in

The dog is in the kennel.

There were three pickles in a jar.

Used to indicate location, inclusion, or position within spatial, temporal or abstract limits.

I like living in the city.

There are lots of trees in the park.

He sat in the chair.

She stood in the spotlight.

GDP measures the total value of output in an economic territory.

2013 August 3, “Boundary problems”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8847:

We are in the enemy camp.

Her plane is in the air.

Waiter! There's a fly in my soup!

I glanced over at the pretty girl in the red dress.

Who’s the blonde in the sunhat over there?

There wasn't much of interest in her speech.

He hasn't got an original idea in him.

You are one in a million.

She's in an orchestra.

Part of; a member of; out of; from among.

My birthday is in the first week of December.

Easter falls in the fourth lunar month.

The country reached a high level of prosperity in his first term.

Will you be able to finish this in a week?

The massacre resulted in over 1000 deaths in three hours.

Within (a certain elapsed time); by the end of.

They said they would call us in a week.

Many English nouns in -is form their plurals in -es, while those in kn- are pronounced just /n/-.

Less water gets in your boots this way.

She stood there looking in the window longingly.

The ball was accidentally kicked in Kevin Nolan's face in the opening seconds of the contest – an incident that set the tone for an extremely uncomfortable encounter for the Premier League side.

2011 January 8, Paul Fletcher, “Stevenage 3-1 Newcastle”, in BBC:

In replacing the faucet washers, he felt he was making his contribution to the environment.

In trying to make amends, she actually made matters worse.

My aim in travelling there was to find my missing friend.

In returning to the vault, I had no very sure purpose in mind; only a vague surmise that this finding of Blackbeard's coffin would somehow lead to the finding of his treasure.

[1898], J[ohn] Meade Falkner, Moonfleet, London; Toronto, Ont.: Jonathan Cape, published 1934, →OCLC:

By (doing something); indicating action causing an effect or achieving a purpose.

My fat rolls around in folds.

The planes flew over in waves.

Arrange the chairs in a circle.

He stalked away in anger.

John is in a coma.

My fruit trees are in bud.

The company is in profit.

You've got a friend in me.

He's met his match in her.

Indicates, connotatively, a place-like form of someone's (or something's) personality, as his, her or its psychic and physical characteristics.

There has been no change in his condition.

What grade did he get in English?

Please pay me in cash — preferably in tens and twenties.

The deposit can be in any legal tender, even in gold.

Her generosity was rewarded in the success of its recipients.

[…] tourists sometimes attempt to pay in euros or British pounds.

2014, Carla Bethmann, Clean, Friendly, Profitable?: Tourism, page 114:

Used to indicate means, medium, format, genre, or instrumentality.

(of something offered or given in an exchange) In the form of, in the denomination of.

Beethoven's "Symphony No. 5" in C minor is among his most popular.

His speech was in French, but was simultaneously translated into eight languages.

When you write in cursive, it's illegible.

Military letters should be formal in tone, but not stilted.

Used to indicate a language, script, tone, etc. of a text, speech, etc.

בְּ־

written together with the following word

e

before masculine noun, without article; before feminine noun, with article "l'"

PIE word
 *h₁en
Preposition and verb from Middle English in, from Old English in, from Proto-Germanic *in.
Adverb, noun and adjective from Middle English in, from Old English inn and inne, from Proto-Germanic *innai.
Sense 1/2 "in"/"into" are from the original PIE prefix, with locative/accusative case respectively. Sense 3/4 "qualification"/"means" are from the PIE metaphor of all infinitives coming from locatives.


in

He that ears my land spares my team and gives me leave to in the crop.

c. 1604–1605 (date written), William Shakespeare, “All’s Well, that Ends Well”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iii]:

(obsolete, transitive) To take in; to harvest.

en-verb

in (third-person singular simple present ins, present participle inning, simple past and past participle inned)

ins (present singular third-person)
inning (participle present)
inned (participle past)
inned (past)
i' (alternative colloquial poetic)


in

Suddenly a strange man walked in.

Would you like that to take away or eat in?

He ran to the edge of the swimming pool and dived in.

Orion hit a rabbit once; but though sore wounded it got to the bury, and, struggling in, the arrow caught the side of the hole and was drawn out. Indeed, a nail filed sharp is not of much avail as an arrowhead; you must have it barbed, and that was a little beyond our skill.

1879, R[ichard] J[efferies], chapter II, in The Amateur Poacher, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], →OCLC:

At or towards the interior of a defined space, such as a building or room.

They flew in from London last night.

