See bidirectionality in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"bidirectional",
"bidirectional#English"
],
[
"*-teh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-teh₂"
],
[
"*-ts",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-ts"
],
[
"*-teh₂ts",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-teh₂ts#Proto-Indo-European:_-ty"
],
[
"-itās",
"-itas#Latin"
],
[
"-ite",
"-ite#Old_French"
],
[
"-ite",
"-ite#Middle_English"
],
[
"-ity",
"-ity#English"
],
[
"bidirectional",
"bidirectional#English"
],
[
"-ity",
"-ity#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "bidirectional",
"4": "-ity",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish bidirectional\nProto-Indo-European *-teh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-ts\nProto-Indo-European *-teh₂tsder.\nLatin -itās\nOld French -itebor.\nMiddle English -ite\nEnglish -ity\nEnglish bidirectionality\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"-ty\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-teh₂\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ts\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-teh₂ts\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-itās\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"uder\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ite\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ite\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ity\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"bidirectionality\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"bidirectionality\">\nFrom bidirectional + -ity.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "bidirectional",
"4": "-ity",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dwóh₁\nProto-Indo-European *dwi-\nProto-Italic *dwi-\nLatin bi-bor.\nEnglish bi-\nEnglish direction\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālislbor.\nOld French -albor.\n▲\nLatin -ālis\nOld French -elbor.\n▲\nLatin -ālisbor.\nMiddle English -al\nEnglish -al\nEnglish directional\nEnglish bidirectional\nProto-Indo-European *-teh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-ts\nProto-Indo-European *-teh₂tsder.\nLatin -itās\nOld French -itebor.\nMiddle English -ite\nEnglish -ity\nEnglish bidirectionality\nFrom bidirectional + -ity.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nEnglish bidirectional\nProto-Indo-European *-teh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-ts\nProto-Indo-European *-teh₂tsder.\nLatin -itās\nOld French -itebor.\nMiddle English -ite\nEnglish -ity\nEnglish bidirectionality\nFrom bidirectional + -ity.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bidirectionalities",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bi-directionality",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "+"
},
"expansion": "bidirectionality (usually uncountable, plural bidirectionalities)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The state or condition of being bidirectional."
],
"id": "en-bidirectionality-en-noun-~y66jJ1m",
"links": [
[
"bidirectional",
"bidirectional"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
}
],
"word": "bidirectionality"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"bidirectional",
"bidirectional#English"
],
[
"*-teh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-teh₂"
],
[
"*-ts",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-ts"
],
[
"*-teh₂ts",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-teh₂ts#Proto-Indo-European:_-ty"
],
[
"-itās",
"-itas#Latin"
],
[
"-ite",
"-ite#Old_French"
],
[
"-ite",
"-ite#Middle_English"
],
[
"-ity",
"-ity#English"
],
[
"bidirectional",
"bidirectional#English"
],
[
"-ity",
"-ity#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "bidirectional",
"4": "-ity",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish bidirectional\nProto-Indo-European *-teh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-ts\nProto-Indo-European *-teh₂tsder.\nLatin -itās\nOld French -itebor.\nMiddle English -ite\nEnglish -ity\nEnglish bidirectionality\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"-ty\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-teh₂\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ts\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-teh₂ts\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-itās\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"uder\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ite\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ite\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ity\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"bidirectionality\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"bidirectionality\">\nFrom bidirectional + -ity.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "bidirectional",
"4": "-ity",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dwóh₁\nProto-Indo-European *dwi-\nProto-Italic *dwi-\nLatin bi-bor.\nEnglish bi-\nEnglish direction\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālislbor.\nOld French -albor.\n▲\nLatin -ālis\nOld French -elbor.\n▲\nLatin -ālisbor.\nMiddle English -al\nEnglish -al\nEnglish directional\nEnglish bidirectional\nProto-Indo-European *-teh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-ts\nProto-Indo-European *-teh₂tsder.\nLatin -itās\nOld French -itebor.\nMiddle English -ite\nEnglish -ity\nEnglish bidirectionality\nFrom bidirectional + -ity.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nEnglish bidirectional\nProto-Indo-European *-teh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-ts\nProto-Indo-European *-teh₂tsder.\nLatin -itās\nOld French -itebor.\nMiddle English -ite\nEnglish -ity\nEnglish bidirectionality\nFrom bidirectional + -ity.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bidirectionalities",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bi-directionality",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "+"
},
"expansion": "bidirectionality (usually uncountable, plural bidirectionalities)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂el- (grow)",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *dwóh₁",
"English terms suffixed with -ity",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"glosses": [
"The state or condition of being bidirectional."
],
"links": [
[
"bidirectional",
"bidirectional"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
}
],
"word": "bidirectionality"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bidirectionality meaning in English (4.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (f9fe161 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.