pacemaker

pacemakers (plural)
peacemaker (alternative)

→ Danish: pacemaker

→ Swedish: pacemaker

natural pacemaker

cardiac pacemaker

(anatomy) A set of nerves which stimulate the heart to beat.


arytenoid

/ˌæɹ.əˈtiˌnɔɪd/

/əˈɹɪt.n̩ˌɔɪd/

Borrowed from New Latin arytaenoīdēs (“ladle-shaped”), from Ancient Greek ᾰ̓ρῠταινοειδής (ărŭtainoeidḗs), from ᾰ̓ρύ̆ταινᾰ (ărú̆taină, “a ladle or cup”) + -ο- (-o-) + -ειδής (-eidḗs, “-like, -oid”).

bor

ᾰ̓ρῠταινοειδής

af

(anatomy) Relating to or being an arytenoid cartilage.

(anatomy) Relating to or being an arytenoid muscle.


arytenoid

arytenoids (plural)
arytaenoid (alternative UK)

/ˌæɹ.əˈtiˌnɔɪd/

/əˈɹɪt.n̩ˌɔɪd/

bor

ᾰ̓ρῠταινοειδής

arytenoid cartilage
arytenoid cartilage#English

(anatomy) Ellipsis of arytenoid cartilage.

arytenoid muscle
arytenoid muscle#English


xiphocostal

(anatomy) Pertaining to the xiphoid process and the ribs.


olfactory

From Latin olfactus (“an act of smelling; the sense of smell”) + -ory, from olfaciō (“to sniff, smell, scent”) + -tus (action noun suffix).

af

(anatomy, zootomy) Ellipsis of olfactory organ.


carotid

Borrowed from French carotide or New Latin carōtides, from Ancient Greek κᾰρωτῐ́δες (kărōtĭ́des, “carotid arteries”), from κᾰρόω (kăróō, “to plunge into deep sleep or torpor”) + -τῐ́δες (-tĭ́des, plural nominal suffix), from the fact that the carotid artery supplies blood to the brain, and interruption of this flow causes loss of consciousness.

af

brachiocephalic artery
brachiocephalic artery

(anatomy) Either of the two main arteries that supply blood to the head of which the left in humans arises from the arch of the aorta and the right by bifurcation of the brachiocephalic artery with each passing up the side of the neck and dividing opposite the upper border of the thyroid cartilage into an external branch supplying the face, tongue, and external parts of the head and an internal branch supplying the brain, eye, and other internal parts of the head.


carotid

(anatomy) Of or pertaining to the carotid artery.


ACL

Mark Zuckerberg shares photos from the hospital after undergoing knee surgery for a torn ACL suffered during MMA training.

2023 November 4, “Mark Zuckerberg tears ACL while training for MMA fight early next year”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:

anterior cruciate ligament
anterior cruciate ligament#English

(anatomy) Initialism of anterior cruciate ligament.

He's having a pretty good year, coming off of an ACL.

(sports, by ellipsis) An injury to the ACL.


lacertus

From Late Latin lacertus (“muscle”), from Classical Latin lacertus (“upper arm”), possibly from lacerta (“lizard”). For the semantics, compare muscle from mūsculus (“little mouse”), derived from a supposed resemblance to little mice.

(anatomy) A bundle or fascicle of muscular fibres.


lacteal

en-adj

lacteal (comparative more lacteal, superlative most lacteal)

more lacteal (comparative)
most lacteal (superlative)

lacteal ducts in the breasts


lymphoid

(anatomy) Relating to, or found within the lymphatic system of the body


glans penis

en-noun

glans penis (plural glans penises or glandes penis or glandes penium or (misconstruction) glans penes or (misconstruction) glandes penes)

glans penises (plural)
glandes penis (plural)
glandes penium (plural)
glans penes (misconstruction plural)
glandes penes (misconstruction plural)

From New Latin glāns pēnis (“glans of the penis”), pēnis being a genitive.

der

Meronym: corona glandis penis

Coordinate term: glans clitoridis

The tortoise, possessing, like the serpent, the power of retaining life in its limbs after mutilation or decapitation, became a symbol of androgynity as well as of immortality. Its protruding head, probably because of a resemblance to the glans penis, was looked upon as a phallic symbol.

1941, George Ryley Scott, Phallic Worship: A History of Sex and Sex Rites in Relation to the Religions of All Races from Antiquity to the Present Day, London: T. Werner Laurie, page 31:

(anatomy) A conical vascularized body forming the extremity of the penis.


pronated

pronated grip

(anatomy) Having one’s hand rotated so that the palm faces the same direction as the knob of the elbow.

(anatomy) Having one's foot twisted so that if walking, the weight would be borne on the inner edge of the foot.


supinated

supinated grip

(anatomy) Having one's hand and forearm rotated so that the palm faces in the same direction as the interior angle of the elbow, thereby contracting the biceps brachii.

(anatomy) Having one's foot twisted so that if walking, the weight would be borne on the outer edge of the foot.


no man's land

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-no man's land.wav

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-no man's land.wav

Originally from Middle English Nomanneslond, which first appears c. 1350. Revived with new senses in a dispatch printed in the Times newspaper by Colonel Ernest Dunlop Swinton writing as "Eyewitness".

No Man's Land (alternative)
noman's land (alternative)
no-man's land (alternative)

(medicine, anatomy) The fibrous sheath of the flexor tendons of the hand, specifically in the zone from the distal palmar crease to the proximal interphalangeal joint.


rima

Borrowing from Latin rīma (“a cleft, crack, fissure, chink”).

bor

(anatomy) A cleft or gap between two symmetrical parts, particularly between the vocal folds.


neural canal

(anatomy) a canal located at the dorsal side of the centrum formed by neural arches of vertebrae. Houses the spinal cord.


thenar

(anatomy) Relating to the palm of the hand or the sole of the foot.


pia

One screen in the theatre relays live colour pictures of Harkness and his colleague Tiernan Byrnes's progress, cutting and pushing through first the dura, then the arachnoid and finally the pia, the thin, spider's web-type membranes that cover the brain itself.

2009 January 25, Denis Campbell, “Kian, 4, needs a miracle. He's in the right place”, in The Observer:

(anatomy) The pia mater, the innermost of the meninges that protect the brain and spinal cord.


tunicle

Latin tunicula, diminutive of tunica (“tunic”).

(anatomy) A tunica; a membrane or membranous sheath of skin.


fauces

en-noun

fauces pl (normally plural, singular faux)

Borrowing from Latin faucēs (“the upper part of a throat”).

bor

(anatomy) The narrow passage from the mouth to the pharynx, situated between the soft palate and the base of the tongue.


falx

From Latin falx (“sickle”). Doublet of dalk.

(anatomy) A curved fold or process of the dura mater or the peritoneum, especially one of the partition-like folds of the dura mater which extend into the great fissures of the brain.

Any sickle-shaped part or process.
(anatomy, dated) A chelicera.

Any sickle-shaped part or process.
A chelicera.

Any sickle-shaped part or process.
(anatomy) A snake's poison fang.

Any sickle-shaped part or process.
A snake's poison fang.

Any sickle-shaped part or process.
(anatomy) A rotula of a sea urchin.

Any sickle-shaped part or process.
A rotula of a sea urchin.


amphiarthrosis

(anatomy) The type of movable joint in animals in which the surfaces of bones are connected by ligaments or cartilage.

anfiartrose

movable joint in which the surfaces of bones are connected by ligaments or cartilage


astragalocalcaneal

(anatomy) Describing the fusion of the astragalus and calcaneum.

astragalocalcáneo

describing the fusion of the astragalus and calcaneum


pulmonary vein

(anatomy) In tetrapods, a vein that returns blood to the heart after it has circulated through the lungs.


nerve cord

(anatomy) A dorsal tubular cord of nervous tissue above the notochord of a chordate.

néarchorda

anatomy: a dorsal tubular cord of nervous tissue above the notochord of a chordate


polycotyledonary

(anatomy) Having the villi of the placenta collected into definite patches, or cotyledons.


vaso vasorum

vaso-vasorum (alternative)
vasovasorum (alternative)

These vessels communicate with the cavity of the thrombosed vessel, and with its vaso vasorum. (Fig. 128.)

1878, Thomas Henry Green, An Introduction to pathology and morbid anatomy, page 301:

The tenuous vaso vasorum therefore remains preserved in the naturally occurring state, a circumstance which improves vascular patency.

1996, William E. Cohn and Ducksoo Kim, "Catheter apparatus and methodology for generating a fistula on-demand", US Patent 5830224, page 21

New vasculature, under the influence of angiogenic growth factors, may grow from the vaso vasorum within the adventitia into the plaque.

2006, Morton J. Kern, SCAI Interventional Cardiology Board Review Book, page 5:


vesical

For quotations using this term, see Citations:vesical.

(anatomy) Pertaining to the urinary bladder.


polygastric

(anatomy) Having several bellies; -- applied to muscles which are made up of several bellies separated by short tendons.


polymastism

(anatomy) The condition of having more than two mammæ, or breasts.


autogenous

/ɔːˈtɒd͡ʒɪnəs/

These , being usually developed from distinct and independent centres , I have termed “autogenous” elements

1843, Richard Owen, Lectures on the Comparative Anatomy and Physiology of the Invertebrate Animals:

(anatomy) Developed from an independent centre of ossification.


periaqueductal

(anatomy) Surrounding an aqueduct-like feature; usually in reference to periaqueductal grey, or some other part of anatomy.


promontory

From Medieval Latin prōmontōrium, from prōmineō, from prō- + *mineō (“to project or jut”, from Proto-Indo-European *men- (“to stand out”)) + -tōrium (“place”).

der

(anatomy) A projecting part of the body.

A projecting part of the body.
A projection on the sacrum.

A rounded elevation in the tympanum of the ear.


rostrum

Learned borrowing from Latin rōstrum (“beak, snout”), from rōd(ō) (“gnaw”) + -trum, from Proto-Indo-European *Hreh₃d- + *-trom. The pulpit sense is a back-formation from the name of the Roman Rōstra, the platforms in the Forum where politicians made speeches. The Rōstra were decorated with (and named for) the beaks (prows) of ships from naval victories.

lbor

(anatomy) The oral or nasal region of a human used for anatomical location (i.e. rostral).


medius

Borrowed from New Latin from Latin medius (“middle”). See medium. Doublet of minge and middle.

An analysis of the determined cases shows that the index was the digit most frequently amputated, next the medius, next the ring finger, next the thumb, and lastly the little finger

1876, Medical and Surgical History of the War of the Rebellion:

There is an interesting abnormality in finger length, the medius being especially long[…]

1945, Charlotte Wolff, A Psychology of Gesture:


guttural

en-adj

guttural (comparative more guttural, superlative most guttural)

more guttural (comparative)
most guttural (superlative)

From Middle French guttural, from New Latin gutturālis, from Latin guttur (“throat”) + -ālis.

guttural duct of the ear; guttural pouch infection

(medicine, anatomy) Of, relating to, or connected to the throat.

на гърлото

medicine, anatomy: of, relating to, or connected to the throat


cuneus

Borrowed from Latin cuneus. Doublet of coign and coin.

(neuroanatomy) A portion of the occipital lobe of the human brain, involved in visual processing.


ankylosis

en-noun

ankylosis (countable and uncountable, plural ankyloses)

ankyloses (plural)
anchylosis (alternative)
ancylosis (alternative)

From Ancient Greek ἀγκύλωσις (ankúlōsis, “a stiffening of the joints”), from ἀγκυλόειν (ankulóein, “to crook, bend”), from ἀγκύλος (ankúlos, “bent, crooked”). By surface analysis, ankyl- + -osis.

der

(anatomy) The growing together of bones to form a single unit.


pecten

(anatomy, obsolete) The bones in the hand between the wrist and the fingers.


prepenial

(anatomy) Situated in front of, or anterior to, the penis.


prepubis

(anatomy) A bone or cartilage, of some animals, situated in the middle line in front of the pubic bones.


preputial

If removing the preputial tissue curbs sexuality of both sexes and if, on the basis of curbing female sexuality, the removal of the female prepuce is misogynistic, then the removal of the male foreskin should be viewed as misandristic.

