement
w:Orthodox Inter-Seminary Movement

(religion) Initialism of Orthodox Inter-Seminary Movement.


UHC

(religion, Islam) Initialism of Universal Hejric Calendar.


apeirotheism

/əˌpiːɹɵˈθiːɪzəm/

/əˌpeɪ̯ɹɵˈθiːɪzəm/

From apeiro- + theism, from Ancient Greek ἄπειρος (ápeiros, “infinite”) and θεός (theós, “god”), modeled after atheism, monotheism, polytheism, etc.
Apparently coined by Scottish-American philosopher Thomas Davidson.

coinage

Religious feelings springing from an optimistic and healthy-minded apeirotheism permeated Davidson's activity in his lectures, his social engagement, and travel. Such feelings were the logical outcome of considering oneself and others as the sons of god.

2001, Michael H. DeArmey, James A. Good, The St Louis Hegelians (American Hegelianism), Thoemmes Press, →ISBN, page xxix:

(religion) The belief in the existence of an infinite number of gods.


ICOP

(astronomy, Islam) Initialism of Islamic Crescent Observation Project.


Amatsumara

Borrowed from Japanese 天津麻羅 (Amatsumara).

bor+

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) the Japanese god of the forge, metalcraft, and blacksmithing.


Kajishin

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) the Japanese god of the forge, metalcraft, and blacksmithing


Enma

From Japanese 閻魔 (Enma). Doublet of Yama.

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) The Japanese name for Yama, the Hindu, Buddhist and Chinese god who presides over naraku (hell). A deity and/or personification of death. (Compare Izanami and the Shinigami.)


Konohananosakuya-hime

Borrowed from Japanese 木花咲耶姫 (Konohanasakuya-hime).

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) The goddess of Mount Fuji; the blossom-princess, and the symbol of delicate earthly life.


Ame-no-Uzume

Borrowed from Japanese 天宇受売命, 天鈿女命 (あめのうずめ, Ame-no-Uzume).

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) The Japanese goddess of the dawn, joy and of springtime.

أَمِه نُو أُوزُومِه

Japanese goddess of dawn, joy and springtime


Bishamonten

(mythology, Buddhism, Shinto) The Japanese name for the Buddhist god Vaiśravaṇa, guardian of the North and a patron god of warriors in Japan.


Hotei

From Japanese 布袋 (Hotei), from Middle Chinese 布袋 (MC puH dojH, “cloth sack”) (compare Mandarin 布袋 (Bùdài), Vietnamese Bố Đại), by metonymy "Man with the cloth sack", the "Laughing Buddha" figure associated with the Maitreya Buddha.

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) The Chinese god Budai, the fat and happy god of abundance and good health, and one of the seven gods of luck.


Bukharist

1941, V. R. Bevan Jones, Lewis Bevan Jones, Woman in Islām: A Manual with Special Reference to Conditions in India, page 432:

(Islam, rare) A Sunni; one who believes in Sahih Bukhari.


Ebisu

Borrowed from Japanese 恵比須, 恵比寿, 夷, 戎 (Ebisu).

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) The Japanese god of fishing and commerce. One of the seven gods of luck.


Jurōjin

Borrowed from Japanese 寿老人 (Jurōjin), from Middle Chinese 壽 (dʒjùw, “longevity”) + 老 (láw, “old”) + 人 (nyin, “person”).

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) The Japanese god of longevity. One of the seven gods of luck.


Daikokuten

(Japanese mythology, Buddhism, Shinto) The Japanese name for Mahākāla, a Buddhist god of wealth, commerce and trade. In Japanese folk tradition, he is one of the seven gods of luck. In Shinto, he is syncretized with the deity Ōkuninushi. Daikokuten is often depicted paired with Ebisu in statuary or in the form of masks on the walls of small retail shops.


monergism

en-noun

monergism (countable and uncountable, plural monergisms)

(theology) A Christian position holding that God, through the Holy Spirit, works to bring about effectually the salvation of individuals through spiritual regeneration without cooperation from the individual.


Kagutsuchi

Borrowed from Japanese 迦具土 (かぐつち, Kagutsuchi), originally a compound of かぐ (kagu, obsolete verb root meaning “to shine, to sparkle”) + つ (tsu, Old Japanese possessive particle) + ち (chi, “power, life force”).

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) The Japanese god of fire, son of Izanagi and Izanami and brother of Amaterasu, Susanoo, Tsukuyomi and Ōyamatsumi; he burned his mother to death while being born.


