See xaser in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"X-Strahl",
"X-Strahl#German"
],
[
"X",
"X#English"
],
[
"ray",
"ray#English"
],
[
"X-ray",
"X-ray#English"
],
[
"*lewk-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/lewk-"
],
[
"*-tós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tós"
],
[
"*leuhtą",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/leuhtą"
],
[
"*leuht",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/leuht#Proto-West_Germanic:_illumination"
],
[
"lēoht",
"leoht#Old_English:_illumination"
],
[
"light",
"light#Middle_English:_illumination"
],
[
"light",
"light#English:_illumination"
],
[
"*h₃emh₃-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃emh₃-"
],
[
"*amlos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/amlos"
],
[
"*h₂ent-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂ent-#Proto-Indo-European:_front"
],
[
"*-s",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-s#Proto-Indo-European:_amphikinetic"
],
[
"*h₂énts",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂énts#Proto-Indo-European:_front"
],
[
"*h₂m̥bʰí",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂m̥bʰí"
],
[
"*amβi-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/amβi-#Proto-Italic:_around"
],
[
"ambi-",
"ambi-#Latin"
],
[
"*pleh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pleh₁-"
],
[
"*-nós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-nós"
],
[
"*pl̥h₁nós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pl̥h₁nós"
],
[
"*plēnos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/plēnos"
],
[
"plēnus",
"plenus#Latin"
],
[
"ambiplus",
"ambiplus#Latin"
],
[
"amplus",
"amplus#Latin"
],
[
"*dʰeh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰeh₁-#Proto-Indo-European:_do"
],
[
"*-fakos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-fakos"
],
[
"-ficus",
"-ficus#Latin"
],
[
"*-h₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-h₂#Proto-Indo-European:_collective_nouns"
],
[
"*-éh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-éh₂#Proto-Indo-European:_collective_nouns"
],
[
"*-yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yéti#Proto-Indo-European:_intransitive_verbs"
],
[
"*-eh₂yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-eh₂yéti#Proto-Indo-European:_suf"
],
[
"*-h₂ti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-h₂ti"
],
[
"*-āō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-āō#Proto-Italic:_suf"
],
[
"-ō",
"-o#Latin:_denominative"
],
[
"-ficō",
"-fico#Latin"
],
[
"amplificō",
"amplifico#Latin"
],
[
"*-tis",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tis"
],
[
"*-Hō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-Hō"
],
[
"*-tiō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-tiō"
],
[
"-tiō",
"-tio#Latin"
],
[
"amplificātiō",
"amplificatio#Latin"
],
[
"amplification",
"amplification#English:_enlarging"
],
[
"*(s)tey-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/(s)tey-"
],
[
"stimulus",
"stimulus#Latin"
],
[
"stimulo",
"stimulo#Latin:_urge_on"
],
[
"stimulatus",
"stimulatus#Latin:_stimulated"
],
[
"stimulate",
"stimulate#English:_make_active"
],
[
"*-ōd-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-ōd-"
],
[
"-ode",
"-ode#Old_English"
],
[
"-ede",
"-ede#Middle_English:_past"
],
[
"-ed",
"-ed#English:_verb-past-tense"
],
[
"stimulated",
"stimulated#English:_stimulate,_ed-form"
],
[
"*h₁éǵʰ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁éǵʰ"
],
[
"*-s",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-s#Proto-Indo-European:_adverbial"
],
[
"*h₁éǵʰs",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁éǵʰs"
],
[
"*eks",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/eks"
],
[
"ex",
"ex#Latin:_out"
],
[
"ex-",
"ex-#Latin"
],
[
"*mey-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/mey-#Proto-Indo-European:_change"
],
[
"*meyth₂-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/meyth₂-#Proto-Indo-European:_to_change"
],
[
"*-eti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-eti"
],
[
"*meitō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/meitō#Proto-Italic:_put_forth"
],
[
"mītō",
"mito#Latin:_send"
],
[
"mittō",
"mitto#Latin"
],
[
"ēmittō",
"emitto#Latin"
],
[
"-tiō",
"-tio#Latin"
],
[
"ēmissiō",
"emissio#Latin"
],
[
"émission",
"émission#Middle_French"
],
[
"emission",
"emission#English:_act_of_emitting"
],
[
"radius",
"radius#Latin"
],
[
"-ō",
"-o#Latin:_denominative"
],
[
"radiō",
"radio#Latin"
],
[
"-tiō",
"-tio#Latin"
],
[
"radiatio",
"radiatio#Latin"
],
[
"radiation",
"radiation#English:_radioactive_energy"
],
[
"LASER",
"LASER#English:_light_beam"
],
[
"laser",
"laser#English:_light_beam"
],
[
"X-ray",
"X-ray#English"
],
[
"laser",
"laser#English:_light_beam"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":blend",
"3": "X-ray",
"4": "laser<id:light beam>",
"text": "1",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\n▲\nGerman X-Strahlcalq.\nEnglish Xder.\nEnglish rayder.\nEnglish X-ray\nProto-Indo-European *lewk-\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Indo-European *lewktom\nProto-Germanic *leuhtą\nProto-West Germanic *leuht\nOld English lēoht\nMiddle English light\nEnglish light\nProto-Indo-European *h₃emh₃-der.\nProto-Indo-European *h₃emh₃-lo-s\nProto-Italic *amlos?\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ent-\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *h₂énts?\nProto-Indo-European *h₂m̥bʰíder.\nProto-Italic *amβi-\nLatin ambi-\nProto-Indo-European *pleh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós\nProto-Italic *plēnosder.\nLatin plēnus?\nLatin ambiplus?\nLatin amplus\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der.\nProto-Italic *θakos\nProto-Italic *-fakos\nLatin -ficus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.\nProto-Italic *-ājō\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -ō\nLatin -ficō\nLatin amplificō\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Indo-European *-Hō\nProto-Indo-European *-tiHō\nProto-Italic *-tiō\nLatin -tiō\nLatin amplificātiōlbor.\nEnglish amplification\nProto-Indo-European *(s)tey-?\nLatin stimulus\nLatin stimulo\nLatin stimulatusbor.\nEnglish stimulate\nProto-Germanic *-ōd-\nOld English -ode\nMiddle English -ede\nEnglish -ed\nEnglish stimulated\nProto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰ\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰs\nProto-Italic *eks\nLatin ex\nLatin ex-\nProto-Indo-European *mey-?\nProto-Indo-European *meyth₂-\nProto-Indo-European *-eti\nProto-Indo-European *méyth₂eti\nProto-Italic *meitō\nOld Latin mītō\nLatin mittō\nLatin ēmittō\n▲\nLatin -tiō\nLatin ēmissiōlbor.\nMiddle French émissionbor.\nEnglish emission\nLatin radius\n▲\nLatin -ō\nLatin radiō\n▲\nLatin -tiō\nLatin radiatiolbor.\nEnglish radiation\nEnglish LASER\nEnglish laser\nblend\nEnglish xaser\n[Appendix:Glossary#calque|Calque]] of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"German\", \"term\" : \"X-Strahl\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"de\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"calque\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"X\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"ray\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"X-ray\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"id\" : \"light beam\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"light beam\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"illumination\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"illumination\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"illumination\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"illumination\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*lewktom\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*lewk-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tós\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*leuhtą\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*leuht\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"lēoht\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"light\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"light\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"id\" : \"enlarging\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"lbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"abundant, ample\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*h₃emh₃-lo-s\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₃emh₃-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*amlos\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"around\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"front\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"front\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂ent-\", \"gloss\" : \"face, forehead; front\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"amphikinetic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-s\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂énts\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂m̥bʰí\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*amβi-\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ambi-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*pleh₁-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*pl̥h₁nós\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*plēnos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"plēnus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ambiplus\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"amplus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*θakos\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"do\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰeh₁-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-fakos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ficus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"denominative\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-ājō\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\", \"pos\" : \"suffix originally used to form collective nouns, extended in Late PIE to also be a marker of feminine gender\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"intransitive verbs\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eh₂yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂ti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āō\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ō\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ficō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"amplificō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-tiHō\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-Hō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-tiō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-tiō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"amplificātiō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"amplification\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"id\" : \"stimulate, ed-form\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"make active\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"stimulated\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"urge on\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*(s)tey-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"stimulus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"stimulo\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"stimulatus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"stimulate\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"id\" : \"verb-past-tense\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"past\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ōd-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-ode\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ede\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ed\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"stimulated\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"id\" : \"act of emitting\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"lbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"out\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁éǵʰ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"adverbial\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-s\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁éǵʰs\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*eks\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ex\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ex-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"send\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"put forth\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*méyth₂eti\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to change\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"change\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*mey-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*meyth₂-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*meitō\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Latin\", \"term\" : \"mītō\", \"lang\" : \"itc-ola\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"mittō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ēmittō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"itc-pro:*-tiō\", \"id\" : \"action or result\", \"tree\" : \"1\", \"title\" : \"-tiō\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-tiō\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ēmissiō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle French\", \"term\" : \"émission\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"frm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"emission\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"id\" : \"radioactive energy\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"lbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"to gleam, shine, beam\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"spoke of a wheel\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"radius\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"denominative\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"itc-pro:*-āō<id:suf>\", \"id\" : \"denominative\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ō\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"radiō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"itc-pro:*-tiō\", \"id\" : \"action or result\", \"tree\" : \"1\", \"title\" : \"-tiō\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-tiō\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"radiatio\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"radiation\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"LASER\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"laser\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Blend of\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"blend\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"xaser\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"xaser\">\nBlend of X-ray + laser.",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":blend",
"3": "X-ray",
"4": "laser<id:light beam>",
"text": "1",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\n▲\nGerman X-Strahlcalq.\nEnglish Xder.\nEnglish rayder.\nEnglish X-ray\nProto-Indo-European *lewk-\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Indo-European *lewktom\nProto-Germanic *leuhtą\nProto-West Germanic *leuht\nOld English lēoht\nMiddle English light\nEnglish light\nProto-Indo-European *h₃emh₃-der.\nProto-Indo-European *h₃emh₃-lo-s\nProto-Italic *amlos?\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ent-\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *h₂énts?\nProto-Indo-European *h₂m̥bʰíder.\nProto-Italic *amβi-\nLatin ambi-\nProto-Indo-European *pleh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós\nProto-Italic *plēnosder.\nLatin plēnus?\nLatin ambiplus?\nLatin amplus\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der.\nProto-Italic *θakos\nProto-Italic *-fakos\nLatin -ficus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.\nProto-Italic *-ājō\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -ō\nLatin -ficō\nLatin amplificō\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Indo-European *-Hō\nProto-Indo-European *-tiHō\nProto-Italic *-tiō\nLatin -tiō\nLatin amplificātiōlbor.\nEnglish amplification\nProto-Indo-European *(s)tey-?\nLatin stimulus\nLatin stimulo\nLatin stimulatusbor.\nEnglish stimulate\nProto-Germanic *-ōd-\nOld English -ode\nMiddle English -ede\nEnglish -ed\nEnglish stimulated\nProto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰ\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰs\nProto-Italic *eks\nLatin ex\nLatin ex-\nProto-Indo-European *mey-?\nProto-Indo-European *meyth₂-\nProto-Indo-European *-eti\nProto-Indo-European *méyth₂eti\nProto-Italic *meitō\nOld Latin mītō\nLatin mittō\nLatin ēmittō\n▲\nLatin -tiō\nLatin ēmissiōlbor.\nMiddle French émissionbor.\nEnglish emission\nLatin radius\n▲\nLatin -ō\nLatin radiō\n▲\nLatin -tiō\nLatin radiatiolbor.\nEnglish radiation\nEnglish LASER\nEnglish laser\nblend\nEnglish xaser\nBlend of X-ray + laser.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\n▲\nGerman X-Strahlcalq.\nEnglish Xder.\nEnglish rayder.\nEnglish X-ray\nProto-Indo-European *lewk-\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Indo-European *lewktom\nProto-Germanic *leuhtą\nProto-West Germanic *leuht\nOld English lēoht\nMiddle English light\nEnglish light\nProto-Indo-European *h₃emh₃-der.\nProto-Indo-European *h₃emh₃-lo-s\nProto-Italic *amlos?\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ent-\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *h₂énts?\nProto-Indo-European *h₂m̥bʰíder.\nProto-Italic *amβi-\nLatin ambi-\nProto-Indo-European *pleh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós\nProto-Italic *plēnosder.\nLatin plēnus?\nLatin ambiplus?\nLatin amplus\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der.\nProto-Italic *θakos\nProto-Italic *-fakos\nLatin -ficus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.\nProto-Italic *-ājō\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -ō\nLatin -ficō\nLatin amplificō\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Indo-European *-Hō\nProto-Indo-European *-tiHō\nProto-Italic *-tiō\nLatin -tiō\nLatin amplificātiōlbor.\nEnglish amplification\nProto-Indo-European *(s)tey-?\nLatin stimulus\nLatin stimulo\nLatin stimulatusbor.\nEnglish stimulate\nProto-Germanic *-ōd-\nOld English -ode\nMiddle English -ede\nEnglish -ed\nEnglish stimulated\nProto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰ\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰs\nProto-Italic *eks\nLatin ex\nLatin ex-\nProto-Indo-European *mey-?\nProto-Indo-European *meyth₂-\nProto-Indo-European *-eti\nProto-Indo-European *méyth₂eti\nProto-Italic *meitō\nOld Latin mītō\nLatin mittō\nLatin ēmittō\n▲\nLatin -tiō\nLatin ēmissiōlbor.\nMiddle French émissionbor.\nEnglish emission\nLatin radius\n▲\nLatin -ō\nLatin radiō\n▲\nLatin -tiō\nLatin radiatiolbor.\nEnglish radiation\nEnglish LASER\nEnglish laser\nblend\nEnglish xaser\nBlend of X-ray + laser.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "xasers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "xaser (plural xasers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English blends",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Science fiction",
"orig": "en:Science fiction",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
23,
29
]
],
"ref": "1970, Henry Lipson, Crystals and X-rays, page 190:",
"text": "If we could produce a 'Xaser', could we also produce an image of a crystal structure?",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
51,
56
]
],
"ref": "1978, Laser Focus, volume 14, numbers 7-12, page 57:",
"text": "Perhaps some day there will be an x-ray system — a xaser — although it will probably self-destruct on each operation.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An X-ray laser."
],
"id": "en-xaser-en-noun-WV9KO05r",
"links": [
[
"science fiction",
"science fiction"
],
[
"X-ray",
"X-ray"
],
[
"laser",
"laser"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(science fiction) An X-ray laser."
],
"topics": [
"literature",
"media",
"publishing",
"science-fiction"
]
}
],
"word": "xaser"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"X-Strahl",
"X-Strahl#German"
],
[
"X",
"X#English"
],
[
"ray",
"ray#English"
],
[
"X-ray",
"X-ray#English"
],
[
"*lewk-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/lewk-"
],
[
"*-tós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tós"
],
[
"*leuhtą",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/leuhtą"
],
[
"*leuht",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/leuht#Proto-West_Germanic:_illumination"
],
[
"lēoht",
"leoht#Old_English:_illumination"
],
[
"light",
"light#Middle_English:_illumination"
],
[
"light",
"light#English:_illumination"
],
[
"*h₃emh₃-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃emh₃-"
],
[
"*amlos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/amlos"
],
[
"*h₂ent-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂ent-#Proto-Indo-European:_front"
],
[
"*-s",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-s#Proto-Indo-European:_amphikinetic"
],
[
"*h₂énts",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂énts#Proto-Indo-European:_front"
],
[
"*h₂m̥bʰí",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂m̥bʰí"
],
[
"*amβi-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/amβi-#Proto-Italic:_around"
],
[
"ambi-",
"ambi-#Latin"
],
[
"*pleh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pleh₁-"
],
[
"*-nós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-nós"
],
[
"*pl̥h₁nós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pl̥h₁nós"
],
[
"*plēnos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/plēnos"
],
[
"plēnus",
"plenus#Latin"
],
[
"ambiplus",
"ambiplus#Latin"
],
[
"amplus",
"amplus#Latin"
],
[
"*dʰeh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰeh₁-#Proto-Indo-European:_do"
],
[
"*-fakos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-fakos"
],
[
"-ficus",
"-ficus#Latin"
],
[
"*-h₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-h₂#Proto-Indo-European:_collective_nouns"
],
[
"*-éh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-éh₂#Proto-Indo-European:_collective_nouns"
],
[
"*-yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yéti#Proto-Indo-European:_intransitive_verbs"
],
[
"*-eh₂yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-eh₂yéti#Proto-Indo-European:_suf"
],
[
"*-h₂ti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-h₂ti"
],
[
"*-āō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-āō#Proto-Italic:_suf"
],
[
"-ō",
"-o#Latin:_denominative"
],
[
"-ficō",
"-fico#Latin"
],
[
"amplificō",
"amplifico#Latin"
],
[
"*-tis",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tis"
],
[
"*-Hō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-Hō"
],
[
"*-tiō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-tiō"
],
[
"-tiō",
"-tio#Latin"
],
[
"amplificātiō",
"amplificatio#Latin"
],
[
"amplification",
"amplification#English:_enlarging"
],
[
"*(s)tey-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/(s)tey-"
],
[
"stimulus",
"stimulus#Latin"
],
[
"stimulo",
"stimulo#Latin:_urge_on"
],
[
"stimulatus",
"stimulatus#Latin:_stimulated"
],
[
"stimulate",
"stimulate#English:_make_active"
],
[
"*-ōd-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-ōd-"
],
[
"-ode",
"-ode#Old_English"
],
[
"-ede",
"-ede#Middle_English:_past"
],
[
"-ed",
"-ed#English:_verb-past-tense"
],
[
"stimulated",
"stimulated#English:_stimulate,_ed-form"
],
[
"*h₁éǵʰ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁éǵʰ"
],
[
"*-s",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-s#Proto-Indo-European:_adverbial"
],
[
"*h₁éǵʰs",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁éǵʰs"
],
[
"*eks",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/eks"
],
[
"ex",
"ex#Latin:_out"
],
[
"ex-",
"ex-#Latin"
],
[
"*mey-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/mey-#Proto-Indo-European:_change"
],
[
"*meyth₂-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/meyth₂-#Proto-Indo-European:_to_change"
],
[
"*-eti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-eti"
],
[
"*meitō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/meitō#Proto-Italic:_put_forth"
],
[
"mītō",
"mito#Latin:_send"
],
[
"mittō",
"mitto#Latin"
],
[
"ēmittō",
"emitto#Latin"
],
[
"-tiō",
"-tio#Latin"
],
[
"ēmissiō",
"emissio#Latin"
],
[
"émission",
"émission#Middle_French"
],
[
"emission",
"emission#English:_act_of_emitting"
],
[
"radius",
"radius#Latin"
],
[
"-ō",
"-o#Latin:_denominative"
],
[
"radiō",
"radio#Latin"
],
[
"-tiō",
"-tio#Latin"
],
[
"radiatio",
"radiatio#Latin"
],
[
"radiation",
"radiation#English:_radioactive_energy"
],
[
"LASER",
"LASER#English:_light_beam"
],
[
"laser",
"laser#English:_light_beam"
],
[
"X-ray",
"X-ray#English"
],
[
"laser",
"laser#English:_light_beam"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":blend",
"3": "X-ray",
"4": "laser<id:light beam>",
"text": "1",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\n▲\nGerman X-Strahlcalq.\nEnglish Xder.\nEnglish rayder.\nEnglish X-ray\nProto-Indo-European *lewk-\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Indo-European *lewktom\nProto-Germanic *leuhtą\nProto-West Germanic *leuht\nOld English lēoht\nMiddle English light\nEnglish light\nProto-Indo-European *h₃emh₃-der.\nProto-Indo-European *h₃emh₃-lo-s\nProto-Italic *amlos?\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ent-\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *h₂énts?\nProto-Indo-European *h₂m̥bʰíder.\nProto-Italic *amβi-\nLatin ambi-\nProto-Indo-European *pleh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós\nProto-Italic *plēnosder.\nLatin plēnus?\nLatin ambiplus?\nLatin amplus\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der.\nProto-Italic *θakos\nProto-Italic *-fakos\nLatin -ficus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.\nProto-Italic *-ājō\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -ō\nLatin -ficō\nLatin amplificō\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Indo-European *-Hō\nProto-Indo-European *-tiHō\nProto-Italic *-tiō\nLatin -tiō\nLatin amplificātiōlbor.\nEnglish amplification\nProto-Indo-European *(s)tey-?\nLatin stimulus\nLatin stimulo\nLatin stimulatusbor.\nEnglish stimulate\nProto-Germanic *-ōd-\nOld English -ode\nMiddle English -ede\nEnglish -ed\nEnglish stimulated\nProto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰ\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰs\nProto-Italic *eks\nLatin ex\nLatin ex-\nProto-Indo-European *mey-?\nProto-Indo-European *meyth₂-\nProto-Indo-European *-eti\nProto-Indo-European *méyth₂eti\nProto-Italic *meitō\nOld Latin mītō\nLatin mittō\nLatin ēmittō\n▲\nLatin -tiō\nLatin ēmissiōlbor.\nMiddle French émissionbor.\nEnglish emission\nLatin radius\n▲\nLatin -ō\nLatin radiō\n▲\nLatin -tiō\nLatin radiatiolbor.\nEnglish radiation\nEnglish LASER\nEnglish laser\nblend\nEnglish xaser\n[Appendix:Glossary#calque|Calque]] of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"German\", \"term\" : \"X-Strahl\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"de\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"calque\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"X\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"ray\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"X-ray\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"id\" : \"light beam\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"light beam\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"illumination\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"illumination\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"illumination\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"illumination\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*lewktom\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*lewk-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tós\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*leuhtą\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*leuht\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"lēoht\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"light\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"light\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"id\" : \"enlarging\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"lbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"abundant, ample\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*h₃emh₃-lo-s\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₃emh₃-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*amlos\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"around\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"front\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"front\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂ent-\", \"gloss\" : \"face, forehead; front\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"amphikinetic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-s\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂énts\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂m̥bʰí\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*amβi-\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ambi-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*pleh₁-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*pl̥h₁nós\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*plēnos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"plēnus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ambiplus\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"amplus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*θakos\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"do\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰeh₁-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-fakos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ficus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"denominative\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-ājō\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\", \"pos\" : \"suffix originally used to form collective nouns, extended in Late PIE to also be a marker of feminine gender\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"intransitive verbs\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eh₂yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂ti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āō\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ō\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ficō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"amplificō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-tiHō\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-Hō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-tiō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-tiō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"amplificātiō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"amplification\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"id\" : \"stimulate, ed-form\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"make active\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"stimulated\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"urge on\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*(s)tey-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"stimulus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"stimulo\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"stimulatus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"stimulate\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"id\" : \"verb-past-tense\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"past\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ōd-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-ode\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ede\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ed\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"stimulated\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"id\" : \"act of emitting\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"lbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"out\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁éǵʰ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"adverbial\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-s\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁éǵʰs\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*eks\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ex\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ex-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"send\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"put forth\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*méyth₂eti\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to change\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"change\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*mey-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*meyth₂-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*meitō\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Latin\", \"term\" : \"mītō\", \"lang\" : \"itc-ola\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"mittō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ēmittō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"itc-pro:*-tiō\", \"id\" : \"action or result\", \"tree\" : \"1\", \"title\" : \"-tiō\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-tiō\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ēmissiō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle French\", \"term\" : \"émission\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"frm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"emission\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"id\" : \"radioactive energy\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"lbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"to gleam, shine, beam\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"spoke of a wheel\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"radius\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"denominative\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"itc-pro:*-āō<id:suf>\", \"id\" : \"denominative\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ō\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"radiō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"itc-pro:*-tiō\", \"id\" : \"action or result\", \"tree\" : \"1\", \"title\" : \"-tiō\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-tiō\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"radiatio\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"radiation\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"LASER\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"laser\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Blend of\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"blend\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"xaser\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"xaser\">\nBlend of X-ray + laser.",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":blend",
"3": "X-ray",
"4": "laser<id:light beam>",
"text": "1",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\n▲\nGerman X-Strahlcalq.\nEnglish Xder.\nEnglish rayder.\nEnglish X-ray\nProto-Indo-European *lewk-\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Indo-European *lewktom\nProto-Germanic *leuhtą\nProto-West Germanic *leuht\nOld English lēoht\nMiddle English light\nEnglish light\nProto-Indo-European *h₃emh₃-der.\nProto-Indo-European *h₃emh₃-lo-s\nProto-Italic *amlos?\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ent-\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *h₂énts?\nProto-Indo-European *h₂m̥bʰíder.\nProto-Italic *amβi-\nLatin ambi-\nProto-Indo-European *pleh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós\nProto-Italic *plēnosder.\nLatin plēnus?\nLatin ambiplus?\nLatin amplus\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der.\nProto-Italic *θakos\nProto-Italic *-fakos\nLatin -ficus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.\nProto-Italic *-ājō\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -ō\nLatin -ficō\nLatin amplificō\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Indo-European *-Hō\nProto-Indo-European *-tiHō\nProto-Italic *-tiō\nLatin -tiō\nLatin amplificātiōlbor.\nEnglish amplification\nProto-Indo-European *(s)tey-?\nLatin stimulus\nLatin stimulo\nLatin stimulatusbor.\nEnglish stimulate\nProto-Germanic *-ōd-\nOld English -ode\nMiddle English -ede\nEnglish -ed\nEnglish stimulated\nProto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰ\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰs\nProto-Italic *eks\nLatin ex\nLatin ex-\nProto-Indo-European *mey-?\nProto-Indo-European *meyth₂-\nProto-Indo-European *-eti\nProto-Indo-European *méyth₂eti\nProto-Italic *meitō\nOld Latin mītō\nLatin mittō\nLatin ēmittō\n▲\nLatin -tiō\nLatin ēmissiōlbor.\nMiddle French émissionbor.\nEnglish emission\nLatin radius\n▲\nLatin -ō\nLatin radiō\n▲\nLatin -tiō\nLatin radiatiolbor.\nEnglish radiation\nEnglish LASER\nEnglish laser\nblend\nEnglish xaser\nBlend of X-ray + laser.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\n▲\nGerman X-Strahlcalq.\nEnglish Xder.\nEnglish rayder.\nEnglish X-ray\nProto-Indo-European *lewk-\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Indo-European *lewktom\nProto-Germanic *leuhtą\nProto-West Germanic *leuht\nOld English lēoht\nMiddle English light\nEnglish light\nProto-Indo-European *h₃emh₃-der.\nProto-Indo-European *h₃emh₃-lo-s\nProto-Italic *amlos?\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ent-\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *h₂énts?\nProto-Indo-European *h₂m̥bʰíder.\nProto-Italic *amβi-\nLatin ambi-\nProto-Indo-European *pleh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós\nProto-Italic *plēnosder.\nLatin plēnus?\nLatin ambiplus?\nLatin amplus\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der.\nProto-Italic *θakos\nProto-Italic *-fakos\nLatin -ficus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.\nProto-Italic *-ājō\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -ō\nLatin -ficō\nLatin amplificō\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Indo-European *-Hō\nProto-Indo-European *-tiHō\nProto-Italic *-tiō\nLatin -tiō\nLatin amplificātiōlbor.\nEnglish amplification\nProto-Indo-European *(s)tey-?\nLatin stimulus\nLatin stimulo\nLatin stimulatusbor.\nEnglish stimulate\nProto-Germanic *-ōd-\nOld English -ode\nMiddle English -ede\nEnglish -ed\nEnglish stimulated\nProto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰ\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰs\nProto-Italic *eks\nLatin ex\nLatin ex-\nProto-Indo-European *mey-?\nProto-Indo-European *meyth₂-\nProto-Indo-European *-eti\nProto-Indo-European *méyth₂eti\nProto-Italic *meitō\nOld Latin mītō\nLatin mittō\nLatin ēmittō\n▲\nLatin -tiō\nLatin ēmissiōlbor.\nMiddle French émissionbor.\nEnglish emission\nLatin radius\n▲\nLatin -ō\nLatin radiō\n▲\nLatin -tiō\nLatin radiatiolbor.\nEnglish radiation\nEnglish LASER\nEnglish laser\nblend\nEnglish xaser\nBlend of X-ray + laser.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "xasers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "xaser (plural xasers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English blends",
"English compound terms",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂ent-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃emh₃-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *lewk-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *mey- (change)",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *meyth₂-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pleh₁-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₁éǵʰ",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₁éǵʰs",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₂m̥bʰí",
"English terms with quotations",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"en:Science fiction"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
23,
29
]
],
"ref": "1970, Henry Lipson, Crystals and X-rays, page 190:",
"text": "If we could produce a 'Xaser', could we also produce an image of a crystal structure?",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
51,
56
]
],
"ref": "1978, Laser Focus, volume 14, numbers 7-12, page 57:",
"text": "Perhaps some day there will be an x-ray system — a xaser — although it will probably self-destruct on each operation.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An X-ray laser."
],
"links": [
[
"science fiction",
"science fiction"
],
[
"X-ray",
"X-ray"
],
[
"laser",
"laser"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(science fiction) An X-ray laser."
],
"topics": [
"literature",
"media",
"publishing",
"science-fiction"
]
}
],
"word": "xaser"
}
Download raw JSONL data for xaser meaning in English (30.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (19f9a30 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.