instrumentally

en-adv

instrumentally (comparative more instrumentally, superlative most instrumentally)

more instrumentally (comparative)
most instrumentally (superlative)

They will argue that the end being essentially beneficial, the means become instrumentally so.

1760–1765, Edmund Burke, Tracts Relative to the Laws against Popery in Ireland

Institutionally based, restrictive relationships, such as those among family members or professional colleagues, must thus be contrasted with instrumentally based, nonrestrictive relationships serving the aims of practical pursuits, such as those between freely practicing experts and their clients or between sellers and buyers. In instrumentally structured situations it is not necessary for the participants to curb their needs, because the mere expression of needs in no way compels others to gratify them, as it tends to do in the family.

1974, Thomas S. Szasz, chapter 8, in The Myth of Mental Illness, →ISBN, page 144:

By means of an instrument or agency; as means to an end

an instrumentally accompanied song

join in instrumentally

In a song that has vocals, the intro is often played instrumentally and serves to establish the overall feel of the song.

2018, Rick Mattingly, Rod Morgenstein, The Drumset Musician:


smooth

smooth (comparative smoother, superlative smoothest)

smoother (comparative)
smoothest (superlative)

From Middle English smothe, smethe, from Old English smēþe, smōþ, both from Proto-West Germanic *smanþī, of unknown origin. Cognate with Scots smuith (“smooth”), Low German smood and smödig (“smooth, malleable, ductile”), Dutch smeuïg (“smooth”) (from earlier smeudig).

Smooth runs the water where the brook is deep.

1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Second Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies. […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii]:


gain

gain (comparative more gain, superlative most gain)

more gain (comparative)
most gain (superlative)

From Middle English gayn, gein, geyn (“straight, direct, short, fit, good”), from Old Norse gegn (“straight, direct, short, ready, serviceable, kindly”), from gegn (“opposite, against”, adverb) (whence gagna (“to go against, meet, suit, be meet”)); see below at gain. Adverb from Middle English gayn, gayne (“fitly, quickly”), from the adjective.

der

(obsolete or dialectal) Straightly; quickly; by the nearest way or means.

(dialectal) Suitably; conveniently; dexterously; moderately.

gain quiet ― fairly/pretty quiet


therefore

/ˈðɜːɹˌfɔːɹ/

-ɛə(ɹ)fɔː(ɹ)

From Middle English therfore, therfor, tharfore, thorfore; synchronically a univerbation of there (pronominal adverb) + for, literally “for that (reason)”. The spelling has been changed due to a reanalysis as there + fore (literally “forward from that; thence”). See also therefor, ultimately the same formation.
Compare Saterland Frisian deerfoar, Dutch daarvoor, German dafür, Danish and Norwegian derfor, Swedish därför.

univ

Traditional values will always have a place. Therefore, they will never lose relevance.

I have married a wife, and therefore I can not come.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Luke 14:20:

Je pense, donc je suis (I think, therefore I am)

1637, René Descartes, Discourse on the Method:

In the old days, to my commonplace and unobserving mind, he gave no evidences of genius whatsoever. He never read me any of his manuscripts, […], and therefore my lack of detection of his promise may in some degree be pardoned.

1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter I, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:

Creating a complete map of the human connectome would therefore be a monumental milestone but not the end of the journey to understanding how our brains work.

2012 March-April, Terrence J. Sejnowski, “Well-connected Brains”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 2, page 171:

He blushes; therefore he is innocent.

(conjunctive) Consequently, by or in consequence of that or this cause; referring to something previously stated.

إِذَنْ

consequently; by consequence — see also consequently

داك الشي علاش

dāk eš-šī ʕlāš

Behold, we have forsaken all, and followed thee; what shall we have therefore?

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Matthew 19:27:

(conjunctive, archaic) for that; for it (in reference to a previous statement)


clean

en-adv

clean (comparative cleaner, superlative cleanest)

cleaner (comparative)
cleanest (superlative)

From Middle English clene, clane, from Old English clǣne (“clean, pure”), from Proto-West Germanic *klainī (“shining, fine, splendid, tender”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *glēy- (“gleaming”), from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“to gleam”). Cognate with Scots clean (“absolute, pure, clear, empty”) and clene, clane (“clean”), North Frisian klien (“small”), Dutch klein (“small”), Low German kleen (“small”), German klein (“small”), Swedish klen (“weak, feeble, delicate”), Icelandic klénn (“poor, feeble, petty, snug, puny, cheesy, lame”).

cog

He was stabbed clean through.

You must be clean mad.

So, since all my pains in his direction were clean thrown away, there was nothing left for me but to scurry back to Marjorie, — so I scurried, and I found the house empty, no one there, and Marjorie gone.

A feat sometimes achieved by outstanding local athletes is to throw a cricket ball clean over the top [of the viaduct].

1951 October, William B. Stocks, “A Few Miles from Huddersfield”, in Railway Magazine, page 701:

The huge square box, parquet-floored and high-ceilinged, had been arranged to display a suite of bedroom furniture designed and made in the halcyon days of the last quarter of the nineteenth century, when modish taste was just due to go clean out of fashion for the best part of the next hundred years.

1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 1, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:


high

en-adv

high (comparative higher, superlative highest)

higher (comparative)
highest (superlative)

From Middle English high, heigh, heih, from Old English hēah (“high, tall, lofty, high-class, exalted, sublime, illustrious, important, proud, haughty, deep, right”), from Proto-West Germanic *hauh (“high”), from Proto-Germanic *hauhaz (“high”), from Proto-Indo-European *kewk- (“to elevate, height”). Cognate with Scots heich (“high”), Saterland Frisian hooch (“high”), West Frisian heech (“high”), Dutch hoog (“high”), Low German hoog (“high”), German hoch (“high”), Swedish hög (“high”), Norwegian høy (“high”), Icelandic hár (“high”), Lithuanian kaukas (“bump, boil, sore”).

der

How high above land did you fly?

The desks were piled high with magazines.

Costs have grown higher this year again.

I certainly can't sing that high.


wherefore

/ˈwɛə(ɹ)ˌfɔː(ɹ)/

/ˈʍɛə(ɹ)ˌfɔː(ɹ)/

/ˈʍɜːɹˌfɔːɹ/

From Middle English wherfor, wherfore, hwarfore, equivalent to where- (“what”) + for. Compare Dutch waarvoor (“what for, wherefore”), German wofür (“for what, what for, why”), Danish and Norwegian hvorfor (“wherefore, why”), Swedish varför (“wherefore, why”). More at where, for.

cog

Ah, Romeo, Romeo, wherefore art thou Romeo? / Denie thy Father, and refuſe thy name, / Or if thou wilt not be but ſworne my loue, / And il'e no longer be a Capulet.

c. 1591–1595 (date written), [William Shakespeare], […] Romeo and Juliet. […] (First Quarto), London: […] Iohn Danter, published 1597, →OCLC, [Act II, scene ii]:

VVherefore weepe you?

1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i], page 11, column 2:

Wherefore doe the wicked liue, become old, yea, are mightie in power?

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Job 21:7, column 1:

And if he preached other than the right doctrine, wherefore did his superiors in the Carthusian convent permit it? If the shepherds turn a wolf in sheep's clothing into the flock, they should not blame the sheep for being worried.

1828 May 15, [Walter Scott], chapter II, in Chronicles of the Canongate. Second Series. […] (The Fair Maid of Perth), volume III, Edinburgh: […] [Ballantyne and Co.] for Cadell and Co.; London: Simpkin and Marshall, →OCLC, page 27:

"Good morning, Mrs. Denny," he said. "Wherefore this worried look on your face? Has that reprobate James been misbehaving himself?"

1920, Herman Cyril McNeile, chapter 1, in Bulldog Drummond:

(conjunctive, interrogative, archaic) Why, for what reason, because of what.

For behold, by the power of his word man came upon the face of the earth, which earth was created by the power of his word. Wherefore, if God being able to speak and the world was, and to speak and man was created, O then, why not able to command the earth, or the workmanship of his hands upon the face of it, according to his will and pleasure?

1830, Joseph Smith Jr., chapter 4, in The Book of Mormon^(https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Book_of_Mormon_(1981)/Jacob#Chapter_4), Jacob:

Wherefore, Judge G. Thomas Porteous, Jr., is guilty of high crimes and misdemeanors and should be removed from office.

2010 March 17, House of the United States, House Resolution 1031:

(conjunctive, indicative, archaic or formal) Therefore; thus.


womanly

en-adv

womanly (comparative more womanly, superlative most womanly)

more womanly (comparative)
most womanly (superlative)

From Middle English womanly, wommanly, wommanlich, wummonlich, wommanlych, equivalent to woman + -ly.


dead

From Middle English ded, deed, from Old English dēad, from Proto-West Germanic *daud, from Proto-Germanic *daudaz. Compare West Frisian dead, dea, Dutch dood, German tot, Danish, Norwegian død, Norwegian Nynorsk daud.

dead right; dead level; dead flat; dead straight; dead left

He hit the target dead in the centre.

Independent tests later confirmed [the figures] to be accurate, with Car & Driver seeing 159mph (254kph), 0.60 in five seconds dead, and an amazingly high 0.97g.

2003 December 1, Brian Long, RX-7 Mazda’s Rotary Engine Sports Car: Updated & Enlarged Edition, Veloce Publishing Ltd, →ISBN, page 145:

And because the tunnel is dead straight, it's perfect for reaching high speeds.

2023 November 29, Peter Plisner, “The winds of change in Catesby Tunnel”, in RAIL, number 997, page 56:

dead wrong; dead set; dead serious; dead drunk; dead broke; dead earnest; dead certain; dead slow; dead sure; dead simple; dead honest; dead accurate; dead easy; dead scared; dead solid; dead black; dead white; dead empty

I knew once a Scotch sailmaker who was certain, dead sure, there were people in Mars.

1899 February, Joseph Conrad, “The Heart of Darkness”, in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, volume CLXV, number M, New York, N.Y.: The Leonard Scott Publishing Company, […], →OCLC, part I, page 216:

(degree, informal, colloquial) Very, absolutely, extremely.

He stopped dead.

dead tired; dead quiet; dead asleep; dead pale; dead cold; dead still

I was tired of reading, and dead sleepy.