Yakushi Nyorai

(Japanese mythology, Buddhism) The Japanese name for Bhaiṣajyaguru, the Buddha of medicine.


paramita

From Sanskrit पारमिता (pāramitā, “perfection; completeness”).

der

(Buddhism) perfection or culmination of certain virtues


Hadith

(uncountable, religion, Islam) The entire collection of hadiths (sayings and deeds) of Muhammad within a particular branch of Islam or Islamic jurisprudence.


big mind

(Buddhism) In the Zen tradition, an awareness of reality that transcends the merely personal or subjective.


Hachiman

(Japanese mythology, Shinto, Buddhism) the Japanese god of archery and tutelary deity of samurai.


takfir

en-verb

takfir (third-person singular simple present takfirs, present participle takfiring, simple past and past participle takfired)

takfirs (present singular third-person)
takfiring (participle present)
takfired (participle past)
takfired (past)

(Islam, transitive) To excommunicate, to declare kafir.


soulscot

en-noun

soulscot (countable and uncountable, plural soulscots)

From Middle English saulesoth, *soulescot, from sāwolsċeatt (“an ecclesiastical due, to be paid for every deceased person to the clergy of the church to which he belonged, in consideration of the services performed by them in his behalf”), equivalent to soul + scot.

O, by my soulscot, I do love to tell My stories with the haste I often count, At drowsy night, my Paternoster belt.

1839, J. F. Pennie, Britain's Historical Drama:

He will pay his brotherhood yearly, and soulscot on the death of a brother or sister, except for reason of poverty; […]

1955, J. W. F. Hill, Tudor & Stuart Lincoln, page 32:

The vagaries of the records bar any firm calculation of membership figures – especially as receipts include money for 'soulscot', presumably made on behalf of the dead.

2007, R. N. Swanson, Indulgences in Late Medieval England:

[…] churchscot, a render paid annually in grain; lightscot, candles or oil for lighting church lamps; plough-alms, assessed at a penny per plough; and soulscot, a payment in return for burial in a church graveyard.

2010, Joyce Tally Lionarons, The Homiletic Writings of Archbishop Wulfstan:

(ecclesiastical law, historical) A funeral payment, formerly made at the grave, usually to the parish priest in whose church service for the departed had been said; a mortuary.


Bakriyyah

Borrowed from Arabic بَكْرِيَّة (bakriyya).


mikoshi

From Japanese 神(み)輿(こし) (mikoshi, “divine sedan”).

(Shinto) A raised ceremonial litter used to transport a Shinto deity between shrines.


Ryūjin

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) A dragon god also known as Watatsumi and Suijin, the tutelary deity of the sea in Japanese mythology.


Umari

From Arabic عُمَري (ʕumari). Equivalent to Umar + -i. See also Amari.

(Islam) A member of the al-Omari, a family claiming descent from Umar, the second caliph of the Islamic empire.


Jubilate Sunday

Jubilate Sunday (plural Jubilate Sundays)

Named from the liturgy of the Catholic Church, in which the first line of the introit for that day's mass is "Jubilate Deo omnis terra" ("Shout with joy to God, all the earth").

(religion) The third Sunday after Easter.


mut'ah

mut'ah (usually uncountable, plural mut'ahs)

Borrowed from Arabic مُتْعَة (mutʕa). Doublet of mutat.

(Islam) Temporary marriage (wedlease) practised by certain Muslim sects, particularly Shias.


archbishopdom

From Middle English *archebischopdom, from Old English ærċebiscopdōm (“archiepiscopal dignity; archbishopric”), equivalent to archbishop + -dom.

inh

… some call it the sacrament of priesthood, of bishopdom, or of archbishopdom, …

1855, A general index to the publications of the Parker Society - Page 567

In the not too distant past Salzburg had been an Archbishopdom ruled by her archbishops.

1982, Josefa Nina Lieberman, He came to Cambridge, Beaumont:

The fines of 120 Mark remained unpaid, as the principals were said to have refused. One can understand that the three agents fled into the adjacent archbishopdom where they could not be reached by the guardians of Riga's law.

1995, Erik Tiberg, Moscow, Livonia and the Hanseatic League: 1487-1550 - Page 191:

(ecclesiastical) The realm, sphere, domain, office, or jurisdiction of an archbishop; archbishopric.


anticonversion

en-adj

anticonversion (comparative more anticonversion, superlative most anticonversion)

more anticonversion (comparative)
most anticonversion (superlative)

anticonversion laws in India

(law, religion) Opposing or preventing conversion from one religion to another.

anticonversão

opposing or preventing religious conversion


Wahhabist

(Islam) a follower of Wahhabism; a Wahhabite.


