"ing" meaning in English

See ing in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ɪŋ/ [Received-Pronunciation], /i(ː)ŋ/ [General-American] Forms: ings [plural]
enPR: ĭng [General-American], ēng [General-American] Rhymes: -ɪŋ, -iŋ Etymology: From Middle English ing, ynge, enge, from Old English ing, *eng (“a meadow; ing”), from Proto-Germanic *angijō (“meadow”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énkos (“a bend; curve; bowl; hollow; dell; glen”), from *h₂enk- (“to bend; curve; bow”). Cognate with Scots eng (“ing; meadow”), Dutch eng (“pasture; farmland”), Danish eng (“meadow”), Swedish äng (“meadow; field”), Norwegian eng (“meadow”), Faroese ong (“grassland; meadow; pasture”), Icelandic eng (“a meadow”), Icelandic engi (“a meadow; meadowland”). Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|ing}} Middle English ing, {{m|enm|ynge}} ynge, {{m|enm|enge}} enge, {{inh|en|ang|ing}} Old English ing, {{m|ang|*eng||a meadow; ing}} *eng (“a meadow; ing”), {{inh|en|gem-pro|*angijō||meadow}} Proto-Germanic *angijō (“meadow”), {{inh|en|ine-pro|*h₂énkos||a bend; curve; bowl; hollow; dell; glen}} Proto-Indo-European *h₂énkos (“a bend; curve; bowl; hollow; dell; glen”), {{m|ine-pro|*h₂enk-||to bend; curve; bow}} *h₂enk- (“to bend; curve; bow”), {{cog|sco|eng||ing; meadow}} Scots eng (“ing; meadow”), {{cog|nl|eng||pasture; farmland}} Dutch eng (“pasture; farmland”), {{cog|da|eng||meadow}} Danish eng (“meadow”), {{cog|sv|äng||meadow; field}} Swedish äng (“meadow; field”), {{m|nb|eng||meadow}} eng (“meadow”), {{m|fo|ong||grassland; meadow; pasture}} ong (“grassland; meadow; pasture”), {{m|is|eng||a meadow}} eng (“a meadow”), {{m|is|engi||a meadow; meadowland}} engi (“a meadow; meadowland”) Head templates: {{en-noun}} ing (plural ings)
  1. (now only in dialects) A meadow, especially a low meadow near a river; water meadow. Categories (topical): Water Categories (place): Landforms
    Sense id: en-ing-en-noun-qVGAd98h Disambiguation of Water: 77 23 Disambiguation of Landforms: 55 45 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 48 52
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: /ɪŋ/ [Received-Pronunciation], /i(ː)ŋ/ [General-American] Forms: ings [plural]
enPR: ĭng [General-American], ēng [General-American] Rhymes: -ɪŋ, -iŋ Etymology: From Pitman em and en, which it is related to phonetically and graphically, and the sound it represents. The change in vowel probably reflects the familiar suffix -ing. Head templates: {{en-noun}} ing (plural ings)
  1. The letter for the ng sound /ŋ/ in Pitman shorthand. Related terms: eng, the name of the IPA letter for this sound, ing-bing
    Sense id: en-ing-en-noun-v8ndZTLN Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 48 52
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for ing meaning in English (5.6kB)