2006, David Benatar, Cutting to the Core, page 36:

(anatomy) Of or pertaining to the prepuce.


prescapula

(anatomy) The part of the scapula in front of, or above, the spine, or mesoscapula.


prescapular

(anatomy) Of or pertaining to the prescapula; supraspinous.


loof

Inherited from Middle English love, lufe, lofe, luf (“palm of the hand”), from Old Norse lōfi, from Proto-Germanic *lōfô (“palm of the hand; paw; oar blade, paddle”).

(anatomy, now chiefly dialectal, Northern England, Scotland) The palm of the hand.

(anatomy, now chiefly dialectal, Northern England, Scotland) The hand, especially, the hand outspread and upturned.


pilosebaceous unit

en-noun

pilosebaceous unit (plural pilosebaceous units)

(anatomy, dermatology) The structure consisting of the hair, hair follicle, arrector pili muscle and the sebaceous gland.


mesoappendix

mesoappendix (plural mesoappendixes or mesoappendices)

mesoappendixes (plural)
mesoappendices (plural)

(anatomy) Part of the mesentery found near the appendix and the terminal ileum.


neural plate

(anatomy) A thick, flat bundle of ectoderm formed in vertebrate embryos after induction by the notochord.


stirrup

From Middle English stirop, stirope, from Old English stiġrāp (“stirrup”), a compound of stiġe ("ascent, descent, a going up or down"; related to stīġan (“to climb”)) and rāp (“rope”), equivalent to sty + rope.
Cognate with Dutch stegereep, stegelreep (“stirrup”), Old Saxon stigerēp (“stirrup”), Middle High German stereip, stegreif ("stirrup"; > German Stegreif (“improvisation”)), Icelandic stigreip (“stirrup”).

gloss

"ascent, descent, a going up or down"; related to <i class="Latn mention" lang="ang">stīġan</i> (“to climb”)

"stirrup"; > German <i class="Latn mention" lang="de">Stegreif</i> (“improvisation”)


scala

Borrowed from Latin scāla (“ladder”). Doublet of scale.

(anatomy) Ladder-like structure in the cochlea of a mammal's ear.


spina

Unadapted borrowing from Latin spīna (“a thorn; a prickle, spine”). Doublet of spine.


flexure

en-noun

flexure (countable and uncountable, plural flexures)

The Stomach [of a weasel] about three inches long; proportionably, more than a Dogs. An inch in Diametre at the upper Orifice; and the nether, ¼; having a flexure towards its Conjunction with the Guts: ſhaped like to the body of a pair of Bag-Pipes.

1681, Nehemiah Grew, “The Comparative Anatomy of Stomachs and Guts Begun. Being Several Lectures Read before the Royal Society in the Year, 1676. Chapter I. Of the Stomachs and Guts of Six Carnivorous Quadrupeds; sc. The Weesle, Fitchet, Polecat, Cat, Dog and Fox.”, in Musæum Regalis Societatis. Or A Catalogue & Description of the Natural and Artificial Rarities Belonging to the Royal Society and Preserved at Gresham Colledge. […], London: […] W. Rawlins, for the author, →OCLC, page 1:

(anatomy) A curve or bend in a tubular organ.


anterolateral

(anatomy, medicine) In front of the body, away from the midline.

ântero-lateral

in front of the body, away from the midline


midline

(anatomy, medicine) The medial line (or plane) of the body, which divides the body into halves that are mirror-images of each other.


fosse

From Middle English fosse, from Old French fosse, from Latin fossa (“ditch, trench”).


fossa

fossa (plural fossae or (obsolete) fossæ)

Unadapted borrowing from Latin fossa (“a ditch, trench, fosse”). Doublet of fosse.

ubor

(anatomy) A pit, groove, cavity, or depression.


corniculum

Borrowed from Latin corniculum (“little horn”).

bor+

(anatomy, archaic) A small horn-like part or process.


commissure

/ˈkɑm.əˌʃʊɹ/

From Latin commissura (“a joining or connecting together”), from commissus (passive perfect participle of committo (“I join, I connect”)) + -ura.

af

passive perfect participle of <i class="Latn mention" lang="la">committo</i> (“I join, I connect”)

...that round about the commissure of all our joints...

1734, William Stukeley, Of the Gout, J. Roberts, page 14:

(neuroanatomy) A band of nerve tissue connecting the hemispheres of the brain, the two sides of the spinal cord, etc.

There is a third inner eyelid, highly developed and of beautiful mechanism: this is the nictitating membrane, or "winker" (nictito, I wink), a delicate, elastic, translucent, pearly-white fold of the conjunctiva. While the other lids move vertically and have a horizontal commissure, the winker sweeps horizontally or obliquely across the ball, from the side next the beak to the opposite.

1884, Elliott Coues, “§ 4.—An Introduction to the Anatomy of Birds.”, in Key to North American Birds. […], 2nd edition, Boston, Mass.: Estes and Lauriat, →OCLC, part II (General Ornithology), page 180:

(anatomy) The line where the upper and lower lips or eyelids meet.

lipangulo

point where the upper and lower lips or eyelids join


adenoidal

en-adj

adenoidal (comparative more adenoidal, superlative most adenoidal)

more adenoidal (comparative)
most adenoidal (superlative)

(anatomy) Of or pertaining to the adenoids.


atrioventricular

atrioventricular block; atrioventricular node; atrioventricular septum

ventriculoatrial[Appendix:Glossary#broad|broadly]] synonymous; precisely differentiated regarding conduction pathways>

(anatomy, medicine) Of the spatial relationship between the ventricles and the atria of the heart.

pitvar-kamrai

of the spatial relationship between the ventricles and the atria of the heart


pontile

From Latin pontilis (“relating to a bridge”).


medulla oblongata

/məˈdʌlə ˌɒblɒŋˈɡɑːtə/

[məˈdʌlə ˌɔb.lɔŋˈɡɑːtə]

/məˈdulə ˌɑblɑŋˈɡɑtə/

[məˈdʉɫə ˌɑb.ɫɑŋˈɡɑɾə]

(neuroanatomy, anatomy) The lower portion of the brainstem.


endometrium

From endo- (“inner”) + Late Latin metrium (“womb”), from Ancient Greek μήτριον (mḗtrion, “of a mother”). Compare μήτρᾱ (mḗtrā, “womb”).

der

(anatomy) The mucous membrane that lines the uterus in mammals and in which fertilized eggs are implanted.


paranasal sinus

en-noun

paranasal sinus (plural paranasal sinuses)

(anatomy) Any of a number of air-filled spaces, or sinuses, within the bones of the skull and face.


globose

en-adj

globose (comparative more globose, superlative most globose)

more globose (comparative)
most globose (superlative)
globous (alternative)

From Latin globosus (“round as a ball, spherical, globular”).

uder

(anatomy or botany) Having a globular form.


choroid

From New Latin choroides, from Ancient Greek χοροειδής (khoroeidḗs, alteration of χοριοειδής (khorioeidḗs, “like the afterbirth”)), from χόριον (khórion, “membrane that encloses the fetus in the womb, afterbirth”) + -ειδής (-eidḗs, “-like”).

der

alteration of <i class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">χοριοειδής</i> (khorioeidḗs, “like the afterbirth”)

af

choroid plexus

(anatomy) Resembling the chorion, particularly in containing many blood vessels.


choroid

(anatomy) The pigmented vascular layer of the eyeball between the retina and the sclera.


sulcus

Borrowed from Latin sulcus (“a furrow made by a plow”). Doublet of sullow ("plough").

bor+

The sulci and gyri are the grooves and ridges, respectively.

The Union’s soft latex-polymer roof is cerebrally domed and a cloudy piamater pink except in spots where it’s eroded down to pasty gray, and everywhere textured, the bulging rooftop, with sulci and bulbous convolutions.

1996, David Foster Wallace, Infinite Jest […], Boston, Mass., New York, N.Y.: Little, Brown and Company, →ISBN, page 186:

The largest sulcus, the longitudinal fissure, divides the brain into left and right hemispheres.

1999, Thomas C. Pritchard, Kevin D. Alloway, Medical Neuroscience, page 55:

Unlike most other sulci, the lateral sulcus is very deep.

2006, Inderbir Singh, Textbook of Human Neuroanatomy, 7th edition, page 72:

The large surface area of the human cerebral cortex results in a pattern of gyri and sulci.

2014, John Kiernan, Raj Rajakumar, Barr's The Human Nervous System: An Anatomical Viewpoint, 10th edition, page 213:

(anatomy) A furrow or groove in an organ or a tissue, especially that marking the convolutions of the surface of the brain.


whorl

(anatomy) Any volution, as for example in the human ear or fingerprint.


instep

(anatomy) The arched part of the top of the foot between the toes and the ankle.


nevus

nevi (plural)
naevus (alternative)
nævus (alternative)

Most birthmarks and moles fall into the category of nevi.

(anatomy) Any of a number of different, usually benign, pigmented, raised or otherwise abnormal lesions of the skin.


ramus

(anatomy) A bony projection, particularly of the jaw, but also in the groin area, both subject to the maturing process of symphysis.


symphysis

(anatomy) The process of two originally separate bones growing together as the subject matures, as with the pubic bones or lower jawbones in humans.

(anatomy) A place where two bones are closely joined in the median plane of the body, either forming an immovable joint (as between the pubic bones in the center of the pelvis) or completely fused (as at the midline of the lower jaw).

(medicine) A line, discernable on an X-ray, showing such fusion.

(anatomy) The cartilaginous material that adjoins and facilitates the junction of such bones, without a synovial membrane.


synovium

From false singular of New Latin synovia (“synovial fluid”).

synovial membrane
synovial membrane#English

(anatomy) Alternative form of synovial membrane.


intima

the intima of a blood vessel

(anatomy) The innermost part of an anatomical structure, particularly a tubular one


inion

From Ancient Greek ἰνίον (iníon, “occipital bone; back of the head”). Compare -ion (“anthropometric landmark”).

der

(anatomy) A small protuberance on the external surface of the back of the skull near the neck; the external occipital protuberance.


papilla

Borrowed from Latin papilla (“a nipple, teat”).

(anatomy) A nipple-like protuberance on a part or organ of the body.

A vascular process of connective tissue extending into and nourishing the root of a hair, feather, or developing tooth.

Any of the vascular protuberances of the dermal layer of the skin extending into the epidermal layer and often containing tactile corpuscles.

Any of the small protuberances on the upper surface of the tongue often containing taste buds.


internode

(anatomy, obsolete) A segment of a digit between two knuckles.


tibial

From Latin tībiālis, equivalent to tibia + -al.

tibial plateau

Her anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and medial collateral ligament (MCL) are torn and Vonn has a lateral fracture of the tibial plateau, the upper end of the tibia or shin bone.

2013 February 6, Jen Christiensen, “Vonn’s injury ‘career-delayer,’ not ‘career ender’”, in CNN:

(anatomy) Of or pertaining to a tibia or a structure associated with a tibia.


stomach lining

(anatomy) A layer of tissue on the inside of stomach.


stigmatic

en-adj

stigmatic (comparative more stigmatic, superlative most stigmatic)

more stigmatic (comparative)
most stigmatic (superlative)

(botany, anatomy) Having or relating to a stigma or stigmata.


haunch

haunches (plural)
haunce (alternative)
haunse (alternative)
hanch (alternative)
hance (alternative)
hanse (alternative)

From Middle English haunche, hanche, from Old French hanche, hance, anche (compare French hanche, Italian anca), from a Germanic source, probably Frankish *ankijā, from Proto-Germanic *ankijǭ (“joint; ankle”), from Proto-Indo-European *ang- (“joint; lith”). Cognate with Old High German ancha, encha, einka (“the leg; joint, bend”) (compare Old High German anchila, enchila (“ankle”), German Hanke (“haunch”), West Frisian hancke (“haunch”). More at ankle.

der

But I had no time to pursue these reflections; for the gray horse came to the door, and made me a sign to follow him into the third room where I saw a very comely mare, together with a colt and foal, sitting on their haunches upon mats of straw, not unartfully made, and perfectly neat and clean.

1726 October 28, [Jonathan Swift], Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World. […] [Gulliver’s Travels], volume II, London: […] Benj[amin] Motte, […], →OCLC, part IV (A Voyage to the Houyhnhnms):

And the rabbit from his path-way
Leaped aside, and at a distance
Sat erect upon his haunches.

