head

en-noun

head (countable and uncountable, plural heads or head)

heads (plural)
head (plural)
heed (alternative obsolete)
hed (alternative obsolete)
'ead (alternative UK pronunciation-spelling)

→ Japanese: ヘッド (heddo)

Sranan Tongo: ede

Aukan: ede

Saramaccan: hédi

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *kap-
Proto-Indo-European *káput-
Proto-Germanic *haubudą
Old English hēafod
Middle English heed
English head
From Middle English hed, from Old English hēafd-, hēafod (“head; top; chief”), from Proto-West Germanic *haubud, from Proto-Germanic *haubudą (“head”), from Proto-Indo-European *káput.
The modern word comes from Old English oblique stem hēafd-; the expected Modern English outcome for hēafod would be *heaved (similar to the Middle English word). Doublet of cape, capo, caput, chef, chief, and Howth.
Cognate with Scots heid, hede, hevid, heved (“head”), Old English hafola (“head”), North Frisian hood (“head”), Dutch hoofd (“head”), German Haupt (“head”), Swedish huvud (“head”), Danish hoved (“head”), Icelandic höfuð (“head”), Latin caput (“head”), Sanskrit कपाल (kapāla, “skull”), Hindi कपाल (kapāl, “skull”).

頭

つぶり, tsuburi, つぃぶる, tsiburu, つぃぶるぃ, tsiburi

pää

principal operative part of a machine or tool

have one's head screwed on the right way

know one's head from a hole in the ground

run around like a chicken with its head cut off

would lose one's head if it wasn't attached

would lose one's head if it wasn't bolted on

would lose one's head if it wasn't glued on

would lose one's head if it wasn't screwed on

would lose one's head if it wasn't stuck on

would lose one's head if it wasn't tied on

would lose one's head if it weren't attached

you can't put an old head on young shoulders

you can't put a wise head on young shoulders

(anatomy) The rounded part of a bone fitting into a depression in another bone to form a ball-and-socket joint.


fabella

Borrowed from New Latin fabella, diminutive of Latin faba (“bean”).

(anatomy) One of the small sesamoid bones situated behind the condyles of the femur, in some mammals.


abarticulation

* From ab- + articulation.
* Compare French abarticulation. See article

(anatomy) An articulation, especially one that permits free motion in the joint; a hinge joint.

διάρθρωση

articulation that permits free motion in the joint

diarthrosis

an articulation, especially one that permits free motion

(anatomy) A term sometimes used for diarthrosis, and also for synarthrosis. Also called dearticulation.


abdomen

First attested in 1541. Borrowed from Middle French abdomen, from Latin abdomen, possibly from abdō (“conceal”), from ab (“away”) + -dō (“put, place”).

(anatomy) The belly, or that part of the body between the thorax and the pelvis, not including the back; or in some lower vertebrates, the portion between the cardiac and caudal regions.

He was all bent over complaining of pains in the abdomen.

(anatomy) The cavity of the belly, which is lined by the peritoneum, and contains the viscera; often restricted in humans to the part between the diaphragm and the commencement of the pelvis, the remainder being called the pelvic cavity.


abduct

en-verb

abduct (third-person singular simple present abducts, present participle abducting, simple past and past participle abducted)

abducts (present singular third-person)
abducting (participle present)
abducted (participle past)
abducted (past)

From Latin abductus, perfect passive participle of abduco (“to lead away”), from ab (“away”) + duco (“to lead”).
* (physiology): Back-formation from abduction.

(transitive, anatomy) To draw away, as a limb or other part, from the median axis of the body.


abduction

en-noun

abduction (countable and uncountable, plural abductions)

From Latin abductiō(n) (“robbing; abduction”), from abdūcō (“take or lead away”), from ab (“away”) + dūcō (“to lead”). By surface analysis, abduct + -ion.
* (physiology): From French, from Latin abductus.
* Compare French abduction.

der

2013, Jain, MD, MSPH; Wilcox, PT; Katz, MD, MS; Higgins, MD, "Clinical Examination of the Rotator Cuff", PM&R Journal, retrieved from PubMed Central on 21 Jan 2018.
Abduction is performed by asking the patient to raise the arm at the side as high as they can with the examiner stabilizing the scapula by holding it down.

(anatomy) The act of abducing or abducting; a drawing apart; the movement which separates a limb or other part from the axis, or middle line, of the body.

абду́кция

physiology: movement separating limb from axis


abductor

en-noun

abductor (plural abductors or abductores)

From Medieval Latin abductor, from abdūcō + -tor.

the abductor oculi draws the eye outward.

(anatomy) A muscle which serves to draw a part out, or from the median line of the body


acantha

From Ancient Greek ἄκανθα (ákantha, “thorn”), from ἀκή (akḗ, “thorn”) + ἄνθος (ánthos, “flower”).

af

Moreover, all the outgrowths which I have said constitute the acantha are not of equal size in all the vertebrae, and Nature has done this with wonderful forethought.

1968, Margaret Tallmadge May, Galen on the usefulness of the parts of the body, translation of original by Galen, page 581:

Individual vertebral bodies (right) as seen from the side and from above. The acantha is the spiney projection on the right of each illustration: in the lower illustration the boney spinal canal is shown between the acantha and the vertebral body.

1980, Renate Zauner, Speaking of Children's Posture Problems and the Injuries They Cause, page 55:

Rotary strokes or stationary circles in the direction of the flank / Alternate from the acantha of the vertebral column in the direction of the flank (medial to lateral)

2005, Michael Foeldi, Roman Strossenreuther, Foundations of Manual Lymph Drainage, page 73:

(anatomy) A spinous process of a vertebra.


acardiac

From Ancient Greek ἀκάρδιος (akárdios, “without a heart”) + -ac, after cardiac; by surface analysis, a- + cardi- + -ac.

der

The fact of a perfect circulation in acardiac fœtuses and acardiac animals, seems strongly to indicate an important influence in the arteries.

1831, Marshall Hall, A Critical and Experimental Essay on the Circulation of the Blood, page 76:


lens

en-noun

lens (plural lenses or (obsolete) lens or (rare) lentes)

lenses (plural)
lens (obsolete plural)
lentes (plural rare)
lense (alternative)

→ Bengali: লেন্স (lenś)

→ Turkish: lens

Borrowed from Latin lēns (“lentil”), with Medieval Latin later taking on the sense of “lens”, a semantic loan from Arabic عَدْسَة (ʕadsa, “lentil; optic lens”).

semantic loan

The single-imaging optic of the mammalian eye offers some distinct visual advantages. Such lenses can take in photons from a wide range of angles, increasing light sensitivity. They also have high spatial resolution, resolving incoming images in minute detail.

2013 July-August, Fenella Saunders, “Tiny Lenses See the Big Picture”, in American Scientist:

(anatomy) The transparent crystalline structure in the eye.

عَدَسَة اَلْعَيْن

anatomy: transparent crystalline structure in the eye


Achilles tendon

en-noun

Achilles tendon (plural Achilles tendons)

Achilles tendons (plural)
Achilles' tendon (alternative)
tendon of Achilles (alternative)

Calque of New Latin Achillis tendo, a term devised by the Dutch anatomist Philip Verheyden in 1693 in reference to the mythological account of Achilles being held by the heel when dipped in the River Styx.

Superstar quarterback Aaron Rodgers, who ruptured his left Achilles tendon just four snaps into his New York Jets career, has written off this season as a “lost year,” though he feels he can “play more years” in the NFL.

2023 December 20, Sam Joseph, “Aaron Rodgers writes off this season as ‘lost year,’ but quarterback says he feels ‘I can play more years’ in NFL”, in CNN:

(anatomy) The strong tendon formed of the united tendons of the large muscles in the calf of the leg, and inserted into the bone of the heel.


os

I was once, I remember, called to a Patient, who had received a violent Contuſion in his Tibia, by which the exterior Cutis was lacerated, ſo that there was a profuſe ſanguinary Diſcharge; and the interior Membranes were ſo divellicated, that the Os or Bone very plainly appeared through the Aperture of the Vulnus or Wound.

1749, Henry Fielding, “Containing the great Address of the Landlady; the great Learning of a Surgeon, and the solid Skill in Casuistry of the worthy Lieutenant”, in The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume III, London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC, book VII, page 109:


os

Unadapted borrowing from Latin ōs (“the mouth”).

ubor

The instrument closed, as seen in Fig. 1, is then passed along the finger to the os, in and through the cervix up to the fundus of the uterus, which may be determined both by the distance and the resistance to the broad rounded head of the Capiat.

1891, Texas Medical Association, Transactions, volume 23, page 175:

[…] monocolpate (“unisulcate”) pollen grains still have a continuous aperture membrane devoid of special openings (ora) in the exine for the emergence of the pollen tube.

2009 July 6, Armen Takhtajan, Flowering Plants, Springer Science & Business Media, →ISBN:

(anatomy, sometimes botany) An opening or entrance to a passage, particularly one at either end of the cervix, internal (to the uterus) or external (to the vagina).


AA

en-noun

AA (countable and uncountable, plural AAs)

(anatomy) Initialism of ascending aorta.

(anatomy) Initialism of abdominal aorta.


AA

AA joint; AA instability

(anatomy, medicine) Initialism of atlantoaxial.

AA anastomosis

(anatomy, medicine) Initialism of arterioarterial.


wall

From Middle English wal, from Old English weall (“wall, dike, earthwork, rampart, dam, rocky shore, cliff”), from Proto-West Germanic *wall (“wall, rampart, entrenchment”), from Latin vallum (“wall, rampart, entrenchment, palisade”), from Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn, wind, roll”).
Perhaps conflated with waw (“a wall within a house or dwelling, a room partition”), from Middle English wawe, from Old English wāg, wāh (“an interior wall, divider”), see waw.
Cognate with North Frisian wal (“wall”), Saterland Frisian Waal (“wall, rampart, mound”), Dutch wal (“wall, rampart, embankment”), German Wall (“rampart, mound, embankment”), Swedish vall (“mound, wall, bank”). More at wallow, walk.

cog

the apples on the other side of the wall are the sweetest

throw enough mud at the wall and some of it will stick

throw things at the wall and see what sticks

There is definitely some sort of lump on the back wall of my throat (right side).

1982 April 24, Matthew Ross, “Personal advertisement”, in Gay Community News, page 15:

The epidermal cells of the capsule wall of Jubulopsis, with nodose "trigones" at the angles, are very reminiscent of what one finds in Frullania spp.

1992, Rudolf M[athias] Schuster, The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America: East of the Hundredth Meridian, volume V, Chicago, Ill.: Field Museum of Natural History, →ISBN, pages 4-5:

(anatomy, zoology, botany) A dividing or containing structure in an organ or cavity.

պատ

anatomy, zoology, botany: divisive or containing structure


colon

colons (plural)
cola (plural)
coli (plural)

From Latin cŏlon (“large intestine”), from Ancient Greek κόλον (kólon, “the large intestine, also food, meat, fodder”).

uder

(anatomy) Part of the large intestine; the final segment of the digestive system, after (distal to) the ileum and before (proximal to) the rectum. (Because the colon is the largest part of the large intestine (constituting most of it), it is often treated as synonymous therewith in broad or casual usage.)


Achilles heel

Achilles heels (plural)
Achilles' heel (alternative)

From the Greek hero Achilles, whom according to legend his mother held by the heel when she dipped him in the River Styx, making him invulnerable everywhere except on his heel. He was later killed by an arrow wound to the heel. Although the legend is ancient, the phrase only entered English in the 19th century. It is used as a metaphor for vulnerability, as in the earliest citation, an essay by Samuel Taylor Coleridge.

(anatomy) The Achilles tendon, the tendo Achillis.


mental

c. 1727, from Latin mentum (“the chin”) + -al.

Audio (US)

the mental nerve, the mental region

(anatomy, relational) Of or relating to the chin or median part of the lower jaw, genial.


white

en-noun

white (countable and uncountable, plural whites)

whites (plural)
whight (alternative obsolete)
whyte (alternative obsolete)
whyght (alternative obsolete)
White (alternative)

Inherited from Middle English whit, hwit, from Old English hwīt, from Proto-West Germanic *hwīt, from Proto-Germanic *hwītaz, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱweydós, a byform of *ḱweytós (“bright; shine”).
Cognates
* West Frisian wyt
*Dutch wit
* German weiß
* German weiss
* Norwegian Bokmål hvit
* Norwegian Nynorsk kvit
* Lithuanian šviẽsti (“to gleam”), šviesa (“light”)
* Old Church Slavonic свѣтъ (světŭ, “light”), свѣтьлъ (světĭlŭ, “clear, bright”)
* Persian سفید (sefid, “white”), Persian سپید (sepid, “white”)
* Avestan 𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬉𐬙𐬀 (spaēta, “white”)
* Sanskrit श्वेत (śvetá, “white, bright”).

bělásek

common name for butterflies in the subfamily Pierinae

You could see from afar the white of their eyeballs glistening.

