See disavowal in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "disavow",
"3": "-al"
},
"expansion": "disavow + -al",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dis-",
"3": "avowal"
},
"expansion": "dis- + avowal",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From disavow + -al or dis- + avowal.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "disavowals",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "disavowal (countable and uncountable, plural disavowals)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with dis-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -al",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
34,
43
],
[
334,
343
]
],
"ref": "1809, James Madison, First State of the Union address:",
"text": "Whatever pleas may be urged for a disavowal of engagements formed by diplomatic functionaries in cases where by the terms of the engagements a mutual ratification is reserved, or where notice at the time may have been given of a departure from instructions, or in extraordinary cases essentially violating the principles of equity, a disavowal could not have been apprehended in a case where no such notice or violation existed, where no such ratification was reserved, and more especially where, as is now in proof, an engagement to be executed without any such ratification was contemplated by the instructions given, and where it had with good faith been carried into immediate execution on the part of the United nations.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
301,
310
]
],
"ref": "2019 May 20, Jerry Kammer, “Pelosi's Anti-Merit Metaphor for Governance”, in Center for Immigration Studies:",
"text": "Last week, when House Speaker Nancy Pelosi rejected as “condescending” President Trump’s proposal for a more merit-based immigration policy, she provided a metaphor not just for the shattered condition of Washington’s governance of immigration, but also for the Democratic Party’s ideologically rigid disavowal of all principles of immigration constraint.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A denial of knowledge, relationship, or responsibility towards something or someone."
],
"id": "en-disavowal-en-noun-qNMRicdl",
"links": [
[
"denial",
"denial"
],
[
"relationship",
"relationship"
],
[
"responsibility",
"responsibility"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "disavow"
},
{
"word": "disavowed"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otkazvane",
"sense": "denial",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "отказване"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otričane",
"sense": "denial",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "отричане"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "denial",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "odmítnutí"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "denial",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "popření"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "denial",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "verloochening"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "denial",
"word": "kieltäytyminen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "denial",
"word": "kiistäminen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "denial",
"word": "irtisanoutuminen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "denial",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "désaveu"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "denial",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "reniement"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "denial",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Verleugnung"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "denial",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "wyparcie się"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "denial",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "repúdio"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "denial",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "negação"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "denial",
"word": "negare"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otricánije",
"sense": "denial",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "отрица́ние"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otkáz",
"sense": "denial",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "отка́з"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otrečénije",
"sense": "denial",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "отрече́ние"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "denial",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "odricanje"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "denial",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"neuter"
],
"word": "одрицање"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "denial",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"neuter"
],
"word": "odricanje"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[dɪsəˈvaʊ(ə)ɫ]",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Qwertygiy-disavowal.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ab/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Qwertygiy-disavowal.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Qwertygiy-disavowal.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ab/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Qwertygiy-disavowal.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Qwertygiy-disavowal.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊəl"
}
],
"word": "disavowal"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "disavow",
"3": "-al"
},
"expansion": "disavow + -al",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dis-",
"3": "avowal"
},
"expansion": "dis- + avowal",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From disavow + -al or dis- + avowal.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "disavowals",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "disavowal (countable and uncountable, plural disavowals)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "disavow"
},
{
"word": "disavowed"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms prefixed with dis-",
"English terms suffixed with -al",
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"Rhymes:English/aʊəl",
"Rhymes:English/aʊəl/4 syllables",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
34,
43
],
[
334,
343
]
],
"ref": "1809, James Madison, First State of the Union address:",
"text": "Whatever pleas may be urged for a disavowal of engagements formed by diplomatic functionaries in cases where by the terms of the engagements a mutual ratification is reserved, or where notice at the time may have been given of a departure from instructions, or in extraordinary cases essentially violating the principles of equity, a disavowal could not have been apprehended in a case where no such notice or violation existed, where no such ratification was reserved, and more especially where, as is now in proof, an engagement to be executed without any such ratification was contemplated by the instructions given, and where it had with good faith been carried into immediate execution on the part of the United nations.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
301,
310
]
],
"ref": "2019 May 20, Jerry Kammer, “Pelosi's Anti-Merit Metaphor for Governance”, in Center for Immigration Studies:",
"text": "Last week, when House Speaker Nancy Pelosi rejected as “condescending” President Trump’s proposal for a more merit-based immigration policy, she provided a metaphor not just for the shattered condition of Washington’s governance of immigration, but also for the Democratic Party’s ideologically rigid disavowal of all principles of immigration constraint.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A denial of knowledge, relationship, or responsibility towards something or someone."
],
"links": [
[
"denial",
"denial"
],
[
"relationship",
"relationship"
],
[
"responsibility",
"responsibility"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[dɪsəˈvaʊ(ə)ɫ]",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Qwertygiy-disavowal.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ab/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Qwertygiy-disavowal.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Qwertygiy-disavowal.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ab/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Qwertygiy-disavowal.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Qwertygiy-disavowal.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊəl"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otkazvane",
"sense": "denial",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "отказване"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otričane",
"sense": "denial",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "отричане"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "denial",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "odmítnutí"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "denial",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "popření"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "denial",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "verloochening"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "denial",
"word": "kieltäytyminen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "denial",
"word": "kiistäminen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "denial",
"word": "irtisanoutuminen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "denial",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "désaveu"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "denial",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "reniement"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "denial",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Verleugnung"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "denial",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "wyparcie się"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "denial",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "repúdio"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "denial",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "negação"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "denial",
"word": "negare"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otricánije",
"sense": "denial",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "отрица́ние"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otkáz",
"sense": "denial",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "отка́з"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otrečénije",
"sense": "denial",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "отрече́ние"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "denial",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "odricanje"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "denial",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"neuter"
],
"word": "одрицање"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "denial",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"neuter"
],
"word": "odricanje"
}
],
"word": "disavowal"
}
Download raw JSONL data for disavowal meaning in English (5.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-03 using wiktextract (aeaf2a1 and fb63907). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.