See ruly in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for ruly meaning in English (8.3kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "rewly"
},
"expansion": "Middle English rewly",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ruly"
},
"expansion": "ruly",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "rewely"
},
"expansion": "rewely",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "reweliche"
},
"expansion": "reweliche",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hrēowlīċ",
"t": "grievous, pitiful, sad, wretched, cruel"
},
"expansion": "Old English hrēowlīċ (“grievous, pitiful, sad, wretched, cruel”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rue",
"3": "-ly",
"id2": "adjectival"
},
"expansion": "rue + -ly",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English rewly, ruly, rewely, reweliche, from Old English hrēowlīċ (“grievous, pitiful, sad, wretched, cruel”), equivalent to rue + -ly.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rulier",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "more ruly",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruliest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "most ruly",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er",
"2": "more"
},
"expansion": "ruly (comparative rulier or more ruly, superlative ruliest or most ruly)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ru‧ly"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "38 26 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English back-formations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 21 39",
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"Entry maintenance"
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},
{
"_dis": "39 22 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ly",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ly (adjectival)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 22 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -y",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Pitiable; miserable."
],
"id": "en-ruly-en-adj-Vir02nqK",
"links": [
[
"Pitiable",
"pitiable"
],
[
"miserable",
"miserable"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Pitiable; miserable."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹuːli/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːli"
},
{
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"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
}
],
"word": "ruly"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "rewly"
},
"expansion": "Middle English rewly",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "reoly"
},
"expansion": "reoly",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "reowliche"
},
"expansion": "reowliche",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hrēowlīċe",
"t": "cruelly"
},
"expansion": "Old English hrēowlīċe (“cruelly”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rue",
"3": "-ly"
},
"expansion": "rue + -ly",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English rewly, reoly, reowliche, from Old English hrēowlīċe (“cruelly”), equivalent to rue + -ly.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rulier",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "more ruly",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruliest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "most ruly",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "ruly (comparative rulier or more ruly, superlative ruliest or most ruly)",
"name": "en-adv"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ru‧ly"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "38 26 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English back-formations",
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{
"_dis": "39 21 39",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 22 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ly",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 22 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -y",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Pitiably; miserably."
],
"id": "en-ruly-en-adv-TSYIUf2S",
"links": [
[
"Pitiably",
"pitiably"
],
[
"miserably",
"miserably"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Pitiably; miserably."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹuːli/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːli"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Mélange a trois-ruly.wav",
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"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
}
],
"word": "ruly"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "unruly"
},
"expansion": "Back-formation from unruly",
"name": "back-form"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "rewly"
},
"expansion": "Middle English rewly",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ruly"
},
"expansion": "ruly",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "reuli",
"t": "subject to a religious rule, regular"
},
"expansion": "reuli (“subject to a religious rule, regular”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rule",
"3": "ly"
},
"expansion": "rule + -ly",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rule",
"3": "y"
},
"expansion": "rule + -y",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "rulé"
},
"expansion": "Old French rulé",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "reulé"
},
"expansion": "reulé",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "rieulé",
"3": "",
"4": "ruled"
},
"expansion": "rieulé (“ruled”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "rieuler",
"t": "to rule"
},
"expansion": "rieuler (“to rule”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rule"
},
"expansion": "rule",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Back-formation from unruly, or perhaps a continuation of Middle English rewly, ruly, reuli (“subject to a religious rule, regular”), equivalent to rule + -ly, rule + -y; or perhaps from Old French rulé, reulé, rieulé (“ruled”), past participle of rieuler (“to rule”). More at rule.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rulier",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruliest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er"
},
"expansion": "ruly (comparative rulier, superlative ruliest)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ru‧ly"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "38 26 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English back-formations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 21 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 22 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ly",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 22 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -y",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2022, Jim Crace, eden, Picador, page 224",
"text": "What is certain is that everything they see is strange: the lifeless neatness of the courtyard, the straightness of the paths, the ruly gang of labourers in their dull uniforms and with their ageless, polished faces.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Neat and orderly."
