nasrol

Perhaps from Na chemical symbol and an abbreviation for symphorol?

Experiments with nasrol (sodium caffeine-sulphonate), however, showed that this combination did not excite the vascular nervous system […]

1894, George Frederick Shrady, Thomas Lathrop Stedman, Medical Record, volume 45, page 31:

Nasrol can be given in daily doses […]

1897, David Cerna, Notes on the Newer Remedies:

(organic chemistry, dated) sodium symphorol


cuminoside

Major secondary metabolites isolated from cumin seed are 1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside [77 ], β-D-glucopyranoside [78 ] and cuminoside A and B [77 ] etc.

2015 December 8, “Physio-Biochemical Composition and Untargeted Metabolomics of Cumin ( Cuminum cyminum L.) Make It Promising Functional Food and Help in Mitigating Salinity Stress”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

Cuminum cyminum
Cuminum cyminum#Translingual

(organic chemistry) Either of a pair of secondary metabolites found in cumin (Cuminum cyminum)


alkoxymethyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) Any alkoxy derivative of a methyl group R-O-CH₂-


dodecyloxymethyl

The results for the system based on the most efficient surfactant with dodecyloxymethyl side chains are presented in Fig 7 .

2015 December 8, “Gemini Surfactants Based on Bis-Imidazolium Alkoxy Derivatives as Effective Agents for Delivery of Nucleic Acids: A Structural and Spectroscopic Study”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) An alkoxymethyl radical in which R is a dodecyl group


hexadecyloxymethyl

Surfactants differ in the length of alkoxymethyl side chains, ranging from pentanoxymethyl to hexadecyloxymethyl, as indicated by their designations (C5, C6, C7, C8, C9, C11, C12, C14 and C16).

(organic chemistry) An alkoxymethyl radical in which R is a hexadecyl group


pentanoxymethyl

(organic chemistry) An alkoxymethyl radical in which R is a pentyl group


tryptanthrin

en-noun

tryptanthrin (countable and uncountable, plural tryptanthrins)

Of note is that all the tryptanthrin analogs showed M.

2015 December 8, “Identification of New Molecular Entities (NMEs) as Potential Leads against Tuberculosis from Open Source Compound Repository”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The quinazolinone derivative indolo(2,1-b)quinazoline-6,12-dione


triethylene

Choline chloride (C 5 H 14 ClNO) and N,N-diethylenethanol ammonium chloride (C 6 H 16 ClNO) as quaternary ammonium salts as well as triethylene glycol (C 6 H 14 O 4 ), glycerol (C 3 H 8 O 3 ) and ethylene glycol (C 2 H 6 O 2 ) as hydrogen bond donors were obtained from Merck Chemicals (Germany) with high purity (≥ 98%) and were used as-received.

2015 December 8, “The Effect of Temperature on Kinetics and Diffusion Coefficients of Metallocene Derivatives in Polyol-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry, in combination) Three ethylene groups in a molecule


bartsioside

The twelfth step is conversion of geniposidic acid to bartsioside, which is catalyzed by a decarboxylase enzyme.

2015 December 12, “NGS Transcriptomes and Enzyme Inhibitors Unravel Complexity of Picrosides Biosynthesis in Picrorhiza kurroa Royle ex. Benth”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The natural product (1S,4aR,7aS)-7-(hydroxymethyl)-1,4a,5,7a-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyran-1-yl β-D-glucopyranoside


aucubigenin

(organic chemistry) The aglycone of aucubin.


pithomycolide

(organic chemistry) A cyclodepsipeptide of the fungus Pithomyces chartarum.


asperuloside

(organic chemistry) A particular glycoside with similar properties to aucubin.


plantarenaloside

(organic chemistry) An iridoid found in the genus Psyllium.


stansioside

(organic chemistry) An iridoid glucoside found in Tecoma stans.


ajugoside

Ajuga reptans
Ajuga reptans#Translingual

(organic chemistry) An iridoid monoterpene found in Ajuga reptans.


reptoside

(organic chemistry) An iridoid glucoside found in Ajuga reptans.


plantagonine

(organic chemistry) A base closely related to indicaine, found in Plantago species.


decinine

(organic chemistry) A particular alkaloid found in plants of the family Lythraceae.


boschniakine

(organic chemistry) An actinidine-type alkaloid found in Boschniakia rossica.


indicaine

(organic chemistry) An alkaloid found in Plantago indica.


lagerine

Lagerstroemia indica
Lagerstroemia indica#Translingual

(organic chemistry) An alkaloid found in Lagerstroemia indica.


lythrine

(organic chemistry) An alkaloid found in Heimia salicifolia.


verticillatine

(organic chemistry) An organic compound with ganglionic blocking activity, found in Rauvolfia verticillata.


ulmoside

suf

translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Ulmus</i>

(organic chemistry) An aucubigenin diglycoside found in the bark of Ulmus wallichiana.


euphroside

(organic chemistry) A particular iridoid glycoside.


trimethylanaminium

These fragment ions at m/z 66.12 and m/z 68.13 corresponds to deuterated N,N-dimethyl-N-methyleneanaminium ([(CD 3 ) 2 (CD 2 )N] + ) and a deuterated trimethylanaminium radical ([(CD 3 ) 3 N] +• ), respectively.

2015 December 12, “Quantitative Profiling of Long-Chain Bases by Mass Tagging and Parallel Reaction Monitoring”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The radical ion (CH₃)₃N^(+•)


picroside

Genetic interventions for developing a picroside production platform would require knowledge on biosynthetic pathway and key control points, which does not exist as of today.

(organic chemistry) Any of a family of iridoid glycosides isolated from Picrorhiza species


sinicuichine

(organic chemistry) A biphenylquinolizidine lactone alkaloid found in Heimia salicifolia.


nitrophenasic acid

(organic chemistry, obsolete) An organic compound produced by the action of nitric acid on phenylic alcohol.


chrysoeriol

Indeed, berries treated with ozone contain more phenolics such as coumarins (umbelliferone), flavones or its derivatives: chrysoeriol, quercetin and quercetin hexose, as well as phenolic acids, namely hydroxybenzoic and p-coumaroyloquinic acids.

2015 December 15, “The Impact of Ozone Treatment in Dynamic Bed Parameters on Changes in Biologically Active Substances of Juniper Berries”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The flavone methylluteolin


flaviolin

The preparation of flaviolin was conducted according to protocol of Gross et al.

2015 December 15, “Diversity of ABBA Prenyltransferases in Marine Streptomyces sp. CNQ-509: Promiscuous Enzymes for the Biosynthesis of Mixed Terpenoid Compounds”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The naphthoquinone derivative 4,5,7-trihydroxynaphthalene-1,2-dione


marinophenazine

Contrary to our expectations, none of these molecules was accepted by the enzyme, providing no support for the hypothesis that CnqP1 is responsible for the prenylation reaction in marinophenazine biosynthesis.

(organic chemistry) Any of a certain class of cytotoxic prenylated phenazine derivatives


FIG. 17 illustrates a potential synthetic pathway for the synthesis of triisopropylsilyloxycarbonylleucomethylene blue. FIG. 18 illustrates the cyan reflectance density of optically readable storage media coated with triisopropylsilyloxycarbonylleucomethylene blue as a function of time in the presence 1,4-diazabicyclo[2,2,2]octane.

2005, Robert F. Thompson, Neil Exter, Yannis Bakos, Richard A. Minns, Larry Takiff, Limited play optical devices with interstitial reactive layer and methods of making same (patent: US 6960382 B2)

(organic chemistry) A blue dye formed by the reaction of leucomethylene blue with triisopropylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate.


isooctyl

(organic chemistry) Any of several octyl isomers that have a sidechain, but especially 6-methyl-heptyl


phosphoglycan

(organic chemistry) Any glycan that is associated with a phospholipid


diisooctyl

The settings for electrospray ionization were as follows: oven temperature of 300°C, sheath gas of 8 arb. units and source voltage of 1.5 kV. The acquired data were internally calibrated with diisooctyl phthalate as a contaminant in methanol (m/z 391.2843).

2015 December 17, “Non-Catalyzed Click Reactions of ADIBO Derivatives with 5-Methyluridine Azides and Conformational Study of the Resulting Triazoles”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Two isooctyl groups in a molecule


hemithioacetal

Two diastereoisomers of each adduct are observed due to the formation of a stereogenic hemithioacetal group.

2015 December 17, “Studies on the Glutathione-Dependent Formaldehyde-Activating Enzyme from Paracoccus denitrificans”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of compounds of general formula R₂C(OH)SR' (where R' is not H).


rhabduscin

The natural product rhabduscin, produced by several Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus strains, was recently shown to inhibit the insect Phenol-Oxidase (PO) cascade [30 ].

2015 December 18, “From Insect to Man: Photorhabdus Sheds Light on the Emergence of Human Pathogenicity”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) An amidoglycosyl- and vinyl-isonitrile tyrosine derivative that is a perimeter defense molecule in entomopathogenic bacteria


anthranol

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of anthraquinone derivatives, commonly found in aloes.


bouvardin

(organic chemistry) A cyclic hexapeptide, isolated from Bouvardia ternifolia, that has anticancer properties


deoxybouvardin

In 1977, bouvardin and deoxybouvardin (RA-V), the first two RAs, were isolated from Bouvardia ternifolia (Rubiaceae) with potential antitumor activities [3 ].

2015 December 23, “Rubipodanin A, the First Natural N -Desmonomethyl Rubiaceae-Type Cyclopeptide from Rubia podantha, Indicating an Important Role of the N 9 -Methyl Group in the Conformation and Bioactivity”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) A form of bouvardin that lacks a single hydroxy group


hemicyanine

This study uses di-4-ANE(F)PPTEA, a hemicyanine class dye, that embeds itself in the cellular membranes of hiPS-CM and exhibits a proportional increase in fluorescence intensity as the voltage across the membrane increases.

2015 December 23, “Supervised Machine Learning for Classification of the Electrophysiological Effects of Chronotropic Drugs on Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of dyes having two aromatic groups linked by an ethylene group


papiliochrome

en-noun

papiliochrome (countable and uncountable, plural papiliochromes)

Much of the pigment-based coloration in invertebrates results from products of the melanin, ommochrome, pteridine, papiliochrome and heme synthesis pathways.

2015 December 23, “Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of the Pacific Oyster Crassostrea gigas Characterized by Shell Colors: Identification of Genetic Bases Potentially Involved in Pigmentation”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Any of a group of yellow pigments found in the wings of papilionid butterflies


chlorothiophene

Concerning the two major fragments of m/z 231.2 and 145.1 from the single-charged rivaroxaban ion (m/z 436.1), it was suggested that these fragments were obtained by cleavage of the oxazolidinone and the chlorothiophene amide moiety, respectively [23 ].

2015 December 24, “UPLC-MRM Mass Spectrometry Method for Measurement of the Coagulation Inhibitors Dabigatran and Rivaroxaban in Human Plasma and Its Comparison with Functional Assays”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Any of several chloro- derivatives of thiophene, but especially 2-chlorothiophene and 3-chlorothiophene that are used in the synthesis of heterocycles


dansylation

The completion of acetylation and dansylation reactions was monitored by reversed phase (RP) C18 analytical HPLC and mass spectroscopy (MS).

2015 December 24, “Resolution of Two Sub-Populations of Conformers and Their Individual Dynamics by Time Resolved Ensemble Level FRET Measurements”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Modification by the addition of a dansyl group


leonurine

Pre-treatment with leonurine could protect brain tissue against ischemic injury by increasing UCP4 expression.

2016 March 3, “Effects of UCP4 on the Proliferation and Apoptosis of Chondrocytes: Its Possible Involvement and Regulation in Osteoarthritis”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) An alkaloid found in various Leonotis species.


viridofulvin

Other pharmacologically unrelated medications that happen to include the word part vir, such as virginiamycin and viridofulvin, may be misinterpreted as antivirals.

