etherify

en-verb

etherify (third-person singular simple present etherifies, present participle etherifying, simple past and past participle etherified)

etherifies (present singular third-person)
etherifying (participle present)
etherified (participle past)
etherified (past)

(organic chemistry) To convert (an alcohol etc.) into an ether.


digitoxin

en-noun

digitoxin (countable and uncountable, plural digitoxins)

(organic chemistry) A toxic cardiac glycoside, obtained from digitalis, related to cardenolide.


cholane

(organic chemistry) A steroid hydrocarbon having a 4-pentane sidechain instead of the normal cholestane sidechain


gonane

(organic chemistry) The underlying tetracyclic hydrocarbon of steroids without any alkyl sidechains


cholic

classical compound
international scientific vocabulary

From international scientific vocabulary, reflecting a New Latin combining form, from Ancient Greek χολή (kholḗ, “bile”). By surface analysis, chol(e) + -ic.

(organic chemistry) Of or pertaining to cholic acid or its derivatives.


lactonized

(organic chemistry, of a hydroxy carboxylic acid) Converted into a lactone by internal condensation


isoxazoline

(organic chemistry) A five-membered unsaturated heterocycle containing three carbon atoms, one nitrogen and oxygen atoms (adjacent) and a carbon-nitrogen double bond


oxathiolane

(organic chemistry) A five-membered saturated heterocycle having a three carbon atoms, one oxygen atom and one sulfur atom


norpregnane

(organic chemistry) A derivative of pregnane with a shorter sidechain


oxirane

(organic chemistry) A three-membered heterocycle having two carbon atoms and one oxygen atom; ethylene oxide


pregnane

(organic chemistry) The parent hydrocarbon for a range of steroids including the progesterones


lithocholic acid

(organic chemistry) The bile acid 3α-hydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oic acid, which acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption


monohydric

(organic chemistry) Having a single hydroxy group


lanosterol

(organic chemistry) A triterpenoid sterol found in lanolin


pregnadiene

(organic chemistry) Any derivative of pregnane having double bonds in both the A- and B-rings


pregnene

(organic chemistry) Any derivative of pregnane having a double bond in the A-ring


protostane

(organic chemistry) A steroid hydrocarbon tetramethyl-nor-cholestane that is a precursor of many triterpenoids and other steroids


smilagenin

(organic chemistry) A derivative of sapogenin that is used medically to treat cognitive dysfunction


rubijervine

(organic chemistry) A toxic plant steroid derived from solanidanine


tigogenin

(organic chemistry) A steroid saponin found in fenugreek.


stigmastane

(organic chemistry) The steroid hydrocarbon that is the parent compound of sitosterol


tirucallane

tirucallane (usually uncountable, plural tirucallanes)

(organic chemistry) A triterpenoid saponin found in euphorbia and other plants


strophanthidin

(organic chemistry) A cardenolide found in species of the genus Strophanthus.


sapogenin

(organic chemistry) The steroid constituent of the glycoside saponin


veratramine

(organic chemistry) A teratogenic steroid alkaloid found in plants of the genus Veratrum


secosteroid

(organic chemistry) Any of the subclass of many terpenoid compounds of the tetracyclic steroid class that are structural relatives bearing a cleavage of one of the four rings of that parent class. The prototypical secosteroid is cholecalciferol, vitamin D3.


silapentane

(organic chemistry) Any of several compound in which one or more carbon atoms of pentane have been replaced by silicon


hexamethylbenzene

(organic chemistry) An alkyl derivative of benzene in which every hydrogen atom has been replaced by a methyl group


deuterochloroform

(organic chemistry) A deuterated form of chloroform that is used as a solvent in NMR spectroscopy


homonuclear

(organic chemistry, of a reaction etc) Taking place within the same ring of a compound.


polyoctenamer

(organic chemistry) A cyclic polymer of octyne cyclo[poly(oct-1-ene-1,8-diyl)] that is used to make a synthetic rubber


trimethylsilyl

These arise through re-addition of the initially formed palladium hydride and subsequent antielimination of the trimethylsilyl and palladium moieties.

1995, Alan Roy Katritzky, Otto Meth-Cohn, Stanley Michael Roberts, Comprehensive organic functional group transformations, page 490:

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The organosilicon radical (CH₃)₃Si-


sitosterol

(organic chemistry) Any of a range of plant sterols used to prepare steroid hormones.


tetramethylsilane

tetramethylsilane (countable and uncountable, plural tetramethylsilanes)

(organic chemistry) The organosilicon compound Si(CH₃)₄ that has several industrial applications and is used as a reference standard in NMR spectroscopy.


TBHQ

Initialism of tert-butylhydroquinone or of tertiary butylhydroquinone.

(organic chemistry) A particular preservative of fats and oils, used in food.


glutaraldehyde

From glutar- + aldehyde; compare glutaric acid, glutaryl, glutarate.

(organic chemistry) The aliphatic dialdehyde pentane-1,5-dial, a toxic liquid with a pungent odor.


octacosane

(organic chemistry) Any of very many isomers of the aliphatic hydrocarbon having 28 carbon atoms, but especially n-octacosane CH₃(CH₂)₂₆CH₃


undecane

(organic chemistry) Any of many isomers of the aliphatic hydrocarbon having 11 carbon atoms, but especially n-undecane CH₃(CH₂)₉CH₃


hexacosane

(organic chemistry) Any of very many isomers of the aliphatic hydrocarbon having 26 carbon atoms, but especially n-hexacosane CH₃(CH₂)₂₄CH₃


heteroaryl

(organic chemistry) Both heterocyclic and aromatic; heteroaromatic


biaryl

Copper is the most ancient transition metal used for the synthesis of biaryls and it is still employed nowadays. This part will deal with recent developments in aryl-aryl bond formation using copper derivatives as reagents or catalysts.

2002, J Hassan, M Se ́vignon, C Gozzi, E Schulz & M Lemaire* (2002) "Aryl−Aryl Bond Formation One Century after the Discovery of the Ullmann Reaction," Chem. Rev. 102:1359−1469, esp. 1362

(organic chemistry) Any compound containing a substructure that is an assembly of two aromatic rings or aryl groups, if joined by a single bond.


biaryl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) Of or pertaining to a compound containing an assembly or substructure of two aromatic rings or aryl groups, if joined by a single bond.


azoalkane

(organic chemistry) Any simple alkyl azo compound


alkylmercury

(organic chemistry) Describing any alkyl organomercury compound


bullvalene

from the nickname of one the scientists who predicted its properties in 1963 and the underlying concept of valence tautomerism, William "Bull" Doering. Chosen to rhyme with fulvalene.

(organic chemistry) A tricyclic hydrocarbon whose structure is constantly changing between 1,209,600 possible tautomers


diradical

(organic chemistry) A free radical having a two unpaired electrons


protecting group

protecting group (plural protecting groups)

(organic chemistry) Any chemical entity that is temporarily reacted with a functional group so as to protect it from a subsequent reaction


synthone

(organic chemistry) Any key intermediate product that, one synthesized, may be used to synthesize a range of other compounds.


functionalize

en-verb

functionalize (third-person singular simple present functionalizes, present participle functionalizing, simple past and past participle functionalized)

functionalizes (present singular third-person)
functionalizing (participle present)
functionalized (participle past)
functionalized (past)

(transitive, organic chemistry) To add a functional group to (a compound).


electrocyclization

(organic chemistry) an electrocyclic reaction


electrocyclic

(organic chemistry) Describing a molecular rearrangement in which a covalent single bond is formed between the ends of a fully conjugated system resulting in a cyclic compound with one fewer double bonds


phane

Generalized from the suffix in cyclophane. Ultimately from Ancient Greek -φανής (-phanḗs), from φαίνω (phaínō, “to shine”).

(organic chemistry) Any of several substructures of a more complex molecule.


triradical

(organic chemistry) A free radical having a three unpaired electrons


photodecarboxylation

(organic chemistry) Any photoinduced reaction that leads to the removal of a carboxyl group as carbon dioxide


photodecarbonylation

(organic chemistry) Any photoinduced reaction that leads to the removal of a carbonyl group as carbon monoxide


phototautomerization

(organic chemistry) A form of photoisomerization leading to the formation of a tautomer.


photoremovable

en-adj

photoremovable (comparative more photoremovable, superlative most photoremovable)

more photoremovable (comparative)
most photoremovable (superlative)

(organic chemistry, of a protecting group) That can be photoreleased


pyramidalized

pyramidalized (comparative more pyramidalized, superlative most pyramidalized)

more pyramidalized (comparative)
most pyramidalized (superlative)

(organic chemistry) distorted towards a tetrahedral molecular geometry.


tricyclo

(organic chemistry, in combination) Describing a molecular structure having three rings (either fused, or having a common bridgehead atom)


succinimide

(organic chemistry) The cyclic imide of succinic acid.


antimonin

(organic chemistry) An organometallic heterocyclic compound formally derived from benzene by substituting one carbon and hydrogen atom with antimony.


brevetoxin

From dinoflagellate species Karenia brevis + toxin.

neurotoxic shellfish poisoning
neurotoxic shellfish poisoning

(organic chemistry, toxicology) Any of a class of complex polycyclic polyethers that cause neurotoxic shellfish poisoning


BPA

(organic chemistry) Abbreviation of bisphenol A.


bisphenol A

(organic chemistry) An industrial chemical compound diphenol 4,4'-dihydroxy-2,2-diphenylpropane (C₁₅H₁₆O₂) that is a component especially of hard plastics (such as polycarbonate) and epoxy resins.


MBT

en-noun

MBT (countable and uncountable, plural MBTs)

(organic chemistry) Initialism of mercaptobenzothiazole (a chemical used in the vulcanization of rubber).

mercaptobenzothiazole

(organic chemistry) Initialism of methylbutenethiol.


PVDC

polyvinylidene chloride
polyvinylidene chloride#English

(organic chemistry) Initialism of polyvinylidene chloride.


PTFE

PTFE (countable and uncountable, plural PTFEs)

(organic chemistry) Initialism of polytetrafluoroethylene.


PLA

2016. Wang Y, Qu W, Choi SH. "FDA;s Regulatory Science Program for Generic PLA/PLGA-Based Drug Products", American Pharmaceutical Review, 19(4):14.
There are currently 15 FDA-approved PLA/PLGA-based drug products available on the US market (Table 1).

(organic chemistry) Initialism of polylactic acid.


APEX

acetone peroxide
acetone peroxide#English

(organic chemistry) Short for acetone peroxide.


artemisinin

artemisinin (countable and uncountable, plural artemisinins)

Artemisinin (Qinghaosu) isolated from Artemisia annua is a novel sesquiterpene lactone bearing an unusual endoperoxide function.

1994 May, Mankil Jung, “Current Developments in the Chemistry of Artemisinin and Related Compounds”, in Current Medicinal Chemistry, page 35:

The practical value of artemisinin itself as a therapeutic agent has been limited by several factors, however. Artemisinin has a high rate of recrudescence [8], poor oral activity [8], a short half-life in plasma [9], and limited solubility in both water and oil [10].

1998, Dee Ann Casteel, “Synthesis of Simple Bridged Bicyclic Trioxanes as Analogs of the Antimalarial Natural Product, Atemisinin”, in Attaur Rahman, editor, New Trends in Natural Product, page 30:

The emerging resistance to artemisinin is partly due to the complexity of the parasite and the unstoppable nature of its ability to evolve. But it is also the direct result of greed, for which there is no drug or vaccine.
In early 2009 the World Health Organization (WHO) announced the discovery of malaria parasites along the Thai-Cambodia border that were proving resistant to commonly used derivatives of artemisinin called artesunate and anthemeter.