1899 February, Joseph Conrad, “The Heart of Darkness”, in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, volume CLXV, number M, New York, N.Y.: The Leonard Scott Publishing Company, […], →OCLC, part I, page 203:

(countable) Any object or substance that is of the color white.


tuba

Compared with skulls of darwini, skulls of andium are smaller with shorter tooth rows (fig. 13), have less globular bullae that taper more gradually to the tubae, and a shorter, proportionately narrower rostrum with nasals usually relatively blunt behind and seldom projecting posteriorly far behind the premaxillae (pl. 11).

1958, Oliver P[ayne] Pearson, “Phyllotis andium”, in A Taxonomic Revision of the Rodent Genus Phyllotis (University of California Publications in Zoology; volume 56, number 4), Berkeley, Calif.: University of California Press, →OCLC, page 437:


trapezoid

/ˈtɹæpəzɔɪd/

/ˈtɹæpəzɔɪd/

From Ancient Greek τραπέζιον (trapézion, “irregular quadrilateral”, literally “a little table”) + -oid (“resembling”).

der

(anatomy) The trapezoid bone of the wrist.


hemisphere

hemispheres (plural)
hemisphære (alternative)

→ Welsh: hemisffer

From Latin hemisphaerium, from Ancient Greek ἡμισφαίριον (hēmisphaírion), from ἡμι- (hēmi-, “half”) + σφαῖρα (sphaîra, “sphere”). Equivalent to hemi- + sphere. Displaced native Old English healftrendel (literally “half-sphere”).

ncog

(anatomy) Either of the two halves of the cerebrum. .

cerebral hemisphere

anatomy: either of the two lobes of the cerebellum


stem

From Middle English stem, stemme, stempne, stevin, from Old English stemn, from Proto-West Germanic *stamni, from Proto-Germanic *stamniz, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand, stay”).

der

the apple does not fall far from the stem

(anatomy) A part of an anatomic structure considered without its possible branches or ramifications.


arm

From Middle English arm, from Old English earm, from Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz (“arm”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂(e)rmos (“a fitting, joint; arm, forequarter”), a suffixed form of *h₂er- (“to join, fit together”).
Cognates
Akin to Dutch arm, German Arm, Yiddish אָרעם (orem), Danish, Norwegian and Swedish arm. Indo-European cognates include Latin armus (“the uppermost part of the arm, shoulder”), Bulgarian рамо (ramo), Polish ramię, Serbo-Croatian rȁme, Armenian արմունկ (armunk, “elbow”), Ancient Greek ἁρμός (harmós, “joint, shoulder”) and ἅρμα (hárma, “wagon, chariot”), Avestan 𐬀𐬭𐬨𐬀 (arma), Old Persian [script needed] (arma).

cog

break one's arm patting oneself on the back

one can't carry two watermelons under one arm

She stood with her right arm extended and her palm forward to indicate “Stop!”

When Timothy and Julia hurried up the staircase to the bedroom floor, where a considerable commotion was taking place, Tim took Barry Leach with him. He had him gripped firmly by the arm, since he felt it was not safe to let him loose, and he had no immediate idea what to do with him.

1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 19, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:

And you stare at me
In your Jesus Christ pose
Arms held out
Like you've been carrying a load

1991, “Jesus Christ Pose”, in Chris Cornell (lyrics), Soundgarden (music), Badmotorfinger, performed by Soundgarden, Track 4:

(anatomy) The portion of the upper human appendage, from the shoulder to the wrist and sometimes including the hand.

The arm and forearm are parts of the upper limb in the human body.

(anatomy) The extended portion of the upper limb, from the shoulder to the elbow.


finger

Sranan Tongo: finga

PIE word
 *pénkʷe
From Middle English fynger, finger, from Old English finger (“finger”), from Proto-West Germanic *fingr, from Proto-Germanic *fingraz (“finger”), from Proto-Indo-European *penkʷrós, from *pénkʷe (“five”). Compare West Frisian finger, Low German/German Finger, Dutch vinger, Danish, Norwegian, and Swedish finger; also Old Armenian հինգեր-որդ (hinger-ord, “fifth”). More at five.

sormi

something similar in function to a finger

Humans have two hands and ten fingers. Each hand has one thumb and four fingers.

[M]aking a Cut here big enough to put her Finger in, which ſhe thruſts under the Guts, and with it rakes or tears out the Stone that lies neareſt to it.

1750, W[illiam] Ellis, The Country Housewife's Family Companion […] , London: James Hodges; B. Collins, →OCLC, page 157:

Each finger extended represents one-eighth of a cent. Thus when all four fingers and the thumb are extended, all being spread out from one another, it means five-eighths.

1916, “The Finger Talk of Chicago's Wheat-Pit”, in Popular Science Monthly, Vol. 89, p. 81:

In 1993 [Victor Candia] noticed that the fingers of his left hand were starting to curl up as he played [on his guitar]. It felt to him as if a magnet in his palm were preventing him from opening them. A week later, he could not play at all.

2014 March 29, “Don’t cramp my style”, in The Economist, volume 410, number 8880:

(anatomy) A slender jointed extremity of the human hand, (often) exclusive of the thumb.

掌頭仔 /掌头仔

chńg-thâu-á / chéng-thâu-á / chńg-thâu--á / chín-thâu--á

Something similarly extending, (especially) from a larger body, particularly:

(anatomy, obsolete) A lobe of the liver.


anterior

Borrowed from Latin anterior (“that is before, foremost”).

bor+

(anatomy) Nearer the forward end, especially in the front of the body; nearer the head or forepart of an animal.

(botany) (of a part of a flower or leaf) Situated further away from the mainstem.

(phonetics) Pronounced with an obstruction located in front of the palato-alveolar region of the mouth, e.g. b, p, d, t.

Transillumination of anterior teeth, using the composite curing light placed labially to shine through the tooth and be viewed using the mouth mirror, shows up any cavities as dark interproximal shadows.

2013, Carole Hollins, Questions and Answers for Dental Nurses, page 44:

Her anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and medial collateral ligament (MCL) are torn and Vonn has a lateral fracture of the tibial plateau, the upper end of the tibia or shin bone.

2013 February 6, Jen Christiensen, “Vonn’s injury ‘career-delayer,’ not ‘career ender’”, in CNN:


project

en-verb

project (third-person singular simple present projects, present participle projecting, simple past and past participle projected)

projects (present singular third-person)
projecting (participle present)
projected (participle past)
projected (past)

/pɹəˈd͡ʒɛkt/

From Latin prōiectus, perfect passive participle of prōiciō (“throw forth, extend; expel”).

(neuroanatomy) (of a neuron or group of neurons) to have axon(s) extending to and therefore able to influence a remote location


collateral

en-noun

collateral (countable and uncountable, plural collaterals)

/kəˈlætəɹəl/

Recorded since c.1378, from Old French, from Medieval Latin collaterālis, from Latin col- (“together with”) (a form of con-) + the stem of latus (“side”). By surface analysis, col- + lateral.

Besides the arteries blood streams through numerous veins we call collaterals.

(anatomy) A branch of a bodily part or system of organs.

(anatomy) A thinner blood vessel providing an alternate route to blood flow in case the main vessel becomes occluded.


vertebra

vertebra (plural vertebrae or (obsolete) vertebræ or vertebras)

vertebrae (plural)
vertebræ (obsolete plural)
vertebras (plural)

Borrowing from Latin vertebra (“a joint”), from vertō (“to turn”) + -bra (instrumental nominal suffix). Having multiple vertebrae (plural of vertebra) in one's backbone instead of having a single bone or solid spine, allows for the movement of the body with bends and turns. Hence meaning 1.

af

Meronyms: see Thesaurus:vertebra

Already I seemed to hear the water rippling against the desiccated bones and rattling them together, rolling my skull against Mahomed's, and his against mine, till at last Mahomed's stood straight up upon its vertebræ, and glared at me through its empty eyeholes, and cursed me with its grinning jaws, because I, a dog of a Christian, disturbed the last sleep of a true believer.

1886 October – 1887 January, H[enry] Rider Haggard, She: A History of Adventure, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., published 1887, →OCLC:

(anatomy) Any of the bony or cartilaginous segments which make up the backbone, consisting in some lower vertebrates of several distinct elements which never become united, and in higher vertebrates having a short more or less cylindrical body whose ends articulate by pads of elastic or cartilaginous tissue with those of adjacent vertebrae and a bony arch that encloses the spinal cord.

werwel

any of the small bones making up the backbone


olive

→ Maori: ōriwa

From Middle English olyve, from Old French olive (“olive, olive tree”), from Latin olīva (“olive”), itself either from Etruscan *𐌄𐌋𐌄𐌉𐌅𐌀 (*eleiva), Pre-Classical Greek *ἐλαίϝα (*elaíwa) (compare Mycenaean Greek 𐀁𐀨𐀷 (e-ra-wa), Ancient Greek ἐλαία (elaía)), or the same source as those two. In any case, ultimately from a Mediterranean Pre-Greek source, possibly Proto-Berber *wlw (“wild olive”). More questionably, maybe from Proto-Indo-European *loiwom (compare Old Church Slavonic лои (loi, “tallow”), Old Armenian եւղ (ewł, “oil”)). Doublet of oliva. Displaced native Old English eleberġe, literally "oil berry."

(neuroanatomy) An olivary body, part of the medulla oblongata.


sill

From Middle English sille, selle, sülle, from Old English syll, syl (“sill, threshold, foundation, base, basis”), from Proto-Germanic *sulī (“bar, sill”), from Proto-Indo-European *sel-, *swel- (“beam, board, frame, threshold”).
Cognate with Scots sil, sill (“balk, beam, floor, sill”), Dutch zulle (“sill”), Low German Sull, Sülle (“threshold, ramp, sill”), German Süll, Sülle (“threshold, sill”), Danish syld (“base of a framework building”), Swedish syll (“joist, cross-tie”), Norwegian syll, Icelandic syll, sylla (“sill”). Related also to German Schwelle ( > Danish svelle), Old Norse svill, Latin silva (“wood, forest”), Ancient Greek ὕλη (húlē).

cog

the nasal sill

(anatomy) A raised area at the base of the nasal aperture in the skull.


scalene

Borrowed from Late Latin scalēnus (“of unequal sides”), from Ancient Greek σκᾰληνός (skălēnós, “uneven, unequal”).

bor

(anatomy) Of or pertaining to the scalene muscle.


scalene

scalenes (plural)
scalenus (alternative)


pancreas

en-noun

pancreas (plural pancreases or pancreata)

Existing in English since the sixteenth century: from Latin pancreas, from Ancient Greek πάγκρεας (pánkreas), from πᾶν (pân, “all”) (equivalent to English pan-) + κρέας (kréas, “flesh”).

Chronic pancreatitis is a condition in which the pancreas is inflamed or swells for an extended period.

2024 October 9, Maxine Lipner, “What Does It Mean When Your Poop Floats?”, in Health:

(anatomy) A gland near the stomach which secretes a fluid into the duodenum to assist with food digestion.


pyramidal

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-pyramidal.wav


leaflet

leaflets (plural)
leavelet (alternative rare)

(anatomy) A flap of a valve of a heart or blood vessel.


tract

From Middle English tract, tracte, traht (“a treatise, exposition, commentary”), from Old English traht, tract (“a treatise, exposition, commentary, text, passage”); and also from Middle English tract, tracte (“an expanse of space or time”); both from Latin tractus (“a haul, drawing, a drawing out”), the perfect passive participle of trahō. Doublet of trait.

der

(anatomy) A series of connected body organs, such as the digestive tract.

kanava (as in ruoansulatuskanava, selkäydinkanava)


duct

Borrowed from Latin ductus (“leading, conducting”, noun), from dūcō (“to lead, conduct, draw”) + -tus (action noun suffix). Doublet of ductus and douit. Also via Medieval Latin ductus (“a conveyance of water; a channel”), which itself has the first mentioned etymology.

