See gnast in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for gnast meaning in English (6.3kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "gnast"
},
"expansion": "Middle English gnast",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "knast"
},
"expansion": "knast",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*gnāst",
"t": "spark"
},
"expansion": "Old English *gnāst (“spark”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "fȳrgnāst",
"t": "spark of fire"
},
"expansion": "fȳrgnāst (“spark of fire”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*gahnaistô",
"t": "spark"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gahnaistô (“spark”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*ga-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ga-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hnaistô",
"t": "spark"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hnaistô (“spark”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"title": "imitative"
},
"expansion": "imitative",
"name": "onomatopoeic"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "knistern",
"3": "",
"4": "to crackle"
},
"expansion": "German knistern (“to crackle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "German",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Ganster",
"3": "",
"4": "spark"
},
"expansion": "Ganster (“spark”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "gnist",
"3": "",
"4": "spark, sparkle"
},
"expansion": "Danish gnist (“spark, sparkle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gnista",
"3": "",
"4": "spark"
},
"expansion": "Swedish gnista (“spark”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "gneisti"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic gneisti",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "neisti",
"3": "",
"4": "spark"
},
"expansion": "neisti (“spark”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Gneis",
"3": "",
"4": "spark, gneiss"
},
"expansion": "German Gneis (“spark, gneiss”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gneiss"
},
"expansion": "English gneiss",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English gnast, knast, from Old English *gnāst (“spark”) (attested in fȳrgnāst (“spark of fire”)), from Proto-Germanic *gahnaistô (“spark”), from Proto-Germanic *ga- + Proto-Germanic *hnaistô (“spark”), perhaps from the ultimate (imitative) source of German knistern (“to crackle”).\nCognate with German dialectal Ganster (“spark”), Danish gnist (“spark, sparkle”), Swedish gnista (“spark”), Icelandic gneisti, neisti (“spark”), German Gneis (“spark, gneiss”) (whence English gneiss).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gnasts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gnast (plural gnasts)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "73 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English onomatopoeias",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "71 14 2 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "65 15 2 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A spark; a dying or dead spark, as of a snuffed candle."
],
"id": "en-gnast-en-noun-L5fZ5pby",
"links": [
[
"spark",
"spark"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A spark; a dying or dead spark, as of a snuffed candle."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"rhymes": "-æst"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "gnast"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "gnasten"
},
"expansion": "Middle English gnasten",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gnaisten"
},
"expansion": "gnaisten",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*gnǣstan"
},
"expansion": "Old English *gnǣstan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*gnaistijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gnaistijaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*gnīstijaną",
"t": "to grind"
},
"expansion": "*gnīstijaną (“to grind”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰneydh-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰneydh-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*gʰneyd-",
"t": "to gnaw, scratch, rub"
},
"expansion": "*gʰneyd- (“to gnaw, scratch, rub”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "knasterje",
"3": "",
"4": "to gnash"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian knasterje (“to gnash”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "gnatschen",
"3": "",
"4": "to knead, gnash"
},
"expansion": "German Low German gnatschen (“to knead, gnash”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "knastern",
"3": "",
"4": "to gnash"
},
"expansion": "German knastern (“to gnash”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "gnesta",
"3": "",
"4": "to crack"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic gnesta (“to crack”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English gnasten, gnaisten, from Old English *gnǣstan, from Proto-Germanic *gnaistijaną, causative of *gnīstijaną (“to grind”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰneydh-, *gʰneyd- (“to gnaw, scratch, rub”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian knasterje (“to gnash”), German Low German gnatschen (“to knead, gnash”), German knastern (“to gnash”), Icelandic gnesta (“to crack”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gnasts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gnasting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gnasted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gnasted",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gnast (third-person singular simple present gnasts, present participle gnasting, simple past and past participle gnasted)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"derived": [
{
"word": "gnasting"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To gnash."
