neopentane

(organic chemistry) The aliphatic alkane 2,2-dimethylpropane; isomeric with pentane and isopentane


isopentane

en-noun

isopentane (countable and uncountable, plural isopentanes)

(organic chemistry) An aliphatic hydrocarbon with the chemical structure CH₂CH₂CH(CH₃)₂; isomeric with pentane and neopentane.


polybenzimidazole

diphenyl isophthalate
diphenyl isophthalate

(organic chemistry) a polymer, containing imidazole repeat units, prepared from tetraaminobiphenyl and diphenyl isophthalate; it does not melt or ignite, so is used in fire-resistant materials


polybutadiene

polybutadiene (countable and uncountable, plural polybutadienes)

(organic chemistry) A polymer of butadiene, used to make synthetic rubber.


polyurethaned

(organic chemistry) Treated or coated with a polyurethane varnish or other product.


isobutylene

isobutylene (countable and uncountable, plural isobutylenes)

From iso- + butylene or isobutyl + -ene?

He combined styrene with isobutylene, a volatile liquid, under pressure.

1996 April 2, Julia Campbell, “Ray McIntire, 77, Dow Engineer And the Inventor Of Styrofoam”, in The New York Times:

(organic chemistry) methylpropene; isobutene


isobutene

isobutene (countable and uncountable, plural isobutenes)

(organic chemistry) The unsaturated hydrocarbon methylpropene, (CH₃)₂C=CH₂; used in the manufacture of polybutene and butyl rubber.


butadiene

butadiene (countable and uncountable, plural butadienes)

(organic chemistry) An unsaturated hydrocarbon, CH₂=CH-CH=CH₂; it is obtained from petroleum and is used in the preparation of the synthetic rubber polybutadiene.


imidazole

(organic chemistry) A heterocyclic organic compound containing two nitrogen atoms separated by a carbon atom in a five-membered ring, called 1,3-diazole in IUPAC nomenclature.

(organic chemistry) A group of compounds containing that structure.


diacetylene

diacetylene (countable and uncountable, plural diacetylenes)

(organic chemistry) A highly unsaturated hydrocarbon, HC≡C-C≡CH, the simplest polyyne

(organic chemistry) Any of its derivatives, R₂C≡C-C≡CR₂, used in the manufacture of polydiacetylene


dioxanone

(organic chemistry) An organic compound formally derived from a dioxane by replacing a methylene group with a carbonyl group


polydioxanone

(organic chemistry) A biodegradable plastic made by the polymerization of p-dioxanone; it is used in medical applications such as sutures


copper aspirinate

rheumatoid arthritis
rheumatoid arthritis

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) The cuprous salt of aspirin; it is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis


aspirinate

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of aspirin.


POM

POM (countable and uncountable, plural POMs)

(organic chemistry) Initialism of polyoxymethylene.


phenethylamine

phenethylamine (countable and uncountable, plural phenethylamines)

(uncountable, organic chemistry, biochemistry) An aromatically substituted aliphatic amine, C₆H₅C₂H₄NH₂, which is a neurotransmitter in the brain; it has pharmacological properties similar to amphetamine.

(countable, organic chemistry) Any of a group of compounds derived from that amine.


diisocyanate

(organic chemistry) Any compound containing two isocyanate anions or functional groups, but especially such an organic compound used in the preparation of polyurethane

polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate


piperazine

piperazine (countable and uncountable, plural piperazines)

After German Piperazin, from piper(idine) + azine.

(organic chemistry, pharmacology, uncountable) A saturated heterocyclic compound, C₄H₁₀N₂, containing two nitrogen atoms in a six-membered ring; it is used as an anthelmintic.

(organic chemistry, countable) Any derivative of this compound


theophylline

From translingual Thea (“former genus name for the tea plant”) + Ancient Greek φύλλον (phúllon, “leaf”) + -ine.

af

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A bitter crystalline compound present in small quantities in tea leaves, isomeric with theobromine; used as a drug in therapy for respiratory diseases.


polypropene

en-noun

polypropene (countable and uncountable, plural polypropenes)

Furthermore, the surface tensions of isotactic polypropene (i-PP) and syndiotactic polypropene (s-PP) are measured.

2000, T. J. Menke, Z. Funke, R.-D. Maier, J. Kressler, “Surface Tension Measurements on Ethene−Butene Random Copolymers and Different Polypropenes”, in Macromolecules, →ISSN:

(organic chemistry) Alternative form of polypropylene.


alkoxyalcohol

(organic chemistry) Any organic compound of general formula R'-O-ROH, where R and R' represent alkyl or aryl groups.


neuraminic acid

(organic chemistry) A 9-carbon atom amino carbohydrate, 5-amino-3,5-dideoxy- D-glycero-D-galacto-non-2-ulosonic acid, many of whose derivatives are found in nature, mostly as glycoproteins and gangliosides


glycodiversification

(organic chemistry) The synthesis of analogues of naturally-occurring carbohydrates


sialic acid

sialic acid (countable and uncountable, plural sialic acids)

1987, The FASEB Journal, Volume 1, Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, page 231,
We have previously shown that the study of O-acetyl esters on the sialic acids is fraught with difficulties.

Intralysosomal accumulation of free sialic acid both in vivo and in vitro in Salla disease is due to a defect of the transport mechanism of sialic acid in lysosomal membranes [Renlund et al, 1983b, 1986a, b; Mancini et al 1986].

1987, American Journal of Medical Genetics, Volume 28, page 383:

1997, International Journal of Oncology, Volume 10, Issue 4, Lychnia, page 761,
Figure 3. Relationship between the disease-free survival rate and sialic acid expression in 100 breast cancer patients following curative surgery.

(organic chemistry, biochemistry) Any of a group of amino carbohydrates that are substituted forms of neuraminic acid and can be components of glycoproteins and mucoproteins.


gamma-hydroxybutyric acid

gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (plural gamma-hydroxybutyric acids)

gamma-hydroxybutyric acids (plural)
as: GHB (abbreviation)

(organic chemistry, biochemistry, pharmacology) A naturally-occurring biochemical of uncertain function; sometimes used as a recreational drug


amylic

amylic alcohol

amylic fermentation

(organic chemistry) Pertaining to, or derived from, amyl


amylate

(organic chemistry) A compound of the radical amyl with oxygen and a positive atom or radical.


bisphosphonate

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of organic compounds having two phosphate groups attached to a single carbon atom.


ammonium laureth sulfate

ammonium lauryl sulfate
ammonium lauryl sulfate

sodium laureth sulfate
sodium laureth sulfate

(organic chemistry) A compound formed by the ethoxylation of ammonium lauryl sulfate, having properties similar to sodium laureth sulfate.


tartaric

(organic chemistry) Containing tartrates


lysergic

en-adj

lysergic (not generally comparable, comparative more lysergic, superlative most lysergic)

more lysergic (comparative)
most lysergic (superlative)

Blend of (hydro)lys(is) + erg(ot) + -ic (adjective-forming suffix). Sense 2 (“psychedelic, trippy”) refers to the effects of taking the drug lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD).

Much more soluble in water than ergotoxine, ergotamine, sensibamine or ergoclavine, and is thought to be the hydroxyisopropylamide of lysergic acid.

1936, Thomas Lathrop Stedman, “ergostetrine”, in A Practical Medical Dictionary [...], 13th revised edition, Baltimore, Md.: William Wood and Company, →OCLC, page 368, column 2:

In a series of papers during the past few years Jacobs and [Lyman C.] Craig have shown that the ergot alkaloids are derivatives of a unique acid base, lysergic acid, in which the latter or an isomer is conjugated with certain amino acids or substances which can be derived from them, such as 2-aminopropanol-1, pyruvic acid, and isobutyrylformic acid. Since lysergic acid is thus the common characteristic constituent of these alkaloids, the determination of its structure became at once a major issue in the ergot alkaloid problem.

1937 August, Walter A[braham] Jacobs, R. Gordon Gould, Jr., “The Ergot Alkaloids: XII. The Synthesis of Substances Related to Lysergic Acid”, in The Journal of Biological Chemistry, volume 120, number 1, Baltimore, Md.: Published at Yale University for The Journal of Biological Chemistry, Inc. […], page 141:

In 1938, while experimenting with derivatives of ergot, a Swiss chemist named Hoffman^([sic – meaning [Albert] Hofmann]) first produced the drug, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, by adding a diethylamide group onto lysergic acid.

1968, Charles Milton Fischer, The Effect of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide on the Carbohydrate Metabolism of the Brain (unpublished B.S. in Dentistry dissertation), San Francisco, Calif.: University of California, San Francisco, →OCLC, page 1:

We have used lysergic acid which is available commercially, and we have found that the conversion of lysergic acid to LSD can be accomplished in a relatively simple manner by procedures that can be followed by experienced chemists. In fact, we believe a crude form of LSD could be produced by a college chemistry student who had access to the equipment in a college chemistry laboratory.

1966 May 23, James L. Goddard (interviewee), The Narcotic Rehabilitation Act of 1966: Hearings before a Special Subcommittee of the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate, Eighty-ninth Congress, Second Session, Pursuant to S. Res. 199 Eighty-ninth Congress and S. 2113, S. 2114, S. 2152 and LSD and Marihuana Use on College Campuses …, Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, →OCLC, page 330:

The ergot alkaloids in general are classified into four main structural groups: 1. the simple amide group such as LSD and the methyl carbinolamide; 2. more complex peptide complex viz. ergotamine, where the lysergic acid moiety is linked with cyclic tri-pepide via an amide bond 3. lysergic acids and 4. clavine alkaloids[…].

2007, K. G. Ramawat, J. M. Merillon, editors, Biotechnology: Secondary Metabolites: Plants and Microbes, 2nd edition, Enfield, N.H.: Science Publishers; Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press, →ISBN, page 375:

lysergic acid diethylamide
lysergic acid diethylamide#English

(not comparable, organic chemistry) Used in the designation of lysergic acid and lysergic acid diethylamide: produced by hydrolysis from ergot.


tetrachloroethene

(organic chemistry) The chlorinated derivative of ethylene Cl₂C=CCl₂; it is widely used for the dry cleaning of fabrics and for metal-degreasing.


perchloroethylene

en-noun

perchloroethylene (countable and uncountable, plural perchloroethylenes)

/pəˌklɔːɹəʊˈɛθɪliːn/

/pɚˌklɔɹoʊˈɛθəˌlin/

(organic chemistry) Synonym of tetrachloroethylene, a nonflammable, non-polar solvent with low toxicity, especially in the dry-cleaning trade


formol

formol (countable and uncountable, plural formols)

(organic chemistry) A 10% solution of formaldehyde in water.


phenylamine

phenylamine (countable and uncountable, plural phenylamines)

(organic chemistry) Alternative name for aniline (C₆H₅NH₂).


aminobenzene

aminobenzene (countable and uncountable, plural aminobenzenes)

(organic chemistry) aniline (C₆H₅NH₂), or any derivative of this compound


penam

(organic chemistry) A bicyclic ring system containing a beta-lactam moiety fused with a five-member thiazolidine ring; the common core skeleton of the penicillin subclass of beta-lactam antibiotics.


n-heptane

The letter n may be used in front of heptane in order to differentiate the normal heptane from its isomers.

(organic chemistry) The saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon (CH₃(CH₂)₅CH₃).


methanoic acid

(organic chemistry) The simplest carboxylic acid, HCOOH, a colorless, corrosive liquid with a sharp odor; it is present in the stings of ants, bees and nettles, and is prepared industrially by oxidation of methanol or formaldehyde; it has some industrial uses, and its esters, the methanoates, are used in perfumes.


thiazolidinedione

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of drugs, used to treat diabetes, containing a five-membered heterocyclic ring containing a nitrogen and a sulfur atom and two carbonyl groups


anomeric

(organic chemistry) Relating to or characteristic of an anomer


dibenzo

(organic chemistry) Two benzo groups in a single molecule


bergamottin

bergamottin (countable and uncountable, plural bergamottins)

(organic chemistry) Any of a group of furanocoumarins found principally in grapefruit juice, but also in bergamot oil; thought to be responsible for its effect on the metabolism of some pharmaceuticals


azotate

(archaic, inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry) A nitrate (any salt or ester of nitric acid).


malate

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of malic acid.

