See Gu in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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"args": {
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"2": "cmn",
"3": "古",
"tr": "Gǔ"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin 古 (Gǔ)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Mandarin 古 (Gǔ).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Gus",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Ku",
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}
],
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"name": "Counties and county-level cities of Linfen",
"orig": "en:Counties and county-level cities of Linfen",
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"orig": "en:Places in Linfen",
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},
{
"kind": "place",
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"name": "Places in Shanxi, China",
"orig": "en:Places in Shanxi, China",
"parents": [
"Places"
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{
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"_dis": "65 35",
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{
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16,
18
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],
"ref": "1985 July 22, “SHANXI INVESTIGATES ILLEGAL HOUSING CONSTRUCTION”, in China Report: Political, Sociological and Military Affairs, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 119:",
"text": "The comrades of Gu county said: From building a private house to sitting in jail, Xu Peng suffered the consequences of placing profit first as a result of his decadent bourgeois ideology.",
"type": "quotation"
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{
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86,
88
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],
"english": "中国农学通报",
"ref": "2004, Li Yuemei [李月梅], “Key Techniques for Spring Cultivation of Lentinua Edodes?s High Yield and Good Quality [香菇春季栽培高产优质的关键管理技术]”, in Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin [中国农学通报], number 3, →DOI, →OCLC, archived from the original on 25 May 2024:",
"text": "According to the recent years study and productive practice of LV Centinula edodes of Gu county, Shanxi, the key techniques for spring cultivation of lentinula edodes?s high yield and good quality are put forward, including choosing suitable cultivation time , proper cultivars and making a good management during the colour-change and passing summer.",
"translation": "中国农学通报",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
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262,
268
]
],
"ref": "[2012 October 25, Tom Phillips, “China’s Chernobyl Cleans Up Its Act”, in The Daily Beast, archived from the original on 05 Dec 2020:",
"text": "Nearly a decade on from its humiliation, Linfen is even trying to reinvent itself as a green city. Yang claimed solar energy had been introduced in hotels, guesthouses and “many households”—including his own. Small wind farms are planned for Linfen’s Puxian and Guxian counties. Some former factory owners have even branched out into “green landscaping.” Last year a seven-mile-long park opened on the banks of the River Fen, which flows through Linfen.",
"type": "quotation"
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{
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347,
349
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460,
462
],
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591,
593
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],
"ref": "2014, Benjamin Lillebrohus, Chinese Rural-Urban Difference in Opportunity of Obtaining Higher Education, University of Lund, archived from the original on 17 Aug 2017, page 9:",
"text": "A good illustration of this difference can be found by pulling statistics from a single prefecture level city and compare the gross domestic production per capita for two of the prefecture’s counties; in the publication 2010 Línfén tǒngjì niánjiàn (2010 临汾统计年鉴) the GDP per capita in Yonghe County is 5,632 RMB in 2009 while the GDP per capita in Gu County amounts to 47,933 RMB the same year. The two counties are only 188km apart, and yet the citizens under Gu County’s administration enjoy an income approximately 8.5 times higher than those under Yonghe County’s. One of the reasons for Gu County’s relative well developed economy may be its location approximately 51km from Linfen City, while the distance from Linfen City to Yonghe County roughly amounts to 165 km.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A county of Linfen, Shanxi, China."
],
"id": "en-Gu-en-name-7skiK7xg",
"links": [
[
"county",
"county"
],
[
"Linfen",
"Linfen#English"
],
[
"Shanxi",
"Shanxi#English"
],
[
"China",
"China#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "Gǔ",
"sense": "county",
"word": "古"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "go͞o"
}
],
"word": "Gu"
}
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{
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"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "谷",
"tr": "Gǔ"
},
"expansion": "谷 (Gǔ)",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "古",
"tr": "Gǔ"
},
"expansion": "古 (Gǔ)",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
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},
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],
"etymology_text": "From either Mandarin 谷 (Gǔ) or 古 (Gǔ), from Chinese.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Gus",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Ku",
"tags": [
"alternative"
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}
],
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"expansion": "Gu (plural Gus)",
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],
"glosses": [
"A surname from Chinese."