Dainichi Nyorai

(Japanese mythology, Buddhism) The Japanese name for the sun Buddha, Vairocana, one of the Five Dhyani Buddhas.


Kannon

From Japanese 観音 (Kannon), from Middle Chinese 觀音 (MC kwan 'im), a translation of Sanskrit अवलोकितेश्वर (avalokiteśvara).

der

अवलोकितेश्वर

“A long time ago, Kannon, the Bodhisattva of Compassion, made a deep vow to free all beings and help us wake up to our true and luminous nature.”

2021, Ruth Ozeki, The Book of Form and Emptiness, Canongate Books (2022), page 413:

(religion, Buddhism) Kannon, the Japanese version of Guanyin, the Chinese translation of Avalokiteśvara, the bodhisattva of mercy and compassion.


Fukūjōju Nyorai

(Japanese mythology, Buddhism) Fukūjōju Nyorai; the Japanese name for the Northern Buddha, Amoghasiddhi, one of the Five Dhyani Buddhas.


Amida Nyorai

The Tendai may indeed be regarded as the mother sect of all later developments of Japanese Buddhism, and Amida Nyorai is even of greater importance in Japanese art than Sakya Muni, the founder of the religion.

1906, Edward Dillon, The Arts of Japan (Little books on art), Methuen, →OCLC, page 36:

The 13m-tall image represents Amida Nyorai, the future Buddha who receives souls into the Western Paradise, and was built under the orders of Minamoto Yoritomo to rival the larger Nara Buddha, near Kyoto.

2011 February 1, Jan Dodd, Simon Richmond, The Rough Guide to Japan (Rough Guide to...), Penguin, →ISBN, →OCLC:

Pure Land Buddhism suggests that the problem of suffering should not be addressed as a spiritual matter but at the level of change in the social environment. The desired social environment is the peaceful and equalitarian environment envisioned by Amida Nyorai’s vows in the Larger Sūtra and especially in the First Vow.

2019, U. Dessì, “The Pure Land and this World in Hishiki Masaharu’s Shin Buddhist Ethics”, in G. T. Halkias, R. K. Payne, editors, Pure Lands in Asian Texts and Contexts, University of Hawaii Press, →ISBN, page 578:

(Japanese mythology, Buddhism) The Japanese name for the Western Buddha, Amitābha, one of the Five Dhyani Buddhas.


Ashuku Nyorai

Vajra Division (kongō-bu): The eternal life force. The central deity is Ashuku Nyorai.

1988, Taikō Yamasaki, Shingon: Japanese Esoteric Buddhism, Shambhala, →ISBN, page 139:

Finally, behind Fukūjōju sits Ashuku Nyorai. Ashuku is the Buddha of the East. His left hand holds a piece of detached sleeve. His right hand hangs pendent in front of his right knee, palm turned inward, fingers pointing toward the ground.

2007, Philip L. Nicoloff, Sacred Koyasan, SUNY Press, →ISBN, page 128:

It contains statues of Ashuku Nyorai, Hōshō Nyorai, Muryōju Nyorai, and Fukūjōju Nyorai surrounding a statue of Dainichi Nyorai.

2008, Tatsuro Muro, David C. Moreton, A Journey of the Soul, Education Publishing Center, →ISBN, page 14:

Establish the connection with the Imperturbable Buddha Ashuku Nyorai through the distant contact. Greet him with the words: “Dear Ashuku Nyorai, I come to you as a sick person and request healing. […]”

2006, Mark Hosak, Walter Luebeck, The Big Book of Reiki Symbols, Lotus Press, →ISBN, page 263:

On the left is a third guest Buddha, a seated image of Ashuku Nyorai carved in 1322 by Inkō, about whom little is known.

2021, Burritt Sabin, Kamakura: A Contemplative Guide, Partridge, →ISBN:

(Japanese mythology, Buddhism) The Japanese name for the Eastern Buddha, Akṣobhya, one of the Five Dhyani Buddhas.


Hōshō Nyorai

As we face Dainichi, the Buddha seated at our near left is Hōshō Nyorai, the Buddha of the South.

