"higher criticism" meaning in English

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "de",
        "3": "höhere Kritik"
      },
      "expansion": "Calque of German höhere Kritik",
      "name": "calque"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "lower criticism"
      },
      "expansion": "lower criticism",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "textual criticism"
      },
      "expansion": "textual criticism",
      "name": "l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Calque of German höhere Kritik. Originally in contrast to lower criticism (now dated), i.e. textual criticism, the reconstruction of the text itself.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "higher criticism (uncountable)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
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        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
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          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "History",
          "orig": "en:History",
          "parents": [
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Theology",
          "orig": "en:Theology",
          "parents": [
            "Philosophy",
            "Religion",
            "All topics",
            "Culture",
            "Fundamental",
            "Society"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Synonym of historical criticism (“study of received texts, especially the Bible, as historical sources”)."
      ],
      "id": "en-higher_criticism-en-noun-1KIfZBS-",
      "links": [
        [
          "historical criticism",
          "historical criticism#English"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "extra": "study of received texts, especially the Bible, as historical sources",
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "historical criticism"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "higher criticism"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "de",
        "3": "höhere Kritik"
      },
      "expansion": "Calque of German höhere Kritik",
      "name": "calque"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "lower criticism"
      },
      "expansion": "lower criticism",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "textual criticism"
      },
      "expansion": "textual criticism",
      "name": "l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Calque of German höhere Kritik. Originally in contrast to lower criticism (now dated), i.e. textual criticism, the reconstruction of the text itself.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "higher criticism (uncountable)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
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        "English entries with incorrect language header",
        "English lemmas",
        "English multiword terms",
        "English nouns",
        "English terms calqued from German",
        "English terms derived from German",
        "English uncountable nouns",
        "en:History",
        "en:Theology"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Synonym of historical criticism (“study of received texts, especially the Bible, as historical sources”)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "historical criticism",
          "historical criticism#English"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "extra": "study of received texts, especially the Bible, as historical sources",
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "historical criticism"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "higher criticism"
}