"Chiu-ch'üan" meaning in English

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  "etymology_text": "From Mandarin 酒泉 (Jiǔquán) Wade–Giles romanization: Chiu³-chʻüan².",
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          "ref": "1964, William Samolin, East Turkistan to the Twelfth Century, The Hague: Mouton & Co, →OCLC, →OL, pages 57–58, 89:",
          "text": "It is not clear whether Tardu's attack on Chiu-chʻüan (97) preceded the aforementioned intrigue.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1974, D. J. Dwyer, editor, China Now: an Introductory Survey with Readings, Longman, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 236:",
          "text": "No less than eight shafts have been started since 1953 at Shih-chü-shan (Shihtsuishan), and by 1962 they were expected to produce 5 million tons a year. They will largely feed railways, especially the Lan-chou (Lanchow)—Pao-t’ou line, and, eventually, the projected steelworks at Chiu-ch’üan (Kiuchuan) in Kansu.",
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        },
        {
          "ref": "1979, Yasushi Inoue, “Lou-lan”, in Edward Seidensticker, transl., Lou-lan and Other Stories, Kodansha International, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 14:",
          "text": "The men of Lou-Ian thought that they would not again see the Hsiung-nu. They had heard that the Han had routed the nomads and they were not beyond believing the rumors. They had been told by travelers that there were Han stations at Chiu-ch'üan and Tun-huang, once Hsiung-nu strongholds, that the Great Wall had been extended to Chiu-ch'üan, that to the west of Tun-huang there were numerous beacon towers and strong points, among them the Jade Gate and the Yang Barrier, and that communication routes between Han China and the Western Marches had been secured.",
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        "Alternative form of Jiuquan"
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  "word": "Chiu-ch'üan"
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          "ref": "1964, William Samolin, East Turkistan to the Twelfth Century, The Hague: Mouton & Co, →OCLC, →OL, pages 57–58, 89:",
          "text": "It is not clear whether Tardu's attack on Chiu-chʻüan (97) preceded the aforementioned intrigue.",
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        },
        {
          "ref": "1974, D. J. Dwyer, editor, China Now: an Introductory Survey with Readings, Longman, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 236:",
          "text": "No less than eight shafts have been started since 1953 at Shih-chü-shan (Shihtsuishan), and by 1962 they were expected to produce 5 million tons a year. They will largely feed railways, especially the Lan-chou (Lanchow)—Pao-t’ou line, and, eventually, the projected steelworks at Chiu-ch’üan (Kiuchuan) in Kansu.",
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          "ref": "1979, Yasushi Inoue, “Lou-lan”, in Edward Seidensticker, transl., Lou-lan and Other Stories, Kodansha International, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 14:",
          "text": "The men of Lou-Ian thought that they would not again see the Hsiung-nu. They had heard that the Han had routed the nomads and they were not beyond believing the rumors. They had been told by travelers that there were Han stations at Chiu-ch'üan and Tun-huang, once Hsiung-nu strongholds, that the Great Wall had been extended to Chiu-ch'üan, that to the west of Tun-huang there were numerous beacon towers and strong points, among them the Jade Gate and the Yang Barrier, and that communication routes between Han China and the Western Marches had been secured.",
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