1849 May – 1850 November, Charles Dickens, chapter 2, in The Personal History of David Copperfield, London: Bradbury & Evans, […], published 1850, →OCLC:


yonder

From Middle English yonder, yondre, ȝondre, ȝendre, from Old English ġeonre (“thither; yonder”, adverb), equivalent to yond (from ġeond, from Proto-Germanic *jainaz) + -er, as in hither, thither.
Cognate with Scots ȝondir (“yonder”), Saterland Frisian tjunder (“over there, yonder”), Dutch ginder (“over there; yonder”), Middle Low German ginder, gender (“over there”), German jenseits (“on the other side, beyond”), Gothic 𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐍂𐌴 (jaindrē, “thither”).

cog

See who yonder is.

c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merry Wiues of Windsor”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i], line 149:

"A fine man, that Dunwody, yonder," commented the young captain, as they parted, and as he turned to his prisoner. "We'll see him on in Washington some day. He is strengthening his forces now against Mr. Benton out there."

1910, Emerson Hough, chapter I, in The Purchase Price: Or The Cause of Compromise, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:

Whose doublewide is that over yonder?

(archaic or dialect especially Cumbria, Southern US) At or in a distant but indicated place.

As for me and the childe, we wyl go yonder.

They headed on over yonder.

(archaic or dialect) Synonym of thither: to a distant but indicated place.


preponderatingly

In a preponderating manner; preponderantly.


when

From Middle English when(ne), whanne, from Old English hwonne, from Proto-West Germanic *hwannē, from Proto-West Germanic *hwan, from Proto-Germanic *hwan (“at what time, when”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷis (interrogative base).
Cognate with Dutch wanneer (“when”) and wen (“when, if”), Low German wannehr (“when”), wann (“when”) and wenn (“if, when”), German wann (“when”) and wenn (“when, if”), Gothic 𐍈𐌰𐌽 (ƕan, “when, how”), Latin quandō (“when”). More at who.
Interjection sense: a playful misunderstanding of "say when" (i.e. say something / speak up when you want me to stop) as "say [the word] when".

nuarin

used when the expected answer will happen in the future

kasuarin

used when the expected answer has already happened

When will they arrive?

Do you know when they arrived?

I don't know when they arrived.

When they arrived is unknown.

What words are used as interrogative pronouns? — Give examples.
When are the words, what, which, and that, called adj. pron.?
When are they called interrogative pronominal adjectives?

1834, Samuel Kirkham, English Grammar in Familiar Lectures, page 117:

(interrogative) At what time? At which time? Upon which occasion or circumstance? Used to introduce direct or indirect questions about time.

The site's all bugged. Fix when?

Tank class buff when?

My fridge even restocks itself these days. Glorious AI overlords when?

New patch when??

2020 December 4, u/Woebn, “Why did Treant fell in love with Aiushtha?”, in Reddit, r/DotA2, archived from the original on 2024-01-22:

Iran EU when? lol

2023 November 13, u/f4c1r, “Regions of Europe according to a Dutch map”, in Reddit, r/europe, archived from the original on 2024-01-22:

obligatory hl3 when? yea yea i know, likely never.

2023 November 18, u/waiting4singularity, “Valve marks Half-Life's 25th anniversary with game update and documentary”, in Reddit, r/gamernews, archived from the original on 2024-01-22:

Bard and eve nerf when

2024 January 17, u/JabberwockyNZ, “14.2 Patch Preview”, in Reddit, r/leagueoflegends, archived from the original on 2024-01-22:

(interrogative, Internet slang, often humorous) Used after a noun or noun phrase in isolation to express impatience with an anticipated future event.

He's mister high and mighty now, but I remember him when.

At an earlier time and under different, usually less favorable, circumstances.

ennen

at an earlier time and under different circumstances

That was the day when the Twin Towers fell.

The Celebrity, by arts unknown, induced Mrs. Judge Short and two other ladies to call at Mohair on a certain afternoon when Mr. Cooke was trying a trotter on the track.[…]Their example was followed by others at a time when the master of Mohair was superintending in person the docking of some two-year-olds, and equally invisible.

1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter IV, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC, pages 58–59:

(relative) At which, on which, during which: often omitted or replaced with that.

I recall when they were called the Greys.

Next year is when we elect a new mayor.

(fused relative) The time at, on or during which.

Love is when you can't get enough of someone.

(informal, in definitions or explanations) A circumstance or situation in which.


d

Abbreviations.
* (British penny; old penny): abbreviation of Latin denarii, the name of the corresponding Roman coin.
* (dice): abbreviation of dice
d
# Abbreviation of died or death.
#: William Shakespeare, d 1616
# (stenoscript) Abbreviation of do and inflections doing, did, done and homophone due
#: exception: dz 'does'
# (stenoscript) prefix dis- or des-

ng

or <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">death</i>.

Do you have the answer for 23d?

Come d.

Done d.

(Malaysia, informal) Abbreviation of already. Used to form the perfect tenses. Used in text messages.


still

From Middle English stille (“motionless, stationary”), from Old English stille (“still, quiet”), from Proto-West Germanic *stillī, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)telH- (“to be silent; to be still”). Cognate with Scots stil (“still”), Saterland Frisian stil (“motionless, calm, quiet”), West Frisian stil (“quiet, still”), Dutch stil (“quiet, silent, still”), Low German still (“quiet, still”), German still (“still, quiet, tranquil, silent”), Swedish stilla (“quiet, silent, peaceful”), Icelandic stilltur (“set, quiet, calm, still”). Related to stall.
(noun: Falkland Islander): Military slang, short for still a Benny, since the military had been instructed not to refer to the islanders by the derogatory term Benny (which see).

cog

l-vocalizing: UK, General Australian, New Zealand

They stood still until the guard was out of sight.

nyugton

chiefly when telling off someone fidgety

Is it still raining? It was still raining five minutes ago.

We’ve seen most of the sights, but we are still visiting the museum.

I’m still not wise enough to answer that.

It hath been anciently reported, and is still received.

1627 (indicated as 1626), Francis [Bacon], “(please specify the page, or |century=I to X)”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], London: […] William Rawley […]; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC:

Edward Churchill still attended to his work in a hopeless mechanical manner like a sleep-walker who walks safely on a well-known round. But his Roman collar galled him, his cossack stifled him, his biretta was as uncomfortable as a merry-andrew's cap and bells.

1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XV, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:

Hepaticology, outside the temperate parts of the Northern Hemisphere, still lies deep in the shadow cast by that ultimate "closet taxonomist," Franz Stephani—a ghost whose shadow falls over us all.

1992, Rudolf M[athias] Schuster, The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America: East of the Hundredth Meridian, volume V, Chicago, Ill.: Field Museum of Natural History, →ISBN, page vii:

An artificial kidney these days still means a refrigerator-sized dialysis machine. Such devices mimic the way real kidneys cleanse blood and eject impurities and surplus water as urine.

2013 June 1, “A better waterworks”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8838, page 5 (Technology Quarterly):

(aspect) Up to a time, as in the preceding time.

Tom is tall; Dick is taller; Harry is still taller / Harry is taller still.

The guilt being great, the fear doth still exceed.

1594, William Shakespeare, Lucrece (First Quarto), London: […] Richard Field, for Iohn Harrison, […], →OCLC:

(degree) To an even greater degree. Used to modify comparative adjectives or adverbs.

I’m not hungry, but I’ll still manage to find room for dessert.

Yeah, but still...

As sunshine, broken in the rill, / Though turned astray, is sunshine still.

Given the thorny intelligence of [J. C.] Chandor’s previous films (which also include Margin Call and A Most Violent Year), it's hard to believe that he thought it was a good idea to play Fleetwood Mac's "The Chain" over a sequence of Pope telling the others that he can't do this job without them, or to accompany shots of the men running through the jungle with Creedence Clearwater Revival's "Run Through The Jungle." (Okay, they're stealthily walking. But still.)

2019 July 3, Mike D’Angelo, “Oscar Isaac and Ben Affleck Blunder through a Heavy Heist in J. C. Chandor’s Triple Frontier”, in The A.V. Club, archived from the original on 2019-11-21:

Lechery, lechery, still wars and lechery; nothing else holds fashion.

c. 1602, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Troylus and Cressida”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene ii], lines 201–202:

[W]hereas many Chymiſts vvould be vaſtly rich, if they could ſtill do in great Quantities vvhat they have ſometimes done in little ones, many have undone themſelves by obſtinately attempting to make even real Experiments more gainful.

1661, Robert Boyle, “[Two Essays, Concerning the Unsuccessfulness of Experiments, Containing Divers Admonitions and Observations (Chiefly Chymical) Touching that Subject.] The Second Essay, of Un-succeeding Experiments.”, in Certain Physiological Essays and Other Tracts; […], 2nd edition, London: […] Henry Herringman […], published 1669, →OCLC, page 78:

The desire of fame betrays an ambitious man into indecencies that lessen his reputation; he is still afraid lest any of his actions should be thrown away in private.

1712 January 2 (Gregorian calendar), [Joseph Addison; Richard Steele et al.], “SATURDAY, December 22, 1711”, in The Spectator, number 255; republished in Alexander Chalmers, editor, The Spectator; a New Edition, […], volume III, New York, N.Y.: D[aniel] Appleton & Company, 1853, →OCLC:

I vex my heart with fancies dim:
He still outstript me in the race;
It was but unity of place
That made me dream I rank’d with him.

1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, Canto XLI, page 64:

(archaic, poetic) Always; invariably; constantly; continuously.

Some dogs howl; more yelp; still more bark.

Some poems, echoing the purpose of early poetic treatises on scientific principles, attempt to elucidate the mathematical concepts that underlie prime numbers. Others play with primes’ cultural associations. Still others derive their structure from mathematical patterns involving primes.

2013 July-August, Sarah Glaz, “Ode to Prime Numbers”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 4:

'Yeah yeah, I'm good still, Stace,' I said.

2022, Moses McKenzie, An Olive Grove in Ends:

HALIL: I can't lie, I didn't expect it from you, man, still!

2022 June 2, Gabrielle Wood, 16:17 from the start, in Teddy Nygh, director, PRU (1), episode 2 (TV), spoken by Halil (Jay Ersavas):


a cappella

/ˌɑ kəˈpɛl.ə/

Borrowed from Italian a cappella (“in the manner of the [Sistine] chapel”), referring to non-instrumental choirs.

bor

Groups of teens singing a cappella on street corners got recording contracts.

(music) In a manner of a choir with no instrumental accompaniment; literally, "in the style of the (Sistine) Chapel (in Rome)", such as a musical Mass done a cappella.

a cappella

performed by a choir with no instrumental accompaniment


sharp

en-adv

sharp (comparative sharper, superlative sharpest)

sharper (comparative)
sharpest (superlative)

From Middle English scharp, from Old English sċearp, from Proto-West Germanic *skarp, from Proto-Germanic *skarpaz, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kerb-, from *(s)ker- (“to cut”).
Cognate with West Frisian skerp, Low German scharp, Dutch scherp, German scharf, Danish skarp. Compare Irish cearb (“keen; cutting”), Latin acerbus (“tart, bitter”), Tocharian B kärpye (“rough”), Latvian skârbs (“sharp, rough”), Russian щерба (ščerba, “notch”), Polish szczerba (“gap, dent, jag, chip, nick, notch”), Albanian harb (“rudeness”). More at shear.