2010, Bill Shore, The Imaginations of Unreasonable Men, page 222:

Artemisia annua
Artemisia annua#Translingual

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) An antimalarial drug derived from the sweet wormwood shrub, Artemisia annua, found as the active ingredient in traditional Chinese medical herbal treatment for malaria, chemically a sesquiterpene lactone - C₁₅H₂₂O₅.


dimercaprol

(organic chemistry) The mercaptan 2,3-dimercaptopropanol used as an antidote to arsenic poisoning.


nedocromil

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A medication used to prevent wheezing, shortness of breath, and other breathing problems caused by asthma.


isocoumarin

(organic chemistry) An isomer of coumarin in which the orientation of the lactone is reversed


octanol

(organic chemistry) Any of many isomers of the saturated aliphatic alcohol having eight carbon atoms, but especially the simple primary alcohol n-octanol; its esters are used in perfumery


patulin

patulin (countable and uncountable, plural patulins)

(organic chemistry) A mycotoxin, 2-hydroxy-3,7-dioxabicyclo[4.3.0]nona-5,9-dien-8-one, produced by fungi associated with rotting fruit.


prostacyclin

(organic chemistry) A prostaglandin produced in the walls of blood vessels; it acts as a vasodilator and inhibits the aggregation of platelets


pyrrolizidine

/pɪɹəʊˈlɪzəˌdiːn/

/pɪɹəʊˈlɪzəˌdaɪn/

Generally the pyrrolizidine alkaloids exist in plants as N-oxides, as shown for monocrotaline and seneciphylline.

2010, Eric David Morgan, Biosynthesis in Insects, page 320:

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of alkaloids, found in many plants, that are hepatotoxic.


tributyltin

(organic chemistry) The organic derivative of stannane tributylstannane

(organic chemistry) Any of many derivatives of this compound that are used as biocides


yessotoxin

yessotoxin (countable and uncountable, plural yessotoxins)

(organic chemistry) A toxin, produced by some dinoflagellates, that can accumulate in mollusks and subsequently cause food poisoning in humans.


thiouracil

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of heterocycles based on 2-thioxo-1H-pyrimidin-4-one; the parent compound interferes with the synthesis of thyroxine and is used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism


polyisocyanurate

(organic chemistry) A form of polyurethane polymer, based on cyanuric acid, formed from a polyhydroxy alcohol and a diisocyanate; it forms foams that are used for thermal insulation


arylating

(organic chemistry) That inserts aryl groups into molecules.


hypoxanthine

hypoxanthine (countable and uncountable, plural hypoxanthines)

(organic chemistry) A bicyclic heterocycle, 3,7-dihydropurin-6-one, that is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of uric acid.


ascorbate

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of ascorbic acid.


transamidation

transamidation (countable and uncountable, plural transamidations)

(organic chemistry) The transferal of an amide group from one compound to another


hippurate

From hippuric acid + -ate (“salt or ester”).

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of hippuric acid


bioanalyzer

(biochemistry, organic chemistry) Any of various devices used to analyze the nucleic acids, proteins, sugars etc. of a biological sample


amitrole

(organic chemistry) The heterocyclic amine 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole that is used as a nonselective systemic triazole herbicide on nonfood croplands


telechelic

en-adj

telechelic (comparative more telechelic, superlative most telechelic)

more telechelic (comparative)
most telechelic (superlative)

(organic chemistry) Describing any polymer that has functional groups as its end-groups.


telechelic

(organic chemistry) Any polymer that has functional groups as its end-groups.


halato-telechelic polymer

en-noun

halato-telechelic polymer (plural halato-telechelic polymers)

(organic chemistry) Any polymer having repeat units that have stable ionizable end-groups such as carboxylate (anion) or quaternary ammonium (cation)


polyaniline

(organic chemistry) An electrically conducting polymer of aniline


acetolactic acid

acetolactic acid (countable and uncountable, plural acetolactic acids)

(organic chemistry) The acetylated derivative of lactic acid 2-acetoxy-propanoic acid


methylcellulose

(organic chemistry) A white powdery substance, obtained by the methylation of cellulose, that swells in contact with water to form a gel; it has many industrial applications.


azafenidin

(organic chemistry) The triazolone herbicide 2-(2,4-dichloro-5-prop-2-ynyloxyphenyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-3(2H)-one used against annual and perennial weeds.


ionene

(organic chemistry) The aromatic hydrocarbon 4,4,7-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-naphthalene


polythiophene

(organic chemistry) A polymer of thiophene that will conduct electricity under certain conditions


triazolone

(organic chemistry) A heterocyclic ketone containing three nitrogen atoms, one double bond and a carbonyl group


hippuric acid

From hipp- + -uria + -ic + acid, named for the horse (as an archetype of the quadruped herbivores) by Justus von Liebig in 1829.

(organic chemistry) A benzoyl derivative of glycine; it occurs in urine, especially that of herbivores. Its potential as a biomarker in humans is being studied.

hippurate

coordinate as a base versus an acid, but synonymous in the practical sense that the conjugate base and conjugate acid coexist in solution


atrazine

atrazine (countable and uncountable, plural atrazines)

(organic chemistry) A triazine herbicide that inhibits photosynthesis


polybetaine

(organic chemistry) A polyampholyte whose repeat unit is derived from betaine


acetolactate

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of acetolactic acid


cyclodiene

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of chlorinated polycyclic insecticides derived from cyclopentadiene


pyrethroid

(organic chemistry) Any of several synthetic insecticides having a structure based on pyrethrin.


deconjugation

/diːˌkɒndʒəˈɡeɪʃən/

(organic chemistry) Any reaction that disrupts a system of conjugated double bonds leading to loss of conjugation

dekonjugálás

any reaction that disrupts a system of conjugated double bonds leading to loss of conjugation


dicamba

(organic chemistry) The herbicide 3,6-Dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid used to control weeds in cereal crops


dieldrin

dieldrin (countable and uncountable, plural dieldrins)

persistent organic pollutant
persistent organic pollutant

(organic chemistry) A cyclodiene insecticide, related to aldrin, that is a persistent organic pollutant.


fipronil

They are vulnerable to some pest control poisons — Mr. Rasberry uses products containing the chemicals fipronil and chlorfenapyr — but given the ants’ staggering proliferation and environmental restrictions on the products, not enough of the chemicals can be put down to make a difference, Mr. Meyers said.

2008 May 16, Ralph Blumenthal, “A Pest Without a Name, Becoming Known to Ever More”, in The New York Times:

He thinks new classes of insecticides introduced in the last 20 years, including neonicotinoids and fipronil, have been particularly damaging as they are used routinely and persist in the environment: “They sterilise the soil, killing all the grubs.”

2019 February 10, Damian Carrington, “Plummeting insect numbers 'threaten collapse of nature'”, in The Guardian:

central nervous system
central nervous system

(organic chemistry) A broad-spectrum insecticide, belonging to the phenylpyrazole family, that disrupts the insect's central nervous system.


glyoxalate

From glyoxalic acid + -ate (“salt or ester”).

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of glyoxalic acid.


imidacloprid

(organic chemistry) The very widely used neonicotinoid insecticide 1-(6-chloro-3-pyridylmethyl)-N-nitroimidazolidin-2-ylideneamine, used both in agriculture and domestically (for instance to control fleas in domestic pets).


mirex

(organic chemistry) The pesticide and fire retardant perchloropentacyclodecane, which is a persistent organic pollutant.


lindane

lindane (countable and uncountable, plural lindanes)

(organic chemistry) The organochlorine insecticide 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane


phytoene

(organic chemistry) An acyclic polyunsaturated isoprenoid hydrocarbon that is the precursor of the biosynthesis of carotenoid pigments


oxazolidinedione

oxazolidinedione (countable and uncountable, plural oxazolidinediones)

(organic chemistry) A five-membered saturated heterocyclic ketone having one nitrogen atom, one oxygen atom and two carbonyl groups.


triazolinone

(organic chemistry) A five-membered unsaturated heterocyclic ketone having three nitrogen atoms, one double bond and a carbonyl group


tetrazolinone

(organic chemistry) The five-membered, unsaturated heterocyclic ketone having four nitrogen atoms and one double bond opposite the carbonyl group

(organic chemistry) Any ketone derived from tetrazoline


triketone

(organic chemistry) Any ketone having three carbonyl groups


thiocarbamate

(organic chemistry) Any compound formally derived from a carbamate by replacing an oxygen atom by one of sulfur


silyne

(organic chemistry) an organosilyne, a molecule containing a silicon atom triply bonded to a carbon atom


dicysteine

(organic chemistry) The dimer of cysteine; cystine


proteinomimetic

(organic chemistry) Any relatively small molecule, especially a peptide that mimics some characteristic of a protein


silene

(organic chemistry) an organosilene, a molecule containing a silicon atom doubly bonded to a carbon atom


compatibilizer

(organic chemistry) Any substance used to stabilize blends of immiscible polymers


chloromethylation

(organic chemistry) Any reaction that introduces a chloromethyl group into a compound


acetalization

(organic chemistry) Any reaction that yields an acetal.


macromonomer

(organic chemistry) Any polymer or oligomer that has a functional group that can take part in further polymerization.


nonprotected

(organic chemistry) Having no protecting group


oxyethylene

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) ethylene oxide, oxirane


prepolymer

(organic chemistry) Any oligomer or other macromolecule that is capable of further polymerization.


trimethylsilylation

(organic chemistry) The addition of one or more trimethylsilyl groups to a molecule.


triphase catalyst

triphase catalyst (plural triphase catalysts)

phase-transfer catalyst
phase-transfer catalyst

(organic chemistry) A solid phase-transfer catalyst, often in the form of beads, that catalyzes a reaction between a liquid and a gas


macroradical

(organic chemistry) Any macromolecule that is also a free radical


azoxybenzene

azoxybenzene (countable and uncountable, plural azoxybenzenes)

(organic chemistry) The azoxy compound C₆H₅-N=N(O)-C₆H₅


deazapurine

(organic chemistry) Any of several bicyclic heterocycles formally derived from purine by replacing a nitrogen atom with one of carbon.


furyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The univalent radical derived from furan


leucocyanide

(organic chemistry) Any of various colourless cyanide compounds that are readily converted to coloured forms, most often by exposure to light.


valerophenone

(organic chemistry) The ketone 1-phenyl-1-pentanone that is used in photochemistry


ISA

ISA (countable and uncountable, plural ISAs)

isosaccharinic acid
isosaccharinic acid#English

(organic chemistry) Initialism of isosaccharinic acid.


trimethylation

(organic chemistry) The addition of three methyl groups, especially to an amine of a chromatin.


alkanoic acid

(organic chemistry) Any aliphatic carboxylic acid.


alkanoate

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester formed from the reaction of an alkanoic acid and alkanol

alkanoat

any salt or ester from an alkanoic acid and an alkanol


heterofullerene

(organic chemistry) Any compound formally derived from a fullerene by replacing one or more carbon atom by a heteroatom


fullerane

(organic chemistry) Any fully saturated fullerene


cucurbituril

From cucurbit, due to the resemblance between the molecular structure and the appearance of a pumpkin.