2015 December 24, “Patient Safety in Medication Nomenclature: Orthographic and Semantic Properties of International Nonproprietary Names”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The polyhydroxy polyunsaturated macrocyclic ketone 16,18,20,22,24,26,28,30,32-nonahydroxy-17,35-dimethyl-1-oxacyclohexatriaconta-3,5,7,9,11,13,33-heptaen-2-one.


psilostachyin

Psilostachyin and psilostachyin C, two sesquiterpene lactones isolated from Ambrosia spp., have been demonstrated to have trypanocidal activity.

2016 March 4, “Mode of Action of the Sesquiterpene Lactones Psilostachyin and Psilostachyin C on Trypanosoma cruzi”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Any of a group of bioactive isolates of Ambrosia psilostachya.


tridecylic

The most prevalent fatty acids were tridecylic acid (C13:0), palmitic acid (C16:0), stearic acid (C18:0), oleic acid (C18:1n9c), and linoleic acid (C18:2 n6c).

2015 December 24, “Feed Conversion, Survival and Development, and Composition of Four Insect Species on Diets Composed of Food By-Products”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Relating to the fatty acid that has 13 carbon atoms


Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley reduction

Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley reduction (plural Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley reductions)

Discovered by Hans Meerwein and Rudolf Schmidt, and separately by A. Verley, in 1925. Ponndorf applied the reaction to ketones and upgraded the catalyst.

(organic chemistry) The reduction of ketones and aldehydes to their corresponding alcohols, using aluminium alkoxide catalysis in the presence of a sacrificial alcohol.

Hans Meerwein
Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley reduction


thiopanic acid

(dated, organic chemistry) pantoyltaurine


hexaacylated

Native lipid A is hexaacylated and bisphosphorylated, it can efficiently activate TLR4/MD-2 to induce leukocyte activation, cytokine production, and inflammation.

2015 December 29, “Immuno-Stimulatory Activity of Escherichia coli Mutants Producing Kdo 2 -Monophosphoryl-Lipid A or Kdo 2 -Pentaacyl-Monophosphoryl-Lipid A”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Modified by the addition of six acyl groups


degree of polymerization

degree of polymerization (plural degrees of polymerization)

(organic chemistry) The number of monomeric units in a macromolecule or polymer or oligomer molecule.


podand

(organic chemistry) Any open-chain equivalent of a crown ether, i.e. a compound having one or more -O-CH₂-CH₂-O- group


dipodand

(organic chemistry) Any open-chain equivalent of a crown ether that has a -O-CH₂-CH₂-O-CH₂-CH₂-O- group


interflavan

Proanthocyanidins (PACs) in cranberry are predominantly found in oligomeric forms (up to 13 monomeric units) with at least one A-type double interflavan linkage [epicatechin-(4β→8, 2β→O→7)-epicatechin] between the lower or lowest two units of the oligomer.

2015 December 30, “Cranberry Flavonoids Modulate Cariogenic Properties of Mixed-Species Biofilm through Exopolysaccharides-Matrix Disruption”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Between flavan groups.


tampicin

From Tampico (“Mexcian port, source of Tampico jalap”) + -in.

suffix

(archaic, organic chemistry) A resin from Ipomoea simulans, found in Tampico jalap, laxative in small doses, purgative in large ones.


organosulfate

(organic chemistry) Any organic sulfate ester


alantolactone

(organic chemistry) The sesquiterpene lactone 3aR,5S,8aR,9aR-3a,5,6,7,8,8a,9,9a-octahydro-5,8a-dimethyl-3-methylene-naphtho[2,3-b]furan-2(3H)-one which inhibits proliferation of cancer cells


isoalantolactone

In this study, the mechanism of action of isoalantolactone as well as its radiosensitizing effect was investigated in UMSCC-10A cells.

2015 December 31, “Isoalantolactone Enhances the Radiosensitivity of UMSCC-10A Cells via Specific Inhibition of Erk1/2 Phosphorylation”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The isomer of alantolactone (3aR,4aS,8aR,9aR)-8a-methyl-3,5-dimethylidene-3a,4,4a,6,7,8,9,9a-octahydrobenzo[f][1]benzofuran-2-one


cypripedin

(organic chemistry) A precipitate from the tincture of Cypripedium parviflorum var. pubescens, employed in treating neuralgia and hysteria.


sceptrumgenin

(organic chemistry) A steroidal sapogenin obtained from Isoflexis sceptrum.


pilocereine

(organic chemistry) The trimer of lophocereine.


lophocereine

(organic chemistry) A toxic glycoside found in the cactus Lophocereus schottii.


shatavarin

Asparagus racemosus
Asparagus racemosus#Translingual

(organic chemistry) Any of a group of steroidal saponins found in Asparagus racemosus.


homoplantaginin

For SPF extract, its major flavones were homoplantaginin, nepetin-7-glucoside and luteolin-7-glucoside and it didn’t contain polysaccharide.

2016 January 6, “Assessment of a Flavone-Polysaccharide Based Prescription for Treating Duck Virus Hepatitis”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) A hispidulin glucoside that ameliorates endothelial insulin resistance


nigrescigenin

(organic chemistry) A cardenolide found in Cryptolepis nigrescens.


nogiragenin

(organic chemistry) A sapogenin found in Metanarthecium luteo-viride.


tetramate

From tetramic acid + -ate (“salt or ester”).

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of tetramic acid.


phebalosin

(organic chemistry) A coumarin found in Phebalium species.


obtusin

(organic chemistry) A bromine-containing polycyclic ketal found in the marine alga Laurencia obtusa.


murrangatin

Shortened form of Murraya elongata + -in.

(organic chemistry) A coumarin found in Murraya intermedia (syn. Murraya elongata).


thamnosin

(organic chemistry) A dimeric coumarin isolated from Thamnosma montana, the turpentine broom.


micromelin

(organic chemistry) A coumarin found in Micromelum minutum.


myristoleate

From myristoleic acid + -ate (“salt or ester”).

af

Of these, seven were unsaturated fatty acid derivatives (methyl oleate, methyl (Z)-9-hexadecenoate, methyl linoleate, methyl (Z)-9-octadecenoate, methyl octadecanoate, methyl (Z,Z)-9,12-octadecadienoate and methyl myristoleate), while the remaining three were saturated fatty acid derivatives (Fig 3 ; Table 1 ).

2016 January 6, “Aflatoxin Contamination Detected in Nutrient and Anti-Oxidant Rich Edible Stink Bug Stored in Recycled Grain Containers”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of myristoleic acid.


transphosphatidylation

Thirty micrograms of total protein were added to the transphosphatidylation reaction mixture present at final concentrations of 100 mM MES (pH 6.5), 25 mM CaCl 2, 0.5 mM SDS, 1% (v/v) ethanol, and 2 mM phosphatidylcholine (PC; from egg yolk), in a total volume of 150 μL. The mixture was placed in a water bath at 30°C and shaken at 100 rpm for 30 min.

2016 January 6, “Methanol-Promoted Lipid Remodelling during Cooling Sustains Cryopreservation Survival of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Any reaction in which a phosphatidyl group is transferred from one molecule to another


heterobonded

In this chemical reaction, CH 4 is readily formed from the S-CH 3 groups of organosulfur compounds in a model system containing iron(II/III), H 2 O 2 and ascorbate that uses organic compounds with heterobonded CH 3 groups for CH 4 generation under ambient (1,000 mbar and 22°C) and aerobic (21% O 2 ) conditions.

2016 January 8, “Inhaled Methane Limits the Mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain Dysfunction during Experimental Liver Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) bonded via a heteroatom


lysophosphatidylglycerol

Recombinant plant and mouse CGI-58 both lack acyltransferase activity towards either lysophosphatidylglycerol or lysophosphatidic acid to form phosphatidylglycerol or phosphatidic acid and recombinant plant CGI-58 does not catalyze TAG or phospholipid hydrolysis.

2016 January 9, “Reassessing the Potential Activities of Plant CGI-58 Protein”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Any lysophospholipid in which the small organic molecule is glycerol


monobutyl

DBP and its major metabolite, monobutyl phthalate (MBP), are commonly detected in a variety of biological samples [7 ].

2016 January 9, “Vimentin-Mediated Steroidogenesis Induced by Phthalate Esters: Involvement of DNA Demethylation and Nuclear Factor κB”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry, in combination) A single butyl group in a molecule


oleanitrile

Whereas, the contents of piperidine, oxalate, octadecanoate, urea, carbamate, ethane and oleanitrile decreased 0.2-fold, 0.3-fold, 0.5-fold, 0.02-fold, 0.009-fold, 0.3-fold and 0.15-fold, correspondingly.

2016 January 12, “Metabolic Analysis of Medicinal Dendrobium officinale and Dendrobium huoshanense during Different Growth Years”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The nitrile formally derived from oleic acid by replacement of the -COOH group by -CN


tetraketide

In addition, the hydroxylated alkylpyrones generated by sequential actions of acyl-CoA synthetase, anther-specific chalcone synthase-like enzyme (ASCL) and tetraketide α-pyrone reductase are either direct sporopollenin monomers or incorporated into sporopollenin after further modifications.

2016 January 12, “PpASCL, the Physcomitrella patens Anther-Specific Chalcone Synthase-Like Enzyme Implicated in Sporopollenin Biosynthesis, Is Needed for Integrity of the Moss Spore Wall and Spore Viability”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Any compound containing four ketide groups


vesamicol

Because synapse loss and dysfunction occur before fibrillary tau tangles emerge in the tauopathy mouse AD model[20 ], VAChT may be used as a possible in vivo target for diagnoses of AD. It has been shown that vesamicol (2-(4-phenylpiperidino) cyclohexanol) binds to the ACh transporter on presynaptic acetylcholine storage vesicles and inhibits ACh uptake into the vesicle[21 ,22 ].

2016 January 12, “In Vivo Differences between Two Optical Isomers of Radioiodinated o -iodo- trans -decalinvesamicol for Use as a Radioligand for the Vesicular Acetylcholine Transporter”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry, medicine) The drug 2-(4-phenyl-1-piperidyl)cyclohexan-1-ol that inhibits acetylcholine


paraffinic acid

(organic chemistry, archaic) The organic compound with chemical formula C₂₄H₄₈O₂.


solanesol

(organic chemistry) An unsaturated polyisoprenoid alcohol found in tobacco.


glycoligand

(organic chemistry) Any ligand formed from a sugar moiety


genipocyanin

In addition, in the presence of an equimolar amount of glycine, GNP can dimerize to generate genipocyanin G1, which is a blue-pigmented, highly conjugated dimeric adduct with the ability to cross-link proteins.

2016 January 16, “The Hydroxyl at Position C1 of Genipin Is the Active Inhibitory Group that Affects Mitochondrial Uncoupling Protein 2 in Panc-1 Cells”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) A blue pigment formed by the reaction of genipin and glycine


isolaulimalide

A previous study demonstrated that, in addition to latrunculin A, laulimides (laulimalide and isolaulimalide) were also found in Chromodoris lochi [10 ], while puupehenone was been isolated from C.

2016 January 21, “Choose Your Weaponry: Selective Storage of a Single Toxic Compound, Latrunculin A, by Closely Related Nudibranch Molluscs”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) An isomer of laulimalide


aplysulphurin

For comparison with other nudibranchs from the family Chromodorididae, but not found in this genus, we also purified the compound aplysulphurin ( 8 ), a major compound found in Goniobranchus splendidus [43 ].

(organic chemistry) The benzopyran derivative (2S,6R,8aS)-6-methyl-7-oxo-5-[(1S)-1,3,3-trimethylcyclohexyl]-2,6,7,8a-tetrahydrofuro[4,3,2-ij]isochromen-2-yl acetate found in a sea slug of the genus Goniobranchus


thiocysteine

One of the most abundant R-SSH, thiocysteine (L-cysteine persulfide; CysSSH) is synthesized from cystine in the reaction catalyzed by cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) and cystathionine γ-lyase (γ-cystathionase; CSE) [23 ] (S1A Fig ).