2007, Philip L. Nicoloff, Sacred Koyasan, SUNY Press, →ISBN, page 127:

The Hōshō Nyorai sculpture sits on a lotus base, which rests on the back of several seated, winged horses. The deity's left hand grasps the edge of the robe, the left rests on the knee, palm facing upward in the wish-granting mudra.

2010, Hillary Pedersen, The Five Great Space Repository Bodhisattvas (dissertation), University of Kansas, page 208:

Or if the dying person should manifest a sign presaging rebirth among any of the thirty-six kinds of hungry ghosts, the attendant should immediately intervene to save that person by performing the rites of Hōshō Nyorai, Kokūzō, Jizō, Thousand-Armed Kannon, Bodhisattva Perfection of Giving, and the rite of offering Deathbed Attendants

2016, Jacqueline I. Stone, Right Thoughts at the Last Moment, University of Hawaii Press, →ISBN, pages 289–290:

(Japanese mythology, Buddhism) The Japanese name for the Southern Buddha, Ratnasaṃbhava, one of the Five Dhyani Buddhas.


dikka

(Islam) A tribune raised upon columns from which the Qur'an is recited and prayers are intoned by the Imam of a mosque.

дикка

tribune raised upon columns from which the Koran is recited


restrictivism

From restrictive + -ism, coined by John E. Sanders.

(theology) The view that Christian salvation is possible only for those who have heard about the gospel of Jesus and put their faith in Jesus prior to their death.


klesha

(Hinduism, Buddhism) A mental state, such as fear or ignorance, that clouds the mind and leads to unwholesome actions.


Satanic Bible

(religion) The central religious text in LaVeyan Satanism.


Awan

Awan married her brother Cain.

(religion) The daughter of Adam and Eve in the Book of Jubilees.


misyar

(Islam) A temporary marriage (wedlease), especially in Sunni Islam.


harami

(Islam) A person who has done something haram; a sinner.


Mabon

Coined by Aidan A. Kelly around 1970 as a reference to Mabon ap Modron, a character from Welsh mythology.

(Wicca) A pagan and Wiccan holiday celebrating the second harvest at the time of the autumnal equinox.


antimonistic

en-adj

antimonistic (comparative more antimonistic, superlative most antimonistic)

more antimonistic (comparative)
most antimonistic (superlative)


Bwiti

Bwiti has not yet appeared in the United States and thus has not made a request for a religious exemption for its consumption of iboga. Clearly, Bwiti would satisfy criteria for a bona fide religion in the context of drug use (or “nondrug” use).

2007, Margaret P. Battin, Erik Luna, Arthur G. Lipman, Paul M. Gahlinger, Douglas E. Rollins, Jeanette C. Roberts, Troy L. Booher, Drugs and Justice: Seeking a Consistent, Coherent, Comprehensive View, page 194:

Under the influence of iboga, the Bwiti initiates are able to communicate directly with an assembly of dead ones—a chain of ancestors.

2009, Marlene Dobkin de Rios, The Psychedelic Journey of Marlene Dobkin de Rios, page 85:

In West Africa, iboga is most often used as a sacrament of initiation in the Bwiti religion. Bwiti is a widely accepted and officially recognized religion in Gabon and in recent decades has spread to several neighboring countries.

2010, Stephen Gray, Returning to Sacred World: A Spiritual Toolkit for the Emerging Reality, page 297:

Bwiti is a new religious movement found among the Fang and Metsogo peoples of Gabon in equatorial West Africa. This ecstatic, syncretic cult, influenced by the Bieri ancestral cult and Christian evangelism, has been characterized as a reformative movement and as a dynamic form of resistance and response to colonialism (Fernandez 1982). The polymorphous Bwiti religion is spread throughout Fang territory, but chapels are relatively autonomous, and there is little organization beyond that found at the level of individual villages (Fernandez 1972).

2013, Des Tramacchi, “6: Entheogenic dance ecstasis: cross-cultural contexts”, in Graham St John, editor, Rave Culture and Religion, page 132:

(religion) A syncretistic religion and spiritual discipline practised in Gabon and Cameroon.

bwiti

an animistic religion of Gabon and Cameroon


Bwiti

To enter the Bwiti religion initiates must see Bwiti, the Ancestors. The only way to see Bwiti is in the altered state of consciousness induced by Iboga, the sacred plant entheogen utilized by Bwiti followers.

2007, Christina Pratt, “Bwiti”, in An Encyclopedia of Shamanism, Volume One: A-M, page 75:

The initiate falls to the ground in a stupor after drinking the iboga brew. The Bwiti then is supposed to reveal itself under diverse and macabre forms.

