"hypergamous" meaning in English

See hypergamous in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

Forms: more hypergamous [comparative], most hypergamous [superlative]
Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *úp Proto-Indo-European *-er Proto-Indo-European *upér Proto-Hellenic *hupér Ancient Greek ῠ̔πέρ (hŭpér) Ancient Greek ῠ̔περ- (hŭper-)der. English hyper- Proto-Indo-European *ǵem-der. Ancient Greek γάμος (gámos) Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂ Proto-Hellenic *-íā Ancient Greek -ῐ́ᾱ (-ĭ́ā) Ancient Greek -γαμία (-gamía)bor. English -gamy Proto-Indo-European *h₃ed- Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Indo-European *h₃édosder.? Proto-Italic *-ŏ̄dsos? Old Latin -ōssus Latin -ōsus Old French -usbor. Middle English -ous English -ous English -gamous English hypergamous From hyper- + -gamous. Etymology templates: {{etymon|en|:af|hyper-|-gamous|tree=1}} Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *úp Proto-Indo-European *-er Proto-Indo-European *upér Proto-Hellenic *hupér Ancient Greek ῠ̔πέρ (hŭpér) Ancient Greek ῠ̔περ- (hŭper-)der. English hyper- Proto-Indo-European *ǵem-der. Ancient Greek γάμος (gámos) Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂ Proto-Hellenic *-íā Ancient Greek -ῐ́ᾱ (-ĭ́ā) Ancient Greek -γαμία (-gamía)bor. English -gamy Proto-Indo-European *h₃ed- Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Indo-European *h₃édosder.? Proto-Italic *-ŏ̄dsos? Old Latin -ōssus Latin -ōsus Old French -usbor. Middle English -ous English -ous English -gamous English hypergamous [Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*úp", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "alt" : "*-er", "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-r", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*upér", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Hellenic", "term" : "*hupér", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "grk-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Ancient Greek", "term" : "ῠ̔πέρ", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "grc" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "lang_name" : "Ancient Greek", "term" : "ῠ̔περ-", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "grc" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "hyper-", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" }, { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "bor.", "keyword_label" : "Borrowed from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "gloss" : "marriage", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "to marry", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*ǵem-", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Ancient Greek", "term" : "γάμος", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "grc" }, { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "alt" : "*-i-eh₂", "id" : "i-extension", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "o-grade", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "collective nouns", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-h₂", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-éh₂", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-éh₂", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Hellenic", "term" : "*-íā", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "grk-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Ancient Greek", "term" : "-ῐ́ᾱ", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "grc", "pos" : "noun-forming suffix" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Ancient Greek", "term" : "-γαμία", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "grc" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "-gamy", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" }, { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "bor.", "keyword_label" : "Borrowed from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "alt" : "*-ŏ̄dsos", "is_uncertain" : true, "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "status" : "inline", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "alt" : "*h₃édos", "is_uncertain" : true, "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "status" : "inline", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "smell", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*h₃ed-", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "id" : "athematic", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-os", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Latin", "term" : "-ōssus", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "itc-ola" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-ōsus", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old French", "term" : "-us", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "fro" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "lang_name" : "Middle English", "term" : "-ous", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "enm" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "-ous", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "-gamous", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "hypergamous", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" }" data-lang="en" data-title="hypergamous">, {{af|en|hyper-|-gamous}} hyper- + -gamous Head templates: {{en-adj}} hypergamous (comparative more hypergamous, superlative most hypergamous)
  1. Of, pertaining to, or exhibiting hypergamy. Derived forms: hypergamously
{
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  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *úp\nProto-Indo-European *-er\nProto-Indo-European *upér\nProto-Hellenic *hupér\nAncient Greek ῠ̔πέρ (hŭpér)\nAncient Greek ῠ̔περ- (hŭper-)der.\nEnglish hyper-\nProto-Indo-European *ǵem-der.\nAncient Greek γάμος (gámos)\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂\nProto-Hellenic *-íā\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ᾱ (-ĭ́ā)\nAncient Greek -γαμία (-gamía)bor.\nEnglish -gamy\nProto-Indo-European *h₃ed-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *h₃édosder.?\nProto-Italic *-ŏ̄dsos?\nOld Latin -ōssus\nLatin -ōsus\nOld French -usbor.\nMiddle English -ous\nEnglish -ous\nEnglish -gamous\nEnglish hypergamous\nFrom hyper- + -gamous.",
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  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
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          "ref": "1999, Susan Bayly, Caste, Society and Politics in India from the Eighteenth Century to the Modern Age, Cambridge University Press, published 2001, →ISBN, page 124:",
          "text": "This is, in fact, an issue on which modern anthropologists have been divided, particularly among those north Indians who are held to practise hypergamous 'upward' marriage.",