In a sharp manner: a less usual alternative to sharply in certain senses.

The iron plates rang sharp, but turn'd the spear

1853, Matthew Arnold, Sohrab and Rustum:

You bite so sharp at reasons.

c. 1602, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Troylus and Cressida”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene ii]:

South of the city the river turns sharp to the east.

sharp left, sharp right

I'll see you at twelve o'clock sharp.

2020 September 1, Tom Lamont, “Open at 9am sharp, Frank had waited until 11.30am for his first visitor of the day – and here I came, not with an empty shopping basket, but a reporter’s notebook.”, in The Guardian:

(of times of day, not comparable) Exactly.

I didn't enjoy the concert much because the soprano sang sharp on all the high notes.

1867, Dutton Cook, Hobson's Choice, Chapter 8, “Music Hath Charms”, p. 72 https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Hobson_s_Choice/hwhhEAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=%22Matilda+Milner+frequently+sang+sharp%22&pg=PA72&printsec=frontcover
Whereas Matilda Milner frequently sang sharp, in spite of the efforts of Miss Brown, who played the accompaniment, to give her the right note and keep her in tune.

(music) In a higher pitch than is correct or desirable.

liiga kõrgelt

in a higher pitch than is correct or desirable


near

near (comparative nearer, superlative nearest)

nearer (comparative)
nearest (superlative)

From Middle English nere, ner, from Old English nēar (“nearer”, comparative of nēah (“nigh”), the superlative would become next), influenced by Old Norse nær (“near”), both originating from Proto-Germanic *nēhwiz (“nearer”), comparative of the adverb *nēhw (“near”), from the adjective *nēhwaz, ultimately from Pre-Proto-Germanic *h₂nḗḱwos, a lengthened-grade adjective derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₂neḱ- (“to reach”).
Cognate with Old Frisian niār (“nearer”), Dutch naar (“to, towards”), German näher (“nearer”), Danish nær (“near, close”), Norwegian nær (“near, close”) Swedish nära (“near, close”). See also nigh.
Near appears to be derived from (or at the very least influenced by) the North Germanic languages; compare Danish nær (“near, close”), Norwegian nær (“near, close”) Swedish nära (“near, close”), as opposed to nigh, which continues the inherited West Germanic adjective, like Dutch na (“close, near”), German nah (“close, near, nearby”), Luxembourgish no (“nearby, near, close”). Both, however, are ultimately derived from the same Proto-Germanic root: *nēhw (“near, close”).

cog

At or towards a position close in space or time.

قَرِيبًا

at or towards a position close in space or time

He was near unconscious when I found him.

I jumped into the near-freezing water.

I near ruptured myself trying to move the piano.

[…] he hears for certain that the Queen-Mother is about and hath near finished a peace with France […]

1666, Samuel Pepys, Diary and Correspondence, published 1867:

Sir John Friend had very near completed a regiment of horse.

1825, David Hume, Tobias George Smollett, The History of England, page 263:

Peter ran after them as fast as his legs would carry him, but at last he had only one of the hares left, and when this was gone, he was very near burst with running.

1886, Peter Christen Asbjørnsen, translated by H.L. Brækstad, Folk and Fairy Tales, page 169:

Thinking about those pounds and pence, I near forgot my wound.

2003, Owen Parry, Honor's Kingdom, page 365:

"I damn near forgot." He pulled an envelope from his jacket.

2004, Jimmy Buffett, A Salty Piece of Land, page 315:

The fire was almost dead, the chamber near dark.

2006, Juliet Marillier, The Dark Mirror, page 377:


c

Various abbreviations
# (stenoscript) Abbreviation of see and inflections sees, seen, seeing.
#: exception: saw is written s
# (stenoscript) the consonant /tʃ/
# (stenoscript) the sound sequence /siː/


forever

/fəˈɹɛvə(ɹ)/

From Middle English for ever, for evere. By surface analysis, for + ever.

I shall love you forever.

Secondly, When a body is once in motion it will continue to move forever, unless something stops it. When a ball is struck on the surface of the earth, the friction of the earth and the resistance of the air soon stop its motion.

1839, Denison Olmsted, A Compendium of Astronomy, page 95:

If you want a picture of the future, imagine a boot stamping on a human face &emdash; for ever.

1949, George Orwell, Nineteen Eighty-Four:

(duration) For all time, for all eternity; for a lifetime; for an infinite amount of time.

ለዘለዓለም

for all time, for all eternity; for an infinite amount of time

για πάντα (gia pánta, literally “for always”)

We had to wait forever to get inside.

That was forever ago.

She and Serena had been friends forever. Or nearly forever: forty-two years, beginning with Miss Kimmel's first grade.

1988, Anne Tyler, chapter 1, in Breathing Lessons:

Anything in the world of transport takes forever to do, and costs far too much.

2024 February 7, Lee Waters tells Conrad Landin, “A mission to improve transport for Wales”, in RAIL, number 1002, page 35:

(duration, colloquial, hyperbolic) For a very long time, a seeming eternity.

eeuwig

(colloquially) for an excessively long time

You are forever nagging me.

Early in his boyhood he had learned to form ropes by twisting and tying long grasses together, and with these he was forever tripping Tublat or attempting to hang him from some overhanging branch.

1912 October, Edgar Rice Burroughs, “Tarzan of the Apes”, in The All-Story, New York, N.Y.: Frank A. Munsey Co., →OCLC; republished as chapter 5, in Tarzan of the Apes, New York, N.Y.: A. L. Burt Company, 1914 June, →OCLC:


full

From Middle English ful, from Old English full (“full”), from Proto-West Germanic *full, from Proto-Germanic *fullaz (“full”), from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós (“full”).
Germanic cognates include West Frisian fol, Low German vull, Dutch vol, German voll, Danish fuld, and Norwegian and Swedish full (the latter three via Old Norse). Proto-Indo-European cognates include English plenty (via Latin, compare plēnus), Welsh llawn, Russian по́лный (pólnyj), Lithuanian pilnas, Persian پر (por), Sanskrit पूर्ण (pūrṇá).
See also fele and Scots fou. For the "drunk, intoxicated" sense, compare also Swedish full and other Scandinavian languages.

fool (accents with FOOT-GOOSE merger or full-fool merger)

Prospero:
I have done nothing but in care of thee,
Of thee, my dear one, thee, my daughter, who
Art ignorant of what thou art; naught knowing
Of whence I am, nor that I am more better
Than Prospero, master of a full poor cell,
And thy no greater father.

1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]:

[…] full in the centre of the sacred wood

1697, Virgil, translated by John Dryden, The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:

You know full well what makes me look so pale.

1819, John Keats, Otho the Great, act IV, scene I, verse 112:

This cupboard[…]
 this other one,
 His true wife's charge, full oft to their abode
 Yielded for daily bread the martyr's stone,

1880, Dante Gabriel Rosetti, William Blake, lines 9–12:

It is full strange to him who hears and feels,
 When wandering there in some deserted street,
 The booming and the jar of ponderous wheels,[…]

1874, James Thomson, The City of Dreadful Night, section IX:

I turned my head, and as I lay gasping in the throes of that awful struggle I could see that Leo was off the rock now, for the lamplight fell full upon him.

1886 October – 1887 January, H[enry] Rider Haggard, She: A History of Adventure, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., published 1887, →OCLC:

Serene, smiling, enigmatic, she faced him with no fear whatever showing in her dark eyes.[…]She put back a truant curl from her forehead where it had sought egress to the world, and looked him full in the face now,[…].

1910, Emerson Hough, chapter I, in The Purchase Price: Or The Cause of Compromise, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:

(archaic) Fully; quite; very; thoroughly; completely; exactly; entirely.


live

en-adv

live (comparative more live, superlative most live)

more live (comparative)
most live (superlative)

The concert was broadcast live by radio.

Of an event, as it happens; in real time; direct.

He'll be appearing live at the auditorium.

Of making a performance or speech, in person.


short

From Middle English schort, short, from Old English sċeort, sċort (“short”), from Proto-West Germanic *skurt, from Proto-Germanic *skurtaz (“short”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-.
Cognates
shirt, skirt, curt, Scots short, schort (“short”), French court, Dutch kort, German kurz, Old High German scurz (“short”) (whence Middle High German schurz), Old Norse skorta (“to lack”) (whence Danish skorte), Albanian shkurt (“short, brief”), Latin curtus (“shortened, incomplete”) and Proto-Slavic *kortъkъ. Doublet of curt. More at shirt.

They had to stop short to avoid hitting the dog in the street.

He cut me short repeatedly in the meeting.

The boss got a message and cut the meeting short.

The recent developments at work caught them short.

His speech fell short of what was expected.

Without achieving a goal or requirement.

(cricket, of the manner of bounce of a cricket ball) Relatively far from the batsman and hence bouncing higher than normal; opposite of full.

We went short most finance companies in July.

(finance) With a negative ownership position.

lyhyt

finance: with a negative ownership position


evil

evil (comparative more evil, superlative most evil)

more evil (comparative)
most evil (superlative)

From Middle English yvel, evel, ivel, uvel, from Old English yfele (“badly, evilly”), a derivative of the adjective yfel (“bad, evil”). Often reinterpreted as the noun in the later language (as in "to speak evil").

O what of Gods then boots it to be borne, / If old Aveugles ſonnes ſo euill heare?

1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], part I (books I–III), London: […] [Richard Field] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza ii, page 66:

(obsolete) wickedly, evilly, iniquitously

And many ſhall follow their pernicious wayes, by reaſon of whom the way of trueth ſhall be euill ſpoken of:

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 2 Peter 2:2:

(obsolete) injuriously, harmfully; in a damaging way.

It went evil with him.

But (as the Poet ſaith) Malè ſarta gratia, nequicquam coit, & reſcinditur: Friendſhip, that is but euill peeced, will not ioine cloſe, but falleth aſunder againe:

1570, William Lambard, quoting Horace, A Perambulation of Kent, published 1596, page 341:

(obsolete) badly, poorly; in an insufficient way.


start

start (comparative more start, superlative most start)

more start (comparative)
most start (superlative)

Col.—The age has no sense—the people are start mad—as mad as a March mare. We should have fine times, indeed if our laws did'nt compel the poor people to protect the property of the rich.

