brown

en-noun

brown (countable and uncountable, plural browns)

Bislama: braon

Tok Pisin: braun

→ Welsh: brown

→ Tongan: palauni

From Middle English broun, from Old English brūn (“brown; dark; dusky”), from Proto-West Germanic *brūn, from Proto-Germanic *brūnaz, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerH-. Doublet of bruin.
Cognates
* Dutch bruin
* German braun
* Ancient Greek φρύνη (phrúnē), φρῦνος (phrûnos, “toad”)
* Latin brunneus (“brown”)
* Lithuanian bė́ras (“brown”)
* Sanskrit बभ्रु (babhrú, “reddish-brown”)
* West Frisian brún

cog

The temptation to have a shot into the brown was great. There was not a head there which was not a big one and the one by himself was not too easy a shot since it is always difficult to shoot when lying in soft snow.

1928, R. Pigot, Twenty-five Years Big Game Hunting, page 166:

My anger mounted at this, I opened the courtyard door and raised my musket to fire into the brown; I had loaded it with small shot, and if it had gone off that would have been the death of us and the ruin of all of us in the house.

1979, Kevin Andrews, Athens Alive, page 223:

(hunting, as "the brown") A mass of birds or animals that may be indiscriminately fired at.


point

en-noun

point (countable and uncountable, plural points)

→ Cantonese: point

→ Indonesian: poin

→ Japanese: ポイント (pointo)

→ Korean: 포인트 (pointeu)

→ Malay: poin

From Middle English poynt, from Old French point m (“dot; minute amount”), from Latin pūnctum (“a hole punched in; a point, puncture”), substantive use of pūnctus m, perfect passive participle of pungō (“I prick, punch”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pewǵ- (“prick, punch”)); alternatively, from Old French pointe f (“sharp tip”), from Latin pūncta f (past participle). Mostly displaced native Middle English ord (“point”), from Old English ord (“point”). Doublet of pointe, ponto, puncto, punctum, punt, and punto.

kärki

position at the front or vanguard of an advancing force

decimal point

not used when reading decimal fractions aloud

(falconry) The perpendicular rising of a hawk over the place where its prey has gone into cover.

In various sports, a position of a certain player, or, by extension, the player occupying that position.

(hunting) A spot to which a straight run is made; hence, a straight run from point to point; a cross-country run.


point

en-verb

point (third-person singular simple present points, present participle pointing, simple past and past participle pointed)

points (present singular third-person)
pointing (participle present)
pointed (participle past)
pointed (past)
p'int (alternative)

From Middle English pointen, poynten, from Old French pointier, pointer, poynter, from point from Latin pūnctum.

Novv the vvarm Scent aſſures the Covey near, / He [the dog] treads vvith Caution, and he points vvith Fear; […]

1713, [John] Gay, Rural Sports. A Poem. […], 2nd edition, London: […] J[acob] Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 16:

(intransitive, hunting) To indicate the presence of game by a fixed and steady look, as certain hunting dogs do.


man

man (third-person singular simple present mans, present participle manning, simple past and past participle manned)

mans (present singular third-person)
manning (participle present)
manned (participle past)
manned (past)

From Middle English mannen, from Old English mannian, ġemannian (“to man, supply with men, populate, garrison”), from mann (“human being, man”).
Cognates
* Dutch bemannen (“to man”)
* German bemannen (“to man”)
* Danish bemande (“to man”)
* Swedish bemanna (“to man”)
* Icelandic manna (“to supply with men, to man”)

cog

(transitive, obsolete, chiefly falconry) To accustom (a raptor or other type of bird) to the presence of people.


cast

en-verb

cast (third-person singular simple present casts, present participle casting, simple past and past participle cast or (nonstandard) casted)

casts (present singular third-person)
casting (participle present)
cast (participle past)
cast (past)
casted (nonstandard participle past)
casted (nonstandard past)
cast (infinitive)
cast (first-person present singular)
cast (first-person past singular)
cast (present second-person singular)
castest (archaic present second-person singular)
cast (past second-person singular)
castest (archaic past second-person singular)
casts (present singular third-person)
casteth (archaic present singular third-person)
cast (past singular third-person)
cast (plural present)
cast (past plural)
cast (present subjunctive)
cast (past subjunctive)
cast (imperative present)
casting (participle present)
cast (participle past)

New York, New Orleans, Philadelphia, Baltimore

Etymology tree
Proto-Germanic *kas-
Proto-Germanic *kastōną
Old Norse kastabor.
Middle English casten
English cast
From Middle English casten, from Old Norse kasta (“to throw, cast, overturn”), from Proto-Germanic *kastōną (“to throw, cast”), of unknown origin.
Cognate with Scots cast (“to cast, throw”), Danish kaste (“to throw”), Swedish kasta (“to throw, cast, fling, toss, discard”), Icelandic kasta (“to pitch, toss”). In the sense of "flinging", displaced native warp.
The senses relating to broadcasting are based on that same term; compare -cast.

cog

let he who is without sin cast the first stone

let him that is without sin cast the first stone

let him who is without sin cast the first stone

He clambered on to an apron of rock that held its area out to the sun and began to cast across it. The direction of the wind changed and the scent touched him again.

1955, William Golding, The Inheritors, Faber and Faber, published 2005, page 50:

(hunting) Of dogs, hunters: to spread out and search for a scent.

hakea vainu

hunting: to spread out and search for a scent


cast

As when a cast of Faulcons make their flight / An an Herneshaw, that lyes aloft on wing […]

1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book VI, Canto VII”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:

Louis XIV was keen, employing a total hawking personnel of 175 and adding a fourth cast of gyrfalcons to hunt hares in 1682 […].

2007, Tim Blanning, The Pursuit of Glory, Penguin, published 2013, page 395:

(hawking) The number of hawks (or occasionally other birds) cast off at one time; a pair.


prick

en-verb

prick (third-person singular simple present pricks, present participle pricking, simple past and past participle pricked)

pricks (present singular third-person)
pricking (participle present)
pricked (participle past)
pricked (past)

From Middle English prikken, from Old English prician, priccan (“to prick”), from Proto-Germanic *prikōną, *prikjaną (“to pierce, prick”), of uncertain origin; perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *breyǵ- (“to scrape, scratch, rub, prickle, chap”). Cognate with dialectal English pritch, Dutch prikken (“to prick, sting”), Middle High German pfrecken (“to prick”), Swedish pricka (“to dot, prick”), and possibly to Lithuanian įbrėžti (“to scrape, scratch, carve, inscribe, strike”).

cog

They had shot at old Tom, the hare, too, but he is still alive; at least I pricked him yesterday morn across the path into the turnip field.

1871, Robert Smith Surtees, Jorrocks's jaunts and jollities, page 48:

(transitive) To pierce or puncture slightly.

(transitive, hunting) To shoot without killing.

To pierce or puncture slightly.
To shoot without killing.


hack

(falconry) A board which the falcon's food is placed on; used by extension for the state of partial freedom in which they are kept before being trained.


hack

en-verb

hack (third-person singular simple present hacks, present participle hacking, simple past and past participle hacked)

hacks (present singular third-person)
hacking (participle present)
hacked (participle past)
hacked (past)

(falconry) To keep (young hawks) in a state of partial freedom, before they are trained.


beat

→ Pennsylvania German: biede

From Middle English beten, from Old English bēatan (“to beat, pound, strike, lash, dash, thrust, hurt, injure”), from Proto-West Germanic *bautan, from Proto-Germanic *bautaną (“to push, strike”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewd- (“to hit, strike”).
Compare Old Irish fo·botha (“he threatened”), Latin confutō (“to strike down”), fūstis (“stick, club”), Albanian bahe (“sling”), Lithuanian baudžiù, Old Armenian բութ (butʻ)).

der

march to the beat of a different drummer

Bears coming out of holes in the rocks at the last moment, when the beat is close to them.

1911, Hedley Peek, Frederick George Aflalo, Encyclopaedia of Sport:

(hunting) The act of scouring, or ranging over, a tract of land to rouse or drive out game; also, those so engaged, collectively.

ajo

hunting: act of scouring, or ranging over


bed

en-verb

bed (third-person singular simple present beds, present participle bedding, simple past and past participle bedded)

beds (present singular third-person)
bedding (participle present)
bedded (participle past)
bedded (past)

African-American Vernacular, some speakers

Inherited from Middle English bed, bedde, from Old English bedd, from Proto-West Germanic *badi, from Proto-Germanic *badją (“resting-place, plot of ground”).
Cognates
Cognate with North Frisian baad, beed, Saterland Frisian Bääd, West Frisian bêd, Low German Bedd, Dutch bed, German Bett, Swedish bädd, Icelandic beður, all meaning “bed”.
further possible etymology and cognates
The Proto-Germanic term may in turn be from Proto-Indo-European *bʰedʰ- (“to dig”) with various theories explaining the development in meaning. If it is, the term is also cognate with Ancient Greek βοθυρος (bothuros, “pit”), Latin fossa (“ditch”), Latvian bedre (“hole”), Welsh bedd (“grave”), Breton bez (“grave”); and probably also Russian бодать (bodatʹ, “to butt, gore”).

cog

Senses relating to a bed as a place for resting or sleeping.

(intransitive, hunting) Of large game animals: to be at rest.


draw

en-verb

draw (third-person singular simple present draws, present participle drawing, simple past drew, past participle drawn or (colloquial and nonstandard) drew)

draws (present singular third-person)
drawing (participle present)
drew (past)
drawn (participle past)
drew (colloquial nonstandard participle past)
draw (infinitive)
draw (first-person present singular)
drew (first-person past singular)
draw (present second-person singular)
drawest (archaic present second-person singular)
drew (past second-person singular)
drewest (archaic past second-person singular)
draws (present singular third-person)
draweth (archaic present singular third-person)
drew (past singular third-person)
draw (plural present)
drew (past plural)
draw (present subjunctive)
drew (past subjunctive)
draw (imperative present)
drawing (participle present)
drawn (participle past)

The verb is derived from Middle English drauen, drawen, draȝen, dragen (“to drag, pull; to draw (out); to attract; to entice, lure; to lead; to make a drawing; to move, travel; etc.”), from Old English dragan (“to drag, draw”), from Proto-West Germanic *dragan (“to carry; to haul”), from Proto-Germanic *draganą (“to carry; to pull, draw”); further etymology uncertain, often said to be from Proto-Indo-European *dʰregʰ- (“to pull, draw”), but possibly from a non-Indo-European substrate root which is also the source of Latin trahō (“to pull, draw; etc.”). Doublet of drag and draught.
The noun is derived from Middle English drau, draue (“action of shooting with a bow”), from drauen, drawen (verb).
cognates
* Albanian dredh (“to turn, spin”)
* Danish drage
* Dutch dragen
* German tragen (“to carry”)
* Old Armenian դառնամ (daṙnam, “to turn”)
* Sanskrit ध्रजस् (dhrájas, “gliding course or motion”)
* West Frisian drage

vyluhovávat

of drinks: to leave temporarily so as to allow the flavour to increase

изтеглям

cardgames: to take the top card of a deck into hand

every miller draws water to his own mill

one hair of a woman can draw more than a hundred pair of oxen

Senses relating to extracting or selecting.

(transitive, hunting) To search (a covert, a wood, etc.) for game or a quarry.

(falconry) To remove (a hawk) from a mew after it has moulted.

(falconry) To remove a hawk from a mew after it has moulted.

On one of my expeditions, after a stormy night, at the end of March, the hounds drew all day without finding a fox.