],
"id": "en-gnast-en-verb-89I~z10u",
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive"
],
[
"gnash",
"gnash"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, intransitive, obsolete) To gnash."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"rhymes": "-æst"
}
],
"word": "gnast"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English onomatopoeias",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English verbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:English/æst",
"Rhymes:English/æst/1 syllable",
"enm:Fire"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "gnast"
},
"expansion": "Middle English gnast",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "knast"
},
"expansion": "knast",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*gnāst",
"t": "spark"
},
"expansion": "Old English *gnāst (“spark”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "fȳrgnāst",
"t": "spark of fire"
},
"expansion": "fȳrgnāst (“spark of fire”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*gahnaistô",
"t": "spark"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gahnaistô (“spark”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*ga-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ga-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hnaistô",
"t": "spark"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hnaistô (“spark”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"title": "imitative"
},
"expansion": "imitative",
"name": "onomatopoeic"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "knistern",
"3": "",
"4": "to crackle"
},
"expansion": "German knistern (“to crackle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "German",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Ganster",
"3": "",
"4": "spark"
},
"expansion": "Ganster (“spark”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "gnist",
"3": "",
"4": "spark, sparkle"
},
"expansion": "Danish gnist (“spark, sparkle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gnista",
"3": "",
"4": "spark"
},
"expansion": "Swedish gnista (“spark”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "gneisti"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic gneisti",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "neisti",
"3": "",
"4": "spark"
},
"expansion": "neisti (“spark”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Gneis",
"3": "",
"4": "spark, gneiss"
},
"expansion": "German Gneis (“spark, gneiss”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gneiss"
},
"expansion": "English gneiss",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English gnast, knast, from Old English *gnāst (“spark”) (attested in fȳrgnāst (“spark of fire”)), from Proto-Germanic *gahnaistô (“spark”), from Proto-Germanic *ga- + Proto-Germanic *hnaistô (“spark”), perhaps from the ultimate (imitative) source of German knistern (“to crackle”).\nCognate with German dialectal Ganster (“spark”), Danish gnist (“spark, sparkle”), Swedish gnista (“spark”), Icelandic gneisti, neisti (“spark”), German Gneis (“spark, gneiss”) (whence English gneiss).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gnasts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gnast (plural gnasts)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A spark; a dying or dead spark, as of a snuffed candle."
],
"links": [
[
"spark",
"spark"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A spark; a dying or dead spark, as of a snuffed candle."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"rhymes": "-æst"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "gnast"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English verbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:English/æst",
"Rhymes:English/æst/1 syllable",
"enm:Fire"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "gnasting"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "gnasten"
},
"expansion": "Middle English gnasten",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gnaisten"
},
"expansion": "gnaisten",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*gnǣstan"
},
"expansion": "Old English *gnǣstan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*gnaistijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gnaistijaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*gnīstijaną",
"t": "to grind"
},
"expansion": "*gnīstijaną (“to grind”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰneydh-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰneydh-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*gʰneyd-",
"t": "to gnaw, scratch, rub"
},
"expansion": "*gʰneyd- (“to gnaw, scratch, rub”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "knasterje",
"3": "",
"4": "to gnash"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian knasterje (“to gnash”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "gnatschen",
"3": "",
"4": "to knead, gnash"
},
"expansion": "German Low German gnatschen (“to knead, gnash”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "knastern",
"3": "",
"4": "to gnash"
},
"expansion": "German knastern (“to gnash”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "gnesta",
"3": "",
"4": "to crack"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic gnesta (“to crack”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English gnasten, gnaisten, from Old English *gnǣstan, from Proto-Germanic *gnaistijaną, causative of *gnīstijaną (“to grind”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰneydh-, *gʰneyd- (“to gnaw, scratch, rub”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian knasterje (“to gnash”), German Low German gnatschen (“to knead, gnash”), German knastern (“to gnash”), Icelandic gnesta (“to crack”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gnasts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gnasting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gnasted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gnasted",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gnast (third-person singular simple present gnasts, present participle gnasting, simple past and past participle gnasted)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To gnash."
],
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive"
],
[
"gnash",
"gnash"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, intransitive, obsolete) To gnash."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"rhymes": "-æst"
}
],
"word": "gnast"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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