苹果酸酯 (píngguǒsuān zhǐ, literally “ester of malic acid”)(ester)


LSA

LSA (countable and uncountable, plural LSAs)

lysergic acid amide
lysergic acid amide#English

(organic chemistry) Initialism of lysergic acid amide.


dimethylfuran

(organic chemistry) Any of four isomers of the heterocyclic compound formed by substituting two methyl groups for hydrogen in furan; but especially 2,5-dimethylfuran obtained by catalytic reduction of fructose from biomass for use as a biofuel


spirene

(organic chemistry) An unsaturated spiran containing at least one double bond in one of the rings


ethanolamide

(organic chemistry) Any amide derived from a carboxylic acid and ethanolamine


spiro

Ultimately from Latin spīra (“coil, twist”).

(organic chemistry, attributively) A polycyclic compound or system that contains a single atom as the only common member of two rings.


depolymerization

(organic chemistry) The decomposition of a polymer into smaller fragments


arabin

arabin (countable and uncountable, plural arabins)

(organic chemistry, dated) A carbohydrate, isomeric with cane sugar, found in gum arabic


aristolochic acid

(organic chemistry) A carboxylic acid derived from phenanthrene extracted from plants of the family Aristolochiaceae; though sometimes used as a herbal remedy, it is a rodent carcinogen and can cause endemic nephropathy in humans.

ácido aristolóquico

carboxylic acid extracted from plants of the family Aristolochiaceae


2-methyl-2-propenoic acid

(organic chemistry) The IUPAC name for methacrylic acid.


ammonio

(organic chemistry, in combination) A chemical group (-NH₃⁺) derived from the ammonium cation.


isobutane

isobutane (countable and uncountable, plural isobutanes)

From iso- + butane. From being an isomer of butane, different from n-butane (“'normal' butane”).

(organic chemistry) A hydrocarbon, a particular isomer of C₄H₁₀ found in natural gas.


vicine

(organic chemistry) An alkaloid extracted from the seeds of the vetch (Vicia sativa) as a white crystalline substance.


EDC

(organic chemistry) Initialism of ethylene dichloride and 1,2-dichloroethane.


phenanthroline

(organic chemistry) A tricyclic heterocyclic compound having two pyridine rings fused with a benzene ring; any of its derivatives


tripodal

(organic chemistry) Describing any compound in which three (of the same) functional groups are on three separate chains.


organocatalysis

(organic chemistry) The use of small organic compounds as catalysts


organocatalyst

(organic chemistry) Any small organic compound that functions as a catalyst


leukotriene

From leuko- + triene, coined by Swedish biochemist Bengt I. Samuelsson.

(organic chemistry) Any of several physiologically active lipids, related to the prostaglandins, that participate in allergic responses.

白三烯

any of several physiologically active lipids


methylpropene

(organic chemistry, IUPAC name) isobutylene.


polyaminopolycarboxylic acid

polyaminopolycarboxylic acid (plural polyaminopolycarboxylic acids)

From poly- + amino + polycarboxylic acid.

ethylenediaminetetracetic acid
ethylenediaminetetracetic acid

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of polycarboxylic acids that have a backbone containing several amino groups; they form chelation complexes with metals; the most common example is ethylenediaminetetracetic acid


jasmonate

From jasmonic acid + -ate (“salt or ester”).

(organic chemistry) Any of several esters of jasmonic acid that act as plant hormones; they are the main component of the smell of jasmine.


jasmonic acid

(organic chemistry, biochemistry) An oxylipin lipid, containing a cyclopentanone ring, related to the prostaglandins; its esters, the jasmonates, are responsible for the smell of jasmine and act as plant hormones


cyclopentanone

(organic chemistry) The cyclic ketone derived from cyclopentane by formal replacement of two hydrogen atoms by an oxygen atom; any derivative of this compound


diethylene glycol

(organic chemistry) A clear, hygroscopic, odorless liquid, which is described by the chemical structural formula HO-CH₂-CH₂-O-CH₂-CH₂-OH. It is toxic to humans and other animals.


acetylate

en-verb

acetylate (third-person singular simple present acetylates, present participle acetylating, simple past and past participle acetylated)

acetylates (present singular third-person)
acetylating (participle present)
acetylated (participle past)
acetylated (past)

(organic chemistry) To react with acetic acid or one of its derivatives; to introduce one or more acetyl groups into a substance


acetylation

(organic chemistry) The reaction of a substance with acetic acid or one of its derivatives; the introduction of one or more acetyl groups into a substance.


norfluoxetine

(organic chemistry) The active metabolite of fluoxetine


aziridine

/əˈzɪɹɪdiːn/

From aza- + iridine. Aza denotes a monocycle with a single nitrogen atom, and iridine is used to mark a three-membered monocycle.

(organic chemistry) A three-membered heterocycle containing two methylene groups and an imine; the nitrogen equivalent of ethylene oxide.


diacetyl

(organic chemistry, in combination) Two acetyl groups in a compound

(organic chemistry) Synonym of butanedione


diazepine

en-noun

diazepine (countable and uncountable, plural diazepines)

(organic chemistry) A seven-membered unsaturated heterocycle having two nitrogen atoms and three double bonds; any derivative of this compound


benzodiazepine

Coordinate term: barbiturate

That week we were in the desert I couldn't sleep—perhaps a couple of hours each night at the most even with a steady intake of benzodiazepine.

2023, Bret Easton Ellis, chapter 1, in The Shards:

His modus operandi was to drug them with wine or tea laced with benzodiazepines, which incapacitated them and wiped out their memories.

2023 December 21, Anna Moore, “The couch surfing predator: how a group of women were drugged and assaulted - then fought back”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) Any of a class of psychoactive drugs, structured upon diazepine, used in the treatment of anxiety, insomnia and other related disorders.


quetiapine

Probably from que(ll) + thia- + -apine (“psychoactive tricyclic compound”).

af

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) An antipsychotic drug taken orally in the form of its fumarate (C₂₁H₂₅N₃O₂S)₂·C₄H₄O₄ especially to treat schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. It is marketed under the trademark Seroquel.


carbamazepine

en-noun

carbamazepine (countable and uncountable, plural carbamazepines)

Since α-carbamazepine is a monotrope of γ-carbamazepine, and γ-carbamazepine is an enantiotrope of β-carbamazepine, the physical stability hierarchy depends on the transition temperature of β- and γ-carbamazepine.

2004, Peter York, Uday B. Kompella, Boris Y. Shekunov, Supercritical Fluid Technology for Drug Product Development, page 288:

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A synthetic compound of the benzodiazepine class, used as an anticonvulsant and analgesic drug.


butylate

en-verb

butylate (third-person singular simple present butylates, present participle butylating, simple past and past participle butylated)

butylates (present singular third-person)
butylating (participle present)
butylated (participle past)
butylated (past)

(organic chemistry) To react so as to introduce one or more butyl groups into a molecule

бутили́ровать

(organic chemistry) to react so as to introduce one or more butyl groups into a molecule


butylated

en-adj

butylated (comparative more butylated, superlative most butylated)

more butylated (comparative)
most butylated (superlative)

The Food and Drug Administration earlier this year seized a common food preservative, butylated hydroxytoluene, known simply as BHT, from Life Extension Products in Dania and Hollywood, Fla., after the product had been advertised as a treatment for herpes and AIDS, an agency spokesman said. The agency said the claims had not been proved in scientific tests.

1987 August 30, Katherine Bishop, “Authorities Act Against AIDS 'Cures'”, in The New York Times:

(organic chemistry) Modified to contain one or more butyl groups.


maltitol

en-noun

maltitol (countable and uncountable, plural maltitols)

(organic chemistry) a disaccharide polyol used as a sugar substitute, produced through the hydrogenation of maltose.


ptaquiloside

ptaquiloside (countable and uncountable, plural ptaquilosides)

From the species name Pteridium aquilinum.

(organic chemistry) A carcinogenic terpenoid glycoside, found in bracken, that is poisonous to cattle.


pteroyl

(organic chemistry) A univalent polycyclic heterocyclic acyl radical derived from pteroyl acid


oxindole

oxindole (countable and uncountable, plural oxindoles)

(uncountable, organic chemistry) A bicyclic aromatic heterocycle containing a benzene ring fused with five-membered cyclic amide

(countable, organic chemistry) Any derivative of this compound


pteropodine

(organic chemistry) An oxindole, obtained from certain plants of the genus Uncaria, thought to have therapeutic properties; uncarine


dideoxy

(organic chemistry, of a sugar) Lacking two hydroxyl groups.


pulegone

(organic chemistry) A monoterpenoid ketone, found in pennyroyal, that is toxic to dogs and cats


monocycle

From mono- + cycle, thus literally "one wheel".

(organic chemistry) An aromatic compound containing a single ring.


zolpidem

Probably from (imida)zol(e) + p(yr)id(ine) + (ac)e(ta)m(ide).

af

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A sedative and hypnotic drug administered orally in the form of its tartrate (C₁₉H₂₁N₃O)₂·C₄H₆O₆ in the short-term treatment of insomnia. It is marketed under the trademark Ambien, Stilnox.


CBN

(organic chemistry) Abbreviation of cannabinol.


cannabinol

en-noun

cannabinol (countable and uncountable, plural cannabinols)

Cannabis sativa
Cannabis sativa#Translingual

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A psychoactive cannabinoid found in the hemp plant Cannabis sativa; an oxidation product of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC).


diastereoselectivity

(organic chemistry) The preferential formation of one diastereoisomer over another; also, the degree of said preference


glycoalkaloid

“The potato’s skin is teeming with glycoalkaloids,” she continued, “toxins so indestructible, they can easily survive both cooking and frying.”

2022, Bonnie Garmus, Lessons in Chemistry, Penguin (2023), page 316:

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of alkaloid glycosides, most of which are poisonous.


solanine

solanine (countable and uncountable, plural solanines)

1989, R. P. Sharma, D. K. Salunkhe, Chapter 8: Solanum Glycoalkaloids, Peter R. Cheeke (editor), Toxicants of Plant Origin: Alkaloids, Volume 1: Alkaloids, page 214,
Apparently the high activity of α-solanine injected into the bloodstream may be due to cholinesterase inhibition, while the lesser effects of orally administered α-solanine could reflect its poor adsorption from the gastrointestinal tract.

The most potent inhibitors are found in potatoes, and of these the most active component is the glycoalkaloid solanine.
The toxicity of solanine has been the subject of extensive study.

1996, M. M. T. Janssen, H. M. C. Put, M. J. R. Nut, “Chapter Two: Natural Toxins”, in John De Vries, editor, Food Safety and Toxicity, page 14:

Evidently, during the ripening process, the solanines are metabolised to neutral saponins without the occurrence of glycoside hydrolysis.

2005, Dietrich Frohne, Hans Jürgen Pfänder, Poisonous Plants: A Handbook for Doctors, Pharmacists, Toxicologists, Biologists and Veterinarians, page 380:

(organic chemistry) A poisonous glycoalkaloid found in many species of the nightshade family Solanaceae, including potato and tomato.

solanino

poisonous glycoalkaloid found in many species of nightshade


glycorandomization

(organic chemistry) The manufacture of a large series of related compounds, containing various sugar moieties, for investigation as pharmaceuticals etc.


oxazaborolidine

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of five-membered, saturated heterocycles containing two carbon atoms, a nitrogen, boron and oxygen atom


lidocaine

lidocaine (countable and uncountable, plural lidocaines)

From (acetani)lid(e) + -o- + -caine, from cocaine.