1855 November 10, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, “chapter III”, in The Song of Hiawatha, Boston, Mass.: Ticknor and Fields, →OCLC:

While Heracles, - the thews and cordage of his thighs
Straitened and strained beyond the utmost stretch
From quivering heel to haunch like sweating hawsers.

The fog comes on little cat feet.
It sits looking over harbor and city
on silent haunches and then moves on.

He [Novak Djokovic] dropped to his haunches just inside the baseline as Centre Court rose to acclaim the champion, hugging South African [Kevin] Anderson at the net before skipping over towards his box and celebrating wildly in front of his coaching team and wife Jelena.

2018 July 15, Jonathan Jurejko, “Novak Djokovic Wins Fourth Wimbledon by Beating Kevin Anderson”, in BBC Sport, archived from the original on 2019-02-14:

(anatomy) The area encompassing the upper thigh, hip and buttocks on one side of a human, primate, or quadruped animal, especially one that can sit on its hindquarters.


mammiferous

en-adj

mammiferous (comparative more mammiferous, superlative most mammiferous)

more mammiferous (comparative)
most mammiferous (superlative)

/mæˈmɪfəɹəs/

The mammiferous secretary slithered in, changed the spool and slithered out again, giving me a small, hygienic smile en route.

1973, Kyril Bonfiglioli, Don't Point That Thing at Me, Penguin, published 2001, page 53:

(anatomy) Having mammae, or (humorous) breasts.


myelin

en-noun

myelin (countable and uncountable, plural myelins)

From myelo- + -in.
From Ancient Greek μυελός (muelós, “marrow”).

As the result of prolonged action of water upon myelin, bird's-nests-cells are also said to be produced, and we are certain we have seen, as the result of such prolonged action of water, the appearances thus compared.

1868 January, Edmund Montgomery, “On the Formation of so-called Cells in Animal Bodies”, in The American Journal of the Medical Sciences, page 203:

This gene controls the production of an insulating sleeve that wraps around neurons. Known as myelin, it is crucial for long-range communication in the brain.

2018 December 13, Carl Zimmer, “Narrower Skulls, Oblong Brains: How Neanderthal DNA Still Shapes Us”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

(neuroanatomy) A white, fatty material, composed of lipids and lipoproteins, that surrounds the axons of nerves.


rotator

(anatomy) A muscle by which a joint can be rotated.


subclavian artery

subclavian artery (plural subclavian arteries)

Glass from the shattered side windows had lodged itself quite deep between Lia’s shoulder blade and collar bone, just missing the subclavian artery.

2022, Maddie Mortimer, Maps of Our Spectacular Bodies, Picador, page 205:

(anatomy) A paired artery of the upper thorax which passes beneath the clavicle and mainly supplies the upper limb, and continues as the axillary artery at the lateral border of the first rib.


scalene muscle

scalene muscles (plural)
scalene (alternative)
scalenus (alternative)

Meronyms: anterior scalene muscle, middle scalene muscle, posterior scalene muscle

(anatomy) Any of usually three deeply situated muscles on each side of the neck of which each extends from the transverse processes of two or more cervical vertebrae to the first or second rib.


preload

preload (countable and uncountable, plural preloads)

(anatomy) The end diastolic pressure that stretches the right or left ventricle of the heart to its greatest geometric dimensions under variable physiologic demand.


striate

en-adj

striate (comparative more striate, superlative most striate)

more striate (comparative)
most striate (superlative)

From Latin striatum, past participle of strio (“to groove”).

(anatomy) Relating to the striate cortex of the brain


symphysis pubis

en-noun

symphysis pubis (plural symphyses pubis)

The head was above the symphysis pubis, but she could not feel anything else definitive.

2009, Jennifer Worth, Farewell to the East End, Weidenfeld & Nicholson, page 88:

(anatomy) The midline cartilaginous joint uniting the superior rami of the left and right pubic bones (pubis), also known as the pubic symphysis. In men, it supports the suspensory ligament; in women, it loosens and flexes to aid childbirth.


clavicular

(anatomy) Of or relating to the clavicle.


orad

en-adj

orad (comparative more orad, superlative most orad)

more orad (comparative)
most orad (superlative)

aboral

antonym(s) of “located toward the mouth”

The sutures of four septa are exposed; the most orad of these can be traced with a fair degree of accuracy throughout almost its entire course.

1931, William Arthur Parks, Collected Papers, volume 3, page 86:

The frequency of segmenting contractions is higher in the descending and sigmoid colon than in more orad areas.

2001, Leonard R. Johnson, Gastrointestinal Physiology, page 63:

The endoscope is advanced to its most orad (toward the mouth) limit and then slowly withdrawn so that the mucosa can be thoroughly examined.

2006, Sara J. Busch, Small Animal Surgical Nursing: Skills and Concepts, page 270:

(anatomy) Located towards the oral opening (the mouth).


orad

The most common symptom of GERD is heartburn, which is described as substernal burning that moves orad from the xiphoid.

1998, Tadataka Yamada et al., Handbook of Gastroenterology, page 228:

Beginning 8 to 10 sec prior to egestion, the pellet is moved orad by esophageal antiperistalsis.

1999, D. Michael Denbow, “12: Gastrointestinal Anatomy and Physiology”, in G. Causey Whittow, editor, Sturkie's Avian Physiology, page 307:

This is due to the UES moving completely off the sensor as it moves orad with the swallow.

2012, Neeraj Sharma, Janice Freeman, “8: Esophageal Manometry”, in Joel E. Richter, Donald O. Castell, editors, The Esophagus, page 179:

(anatomy) Towards the oral opening (the mouth).


aborad

en-adv

aborad (comparative more aborad, superlative most aborad)

more aborad (comparative)
most aborad (superlative)

From ab- (“away from”) + orad (“toward the mouth”), from Latin ōris (“mouth”).

prefix

(anatomy) Away from the oral opening or mouth (compare with ventral)


submucosal

(anatomy) Situated below or underneath the mucosal tissue.


recurrent

From Latin recurrens, present participle of recurrere. Morphologically recur + -ent.

a recurrent nerve or artery

(botany, anatomy) Running back toward its origin.


suprasternal notch

en-noun

suprasternal notch (plural suprasternal notches)

(anatomy) The conspicuous dip visible at the top of the human chest where the neck joins the sternum.


suprasternal

en-adj

suprasternal (comparative more suprasternal, superlative most suprasternal)

more suprasternal (comparative)
most suprasternal (superlative)

(anatomy) Situated or occurring higher than, or above, the sternum.


raphe

raphae (plural)
raphes (plural)
rhaphe (alternative)

Borrowed from New Latin raphē, from Ancient Greek ῥᾰφή (rhăphḗ, “seam; suture”).

bor

They are inserted into the midline raphae or the anococcygeal raphae and the coccyx.

2004, Sabaratnam Arulkumaran, V. Sivanesaratnam, Pratap Kumar, Alokendu Chatterjee, Essential of Obstetrics, page 28:

It shows three symmetrical raphes (asterisk) radiating from the centre of the aortic root, but in fetuses there is often asymmetry between the raphes with the one between the left and noncoronary sinuses being larger than the others (red asterisk in Figure 2.14b).

2005, Robert H. Anderson, Marco Pozzi, Suzie Hutchinson, Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome, page 29:

(anatomy) A seamlike ridge or furrow on an organ, bodily tissue, or other structure, typically marking the line where two halves or sections fused in the embryo.

The connecting ridge between the two halves of the medulla oblongata or the tegmentum of the midbrain.


midsection

That's the premise of the overload principle, and it must be applied, even to ab training, if you're going to develop a cut, ripped midsection.

2010, Bill Geiger, “6-pack Abs in 9 Weeks”, in Reps!, 17:106:

(anatomy) The midriff; the section of the human torso, from below the chest to above the waist.


osteology

en-noun

osteology (usually uncountable, plural osteologies)

(anatomy) The scientific study of the morphology and pathology of bones.

Lehre vom Bau und den Krankheiten der Knochen

(anatomy) The bone structure of a particular individual, or species.

luusto

bone structure of a particular individual or species


osteon

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ὀστέον (ostéon, “bone”). Doublet of os.

(anatomy) Any of the central canals, and surrounding bony layers, found in compact bone.


Haversian system

Haversian system (plural Haversian systems)

(anatomy) The system of osteons in compact bone


salpingo-

From New Latin salpinx (“the salpinx”) + -o-, from Ancient Greek σᾰ́λπῐγξ (sắlpĭnx, “a war-trumpet”).

syringo-

also semantically related to tubes of various kinds

(anatomy, medicine) Salpinx; salpingeal.


endocranium

(anatomy) The layer between the dura mater and the skull


endolymph

en-noun

endolymph (countable and uncountable, plural endolymphs)

(anatomy) The watery fluid inside the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear.


pulmonate

From New Latin pulmōnātus (“having lungs”), from pulmō (“lung”) + -ātus.

(anatomy) Having lungs or similar organs.


oliva

Borrowed from Latin oliva (“olive”). Doublet of olive.

The medial part of the ventral lamina forms the most rostral pole of the oliva, the dorsal lamina the most caudal one.

1998, R. Nieuwenhuys, Hendrik Jan Donkelaar, Charles Nicholson, The Central Nervous System of Vertebrates: With Posters, page 1562:


derm

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek δέρμα (dérma, “skin”). Doublet of derma.

lbor

w:Webster's Dictionary#Webster's New International Dictionary 1909


cineritious

en-adj

cineritious (comparative more cineritious, superlative most cineritious)

more cineritious (comparative)
most cineritious (superlative)


epiphysis

(anatomy) The rounded end of any long bone.


intervillous space

en-noun

intervillous space (plural intervillous spaces)

(anatomy) Any of the spaces between the placental villi that contain maternal blood


joint space

(anatomy) The space in a joint between two bones.


parasympathetic nervous system

parasympathetic nervous system (plural parasympathetic nervous systems)

parasympathetic nervous systems (plural)

autonomic nervous system
autonomic nervous system

(neuroanatomy) One of the divisions of the autonomic nervous system, based between the brain and the spinal cord, that slows the heart and relaxes muscles.

副交感神経系

ふくこうかんしんけいけい


ancon

From Latin ancōn, from Ancient Greek ἀγκών (ankṓn, “bend, elbow, cranny”).


pectinate

Borrowed from Latin pectinātus (“combed”), from pectinō (“I comb”), from pecten (“comb”). First attested in the mid-18th century.

bor+

The moth's antennae were pectinate in shape, set with long teeth along one edge only.

(anatomy, zoology, botany) Having narrow ridges or projections aligned close together like the teeth of a comb.


sacrarium

en-noun

sacrarium (plural sacrariums or sacraria)

/səˈkɹɛəɹi.əm/

(anatomy) The complex sacrum of any bird.


capitular

From Middle English capituler, from Medieval Latin capitulāris, from Latin capitulum (“a small head, a chapter”).

der

the capitular process of a vertebra

(botany, anatomy) pertaining to a capitulum


urethral

/jʊˈɹiːθɹəl/

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-urethral.wav

From urethra + -al. By surface analysis, urethr- + -al.


cystic

From Middle French cystique, from Ancient Greek κύστις (kústis).

(anatomy) Of or pertaining to the gall bladder or the urinary bladder.


primordium

In tomato, for example, the first sepal primordium is formed as an outgrowth at the periphery of the apex and the subsequent sepal primordia are initiated in a helical fashion at an angle of approximately 137° from the previous one.

2017, Taylor A. Steeves, Vipen K. Sawhney, Essentials of Developmental Plant Anatomy, Oxford University Press, page 29:

(anatomy) An aggregation of cells that is the first stage in the development of an organ.


centrad

(medicine, anatomy, archaic) Toward the center.


coronad

en-adv

coronad (comparative more coronad, superlative most coronad)

more coronad (comparative)
most coronad (superlative)

Besides its axis, therefore, the Malleus possesses a pivot, which projects coronad or superiorly to the bony ring of the membrana tympani and antinio-basilad or anteriorily and inferiorily to its own head […]

1808 May, The Medical and Physical Journal, volume 19, number 111, page 396:

This canal is formed basilad or inferiorly by the crura cerebri g, and superiorly or coronad by the posterior commissure p […]

1825, John Lizars, A System of Anatomical Plates:

The facial branch of the left antler differs from the right one in being slender, round, and tapering throughout, and in curving coronad from near its commencement.

