English Wiktionary data extraction errors and warnings

cheap/English/adv

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cheap/English/adv: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English obsolete terms", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms with homophones", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 3 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Ancient Greek translations", "Requests for review of Breton translations", "Requests for review of Esperanto translations", "Requests for review of Northern Sotho translations", "Requests for review of Romanian translations", "Requests for review of Telugu translations", "Requests for review of Tswana translations", "Requests for review of Turkish translations", "Requests for review of Xhosa translations", "Requests for review of Yoruba translations", "Rhymes:English/iːp", "Rhymes:English/iːp/1 syllable", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Northern Sotho translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Tswana translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Xhosa translations", "Terms with Yoruba translations", "Terms with Zazaki translations"], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "Inherited"}, "expansion": "Inherited", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "cheep", "4": "", "5": "", "g": "", "g2": "", "g3": "", "id": "", "lit": "", "nocat": "", "pos": "", "sc": "", "sort": "", "tr": "", "ts": ""}, "expansion": "Middle English cheep", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "cheep"}, "expansion": "Inherited from Middle English cheep", "name": "inh+"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "cēap", "t": "cattle, purchase, sale"}, "expansion": "Old English cēap (“cattle, purchase, sale”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*kaup", "t": "trade, purchase"}, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kaup (“trade, purchase”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*kaupōną"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kaupōną", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "caupō", "t": "tradesman, innkeeper"}, "expansion": "Latin caupō (“tradesman, innkeeper”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "2", "2": "cog"}, "expansion": "Cognates", "name": "col-top"}, {"args": {"1": "sco", "2": "chepe", "t": "to sell"}, "expansion": "Scots chepe (“to sell”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "frr", "2": "keap", "t": "purchase"}, "expansion": "North Frisian keap (“purchase”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "keap", "t": "purchase, buy, acquisition"}, "expansion": "West Frisian keap (“purchase, buy, acquisition”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "koop", "t": "buy, purchase, deal"}, "expansion": "Dutch koop (“buy, purchase, deal”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds", "2": "kopen", "t": "to buy"}, "expansion": "Low German kopen (“to buy”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "Kauf", "t": "trade, traffic, bargain, purchase, buy"}, "expansion": "German Kauf (“trade, traffic, bargain, purchase, buy”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "köp", "t": "bargain, purchase"}, "expansion": "Swedish köp (“bargain, purchase”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nn", "2": "kjøpa", "t": "to buy, purchase"}, "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk kjøpa (“to buy, purchase”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "is", "2": "kaup", "t": "purchase, bargain"}, "expansion": "Icelandic kaup (“purchase, bargain”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fi", "2": "kauppa", "t": "shop, trade"}, "expansion": "Finnish kauppa (“shop, trade”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "ru", "2": "купить", "t": "to purchase"}, "expansion": "Russian купить (kupitʹ, “to purchase”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "cu", "2": "коупити", "t": "to purchase"}, "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic коупити (kupiti, “to purchase”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "bg", "2": "ку́пя", "t": "to purchase"}, "expansion": "Bulgarian ку́пя (kúpja, “to purchase”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sh", "2": "купити", "t": "to purchase"}, "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian купити (“to purchase”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "cs", "2": "koupit", "t": "to purchase"}, "expansion": "Czech koupit (“to purchase”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "pl", "2": "kupić", "t": "to purchase"}, "expansion": "Polish kupić (“to purchase”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English cheep, chepe/chepen, chep, cheap/cheapien, chapien, from Old English cēap (“cattle, purchase, sale”), ċēapian (“to bargain, chaffer, trade”), from Proto-West Germanic *kaup (“trade, purchase”), *kaupōn (“to buy, trade”), from Proto-Germanic *kaupōną, *kaupijaną (“to buy, trade”), *kaupô (“inn-keeper, merchant”), from Latin caupō (“tradesman, innkeeper”). See also chapman. For sense evolution to \"inexpensive,\" compare bargain or French bon marché.