See awk in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for awk meaning in English (11.2kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "awkly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "awkness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "awkward"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm"
},
"expansion": "Middle English [Term?]",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "ǫfugr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse ǫfugr",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ǫfigr"
},
"expansion": "ǫfigr",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "afigr",
"3": "",
"4": "turned backwards"
},
"expansion": "afigr (“turned backwards”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "avet",
"3": "",
"4": "backwards"
},
"expansion": "Danish avet (“backwards”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "avig",
"3": "",
"4": "turned backwards"
},
"expansion": "Swedish avig (“turned backwards”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*abuhaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *abuhaz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "äbich"
},
"expansion": "German äbich",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌹𐌱𐌿𐌺𐍃",
"3": "",
"4": "turned back"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌹𐌱𐌿𐌺𐍃 (ibuks, “turned back”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "अपाच्",
"3": "",
"4": "turned away"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit अपाच् (apāc, “turned away”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "ave",
"3": "",
"4": "to turn"
},
"expansion": "Danish ave (“to turn”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "averechts",
"3": "",
"4": "opposite, backwards, contrary"
},
"expansion": "Dutch averechts (“opposite, backwards, contrary”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "öfga",
"3": "",
"4": "to reverse"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic öfga (“to reverse”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English [Term?], from Old Norse ǫfugr, ǫfigr, afigr (“turned backwards”) (whence Danish avet (“backwards”), Swedish avig (“turned backwards”)), from Proto-Germanic *abuhaz. Cognate with German äbich, Gothic 𐌹𐌱𐌿𐌺𐍃 (ibuks, “turned back”). Akin to Sanskrit अपाच् (apāc, “turned away”). Compare dialectal Danish ave (“to turn”), Dutch averechts (“opposite, backwards, contrary”), Icelandic öfga (“to reverse”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more awk",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most awk",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "awk (comparative more awk, superlative most awk)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Odd; out of order; perverse."
],
"id": "en-awk-en-adj-i20G-w4a",
"links": [
[
"Odd",
"odd"
],
[
"out of order",
"out of order"
],
[
"perverse",
"perverse"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Odd; out of order; perverse."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1567, Arthur Golding, Metamorphoses",
"text": "the awk end of hir charmed rod",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Wrong, or not commonly used; clumsy; sinister."
],
"id": "en-awk-en-adj-Qd5tKzrX",
"links": [
[
"Wrong",
"wrong"
],
[
"clumsy",
"clumsy"
],
[
"sinister",
"sinister"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Wrong, or not commonly used; clumsy; sinister."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1815 Sir Egerton Brydges, Archaica: Harvey's Four letters, and sonnets, touching Robert Greene; Pierce's supererogation; [and] New letter of notable contents. Brathwaite's Essays upon the five senses, From the private press of Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, printed by T. Davison, p142",
"text": "[…] whose wild and madbrain humour nothing fitteth so just, as the stalest dudgen or absurdest balductum, that they or their mates can invent in odd and awk speeches […]"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Clumsy in performance or manners; not dexterous; awkward."
],
"id": "en-awk-en-adj-lQIrq4~p",
"links": [
[
"Clumsy",
"clumsy"
],
[
"performance",
"performance"
],
[
"manners",
"manners"
],
[
"dexterous",
"dexterous"
],
[
"awkward",
"awkward"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, UK, dialect) Clumsy in performance or manners; not dexterous; awkward."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "unhandy"
}
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"dialectal",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Awkward; uncomfortable."
],
"id": "en-awk-en-adj-Ff1LJBn9",
"links": [
[
"Awkward",
"awkward"
],
[
"uncomfortable",
"uncomfortable"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US slang, of a situation) Awkward; uncomfortable."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a situation"
],
"tags": [
"US",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɔːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɔːk/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɑːk/",
"tags": [
"US",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːk"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑːk"
},
{
"homophone": "auk"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-awk.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e1/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-awk.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-awk.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "awk"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm"
},
"expansion": "Middle English [Term?]",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "ǫfugr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse ǫfugr",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ǫfigr"
},
"expansion": "ǫfigr",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "afigr",
"3": "",
"4": "turned backwards"
},
"expansion": "afigr (“turned backwards”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "avet",
"3": "",
"4": "backwards"
},
"expansion": "Danish avet (“backwards”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "avig",
"3": "",
"4": "turned backwards"
},
"expansion": "Swedish avig (“turned backwards”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*abuhaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *abuhaz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "äbich"
},
"expansion": "German äbich",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌹𐌱𐌿𐌺𐍃",
"3": "",
"4": "turned back"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌹𐌱𐌿𐌺𐍃 (ibuks, “turned back”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "अपाच्",
"3": "",
"4": "turned away"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit अपाच् (apāc, “turned away”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "ave",
"3": "",
"4": "to turn"
},
"expansion": "Danish ave (“to turn”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "averechts",
"3": "",
"4": "opposite, backwards, contrary"
},
"expansion": "Dutch averechts (“opposite, backwards, contrary”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "öfga",
"3": "",
"4": "to reverse"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic öfga (“to reverse”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English [Term?], from Old Norse ǫfugr, ǫfigr, afigr (“turned backwards”) (whence Danish avet (“backwards”), Swedish avig (“turned backwards”)), from Proto-Germanic *abuhaz. Cognate with German äbich, Gothic 𐌹𐌱𐌿𐌺𐍃 (ibuks, “turned back”). Akin to Sanskrit अपाच् (apāc, “turned away”). Compare dialectal Danish ave (“to turn”), Dutch averechts (“opposite, backwards, contrary”), Icelandic öfga (“to reverse”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more awk",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most awk",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "awk (comparative more awk, superlative most awk)",
"name": "en-adv"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Perversely; in the wrong way."