1854, Edward Forbes, editor, The zoology of the voyage of H. M. S. Herald:


hymeneal

en-adj

hymeneal (comparative more hymeneal, superlative most hymeneal)

more hymeneal (comparative)
most hymeneal (superlative)

From Latin hymenaeus (from Ancient Greek ὑμεναῖος (humenaîos, “matrimonial”)) + -al. Compare hymen.

uder

‘It doesn't seem to qualify as a haemorrhage,’ he said, with his usual cocky certainty. ‘Just heavy hymeneal bleeding, I'd say.’

1978, AS Byatt, The Virgin in the Garden, page 422:

(anatomy) Of or pertaining to the hymen.


distad

en-adv

distad (comparative more distad, superlative most distad)

more distad (comparative)
most distad (superlative)

(anatomy) Toward a distal part; on the distal side of; distally.


rotular

en-adj

rotular (comparative more rotular, superlative most rotular)

more rotular (comparative)
most rotular (superlative)

rotular surface

rotular groove

(anatomy) Of or relating to the rotula, or kneecap.


sellar

(anatomy) Relating to the sella turcica.


sternal

(anatomy) Of, relating to, or near the sternum.


horsetail

horsetails (plural)
horse tail (alternative)

From Middle English horsetaile, horstaile, equivalent to horse + tail.

(anatomy) cauda equina, a bundle of nerve fibers.


vascular tissue

en-noun

vascular tissue (countable and uncountable, plural vascular tissues)

(zoology, anatomy) The arteries, veins, capillaries, and associated tissues in an animal.


gluteal

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-gluteal.wav

These [boys being groomed as prostitutes] are sold by their parents (sometimes stolen from them), about the age of 4, and educated, while they are also subjected to a special physical training, which includes massage of the gluteal regions to favor development, dilatation of the anus, and epilation (which is not, however, practised by Chinese women).

1927, Havelock Ellis, Studies in the Psychology of Sex, Volume 2 (of 6):


gluteal

(anatomy) Any of the muscles of the buttocks, gluteus maximus, gluteus medius and gluteus minimus


hypertonic

en-adj

hypertonic (comparative more hypertonic, superlative most hypertonic)

more hypertonic (comparative)
most hypertonic (superlative)

(anatomy) Having a very high muscular tension; spastic.


epithelial

These included multilobular consolidation with histiological lesions of bronchiolitis with epithelial necrosis and syncytia [14 ].

2015 November 17, “Single Pathogen Challenge with Agents of the Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(anatomy) Of or pertaining to the epithelium.


root canal

en:passage inside tooth for nerve and blood vessels

(anatomy, dentistry) The hollow part of the root of a tooth, containing the nerve and blood vessels.


proprioceptor

Coined by English neurophysiologist Charles Sherrington in 1906, originally in the spelling proprio-ceptor, from proprius + clipped receptor.

coin

(anatomy) A nerve ending that functions as a sensory receptor in muscles, tendons, joints and the inner ear; they respond to movement and position


ductless gland

(anatomy) Any gland that secretes hormones directly into the bloodstream; especially the endocrine gland


RA

(anatomy, medicine) Initialism of right atrium.


extracellular matrix

en-noun

extracellular matrix (plural extracellular matrices)

connective tissue
connective tissue#English

(anatomy, cytology, histology) All the microscopic fibres and other molecular structures that are produced by a particular type of cell but are not part of it (that is, that lie outside its cell membrane), providing support to the cells and often serving as a co-constituent of the tissue that they constitute, especially a connective tissue.


eccentric contraction

eccentric contraction (plural eccentric contractions)

(anatomy) The tensioning of a muscle as it is being lengthened


FDC

follicular dendritic cell
follicular dendritic cell#English

(anatomy) Initialism of follicular dendritic cell.


gladiolus

gladiolus (plural gladioli or gladioluses)

gladioli (plural)
gladioluses (plural)
gladiola (alternative)

/ɡlædɪˈəʊləs/

From Latin gladiolus (“little sword, sword lily”), diminutive of gladius (“sword”).

der

(anatomy) The center part of the sternum.


tectorium

(anatomy) The tectorial membrane that covers the cochlear duct.


bursa

Borrowed from Medieval Latin bursa (“purse”), from Ancient Greek βύρσα (búrsa); compare purse and bourse, which are doublets.

A bursa over the anterior aspect of the upper end of the tibia, between the patellar tendon and the tubercle of the tibia, is sometimes enlarged, and may be mistaken for synovitis of the joint.

1899, Roswell Park, A Treatise on Surgery, page 402:

Bursitis is inflammation of a bursa, which results in pain, tenderness, and stiffness and in some cases, swelling and redness.

2004, Dicken Weatherby, Signs and Symptoms Analysis from a Functional Perspective, page 247:

A bursa may be present deep to coracobrachialis tendon.

2011, Neeta V. Kulkarni, Clinical Anatomy (A Problem Solving Approach), page 116:

(anatomy) Any of the many small fluid-filled sacs located at the point where a muscle or tendon slides across bone. These sacs serve to reduce friction between the two moving surfaces.


suprarenal gland

en-noun

suprarenal gland (plural suprarenal glands)

(anatomy) The adrenal gland, which is located just above the kidney in humans.


cochlear

(anatomy, relational) Of or pertaining to the cochlea.


hypoglossal

From New Latin hypoglōssus + -al, from Ancient Greek ῠ̔πόγλωσσος (hŭpóglōssos, “under the tongue”), from ῠ̔πο- (hŭpo-, “under, hypo-”) + γλῶσσᾰ (glôssă, “tongue”) + -ος (-os, adjectival suffix); equivalent to hypo- + glossal.

af

(anatomy, relational) Of or pertaining to the area under the tongue.

пад'язы́чны

of or pertaining to the area under the tongue — see also sublingual


hypoglossal

hypoglossal nerve
hypoglossal nerve#English

(anatomy) Ellipsis of hypoglossal nerve.


arborvitae

arborvitaes (plural)
arbor vitae (alternative)
arborvitæ (alternative obsolete)

[ˌɑɹbɚˈvaɪɾi]

[ˌɑɹbɚˈvəɪɾi]

/ˌɑɹbɚˈvaɪtə/

From Latin arbor (“tree”) + vitae (“of life”), literally “tree of life”, probably referring to the evergreen leaves. The anatomical sense from the branched, tree-like appearance of the tissue.

affix

(anatomy) The white nerve tissue of the cerebellum that has a branching structure.


spermatic

spermatics (plural)
spermatick (alternative obsolete)

From Middle English spermatik, from Latin spermaticus, from Ancient Greek σπερματικός (spermatikós).

The abdominal portion is supplied from the spermatics, the lumbar, and in some instances the mesocolic artery.

1853, The Encyclopaedia Britannica, page 791:

spermatic artery
spermatic artery#English

(anatomy, archaic) Ellipsis of spermatic artery.


cerebrospinal

There was an infection of the cerebrospinal fluid.

(anatomy) Of or pertaining to brain or spine (particularly the spinal cord).


subfenestral

2002, "Archaeopterygidae", by Andrzej Elzanowski, in Mesozoic Birds, Luis M. Chiappe & Lawrence M. Witmer edd.
The maxilla has a slender nasal process and a long subfenestral part. […] Wellnhofer (1974) and Witmer (1997) reconstructed a fenestrate "ascending ramus" of the maxilla, as found in nonavian theropods.


swim bladder

swim bladders (plural)
swim-bladder (alternative)
swimbladder (alternative)

(anatomy, usually of fish) A gas-filled sac within the bodies of most fish that variously acts as a float, lung, sound-producing organ or an aid to hearing.


cremaster

From Ancient Greek κρεμαστήρ (kremastḗr, “suspender”).

uder

(anatomy) A thin muscle attached to the testicles.


auricula

en-noun

auricula (plural auriculae or auriculas)

Unadapted borrowing from Latin auricula (“external ear; ear”). Doublet of auricle.

ubor

(anatomy) A small conical pouch projecting from either atrium of the heart.


dermal

From derm + -al. First attested in the early 19th century.

etydate

The dermal muscles in the face are used to form expressions.

(anatomy) Of or pertaining to skin or integument (or other forms of tissue)


sacroiliac

/ˌsækɹoʊˈɪliˌæk/

(anatomy) Relating to the sacrum and ilium, or to the region of the lower back where they are located.


sacroiliac

/ˌsækɹoʊˈɪliˌæk/

(anatomy) The region of the sacrum and the ilium in the lower back.


iliopsoas

en-noun

iliopsoas (plural iliopsoases or iliopsoai)

Look at those iliopsoases working!

5. Muscle tightness: Inflexibility of the hamstrings, the iliotibial tracts, and iliopsoai tends to aggravate lower backache.

1998, Richard Irvin, Duane Iversen, Steven Roy, Sports Medicine: Prevention, Assessment, Management, and Rehabilitation of Athletic Injuries, 2nd edition, Boston: Allyn & Bacon, →ISBN, page 317:

(anatomy) A compound muscle composed of the iliac and psoas muscles.


transmural

However, several enterographic findings are associated with increased disease activity, including wall thickening greater than 4 mm, intramural and mesenteric oedema, mucosal hyperaemia, wall enhancement (and enhancement pattern), transmural ulceration and fistula formation, vascular engorgement and inflammatory mesenteric lymph nodes (often with hyperenhancement).

2024, Jennifer Davidson, Beth Shepherd, Sunderarajan Jayaraman, Practice Long Cases for the Part B Final FRCR Examination:

(anatomy) passing through the wall of an organ or any other bodily structure


fasciola

The last-named portion is shaded with lines to indicate that it retreats; it embraces parts of the fasciola and lyra

1883, Burt Green Wilder, On the Brain of a Cat Lacking the Callosum, Preliminary Notics:

(anatomy) A band of grey matter bordering the fimbria in the brain; the dentate convolution.


iter

This fluid passes through the main iters which connect the various ventricles and filters through the thin membranes of the brain and cord, equalizing the pressure at all points.

1916, Mayo Clinic, Collected Papers of the Mayo Clinic and the Mayo Foundation, page 869:

(archaic, anatomy) A passage, especially the passage between the third and fourth ventricles in the brain; the cerebral aqueduct.


fibular

(anatomy) Of or pertaining to the fibula


medial collateral ligament

medial collateral ligament (plural medial collateral ligaments)

Her anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and medial collateral ligament (MCL) are torn and Vonn has a lateral fracture of the tibial plateau, the upper end of the tibia or shin bone.

2013 February 6, Jen Christiensen, “Vonn’s injury ‘career-delayer,’ not ‘career ender’”, in CNN:

(anatomy) One of the four main ligaments of the knee.


anconad

This articulation of the metacarpal bone of the thumb is luxated either thenad or anconad of the os trapezium; when thenad, there is a prominence in the palm of the hand, the finger is extended anconad, and cannot be inflected thenad; when luxated anconad, there is a projection on the anconal aspect of the wrist, the thumb is inflected thenad, and cannot be extended.

1823, John Lizars, A System of Anatomical Plates of the Human Body, volume 1:


gracilis

From Latin gracilis (“slender”). Doublet of gracile.

(anatomy) A slender superficial muscle of the inner thigh.


complexus

(anatomy) A large muscle of the back, passing from the spine to the head.


radio-

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-radio-.wav

e.g. radiobicipital


radiobicipital

(anatomy) Of or pertaining to the radius and the biceps.


radiohumeral

(anatomy) Of, pertaining to, or joining the radius and humerus.


radioreceptor

(anatomy) Any receptor that responds to radiation (such as heat and light)


rectus

Borrowed from Latin rēctus (“straight, upright”), clipping of mūsculus rēctus (“straight muscle”).

clipping

rectus abdominis
rectus abdominis#English

(anatomy) Any of several straight muscles in various parts of the body, as of the abdomen, thigh, eye etc.

(anatomy) Any of a number of muscles controlling the movement of the eyeball.


diverticulum

en-noun

diverticulum (plural diverticulums or diverticula or (proscribed) diverticuli)

diverticulums (plural)
diverticula (plural)
diverticuli (plural proscribed)

From Latin dīverticulum, alternative form of dēverticulum (“byroad; deviation”), from dēvertō (“turn away, turn aside”).