1928, Siegfried Sassoon, Memoirs of a Fox-Hunting Man, Penguin, published 2013, page 87:

Senses relating to moving or travelling.

(hunting, now rare) To search for game; to track a quarry.


weather

en-verb

weather (third-person singular simple present weathers, present participle weathering, simple past and past participle weathered)

weathers (present singular third-person)
weathering (participle present)
weathered (participle past)
weathered (past)

From Middle English weder, wedir, from Old English weder, from Proto-West Germanic *wedr, from Proto-Germanic *wedrą, from Proto-Indo-European *wedʰrom (=*we-dʰrom), from *h₂weh₁- (“to blow”).
Cognates
Cognate with Saterland Frisian Weeder, West Frisian waar, Dutch weer, Low German Weder, German Wetter, Danish vejr, Swedish väder, Norwegian Bokmål vær, Norwegian Nynorsk vêr, Icelandic veður; also more distantly related to Russian вёдро (vjódro, “fair weather”) and perhaps Albanian vrëndë (“light rain”).
Other cognates include Sanskrit निर्वाण (nirvāṇa, “blown or put out, extinguished”).

cog

If your hawk is bad-weathered, that is, will not fit on your fist when the wind blows, but hales, and beats, and hangs by the jeſſes, ſhe has an ill habit of the worſt kind.

1773, James Campbell, A Treatise on modern faulconry:

(falconry) To place (a hawk) unhooded in the open air.


train

→ Irish: traein

→ Maltese: trejn

→ Scottish Gaelic: trèan

→ Welsh: trên

[t̠ɹ̠̊˔e̞ɪ̯n]

From Middle English trayne (“train”), from Old French train (“a delay, a drawing out”), from traïner (“to pull out, to draw”), from Vulgar Latin *traginō, from *tragō, from Latin trahō (“to pull, to draw”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *tregʰ- (“to pull, draw, drag”). The verb was derived from the noun in Middle English.
For the meaning to teach compare typologically Russian ната́скивать (natáskivatʹ) (akin to тащи́ть (taščítʹ)).

m+

ната́скивать

it ain't the whistle that pulls the train

it is not the whistle that pulls the train

it isn't the whistle that pulls the train

it's not the whistle that pulls the train

(obsolete, hunting) Something dragged or laid along the ground to form a trail of scent or food along which to lure an animal.


train

en-noun

train (countable and uncountable, plural trains)

From Middle English trayne (“treachery”), from Anglo-Norman traine, Middle French traïne, from traïr (“to betray”).

(countable, obsolete, falconry) A live bird, handicapped or disabled in some way, provided for a young hawk to kill as training or enticement.


find

en-verb

find (third-person singular simple present finds, present participle finding, simple past found or (dialectal) fand, past participle found or (archaic) founden)

finds (present singular third-person)
finding (participle present)
found (past)
fand (dialectal past)
found (participle past)
founden (archaic participle past)
find (infinitive)
find (first-person present singular)
found (first-person past singular)
fand (dialectal first-person past singular)
find (present second-person singular)
findest (archaic present second-person singular)
found (past second-person singular)
fand (dialectal past second-person singular)
foundest (archaic past second-person singular)
finds (present singular third-person)
findeth (archaic present singular third-person)
found (past singular third-person)
fand (dialectal past singular third-person)
find (plural present)
found (past plural)
fand (dialectal past plural)
find (present subjunctive)
found (past subjunctive)
fand (dialectal past subjunctive)
find (imperative present)
finding (participle present)
found (participle past)
founden (archaic participle past)

From Middle English finden, from Old English findan, from Proto-West Germanic *finþan, from Proto-Germanic *finþaną, a secondary verb from Proto-Indo-European *pent- (“to go, pass; path bridge”).
See also West Frisian fine, Low German finden, Dutch vinden, German finden, Danish finde, Norwegian Bokmål finne, Norwegian Nynorsk and Swedish finna; also English path, Old Irish étain (“I find”), áitt (“place”), Latin pōns (“bridge”), Ancient Greek πόντος (póntos, “sea”), Old Armenian հուն (hun, “ford”), Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬧𐬙𐬃 (paṇtā̊), Sanskrit पथ (pathá, “path”), Proto-Slavic *pǫtь.
For the meaning development compare Proto-Slavic *najьti > Russian найти́ (najtí), akin to Proto-Slavic *jьti > идти́ (idtí); Russian находи́ть (naxodítʹ), нахо́дка (naxódka), akin to ход (xod), ходи́ть (xodítʹ).

inh

even a blind pig can find an acorn once in a while

even a blind squirrel can find a nut once in a while

find one's ass with both hands and a flashlight

it is easy to find a stick to beat a dog

look as if one had lost a shilling and found sixpence

look as if one has lost a shilling and found sixpence

scratch a liberal and you'll find a fascist

that's for me to know and you to find out

They found at once, and there was a short sharp run, during which Linda and Tony, both in a somewhat showing-off mood, rode side by side over the stone walls.

1945, Nancy Mitford, The Pursuit of Love, Penguin, published 2010, page 57:

(intransitive, hunting) To discover game.


meet

From Middle English meten, from Old English mētan (“to meet, find, encounter”), from Proto-West Germanic *mōtijan (“to meet”), from Proto-Germanic *mōtijaną (“to meet”), from Proto-Indo-European *meh₂d- (“to come, meet”).
Cognates
Cognate with Scots met, mete, meit (“to meet”), North Frisian mete (“to meet”), West Frisian mette, moetsje (“to meet”), Dutch ontmoeten (“to meet”), Low German möten (“to meet”), Danish møde (“to meet”), Norwegian Bokmål møte (“to meet”), Swedish möta (“to meet”), Icelandic mæta (“to meet”). Related to moot.

der

(hunting) A gathering of riders, horses and hounds for foxhunting; a field meet for hunting.


rake

en-verb

rake (third-person singular simple present rakes, present participle raking, simple past and past participle raked)

rakes (present singular third-person)
raking (participle present)
raked (participle past)
raked (past)

The verb is derived from Middle English raken (“to go, proceed; to move quickly, hasten, rush; to roam, wander”) [and other forms], from Old English racian (“to go forward, move, run; to hasten; to take a course or direction; to control, direct, govern, rule”), from Proto-West Germanic *rakōn (“to take a course or direction; to run”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ- (“to straighten; to direct oneself”).
Cognates
The English word is cognate with Middle Dutch rāken (“to acquire; to hit (not miss); to reach; to touch”) (modern Dutch raken (“to hit (not miss); to touch; to become”)), Middle Low German rāken, rōken (“to hit (not miss); to reach; to touch”), Old High German rahhōn (“to narrate, speak”), and probably Swedish raka (“to rush off”).
The noun is derived from the verb.

cog

(intransitive, falconry) Of a bird of prey: to fly after a quarry; also, to fly away from the falconer, to go wide of the quarry being pursued.


ring

en-verb

ring (third-person singular simple present rings, present participle ringing, simple past and past participle ringed)

rings (present singular third-person)
ringing (participle present)
ringed (participle past)
ringed (past)

From Middle English ryng, from Old English hring (“ring, circle”), from Proto-West Germanic *hring, from Proto-Germanic *hringaz (“ring”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)krengʰ-, extended nasalized form of *(s)ker- (“to turn, bend”). Doublet of rank and rink, as well as indirectly range.
Cognates
* West Frisian ring
* Low German Ring
* Dutch ring
* German Ring
* Swedish ring
* Finnish rengas
More distantly cognate with Proto-Slavic *krǫgъ (whence Bulgarian кръг (krǎg), Polish krąg, Russian круг (krug)).

[…] how he rung upon the rein of a wimpling wing / In his ecstacy!

1877 May 30, Gerard Manley Hopkins, “The Windhover: To Christ Our Lord”, in Robert Bridges, editor, Poems of Gerard Manley Hopkins: Now First Published […], London: Humphrey Milford, published 1918, →OCLC, stanza 1, page 29:


set

set (third-person singular simple present sets, present participle setting, simple past set, past participle set or (dialectal) setten)

sets (present singular third-person)
setting (participle present)
set (past)
set (participle past)
setten (dialectal participle past)

desctree

→ Japanese: セット (setto)
→ Hokkien: siat-to͘h

From Middle English setten, from Old English settan, from Proto-West Germanic *sattjan, from Proto-Germanic *satjaną, from Proto-Indo-European *sodéyeti, causative of *sed- (“to sit”).

set a beggar on horseback and he'll ride to the Devil

The dog sets the bird.

Your dog sets well.

(hunting, ambitransitive) Of a dog, to indicate the position of game.


sparrowhawk

sparrowhawks (plural)
sparrow-hawk (alternative)
sparrow hawk (alternative)
sparhawk (alternative)
spar-hawk (alternative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-sparrowhawk.wav

From Middle English sparhauk, sperhauk, from Old English spearhafoc, spearhabuc (“sparrow-hawk”), from Proto-West Germanic *sparwahabuk, from Proto-Germanic *sparwahabukaz, equivalent to sparrow + hawk. Cognate with Danish spurvehøg (“sparrowhawk”), Swedish sparvhök (“sparrowhawk”), Icelandic sparrhaukur (“sparrowhawk”).

Eurasian sparrowhawk
Eurasian sparrowhawk

Accipiter nisus
Accipiter nisus#Translingual

A Eurasian sparrowhawk, Accipiter nisus, a small, short-winged European hawk that preys on smaller birds.

(falconry) A female such bird, a male being a musket.


falcon

falcons (plural)
faulcon (alternative obsolete)
faucon (alternative obsolete)

From Middle English faucoun, falcon, faulcon, from Old French falcun, from Late Latin falcō (“falcon”), of Germanic origin, probably via Frankish *falkō (“falcon, hawk”), from Proto-Germanic *falkô (“falcon”), from Proto-Indo-European *pol̑- (“pale”), from *pel- (“fallow”).
Cognates
Cognate with Old English *fealca, fealcen (“falcon”), Dutch valk (“falcon, hawk”), German Falke (“falcon, hawk”), Norwegian and Swedish falk (“falcon”), Icelandic fálki (“falcon”), French faucon (“falcon”), Italian falco (“falcon”), Spanish halcón (“falcon”), Portuguese falcão (“falcon”), Latin falco (“falcon”), Lithuanian pálšas (“pale”), Latvian bāls (“pale”), Latgalian buolgs (“pale”). More at fallow.

(falconry) A female such bird, a male being a tiercel.


whip

→ Irish: fuip

⇒ Jamaican Creole: wip

From Middle English whippen, wippen (“to flap violently”), from Middle Dutch wippen (“to swing, leap, dance, oscillate”) and Middle Low German wippen (“to move quickly”), from Proto-Germanic *wipjaną (“to move back and forth”). Some similarity to Sanskrit root वेप् (vep, “shake, flourish”), Latin vibrō (“I shake”). (See Swedish vippa and Danish vippe (“to shake”)).
The unetymological wh- is probably expressive of the sound of a whip; compare the same development in whisk and onomatopoeias such as whack and whoosh.
The political senses are from whipper-in (“huntsman who keeps the hounds from wandering”), 18th century hunting terminology.

der

At half-past ten, Tom Moody, Sir Huddlestone Fuddlestone's huntsman, was seen trotting up the avenue, followed by the noble pack of hounds in a compact body—the rear being brought up by the two whips clad in stained scarlet frocks—light hard-featured lads on well-bred lean horses, possessing marvellous dexterity in casting the points of their long heavy whips at the thinnest part of any dog's skin who dares to straggle from the main body […]

1847 January – 1848 July, William Makepeace Thackeray, Vanity Fair […], London: Bradbury and Evans […], published 1848, →OCLC:

From the far side of the wood came the long shrill screech […] which signifies that one of the whips has viewed the fox quitting the covert.

