See Harappa in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pa",
"3": "ہَڑَپَّہ"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Punjabi ہَڑَپَّہ (haṛappah)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Punjabi ہَڑَپَّہ (haṛappah) / ਹੜਪ੍ਪਾ (haṛppā).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Harappa",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Harappan"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in India",
"orig": "en:Places in India",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in Punjab",
"orig": "en:Places in Punjab",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Villages in India",
"orig": "en:Villages in India",
"parents": [
"Villages",
"Places",
"Polities",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Villages in Punjab",
"orig": "en:Villages in Punjab",
"parents": [
"Villages",
"Places",
"Polities",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A village in Punjab, in eastern Pakistan."
],
"id": "en-Harappa-en-name-wR68l2TA",
"links": [
[
"Punjab",
"Punjab#English"
],
[
"Pakistan",
"Pakistan#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1995, Karl J. Schmidt, An Atlas and Survey of South Asian History, page 12:",
"text": "The site, known as Harappa, contained evidence of a culture over 1,000 years older than any other yet discovered in South Asia and one which dated back to c. 2350 BCE, making it one of the four oldest centers of civilization in the world.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "1996, Elizabeth E. Broadrup, \"Kot Diji (Sind, Pakistan),\" article in Trudy Ring, Robert M. Salkin, Sharon La Boda (editors), International Dictionary of Historic Places, Volume 5: Asia and Oceania, page 489,\nNow considered the first urban culture of the Indian subcontinent, the Harappan civilization was unknown to scholars until the twentieth century. Intrigued by large, earth-covered mounds at Harappa, on the Ravi River in the Punjab province of present-day Pakistan, archaeologists began excavating the site in 1921."
},
{
"ref": "2003, Himanshu Prabha Ray, The Archaeology of Seafaring in Ancient South Asia, page 91:",
"text": "Renewed excavations at Harappa from 1986 onwards and at several other sites have produced a series of radiocarbon dates.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2006, Karen Tate, Sacred Places of Goddess: 108 Destinations, page 207:",
"text": "Within the confines of Mohenjo-daro and Harappa, two of the more famous of the many ancient archaeological sites from the Indus Valley Civilization (IVC), we find evidence of the oldest forms of Goddess worship.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2008, Jane McIntosh, The Ancient Indus Valley: New Perspectives, page 385:",
"text": "The early picture of the Indus civilization was largely based on what was revealed by excavations in the two great cities of Mohenjo-daro and Harappa.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An archaeological site near the village; the ancient city excavated at the site."
],
"id": "en-Harappa-en-name-2ujDABl3",
"links": [
[
"archaeological",
"archaeological"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 84 16",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "hoṛoppa",
"sense": "archaeological site",
"word": "হড়প্পা"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 84 16",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "haṛappā",
"sense": "archaeological site",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "हड़प्पा"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 84 16",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "Harappā",
"sense": "archaeological site",
"word": "ハラッパー"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 84 16",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "haṛappa",
"sense": "archaeological site",
"word": "ہڑپہ"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 11 88",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 11 88",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 10 87",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 10 88",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 9 87",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bengali translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 12 82",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 10 88",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 12 81",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Urdu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1989, Amalananda Ghosh (editor), \"Rangpur,\" entry in An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology, page 370,\nHe declared that it was a site of the late period of Harappa culture [4.9] on the basis of certain pottery types and painted designs thereon and that 'the mere fact that the Indus culture is by this discovery pushed so far s.-e. as Kathiawar is a matter of great importance'."
}
],
"glosses": [
"The Harappan Civilization, or Indus Valley Civilization, a Bronze Age civilization that flourished in a large region encompassing the site."
],
"id": "en-Harappa-en-name-m4AYd3Pf",
"links": [
[
"Harappan Civilization",
"Harappan Civilization"
],
[
"Indus Valley Civilization",
"Indus Valley Civilization"
],
[
"Bronze Age",
"Bronze Age"
],
[
"civilization",
"civilization"
],
[
"flourish",
"flourish"
],
[
"encompass",
"encompass"
],
[
"site",
"site"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(attributive use) The Harappan Civilization, or Indus Valley Civilization, a Bronze Age civilization that flourished in a large region encompassing the site."