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "ing"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English ing",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ynge"
      },
      "expansion": "ynge",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "enge"
      },
      "expansion": "enge",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "ing"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ing",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "*eng",
        "3": "",
        "4": "a meadow; ing"
      },
      "expansion": "*eng (“a meadow; ing”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*angijō",
        "4": "",
        "5": "meadow"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *angijō (“meadow”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂énkos",
        "4": "",
        "5": "a bend; curve; bowl; hollow; dell; glen"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂énkos (“a bend; curve; bowl; hollow; dell; glen”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*h₂enk-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to bend; curve; bow"
      },
      "expansion": "*h₂enk- (“to bend; curve; bow”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "2": "eng",
        "3": "",
        "4": "ing; meadow"
      },
      "expansion": "Scots eng (“ing; meadow”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "eng",
        "3": "",
        "4": "pasture; farmland"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch eng (“pasture; farmland”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "eng",
        "3": "",
        "4": "meadow"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish eng (“meadow”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "äng",
        "3": "",
        "4": "meadow; field"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish äng (“meadow; field”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nb",
        "2": "eng",
        "3": "",
        "4": "meadow"
      },
      "expansion": "eng (“meadow”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fo",
        "2": "ong",
        "3": "",
        "4": "grassland; meadow; pasture"
      },
      "expansion": "ong (“grassland; meadow; pasture”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "eng",
        "3": "",
        "4": "a meadow"
      },
      "expansion": "eng (“a meadow”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "engi",
        "3": "",
        "4": "a meadow; meadowland"
      },
      "expansion": "engi (“a meadow; meadowland”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English ing, ynge, enge, from Old English ing, *eng (“a meadow; ing”), from Proto-Germanic *angijō (“meadow”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énkos (“a bend; curve; bowl; hollow; dell; glen”), from *h₂enk- (“to bend; curve; bow”). Cognate with Scots eng (“ing; meadow”), Dutch eng (“pasture; farmland”), Danish eng (“meadow”), Swedish äng (“meadow; field”), Norwegian eng (“meadow”), Faroese ong (“grassland; meadow; pasture”), Icelandic eng (“a meadow”), Icelandic engi (“a meadow; meadowland”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ings",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "ing (plural ings)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "48 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "55 45",
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Landforms",
          "orig": "en:Landforms",
          "parents": [
            "Earth",
            "Places",
            "Nature",
            "Names",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "77 23",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Water",
          "orig": "en:Water",
          "parents": [
            "Liquids",
            "Matter",
            "Chemistry",
            "Nature",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Ings, glens, and fens of the Highlands.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1773, Journals of the House of Commons",
          "text": "Bill for dividing and inclosing certain open common fields, ings, common pastures, and other commonable lands.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1804, Marshall (William), On the Landed Property of England, possibly quoting an earlier work",
          "text": "[There] lay an extent of meadow grounds, in ings, to afford a supply of hay."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A meadow, especially a low meadow near a river; water meadow."
      ],
      "id": "en-ing-en-noun-qVGAd98h",
      "links": [
        [
          "meadow",
          "meadow"
        ],
        [
          "water meadow",
          "water meadow"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "now only in dialects",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(now only in dialects) A meadow, especially a low meadow near a river; water meadow."
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/i(ː)ŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɪŋ"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-iŋ"
    },
    {
      "enpr": "ĭng",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "enpr": "ēng",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ing"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_text": "From Pitman em and en, which it is related to phonetically and graphically, and the sound it represents. The change in vowel probably reflects the familiar suffix -ing.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ings",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "ing (plural ings)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "48 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The letter for the ng sound /ŋ/ in Pitman shorthand."
      ],
      "id": "en-ing-en-noun-v8ndZTLN",
      "links": [
        [
          "Pitman shorthand",
          "Pitman shorthand"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "eng"
        },
        {
          "word": "the name of the IPA letter for this sound"
        },
        {
          "word": "ing-bing"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/i(ː)ŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɪŋ"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-iŋ"
    },
    {
      "enpr": "ĭng",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "enpr": "ēng",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ing"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 1-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Old English",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Rhymes:English/iŋ",
    "Rhymes:English/iŋ/1 syllable",
    "Rhymes:English/ɪŋ",
    "Rhymes:English/ɪŋ/1 syllable",
    "en:Landforms",
    "en:Water"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "ing"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English ing",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ynge"
      },
      "expansion": "ynge",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "enge"
      },
      "expansion": "enge",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "ing"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ing",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "*eng",
        "3": "",
        "4": "a meadow; ing"
      },
      "expansion": "*eng (“a meadow; ing”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*angijō",
        "4": "",
        "5": "meadow"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *angijō (“meadow”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂énkos",
        "4": "",
        "5": "a bend; curve; bowl; hollow; dell; glen"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂énkos (“a bend; curve; bowl; hollow; dell; glen”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*h₂enk-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to bend; curve; bow"
      },
      "expansion": "*h₂enk- (“to bend; curve; bow”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "2": "eng",
        "3": "",
        "4": "ing; meadow"
      },
      "expansion": "Scots eng (“ing; meadow”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "eng",
        "3": "",
        "4": "pasture; farmland"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch eng (“pasture; farmland”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "eng",
        "3": "",
        "4": "meadow"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish eng (“meadow”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "äng",
        "3": "",
        "4": "meadow; field"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish äng (“meadow; field”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nb",
        "2": "eng",
        "3": "",
        "4": "meadow"
      },
      "expansion": "eng (“meadow”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fo",
        "2": "ong",
        "3": "",
        "4": "grassland; meadow; pasture"
      },
      "expansion": "ong (“grassland; meadow; pasture”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "eng",
        "3": "",
        "4": "a meadow"
      },
      "expansion": "eng (“a meadow”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "engi",
        "3": "",
        "4": "a meadow; meadowland"
      },
      "expansion": "engi (“a meadow; meadowland”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English ing, ynge, enge, from Old English ing, *eng (“a meadow; ing”), from Proto-Germanic *angijō (“meadow”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énkos (“a bend; curve; bowl; hollow; dell; glen”), from *h₂enk- (“to bend; curve; bow”). Cognate with Scots eng (“ing; meadow”), Dutch eng (“pasture; farmland”), Danish eng (“meadow”), Swedish äng (“meadow; field”), Norwegian eng (“meadow”), Faroese ong (“grassland; meadow; pasture”), Icelandic eng (“a meadow”), Icelandic engi (“a meadow; meadowland”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ings",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "ing (plural ings)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English dialectal terms",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English terms with usage examples",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Ings, glens, and fens of the Highlands.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1773, Journals of the House of Commons",
          "text": "Bill for dividing and inclosing certain open common fields, ings, common pastures, and other commonable lands.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1804, Marshall (William), On the Landed Property of England, possibly quoting an earlier work",
          "text": "[There] lay an extent of meadow grounds, in ings, to afford a supply of hay."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A meadow, especially a low meadow near a river; water meadow."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "meadow",
          "meadow"
        ],
        [
          "water meadow",
          "water meadow"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "now only in dialects",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(now only in dialects) A meadow, especially a low meadow near a river; water meadow."
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/i(ː)ŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɪŋ"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-iŋ"
    },
    {
      "enpr": "ĭng",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "enpr": "ēng",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ing"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 1-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Rhymes:English/iŋ",
    "Rhymes:English/iŋ/1 syllable",
    "Rhymes:English/ɪŋ",
    "Rhymes:English/ɪŋ/1 syllable",
    "en:Landforms",
    "en:Water"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_text": "From Pitman em and en, which it is related to phonetically and graphically, and the sound it represents. The change in vowel probably reflects the familiar suffix -ing.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ings",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "ing (plural ings)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "eng"
    },
    {
      "word": "the name of the IPA letter for this sound"
    },
    {
      "word": "ing-bing"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The letter for the ng sound /ŋ/ in Pitman shorthand."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Pitman shorthand",
          "Pitman shorthand"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/i(ː)ŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɪŋ"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-iŋ"
    },
    {
      "enpr": "ĭng",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "enpr": "ēng",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ing"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

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