2016 January 26, “Cysteine Metabolism and Oxidative Processes in the Rat Liver and Kidney after Acute and Repeated Cocaine Treatment”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) A persulfide of cysteine


pellotine

(organic chemistry) An alkaloid from the cactus Lophophora diffusa, formerly used as a soporific drug.


beta-naphthol

(organic chemistry) A fluorescent crystalline solid with the chemical formula C₁₀H₇OH, used as an intermediate in the production of dyes and other compounds.


anhalamine

Lophophora williamsii
Lophophora williamsii#Translingual

(organic chemistry) A bioactive isolate of Lophophora williamsii.


PUFA

polyunsaturated fatty acid
polyunsaturated fatty acid#English

(organic chemistry) Initialism of polyunsaturated fatty acid.


dibutyl phthalate

en-noun

dibutyl phthalate (countable and uncountable, plural dibutyl phthalates)

(organic chemistry) The organic compound with chemical formula C₁₆H₂₂O₄, used as a plasticizer and ectoparasiticide.


thialysine

These substances were L-arginine hydroxamate, miltefosine, D,L—serine hydroxamate, D- serine, glycine hydrochloride, sodium caprylate, blasticidin hydrochloride, thioridazine hydrochloride, 6-azuracil, thialysine, malic acid, tartaric acid, 5-fluorocytosine, chloroquine, cinnamic acid and 5-fluorouracil.

2016 January 28, “Comparison of Chemical Sensitivity of Fresh and Long-Stored Heat Resistant Neosartorya fischeri Environmental Isolates Using BIOLOG Phenotype MicroArray System”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) A toxic analog of the amino acid lysine, S-aminoethyl-L-cysteine


glycerophosphorylation

Since we were unable to assign the mass of this neutral loss to any part of the glycerophosphorylation, it is possible that this unusual modification has a different chemical nature.

2016 January 29, “Histone H1 Variants in Arabidopsis Are Subject to Numerous Post-Translational Modifications, Both Conserved and Previously Unknown in Histones, Suggesting Complex Functions of H1 in Plants”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

glycerophosphoric acid
glycerophosphoric acid

(organic chemistry) phosphorylation with a glycerophosphoric acid (or derivative)


propionylate

en-verb

propionylate (third-person singular simple present propionylates, present participle propionylating, simple past and past participle propionylated)

propionylates (present singular third-person)
propionylating (participle present)
propionylated (participle past)
propionylated (past)

From propionyl + -ate (verb-forming suffix).

(organic chemistry) To react with propionic acid or one of its derivatives; to introduce one or more propionyl groups into a substance.


propionylation

While the majority of modifications detected in Arabidopsis H1s, including phosphorylation, acetylation, mono- and dimethylation, formylation, crotonylation and propionylation, have also been reported in H1s of other species, some others have not been previously identified in histones.

(organic chemistry) The reaction of a substance with propionic acid or one of its derivatives; the introduction of one or more propionyl groups into a substance


biurate

(biochemistry, organic chemistry) A urate containing twice as much of the uric acid constituent as an ordinary urate.


borine

(inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry) A compound of one atom of boron and three atoms or molecules of a univalent radical

(organic chemistry) An unsaturated heterocycle that has five carbon atoms, one boron atom and two double bonds


methoximate

methoximate (third-person singular simple present methoximates, present participle methoximating, simple past and past participle methoximated)

methoximates (present singular third-person)
methoximating (participle present)
methoximated (participle past)
methoximated (past)

(organic chemistry) To react with a methoxyamine compound


sulfoform

(organic chemistry) Any sulfated epitope of α-glucosamine


galactoglycerolipid

As the organism enters the TAG accumulation phase, transcripts representing the final biosynthesis steps for TAG and the galactoglycerolipid lipases are up-regulated.

2016 February 4, “Use of De Novo Transcriptome Libraries to Characterize a Novel Oleaginous Marine Chlorella Species during the Accumulation of Triacylglycerols”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Any glycolipid having a glycerol and a galactose moiety


mevaldic acid

(organic chemistry) The hydroxy acid 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-5-oxopentanoic acid


prostamide

(organic chemistry) The ethanolamide of a prostaglandin


rhamnosylation

Consequently, since the enzymatic catalytic site may have one or more pockets for substrate binding, and may generally be suitable for drug design and development (i.e., druggable), the rhamnosylation enzyme EarP(Nm) is an attractive target for antibiotic drug development toward the treatment of meningitis.

2016 February 4, “Neisseria meningitidis Translation Elongation Factor P and Its Active-Site Arginine Residue Are Essential for Cell Viability”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Any reaction that forms a rhamnoside


arginylation

More precisely, this work scrutinizes the relevance of the tRNA nucleotides at position 20, 35 and 36 in the yeast arginylation reaction.

2016 February 5, “The Enzymatic Paradox of Yeast Arginyl-tRNA Synthetase: Exclusive Arginine Transfer Controlled by a Flexible Mechanism of tRNA Recognition”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The addition of an arginyl group to a compound.


bromoacetylated

Briefly, bromoacetic acid activated by diisopropylcarbodiimide is used to form a bromoacetylated intermediate on a terminal secondary amine group.

2016 February 6, “In Vivo, In Vitro, and In Silico Characterization of Peptoids as Antimicrobial Agents”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) That has been reacted with bromoacetic acid (or one of its derivatives)


dealanylation

Accordingly, it is likely that endosomal dealanylation takes place in the endosome giving rise to TLR stimulation and induction of Ifn-β expression and in turn, IL-12 induction.

2016 February 13, “D-Alanylation of Teichoic Acids and Loss of Poly-N-Acetyl Glucosamine in Staphylococcus aureus during Exponential Growth Phase Enhance IL-12 Production in Murine Dendritic Cells”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The removal of an alanyl group from a molecule


alafenamide

Based on the results of this study, it is reasonable for HIV clinics to consider including more formal evaluation of tubular damage in routine monitoring urinalyses for patients on TDF. Given ongoing concerns regarding potential nephrotoxicity of TDF and the need for continued nucleotide reverse transcription inhibitors in the backbone of cART regimens, tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (TAF), a new TFV prodrug, was recently FDA approved.

2016 February 13, “Is Abnormal Urine Protein/Osmolality Ratio Associated with Abnormal Renal Function in Patients Receiving Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate?”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) A particular derivative of 6-aminopurine


oxazolinium

GH3 GlcNAcases catalyse the hydrolytic reaction through a standard ‘retaining’ mechanism involving a covalent glycosyl-enzyme intermediate [14 ,15 ], while GH20 and GH84 GlcNAcases hydrolyse chitooligosaccharides through a ‘substrate-assisted’ mechanism involving the transient formation of an oxazolinium ion intermediate [16 –18 ].

2016 February 13, “Probing the Catalytic Mechanism of Vibrio harveyi GH20 ?-N -Acetylglucosaminidase by Chemical Rescue”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Any cation derived from an oxazole


transpolyisoprene

en-noun

transpolyisoprene (countable and uncountable, plural transpolyisoprenes)

CCC can increase the relative content of ABA by inhibiting the biosynthesis of GA. DCPTA induces carotenoid accumulation and both cis-polyisoprene in guayule and transpolyisoprene in Eucommia ulmoides, Oliv.

2016 February 13, “Mixed Compound of DCPTA and CCC Increases Maize Yield by Improving Plant Morphology and Up-Regulating Photosynthetic Capacity and Antioxidants”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) A trans isomer of polyisoprene


elgonica

We found that the major compounds in the solution were aloin A and aloin B. In addition, 10-hydroxy aloin and elgonica dimers were detected in smaller amounts.

2016 February 17, “The Inhibitory Effect of Natural Products on Protein Fibrillation May Be Caused by Degradation Products – A Study Using Aloin and Insulin”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) A particular anthraquinone found in certain aloes, normally as a dimer.


cuprene

(organic chemistry) A poorly characterised polymer of acetylene


chamigrene

chamigrene (countable and uncountable, plural chamigrenes)

There are no reports of a TPS producing chamigrene as the sole sesquiterpene.

2016 February 18, “Rapid Discovery and Functional Characterization of Terpene Synthases from Four Endophytic Xylariaceae”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The sesquiterpene (R)-11-methylene-3,7,7-trimethylspiro[5.5]undec-2-ene


cuprenyl

Reionization of the ciscoid conformation of NPP and subsequent intramolecular electrophilic attack would form a bisabolyl cation, which followed by a secondary intramolecular electrophilic attack and 1,4-hydride shift, would create a cuprenyl cation.

(organic chemistry) A univalent radical or cation derived from cuprene


chamigrenyl

A subsequent methylene migration would yield the chamigrenyl cation which could undergo a direct proton abstraction to form β-chamigrene.

(organic chemistry) A univalent radical or cation derived from chamigrene


isoledene

All the major terpenes (pinene, limonene, caryophyllene, chamigrene, gurjunene, selinene, and isoledene) produced from the functional TPSs were detected in the VOC profiles of the four endophytes grown on potato dextrose.

(organic chemistry) The sesquiterpene (1aR,4R,7R,7bS)-1,1,4,7-tetramethyl-1a,2,3,4,5,6,7,7b-octahydrocyclopropa[e]azulene


phosphohistidine

Unambiguous electron density for a vanadate ion covalently bound to His11 (numbering according to PDB_ID: 4PZ9) mimicking the phosphohistidine intermediate and acetate ion was observed.

2016 February 19, “Prediction of Certain Well-Characterized Domains of Known Functions within the PE and PPE Proteins of Mycobacteria”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Either of two N-phosphate derivatives of histidine (in which N-H is replaced by N-PO₃H)


skyllamycin

The cytochrome P450 encoded (sky32) is associated with the skyllamycin biosynthesis gene cluster.

(organic chemistry) Either of a pair of cyclodepsipeptides that are produced by bacteria and fungi and are pharmaceutically used as antibacterials, immunosuppressives, cytostatics and antihelmintics.


schottenol

(organic chemistry) A sterol found in the cactus Pachycereus schottii.


arabinoflavin

The absence of any positive and negative mFo-DFc electron density peaks at 3/-3 sigma levels close to C2’ carbon of arabinoflavin (a-FAD) molecules in all eight AOX1 subunits indicates high occupancy of the modified FAD present in the crystallized protein.

2016 February 24, “Crystal Structure of Alcohol Oxidase from Pichia pastoris”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) A flavin, similar to riboflavin but with an arabinose moiety instead of a ribose one


sonchifolin

(organic chemistry) A particular melampolide.


uvedalin

(organic chemistry) A particular melampolide found in Polymnia uvedalia.


melampolide

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of organic compounds found in Melampodium and related plants.


polymatin

(organic chemistry) Any of a group of melampolides found in Polymnia species.


longipin

(organic chemistry) A particular melampolide found in Melampodium longipes.


methyllycaconitine

Moreover, the transfection of Het-1A cells with siRNA-α7 or inhibition of the α7-nAChRs with selective antagonist methyllycaconitine has resulted in the disappearance of the effects induced by this SLURP-1 analogue [13 ].

2016 February 24, “Human Secreted Ly-6/uPAR Related Protein-1 (SLURP-1) Is a Selective Allosteric Antagonist of ?7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) A particular toxic diterpenoid alkaloid found in many species of Delphinium (larkspurs).


elephantin

(organic chemistry) A sesquiterpenoid tumor inhibitor found in Elephantopus elatus.


eupahyssopin

(organic chemistry) A sesquiterpene lactone found in Eupatorium hyssopifolium.


vernolepin

(organic chemistry) A sesquiterpene lactone isolated from the dried fruit of Vernonia amygdalina, with platelet antiaggregating properties.


molephantin

(organic chemistry) A sesquiterpene lactone found in Elephantopus mollis.


deoxyelephantopin

(organic chemistry) A sesquiterpene lactone found in Elephantopus carolinianus.


elephantopin

(organic chemistry) A sesquiterpene lactone found in Elephantopus elatus.


isopentenyladenine

(organic chemistry) A particular cytokinin.


