See foulness in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{ "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "foulnesse" }, "expansion": "Middle English foulnesse", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "fūlnes", "4": "", "5": "foulness" }, "expansion": "Old English fūlnes (“foulness”)", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "foul", "3": "ness" }, "expansion": "foul + -ness", "name": "suffix" }, { "args": { "1": "nl", "2": "vuilnis", "t": "rubbish; garbage; trash" }, "expansion": "Dutch vuilnis (“rubbish; garbage; trash”)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Middle English foulnesse, foulnes, from Old English fūlnes (“foulness”), equivalent to foul + -ness. Compare Dutch vuilnis (“rubbish; garbage; trash”).", "forms": [ { "form": "foulnesses", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "~" }, "expansion": "foulness (countable and uncountable, plural foulnesses)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "English entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "English terms suffixed with -ness", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Entries with translation boxes", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Latin translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" } ], "glosses": [ "The state of being foul." ], "id": "en-foulness-en-noun-IwFVHhNE", "links": [ [ "foul", "foul" ] ], "tags": [ "countable", "uncountable" ], "translations": [ { "code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "psóthos", "sense": "state of being foul", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "ψόθος" }, { "code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "state of being foul", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "foeditās" } ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈfaʊəl.nəs/", "tags": [ "UK" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈfaʊl̩.nəs/", "tags": [ "UK" ] } ], "word": "foulness" }
{ "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "foulnesse" }, "expansion": "Middle English foulnesse", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "fūlnes", "4": "", "5": "foulness" }, "expansion": "Old English fūlnes (“foulness”)", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "foul", "3": "ness" }, "expansion": "foul + -ness", "name": "suffix" }, { "args": { "1": "nl", "2": "vuilnis", "t": "rubbish; garbage; trash" }, "expansion": "Dutch vuilnis (“rubbish; garbage; trash”)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Middle English foulnesse, foulnes, from Old English fūlnes (“foulness”), equivalent to foul + -ness. Compare Dutch vuilnis (“rubbish; garbage; trash”).", "forms": [ { "form": "foulnesses", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "~" }, "expansion": "foulness (countable and uncountable, plural foulnesses)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms suffixed with -ness", "English uncountable nouns", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Latin translations" ], "glosses": [ "The state of being foul." ], "links": [ [ "foul", "foul" ] ], "tags": [ "countable", "uncountable" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈfaʊəl.nəs/", "tags": [ "UK" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈfaʊl̩.nəs/", "tags": [ "UK" ] } ], "translations": [ { "code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "psóthos", "sense": "state of being foul", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "ψόθος" }, { "code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "state of being foul", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "foeditās" } ], "word": "foulness" }
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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (9a96ef4 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.