],
"id": "en-Gu-en-name-4TuPt0~5",
"links": [
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"surname"
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]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "go͞o"
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"word": "Gu"
}
{
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"English terms derived from Mandarin",
"English uncountable nouns",
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"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Mandarin 古 (Gǔ).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Gus",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Ku",
"tags": [
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],
"head_templates": [
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"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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"en:Counties and county-level cities of Linfen",
"en:Places in China",
"en:Places in Linfen",
"en:Places in Shanxi, China"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
16,
18
]
],
"ref": "1985 July 22, “SHANXI INVESTIGATES ILLEGAL HOUSING CONSTRUCTION”, in China Report: Political, Sociological and Military Affairs, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 119:",
"text": "The comrades of Gu county said: From building a private house to sitting in jail, Xu Peng suffered the consequences of placing profit first as a result of his decadent bourgeois ideology.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
86,
88
]
],
"english": "中国农学通报",
"ref": "2004, Li Yuemei [李月梅], “Key Techniques for Spring Cultivation of Lentinua Edodes?s High Yield and Good Quality [香菇春季栽培高产优质的关键管理技术]”, in Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin [中国农学通报], number 3, →DOI, →OCLC, archived from the original on 25 May 2024:",
"text": "According to the recent years study and productive practice of LV Centinula edodes of Gu county, Shanxi, the key techniques for spring cultivation of lentinula edodes?s high yield and good quality are put forward, including choosing suitable cultivation time , proper cultivars and making a good management during the colour-change and passing summer.",
"translation": "中国农学通报",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
262,
268
]
],
"ref": "[2012 October 25, Tom Phillips, “China’s Chernobyl Cleans Up Its Act”, in The Daily Beast, archived from the original on 05 Dec 2020:",
"text": "Nearly a decade on from its humiliation, Linfen is even trying to reinvent itself as a green city. Yang claimed solar energy had been introduced in hotels, guesthouses and “many households”—including his own. Small wind farms are planned for Linfen’s Puxian and Guxian counties. Some former factory owners have even branched out into “green landscaping.” Last year a seven-mile-long park opened on the banks of the River Fen, which flows through Linfen.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
347,
349
],
[
460,
462
],
[
591,
593
]
],
"ref": "2014, Benjamin Lillebrohus, Chinese Rural-Urban Difference in Opportunity of Obtaining Higher Education, University of Lund, archived from the original on 17 Aug 2017, page 9:",
"text": "A good illustration of this difference can be found by pulling statistics from a single prefecture level city and compare the gross domestic production per capita for two of the prefecture’s counties; in the publication 2010 Línfén tǒngjì niánjiàn (2010 临汾统计年鉴) the GDP per capita in Yonghe County is 5,632 RMB in 2009 while the GDP per capita in Gu County amounts to 47,933 RMB the same year. The two counties are only 188km apart, and yet the citizens under Gu County’s administration enjoy an income approximately 8.5 times higher than those under Yonghe County’s. One of the reasons for Gu County’s relative well developed economy may be its location approximately 51km from Linfen City, while the distance from Linfen City to Yonghe County roughly amounts to 165 km.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A county of Linfen, Shanxi, China."
],
"links": [
[
"county",
"county"
],
[
"Linfen",
"Linfen#English"
],
[
"Shanxi",
"Shanxi#English"
],
[
"China",
"China#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "go͞o"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "Gǔ",
"sense": "county",
"word": "古"
}
],
"word": "Gu"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Mandarin",
"English terms derived from Chinese",
"English terms derived from Mandarin",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
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{
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"1": "en",
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"expansion": "Mandarin",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "谷",
"tr": "Gǔ"
},
"expansion": "谷 (Gǔ)",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "古",
"tr": "Gǔ"
},
"expansion": "古 (Gǔ)",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "zh",
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},
"expansion": "Chinese",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From either Mandarin 谷 (Gǔ) or 古 (Gǔ), from Chinese.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Gus",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Ku",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
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"args": {
"1": "s"
},
"expansion": "Gu (plural Gus)",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English surnames",
"English surnames from Chinese"
],
"glosses": [
"A surname from Chinese."
],
"links": [
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]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "go͞o"
}
],
"word": "Gu"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Gu meaning in English (5.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-19 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (d1270d2 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.