1928, Siegfried Sassoon, Memoirs of a Fox-Hunting Man, Penguin, published 2013, page 27:


lift

en-verb

lift (third-person singular simple present lifts, present participle lifting, simple past lifted or (rare, regional, obsolete) lift, past participle lifted or (rare, regional, obsolete) lift or (obsolete) yleft)

lifts (present singular third-person)
lifting (participle present)
lifted (past)
lift (obsolete past rare regional)
lifted (participle past)
lift (obsolete participle past rare regional)
yleft (obsolete participle past)

From Middle English liften, lyften, from Old Norse lypta (“to lift, air”, literally “to raise in the air”), from Proto-Germanic *luftijaną (“to raise in the air”), related to *luftuz (“roof, air”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *lewp- (“to peel, break off, damage”) or from a root meaning roof (see *luftuz). Cognate with Danish and Norwegian Bokmål løfte (“to lift”), Norwegian Nynorsk and Swedish lyfta (“to lift”), German lüften (“to air, lift”), Old English lyft (“air”). See above. 1851 for the noun sense "a mechanical device for vertical transport".
(To steal): For this sense Cleasby suggests perhaps a relation to the root of Gothic 𐌷𐌻𐌹𐍆𐍄𐌿𐍃 (hliftus) "thief", cognate with Latin cleptus and Greek κλέπτω (kléptō)).

der

I lifted the hounds (hoping to catch the leading ones there) to the far side of Hallaton Thorns.

1885, Lina Chaworth Musters, Book of Hunting Songs and Sport, page 144:

(hunting, transitive) To take (hounds) off the existing scent and move them to another spot.


passage

Borrowed into Middle English from Old French passage, from passer (“to pass”).

Passage red-tailed hawks are preferred by falconers because these younger birds have not yet developed the adult behaviors which would make them more difficult to train.

(falconry, attributive) Of a bird: Less than a year old but living on its own, having left the nest.


put up

en-verb

put up (third-person singular simple present puts up, present participle putting up, simple past and past participle put up)

puts up (present singular third-person)
putting up (participle present)
put up (participle past)
put up (past)

"By George! they'll have something to excite them if they put us up."

1912, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Lost World […], London; New York, N.Y.: Hodder and Stoughton, →OCLC:

(hunting, transitive) To cause (wild game) to break cover.


lune

And thenne was he ware of a Faucon came fleynge ouer his hede toward an hyghe elme / and longe lunys aboute her feet / and she flewe vnto the elme to take her perche / the lunys ouer cast aboute a bough / And whanne she wold haue taken her flyghte / she henge by the legges fast / and syre launcelot sawe how he henge

1485, Sir Thomas Malory, “xvj”, in Le Morte Darthur, book VI:


feather

feathers (plural)
fether (alternative archaic)

From Middle English feþer, from Old English feþer, from Proto-West Germanic *feþru, from Proto-Germanic *feþrō, from Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ (“feather, wing”), from *peth₂- (“to fly”).
See also West Frisian fear, German Low German Fedder, Dutch veder, veer, German Feder, Yiddish פֿעדער (feder), Danish fjer, Swedish fjäder, Icelandic fjöður, Faroese fjøður, Norwegian Bokmål fjær, fjør, Norwegian Nynorsk fjør. Also Ancient Greek πέτομαι (pétomai), Albanian shpend (“bird”), Latin penna, Old Armenian թիռ (tʻiṙ).
The sense correlated with splines and keys (sense 4) probably reflects analogy with the fletching sense (sense 3).

inh

(hunting, in the plural) Partridges and pheasants, as opposed to rabbits and hares (called fur).


prune

en-verb

prune (third-person singular simple present prunes, present participle pruning, simple past and past participle pruned)

prunes (present singular third-person)
pruning (participle present)
pruned (participle past)
pruned (past)
proin (alternative obsolete)

Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch
Friedrich Diez
prune

From Middle English prunen, prounen, proinen, from Old French proignier (“to trim the feathers with the beak”), earlier prooignier. Likely influenced by Middle French rogner, Old French rooignier (“cut, trim”) (from Latin rotundo?), and possibly by Old French provainier (“provine”) (Latin propaginem? whence French provigner). The relation to the noun is thus unclear.

der

(obsolete, falconry) to trim the feathers with the beak


clap

From Middle English clappen, from Old English clæppan, from Proto-Germanic *klappōną. Cognate with Dutch klappen, Icelandic klappa, Faroese klappa and Danish klappe.

(falconry) The nether part of the beak of a hawk.


check

→ Ukrainian: че́кати (čékaty)

From Middle English chek, chekke, borrowed from Old French eschek, eschec, eschac, from Medieval Latin scaccus, borrowed from Arabic شَاه (šāh, “king or check at chess, shah”), borrowed from Classical Persian شَاه (šāh, “king”), from Middle Persian 𐭬𐭫𐭪𐭠 (mlkʾ /šāh/), from Old Persian 𐏋 (XŠ /xšāyaθiya/, “king”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kšáyati (“he rules, he has power over”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *tek- (“to gain power over, gain control over”). All of the English senses developed from the chess sense. Compare Saterland Frisian Schak, Schach, Dutch schaak, German Schach, Danish skak, Swedish schack, Icelandic skák, French échec, Italian scacco. See chess and shah (“king of Persia or Iran”), from the same source, as well as thig, which derives from the Germanic cognate.

(falconry) The forsaking by a hawk of its proper game to follow other birds. [from 15th c.]

chek

falconry: forsaking by a hawk of its proper game


check

en-verb

check (third-person singular simple present checks, present participle checking, simple past and past participle checked)

checks (present singular third-person)
checking (participle present)
checked (participle past)
checked (past)

→ Brazilian Portuguese: checar

→ Cantonese: check

→ Dutch: checken

→ Finnish: tsekata

→ German: checken

→ Gulf Arabic: چيك (čayyak)

→ Hijazi Arabic: شَيَّك (šayyak)

→ Hungarian: csekkol

→ Russian: че́кать (čékatʹ)

→ Russian: че́кнуть (čéknutʹ)

→ Russian: проче́кать (pročékatʹ)

→ Spanish: chequear, checar (Mexico)

From Middle English chekken, partly from Old French eschequier and partly from the noun (see above).

check yourself before you wreck yourself

And like the haggard, check at every feather
 That comes before his eye.

c. 1601–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Twelfe Night, or What You Will”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i]:

(falconry) To turn, when in pursuit of proper game, and fly after other birds.


ruse

en-noun

ruse (countable and uncountable, plural ruses)

From Middle English rūse (“evasive movements of a pursued animal; circuitous course taken by a hunter to pursue a game animal”), from Old French rëuse, ruse (“evasive movements of a pursued animal; trickery”) (modern French ruse (“trick, ruse; cunning, guile”)), from ruser (“to use cunning, to be crafty, beguile”), possibly from Latin rursus (“backward; on the contrary; again, in return”) or Latin recūsāre, from recūsō (“to decline, refuse; to object to, protest, reject”). Doublet of recuse and rouse in the latter case.
The verb is derived from the noun. Compare Middle French ruser (“to use cunning, to be crafty, beguile”); see further above.

cog

The boar was evidently most averse to leave the field in which he had spent so may pleasant hours of uninterrupted rest; […] He turned sharply to one flank; he stopped dead, and went away in the opposite direction as he heard the hunters gallop past; every ruse he tried, but tried in vain.

1867, J. T. Newall, chapter XVII, in Hog Hunting in the East, and Other Sports, London: Tinsley Brothers, […], →OCLC, pages 367–368:

(countable, often hunting, archaic, rare) A turning or doubling back, especially of animals to get out of the way of hunting dogs.


ruse

en-verb

ruse (third-person singular simple present ruses, present participle rusing, simple past and past participle rused)

ruses (present singular third-person)
rusing (participle present)
rused (participle past)
rused (past)

And he [the hart] fleeth then mightily and far from the hounds, that is to say he hath gone a great way from them, then he will go into the stank, and will soil therein once or twice in all the stank and then he will come out again by the same way that he went in, and then he shall ruse again the same way that he came (the length of) a bow shot or more, and then he shall ruse out of the way, for to stall or squatt to rest him, and that he doeth for he knoweth well that the hounds shall come by the fues [footing] into the stank where he was.

c. 1425, Edward, Second Duke of York [i.e., Edward of Norwich, 2nd Duke of York], “Of the Hart and His Nature”, in W[illia]m A[dolf] Baillie-Grohman, F[lorence] Baillie-Grohman, editors, The Master of Game by Edward, Second Duke of York: The Oldest English Book on Hunting, London: Chatto & Windus, published 1909, →OCLC, page 33:

With these whelps [the hunting dogs] who know the way but are in danger of being baffled by the rusing stag, the hunter sends the reliable old harre (perseverance). He is indispensable, as he has often confronted the stag at bay.

1974, Marcelle Thiébaux, “Medieval Allegories of the Love Chase”, in The Stag of Love: The Chase in Medieval Literature, Ithaca, N.Y., London: Cornell University Press, published 2014, →ISBN, page 190:

In the parallel hunt of Octovian, the hart has rused and momentarily escaped. With the death of White, the Knight's heart is wounded and his life is endangered but he escapes for a time as does the hart, though the hunter Death will ultimately be successful in both cases.

1988, “Hunt”, in Jean-Charles Seigneuret, editor, Dictionary of Literary Themes and Motifs, volumes 1 (A–J), Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, →ISBN, page 642:

Sometimes the stag would throw the hounds off the scent by a series of clever ruses—for example, by retracing a part of his path and leaping dramatically in one direction. […] Ultimately, the stag would tire, and its signals of exhaustion (short rusing runs, downwind flight, and the narrowing of the toe prints) would be evident to the trackers.

1991, Thomas S. Henricks, “Sport in the Later Middle Ages”, in Disputed Pleasures: Sport and Society in Preindustrial England (Contributions to the Study of World History; no. 28), Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 46:

(intransitive, hunting, archaic, rare) Of an animal: to turn or double back to elude hunters or their hunting dogs.


carry

carry (third-person singular simple present carries, present participle carrying, simple past and past participle carried)

carries (present singular third-person)
carrying (participle present)
carried (participle past)
carried (past)

borrow

the equivalent reverse procedure in the inverse operation of subtraction

→ Cantonese: carry

From Middle English carien, from Anglo-Norman carier (modern French charrier); from a derivative of Latin carrus (“four-wheeled baggage wagon”), ultimately of Gaulish origin.

tīhei

on the back but held in place with hands

mackerel sky and mare's-tails make lofty ships carry low sails

mackerel sky and mare's-tails make tall ships carry low sails

one can't carry two watermelons under one arm

The frost[…]caused the fallows and seeds to ‘carry’ a good deal, and they could only hunt very slowly.