1828 August 22, “Militia System”, in The New England Farmer, volume VII, Boston, M.A.: John B. Russell, published 1829, page 40, column 1:

(dialectal, archaic) Completely, utterly.


locally

locally (comparative more locally, superlative most locally)

more locally (comparative)
most locally (superlative)

These things are locally separated.

We live locally.

In this shop we only sell products farmed locally.

To be applied locally

(medicine) In a restricted part of the body.

locally Euclidean

mathematical analysis
mathematical analysis

(mathematics, mathematical analysis) Within a sufficiently small sphere (or circle or interval) around a given point (sometimes, around any point).


unwisely

unwisely (comparative more unwisely, superlative most unwisely)

more unwisely (comparative)
most unwisely (superlative)

From Middle English vnwysely, vnwisely, vnwyseliche, from Old English unwīslīċe (“unwisely, foolish”), equivalent to un- + wisely.

inh

The scope of the new upgrade isn't just restricted to the station and junction. It has involved more than simply putting back what was unwisely taken away.

2024 May 1, Tom Ingall, “Hope springs eternal for better services”, in RAIL, number 1008, page 52:


stone

From Middle English ston, stone, stan, from Old English stān, from Proto-West Germanic *stain, from Proto-Germanic *stainaz, from Proto-Indo-European *steyh₂- (“to stiffen”).
See also West Frisian stien, Saterland Frisian Steen, Dutch steen, German Stein, Danish and Swedish sten, Norwegian stein; also Russian стена́ (stená, “wall”), Ancient Greek στία (stía, “pebble”), στέαρ (stéar, “tallow”), Albanian shtëng (“hardened or pressed matter”), Sanskrit स्त्यायते (styāyate, “it hardens”)). Doublet of stein.

cog

let he who is without sin cast the first stone

let him that is without sin cast the first stone

let him who is without sin cast the first stone

people who live in glass houses shouldn't throw stones

My father is stone deaf. This soup is stone cold.

As a stone (used with following adjective).

I went stone crazy after she left.

I said the medication made my vision temporarily blurry, it did not make me stone blind.

(slang) Absolutely, completely (used with following adjectives).


home

From Middle English hōm, from Old English hām, from Proto-West Germanic *haim, from Proto-Germanic *haimaz (“home, village”), from Proto-Indo-European *tḱóymos (“village, home”), from the root *tḱey-. Doublet of heyem.
cognates
Germanic cognates: see *haimaz.
Cognate with Irish caoimh (“dear”), Lithuanian kaimas (“village”), šeima (“family”), Albanian komb (“nation, people”), Old Church Slavonic сѣмь (sěmĭ, “seed”), Ancient Greek κώμη (kṓmē, “village”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱey- (“to lie”) (compare Hittite [script needed] (kittari, “it lies”), Ancient Greek κεῖμαι (keîmai, “to lie down”), Latin civis (“citizen”), Avestan 𐬯𐬀𐬉𐬙𐬈 (saēte, “he lies, rests”), Sanskrit शये (śáye, “he lies”)).

cog

go home

come home

carry someone home

He made no complaint of his ill-fortune, but only repeated in a quiet voice, with a pathos of which he was himself evidently unconscious, "I want to get home to Ninety-second Street, Philadelphia."

1863, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Our Old Home: A Series of English Sketches:

Athelstan Arundel walked home all the way, foaming and raging. No omnibus, cab, or conveyance ever built could contain a young man in such a rage. His mother lived at Pembridge Square, which is four good measured miles from Lincoln's Inn.

1892, Walter Besant, “Prologue: Who is Edmund Gray?”, in The Ivory Gate […], New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, […], →OCLC, page 16:

To one's place of residence or one's customary or official location.

She drove the nail home

ram a cartridge home

Wear thy good rapier bare, and put it home: […]

c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i]:

Eventually she managed to slide the lid of the pencil-box right home and the newt was hers. Then, on second thoughts, she opened the lid just the tiniest fraction so that the creature could breathe.

To the place where it belongs; to the end of a course; to the full length.

Click here to go home.

To one's home.
(Internet) To the home page.

1975-1976, Lou Sullivan, personal diary, quoted in 2019, Ellis Martin, Zach Ozma (editors), We Both Laughed In Pleasure
I'm certainly not the type to sit home waiting up for hubbie every night.

Everyone's gone to watch the game; there's nobody home.

I'm home!

At or in one's place of residence or one's customary or official location; at home.

1625, Francis Bacon, dedication to the Duke of Buckingham, in Essays Civil and Moral,
I do now publish my Essays; which of all my other works have been most current : for that, as it seems, they come home to men's business and bosoms.

How home the charge reaches us, has been made out by ẛhewing with what high impudence ẛome amongẛt us defend sin, […]

1692–1717, Robert South, Twelve Sermons Preached upon Several Occasions, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London:

Her treatment of you, you say, does no credit either to her education or fine sense. Very home put, truly!

1748, [Samuel Richardson], “Letter LXVII”, in Clarissa. Or, The History of a Young Lady: […], volume (please specify |volume=I to VII), London: […] S[amuel] Richardson; […], →OCLC:

To a full and intimate degree; to the heart of the matter; fully, directly.

2004, Tottenham 4-4 Leicester, BBC Sport: February,
Walker was penalised for a picking up a Gerry Taggart backpass and from the resulting free-kick, Keane fired home after Johnnie Jackson's initial effort was blocked.

sails sheeted home

(nautical) into the right, proper or stowed position


than

then (unstressed form, also for some speakers stressed form)

From Middle English than, thanne, from Old English þanne, a variant of þonne (“then, since, because”), from Proto-West Germanic *þan, from Proto-Germanic *þan (“at that, at that time, then”), from earlier *þam, from Proto-Indo-European *tóm, accusative masculine of *só (“demonstrative pronoun, that”).
Cognate with Dutch dan (“than”), German denn (“than”), German dann (“then”). Doublet of then.

inh

(now chiefly dialectal or a misspelling) At that time; then.


handsomely

en-adv

handsomely (comparative more handsomely, superlative most handsomely)

more handsomely (comparative)
most handsomely (superlative)

a handsomely brooding man

dress handsomely

I was handsomely rewarded for my part in tracking down the thief.

Koeman gets paid handsomely (and more or less the same amount) if he does the job, if he gets fired or if his contract gets renewed.

2021 September 22, Guillem Balagué, “Barcelona: The toxic battle ripping apart a European giant”, in BBC Sport:

Generously (especially with regards money).

Still, he tucked in handsomely to bacon and tomato on fried bread, felicitating himself on the considered wisdom of his arrival in the character of guest to Bradly.

1938, Norman Lindsay, Age of Consent, 1st Australian edition, Sydney, N.S.W.: Ure Smith, published 1962, →OCLC, page 73:

The through Moorgate service has been most handsomely speeded up, and suburban trains in both directions now run non-stop between Kings Cross (Underground) and Elstree.

1960 February, “The dieselised St. Pancras suburban service”, in Trains Illustrated, page 95:

(nautical) Carefully; in shipshape style; without undue haste.


wallah

From Arabic وَٱللّٰه (wal-lāh, literally “by God”).

der

may God be my witness
may God be my witness

(Islam) by God (Allah); may God be my witness. Used in making a solemn oath


astray

From Middle English astraien or by apheresis straien, from Old French estraier (“to stray”), from late Medieval Latin extravagari (“to wander beyond”), from Latin extra (“beyond”) + vagārī (“to wander, stray”).

Go, set the storm-winds free, / And sink their ships or scatter them astray, / And strew their corpses forth, to weltering waves a prey.

1907, Virgil, “1.X”, in Edward Fairfax Taylor, transl., The Æneid of Virgil, London: J. M. Dent & Sons Ltd.:

In a wrong or unknown and wrongly-motivated direction.


uphand

One hundred per cent penetration can be obtained by welding in a slight vertical weld uphand on metal up to eight gages.

1945, Industry and Welding - Volume 18, page 80:

It is made uphand, pushing the arc with the torch steeply inclined 15° to 20° to the pipe.

2013, Yong Zhou, Pipeline and Energy Plant Piping: Design and Technology, →ISBN, page 194:

As by a leaf to fling On the glass of wind Or up transparent leaf-sides over and over Uphand to swing Into the airy sockets of light And the broad plates tread like a bird Kissing light.

1951, Wake: The Creative Magazine - Issues 10-12, page 53:

...noise shifted uphand by the noise shaper) are responsible for the observed filter ripples and a notable roll-off of the ...

1992, High Fidelity News and Record Review:


quickly

en-adv

quickly (comparative quicklier or more quickly, superlative quickliest or most quickly)

quicklier (comparative)
more quickly (comparative)
quickliest (superlative)
most quickly (superlative)

From Middle English quykly, quikliche, quicliche, cwikliche, cwickliche, from Old English cwiculīċe, equivalent to quick + -ly.

If we go this way, we'll get there quickly.

Another Karadeniz cross led to Cudicini's first save of the night, with the Spurs keeper making up for a weak punch by brilliantly pushing away Christian Noboa's snap-shot.
Two more top-class stops followed quickly afterwards, first from Natcho's rasping shot which was heading into the top corner, and then to deny Ryazantsev at his near post.

2011 November 3, Chris Bevan, “Rubin Kazan 1 - 0 Tottenham”, in BBC Sport:


smack-dab

I tossed the water balloon and it landed smack-dab on the top of his head.

Things build and build, and it becomes clearer and clearer that a battle is about to take place. In “Stormborn,” a bang above deck is all the warning we get, and suddenly the Yara Greyjoy fleet is smack dab in the middle of Euron’s Iron Fleet, and the party begins.

2017 July 23, Brandon Nowalk, “The great game begins with a bang on Game Of Thrones (newbies)”, in The Onion AV Club:

(slang) Exactly in a place, especially the middle; directly; precisely; dead-center.


collect

From Middle English collecten, a borrowing from Old French collecter, from Medieval Latin collectare (“to collect money”), from Latin collecta (“a collection of money, in Late Latin a meeting, assemblage, in Medieval Latin a tax, also an assembly for prayer, a prayer”), feminine of collectus, past participle of colligere, conligere (“to gather together, collect, consider, conclude, infer”), from com- (“together”) + legere (“to gather”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *leǵ- (“to gather, collect”).

der

I had to call collect.


AKA

“This color is golden blonde in color and tone, with ‘10k gold lights’ that have a cool reflect for the perfect sparkle,” says celebrity hairstylist Matt Rez, who claims this will be the biggest hair color trend this fall (aka take notes).