شَأن

pipe, tube or canal which carries air or liquid from one place to another

A pipe, tube or canal which carries gas or liquid from one place to another

(anatomy) A vessel for conveying lymph or glandular secretions such as tears or bile


AC

ACs (plural)
a.c. (alternative)
A/C (alternative)
a/c (alternative)
A.C. (alternative)
a.c. (alternative)
ac (alternative)
A.C. (alternative)
A.C. (alternative)
A. C. (alternative)
a.c. (alternative)

anterior chamber
anterior chamber#English

(anatomy) Initialism of anterior chamber.


AC

a.c. (alternative)
A/C (alternative)
a/c (alternative)
A.C. (alternative)
a.c. (alternative)
ac (alternative)
A.C. (alternative)
A.C. (alternative)
A. C. (alternative)
a.c. (alternative)

AC joint; AC separation

(anatomy, medicine) Initialism of acromioclavicular.


SA

SA block; SA node

(anatomy, medicine) Abbreviation of sinoatrial or sinoauricular.


PA

en-noun

PA (countable and uncountable, plural PAs)

pulmonary artery
pulmonary artery#English

(anatomy) Initialism of pulmonary artery.


SI

SI joint

(anatomy, medicine) Initialism of sacroiliac.


LA

(anatomy, medicine) Initialism of left atrium.


OR

OR (countable and uncountable, plural ORs)

(anatomy, countable) Initialism of odorant receptor.

(anatomy, countable) Initialism of olfactory receptor.


mouth

Sranan Tongo: mofo

Aukan: mofu

From Middle English mouth, from Old English mūþ, from Proto-West Germanic *munþ, from Proto-Germanic *munþaz (“mouth”), from Proto-Indo-European *ment- (“to chew; jaw, mouth”). Cognate with Scots mooth (“mouth”), North Frisian müd, müth, müss (“mouth”), West Frisian mûn (“mouth”), Dutch mond (“mouth”), muide (“river mouth”) and mui (“riptide”), German Mund (“mouth”), Swedish mun (“mouth”), Norwegian munn (“mouth”), Danish mund (“mouth”), Faroese muður, munnur (“mouth”), Icelandic munnur (“mouth”), Gothic 𐌼𐌿𐌽𐌸𐍃 (munþs, “mouth”), Latin mentum (“chin”) and mandō (“to chew”), Ancient Greek μάσταξ (mástax, “jaws, mouth”) and μασάομαι (masáomai, “to chew”), Albanian mjekër (“chin, beard”), Welsh mant (“jawbone”), Hittite [script needed] (mēni, “chin”). The verb is from Middle English mouthen, from the noun.

cog

butter would not melt in someone's mouth

laugh out of the other side of one's mouth

you kiss your girlfriend with that mouth

you kiss your grandfather with that mouth

you kiss your grandmother with that mouth

"Open your mouth and say 'aah'," directed the doctor.

I made a speaking trumpet of my hands and commenced to whoop “Ahoy!” and “Hello!” at the top of my lungs. […] The Colonel woke up, and, after asking what in brimstone was the matter, opened his mouth and roared “Hi!” and “Hello!” like the bull of Bashan.

1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter VII, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y.; London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:

(anatomy) The front opening of a creature through which food is ingested.

mdon

the opening of a creature through which food is ingested


elbow

From Middle English elbowe, from Old English elboga, elnboga (“elbow”), from Proto-Germanic *alinabugô (“elbow”), equivalent to ell + bow. Cognate with Scots elbuck (“elbow”), Saterland Frisian Älbooge (“elbow”), Dutch elleboog (“elbow”), Low German Ellebage (“elbow”), German Ellbogen, Ellenbogen (“elbow”), Danish albue (“elbow”), Icelandic olbogi, olnbogi (“elbow”).

know the difference between one's ass and one's elbow

Up to the elbowes naked were there Armes.

1627, Michael Drayton, “The Moone-Calfe”, in English Poetry 1579-1830: Spenser and the Tradition, archived from the original on 2016-07-19:

Elbows almost touching they leaned at ease, idly reading the almost obliterated lines engraved there. ¶ "I never understood it," she observed, lightly scornful. "What occult meaning has a sun-dial for the spooney? I'm sure I don't want to read riddles in a strange gentleman's optics."

1907, Robert W. Chambers, chapter VIII, in The Younger Set:

(anatomy) The joint between the upper arm and the forearm.


leg

→ Finnish: legi

→ Hungarian: leg

From Middle English leg, legge, from Old Norse leggr (“leg, calf, bone of the arm or leg, hollow tube, stalk”), from Proto-Germanic *lagjaz, *lagwijaz (“leg, thigh”) (see it for more).
Cognate with Scots leg (“leg”), Icelandic leggur (“leg, limb”), Norwegian Bokmål legg (“leg”), Norwegian Nynorsk legg (“leg”), Swedish lägg (“leg, shank, shaft”), Danish læg (“leg”), Lombardic lagi (“thigh, shank, leg”), Latin lacertus (“limb, arm”), Persian لنگ (leng). Upon borrowing, mostly displaced the native Old English term sċanca (Modern English shank).

der

don't pee on my leg and tell me it's raining

don't piss on my leg and tell me it's raining

piss on someone's leg and tell them it's raining

(anatomy) The portion of the lower limb of a human that extends from the knee to the ankle.

eka

portion of the lower appendage from knee to ankle


foot

en-noun

foot (plural feet or (UK colloquial, unit of measure) foot)

feet (plural)
foot (plural)
foote (alternative obsolete)
feets (alternative dialectal)
foots (alternative nonstandard)

→ Assamese: ফুট (phut)

q

from <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">feet</i>

→ Japanese: フット (futto), フート (fūto); フィート (fīto) (from feet)

→ Russian: фут (fut)

Sranan Tongo: futu

Aukan: futu

Saramaccan: fútu

→ Swahili: futi

→ Thai: ฟุต (fút)

Tok Pisin: fut, put

→ Urdu: فٹ (fuṭ)

→ Phalura: fuṭ

From Middle English fot, fote, foot, from Old English fōt, from Proto-West Germanic *fōt, from Proto-Germanic *fōts, from Proto-Indo-European *pṓds. Doublet of pes, pie (“Spanish unit of length”), and pous.

doublet

not touch something with a ten-foot pole

you cannot put the same shoe on every foot

Southern Italy is shaped like a foot.

And when I ſawe him, I fell at his feete as dead : and hee laid his right hand vpon me, ſaying vnto mee, Feare not, *I am the firſt,and the laſt.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Revelation 1:17:

(anatomy) Specifically, a human foot, which is found below the ankle and is used for standing and walking.


knee

en-noun

knee (plural knees or (obsolete or dialectal) kneen)

knees (plural)
kneen (dialectal obsolete plural)

From Middle English kne, from Old English cnēow, from Proto-West Germanic *kneu, from Proto-Germanic *knewą, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵnéw-o-m, a thematic derivative of *ǵónu.
See also West Frisian knibbel, Low German Knee, Knie, Dutch knie, German Knie, Danish knæ, Norwegian kne, Swedish knä; also Hittite 𒄀𒉡 (genu), Latin genū, Tocharian A kanweṃ (dual), Tocharian B kenī, Ancient Greek γόνυ (gónu, “knee”), γωνία (gōnía, “corner, angle”), Welsh glin (“knee”), Old Armenian ծունր (cunr), Avestan 𐬲𐬥𐬎𐬨 (žnum), Sanskrit जानु (jā́nu).
The obsolete plural kneen is from Middle English kneen, knen, kneon, kneuwene.

Penny was wearing a miniskirt, so she skinned her exposed knees when she fell.

He made him ſtoup perforce vnto his knee, / And doe vnwilling worſhip to the Saint, / That on his ſhield depainted he did ſee[…]

1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto V”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, page 249:

KORRIS: I have tasted your heart. You have been with them, but you are still "of" us. Do not deny the challenge of your destiny. Get off your knees and soar. Open your eyes and let the dream take flight.

1988 March 21, Vaughn Armstrong, Heart of Glory (Star Trek: The Next Generation) (Science Fiction), Paramount Domestic Television, →OCLC:

(anatomy) In humans, the joint or the region of the joint in the middle part of the leg between the thigh and the shank.

ашьамхы

joint in the middle of the leg and area around it


neck

From Middle English nekke, nakke, from Old English hnecca, *hnæcca (“neck, nape”), from Proto-Germanic *hnakkô (“nape, neck”), from Proto-Indo-European *knog-, *kneg- (“back of the head, nape, neck”). Cognate with Scots nek (“neck”), North Frisian neek, neeke, Nak (“neck”), Saterland Frisian Näkke (“neck”), West Frisian nekke (“neck”), Dutch nek (“neck”), German Low German Nack (“neck”), German Nacken (“nape of the neck”), Danish nakke (“neck”), Swedish nacke (“nape of the neck”), Icelandic hnakki (“neck”), Tocharian A kñuk (“neck, nape”). Possibly a mutated variant of *kneug/k (compare Old English hnocc (“hook, penis”), Welsh cnwch (“joint, knob”), Latvian knaūķis (“dwarf”). Doublet of nek. More at nook. Displaced halse (“neck, throat”) and swire (“neck”).

Giraffes have long necks.

Mother, help me, there's a head attached to my neck and I'm in it.

2019 October 15, ZA/UM, Robert Kurvitz, quoting You, Disco Elysium, →OCLC:

(anatomy) The part of the body connecting the head and the trunk found in humans and some animals.

loŋo

part of body connecting the head and the trunk


face

Sranan Tongo: fesi

→ Danish: fjæs

→ Norwegian:

Norwegian Bokmål: fjes

Norwegian Nynorsk: fjes

→ Swedish: fejs, fjäs

→ Wu: 番斯 (¹fe-sy)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-?
Latin faciēs
Late Latin facia
Old French facebor.
Middle English face
English face
From Middle English face, from Old French face, from Late Latin facia, from Latin faciēs (“form, appearance”). Doublet of facies. Displaced native onlete (“face, countenance, appearance”), anleth (“face”), from Old English anwlite, andwlita, compare German Antlitz; Old English ansīen (“face”), Middle English neb (“face, nose”) (from Old English nebb), Middle English ler, leor, leer (“face, cheek, countenance”) (from Old English hlēor), and non-native Middle English vis (“face, appearance, look”) (from Old French vis) and Middle English chere (“face”) from Old French chere.
In the sense of face as in reputation, influenced by Chinese 面子 (miànzi) or 臉／脸 (liǎn), both of which mean literally the front of the head and metaphorically one's public image. See lose face.

noncog

talk to the hand 'cause the face ain't listening

That girl has a pretty face.

The monkey pressed its face against the railings.

It was a joy to snatch some brief respite, and find himself in the rectory drawing–room. Listening here was as pleasant as talking; just to watch was pleasant. The young priests who lived here wore cassocks and birettas; their faces were fine and mild, yet really strong, like the rector's face; and in their intercourse with him and his wife they seemed to be brothers.

1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter X, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:

‘Children crawled over each other like little grey worms in the gutters,’ he said. ‘The only red things about them were their buttocks and they were raw. Their faces looked as if snails had slimed on them and their mothers were like great sick beasts whose byres had never been cleared.[…]’

1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 7, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:

(anatomy) The front part of the head of a human or other animal, featuring the eyes, nose, and mouth, and the surrounding area.


polydactylism

en-noun

polydactylism (usually uncountable, plural polydactylisms)

From polydactyl + -ism; compare French polydactylisme.

Devendra Harne, pictured above, (India; born January 9, 1995) also has 25 in total (12 fingers and 13 toes) as a result of the condition polydactylism.

2008, Guinness World Records — Human Body — Extreme Bodies — Most Fingers and Toes — Living Person:

(anatomy) The possession of more than the normal number of digits.


heel

From Middle English hele, from Old English hēla, from Proto-West Germanic *hą̄hilō, from Proto-Germanic *hanhilaz, diminutive of Proto-Germanic *hanhaz (“heel, hock”), equivalent to hock + -le. More at hock.
Compare North Frisian haiel, West Frisian hyl, Dutch hiel, German Low German Hiel, Danish and Norwegian hæl, Swedish häl.

couldn't pour water out of a boot with the instructions on the heel

He [the stag] calls to mind his strength and then his speed, / His winged heels and then his armed head.