],
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Harappa"
],
"word": "Harappa"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Punjabi",
"English terms derived from Punjabi",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Bengali translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Urdu translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pa",
"3": "ہَڑَپَّہ"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Punjabi ہَڑَپَّہ (haṛappah)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Punjabi ہَڑَپَّہ (haṛappah) / ਹੜਪ੍ਪਾ (haṛppā).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Harappa",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"related": [
{
"word": "Harappan"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Places in India",
"en:Places in Punjab",
"en:Villages in India",
"en:Villages in Punjab"
],
"glosses": [
"A village in Punjab, in eastern Pakistan."
],
"links": [
[
"Punjab",
"Punjab#English"
],
[
"Pakistan",
"Pakistan#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1995, Karl J. Schmidt, An Atlas and Survey of South Asian History, page 12:",
"text": "The site, known as Harappa, contained evidence of a culture over 1,000 years older than any other yet discovered in South Asia and one which dated back to c. 2350 BCE, making it one of the four oldest centers of civilization in the world.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "1996, Elizabeth E. Broadrup, \"Kot Diji (Sind, Pakistan),\" article in Trudy Ring, Robert M. Salkin, Sharon La Boda (editors), International Dictionary of Historic Places, Volume 5: Asia and Oceania, page 489,\nNow considered the first urban culture of the Indian subcontinent, the Harappan civilization was unknown to scholars until the twentieth century. Intrigued by large, earth-covered mounds at Harappa, on the Ravi River in the Punjab province of present-day Pakistan, archaeologists began excavating the site in 1921."
},
{
"ref": "2003, Himanshu Prabha Ray, The Archaeology of Seafaring in Ancient South Asia, page 91:",
"text": "Renewed excavations at Harappa from 1986 onwards and at several other sites have produced a series of radiocarbon dates.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2006, Karen Tate, Sacred Places of Goddess: 108 Destinations, page 207:",
"text": "Within the confines of Mohenjo-daro and Harappa, two of the more famous of the many ancient archaeological sites from the Indus Valley Civilization (IVC), we find evidence of the oldest forms of Goddess worship.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2008, Jane McIntosh, The Ancient Indus Valley: New Perspectives, page 385:",
"text": "The early picture of the Indus civilization was largely based on what was revealed by excavations in the two great cities of Mohenjo-daro and Harappa.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An archaeological site near the village; the ancient city excavated at the site."
],
"links": [
[
"archaeological",
"archaeological"
]
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "1989, Amalananda Ghosh (editor), \"Rangpur,\" entry in An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology, page 370,\nHe declared that it was a site of the late period of Harappa culture [4.9] on the basis of certain pottery types and painted designs thereon and that 'the mere fact that the Indus culture is by this discovery pushed so far s.-e. as Kathiawar is a matter of great importance'."
}
],
"glosses": [
"The Harappan Civilization, or Indus Valley Civilization, a Bronze Age civilization that flourished in a large region encompassing the site."
],
"links": [
[
"Harappan Civilization",
"Harappan Civilization"
],
[
"Indus Valley Civilization",
"Indus Valley Civilization"
],
[
"Bronze Age",
"Bronze Age"
],
[
"civilization",
"civilization"
],
[
"flourish",
"flourish"
],
[
"encompass",
"encompass"
],
[
"site",
"site"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(attributive use) The Harappan Civilization, or Indus Valley Civilization, a Bronze Age civilization that flourished in a large region encompassing the site."
],
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "hoṛoppa",
"sense": "archaeological site",
"word": "হড়প্পা"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "haṛappā",
"sense": "archaeological site",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "हड़प्पा"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "Harappā",
"sense": "archaeological site",
"word": "ハラッパー"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "haṛappa",
"sense": "archaeological site",
"word": "ہڑپہ"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Harappa"
],
"word": "Harappa"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Harappa meaning in English (4.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.