(hunting) To have earth or frost stick to the feet when running, as a hare.


slip

en-verb

slip (third-person singular simple present slips, present participle slipping, simple past and past participle slipped or (obsolete) slipt)

slips (present singular third-person)
slipping (participle present)
slipped (participle past)
slipped (past)
slipt (obsolete participle past)
slipt (obsolete past)

From Middle English slippen, probably from Middle Low German slippen, from Old Saxon *slippian, from Proto-West Germanic *slippjan, from Proto-Germanic *slipjaną (“to glide”), an iterative form of *slīpaną (“to slip, slide”), from Proto-Indo-European *sleyb- (“slimy; to slide”). Possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *slewbʰ- (“slip, slide”), or related to Proto-Germanic *slībaną (“to split”); related to Old English slipor (“slippery”).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian slipje (“to slip”), Dutch slippen (“to slip”), German Low German slippen, slupen (“to slip”), German schlüpfen (“to slip”).

der

Lucento slipped me like his greyhound.

c. 1590–1592 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Taming of the Shrew”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene ii]:

'Well, it was one morning early in the spring,' said Lars, 'that I started for Linderudsœter, where I slipped Rap, and he was soon in full cry and made the hillside ring.'

1881, P. Chr. Asbjörnsen [i.e., Peter Christen Asbjørnsen], translated by H. L. Brækstad, Round the Yule Log. Norwegian Folk and Fairy Tales, London: Sampson Low, Marston, Searle, & Rivington, →OCLC, page 78:

(transitive, hunting, falconry) To release (a dog, a bird of prey, etc.) to go after a quarry.


timber

en-verb

timber (third-person singular simple present timbers, present participle timbering, simple past and past participle timbered)

timbers (present singular third-person)
timbering (participle present)
timbered (participle past)
timbered (past)

From Middle English tymber, from Old English timber, from Proto-West Germanic *timr, from Proto-Germanic *timrą, from Proto-Indo-European *dem- (“build, house”) (see Proto-Indo-European *dṓm).
Cognates include Dutch timmer, Old High German zimbar (German Zimmer), Norwegian tømmer, Old Norse timbr, Gothic 𐍄𐌹𐌼𐍂𐌾𐌰𐌽 (timrjan, “to build”), Latin domus and Ancient Greek δόμος (dómos).

der

(falconry, intransitive) To light or land on a tree.


pattern

en-verb

pattern (third-person singular simple present patterns, present participle patterning, simple past and past participle patterned)

patterns (present singular third-person)
patterning (participle present)
patterned (participle past)
patterned (past)

From earlier patten, paterne, from Middle English patron (“patron; example”), from Old French patron, from Medieval Latin patrōnus (“patron”). Doublet of padrone, patron, Patronus, and patroon.

doublet

(hunting, transitive) To observe an animal closely over time in order to discern its habitual movements and behaviours.


imp

en-verb

imp (third-person singular simple present imps, present participle imping, simple past and past participle imped)

imps (present singular third-person)
imping (participle present)
imped (participle past)
imped (past)

From Middle English impen, ympen (“to plant; (figuratively) to bury; to graft; to add to, insert, put into, set in; to mend (a falcon’s feather) by attaching a new feather on to the broken stump”), from Old English impian, ġeimpian (“to graft”), from Proto-West Germanic *impōn (“to graft”), from Vulgar Latin *imputō (“to graft”), from Ancient Greek ἔμφῠτος (émphŭtos, “implanted; planted”), from ἐμφῠ́ω (emphŭ́ō, “to implant”, from ἐν- (en-, prefix meaning ‘in’) + φῠ́ω (phŭ́ō, “to bring forth, produce; to grow”, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to appear; to become; to grow”))) + -τος (-tos).

af

ultimately from Proto-Indo-European <i class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro">*bʰuH-</i> (“to appear; to become; to grow”)

I have known feathers so imped that the eye could not discern the place of juncture, and it was difficult even to discover it by passing the thumb-nail down the shaft of the imped feather.

1900, E[dward] B[lair] Michell, “Accidents and Maladies”, in The Art and Practice of Hawking, London: Methuen & Co. […], →OCLC, page 229:

Bird rehabilitators borrow a trick from falconry with the age-old process of imping flight feathers on to a damaged bird.

2004, Roseann Tomko, Illinois Audubon, Wayne, Ill.: Illinois Audubon Society, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 19, column 1:

[page 246, column 1] Feather damage is a serious problem for any bird. […] Repairing or imping broken feathers is a very good option in these cases and may save months or even a year in captivity. […] [page 250, column 1] Note that a feather can usually only be imped once since it is very difficult or impossible to remove and then replace an imping needle from within a feather shaft after it has been glued in place.

2016, David E. Scott, “Feathers and Aging”, in Raptor Medicine, Surgery and Rehabilitation, 2nd edition, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, Boston, Mass.: CABI, →ISBN, pages 246 and 250:

(falconry, veterinary medicine) To engraft (a feather) on to a broken feather in a bird's wing or tail to repair it; to engraft (feathers) on to a bird, or a bird's wing or tail.


stale

From Middle English stale (“bird used as a decoy”), probably from uncommon Anglo-Norman estale (“pigeon used to lure hawks”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic, probably *standaną (“to stand”). Compare Old English stælhran (“decoy reindeer”) and Northumbrian stællo (“catching fish”).

der

Like vnto the fowlers, that by their stales draw other birdes into their nets.

1579, Thomas North, “Sylla”, in Lives of the Noble Grecians and Romans, section 515:

A wife thats more then faire is like a stale, Or chanting whistle which brings birds to thrall.

1608, Ludovico Ariosto, translated by R. Tofte, Satyres, IV 56:

(falconry, hunting, obsolete) A live bird to lure birds of prey or others of its kind into a trap.

'Tis the living bird that makes the best stale to draw others into the net.

1681, J. Flavell, Method of Grace, XXXV 588:

If my live birds aren't all drownded and my stales spoiled.

1888, G. M. Fenn, Dick o' the Fens, section 53:

(hunting, obsolete) Any decoy, either stuffed or manufactured.


pointer

From point + -er (agent noun suffix) or + -er (measurement suffix) (sense 10).

күрһәткес

anything that points or is used for pointing

Most of the early wirehaired pointers represented a combination of Griffon, Stichelhaar, Pudelpointer, and German Shorthair. The Pudelpointer was a cross between a Poodle dog and an English Pointer bitch; the Griffon and the Stichelhaar were composed of Pointer, Foxhound, Pudelpointer, and a Polish water dog.

2007, American Kennel Club, The Complete Dog Book, Ballantine Books, →ISBN, page 30:

Anything that points or is used for pointing.

(hunting) A breed of hunting dog, trained to point out game.


wait on

en-verb

wait on (third-person singular simple present waits on, present participle waiting on, simple past and past participle waited on)

waits on (present singular third-person)
waiting on (participle present)
waited on (participle past)
waited on (past)
wait upon (alternative)

(falconry, of a hawk) To fly above its master, waiting till game is sprung.


block

→ Dutch: block

→ German: Block

→ Irish: bloc

→ Manx: block

→ Maori: poraka

→ Norwegian: blokk

→ Polish: blok

desctree

→ Russian: блок (blok)
→ Armenian: բլոկ (blok)
→ Yakut: блок (blok)

→ Spanish: block

→ Vietnamese: lốc

From Middle English blok (“log, stump, solid piece”), from Old French bloc (“log, block”), from Middle Dutch blok (“treetrunk”), from Old Dutch *blok (“log”), from Proto-West Germanic *blokk, from Proto-Germanic *blukką (“beam, log”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵ- (“thick plank, beam, pile, prop”). Cognate with Old Frisian blok, Old Saxon blok, Old High German bloh, bloc (“block”), Old English bolca (“gangway of a ship, plank”), Old Norse bǫlkr (“divider, partition”). More at balk. See also bloc, bulk.

طَابُوقَة

substantial often approximately cuboid piece

թաղամաս

group of buildings demarcated by streets

A substantial, often approximately cuboid, piece of any substance.

(falconry) The perch on which a bird of prey is kept.

orsi

falconry: perch on which a bird of prey is kept


wardrobe

From Middle English warderobe, from Old Northern French warderoube, wardereube, northern variants of Old French garderobe, from garder (“to keep safe”) + robe. Subsequently influenced by various senses of garderobe as they developed in French. Doublet of garderobe.

(hunting, obsolete) Badger feces, particularly used in tracking game.


sue

en-verb

sue (third-person singular simple present sues, present participle suing, simple past and past participle sued)

sues (present singular third-person)
suing (participle present)
sued (participle past)
sued (past)

From Middle English seuen, sewen, siwen, borrowed from Anglo-Norman suer, siwer et al. and Old French sivre (“to follow after”) (modern French suivre), from Vulgar Latin *sequere (“to follow”), from Latin sequi. Cognate with Italian seguire and Spanish seguir. Doublet of segue. Related to suit.

(transitive, falconry, of a hawk) To clean (the beak, etc.).


fur

en-noun

fur (countable and uncountable, plural furs)

From Middle English furre, forre, from Anglo-Norman forre, fuerre (“a case; sheath”), from Frankish *fōdar, from Proto-West Germanic *fōdr, from Proto-Germanic *fōdrą (“sheath”) (compare Old English fōdor (“sheaf”), Dutch voering (“lining”), German Futter (“lining”), Gothic 𐍆𐍉𐌳𐍂 (fōdr, “sheath”)), from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂-, *poh₂- (“to protect”) (compare Lithuanian piemuō (“protection”), Ancient Greek πῶυ (pôu, “flock”), πῶμα (pôma, “lid”), ποιμήν (poimḗn, “shepherd”), Old Armenian հաւրան (hawran, “herd, flock”), Northern Kurdish pawan (“to watch over”), Sanskrit पाति (pāti, “he watches, protects”).
The verb is from Middle English furren, from Anglo-Norman furrer, forrer, fourrer (“to line, stuff, fill”), from the noun.

cog

(hunting, uncountable) Rabbits and hares, as opposed to partridges and pheasants (called feathers).


foil

[…]but after giving her a dodge, here's another b— follows me upon the foil.

1749, Henry Fielding, chapter IV, in The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC, book VII:


rebate

en-verb

rebate (third-person singular simple present rebates, present participle rebating, simple past and past participle rebated)

rebates (present singular third-person)
rebating (participle present)
rebated (participle past)
rebated (past)
rabate (alternative archaic)

From Old French rabatre < batre. See also abate.

The ſecunde is rebate youre hawke: to yowre fyſt, ⁊ thatt is whan yowre hawke batith, the leeſt meuyng that ye can make with yowre fyſt ſhe will rebate ayen vppon yowre fyſt[.]

1486, Juliana Berners, Book of Saint Albans:

(intransitive, falconry) Of a falcon: to return to the hand after bating; see bate².


flapper

Small fish, and frog and fish spawn are also eaten, and the ducklings feed upon many species of animalculæ, flies, pollywogs and worms, etc., disturbed by heavy rains which wash the banks, while the young ducks are passing to the "flapper" stage.

1904, F. Henry Yorke, "Our American Game Birds: Their Life History and Mode of Hunting Them," Field and Stream, Vol. 9, no. 3 (July 1904), pp. 255—56

(hunting) A young game bird just able to fly, particularly a wild duck.


musket

First attested around 1210 as a surname, and later in the 1400s as a word for the sparrowhawk (Middle English forms: musket, muskett, muskete (“sparrow hawk”)), from Middle French mousquet, from Old Italian moschetto (a diminutive of mosca (“fly”), from Latin musca) used to refer initially to a sparrowhawk (given its small size or speckled appearance) and then a crossbow arrow. The name was subsequently adopted for a heavier, shoulder-fired version of an arquebus, adhering to a pattern of naming firearms and cannons after birds of prey and similar creatures (compare falcon, falconet), a sense which was also borrowed into French and then (around 1580) into English. Cognate to Spanish mosquete, Portuguese mosquete. Smoothbore firearms continued to be called muskets even as they switched from using matchlocks to flintlocks to percussion locks, but with the advent of rifled muskets, the word was finally displaced by rifle.