(anatomy) The rear part of the foot, where it joins the leg.


womb

From Middle English wombe, wambe, from Old English womb, wamb (“belly, stomach; bowels; heart; womb; hollow”), from Proto-West Germanic *wambu, from Proto-Germanic *wambō (“belly, stomach, abdomen”). Cognate with Scots wam, wame (“womb”), Dutch wam (“dewlap of beef; belly of a fish”), German Wamme, Wampe (“paunch, belly”), Danish vom (“belly, paunch, rumen”), Swedish våmb (“belly, stomach, rumen”), Norwegian vom (“rumen”), Icelandic vömb (“belly, abdomen, stomach”), Old Welsh gumbelauc (“womb”), Breton gwamm (“woman, wife”), Sanskrit वपा (vapā́, “the skin or membrane lining the intestines or parts of the viscera, the caul or omentum”). Superseded non-native Middle English mater, matere (“womb”) and matris, matrice (“womb”) borrowed from Latin māter (“womb”) and Old French matrice (“womb”), respectively.

cog

I danced myself right out the womb / Is it strange to dance so soon?

1971, Marc Bolan, “Cosmic Dancer”, in Electric Warrior, performed by T. Rex:

(anatomy) In female mammals, the organ in which the young are conceived and grow until birth; the uterus.


vocal

en-adj

vocal (comparative more vocal, superlative most vocal)

more vocal (comparative)
most vocal (superlative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Mélange a trois-vocal.wav

Late Middle English vocal, borrowed from Latin vōcālis (“uttering a voice, sounding, speaking”), from vōx (“a voice, sound, tone”) + -ālis (“-al”, adjectival suffix). Doublet of vowel and vocalis. Compare Old French vocal.

af

vocal apparatus

Of, pertaining to, or resembling the human voice or speech.

(anatomy) Used in the production of speech sounds.


facet

(anatomy) One member of a compound eye, as found in insects and crustaceans.

фасе́та

anatomy: one member of a compound eye, as found in insects and crustaceans

दृष्टि कोशिकाः

dṛṣṭi kośikāḥ

the articular facet of a bone

(anatomy) A smooth circumscribed surface.

(anatomy) Any of the small joints at each segment of the spine that provide stability and help guide motion


eyelash

eyelashes (plural)
eye-lash (alternative)
eye lash (alternative)

(anatomy, dermatology) One of the hairs which grows along the edge of eyelids.


lend

lends (plural)
leynd (alternative)
leind (alternative)
lind (alternative)
lende (alternative)

From Middle English lende (usually in plural as lendes, leendes, lyndes), from Old English lendenu, lendino (“loins”), plural of Old English lenden (“loin”), from Proto-West Germanic *landī, from Proto-Germanic *landį̄ (“loin”), from Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ- (“loin, kidney”). Cognate with Scots lend, leynd (“the loins, flank, buttocks”), Dutch lendenen (“loins, reins”), German Lenden (“loins”), Swedish länder (“loins”), Danish lænd (“loin”), Icelandic lendar (“loins”), Latin lumbus (“loin”) (whence loin),
Polish lędźwie (“loins”),
Russian ля́двея (ljádveja, “thigh, haunch”).

cog

(anatomy, UK dialectal) The lumbar region; loin.


rod

From Middle English rodde, from Old English *rodd or *rodde (attested in dative plural roddum (“rod, pole”)), of uncertain origin, but probably from Proto-Germanic *rudd- (“stick, club”), from Proto-Indo-European *rewdʰ- (“to clear land”). Compare Old Norse rudda (“club”). For the root, compare English rid. Presumably unrelated to Proto-Germanic *rōdō (“rod, pole”).

der

The rods are more sensitive than the cones, but do not discern color.

(anatomy) A rod cell: a rod-shaped cell in the eye that is sensitive to light.

пръчица

part of the retina of the eye — see also rod cell


canal

→ Scottish Gaelic: canàl

Borrowed from Middle French canal, from Old French canal, from Latin canālis (“channel; canal”), from canālis (“canal”), from canna (“reed, cane”), from Ancient Greek κάννα (kánna, “reed”), from Akkadian 𒄀 (qanû, “reed”), from Sumerian 𒄀𒈾 (gi.na). Doublet of channel.

(anatomy, botany) A tubular channel within the body or within a plant.


central

en-adj

central (comparative more central, superlative most central)

more central (comparative)
most central (superlative)

Borrowed from Latin centrālis, from centrum (“centre”), from Ancient Greek κέντρον (kéntron); by surface analysis, centre + -al.

(anatomy) Exerting its action towards the peripheral organs.


hamstring

From ham (“region back of the knee joint”) + string.

affix

(anatomy) One of the great tendons situated in each side of the ham, or space back of the knee, and connected with the muscles of the back of the thigh.


bridge

bridges (plural)
bridg (alternative obsolete)
brigge (alternative)

From Middle English brigge, from Old English brycġ (“bridge”), from Proto-Germanic *brugjō, *brugjǭ (“bridge”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerw-, *bʰrēw- (“wooden flooring, decking, bridge”).
Cognate with Scots brig, brigg, breeg (“bridge”), Saterland Frisian Brääch (“bridge”), West Frisian brêge (“bridge”), Dutch brug (“bridge”), German Brücke (“bridge”), Danish brygge (“wharf”), Icelandic brygga (“pier”), Gaulish briua (“bridge”).
The verb is from Middle English briggen, from Old English brycġian (“to bridge, make a causeway, pave”), derived from the noun. Cognate with Dutch bruggen (“to bridge”), Middle Low German bruggen (“to bridge”), Old High German bruccōn (“to bridge”) (whence Modern German brücken).
The musical connection sense is a semantic loan from German Steg, from Old High German steg.

ацҳа

if someone told you to jump off a bridge, would you do it

Rugby players often break the bridge of their noses.

A construction or natural feature that spans a divide.

(anatomy) The upper bony ridge of the human nose.


bone marrow

en-noun

bone marrow (usually uncountable, plural bone marrows)

bone marrows (plural)
bonemarrow (alternative)

(anatomy) The fatty vascular tissue that fills the cavities of bones, being the place where new blood cells are produced.


cement

cement (countable and uncountable, plural cements)

cements (plural)
caement (alternative archaic)
cæment (alternative archaic)

→ Arabic: أَسْمَنْت (ʔasmant)

→ Chinese:

q

Mandarin: 水門汀 /水门汀 (shuǐméntīng) (chiefly Southwestern, Northeastern, and Jianghuai)

desc

Wu: 水門汀 /水门汀

Wu: 水門汀 /水门汀

→ Fiji Hindi: simit

→ Irish: suimint

→ Japanese: セメント (semento)

→ Kashubian: cymańt (Canada)

→ Korean: 시멘트 (simenteu)

→ Malay: simen

→ Punjabi: ਸੀਮਿੰਟ (sīmiṇṭ)

→ Swahili: simiti, sementi

→ Thai: ซีเมนต์ (sii-men)

→ Tok Pisin: simen

→ Welsh: sment

From Middle English syment, cyment, from Old French ciment, from Latin caementum (“quarry stone; stone chips for making mortar”), from caedō (“I cut, hew”). Doublet of cementum.

derived

(anatomy) The layer of bone investing the root and neck of a tooth; cementum.


ball

en-noun

ball (countable and uncountable, plural balls)

→ Cantonese: 波 (bo¹)

→ Japanese: ボール (bōru)

→ Makah: ba·la

→ Yoruba: bọ́ọ̀lù

From Middle English bal, ball, balle, from an unattested Old English *beall, *bealla (“round object, ball”) or Old Norse bǫllr (“a ball”), both from Proto-Germanic *balluz, *ballô (“ball”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰol-n- (“ball, bubble”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰel- (“to blow, inflate, swell”). Cognate with Old Saxon ball, Dutch bal, Old High German bal, ballo (German Ball (“ball”); Ballen (“bale”)). Related forms in Romance are borrowings from Germanic. See also balloon, bale.

ампыл

object, generally spherical, used for playing games

туп

ballistics: a solid nonexplosive missile

cold enough to freeze the balls off a brass monkey

A roundish, protuberant portion of some part of the body.

(anatomy) The front of the bottom of the foot, just behind the toes.


belly

bellies (plural)
bellie (alternative archaic)

Hawaiian Creole: belly

desctree

Sranan Tongo: bere
Aukan: bee
Saramaccan: bë́ë

Inherited from Middle English bely, beli, bali, below, belew, balyw, from Old English bielġ (“bag, pouch, bulge”), from Proto-West Germanic *balgi, *balgu, from Proto-Germanic *balgiz, *balguz (“skin, hide, bellows, bag”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵʰ- (“to swell, blow up”). Cognate with Dutch balg, German Balg, Danish bælg, Old Irish bolg, Welsh bol. Doublet of bellows, blague, bulge, and budge. See also bellows.
For the belly — bellows connection compare typologically Macedonian мев (mev, “abdomen, belly; bellows”). Also compare Ancient Greek φῦσα (phûsa, “bellows; bladder; ...”), Latin venter — vēsīca, Russian пу́зо (púzo) — пузы́рь (puzýrʹ), пузырёк (puzyrjók).

m+

one's belly thinks one's throat has been cut

Before I formed thee in the bellie, I knew thee; […]

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Jeremiah 1:5:

(anatomy, countable) uterus (a reproductive organ of therian mammals in which the young are conceived and develop until birth)


deep

en-adj

deep (comparative deeper or more deep, superlative deepest or most deep)

deeper (comparative)
more deep (comparative)
deepest (superlative)
most deep (superlative)
deepe (alternative obsolete)

shallow

antonym(s) of “in extent in a direction away from the observer”

shallow

antonym(s) of “thick in a vertical direction”

light

antonym(s) of “of a color, dark and highly saturated”

From Middle English depe, deep, dep, deop, from Old English dēop (“deep, profound; awful, mysterious; heinous; serious, solemn, earnest; extreme, great”), from Proto-West Germanic *deup, from Proto-Germanic *deupaz (“deep”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ-nós, from *dʰewbʰ- (“deep”).
Cognates
Cognate with Scots depe (“deep”), Saterland Frisian djoop (“deep”), West Frisian djip (“deep”), Low German deep (“deep”), Dutch diep (“deep”), German tief (“deep”), Danish dyb (“deep”), Norwegian Bokmål dyp (“deep”), Norwegian Nynorsk and Swedish djup (“deep”), Icelandic djúpur (“deep”), Lithuanian dubùs (“deep, hollow”), Albanian det (“sea”), Welsh dwfn (“deep”).

inh

the brachialis is deep to the biceps

The superficial fascia surrounds the body and includes subcutaneous fat; the deep fascia surrounds the musculoskeletal system; the meningeal fascia surrounds the nervous system; the visceral fascia surrounds body cavities and organs.

2018 November 8, Dr. Melina Jampolis, “The real science behind fascia ailments”, in CNN:

(of distance or position; also figurative) Extending, reaching or positioned far from a point of reference, especially downwards.

(anatomy, often with to) Further into the body.


penis

From late 17th century. Learned borrowing from Latin pēnis (“tail, penis”), from Proto-Indo-European *pes- (“penis”). Displaced native English pintle (“penis”), tarse (“penis”), pillicock (“penis”), and weapon.

learned borrowing

urogenital fold - embryological precursors

The female clitoris is homologous to the male penis.

See, the problem is that God gives men a brain and a penis, and only enough blood to run one at a time.

The penis is the perfectly obvious and natural symbol of instantaneous time.

1981, William Irwin Thompson, The Time Falling Bodies Take to Light: Mythology, Sexuality and the Origins of Culture, London: Rider/Hutchinson & Co., page 129:

A life is more valuable than a penis.

1994 January 24, Lisa Kemler, Newsweek, page 19:

1998, Collecting Mark Twain: A History and Three New Paths, Kevin Mac Donnell, Firsts Magazine, Inc.
By early November, the sheets of HUCK FINN were being forwarded for binding, and within a week or two it was discovered that the illustration at page 283 had been altered in the master plate to make it appear as if Uncle Silas was exposing his penis. Twain would be amused to know that this may be the first time the word "penis" has ever been used to describe the alteration to this plate; the euphemisms and delicate phrasings employed by previous bibliographers to avoid stating the obvious are impressive.

Okay, hold on, because “stimulus package of your dreams” sounds like how Paul Krugman describes his penis.

2016 October 16, “Third Parties”, in Last Week Tonight with John Oliver, season 3, episode 26, John Oliver (actor), via HBO:

(anatomy) The male erectile reproductive organ used for sexual intercourse that in the human male and other placental mammals is also used for urination; the tubular portion of the external male genitalia (excluding the scrotum).