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A crystalline compound C₁₄H₂₂N₂O that is used in the form of its hydrochloride as a local anesthetic and as an antiarrhythmic agent.

denatonium

a similar compound with an additional benzyl group


reserpine

reserpine (countable and uncountable, plural reserpines)

/ɹɪˈsɝːˌpiːn/

From translingual R(auvolfia) serp(entina) + -ine.

af

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A compound of the alkaloid class obtained from Indian snakeroot (Rauvolfia serpentina) and other plants and used in the treatment of hypertension.


spiran

From German Spiran. By surface analysis, spiro- + -an.

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of bicyclic hydrocarbons in which a carbon atom has two single bonds in each of two rings; a form of spiro compound


organofluorine

(organic chemistry) Describing an organic compound containing one or more fluorine atoms.


organofluorine

(organic chemistry) An organic compound containing fluorine.


organobromine

(organic chemistry) Describing an organic compound containing one or more bromine atoms.


organobromine

(organic chemistry) An organic compound containing bromine.


organohalogen

(organic chemistry) Describing an organic compound containing one or more halogen atoms.


organohalogen

(organic chemistry) An organic compound containing a halogen.


hydroxamate

In general, the hydroxamates are used for flotation of oxidic minerals (pyrochlore, cassiterite and ilmenite), rare-earth oxides and oxide copper minerals.

2007, Srdjan M. Bulatovic, Handbook of Flotation Reagents: Chemistry, Theory and Practice, →ISBN, page 13:

(organic chemistry) A hydroxylamine compound containing a CONOH group, often serving as chelating agents.


organoiodine

(organic chemistry) Describing an organic compound containing one or more iodine atoms.


organoiodine

(organic chemistry) An organic compound containing iodine.


bidentate

(inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, physical chemistry) Of a ligand, forming two separate chemical bonds to a coordinating metal ion.


superatom

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-superatom.wav

(organic chemistry) One or more atoms of a basic structure that are replaced by amplificants in the amplification process of phane nomenclature


organohalide

(organic chemistry) An organic halide, an organic compound containing one or more substituted halogen atoms.


pyridinium

(organic chemistry) The cationic, protonated form of pyridine


allylic

(organic chemistry) Containing an allyl group, an alkene hydrocarbon group with the formula H₂C=CH-CH₂-


trimethylamine

en-noun

trimethylamine (countable and uncountable, plural trimethylamines)

We would get fresh fish every Friday, carp and pike, which my mother would grind to make the gefilte fish for shabbas. One Friday I added a little trimethylamine to the fish, and when my mother smelled this, she grimaced and threw the lot away.

2001, Oliver Sacks, Uncle Tungsten: Memories of a Chemical Boyhood:

(organic chemistry) The tertiary amine (CH₃)₃N; a colourless gas with a fishy smell that is a product of animal and vegetable decomposition.


cocrystal

(organic chemistry) A crystal, often a large-molecule crystal, having two or more distinct molecular components within the crystal lattice.


fluoroalkyl

(organic chemistry) An alkyl group in which one or more hydrogens have been substituted for fluorine.


trichloro

(organic chemistry, in combination) Three chlorine atoms in a molecule.


trichloroethane

(organic chemistry) Either of two isomeric halogenated hydrocarbons, CH₃-CCl₃ or CH₂Cl-CHCl₂, that are used in several industrial applications, especially as solvents

(organic chemistry) Any of many derivatives of these compounds


dichloro

(organic chemistry, in combination) Two chlorine atoms in a molecule.


nonane

(organic chemistry) Any of very many isomeric alkanes, of general formula C₉H₂₀, having 9 carbon atoms.


silyl

(organic chemistry) Any similar radical in which one or more of the hydrogen atoms are replaced by organic groups


adenylate

adenosine monophosphate
adenosine monophosphate

(organic chemistry) The dissociated anion present in adenylic acid; adenosine monophosphate.


halon

The Renew is also free of polyvinyl chloride, asbestos, chlorofluorocarbons and halons.

2009 February 12, Azadeh Ensha, “A Cellphone That Is Made With the Environment in Mind”, in New York Times:

(organic chemistry) A hydrocarbon (more precisely haloalkane) in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by halogens


saponifiable

en-adj

saponifiable (comparative more saponifiable, superlative most saponifiable)

more saponifiable (comparative)
most saponifiable (superlative)

(organic chemistry, of a lipid) That can be saponified.


-idine

Derived from the ending of pyridine, which comes from German Pyridin which in turn comes from a combination of pyro- -id and -in (-ide and -ine)

(organic chemistry) Denotes a chemical compound containing a ring containing nitrogen


thiazoline

(organic chemistry) An unsaturated heterocyclic compound containing a five-membered ring, one double bond, one nitrogen and one sulfur atom; any derivative of this compound


oxazoline

(organic chemistry) An unsaturated heterocyclic compound containing a five-membered ring, one double bond, one nitrogen and one oxygen atom; any derivative of this compound


ellagic acid

(organic chemistry) A polyphenol antioxidant found in many fruits and vegetables including raspberries, strawberries, cranberries, walnuts, pecans, pomegranates and other plant foods.


polyethylene terephthalate

Near-synonym: ♳

(organic chemistry) A thermoplastic resin of the polyester family used particularly in the manufacture of plastic bottles (PET) and fabrics (Terylene).


transmethylation

It was realized that direct proof of the transfer of the methyl group (transmethylation) was highly desirable.

1940 July 14, V Du Vigneaud, “The transfer of the methyl group from methionine to choline and creatine”, in The Journal of Biological Chemistry, page 787:

(organic chemistry, biochemistry) The transfer of a methyl group between molecules, especially between biological compounds such as amino acids or the components of nucleic acids.


terpyridine

en-noun

terpyridine (countable and uncountable, plural terpyridines)

(uncountable, organic chemistry) A tricyclic heterocycle consisting of three linked pyridine rings; it is a tridentate ligand

(countable, organic chemistry) Any substituted derivative of this compound


Orange GGN

(organic chemistry) An orange azo dye, 1-(m-sulfophenylazo)-2-naphthol-6-sulfonic acid, used as a food colouring


aspartate

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of aspartic acid.


pentanol

3-methylbutan-2-ol (2 stereoisomers)

(organic chemistry) Any of several isomers of the alcohol C₅H₁₁OH; the principal constituents of fusel oil.


ent-

Steviol is ent-13-hydroxykaur-16-en-19-oic acid.


indolizidine

(organic chemistry) A bicyclic heterocycle containing a six-membered ring fused to a five-membered ring, one of the bridging atoms being nitrogen; any derivative of this compound, especially several alkaloids


eosin

eosin (countable and uncountable, plural eosins)

Borrowed from German Eosin, coined by Heinrich Caro, from Ancient Greek ἠώς (ēṓs, “dawn”) + -in.

Thus the fluorescence of the familiar dye eosin can be excited quite well by ultra-violet or short-wave blue light, but is much better excited by visible green light with a wavelength close to that of the emitted radiation.

1999, Dan J. Goldstein, Understanding the Light Microscope, page 91:

Eosins are acid xanthene or phthalein dyes. Eosin Y, eosin B, phloxine and erythrosin (which unlike other eosins, is halogenated with iodine), are the common members of this group of dyes.

2000, J. Ochei, A. Kolhatkar, Medical Laboratory Science: Theory And Practice, page 450:

The hematoxylin and eosin stain (H&E) is the most widely used histological stain.

2012, John D. Bancroft, Christopher Layton, “10: The hemotoxylins and eosin”, in S. Kim Suvarna, Christopher Layton, John D. Bancroft, editors, Bancroft's Theory and Practice of Histological Techniques, 7th edition, page 173:

(organic chemistry) A red, acidic dye commonly used in histological stains.


benzenoid

(organic chemistry) Having an electronic structure analogous to that of benzene; Containing at least one benzene ring


benzenoid

(organic chemistry) A compound of this kind.


ketyl

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of organic radicals, R₂C-O^., formally derived from a ketone


cholesteric

en-adj

cholesteric (comparative more cholesteric, superlative most cholesteric)

more cholesteric (comparative)
most cholesteric (superlative)

From cholesterol, in whose crystals it was first observed, + -ic.

(organic chemistry) Relating to cholesteric acid or its derivatives


diphenol

(organic chemistry) Any compound that has two phenol groups; especially the isomeric benzenediols (catechol, resorcinol and hydroquinone).

difenolo

organic chemistry: compound with two phenol groups


benzenediol

(organic chemistry) Any of the isomeric diphenols derived from benzene (namely catechol, resorcinol and hydroquinone), or their derivatives.


haloalkane

(organic chemistry) Any alkane in which one or more hydrogen atoms has been replaced by that of a halogen


DCA

dichloroacetic acid
dichloroacetic acid#English

(organic chemistry) Initialism of dichloroacetic acid.


glyphosate

en-noun

glyphosate (countable and uncountable, plural glyphosates)

Two-thirds of Europeans support a ban on glyphosate, the most widely used agricultural chemical in the world’s history, according to a new Yougov poll.

2016 April 11, Arthur Neslen, “Two-thirds of Europeans support ban on glyphosate - poll”, in The Guardian:

France led the opposition to allowing the use of glyphosate, the main ingredient in Monsanto’s Roundup and in weed killers made by other companies.

2017 November 27, Danny Hakim, “Glyphosate, Top-Selling Weed Killer, Wins E.U. Approval for 5 Years”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

(organic chemistry) N-phosphonomethyl glycine, the active ingredient of several herbicides that inhibit a plant growth enzyme.


hydroxylation

(organic chemistry) The introduction of a hydroxyl group into a molecule, especially by the replacement of a hydrogen atom


hydroxylated

en-adj

hydroxylated (comparative more hydroxylated, superlative most hydroxylated)

more hydroxylated (comparative)
most hydroxylated (superlative)

(organic chemistry) That has been modified by hydroxylation


hydroxyurea

en-noun

hydroxyurea (usually uncountable, plural hydroxyureas)

(organic chemistry) The hydroxylated derivative of urea, NH₂CO-NHOH, used as an antineoplastic drug; any N- or O- derivative of this compound


pycnogenol

On the other hand, pycnogenols, widely found in old empirical antiscorbutic remedies, seem more appropriate...

1981, J. L. Beal, Natural products as medicinal agents:

Proanthocyanidins are included in the pycnogenols, a plant polyphenol chemical group, whose physical, chemical and biological properties have been studied in numerous works (see more especially J. Masquelier, J. Michaud, J. Laparra, and M. C. Dumon, Internat. J. Vit. Nutr. Res. 1979, 49, 307-311).

1987, Masquelier, Jack, US Patent 4,698,360 - Plant extract with a proanthocyanidins content as therapeutic agent having radical scavenger effect and use thereof:

He has found that pycnogenols not only prevent free radical damage to internal organs but also help prevent skin wrinkling.

1993, Hans J. Kugler, David Steinman, Life extenders and memory boosters!:

The second embodiment of the invention includes the pine bark extract known as proanthocyanidine, also known as pycnogenol.

1994, Lerner, Sheldon, US Patent 5,470,874 - Ascorbic acid and proanthocyanidine composition for topical application to human skin:

Masquelier (34,35) was perhaps one of the first to recognize the potential of this class of compounds, referring to them as pycnogenols or proanthocyanidols.

1997, Fereidoon Shahidi, Natural antioxidants: chemistry, health effects, and applications, page 154:

Human trials have shown that the flavonoids of pycnogenol can prevent peripheral hemorrhage, swelling of legs due to water retention, diabetic retinopathy, and high blood pressure.