(falconry) A male Eurasian sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus).


passenger

/ˈpæsɪnd͡ʒɚ/

/ˈpæsənd͡ʒɚ/

/ˈpæsɪnd͡ʒə/

/ˈpæsənd͡ʒə/

From Old French passagier with intrusive n (see etymology of messenger).

(falconry) A young hunting bird that can fly and is taken while it is still in its first year.


bate

bate (third-person singular simple present bates, present participle bating, simple past and past participle bated)

bates (present singular third-person)
bating (participle present)
bated (participle past)
bated (past)

* Noun: From the verb, or directly from the noun debate.
* Verb: From Middle English bate (“contention”), from Old French batre (French battre), from Latin battere.

The fiꝛſt is holde faſt at all timys, and ſpecially whan ſhe batith. It is calde batyng, for ſhe batith with hiꝛ ſelfe moſt oftyn cauſeles[.]

I am like a hawk , that bates , when I see occasion of service , but cannot fly because I am tied to another's fist

1600, Francis Bacon, letter to Queen Elizabeth, upon the sending of a new-year's gift:

(intransitive, falconry) Of a falcon: To flap the wings vigorously; to bait.

räpytellä

in falconry of a falcon: to flap the wings vigorously


mew

From Middle English mewe, mue, mwe, from Anglo-Norman mue, muwe, and Middle French mue (“shedding feathers; cage for moulting birds; prison”), from muer (“to moult”).

der

A horse in a stable that never travels, a hawk in a mew that seldom flies, are both subject to diseases; which, left unto themselves, are most free from any such encumbrances.

1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC:

(falconry) A cage for hawks, especially while moulting.

(falconry, in the plural) A building or set of buildings where moulting birds are kept.


mews

From Mewes, the name of the royal stables at Charing Cross, which is the plural of mew (“moulting (of falcons), falcon cage”).

(falconry) A place where birds of prey are housed.


ruff

en-verb

ruff (third-person singular simple present ruffs, present participle ruffing, simple past and past participle ruffed)

ruffs (present singular third-person)
ruffing (participle present)
ruffed (participle past)
ruffed (past)

Clipping of ruffle, or possibly from rough.

Instantly the keen-eyed hawk "stooped," or descended, with a rushing swoop, and struck one of the birds with her claws, but without killing it, which is called "rifling," or "ruffing" it.

1888, Good Words, volume 29, London: Alexander Strahan and Co., →OCLC, page 616:

(transitive, falconry) Of a falcon, hawk, etc.: to hit (the prey) without fixing or grabbing hold of it.


cadge

Possibly a corruption of cage, from Old French.

(falconry) A circular frame on which cadgers carry hawks for sale.


gleam

gleam (third-person singular simple present gleams, present participle gleaming, simple past and past participle gleamed)

gleams (present singular third-person)
gleaming (participle present)
gleamed (participle past)
gleamed (past)

A variant of Middle English gleimen, gleym (“to smear; to make slimy or sticky; to fill up (the stomach); to nauseate; of a slimy or viscous substance: to be stuck together; (figuratively) to captivate, ensnare; to infect with heresy”) [and other forms], probably a blend of glet (“slimy or viscous matter produced by animals; mucus, phlegm; congestion of mucus or phlegm in the body; viscosity”), gleu (“substance used to stick things together, glue; viscous medicine made from plants”), etc. + Old Norse kleima (“to daub, smear”) (whence Old English clǣman (“to smear”)) (ultimately from Proto-Germanic *klaimijaną (“to smear with clay, to mortar”), from *klaimaz (“clay; mortar”), from Proto-Indo-European *gleh₁y- (“to glue, stick; to smear”)).

der

Gleam, a term uſed after a hawk hath caſt and gleameth, or throweth up filth from her gorge.

1800, “Gleam”, in The Sportsman’s Dictionary; or, The Gentleman’s Companion: For Town and Country. […], 4th edition, London: […] G. G. and J. Robinson, […]; by R. Noble, […], →OCLC, column 1:

(intransitive, falconry, obsolete) Of a hawk or other bird of prey: to disgorge filth from its crop or gorge.


pelt

The noun is inherited from Middle English pelt (“skin of a sheep, especially without the wool”); further etymology uncertain, possibly:
* from Middle English pellet (“skin of an animal, especially a sheep”), from Anglo-Norman pelette, pellet, and Old French pelete, pelette (“thin layer, film, skin; epidermis; foreskin”), from pel (“skin; garment made of animal skin, pelisse”) (from Latin pellis (“animal skin, hide, pelt; leather; garment made of animal skin”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“to cover; to wrap; hide; skin; cloth”)) + -ete (diminutive suffix); or
* from Late Latin peletta, pelleta, pelletta (“skin of an animal, especially a sheep”).
The verb is derived from the noun.
Cognates
* Norwegian Bokmål pels (“fur; fur coat”)
* Norwegian Nynorsk pels (“fur; fur coat”)

cog

If two [hawks] are flown they are certain to fell the game at once, and the falconer is always flurried by their violent propensity to crab over the "pelt."

1852, Richard F[rancis] Burton, “A Day with the Bashah”, in Falconry in the Valley of the Indus, London: John Van Voorst, […], →OCLC, page 60:

(falconry) The body of any quarry killed by a hawk; also, a dead bird given to a hawk for food.


slice

From Middle English sclise, sklise, from Old French esclice, esclis (“a piece split off”), deverbal of esclicer, esclicier (“to splinter, split up”), from Frankish *slitjan (“to split up”), from Proto-Germanic *slitjaną, from Proto-Germanic *slītaną (“to split, tear apart”), from Proto-Indo-European *sleyd- (“to rend, injure, crumble”). Akin to Old High German sliz, gisliz (“a tear, rip”), Old High German slīzan (“to tear”), Old English slītan (“to split up”), modern French éclisse. More at slite, slit.

der

(falconry) A hawk's or falcon's dropping which squirts at an angle other than vertical. (See mute.)


bush

From Middle English bush, from Old English busċ, *bysċ (“copse, grove, scrub”, in placenames), from Proto-West Germanic *busk, from Proto-Germanic *buskaz (“bush, thicket”), probably from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to grow”). Doublet of bosque.
Cognate with West Frisian bosk (“forest”), Dutch bos (“forest”), German Busch (“bush”), Danish and Norwegian busk (“bush, shrub”), Swedish buske (“bush, shrub”), Persian بیشه (bêša/biše, “woods”). Latin and Romance forms (Latin boscus, Occitan bòsc, French bois, bûche and buisson, Italian bosco and boscaglia, Spanish bosque, Portuguese bosque) derive from the Germanic.

inh

a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush


pinch

en-verb

pinch (third-person singular simple present pinches, present participle pinching, simple past and past participle pinched)

pinches (present singular third-person)
pinching (participle present)
pinched (participle past)
pinched (past)

From Middle English pinchen, from Old Northern French *pinchier (compare Old French pincier, pincer (“to pinch”)), a word of uncertain origin, possibly from Vulgar Latin *pinciāre (“to puncture, pinch”), from a merger of *punctiāre (“to puncture, sting”), from Latin punctiō (“a puncture, prick”) and *piccāre (“to strike, sting”), from Frankish *pikkōn, from Proto-Germanic *pikkōną (“to pick, peck, prick”). More at point, pick and pitch.

der

(hunting) To take hold; to grip, as a dog does.


challenge

→ French: challenge (orthographic)

→ Japanese: チャレンジ (charenji)

→ Russian: че́ллендж (čéllendž)

/ˈt͡ʃæl.ɪnd͡ʒ/

/ˈt͡ʃæl.ənd͡ʒ/

From Middle English chalenge, variant with palatalization of Middle English kalange (“an accusation, claim”), from Old French chalenge, chalonge, palatalized Central French variants of Old Northern French calenge, calonge (see Continental Norman calengier), from Latin calumnia (“a false accusation, calumny”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱeh₁l-, *keh₁l- (“to beguile, deceive”). Cognate with Old English hōl (“calumny”). Doublet of calumny.

der

(hunting) The opening and crying of hounds upon first finding the scent of their game.


entry

en-noun

entry (countable and uncountable, plural entries)

exit

antonym(s) of “doorway that provides a means of entering a building”

Inherited from Middle English entre, from Old French entree (feminine past participle of the verb entrer, Modern French entrée). From Latin intrō. Doublet of entrada and entrée.

Here was an excellent entry of hounds which would have fulfilled the late Earl Bathurst's dictum that breeders should always breed from hounds rather larger than those which they expect to put on.

1956, Baily's Hunting Directory, page 311:

en:introduction of new hounds into a pack

(hunting) The introduction of new hounds into a pack.


hood

From Middle English hood, hod, from Old English hōd, from Proto-Germanic *hōdaz (cognate with Saterland Frisian Houd, West Frisian/Dutch hoed, German Low German Hood, German Hut). Cognate with Proto-Iranian *xawdaH (“hat”) (compare Avestan 𐬑𐬂𐬛𐬀 (xåda), Old Persian 𐎧𐎢𐎭 (x-u-d /xaudā/)), from Proto-Indo-European *kadʰ- (“to cover”). More at hat.

kapuç

covering for the head attached to a larger garment such as a jacket or cloak

A covering for the head, usually attached to a larger garment such as a jacket or cloak.

(falconry) A head covering placed on falcons to inhibit their vision.


fault

From Middle English faute, faulte, from Anglo-Norman faute, Old French faute, from Vulgar Latin *fallita (“shortcoming”), feminine of *fallitus, in place of Latin falsus, perfect passive participle of fallō (“deceive”). Displaced native Middle English schuld, schuild (“fault”) (from Old English scyld (“fault”)), Middle English lac (“fault, lack”) (from Middle Dutch lak (“lack, fault”)), Middle English last (“fault, vice”) (from Old Norse lǫstr (“fault, vice, crime”)). Compare French faute (“fault, foul”), Portuguese falta (“lack, shortage”) and Spanish falta (“lack, absence”). More at fail, false.

cog

Ceasing their clamorous cry till they have singled, / With much ado, the cold fault clearly out.

1593, [William Shakespeare], Venus and Adonis, London: […] Richard Field, […], →OCLC:

A point at which something is divided, interrupted, or disconnected.

(hunting) A loss of the scent being tracked by a hound.


upright

uprights (plural)
vpright (alternative obsolete)

From Middle English upright, uppryght, upriht, from Old English upriht (“upright; erect”), from Proto-Germanic *upprehtaz, equivalent to up- + right. Cognate with Saterland Frisian apgjucht (“upright”), West Frisian oprjocht (“upright”), Dutch oprecht (“upright”), German Low German uprecht (“upright”), German aufrecht (“upright”), Swedish upprätt (“upright”), Icelandic uppréttur (“upright”).

muntant

any vertical part of a structure, especially one of the goal posts in sports

(obsolete, hunting, dialect, British) The tips of the antlers of a young deer.


career

Mid 16th century, from French carrière (“road; racecourse”), from Italian carriera, from Old Occitan carreira, from Late Latin carrāria based on Latin carrus (“wheeled vehicle”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥sós, from *ḱers- (“to run”); alternatively, from Middle French carriere, from Old Occitan.


cope

en-verb

cope (third-person singular simple present copes, present participle coping, simple past and past participle coped)

copes (present singular third-person)
coping (participle present)
coped (participle past)
coped (past)
cope (infinitive)
cope (first-person present singular)
coped (first-person past singular)
cope (present second-person singular)
copest (archaic present second-person singular)
coped (past second-person singular)
copedst (archaic past second-person singular)
copes (present singular third-person)
copeth (archaic present singular third-person)
coped (past singular third-person)
cope (plural present)
coped (past plural)
cope (present subjunctive)
coped (past subjunctive)
cope (imperative present)
coping (participle present)
coped (participle past)

Etymology tree
Old French couperder.
English cope
From Middle English coupen, from Old French couper (“to strike, to cut”).

etymon

the beak and talons should be closely coped

1856, John Henry Walsh, Manual of British Rural Sports:

(falconry) To clip the beak or talons of a bird.


on foot

From Middle English on fote, from Old English on fōte (“on foot”), equivalent to on + foot.