],
"id": "en-ruly-en-adj-zC2k7He6",
"links": [
[
"Neat",
"neat"
],
[
"orderly",
"orderly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Neat and orderly."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹuːli/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːli"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Mélange a trois-ruly.wav",
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"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
}
],
"word": "ruly"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English back-formations",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms suffixed with -ly",
"English terms suffixed with -ly (adjectival)",
"English terms suffixed with -y",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:English/uːli",
"Rhymes:English/uːli/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
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"3": "rewly"
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"expansion": "Middle English rewly",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ruly"
},
"expansion": "ruly",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "rewely"
},
"expansion": "rewely",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
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},
"expansion": "reweliche",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hrēowlīċ",
"t": "grievous, pitiful, sad, wretched, cruel"
},
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"name": "inh"
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{
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"2": "rue",
"3": "-ly",
"id2": "adjectival"
},
"expansion": "rue + -ly",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English rewly, ruly, rewely, reweliche, from Old English hrēowlīċ (“grievous, pitiful, sad, wretched, cruel”), equivalent to rue + -ly.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rulier",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "more ruly",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruliest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "most ruly",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "er",
"2": "more"
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"expansion": "ruly (comparative rulier or more ruly, superlative ruliest or most ruly)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ru‧ly"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Pitiable; miserable."
],
"links": [
[
"Pitiable",
"pitiable"
],
[
"miserable",
"miserable"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Pitiable; miserable."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹuːli/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːli"
},
{
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"tags": [
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"word": "ruly"
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{
"categories": [
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"English adjectives",
"English adverbs",
"English back-formations",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms suffixed with -ly",
"English terms suffixed with -y",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:English/uːli",
"Rhymes:English/uːli/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "rewly"
},
"expansion": "Middle English rewly",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "reoly"
},
"expansion": "reoly",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "reowliche"
},
"expansion": "reowliche",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hrēowlīċe",
"t": "cruelly"
},
"expansion": "Old English hrēowlīċe (“cruelly”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rue",
"3": "-ly"
},
"expansion": "rue + -ly",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English rewly, reoly, reowliche, from Old English hrēowlīċe (“cruelly”), equivalent to rue + -ly.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rulier",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "more ruly",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruliest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "most ruly",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er",
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"expansion": "ruly (comparative rulier or more ruly, superlative ruliest or most ruly)",
"name": "en-adv"
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],
"hyphenation": [
"ru‧ly"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Pitiably; miserably."
],
"links": [
[
"Pitiably",
"pitiably"
],
[
"miserably",
"miserably"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Pitiably; miserably."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹuːli/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːli"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Mélange a trois-ruly.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-M%C3%A9lange_a_trois-ruly.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-M%C3%A9lange_a_trois-ruly.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
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"word": "ruly"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English adjectives",
"English back-formations",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms suffixed with -ly",
"English terms suffixed with -y",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:English/uːli",
"Rhymes:English/uːli/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "unruly"
},
"expansion": "Back-formation from unruly",
"name": "back-form"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "rewly"
},
"expansion": "Middle English rewly",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ruly"
},
"expansion": "ruly",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "reuli",
"t": "subject to a religious rule, regular"
},
"expansion": "reuli (“subject to a religious rule, regular”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rule",
"3": "ly"
},
"expansion": "rule + -ly",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rule",
"3": "y"
},
"expansion": "rule + -y",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "rulé"
},
"expansion": "Old French rulé",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "reulé"
},
"expansion": "reulé",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "rieulé",
"3": "",
"4": "ruled"
},
"expansion": "rieulé (“ruled”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "rieuler",
"t": "to rule"
},
"expansion": "rieuler (“to rule”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rule"
},
"expansion": "rule",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Back-formation from unruly, or perhaps a continuation of Middle English rewly, ruly, reuli (“subject to a religious rule, regular”), equivalent to rule + -ly, rule + -y; or perhaps from Old French rulé, reulé, rieulé (“ruled”), past participle of rieuler (“to rule”). More at rule.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rulier",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruliest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er"
},
"expansion": "ruly (comparative rulier, superlative ruliest)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ru‧ly"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2022, Jim Crace, eden, Picador, page 224",
"text": "What is certain is that everything they see is strange: the lifeless neatness of the courtyard, the straightness of the paths, the ruly gang of labourers in their dull uniforms and with their ageless, polished faces.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Neat and orderly."
],
"links": [
[
"Neat",
"neat"
],
[
"orderly",
"orderly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Neat and orderly."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹuːli/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːli"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Mélange a trois-ruly.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-M%C3%A9lange_a_trois-ruly.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-M%C3%A9lange_a_trois-ruly.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-M%C3%A9lange_a_trois-ruly.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-M%C3%A9lange_a_trois-ruly.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
}
],
"word": "ruly"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.