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of macrocyclic molecules consisting of glycoluril repeat units.


carbothioamide

(organic chemistry, in combination) The univalent radical derived from the carbon atom of a thioamide -CS-NH₂


cyclohexaphane

(organic chemistry) In the nomenclature of complex organic compounds, any cyclophane containing six nodes (or superatoms)


cycloheptaphane

(organic chemistry) In the nomenclature of complex organic compounds, any cyclophane containing seven nodes (or superatoms)


sapphyrin

(organic chemistry) A macrocycle, analogous to porphyrin, containing five pyrrole residues


cyclopropaphane

(organic chemistry) In the nomenclature of complex organic compounds, any cyclophane containing three nodes (or superatoms)


cyclobutaphane

(organic chemistry) In the nomenclature of complex organic compounds, any cyclophane containing four nodes (or superatoms)


isochromane

(organic chemistry) An isomer of chromane in which the oxygen atom is in the 2- rather than the 1- position


heptaphane

(organic chemistry) In the nomenclature of complex organic compounds, any linear phane containing seven nodes (or superatoms)


cyclopentaphane

(organic chemistry) In the nomenclature of complex organic compounds, any cyclophane containing five nodes (or superatoms)


tetrone

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) Any compound having four ketonic carbonyl groups.


tetrol

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) Any polyhydric alcohol having four hydroxyl groups


polysubstituted

en-adj

polysubstituted (comparative more polysubstituted, superlative most polysubstituted)

more polysubstituted (comparative)
most polysubstituted (superlative)

(organic chemistry) Having many substituents


heterophane

(organic chemistry) In the nomenclature of complex organic compounds, any derivative of a phane in which a carbon atom is replaced by a heteroatom


chromane

(organic chemistry) A bicyclic heterocycle in which a benzene ring is fused to one of dihydro-pyran; it is the base unit of tocopherols


amplificant

(organic chemistry) Any cyclic hydrocarbon that replaces a superatom in the amplification process of phane nomenclature


polyhydrogenated

polyhydrogenated (comparative more polyhydrogenated, superlative most polyhydrogenated)

more polyhydrogenated (comparative)
most polyhydrogenated (superlative)

(organic chemistry) hydrogenated such that hydrogen is attached to multiple double bonds


amyrin

(organic chemistry) Either of two isomeric triterpenoids found in some vegetable oils and resins

amirina

either of two isomeric triterpenoids found in some vegetable oils and resins


avenasterol

(organic chemistry) Either of two isomeric sterols, related to cholesterol, found in some vegetable oils


behenic acid

(organic chemistry) A fatty acid, docosanoic acid, having twenty-two carbon atoms.


brassidic acid

(organic chemistry) The fatty acid trans docos-13-enoic acid that is the trans- isomer of erucic acid


cerin

en-noun

cerin (countable and uncountable, plural cerins)

(organic chemistry) A triterpene found in cork.


cetoleic acid

(organic chemistry) The unsaturated fatty acid cis-docos-11-enoic acid found in many species of fish


campesterol

(organic chemistry) A phytosterol, found in many vegetable oils, related to sitosterol


citrostadienol

(organic chemistry) A sterol α₁-sitosterol found in vegetable oil


cycloartenol

cycloartenol (countable and uncountable, plural cycloartenols)

(organic chemistry) A sterol found in all photosynthetic organisms


columbinic acid

(organic chemistry) The polyunsaturated fatty acid trans,cis,cis-octadeca-5,9,12-trienoic acid found in the seeds of the columbine plant


clupanodonic acid

(organic chemistry) The polyunsaturated fatty acid all-cis-docosa-7,10,13,16,19-pentaenoic acid found in fish oil


carnitine

carnitine (countable and uncountable, plural carnitines)

From Latin caro/carnis (“flesh, meat”) + t + -ine, for it was first described in meat extracts in 1905.

2007, Shari Lieberman, Nancy Pauling Bruning, The Real Vitamin and Mineral Book, 4th Edition, unnnumbered page,
Although often called an amino acid because of its chemical makeup, L-carnitine is actually a vitaminlike nutrient, related in structure to the B vitamins. L-carnitine is the biologically active form of carnitine.

2014, Peggy R. Borum, Carnitine homeostasis in humans, Benjamin Toby Wall, Craig Porter (editors), Carnitine Metabolism and Human Nutrition, page 4,
Carnitine likely functions in maintaining homeostasis in many metabolic pathways and physiological conditions, with carnitine's role in energy metabolism homeostasis being the best studied.

Carnitines are quaternary amines synthesized from the amino acids lysine and methionine.

2015, Bruno Giammusso, “16: Dietary Complements and Phytotherapy”, in Giorgio Cavallini, Giovanni Beretta, editors, Clinical Management of Male Infertility, Springer, page 155:

(organic chemistry) A betaine, 3-hydroxy-4-trimethylammonio-butanoate, that is found in the liver and has a function in fatty acid transport.


cyclopropenoid

(organic chemistry) Having a structure based on cyclopropene


disaturated

(organic chemistry, of a glyceride) Having two saturated fatty acids


desmethylsterol

(organic chemistry) Any sterol lacking a methyl group in a specified position, e.g. 4-desmethylsterol.


monosaturated

(organic chemistry, of a glyceride) Having one saturated fatty acid


trisaturated

(organic chemistry, of a glyceride) Having three saturated fatty acids


dehydrocholesterol

dehydrocholesterol (countable and uncountable, plural dehydrocholesterols)

[diːhaɪdɹəˌkəˈlɛstəɹɒɫ]

(organic chemistry) A sterol, 7-dehydrocholesterol, found in the skin, that, on exposure to light, is converted into vitamin D


dehydroretinol

[diːˌhaɪdɹəˈɹɛtɪnɒɫ]

(organic chemistry) A derivative of retinol having an extra double bond; vitamin A2.


cyclopropene

(organic chemistry) The cycloalkene having three carbon atoms and one double bond; any derivative of this compound


glycerolipid

(organic chemistry) Any lipid based on glycerol


gadoleic acid

(organic chemistry) The unsaturated fatty acid cis-icos-9-enoic acid related to oleic acid but having 20 carbon atoms; it is found in fish and vegetable oils


gramisterol

(organic chemistry) A sterol found in wheat germ and other vegetable oils


gondoic acid

(organic chemistry) The unsaturated fatty acid cis-icos-11-enoic acid (an isomer of gadoleic acid) present in fish and vegetable oils


glycerolysis

(organic chemistry) Any reaction of an ester with glycerol, but especially the reaction of triglycerides with glycerol to form monoglycerides and diglycerides


intraesterification

(organic chemistry) The redistribution of the fatty acids of an oil or fat having a specific triglyceride makeup to give a more random distribution; a form of interesterification


lipolysis

(organic chemistry) The hydrolysis of lipids.


malvalic acid

(organic chemistry) The cyclopropene fatty acid 7-(2-octyl-1-cyclopropenyl)heptanoic acid found in some seed oils, often with sterculic acid


malonyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The divalent radical CH₂(COO-)₂ derived from malonic acid


monoenoic

en-adj

monoenoic (comparative more monoenoic, superlative most monoenoic)

more monoenoic (comparative)
most monoenoic (superlative)

(organic chemistry) Describing any unsaturated carboxylic acid (especially a fatty acid) that has only one double bond


monoenoic

(organic chemistry) Any lipid containing a single double bond


oxysterol

(organic chemistry) Any of several oxidized derivatives of sterols


lignoceric acid

(organic chemistry) The saturated fatty acid n-tetracosanoic acid, having twenty-four carbon atoms; it is found in wood tar


myristoleic acid

unsaturated fatty acid
unsaturated fatty acid

(organic chemistry) The unsaturated fatty acid cis-tetradec-9-enoic acid


inositide

(organic chemistry) Any phospholipid containing inositol; phosphatidylinositol.


oleochemical

(organic chemistry) Any organic compound derived from a natural vegetable oil or animal fat


oleochemical

(organic chemistry) Derived from a natural vegetable oil or animal fat


phytyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The univalent radical derived from phytol


phytol

en-noun

phytol (countable and uncountable, plural phytols)

(organic chemistry) The diterpenoid alcohol (2E,7R,11R)-3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol, derived from chlorophyll.


phosphorylcholine

(organic chemistry) The phosphoryl derivative of choline that combines with a diglyceride to form lecithin


retinaldehyde

retinaldehyde (countable and uncountable, plural retinaldehydes)


retinoic

(organic chemistry) Derived from retinol; relating to retinoic acid or its derivatives


retinyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The univalent radical derived from retinol


phytanic acid

(organic chemistry) The fatty acid (7R,11R)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadecanoic acid derived from chlorophyll via the related phytol


punicic acid

polyunsaturated fatty acid
polyunsaturated fatty acid

(organic chemistry) The polyunsaturated fatty acid 9Z,11E,13Z-octadeca-9,11,13-trienoic acid found in pomegranate seed oil


pristanic acid

(organic chemistry) The diterpenoid acid 2,6,10,14-tetramethylpentadecanoic acid found in many animal lipids


soapstock

soapstock (countable and uncountable, plural soapstocks)

(organic chemistry) A concentrated solution of salts of fatty acids obtained in the refining of edible oils.


sterculic acid

(organic chemistry) the cyclopropene fatty acid 8-(2-octylcyclopropenyl)octanoic acid found in some tropical vegetable oils


reesterify

en-verb

reesterify (third-person singular simple present reesterifies, present participle reesterifying, simple past and past participle reesterified)

reesterifies (present singular third-person)
reesterifying (participle present)
reesterified (participle past)
reesterified (past)

(transitive, organic chemistry) To esterify an alcohol or carboxylic acid that was obtained by previous hydrolysis of an ester; but especially the esterification of cholesterol or fatty acids during metabolism


stearidonic acid

(organic chemistry) The polyunsaturated fatty acid all-cis-octadeca-6,9,12,15-tetraenoic acid


sesamol

(organic chemistry) The antioxidant 3,4-methylenedioxyphenol found in sesame oil


tripalmitin

en-noun

tripalmitin (usually uncountable, plural tripalmitins)

(organic chemistry) The triglyceride of palmitic acid


tristearin

tristearin (countable and uncountable, plural tristearins)

(organic chemistry) The triglyceride of stearic acid


timnodonic acid

(organic chemistry) The polyunsaturated fatty acid all-cis-icosa-5,8,11,14,17-pentaenoic acid found in fish oils


thynnic acid

(organic chemistry) The polyunsaturated fatty acid hexacosahexaenoic acid found in fish oils


stigmasterol

stigmasterol (countable and uncountable, plural stigmasterols)

(organic chemistry) A phytosterol that occurs in soybeans and similar plants


lignane

(organic chemistry) The hydrocarbon formed by joining two propylbenzene residues at the β-carbon atom of the propyl side chain; this structure is the basis of all lignans


neolignane

(organic chemistry) Any hydrocarbon formed by joining two propylbenzene residues at other than the β-carbon atom of the propyl side chain; these structures are the basis of all neolignans


ursodeoxycholic acid

(organic chemistry) The bile acid 3α,7β-dihydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oic acid; ursodiol


propylbenzene

(organic chemistry) The hydrocarbon CH₃-CH₂-CH₂-C₆H₅ that is the parent compound of the lignans


arboreol

(organic chemistry) The epoxylignane derivative (7β,7'α,8α,8'α)-3,4:3',4'-bis(methylenedioxy)-7,9':7',9-diepoxylignane-7,8-diol


asatone

(organic chemistry) A polycyclic neolignane derivative (3'R,6'S)-(1β,2β)-2,3,5',6'-tetrahydro-3,3,3',5,5',5'-hexamethoxy-2,6'-cyclo-1,3'-neoligna-8,8'-diene--4,4'(3'H)-dione


epoxylignane

(organic chemistry) Any lignane in which the two γ-carbon atoms of the side chains are linked via an oxygen atom to form a tetrahydrofuran ring


lignan

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of phenylpropanoid (propylbenzene) type of molecules found in essentially all plants, generally dimeric or higher order, and produced by secondary metabolic pathways branching off of aromatic amino acid biosynthesis, in some cases having associated antioxidant or estrogenic (phytoestrogenic) activities; having in common with lignin the phenylpropanoid monomers, where lignin is a random oxidative polymerization of the same


cryocondensation

(organic chemistry, physical chemistry) The use of very low temperatures to condense volatile (usually) organic compounds from the air or other gaseous medium.