(now rare, chiefly hunting) On the move; astir.

مَاشِيًا

walking, jogging, running — see also afoot


wastage

en-noun

wastage (countable and uncountable, plural wastages)

(hunting, countable) The act of abandoning animal carcasses or parts, usually illegal.


staunch

en-adj

staunch (comparative stauncher, superlative staunchest)

stauncher (comparative)
staunchest (superlative)
stanch (alternative)

From Middle English staunch, staunche (“(adjective) in good condition or repair; solidly made, firm; watertight; of a person or wound: not bleeding; certain; intact; (adverb) firmly, soundly”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman estaunche, Old French estanche (“firm; watertight”) (modern French étanche (“airtight; watertight”)), a variant of estanc (“a pond”), from estanchier (“to stop the flow of a liquid (blood, water, etc.); to make (something) watertight; to quench (thirst)”) (modern French étancher), possibly from one of the following:
* From Vulgar Latin *stagnicāre, from Latin stāgnum (“piece of standing water, pond; fen, swamp”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂g- (“to drip; to seep”).
* From Vulgar Latin *stānticāre, from *stānticus (“tired”), from Latin stāns, stāntis (“standing; remaining, staying”). Stāns is the present active participle of stō (“to stand; to remain, stay”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand (up)”).
Cognates
* Italian stanco (“bored; tired”)
* Portuguese estanque (“watertight”)
* Romansch staunza (“a room”)
* Spanish estanco (“closed, sealed; airtight; watertight”)

верен

dependable, loyal, reliable, trustworthy — see also dependable, loyal, reliable, trustworthy

[T]he horſemen & huntſmen ſhould blemiſh at ſuch places as they ſee the Hart enter into a thicket or couert to the end that if the hounds fall to change, they may return to thoſe blemiſhes, and put their hounds to the right ſlot and view, vntill they haue rowzed or found him againe with their bloudhound, or with ſome other ſtanch old hound of the kennell, in the which they may aſſie themſelues. For old ſtaunch houndes which will not hunt change, when they ſee an Hart rowzed & before them, they neuer call on, nor once open: but if they be young raſh houndes, they will runne with full cry & ſo take change.

1575, Jacques du Fouilloux, “Certaine Observations and Subtleties to be Used by Huntsmen in Hunting an Hart at Force”, in George Gascoigne, transl., The Noble Art of Venerie or Hunting. […], London: […] Thomas Purfoot, published 1611, →OCLC, page 112:

For, scarce a spear's length from his haunch, / Vindictive toiled the blood-hounds staunch; […]

1810, Walter Scott, “Canto I. The Chase.”, in The Lady of the Lake; […], Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for John Ballantyne and Co.; London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, and Orme, and William Miller, →OCLC, stanza VII, page 10:

Beatte especially, was as staunch as a veteran hound.

1835, [Washington Irving], “A Hunt for a Lost Comrade”, in A Tour on the Prairies (The Crayon Miscellany; no. 1), Philadelphia, Pa.: [Henry Charles] Carey, [Isaac] Lea, & Blanchard, →OCLC, page 237:

Dependable, loyal, reliable, trustworthy.

(chiefly hunting) Of a hunting dog: that can be depended on to pick up the scent of, or to mark, game.


lure

lore (some speakers with the pour–poor merger)

From Anglo-Norman lure, from Old French loirre (Modern French leurre), from Frankish *lōþr, from Proto-Germanic *lōþr-, perhaps ultimately related to *laþō (“invitation, calling”), or from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂- (“to hide”). Compare English allure, also from Old French. Probably related to German Luder (“bait”).

My Faulcon now is ſharpe and paſſing emptie, / And til ſhe ſtoope ſhe muſt not be full gorg'd, / For then ſhe never lookes upon her lure.

c. 1590–1592 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Taming of the Shrew”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i], page 222:

(falconry) A bunch of feathers attached to a line, used in falconry to recall the hawk.


lure

en-verb

lure (third-person singular simple present lures, present participle luring, simple past and past participle lured)

lures (present singular third-person)
luring (participle present)
lured (participle past)
lured (past)

(transitive, falconry) To recall a hawk with a lure.


plume

plume (third-person singular simple present plumes, present participle pluming, simple past and past participle plumed)

plumes (present singular third-person)
pluming (participle present)
plumed (participle past)
plumed (past)
plume (infinitive)
plume (first-person present singular)
plumed (first-person past singular)
plume (present second-person singular)
plumest (archaic present second-person singular)
plumed (past second-person singular)
plumedst (archaic past second-person singular)
plumes (present singular third-person)
plumeth (archaic present singular third-person)
plumed (past singular third-person)
plume (plural present)
plumed (past plural)
plume (present subjunctive)
plumed (past subjunctive)
plume (imperative present)
pluming (participle present)
plumed (participle past)

Sense 1 (“to adorn, cover, or furnish with feathers or plumes”) is derived from Anglo-Norman plumer (“to cover with or provide with feathers”), or its etymon Latin plūmāre, the present active infinitive of plūmō (“to grow feathers, to fledge; to cover with feathers, to feather; to embroider with a feathery pattern”) (and compare Late Latin plūmō (“to attach feathers to arrows; of a hawk: to pluck the feathers from prey; (figurative) to celebrate, praise”)), from plūma (“feather; plumage; down”) (see etymology 1) + -ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs).
Senses 2–4 (“to arrange and preen the feathers of; to congratulate (oneself) proudly; to strip of feathers”) are from Late Middle English plumen (“to remove the feathers from a bird; of a hawk: to pluck the feathers or the head from prey”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman and Middle French plumer (“to remove the feathers from a bird; to pull out (hairs, especially from a moustache); to rob”), from plūma (see etymology 1).
Sense 5 (“to fan out or spread in a cloud”) is derived from plume (noun).

der

The hauke proineth when ſhe fetcheth oyle with her beake over the taile, and anointeth her feet and her fethers. She plumeth when ſhe pulleth fethers of anie foule and caſteth them from her.

1793, Samuel Johnson, George Steevens, “King Henry IV. Part I.”, in William Shakespeare, The Plays of William Shakespeare: […], volume VIII, London: […] T[homas] Longman, […], →OCLC, act I, scene i, page 366, footnote 3:

(transitive, archaic) To strip (a bird) of feathers; to pluck.

(falconry, obsolete) Of a hawk: to pluck the feathers from prey.


haggard

From Middle French haggard, from Old French faulcon hagard (“wild falcon”) ( > French hagard (“dazed”)), from Middle High German hag (“coppice”) ( > archaic German Hag (“hedge, grove”)). Akin to Frankish *hagia ( > French haie (“hedge”))

No, truly, Ursula, she is too disdainful;
I know her spirits are as coy and wild
As haggards of the rock.

1598–1599 (first performance), William Shakespeare, “Much Adoe about Nothing”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i]:

1856, John Henry Walsh, Manual of British Rural Sports
HAGGARDS may be trapped in this country but with the square-net, or the bow-net, but in either case great difficulty is experienced

(falconry) A hunting bird captured as an adult.

(falconry) A young or untrained hawk or falcon.


tiring

(falconry) Bits of bone and tough organic material from a corpse given to hawks to abate their hunger.


bower

(falconry) A young hawk, when it begins to leave the nest.


jess

From Middle English ges, from Middle French gies, from the plural of jet (“throw”), from Vulgar Latin *iectus, jectus < iactus (“a throwing”), or from jeter (“to throw”), itself from Latin iactare.

Haukes haue about theyr legges gesses made of lether moste comonly, some of silke which should no lenger but that the knottes of them should appere in ye myddes of the left hande betwene the longe fynger and the leche fynger bicause the lewnes should be fastened to them with a payre of tyrettes, whiche tyrettes should rest vpon the lewnes and not vpon gesses, for hangyng and fastyng vpon trees when she fleyth […]

1486, Juliana Berners, The booke of hauking, huntyng and fysshyng, London, published 1566:

I am that cedar; shake me not too much;
And you the eagles; soar ye ne’er so high,
I have the jesses that will pull you down;

1594, Christopher Marlow[e], The Troublesome Raigne and Lamentable Death of Edward the Second, King of England: […], London: […] [Eliot’s Court Press] for Henry Bell, […], published 1622, →OCLC, (please specify the page):

[…] If I do prove her haggard,
Though that her jesses were my dear heartstrings,
I’ld whistle her off and let her down the wind,
To pray at fortune.

c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iii]:

1686, Richard Blome, The Gentlemans Recreation, Part 2, Chapter 24 “Certain Terms of Art used in Falconry, with an Explanation thereof, Alphabetically set down,” p. 62,
Jesses are the short straps of Leather that are fastned to her Legs, and so to the Lease by the Varvils.

If your hawk is bad-weathered, that is, will not fit on your fist when the wind blows, but hales, and beats, and hangs by the jeſſes, ſhe has an ill habit of the worſt kind.

1773, James Campbell, A Treatise on modern faulconry:

(falconry) A short strap fastened around the leg of a bird used in falconry, to which a leash may be fastened.


jess

en-verb

jess (third-person singular simple present jesses, present participle jessing, simple past and past participle jessed)

jesses (present singular third-person)
jessing (participle present)
jessed (participle past)
jessed (past)

(falconry) To fasten a strap around the leg of a hawk.


run down

run down (third-person singular simple present runs down, present participle running down, simple past ran down, past participle run down)

runs down (present singular third-person)
running down (participle present)
ran down (past)
run down (participle past)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-run down.wav

to run down a stag

(hunting) To chase till the object pursued is captured or exhausted.

загнать

to chase till the object pursued is captured or exhausted


puss

en-noun

puss (countable and uncountable, plural pusses)

Probably from Middle Low German pūs, pūskatte or Dutch poes (“puss, cat”, slang for “vulva”), ultimately from a common Germanic word for cat, perhaps ultimately imitative of a sound made to get its attention (compare Arabic بسة (bissa)).
Akin to West Frisian poes, Low German Puus, Puuskatte, Danish pus, dialectal Swedish kattepus, Norwegian pus.
Found also in several other European, North African and Asian languages; compare Romanian pisică, Persian پیشی (piši), Tamil பூசை (pūcai), Tagalog pusa
and Sardinian pisittu.

onomatopoeic

imitative

He then began to beat about, in the ſame Language, and in the ſame Manner, as if he had been beating for a Hare, and at laſt cried out, 'Soho! Puſs is not far off. Here's her Form, upon my Soul; I believe I may cry ſtole away.'

1749, Henry Fielding, “In which is seen a more moving Spectacle, than all the Blood in the Bodies of Thwackum and Blifil and of Twenty other such, is capable of producing”, in The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume II, London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC, book V, page 220:

'[…] It won't kill Puss any better for that.' / "'But, goodness gracious, what can that hare be made of?' I asked.