1998, Joe M. Elrod, Supplements for Fibromyalgia, page 26:

As study after study has shown, nutrients such as grape seed extract and pycnogenols are great all-around helpers for capillaries, veins, and arteries.

1999, Corinne T. Netzer, Corrine T. Netzer's Big Book of Miracle Cures:

...vitamin A (2500 international units [IU]); vitamin C (250 mg); pantothenic acid (200 mg); zinc (10 mg); pycnogenols (5 mg); stinging nettle ( 1 00 mg); cayenne (20 mg).

1999, Mary Ann Liebert, Alternative & complementary therapies: volume 5:

The extent of the antioxidant potential of pycnogenol in vivo is unclear.

2001, Medical Economics Company, David Rorvik, Sheldon Saul Hendler, PDR for Nutritional Supplements, page 387:

Masquelier developed a process to extract these compounds — both from pine bark (in 1951) and from grape seeds (1970). He used the term pycnogenol to refer to this whole family of OPCs.

2004, James J. Gormley, Shari Lieberman, User's Guide to Brain-Boosting Nutrients, page 55:

As histidine decarboxylase inhibitors, pycnogenols lower the histamine level in the aortic endothelium...

2004, R. A. S. Hemat, Orthomolecularism: Principles And Practice, page 371:

This may be due to the phenomenon in which pycnogenol at high concentrations blocks the filter channels.

2005, Midori Hiramatsu, Toshikazu Yoshikawa, Lester Packer, Molecular Interventions in Lifestyle Related Diseases, page 97:

Among three fractions of pycnogenol, fraction 3 (oligomeric procyanidins) significantly enhanced the potent EDR activity.

2008, Noboru Motohashi, Bioactive Heterocycles V: Flavonoids and Anthocyanins in Plants, and Latest Bioactive Heterocycles, page 35:

(organic chemistry) Any of a group of flavonoids extracted from the bark of pine trees, especially proanthocyanidins.


quassin

quassin (countable and uncountable, plural quassins)

traditional Chinese medicine
traditional Chinese medicine

(organic chemistry) A very bitter triterpenoid lactone, extracted as white crystals from the quassia tree, used in traditional Chinese medicine


quassinoid

(organic chemistry) Any of several triterpenoids related to quassin


quebrachitol

From Spanish quebracho (“quebracho tree”) + -itol.

af

(organic chemistry) A polyhydroxy cyclic alcohol, 2-0-methyl-chiro-inositol, obtained from the latex of the rubber tree as a starting point in the synthesis of several pharmaceuticals


quinolizine

(organic chemistry) Any of several isomeric non-aromatic bicyclic heterocycles, of formula C₉H₉N, having two six-membered rings with the nitrogen atom as one of the bridge atoms; any of very many known derivatives of these compounds


quinaldine

en-noun

quinaldine (countable and uncountable, plural quinaldines)

(organic chemistry) An oily liquid, α-methylquinoline, derived from coal tar, used in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals and as a sedative for fish.


non-aromatic

(organic chemistry) Describing any polyunsaturated cyclic compound that is not aromatic


quinic acid

quinic acid (countable and uncountable, plural quinic acids)

From Spanish quina "cinchona bark" (from which it is obtained), from Quechua kina.

(organic chemistry) A white crystalline acid, tetrahydroxy-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, obtained from cinchona bark, coffee beans and yerba mate; used as an astringent, and in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals


cyclohexanone

cyclohexanone (countable and uncountable, plural cyclohexanones)

(organic chemistry) The alicyclic ketone obtained from cyclohexane by the replacement of a methylene group by a carbonyl group.


ethyl carbamate

(organic chemistry) A white crystalline substance (NH₂-COOC₂H₅), structurally it is an ester of carbamic acid.


caseinate

(organic chemistry) Any of several salts derived from casein via the coagulation of milk protein

caseinato

any of several salts derived from casein


polycatenane

(organic chemistry) Any polymer containing a number of monomers linked in the fashion of a catenane.


nepetalactone

(organic chemistry) A bicyclic monoterpenoid found in catnip.


pentachlorophenol

pentachlorophenol (countable and uncountable, plural pentachlorophenols)

(organic chemistry) A fully chlorinated derivative of phenol that is used as a fungicide and wood preservative


hexyl

(organic chemistry) Any of many isomeric univalent hydrocarbon radicals, C₆H₁₃, formally derived from hexane by the loss of a hydrogen atom


nonyl

(organic chemistry) Any of very many isomeric univalent hydrocarbon radicals, C₉H₁₉, formally derived from nonane by the loss of a hydrogen atom.


pentyl

(organic chemistry) Any of several isomeric univalent hydrocarbon radicals, C₅H₁₁, formally derived from pentane by the loss of a hydrogen atom.


octyl

(organic chemistry) Any of very many isomeric univalent hydrocarbon radicals, C₈H₁₇, formally derived from octane by the loss of a hydrogen atom


decyl

(organic chemistry) Any of very many isomeric univalent hydrocarbon radicals, C₁₀H₂₁, formally derived from decane by the loss of a hydrogen atom


acetylsalicylic

You need to take acetaminophen / Or just a little aspirin / acetylsalicylic for the pain

1997, “The Druggist”, Joel Mabus (music):

(organic chemistry) Describing any derivative of salicylic acid in which the phenolic hydroxyl has been acetylated.


aminoacyl

(organic chemistry) Any of class of organic radicals, formed by the removal of a hydroxyl group from an amino acid.


aminoacylation

aminoacyl tRNA synthetase
aminoacyl tRNA synthetase

(biochemistry, organic chemistry) The addition of an aminoacyl group to a compound, especially as part of the process of synthesizing proteins via aminoacyl tRNA synthetase

aminoacylowanie

the addition of an aminoacyl group to a compound


n-

(organic chemistry) normal-form of a functional group (or molecule), being the long-chain form (unbranched chain)


chinone

From a Latinised form of Spanish quinina (“quinine”), + -one.

(organic chemistry) Dated form of quinone.


furoate

From furoic acid + -ate (“salt or ester”).

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of furoic acid.


furoic acid

(organic chemistry) A heterocyclic carboxylic acid, furan-2-carboxylic acid, obtained by the oxidation of furfural.


hydroxymethylfurfural

(organic chemistry) A heterocyclic compound, 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furaldehyde, that is formed during the thermal decomposition of some sugars, and has potential use as a biofuel


terephthalic

(organic chemistry) Pertaining to, or derived from terephthalic acid or its derivatives


nonadecane

(organic chemistry) Any of very many isomeric saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon, C₁₉H₄₀, but especially n-nonadecane, CH₃(CH₂)₁₇CH₃


hexachlorobenzene

hexachlorobenzene (countable and uncountable, plural hexachlorobenzenes)

(organic chemistry) A polychlorinated hydrocarbon, C₆Cl₆, used as a fungicide in the treatment of bunt


terephthalate

From terephthalic acid + -ate (“salt or ester”).

af

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of terephthalic acid.


terephthalic acid

(organic chemistry) An aromatic dicarboxylic acid, benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid, used in the manufacture of polyesters


dinitroaniline

(organic chemistry) Any of three isomeric derivatives of aniline having two nitro groups replacing hydrogen atoms in the ring, but especially 2,4-dinitroaniline


pyridone

(organic chemistry) Either of two isomeric derivatives of pyridine having a carbonyl group either ortho- or para- to the nitrogen atom; in its tautomeric form, it is the pyridine analogue of phenol.


dinitro

(organic chemistry) Two nitro groups in a chemical compound


trifluralin

(organic chemistry) A fluorinated derivative of dinitroaniline, 2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)-aniline, used as a herbicide


kynurenine

en-noun

kynurenine (countable and uncountable, plural kynurenines)

(organic chemistry) A metabolite, 2-amino-4-(2-aminophenyl)- 4-oxo-butanoic acid, that is an intermediate in the conversion of tryptophan to niacin.


short-chain

(organic chemistry, of an aliphatic compound) Having a chain of fewer than about six carbon atoms.

kurzkettig

having a chain of fewer than about six carbon atoms


long-chain

(organic chemistry, of an aliphatic compound) Having a chain of more than about twelve carbon atoms.


medium-chain

(organic chemistry, of an aliphatic compound) Having a chain of between about six and twelve carbon atoms


aminobutyric

(organic chemistry) Of or pertaining to any of several isomeric univalent radicals in which a hydrogen atom of a butyric radical is replaced by an amino group.

αμινοβουτυρικός

of or pertaining to any of several isomeric univalent radicals


butyric

en-adj

butyric (comparative more butyric, superlative most butyric)

more butyric (comparative)
most butyric (superlative)

From -ic and French butyrique, -ique suffixed to Latin būtȳrum, or from the Latin or butyro- + -ic. Piecewise doublet of buttery, butter ultimately being from the Latin and -y being a doublet of -ic.

(organic chemistry) Of, pertaining to, or derived from butyric acid or any of the isomeric univalent radicals of formula C₃H₇CO₂-


glycerate

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of glyceric acid


cyclobutadiene

(organic chemistry) The unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon, C₄H₄, that is the smallest annulene.


cyclohexanol

en-noun

cyclohexanol (countable and uncountable, plural cyclohexanols)

(organic chemistry) The alicyclic alcohol derived from cyclohexane by replacement of a hydrogen atom with a hydroxyl group


PMMA

polymethyl methacrylate
polymethyl methacrylate#English

(organic chemistry) Abbreviation of polymethyl methacrylate.


thialdine

(organic chemistry) A heterocyclic base 5,6-dihydro-2,4,6-trimethyl-4H-1,3,5-dithiazine, that occurs in the aroma of cooked meat.


thialol

(obsolete, organic chemistry) diethyldisulfide (C₂H₅)₂S₂


thiacalixarene

(organic chemistry) Any of several analogs of calixarenes in which benzene rigs are connected by sulfur bridges.


thioamide

(organic chemistry) Any chemical compound, analogous to the amides in which the oxygen atom of the carbonyl group is replaced by sulfur; R-CS-NH₂ (and N-derivatives)


haloboronic acid

haloboronic acid (plural haloboronic acids)

(organic chemistry) Any of several halogenated boronic acids that are used as intermediates in the synthesis of many organic compounds


cuprate

(organic chemistry) Any organocopper compound of general formula R₂Cu.


DEM

DEM (countable and uncountable, plural DEMs)

diethyl malonate
diethyl malonate#English

(organic chemistry) Initialism of diethyl malonate.


alkanoylation

(organic chemistry) The process of adding an acyl group to a compound.

acylation

more common but less technically accurate


acylate

en-verb

acylate (third-person singular simple present acylates, present participle acylating, simple past and past participle acylated)

acylates (present singular third-person)
acylating (participle present)
acylated (participle past)
acylated (past)

(transitive, organic chemistry) To add one or more acyl groups to a compound.


adenylic acid

(organic chemistry) A nucleotide found in RNA. It is an ester of phosphoric acid with the nucleoside adenosine. It consists of a phosphate group, a pentose sugar ribose, and the nucleobase adenine.


acylated

(organic chemistry) Having an acyl functional group; modified by addition of an acyl group


sulforaphane

One of the first phytochemicals to receive media attention was sulforaphane, which is present in broccoli, cauliflower, brussel sprouts, turnips and kale. A diet rich in sulforaphane is believed to be effective in reducing the incidence of breast cancer.

1999, Alan Bryson, Healing Mind, Body & Soul: Healing The Mind And Soul, published 2000, page 100:

Sulforaphane (Figure 6.10) is a recently discovered powerful chemoprotective found in broccoli and other cruciferous vegetables.