\nCognates\nCognate with Scots chepe (“to sell”), chape (“sale price”), North Frisian keap (“purchase”), West Frisian keap (“purchase, buy, acquisition”), Dutch koop (“buy, purchase, deal”), kopen (“to buy, purchase, shop”), Low German kopen (“to buy”), German Kauf (“trade, traffic, bargain, purchase, buy”), kaufen (“to buy”), Swedish köp (“bargain, purchase”), köpa (“to buy, purchase”), Norwegian Nynorsk kjøpa (“to buy, purchase”), Icelandic kaup (“purchase, bargain”), kaupa (“to purchase”); also borrowed as Finnish kauppa (“shop, trade”), Russian купить (kupitʹ, “to purchase”), Old Church Slavonic коупити (kupiti, “to purchase”), Bulgarian ку́пя (kúpja, “to purchase”), Serbo-Croatian купити (“to purchase”), Czech koupit (“to purchase”), Polish kupić (“to purchase”).", "forms": [{"form": "more cheap", "tags": ["comparative"]}, {"form": "most cheap", "tags": ["superlative"]}, {"form": "chap", "tags": ["alternative"]}, {"form": "chop", "tags": ["alternative"]}, {"form": "ch3ap", "tags": ["alternative"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "cheap (comparative more cheap, superlative most cheap)", "name": "en-adv"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adv", "senses": [{"examples": [{"text": "I bought this cheap in a junk shop."}, {"text": "The pet shop has some budgerigars going cheap."}, {"text": "March 24 1658, John Milton, letter to Emeric Bigot\nI need not request you to purchase them as cheap as possible"}], "glosses": ["Cheaply."], "links": [["Cheaply", "cheaply"]], "tags": ["obsolete"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/t͡ʃip/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "chēp", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡ʃiːp/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"audio": "En-uk-cheap.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1d/En-uk-cheap.ogg/En-uk-cheap.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/En-uk-cheap.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-iːp"}, {"homophone": "cheep"}], "word": "cheap"}

cheap (adv) cheap/English/adv: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English obsolete terms", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms with homophones", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 3 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Ancient Greek translations", "Requests for review of Breton translations", "Requests for review of Esperanto translations", "Requests for review of Northern Sotho translations", "Requests for review of Romanian translations", "Requests for review of Telugu translations", "Requests for review of Tswana translations", "Requests for review of Turkish translations", "Requests for review of Xhosa translations", "Requests for review of Yoruba translations", "Rhymes:English/iːp", "Rhymes:English/iːp/1 syllable", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Northern Sotho translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Tswana translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Xhosa translations", "Terms with Yoruba translations", "Terms with Zazaki translations"], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "Inherited"}, "expansion": "Inherited", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "cheep", "4": "", "5": "", "g": "", "g2": "", "g3": "", "id": "", "lit": "", "nocat": "", "pos": "", "sc": "", "sort": "", "tr": "", "ts": ""}, "expansion": "Middle English cheep", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "cheep"}, "expansion": "Inherited from Middle English cheep", "name": "inh+"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "cēap", "t": "cattle, purchase, sale"}, "expansion": "Old English cēap (“cattle, purchase, sale”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*kaup", "t": "trade, purchase"}, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kaup (“trade, purchase”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*kaupōną"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kaupōną", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "caupō", "t": "tradesman, innkeeper"}, "expansion": "Latin caupō (“tradesman, innkeeper”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "2", "2": "cog"}, "expansion": "Cognates", "name": "col-top"}, {"args": {"1": "sco", "2": "chepe", "t": "to sell"}, "expansion": "Scots chepe (“to sell”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "frr", "2": "keap", "t": "purchase"}, "expansion": "North Frisian keap (“purchase”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "keap", "t": "purchase, buy, acquisition"}, "expansion": "West Frisian keap (“purchase, buy, acquisition”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "koop", "t": "buy, purchase, deal"}, "expansion": "Dutch koop (“buy, purchase, deal”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds", "2": "kopen", "t": "to buy"}, "expansion": "Low German kopen (“to buy”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "Kauf", "t": "trade, traffic, bargain, purchase, buy"}, "expansion": "German Kauf (“trade, traffic, bargain, purchase, buy”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "köp", "t": "bargain, purchase"}, "expansion": "Swedish köp (“bargain, purchase”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nn", "2": "kjøpa", "t": "to buy, purchase"}, "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk kjøpa (“to buy, purchase”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "is", "2": "kaup", "t": "purchase, bargain"}, "expansion": "Icelandic kaup (“purchase, bargain”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fi", "2": "kauppa", "t": "shop, trade"}, "expansion": "Finnish kauppa (“shop, trade”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "ru", "2": "купить", "t": "to purchase"}, "expansion": "Russian купить (kupitʹ, “to purchase”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "cu", "2": "коупити", "t": "to purchase"}, "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic коупити (kupiti, “to purchase”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "bg", "2": "ку́пя", "t": "to purchase"}, "expansion": "Bulgarian ку́пя (kúpja, “to purchase”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sh", "2": "купити", "t": "to purchase"}, "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian купити (“to purchase”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "cs", "2": "koupit", "t": "to purchase"}, "expansion": "Czech koupit (“to purchase”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "pl", "2": "kupić", "t": "to purchase"}, "expansion": "Polish kupić (“to purchase”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English cheep, chepe/chepen, chep, cheap/cheapien, chapien, from Old English cēap (“cattle, purchase, sale”), ċēapian (“to bargain, chaffer, trade”), from Proto-West Germanic *kaup (“trade, purchase”), *kaupōn (“to buy, trade”), from Proto-Germanic *kaupōną, *kaupijaną (“to buy, trade”), *kaupô (“inn-keeper, merchant”), from Latin caupō (“tradesman, innkeeper”). See also chapman. For sense evolution to \"inexpensive,\" compare bargain or French bon marché.\nCognates\nCognate with Scots chepe (“to sell”), chape (“sale price”), North Frisian keap (“purchase”), West Frisian keap (“purchase, buy, acquisition”), Dutch koop (“buy, purchase, deal”), kopen (“to buy, purchase, shop”), Low German kopen (“to buy”), German Kauf (“trade, traffic, bargain, purchase, buy”), kaufen (“to buy”), Swedish köp (“bargain, purchase”), köpa (“to buy, purchase”), Norwegian Nynorsk kjøpa (“to buy, purchase”), Icelandic kaup (“purchase, bargain”), kaupa (“to purchase”); also borrowed as Finnish kauppa (“shop, trade”), Russian купить (kupitʹ, “to purchase”), Old Church Slavonic коупити (kupiti, “to purchase”), Bulgarian ку́пя (kúpja, “to purchase”), Serbo-Croatian купити (“to purchase”), Czech koupit (“to purchase”), Polish kupić (“to purchase”).", "forms": [{"form": "more cheap", "tags": ["comparative"]}, {"form": "most cheap", "tags": ["superlative"]}, {"form": "chap", "tags": ["alternative"]}, {"form": "chop", "tags": ["alternative"]}, {"form": "ch3ap", "tags": ["alternative"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "cheap (comparative more cheap, superlative most cheap)", "name": "en-adv"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adv", "senses": [{"examples": [{"text": "I bought this cheap in a junk shop."}, {"text": "The pet shop has some budgerigars going cheap."}, {"text": "March 24 1658, John Milton, letter to Emeric Bigot\nI need not request you to purchase them as cheap as possible"}], "glosses": ["Cheaply."], "links": [["Cheaply", "cheaply"]], "tags": ["obsolete"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/t͡ʃip/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "chēp", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡ʃiːp/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"audio": "En-uk-cheap.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1d/En-uk-cheap.ogg/En-uk-cheap.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/En-uk-cheap.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-iːp"}, {"homophone": "cheep"}], "word": "cheap"}

cheap (adv) cheap/English/adv: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English obsolete terms", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms with homophones", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 3 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Ancient Greek translations", "Requests for review of Breton translations", "Requests for review of Esperanto translations", "Requests for review of Northern Sotho translations", "Requests for review of Romanian translations", "Requests for review of Telugu translations", "Requests for review of Tswana translations", "Requests for review of Turkish translations", "Requests for review of Xhosa translations", "Requests for review of Yoruba translations", "Rhymes:English/iːp", "Rhymes:English/iːp/1 syllable", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Northern Sotho translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Tswana translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Xhosa translations", "Terms with Yoruba translations", "Terms with Zazaki translations"], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "Inherited"}, "expansion": "Inherited", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "cheep", "4": "", "5": "", "g": "", "g2": "", "g3": "", "id": "", "lit": "", "nocat": "", "pos": "", "sc": "", "sort": "", "tr": "", "ts": ""}, "expansion": "Middle English cheep", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "cheep"}, "expansion": "Inherited from Middle English cheep", "name": "inh+"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "cēap", "t": "cattle, purchase, sale"}, "expansion": "Old English cēap (“cattle, purchase, sale”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*kaup", "t": "trade, purchase"}, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kaup (“trade, purchase”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*kaupōną"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kaupōną", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "caupō", "t": "tradesman, innkeeper"}, "expansion": "Latin caupō (“tradesman, innkeeper”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "2", "2": "cog"}, "expansion": "Cognates", "name": "col-top"}, {"args": {"1": "sco", "2": "chepe", "t": "to sell"}, "expansion": "Scots chepe (“to sell”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "frr", "2": "keap", "t": "purchase"}, "expansion": "North Frisian keap (“purchase”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "keap", "t": "purchase, buy, acquisition"}, "expansion": "West Frisian keap (“purchase, buy, acquisition”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "koop", "t": "buy, purchase, deal"}, "expansion": "Dutch koop (“buy, purchase, deal”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds", "2": "kopen", "t": "to buy"}, "expansion": "Low German kopen (“to buy”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "Kauf", "t": "trade, traffic, bargain, purchase, buy"}, "expansion": "German Kauf (“trade, traffic, bargain, purchase, buy”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "köp", "t": "bargain, purchase"}, "expansion": "Swedish köp (“bargain, purchase”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nn", "2": "kjøpa", "t": "to buy, purchase"}, "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk kjøpa (“to buy, purchase”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "is", "2": "kaup", "t": "purchase, bargain"}, "expansion": "Icelandic kaup (“purchase, bargain”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fi", "2": "kauppa", "t": "shop, trade"}, "expansion": "Finnish kauppa (“shop, trade”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "ru", "2": "купить", "t": "to purchase"}, "expansion": "Russian купить (kupitʹ, “to purchase”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "cu", "2": "коупити", "t": "to purchase"}, "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic коупити (kupiti, “to purchase”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "bg", "2": "ку́пя", "t": "to purchase"}, "expansion": "Bulgarian ку́пя (kúpja, “to purchase”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sh", "2": "купити", "t": "to purchase"}, "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian купити (“to purchase”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "cs", "2": "koupit", "t": "to purchase"}, "expansion": "Czech koupit (“to purchase”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "pl", "2": "kupić", "t": "to purchase"}, "expansion": "Polish kupić (“to purchase”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English cheep, chepe/chepen, chep, cheap/cheapien, chapien, from Old English cēap (“cattle, purchase, sale”), ċēapian (“to bargain, chaffer, trade”), from Proto-West Germanic *kaup (“trade, purchase”), *kaupōn (“to buy, trade”), from Proto-Germanic *kaupōną, *kaupijaną (“to buy, trade”), *kaupô (“inn-keeper, merchant”), from Latin caupō (“tradesman, innkeeper”). See also chapman. For sense evolution to \"inexpensive,\" compare bargain or French bon marché.\nCognates\nCognate with Scots chepe (“to sell”), chape (“sale price”), North Frisian keap (“purchase”), West Frisian keap (“purchase, buy, acquisition”), Dutch koop (“buy, purchase, deal”), kopen (“to buy, purchase, shop”), Low German kopen (“to buy”), German Kauf (“trade, traffic, bargain, purchase, buy”), kaufen (“to buy”), Swedish köp (“bargain, purchase”), köpa (“to buy, purchase”), Norwegian Nynorsk kjøpa (“to buy, purchase”), Icelandic kaup (“purchase, bargain”), kaupa (“to purchase”); also borrowed as Finnish kauppa (“shop, trade”), Russian купить (kupitʹ, “to purchase”), Old Church Slavonic коупити (kupiti, “to purchase”), Bulgarian ку́пя (kúpja, “to purchase”), Serbo-Croatian купити (“to purchase”), Czech koupit (“to purchase”), Polish kupić (“to purchase”).", "forms": [{"form": "more cheap", "tags": ["comparative"]}, {"form": "most cheap", "tags": ["superlative"]}, {"form": "chap", "tags": ["alternative"]}, {"form": "chop", "tags": ["alternative"]}, {"form": "ch3ap", "tags": ["alternative"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "cheap (comparative more cheap, superlative most cheap)", "name": "en-adv"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adv", "senses": [{"examples": [{"text": "I bought this cheap in a junk shop."}, {"text": "The pet shop has some budgerigars going cheap."}, {"text": "March 24 1658, John Milton, letter to Emeric Bigot\nI need not request you to purchase them as cheap as possible"}], "glosses": ["Cheaply."], "links": [["Cheaply", "cheaply"]], "tags": ["obsolete"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/t͡ʃip/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "chēp", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡ʃiːp/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"audio": "En-uk-cheap.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1d/En-uk-cheap.ogg/En-uk-cheap.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/En-uk-cheap.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-iːp"}, {"homophone": "cheep"}], "word": "cheap"}