],
"id": "en-awk-en-adv-B9SdnOLt",
"links": [
[
"Perversely",
"perverse"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Perversely; in the wrong way."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɔːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɔːk/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɑːk/",
"tags": [
"US",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːk"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑːk"
},
{
"homophone": "auk"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-awk.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e1/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-awk.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-awk.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "awk"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": ",",
"name": ","
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the initial letters of the surnames of its authors: Alfred Aho, Peter Weinberger, and Brian Kernighan.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "awk",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Computer languages",
"orig": "en:Computer languages",
"parents": [
"Programming",
"Computing",
"Software engineering",
"Technology",
"Computer science",
"Engineering",
"Software",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Applied sciences",
"Media",
"Fundamental",
"Communication"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 4 8 18 65",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 5 10 13 66",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I used C, Perl, the Bourne shell, and some awk and tcl to implement these projects.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2002, Æleen Frisch, Essential System Administration: Tools and Techniques for Linux and Unix Administration, 3rd edition, O'Reilly, page 77",
"text": "One thing awk is good for is picking out and possibly rearranging columns within command output.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A Unix scripting language for text processing, or the command line interface itself."
],
"id": "en-awk-en-name-quNbbMbD",
"links": [
[
"computer language",
"computer language"
],
[
"Unix",
"Unix"
],
[
"scripting language",
"scripting language"
],
[
"command line interface",
"command line interface"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(computer languages) A Unix scripting language for text processing, or the command line interface itself."
],
"topics": [
"computer-languages",
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɔːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɔːk/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɑːk/",
"tags": [
"US",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːk"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑːk"
},
{
"homophone": "auk"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-awk.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e1/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-awk.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-awk.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Alfred Aho",
"Brian Kernighan",
"Peter Weinberger"
],
"word": "awk"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English adverbs",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English eponyms",
"English lemmas",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English three-letter words",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Middle English term requests",
"Rhymes:English/ɑːk",
"Rhymes:English/ɑːk/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːk",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːk/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "awkly"
},
{
"word": "awkness"
},
{
"word": "awkward"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm"
},
"expansion": "Middle English [Term?]",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "ǫfugr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse ǫfugr",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ǫfigr"
},
"expansion": "ǫfigr",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "afigr",
"3": "",
"4": "turned backwards"
},
"expansion": "afigr (“turned backwards”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "avet",
"3": "",
"4": "backwards"
},
"expansion": "Danish avet (“backwards”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "avig",
"3": "",
"4": "turned backwards"
},
"expansion": "Swedish avig (“turned backwards”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*abuhaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *abuhaz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "äbich"
},
"expansion": "German äbich",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌹𐌱𐌿𐌺𐍃",
"3": "",
"4": "turned back"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌹𐌱𐌿𐌺𐍃 (ibuks, “turned back”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "अपाच्",
"3": "",
"4": "turned away"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit अपाच् (apāc, “turned away”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "ave",
"3": "",
"4": "to turn"
},
"expansion": "Danish ave (“to turn”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "averechts",
"3": "",
"4": "opposite, backwards, contrary"
},
"expansion": "Dutch averechts (“opposite, backwards, contrary”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "öfga",
"3": "",
"4": "to reverse"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic öfga (“to reverse”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English [Term?], from Old Norse ǫfugr, ǫfigr, afigr (“turned backwards”) (whence Danish avet (“backwards”), Swedish avig (“turned backwards”)), from Proto-Germanic *abuhaz. Cognate with German äbich, Gothic 𐌹𐌱𐌿𐌺𐍃 (ibuks, “turned back”). Akin to Sanskrit अपाच् (apāc, “turned away”). Compare dialectal Danish ave (“to turn”), Dutch averechts (“opposite, backwards, contrary”), Icelandic öfga (“to reverse”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more awk",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most awk",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "awk (comparative more awk, superlative most awk)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Odd; out of order; perverse."
],
"links": [
[
"Odd",
"odd"
],
[
"out of order",
"out of order"
],
[
"perverse",
"perverse"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Odd; out of order; perverse."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1567, Arthur Golding, Metamorphoses",
"text": "the awk end of hir charmed rod",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Wrong, or not commonly used; clumsy; sinister."