2024 September 5, Beth Gillette, “24 Fall Hair Colors Every Celebrity Is Asking for Rn”, in Cosmopolitan:

(informal) Used to introduce an explanation or clarification: in other words, i.e.


dampishly

en-adv

dampishly (comparative more dampishly, superlative most dampishly)

more dampishly (comparative)
most dampishly (superlative)


EOD

(medicine) Initialism of every other day.


extreme

extreme (comparative more extreme, superlative most extreme)

more extreme (comparative)
most extreme (superlative)

Borrowed into late Middle English from Old French extreme, from Latin extrēmus, the superlative of exter.

In the empty and extreme cold theatre.

1796, Charles Burney, Memoirs of the Life and Writings of Metastasio, section 2.5:


queer

queer (not generally comparable, comparative more queer, superlative most queer)

more queer (comparative)
most queer (superlative)

Attested since about 1510, at first in Scots. Usually taken to be from Middle Low German (Brunswick dialect) queer (“oblique, off-center”) or the related German quer (“diagonal”), from Old Saxon thwerh, from Proto-West Germanic *þwerh, from Proto-Germanic *þwerhaz, from Proto-Indo-European *terkʷ- (“to turn, twist, wind”); compare Latin torqueō, and see more at thwart. The OED argues against this due to the semantic differences and the date at which the word appears in Scots.
Began to be used to describe gay people in the late 1800s, see usage notes for more.

der

Twas a queer bachram in the pub that night!

Ah, but she was the queer old skeowsha anyhow, Anna Livia, trinkettoes!”

Page 6: Tony: Yeah, he's a queer smily fecker, ain't he?
Page 14: Tony: I'll tell yeh one thing Conway he's trainin' queer hard for it!

1988, Billy Roche, A Handful of Stars, act I, pages 6, 14:


hence

A later Middle English spelling, retaining the voiceless -s, of hennes (henne + adverbial genitive ending -s), from Old English heonan (“away", "hence”), from a Proto-West Germanic *hin-, from Proto-Germanic *hiz, and Proto-Germanic *-anē.
Cognate with Old Saxon hinan, Old High German hinnan (German hinnen), Dutch heen, Swedish hän. Related to Old English her (“here”).

I'm going hence, because you have insulted me.

Get thee hence, Satan!

O Gertrude, come away: / The sun no ſooner ſhall the Mountaines touch, / But we will ſhip him hence,

c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i], page 272, column 1:

Ye men of Galilee! / Why stand ye looking up to heaven, where Him ye ne’er may see, / Neither ascending hence, nor returning hither again?

1849, Arthur Hugh Clough, Easter Day (Naples, 1849):

`Now leave me,' she said, `and sleep if ye may. I must watch and think, for to-morrow night we go hence, and the time is long since I trod the path that we must follow.'

1886 October – 1887 January, H[enry] Rider Haggard, She: A History of Adventure, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., published 1887, →OCLC:

(archaic) From here, from this place, away.

After a long battle, my poor daughter was taken hence.

(archaic, figuratively) From the living or from this world.

A year hence it will be forgotten.

[…]And now farewell / Till half an hour hence.

1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i]:

(of a length of time) In the future from now.

I shall go to Japan and hence will not be here in time for the party.

The purse is handmade and hence very expensive.

Hence that general is skillful in attack whose opponent does not know what to defend; and he is skillful in defense whose opponent does not know what to attack.

1910, Sun Tzu, Lionel Giles (translator), The Art of War, Section VI: Weak Points and Strong, 8

Hence it comes that all armed Prophets have been victorious, and all unarmed Prophets have been destroyed.

1910, [1513], Niccolò Machiavelli, chapter VI, in Ninian Hill Thomson, transl., The Prince:

That hence arises the peculiar Unhappiness of that Business, which other Callings are no way liable to;

1731 May 27, Benjamin Franklin, “Apology for Printers”, in The Pennsylvania Gazette:

(conjunctive) As a result; therefore, for this reason.


kata

en-adv

kata (comparative more kata, superlative most kata)

more kata (comparative)
most kata (superlative)

From Ancient Greek κατά (katá, “downwards”). Compare cata-.

Your right half would move ana, let us say, and your left half would move kata. The two halves would, in their parallel spaces, move past the plane of rotation, and then they would swing back into our space.

1985, Rudy von Bitter Rucker, The Fourth Dimension: A Guided Tour of the Higher Universes, page 43:

Added to the conventional FPS control keys are two extra keys that move the player in ana and kata direction in 4d space. If you go in this extra direction the space around you changes, the room transforms.

In a direction analogous to down, but along the additional axis added by the fourth dimension.


NSA

no strings attached
no strings attached#English


dummy

dummy (comparative more dummy, superlative most dummy)

more dummy (comparative)
most dummy (superlative)

It's dummy hot outside.


please

→ Bengali: প্লিজ (plij), প্লীজ (plij)

→ Finnish: pliis (colloquial)

→ Hindi: प्लीज़ (plīz) (urban, colloquial)

Short for if you please, an intransitive, ergative form taken from if it please you which is a calque of French s’il vous plaît, which replaced pray.

Please, pass the bread.

Would you please sign this form?

Could you tell me the time, please?

May I take your order, please?

(Michael): Yuri Andropov! What are you doing in my closet of anxieties again?
(Yuri): Uh, oh. This is not 1600 Pennsylvania Ave., Washington, D.C.?
(Michael): Does it look like it? You're in the wrong nightmare again!!
(Yuri): ★@#*!?! Soviet maps ... worth nothing! Give, please, directions to White House.

1983 July 10, Berkeley Breathed, Bloom County, spoken by Yuri Andropov:

الله يرحم يماك

ellāh yarḥam yimmāk, ellāh yirḥam yimmāk

no single translation exists in Icelandic

(suffixes complying with vowel harmony) -аарай (-aaraj)

—May I help you? —(Yes,) please.

Oh, please, do we have to hear that again?

So it's safe to let a 10-year-old use a gun? Please.

An expression of annoyance, impatience or exasperation.

nyt

in questions, colloquiai; after the verb and the subject

puh-lease

for the exaggerated way it is often pronounced as the expression of annoyance


due

due (comparative more due, superlative most due)

more due (comparative)
most due (superlative)

From Middle English dewe, dew, due, from Old French deü (“due”), past participle of devoir (“to owe”), from Latin dēbēre, present active infinitive of dēbeō (“I owe”), from dē- (“from”) + habeō (“I have”).

The river runs due north for about a mile.

(used with compass directions) Directly; exactly.

право

used with compass directions: directly or exactly


fast

fast (comparative faster, superlative fastest)

faster (comparative)
fastest (superlative)

From Middle English fast, fest, from Old English fæst (“firm, secure”), from Proto-West Germanic *fast, from Proto-Germanic *fastuz; see it for cognates and further etymology.
The development of “rapid” from an original sense of “secure” apparently happened first in the adverb and then transferred to the adjective; compare hard in expressions like “to run hard”. The original sense of “secure, firm” is now slightly archaic, but retained in the related fasten (“make secure”). Also compare close meaning change from Latin rapiō (“to snatch”) to Latin rapidus (“rapid, quick”), from Irish sciob (“to snatch”) to Irish sciobtha (“quick”).

Hold this rope as fast as you can.

Shylock:
[…]Do as I bid you; shut doors after you:
Fast bind, fast find;
A proverb never stale in thrifty mind.

c. 1596–1598 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene v]:

Nine hundred of the ſtrongeſt Men were employed to draw up theſe Cords by many Pulleys faſtned on the Poles, and thus, in leſs than three Hours, I was raiſed and flung into the Engine, and there tyed faſt.

1726 October 28, [Jonathan Swift], “The Author Gives Some Account of Himself and Family, His First Inducements to Travel. […]”, in Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World. […] [Gulliver’s Travels], volume I, London: […] Benj[amin] Motte, […], →OCLC, part I (A Voyage to Lilliput), page 20:

In a firm or secure manner, securely; in such a way as not to be moved; safe, sound .

He is fast asleep.

The horsemen came fast on our heels.

Fast by the sturdy batsman the ball unheeded sped. / That ain't my style, said Casey. Strike one, the umpire said.

Immediately following in place or time; close, very near .

Do it as fast as you can.

Faster than a speeding bit, the internet upended media and entertainment companies. Piracy soared, and sales of albums and films slid. Newspapers lost advertising and readers to websites. Stores selling books, CDs and DVDs went bust. Doomsayers predicted that consumers and advertisers would abandon pay-television en masse in favour of online alternatives.

2013 August 17, “Pennies streaming from heaven”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8849:

Quickly, with great speed; within a short time .

I think my watch is running fast.


downstairs

a földszinten

on the ground floor [UK] or first floor [US]

I have to walk downstairs to leave the building.

The lodger lives downstairs.

something wrong downstairs

(slang, euphemistic) Regarding the genitalia.


upstairs

upstairs (comparative further upstairs, superlative furthest upstairs)

further upstairs (comparative)
furthest upstairs (superlative)

I’ll take my shoes and put them away the next time I go upstairs.

I hate the people who live upstairs, and I especially hate their piano.

There was more dancing and singing up stairs, more wit and conversation below; all were at liberty, and all stayed late; and all talked so much of the happiness they had enjoyed, that Lady Anne felt herself exceedingly tempted to give another party before the season finally closed.

1838 (date written), L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XX, in Lady Anne Granard; or, Keeping up Appearances. […], volume I, London: Henry Colburn, […], published 1842, →OCLC, page 255:

In a large bedroom upstairs, the window of which was thickly curtained with a great woollen shawl lately discarded by the landlady, Mrs. Rolliver, were gathered on this evening nearly a dozen persons, all seeking vinous bliss; […]

1891, Thomas Hardy, chapter IV, in Tess of the d’Urbervilles: A Pure Woman Faithfully Presented […], volume I, London: James R[ipley] Osgood, McIlvaine and Co., […], →OCLC, phase the first (The Maiden), pages 40–41:

Marsha, let’s go upstairs!
Audio (US): (file)

2016, VOA Learning English (public domain)

On arrival at Birmingham New Street, I make my way upstairs to the mezzanine to get shots of an almost deserted concourse, polka-dotted with social distancing circles like some strange board-game.

2020 December 2, Paul Bigland, “My weirdest and wackiest Rover yet”, in Rail, page 68:

Up the stairs; on a higher floor or level.

наве́рх

up the stairs; on a higher floor or level

After Joe did a hula dance on the kitchen table, his friends wondered if he didn’t have a lot going on upstairs.