cheap/English/adv: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English obsolete terms", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms with homophones", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 3 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Ancient Greek translations", "Requests for review of Breton translations", "Requests for review of Esperanto translations", "Requests for review of Northern Sotho translations", "Requests for review of Romanian translations", "Requests for review of Telugu translations", "Requests for review of Tswana translations", "Requests for review of Turkish translations", "Requests for review of Xhosa translations", "Requests for review of Yoruba translations", "Rhymes:English/iːp", "Rhymes:English/iːp/1 syllable", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Northern Sotho translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Tswana translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Xhosa translations", "Terms with Yoruba translations", "Terms with Zazaki translations"], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "Inherited"}, "expansion": "Inherited", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "cheep", "4": "", "5": "", "g": "", "g2": "", "g3": "", "id": "", "lit": "", "nocat": "", "pos": "", "sc": "", "sort": "", "tr": "", "ts": ""}, "expansion": "Middle English cheep", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "cheep"}, "expansion": "Inherited from Middle English cheep", "name": "inh+"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "cēap", "t": "cattle, purchase, sale"}, "expansion": "Old English cēap (“cattle, purchase, sale”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*kaup", "t": "trade, purchase"}, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kaup (“trade, purchase”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*kaupōną"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kaupōną", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "caupō", "t": "tradesman, innkeeper"}, "expansion": "Latin caupō (“tradesman, innkeeper”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "2", "2": "cog"}, "expansion": "Cognates", "name": "col-top"}, {"args": {"1": "sco", "2": "chepe", "t": "to sell"}, "expansion": "Scots chepe (“to sell”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "frr", "2": "keap", "t": "purchase"}, "expansion": "North Frisian keap (“purchase”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "keap", "t": "purchase, buy, acquisition"}, "expansion": "West Frisian keap (“purchase, buy, acquisition”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "koop", "t": "buy, purchase, deal"}, "expansion": "Dutch koop (“buy, purchase, deal”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds", "2": "kopen", "t": "to buy"}, "expansion": "Low German kopen (“to buy”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "Kauf", "t": "trade, traffic, bargain, purchase, buy"}, "expansion": "German Kauf (“trade, traffic, bargain, purchase, buy”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "köp", "t": "bargain, purchase"}, "expansion": "Swedish köp (“bargain, purchase”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nn", "2": "kjøpa", "t": "to buy, purchase"}, "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk kjøpa (“to buy, purchase”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "is", "2": "kaup", "t": "purchase, bargain"}, "expansion": "Icelandic kaup (“purchase, bargain”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fi", "2": "kauppa", "t": "shop, trade"}, "expansion": "Finnish kauppa (“shop, trade”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "ru", "2": "купить", "t": "to purchase"}, "expansion": "Russian купить (kupitʹ, “to purchase”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "cu", "2": "коупити", "t": "to purchase"}, "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic коупити (kupiti, “to purchase”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "bg", "2": "ку́пя", "t": "to purchase"}, "expansion": "Bulgarian ку́пя (kúpja, “to purchase”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sh", "2": "купити", "t": "to purchase"}, "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian купити (“to purchase”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "cs", "2": "koupit", "t": "to purchase"}, "expansion": "Czech koupit (“to purchase”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "pl", "2": "kupić", "t": "to purchase"}, "expansion": "Polish kupić (“to purchase”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English cheep, chepe/chepen, chep, cheap/cheapien, chapien, from Old English cēap (“cattle, purchase, sale”), ċēapian (“to bargain, chaffer, trade”), from Proto-West Germanic *kaup (“trade, purchase”), *kaupōn (“to buy, trade”), from Proto-Germanic *kaupōną, *kaupijaną (“to buy, trade”), *kaupô (“inn-keeper, merchant”), from Latin caupō (“tradesman, innkeeper”). See also chapman. For sense evolution to \"inexpensive,\" compare bargain or French bon marché.\nCognates\nCognate with Scots chepe (“to sell”), chape (“sale price”), North Frisian keap (“purchase”), West Frisian keap (“purchase, buy, acquisition”), Dutch koop (“buy, purchase, deal”), kopen (“to buy, purchase, shop”), Low German kopen (“to buy”), German Kauf (“trade, traffic, bargain, purchase, buy”), kaufen (“to buy”), Swedish köp (“bargain, purchase”), köpa (“to buy, purchase”), Norwegian Nynorsk kjøpa (“to buy, purchase”), Icelandic kaup (“purchase, bargain”), kaupa (“to purchase”); also borrowed as Finnish kauppa (“shop, trade”), Russian купить (kupitʹ, “to purchase”), Old Church Slavonic коупити (kupiti, “to purchase”), Bulgarian ку́пя (kúpja, “to purchase”), Serbo-Croatian купити (“to purchase”), Czech koupit (“to purchase”), Polish kupić (“to purchase”).", "forms": [{"form": "more cheap", "tags": ["comparative"]}, {"form": "most cheap", "tags": ["superlative"]}, {"form": "chap", "tags": ["alternative"]}, {"form": "chop", "tags": ["alternative"]}, {"form": "ch3ap", "tags": ["alternative"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "cheap (comparative more cheap, superlative most cheap)", "name": "en-adv"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adv", "senses": [{"examples": [{"text": "I bought this cheap in a junk shop."