DHZ

(organic chemistry) Abbreviation of dihydrozeatin.


benzyladenine

benzyladenine (countable and uncountable, plural benzyladenines)

(organic chemistry) 6-benzylaminopurine, a synthetic cytokinin.


nordentatin

(organic chemistry) A pyranocoumarin with chemical formula C₁₉H₂₀O₄.


complexone

(organic chemistry) A substance that aids in forming coordination complexes, especially a potent chelating ligand such as EDTA, EGTA, or iminodiacetic acid.


Wenker synthesis

Wenker synthesis (countable and uncountable, plural Wenker syntheses)

(organic chemistry) An organic reaction converting a beta amino alcohol to an aziridine with the aid of sulfuric acid.


fenuron

1965, Edwin A. Davis, The Mechanism of Fenuron Injury to Plants, US Department of Agriculture, US Forest Service Research Note RM-50,
Root growth inhibition by 25 p.p.m. fenuron began before shoots emerged and, therefore, before the appearance of visible damage to the leaves. Although root growth was retarded by 25 p.p.m. fenuron, the roots continued to grow for 24 days after the appearance of leaf injury and while the injury increased in severity, which means that leaf injury occurred before the energy supply of the seedlings was exhausted.

High rates of a commercial product containing a mixture of chlorpropham and fenuron were also included in order to ascertain at what level above the recommended rate serious damage would occur.

1970, Experimental Horticulture, Volumes 21-26, page 32:

(organic chemistry) The herbicide 3-phenyl-1,1-dimethylurea.


imido-

(organic chemistry) Of or pertaining to an imide.


EGTA

ethylene glycoltetraacetic acid
ethylene glycoltetraacetic acid#English

(organic chemistry) Initialism of ethylene glycoltetraacetic acid.


heliangolide

(organic chemistry) Any of a subgroup of germacranolides associated with the plant genus Helianthus.


lactucopicrin

(organic chemistry) A sesquiterpene lactone with sedative and analgesic effects, found in lactucarium.


oleagenin

(organic chemistry) The aglycone of various oleasides.


periplogenin

(organic chemistry) A cardenolide isolated from bael leaves.


koenimbidine

Murraya koenigii
Murraya koenigii#Translingual

(organic chemistry) A particular organic compound found in the leaves of the curry tree (Murraya koenigii).


nodakenin

(organic chemistry) The glycoside of nodakenetin.


demethylsuberosin

(organic chemistry) The coumarin 6-prenyl-7-hydroxycoumarin.


citropten

(organic chemistry) A coumarin, 5,7-dimethoxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one found in oil of yellow citron.


mexolide

Murraya paniculata
Murraya paniculata#Translingual

(organic chemistry) A coumarin isolated from Murraya paniculata (syn. Murraya exotica).


girinimbine

(organic chemistry) A carbazole found in certain Murraya species.


murrayone

(organic chemistry) A coumarin found in Murraya paniculata.


coumurrayin

(organic chemistry) A coumarin found in the fruit of Murraya paniculata.


ostruthin

(organic chemistry) An organic compound found in the masterwort (Imperatoria ostruthium).


toddaculin

(organic chemistry) A coumarin found in Toddalia asiatica.


myoctonine

Aconitum lycoctonum
Aconitum lycoctonum#Translingual

(organic chemistry) A highly poisonous alkaloid from the plant Aconitum lycoctonum, resembling curare in its action.


ajacine

(organic chemistry) An alkaloid found in various Delphinium species.


lycaconitine

(organic chemistry) An alkaloid obtained from the roots of Aconitum lycoctonum.


myristicol

(organic chemistry, archaic) An oily substance extracted from oil of nutmeg.


muawine

(archaic, organic chemistry) A poisonous alkaloid obtained from the bark of the muawi, a tree of Mozambique.


micropubescin

Shortened form of Micromelum pubescens, with suffix -in.

(organic chemistry) A coumarin found in Micromelum pubescens.


desethylsimazine

We have identified an s-triazine hydrolase that catalyzes both the dechlorination and deamination reactions of diamino-s-triazines such as desethylsimazine and desethylatrazine [105 ] in all the strains of the P.

2016 February 26, “Genomic and Genetic Diversity within the Pseudomonas fluorescens Complex”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The heterocyclic diamine 6-chloro-2-N-ethyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine


heptadienal

heptadienal (countable and uncountable, plural heptadienals)

Our findings revealed that the expression levels of a large number of genes were modulated by the PUAs decadienal, heptadienal and octadienal.

2016 February 26, “Toxic Diatom Aldehydes Affect Defence Gene Networks in Sea Urchins”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Any aliphatic aldehyde having seven carbon atoms and two double bonds, but especially 2,4-heptadienal.


isodaucene

GC analysis with electroantennographic detection indicated that the oil constituents n-decanol, 2-undecanone, undecanal, dodecanal, trans-caryophyllene, (E)-β-farnesene, α-humulene, n-dodecanol, isodaucene and dodecanoic acid were able to trigger antennal depolarization in Ae.

2016 March 1, “Evaluation of the Activity of the Essential Oil from an Ornamental Flower against Aedes aegypti : Electrophysiology, Molecular Dynamics and Behavioral Assays”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The sesquiterpene (8aS)-6,8a-dimethyl-3-prop-1-en-2-yl-2,3,3a,4,5,8-hexahydro-1H-azulene


adynerigenin

(organic chemistry) A glycoside with cardiac activity, found in oleander.


benzoxaborole

In a recent study, benzoxaborole analog, a boron-containing compound, has been reported to affect (inhibit) the TLR-mediated response, supporting our speculation concerning the involvement of TLR pathway in manifestation of the effect of boron [35 ].

2016 March 3, “Boron Induces Lymphocyte Proliferation and Modulates the Priming Effects of Lipopolysaccharide on Macrophages”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Any bicyclic organic heterocycle having a structure in which the nitrogen of a benzoxazole has been replaced by boron


maltosyl

(organic chemistry) A univalent radical derived from maltose


deesterify

en-verb

deesterify (third-person singular simple present deesterifies, present participle deesterifying, simple past and past participle deesterified)

deesterifies (present singular third-person)
deesterifying (participle present)
deesterified (participle past)
deesterified (past)

(organic chemistry) To remove ester linkages, typically by hydrolysis


heptadecyl

(organic chemistry) Any of very many isomeric univalent hydrocarbon radicals, C₁₇H₃₅, formally derived from heptadecane by the loss of a hydrogen atom.


heptadecylic

The FAMEs were then resuspended in 0.5 ml hexane for GC-MS analysis. 100 μg of heptadecylic acid (17:0, Sigma-Aldrich, USA) was added to each sample prior to the FAME extraction as an internal standard.

2016 March 4, “Characterization of the Fatty Acid Desaturase Genes in Cucumber: Structure, Phylogeny, and Expression Patterns”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Relating to the heptadecyl radical


hordatine

Bottom: Mass spectrum with indicated peaks of hydroxycinnamic acid amides as hordatine precursors (m/z 250–350) and of hordatine A, B, C, and D (D not detected, grey font), hydroxylated hordatines (-OH), and hexose-modified derivates (Hex / 2 Hex) at m/z 550–1000.

2016 March 4, “Spatio-Temporal Metabolite Profiling of the Barley Germination Process by MALDI MS Imaging”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of benzofuran glucopyranosides found in ungerminated barley


mevalolactone

Compounds that were negatively correlated with fatty acid odor were mevalolactone, quinic acid, 2-oxoglutaric acid, N,N-dimethylhistidine, and pyruvic acid (Table 3 ).

2016 March 4, “Different Polar Metabolites and Protein Profiles between High- and Low-Quality Japanese Ginjo Sake”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The lactone of mevalonic acid


thioguanosine

Several drug classes which are listed top on the list include topoisomerase inhibitors (camptothecin, ellipticine, doxorubicin, etoposide, thioguanine, thioguanosine), multiple histone deacetylase inhibitors (trichostatin A, vorinostat, 5162773, 5186223), PARP inhibitors (1,5-isoquinolinediol, 3-aminobenzamide, phenanthridinone), proteasome inhibitors (MG132, 1,4 chrysenequinone) and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) inhibitors (alsterpaullone, 02974170002B, GW-8510).

2016 March 4, “PI-3K Inhibitors Preferentially Target CD15+ Cancer Stem Cell Population in SHH Driven Medulloblastoma”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The compound 2-amino-6-mercapto-9-(b-D-ribofuranosyl)purine formally derived from guanosine by replacing the guanine by thioguanine


typaspidoside

Comparison of the NMR data of 6 with those of 5, the structure of 6 was elucidated as 26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(25S)-furost-5-en-3β,22α,26-triol-7- one-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-galactopyranoside, named typaspidoside G. Compound 7 was isolated as a white amorphous powder.

2016 March 4, “Steroidal Saponins from the Rhizomes of Aspidistra typica”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Any of a group of stanol saponins found in aspidistra plants


oxaborole

(organic chemistry) A five-membered heterocycle having three carbon atoms, one oxygen atom, one boron atom and two double bonds; it, and its derivatives, are formally derived from an oxazole by replacing the nitrogen atom with one of boron


androstadienedione

Although there are many microorganisms of different taxa, which are able to convert cholesterol or phytosterols to androstenedione, androstadienedione or other C19-steroids, the efficient microbial conversion of these substrates to pregnenolone has not been described so far.

2015 July 29, Adrian Gerber et al., “Functionalized PHB granules provide the basis for the efficient side-chain cleavage of cholesterol and analogs in recombinant Bacillus megaterium”, in Microbial Cell Factories, volume 14, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The prohormone androsta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione ((8R,9S,10R,13S,14S)-10,13-dimethyl-7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-octahydro-6H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,17-dione)


dimethacrylate

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of different pH solutions on the solubility and wear resistance of Silorane and dimethacrylate resin based composite restorative materials.

2015, Tarek A Soliman et al., “In Vitro Solubility and Wear Rates of Silorane and Dimethacrylate Resin Based Composite Restorative Materials under Different pH Conditions”, in Journal of International Oral Health : JIOH, volume 7:

(organic chemistry) Any compound containing two methacrylate groups


hydroxyalkanoic

It accepts coenzyme A thioesters of hydroxyalkanoic acids (HA) as substrates and catalyzes the polymerization of HAs into PHA while simultaneously releasing CoA.

(organic chemistry) Describing alkanoic acids that have one of more hydroxy substituents


salviol

(organic chemistry) An organic compound with chemical formula C₁₀H₁₆, obtained from oil of sage.


COC

(organic chemistry) Initialism of classic organochlorines.


tertiary amyl

(organic chemistry) The univalent organic radical 2-methyl-2-butyl CH₃CH₂(CH₃)₂C-


tertamyl

Six-week-old female mice were anesthetized with an intraperitoneal injection of 2,2,2-trobromoethyl alcohol and tertamyl alcohol, followed by bilateral ovariectomy in sterile conditions.

2015 July 24, Jiangman Gao et al., “Effect of Local Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor on Subcutaneously Allotransplanted Ovarian Tissue in Ovariectomized Mice”, in PLoS ONE, volume 10, →DOI:

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) tertiary amyl


dihydroflavonol

(organic chemistry) Synonym of hydroxyflavanone, especially a 3-hydroxyflavanone


polyhydroxyalkanoic

To exclude a possible unspecific gene deletion that could lead to an absence of PHB production, cells of strain GHH3 were transformed with plasmid pSMF3_RBCP (Additional file 1 : Figure S5), encoding the genes of the PHB-synthesis operon: PHA polymerase subunit phaR, acetoacetyl-CoA reductase phaB, polyhydroxyalkanoic acid inclusion protein phaP and the genomically deleted gene phaC .

(organic chemistry) Describing an alkanoic acid that has multiple hydroxy substituents


hydroxyflavanone

(organic chemistry) Any hydroxy derivative of a flavanone


nitroheterocyclic

For the last 40 years, the nitroheterocyclic compounds benznidazole and nifurtimox have been the only drugs available to treat Chagas disease ( 4, 5 ).