dineolignan

(organic chemistry) Any compound having a structure based on a dineolignane


oxyneolignan

(organic chemistry) Any compound having a structure based on a oxyneolignane


sesquineolignane

(organic chemistry) Any derivative of a lignane having three propylbenzene residues


sesquineolignan

(organic chemistry) Any compound having a structure based on a sesquineolignane


norlignane

(organic chemistry) Any compound derived from a lignane by removing carbon atoms from a ring or sidechain


dineolignane

(organic chemistry) Any derivative of a lignane having four propylbenzene residues


cycloneolignane

(organic chemistry) Any neolignane having an additional ring


neolignan

(organic chemistry) Any compound having a structure based on a neolignane


cyclolignan

(organic chemistry) Any lignan having an additional ring


azalignane

(organic chemistry) Any derivative of a lignane in which one or more of the benzene rings has been replaced with pyridine.


oxyneolignane

(organic chemistry) Any derivative of a neolignane in which the two propylbenzene residues are joined indirectly by an oxygen atom


epoxylignan

(organic chemistry) Any compound having a structure based on an epoxylignane


oxylinkage

(organic chemistry) A linkage between two parts of a molecule by an oxygen atom


cyclolignane

(organic chemistry) Any lignane having an additional ring.


enterolactone

enterolactone (usually uncountable, plural enterolactones)

(organic chemistry) The lignan lactone rac-(8α,8'β)-3,3'-dihydroxylignano-9,9'-lactone; a phytoestrogen produced by intestinal microflora from precursors in plant food


homolignane

(organic chemistry) Any compound derived from a lignane by adding extra carbon atoms in a ring or sidechain


cinnamyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The univalent radical C₆H₅-CH=CH-CH₂- characteristic of cinnamic compounds


furanoid

(organic chemistry) Having a structure based on furan.


furanoid

(organic chemistry) Any compound whose structure is based on furan.


derivatized

en-adj

derivatized (comparative more derivatized, superlative most derivatized)

more derivatized (comparative)
most derivatized (superlative)

(organic chemistry) modified by the formation of a derivative


arsenobetaine

(organic chemistry) The derivative of betaine (CH₃)₃As⁺CH₂COO⁻ in which arsenic replaces the nitrogen atom

arsenobetaína

derivative of betaine in which arsenic replaces the nitrogen atom


trifluoroacetic acid

(organic chemistry) a strong carboxylic acid used frequently in organic synthesis and as a buffer in liquid chromatography, with the molecular formula C₂HF₃O₂.


perfluoric acid

trifluoroacetic acid
trifluoroacetic acid

(organic chemistry) trifluoroacetic acid (C₂HF₃O₂)


aminoxyl

(organic chemistry) Any organic derivative of the radical R₂NO^. <=> R₂N^(.+)-O⁻


arsinoyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) Any organic derivative of this radical -AsR₂(=O)


azanediyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) Any organic derivative of this radical.


organomercurial

(organic chemistry) Any organic compound of mercury, but especially such a drug


thujone

From the genus name translingual Thuja + -one.

(organic chemistry) Either of two isomers of a bicyclic monoterpenoid ketone found in several aromatic plants.


capsaicinoid

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of irritant compounds, related to capsaicin, that are responsible for the heat of chilli peppers.


nitrenium

(organic chemistry) Any derivative of this ion R₂N:⁺


homologation

en-noun

homologation (countable and uncountable, plural homologations)

(organic chemistry) Any reaction that converts a compound into the next member of a homologous series, usually by lengthening a carbon chain


PEX

(organic chemistry) cross-linked high-density polyethylene


acylium

(organic chemistry) Any acyl cation R-C⁺=O derived from a carboxylic acid.


anticlined

en-adj

anticlined (comparative more anticlined, superlative most anticlined)

more anticlined (comparative)
most anticlined (superlative)

(organic chemistry, physical chemistry) Describing two equivalent chains of a crystalline polymer having opposite orientation


arsonous

(inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry) Of or pertaining to the arsonous acids or their derivatives


agostic

From the supposed Ancient Greek ἀγοστέω (agostéō, “to clasp, hold”) + -ic.

der

(organic chemistry) Describing a structure in which a hydrogen atom is bonded to both a carbon (or silicon) atom and a metal atom in a three-center, two-electron interaction.


bioisostere

(organic chemistry) Any compound, derived from another by the replacement of a group of atoms by another broadly similar group e.g. the replacement of a methyl by an ethyl group


carbynium

(organic chemistry) The radical cation H₂C^(.+) or any organic derivative of it


transtactic

(organic chemistry) Describing a tactic polymer in which the double bonds of the repeat units have the trans conformation.


chelotropic

(organic chemistry) Synonym of cheletropic


transoid

(organic chemistry) Describing an antiperiplanar spatial arrangement of two conjugated double bonds about the intervening single bond; s-trans


cistactic

(organic chemistry) Describing a tactic polymer in which the double bonds of the repeat units have the cis conformation


cheletropic

From Ancient Greek χηλή (khēlḗ) + + -tropic.

(organic chemistry) Describing a pericyclic addition reaction across the terminal atoms of a fully conjugated system in which two new single bonds are formed with a single atom of the reactant.


conrotatory

(organic chemistry) Describing an electrocyclic reaction in which the substituents at the interacting termini of the conjugated system both rotate in the same sense


disrotatory

(organic chemistry) Describing an electrocyclic reaction in which the substituents at the interacting termini of the conjugated system rotate in opposite senses


coacervate

/kəʊəˈsɜːvət/

(biochemistry, physical chemistry, organic chemistry) The microsphere droplet that results from coacervation.


cisoid

(organic chemistry) Describing a synperiplanar spatial arrangement of two conjugated double bonds about the intervening single bond; s-cis.


coordinatively

(organic chemistry) In a coordinative manner; with regard to coordination


cycloelimination

(organic chemistry) The reverse of a cycloaddition reaction.


dehydrocyclization

en-noun

dehydrocyclization (usually uncountable, plural dehydrocyclizations)

(organic chemistry) Simultaneous dehydrogenation and cyclization, especially as part of petroleum refining


cyclodepsipeptide

(organic chemistry) Any cyclic depsipeptide


cyclopolymerization

cyclopolymerization (countable and uncountable, plural cyclopolymerizations)

(organic chemistry) Any polymerization reaction in which new rings are formed.


dicarbenium

(organic chemistry) Any carbenium ion containing two carbeniums


dyotropic

en-adj

dyotropic (comparative more dyotropic, superlative most dyotropic)

more dyotropic (comparative)
most dyotropic (superlative)

(organic chemistry) Describing a rearrangement reaction in which two single bonds simultaneously migrate intramolecularly.


electromeric

electromeric (comparative more electromeric, superlative most electromeric)

more electromeric (comparative)
most electromeric (superlative)

(organic chemistry) Describing a form of resonance in which a molecule becomes polarized as a result of intramolecular electron displacement


episulfonium

(organic chemistry) Any cation derived by protonation or other addition to the sulfur atom of a thiirane.


flavylium

(organic chemistry) The cation 2-phenylchromenylium that is the basis of the anthocyanins


halirenium

(organic chemistry) Any reactive intermediate in the form of a three-membered unsaturated cyclic cation containing a positively charged halogen atom


halonium

(organic chemistry) Any cation of the form R₂X⁺, in which X is a positively-charged halogen


heterodetic

heterodetic (comparative more heterodetic, superlative most heterodetic)

more heterodetic (comparative)
most heterodetic (superlative)

(organic chemistry) Describing a cyclic peptide having at least one link between amino acids that is other than eupeptide (isopeptide, disulfide, ester etc.)


heteroconjugation

(obsolete, organic chemistry) conjugation involving at least one heteroelement


hemochrome

(organic chemistry) Any of several iron–porphyrin complexes having one or two basic ligands (normally amines).


heterovalent

heterovalent (comparative more heterovalent, superlative most heterovalent)

more heterovalent (comparative)
most heterovalent (superlative)

(organic chemistry) Describing a resonance structure that has one fewer single bond than others

heterovalent

describing a resonance structure that has one fewer single bond than others


oxamic

(organic chemistry) Of or pertaining to oxamic acid or its derivatives


HCFC

(organic chemistry) Initialism of hydrochlorofluorocarbon., a class of molecules containing hydrogen, chlorine, fluorine, and carbon atoms


homoconjugation

(organic chemistry) A form of conjugation in which a non-conjugating atom or group is interposed between the conjugating bonds


hydrazonic

(organic chemistry) Describing any of several classes of oxyacids in which a double-bonded oxygen atom is replaced by a =N-NR₂ group.


hydroxamic

(organic chemistry) Describing any of several classes of compounds derived from oxoacids by replacing -OH by -NHOH; the N-hydroxy amides


hydroximic

(organic chemistry) Describing any of several classes of oxoacids in which a double-bonded oxygen atom is replaced by a =N-OH or =N-OR


monoester

/ˌmɒnəʊˈɛstə/

Frederick B. Power and Frank Tutin have experimentally confirmed the observations of Carré, that at temperatures above 110° the interaction between phosphoric acid and glycerole results in the production of varying amounts of diester accompanying the monoester or glycerophosphoric acid.

1905, “Progress in Pharmacy”, in The American Journal of Pharmacy, page 287:

For example, hydrolysis of diesters (Fig. 1) separated by a long methylene chain exhibits equal rate constants at each site (k₁ = k₂), which sets an upper limit of 36.8% for the yield of the monoester.

2016 May 22, Qixun Shi et al., “Water-soluble cavitands promote hydrolyses of long-chain diesters”, in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, volume 113, number 33, →DOI, page 9199:

Twenty healthy individuals participated in the study and on two occasions consumed the ketone monoester supplement or a placebo after a 10-hour fast.

2018 February 14, “Ketone drink could help diabetics by lowering blood sugar”, in Voxy.co.nz, archived from the original on 2018-02-14:

(organic chemistry) An ester of a polyhydric alcohol or a polycarboxylic acid containing only a single ester group.


hyperconjugation

en-noun

hyperconjugation (countable and uncountable, plural hyperconjugations)

(organic chemistry) A weak form of conjugation in which single bonds interact with a conjugated system

hipear-chomhchuingiú

a weak form of conjugation in which single bonds interact with a conjugated system


imidic

(organic chemistry) Of or pertaining to imides or to imidic acids


carboximidoyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) Any of a class of univalent radicals R-C(=NH)-


HFC

Unlike efforts to curb fossil fuels, plans to reduce HFCs have won broad support from both Democrats and Republicans, as well as industry groups and environmental organizations.