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          "ref": "2005, David P. Barash, Nanelle R. Barash, Madame Bovary's Ovaries: A Darwinian Look at Literature, Dell, published 2008, →ISBN, page 67:",
          "text": "Readers can't help siding with Jane's heroines, so sympathetically portrayed in their efforts to get the right man, whereas Becky Sharp may well represent male distrust of scheming hypergamous females.",
          "type": "quotation"
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          "ref": "2011, Vanessa L. Fong, Paradise Redefined: Transnational Chinese Students and the Quest for Flexible Citizenship in the Developed World, Stanford University Press, →ISBN, page 128:",
          "text": "Some Chinese citizens even praised male Chinese citizens they knew for having enough status, wealth, charm, and good looks to attract non-Chinese women, who were presumed to desire the same hypergamous relationships that Chinese women were presumed to desire.",
          "type": "quotation"
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\"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"*-er\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-r\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*upér\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*hupér\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"ῠ̔πέρ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"ῠ̔περ-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"hyper-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"marriage\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to marry\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵem-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"γάμος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-i-eh₂\", \"id\" : \"i-extension\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"o-grade\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-íā\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ῐ́ᾱ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\", \"pos\" : \"noun-forming suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-γαμία\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-gamy\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-ŏ̄dsos\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*h₃édos\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"smell\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₃ed-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"athematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ōssus\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-ola\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ōsus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-us\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ous\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ous\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-gamous\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"hypergamous\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"hypergamous\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "hyper-",
        "3": "-gamous"
      },
      "expansion": "hyper- + -gamous",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *úp\nProto-Indo-European *-er\nProto-Indo-European *upér\nProto-Hellenic *hupér\nAncient Greek ῠ̔πέρ (hŭpér)\nAncient Greek ῠ̔περ- (hŭper-)der.\nEnglish hyper-\nProto-Indo-European *ǵem-der.\nAncient Greek γάμος (gámos)\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂\nProto-Hellenic *-íā\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ᾱ (-ĭ́ā)\nAncient Greek -γαμία (-gamía)bor.\nEnglish -gamy\nProto-Indo-European *h₃ed-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *h₃édosder.?\nProto-Italic *-ŏ̄dsos?\nOld Latin -ōssus\nLatin -ōsus\nOld French -usbor.\nMiddle English -ous\nEnglish -ous\nEnglish -gamous\nEnglish hypergamous\nFrom hyper- + -gamous.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "more hypergamous",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most hypergamous",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "hypergamous (comparative more hypergamous, superlative most hypergamous)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English adjectives",
        "English entries with etymology trees",
        "English entries with etymon",
        "English entries with incorrect language header",
        "English lemmas",
        "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃ed- (smell)",
        "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵem-",
        "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *upér",
        "English terms prefixed with hyper-",
        "English terms suffixed with -gamous",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "Pages using etymon with no ID",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Pages with etymology trees",
        "Pages with etymon"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              142,
              153
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1999, Susan Bayly, Caste, Society and Politics in India from the Eighteenth Century to the Modern Age, Cambridge University Press, published 2001, →ISBN, page 124:",
          "text": "This is, in fact, an issue on which modern anthropologists have been divided, particularly among those north Indians who are held to practise hypergamous 'upward' marriage.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              181,
              192
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2005, David P. Barash, Nanelle R. Barash, Madame Bovary's Ovaries: A Darwinian Look at Literature, Dell, published 2008, →ISBN, page 67:",
          "text": "Readers can't help siding with Jane's heroines, so sympathetically portrayed in their efforts to get the right man, whereas Becky Sharp may well represent male distrust of scheming hypergamous females.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              190,
              201
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2011, Vanessa L. Fong, Paradise Redefined: Transnational Chinese Students and the Quest for Flexible Citizenship in the Developed World, Stanford University Press, →ISBN, page 128:",
          "text": "Some Chinese citizens even praised male Chinese citizens they knew for having enough status, wealth, charm, and good looks to attract non-Chinese women, who were presumed to desire the same hypergamous relationships that Chinese women were presumed to desire.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Of, pertaining to, or exhibiting hypergamy."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hypergamy",
          "hypergamy"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "hypergamous"
}

Download raw JSONL data for hypergamous meaning in English (9.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.