2001, “Natural Toxins and Chemopreventives in Plants”, in William Helferich, Carl K. Winter, editors, Food Toxicology, page 154:

More importantly, in contrast to direct antioxidants that neutralize radicals on a one-for-one basis and are destroyed themselves in the process, indirect antioxidants such as sulforaphane are longer lasting, triggering an ongoing process that may continue for days after it has left the body.

2006, David E. Thurston, Chemistry and Pharmacology of Anticancer Drugs, page 258:

6 turbocharge your turkey Commit yourself to healthy, varied lunches, and start by topping your turkey club sandwich with broccoli sprouts. Compared with mature broccoli, these have up to 100 times the potent compound sulforaphane, which is shown to fight cancer.

2008 January–February, “70 Ways to Improve Every Day of the Week”, in Men's Health, volume 23, number 1, →ISSN, page 134:

(organic chemistry, medicine) An antimicrobial compound, 1-isothiocyanato-4-methylsulfinylbutane, that is found in many brassicas and exhibits anticancer activity.


chloroacetophenone

en-noun

chloroacetophenone (countable and uncountable, plural chloroacetophenones)

(organic chemistry) The chlorinated form of acetophenone, C₆H₅-CO-CH₂Cl, used as the riot control agent CN gas


acetophenone

acetophenone (countable and uncountable, plural acetophenones)

(organic chemistry) The aromatic ketone phenyl methyl ketone, used in the manufacture of very many organic compounds


lactitol

lactitol (usually uncountable, plural lactitols)

artificial sweetener
artificial sweetener

(organic chemistry) A sugar alcohol, 4-O-α-D-galactopyranosyl-D-glucitol, derived from lactulose; it is used as an artificial sweetener (E966).


lactulose

lactulose (countable and uncountable, plural lactuloses)

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A synthetic disaccharide C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ consisting of galactose and fructose units, used as a laxative for chronic constipation and as an acidifier to reduce blood ammonia levels causing neurological symptoms in advanced liver disease. It is used in solution for oral or rectal administration.


quinotoxine

(organic chemistry) A derivative of quinine that has a historical importance in the synthesis of the drug


beetroot red

(organic chemistry) A glycoside obtained from beets and used as a food dye, also known as betanin and E162.


azole

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of five-membered unsaturated heterocycles having three carbon atoms, one nitrogen atom and two double bonds


tholin

→ French: tholin

French: tholine

From Ancient Greek θολός (tholós, “muddy”) + -in. Coined by Carl Sagan and Bishun Khare in 1979. From the muddy coloration that this class of chemical compounds appear to have, when observed on the Saturnian moon Titan, and from Miller–Urey-style experiments.

suffix

(organic chemistry, astronomy) Any of several poorly classified heteropolymers derived from simple hydrocarbons and ammonia formed by solar irradiation in the atmospheres of icy planets and moons.


tetraethoxysilane

(organic chemistry) The compound (C₂H₅O)₄Si; it is used in silicon dioxide vapour deposition, and in the waterproofing of stone


barbituric

From German Barbiturat. Perhaps from the name Barbara, or perhaps from Latin. The second element is uric.

(organic chemistry) Of or pertaining to barbituric acid or its derivatives.


formose

Blend of formaldehyde + aldose. May be decomposed as form- + -ose

formose reaction
formose reaction#English

(organic chemistry) Pertaining to the formose reaction (“Butlerov reaction”)


formylated

en-adj

formylated (comparative more formylated, superlative most formylated)

more formylated (comparative)
most formylated (superlative)

(organic chemistry) That has had one or more formyl groups added


deaminated

deaminated (comparative more deaminated, superlative most deaminated)

more deaminated (comparative)
most deaminated (superlative)

(organic chemistry) That has had one or more amino groups removed


formyl methionine

(organic chemistry) The formylated form of the amino acid methionine; it initiates peptide synthesis in bacteria


deaminate

en-verb

deaminate (third-person singular simple present deaminates, present participle deaminating, simple past and past participle deaminated)

deaminates (present singular third-person)
deaminating (participle present)
deaminated (participle past)
deaminated (past)

(organic chemistry, biochemistry, transitive) To remove an amino group from (a compound), especially by the use of a deaminase enzyme.


formyl

Formed from the root of Latin formīca (“ant”) + -yl

(organic chemistry) The univalent radical -CHO, derived from formaldehyde, that is characteristic of aldehydes


indican

en-noun

indican (usually uncountable, plural indicans)

(organic chemistry) A glucoside obtained from woad and other plants, the source of natural indigo.

(organic chemistry) An indigo-forming substance found in urine and other animal fluids, and convertible into red and blue indigo (urrhodin and uroglaucin); an indoxyl sulphate of potash.


cypionic acid

(organic chemistry) 3-cyclopentylpropionic acid


cypionate

cypionate (countable and uncountable, plural cypionates)

From cypionic acid + -ate (“salt or ester”).

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of cypionic acid.


cyclopentyl

(organic chemistry) The univalent radical derived from cyclopentane by the formal removal of a hydrogen atom.


farnesol

farnesol (countable and uncountable, plural farnesols)

From Farnese + ol. Ultimately, from Farnese acacia, its original plant source.

(organic chemistry) A sesquiterpene alcohol that is present in many essential oils and is involved in the biosynthesis of cholesterol


benzamidine

benzamidine (countable and uncountable, plural benzamidines)

(organic chemistry) An aromatic amidine, C₆H₅C(NH)NH₂, that is used in protein crystallography


phenylmethylsulfonyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The univalent radical formed by the attachment of a sulfonyl group to methylbenzene (toluene)


paraformaldehyde

paraformaldehyde (countable and uncountable, plural paraformaldehydes)

(organic chemistry) A solid oligomer of formaldehyde that is used as a fumigant, and as a fixative in histology


iodoacetamide

iodoacetamide (countable and uncountable, plural iodoacetamides)

(organic chemistry) The halogenated derivative of acetamide, CH₂I-CO-NH₂, that is used, in peptide mapping, to bind to cysteine


palmitoylation

(organic chemistry) modification by reaction with a palmitoyl group


tosyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) toluenesulfonyl, phenylmethylsulfonyl


trifluoro

(organic chemistry, in combination) Three fluorine atoms in a molecule.


tribromo

(organic chemistry) (in combination) Three bromine atoms in a molecule.


triiodo

(organic chemistry, in combination) Three iodine atoms in a molecule.


dicarboxylate

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of a dicarboxylic acid, but especially any of such compounds (such as glutamates) that have biological activity


vaccenyl

(organic chemistry) The univalent radical, octadec-11-enyl, found in compounds related to vaccenic acid.


ornithine

ornithine (countable and uncountable, plural ornithines)

(biochemistry, organic chemistry) An amino acid, 2,5-diaminopentanoic acid, that is not present in protein, but is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of urea.


vaccenyl acetate

(organic chemistry) A mating pheromone specific to male fruit flies


vaccenic acid

unsaturated fatty acid
unsaturated fatty acid

(organic chemistry) the unsaturated fatty acid octadec-11-enoic acid found in the fat of dairy products


pteroylglutamic acid

(biochemistry, organic chemistry, dated) folic acid, a polycyclic heterocyclic carboxylic acid of the vitamin B complex, essential for cell growth and reproduction.


pterin

pterin (countable and uncountable, plural pterins)

From Greek: πτερόν (pteron) = wing (because it was first found in butterfly wings).

(organic chemistry) A ketonic amide derivative of pteridine responsible for some of the colouring in nature. It is also a component of folic acid.


benzylidene

(organic chemistry) The bivalent aromatic radical C₆H₅-CH=.


ethiodide

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of compounds, of general formula R₂C(C₂H₅)I, formed by the reaction of ethyl iodide with an aldehyde or ketone


methiodide

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of compounds, of general formula R₂C(CH₃)I, formed by the reaction of methyl iodide with an aldehyde or ketone


diphenylmethane

(organic chemistry) The aromatic hydrocarbon (C₆H₅)₂CH₂; it is an intermediate in the synthesis of many other compounds


iodoethane

(organic chemistry) The aliphatic halogenated hydrocarbon C₂H₅I that is used in organic synthesis to introduce an ethyl group into compounds


glucofuranose

(organic chemistry) The cyclic form of glucose that has a furan ring structure


monoacetone

(organic chemistry, in combination) A single acetone substituent in another compound, especially in a sugar derivative


diacetone

(organic chemistry, in combination) Two acetone substituents in another compound, especially in a sugar derivative


phenone

(organic chemistry, in combination) Any aromatic ketone containing a phenyl group directly attached to the carbonyl group


iodomethane

iodomethane (countable and uncountable, plural iodomethanes)

(organic chemistry) The aliphatic halogenated hydrocarbon with chemical formula CH₃I, used in organic synthesis to introduce a methyl group into compounds.

(organic chemistry) A derivative of iodomethane.


alkylate

en-verb

alkylate (third-person singular simple present alkylates, present participle alkylating, simple past and past participle alkylated)

alkylates (present singular third-person)
alkylating (participle present)
alkylated (participle past)
alkylated (past)

(organic chemistry) To add one or more alkyl groups to a compound, especially by reacting with an alkylating agent


acridine

en-noun

acridine (countable and uncountable, plural acridines)

(uncountable, organic chemistry) A tricyclic aromatic heterocycle, dibenzopyridine, obtained from coal tar; it is used in the manufacture of dyes and drugs

吖啶

tricyclic aromatic heterocycle obtained from coal tar

(countable, organic chemistry) Any of many derivatives of this compound


diethanolamine

diethanolamine (countable and uncountable, plural diethanolamines)

(organic chemistry) A hydroxy secondary amine, (HO-CH₂-CH₂)₂NH, used as a chemical intermediate and to absorb acidic gases.


benzonaphthothiophene

(organic chemistry) A polycyclic heterocycle, containing a thiophene ring linked to that of benzene and naphthalene, found in crude oils


asphaltene

In the deasphalter the more polar asphaltenes form a second liquid phase which effectively agglomerates the solids in the oil feed.

1979, Perry Nowacki, Coal liquefaction processes - Volume 131, page 157:

(organic chemistry) Any of the dark organic constituents of crude oils and bitumen that are soluble in aromatic solvents but not in aliphatic ones; they are polycyclic aromatic compounds (composed of fused benzene rings) with aliphatic side chains


benzenic

(organic chemistry) Containing one or more benzene ring.


benzoquinoline

(organic chemistry) Either of two isomeric compounds (5,6-benzoquinoline and 7,8-benzoquinoline) in which a benzene ring is fused to that of a quinoline molecule; their derivatives are used in the preparation of pharmaceuticals and dyes atc


carbenium

(organic chemistry, informal) Any carbocation, but especially methylium


benzothiophene

benzothiophene (countable and uncountable, plural benzothiophenes)

(organic chemistry) A bicyclic aromatic heterocycle in which a benzene ring is fused to that of a thiophene molecule; it occurs in some coal tars and is used in the synthesis of other compounds.


chrysene

chrysene (countable and uncountable, plural chrysenes)

(organic chemistry) A polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, 1,2-benzphenanthrene, containing four fused benzene rings


cyclohexylbenzene

(organic chemistry) The bicyclic hydrocarbon formed by directly linking a cyclohexane and benzene ring; it is used in the manufacture of drugs and many other compounds


cyclobutyl

(organic chemistry) The univalent radical derived from cyclobutane by the formal removal of a hydrogen atom


cyclopropyl

(organic chemistry) The univalent radical derived from cyclopropane by the formal removal of a hydrogen atom


dealkylate

en-verb

dealkylate (third-person singular simple present dealkylates, present participle dealkylating, simple past and past participle dealkylated)

dealkylates (present singular third-person)
dealkylating (participle present)
dealkylated (participle past)
dealkylated (past)

(organic chemistry, transitive) To remove alkyl groups from (a compound), especially as part of the oil refining process.