2021 September 23, Lisa Friedman, “The E.P.A. issues a regulation that will sharply reduce the use of HFCs, a powerful driver of climate change.”, in The New York Times:

(organic chemistry) Initialism of hydrofluorocarbon.


trimethylgallium

(organic chemistry) The organometallic compound, (CH₃)₃Ga, used in vapour-phase epitaxy for the manufacture of semiconductors


trimethylindium

(organic chemistry) The organometallic compound, (CH₃)₃In, used in vapor-phase epitaxy for the manufacture of semiconductors with the highest purity levels (99.99999%)


DIPTe

(organic chemistry) Di-isopropyltellurium, the most preferred metalorganic source of tellurium used in MOCVD of compound semiconductors for opto-electronics applications.


iminyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) Any of a class of univalent radicals derived from an imine R₂C=N^.


iminylium

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) Any of a class of univalent cations derived from an imine R₂C=N⁺


iminium

(organic chemistry) A form of quaternary ammonium cation derived from an imine, R₂C=N⁺R₂.


isoflavonoid

(organic chemistry) Any compound, isomeric with the flavonoids, derived from 3-phenyl-1,4-benzopyrone


neoflavonoid

(organic chemistry) Any compound, isomeric with the flavonoids, derived from 4-phenyl-1,2-benzopyrone


methide

(organic chemistry) Any binary compound of the methyl radical and an electropositive element, especially a metal


methanation

(organic chemistry) The reaction of hydrogen and carbon monoxide to form methane


munchnone

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of mesoionic 1,3-oxazoles having an oxygen atom attached to position 5


molozonide

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of unstable heterocycles containing three successive oxygen atoms in a five-membered ring; the 1,2,3-trioxolanes


nitrone

(organic chemistry) The N-oxide of an imine


nitrilium

(organic chemistry) Any cation formed by protonation of a nitrile; R-C≡N⁺H or R-C⁺=NH


nitrile imide

(organic chemistry) Any compound having the structure R-C⁺=N-N⁻-R (or other resonance forms)


oxocarbon

(organic chemistry) Any organic compound containing only atoms of carbon and oxygen


potassium bitartrate

potassium bitartrate (plural potassium bitartrates)


phenonium

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of arenium ions in which a cyclohexadienyl cation is spiro-annulated with a cyclopropane unit.


spiro-annulated

(organic chemistry) Describing two rings that are joined, via a single atom, to form a spiro compound.


phosphoranyl

(organic chemistry) Any organophosphorus radical of the form R₄P.


enediol

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of unsaturated diols of the form R-C(OH)=C(OH)-R for vicinal diols, or -C=C(OH)₂ for geminal diols, often produced by enolization. Alternative names for vicinal diols are ketene hydrate, 1,1-dihydroxyethene, and enolic form of a carboxylic acid.


retrocycloaddition

(obsolete, organic chemistry) cycloelimination


enolization

(organic chemistry) The conversion of a ketone into an enol


silathiane

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of organosilicon compounds formally derived from the siloxanes by replacement of oxygen with sulfur


reductone

(organic chemistry) Any of several strong, acidic reducing agents that are enediols, often derived from sugars by oxidation


sydnone

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of 1,2,3-oxadiazoles having an oxygen atom attached to the 5 position; they are mesoionic


tropilidene

(obsolete, organic chemistry) The hydrocarbon cyclohepta-1,3,5-triene, or any of its derivatives


viologen

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of quaternary ammonium salts derived from 4,4'-bipyridine


EDMIn

(organic chemistry) Acronym of ethyldimethylindium, the Liquid indium Metalorganic precursor for MOCVD of Indium containing compound semiconductors. EDMIn was developed as a liquid alternative for commonly used solid trimethylindium (TMI) source. Following EDMIn, Di-isopropylmethylindium or DIPMeIn (US Patent 6,680,397) is developed as the next generation "liquid indium" MOCVD source to improve on the limitations of solid and solution TMI.


coumaroyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The univalent radical derived from coumaric acid


lysophosphatidic

(organic chemistry) Describing a phosphatidic acid in which one or both acyl derivatives have been removed by hydrolysis


coumaric acid

(organic chemistry) Any of three isomeric aromatic carboxylic acids, 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoic acid, found in many plants


epitestosterone

(organic chemistry) An inactive epimer of the steroid hormone testosterone


dichloromethane

dichloromethane (countable and uncountable, plural dichloromethanes)

(organic chemistry) The partially halogenated hydrocarbon CH₂Cl₂ widely used as a solvent


thiazyne

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of compound containing a sulfur to nitrogen triple bond


honokiol

(organic chemistry) An organic compound (a dimer of allyl phenol) found in Magnolia grandifloris, used in traditional Japanese medicine as an as an anxiolytic, anti-thrombotic, anti-depressant, anti-emetic, and anti-bacterial. Used in Western medicine as a potent anti-tumorigenic and neurotrophic compound.


DEG

DEG (countable and uncountable, plural DEGs)

diethylene glycol
diethylene glycol#English

(uncountable, organic chemistry) Initialism of diethylene glycol.


deamidation

deamidation (countable and uncountable, plural deamidations)

(organic chemistry) Conversion of an amide to a carboxylic acid.


coprine

(organic chemistry) A cyclopropylglutamine compound found in the inky cap mushroom.


naproxen

These days, especially when she kept on top of taking her naproxen, the hurt in her joints and limbs merely teased.

2021, Rivers Solomon, Sorrowland, #Merky Books, page 200:

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A certain non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that inhibits the COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes and thereby reduces pain, fever, inflammation, and stiffness.


acryl

(organic chemistry) The univalent radical derived from acrylic acid :- CH₂=CH-CO-


DIPSe

(organic chemistry) Abbreviation of di-isopropylselenium, the preferred metalorganic source of selenium used in MOCVD of compound semiconductors for optoelectronics applications.


norbornane

norbornane (countable and uncountable, plural norbornanes)

(organic chemistry) A bicyclic saturated hydrocarbon, bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane, related to norbornene and norbornadiene


arabinoside

(organic chemistry) A glycoside which yields arabinose after being split by hydrolysis.

arabinosídeo

a glycoside which yields arabinose after being split by hydrolysis


leucovorin

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A particular drug used in cancer treatment.


folinic acid

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A particular drug used in chemotherapy for cancer.


fulvic acid

(organic chemistry) The carboxylic acid derivative of cyclopentadiene 5-methylenecyclopenta-1,3-diene-1-carboxylic acid


formononetin

(organic chemistry) An isoflavone and phytoestrogen found in plants such as clover and cohosh, converted to equol, an estrogen, in the digestive system.


ethyl acetate

(organic chemistry) The ethyl ester of acetic acid; CH₃COOCH₂CH₃


prolyl

(organic chemistry) The univalent radical derived from proline.

prolyyli

the univalent radical derived from proline


thioxanthone

(organic chemistry) A tricyclic ketone derivative of thioxanthene having a carbonyl group opposite the sulfur atom


parthenolide

Tanacetum parthenium
Tanacetum parthenium#Translingual

(organic chemistry) A sesquiterpene lactone which occurs naturally in the plant feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium); used for the relief of migraine


strigolactone

strigolactone (usually uncountable, plural strigolactones)

2004, Christine A. Beveridge, Catherine Rameau, E2A: Strigolactones: The New Class of Branching Hormones, Peter J. Davies (editor), Plant Hormones: Biosynthesis, Signal Transduction, Action!, page 513,
Orthologous strigolactone response mutants (max2/ore9 in Arabidopsis, rms4 in pea, d3 in rice) have been of major value to demonstrate the specificity of action of strigolactones (13, 22).

Strigolactones are produced by the non-mycorrhizal plant Arabidopsis thaliana (Westwood 2000; Goldwasser and Yoder 2001), and plant mutants defective for strigolactone production have not yet been obtained.

2009, Vivienne Gianinazzi-Pearson, Marie Tollot, Pascale M. A. Seddas, “Chapter 3: Dissection of Genetic Cell Programmes Driving Early Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Interactions”, in C. Azcón Aguilar, J. M. Barea, S. Gianinazzi, V. Gianinazzi-Pearson, editors, Mycorrhizas - Functional Processes and Ecological Impact, page 36:

The first strigolactone isolated from root exudates was strigol (Cook et al. 1966).

2012, J. Benjamin Miller, Giles E. D. Oldroyd, “The Role of Diffusible Signals in the Establishment of Rhizobial and Micorrhizal Symbioses”, in Silvia Perotto, F. Baluška, editors, Signaling and Communication in Plant Symbiosis, page 15:

(organic chemistry) Any of a family of terpenoid lactones that stimulate germination in parasitic plants of the genus Striga, and that inhibit shoot branching.


sorgolactone

(organic chemistry) Any of several isomers of a strigolactone found in sorghum


phosphorine

(organic chemistry) An analogue of pyridine in which the nitrogen atom is replaced by one of phosphorus.


cyclopentene

(organic chemistry) A cycloalkene, C₅H₈; a colorless liquid with a petrol-like odor, used as a monomer for the synthesis of plastics.


methylcytosine

(organic chemistry) Any methyl derivative of cytosine, but especially 5-methylcytosine formed by methylation of DNA


inosine

From ἰνός (inós), genitive singular of ἴς (ís, “sinew, muscle”).

(biochemistry, organic chemistry) Any nucleoside formed from hypoxanthine attached to a ribose


lipoic acid

(organic chemistry) The carboxylic acid 5-[(3R)-dithiolan-3-yl]pentanoic acid, one enantiomer of which is an essential cofactor for many enzyme complexes.


butanethiol

(organic chemistry) The thiol, derived from butane, that is the sulfur equivalent of butanol; it is partly responsible for the smell of skunk


zinc pyrithione

coordination complex
coordination complex

(organic chemistry) a coordination complex of zinc


hexuronic acid

(organic chemistry) Any uronic acid, such as ascorbic acid, derived from a hexose


pravastatin

From pra- (of unknown origin) + -vastatin (“HMG CoA reductase inhibitor”).

af

Among statins, only simvastatin (up to 7.5 ng/L) and pravastatin (up to 40.4 ng/L) were identified in the raw water being these concentrations substantially higher than those found in the literature, 1 ng/L for pravastatin (Miao and Metcalfe, 2003) and 1.4 ng/L for atorvastatin and 1.0 ng/L for its metabolites o- and p-hydroxy atorvastatin in surface waters (Benotti et al., 2009).

2011 June 14, Ma Rosa Boleda, Ma Teresa Galceran, Francesc Ventura, “Behavior of pharmaceuticals and drugs of abuse in a drinking water treatment plant (DWTP) using combined conventional and ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis (UF/RO) treatments”, in Environmental Pollution, volume 159, number 6, →DOI, pages 1584-1591:

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A statin used to lower blood cholesterol levels, especially after a heart attack.


DMAGeC

(organic chemistry) Abbreviation of dimethylamino germanium trichloride.


thioester

(organic chemistry) Any of several classes of organic compound in which one or both oxygen atoms of an ester group are replaced by those of sulfur


MDI

en-noun

MDI (countable and uncountable, plural MDIs)

methylene diphenyl diisocyanate
methylene diphenyl diisocyanate#English

(organic chemistry) Initialism of methylene diphenyl diisocyanate.


sulfhydryl

(organic chemistry) The univalent radical -SH that is the sulfur analogue of hydroxyl and constitutes the thiol group.


qinghaosu

/ˌt͡ʃɪŋhaʊˈsuː/

Borrowed from Mandarin 青蒿素 (qīnghāosù, “sweet wormwood element”).

bor

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) The drug artemisinin.


sulfoxymethyl

(organic chemistry) The univalent radical -CH₂SH that is the sulfur analogue of hydroxymethyl


quinolinemethanethiol

(organic chemistry) A sulfoxymethyl derivative of quinoline that is present in the defensive spray of some skunks


acetylneuraminic

(organic chemistry) Describing acetyl derivatives of neuraminic acid


caryophyllene

(organic chemistry) A sesquiterpene (containing a cyclobutane ring) found in the essential oils of several plants such as clove and pepper


chitooligomer

(organic chemistry) A class of carbohydrate oligomer derived from chitin; chitooligosaccharide


chitooligosaccharide

(organic chemistry) An oligosaccharide derived from chitin; chitosan


phenylacetate

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of phenylacetic acid


edisylate

ethanedisulfonic acid
ethanedisulfonic acid

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of 1,2-ethanedisulfonic acid.


phenylacetic acid

(organic chemistry, biochemistry) The carboxylic acid C₆H₅-CH₂-COOH that is a plant auxin


tricarboxylic

(organic chemistry) Having three carboxylic groups


deamination

en-noun

deamination (countable and uncountable, plural deaminations)

(organic chemistry) The removal of an amino group from a compound.


paraphenylenediamine

(organic chemistry) The para- isomer of phenylenediamine


hydrochlorothiazide

hydrochlorothiazide (countable and uncountable, plural hydrochlorothiazides)