(informal) In heaven, especially with regard to where a deity might be found.


thrice

PIE word
 *tréyes
From Middle English thrice, thries (“three times, thrice; a third time; repeated three times”), from earlier thrī, thrīe (“three times, thrice; a third time”) (from Old English þriwa, þreowa) + -es (suffix forming adverbs of time, place, and manner) (from Old English -es (suffix forming adverbs)). The word is cognate with Old Frisian thria ("thrice"; > Saterland Frisian träie (“thrice”)), Middle Low German drîes (“thrice”), Middle High German drīes, drīs (“thrice”).

gloss

"thrice"; > Saterland Frisian <i class="Latn mention" lang="stq">träie</i> (“thrice”)

Thrice ore the caddow I mine armes outſpred: / Thrice did I fall, before I once could riſe: / Leaning vpon mine elbow for a reſt, / Nodding, I knockt my chin againſt my breſt. // Then ſigh’d, ſlipt downe, and twixt the ſheete and pillow / I nuzled in, joyn’d knees and chin together: / I dream’d I wore a garland of greene willow. / But ſnuffling low, I prickt me with a fether; / So wakt, the bolſter for my backe I choſe, / And yawning thrice, I rub’d mine eyes and roſe.

1601, Io[hn] Weeuer [i.e., John Weever], The Mirror of Martyrs, or The Life and Death of that Thrice Valiant Captaine, and Most Godly Martyre Sir Iohn Old-castle Knight Lord Cobham, [London]: Printed by V[alentine] S[immes] for William Wood, →OCLC:

The weyward Siſters, hand in hand, / Poſters of the Sea and Land, / Thus doe goe, about, about, / Thrice to thine, and thrice to mine, / And thrice againe, to make vp nine, / Peace, the Charme’s wound vp.

c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iii], page 132, column 1:

And the second time the cocke crew : and Peter called to minde the word that Jesus ſaid unto him, Before the cocke crow twiſe, thou ſhalt denie me thriſe. And when he thought thereon, he wept.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Mark 14:72:

How far might I have been on my way by this time! I am made to tread thoſe ſteps thrice over, which I needed not to have trod but once: Yea, now alſo I am like to be benighted, for the day is almoſt ſpent.

1678, John Bunyan, The Pilgrim’s Progress from This World, to That which is to Come: […], London: […] Nath[aniel] Ponder […], →OCLC, page 47:

Once, twice, thrice, I met Young Lubin on the Green, / once, twice, thrice, Young Lubin he met me, / the firſt time I beheld the Lad he made a humble bow, / I bluſh'd and hung my ſilly head and felt I don't know how, […]

[1805?], [James] Hook, Once, Twice, Thrice, Sung with Great Applause by Mrs. Bland at Vauxhall Gardens, London: Printed for J. Dale, […], →OCLC, stanza 1, pages 4–5:

Roger Wildrake, also, who had twice or thrice put to his eyes what remained of a kerchief, interested by the lady's evident distress, though unable to comprehend the mysterious cause, hastened to assist the divine in supporting so fair a burthen.

1826, [Walter Scott], chapter IV, in Woodstock; Or, The Cavalier. […], volume III, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green, →OCLC, page 107:

And then he [Bedivere] threw the sword into the water as far as he might, and there came an arm and a hand above the water, and met it and caught it, and so shook it thrice and brandished. And then the hand vanished away with the sword in the water.

1918, Thomas Malory, “The Sword Excalibur”, in William Patten, compiler, Heroes and Heroines of Chivalry (The Junior Classics; IV), New York, N.Y.: P[eter] F[enelon] Collier & Son Corporation, →OCLC, page 29:

Seven hours after giving birth […] Kate [Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge] gave the world a first glimpse of their third child, a new Prince of Cambridge. […] Minutes after the brief photocall, the couple headed home with William [the Duke of Cambridge] emerging with his son in a car seat and holding Kate’s hand. “Thrice the worry now,” a smiling William said, holding up three fingers.

2018 April 24, Richard Palmer, “Royal baby: ‘Thrice the worry now!’: Prince William captures the reality of parenthood”, in The Sunday Express, London, archived from the original on 2018-06-15:


twice

From earlier twise, from Middle English twies, twiȝes, from Old English twīġes (“twice”), from twīwa, twīġa ("twice"; whence Middle English twie (“twice”)) + -es (adverbial genitive ending). Related to Saterland Frisian twäie (“twice”), Middle Low German twiges, twies (“twice”), Middle High German zwies (“twice”). Compare also twi- meaning two or both.

"twice"; whence Middle English <i class="Latn mention" lang="enm">twie</i> (“twice”)

any day of the week and twice on Sundays

even a stopped clock is right twice a day

every day of the week and twice on Sundays

lightning does not strike twice in the same place

lightning doesn't strike twice in the same place

lightning never strikes twice in the same place

money won is twice as sweet as money earned

the candle that burns twice as bright burns half as long

You should brush your teeth twice a day.

I've done with my tirade. The world was gone; / The twice two thousand, for whom earth was made, / Were vanish'd to be what they call alone

1824, Lord Byron, “Canto the Thirteenth”, in Don Juan:

He could not be induced to remain permanently at Mohair because Miss Trevor was at Asquith, but he appropriated a Hempstead cart from the Mohair stables and made the trip sometimes twice in a day.

1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter V, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:

Santa Claus is coming to town / He’s making a list, / And checking it twice, / He’s gonna find out who’s naughty or nice / Santa Claus is coming to town

1934, J. Fred Coots, Haven Gillespie (lyrics and music), “Santa Claus Is Coming to Town”:

Thus it appears that if the machine is turning twice as slow as before, there is more than twice the former quantity in the rising buckets; and more will be raised in a minute by the same expenditure of power.

1826, John Nicholson, The Operative Mechanic, and British Machinist: Being a Practical Display of the Manufactories and Mechanical Arts of the United Kingdom, volume 1, H.C. Carey & I. Lea, page 78:

You can't get anything thinner than a spring shad, unless you take a couple of them, when, of course, they will be twice as thin.

1896, Livingston Stone, Domesticated Trout: How to Breed and Grow Them, 4th edition, page 304:

MARY: As you go from left to right, each example has twice as many twos; from right to left, twice as few.

1952, Peter Lincoln Spencer, Building mathematical concepts in the elementary school, page 139:

Both men and women with higher qualifications were twice as less likely to be unemployed than their less qualified counterparts.

1995, Louise Corti, Heather Laurie, Shirley Dex, Highly Qualified Women, Great Britain. Dept. of Employment, page 18:

(usually with "as", of a specified quality) Doubled in quantity, intensity, or degree.


better

From Middle English better, bettre, betre, from Old English betera (“better”), from Proto-West Germanic *batiʀō, from Proto-Germanic *batizô (“better”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰed-rós, from *bʰed- (“good”).
Cognate with Sanskrit भद्र (bhadrá, “blessed, fortunate, happy, good”) (from *bʰn̥d-ró-s). For Germanic cognates: see Proto-Germanic *batizô. Related to best and battle (“getting better, improving, fruitful, fertile”). Compare also Icelandic batna (“to improve”), bót (“improvement”), German besser. More at batten, boot.
Persian بهتر (behtar) is a false cognate.

cog

[ˈbɛtʰɚ~ˈbɛθ̠ɚ~ˈbɛt̪ɚ]

[ˈbɛʔɚ~ˈbɛʔəɾ]

The engine runs better now that I've given it some oil.

I could never better stead thee than now.[…]

c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iii]:

“I’ve had enough of cycling with you chaps. I can spend my Sundays better than in tormenting cats and quarrelling and fighting.”

1901, Louis Couperus, translated by Alexander Teixeira de Mattos, Small Souls:


accentually

In an accentual manner; in accordance with accent.


once

From Middle English ones, from Old English ānes, a remodelling (after ān (“one”)) of ǣnes, itself an extension of ǣne (“once”) with the genitival suffix -es. Compare Old Saxon ēnes (“once”), Old High German eines, einēst (“once”), modern German einst (“once”). More at one (including regarding the development of the pronunciation) and -s.

I have only once eaten pizza.

He was once the most handsome man around.

I once had a bicycle just like that one.

Wang notes that flowers have rooted and grow in the area once covered with ice.

Orion hit a rabbit once; but though sore wounded it got to the bury, and, struggling in, the arrow caught the side of the hole and was drawn out. Indeed, a nail filed sharp is not of much avail as an arrowhead; you must have it barbed, and that was a little beyond our skill. Ikey the blacksmith had forged us a spearhead after a sketch from a picture of a Greek warrior; and a rake-handle served as a shaft.

1879, R[ichard] J[efferies], chapter II, in The Amateur Poacher, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], →OCLC:

The hovel stood in the centre of what had once been a vegetable garden, but was now a patch of rank weeds. Surrounding this, almost like a zareba, was an irregular ring of gorse and brambles, an unclaimed vestige of the original common.

1944, Miles Burton, chapter 5, in The Three Corpse Trick:

Now we are liberal with our innermost secrets, spraying them into the public ether with a generosity our forebears could not have imagined. Where we once sent love letters in a sealed envelope, or stuck photographs of our children in a family album, now such private material is despatched to servers and clouds operated by people we don't know and will never meet.

2013 June 14, Jonathan Freedland, “Obama's once hip brand is now tainted”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 1, page 18:

(temporal location) Formerly; during some period in the past.

The wisdom of God thought fit to acquaint David with that court which we shall once govern.

1612–1626, [Joseph Hall], “(please specify the page)”, in [Contemplations vpon the Principall Passages of the Holy Storie], volume (please specify |volume=II, V, or VI), London, →OCLC:

If the facts once became known, we'd be in trouble.

Once three is three.

(mathematics) Multiplied by one: indicating that a number is multiplied by one.


accelerando

/æksɛləˈɹændəʊ/

Borrowed from Italian accelerando, from Latin accelero.

(music) With a gradual increase in speed.


without

From Middle English withoute, withouten, from Old English wiþūtan (literally “against the outside of”). Compare Dutch buiten (“outside of, without”), Danish uden (“without”), Swedish utan (“without”), Norwegian uten (“without”). By surface analysis, with- + out.

inh

Macbeth: There's blood upon your face
Murderer: 'tis Banquo's then
Macbeth: 'tis better thee without then he within.

c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, and the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):

And as each and all of them were warmed without by the sun, so each had a private little sun for her soul to bask in; some dream, some affection, some hobby, at least some remote and distant hope which, though perhaps starving to nothing, still lived on, as hopes will.