dealkylation

[diːæɫkɪˈleɪʃən]

(organic chemistry) The removal of alkyl groups from a compound


dearomatization

/diːəˌɹəʊmətaɪˈzeɪʃən/

(organic chemistry) The removal of aromatic compounds from a mixture, especially as part of the oil refining process


dibenzofuran

(organic chemistry) The tricyclic heterocycle in which two benzene rings are fused to that of furan; any of its derivatives, especially the halogenated derivatives that are similar to dioxins


decahydroquinoline

(organic chemistry) The bicyclic amine formally obtained by the hydrogenation of quinoline; any of its derivatives that occur naturally as alkaloids


dibenzothiophene

(organic chemistry) The tricyclic heterocycle in which two benzene rings are fused to that of thiophene; any of its derivatives, especially those that occur in crude oil


cyclohexyl

(organic chemistry) The univalent radical derived from cyclohexane by the formal removal of a hydrogen atom.


dicoronylene

(organic chemistry) A polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, consisting of two molecules of coronene fused together, that is a byproduct of the hydrocracking of petroleum


diethylaniline

en-noun

diethylaniline (countable and uncountable, plural diethylanilines)

(organic chemistry) The tertiary amine C₆H₅N(CH₃CH₂)₂, that has many industrial uses.


dihydrophenanthrene

dihydrophenanthrene (countable and uncountable, plural dihydrophenanthrenes)

(organic chemistry) The dihydrogenated product of phenanthrene, 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene, that is formed during oil refining


dimethyldisulfide

(organic chemistry) The aliphatic compound (CH₃CH₂S)₂ found in crude oil and in brassicas; it has a hemolytic action


diolefin

(organic chemistry) An olefin that has two double bonds; a diene


coronene

coronene (countable and uncountable, plural coronenes)

graphene

a large flat sheet composed of fused benzene rings

benzene

the benzoid molecule that would fill the hollow center of coronene

kekulene

the benzoid molecule that would encompass coronene, as its hollow center

circumcoronene

the benzoid molecule that would result if coronene were wrapped by another complete ring of fused benzene rings

(organic chemistry) A polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon consisting of six benzene rings fused together into a ring, with the molecular formula C₂₄H₁₂.


ethylaniline

(organic chemistry) The secondary amine C₆H₅NHCH₂CH₃ that is used as an explosive stabilizer and in the manufacture of dyes


etherification

etherification (countable and uncountable, plural etherifications)

The particular kind of tritorium which facilitated the etherification of phosphoric acid, and is applicable to many other chemical operations, affords the means of practising the operation just now proposed, as follows.

1809, Mr. Boullay, “On Sulphuric Ether, and on the Preparation of it”, in The Repertory Of Arts And Manufactures:

(organic chemistry) The process of making an ether, especially the removal of alcohols from petroleum products by reacting with sulfuric acid.


etioporphyrin

(organic chemistry) Any of several isomeric forms of a synthetic porphyrin that has a methyl and an ethyl group on each pyrrole ring


ethylbenzene

ethylbenzene (countable and uncountable, plural ethylbenzenes)

(organic chemistry) The hydrocarbon C₆H₅-CH₂CH₃ that is used in the production of styrene


heptamethyl

(organic chemistry, in combination) Seven methyl groups in a compound


heteroatomic

(organic chemistry) Of, pertaining to or containing a heteroatom.


hydrocracker

chemical engineering
chemical engineering

(organic chemistry) A chemical engineering plant in which hydrocracking takes place.


hydroconversion

(organic chemistry) A form of hydrocracking in which hydrogenation and cracking occur simultaneously


hydrocrack

en-verb

hydrocrack (third-person singular simple present hydrocracks, present participle hydrocracking, simple past and past participle hydrocracked)

hydrocracks (present singular third-person)
hydrocracking (participle present)
hydrocracked (participle past)
hydrocracked (past)

(organic chemistry) To convert hydrocarbons by hydrocracking


heteroring

(organic chemistry) A heterocyclic ring, especially in a compound that also contains one or more benzene ring


fluoranthene

polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon

(organic chemistry) A polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon consisting of a benzene ring attached to each of the rings of a naphthalene molecule; it is carcinogenic, and is a product of incomplete combustion


heptamethylnonane

(organic chemistry) The aliphatic hydrocarbon with the assigned cetane number of zero.


fluorene

light-emitting diode
light-emitting diode

(organic chemistry) A polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon consisting of two benzene rings joined together directly, and also via a methylene bridge; it is used in light-emitting diodes.


hydrodemetalation

(organic chemistry) The reaction of a metal hydride with an olefin to form an organometallic compound


indeno

(organic chemistry, in combination) An indane group of rings fused with some other compound


maltene

(organic chemistry) The oily, resinous component of asphalt that remains when the asphaltenes are removed.


isoparaffin

(organic chemistry) Any branched-chain isomer of a straight-chain alkane


indane

en-noun

indane (countable and uncountable, plural indanes)

(organic chemistry, petrochemistry) A bicyclic hydrocarbon consisting of a benzene ring fused to that of cyclopentane; it, and its derivatives, are found in petroleum


hydroisomerize

en-verb

hydroisomerize (third-person singular simple present hydroisomerizes, present participle hydroisomerizing, simple past and past participle hydroisomerized)

hydroisomerizes (present singular third-person)
hydroisomerizing (participle present)
hydroisomerized (participle past)
hydroisomerized (past)

(organic chemistry) To isomerize alkane hydrocarbons via an intermediate alkene; used especially in oil refining


naphthyl

(organic chemistry) Either of two isomeric univalent radicals formally derived from naphthalene by removal of a hydrogen atom


hydroisomerization

(organic chemistry) The isomerization of alkane hydrocarbons via an intermediate alkene; used especially in oil refining


naphthenate

From naphthenic acid + -ate (“salt or ester”).

af

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of naphthenic acid.


naphthylamine

en-noun

naphthylamine (countable and uncountable, plural naphthylamines)

(organic chemistry) Either of two isomeric primary amines derived from naphthalene; they occur in crude oil, and are used in the preparation of dyes and other compounds


indoline

(organic chemistry) A bicyclic secondary amine consisting of a benzene ring fused to a pyrrolidine one


organonitrogen

(organic chemistry) Describing any compound in which an organic group is directly linked to a nitrogen atom


organonitrogen

(organic chemistry) Any organic compound containing nitrogen


straight-chain

(organic chemistry) Describing any aliphatic compound that contains a chain of carbon atoms all of which are connected to either one or two others.


ovalene

(organic chemistry) A polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon containing eight fused benzene rings.


naphthol

naphthol (countable and uncountable, plural naphthols)

(organic chemistry) Either of two isomeric phenols derived from naphthalene; they are used in the preparation of dyes and many other compounds


isoquinoline

(organic chemistry) An isomer of quinoline, many of whose derivatives occur as alkaloids and are synthesized for use as dyes, pharmaceuticals etc.


pentaphene

(organic chemistry) A polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with five fused benzene rings.


phenanthridine

(organic chemistry) A tricyclic aromatic heterocycle formally derived from phenanthrene by substituting a nitrogen atom for a CH group in the central ring


piperidine

piperidine (countable and uncountable, plural piperidines)

(organic chemistry) An alicyclic heterocycle, containing 5 carbon atoms and one nitrogen atom, formally derived by the hydrogenation of pyridine; many of its derivatives are alkaloids or pharmaceuticals


tetrahydrothiophene

(organic chemistry) A saturated, five-membered heterocycle containing one atom of sulfur; it is added to natural gas to provide it with a detectable smell.


tetralin

tetralin (countable and uncountable, plural tetralins)

(organic chemistry) The bicyclic hydrocarbon 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene; it is used as an industrial solvent.


trimethylpentane

(organic chemistry) Any of several isomers of octane having three methyl groups attached to a pentane chain; especially isooctane, used as a standard for octane number


trifunctional

Sequential living polymerizations of hydrophilic and hydrophobic vinyl ethers from these trifunctional initiators give amphiphilic triarmed block copolymers where the hydrophilic segments may be placed either inner or outer layer of the three arms.

1997, Hatada, Macromolecular Design of Polymeric Materials, →ISBN, page 45:

(organic chemistry) Having three functional groups


isomerate

From isomer + -ate (noun-forming suffix).

(organic chemistry) The product of an isomerization reaction, but especially a higher-octane petroleum produced by isomerizing simple alkanes.


unsaturate

(organic chemistry) Any unsaturated compound, but especially an unsaturated hydrocarbon in the oil refining industry


alkanoic

(organic chemistry) Describing any simple aliphatic carboxylic acid, especially a fatty acid


hexatriacontane

(organic chemistry) Any of innumerable isomers of the saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon C₃₆H₇₄, having thirty-six carbon atoms; but especially the straight-chain isomer that is used in solid-state applications.


hexamethylene

(organic chemistry) The divalent radical obtained by removing a hydrogen atom from each end of a n-hexane molecule


glyceryl

(organic chemistry) Either of the univalent, divalent or trivalent radicals derived from glycerol by removing hydrogen atoms from one, two or three hydroxyl groups


diphosphonate

(organic chemistry) Any compound (especially a class of drugs) having two phosphonate groups


dicarboxylic

(organic chemistry) Having two carboxylic groups


glycyl

(organic chemistry) The univalent radical obtained by removal of a hydrogen atom from the carboxylic acid group of glycine.


aspartyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The univalent radical obtained by removal of a hydrogen atom from the carboxylic acid group of aspartic acid


hydrocarboxylic

(organic chemistry) Describing a carboxylic acid that has at least one hydroxyl group


glutamic

(organic chemistry) Of, pertaining to, or derived from glutamic acid


benzamide

(organic chemistry) The amide of benzoic acid or any of its derivatives; several of its derivatives are pharmaceuticals


acetamido

(organic chemistry) The univalent radical derived from acetamide


tetramine

hexamethylene tetramine
hexamethylene tetramine

(organic chemistry) Any amine having four amino groups, but especially hexamethylene tetramine


indophenol

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of blue or green dyes produced by oxidation of phenols and aromatic diamines


hexamethylene tetramine

(organic chemistry) The amine (CH₂)₆(NH₂)₄, that is used as a chelating agent


triphenylphosphine

(organic chemistry) The aromatic compound (C₆H₅)₃P, that is used in the synthesis of organic and organometallic compounds


perylene

(organic chemistry) A polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon consisting of two molecules of naphthalene fused together; it is used in light-emitting diodes.


phenate

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of phenol (when considered as an acid)


trihalomethane

(organic chemistry) Any of many halogenated derivatives of methane containing three (not always the same) halogen atoms; many are environmental pollutants


biuret

(organic chemistry) The compound formed by condensation of two molecules of urea with the loss of a molecule of ammonia, (NH₂-CO)₂NH or any of its derivatives.

(organic chemistry) A compound with the chemical formula C₂H₅N₃O₂, found as an impurity in urea-based fertilizers.


succinic

(organic chemistry) Of or pertaining to succinic acid


iminodiethanol

(organic chemistry) The compound diethanolamine.


palmitic

From palm + -ite + -ic. From French palmite (“pith of the palm tree”) (palme+-ite). From Spanish palmito (“heart of palm”) (palma+-ito). From Latin palma (“palm tree”).

der

(organic chemistry) Of, pertaining to, or derived from palmitic acid.


acrylaldehyde

(organic chemistry) The unsaturated aldehyde acrolein


acetaldoxime

(organic chemistry) Either of two isomeric forms of the oxime, CH₃-CH=N-OH, formally derived from acetic acid


adipoyl

(organic chemistry) The divalent radical obtained by removing the two hydroxyl groups of adipic acid


alkylnitrate

(organic chemistry) Any aliphatic nitrate


acryloyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The univalent radical CH₂=CH-CO- derived from acrylic acid; 2-propenoyl


alkylphosphine

(organic chemistry) Any aliphatic phosphine


alkylborane

(organic chemistry) Any aliphatic organoborane.


alkylstibine

(organic chemistry) Any aliphatic organostibine


acetoacetate

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of acetoacetic acid


alkanethiol

(organic chemistry) Any simple aliphatic thiol.


alkylbenzoic

(organic chemistry) Describing any alkyl substituted derivative of benzoic acid


abietate

From abietic + -ate (a chemical compound).