1881, P. Chr. Asbjörnsen [i.e., Peter Christen Asbjørnsen], “A Day with the Capercailzies”, in H. L. Brækstad, transl., Round the Yule Log. Norwegian Folk and Fairy Tales, London: Sampson Low, Marston, Searle, & Rivington, →OCLC, page 77:


relay

From Middle French relai (“reserve pack of hounds”), from relaier (“to exchange tired animals for fresh”); literally, "to leave behind", from Old French relaier (“to leave behind”), from re- + laier (“to leave”), of uncertain origin.

váltó

competition between teams where members of a team take turns completing parts of a course or performing a certain action — see also relay race


relay

en-verb

relay (third-person singular simple present relays, present participle relaying, simple past and past participle relayed)

relays (present singular third-person)
relaying (participle present)
relayed (participle past)
relayed (past)

(obsolete, intransitive, hunting) To release a new set of hounds.


casting

en-noun

casting (countable and uncountable, plural castings)

From Middle English castyng, castinge, equivalent to cast + -ing.

"The dogs were no sooner let loose, than the hare was afoot. This time there was no stopping or casting, but the hounds were soon in full cry, and after half-an-hour's run, the hare came dancing down the moor towards me."

1886, Peter Christen Asbjørnsen, translated by H.L. Brækstad, Folk and Fairy Tales, page 77:

(hunting) Of hounds, the act of spreading out and searching for a scent.


mantle

en-verb

mantle (third-person singular simple present mantles, present participle mantling, simple past and past participle mantled)

mantles (present singular third-person)
mantling (participle present)
mantled (participle past)
mantled (past)

From Middle English mantel, from Old English mæntel, mentel (“sleeveless cloak”), from Proto-West Germanic *mantel; later reinforced by Anglo-Norman mantel, both from Latin mantēllum (“covering, cloak”), diminutive of mantum (French manteau, Spanish manto), probably from Gaulish *mantos, *mantalos (“trodden road”), from Proto-Celtic *mantos, *mantlos, from Proto-Indo-European *menH- (“tread, press together; crumble”). Compare Icelandic möttull. Doublet of manteau.

der

(falconry) The action of stretching out the wings to hide food.

(falconry) The action of stretching a wing and the same side leg out to one side of the body.


yarak

From Persian یارکی (yâraki, “power, strength, ability, boldness”).

uder

Kay began walking off in the wrong direction, raging in his heart because he knew that he had flown the bird when he was not properly in yarak, and the Wart had to shout after him the right way.

1958, T[erence] H[anbury] White, chapter II, in The Once and Future King, New York, N.Y.: G. P. Putnam's Sons, →ISBN, book I (The Sword in the Stone):

(falconry) A super-alert state where the bird is hungry, but not weak, in a trance-like state of alertness and ready to hunt.


bullfinch

bullfinches (plural)
bull-finch (alternative)

Young Hurrell turned them on the right; the officer on the polo pony and Mr. Westall, between them, dissected a "bullfinch" on the left, but the ditch and the briars took toll of the former.

1900, H. B. Yerburgh, Leaves from a hunting diary in Essex, page 180:

(UK, archaic, hunting, slang) A large, thick quickset hedge.


brail

From Middle English brayle, from Old French braiel, from Medieval Latin bracale (“girdle”) (from bracae (“breeches”)).

(falconry) A thong of soft leather to bind up a hawk's wing.


endue

en-verb

endue (third-person singular simple present endues, present participle enduing, simple past and past participle endued)

endues (present singular third-person)
enduing (participle present)
endued (participle past)
endued (past)
endue (infinitive)
endue (first-person present singular)
endued (first-person past singular)
endue (present second-person singular)
enduest (archaic present second-person singular)
endued (past second-person singular)
enduedst (archaic past second-person singular)
endues (present singular third-person)
endueth (archaic present singular third-person)
endued (past singular third-person)
endue (plural present)
endued (past plural)
endue (present subjunctive)
endued (past subjunctive)
endue (imperative present)
enduing (participle present)
endued (participle past)
endew (alternative)
indew (alternative)
indue (alternative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-endue.wav

From both of the following:
* Chiefly sense 1: Late Middle English induen (“to clothe (someone); to assume or take on (an appearance)”), from Latin induere, the present active infinitive of induō (“to put on (clothes, etc.); to assume (a part)”), from indu- (an archaic variant of in- (prefix meaning ‘in; within’)) + *uō (“to put on (clothes, etc.)”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ew- (“to put clothes or shoes on”)).
* Chiefly sense 3 and sense 4: Late Middle English endeuen, enduen (“to endow; to induct or put (someone into office, etc.); (falconry) of a hawk: to pass food from the crop or gorge into the stomach”), from Old French enduire, induire (modern French enduire), from Latin indūcere, the present active infinitive of indūcō (“to bring or lead in; (by extension) to draw over, cover; (figurative) to bring into, establish, initiate; etc.”), from in- (see above) + dūcō (“to draw, pull; to guide, lead; etc.”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dewk- (“to draw, pull; to lead”)).
Sense 2 is from a combination of the above. Doublet of induce.

надарявам

to invest (someone or something) with a certain power, quality, etc.

Your gorge not endewed / Without a capon stewed

1521–1522, John Skelton, “Here after Followeth a Litel Boke Called Colyn Cloute, […]”, in Alexander Dyce, editor, The Poetical Works of John Skelton: […], volume I, London: Thomas Rodd, […], published 1843, →OCLC, page 319, lines 216–217:

I Mute [defecate] as a hauke dothe whan ſhe hath endued her gorge.

1530 July 28 (Gregorian calendar), Iohan Palsgraue [i.e., John Palsgrave], “The Table of Verbes”, in Lesclarcissement de la langue francoyse⸝ […], [London]: […] [Richard Pynson] fynnysshed by Iohan Haukyns, →OCLC, 3rd boke, folio cccvi, recto, column 1; reprinted Geneva: Slatkine Reprints, October 1972, →OCLC:

Cattes fleſhe is vnholeſome, and harde to be indewed, and breedeth perillous wormes, and ſtoppeth a Hawke in the gorge, and marreth hir winde.

1575, George Turberuile [i.e.. George Turberville], “Of Feeding a Hawke”, in The Booke of Faulconrie or Hauking, for the Onely Delight and Plerasure of All Noblemen and Gentlemen: […], London: […] [Henry Bynneman] for Christopher Barker, […], →OCLC, page 138:

(obsolete) Senses relating to taking in.

(transitive, falconry) Of a hawk: originally, to pass (food in the crop or gizzard) into the stomach; later, to digest (food).


reclaim

From Middle English reclaymen, recleymen, reclamen, from Anglo-Norman reclamer (noun reclaim and Middle French reclamer (noun reclaim), from Latin reclāmō, reclāmāre.

(obsolete, falconry) The calling back of a hawk.


screamer

I had seen the track of the bear they were after, and I knowed he was a screamer.

1917, David Crockett, “The Bear Hunt”, in Maurice Garland Fulton, editor, Southern Life in Southern Literature:

(obsolete, US, hunting) A healthy, vigorous animal.


eyass

When Roland Græme was a youth about seventeen years of age, he chanced one summer morning to descend to the mew in which Sir Halbert Glendinning kept his hawks, in order to superintend the training of an eyass, or young hawk, which he himself, at the imminent risk of neck and limbs, had taken from a celebrated eyrie in the neighbourhood, called Gledscraig.

1820, [Walter Scott], chapter IV, in The Abbot. […], volume I, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne & Co.] for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, […]; and for Archibald Constable and Company, and John Ballantyne, […], →OCLC, page 82:


frill

en-verb

frill (third-person singular simple present frills, present participle frilling, simple past and past participle frilled)

frills (present singular third-person)
frilling (participle present)
frilled (participle past)
frilled (past)

(intransitive, obsolete, falconry) To shake or shiver as with cold (with reference to a hawk).

1688, Randle Holme, The Academy of Armory, Chester: for the author, Book 2, Chapter 13, “Of the Voices of Birds,” p. 310,
The Eagle Frilleth, or Scriketh
The Hawk, as Falcon, Gawshawk, and all such Birds of Prey, cryeth, peepeth, or frilleth.

(intransitive, obsolete, falconry) To cry (with reference to a bird of prey).


tiercel

tiercels (plural)
tercel (alternative)
terzel (alternative)
tassel (alternative)
tassell (alternative)
tarcel (alternative)
tarsel (alternative)
tarsell (alternative)
tyercel (alternative)
tyercle (alternative)

From Middle English tercel, from Old French terçuel, from Late Latin tertiolus, the diminutive of Latin tertius (“third”). Sources disagree whether the connection is that the males of most species of birds of prey favoured in falconry are smaller than the females by about a third, or whether it refers to the supposition that only one egg in three yields a male.

In this wise, the glossy bright-eyed kestrel, whom tiercels’ training could not reclaim, shook off silver bells, and velvet hood, and broidered jesses; and fled away—to consort, henceforward for evermore, with gleds, and hawks, and such birds of prey as make their nests deep in Bohemian forests, or in the desolate places of the Wilderness that girdles the frontier of the reputable world.

1866, [George Alfred Lawrence], “Evasit”, in Sans Merci; or, Kestrels and Falcons, volume III, London: Tinsley Brothers, […], page 126:

He is a tiercel, lean and long and supple-winged, the first of the year.

1967, J. A. Baker, The Peregrine, page 39:


coping

From cope (sense 2), used in the sense "dress in a cope," "to cover."

(falconry) Clipping the beak or talons of a bird.


hark back

hark back (third-person singular simple present harks back, present participle harking back, simple past and past participle harked back)

harks back (present singular third-person)
harking back (participle present)
harked back (participle past)
harked back (past)

From hark (“to listen attentively”) + back (“to or in a previous condition or place”, adverb), originally a hunting command to hounds meaning “Listen! Go back!”.

(hunting) Of hounds: to retrace a course in order to pick up the lost scent of prey.

hakea jälki uudelleen

of hounds: to retrace a course in order to pick up the lost scent of prey

(transitive, hunting) To call back (hounds); to recall.


hark back

hark backs (plural)
hark-back (alternative)

(hunting) An act of hounds retracing a course in order to pick up the lost scent of prey.


gamely

en-adj

gamely (comparative gamelier or more gamely, superlative gameliest or most gamely)

gamelier (comparative)
more gamely (comparative)
gameliest (superlative)
most gamely (superlative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-gamely.wav

From game + -ly; compare Old English gamenlīċ (“belonging to games, sportive, theatrical, ridiculous”) and Middle High German gāmelich, gemelich (“joyful”).

cog

The black bass was strongly recommended as a gamely creature and as excellent for the table, and it was put into Meeting-house Pond.

1893, William Sweetzer Heywood, History of Westminster, Massachusetts:

(hunting, fishing, etc.) Of or pertaining to game.


quartering

(hunting) Searching for prey by traversing a space. From hunting for game, where dogs will run parallel to the wind in search of a scent, thereby 'quatering' the field.


foiling

(hunting) The track of game, such as deer, in the grass.


nuzzle

en-verb

nuzzle (third-person singular simple present nuzzles, present participle nuzzling, simple past and past participle nuzzled)

nuzzles (present singular third-person)
nuzzling (participle present)
nuzzled (participle past)
nuzzled (past)

Origin uncertain; appears to have a separate origin from nuzzle (etymology 1) due to the different meanings, but probably influenced by that word.

Often followed by '''up or with: to nurture or train (oneself or someone) to act a certain way, have certain beliefs, etc.

(falconry, hunting) To train (a dog or hawk) to attack prey.


stably

From Middle English stablie, from Anglo-Norman stablie.