Diverticula are small, light-bulb-shaped pouches in the bowel wall, resulting from the tissue in the gut bulging outwards under pressure.

2015, Giulia Enders, translated by David Shaw, Gut, Scribe, published 2016, page 16:

(anatomy) A small out-pouching of an organ wall such as the large intestine or urinary bladder.


mesentery

From Late Latin mesenterium, from Ancient Greek μεσεντέρῐον (mesentérĭon), from μέσος (mésos, “middle”) + ἔντερον (énteron, “gut”).

(anatomy) The membrane that attaches the intestines to the wall of the abdomen, maintaining their position in the abdominal cavity, and supplying them with blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics.

аԥакьалҵӷа

the membrane that attaches the intestines to the wall of the abdomen


gynoid

The work intensity and duration was identical in android and gynoid obese women in this study, making it unlikely that energy expenditure in the training program was different in these two groups.

1987, Richard J. Wurtman, Judith J. Wurtman, Human Obesity, New York Academy of Sciences, page 71:

2008, Sharon Plowman, Denise Smith, Exercise Physiology for Health, Fitness, and Performance, Benjamin Cummings, Wolters Kluwer, 2nd Edition, page 219,
Alpha-receptors predominate in the lower body and are thus more abundant in the gynoid pattern.

As a result, measured ratios of estrogen to testosterone in women predict their ratios of gynoid fat to android fat (Singh, 1993, 1995, 2002a,b; Kirchengast et al., 1997). As should also be expected, women with higher ratios of gynoid to android fat are more fertile than their counterparts with lower ratios (Kirchengast et al., 1997; Singh, 1993, 1995, 2002a,b).

2008, Randy Thornhill, Steven W. Gangestad, The Evolutionary Biology of Human Female Sexuality, Oxford University Press, page 114:

(biology, anatomy) Of, pertaining to or following the distribution pattern of the type of body fat, more prevalent in women, that forms around the hips, breasts and thighs and is relatively rich in the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids which are important in the development of foetuses.


fusiform gyrus

fusiform gyrus (plural fusiform gyri or fusiform gyruses)

fusiform gyri (plural)
fusiform gyruses (plural)

(anatomy) A structure within the temporal lobe of the human brain, believed to be involved in colour processing and the recognition of faces, bodies, and words.


gyrus

From Latin gȳrus (“circle”), from Ancient Greek γῦρος (gûros). Doublet of gyro and gyre.

The sulci and gyri are the grooves and ridges, respectively.

(anatomy) A fold or ridge on the cerebral cortex of the brain.


fornicate gyrus

fornicate gyrus (plural fornicate gyri or fornicate gyruses)

fornicate gyri (plural)
fornicate gyruses (plural)

parahippocampal gyrus
parahippocampal gyrus

(anatomy) A horseshoe-shaped section of the cerebral cortex, comprising the cingulate gyrus and the parahippocampal gyrus.


fornix

Borrowing from Latin fornix (“an arch, vault”).

(anatomy) An archlike or vaulted structure or fold:

The junction where the conjunctiva lining the eyelid meets the conjunctiva overlying the sclera.

(neuroanatomy) A triangular area of white matter in the mammalian brain beneath the corpus callosum and between the hippocampus and the hypothalamus.

The vaulted upper part of the vagina surrounding the uterine cervix.


cingulate gyrus

cingulate gyrus (plural cingulate gyri or cingulate gyruses)

cingulate gyri (plural)
cingulate gyruses (plural)

(neuroanatomy) A section of the cerebral cortex, belonging to the fornicate gyrus, which arches over the corpus callosum.


corpus callosum

corpus callosum (plural corpora callosa)

(neuroanatomy) In placental mammals, a broad band of nerve fibres that connects the left and right hemispheres of the brain.


dentate gyrus

dentate gyrus (plural dentate gyri or dentate gyruses)

dentate gyri (plural)
dentate gyruses (plural)

The team found levels of these “mother cells” dropped with age in the front and middle region of the dentate gyrus.

2018 April 5, Nicola Davis, The Guardian:

(anatomy) A serrated section of the cerebral cortex, belonging to the hippocampus.


uncus

(anatomy, by extension) Any body part which is long, thin, and curved.

(neuroanatomy) Specifically, the hooked end of the parahippocampal gyrus of the temporal lobe.


parahippocampal gyrus

parahippocampal gyrus (plural parahippocampal gyri or parahippocampal gyruses)

parahippocampal gyri (plural)
parahippocampal gyruses (plural)

(anatomy) A section of the cerebral cortex that surrounds the hippocampus and which is the lower part of the fornicate gyrus.


frons

Borrowed from Latin frōns (“the forehead, brow, front”). Doublet of front.

bor

(anatomy) In vertebrates, especially mammals, the forehead; the part of the cranium between the orbits and the vertex.


MCP

(anatomy) Initialism of metacarpophalangeal.


cruciate sulcus

(anatomy) A major fissure in the brains of some mammals equivalent to the central sulcus of primates.


central sulcus

(neuroanatomy) A fissure in the cerebral cortex of primates; it separates the parietal lobe from the frontal lobe


tunicate

Borrowed from Latin tunicātus, see Etymology 1 and -ate (adjective-forming suffix).

This tunicate withered hag the Señora had my financial number.

1976 September, Saul Bellow, Humboldt’s Gift, New York, N.Y.: Avon Books, →ISBN, page 404:

(anatomy, botany) Enclosed in a tunic or mantle; covered or coated with layers.


vasculature

en-noun

vasculature (countable and uncountable, plural vasculatures)

From Latin vāsculum (“vessel”) + a suffix -ature. Compare ossature, musculature.

There were visible bruises, this close up, on the Emperor’s wrists, over the veins; inelastic skin and thin-walled vasculature insulted by what must have been countless injections.

2019, Arkady Martine, A Memory Called Empire, Tor, page 418:

(anatomy) The blood vessels or their arrangement in the body, or within an organ.


GH

GH joint

(anatomy, medicine) Initialism of glenohumeral.


suborbital

suborbitals (plural)
sub-orbital (alternative)


cortical

From Latin cortex (“bark”); Effectively cortex + -ical.

(anatomy) Pertaining to the outer layer of an internal organ or body structure, such as the kidney or the brain.

cortical

anatomy: pertaining to the outer layer of an internal organ or body structure


lunula

lunula (plural lunulae or (archaic) lunulæ)

lunulae (plural)
lunulæ (archaic plural)
lunule (alternative)

(anatomy) Something shaped like a crescent or half-moon; especially the pale area at the base of the fingernail.


cholecyst

From Ancient Greek χολή (kholḗ, “gall; bile”) + κύστις (kústis, “anatomical sac”).

uder

1882, Burt G. Wilder, Simon H. Gage, Anatomical Technology as Applied to the Domestic Cat, A. S. Barnes and Company, page 287,
Press on the cholecyst, and the contained bile will be forced into the various bile ducts:

1904, Columbus Medical Journal, Volume 28, Columbus Medical Publishing Company, page 342,
Sharpe observed that when the contents of the cholecyst had ulcerated, perforated, through the abdominal wall and the gall-bladder became evacuated the patient improved […] .

2010, Hans-Christian Schneider, Juergen Wahrburg, 4: Simulation Model for the Dynamics Analysis of a Surgical Assistance Robot, Seung Hyuk Baik (editor), Robot Surgery, InTech (IntechOpen), page 15,
This experiment simulates the environment by using a liver with a cholecyst to reproduce pseudo in-vivo environment and laparoscopic cholecystectomy where the cholecyst is removed from the liver.


intervertebral disc

en-noun

intervertebral disc (plural intervertebral discs)

intervertebral discs (plural)
intervertebral disk (alternative US)

(anatomy) A disc between the vertebra in the spine.


luteal

The app suggests foods and exercises for different stages of a woman’s cycle — “lazy girl glutes” and grass-fed butter during the luteal phase — along with workout videos, recipes and emotional guidance.

2025 March 21, Katie J. M. Baker, “The Conservative Women’s Magazine With Big Ambitions, and Sex Tips for Wives”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, archived from the original on 2025-03-21:

(anatomy) Of or pertaining to the corpus luteum.


corpus luteum

From Latin corpus (“body”) + lūteum (“yellow”).

The role of the corpus luteum in the oestrous cycle and in pregnancy was shown in 1929 by G. W. Corner (1889–1981) and Willard Allen (1904–93) to depend on a hormone named progestin, later called progesterol.

1997, Roy Porter, The Greatest Benefit to Mankind, Folio Society, published 2016, page 546:

(anatomy) A yellow mass of cells that forms from an ovarian follicle during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle in mammals; it secretes steroid hormones.


peduncle

From Late Latin pedunculus, from pedis, genitive of pēs (“foot”).

(anatomy) A bundle of neurons connecting different parts of the brain.

سُوَيْق

bundle of neurons connecting parts of brain

(anatomy) In arthropods, the base segments of an antenna or stalk-like structures such as the peduncles of some barnacles

(anatomy) In vertebrates, the base of any relatively massive anatomical member connected to the body by a narrower section. Cf. caudal peduncle of fishes.

varsi

anatomy, vertebrates, base of any relatively massive anatomical member

(anatomy) A stem attaching a mass of tissue (such as a polyp) to the body.


dilator

(anatomy) Any nerve or muscle that causes part of the body to dilate.


cardio-

From Ancient Greek καρδία (kardía, “heart”).

(anatomy) Relating to the cardia of the stomach.


sympathetic nervous system

sympathetic nervous system (plural sympathetic nervous systems)

(neuroanatomy) The part of the autonomic nervous system that raises blood pressure and heart rate, constricts blood vessels, and dilates the pupils when under stress.


epicardium

epicardium (plural epicardiums or epicardia)

New Latin, from Latin epi- (“over”) + Ancient Greek καρδία (kardía, “heart”). Attested in English from the 19th century.

(anatomy) The layer of tissue between the pericardium and the heart.


neurovascular

(anatomy) Of or pertaining to both nerves and blood vessels.

neurovaskulární

of or pertaining to nerves and blood vessels


reduplication

reduplication (countable and uncountable, plural reduplications)

Contrastive focus reduplication
Shm-reduplication
reduplication

(anatomy) The folding or doubling of a part or organ.


cementum

Borrowed from Latin caementum. Doublet of cement.

From a purely anatomic standpoint, root cementum is part of the tooth, but also part of the periodontium.

2005, Herbert F. Wolf, Klaus H. Rateitschak, Periodontology, page 14:

Cementum is the least known calcified tissue in vertebrates (Bosshardt and Schroeder 1996) and several questions about cementogenesis have not yet been answered.

2007, Ermanno Bonucci, Biological Calcification: Normal and Pathological Processes in the Early Stages, page 245:

Whether epithelial cells from Hertwig's sheath contribute to initial cementum formation is controversial as has already been discussed in Chap. 1.

2007, Pieter Johannes Slootweg, Dental Pathology: A Practical Introduction, page 8:

(anatomy, dentistry) A bony substance that covers the root of a tooth; cement.


blepharon

From Ancient Greek βλέφαρον (blépharon).


cerebellar

/ˌsɛ.ɹəˈbɛl.ə/

/ˌsɛɹ.əˈbɛl.ɚ/

(anatomy, relational) Of or pertaining to the cerebellum.


calvaria

calvaria (plural calvariae or calvarias)

From Latin calvāria (“skull”). Doublet of calavera and calvary.

CD105 Thy1- progenitor populations derived from regions of the fetal mandible or calvaria that do not undergo endochondral ossification formed only bone without marrow in our assay.

2008 December 10, Charles K. F. Chan et al., “Endochondral ossification is required for haematopoietic stem-cell niche formation”, in Nature, volume 457, number 7228, →DOI:

(anatomy) The dome or roof of the skull, the skullcap.


valvule

From Latin valvula (“valve, little valve”) either directly or via French valvule, from Latin valva (“double door, valve”) + -ula (“-ule, -ling: forming diminutives”). Doublet of valvula.


allantois

allantois (plural allantoises or allantoides)

allantoises (plural)
allantoides (plural)

Ancient Greek ἀλλαντοειδής (allantoeidḗs, “sausage-shaped”). Compare Greek αλλαντικό (allantikó).

der

ἀλλαντοειδής

(anatomy) A sac, having a number of functions, that develops in the alimentary canal of the embryos of mammals, birds and reptiles.