1891, Thomas Hardy, Tess of the d'Urbervilles, volume 1, London: James R. Osgood, McIlvaine and Co., page 18:

Strange silence here: without, the sounding street
Heralds the world's swift passage to the fire

1900, Ernest Dowson, Benedictio Domini, lines 13–14:

I knew that someone had entered the house cautiously from without.

1904, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Adventure of the Golden Pince-Nez, Norton, published 2005, page 1100:

The feeling seemed to come not from without, but from within each body, as though every person had become a vibrating string.

2016, Liu Cixin, translated by Ken Liu, Death's End, Tor, translation of 死神永生, →ISBN, page 236:

Brainiac: This earthquake is quite literally worldwide.
Alex Danvers: But the seismic activity [isn't] coming from within the planet, it's coming from without.

2019 December 8, Supergirl (TV series), season 5, episode 8, "Crisis on Infinite Earths"

(archaic or literary) Outside, externally.

Being from a large, poor family, he learned to live without.

We've run out of bread; you'll have to do without until I can get to the bakeshop on Monday.

“What's within reason?” “Hand-job, blow-job, full sex — straight, full service. Greek, maybe, if you're not too big. Golden shower, if you like, but not reverse. No hardsports. And absolutely nothing without.”

2012, Maxim Jakubowski, The Best British Crime Omnibus:

(prostitution, euphemistic) Without a condom being worn.


natural

en-adv

natural (comparative more natural, superlative most natural)

more natural (comparative)
most natural (superlative)

/ˈnæt͡ʃ(ə)ɹəl/

From Middle English natural, borrowed from Old French natural, naturel, from Latin nātūrālis, from nātus, the perfect participle of nāscor (“be born”, verb). Displaced native Old English ġecynde. By surface analysis, nature + -al.

Dr. Watson, on the other hand, spoke natural.

2002, Daniel Shields, I Know Where the Horses Play, iUniverse, page 64:

"If the doctor hadn't been sure she was strangled you'd have sworn she died natural."

2005, Leo Bruce, Jack on the Gallows Tree: A Carolus Deene Mystery, Chicago: Chicago Review Press, page 124:

(colloquial, dialect) Naturally; in a natural manner.


daily

From Middle English dayly, from Old English *dæġlīċe (found only as dæġhwāmlīċe), equivalent to day + -ly.


never

From Middle English nevere, navere, nævere, from Old English nǣfre (“never”), equivalent to ne + ever.

a smooth sea never made a skilled sailor

never ask the barber if you need a haircut

never put off until tomorrow what you can do today

the course of true love never did run smooth

the wolf may lose his teeth but never his nature

you never know what you've got till it's gone

you never miss the water till the well runs dry

you never miss the water until the well runs dry

Why should I love this Gentleman? Tis odds / He never will affect me;

1613–1614 (date written), John Fletcher, William Shak[e]speare, The Two Noble Kinsmen: […], London: […] Tho[mas] Cotes, for Iohn Waterson; […], published 1634, →OCLC, Act I, scene ii, page 4:

In the old days, to my commonplace and unobserving mind, he gave no evidences of genius whatsoever. He never read me any of his manuscripts, […], and therefore my lack of detection of his promise may in some degree be pardoned.

1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter I, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:

1908, Lucy Maud Montgomery, Anne of Green Gables, Chapter XXI: A New Departure in Flavorings,
"I never thought you were so fond of Mr. Phillips that you'd require two handkerchiefs to dry your tears just because he was going away," said Marilla.

Never speak of the symptoms of your patient in his presence, unless questioned by the doctor, whose orders you are always to obey implicitly.

1919, B. G. Jefferis, J. L. Nichols, Searchlights on Health: Sensible Rules for the Nurse:

"You don't believe the Soviet Union is going to reduce its defense budget, do you?" Boggs asked.
Premier Chou didn't wait for the translator to finish. "Never, never, never," he replied in perfect English.

1980, Gerald Ford, “Boyhood—and Beyond”, in A Time to Heal, New York: Berkley Books, →ISBN, page 95:

I finally finished, and I never want to do that again.

I repeated the test a hundred times, and never saw a positive result.

I will never tell.

At no time; on no occasion; in no circumstance.

biken biskoazh james

when talking in the future;when talking in the past

ни́кога (níkoga) (not to be used with past simple tense)

ни́вга (nívga) (not to be used with past simple tense)

така и (taka i) (not to be used with future tenses)

There is no jewel, be it of never so rich a price, which I set before this jewel: I mean your love.

1601 November 30, Elizabeth I of England, Elizabeth I's Farewell Speech:

"He is just what a young man ought to be," said she, "sensible, good-humoured, lively; and I never saw such happy manners!--so much ease, with such perfect good breeding!"

1813 January 27, [Jane Austen], Pride and Prejudice: […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: […] [George Sidney] for T[homas] Egerton, […], →OCLC:

1908, Lucy Maud Montgomery, Anne of Green Gables, Chapter XIII: The Delights of Anticipation,
I never saw such an infatuated man.

Not at any other time; not on any other occasion; not previously.

The police say I stole the car, but I never did it.

You said you were going to mow the lawn today. – I never!

"You're never going to break in?"
"This instant, if you'll, help me; in five or ten minutes, if you won't."

1905, E. W. Horning, A Thief in the Night:

Well I looked at Jay and I said "hey, did you hear what I just heard?"
He nodded his head and his face turned red and he never said a word

1976, “C.B. Savage”, performed by Rod Hart:

(colloquial) Negative particle (used to negate verbs in the simple past tense; also used absolutely).


jauntily

jauntily (comparative more jauntily, superlative most jauntily)

more jauntily (comparative)
most jauntily (superlative)

[He] walked quite jauntily across the courtyard to the distant door, his sandals clacking against the marble.

1966, James Workman, The Mad Emperor, Melbourne, Sydney: Scripts, page 52:

In an ostentatiously self-confident manner.

leuhkasti

in an ostentatiously self-confident manner


generically

generically (comparative more generically, superlative most generically)

more generically (comparative)
most generically (superlative)

an animal generically distinct from another


laughingly

laughingly (comparative more laughingly, superlative most laughingly)

more laughingly (comparative)
most laughingly (superlative)

From Middle English laughynglie, leiȝingly, equivalent to laughing + -ly.


laudably

laudably (comparative more laudably, superlative most laudably)

more laudably (comparative)
most laudably (superlative)


crazy

crazy (comparative more crazy, superlative most crazy)

more crazy (comparative)
most crazy (superlative)

That trick was crazy good.

I'm flat out. It's crazy stupid here, Kim.

2002, Gina Riley, Jane Turner, That's Unusual: Scripts from Kath and Kim, Series 2, page 67:


lief

lief (comparative liefer or liever, superlative liefest)

liefer (comparative)
liever (comparative)
liefest (superlative)

From Middle English lef, leve, leef, from Old English lēof, from Proto-West Germanic *leub, from Proto-Germanic *leubaz.
Cognate with Saterland Frisian ljo, ljoo, West Frisian leaf, Dutch lief, German Low German leev, German lieb, Swedish and Norwegian Nynorsk ljuv, Gothic 𐌻𐌹𐌿𐍆𐍃 (liufs), Russian любо́вь (ljubóvʹ), Polish luby.
For the adverb, compare German lieber, Dutch liever (“preferably, rather”).

I'd as lief have one as t'other.

1. Gent. And thou the Veluet; thou art good veluet;
thou'rt a three pild-peece I warrant thee: I had as liefe
be a Lyst of an English Kersey, as be pil'd, as thou art
pil'd, for a French Veluet. [...]

c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Measure for Measure”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]:

As far as physiognomy goes, the winners protest that they would as lief have foregone the double points, and the money.

1826, Thomas Byerly, John Timbs, The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction:

these great masters of the art, who would far liefer see us little ones practice it, than themselves engage [...].

1869, RD Blackmoore, Lorna Doone, section II:

Since sware the Parcæ unto me, their friend, / they shall adore my name, my favour prize; / and, as their feats of armèd prowess shend / all feats of rival Rome, I lief devise / some mode of aidance in what things I may, / far as our force o'er man extendeth sway.

1880, Richard Francis Burton, Os Lusíadas, volume II, page 339:

I'd as lief put on my hat and cane and help you if you think they'll be too heavy.

1902, Josephine Spenser, Corner in Chrysanthemums:


thence

From Middle English þennes, from þenne + -es (“adverbial ending”), the former from þanan, þanona, from Proto-West Germanic *þananā. Cognate with Westphalian Low German diëne.

I came thence.

Cross fix at 6000 feet, thence descend to 3000 feet and fly direct to MAP (missed approach point).

And from thence he went agaynſt yͤ inhabiters of Debir (but Debir was called Kiriath Sepher afoꝛetyme.)

1535 October 14 (Gregorian calendar), Myles Coverdale, transl., Biblia: The Byble, […] (Coverdale Bible), [Cologne or Marburg]: [Eucharius Cervicornus and Johannes Soter?], →OCLC, Judges j:[3], folio xiij, recto, column 2:

Miranda: O the heauens, / What fowle play had we, that we came from thence? / Or bleſſed was't we did?
Prospero: Both, both my Girle. / By fowle-play (as thou ſayſt) were we heau'd thence, / But bleſſedly holpe hither.

1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii], page 2:

From this we can find the characteristic roots b_1 and b_2 and thence proceed to the remaining steps of the solution process.

2005, Alpha Chiang and Kevin Wainwright, Fundamental Methods of Mathematical Economics (4th ed.), McGraw-Hill International, p. 605

(formal) From there, from that place or from that time.

(literary) Deriving from this fact or circumstance; therefore, therefrom.

(archaic) From that time; thenceforth; thereafter


kosher

From Yiddish כּשר (kosher), from Hebrew כָּשֵׁר (kashér).

Just like eating halal is not a choice for our Muslim brothers and sisters, for us, eating kosher is not voluntary; it’s who we are and as necessary as the oxygen we need for sustenance.

2020 August 20, Eliezer Brand, “ICE is forcing Muslims to eat pork. My fellow Orthodox Jews: This is our fight!”, in The Forward:

In a kosher manner; in accordance with kashrut.


accusingly

accusingly (comparative more accusingly, superlative most accusingly)

more accusingly (comparative)
most accusingly (superlative)


omega

From Middle English, from Ancient Greek ὦ μέγα (ô méga), meaning “great ω” (omega is a long vowel in Ancient Greek).

Whatever your plan is, I just think this idea's omega stupid. Ain't you got something better?