2015 May 26, Amanda Fortes Francisco et al., “Limited Ability of Posaconazole To Cure both Acute and Chronic Trypanosoma cruzi Infections Revealed by Highly Sensitive In Vivo Imaging”, in Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, volume 59, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Describing a heterocyclic compound that contains one or more nitro group


naphthalenediamine

The mixture was reacted with a Griess solution (4% sulfanilamide in 0.3% naphthalenediamine dichloride, NED) for 15 min.

2015 June 30, Thewarid Berkban et al., “Ellagic Acid Prevents L-NAME-Induced Hypertension via Restoration of eNOS and p47phox Expression in Rats”, in Nutrients, volume 7, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Any of several isomeric diamino derivatives of naphthalene


dialkylthiourea

The general prevalence of positive patch test reactions to mixed dialkylthiourea has been reported as high as 2.4% [ 10 ], and the rise in neoprene use within orthopaedics means it is likely that this will become an increasing problem within the specialty.

2015 July 7, S. Hawkey, S. Ghaffar, “Neoprene Orthopaedic Supports: An Underrecognised Cause of Allergic Contact Dermatitis”, in Case Reports in Orthopedics, volume 2015, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Any derivative of thiourea having two alkyl groups


haliclonadiamine

Papuamine and haliclonadiamine isolated from Haliclona sp. were reported as active components [ 12 ].

2015 July 6, Woori Bae et al., “Apoptosis-Inducing Activity of Marine Sponge Haliclona sp. Extracts Collected from Kosrae in Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer A549 Cells”, in Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM, volume 2015, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) An antimicrobial alkaloid found in marine sponges of the genus Haliclona


glycerophosphorylcholine

However, only 1 H-MRS allows non-invasive and non-radioactive measurement of Glu metabolism. 1 H-MRS is a MR technique, that takes advantage of the fact that the resonance frequency of certain molecules reflects their structure and, thereby, their identity. 1 H-MRS allows the absolute quantification of Glx, phosphorylcholine and glycerophosphorylcholine (t-Cho), N-acetylaspartate (NAA), creatine (Cre) and myo-inositol (mI).

2015 August 1, Dominique Endres et al., “Hypoglutamatergic state is associated with reduced cerebral glucose metabolism in anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis: a case report”, in BMC Psychiatry, volume 15, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The glyceryl derivative of phosphorylcholine that combines with fatty acids to form lecithin


thiocyanuric acid

(organic chemistry) The aromatic heterocyclic thiol 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-trithiol


thiocyanuric

[ 148 ] reported a colorimetric method for the determination of mercury ions based on gold nanoparticles and thiocyanuric acid.

2015 July 5, Lakshmi Narayana Suvarapu, Sung-Ok Baek, “Recent Developments in the Speciation and Determination of Mercury Using Various Analytical Techniques”, in Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry, volume 2015, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Of, related to, or derived from thiocyanuric acid


annonacinone

Isolated annonacinone and corossolone elicited an EC 50 dose of 6.72–8.00 and 16.14–18.73 µg/mL against the tested species, respectively [ 53 ].

2015 July 10, Soheil Zorofchian Moghadamtousi et al., “Annona muricata (Annonaceae): A Review of Its Traditional Uses, Isolated Acetogenins and Biological Activities”, in International Journal of Molecular Sciences, volume 16, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) An alkyl derivative of furanone, (2S)-4-[(2R,13R)-2,13-dihydroxy-13-[(5R)-5-[(1R)-1-hydroxytridecyl]oxolan-2-yl]-8-oxotridecyl]-2-methyl-2H-furan-5-one, found in plants of the genus Annona.


annomuricin

Our study was followed by an in vitro bioassay-guided investigation against HT-29 cells, which led to the isolation of annomuricin E.

(organic chemistry) Any of a family of alkyl derivatives of tetrahydrofuran isolated from plants of the genus Annona


corossolone

(organic chemistry) An alkyl derivative of furanone, 4-[13-hydroxy-13-[5-(1-hydroxytridecyl)oxolan-2-yl]-8-oxotridecyl]-2-methyl-2H-furan-5-one, isolated from plants of the genus Annona.


polyethoxylation

They comprise a complex mixture of hydrophobic and hydrophilic molecules produced by a polyethoxylation reaction.

2015 July 29, Sung-Yoon Kang et al., “Intravenous tacrolimus and cyclosporine induced anaphylaxis: what is next?”, in Asia Pacific Allergy, volume 5, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Reaction with multiple instances of ethylene oxide


picolylamine

(organic chemistry) Any amine derived from a picoline by replacing a hydrogen atom (of a methyl group) with an -NH₂ group


picolyl

(organic chemistry) A univalent radical derived from a picoline


transimination

The results showed that reversible transamination and transimination reactions could be carried out orthogonally or connected to provide access to catalyst-controlled dynamic systems with high level of complexities from simple starting materials.

2015 June 3, Fredrik Schaufelberger, Lei Hu, Olof Ramström, “trans-Symmetric Dynamic Covalent Systems: Connected Transamination and Transimination Reactions”, in Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany), volume 21, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Any reaction involving the movement of an imine group


octyloxy

To learn more about this reaction, we investigated the coupling of porphyrin tetramer bearing octyloxy side chains l -P4 C8, as a means to improve the solubility of cyclic byproducts.

2014 August 25, Dmitry V Kondratuk et al., “Vernier-Templated Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Supramolecular Chemistry of a 12-Porphyrin Nanoring”, in Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany), volume 20, →DOI:

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The univalent radical CH₃-(CH₂)₇-O- derived from octanol


thioyl

Notably, the proportion of phosphoryl species 8 b and 9 b compared to thioyl derivatives 8 a and 9 a (P=O vs.

2015 May 26, Piers R J Gaffney et al., “Liquid-Phase Synthesis of 2′-Methyl-RNA on a Homostar Support through Organic-Solvent Nanofiltration”, in Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany), volume 21, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Any univalent radical derived from a thiol


thioetherification

en-noun

thioetherification (countable and uncountable, plural thioetherifications)

Racemisation and isomerisation study of products under the gold(I)-catalysed thioetherification reaction conditions.

2014 July 30, Lorena Herkert et al., “Gold(I)-Catalysed Direct Thioetherifications Using Allylic Alcohols: an Experimental and Computational Study”, in Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany), volume 20, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The formation of a thioether


thioylation

Once chain extension and thioylation were complete, the crude mixture was then diluted with CH 3 CN, and poured directly into the OSN apparatus (see Supporting Information).

(organic chemistry) Any reaction in which a thioyl radical is attached


homosubstituted

NMR spectroscopy analysis confirmed that the free amine ratio stayed relatively constant after 18 h, which again provided support for a model in which the homosubstituted imines acted as amine sinks during equilibration.

(organic chemistry) Having the same substituent


hexapyridyl

During our initial work on the synthesis of the cyclic porphyrin hexamer c -P6 t Bu, by palladium-catalyzed oxidative coupling of the linear porphyrin monomer l -P1 t Bu or dimer l -P2 t Bu in the presence of the hexapyridyl template T6 (Scheme 1 a), we noticed the formation of a high-mass byproduct, which was identified as the 12-porphyrin nanoring figure-of-eight complex c -P12 t Bu ⋅ ( T6 ) 2 .[ 9b, c ] Analytical gel permeation chromatography (GPC) analysis of crude reaction mixtures (Figure 1 a ,b) indicated that c -P12 t Bu ⋅ ( T6 ) 2 was formed in yields of 9 and 12 % from l -P1 t Bu and l -P2 t Bu, respectively.

(organic chemistry) Six pyridyl radicals in a compound


eicosene

(organic chemistry) Any of very many isomers of the unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon having the chemical formula C₂₀H₄₀, but especially 2-eicosene.


glycerophosphonoethanolamine

(organic chemistry) A lipid, similar to a glycerophosphoethanolamine, but with a carbon-phosphorus bond instead of a carbon-oxygen-phosphorus linkage


cysteinate

SPECT with 99m Tc-ethyl cysteinate dimer showed no abnormal cerebral perfusion, while SPECT with 123 I-iomazenil (performed 3 days after discontinuation of benzodiazepine) showed decreased benzodiazepine receptor binding in the right medial temporal area (Fig. 1 ).

2015 August 5, Kaori Morimoto et al., “Analysis of a child who developed abnormal neuropsychiatric symptoms after administration of oseltamivir: a case report”, in BMC Neurology, volume 15, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The anion derived from cysteine


glycophospholipid

(organic chemistry) Any phospholipid containing a sugar moiety


eicosenoic

(organic chemistry) Relating to eicosenoic acid or its derivatives


palmitoleoyl

To a 1.5 mL tube, 67 μL of each palmitoleoyl CoA s and dioleoyl glycerol solutions (1:1 ratio) were added and the reaction was initiated by the addition of 67 μL of microsomes.

2015 August 6, Rodney A. Velliquette et al., “Identification of a botanical inhibitor of intestinal diacylglyceride acyltransferase 1 activity via in vitro screening and a parallel, randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial”, in Nutrition & Metabolism, volume 12, →DOI:

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The univalent radical derived from palmitoleic acid by loss of the hydroxy group


Wöhler synthesis

(organic chemistry) The conversion of ammonium cyanate into urea.


launobine

Laurus nobilis
Laurus nobilis#Translingual

(organic chemistry) An aporphine found in Laurus nobilis.


violanthin

(organic chemistry) A flavonoid found in Viola etrusca.


lythramine

(organic chemistry) An alkaloid found in Lythrum species.


lythranidine

(organic chemistry) An alkaloid found in the plant Lythrum anceps.


demissine

(organic chemistry) A diterpene alkaloid found in the Delphinium genus.


oreodine

(organic chemistry) A diterpene alkaloid found in the plant Delphinium oreophilum.


isopropylphosphate

The L-arabinose derivatives 14 and 18 substituted at position 2 with a phosphate or an isopropylphosphate, respectively, were prepared from the same starting phosphinylated L-arabinose 3 following a similar sequence.

2015 August 5, Abbas El Sahili et al., “A Pyranose-2-Phosphate Motif Is Responsible for Both Antibiotic Import and Quorum-Sensing Regulation in Agrobacterium tumefaciens”, in PLoS Pathogens, volume 11, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Any isopropyl phosphate (ester of a phosphoric acid)


pyomelanin

In fact, our results show the death rate was reduced in AES-1M assays compared to AES-1R, despite a lack of pyomelanin in both isogens.

2015 August 7, Christopher J. Harmer et al., “Homogentisate 1-2-Dioxygenase Downregulation in the Chronic Persistence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Australian Epidemic Strain-1 in the CF Lung”, in PLoS ONE, volume 10, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) A pigment, related to melanin, that results from the catabolism of tyrosine and phenylalanine


pyrroloindole

As seen in Fig 8, SB-206553 exhibits a binding mode in the α7 nAChR-ECD where the amino group of the carbamate establishes a hydrogen bond with the carbonyl group of Asp133, whereas the pyrroloindole moiety appears located between Phe151 and Phe155, a position that would favor π-stacking interactions between the corresponding aromatic rings.

2015 August 5, Patricia Möller-Acuña et al., “Similarities between the Binding Sites of SB-206553 at Serotonin Type 2 and Alpha7 Acetylcholine Nicotinic Receptors: Rationale for Its Polypharmacological Profile”, in PLoS ONE, volume 10, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) A tricyclic aromatic heterocycle composed of a pyrrole ring fused to one of indole


alkoxycyclization

A transition state similar to TS 34 – 33 has been proposed in the reaction of cyclopropyl gold(I) carbenes generated by retro-Buchner reaction of 7-cyclopropyl 1,3,5-cycloheptatrienes. 79 Gold(I) complexes are able to catalyze the addition of amines, alcohols, or water to 1, n -enynes affording products of amino-, alkoxy-, or hydroxycyclization under much milder conditions than other metal catalysts. 26, 32, 33, 62, 80 − 82 These additions are stereospecific, as illustrated by the alkoxycyclization of diastereomeric enynes 1m and 1h, and proceed via opening of cyclopropyl gold(I) carbene intermediates 35 by attack of the nucleophile to the cyclopropane ring (Scheme 11 ).