سِقَاء

sac in the alimentary canal of the embryos of mammals, birds and reptiles


uraniscus

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek οὐρανίσκος (ouranískos, “ceiling”).

lbor

(anatomy) The palate or roof of the mouth.


ventriculus

Unadapted borrowing from Latin ventriculus (“the belly”), diminutive of venter (“the belly”). Doublet of ventricle.

ubor

(anatomy, zootomy) A digestive cavity such as a gizzard or stomach.


brachialis

Borrowed from Latin bracchialis, brachialis. Doublet of brachial.

(anatomy) A muscle in the upper arm that flexes the elbow joint, in conjunction with the biceps brachii.


palatine uvula

en-noun

palatine uvula (plural palatine uvulas or palatine uvulae)

palatine uvulas (plural)
palatine uvulae (plural)

(anatomy) The uvula in the mouth (as distinguished from uvulae elsewhere in the body).


coracoid

(anatomy) Part of the scapula that projects towards the sternum in mammals; the coracoid process

(anatomy) A small bone linking the scapula and sternum in birds, reptiles and some other vertebrates


acrocoracoid

(anatomy) A dorsal expansion of the coracoid bone which completes the opening for the triosseal canal.


acrocoracoid process

acrocoracoid process (plural acrocoracoid processes)

(anatomy) A dorsal expansion of the coracoid process which completes the opening for the triosseal canal.


acrocoracohumeral

acrocoracoid process
acrocoracoid process

(anatomy) That connects the acrocoracoid process to the humerus.


acrocoracohumeral ligament

acrocoracohumeral ligament (plural acrocoracohumeral ligaments)

(anatomy) A ligament that connects the humerus to the shoulder joint; its evolution was critical to the origin of flight in birds.


glenoid

From Ancient Greek γληνοειδής (glēnoeidḗs, “socket like”), equivalent to
From glene + -oid.

der

(anatomy) A shallow depression in a bone, especially in the scapula.


glenoid

(anatomy) Of or pertaining to this depression.


scapulocoracoid

(anatomy) A fusion of the scapula and coracoid bones found in lower vertebrates.


fenestration

en-noun

fenestration (countable and uncountable, plural fenestrations)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-fenestration.wav

(surgery, anatomy) An opening in the surface of an organ etc; the surgical creation of such an opening, especially one in the bony part of the inner ear made to improve hearing.

перфорация

opening in the surface of an organ, surgical creation of such an opening

(surgery, anatomy) An opening that occurs naturally or is created surgically, as through a biological membrane.


cambium

cambium (countable and uncountable, plural cambiums or cambia)

Borrowed from Late Latin cambium (“a change”), from Gaulish. Doublet of change.

(anatomy) Periosteum, a membrane that covers the outer surface of bones


trapezius

trapezius (plural trapezii or trapeziuses)

Unknown but likely derived from Ancient Greek τράπεζα (trápeza).

The trapezius muscle resembles a trapezium (trapezoid in American English), or diamond-shaped quadrilateral. The word "spinotrapezius" refers to the human trapezius, although it is not commonly used in modern texts. In other mammals, it refers to a portion of the analogous muscle.

(anatomy) A large vertebrate skeletal muscle divided into an ascending, descending, and transverse portion, attaching the neck and central spine to the outer extremity of the scapula; it functions in scapular elevation, adduction, and depression.


ventral tegmental area

ventral tegmental area (plural ventral tegmental areas)


Morison's pouch

Morison's pouch (plural Morison's pouches)

For James Rutherford Morison, British surgeon (1853–1939).

(anatomy) A recess in the peritoneum inferior to the liver, to the right of the kidney and extending inferiorly to the transverse mesocolon.


submarginal

en-adj

submarginal (comparative more submarginal, superlative most submarginal)

more submarginal (comparative)
most submarginal (superlative)

(anatomy, zoology, botany) Below a margin.


azygos

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἄζυγος (ázugos, “unwedded, unpaired”).

bor

(anatomy, medicine) In anatomy, a structure that is unpaired. This is relatively unusual, as most elements of anatomy reflect bilateral symmetry.


urostyle

(anatomy) A styliform process forming the posterior extremity of the vertebral column in some fishes and amphibians.


cathodic

From cathode + -ic. Coined by William Whewell in 1837 in a letter to Michael Faraday.

(anatomy) Proceeding from a nerve centre; efferent.


manitrunk

(insects, anatomy) The anterior segment of the thorax in insects.


thyroid cartilage

en-noun

thyroid cartilage (plural thyroid cartilages)

(anatomy) The largest cartilage in the larynx; the Adam’s apple


vestibular

(anatomy) Of, pertaining to, or functioning as a vestibule (body cavity).

vestibular impulse

Ampulla of the perpendicular semicircular canal, receiving a fasciculus from the superior branch of the vestibular nerve[…].

1859, William James Erasmus Wilson, William H. Gobrecht, A System of Human Anatomy, General and Special:

(anatomy) Of or pertaining to the vestibule of the inner ear and the perception of body position, balance and movement.


striatum

Those nonaddicts who picked a winning card had increased blood flow to the striatum, but the gambling addicts who picked the right card had much less of it (their reward system was less active).

2006 June 25, Benoit Denizet-Lewis, “An Anti-Addiction Pill?”, in The New York Times Magazine:

(neuroanatomy) The caudate nucleus and the lentiform nucleus considered as a single structure.


psoas

psoas (plural psoae or psoai or psoas or psoases)

psoae (plural)
psoai (plural)
psoas (plural)
psoases (plural)

From Ancient Greek ψόας (psóas, “of the muscle of the loins”), genitive singular of ψόα (psóa).

der

(anatomy) Either of two muscles, the psoas major and psoas minor, involved in flexion of the trunk.


sagittal crest

(anatomy) A ridge of bone running lengthwise along the midline of the top of the skull (at the sagittal suture) in many mammals and primates


sublingual

Borrowed from New Latin sublinguālis, from sub- (“under, below, beneath”) + linguālis (“relating to the tongue”); equivalent to sub- + lingual.

sublingual

administered by placement beneath the tongue

разположен под езика

situated beneath the tongue — see also hypoglossal

(anatomy) Of or pertaining to the sublingual gland.


ciliary

(anatomy, relational)
Of or pertaining to the eyelashes.

(anatomy, relational)
Of or pertaining to the eyelid.

ciliary muscles

(anatomy, relational)
Of or pertaining to the ciliary body.


rod cell

(anatomy) Any of the cylindrical photoreceptor cells in the retina that function in dim light levels.

bastonet de la retina

any of the cylindrical photoreceptor cells in the retina


cone cell

(anatomy) Any of the photoreceptor cells in the retina that are responsible for colour vision in relatively bright light.


neuroectoderm

central nervous system
central nervous system

(anatomy) The region of the ectoderm of an embryo that develops into the central nervous system and other nervous tissue


mesenchyme

en-noun

mesenchyme (countable and uncountable, plural mesenchymes)

Late 19th c.: from meso- (“cellular tissue”) + -enchyme (from parenchyma).

(anatomy) That part of the mesoderm of an embryo that develops into connective tissue, bone, cartilage, etc


placode

The placodes are localized thickenings of the cephalic surface ectoderm. Each placode is formed from a group of cells which gives rise to a specific organ with a given specialized function.

1974, Herbert Tuchmann-Duplessis, G. David, P. Haegel, Illustrated Human Embryology, Volumes 1-3, Springer, page 94:

1978, Charles Russell Bardeen, Irving Hardesty, John Lewis Bremer, Edward Allen Boyden (editors), The Anatomical Record, Volume 191, A. R. Liss, page 450,
The neural crest cell bodies become more distant from the placode, but their cell processes permeate the increasingly fibrillar extracellular matrix subjacent to the placode.

Following neurulation, the placodes are first visible as thickenings of columnar epithelium in the non-neural ectoderm, which will go on to form the paired sense organs (olfactory, otic, and lateral line placodes), the lens of the eye (lens placode), the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland (adenohypophyseal placode) and essential components of some ganglia (epibranchial and trigeminal placodes).

2008, Roderick Nigel Finn, B. G. Kapoor, editors, Fish Larval Physiology, Taylor & Francis, page 15:

(biology, anatomy, comparative anatomy) A platelike thickening of the epithelial layer of an embryo from which an organ, especially a sense organ, develops.


ophryon

From Ancient Greek ὀφρύς (ophrús, “brow”) + -(i)on.

(anatomy) The point in the brow just above the optic foramen, or eyesocket, and glabella.


subperiosteal

(anatomy) Situated under the periosteum.


quadriceps tendon

quadriceps tendon (plural quadriceps tendons)

(anatomy) In human anatomy, a tendon that connects the quadriceps femoris muscles to the superior aspects of the patella on the anterior of the thigh.


salivary gland

(anatomy) Any of several exocrine glands that produce saliva to break down carbohydrates in food enzymatically.

غُدّة لُعَابِيّة

any of exocrine glands producing saliva to break down carbohydrates in food enzymatically


renal angle

(anatomy) An area located on either side of the human back between the lateral borders of the erector spinae muscles and inferior borders of the twelfth rib, so called because the kidney can be felt at this location.


neocortex

neocortex (plural neocortices or neocortexes)

neocortices (plural)
neocortexes (plural)

(neuroanatomy) The top layer of the cerebral hemispheres in the brain of mammals; part of the cerebral cortex.


centroblast

Therefore we proposed the term centroblast instead of germinoblast and the term centrocyte instead of germinocyte.

1975, K Lennert, “Morphology and classification of malignant lymphomas and so-called reticuloses”, in Malignant Lymphomas of the Nervous System:

secondary lymphoid follicle
secondary lymphoid follicle

follicular dendritic cell
follicular dendritic cell

(anatomy) An activated B cell that is enlarged with multiple eccentric nucleoli and proliferating in the germinal center of a secondary lymphoid follicle, after stimulation by follicular dendritic cell cytokines and helper T cells.


centrocyte

follicular center cell
follicular center cell

(anatomy) Any follicular center cell that has a nuclear cleft


limbic system

orbitofrontal cortex
orbitofrontal cortex

(neuroanatomy) Part of the human brain involved in emotion, motivation, and emotional association with memory; includes amygdala, cingulate gyrus, fornicate gyrus, hippocampus, hypothalamus, mammillary body, nucleus accumbens, orbitofrontal cortex and parahippocampal gyrus.


occipital

Borrowing from Middle French occipital, from Medieval Latin occipitālis, from occiput (“the back of the head, occiput”) + -ālis (“-al”, adjectival suffix), equivalent of occiput + -al. Doublet of occipitalis.

af

(anatomy) Of, pertaining to, or located within or near the occiput (back of the head) or the occipital bone.

тилов

of or pertaining to the occiput or occipital bone


cerebrospinal fluid

en-noun

cerebrospinal fluid (countable and uncountable, plural cerebrospinal fluids)

interthalamic adhesion
interthalamic adhesion

(neuroanatomy) A bodily fluid filling the third ventricle and surrounding the interthalamic adhesion.


constrictor

constrictor (plural constrictors or constrictores)

constrictors (plural)
constrictores (plural)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-constrictor.wav

Borrowed from New Latin cōnstrictor, or from constrict + -or.

(anatomy) A muscle whose contraction narrows a vessel or passage or compresses an organ.

pharyngeal constrictor
pharyngeal constrictor#English

(anatomy) Ellipsis of pharyngeal constrictor (“each of the muscles which constrict the pharynx”).


entorhinal cortex

entorhinal cortex (plural entorhinal cortexes or entorhinal cortices)

entorhinal cortexes (plural)
entorhinal cortices (plural)
as: EC (abbreviation)

(anatomy) A part of the brain which, together with the hippocampus, is important to memory functions


parotid gland

From Ancient Greek παρωτίς (parōtís, “(gland) behind the ear”), from παρά (pará, “behind”) + οὖς (oûs, “ear”).

bor

(anatomy) Either of a pair of salivary glands located in front of and below each ear in humans.


brown adipose tissue

en-noun

brown adipose tissue (countable and uncountable, plural brown adipose tissues)

(anatomy, physiology) One of the two types of adipose tissue present in many newborn or hibernating mammals which primarily serves to generate body heat, and which contains several small vacuoles and a relatively high number of mitochondria and capillaries.


emarginate

en-adj

emarginate (comparative more emarginate, superlative most emarginate)

more emarginate (comparative)
most emarginate (superlative)

From Latin emarginare; e- (“out”) + marginare (“to furnish with a margin”), from margo (“margin”).