/ˌhaɪ.dɹəˌklɔɹ.əˈθaɪ.əˌzaɪd/

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A diuretic drug, 6-chloro-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-7-sulfonamide 1,1-dioxide, that inhibits the kidneys' ability to retain water and lowers blood pressure.


beta-sitosterol

(organic chemistry) A phytosterol found in many plant sources; it is used to reduce blood cholesterol


deprotect

en-verb

deprotect (third-person singular simple present deprotects, present participle deprotecting, simple past and past participle deprotected)

deprotects (present singular third-person)
deprotecting (participle present)
deprotected (participle past)
deprotected (past)

(organic chemistry) To remove a protecting group from.


deprotected

en-adj

deprotected (comparative more deprotected, superlative most deprotected)

more deprotected (comparative)
most deprotected (superlative)

(organic chemistry) From which a protecting group has been removed


desmethyl

(organic chemistry, in combination) From which a methyl group has been removed


DMDM hydantoin

(organic chemistry) The hydantoin derivative 1,3-dimethylol-5, 5-dimethyl hydantoin, widely used as an antimicrobial preservative in cosmetics.


hydantoin

(organic chemistry) The heterocycle imidazolidine-2,4-dione derived from urea and glycolic acid; any of its many derivatives


xanthone

en-noun

xanthone (countable and uncountable, plural xanthones)

(organic chemistry) An aromatic ketone, 9-oxo-xanthene, that is used as an insecticide.


ribosyl

(organic chemistry) any univalent radical derived from ribose


acetolysis

acetolysis (countable and uncountable, plural acetolyses)

(organic chemistry) The breakdown of an organic compound using either acetic acid or acetic anhydride

acetólise

breakdown of an organic compound using acetic acid or acetic anhydride


bistetrazole

(organic chemistry) Any of many compounds containing two linked tetrazole rings.


acetic anhydride

acetic anhydride (plural acetic anhydrides)

(organic chemistry) The acid anhydride of acetic acid, (CH₃CO)₂O.


valeric

(organic chemistry) Of, pertaining to, or derived from valeric acid


aminate

en-verb

aminate (third-person singular simple present aminates, present participle aminating, simple past and past participle aminated)

aminates (present singular third-person)
aminating (participle present)
aminated (participle past)
aminated (past)

(organic chemistry) To introduce one or more amino groups into a compound, in the process of amination


citration

en-noun

citration (countable and uncountable, plural citrations)

(organic chemistry) The act of citrating.


hyaluronic acid

(organic chemistry) A mucopolysaccharide (a kind of polymer) that forms a gel-like substance within animal connective tissue.


TDMAGe

(organic chemistry) Tetrakis(dimethylamino)germanium, a metalorganic source for germanium nitride (GeN) in MOCVD of semiconductors. It grows GeN instead of Ge, and is used at either high temperatures (600-800 C) or with plasma because of its very low vapor pressure and higher decomposition temperature.


lipoate

From lipoic acid + -ate (“salt or ester”).

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of lipoic acid


lipoate

en-verb

lipoate (third-person singular simple present lipoates, present participle lipoating, simple past and past participle lipoated)

lipoates (present singular third-person)
lipoating (participle present)
lipoated (participle past)
lipoated (past)

From lipoic acid + -ate (verb-forming suffix)

af

(organic chemistry) To react with lipoic acid or a derivative


mevalonic acid

(organic chemistry) The hydroxy acid 3,5-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid, a biochemical precursor of the terpenoids.


dendron

en-noun

dendron (plural dendrons or (uncommon) dendra)

dendrons (plural)
dendra (plural uncommon)

Coined from dendrite by E. A. Schäfer in 1893, by analogy with neuron.

(organic chemistry) A section of a dendrimer that includes the central atom or group.


mercaptoalkyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) An alkyl group having a mercaptan (thiol) substituent


organosulfurane

(organic chemistry) Any sulfurane having at least one organic group attached to the sulfur atom.


quebrachamine

(organic chemistry) An alkaloid obtained from the dried bark of the quebracho tree.


headgroup

(organic chemistry) A bulky part of a molecule, often containing one or more functional groups, attached to a relatively long aliphatic tail or backbone


picrotoxin

(organic chemistry) A poisonous material, extracted from the seeds of plants of species Anamirta cocculus, used as a stimulant; it is a complex of two alkaloids: picrotoxinin and picrotin.


tetracarboxylic

(organic chemistry) Having four carboxyl groups


chloroalkyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) Any alkyl radical having one or more hydrogen atoms replaced by chlorine


terphenyl

(organic chemistry) A tricyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, C₆H₅-C₆H₄-C₆H₅, composed of three benzene rings in a row


thioglycollate

Thioglycollates are potential skin-sensitising agents, and strong solutions can cause serious damage to the skin because of their keratolytic action.

1966, Arthur Jarrett et al., Dermatology: A Functional Introduction, page 96:

(organic chemistry) A sulfur-substituted glycolate


glycolate

From glycolic acid + -ate (“salt or ester”).

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of a glycolic acid


ethylenic

an ethylenic polymer

(organic chemistry) Containing ethylene or an ethylene derivative

the ethylenic double bond

(organic chemistry) Pertaining to or characteristic of ethylene


nonanoic

nonanoic anhydride

(organic chemistry) Derived from nonanoic acid


deamidate

en-verb

deamidate (third-person singular simple present deamidates, present participle deamidating, simple past and past participle deamidated)

deamidates (present singular third-person)
deamidating (participle present)
deamidated (participle past)
deamidated (past)

(organic chemistry) To remove an amide functional group from a compound


gabapentin

gamma-aminobutyric acid
gamma-aminobutyric acid

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) An anticonvulsant drug C₉H₁₇NO₂ structurally related to gamma-aminobutyric acid that is administered orally as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial seizures.


delphinine

(organic chemistry) A type of toxic alkaloid found in some plants in the genera Delphinium and Clematis, which can also be used medicinally.


methylxanthine

(organic chemistry) Any of a group of compounds, such as caffeine, formed through the methylation of xanthines.


benzylhydantoin

(organic chemistry) A hydantoin into which a benzyl group has been substituted


pararosaniline

en-noun

pararosaniline (countable and uncountable, plural pararosanilines)

(organic chemistry) A basic magenta dye having a triphenylmethane structure.


hexylresorcinol

hexylresorcinol (countable and uncountable, plural hexylresorcinols)

(organic chemistry) A hexyl derivative of resorcinol that has anaesthetic, antiseptic and antihelmintic properties.


adenylyl

adenosine monophosphate
adenosine monophosphate

(organic chemistry) A functional group derived from adenosine monophosphate, also known as 5-adenylic acid


carboxyphenyl

(organic chemistry) A phenyl group with a carboxyl substituent


deazaflavin

(organic chemistry) A flavin in which one nitrogen has been replaced by carbon


diaminofluorescein

4,5-diaminofluorescein was used as an indicator.

(organic chemistry) A fluorescein into which two amino groups have been substituted


diarylquinoline

The diarylquinolines have a bactericidal effect.

(organic chemistry) A quinoline containing two aryl groups


decalin

decalin (countable and uncountable, plural decalins)


dimethylimidazole

dimethylimidazole (countable and uncountable, plural dimethylimidazoles)

Dimethylimidazole was used as an axial ligand.

(organic chemistry, uncountable) A solvent used in a variety of applications including detergents and electronic materials, having the chemical formula C₅H₁₀N₂O


dicarbene

(organic chemistry) A compound containing two carbenes, having the general formula RC:RC:R


tetramethylimidazoline

(organic chemistry) An imidazoline onto which four methyl groups have been substituted


hematoxylin

hematoxylin (countable and uncountable, plural hematoxylins)

From Haematoxylum (“genus of the logwood tree”) + -in.

Histology sections were cut at 5–6 µm on a rotary microtome, mounted on glass slides, and stained with Harris’s haematoxylin and eosin in a Stainomatic specimen stainer.

1995 December 23, N. Jaax et al., “Transmission of Ebola virus (Zaire strain) to uninfected control monkeys in a biocontainment laboratory”, in The Lancet, volume 346, number 8991, →PMID, page 1669:

The stains used were hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Masson's trichrome, and Verhoeff's stain. Sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin have nuclei that were stained blue, cartilage and calcium deposits stained dark blue, cytoplasm and other constituents stained shades of red, and blood stained bright red.

2001, Laura E. Edsberg, Joseph R. Natiella, JoAnn Earle, “Microstructural characteristics of human skin subjected to static versus cyclic pressures”, in Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development, volume 38, number 5:

For overall morphology, sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) to measure mean fiber area.

2011, Colleen A. McMullen et al., “Chronic Stimulation-Induced Changes in the Rodent Thyroarytenoid Muscle”, in Journal of Speech, Language and Hearing Research, volume 54, number 3:

(medicine, organic chemistry) A phenolic compound having the chemical formula C₁₆H₁₄O₆, used (most often in conjunction with eosin) to make dye for staining tissue samples; extracted from the heart of the bloodwood tree, Haematoxylum campechianum.


isopentenyl

isopentenyl (usually uncountable, plural isopentenyls)

isopentenyl pyrophosphate

(organic chemistry) A univalent radical, CH₂=C(CH₃)-CH₂-CH₂-, derived from isopentene


benz-

(organic chemistry) Alternative form of benzo-.


decaline

(organic chemistry) A particular alkaloid found in plants of the family Lythraceae.


-yl

Via French méthylène from Ancient Greek ὕλη (húlē, “wood, material”).

der

(organic chemistry) A univalent radical or functional group formed from a given molecule. Thus propyl from propane, benzyl from benzene, and so forth.


phosphoenolpyruvate

en-noun

phosphoenolpyruvate (usually uncountable, plural phosphoenolpyruvates)

(organic chemistry) An important intermediate in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, having the chemical formula C₃H₅O₆P


mycolic

Back-formation from mycolic acid, in turn from Mycolata.

EP-1-0 013 856 describes MDP analogues comprising dipeptides having a mycolic chain linked through a glycerol residue.

1993, Christopher Penney & Boulos Zacharie, European Patent EP0635026, "Novel lipophilic oligopeptides with immunomodulating activity"

(organic chemistry) Of or pertaining to a mycolic acid


methylene diphosphonate

(organic chemistry, oncology) Synonym of medronate


nitroreduction

nitroreduction (usually uncountable, plural nitroreductions)

(organic chemistry) A reaction in which a nitro group is reduced, and often converted into an amino group


-itol

From reanalysis of the ending of mannitol, sorbitol and so on, from -ite (an old, non-specific use of this suffix) + -ol.

polyhydric alcohol
polyhydric alcohol#English

(organic chemistry) Forming the names of polyhydric alcohols (sugar alcohols).

-it

forming the names of polyhydric alcohols


tetramethylrhodamine

(organic chemistry) A rhodamine in which four hydrogens have been replaced by methyl groups. Forms such as tetramethylrhodamine dextran are often used as fluorescent tracer dyes in cell research.


caprolactone

caprolactone (usually uncountable, plural caprolactones)

(organic chemistry) A cyclic ester with the chemical formula C₆H₁₀O₂


calcein

(organic chemistry) A fluorescent dye, with chemical formula C₃₀H₂₆N₂O₁₃; related to fluorescein; used in some contexts as a calcium indicator


carbenoxolone

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A synthetic derivative of glycyrrhizinic acid having the chemical formula C₃₄H₅₀O₇; used as a drug for treatment of various conditions including esophageal inflammation.


sulforhodamine

(organic chemistry) Any derivative of a rhodamine formed by adding one or more sulfonate groups. Often used as fluorescent dyes.