2015 June 10, Ruth Dorel, Antonio M. Echavarren, “Gold-Catalyzed Reactions via Cyclopropyl Gold Carbene-like Intermediates”, in The Journal of Organic Chemistry, volume 80, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) A reaction in which the addition of an alkoxy group to one carbon atom of a double or triple bond is accompanied by cyclization


dihydroactinidiolide

[ 7 ] isolated phytol, β -sitosterol, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, and vitamin E while Malek et al. isolated campesterol, stigmasterol, dihydroactinidiolide, and 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol in the same year.

2015 July 27, Carolina Carvalho Guilhon et al., “Central Antinociceptive and Mechanism of Action of Pereskia bleo Kunth Leaves Crude Extract, Fractions, and Isolated Compounds”, in Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM, volume 2015, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) A terpenoid insect pheromone formed from actinidiolide by the addition of two hydrogen atoms across a double bond


glabridin

Moreover, the metabolites of licorice, glabridin, and glabrene have an estrogen-like effect and have been used for the treatment of menopause [ 16 ].

2015 July 27, Gita Faghihi et al., “Complementary Therapies for Idiopathic Hirsutism: Topical Licorice as Promising Option”, in Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM, volume 2015, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) An isoflavonoid found in licorice


dihydropyrimidine

dihydropyrimidine (countable and uncountable, plural dihydropyrimidines)

Predisposition to the development of steatosis may be associated with individual patient expression of genes involved in 5-FU metabolism, such as low level of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) mRNA expression.

2015 July 26, Liane Rabinowich, Oren Shibolet, “Drug Induced Steatohepatitis: An Uncommon Culprit of a Common Disease”, in BioMed Research International, volume 2015, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) A heterocycle formed from pyrimidine by the addition of two hydrogen atoms across a double bond


oxatricycle

(organic chemistry) Any tricyclic heterocycle containing oxygen as a heteroatom


barbaralyl

Intramolecular cyclopropanation of a gold(I) carbene can lead to very complex structures starting from 7-alkynylcyclohepta-1,3,5-trienes 95 (Scheme 25 ). 116 This reaction generates highly fluxional barbaralyl gold(I) cations 96 that can be trapped by the pending alkene to form 97a, b, which are in equilibrium by Cope rearrangement both in the solid state and in solution.

(organic chemistry) A univalent radical derived from barbaralane


icotinib

Clinical studies on the R&D of new drugs, represented by icotinib and endostatin, also suggest a bright future in China of the development of clinical oncology and the further improvement of the cure rate in patients with advanced NSCLC.

2015 April 22, Yan Wang, Yan Sun, “Clinical experiences with molecular targeted therapy in lung cancer in China”, in Thoracic Cancer, volume 6, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor N-(3-ethynylphenyl)-7,8,10,11,13,14-hexahydro-[1,4,7,10]tetraoxacyclododecino[2,3-g]quinazolin-4-amine


oxatricyclic

Oxo-1,5-enynes also undergo an intramolecular gold(I)-catalyzed reaction to form oxatricyclic adducts. 91 We exploited gold(I)-catalyzed intramolecular [2 + 2 + 2] alkyne/alkene/carbonyl cycloadditions in the synthesis of several oxygen-bridged sesquiterpenoids.

(organic chemistry) Relating to an oxatricycle


hydroxycyclization

(organic chemistry) A reaction in which the addition of a hydroxy group to one carbon atom of a double or triple bond is accompanied by cyclization


porfimer

porfimer (countable and uncountable, plural porfimers)

(organic chemistry) Any of several oligomeric porphyrins used in photodynamic therapy


valerenic acid

(organic chemistry) The bicyclic sesquiterpenoid carboxylic acid (2E)-3-(3,7-dimethyl-2,4,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-1H-inden-4-yl)-2-methylacrylic acid


valerenic

Previous reports also indicated that the roots and rhizomes are highly aromatic and contain valerenic acid that has been shown to inhibit the breakdown of neuro transmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) that results in sedation.

2015 August 12, Dhanoop Manikoth Ayyathan, Rajasekaran Chandrasekaran, Kalaivani Thiagarajan, “Neuroprotective effect of Tagara, an Ayurvedic drug against methyl mercury induced oxidative stress using rat brain mitochondrial fractions”, in BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, volume 15, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Relating to valerenic acid or its derivatives.


stereodivergent

This cascade cyclization process is ideally suited for the total syntheses of sesquiterpenes (−)-4α,7α-aromadendranediol ( 92 ), (−)-4β,7α-aromadendranediol ( 93 ), and (−)-epiglobulol ( 94 ) from a single dienyne 84b by using a stereodivergent gold(I)-catalyzed reaction as the key step (Scheme 24 ). 115 In the absence of any external nucleophile, cyclopropyl gold(I) carbene intermediate 89 undergoes a 1,5-OBn migration followed by intramolecular cyclopropanation to form tricyclic compound 88b, which is the precursor of 93 and 94 .

(organic chemistry) That produces different chiral forms of the same compound


cellobionate

For the cellobionate phosphorylase activity assay, 0.5 μM NCU09425 was incubated with 2 mM cellobionate or cellobiose in 1x PBS at 30 °C for 30 min.

2015 August 16, Xin Li et al., “Cellobionic acid utilization: from Neurospora crassa to Saccharomyces cerevisiae”, in Biotechnology for Biofuels, volume 8, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of cellobionic acid


acetyltransfer

If the conserved region of PanM were the PanD interaction domain, PanD would not be positioned for acetyltransfer, supporting previous studies classifying PanM as an acetyl-CoA sensor [ 11 ].

2015 August 15, Tara N Stuecker et al., “Phylogenetic and amino acid conservation analyses of bacterial l-aspartate-α-decarboxylase and of its zymogen-maturation protein reveal a putative interaction domain”, in BMC Research Notes, volume 8, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The transfer of an acetyl group


perseitol

At maturity, the total carbohydrates in mesocarp contribute to about 10 % of the flesh weight and are composed of about 10 % starch, 20 % sucrose, 10 % hexoses and 60 % C7 sugars and sugar alcohols (mannoheptulose and perseitol; [ 8 ].

2015 August 16, Aruna Kilaru et al., “Oil biosynthesis in a basal angiosperm: transcriptome analysis of Persea Americana mesocarp”, in BMC Plant Biology, volume 15, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) A sugar alcohol (2S,3R,5R,6R)-heptane-1,2,3,4,5,6,7-heptol


triheptadecanoin

Fatty acids were quantified against triheptadecanoin that was added as an internal standard prior to lipid extraction.

(organic chemistry) The triglyceride of heptadecanoic acid


anacardol

Recent studies prove the changes of Rf values of phytoconstituents in Śodhita samples of Bhallātaka as compared to raw Bhallātaka. Due to the decarboxylation of the oil, the anacardic acid gets converted into the less toxic anacardol.

2015, Santosh Kumar Maurya et al., “Śodhana: An Ayurvedic process for detoxification and modification of therapeutic activities of poisonous medicinal plants”, in Ancient Science of Life, volume 34, →DOI:

Anacardium occidentale
Anacardium occidentale#Translingual

(organic chemistry) A natural product, of uncertain structure, isolated from the seeds of Anacardium occidentale.


brassinazole

Seedlings were grown in liquid culture for 7 days, treated with brassinazole (Brz) for 4 days, and harvested before and 2 h after addition of 100 nM BL.

2015 July 30, Man-Ho Oh et al., “Functional analysis of the BRI1 receptor kinase by Thr-for-Ser substitution in a regulatory autophosphorylation site”, in Frontiers in Plant Science, volume 6, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The triazole β-[(4-chlorophenyl)methyl]-α-methyl-α-phenyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol that inhibits brassinosteroid biosynthesis


hypaphorine

Perhaps during Śodhana process, a major part of hypaphorine might have undergone transformation into abrine by reduction of its tertiary amino group into the primary amino group.

(organic chemistry) An indole alkaloid, present in the fungus Pisolithus tinctorius in family Sclerodermataceae, that controls the elongation rate of root hairs.


cetyltrimethlyammonium

DNA was extracted from all samples using a modified cetyltrimethlyammonium bromide (CTAB) method […]

2015 June 6, W. Rodney Cooper, Stephen F. Garczynski, David R. Horton, “Relative Abundance of Carsonella ruddii (Gamma Proteobacterium) in Females and Males of Cacopsylla pyricola (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) and Bactericera cockerelli (Hemiptera: Triozidae)”, in Journal of Insect Science, volume 15, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The quaternary ammonium cation C₁₆H₃₃N(CH₃)₃⁺


methoxychalcone

The available data suggest that nodD1 and nodD2 activation of nod gene expression in the infection zone occurs mainly through the action of methoxychalcone, but expression of these genes in ZIII may be mediated by another flavonoid, such as isoliquiritigenin, whilst NodD3 operates independently of flavonoids and is sufficient to sustain nodulation.

2015 July 28, Da-Song Chen et al., “Identification of a core set of rhizobial infection genes using data from single cell-types”, in Frontiers in Plant Science, volume 6, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Any methoxy derivative of a chalcone.


dithionitrobenzene

Supernatant was diluted with 50 μl sodium phosphate buffer per 1 mg wet lens weight, and then 500 μl was added to 50 μg of dithionitrobenzene (DTNB; Wako Pure Chemical Industries Ltd.) and incubated for 30 min at room temperature.

2015 July 31, Yosuke Nakazawa et al., “Hesperetin prevents selenite-induced cataract in rats”, in Molecular Vision, volume 21:

(organic chemistry) Any of several isomers of the dinitro derivative of diphenyl disulfide


oxaldihydrazone

oxaldihydrazone (countable and uncountable, plural oxaldihydrazones)

Feeding of cuprizone (bis-cyclohexanone oxaldihydrazone) to young adult mice induces a synchronous consistent demyelination (Matsushima and Morell, 2001; Stidworthy et al., 2003).

2015 July 29, Sarrabeth Stone, Wensheng Lin, “The unfolded protein response in multiple sclerosis”, in Frontiers in Neuroscience, volume 9, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The dihydrazone of oxalic acid


perillyl

Molecular dynamics simulations have shown that essential oil constituents like perillaldehyde or perillyl alcohol carrying more hydrophilic groups require more energy to traverse the membrane and have a 700-fold slower flip-flop rate than the nonpolar constituent limonene (Witzke et al., 2010 ).

2015 July 28, Morten Hyldgaard et al., “Isoeugenol has a non-disruptive detergent-like mechanism of action”, in Frontiers in Microbiology, volume 6, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The univalent radical derived from perillyl alcohol


perillyl alcohol

(organic chemistry) The monoterpenoid alcohol related to perillaldehyde


quinolinate

From quinolinic acid + -ate (“salt or ester”).

af

The non-target near-full length hits include those with putative functions to pyruvate dikinases, hypothetical proteins, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinases, cytochrome p460, CoA substrate specific enzyme activases and quinolinate synthetases, among others.

2015 July 21, Christopher R. Penton et al., “Denitrifying and diazotrophic community responses to artificial warming in permafrost and tallgrass prairie soils”, in Frontiers in Microbiology, volume 6, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of quinolinic acid.


morrhuic acid

From Gadus morrhua, former spelling of Gadus morhua, taxonomic name of the Atlantic cod.


citren

(organic chemistry) A fragrant essential oil found in lemon peel.


androstenetriol

On the basis of the beneficial effects of estrogen shown in trauma hemorrhage, DHEA and its metabolite androstenetriol have been applied in animal models of trauma hemorrhage and sepsis, leading to enhanced cellular immune responses and increased survival rates.

2014 March 28, Markus Albertsmeier et al., “Gender-Specific Effects on Immune Response and Cardiac Function after Trauma Hemorrhage and Sepsis”, in Viszeralmedizin, volume 30, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The steroid (3β,16α,17β)-androst-5-ene-3,16,17-triol that is a metabolite of dehydroepiandrosterone


amorphadiene

Libraries of structured ribosome binding sites and RNAse binding sites were combinatorially inserted into the intergenic regions of 2- and 3-protein operons to improve amorphadiene biosynthesis.

