See Lombard effect in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_text": "Discovered in 1909 by Étienne Lombard, French otolaryngologist.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Lombard effects",
"tags": [
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}
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
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"glosses": [
"The involuntary tendency of speakers to increase their vocal effort when speaking in the presence of noise."
],
"id": "en-Lombard_effect-en-noun-hmyRM3hd",
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"synonyms": [
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"word": "Lombard reflex"
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],
"wikipedia": [
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],
"word": "Lombard effect"
}
{
"etymology_text": "Discovered in 1909 by Étienne Lombard, French otolaryngologist.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Lombard effects",
"tags": [
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"glosses": [
"The involuntary tendency of speakers to increase their vocal effort when speaking in the presence of noise."
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}
Download raw JSONL data for Lombard effect meaning in English (0.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (ca09fec and c40eb85). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.