नुन्नी

jocular reference while talking to a child


apex

Borrowed from Latin apex (“point, tip, summit”).

B.P. 118/68. Grade I diastolic murmur best heard over apex. Patient well and had no complaints referable to heart. Origin of the diastolic murmur is open to conjecture.

1951 March, J. H. Lehmann, A. D. Johnson, W. C. Bridges, J. Michel, D. M. Green, “Cardiac Catheterization—A Diagnostic Aid in Congenital Heart Disease”, in Northwest Medicine, volume 50, number 3, Portland, Ore.: Northwest Medical Publishing Association, page 175:

The highest or the greatest part of something, especially forming a point.

(chiefly anatomy) The pointed fine end of something.


heart

en-noun

heart (countable and uncountable, plural hearts)

hearts (plural)
hart (alternative obsolete)
harte (alternative obsolete)
hearte (alternative obsolete)

Torres Strait Creole: at

→ Bengali: হার্ট (harṭ)

→ Cantonese: heart

→ Cebuano: Heart

→ Irish: hart

→ Japanese: ハート (hāto); ハツ (hatsu) (from hearts)

→ Korean: 하트 (hateu)

→ Tagalog: Heart

PIE word
 *ḱḗr
From Middle English herte, from Old English heorte (“heart”), from Proto-West Germanic *hertā, from Proto-Germanic *hertô (“heart”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱérd (“heart”). Doublet of cardia; see also core.
Most of the modern figurative senses (such as passion or compassion, spirit, inmost feelings, especially love, affection, and courage) were present in Old English. However, the meaning “center” dates from the early 14th century.
The verb sense “to love” is from the 1977 I ❤ NY advertising campaign.

the way to a man's heart is through his stomach

[…] I did almoſt beleeve, that the motion of the Heart vvas knovvn to God alone: […]

1653, William Harvey, “The Causes which Mov’d the Author to Write”, in [anonymous], transl., The Anatomical Exercises of Dr. William Harvey […] Concerning the Motion of the Heart and Blood. […], London: […] Francis Leach, for Richard Lownes […], →OCLC, page 1:

(anatomy) A muscular organ that pumps blood through the body, traditionally thought to be the seat of emotion.


tail

Sranan Tongo: tere

From Middle English tail, tayl, teil, from Old English tæġl (“tail”), from Proto-West Germanic *tagl, from Proto-Germanic *taglą (“hair, fiber; hair of a tail”), from Proto-Indo-European *doḱ- (“hair of the tail”), from Proto-Indo-European *deḱ- (“to tear, fray, shred”). Cognate with Scots tail (“tail”), Saterland Frisian Tail (“tail, end”), West Frisian teil (“tail”), Dutch teil (“tail, haulm, blade”), Low German Tagel (“twisted scourge, whip of thongs and ropes; end of a rope”), German Zagel (“tail”), dialectal Danish tavl (“hair of the tail”), Swedish tagel (“hair of the tail, horsehair”), Norwegian tagl (“tail”), Icelandic tagl (“tail, horsetail, ponytail”), Gothic 𐍄𐌰𐌲𐌻 (tagl, “hair”). In some senses, apparently by a generalization of the usual opposition between head and tail.

cog

have the world by the tail on a downhill pull

mackerel sky and mare's-tails make lofty ships carry low sails

mackerel sky and mare's-tails make tall ships carry low sails

the cow knows not the worth of its tail till it loses it

trust someone as far as one could fling a bull by the tail

Most primates have a tail and fangs.

(anatomy) The caudal appendage of an animal that is attached to its posterior and near the anus.

hali

of cattle, in addition to reptiles, amphibians, and basically all animals that do not fall into the other categories; also used for inanimate objects and figuratively

(anatomy) The distal tendon of a muscle.


liver

en-noun

liver (countable and uncountable, plural livers)

From Middle English lyvere, lyver, from Old English lifer (“liver”), from Proto-West Germanic *libru, from Proto-Germanic *librō, from Proto-Indo-European *leyp- (“to smear, smudge, stick”), from Proto-Indo-European *ley- (“to be slimy, be sticky, glide”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian Líeuwer, Lieuwer (“liver”), West Frisian lever (“liver”), Dutch lever (“liver”), German Leber (“liver”), Danish, Norwegian and Swedish lever (“liver”) (the last three from Old Norse lifr (“liver”)). Related to live.

der

Steve Jobs is a famous liver transplant recipient.

(anatomy) A large organ in the body that stores and metabolizes nutrients, destroys toxins and produces bile. It is responsible for thousands of biochemical reactions.


crown

→ Japanese: クラウン (kuraun)

→ Korean: 크라운 (keuraun)

→ Maori: karauna

From Middle English coroune, from Anglo-Norman corone, from Latin corōna (“crown, wreath”), from Ancient Greek κορώνη (korṓnē). Doublet of corona, korona, koruna, krona, króna, and krone. Displaced native Old English corenbēag (“crown”); and Middle English kinehelm, kynehelm, from Old English cynehelm (“crown”).
* (paper size): So called because originally watermarked with a crown.

doublet

(anatomy, dentistry) The part of a tooth above the gums.


orbit

en-noun

orbit (countable and uncountable, plural orbits)

Inherited from Middle English orbite, orbita, from Latin orbita (“course, track, impression, mark”).

គន្លង

kɔɔkŭənlɔɔng

(anatomy) The bony cavity in the skull of a vertebrate containing the eyeball.

(zoology) The area around the eye of a bird or other animal.


artery

arteries (plural)
arteria (alternative)
artere (alternative)
arture (alternative)
artiue (alternative)

Late Middle English arterie, borrowing from Old French artaire and Latin artēria (“a windpipe; an artery”), from Ancient Greek ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱ (ărtērĭ́ā, “windpipe; artery”).

As we age, the major arteries of our bodies frequently become thickened with plaque, a fatty material with an oatmeal-like consistency that builds up along the inner lining of blood vessels. The reason plaque forms isn’t entirely known, but it seems to be related to high levels of cholesterol inducing an inflammatory response, which can also attract and trap more cellular debris over time.

2013 July–August, Stephen P. Lownie, David M. Pelz, “Stents to Prevent Stroke”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 4, →DOI, page 292:

(anatomy) Any of the muscular- and elastic-walled blood vessels forming part of the circulation system by which blood is conveyed away from the heart regardless of its oxygenation status; see pulmonary artery.


vein

veins (plural)
wayn (alternative obsolete)

From Middle English veyne, borrowed from Anglo-Norman veine, from Latin vēna (“a blood-vessel; vein; artery”) of uncertain origin. See vēna for more. Doublet of vena. Displaced native edre, from ǣdre (whence edder).

жи́ла

stripe or streak in stone or other material

The nurse hovered her vein finder to locate the veins in the patient's body.

An vncouth paine torments my grieued ſoule,
And death arreſts the organe of my voyce.
Who entring at the breach thy ſword hath made,
Sackes euery vaine and artier of my heart, […]

c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire, London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act II, scene vii:

(anatomy) A blood vessel that transports blood from the capillaries back to the heart.

лъынтфэ

blood vessel transporting blood towards the heart

ធមនី

thĕəʼmĕəʼnii


throttle

From Middle English *throtel, diminutive of throte (“throat”), equivalent to throat + -le. Compare German Drossel (“throttle”). More at throat.

Then up got Peg, and round the house gan scuttle, / In search of goods her customer to nail, / Until the Sultaun strain'd his princely throttle, / And hollow'd,—"Ma'am, that is not what I ail.["]

1817 (date written), Walter Scott, “[Songs and Miscellanies.] Search after Happiness; or, The Quest of Sultaun Solimaun”, in The Poetical Works of Walter Scott, Esq. […], volume X, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Company] for Arch[ibald] Constable and Co.; London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown; and John Murray, →OCLC, stanza XIX, pages 235–236:

Nor took a punch nor given a swing, / But just soaked deady round the ring / Until their brains and bloods were foul / Enough to make their throttles howl, […]

1911, John Masefield, The Everlasting Mercy, London: Sidgwick & Jackson, Ltd., page 7:

From the cabin came that horrible song: "Here's to the feet wot have walked the plank. Yo ho! for the dead man's throttle."

1915, Russell Thorndike, chapter XXXVII, in Doctor Syn:

(anatomy, archaic) The windpipe or trachea.


nut

→ Japanese: ナット (natto)

From Middle English nute, note, from Old English hnutu, from Proto-West Germanic *hnut, from Proto-Germanic *hnuts (“nut”), from a root *knu- possibly shared with Proto-Celtic *knūs and Latin nux (“nut”). Based on the form of the nouns and the restriction of the root to Germanic, Celtic and Italic, it has been argued to be of non-Indo-European (substrate) origin.
See also West Frisian nút, Dutch noot, German Nuss, Danish nød, Swedish nöt, Norwegian nøtt.

dió

walnut in particular and an element in the name of some other nuts

dióféle

literally: ’walnut-like’, the family of this fruit

walnuts, hazelnuts/peanuts, chestnuts, and related fruits

even a blind squirrel can find a nut once in a while

[...] The Tentigo, head or Nut of the Clitoris, covered by the Nymphes, as by a foreskin and the impaſſable paſſage of it [...]

1665, Dr. Chamberlain's Midwifes Practice, page 54:

GLANS, in anatomy, the anterior extremity of the penis, called by other different names, as the head of the penis, the nut of the penis, and the balanus of the penis.

1763, A New and Complete Dictionary of Arts and Sciences:

In persons troubled with tight foreskins, the matter from the urethra becomes collected between the foreskin and the nut of the penis.

1864, Edward Cox, Cox's Companion to the Sea Medicine Chest:

In this work the great Italian anatomist described a linen sheath which he claimed to have invented. Made to fit the glans, or nut of the penis, it was worn for protection against venereal disease.

1965, Peter Fryer, The Birth Controllers, page 23:

(anatomy) Senses related to male genitalia.

(archaic) The glans (structure at the extremity of the penis or of the clitoris).

I kicked him in the nuts.

(vulgar, slang, chiefly plural) A testicle.

Senses related to male genitalia.
A testicle.

бубоне́ць m (bubonécʹ, literally “small tambourine”)

As loudmouthed lovermen, these Lil Jon-endorsed ATLiens denigrate women from the window to the wall, generously offering to "make nut come out your nose."

2005 July, “Breakdown”, in Spin, page 104:

(vulgar, slang, uncountable) Semen, ejaculate, cum.

Senses related to male genitalia.
Semen, ejaculate, cum.

He just needs a good nut to make himself feel better.

[…] feelin' her pussy grippin' his dick as her nut lubricated him […]

2020, Dontavious Robinson, Gangster Mission Part One, Page Publishing, Inc, →ISBN:

(vulgar, slang, countable) Orgasm, ejaculation; especially release of semen; cumshot


valve

→ Cantonese: 嘩佬 /哗佬 (waa1 lou2)

→ Japanese: バルブ (barubu)

→ Thai: วาล์ว (waao)

From Middle English valve, from Latin valva (“double door, valve”). Doublet of valva.

the ileocolic, mitral, and semilunar valves

(anatomy) One or more membranous partitions, flaps, or folds, which permit the passage of the contents of a vessel or cavity in one direction, but stop or control the flow in the opposite direction


calf

From Middle English calf, kalf, from Old Norse kalfi, possibly derived from the same Germanic root as English calf (“young cow”) (above). Cognate with Icelandic kálfi (“calf of the leg”).

New York, New Orleans, Philadelphia, Baltimore

(anatomy) The back of the leg below the knee.

កំភួនជើង

kɑmpʰuən cəəŋ


gyre

Borrowed from Latin gȳrus (“circle; circular motion”), from Ancient Greek γῦρος (gûros, “circle; ring”), from Proto-Indo-European *gew- (“to bend; to curve”). The English word is a doublet of gyro and gyrus.

(anatomy, zootomy, archaic) Synonym of gyrus (“a fold or ridge on the cerebral cortex of the brain”).


hammer

From Middle English hamer, from Old English hamor, from Proto-West Germanic *hamar, from Proto-Germanic *hamaraz (“tool with a stone head”) (compare West Frisian hammer, Low German Hamer, Dutch hamer, German Hammer, Danish hammer, Swedish hammare). This is traditionally ascribed to Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱmoros, from *h₂éḱmō (“stone”), but see *hamaraz for further discussion.
(declare a defaulter on the stock exchange): Originally signalled by knocking with a wooden mallet.

sense

(anatomy) The malleus, a small bone of the middle ear.

hamer

bone of the middle ear — see also malleus


convoluted

en-adj

convoluted (comparative more convoluted, superlative most convoluted)

more convoluted (comparative)
most convoluted (superlative)

[B]y the means of theſe hooks, and Spikes it [a tapeworm in the intestines] might faſten it ſelf, and ſo prevent it's too eaſy ejection out of the body. For it being ſo very long, and large too, and it's body in many places winding, and convoluted, the deſcent of the fæces upon all occaſions would be apt to carry it out with them; had it not this hold, [...]