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of abietic acid; resinate.


organosilane

(organic chemistry) Any organic derivative of a silane containing at least one carbon to silicon bond


alkylurea

(organic chemistry) Any aliphatic derivative of urea


alkylmetal

(organic chemistry) Any aliphatic organometallic compound.


organostibine

(organic chemistry) Any organic derivative of stibine having at lease one carbon to antimony bond


alkylsilane

(organic chemistry) Any aliphatic organosilane


amidoxime

(organic chemistry) Any oxime in which one of the substituents (R') is an amino group

amidoxim

any oxime in which one of the substituents (R') is an amino group


acetoxy

(organic chemistry) The univalent radical, CH₃-COO-, derived from acetic acid by loss of a hydrogen atom

acetóxi

univalent radical derived from acetic acid by loss of a hydrogen atom


aminium

(organic chemistry) Any cation formed by protonating an amine


acetylenic

(organic chemistry) Of or pertaining to acetylene or its derivatives; having a carbon-to-carbon triple bond


acetylacetone

(organic chemistry) The diketone CH₃COCH₂COCH₃ used as a solvent and as a coordination ligand

乙酰丙酮

a diketone used as a solvent and as a coordination ligand


alkanol

(organic chemistry) Any simple aliphatic alcohol.


amination

en-noun

amination (countable and uncountable, plural aminations)

(organic chemistry) The introduction of one or more amino groups into a compound.


acetoacetic acid

(organic chemistry) The ketonic carboxylic acid CH₃-CO-CH₂-COOH, that is present in the urine of people suffering from starvation or some forms of diabetes.


adipate

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of adipic acid


alkenyl

(organic chemistry) Of, pertaining to, or derived from an alkene


alkenyl

(organic chemistry) Any univalent radical derived from an alkene


alkylammonium

(organic chemistry) Any aliphatic ammonium cation


allylamine

The formation of this substance, which we propose to designate allylamine, is perfectly analogous to the production of ethylamine by means of cyanate of ethyl.

1857 June 18, Augustus William Hofmann, “Researches on a New Class of Alcohols”, in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, page 567:

Because the sequela of allylamine cardiac toxicity was believed to involve myocardial ischemia due to lesions in the cardiac vasculature, attention has focused on its effects on the aorta and coronary arteries.

1991, Steven I. Baskin, Principles of Cardiac Toxicology, page 54:

Late metals, on the other hand, have been used to cleave the C-N bonds of allylamines.

2002, Robert A. Sánchez-Delgado, Organometallic Modeling of the Hydrodesulfurization and Hydrodenitrogenation Reactions:

(organic chemistry) The unsaturated primary amine CH₂=CH-CH₂-NH₂ or any of its derivatives


aminoethanol

aminoethanol (countable and uncountable, plural aminoethanols)

(organic chemistry) The amino alcohol ethanolamine; any of its N-derivatives


aminoethyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The univalent radical NH₂CH₂CH₂- derived from ethylamine


aminoethoxy

(organic chemistry) The univalent radical NH₂CH₂CH₂O- derived from ethanolamine


aminoethoxy

(organic chemistry) Describing any compound derived from this radical


methanolamine

(organic chemistry) The simplest amino alcohol NH₂CH₂OH


aminomethoxy

(organic chemistry) The univalent radical NH₂CH₂O- derived from methanolamine


aminomethyl

(organic chemistry) The univalent radical NH₂CH₂- derived from methylamine


ethoxy

(organic chemistry) The univalent radical CH₃CH₂O- derived from ethanol


aminopropyl

(organic chemistry) The univalent radical NH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂- derived from propylamine


aminophenol

aminophenol (countable and uncountable, plural aminophenols)

(organic chemistry) Any of three isomeric amino derivatives of phenol; hydroxyaniline.

(organic chemistry) Any amino derivative of a phenol.


ammonolysis

ammonolysis (countable and uncountable, plural ammonolyses)

(inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry) Any reaction with ammonia, analogous to hydrolysis, in which a bond is broken and an NH₂ group is appended to one fragment


propylamine

(organic chemistry) Either of two amines derived from propane, but especially the primary amine CH₃CH₂CH₂NH₂


anilinium

(organic chemistry) The cation formed by protonating the amino group of aniline


anisaldehyde

(organic chemistry) The aromatic aldehyde 4-methoxybenzaldehyde that has a strong aroma or anise or licorice; it is used in flavourings and in organic synthesis


anisidine

(organic chemistry) Any of three three isomeric forms of the aromatic amine methoxyaniline; they are toxic, and are used in the synthesis of azo dyes and pharmaceuticals

anisidina

any of three isomeric forms of methoxyaniline


anisoyl

(organic chemistry) Any of three isomeric univalent radicals derived from anisic acid


anisic acid

(organic chemistry) Any of three isomeric aromatic carboxylic acid methoxybenzoic acid found in anise; they are mildly antiseptic


anisyl

(organic chemistry) noun Any of three isomeric univalent radicals, o-, m-, or p-methoxyphenyl, CH₃O-C₆H₄-, derived from anisole. adj. bearing one of these radicals.


anisole

(organic chemistry) The aromatic ether methoxybenzene; it is used in perfumery and in organic synthesis; any derivative of this compound


anthranilate

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of anthranilic acid


annulation

From Latin annulātus + -ation. Compare French annulation. Piecewise doublet of annullation.

(organic chemistry) Any reaction that forms a ring of atoms


crenic acid

(organic chemistry) Any of a group of poorly characterized acids found in humus

acido crenico

any of a group of poorly characterized acids found in humus


phylloxanthin

(obsolete, organic chemistry) xanthophyll.

(obsolete, organic chemistry) A yellow pigment obtained by degradation of chlorophyll.


glucosinolate

Glucosinolates are a group of plant thioglucosides found principally among members of the Cruciferae.

1991, Alan J. Duncan, “Chapter 6: Glucosinolates”, in J. P. Felix D'Mello, C. M. Duffus, John H. Duffus, editors, Toxic Substances in Crop Plants, page 126:

Intakes of indoles or their parental glucosinolates, may have beneficial health effects as well as toxicological effects.

1999, Lars Ove Dragsted, Naturally Occurring Antitumourigens, page 41:

Sulphur availability has a larger effect on the content of glucosinolates, sulphur containing secondary metabolites, in both the vegetation and the seed of oilseed rape plant.

2003, K. C. Walker, E. J. Booth, “Sulphur Nutrition and Oilseed Quality”, in Y.P. Abrol, A. Ahmad, editors, Sulphur in Plants, page 323:

(organic chemistry, biochemistry) Any glycosinolate in which the sugar component is glucose.


anthranilic

(organic chemistry) Of or pertaining to anthranilic acid or its derivatives

antranílico

of or pertaining to anthranilic acid or its derivatives


arsenobenzene

(organic chemistry) The aromatic derivative of arsenic C₆H₅-As=As-C₆H₅, whose derivatives include some pharmaceuticals


arachidonate

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of arachidonic acid.


arylhydrazine

(organic chemistry) Any derivative of hydrazine having an aryl group directly attached to one of its nitrogen atoms


arylmetal

(organic chemistry) Describing any organometallic compound that has at least one aryl group directly attached to a metal atom


aryloxy

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) Any univalent radical of the form Ar-O- where Ar is an aryl group


arylhydroxylamine

(organic chemistry) Any derivative of hydroxylamine having an aryl group directly attached to its nitrogen atom


azadiphosphole

(organic chemistry) Any of several isomeric five-membered heterocycles having one nitrogen atom, two phosphorus atoms and two double bonds.


azatricyclo

(organic chemistry, in combination) Describing any polycyclic heterocycle in which one nitrogen atom is simultaneously part of three different rings


arylamine

(organic chemistry) Any amine having at least one aryl group attached to the nitrogen atom.

arilamina

any amine having at least one aryl group attached to the nitrogen atom


azirino

(organic chemistry, in combination) The univalent radical derived from azirine


azelaic

From azo + Ancient Greek ἔλαιον (élaion, “olive tree”) + -ic.

uder

(organic chemistry) Of or pertaining to azelaic acid or its derivatives


azonitrile

(organic chemistry) Any azo compound that also contains a nitrile group in close proximity


azirine

(organic chemistry) An unsaturated heterocycle containing two carbon atoms and one nitrogen atom


azomethane

(organic chemistry) The simplest azo compound CH₃-N=N-CH₃; dimethyldiazene


azelaic acid

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) An aliphatic dicarboxylic acid found in many cereals; it has an antibacterial action and is used in skin creams etc; HOOC(CH₂)₇COOH.


azetidine

(organic chemistry) A saturated heterocycle containing three carbon atoms and one nitrogen atom


iodoxol

(organic chemistry) A five-membered saturated heterocycle containing three carbon atoms, an oxygen atom and a hypervalent iodine atom; its derivatives (especially the benziodoxols) are used as pharmaceuticals etc


benziodoxol

(organic chemistry) The bicyclic heterocycle having a benzene ring fused with that of iodoxol; its derivatives are used as pharmaceuticals etc


benzanthrone

(organic chemistry) A polycyclic aromatic ketone, 7-oxobenz(de)anthracene, that is used in the manufacture of anthraquinone dyes


azoxy

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The divalent functional group of general formula R-N=NO-R^'; such compounds are considered the oxides of azo compounds.


benzimidazole

(organic chemistry) A bicyclic heterocycle containing a benzene ring fused to that of imidazole; it is used as a pesticide


benzidine

(organic chemistry) The aromatic diamine 4,4'-diaminobiphenyl that is used in testing for cyanide, and for traces of blood


benzimidazolium

(organic chemistry) The cation formed by protonating benzimidazole; its salts have biological activity


benzonitrile

From benzo- + nitrile. Discovered and named by by Hermann Fehling in 1844. This was the first compound to be named ending in "nitrile" which then became the suffix for other compounds with a similar group.