2015 June 27, Tian Tian, Howard M. Salis, “A predictive biophysical model of translational coupling to coordinate and control protein expression in bacterial operons”, in Nucleic Acids Research, volume 43, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The bicyclic sesquiterpene (1R,4R,4aS,8aR)-1-isopropenyl-4,7-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,8a-octahydronaphthalene which is an intermediate in the production of artemesinin


butyrylthiocholine

AChE (EC 3.1.1.7) and BuChE (EC 3.1.1.8) from bovine erythrocytes, acetylthiocholine iodide (ATChI), butyrylthiocholine iodide, 5:5-dithiobis-2-nitrobenzoic acid (DTNB), and sodium bicarbonate were purchased from Sigma, UK.

2015, Suresh Kumar, “Dual inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase enzymes by allicin”, in Indian Journal of Pharmacology, volume 47, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The butyryl derivative of the thiocholine cation; its iodide is used for the determination of plasma cholinesterase variants


benzyldimethylhexadecylammonium

From benzyl + dimethyl + hexadecyl + ammonium.

compound

PT Au NRs with average length of 210 ± 10 nm and width of 34 ± 1 nm were prepared as previously described by Pérez-Juste et al., with minor modifications (see Experimental Section). 49 The purified PT Au NRs show a shape yield around 99%, (Figure S1A–C, Supporting Information ) and can be used as seeds after redispersion in 10 mM benzyldimethylhexadecylammonium chloride (BDAC).

2015 July 2, Martin Mayer et al., “Controlled Living Nanowire Growth: Precise Control over the Morphology and Optical Properties of AgAuAg Bimetallic Nanowires”, in Nano Letters, volume 15, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The quaternary ammonium cation that has one benzyl, two methyl and one hexadecyl radicals; its chloride is a cationic detergent.


effusin

(organic chemistry) A diketopiperazine alkaloid present in a mangrove rhizosphere soil


furanodiene

[ 38 ] indicates that α-santalene along with α-bisabolene and furanodiene are the major components of the oil.

2015 August 18, Michael Gebrehiwot et al., “Evaluation of the wound healing property of Commiphora guidottii Chiov. ex. Guid.”, in BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, volume 15, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The sesquiterpene derivative of furan (5E,9E)-3,6,10-trimethyl-4,7,8,11-tetrahydrocyclodeca[b]furan that has apoptotic properties


dimethylaminobenzaldehyde

Other properties ascribed to the unknown substance (36), namely fluorescence under ultraviolet light and formation of a red-brown color with p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde, […]

1956 October 23, Kenneth N. F. Shaw, Armand McMillan, Marvin D. Armstrong, The Metabolism of 3,1-Dihydroxyphenylalanine:

The tubes were left in a bath for 10 min with occasional swirling and cooled with tap water, then 4 mL of 3 N H 2 SO 4 and 2 mL of 5 % dimethylaminobenzaldehyde (DMAB) solution were added by swirling after each addition.

(organic chemistry) A dimethylamino derivative of benzaldehyde


fluorobenzoate

Several pathways (e.g., two-component systems, fluorobenzoate degradation, and glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism) and KOs (e.g., nifA, pgtCAP, ato, and deg genes) enriched in RYGB or VBG compared to OBS were also enriched in comparison to Ob microbiomes ( Table S5 ).

2015, Valentina Tremaroli et al., “Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass and Vertical Banded Gastroplasty Induce Long-Term Changes on the Human Gut Microbiome Contributing to Fat Mass Regulation”, in Cell Metabolism, volume 22, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Any fluoro derivative of a benzoate


methacryloyl

To synthesize TBDMS-dopamine methacrylate (TBDMS-DMA) monomer, methacryloyl chloride (0.46 g, 4.40 mmol) was added to TBDMS-dopamine (1.13 g, 2.96 mmol) in dichloromethane (2.5 mL) containing triethylamine (0.4 g, 4.0 mmol) according to the previously described method with modification. 35 The product was collected by precipitation.

2015 July 15, Sang-Bae Lee et al., “Catechol-Functionalized Synthetic Polymer as a Dental Adhesive to Contaminated Dentin Surface for a Composite Restoration”, in Biomacromolecules, volume 16, →DOI:

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) A univalent radical derived from methacrylic acid


mucous acid

(organic chemistry, archaic) An acid obtained, by the use of nitric acid, from gum arabic and other mucilaginous substances.


quinoneimine

At 37 °C, pH 7, H 2 O 2 concentration of 0.7 mM and horse radish peroxidase enzyme concentration of 0.1 U/ml, maximum intensity of the quinoneimine dye was resulted at 30 min and the colour was stable until 60 min ( Fig.

2015 May 18, Chamira Dilanka Fernando, Preethi Soysa, “Optimized enzymatic colorimetric assay for determination of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenging activity of plant extracts”, in MethodsX, volume 2, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Any imine derived from a quinone


calcitroic

If 1,25-dihydroxyvitmain D does not interact with VDREs, it is further degraded by CYP24A1 (24-hydroxylase) to the inactive form, calcitroic acid [ 29 ].

2015 August 19, Dylan T. Dahlquist, Brad P. Dieter, Michael S. Koehle, “Plausible ergogenic effects of vitamin D on athletic performance and recovery”, in Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, volume 12, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Relating to calcitroic acid or its derivatives


phenylpropyl

Interestingly, distinctive abundance of the phenolic fraction in the Jordanian garland oil, notably phenylpropyl butanoate, was also reported [ 17 ].

2015 July 28, Sanaa K. Bardaweel et al., “Studies on the In Vitro Antiproliferative, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition Activities Associated with Chrysanthemum coronarium Essential Oil”, in Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM, volume 2015, →DOI:

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) Any phenyl derivative of a propyl radical


tripropylamine

en-noun

tripropylamine (countable and uncountable, plural tripropylamines)

The ruthenium-based tag is used in combination with an enhancer, tripropylamine.

2015 August 18, Agnetha Folestad et al., “IL-17 cytokines in bone healing of diabetic Charcot arthropathy patients: a prospective 2 year follow-up study”, in Journal of Foot and Ankle Research, volume 8, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The tertiary amine (CH₃-CH₂-CH₂)₃N (or any isomeric compound)


organopolymerization

organopolymerization (countable and uncountable, plural organopolymerizations)

The distinct NHO carbanionic reactivity can be expected to allow access to further highly challenging fields in organopolymerization, especially since the catalysts can be readily tailored, as shown in this study.

2015 July 1, Stefan Naumann, Anthony W Thomas, Andrew P Dove, “N-Heterocyclic Olefins as Organocatalysts for Polymerization: Preparation of Well-Defined Poly(propylene oxide)**”, in Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English), volume 54, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The polymerization of organic compounds, especially when catalysed by another organic compound.


lyratol

(organic chemistry) The monoterpenoid alcohol (2E)-2,5-dimethyl-4-vinyl-2,5-hexadien-1-ol


amidolysis

(organic chemistry) The cleavage of amide groups (especially of peptide bonds)


aminoluciferin

If caspases 3 and/or 7 are active, the substrate is cleaved and aminoluciferin will be emitted.

2015 August 11, Kevin Brasseur et al., “Parasporin-2 from a New Bacillus thuringiensis 4R2 Strain Induces Caspases Activation and Apoptosis in Human Cancer Cells”, in PLoS ONE, volume 10, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Any amino derivative of luciferin


decylubiquinone

The reaction started by addition of 80 μ M decylubiquinone and the activity was measured for 5 min [ 20 ].

2015 August 2, Alessandra Ferramosca, Annalea Conte, Vincenzo Zara, “Krill Oil Ameliorates Mitochondrial Dysfunctions in Rats Treated with High-Fat Diet”, in BioMed Research International, volume 2015, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The 6-decyl derivative of ubiquinone


decylubiquinol

The reaction was initiated by adding the ubiquinol analog, decylubiquinol (DBH 2 ), to a final concentration of 50 μ M, and the rate of cytochrome c reduction was calculated from the absorbance increase at 550 nm [ 2 ].

(organic chemistry) Any decyl derivative of ubiquinol but especially 6-decylubiquinol


sodium lauryl sulphate

sodium lauryl sulfate
sodium lauryl sulfate#English

(British spelling, organic chemistry) Alternative spelling of sodium lauryl sulfate


linolenate

Methyl gamma linolenate was isolated from the Spirulina platensis by flash chromatography system and the percentage yield is found to be 71 %.

2015 August 4, Jubie S., Dhanabal S. P., Chaitanya M. V. N. L., “Isolation of methyl gamma linolenate from spirulina platensis using flash chromatography and its apoptosis inducing effect”, in BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, volume 15, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of linolenic acid


monooleoglycerol

Further, for three metabolites changes occurred in the opposite direction between the two studies (oleic acid, linoleic acid and monooleoglycerol).

2015 August 18, Anna C. Pfalzer et al., “Diet- and Genetically-Induced Obesity Differentially Affect the Fecal Microbiome and Metabolome in Apc1638N Mice”, in PLoS ONE, volume 10, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The monoglyceride of oleic acid


ancymidol

Wild-type plants treated with ancymidol, an inhibitor of GA biosynthesis, will tuberize in LD, which is very similar to the formation of tubers on the antisense PHYB plants.

2015 August 17, Mei Yang et al., “Transcriptomic Analysis of the Regulation of Rhizome Formation in Temperate and Tropical Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera)”, in Scientific Reports, volume 5, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The plant growth regulator α-cyclopropyl-α-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-pyrimidinemethanol


propionylpromasine

Before any surgical procedure were performed, all the pigs were pretreated with atropine (Polfa, Poland, 0.04 mg/kg b.w., s.c.) and propionylpromasine (Stresnil, Janssen Pharmaceutica, Belgium, 0.5 mg/kg b.w., i.m.), and after 30 min, the main anaesthetic drug, sodium pentobarbital (Tiopental, 0.5 g per animal), was given intravenously in a slow fractionated infusion.

2015 January 27, E. Lepiarczyk, A. Bossowska, M. Majewski, “Changes in chemical coding of sympathetic chain ganglia (SChG) neurons supplying porcine urinary bladder after botulinum toxin (BTX) treatment”, in Cell and Tissue Research, volume 360, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The propionyl derivative of promasine that is a dopamine receptor antagonist


azidonorleucine

Here, we introduce an Mtb-selective protein labeling method based on genetic incorporation of azidonorleucine (Anl) through the expression of a mutant methionyl-tRNA synthetase.

2015 August 25, Ajit G. Chande et al., “Selective enrichment of mycobacterial proteins from infected host macrophages”, in Scientific Reports, volume 5, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The azido derivative of norleucine (2S)-2-amino-6-azidohexanoic acid that is used to label proteins


diacrylic

Acrylic and diacrylic monomers, certain curing agents, antioxidants, amines, and formaldehyde have been documented to the hypersensitivity reactions.

2015 June 26, Biju Justus et al., “Iatrogenic Damage to the Periodontium by Chemicals and Dental Materials”, in The Open Dentistry Journal, volume 9, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Containing two acrylic groups


europinidin

(organic chemistry) An O-methylated anthocyanidin found in some species of Plumbago and Ceratostigma.


propanediamine

(organic chemistry) Either of two isomeric diamino derivatives of propane; any substituted derivative of these compounds


fusaric

Several mycotoxins are, however, able to modify the rumen microbiota as they exert antimicrobial, anti-protozoal and antifungal activity; typical examples are patulin, fusaric acid, beauvericin and enniantins.

2015 August 20, María J. Nichea et al., “Presence of Multiple Mycotoxins and Other Fungal Metabolites in Native Grasses from a Wetland Ecosystem in Argentina Intended for Grazing Cattle”, in Toxins, volume 7, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Relating to fusaric acid or its derivatives


isodipeptide

They cross-link through disulfide bonds, as well as isodipeptide N -(γ-glutamic) lysine, which arise due to the activity of epidermal transglutaminases.

