{"senses": [{"categories": ["English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English proper nouns", "English terms borrowed from Russian", "English terms derived from Ancient Greek", "English terms derived from Russian", "English terms derived from West Circassian", "English terms with historical senses", "English uncountable nouns", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "en:History of Russia", "en:Krasnodar Krai, Russia"], "links": [["Kievan Rus'", "Kievan Rus'"], ["Taman", "Taman"]], "raw_glosses": ["(historical) A medieval Kievan Rus' principality and trading town located on the Taman Peninsula."], "glosses": ["A medieval Kievan Rus' principality and trading town located on the Taman Peninsula."], "tags": ["historical"], "wikipedia": ["Tmutarakan"]}], "pos": "name", "head_templates": [{"name": "en-proper noun", "args": {}, "expansion": "Tmutarakan"}], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Russian Тмутарака́нь (Tmutarakánʹ), which is from the Byzantine Ancient Greek Ταμάταρχα (Tamátarkha). The Greek toponym is likely of Adyghe origin, deriving from the local native name West Circassian Тамэтӏаркъу (Tamɛtʼarqʷu). The Russian spelling is the result of a folk etymology that altered the word to fit the native Russian words тьма (tʹma, “darkness”) and тарака́н (tarakán, “cockroach”) (literally \"dark cockroach\").", "etymology_templates": [{"name": "bor", "args": {"1": "en", "2": "ru", "3": "Тмутарака́нь"}, "expansion": "Russian Тмутарака́нь (Tmutarakánʹ)"}, {"name": "der", "args": {"1": "en", "2": "grc", "3": "Ταμάταρχα"}, "expansion": "Ancient Greek Ταμάταρχα (Tamátarkha)"}, {"name": "der", "args": {"1": "en", "2": "ady", "3": "Тамэтӏаркъу"}, "expansion": "West Circassian Тамэтӏаркъу (Tamɛtʼarqʷu)"}], "word": "Tmutarakan", "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en"}