(religion, Bwiti) An ancestor or other religiously relevant figure, especially one appearing in a drug-induced vision to an initiate of the Bwiti religion.


Sevener

(Islam) A member of a branch of Ismaili Shi'a Muslims who believe that Isma'il ibn Jafar was the seventh and last imam (hereditary leader of the Muslim community).


khatib

(Islam) A person who delivers the khutbah.


new religious movement

en-noun

new religious movement (plural new religious movements)

TM, Erhard Seminars Training (est), and the Rajneesh Foundation are currently the most visible NRMs offering a release service to clients in Western Europe, but a large number of smaller groups are also in operation.

1987, James A. Beckford, New Religious Movements and Rapid Social Change, SAGE Publications Ltd, →ISBN, page 44:

To illustrate rather than to define: among the better-known NRMs are the Brahma Kumaris, the Church of Scientology, the Divine Light Mission (now known as Elan Vital), est (erhard Seminar Training, now known as the Landmark Forum), the Family (originally known as the Children of God), ISKCON (the Hare Krishna), Rajneeshism (now know as Osho International), Sahaja Yoga, the Soka Gakkai, Trandscendental Mediations, the Unification Church (known as the Moonies) and the Way International. One might also include Neo-Paganism, Occultism, Wicca (or witchcraft) and several movements that are within mainstream traditions, such as part of the House Church (Restoration) movement from within Protestant traditions, and Folkolare, the Neo-Catechumenates, Communione e Liberazione and perhaps even Opus Dei from within the Roman Catholic traditions.

1996, Eileen Barker, “New Religions and Mental Health”, in Dinesh Bhugra, editor, Psychiatry and Religion: Context, Consensus and Controversies, London and New York: Routledge, →ISBN, page 126:

...the human potential and psychotherapy movements, as well as the more 'life-affirming' New Religious Movements and religions of the self. This was the complex world of the Californian 'psychobabble', of Scientology and est (Erhard Seminars Training, later called Forums Network), of Encounter Groups, meditation techniques and self-help manuals designed to assist individuals 'realise their potential'.

1999, Jamie Cresswell, Bryan Wilson, editors, New Religious Movements, Routledge, →ISBN, page 35:

The prospect of a new global order is also central to many variants of the Human Potential and New Age movements and Scientology. All these very different kinds of NRM nevertheless share a conviction that human beings have, perhaps for the first time, come into possession of the knowledge required to free them from traditional structures of thought and action. Hence, the confidence of the Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, founder of Transcendental Meditation, and of Werner Erhard, the founder of est (now largely reconfigured as the Landmark Trust), that the state of the entire world would improve if a sufficient number of people became sufficiently energetic and disciplined about their spiritual practice.

2004, James A. Beckford, “New Religious Movements and Globalization”, in Phillip Charles Lucas, Thomas Robbins, editors, New Religious Movements in the 21st Century, Abingdon and New York: Routledge, →ISBN, page 208:

These two opposing strategies of new religious movements for delivering compensators I will term 'compensation delivery systems' (CDS). The gradual CDS can best be described as religion as a multi-level marketing (MLM) tactic - a term I take from the business world. ... Exemplars of new religious movements with a gradual CDS are Scientology and Erhard Seminar Training in its various manifestations.

2004, James R. Lewis, The Encyclopedic Sourcebook of New Age Religions, Prometheus Books, →ISBN, page 187:

The majority of NRMs are, however, not indigenous to Europe. Many can be traced to the United States (frequently to California), including offshoots of the Jesus Movement (such as the Children of God, later known as the Family); the Way International; International Churches of Christ; the Church Universal and Triumphant (known as Summit Lighthouse in England); and much of the human potential movement (such as est, which gave rise to the Landmark Forum, and various practices developed through the Esalen Institute).

2005, Eileen Barker, “New Religious Movements in Europe”, in Lindsay Jones, editor, Encyclopedia of Religion, Detroit: Macmillan Reference, →ISBN, page 6568:

Although est and the Forum are frequently characterized as NRMs or 'cults' (q.v.), leaders and participants have typically denied that undergoing the seminars involves following a religion.

2006, George D. Chryssides, The A to Z of New Religious Movements, Scarecrow Press, →ISBN, page 121:

(religion) (abbreviated NRM) Any religious community or spiritual group of modern origins, having a peripheral place within a state's dominant religious culture.