1683 April 20, Edward Tyson, “Lumbricus Latus, or a Discourse Read before the Royal Society of the Joynted Worm, […]”, in Philosophical Transactions. Giving Some Accompt of the Present Undertakings, Studies and Labours of the Ingenious in Many Considerable Parts of the World, volume XIII, number 146, Oxford: Printed at the Theater, and are to be sold by Moses Pit […], and Samuel Smith […], →OCLC, page 130:

The figure [of the constellation Anguilla] is that of the common eel in that convoluted ſtate in which it is uſually ſeen when in motion.

1754, John Hill, “ANGUILLA, the Eel”, in Urania: Or, A Compleat View of the Heavens; Containing the Antient and Modern Astronomy, in the Form of a Dictionary: […], London: Printed for T. Gardner, […], →OCLC:

Petals five, generally reflected, the three exterior ovate, hollowed; the two interior longer and convoluted.

1822, William P[aul] C[rillon] Barton, “Listera convallarioides”, in A Flora of North America. […], volume II, Philadelphia, Pa.: H[enry] C[harles] Carey & I[saac] Lea […], →OCLC, page 8:

Among the various fossil shells which abound in the secondary beds, and which are not known in a recent state, one of the most remarkable and numerous is the Genus Ammonites, commonly called Cornu Ammonis from its resemblance to the convoluted horn generally represented on the head of Jupiter Ammon in mythological history. [...] This Genus, which consists of discoid, convoluted, chambered shells with contiguous volutions, the margins of whose septa are lobated and sinuous, and whose siphunculus is dorsal, is very nearly related to Nautilus, [...]

1831 March 31, George Brettingham Sowerby, “Ammonites”, in Number XXXIV. … of the Genera of Recent and Fossil Shells, for the Use of Students in Conchology and Geology, London: G. B. Sowerby, […], →OCLC:

The great mass of cloud filling the head of the gulf had long red smears amongst its convoluted folds of grey and black, as of a floating mantle stained with blood.

1904 January 29 – October 7, Joseph Conrad, chapter VII, in Nostromo: A Tale of the Seaboard, London, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers […], published 1904, →OCLC, part third (The Lighthouse), page 347:

Closer examination, however, begins to reveal the brain as having a much more intricate structure and sophisticated organization [...]. The large convoluted (and most porridge-like) portion on top is referred to as the cerebrum.

1989, Roger Penrose, “Real Brains and Model Brains”, in The Emperor’s New Mind: Concerning Computers, Minds and The Laws of Physics, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, →ISBN; paperback edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, 1999, →ISBN, page 483:

Everyone is familiar with the Hollywood cliche of the 'mad scientist' crouching over convoluted glassware in which fuming green liquids bubble away.

1999, “Make Me a Molecule”, in Nina Hall, editor, The Age of the Molecule, London: Royal Society of Chemistry, →ISBN, page 14:

(chiefly anatomy, zoology) Having numerous overlapping coils or folds; convolute.

ոլորապտույտ

having numerous overlapping coils or folds


proton

From Ancient Greek πρῶτον (prôton), neuter of πρῶτος (prôtos, “first”).
(physics): Coined by New Zealand-British scientist Ernest Rutherford in 1920, in analogy with electron (1891), and with an additional intention of honoring English chemist William Prout. Analyzable as proto- + -on
(anatomy): (1893); a translation of German Anlage (“fundamental thing”) based on Aristotle’s phrase he prote ousia to proton.

coin

It is a well authenticated fact that, in the case of section of a peripheral nerve, the nuclei of the sheath of Schwann pass to the centre of the lumen and form the protoplasmic prota of the segments of the new nerve[…]. From studies of the development of the olfactory organs in reptiles, as reported briefly in earlier numbers of this Journal, the writer has been abundantly convinced of the truth of Beard’s statement that the olfactory prota arise from the skin[…].

1898 July, “Contributed Articles”, in C[larence] L[uther] Herrick, editor, The Journal of Comparative Neurology: A Quarterly Periodical Devoted to the Comparative Study of the Nervous System, volume VIII, number 1; 2, Granville, Oh.: […] C[harles] Judson Herrick; […], pages 27 (C. L. H., […]) and 32–33 (C. L. H.; G[eorge] E[llett] Coghill, […]):

This paper constituted the proton (the primordium, or ‘Anlage,’ if you prefer) of my own subsequent contributions, and likewise, so far as I knew at the time, of the simplified nomenclature in America.

1898 December 28, Burt G[reen] Wilder, “Some Misapprehensions as to the Simplified Nomenclature of Anatomy”, in Proceedings of the Eleventh Annual Session of the Association of American Anatomists, […], Washington, D.C.: Beresford, […], published 1899, page 23:

a, b. Prota of primitive segments (protovertebræ).[…]These soon become partially constricted off from the fore-brain, their narrow pedicles—the optic stalks—being the prota of the optic nerves. The dorsal wall of the fore-brain continues to grow forward and upward from the rest of the vesicle, and soon forms a fourth ventricle or permanent fore-brain, the proton of the cerebral hemispheres.[…]By the sixth week the otocyst has been converted by a fold into two portions—a dorsal part—the utriculus, from which three projections arise, the prota of the semicircular canals (Fig. 91), and a ventral part, the sacculus, from the anterior end of which the cochlea is developed.[…]These are the Müllerian ducts, the prota of the female internal organs of generation.[…]The cords acquire a lumen and become the prota of the seminiferous tubules.

1899, Walter P[orter] Manton, “Menstruation—Ovulation—Development of the Ovum”, in Charles Jewett, editor, The Practice of Obstetrics, New York, N.Y., Philadelphia, Penn.: Lea Brothers & Co., part II (Physiology of Pregnancy), pages 84, 97, 104, 111, and 112:

(obsolete, anatomy) Synonym of primordium.


hallux

From Late Latin hallux, from Latin allus, hallus.

His left foot winced. The hallux nail, ill-cut, / Assailed its neighbour toe with a shrewd nip.


hamulus

(botany, anatomy) A hook, or hook-like process.


masseter

Borrowed from New Latin massētēr. Compare French masséter.

(anatomy) The large muscle which runs through the rear part of the cheek from the temporal bone to the lower jaw on each side, raises the lower jaw, and assists in mastication.


masseteric

(anatomy, relational) Of or pertaining to the masseter.


ileac

(anatomy, rare) Pertaining to the ilium.


mammary gland

(anatomy) A gland that secretes milk for suckling an infant or offspring.


breast

breasts (plural)
brest (alternative obsolete)

From Middle English brest, from Old English brēost, from Proto-West Germanic *breust, from Proto-Germanic *breustą, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrews- (“to swell”). Compare West Frisian boarst, Danish bryst, Swedish bröst; cf. also Dutch borst, German Brust.

der

hope springs eternal in the human breast

Tanya’s breasts grew remarkably during pregnancy.

Amies Oelschlager said in a statement that oral contraceptives that contain estrogen may cause side effects such as headaches, nausea, and breast tenderness.

2023 July 21, Amanda Musa, “The FDA approved the US’ first over-the-counter birth control pill. What happens next?”, in CNN:

(anatomy) Either of the two organs on the front of a female human's chest, which contain the mammary glands; also the analogous organs in males.

The Wedding-Guest here beat his breast, / For he heard the loud bassoon.

1798, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, The Rime of the Ancient Mariner:

(anatomy) The chest, or front of the human thorax.


sartorial

en-adj

sartorial (comparative more sartorial, superlative most sartorial)

more sartorial (comparative)
most sartorial (superlative)

From New Latin sartorius (“pertaining to a tailor”), from Late Latin sartor (“tailor”), from Latin sarcire (“to patch, mend”).

der

(anatomy) Of or relating to the sartorius muscle.


feeler

From Middle English feler, feeler, felar, equivalent to feel + -er. Animal organ definition from 1660s. Transferred sense of "proposal put forth to observe the reaction it gets" is from 1830.

(anatomy) An antenna or appendage used for feeling, especially on an insect.

շոշափուկ

an antenna or appendage used to feel, as on an insect


ham

en-noun

ham (countable and uncountable, plural hams)

Inherited from Middle English hamme, from Old English hamm (“inner or hind part of the knee, ham”), from Proto-West Germanic *hammu, from Proto-Germanic *hamō, *hammō, *hanmō, from Proto-Indo-European *kónh₂m (“leg”).
Cognate with Dutch ham (“ham”), dialectal German Hamme (“hind part of the knee, ham”), dialectal Swedish ham (“the hind part of the knee”), Icelandic höm (“the ham or haunch of a horse”), Old Irish cnáim (“bone”), Ancient Greek κνήμη (knḗmē, “shinbone”). Compare gammon and gam.

cog

(anatomy) The region back of the knee joint; the popliteal space; the hock.


cord

en-noun

cord (countable and uncountable, plural cords)

From Middle English corde, from Old French corde, from Latin chorda, from Ancient Greek χορδή (khordḗ, “string of gut, the string of a lyre”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰerH- (“bowels, intestines”)). More at yarn and hernia.

der

spermatic cord; spinal cord; umbilical cord; vocal cords

Since spinal cord injury is associated with edema and changes in AQP4 expression, Ge and coworkers investigated the potential antiedema effect of epigallocatechin gallate and its underlying mechanism on a rat model of acute spinal cord injury.

2015 August 4, Diana Fiorentini et al., “Polyphenols as Modulators of Aquaporin Family in Health and Disease”, in Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, volume 2015, →DOI:

(anatomy) Any structure having the appearance of a cord, especially a tendon or nerve.


labyrinth

From Middle English laberynt, laberynthe, from Latin labyrinthus, from Ancient Greek λᾰβύρῐνθος (lăbúrĭnthos, “a maze”).

(anatomy) A tortuous anatomical structure:

(anatomy) A complex structure in the inner ear which contains the organs of hearing and balance, consisting of bony cavities (the bony labyrinth) filled with fluid and lined with sensitive membranes (the membranous labyrinth).

(zoology) An accessory respiratory organ of certain fish.


lunar

From Middle English lunar (“shaped like the crescent moon”), from Latin lūnāris (“of or pertaining to the moon, lunar”) (possibly through Middle French lunaire (modern French lunaire (“lunar”)), from lūna (“the Moon; crescent shape”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *lewk- (“bright; to shine”)) + -is (suffix forming adjectives).

der

The carpal bones are usually described as being capable of being luxated from the lower end of the radius forwards or backwards, inwards or outwards. The case backwards, which has been stated to be the most frequent, is facilitated by the direction of the convex articular surfaces of the scaphoid, lunar, and cuneiform bones, which slope more backwards than forwards.

[1838, Samuel Cooper, “DISLOCATION”, in A Dictionary of Practical Surgery: Comprehending All the Most Interesting Improvements, from the Earliest Times down to the Present Period; […], 7th edition, London: Printed for Longman, Orme, & Co.; […], →OCLC, page 451, column 1:

There are two larger bones of the wrist called the scaphoid and lunar; these form a large ball, and this is received into the lower end of the radius.

1888, John C[harles] L[ewis] Sparkes, “The Bones”, in A Manual of Artistic Anatomy for the Use of Students in Art. Being a Description of the Bones and Muscles that Influence the External Form of Man, London: Baillière, Tindall, and Cox, […], →OCLC, page 16, column 1:

The scaphoid and lunar (wrist bones) are separate, whereas in Carnivores they are united perhaps to give greater strength to the wrist.

1946, Evelyn Feiring, Rainbow of Being, Pasadena, Calif.: Holly, →OCLC, page 155:

(anatomy) The middle bone of the proximal series of the carpus in the wrist, which is shaped like a half-moon.


lambda

From Ancient Greek λάμβδα (lámbda). Doublet of lamed.