As described in chapter three, classic bow and stably hunting in the later Middle Ages and early Renaissance involved hunters waiting on foot at stands or stations for the driven quarry to appear within bowshot.

2011, Richard Almond, Medieval Hunting, page 140:

Additions to the present manuscript found in no other contemporary manuscripts include passages on blowing the "prise", an account of fox-hunting, and a section on hunting with bow and stably (in which deer are driven past ready bowmen).

2011, Yale University Library, notes on: William Twiti (d. 1328), The craft of venery

Twiti's discussion of hunting deer with bow and a pack of greyhounds (or “stably”) to drive them past the waiting archers is similar, for example, to that in Gawain and the Green Knight, and such hunting practices are referred to in Chaucer’s Troilus and Criseyde, The Book of the Duchess, and The Franklin's Tale.

2011, John B. Friedman, review of: David Scott-Macnab, The Middle English Text of The Art of Hunting by William Twiti. The Journal of English and Germanic Philology, vol. 110, no. 4, pp. 545-547

(hunting, historical) A medieval hunting practice in which a group of hunters and hounds are stationed around the perimeter of a wood during a hunt to prevent the escape of the game.


stalking horse

stalking horses (plural)
stalking-horse (alternative)

(dated, hunting) A horse used as cover by a hunter stalking game.

засло́нная ло́шадь

a horse used as cover by a hunter stalking game


seel

seel (third-person singular simple present seels, present participle seeling, simple past and past participle seeled)

seels (present singular third-person)
seeling (participle present)
seeled (participle past)
seeled (past)

From Middle English silen, from Old French siller, ciller (“to sew up the eyelids of, hoodwink, wink”), from cil (“eyelid”), from Latin cilium (“eyelid, eyelash”).

Hey who does blindly soar at Rhodalind[…]
Mounts, like seel'd doves, still higher[…]

(falconry) To sew together the eyelids of a young hawk.


battue

en-noun

battue (countable and uncountable, plural battues)

From French battue, ultimately from Latin battere. Doublet of battuta, which arrived via Italian.

[page 203] In battue, whenever a hen rises, the signal "ware hen!" is called out by the sportsman or beater who is nearest it: meaning thereby "beware of the hen;" or, literally, "do not shoot the hen pheasant." In most places where game is very strictly preserved, and the rules of sporting firmly adhered to, a fine is imposed on any one who kills a hen pheasant in battue. […] [page 204] No dogs need be used in battue, but beaters only: and it should be remembered that pheasants always run to the end or side of the cover before taking flight, unless they are much pressed: consequently the best sport always comes at the extreme end of the wood.

1863, “Marksman” [pseudonym], “Finishing Lessons”, in The Dead Shot; or, Sportsman’s Complete Guide: […], New York, N.Y.: W. A. Townsend, publisher, →OCLC, pages 203 and 204:

In the southern territories of Tuva saiga antelopes were hunted successfully by the battue method, using horse as chasers, and log pens constructed before the hunt. Several dozen animals could be caught in one hunt by this method.

1980, Sevyan Vainshtein, “Appropriative Economic Forms among the Tuvinian Nomads in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries”, in Michael Colenso, transl., edited by Caroline Humphrey, Nomads of South Siberia: The Pastoral Economies of Tuva (Cambridge Studies in Social Anthropology; 25), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 178:

The spread of battue hunting was limited before the 1840s, and most sporting handbooks continued to instruct their readers in the arts of walking up rather than battue hunting. […] Yet the gradual spread of the battue was unmistakable, much to the consternation of more traditionally minded sportsmen. Traditionalists took exception to the extensive slaughter that the grand battue hunt might involve and railed against the introduction of this 'abominable Gallic System'.

2007, Emma Griffin, “A New Era Dawns”, in Blood Sport: Hunting in Britain since 1066, New Haven, Conn., London: Yale University Press, →ISBN, page 120:

(uncountable, hunting, often attributively) A form of hunting in which game is forced into the open by the beating of sticks on bushes, etc.

The battues have nothing whatever to do with the poaching, and once sufficiently grand battue would put an end to poaching altogether, by destroying all the game. The evil of which the chancellor should have spoken, is the excessive game preserving which allows of battues, or great massacres. The game is preserved till it swarms, and then it is slaughtered in swarms; but it is clearly not the massacre which provokes the poaching, but the temptation of the extraordinary abundance of game.

1827 May 1, “Diary for the Month of April”, in The London Magazine, volume VIII (New Series), London: Published by Hunt and Clarke, […], →OCLC, page 66:

What, in your comprehension, is a battue?—As far as I understand a battue, it is where the woods are beaten; where the game is beaten out by men instead of dogs.

1845 April 21, Sir Harry Verney (witness), “Minutes of Evidence Taken before the Select Committee on the Game Laws”, in Report from the Select Committee on the Game Laws, part I (Session 1845), [London: Ordered, by the House of Commons [of the United Kingdom], to be Printed], published 6 July 1846, →OCLC, paragraph 1202, page 59:

In the collection of game for a battue, are the Committee to understand that game is driven into the covers from the various parts of the manor?—No; it is reared and bred in the covers, generally, I believe. […] You object to a battue where 800 or 900 head of game are killed?—Yes. […] I should prefer the battue system being done away entirely.

1845 July 9, Duke of Grafton [Augustus FitzRoy, 7th Duke of Grafton] (witness), “Minutes of Evidence Taken before the Select Committee on the Game Laws”, in Report from the Select Committee on the Game Laws, part I (Session 1845), [London: Ordered, by the House of Commons [of the United Kingdom], to be Printed], published 6 July 1846, →OCLC, paragraphs 15078, 15081, and 15083, page 777:

[T]he Duke having duly conned over the eligible parties to ask, it was finally arranged that a Battue should inaugurate the Prince's visit. It required a little tact and consideration to get it up properly, for some people like battues while others don't.

1860, [Robert Smith Surtees], “Shooting and Slaughtering”, in “Plain or Ringlets?”, London: Bradbury, Agnew, & Co., […], →OCLC, page 193:

A battue is a contrivance for killing the largest quantity of game in the smallest time, with the least amount of trouble, by a small select party. […] The peculiar charm of a battue appears to lie, first, in its enormous cost, which places it out of the reach of men of moderate means; next, in the arrangements for wholesale slaughter by people who, being neither good shots nor good walkers, are unable to take advantage of the working of well-trained dogs.

1860 September 1, “The Cost of a Battue”, in Charles Dickens, editor, All the Year Round. A Weekly Journal. [...] With which is Incorporated Household Words, volume III, number 71, London: No. 26, Wellington Street [printed by C. Whiting, […]], →OCLC, page 485, column 2:

The admiration of the bear made the hunt appear as a royal performance with the bear as a revered participant. During the nineteenth century battues for large carnivores were quite frequently narrated as instructive stories about the organization of the hunt.

2017, Karin Dirke, “Changing Narratives of Human: Large Carnivore Encounters in Nineteenth-century Sweden”, in Tuomas Räsänen, Taina Syräjmaa, editors, Shared Lives of Humand and Animals: Animal Agency in the Global North, Abingdon, Oxon., New York, N.Y.: Routledge, →ISBN, page 167:

(countable, hunting) A hunt performed in this manner.


passager

He understood that once Cully had slept in freedom for a whole night he would be wild again and irreclaimable. Cully was a passager. But if the poor Wart could only mark him to roost, and if Hob would only arrive then with a dark lantern, they might still take him that night by climbing the tree, while he was sleepy and muddled with the light.

1958, T[erence] H[anbury] White, chapter II, in The Once and Future King, New York, N.Y.: G. P. Putnam's Sons, →ISBN, book I (The Sword in the Stone):


crabbing

crabbing (usually uncountable, plural crabbings)

(falconry) The fighting of hawks with each other.


austringer

austringers (plural)
ostreger (alternative)
ostringer (alternative)

From Middle English ostreger, ostringer, borrowed from Old French ostruchier, austruchier.

Just as in modern shooting, you must never offer criticism to the man in command, so in hawking it was important that no outside advice should be allowed to disturb the judgment of the austringer.

1958, T[erence] H[anbury] White, chapter I, in The Once and Future King, New York, N.Y.: G. P. Putnam's Sons, →ISBN, book I (The Sword in the Stone):

(falconry) A falconer who uses accipiters for hunting.


varvel

varvels (plural)
vervelle (alternative)
vervel (alternative)

From Old French vervelle (“falcon's leg fetter”), from Vulgar Latin derivation of Latin vertibulum (“joint”).

uder

1894 — James Parker, A Glossary of Terms Used in Heraldry, s.v. Falcon.
To the jesses, it is said, are attached the varvels, sometimes written vervels, or rings.

(falconry, heraldry) A metal ring bearing the owner's name or coat of arms, attached to a hawk's jesses. Used for identifying birds.


deadfall

en-noun

deadfall (countable and uncountable, plural deadfalls)

It [the wolverine] is so cunning as rarely to enter a deadfall itself, but will carefully pull it to pieces and then eat the bait in safety. I was informed by hunters at Selkirk Settlement that they sometimes lost the successful result of several days' trapping by a single wolverine, which, following their path, would pull down every deadfall, or destroy any animal already caught.

1859, Robert Kennicott, “The Quadrupeds of Illinois Injurious and Beneficial to the Farmer. [Wolverine, or Glutton.]”, in Report of the Commissioner of Patents for the Year 1858: Agriculture (House of Representatives, 35th Congress, 2d Session; executive document no. 105), Washington, D.C.: James B[lair] Steedman, printer, →OCLC, page 246:

The beaver trap is a deadfall of considerable weight, nicely adjusted over the animal's road or track, frequently on a dam. […] The animal passing under the deadfall has to step on a little stick raised an inch or two above the ground, and this brings down the deadfall on its back.

1876, John J. Rowan, “The Trapper”, in The Emigrant and Sportsman in Canada. […], London: Edward Stanford, […], →OCLC, page 369:

It was a week after the taking of the black fox that Skookum Bill, on a short exploring trip a few miles west of their cabin, came across a deadfall which held a dead marten. He took the marten, and, when he returned, said to Dobbs: "I didn't know you'd built any deadfalls in the timber past the big draw?"

1922 November 25, A[rthur] M[urray] Chisholm, “A Thousand a Plate”, in Western Story Magazine, volume XXX, number 4, New York, N.Y.: Street & Smith Corporation, →OCLC, chapter II, page 90, column 2:

Marten, wolverine, lynx, ermine, fox, mink, beaver, and land otter were plentiful in the general vicinity of Kijik and traps and deadfalls were set for them.

1974, Alaska Planning Group, United States Department of the Interior, “History and Archeology”, in Final Environmental Statement: Proposed Lake Clark National Park, Alaska, Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office, →OCLC, part II (Description of the Environment), section A (Existing Environment), pages 61–62:

(countable, Canada, US, hunting) A kind of trap for animals, consisting of a heavy board or log that falls on to the prey.

piège assommoir

trap consisting of a heavy object that falls on to the prey


brancher

From branch (noun) + -er. So called because of the bird still clinging to the branches while practising flying movements with the wings.

“What, ho! sir knave,” exclaimed Roland, “is it thus you feed the eyasse with unwashed meat, as if you were gorging the foul brancher of a worthless hoodie-crow, by the mass?[…]”

1820, [Walter Scott], chapter IV, in The Abbot. […], volume I, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne & Co.] for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, […]; and for Archibald Constable and Company, and John Ballantyne, […], →OCLC, page 83:

(falconry) A young owl or other raptor that is just too young to fly.