],
"links": [
[
"Wrong",
"wrong"
],
[
"clumsy",
"clumsy"
],
[
"sinister",
"sinister"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Wrong, or not commonly used; clumsy; sinister."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English dialectal terms",
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1815 Sir Egerton Brydges, Archaica: Harvey's Four letters, and sonnets, touching Robert Greene; Pierce's supererogation; [and] New letter of notable contents. Brathwaite's Essays upon the five senses, From the private press of Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, printed by T. Davison, p142",
"text": "[…] whose wild and madbrain humour nothing fitteth so just, as the stalest dudgen or absurdest balductum, that they or their mates can invent in odd and awk speeches […]"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Clumsy in performance or manners; not dexterous; awkward."
],
"links": [
[
"Clumsy",
"clumsy"
],
[
"performance",
"performance"
],
[
"manners",
"manners"
],
[
"dexterous",
"dexterous"
],
[
"awkward",
"awkward"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, UK, dialect) Clumsy in performance or manners; not dexterous; awkward."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "unhandy"
}
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"dialectal",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"English slang"
],
"glosses": [
"Awkward; uncomfortable."
],
"links": [
[
"Awkward",
"awkward"
],
[
"uncomfortable",
"uncomfortable"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US slang, of a situation) Awkward; uncomfortable."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a situation"
],
"tags": [
"US",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɔːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɔːk/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɑːk/",
"tags": [
"US",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːk"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑːk"
},
{
"homophone": "auk"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-awk.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e1/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-awk.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-awk.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e1/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-awk.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-awk.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "awk"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English adverbs",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English eponyms",
"English lemmas",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English three-letter words",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Middle English term requests",
"Rhymes:English/ɑːk",
"Rhymes:English/ɑːk/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːk",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːk/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm"
},
"expansion": "Middle English [Term?]",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "ǫfugr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse ǫfugr",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ǫfigr"
},
"expansion": "ǫfigr",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "afigr",
"3": "",
"4": "turned backwards"
},
"expansion": "afigr (“turned backwards”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "avet",
"3": "",
"4": "backwards"
},
"expansion": "Danish avet (“backwards”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "avig",
"3": "",
"4": "turned backwards"
},
"expansion": "Swedish avig (“turned backwards”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*abuhaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *abuhaz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "äbich"
},
"expansion": "German äbich",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌹𐌱𐌿𐌺𐍃",
"3": "",
"4": "turned back"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌹𐌱𐌿𐌺𐍃 (ibuks, “turned back”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "अपाच्",
"3": "",
"4": "turned away"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit अपाच् (apāc, “turned away”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "ave",
"3": "",
"4": "to turn"
},
"expansion": "Danish ave (“to turn”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "averechts",
"3": "",
"4": "opposite, backwards, contrary"
},
"expansion": "Dutch averechts (“opposite, backwards, contrary”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "öfga",
"3": "",
"4": "to reverse"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic öfga (“to reverse”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English [Term?], from Old Norse ǫfugr, ǫfigr, afigr (“turned backwards”) (whence Danish avet (“backwards”), Swedish avig (“turned backwards”)), from Proto-Germanic *abuhaz. Cognate with German äbich, Gothic 𐌹𐌱𐌿𐌺𐍃 (ibuks, “turned back”). Akin to Sanskrit अपाच् (apāc, “turned away”). Compare dialectal Danish ave (“to turn”), Dutch averechts (“opposite, backwards, contrary”), Icelandic öfga (“to reverse”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more awk",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most awk",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "awk (comparative more awk, superlative most awk)",
"name": "en-adv"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Perversely; in the wrong way."
],
"links": [
[
"Perversely",
"perverse"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Perversely; in the wrong way."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɔːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɔːk/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɑːk/",
"tags": [
"US",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːk"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑːk"
},
{
"homophone": "auk"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-awk.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e1/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-awk.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-awk.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e1/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-awk.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-awk.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "awk"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English eponyms",
"English lemmas",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English three-letter words",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Rhymes:English/ɑːk",
"Rhymes:English/ɑːk/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːk",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːk/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": ",",
"name": ","
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the initial letters of the surnames of its authors: Alfred Aho, Peter Weinberger, and Brian Kernighan.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "awk",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"en:Computer languages"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I used C, Perl, the Bourne shell, and some awk and tcl to implement these projects.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2002, Æleen Frisch, Essential System Administration: Tools and Techniques for Linux and Unix Administration, 3rd edition, O'Reilly, page 77",
"text": "One thing awk is good for is picking out and possibly rearranging columns within command output.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A Unix scripting language for text processing, or the command line interface itself."
],
"links": [
[
"computer language",
"computer language"
],
[
"Unix",
"Unix"
],
[
"scripting language",
"scripting language"
],
[
"command line interface",
"command line interface"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(computer languages) A Unix scripting language for text processing, or the command line interface itself."
],
"topics": [
"computer-languages",
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɔːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɔːk/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɑːk/",
"tags": [
"US",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːk"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑːk"
},
{
"homophone": "auk"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-awk.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e1/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-awk.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-awk.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e1/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-awk.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-awk.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Alfred Aho",
"Brian Kernighan",
"Peter Weinberger"
],
"word": "awk"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (82c8ff9 and f4967a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.