only

He is the only doctor for miles.

The only people in the stadium were the fans: no players, coaches, or officials.

He was the only male in attendance at the boyband concert.

That was the only time I went to Turkey.

The San Juan market is Mexico City's most famous deli of exotic meats, where an adventurous shopper can hunt down hard-to-find critters such as ostrich, wild boar and crocodile. Only the city zoo offers greater species diversity.

2013 July 26, Nick Miroff, “Mexico gets a taste for eating insects […]”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 7, page 32:

Motley's the only wear.

c. 1598–1600 (date written), William Shakespeare, “As You Like It”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, and the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):

But as to uſquebagh; ah long life to the liquor—it is an exhilirator of the bovvels, and a ſtomatic to the head; I ſay, Mr. Preſident, it invigorates, it ſtimulates, it—in ſhort it is the onlieſt liquor of life, and no man alive vvill die vvhilſt he drinks it.

1762, [Samuel] Foote, The Orators. […], Dublin: […] Thomas Richey, […], →OCLC, Act III, page 54:

The baron had taken a great liking to the Americans and to their ways of doing things, and frequently asserted that America was the only place to live.

1888, United States. Department of State, Papers Relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States, page 316:

"People say there's other games," Jack had said to Cassie at Small Falls earlier that day. "But baseball's the only game."

2015, Mike Lupica, The Only Game, →ISBN, pages 58–59:

He is their only son, in fact, an only child.

To DAD ¶ who only reared twelve children ¶ and ¶ To MOTHER ¶ who reared twelve only children

1949, Frank B[unker] Gilbreth, Jr., Ernestine Gilbreth Carey, Cheaper by the Dozen, dedication

Without sibling; without a sibling of the same gender.

I know some who wittingly have drawne both profit and preferment from cuckoldrie, the only name whereof is so yrksome and bail-ful to so many men.

1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter 40, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book I, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC:

a chain is only as strong as its weakest link

almost only counts in horseshoes and hand grenades

close only counts in horseshoes and darts

close only counts in horseshoes and hand grenades

From Middle English oonly, only, from Old English ānlīċ, ǣnlīċ (“only; singular; solitary”), from Proto-Germanic *ainalīkaz, equivalent to one + -ly. Cognate with obsolete Dutch eenlijk, German ähnlich (“similar”), Old Norse álíkr, Swedish enlig (“unified”). Regarding the different phonological development of only and one, see the note in one.


only

In his submission to the UN, [Christof] Heyns points to the experience of drones. Unmanned aerial vehicles were intended initially only for surveillance, and their use for offensive purposes was prohibited, yet once strategists realised their perceived advantages as a means of carrying out targeted killings, all objections were swept out of the way.

2013 June 7, Ed Pilkington, “‘Killer robots’ should be banned in advance, UN told”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 188, number 26, page 6:

My heart is hers, and hers only.

I threw out only him.

The cat sat only on the mat. It kept off the sofa.

Without others or anything further; exclusively.

To DAD
who only reared twelve children
and
To MOTHER
who reared twelve only children

1949, Frank B. Gilbreth, Jr. and Ernestine Gilbreth Carey, Cheaper by the Dozen, dedication

‘No. I only opened the door a foot and put my head in. The street lamps shine into that room. I could see him. He was all right. Sleeping like a great grampus. Poor, poor chap.’

1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 20, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:

[…] oot of a' six suspects there's not one that's been proved to ha' been nigh the place where the corpse was found, only Mr Graham.

1931, Dorothy L Sayers, chapter 24, in The Five Red Herrings:

Private-equity nabobs bristle at being dubbed mere financiers. Piling debt onto companies’ balance-sheets is only a small part of what leveraged buy-outs are about, they insist. Improving the workings of the businesses they take over is just as core to their calling, if not more so. Much of their pleading is public-relations bluster.

2013 June 22, “Engineers of a different kind”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8841, page 70:

The cat only sat on the mat. It didn't scratch it.

If there were only one more ticket!

c. 1924-1955, anonymous, The Urantia Book
Only yesterday did I feed you with bread for your bodies; today I offer you the bread of life for your hungry souls.

The dawn of the oil age was fairly recent. Although the stuff was used to waterproof boats in the Middle East 6,000 years ago, extracting it in earnest began only in 1859 after an oil strike in Pennsylvania. The first barrels of crude fetched $18 (around $450 at today’s prices).

2013 August 3, “Yesterday’s fuel”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8847:

He left only moments ago.

It's only fair to let him borrow your kite, after you've had his toys all day.

He'd been belittling her for years. It's only natural that she left.

Emphasizing something that is just or necessary.

She's only gone and run off with the milkman!

The van said ‘BURT’S BURGERS’ on one side and ‘BURT’S PEST CONTROL’ on the other. Zoe stared at the van. The creepy man was only using the same vehicle for catching rats that he did for frying burgers!

2012, David Walliams [pseudonym; David Edward Williams], Ratburger, London: HarperCollins Children’s Books, →ISBN:

(British) Used to express surprise or consternation at an action.

They rallied from a three-goal deficit only to lose in the final two minutes of play.

I helped him out only for him to betray me.

He met Luis Suarez's cross at the far post, only for Chelsea keeper Petr Cech to show brilliant reflexes to deflect his header on to the bar. Carroll turned away to lead Liverpool's insistent protests that the ball had crossed the line but referee Phil Dowd and assistant referee Andrew Garratt waved play on, with even a succession of replays proving inconclusive.

2012 May 5, Phil McNulty, “Chelsea 2-1 Liverpool”, in BBC Sport:

Introduces a disappointing or surprising outcome that renders futile something previously mentioned.

his most only elected mistress

1604 (date written), Iohn Marston [i.e., John Marston], Parasitaster, or The Fawne, […], London: […] T[homas] P[urfoot] for W[illiam] C[otton], published 1606, →OCLC, (please specify the page):

(obsolete) Above all others; particularly.

vetëm

without others or anything further; exclusively


only

You're welcome to borrow my bicycle, only please take care of it.

(informal, clause-initial) Introduces a clause with negative polarity, often one which upsets the listener's expectations.

I would enjoy running, only I have this broken leg.

She would get good results only she gets nervous.

You look like me, only shorter.

[…] and pleasant it was, only for the dust.

1664 April 22, The Diary of Samuel Pepys:

And Pharaoh said, I will let you go, that ye may sacrifice to the LORD your God in the wilderness; only ye shall not go very far away.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Exodus 8:28:


only

Sometimes, secondborns marry onlys and the conflicts are similar.

1995, Don Martin, Maggie Martin, Pat Jeffers, Is Your Family Making You Fat?, page 101:

The consistent finding […] that infants who are onlies do not differ from those who have siblings despite their lesser history of exposure to differential treatment is perplexing.

2013, Sybil L. Hart, Maria Legerstee, Handbook of Jealousy:

And in 2016, researchers in China took MRI brain scans and found that, compared with kids with siblings, onlies showed greater flexibility—a measurement of creativity—but lower agreeableness.

2022 November 1, Chiara Dello Joio, “Why Are People Weird About Only Children?”, in The Atlantic:

onlys (plural)
onlies (plural)
onely (alternative)
onlie (alternative)