"halo orbit" meaning in English

{
  "etymology_text": "First used by NASA mission specialist Robert W. Farquhar in 1966 for calculated orbits around the Earth-Moon L₂ point which required the use of thrusters to be made periodic.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "halo orbits",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "halo orbit (plural halo orbits)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Lagrange points",
          "orig": "en:Lagrange points",
          "parents": [
            "Orbits",
            "Astronautics",
            "Curves",
            "Gravity",
            "Space",
            "Applied sciences",
            "Shapes",
            "Acceleration",
            "Astrophysics",
            "Mechanics",
            "Nature",
            "Sciences",
            "Geometry",
            "Physics",
            "Astronomy",
            "All topics",
            "Mathematics",
            "Fundamental",
            "Formal sciences"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Orbits",
          "orig": "en:Orbits",
          "parents": [
            "Astronautics",
            "Curves",
            "Gravity",
            "Space",
            "Applied sciences",
            "Shapes",
            "Acceleration",
            "Astrophysics",
            "Mechanics",
            "Nature",
            "Sciences",
            "Geometry",
            "Physics",
            "Astronomy",
            "All topics",
            "Mathematics",
            "Fundamental",
            "Formal sciences"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "alt": "= quasi-periodic halo orbit",
          "word": "quasi-halo orbit"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2001, G. Gómez, À. Jorba, J. Masdemont, C.Simó, Dynamics and Mission Design Near Libration Points, Volume III, World Scientific, page 93",
          "text": "Due to the strong hyperbolic character of the halo orbits, the stable manifold approaches the halo orbit in a very fast way. This fact means that if we are able to put the satellite in the stable manifold of a halo orbit, it will be close to the halo orbit (say at [a] few km) in a reasonable period of time.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "text": "2013, Yuhui Zhao, Shoucun Hu, Xiyun Hou, Lin Liu, Chapter 39: On Nominal Formation Flying Orbit with a Small Solar System Body, Rongjun Shen, Weiping Qian (editors), Proceedings of the 26th Conference of Spacecraft TT&C Technology in China, Tsinghua University Press, Springer, Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 187, page 395,\nIf the ratio of the amplitude in x-direction to γ₁ keeps unchanged (=0.155), the periods of halo orbits are almost the same (about 190 days). As a result of the stability of CRTBP and the dynamics of halo orbit formation, nominal halo orbits do not exist if the ratio is too large or too small."
        },
        {
          "ref": "2013, Daniel García Yárnoz, Joan-Pau Sanchez, Colin R. McInnes, “Chapter 21: Opportunities for Asteroid Retrieval Missions”, in Viorel Badescu, editor, Asteroids: Prospective Energy and Material Resources, Springer, page 486",
          "text": "Thus, the minimum possible size for halo orbits in the Sun-Earth system is approximately (240 x 660) 10³ km at L₁ and (250 x 675) 10³ km at L₂, sizes denoting the maximum excursion from the libration point in the x and y directions respectively.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A periodic, three-dimensional orbit about any one of the Lagrange points L₁, L₂ or L₃ of a two-body gravitational system."
      ],
      "id": "en-halo_orbit-en-noun-HH53rbcG",
      "links": [
        [
          "periodic",
          "periodic"
        ],
        [
          "three-dimensional",
          "three-dimensional"
        ],
        [
          "orbit",
          "orbit"
        ],
        [
          "Lagrange point",
          "Lagrange point"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "orbital mechanics",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(orbital mechanics) A periodic, three-dimensional orbit about any one of the Lagrange points L₁, L₂ or L₃ of a two-body gravitational system."
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "Lissajous orbit"
        },
        {
          "word": "Lyapunov orbit"
        }
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "type of orbit about a Lagrange point",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "orbite de halo"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "type of orbit about a Lagrange point",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Halo-Orbit"
        },
        {
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "type of orbit about a Lagrange point",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "orbita halo"
        }
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Robert W. Farquhar",
        "halo orbit"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "halo orbit"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "alt": "= quasi-periodic halo orbit",
      "word": "quasi-halo orbit"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "First used by NASA mission specialist Robert W. Farquhar in 1966 for calculated orbits around the Earth-Moon L₂ point which required the use of thrusters to be made periodic.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "halo orbits",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "halo orbit (plural halo orbits)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "Lissajous orbit"
    },
    {
      "word": "Lyapunov orbit"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English countable nouns",
        "English entries with incorrect language header",
        "English lemmas",
        "English multiword terms",
        "English nouns",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "en:Lagrange points",
        "en:Orbits"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2001, G. Gómez, À. Jorba, J. Masdemont, C.Simó, Dynamics and Mission Design Near Libration Points, Volume III, World Scientific, page 93",
          "text": "Due to the strong hyperbolic character of the halo orbits, the stable manifold approaches the halo orbit in a very fast way. This fact means that if we are able to put the satellite in the stable manifold of a halo orbit, it will be close to the halo orbit (say at [a] few km) in a reasonable period of time.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "text": "2013, Yuhui Zhao, Shoucun Hu, Xiyun Hou, Lin Liu, Chapter 39: On Nominal Formation Flying Orbit with a Small Solar System Body, Rongjun Shen, Weiping Qian (editors), Proceedings of the 26th Conference of Spacecraft TT&C Technology in China, Tsinghua University Press, Springer, Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 187, page 395,\nIf the ratio of the amplitude in x-direction to γ₁ keeps unchanged (=0.155), the periods of halo orbits are almost the same (about 190 days). As a result of the stability of CRTBP and the dynamics of halo orbit formation, nominal halo orbits do not exist if the ratio is too large or too small."
        },
        {
          "ref": "2013, Daniel García Yárnoz, Joan-Pau Sanchez, Colin R. McInnes, “Chapter 21: Opportunities for Asteroid Retrieval Missions”, in Viorel Badescu, editor, Asteroids: Prospective Energy and Material Resources, Springer, page 486",
          "text": "Thus, the minimum possible size for halo orbits in the Sun-Earth system is approximately (240 x 660) 10³ km at L₁ and (250 x 675) 10³ km at L₂, sizes denoting the maximum excursion from the libration point in the x and y directions respectively.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A periodic, three-dimensional orbit about any one of the Lagrange points L₁, L₂ or L₃ of a two-body gravitational system."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "periodic",
          "periodic"
        ],
        [
          "three-dimensional",
          "three-dimensional"
        ],
        [
          "orbit",
          "orbit"
        ],
        [
          "Lagrange point",
          "Lagrange point"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "orbital mechanics",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(orbital mechanics) A periodic, three-dimensional orbit about any one of the Lagrange points L₁, L₂ or L₃ of a two-body gravitational system."
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Robert W. Farquhar",
        "halo orbit"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "type of orbit about a Lagrange point",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "orbite de halo"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "type of orbit about a Lagrange point",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Halo-Orbit"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "type of orbit about a Lagrange point",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "orbita halo"
    }
  ],
  "word": "halo orbit"
}