1840 Georges Cuvier Cuvier's Animal kingdom (intranslation).
In the Haliotus, Lam, the shell is perforated along the side of the columella with a series of holes; and when the last hole remains incomplete, the shell has the appearance of beiing emarginate.

(zoology, anatomy) Having a margin that has concave edges as though with parts removed or notched.


metameric

(biology, anatomy) Exhibiting metamerism.


coronary artery

en-noun

coronary artery (plural coronary arteries)

(anatomy, cardiology) An artery arising from aorta.

coronary arteries
left coronary artery
right coronary artery


adnexal

(anatomy) Of, or relating to the adnexa.


canaliculus

From Latin canāliculus (“small channel, pipe or gutter”), diminutive of canālis (“channel; pipe, gutter”), from canna (“cane, reed”), from Ancient Greek κάννα (kánna, “reed”).

uder

(anatomy) Any of many small canals or ducts in the body, such as in the bone, or in some plants


glomerulus

From the diminutive of the Latin glomus (gen. glomeris) meaning "ball of yarn" or "ball-shaped mass".

(anatomy) A small intertwined group of capillaries within nephrons of the kidney that filter the blood to make urine

sensory transduction
sensory transduction

(anatomy) A structure in the olfactory bulb central to olfactory sensory transduction, composed of receptor neuron axons and mitral neuron dendrites and organized by odor type.


innervate

en-verb

innervate (third-person singular simple present innervates, present participle innervating, simple past and past participle innervated)

innervates (present singular third-person)
innervating (participle present)
innervated (participle past)
innervated (past)

From in- + nerve + -ate (verb-forming suffix).

af

(anatomy, zoology) To supply (an organ or part of the body) with nerves.


carotid artery

en-noun

carotid artery (plural carotid arteries)

Meronyms: common carotid artery, external carotid artery, internal carotid artery

Bronca can almost feel the hard pulse of blood in five other carotid arteries and hear its rush in five other sets of ears as she leans her hands on the table.

2022, N. K. Jemisin, The World We Make, Orbit, page 134:


trapezial

(anatomy) Of or pertaining to the trapezius muscle.

(anatomy) Of or pertaining to the trapezium bone of the wrist.


pyloric sphincter

pyloric sphincter (plural pyloric sphincters)

(anatomy) Muscular valve connecting the stomach to the duodenum and regulating flow of materials out of the stomach.


erector

erectors (plural)
erectour (alternative)

From Latin ērigō (“I raise up, elevate, lift”), equivalent to erect + -or.

bor

(anatomy) Any of several muscles that make parts of the body erect.


punctate

en-adj

punctate (comparative more punctate, superlative most punctate)

more punctate (comparative)
most punctate (superlative)

From Latin punctum (“point”). See point and punctuate.

Keys to the Nearctic species of Pseudomyrmex
Head and pronotum densely punctate and predominantly opaque, punctures on upper half of head mostly contiguous and without extensive shiny interspaces […]

(anatomy) Marked by spots, dots, points, or punctures.


impunctate

impunctate (comparative more impunctate, superlative most impunctate)

more impunctate (comparative)
most impunctate (superlative)

Beak with segment I subequal to or shorter than II; head smooth, impunctate, shining (big-eyed bugs--University of Florida Featured Creatures)

(anatomy) Not punctate; not marked by spots, dots, points, or punctures.


digitate

From Latin digitātus for the adjective and digitāre for the verb.

(botany, anatomy) Having parts that spread out from a common point in a finger-like manner.

إِصْبَعِيّ

botany: having leaves divided in finger-like parts


digitate

en-verb

digitate (third-person singular simple present digitates, present participle digitating, simple past and past participle digitated)

digitates (present singular third-person)
digitating (participle present)
digitated (participle past)
digitated (past)

But what is most worthy of notice is, that the greater number of muscular fibres arising from the coracoid and radio-ulnar bones form a pectoral muscle, superficial to the other fibres of the great lateral, and digitating with them along the side of the fish opposite the extremities of the fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth ribs.

1857 December 23, John Cleland, “On the Skeleton, Muscles, and Viscera of Malapterurus Beninensis”, in Proceedings of the Royal Physical Society of Edinburgh, volume 1, Edinburgh, published 1858, page 393:

(botany, anatomy) To spread out from a common point in a finger-like manner.


scleral

(anatomy) Of, or pertaining to, the sclera.


columella

en-noun

columella (plural columellas or columellae)

/ˌkɒləˈmɛlə/

(anatomy) The skin at the end of the septum which separates the nostrils.

(comparative anatomy) In birds, reptiles, and amphibians, the small bone which carries vibration from the tympanum to the inner ear.


ball of the thumb

ball of the thumb (plural balls of the thumb)

(anatomy, informal) The fleshy portion, opposite the nail, of the first segment (first phalange) of the human thumb.

(anatomy) The most fleshy portion of the palm of the human hand, located adjacent to the second joint of the thumb: the thenar eminence.


palpebral fissure

palpebral fissure (plural palpebral fissures)

(anatomy) The separation between the upper and lower eyelids.


paraglottic space

paraglottic space (plural paraglottic spaces)

(anatomy) A site within the larynx whose lateral border is the thyroid cartilage and posterior (dorsal) border is the pyriform sinus.


Broca's area

Broca discovered the brainʼs speech centre in the frontal lobe — the first time that anyone had connected an area of the brain to a specific action. The speech centre is still called Brocaʼs area.

2019, Bill Bryson, The Body: A Guide for Occupants, Black Swan (2020), page 89:

(neuroanatomy) An area of the frontal lobe of the brain associated with the control of speech.


lymph gland

(anatomy, immunology, informal) Synonym of lymph node.


lymphatic node

(anatomy, immunology) Synonym of lymph node.


lymphoglandula

lymphoglandula (plural lymphoglandulae or lymphoglandulas)

lymphoglandulae (plural)
lymphoglandulas (plural)

Borrowing from New Latin lymphoglandula, from lympha (“clear water”) + glandula (“a small acorn”), equivalent to lympho- + glandula.

af

<i class="Latn mention" lang="la">glandula</i>


lymphonodus

Borrowing from New Latin lymphonōdus, from lympha (“clear water”) + nōdus (“a knot, knob, node”); equivalent to lympho- + nodus.


glial cell

(anatomy) A type of cell, in the nervous system, that provides support for the neurons.


mandibular

The head produces a mandibular gland pheromone composed of ketones, the thorax lacks large glands, and the abdomen contains the venom and the Nasonov gland that produces lemon oil compounds.

2016, Justin O. Schmidt, The Sting of the Wild, Johns Hopkins University Press, →ISBN, page 28:

(anatomy, zootomy) Of or pertaining to the mandible.


mandibulohyoid

(anatomy) Pertaining both to the mandibular and the hyoid arch


amygdaloid

From Ancient Greek ἀμυγδάλη (amugdálē, “almond”) + -oid.


maxillary sinus

en-noun

maxillary sinus (plural maxillary sinuses)

(anatomy) A paranasal sinus found in the body of the maxilla.


orchis

orchis (plural orchises or orchides or (archaic) orchisses)

orchises (plural)
orchides (plural)
orchisses (archaic plural)

Borrowed from Latin orchis, from Ancient Greek ὄρχις (órkhis, “testicle”).


neuroanatomy

en-noun

neuroanatomy (countable and uncountable, plural neuroanatomies)

This flowchart suggested by the neuroanatomy corresponds fairly well with what psychologists see in the clinic and lab.

2011, Steven Pinker, The Better Angels of Our Nature, Penguin, published 2012, page 609:

(anatomy) The anatomy of the nervous system.

(anatomy) The structure of the nerves of a specific organ or organism.


caruncle

/kəˈɹʌŋ.kəl/

/kəˈɹʌŋ.kl̩/

/ˈkɛɹˌʌŋ.kəl/

/ˈkæˌɹʌŋ.kəl/

/kəˈɹʌŋ.kəl/

Borrowed from Middle French caruncule, from Latin caruncula (“a little piece of flesh”), diminutive of carō (“flesh”). Doublet of caruncula.

der

(anatomy, zootomy) A small, fleshy excrescence that is a normal part of an animal's anatomy.

lihake

small, fleshy excrescence on an animal — see also wattle

lacrimal caruncle
lacrimal caruncle#English

(anatomy) Clipping of lacrimal caruncle: the red prominence at the inner corner of the eye.


foodway

From food + way; in the sense of "alimentary canal", by extension from airway.


tegument

Also in late Middle English, borrowed from Latin tegumentum (“a cover”), from tegere (“to cover, clothe”, verb) + -mentum (suffix forming nouns). Compare integument.

affix

(anatomy, obsolete) A natural covering of the body or of a bodily organ; an integument.


cephalothoracic

(anatomy) Relating to or resembling a cephalothorax.


calcar

... a calcar, the apical spine of the inner series must in many of the species be also considered as such, since the appearance of both, and their position as regards the calcaria, are precisely similar. This apical spine of the inner[…]

1913, David Sharp, Fauna Hawaiiensis: Being the Land-fauna of the Hawaiian Islands, page 23:

... The calcaria are frequently specified in the taxonomy of insects and are [...] a calcar is known as a strigilis. [...] A calcar and sometimes some of the adjacent setae are used for closing the[…]

1923, Alexander Dyer MacGillivray, External Insect-anatomy: A Guide to the Study of Insect Anatomy and an Introduction to Systematic Entomology, page 245:

... calcars. When the tail is long (equal to or longer than the length of the hind legs) and calcars are present [...] calcar is absent in all known specimens[…]

2023 November 21, Danilo Russo, Brock Fenton, A Natural History of Bat Foraging: Evolution, Physiology, Ecology, Behavior, and Conservation, Elsevier, →ISBN, page 19:

(botany, anatomy) A spur-like projection.


preoral

preoral aperture

preoral brush

preoral cavity

preoral nerve

(anatomy) Situated in front of, or anterior to, the mouth.


postoral

en-adj

postoral (comparative more postoral, superlative most postoral)

more postoral (comparative)
most postoral (superlative)
post-oral (alternative)

(anatomy, zoology) Situated behind, or posterior to, the mouth


glabella

en-noun

glabella (plural glabellas or glabellae)

From Latin glaber (“smooth, hairless, bald”).

(anatomy) The space between the eyebrows and above the nose.


mesophryon

From Ancient Greek μεσόφρυον (mesóphruon), from μέσος (mésos, “between”) and ὀφρύς (ophrús, “eyebrow”).

(anatomy) glabella (the space between the eyebrows and nose)


apocrine

From apo- (“away from”) + Ancient Greek κρῑ́νω (krī́nō, “to separate”).

uder

They observed that apocrine metaplasia often was present in breasts with other "noncancerous proliferative lesions," but they found no significant difference in the frequency of apocrine metaplasia between "cancerous and noncancerous breasts."

2001, Paul Peter Rosen, Rosen's Breast Pathology, page 97:

Lobular cysts as well as micro- and macrocysts are very often lined to a variable extent by apocrine epithelium. Pathologists call this condition apocrine metaplasia, meaning a transformation of the normal epithelial cells into sweat-gland-like cells similar to those found in the apocrine glands of the vulva, eyelid, and external auditory canal.

2003, Marton Lanyi, Mammography: Diagnosis and Morphological Analysis, page 64:

Apocrine glands are distributed throughout the body but are present in greatest abundance in the axilla, followed by the anogenital region.

2011, Jivko A. Kamarashev, “3.2.1: Tumours with Apocrine and Eccrine Differentiation”, in Reinhard Dummer, Mark R. Pittelkow, Keiji Iwatsuki, Adèle Green, Nagwa M. Elwan, editors, Skin Cancer - A World-Wide Perspective, page 128:

Two appreciate what happened, note that sweat glands come in two varieties, apocrine and eccrine.