PCC

pyridinium chlorochromate
w:pyridinium chlorochromate

(organic chemistry) Initialism of pyridinium chlorochromate.


diamidine

(organic chemistry) Any organic compound having two amidine groups, such as pentamidine


ethidium

(organic chemistry) The cationic form of a polycyclic aromatic base, name 3,8-Diamino-5-ethyl-6-phenylphenanthridinium, whose bromide is used as a stain for nucleic acids

etidio

the cationic form of a polycyclic aromatic base


hydroxycinnamic

From hydroxy- + cinnamic. Back-formation from hydroxycinnamic acid.

a hydroxycinnamic ester

hydroxycinnamic acid
hydroxycinnamic acid

(organic chemistry) Derived from or pertaining to hydroxycinnamic acid


methyltetrahydrofolate

(organic chemistry) A tetrahydrofolate with a methyl substituent, a key natural form of folate. The chief form is 5-methyltetrahydrofolate.


phenylindole

(organic chemistry) An indole into which a phenyl group has been substituted


phenylmethyl

The name benzyl is an alternative name for the phenylmethyl group.

1997, T.W. Graham Solomons, Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry, →ISBN, page 573:

(organic chemistry) Benzyl: the cyclic radical, ion or functional group having the formula C₆H₅CH₂


polyglycolic acid

polyglycolic acid (plural polyglycolic acids)

(organic chemistry) A biodegradable, thermoplastic polymer formed from glycolic acid monomers


dithiothreitol

(organic chemistry) A small-molecule redox reagent with the molecular formula C₄H₁₀O₂S₂.


aminoacetophenone

aminoacetophenone (countable and uncountable, plural aminoacetophenones)

(organic chemistry) The compound formed by the substitution of an amine group for one of the hydrogens of acetophenone, having the molecular formula C₈H₉NO; or any specific isomer of this compound.


adiponitrile

adiponitrile (countable and uncountable, plural adiponitriles)

(organic chemistry) The nitrile derived from adipic acid


naphthalic acid

naphthalic acid (plural naphthalic acids)

(organic chemistry) Any of several isomeric forms of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid derived from naphthalene; analogous to phthalic acid


artemether

From arte- (“artemisinin-related compound”) + meth- + ether.

af

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) An antimalarial derived from artemisinin, and used to treat multiply drug-resistant strains of falciparum malaria.


phenylpropanoid

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of plant-derived organic compounds that are biosynthesized from the amino acid phenylalanine


guaiacol

en-noun

guaiacol (countable and uncountable, plural guaiacols)

From guaiacum + -ol, from the name of a substance from which it can be derived.

(organic chemistry) A naturally occurring methoxy phenol, having certain medicinal applications


isothiazolinone

(organic chemistry) A heterocyclic amide 1,2-thiazol-3-one; Any of various derivatives of this compound used as biocides


benzisothiazolinone

(organic chemistry) A biocide of the isothiazolinone group, used as a preservative in paints, varnishes and fuels and in paper-making.


carbofuran

(organic chemistry) A highly toxic carbamate pesticide used on field crops.


bendiocarb

(organic chemistry) A highly toxic carbamate insecticide.


carbaryl

Ecoparasite control, with appropriate concentrations of carbaryl, malathion, or pyrethrin dusts, is permissible if the agent is applied externally to both test and control animals not less than seven days prior to the start of the test.

1983, D. E. Kaukeinen, Vertebrate Pest Control and Management Materials, page 102:

(organic chemistry) A white crystalline solid of the carbamate family, a cholinesterase inhibitor used chiefly as an insecticide.


indometacin

From indo(le) + meth(yl) + ac(etic acid) + -in.

af

rheumatoid arthritis
rheumatoid arthritis

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A compound with anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic properties, used chiefly to treat rheumatoid arthritis and gout.


diethylamide

(organic chemistry) The derivative of a compound formed by adding an amide group with two ethyl substituents, N(C₂H₅)₂.


piceatannol

(organic chemistry) A phenolic stilbenoid, a metabolite of resveratrol, found in red wine and believed to possess anticancer properties.


aphidicolin

(organic chemistry) A tetracyclic diterpene antibiotic with antiviral and antimitotic properties.


stilbenoid

(organic chemistry) Any of various secondary products of heartwood formation in trees, hydroxylated derivatives of stilbene that are capable of acting as phytoalexins.


artesunate

en-noun

artesunate (countable and uncountable, plural artesunates)

From arte- (“artemisinin-related compound”) + su(cci)nate.

af

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A drug, of the artemisinin group, used to treat malaria.


acetoxymethyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The univalent radical CH₃-C(=O)-O-CH₂- derived from methyl acetate.


alkoxyaluminum

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) Any aluminium radical containing one or more alkoxy group e.g. (R-O)₂Al-


methyl acetate

(organic chemistry) The methyl ester of acetic acid.


siloxy

Zirconium silicate- catapleiite appeared to be a successful example of this — it was the second silicate with trimeric siloxy rings (Si₃O₅) similar to the configuration of Bragg's titanosilicate-benitoite.

1960, Soviet Physics — Crystallography, volume 5, page 11:

(organic chemistry) Any univalent radical of the general formula R₃Si-O-


binaphthol

asymmetric synthesis
asymmetric synthesis

(organic chemistry) Any of several phenols derived from binaphthalene, but especially 1,1'-bi-2-naphthol used in asymmetric synthesis


asymmetric synthesis

en-noun

asymmetric synthesis (plural asymmetric syntheses)

(organic chemistry) The synthesis of a specific enantiomer of a compound (or of a mixture containing more of one enantiomer than the other)


binaphthalene

(organic chemistry) Any of several isomeric aromatic hydrocarbons formed from two naphthalene groups joined by a single bond.


aminosiloxydiene

(organic chemistry) Any of various dienes containing both an amino and a siloxy substituent; but especially a derivative of butadiene containing a 1-amino and 3-siloxy substituent used in asymmetric synthesis


binaphtholate

(organic chemistry) Any metallic salt of a binaphthol, especially one used in asymmetric synthesis


pyrrolysyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) A univalent radical derived from pyrrolysine


biphenoxide

(organic chemistry) Any compound containing two phenoxide groups.


bromophenol

(organic chemistry) Any phenol in which one or more hydrogen atoms of the benzene ring has been replaced by bromine


bisalkoxide

(organic chemistry) Any compound containing two alkoxide groups


bromophenol blue

(organic chemistry) An acid-base indicator, 2,6-dibromo-4-[3-(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,1-dioxo-3-benzo[c]oxathiolyl]phenol


geranylgeranyl

(organic chemistry) A univalent diterpenoid radical consisting of two geranyl residues end-to-end


guanidinium

(organic chemistry) The cation derived from guanidine.


geranyl

(organic chemistry) A univalent radical derived from geraniol.


geraniol

geraniol (countable and uncountable, plural geraniols)

(organic chemistry) A monoterpenoid alcohol found in the essential oils of rose, palmarosa and citronella


interesterify

en-verb

interesterify (third-person singular simple present interesterifies, present participle interesterifying, simple past and past participle interesterified)

interesterifies (present singular third-person)
interesterifying (participle present)
interesterified (participle past)
interesterified (past)

(transitive, organic chemistry) To subject to interesterification


apans

From arsonic + phenyl + azo- + naphthalene + sulfonic, from disodium salt of 4-[(2-arsonophenyl)azo]-3-hydroxy-2,7-naphthalenedisulfonic acid.

(organic chemistry) (acronym) Synonym of thorin (C₁₆H₁₁AsN₂O₁₀S₂·Na₂)


alcian blue

en-noun

alcian blue (countable and uncountable, plural alcian blues)

(organic chemistry) Any of a family of basic copper-containing phthalocyanine dyes that are used to stain mucopolysaccharides.


neonicotinoid

Neonicotinoids may be contributing towards the disappearance of butterflies from the countryside, according to the first scientific study to examine the effect of the controversial agricultural pesticides on British butterflies.

2015 November 24, Patrick Barkham, “Pesticide may be reason butterfly numbers are falling in UK, says study”, in The Guardian:

He thinks new classes of insecticides introduced in the last 20 years, including neonicotinoids and fipronil, have been particularly damaging as they are used routinely and persist in the environment: “They sterilise the soil, killing all the grubs.”

2019 February 10, Damian Carrington, “Plummeting insect numbers 'threaten collapse of nature'”, in The Guardian:

central nervous system
central nervous system

(organic chemistry) Any of a certain class of insecticides that act on the central nervous system in a similar way to nicotine.


thiosulfonate

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of a thiosulfonic acid


thiosulfonic acid

thiosulfonic acid (plural thiosulfonic acids)

(organic chemistry) Any organic oxyacid having a general formula R-SO₂SH


bimane

bimane (countable and uncountable, plural bimanes)

(organic chemistry) The heterocycle pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazole-1,7-dione that is the basis of several fluorescent dyes


aminocyclopropane

aminocyclopropane (countable and uncountable, plural aminocyclopropanes)

(organic chemistry, in combination) A univalent radical obtained by removal of a hydrogen atom from the ring of cyclopropylamine


aminonicotinamide

(organic chemistry) Any of several isomeric amino derivatives of nicotinamide, but especially 6-aminonicotinamide, a teratogen.

aminonicotinamida

any of several isomeric amino derivatives of nicotinamide


bisamide

(organic chemistry) Any compound containing two amide groups.


bromophenyl

bromophenyl (countable and uncountable, plural bromophenyls)

(organic chemistry) The univalent radical derived from bromobenzene by loss of a hydrogen atom


camphorsulphonic

camphorsulphonic acid
camphorsulphonic acid

(organic chemistry) Of or pertaining to camphorsulphonic acid or its derivatives


butyldimethylsilyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The univalent silyl radical containing one butyl and two methyl grups


bromodeoxyuridine

(organic chemistry) A synthetic nucleoside which is an analogue of thymidine; it is commonly used in the detection of proliferating cells in living tissues, where it competes with uridine


carboxyfluorescein

(organic chemistry) A fluorescent dye that is used as a biological tracer


carbamylcholine

(organic chemistry) The organic cation 2-carbamoyloxyethyl-trimethyl-azanium, also known as the drug carbachol.


camphorsulfonic acid

camphorsulfonic acid (plural camphorsulfonic acids)

(organic chemistry) Any sulfonic acid derived from camphor, but especially d-camphorsulfonic acid (known as Reychler's acid) classically used to resolve stereoisomers


semisynthetic

(organic chemistry) synthesized by chemically modifying a natural material


semisynthetic

(organic chemistry) Any compound that is synthesized by chemically modifying a natural material.


graphane

graphane (usually uncountable, plural graphanes)

Because of the random nature of ripples, single-sided graphane is expected to be a disordered material, similar to graphene oxide, rather than a new graphene-based crystal.

2009 January 30, D. C. Elias et al., “Control of Graphene's Properties by Reversible Hydrogenation: Evidence for Graphane”, in Science:

(organic chemistry) An extended two-dimensional hydrocarbon, of general formula (CH)ₙ, derived from graphene by adding a hydrogen atom to each carbon atom alternately on each side of the plane.


cobaltocene

(organic chemistry) The metallocene containing a cobalt atom


cobaltocenium

(organic chemistry) The cation derived from cobaltocene


tetrapeptide

(biochemistry, organic chemistry) An organic compound formed from four amino acids joined by peptide bonds.


deoxycholate

From deoxycholic + -ate (“salt or ester”).