(organic chemistry) The aromatic nitrile C₆H₅-CN; it is used as a solvent and has many industrial applications


benzvalene

(organic chemistry) A highly reactive tricyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon, tricyclo[3.1-0.0^(2,6)]hex-3-ene, that is a valence isomer of benzene


benzylamine

(organic chemistry) The aromatic primary amine C₆H₅-CH₂-NH₂ or its derivatives


bicyclo

(organic chemistry, in combination) A radical having two rings (either fused, or having a common bridgehead atom)


boranamine

(inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry) Any of several compounds containing a boron to nitrogen bond


bipyridine

(organic chemistry) Any of six isomeric bicyclic heterocycles consisting of two pyridine molecules directly linked; their derivatives have many industrial applications.


bromoacetate

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of bromoacetic acid


bromoacetone

en-noun

bromoacetone (usually uncountable, plural bromoacetones)

(organic chemistry) The brominated derivative of acetone CH₃-CO-CH₂Br, once used as a lachrymatory agent


bromoacetic acid

(organic chemistry) The brominated derivative of acetic acid CH₂Br-COOH that is used in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals etc.


bromobutane

(organic chemistry) Any of several brominated derivatives of butane that are used, via Grignard reagents, in organic synthesis


bromochloromethane

bromochloromethane (countable and uncountable, plural bromochloromethanes)

(organic chemistry) The halogenated hydrocarbon CH₂BrCl once used in fire extinguishers.


bromobenzene

bromobenzene (countable and uncountable, plural bromobenzenes)

(organic chemistry) The brominated derivative of benzene C₆H₅Br that is used as a solvent and, via Grignard reagents, to manufacture pharmaceuticals etc.


bromoethane

(organic chemistry) The brominated derivative of ethane CH₃-CH₂Br used, via Grignard reagents in organic synthesis


bromoketone

(organic chemistry) Any brominated derivative of a ketone


fluoroform

(organic chemistry) The haloform CHF₃ that is the fluorine analogue of chloroform


bromothymol

(organic chemistry) A brominated derivative of thymol that is formally part of the structure of the dye bromothymol blue


bromotrifluoroethylene

(organic chemistry) The halogenated hydrocarbon BrFC=CF₂ once used as a refrigerant


bromotrifluoromethane

(organic chemistry) The halogenated hydrocarbon CBrF₃ once used in fire extinguishers


butenyl

(organic chemistry) Any of several isomeric univalent radicals derived from butene; but especially crotyl


butadiyne

butadiyne (countable and uncountable, plural butadiynes)


butadiynyl

(organic chemistry) The univalent radical HC≡C-C≡C- derived from butadiyne


butenoate

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of butenoic acid; crotonate


butyraldehyde

butyraldehyde (countable and uncountable, plural butyraldehydes)

(organic chemistry) The aliphatic aldehyde CH₃-CH₂-CH₂-CHO derived from butane


butanoic

(organic chemistry) Of or pertaining to butanoic acid or its derivatives


butanoic acid

(organic chemistry) The chemical compound with the formula CH₃(CH₂)₂COOH, a short chain fatty acid; its glyceride is one of the principle components of the flavor of butter.


crotyl

(organic chemistry) The univalent radical (cis- or trans-) CH₃-CH=CH-CH₂-


bromomethane

bromomethane (countable and uncountable, plural bromomethanes)

(organic chemistry) The brominated hydrocarbon CH₃Br, used as a soil sterilant and pesticide. Formed in a substitution reaction between methane and bromine (often in the form of bromine water).


crotonaldehyde

(organic chemistry) The unsaturated aliphatic aldehyde CH₃-CH=CH-CHO that is used in organic synthesis


-oic

(organic chemistry) used to form the names of carboxylic groups and acids


bromothymol blue

(organic chemistry) A dye, 4,4'-(3H-2,1 benzoxathiol-3-ylidene) bis [2 bromo-3-methyl-6-(1-methylethyl)phenol] S,S-dioxide, which is used as an acid-base indicator


butyl alcohol

(organic chemistry) Any of four isomeric aliphatic alcohols derived from butane; butanol


bromoform

bromoform (usually uncountable, plural bromoforms)

(organic chemistry) The haloform CHBr₃, a very heavy liquid that is the bromine analogue of chloroform.


butylammonium

(organic chemistry) Any cation obtained by the protonation of a butylamine


butylamine

(organic chemistry) Any of four isomeric aliphatic amines derived from butane


butylbenzene

(organic chemistry) Any of the isomeric hydrocarbons obtained by replacing one hydrogen atom of a benzene molecule with a butyl group; several of their derivatives are used as insecticides


butoxide

(organic chemistry) Any salt of a butyl alcohol.


butyramide

(organic chemistry) An amide of butyric acid


butylene

(organic chemistry) Any of three isomeric aliphatic alkenes containing four carbon atoms and one double bond; their polymers are used as synthetic rubber.


butyne

(organic chemistry) Either of two isomeric acetylenes containing four carbon atoms and a triple bond, with the empirical formula (C₄H₆)


carbamoyl

(organic chemistry) The univalent radical NH₂-CO- derived from urea by loss of an amino group


butyrate

It is butyrate, however, which is the fatty acid of most importance to the colonic epithelial cell. Apart from being an important respiratory fuel for the colonocyte, butyrate has remarkably diverse properties in a wide range of cells.

1995, M. C. L. Pitcher, J. H. Cummings, “62: Colonic fermentation, sulphur metabolism and ulcerative colitis”, in Guido Tytgat, J. F. W. M. Bartelsman, S. J. H. van Deventer, editors, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, page 532:

Another question to be raised is the possible use of butyrate in the lipogenic pathway. Even though the carbons from butyrate could be incorporated into lipid extracts [12], this incorporation represents less than 1 % of CO₂, and TKB productions.

1995, B. Darcy-Vrillon, P.H. Duée, “Fibre effect on nutrient metabolism in splanchnic and peripheral tissues”, in C. Cherbut, J. L. Barry, D. Lairon, M. Durand, editors, Dietary Fibre: Mechanisms of Action in Human Physiology and Metabolism, page 88:

To examine the effects of sodium butyrate on virus production, cells were exposed to sodium butyrate at various concentrations and times starting 16 h after transfection.

2003, Tsuyoshi Sakoda, Noriyuki Kasahara, Larry Kedes, “4: Lentivurus Vector-Mediated Gene Transfer in Cardiomyocetes”, in Joseph M. Metzger, editor, Cardiac Cell and Gene Transfer: Principles, Protocols, and Applications, page 62:

Butyrates are four carbon fatty acids first found in butter. Butyrates are formed naturally in the gut by friendly bacteria (probiotics) digesting fibre, such as the fibre in psyllium seed husks.

2008, Neil McKinney, Naturally There's Always Hope, page 160:

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of butyric acid.


carbonamide

(organic chemistry) The -CO-NR₂ functional group of an amide (or, by extension, an amide - especially a fully substituted amide)


carbamide

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) urea


cetyltrimethylammonium

(organic chemistry) The long-chain quaternary ammonium cation C₁₆H₃₃N(CH₃)₃⁺ known as cetrimonium in medical applications


carboxymethylcellulose

carboxymethylcellulose (countable and uncountable, plural carboxymethylcelluloses)

(organic chemistry) The product of the reaction of cellulose with chloroacetic acid; it is used as a thickener and to stabilize emulsions


carboxylation

(organic chemistry) Any reaction that introduces a carboxylate group into a molecule


carboxymethyl

(organic chemistry) The univalent radical -CH₂-COOH derived from acetic acid


carboline

(organic chemistry) Any of four isomeric tricyclic heterocycles, derivatives of which often have biological action, consisting of a pyridine ring fused with the five-membered ring of an indole.


cetyl

1997, David M. Hawcroft, The Basics: Electrophoresis, IRL Press, Oxford University Press, page 30,
Other detergents are available, including alternative ionic forms (such as the cetyls) for cleaving nucleic acid-protein bonds.

(organic chemistry) The univalent hexadecyl radical C₁₆H₃₃- present in many waxes.


chloroacetone

(organic chemistry) The chlorinated derivative of acetone CH₃-CO-CH₂Cl used in tear gas and in organic synthesis


chloroacetate

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of chloroacetic acid


chlorimide

chlorimide (countable and uncountable, plural chlorimides)

(organic chemistry, countable) Any imide in which a hydrogen atom attached to the nitrogen atom has been replaced by chlorine


chloroalkane

(organic chemistry) Any haloalkane in which the halogen is chlorine


chloramide

chloramide (countable and uncountable, plural chloramides)

(organic chemistry, countable) Any amide in which one or more of the hydrogen atoms attached to the nitrogen atom is replaced with chlorine


chloroacetic acid

(organic chemistry) The chlorinated derivative of acetic acid CH₂Cl-COOH that is used in organic synthesis


chlorobenzene

(organic chemistry) Any derivative of benzene in which one or more hydrogen atoms is replaced by chlorine; but especially the simplest such derivative C₆H₅Cl that is used in the manufacture of phenol, aniline and other compounds


alvimopan

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A particular narcotic painkiller.


codeinone

(organic chemistry) A particular narcotic painkiller.


carfentanil

From car(boxylate) + -fentanil (“opioid receptor agonist, analgesic”).

af

He’d been hearing rumours lately of carfentanil in the supply line, which terrified him: one hundred times stronger than fentanyl, approved for the sole purpose of tranquilizing elephants.

2020, Emily St. John Mandel, The Glass Hotel, Picador (2021), page 292:

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A narcotic painkiller that is four orders of magnitude more potent than morphine, used for tranquilizing large animals and abused as a recreational drug.


chloroethylene

en-noun

chloroethylene (countable and uncountable, plural chloroethylenes)

(organic chemistry) The unsaturated halogenated hydrocarbon vinyl chloride or any similar compound


amarine

(organic chemistry) A characteristic crystalline substance, obtained from oil of bitter almonds.

amarina

substance obtained from oil of bitter almonds


chlorodifluoromethane

(organic chemistry) The halogenated hydrocarbon (a CFC) CHClF₂ once used as a refrigerant and aerosol propellant


ethyl chloride

Thiopentone is a short-acting drug – not a good agent to keep the patient anaesthetized for very long – so a switch must be made to another anaesthetic. The common one used in those days was ethyl chloride.

2006, Ted Freeman, Doctor in Vanuatu, Suva, Fiji: Institute of Pacific Studies, University of the South Pacific, →ISBN, page 29:


chloroethane

(organic chemistry) The halogenated hydrocarbon CH₃-CH₂Cl, one used as an anesthetic; it has many industrial applications


sialyl

sialyl (countable and uncountable, plural sialyls)

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) A univalent radical derived from sialic acid


glycolyl

(organic chemistry) The univalent radical HOCH₂CO₂⁻ derived from glycolic acid


acetanisole

(organic chemistry) A particular aromatic compound used as a food additive.


methoxybenzene

(organic chemistry) The methyl ether derived from phenol; it is used in perfumery and is an insect pheromone


adapalene

Probably from ada(mantyl) + p(henyl) + (naphth)alene.

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A retinoid C₂₈H₂₈O₃ applied topically to the skin in the treatment of acne vulgaris. It is marketed under the trademark Differin and when used in combination with benzoyl peroxide, under the trademark Epiduo.


anethole

anethole (countable and uncountable, plural anetholes)

(organic chemistry) A particular aromatic compound found in anise.


chloroformate

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of chloroformic acid


chloromethyl

(organic chemistry) The univalent radical Cl-CH₂-


chloropropene

(organic chemistry) Any of various chlorinated derivatives of propene but especially 3-chloropropene (allyl chloride)


chlorotrimethylsilane

trimethylsilyl chloride
trimethylsilyl chloride

(organic chemistry) trimethylsilyl chloride


chloropicrin

chloropicrin (usually uncountable, plural chloropicrins)

(organic chemistry) The chlorinated derivative of nitromethane CCl₃NO₂ that is used as a pesticide and tear gas.


chlorophenyl

(organic chemistry) Any of several univalent radicals derived from chlorobenzenes or chlorophenols


chloropropane

(organic chemistry) Any of several chlorinated derivatives of propane, but especially 2-chloropropane (isopropyl chloride) that has a number of industrial uses


allyl chloride

(organic chemistry) The chlorinated derivative of propene 3-chloropropene that is used in the manufacture of pesticides and pharmaceuticals etc


chloroformic acid

(organic chemistry) The chlorinated derivative of formic acid, Cl-COOH, known principally through its esters, the chloroformates, unrelated to chloroform


cinnamaldehyde

cinnamaldehyde (countable and uncountable, plural cinnamaldehydes)

(organic chemistry) The aromatic aldehyde C₆H₅-CH=CH-CHO that is responsible for the aroma of cinnamon; any derivative of this compound


citronellic acid

(organic chemistry) The monoterpenoid carboxylic acid formed by the oxidation of citronellal


methyl chloride

(organic chemistry) chloromethane (CH₃Cl)


citronellal

citronellal (usually uncountable, plural citronellals)

(organic chemistry) The monoterpenoid aldehyde 3,7-dimethyloct-6-en-1-al responsible for the aroma of citronella oil