2016, Joseph Henrich, chapter 5, in The Secret of Our Success […] , Princeton: Princeton University Press, →ISBN:

(anatomy, biology, histology) Of or pertaining to an apocrine gland or to its mode of secretion, which involves the budding of portions of the secreting cells.

apokriininen

of or pertaining to an apocrine gland or to its mode of secretion


apocrine gland

At puberty, apocrine glands start producing a viscous pheromone-containing secretion, which is often processed by bacteria to create a strong aroma. These glands are confined to our armpits, nipples, and groin (guess what they are for?).

(anatomy) Any of several coiled, tubular glands that extrudes part of the cytoplasm as a secretion.

大汗腺

any of several coiled, tubular glands that extrudes part of the cytoplasm as a secretion


septal

(anatomy, biology, relational) Of or pertaining to a septum.


myxochondroepithelioma

(anatomy) A benign tumor of the salivary gland, composed of three kinds of cells: epithelial cells, chondrocytes and stroma cells.


cancellate

en-adj

cancellate (comparative more cancellate, superlative most cancellate)

more cancellate (comparative)
most cancellate (superlative)

From Latin cancellatus, past participle of cancellare.


dorsum

Borrowing from Latin dorsum (“the back”).

(anatomy) The back or dorsal region on the surface of an animal.

The back of the tongue, used for articulating dorsal consonants.

The top of the foot or the back of the hand.


macula

From Middle English macula (“spot on the skin or in the eye”), borrowed from Latin macula (“spot, stain”). Doublet of macchia and macule.

inh

(anatomy) An oval yellow spot near the center of the retina of the human eye, histologically defined as having two or more layers of ganglion cells, responsible for detailed central vision.

màcula

anatomy: yellow spot near the center of retina

macula lutea

(anatomy, biology) A small chamber of the inner ear of certain vertebrates filled with endolymph and containing an otolith.


mons

Borrowed from Latin mōns (“mountain”). Doublet of mount.

Hesitantly, she used one finger to stroke the very top of the mons, surprised at its fatty, downy fullness — unfamiliar, despite a life of touching herself.

2021, Leone Ross, This One Sky Day, Faber & Faber Limited, page 316:


Haversian canal

en-noun

Haversian canal (plural Haversian canals)

(anatomy) A hollow channel in the center of an osteon, running parallel to the length of a bone.

canáil Havers

anatomy: a hollow channel in the center of an osteon


tendinous

Borrowed from New Latin tendinōsus, from tendō (“sinew, tendon”) + -ōsus (“-ous”).

af

(anatomy) Of, pertaining to, or resembling a tendon or sinew.


trochanter

From French trochanter, from Ancient Greek τροχαντήρ (trokhantḗr).

(anatomy) In vertebrates with legs, the end of the femur near the hip joint, not including the head or neck.


omentum

(anatomy) Either of two folds of the peritoneum that support the viscera.


phalangeal

(anatomy) A phalange (bone of a finger or toe)


portal vein

gastrointestinal tract
gastrointestinal tract

(anatomy) A short, wide vein located in the abdominal cavity formed by the union of the superior mesenteric and splenic veins that channels blood from the gastrointestinal tract and spleen to capillary beds in the liver.


vastus

From Latin vastus (“vast, immense, enormous, huge, monstrous”). Doublet of vast.

der

(anatomy) One of the great muscles upon the front of the thigh.


geniohyoid

/d͡ʒɪˌnʌɪ.ə(ʊ)ˈhʌɪ.ɔɪd/

/d͡ʒɪˌniː.ə(ʊ)ˈhʌɪ.ɔɪd/

Borrowed from New Latin genīohyoīdeus, clipping of musculus genīohyoīdeus; from Ancient Greek γένειον (géneion, “the chin”) + Latin hyoīdēs (“U-shaped”) + Latin -eus (adjectival suffix); equivalent to genio- (“relating to the chin”) + hyoid.

af

(anatomy) Of or pertaining to the chin and hyoid bone.

(anatomy) Of or pertaining to the geniohyoid muscle.


geniohyoid

geniohyoids (plural)
geniohyoideus (alternative)

/d͡ʒɪˌnʌɪ.ə(ʊ)ˈhʌɪ.ɔɪd/

/d͡ʒɪˌniː.ə(ʊ)ˈhʌɪ.ɔɪd/

geniohyoid muscle
geniohyoid muscle#English

(anatomy) Ellipsis of geniohyoid muscle.


depressor

en-noun

depressor (plural depressors or (muscle) depressores)

depressors (plural)
depressores (plural)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-depressor.wav

(anatomy) Any of several muscles whose contraction pulls down a part of the body.

(neuroanatomy, physiology) A nerve or nerve fiber that decreases the activity or the tone of the organ or the part it innervates, such as lowering the blood pressure.


procerus

proceri (plural)
proceruses (plural)
procerus nasi (alternative)

/pɹəʊˈsɛə.ɹəs/

Borrowed from Latin prōcērus (“high, tall, long”), clipping of mūsculus prōcērus (“tall muscle”).

clipping

(anatomy) A roughly triangular facial muscle that arises from the fascia of the nasal bone and a cartilage in the side of the nose and inserts into the skin between the eyebrows, drawing down the medial part of the eyebrow and the skin of the forehead.


intercrural

/ɪntəˈkɹʊəɹəl/

(anatomy) Applied to the interneural plates in the vertebral column of many cartilaginous fish.


urethral sphincter

en-noun

urethral sphincter (plural urethral sphincters)

(anatomy) The collective muscles used to control the flow of urine from the urinary bladder. These muscles surround the urethra, so that when they contract, the urethra is closed.


tracheal

When an allergic reaction caused Jack's throat to swell, the paramedics inserted a tracheal tube so that he could breathe.

(anatomy, relational) Of or pertaining to the trachea.


habenula

Borrowed from Latin habenula, diminutive of habena.

(neuroanatomy) A circumscript mass of cells in the caudal and dorsal aspect of the dorsal thalamus.


gonopodium

From gono- + -podium (“part resembling a foot”).

affix

(anatomy) A modified extremity, such as an anal fin, of certain types of livebearing fish and arthropods (most notably crustaceans and myriapods), which is used for reproduction.


suprapubic

(anatomy) Above, or anterior to, the pubic bone.


ascending colon

en-noun

ascending colon (plural ascending colons)

(anatomy) A part of the colon between the cecum and the transverse colon.


transverse colon

transverse colon (plural transverse colons)

(anatomy) A part of colon joining ascending colon and descending colon.


descending colon

descending colon (plural descending colons)

(anatomy) A part of the colon adjacent to the sigmoid colon.


bile duct

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-bile duct.wav

(anatomy) Any of a number of long tube-like structures that carry bile.


brain stem

brain stems (plural)
brainstem (alternative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-brain stem.wav

(neuroanatomy, anatomy) The part of the brain that connects the spinal cord to the cerebrum and the rest of the forebrain.

جِذْع الدِمَاغ

part of the brain that connects the spinal cord to the forebrain and cerebrum


habitus

habitus (usually uncountable, plural habiti or habitus or habituses)

habiti (plural)
habitus (plural)
habituses (plural)

From Latin habitus (“habit”), from habeō (“have; maintain”). The plural habiti is a misconstruction, as the Latin plural is in fact habitūs. habiti may have been influenced by Latin habitī, the plural of the participle habitus; however, it is not the etymon of the English term.

(anatomy, medicine) the general shape and appearance of the body, usually with reference to weight, adipose distribution, posture, and gait; most often called by the collocation body habitus.


malleolar

(anatomy) Of or relating to the malleolus.


malleolus

malleolus (plural malleoli or malleoluses)

Borrowed from Latin malleolus (“a small hammer or mallet”); itself from malleus (“a hammer, mallet”) + -olus (“diminutive suffix”).

suffix

Meronyms: lateral malleolus, medial malleolus, posterior malleolus

(anatomy) The bony prominence with a shape likened to a hammerhead, especially each of those at the distal end of the fibula or tibia, on either side of the ankle joint.


rib cage

rib cages (plural)
ribcage (alternative)
rib-cage (alternative)

(anatomy) A part of the skeleton within the thoracic area consisting of ribs, sternum and thoracic vertebrae.


lemniscus

en-noun

lemniscus (plural lemniscuses or lemnisci)

Borrowed from Latin lēmniscus (“pendent ribbon”), from Ancient Greek λημνῐ́σκος (lēmnĭ́skos), from Λῆμνος (Lêmnos, “a Greek island Lemnos”) + -ίσκος (-ískos, “noun-forming diminutive suffix”).

af

(anatomy) A ribbon of fibers, especially of cerebral white nerve fibers.


maxillary

Borrowed from Latin māxillāris (“of or belonging to the jaw”), from māxilla (“the jawbone, jaw”) + -āris (“-ar, -ary”, adjectival suffix); equivalent to maxilla + -ary.

af

(anatomy) Of or relating to the jaw or jawbone.


maxillary

maxillaries (plural)
maxillar (alternative)

In the RODENTIA the interorbital space is still larger, by reason of the size of the intermaxillary bones throwing the maxillary backwards and to the sides, where they form the inner orbitar wall, in which the palate bones occupy only a small space. The anterior wall is formed by a process of the maxillary, which contributes to form the zygomatic arch, while the malar is suspended in the middle between the process and that of the temporal bone.

Neoplastic localisations in the maxillaries can be distinguished between primitive tumour lesions with osteomedullary origin (osteoma, osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, myeloma, etc.) and secondary neoplasms of the maxillaries such as the hematogenous metastasis or the tumours which affect the maxillaries for their adjacency, for example, the lesions in the oral cavity and the salivary glands.

2014, Ignazio Pandolfo, Silvio Mazziotti, Orthopantomography, page 148:

A tendon extends from the inner surface of the dentary to the postero-lateral surface of the maxillary near the ball and socket joint.

1928, Edna May Keeler, A Comparative Study of the Muscles Controlling the Maxillary Tentacles of the Siluridae, page 42:

(anatomy) A tooth growing from the upper jawbone.


astragal

From Ancient Greek ἀστράγαλος (astrágalos). Doublet of astragalus.

(anatomy) Synonym of anklebone: the bone forming the ball of the ankle joint.


shoulder girdle

en-noun

shoulder girdle (plural shoulder girdles)

(anatomy) The human pectoral girdle, consisting of the collarbones and shoulder blades.


pectoral girdle

pectoral girdle (plural pectoral girdles)

(anatomy) The bony or cartilaginous assembly that supports the forelimbs in vertebrates


myelin sheath

(neuroanatomy) An envelope of myelin that surrounds nerve fibres.


nerve fibre

nerve fibres (plural)
nerve fiber (alternative)


bucca

Learned borrowing from Latin bucca (“the cheek”).


internal organ

The salarians at first thought the krogan were confused about the nature of Kruban's environment; the planet is named for a krogan mythological paradise in which honorable warriors feast on the internal organs of their enemies. In fact, krogan astronomers had correctly deduced the nature of Kruban in the years before the global holocaust.

2010, BioWare, Mass Effect 2 (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →OCLC, PC, scene: Kruban:

(anatomy) An organ, such as the heart or colon, that is entirely within the confines of the body.

內臟 /内脏

an organ that is entirely within the confines of the body


hypothalamic

Thus, in brain studies that purport to find the origins of sexual orientation, gay men are said to have hypothalamic nuclei that are smaller than a straight mans and closer in size to a womans, and thus they are attracted to men.

1999 March 20, Natalie Angiers, The Guardian:

(anatomy) Of or pertaining to the hypothalamus.


parasympathetic

From para- (“beside, adjacent to”) + sympathetic, because some of these nerves run alongside sympathetic nerves.

prefix

autonomic nervous system
autonomic nervous system

sympathetic nervous system
sympathetic nervous system

(neuroanatomy, neurology, relational) Of or relating to the part of the autonomic nervous system that inhibits or opposes the effects of the sympathetic nervous system. It consists of nerves arising from the brain and the lower end of the spinal cord and supplying the internal organs, blood vessels, and glands.

parasimpàtic

relating to part of the autonomic nervous system


myotube

(anatomy) A structure of elongated multinucleate cells that contains some peripherally located myofibrils


ACA

anterior cerebral artery
anterior cerebral artery#English

(anatomy) Initialism of anterior cerebral artery.