For six hours the tide flows in, then for another six hours it flows out.

Towards the speaker or other reference point.

Bring the water to the boil and drop the vegetables in.

So as to be enclosed or surrounded by something.

The show still didn't become interesting 20 minutes in.

The Black Cats had a mountain to climb after James Morrison's header and Shane Long's neat side-foot finish gave Albion a 2-0 lead five minutes in.

2011 October 1, Phil Dawkes, “Sunderland 2-2 West Brom”, in BBC Sport:

sing-in, pray-in, hug-in; see also be-in, love-in, sit-in, teach-in.

(in combination, after a verb) Denotes a gathering of people assembled for the stated activity, sometimes, though not always, suggesting a protest.


in

His parents got him an in with the company.

Holleran's and White's diminishing capacities as writers does not affect their publishing ins': the writer the house knows is always better than the writer the house doesn't know.

1987 February 1, T. R. Witomski, “Zeitgeist or Poltergeist? Why Gay Books Are So Bad”, in Gay Community News, volume 14, number 28, page 9:

A position of power or influence, or a way to get it.

This memoir has nothing to do with the question between the ins and the outs; it is intended neither to support nor to assail the administration; it is general in its views upon a general and national subject; […]

1827, Benjamin Chew, A Sketch of the Politics, Relations, and Statistics, of the Western World, page 192:

(chiefly in the plural) One who, or that which, is in; especially, one who is in office.

(sports) The state of a batter/batsman who is currently batting; see innings.

ins (plural)
i' (alternative colloquial poetic)


in

Is Mr. Smith in?

(not comparable) Located indoors, especially at home or at one's office or place of work.

Little by little I pushed the snake into the basket, until finally all of it was in.

The bullet is about five centimetres in.

(not comparable) Located inside something.

If the tennis ball bounces on the line then it's in.

(sports, of the ball or other playing implement) Falling or remaining within the bounds of the playing area.

I've discovered why the TV wasn't working – the plug wasn't in!

The replies to the questionnaires are now all in.

Skirts are in this year.

Pierce a new hole
If Hell was in you'd give your soul
To the great southern trendkill

1996, “The Great Southern Trendkill”, performed by Pantera:

the in train

(nautical, of the sails of a vessel) Furled or stowed.

You can't get round the headland when the tide's in.

Of the tide, at or near its highest level.

in by descent; in by purchase; in of the seisin of her husband

(law) With privilege or possession; used to denote a holding, possession, or seisin

He is very in with the Joneses.

“[…] He […] took a rifle out of the batch and shot at me. I was lucky he was such a crummy shot.”
“Why would he do that?”
“I think he's in with them, Doctor.”
“Them? You mean Ned and Cody?”
“All of them. Hickok, the split tail, the whole lot.”

2010, Joe R. Lansdale, Flaming Zeppelins: The Adventures of Ned the Seal, page 123:

Having familiarity or involvement with somebody.

I need to keep in with the neighbours in case I ever need a favour from them.

I think that bird fancies you. You're in there, mate!

I saw this thing on ITV the other week,
Said, that if she played with her hair, she's probably keen
She's playing with her hair, well regularly,
So I reckon I could well be in.

(informal) Having a favourable position, such as a position of influence or expected gain, in relation to another person.

Blocks of compressed coal keep the fire in for a long time, but they give out very little heat.

1888, H.C. O’Neill, Edith A. Barnett, Our Nurses and the Work They Have to Do, page 81:

“At all events,” said the Doctor, “the fire’s in, and here’s the camp-oven, too. Somebody will be here soon. I will go in and light my pipe.”

1894, Henry Kingsley, The Recollections of Geoffry Hamlyn - Volume 2, page 183:

Was there any person in your own house at Renmore to keep the fire in while you were here?.

1901, William Francis Barry, The Wizard’s Knot, page 231:

Normally when they camped in the wild they took turns to sit up and keep the fire in while the others slept, […].

2011, Rosemary Sutcliff, The Eagle of the Ninth Chronicles:

He turned and started making up the range to keep the fire in overnight, and heard the front door click and Grant’s motor fire up. Sleep. He needed to sleep.

2019, A.L.Lester, Shadows on the Border:

(of fire or fuel) (British, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand) Burning; ablaze.

I'm three drinks in right now.

I was 500 dollars in when the stock crashed.

Having used, consumed , or invested a certain amount.

en-adj

in (comparative more in, superlative most in)

more in (comparative)
most in (superlative)
i' (alternative colloquial poetic)

→ Portuguese: in


in

ins (plural)
in (plural)
in. (alternative)