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of deoxycholic acid.


deoxycholic acid

(organic chemistry) A secondary bile acid that is a metabolic product of intestinal bacteria


diacylated

(organic chemistry) Modified by the addition of two acyl groups


dethreading

(organic chemistry) Any process in which the threaded structure of a molecule (such as a rotaxane) is disrupted.


diamidino

(organic chemistry, in combination) Two amidino groups in a molecule


amidino

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) Any univalent radical derived from an amidine by removal of a hydrogen atom.


dihydroxylation

(organic chemistry) The introduction of two hydroxyl groups into a molecule


dimethylurea

(organic chemistry) Any derivative of urea in which two hydrogen atoms have been replaced by methyl groups, but especially 1,3-dimethylurea that acts as a radical scavenger, and is used in the manufacture of caffeine and other compounds


docosane

(organic chemistry) Any alkane having 22 carbon atoms, but especially n-docosane CH₃(CH₂)₂₀CH₃.


domoic acid

From Tokunoshima ドウモイ (dōmoi), a type of red algae.

(organic chemistry) A neurotoxin associated with some algal blooms


dimethylated

(organic chemistry) Modified by the addition of two methyl groups.


bisimide

(organic chemistry) Any compound containing two imide groups.


bithiophene

(organic chemistry) Any of several isomeric forms of a compound containing two thiophene rings joined to each other.


arylene

(organic chemistry) Any bivalent radical produced by removal of two hydrogen atoms from the benzene ring of an aromatic compound


desmethylsterane

(organic chemistry) Any of a group of hydrocarbons (4-methyl-24-alkyl-steranes) derived from sterane and associated with the generation of petroleum.


dimerizer

(organic chemistry) Any compound that facilitates the formation of a dimer.


dicarboxamide

(organic chemistry) Any compound having two carboxamide groups


dichlorobenzene

(organic chemistry) Any of three isomeric derivatives of benzene in which two hydrogen atoms have been replaced by chlorine; they are used as solvents and in organic synthesis.


sterane

At right, values in parentheses represent a measure of relative signal intensity for the steranes in acquired MRM chromatograms (though absolute abundances are determined from individual peak areas) and the numbers beneath are the masses (in daltons) of the ion transitions (molecular weight fragment ion) used in MRM GC-MS in each case.

2009 February 5, Gordon D. Love et al., “Fossil steroids record the appearance of Demospongiae during the Cryogenian period”, in Nature, volume 457, number 7230, →DOI, pages 718–721:

(organic chemistry) A tetracyclic hydrocarbon related to the steroids


epoxyalcohol

(organic chemistry) Any alcohol that also contains an epoxy group.


fluorophenylalanine

(organic chemistry) Any of several isomeric fluoro derivatives of phenylalanine used to inhibit bacteriophage replication


glucosyl

(organic chemistry) The univalent radical derived from the hemiacetal form of glucose.


guanidium

(organic chemistry) The monovalent cation formed by protonation of guanidine


guanidine

guanidine (countable and uncountable, plural guanidines)

(organic chemistry) A strong base HN=C(NH₂)₂ obtained by the oxidation of guanine


haloacid

(organic chemistry) Any halogen derivative of a carboxylic acid (but especially 2-chloro-carboxylic acids that are active in cell biology).


homophenylalanyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The univalent radical derived from homophenylalanine


hydroxystaurosporine

(organic chemistry) A hydroxy derivative of staurosporine; especially 7-hydroxystaurosporine, an antitumor drug that has antineoplastic activity.


hydroxytestosterone

(organic chemistry) A hydroxy derivative of testosterone; especially the anabolic steroid 4-hydroxytestosterone


hydrous pyrolysis

hydrous pyrolysis (plural hydrous pyrolyses)

(organic chemistry) pyrolysis in the presence of water


imidodiphosphate

imidodiphosphoric acid
imidodiphosphoric acid

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of imidodiphosphoric acid; but especially adenylyl imidodiphosphate, an analog, and inhibitor of ATP


homophenylalanine

(organic chemistry) A homologue of phenylalanine, 2-amino-4-phenylbutyric acid


isopropylcholestane

(organic chemistry) Any of several isopropyl derivatives of cholestane, but especially 24-isopropylcholestane, a biomarker of primitive animals


isonicotinic acid

(organic chemistry) An isomer of nicotinic acid, pyridine-4-carboxylic acid


maltoside

(organic chemistry) Any glycoside of maltose, but especially any of a class of such alkyl glycosides that are used as specialized detergents


metalacyclic

en-adj

metalacyclic (comparative more metalacyclic, superlative most metalacyclic)

more metalacyclic (comparative)
most metalacyclic (superlative)

(organic chemistry) Describing a cyclic compound that has one or more metal atom in the ring


metallacyclobutane

(organic chemistry) A derivative of cyclobutane (or of a derivative) in which a methylene group has been replaced by a metal atom


catechin

(organic chemistry) A flavanol derived from catechol (2R,3S)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol


methoxylated

methoxylated (comparative more methoxylated, superlative most methoxylated)

more methoxylated (comparative)
most methoxylated (superlative)

(organic chemistry) modified by the addition of one or more methoxy groups


methenolone

SI.com said that Rodriguez had tested positive for the anabolic steroid Primobolan, whose chemical name is methenolone.

2009 February 8, Michael S. Schmidt, “Rodriguez Said to Test Positive in 2003”, in New York Times:

(organic chemistry) A long-acting anabolic steroid with limited androgenic properties, having the chemical formula C₂₀H₃₀O₂


methoxylation

(organic chemistry) modification by the addition of one or more methoxy groups


monoalkoxide

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) Any compound having a single alkoxide group.


propidium

(organic chemistry) A divalent organic cation having the chemical formula C₂₇H₃₄N₄²⁺

Propidium in the CHEBI chemical database


aralkyl

(organic chemistry) Any univalent radical derived from an alkyl radical by replacing one or more hydrogen atoms by aryl groups


bactoprenol

(organic chemistry) A polyterpenoid alcohol found in lactobacilli


dimethylsilyl

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The univalent radical (CH₃)₂SiH-


dimethylglycine

en-noun

dimethylglycine (countable and uncountable, plural dimethylglycines)

(organic chemistry) A derivative of glycine in which both hydrogen atoms of the amino group are replaced by methyl groups


carboxymethylation

(organic chemistry) The introduction of a carboxymethyl group into a compound


bufotenine

From French bufoténine, from Latin bufo (“toad”) + ten- (uncertain element) + -ine.

In the late 1950s Howard Fabing, a medical doctor, obtained permission to inject bufotenine intravenously into a number of inmates at the Ohio State Penitentiary.

1985, Wade Davis, The Serpent and the Rainbow, Simon & Schuster, page 115:

(organic chemistry) An alkaloid, found in the skins of some toads, related to serotonin.


-enyl

(organic chemistry) suffix for alkenyl functional groups


geranylate

From geranylic acid + -ate (“salt or ester”).

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of geranic acid or geranylic acid


methyltyramine

(organic chemistry) A metabolite of amphetamines that has some sympathomimetic effect.


methyltryptamine

(organic chemistry) A psychedelic alkaloid obtained from the leaves of several plants


metribolone

(organic chemistry) An anabolic steroid 17β-17-hydroxy-17-methyl-estra-4,9,11-trien-3-one


naphthoflavone

(organic chemistry) Either of two isomeric flavones derived from naphthalene


tyramide

(organic chemistry) A tyramine derivative


nitrosobenzene

(organic chemistry) the nitroso derivative of benzene C₆H₅-NO; it is used to make azo compounds


norcholestane

(organic chemistry) Any of several norsteroids derived from cholestane


norsteroid

(organic chemistry) Any compound derived from a named steroid by removing elements of a side chain or ring


octaethyleneglycol

(organic chemistry) The dihydroxy polyether formed from eight molecules of ethylene glycol.


octylglucoside

(organic chemistry) A glycoside of glucose and octanol, used as a specialist surfactant


polyfluorene

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of electroluminescent aromatic polycyclic hydrocarbons consisting of many fluorene units attached end-to-end


tetracosane

(organic chemistry) An alkane hydrocarbon with the structural formula CH₃(CH₂)₂₂CH₃.


oligothiophene

(organic chemistry) Any of a family of oligomers of thiophenes that have useful optical or electronic properties


olefination

(organic chemistry) Any reaction that yields an olefin


palatinose

(organic chemistry) The disaccharide isomaltose


TFA

TFA (countable and uncountable, plural TFAs)

trifluoroacetic acid
trifluoroacetic acid#English

(organic chemistry) Initialism of trifluoroacetic acid.


diclofenac

From the systematic name 2-(2-(2,6-dichlorophenylamino)phenyl)acetic acid.

A study by Merck of its pain reliever Arcoxia showed similar risks of heart attacks and other cardiovascular problems compared with another painkiller, diclofenac, federal reviewers said in an analysis made public Tuesday.

2007 April 11, Reuters, “Merck Reports Risk of Its New Pain Pill”, in New York Times:

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A painkiller having the chemical formula C₁₄H₁₁Cl₂NO₂


pepstatin

(organic chemistry) A hexapeptide (containing the unusual amino acid statine) that acts as a potent inhibitor of aspartyl proteases


pentadecane

(organic chemistry) Any of very many isomeric saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having fifteen carbon atoms; but especially n-pentadecane, CH₃(CH₂)₁₃CH₃


phenylenevinylene

(organic chemistry, especially in combination) The divalent radical derived from phenylene and vinylene (used especially as a polymer)


statine

(organic chemistry) An unusual amino acid 4-amino-3-hydroxy-6-methylheptanoic acid that is a component of pepstatin; any of several derivatives of this compound


hexanediol

(organic chemistry) Any of several isomeric diols derived from hexane, but especially 1,6-hexanediol that has many industrial uses


kynurenic acid

From Ancient Greek κῠ́ων, κῠνός (kŭ́ōn, kŭnós, “dog”) + οὖρον (oûron, “urine”); so called because discovered in dog urine.

der

κῠ́ων, κῠνός

(organic chemistry) A metabolite of tryptophan that has antiexcitotoxic and anticonvulsant activity.


cordycepin

From translingual Cordyceps, a genus of fungus from certain species of which the compound was formerly extracted, + -in.

The results with cordycepin are less clear-cut. With cordycepin, low levels cause considerable inhibition of mRNA synthesis with little effect on embryo growth, suggesting that new mRNA may not be a requirement for early growth.

1982, A. Marcus, S. Rodaway, “Chapter 13: Nucleic Acid and Protein Synthesis During Germination”, in Harry Smith, Donald Grierson, editors, The Molecular Biology of Plant Development, page 347:

2011, Bao-qin Lin, Shao-ping-Li, Chapter 5: Cordyceps as an Herbal Drug, Iris F. F. Benzie, Sissi Wachtel-Galor (editors), Herbal Medicine: Biomolecular and Clinical Aspects, 2nd Edition, page 84,
Many active ingredients, such as cordycepin, polysaccharides, and ergosterol, have been isolated from various Cordyceps species and account for a range of bioactivities (Table 5.3).

Cordycepin (4, 83), isolated as a crystalline metabolic product from cultures of Cordyceps militaris, exhibits inhibitory activity toward the growth of many strains of Bacillus subtilis (84).

2012, Shan-ching Sung, “Chapter 6: Inhibitors of RNA and DNA Biosynthesis”, in R Hochster, editor, Metabolic Inhibitors: A Comprehensive Treatise, volume 3, page 184:

(biochemistry, organic chemistry) A deoxy form of adenosine.


hopane

(organic chemistry) A hopanoid hydrocarbon


androstenol

en-noun

androstenol (countable and uncountable, plural androstenols)

(organic chemistry) A steroid alcohol with a musk-like, found in human sweat and also in truffles.


phenylnitrone

(organic chemistry) Any phenyl derivative of a nitrone.


thiohydantoin

(organic chemistry) Any derivative of a hydantoin in which one or both carbonyl oxygen atoms are replaced by sulfur


phorbol

(organic chemistry) A diterpene alcohol derived from croton oil


phenylthiohydantoin

(organic chemistry) Any phenyl derivative of a thiohydantoin, but especially one formed from an amino acid in the Edman method of protein degradation