2015 March 25, Anna Skoczyńska et al., “New look at the role of progerin in skin aging”, in Przegla̜d Menopauzalny = Menopause Review, volume 14, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Any isopeptide containing two amino acid moieties


dihydroisocoumarin

(organic chemistry) Any of a group of phenolic derivatives of isocoumarin


naphthalimide

There are four main inhibitor platforms ( Figure 6 ), one consisting of a water-soluble phenanthridinone backbone (PJ34), and the second is a naphthalimide derivative that is more nonpolar (NAP).

2015 July 24, Miguel R. Lugo, A. Rod Merrill, Ken Teter, “The Father, Son and Cholix Toxin: The Third Member of the DT Group Mono-ADP-Ribosyltransferase Toxin Family”, in Toxins, volume 7, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Any imide of a naphthalic acid


heteropentacyclic

(organic chemistry) heterocyclic and pentacyclic


phenanthridinone

phenanthridinone (countable and uncountable, plural phenanthridinones)

(organic chemistry) A cyclic amide derived from phenanthridine that has immunosuppressant activity


versicolorin

Performance characteristics of the analytical method for all analytes detected in the investigated grass samples. a LOD, limit of detection; b No standard available, estimation of concentration based on response and recovery of averufin; c No standard available, estimation of concentration based on response and recovery of versicolorin A; d n.d.: not determined.

(organic chemistry) The heteropentacyclic quinone 3a,12a-dihydroanthra[2,3-b]furo[3,2-d]furan-5,10-dione


taurohyodeoxycholic acid

(organic chemistry) A particular bile acid 2-[[(3α,5β,6α)-3,6-dihydroxy-24-oxocholan-24-yl]amino]ethanesulfonic acid


skyrin

Several infrequently reported anthraquinone derivates produced by fungi and plants were found during the present research, such as emodin, its methy-derivate physcion and chrysophanol and its respective dimer skyrin.

(organic chemistry) The dimeric quinone 2,4,5-trihydroxy-7-methyl-1-(2,4,5-trihydroxy-7-methyl-9,10-dioxoanthracen-1-yl)anthracene-9,10-dione that is a glucagon antagonist


macrosporin

Tentoxin, altertoxin-1, alternariol monomethyl ether and macrosporin were detected in frequencies ranging from 85% to 57%.

(organic chemistry) The anthraquinone derivative 1,7-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-6-methyl-9,10-anthraquinone that is a bioactive metabolite produced by a plant-pathogenic fungus of the genus Stemphylium (family Pleosporaceae, order Pleosporales)


dunnione

dunnione (countable and uncountable, plural dunniones)

Such results led us to investigate the effects of MB12662, a dunnione compound, on damages of target tissues including intestinal, immune, and hematopoietic systems in mice as well as vomiting reflexes in ferrets following cisplatin administration.

2015 September 1, Dongsun Park et al., “A Dunnione Compound MB12662 Improves Cisplatin-Induced Tissue Injury and Emesis”, in Biomolecules & Therapeutics, volume 23, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The orthoquinone 2,3,3-trimethyl-2H-benzo[g][1]benzofuran-4,5-dione that is a naturally-occurring insecticide


angeloyl

Acylation of 22 with in situ prepared angeloyl chloride in dichloromethane gave common intermediate 23 in 84% yield.

2015 August 6, Masashi Yokoya et al., “Chemistry of Renieramycins. Part 14: Total Synthesis of Renieramycin I and Practical Synthesis of Cribrostatin 4 (Renieramycin H)”, in Marine Drugs, volume 13, →DOI:

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) A univalent radical formally derived from angelic acid by removal of the hydroxyl group


octanoylcarnitine

In a study with 34 MCAD deficient individuals evaluating the correlation between genotype and biochemical phenotype, patients homozygous for c.985A > G had the highest levels of neonatal octanoylcarnitine followed by compound heterozygotes of c.985A > G and other mutations.

2015 July 30, Sarah C. Grünert et al., “Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency associated with a novel splice mutation in the ACADM gene missed by newborn screening”, in BMC Medical Genetics, volume 16, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The N-octanoyl derivative of carnitine


piperazinedione

The piperazinedione ring of 1 1a was activated by introducing a 2-propyloxycarbonyl group to give imide 1 8 in 96% yield.

(organic chemistry) Any of three isomeric diketones derived from piperazine


dicyclohexylcarbodiimide

dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (countable and uncountable, plural dicyclohexylcarbodiimides)

The reaction was initiated by adding a solution containing 50 mmol/L potassium phosphate (pH 7.0), 5 mmol/L MgSO 4 and carbonyl cyanide m -chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP, final 20 μ mol/L) or dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD, final 50 μ mol/L), and [ 3 H] l -alanine (38 Ci mmol −1, Moravek Biochemical, Brea, CA, USA; final, 0.54 μ mol/L).

2015 June 13, Seryoung Kim et al., “Characterization of the l-alanine exporter AlaE of Escherichia coli and its potential role in protecting cells from a toxic-level accumulation of l-alanine and its derivatives”, in MicrobiologyOpen, volume 4, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The di-cyclohexyl derivative of carbodiimide that is used in peptide synthesis


benzofuroxan

benzofuroxan (countable and uncountable, plural benzofuroxans)

Among all these hits, furoxan (WNN0809-C005) and benzofuroxan (WNN0335-G006) were well-studied structural motifs as nitric oxide (NO) donating compounds capable of controlling schistosomiasis [ 11, 18 ].

2015 August 31, Ting Li et al., “High-throughput screening against thioredoxin glutathione reductase identifies novel inhibitors with potential therapeutic value for schistosomiasis”, in Infectious Diseases of Poverty, volume 4, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) A bicyclic heterocycle composed of a benzene ring fused to furoxan


hexanoylglycine

Analysis of organic acids in urine showed only mildly elevated concentrations of hexanoylglycine and isohexanoylglycine in both patients (Table 1 ).

(organic chemistry) The N-hexanoyl derivative of glycine that is a normal metabolite and also a biomarker for exposure to gamma radiation


dityrosine

Action of chloraminated oxidants, mainly hypochlorous acid and chloramines, produced by myeloperoxidase, forms dityrosine containing cross-linked protein products known as AOPP and is also considered as one of the biomarkers to estimate the degree of oxidative modifications of proteins [ 36, 45 ].

2015 August 9, R. Vani et al., “Prospects of Vitamin C as an Additive in Plasma of Stored Blood”, in Advances in Hematology, volume 2015, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) A dimer of tyrosine typically produced by oxidation


gulonolactone

ADAMTS8 ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin 8, CEP120 centrosomal protein 120, Cg Choriogonadotropin, CHSY3 chondroitin sulfate synthase 3, Gulo gulonolactone L-oxidase, MRPS33 mitochondrial ribosomal protein S33, NPEPL1 aminopeptidase-like 1, PAK1 p-21 protein-activated kinase 1, PNPLA3 patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3, PROSC proline synthetase, SCYL3 SCY1-like 3, SLC2A8 and 10A3, solute carriers 2A8 and 10A3, TMEM163 transmembrane protein 163, TNF tumor necrosis factor, XKR8 XK, Kell blood group complex subunit-related family 8 In this study, we examined the potential for serum miRNAs to serve as biomarkers of alcohol-related structural and functional CNS damage in human subjects.

2015 September 5, Cherry Ignacio et al., “Alterations in serum microRNA in humans with alcohol use disorders impact cell proliferation and cell death pathways and predict structural and functional changes in brain”, in BMC Neuroscience, volume 16, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) The lactone of gulonic acid, (3S,4R,5R)-5-((S)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-3,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-2(3H)-one


cyclomarin

(organic chemistry) Any of a group of marine cyclopeptides that have antimalarial activity


aminolipid

Differences in polar lipid profiles indicated that MUSC 149 T is different from related type strains ( Figure 3 ); for example, strain MUSC 149 T was found to contain aminolipid, lipid that was not detected in S. rhizophilus NBRC 108885 T ( Figure 3 ).

2015 August 20, Hooi-Leng Ser et al., “Presence of antioxidative agent, Pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro- in newly isolated Streptomyces mangrovisoli sp. nov.”, in Frontiers in Microbiology, volume 6, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Any lipid that has an amino group


monophosphohistidine

The two forms of monophosphohistidine are both known to occur in cellular proteins ( Walinder, 1969b ; Chen et al., 1977 ; Fujitaki et al., 1981 ), however the diphospho form has only been reported in chemically phosphorylated proteins.

2015 August 21, Thomas Wieland, Paul V. Attwood, “Alterations in reversible protein histidine phosphorylation as intracellular signals in cardiovascular disease”, in Frontiers in Pharmacology, volume 6, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Either of two N-phosphorylated derivatives of histidine


chrysenone

chrysenone (countable and uncountable, plural chrysenones)

(organic chemistry) A steroid ketone derived from chrysene


polyethoxylate

Photo-Fenton is effective in treating wastewater with various organic contaminants, such as dye [ 12 ], 2,4-dichlorophenol [ 13 ], and nonylphenol polyethoxylate [ 14 ].

2015 August 11, Gong Cheng et al., “Advanced Treatment of Pesticide-Containing Wastewater Using Fenton Reagent Enhanced by Microwave Electrodeless Ultraviolet”, in BioMed Research International, volume 2015, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Any polymer based on ethoxylate monomers


squalenoyl

squalenoyl (countable and uncountable, plural squalenoyls)

In other studies, Othman et al. and Vaccaro et al. synthesized and characterized amphiphilic complex obtained by coupling the hydrophilic DOTA ligand [1,4,7,10-tetrakis(carboxymethyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane] to squalenoyl moieties and complexes containing amphiphilic supramolecular aggregates DTPAGlu chelating agent covalently bound to two C18 alkylic chains with a good relaxivity of 15–22 s -1 mM −1 (at 20 MHz and 37°C) and 21.5–24 s -1 mM −1 (at 20 MHz and 25°C), respectively [ 32, 33 ].

2015 August 10, Simone Rodrigues Silva et al., “Gadolinium(III) Complexes with N-Alkyl-N-methylglucamine Surfactants Incorporated into Liposomes as Potential MRI Contrast Agents”, in Bioinorganic Chemistry and Applications, volume 2015, →DOI:

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) A univalent radical derived from squalenoic acid


acetoxypalladation

Measurements of deuterium kinetic isotope effects suggest that C–H bond breaking is not the rate-limiting step and that the acetoxypalladation of the allene moiety is the first irreversible step.

2015 July 22, Javier Mazuela, Debasis Banerjee, Jan-E. Bäckvall, “Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Tandem Oxidative Acetoxylation/ortho C–H Activation/Carbocyclization of Arylallenes”, in Journal of the American Chemical Society, volume 137, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) A reaction in which an acetoxy group and a palladium atom are attached across a double bond (typically as the first step in another reaction)


arylallene

The dimers 3a- d 0, 3a- d 5, and 3a- d 10 were formed in a ratio of 1.00:1.01:0.13, and this ratio gives an isotope effect k H / k D = 7.2 ± 0.8 for the first step of the dimer formation ( A → D, Scheme 4 ). 12 On the basis of the above experimental findings, a probable mechanism for the tandem acetylation/carbocyclizations of arylallene 1 is proposed in Scheme 4 .

(organic chemistry) any aryl derivative of an allene


carbocyclization

Further studies on the tandem carbocyclization mechanism are ongoing in our laboratory and will be reported in due course.

(organic chemistry) Any cyclization reaction in which a heteroatom is replaced by one of carbon


chlorokojic acid

(organic chemistry) The chloro derivative of kojic acid 2-(chloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-4H-pyran-4-one


chlorokojic

The omission of an aqueous recrystallization step leads to near-quantitative yields of the hydrolytically unstable chlorokojic acid (1) without sacrificing purity.

2015 August 13, J. Aerts et al., “Synthesis and Validation of a Hydroxypyrone-Based, Potent, and Specific Matrix Metalloproteinase-12 Inhibitor with Anti-Inflammatory Activity In Vitro and In Vivo”, in Mediators of Inflammation, volume 2015, →DOI:

(organic chemistry) Relating to chlorokojic acid or its derivatives


oligobenzamide

(organic chemistry) Any compound that has several benzamide moieties