(anatomy) The junction of the lambdoid and sagittal sutures of the cranium.


nucleus

Learned borrowing from Latin nucleus (“kernel, core”). The earliest uses refer to the head of a comet and the kernel of a seed, both recorded in Lexicon Technicum in 1704. The sense in atomic physics was coined by British scientist Michael Faraday in 1844 in a theoretical meaning.

coin

(neuroanatomy) A ganglion, cluster of many neuronal bodies where synapsing occurs.

nukleus

neuroanatomy: cluster of many neuronal bodies


PC

en-noun

PC (countable and uncountable, plural PCs)

posterior commissure
w:Posterior commissure

(anatomy) Initialism of posterior commissure.

(anatomy) Initialism of pubococcygeus muscle.


LES

LES (countable and uncountable, plural LESs)

lower esophageal sphincter
w:lower esophageal sphincter

(anatomy) Initialism of lower esophageal sphincter.


sole

→ Hebrew: סוֹל (sol)

From Middle English sole, soole, from Old English sole, solu. Reinforced by Anglo-Norman sole, Old French sole, from Vulgar Latin *sola (“bottom of the shoe”, also “flatfish”), from Latin solea (“sandal, bottom of the shoe”), from Proto-Indo-European *swol- (“sole”). Cognate with Dutch zool (“sole, tread”), German Sohle (“sole, insole, bottom, floor”), Danish sål (“sole”), Icelandic sóli (“sole, outsole”), Gothic 𐍃𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰 (sulja, “sandal”). Related to Latin solum (“bottom, ground, soil”). More at soil.
Compare typologically Russian по́чва (póčva) akin to подо́шва (podóšva).

cog

(anatomy) The bottom or plantar surface of the foot.


plane

→ Irish: plána

From Latin plānum (“flat surface”), a noun use of the neuter of plānus (“plain”). The word was introduced in the 17th century to distinguish the geometrical senses from the other senses of plain. Doublet of llano, piano, and plain.

հարթություն

geometry: flat surface extending infinitely in all directions

(geometry) A flat surface extending infinitely in all directions (e.g. horizontal or vertical plane); a bounded portion thereof.

(anatomy) An imaginary plane which divides the body into two portions.


navel

navels (plural)
navil (alternative obsolete)

From Middle English navel, navele, from Old English nafola, from Proto-West Germanic *nabulō, from Proto-Germanic *nabalô (compare West Frisian nâle, Dutch navel, German Nabel), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃nóbʰōl (compare Old Irish imbliu, Latin umbilīcus, Ancient Greek ὀμφαλός (omphalós), Persian ناف (nâf), Kurdish navik, Sanskrit नाभि (nābhi)), diminutive of *h₃nobʰ-, equivalent to nave + -el (diminutive suffix)). Doublet of omphalos. More at nave.

(anatomy) The indentation or bump remaining in the abdomen of placental mammals where the umbilical cord was attached before birth.


android

en-adj

android (comparative more android, superlative most android)

more android (comparative)
most android (superlative)
androides (alternative dated)

From New Latin androides, from Ancient Greek ἀνδρός (andrós, genitive of ἀνήρ (anḗr, “man, human”)) + -ειδής (-eidḗs, itself from εἶδος (eîdos, “form, image, shape, appearance, look”)). Note the form ἀνδρώδης (andrṓdēs, “manly”) already existed in Ancient Greek. By surface analysis, andr- + -oid.

af

genitive of <i class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">ἀνήρ</i> (anḗr, “man, human”)

itself from <i class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">εἶδος</i> (eîdos, “form, image, shape, appearance, look”)

(anatomy, in pelvimetry) Of the pelvis, having a narrow anterior segment and a heart-shaped brim, typically found in the male.


acetabulum

en-noun

acetabulum (plural acetabulums or acetabula)

Learned borrowing from Latin acētābulum (“vinegar saucer, 1/48 congius”), from acētum (“vinegar”) + -bulum (“-bule: a vessel for”).

lbor

Holonyms: hip joint; hip bone < pelvis

(anatomy) The bony cup of the hip bone which receives the head of the femur.


large intestine

en-noun

large intestine (plural large intestines)

(anatomy) The second to last part of the digestive system, comprising the cecum, colon and rectum.

أَمْعَاء غَلِيظَة

ʔamʕāʔ ḡalīẓa


waist

waists (plural)
waste (alternative obsolete)
wast (alternative obsolete)

→ Japanese: ウエスト (uesuto)

Inherited from Middle English wast (“waist”), probably from Old English *wæst, *wǣst, *weaxt, *wæhst, from Proto-West Germanic *wahstu, from Proto-Germanic *wahstuz (“growth, development, stature, build”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂weg-s- (“to multiply, increase”). Cognate with Middle English wacste (“growth, increase, might, power”), Middle High German wahst (“growth”), Danish vækst (“growth”), Swedish växt (“growth, development, size”), Icelandic vöxtur (“growth”), Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐌷𐍃𐍄𐌿𐍃 (wahstus, “growth”). Related to Old English weaxan (“to grow, increase”). More at wax.

cog

(anatomy) The part of the body between the pelvis and the stomach.


phalanx

Borrowed from Latin phalanx or Ancient Greek φάλαγξ (phálanx, “battle order, array”). Doublet of phalange, planch, plancha, planche, and plank.

doublet

(anatomy, plural phalanges) One of the bones of the finger or toe.


torus

Borrowed from Latin torus (“a round, swelling, elevation, protuberance”).

bor

(anatomy) A rounded ridge of bone or muscle, especially one on the occipital bone.


pyramid

en-noun

pyramid (countable and uncountable, plural pyramids)

pyramids (plural)
piramis (alternative obsolete)
pyramis (alternative obsolete)

From French pyramide, from Old French piramide, from Latin pȳramis, pȳramidis, from Ancient Greek πῡραμίς (pūramís), possibly from πῡρός (pūrós, “wheat”) + ἀμάω (amáō, “reap”) or from Egyptian pr-m-ws (“height of a pyramid”), from pr (“(one that) comes forth”) + m (“from”) + ws (“height”). Schenkel and K. Lang proposed hypothetical Coptic *ⲡⲓⲣⲁⲙ (*piram) or *ⲫⲣⲁⲙ (*phram) derived from Egyptian mr via metathesis as a source of πῡραμίς (pūramís) while Schenkel also suggested it being the source of Arabic هرم although the latter is considered far-fetched by Takacs.

der

(neuroanatomy) A medullary pyramid, the medial-most bumps on the ventral side of the medulla oblongata


share

→ Thai: แชร์ (chɛɛ)

From Middle English schare, schere, from Old English sċearu (“a cutting, shaving, a shearing, tonsure, part, division, share”), from Proto-West Germanic *skaru, from Proto-Germanic *skarō (“a division, detachment”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut, divide”).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian skar, sker (“a share in a communal pasture”), Dutch schare (“share in property”), German Schar (“band, troop, party, company”), Icelandic skor (“department”). Compare shard, shear. Doublet of eschel.

cog

[…] [H]ee stabbed him beneth in the very share neere unto his privie parts. [Dom.17]

1606, Suetonius, translated by Philemon Holland, De Vita Cæsarum:


temple

From Middle English temple, from Old French temple, from Vulgar Latin *temp(u)la, from Latin tempora (“the temples”), plural of tempus (“temple, head, face”). See temporal bone.

Then Iael Hebers wife, tooke a naile of the tent, and tooke an hammer in her hand, and went softly vnto him, and smote the naile into his temples, and fastened it into the ground: (for he was fast asleepe, and weary;) so he died.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Judges 4:21:

A few days after the electrodes were implanted, Bennett welcomed visitors into his hospital room. His head is wrapped in bandages. A thick braid of wires hangs from his left temple.

2013 December 9, Amy Standen, “Epilepsy Patients Help Decode The Brain's Hidden Signals”, in NPR:

(anatomy) The slightly flatter region, on either side of the head of a vertebrate, including a human, behind the eye and forehead, above the zygomatic arch, and forward of the ear.


lumen

Borrowed from Latin lūmen (“light, an opening”). Use as a unit was first adopted by French physicist André Blondel in 1894.

(anatomy) The cavity or channel within a tube or tubular organ.


insula

From Latin insula (“island”). Doublet of isle.

All mammals have insulas that read their body condition, Dr. Craig said.

2007 February 6, Sandra Blakeslee, “A Small Part of the Brain, and Its Profound Effects”, in New York Times:

The insula registers our physical gut feelings, including the sensation of a distended stomach and other inner states like nausea, warmth, a full bladder, and a pounding heart.

2011, Steven Pinker, The Better Angels of Our Nature, Penguin, published 2012, page 608:

(neuroanatomy) A structure of the human brain located within the lateral sulcus.

aivosaari

a structure of the human brain located within the lateral sulcus


grain

From Middle English grayn, from Old Norse grein (“bough, branch”), from Proto-Germanic *grainiz (“branch, twig, ramification”), of unknown origin. Related to English grove (“thicket”).

der

(dialectal, anatomy) The fangs of a tooth.


radius

Borrowed from Latin radius (“ray”). Doublet of ray.

It is also obvious, and proved by experiment, that the rotatory motions observed in the hand proceed from the rotatory motions of the radius.

1808, John Barclay, The Muscular Motions of the Human Body, →OCLC, page 396:

(anatomy) The long bone in the forearm, on the side of the thumb.


nipple

nipples (plural)
neple (alternative obsolete)
nypil (alternative obsolete)
nyppell (alternative obsolete)
neapel (alternative obsolete)
neaple (alternative obsolete)
neble (alternative obsolete)

→ Dutch: nippel

→ German: Nippel

→ Danish: nippel

→ Norwegian: nippel

From earlier neple, nypil, neble, believed to be a diminutive of nib, neb (“tip, point”), equivalent to nib + -le. Compare Old English nypel (“elephant trunk”), formed analogously as "a protuberance from one's neb" .

(anatomy) The projection of a mammary gland from which, on female therian mammals, milk is secreted.


bodily fluid

(anatomy) Any liquid portion of the body, such as blood, urine, semen, saliva, especially when expelled.


cerebral

en-adj

cerebral (comparative more cerebral, superlative most cerebral)

more cerebral (comparative)
most cerebral (superlative)

Borrowing from French cérébral, from Latin cerebrum (“a brain”); equivalent to cerebrum + -al.

(anatomy, relational) Of or relating to the brain, cerebrum, or cerebral cortex.


axis

Borrowed from Latin axis (“axle, axis”) in the 16th century.

(anatomy) The second cervical vertebra of the spine

(anatomy) An imaginary, visualized plane separating two morphologically similar parts of an organism


meniscus

From Ancient Greek μηνίσκος (mēnískos, “crescent”), from μήνη (mḗnē, “moon”).

uder

(anatomy) Either of two parts of the human knee that provide structural integrity to the knee when it undergoes tension and torsion.


achilous

From Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-, “not”) + χεῖλος (kheîlos, “lip”).


labia

en-noun

labia pl (normally plural, singular labium)

Unadapted borrowing from Latin labia (“lips”), plural of labium (“lip”).

ubor

She wiped the warm wax on the left side of Ola’s outer labia and placed a white strip on the last tuft of hair.

2023, Yomi Adegoke, The List, 4th Estate, page 168:

(anatomy) The folds of tissue of the vulva, at either side of the vagina.


atlas

Borrowed from Latin Atlas, from the name of the Ancient Greek mythological figure Ἄτλας (Átlas, “Bearer (of the Heavens)”), from τλῆναι (tlênai, “to suffer”, “to endure”, “to bear”). The sense referring to books of maps comes from the Atlas of Mercator, which he named thus in honor of Atlas, who was supposed to be skillful in astronomy and the doctrine of the sphere. The sense referring to the vertebra reflects that the spine carries the globe of the cranium (the neck carries the head).

There are of these glands upon the first vertebra of the neck of the atlas; on which the head turns[…]

1734, William Stukeley, Of the Gout, part II, page 58:

Ribs and spines show through the thin layer of meat left on the carcase, and, where the head meets the body, the crucial first vertebra – the atlas – is exposed.

2020, Tim Ecott, The Land of Maybe, Short Books, published 2021, page 174:

(anatomy) The uppermost vertebra of the cervical spine in the neck in humans and some other animals.

arrëz

(anatomy) The uppermost vertebra of the neck


process

→ Japanese: プロセス (purosesu)

From Middle English proces, from Old French procés (“journey”), from Latin prōcessus (“course, progression”), nominalization of prōcēdō (“proceed, advance”).

