"down-" meaning in English

See down- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Prefix

Etymology: From Middle English down-, doun-, dun-, from Old English dūne- (“down-”), from dūne (“down, downward”). More at down. Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|down-}} Middle English down-, {{m|enm|doun-}} doun-, {{m|enm|dun-}} dun-, {{inh|en|ang|dūne-|t=down-}} Old English dūne- (“down-”), {{m|ang|dūne|t=down, downward}} dūne (“down, downward”), {{l|en|down}} down Head templates: {{head|en|prefix|head=|sort=}} down-, {{en-prefix}} down-
  1. Decrease. Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-down--en-prefix-YdHFzFHn
  2. Lower position or direction, literally or figuratively. Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-down--en-prefix-R3GePy7s Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with language name categories using raw markup, English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 20 56 24 Disambiguation of English entries with language name categories using raw markup: 14 59 28 Disambiguation of English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 17 61 22
  3. De-emphasis. Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-down--en-prefix-inEhiZAd

Download JSON data for down- meaning in English (2.3kB)

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      "args": {
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        "3": "down-"
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      "expansion": "Middle English down-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
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        "2": "doun-"
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      "expansion": "doun-",
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    {
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      "expansion": "Old English dūne- (“down-”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "dūne",
        "t": "down, downward"
      },
      "expansion": "dūne (“down, downward”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "down"
      },
      "expansion": "down",
      "name": "l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English down-, doun-, dun-, from Old English dūne- (“down-”), from dūne (“down, downward”). More at down.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "prefix",
        "head": "",
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    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "down-",
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  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Those bonds have been downrated.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Decrease."
      ],
      "id": "en-down--en-prefix-YdHFzFHn",
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          "Decrease",
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      "tags": [
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          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
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            "Entry maintenance"
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          "source": "w+disamb"
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          "parents": [
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            "Entry maintenance"
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        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "The end of the ride was a long coast downhill.",
          "type": "example"
        }
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        "Lower position or direction, literally or figuratively."
      ],
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          "Lower",
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        {
          "text": "I tried to downplay the importance of the scandal.",
          "type": "example"
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        "De-emphasis."
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      "id": "en-down--en-prefix-inEhiZAd",
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      ],
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  "word": "down-"
}
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    "English lemmas",
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    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Old English",
    "English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
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      "args": {
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      "expansion": "doun-",
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      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "down"
      },
      "expansion": "down",
      "name": "l"
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  ],
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          "text": "Those bonds have been downrated.",
          "type": "example"
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        "Decrease."
      ],
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          "Decrease",
          "decrease"
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      ],
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          "De-emphasis",
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        "morpheme"
      ]
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}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.