See cupule in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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"2": ":af",
"3": "cup",
"4": "-ule",
"text": "+",
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"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *kewp-der.\nLatin cūpa\n▲\nFrankish *koppinflu.?\nLate Latin cuppabor.?\nProto-Indo-European *gew-der.\nProto-Germanic *kuppaz?\nOld English cuppe\n▲\nProto-Germanic *kuppaz\nOld English copp\nMiddle English cuppe, coppe\nEnglish cup\nProto-Indo-European *-tḗr\nProto-Indo-European *-trom\nProto-Indo-European *-tlom, *-dʰlom\nLatin -ulader.\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Indo-European *-elós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nLatin -ulusder.\n▲\nLatin -ulader.\n▲\nProto-Indo-European *-tlomder.\nLatin -ulumder.\nFrench -uleder.\nEnglish -ule\nEnglish cupule\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*kewp-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : 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\"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"cuppe\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" }, { \"id\" : \"summit\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : [ \"gem-pro\", \":der\", \"ine-pro:*gew-\" ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*kuppaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"copp\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"cuppe\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"cup\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"instrument\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-tlom, *-dʰlom\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"tool noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tḗr\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-trom\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tlom\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ula\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"diminutive\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-elós\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-lós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-elos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ulus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"id\" : \"instrument\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"ine-pro:*-tlom<alt:*-tlom, *-dʰlom>\", \"id\" : \"instrument\", \"tree\" : \"1\", \"title\" : \"-ula\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ula\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"instrument\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"id\" : \"instrument\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"ine-pro\", \"2\" : \"ine-pro:*-trom<id:tool noun>\", \"id\" : \"instrument\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tlom\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ulum\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"-ule\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ule\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"cupule\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"cupule\">\nFrom cup + -ule.",
"name": "ety"
},
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"2": "copp"
},
"expansion": "Old English copp",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "false cognate"
},
"expansion": "false cognate",
"name": "glossary"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *kewp-der.\nLatin cūpa\n▲\nFrankish *koppinflu.?\nLate Latin cuppabor.?\nProto-Indo-European *gew-der.\nProto-Germanic *kuppaz?\nOld English cuppe\n▲\nProto-Germanic *kuppaz\nOld English copp\nMiddle English cuppe, coppe\nEnglish cup\nProto-Indo-European *-tḗr\nProto-Indo-European *-trom\nProto-Indo-European *-tlom, *-dʰlom\nLatin -ulader.\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Indo-European *-elós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nLatin -ulusder.\n▲\nLatin -ulader.\n▲\nProto-Indo-European *-tlomder.\nLatin -ulumder.\nFrench -uleder.\nEnglish -ule\nEnglish cupule\nFrom cup + -ule.; former is derived from Old English copp of Germanic origin thus not related (false cognate) to cupula of Latin origin, but perhaps influenced it",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cupules",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cupule (plural cupules)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
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"name": "English entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
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{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
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{
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"name": "English terms suffixed with -ule",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
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{
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "cupular"
},
{
"word": "cupulate"
},
{
"word": "cupuliferous"
},
{
"word": "cupuliform"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
51,
57
]
],
"ref": "2018, Richard Powers, The Overstory, Vintage (2019), page 146:",
"text": "Then they extract a three-angled beechnut from its cupule, weigh it, and push it into the loam.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any small structure shaped like a cup, such as at the base of an acorn, or the sucker on the feet of some flies."
],
"id": "en-cupule-en-noun-R-UA2ewF",
"links": [
[
"cup",
"cup"
],
[
"acorn",
"acorn"
],
[
"sucker",
"sucker"
],
[
"flies",
"flies"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "small structure shaped like a cup",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mallo"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "small structure shaped like a cup",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kupula"
}
]
}
],
"word": "cupule"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "cupular"
},
{
"word": "cupulate"
},
{
"word": "cupuliferous"
},
{
"word": "cupuliform"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
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"args": {
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"2": ":af",
"3": "cup",
"4": "-ule",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
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"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *kewp-der.\nLatin cūpa\n▲\nFrankish *koppinflu.?\nLate Latin cuppabor.?\nProto-Indo-European *gew-der.\nProto-Germanic *kuppaz?\nOld English cuppe\n▲\nProto-Germanic *kuppaz\nOld English copp\nMiddle English cuppe, coppe\nEnglish cup\nProto-Indo-European *-tḗr\nProto-Indo-European *-trom\nProto-Indo-European *-tlom, *-dʰlom\nLatin -ulader.\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Indo-European *-elós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nLatin -ulusder.\n▲\nLatin -ulader.\n▲\nProto-Indo-European *-tlomder.\nLatin -ulumder.\nFrench -uleder.\nEnglish -ule\nEnglish cupule\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*kewp-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"cūpa\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Frankish\", \"term\" : \"*kopp\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"frk\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"cuppa\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*gew-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*kuppaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"cuppe\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" }, { \"id\" : \"summit\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : [ \"gem-pro\", \":der\", \"ine-pro:*gew-\" ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*kuppaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"copp\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"cuppe\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"cup\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"instrument\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-tlom, *-dʰlom\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"tool noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tḗr\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-trom\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tlom\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ula\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"diminutive\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-elós\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-lós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-elos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ulus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"id\" : \"instrument\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"ine-pro:*-tlom<alt:*-tlom, *-dʰlom>\", \"id\" : \"instrument\", \"tree\" : \"1\", \"title\" : \"-ula\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ula\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"instrument\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"id\" : \"instrument\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"ine-pro\", \"2\" : \"ine-pro:*-trom<id:tool noun>\", \"id\" : \"instrument\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tlom\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ulum\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"-ule\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ule\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"cupule\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"cupule\">\nFrom cup + -ule.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "copp"
},
"expansion": "Old English copp",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "false cognate"
},
"expansion": "false cognate",
"name": "glossary"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *kewp-der.\nLatin cūpa\n▲\nFrankish *koppinflu.?\nLate Latin cuppabor.?\nProto-Indo-European *gew-der.\nProto-Germanic *kuppaz?\nOld English cuppe\n▲\nProto-Germanic *kuppaz\nOld English copp\nMiddle English cuppe, coppe\nEnglish cup\nProto-Indo-European *-tḗr\nProto-Indo-European *-trom\nProto-Indo-European *-tlom, *-dʰlom\nLatin -ulader.\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Indo-European *-elós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nLatin -ulusder.\n▲\nLatin -ulader.\n▲\nProto-Indo-European *-tlomder.\nLatin -ulumder.\nFrench -uleder.\nEnglish -ule\nEnglish cupule\nFrom cup + -ule.; former is derived from Old English copp of Germanic origin thus not related (false cognate) to cupula of Latin origin, but perhaps influenced it",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cupules",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cupule (plural cupules)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gew-",
"English terms suffixed with -ule",
"English terms with quotations",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
51,
57
]
],
"ref": "2018, Richard Powers, The Overstory, Vintage (2019), page 146:",
"text": "Then they extract a three-angled beechnut from its cupule, weigh it, and push it into the loam.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any small structure shaped like a cup, such as at the base of an acorn, or the sucker on the feet of some flies."
],
"links": [
[
"cup",
"cup"
],
[
"acorn",
"acorn"
],
[
"sucker",
"sucker"
],
[
"flies",
"flies"
]
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "small structure shaped like a cup",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mallo"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "small structure shaped like a cup",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kupula"
}
],
"word": "cupule"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cupule meaning in English (8.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-07-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-07-06 using wiktextract (e62056b and e7887d5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.