(anatomy) An outgrowth of tissue arising above a surface, such as might form part of a joint or the attachment point for a muscle.


antagonist

[ɛə̯nˈtæɡənɪst]

From Latin antagonista, from Ancient Greek ἀνταγωνιστής (antagōnistḗs, “opponent”) (ἀντί (antí, “against”) + ἀγωνιστής (agōnistḗs, “a combatant, pleader, actor”)), from ἀνταγωνίζομαι (antagōnízomai, “to antagonize”).

der

ἀνταγωνιστής

A flexor, which bends a part, is the antagonist of an extensor, which extends it.

(anatomy) A muscle that acts in opposition to another.


deciduous

From Latin dēciduus (“falling down or off”), from dēcidō (“fall down”).

(biology, anatomy) Describing a part that falls off, or is shed, at a particular time or stage of development.

գցվող

describing a part that falls off, or is shed


lore

non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger

lure (some accents with the horse–hoarse merger)

He’s sticky and encrusted on one side below his beak and amongst the lores around his eyes by the pips and juices he has dined upon, the pith and pulp of feeding.

2022, Jim Crace, eden, Picador, page 40:

(anatomy) The region between the eyes and nostrils of birds, reptiles, and amphibians.

(anatomy) The anterior portion of the cheeks of insects.


clitoris

en-noun

clitoris (plural clitorises or clitorides)

/klɪˈtɔːɹɪs/

From post-classical Latin clītoris (16th century), or its source, Koine Greek κλειτορίς (kleitorís), probably from Ancient Greek κλείω (kleíō, “I sheathe, shut”), in reference to its being covered by the labia minora.
The related noun form κλείς (kleís) has a second meaning of "a key, a latch or hook (to close a door)." Wooden pegs were the original keys; a connection also revealed in Latin clavis (“nail”) and claudere (“to shut”) (see close). Some medical sources give a supposed Greek verb κλειτοριάζω (kleitoriázō, “touch or titillate lasciviously, tickle”) literally "to be inclined (toward pleasure)" (compare German Kitzler (“clitoris”, literally “tickler”), related to Greek κλειτύς (kleitús, “shut, closed”), a variant of κλιτύς (klitús, “hillside”), related to κλίνω (klínō, “I slope”), from the same root as κλῖμαξ (klîmax, “ladder”). But many sources take κλειτορίς (kleitorís) literally as Ancient Greek "little hill".

cog

genital tubercle - embryological precursor

stimulate the clitoris

She complains that her boyfriend can't find her clitoris.

Juſt before them, towards the upper Part of the C—t, is a Thing they call Clitoris, which, is a little like a Man's P—k, for it will ſwell, and ſtand like his […].

1740, anonymous author, A Dialogue Between a Lady and a Maid:

The average infant clitoris, when measured from the base of the shaft to the top of the glans, is about 4 or 5 millimeters, the height of a pencil eraser.

1999, Natalie Angier, Woman: An Intimate Geography, page 65:

(anatomy) A sensitive elongated erectile sex organ at the anterior part of the vulva in female humans and other mammals.


mater

From Latin māter (“mother”), partly via Late Middle English matere. Doublet of mata and mother. Ancestor of matrix.

(anatomy) A meninx; the dura mater, arachnoid mater, or pia mater of the brain.


appendix

en-noun

appendix (plural appendices or appendixes)

(anatomy) Any process, prolongation, or projection.


pons

Borrowed from Latin pōns (“bridge”). Doublet of Pontus.

(anatomy) A bridge-like tissue connecting two parts of an organ.

(neuroanatomy) A band of nerve fibres, from the Latin term pōns Varoliī, within the brain stem.


lyra

So called from the arrangement of the lines with which it is marked in the human brain.

The vessels of the brain generally are often distended and gorged with blood, the lyra especially being fully injected.

1840, Alexander Tweedie, William Wood Gerhard, A system of practical medicine: Volume 1, page 295:

(anatomy, dated) The middle portion of the ventral surface of the fornix of the brain.


vermis

From Latin vermis (“worm”). Doublet of worm.

(anatomy) A narrow, worm-like structure found in animal brains between the hemispheres of the cerebellum; it is the site of termination of the spinocerebellar pathways that carry subconscious proprioception.


latus

From Latin latus (“side”) of uncertain etymology.


vinculum

From Latin vinculum (“bond, link”), from vinciō (“bind, fetter, tie”) + -ulum.

(anatomy) A ligament that limits the movement of an organ or part.


vallum

From Latin vallum. Doublet of wall comes from this word via a Proto-Germanic borrowing from Latin.


fenestra

fenestra (plural fenestras or fenestrae or (obsolete) fenestræ)

fenestras (plural)
fenestrae (plural)
fenestræ (obsolete plural)

Unadapted borrowing from Latin fenestra. Existed in Middle English as fenestre, fenester, from Old English fenester (“window”).

The platinum shaft connecting the ribbon to the piston base is a rounded wire and can be easily angulated after placement of the prosthesis for optimal incus to fenestra reach.

2010, Aina J. Gulya, Lloyd B. Minor, Michael E. Glasscock, Glasscock-Shambaugh Surgery of the Ear, page 536:

(anatomy) An opening in a body, sometimes with a membrane.


arch

From Middle English arch, arche, from Old French arche (“an arch”), a feminine form of arc, from Latin arcus (“a bow, arc, arch”). Doublet of arc and arco. Displaced native Old English bīeġels.

(anatomy) The curved part of the bottom of a foot.


buck

From Middle English bouk (“belly, trunk, body, hull of a ship, fishtrap, container”), from Old English būc (“belly, bottle, jug, pitcher”), from Proto-West Germanic *būk, from Proto-Germanic *būkaz. Doublet of bucket.

inh

(UK, dialectal, anatomy) Belly, breast, chest.


worm

From Middle English worm, werm, wurm, wirm, from Old English wyrm (“worm, snake”), from Proto-Germanic *wurmiz, from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥mis, possibly from *wer- (“to turn”). Doublet of vermin and wyrm, the latter of which is a fairly recent borrowing directly from the Old English.
(computing): First computer usage by John Brunner in his 1975 book The Shockwave Rider.
Cognates
Germanic cognates include Dutch worm, West Frisian wjirm, German Wurm, Swedish orm (“snake”), Norwegian Nynorsk orm (“earthworm or snake”), Danish orm and Yiddish וואָרעם (vorem).
Indo-European cognates include Latin vermis (“worm”), Lithuanian var̃mas (“insect, midge”), Albanian rrime (“rainworm”), Ancient Greek ῥόμος (rhómos, “woodworm”).

шнек

something helical, especially the thread of a screw

Anything helical, especially the thread of a screw.

(anatomy) A muscular band in the tongue of some animals, such as dogs; the lytta.


bulb

Southern US, African-American Vernacular, obsolete

Etymology tree
Ancient Greek βολβός (bolbós)bor.
Latin bulbusder.
English bulb
Inherited from Middle English bulb, bolbe, from Latin bulbus (“bulb, onion”), from Ancient Greek βολβός (bolbós, “plant with round swelling on underground stem”).

der

not the brightest bulb in the chandelier

medulla oblongata
medulla oblongata#English

(dated, neuroanatomy) The medulla oblongata.


chest

chests (plural)
chist (alternative obsolete)

From Middle English cheste, chiste, from Old English ċest, ċist (“chest, casket; coffin; rush basket; box”), from Proto-West Germanic *kistu (“chest, box”), from Latin cista (“chest, box”), from Ancient Greek κίστη (kístē, “chest, box, basket, hamper”).

der

Holonyms: torso, trunk < body

She had a sudden pain in her chest.

An anteroposterior radiograph found opacities throughout her chest.

en:thorax of humans and some other animals

(anatomy) The portion of the human body from the base of the neck to the top of the abdomen; the homologous area in some other animals.


intestine

From Latin intestīnum, neuter of intestīnus (“internal”), as Etymology 2, below.

boyau

intestine of an animal, or, informally, of a human

(anatomy, often pluralized) The alimentary canal of an animal through which food passes after having passed all stomachs.


membrane

Late Middle English, borrowed from Latin membrāna (“skin or membrane that covers parts of the body”), from membrum (“a limb or member of the body”) + -āna. Doublet of membrana.

af

(anatomy, zootomy) A flexible enclosing or separating tissue forming a plane or film and separating two environments.

A mechanical, thin, flat flexible part that can deform or vibrate when excited by an external force.

Then they backed the membrane with a gel matrix containing a perfluorocarbon (PFC) propellant and fluorescent "nanobullets" about a micron wide, and hit it with ultrasound.

2016 January 14, Jessica Hall, “Nanoengineers build 'microcannons' that fire light-up bullets filled with drugs”, in ExtremeTech:

A flexible or semiflexible covering or waterproofing whose primary function is to exclude water.

(biology) A microscopic double layer of lipids and proteins forming the boundary of cells or organelles.


portal

From Middle English portal, porttol, from Old French portal and Medieval Latin portāle, from porta.

jet bridge

elevated corridor permitting access to a plane from an airport

(anatomy) A short vein that carries blood into the liver.


portal

the portal vein

(anatomy) Of or relating to a porta, especially the porta of the liver.


lung

From Middle English lunge, longe, from Old English lungen, from Proto-Germanic *lunganjō, an enlargement of *lungô (“the light organ, lung”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁lengʷʰ-, whence ultimately also light. Cognate with West Frisian long, Dutch long, German Lunge, Danish lunge, Norwegian lunge, Swedish lunga, Icelandic lunga, and also Russian лёгкое (ljóxkoje) (lung), Ancient Greek ἐλαφρός (elaphrós, “light in weight”) and perhaps Albanian lungë (“blister, bulge”). Compare Latin levis and Old English lēoht (Modern English light). See also lights (“lungs”). Superseded non-native Middle English pomoun (“lung”), borrowed from Old French poumon, pomon (“lung”).

I made a speaking trumpet of my hands and commenced to whoop “Ahoy!” and “Hello!” at the top of my lungs. […] The Colonel woke up, and, after asking what in brimstone was the matter, opened his mouth and roared “Hi!” and “Hello!” like the bull of Bashan.

1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter VII, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y.; London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:

(anatomy) A biological organ of vertebrates that controls breathing and oxygenates the blood.


trap

(slang, bodybuilding, anatomy) The trapezius muscle.


ren

Learned borrowing from Latin rēn. Doublet of rein (“kidney”).

Having treated laſt of the expulſion of the inteſtinal fæces, we come next to conſider thoſe organs, which ſeparate and throw off another principal excrementitious matter, to wit, urine. The firſt of which is the renes or kidneys.

1759, Malcolm Flemyng, “Lecture XIX. On the kidneys and urinary bladder. Gravel; calculus.”, in An Introduction to Physiology, Being a Courſe of Lectures Upon the moſt important Parts of the Animal Œconomy: […], London: J. Nourse, →OCLC, page 259:

We find, however, that the detrita, consisting principally of effete hydrogen and carbon, brought into the circulation by the absorbents, are constantly making their escape from the system by way of the renes, skin, and lungs, in the forms of water, and carbonic-acid.

1810, William Tully, “On Aliment”, in Proceedings of the Presidents and Fellows of the Connecticut Medical Society, published 1884, page 326:

It would probably have been considered an important omission if I had not mentioned Water as a substance excreted freely by the renes or kidneys.

1858, William Tully, Materia Medica; Or, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, page 1195:

Renal. Belonging to the ren or kidney.

1893, Henry Power, Leonard William Sedgwick, The New Sydenham Society's Lexicon of Medicine and the Allied Sciences:


lingua

Unadapted borrowing from Latin lingua (“the tongue”). Doublet of langue and tongue.

ubor

Let your lingua loiter on its salty, hard surface. When you finally crack the nut, don’t swallow it right away.

2009, Alex J. Packer, Wise Highs: How to Thrill, Chill, & Get Away from It All Without Alcohol Or Other Drugs, Read How You Want, →ISBN, page 24:

“I believe it’s from the condition he’s acquired,” she answered while moving closer to examine the elongated lingua. “You can put it back in your mouth now.”

2016, E.B. Mendel, If Frogs Could Fly, Sunbridge Books, →ISBN:


labium

Learned borrowing from Latin labium (“a lip”). Doublet of lip.

lbor

(anatomy, usually in the plural) A liplike structure; especially one of the vulva's two pairs of folds of skin on either side.


prox.

en-adj

prox. (comparative more prox., superlative most prox.)

more prox. (comparative)
most prox. (superlative)


nympha

From Latin nympha, from Ancient Greek νύμφη (númphē, “bride, nymph”). Doublet of nymph.

uder

(anatomy, now rare) Each of the labia minora.