(slang, largely prepositive) Ultimately, most, supremely.


accustomably

accustomably (comparative more accustomably, superlative most accustomably)

more accustomably (comparative)
most accustomably (superlative)

The third principal matter wherewith in his prayers he was occupied was, to pray for the preservation of the queen's Majesty that now is; whom in his prayer accustomably he was wont to name

1552, Hugh Latimer, Certain Sermons Made by the Right Reverend Father in God Master Doctor Latimer, before the Right Virtuous and Honourable Lady, Katherine, Duchess of Suffolk, in the Year of Our Lord 1552.:

According to custom; ordinarily; customarily.


accustomarily

accustomarily (comparative more accustomarily, superlative most accustomarily)

more accustomarily (comparative)
most accustomarily (superlative)

əkŭstəmârəlē


worldly

worldly (comparative more worldly, superlative most worldly)

more worldly (comparative)
most worldly (superlative)

From Middle English worldly, worldliche, wordly (adverb), from Old English woroldlīċe, weoroldlīċe; equivalent to world + -ly (adverbial suffix).


simultaneously

The cradle-rocking and the song would cease simultaneously for a moment, and an exclamation at highest vocal pitch would take the place of the melody.

1891, Thomas Hardy, Tess of the d'Urbervilles, volume 1, London: James R. Osgood, McIlvaine and Co., page 29:

The hens woke up squawking with terror because they had all dreamed simultaneously of hearing a gun go off in the distance.

1943 November – 1944 February (date written; published 1945 August 17), George Orwell [pseudonym; Eric Arthur Blair], Animal Farm […], London: Secker & Warburg, published May 1962, →OCLC:

Hidden behind thickets of acronyms and gorse bushes of detail, a new great game is under way across the globe. Some call it geoeconomics, but it's geopolitics too. The current power play consists of an extraordinary range of countries simultaneously sitting down to negotiate big free trade and investment agreements.

2013 July 19, Timothy Garton Ash, “Where Dr Pangloss meets Machiavelli”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 6, page 18:


accountably

accountably (comparative more accountably, superlative most accountably)

more accountably (comparative)
most accountably (superlative)


am

On 1 August 2014 at approximately 12 am, in Lingya and Chienchen Districts of Kaohsiung City, a series of explosions from underground pipelines and sewer system occurred.

2017, Huei-Ru Hsieh et al., “Lessons Learned from the 0801 Petrochemical Pipeline Explosions in Kaohsiung City”, in Fire Science and Technology 2015: The Proceedings of 10th Asia-Oceania Symposium on Fire Science and Technology, →DOI, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 183:


whence

From Middle English whennes, from Old English hwanon (with adverbial genitive -s), related to hwonne (whence when). Analyzable as when + -s.

Whence came I?

"Pork" comes from French, whence we get most of our modern cooking terms.

Go to whence you came!

Ieſus anſwered, and ſaid vnto them, Though I beare record of my ſelfe, yet my record is true: for I know whence I came, and whither I goe: but ye cannot tell whence I come, and whither I goe.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, John 8:14, column 1:

I could plainly diſcover from whence one Family derives a long Chin; why a ſecond hath abounded with Knaves for two Generations, and Fools for two more; why a third happened to be crack-brained, and a fourth to be Sharpers.

1726 October 28, [Jonathan Swift], “A Further Account of Glubbdubdrib. […]”, in Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World. […] [Gulliver’s Travels], volume II, London: […] Benj[amin] Motte, […], →OCLC, part III (A Voyage to Laputa, Balnibarbi, Glubbdubdribb, Luggnagg, and Japan), page 108:

Whence, I often asked myself, did the principle of life proceed?

1816 June – 1817 April/May (date written), [Mary Shelley], chapter III, in Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus. […], volume I, London: […] [Macdonald and Son] for Lackington, Hughes, Harding, Mavor, & Jones, published 1 January 1818, →OCLC, pages 81–82:

[W]hat greatly encouraged me, it was in an opposite direction from that whence the blind man had made his appearance, and whither he had presumably returned.

1881–1882, Robert Louis Stevenson, “The Sea Chest”, in Treasure Island, London; Paris: Cassell & Company, published 14 November 1883, →OCLC, part I (The Old Buccaneer), page 29:

O suitably-attired-in-leather-boots
Head of a traveller, wherefore seeking whom
Whence by what way how purposed art thou come
To this well-nightingaled vicinity?

1883, A. E. Housman, Fragment of a Greek Tragedy:

[…]But when I had bestridden the plank, quoth I to myself, "Thou deservest all that betideth thee. All this is decreed to me of Allah (whose name be exalted!), to turn me from my greed of gain, whence ariseth all that I endure, for I have wealth galore."

1885, Richard F[rancis] Burton, transl. and editor, “The Seventh Voyage of Sindbad the Seaman”, in A Plain and Literal Translation of the Arabian Nights’ Entertainments, now Entituled The Book of the Thousand Nights and a Night […], Shammar edition, volume VI, [London]: […] Burton Club […], →OCLC, page 71:

At first I could not tell what this new sound was, nor whence it came, and now it seemed a little noise close by, and now a great noise in the distance. And then it grew nearer and more defined, and in a moment I knew it was the sound of voices talking.

[1898], J[ohn] Meade Falkner, “A Discovery”, in Moonfleet, London; Toronto, Ont.: Jonathan Cape, published 1934, →OCLC, page 47:

They swore all the gold should go back
Deep into the earth whence it came.

1936, Robert Frost, “The Vindictives”, in A Further Range:

(archaic, formal or literary) From where; from which place or source.


mega

mega (comparative more mega, superlative most mega)

more mega (comparative)
most mega (superlative)

From the prefix mega-, from Ancient Greek μέγας (mégas, “great, large, mighty”).

der

mega-fun; mega rich


Can I come 2?

(text messaging, informal, eye dialect) Abbreviation of too.


briskly

en-adv

briskly (comparative more briskly, superlative most briskly)

more briskly (comparative)
most briskly (superlative)

`Now,' she said briksly, `you've heard all about the business. What type of personal service have you got in mind?'

1965, James Holledge, What Makes a Call Girl?, London: Horwitz Publications, page 82:

As Ferguson strode briskly towards the Stretford End at the final whistle, he will have been reflecting on the extent of the challenge now facing him from the club he once branded "noisy neighbours".

2011 October 23, Phil McNulty, “Man Utd 1 - 6 Man City”, in BBC Sport:


der

Nonstandard spelling of there, reflecting any of a variety of accents with th-stopping.


slash

Originally a verb of uncertain etymology. Possibly from French esclachier (“to break”). Used in the Wycliffe Bible as slascht (see 1 Kings 5:18) but otherwise unattested until 16th century. Conjunctive use from various applications of the punctuation mark ⟨/⟩. See also slash fiction.

Used to note the sound or action of a slash.


friendly

friendly (comparative more friendly, superlative most friendly)

more friendly (comparative)
most friendly (superlative)

From Middle English frendly, frendliche, from Old English frēondlīċe (“in a friendly manner”), equivalent to friend + -ly.

inh

And looke we friendly on them when they come:
But if they offer word or violence,
Weele fight fiue hundred men at armes to one,
Before we part with our poſſeſſion: […]

c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire, London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act I, scene ii:

And we cannot doubt, our Brothers in Physick [...] will friendly accept, if not countenance our endeavours.

1646, Thomas Browne, Pseudodoxia Epidemica:


online

He works online.

Well, things are getting pretty serious right now. I mean, we chat online for, like, two hours every day so I guess you could say things are gettin' pretty serious.

2004, Jared Hess, Jerusha Hess, Napoleon Dynamite (motion picture), spoken by Kip (Aaron Ruell):

While online; while in a running or active state, or connected to the Internet.


ne

From Middle English ne, from Old English ne, from Proto-West Germanic *ne, from Proto-Germanic *ne, from Proto-Indo-European *ne.
Cognates include Gothic 𐌽𐌹 (ni), Latin nē, Sanskrit न (na), Bulgarian, Serbo-Croatian and Russian не (ne), Lithuanian ne, Irish ní.

For she ne dare doo, but to commande.

And whan the good quene herde these pyteous tydynges lytel lacked that the ne dyed for sorowe / wherfore all lamentably the began to complayne her sayenge.

1512, Robert Copland, The History of Helyas, Knight of The Swan:

This shold haue bene his skuce at the lest / And it ne had bene but good & honest.

O so incessaunt thow ad in thy desyre / For so that thow thy mynde now mayst haue / Thow ne caryst what thow dost requyre.

For he ne had, nor could increase his line.

In geving me to him whom I ne can, ne may, ne ought to love.

1562, Arthur Brooke, The Tragical History of Romeus and Juliet:

Mary (quoth the king) so might me mine, ne haddest thou been Earle Godwine: casting in his dish the murder of his brother Alfred, which was done to death at Elie by the Counsell of Godwine.

1576, William Lambarde, A perambulation of Kent:

Ne durst again his fieri face out-show.

1579, Immeritô [pseudonym; Edmund Spenser], The Shepheardes Calender: […], London: […] Hugh Singleton, […], →OCLC:

Ioc: How can that be and thou my ioy in warre? Po: Henceforth n'am I your ioy ne yet your sonne.

1587, George Gascoigne, Francis Kinwelmershe, Jocasta:

What happs might chance me I ne knewe.

c. 1590, William Fowler, The Works of William Fowler:

His forces faile, ne can no lenger fight.

1590, Edmund Spenser, “(please specify the book)”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:

As when a ship, that flyes faire vnder saile, / An hidden rocke escaped hath vnwares, / That lay in waite her wrack for to bewaile, / The Marriner yet halfe amazed stares / At perill past, and yet it doubt ne dares / To ioy at his foole-happie ouersight.

And now sweete death most welcome vnto mee, thy stroakes ne can, ne shall me once dismay.

1591, John Phillip, A Commemoration on the Life and Death of the Right Honourable, Sir Christopher Hatton:

And twenty thousand infants that ne wot the right hand from the left.

1592, Robert Greene, A Looking Glass for London:

But when he spoke, his plenteous words did flow / Like to thick-falling flakes of winter snow, / Ne any couth his wit so hiely straine.

1607, Thomas Walkington, The Optick Glasse of Humors:

Now, siker ( Wernocke ) thou hast split the marke / Albe that I ne wot I han mis-song: / But, for I am so yong, I dread my warke / Woll be misualued both of old and yong.

1614, John Davies of Hereford, Eclogue Between Young Willy the SInger of His Native Pastorals, and Old Wernocke His Friend:

Whilom in Albion's isle there dwelt a youth, / Who ne in virtue's ways did take delight [...].

1812, Lord Byron, Childe Harold's Pilgrimage, Canto I, 2: