study

Students are expected to start studying for final exams in March.

I need to study my biology notes.

(usually academic, transitive, intransitive) To review materials already learned in order to make sure one does not forget them, usually in preparation for an examination.

I study medicine at the university.

(academic, transitive) To take a course or courses on a subject.

Biologists study living things.

In 2015, scientists found that 82 percent of glaciers studied in China had decreased in size.

(transitive) To acquire knowledge on a subject with the intention of applying it in practice.

He studied the map in preparation for the hike.

July 10, 1732, Jonathan Swift, letter to Mr. Gay and The Duchess of Queensberry
I found a moral first, and studied for a fable.

(transitive) To fix the mind closely upon a subject; to dwell upon anything in thought; to muse; to ponder.

And that ye study to be quiet, and to do your own business, and to work with your own hands, as we commanded you […]

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 1 Thessalonians 4:11:

(intransitive) To endeavor diligently; to be zealous.

en-verb

study (third-person singular simple present studies, present participle studying, simple past and past participle studied)

studies (present singular third-person)
studying (participle present)
studied (participle past)
studied (past)
study (infinitive)

щищүә

習學／习学 (xíxué)

зами́слям се

to fix the mind closely upon a subject; to muse; to ponder

From Middle English studien, from Old French estudier (Modern French étudier), from the noun estudie, borrowed from Latin studium. Displaced native Old English cneordlæcan.


study

The study of languages is fascinating.

During the whole time of his abode in the university he generally spent thirteen hours of the day in study; by which assiduity besides an exact dispatch of the whole course of philosophy, he read over in a manner all classic authors that are extant[…]

1661, John Fell, The Life of the most learned, reverend and pious Dr. H. Hammond:

Study gives strength to the mind; conversation, grace: the first apt to give stiffness, the other suppleness: one gives substance and form to the statue, the other polishes it.

1699, William Temple, Heads designed for an essay on conversations:

He draws eclectically on studies of baboons, descriptive anthropological accounts of hunter-gatherer societies and, in a few cases, the fossil record.

2012 March-April, John T. Jost, “Social Justice: Is It in Our Nature (and Our Future)?”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 2, page 162:

Mental effort to acquire knowledge or learning.

I made a careful study of his sister.

Oxygen levels on Earth skyrocketed 2.4 billion years ago, when cyanobacteria evolved photosynthesis:[…]. The evolutionary precursor of photosynthesis is still under debate, and a new study sheds light. The critical component of the photosynthetic system is the “water-oxidizing complex”, made up of manganese atoms and a calcium atom.

2013 September-October, Katie L. Burke, “In the News”, in American Scientist:

The act of studying or examining; examination.

The Holy Scriptures, especially the New Testament, are her daily study.

1762, Edmund Law, An extract from A serious call to a devout and holy life:

The proper study of mankind is man.

1733, [Alexander Pope], An Essay on Man. […], (please specify |epistle=I to IV), London: Printed for J[ohn] Wilford, […], →OCLC:

Any particular branch of learning that is studied; any object of attentive consideration.

Father spends all his time in the study poring over manuscripts.

his cheery little study

1850, Nathaniel Hawthorne, “Introductory”, in The Scarlet Letter, a Romance, Boston, Mass.: Ticknor, Reed, and Fields, →OCLC:

A room in a house intended for reading and writing; traditionally the private room of the male head of household.

a study of heads or of hands for a figure picture

An artwork made in order to practise or demonstrate a subject or technique.

Geoffrey's face was a study.

Geoffrey's face was a study in amazement [or in bewilderment, irritation, distress etc.]

The human face, bearing an expression which the observer finds amusingly typical of a particular emotion or state of mind.

(music) A piece for special practice; an etude.

That new study on noncommutative symmetries looks promising.

One who commits a theatrical part to memory.

(chess) An endgame problem composed for artistic merit, where one side is to play for a win or for a draw.

wel said the kynge thow mayst take myn hors by force but and I myȝte preue the whether thow were better on horsbak or I / wel said the knyght seke me here whan thow wolt and here nygh this wel thow shalt fynde me / and soo passyd on his weye / thenne the kyng sat in a study and bad his men fetche his hors as faste as euer they myghte

1485, Sir Thomas Malory, chapter XX, in Le Morte Darthur, book I:

Well, said the king, thou mayst take my horse by force, but an I might prove thee whether thou were better on horseback or I. Well, said the knight, seek me here when thou wilt, and here nigh this well thou shalt find me, and so passed on his way. Then the king sat in a study, and bade his men fetch his horse as fast as ever they might.

(obsolete) A state of mental perplexity or worried thought.

My study was to avoid disturbing her.

Just men they seemd, and all thir study bent / To worship God aright, and know his works.

1667, John Milton, “Book X”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:

(archaic) Thought, as directed to a specific purpose; one's concern.

en-noun

study (countable and uncountable, plural studies)

ուսումնասիրություն

branch of learning or object that is being studied

huoli

(obsolete in English) state of mental perplexity or worried thought

huoli

(archaic in English) thought, as directed to a specific purpose; concern

From Middle English studie, from Old French estudie (Modern French étude), borrowed from Latin studium (“zeal, dedication, study”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewd- (“to push, hit”). Doublet of etude and studio.