}, {"text": "The pet shop has some budgerigars going cheap."}, {"text": "March 24 1658, John Milton, letter to Emeric Bigot\nI need not request you to purchase them as cheap as possible"}], "glosses": ["Cheaply."], "links": [["Cheaply", "cheaply"]], "tags": ["obsolete"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/t͡ʃip/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "chēp", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡ʃiːp/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"audio": "En-uk-cheap.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1d/En-uk-cheap.ogg/En-uk-cheap.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/En-uk-cheap.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-iːp"}, {"homophone": "cheep"}], "word": "cheap"}

cheap (adv) cheap/English/adv: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English obsolete terms", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms with homophones", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 3 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Ancient Greek translations", "Requests for review of Breton translations", "Requests for review of Esperanto translations", "Requests for review of Northern Sotho translations", "Requests for review of Romanian translations", "Requests for review of Telugu translations", "Requests for review of Tswana translations", "Requests for review of Turkish translations", "Requests for review of Xhosa translations", "Requests for review of Yoruba translations", "Rhymes:English/iːp", "Rhymes:English/iːp/1 syllable", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Northern Sotho translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Tswana translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Xhosa translations", "Terms with Yoruba translations", "Terms with Zazaki translations"], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "Inherited"}, "expansion": "Inherited", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "cheep", "4": "", "5": "", "g": "", "g2": "", "g3": "", "id": "", "lit": "", "nocat": "", "pos": "", "sc": "", "sort": "", "tr": "", "ts": ""}, "expansion": "Middle English cheep", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "cheep"}, "expansion": "Inherited from Middle English cheep", "name": "inh+"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "cēap", "t": "cattle, purchase, sale"}, "expansion": "Old English cēap (“cattle, purchase, sale”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*kaup", "t": "trade, purchase"}, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kaup (“trade, purchase”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*kaupōną"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kaupōną", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "caupō", "t": "tradesman, innkeeper"}, "expansion": "Latin caupō (“tradesman, innkeeper”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "2", "2": "cog"}, "expansion": "Cognates", "name": "col-top"}, {"args": {"1": "sco", "2": "chepe", "t": "to sell"}, "expansion": "Scots chepe (“to sell”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "frr", "2": "keap", "t": "purchase"}, "expansion": "North Frisian keap (“purchase”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fy", "2": "keap", "t": "purchase, buy, acquisition"}, "expansion": "West Frisian keap (“purchase, buy, acquisition”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "koop", "t": "buy, purchase, deal"}, "expansion": "Dutch koop (“buy, purchase, deal”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds", "2": "kopen", "t": "to buy"}, "expansion": "Low German kopen (“to buy”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "Kauf", "t": "trade, traffic, bargain, purchase, buy"}, "expansion": "German Kauf (“trade, traffic, bargain, purchase, buy”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sv", "2": "köp", "t": "bargain, purchase"}, "expansion": "Swedish köp (“bargain, purchase”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nn", "2": "kjøpa", "t": "to buy, purchase"}, "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk kjøpa (“to buy, purchase”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "is", "2": "kaup", "t": "purchase, bargain"}, "expansion": "Icelandic kaup (“purchase, bargain”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "fi", "2": "kauppa", "t": "shop, trade"}, "expansion": "Finnish kauppa (“shop, trade”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "ru", "2": "купить", "t": "to purchase"}, "expansion": "Russian купить (kupitʹ, “to purchase”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "cu", "2": "коупити", "t": "to purchase"}, "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic коупити (kupiti, “to purchase”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "bg", "2": "ку́пя", "t": "to purchase"}, "expansion": "Bulgarian ку́пя (kúpja, “to purchase”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "sh", "2": "купити", "t": "to purchase"}, "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian купити (“to purchase”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "cs", "2": "koupit", "t": "to purchase"}, "expansion": "Czech koupit (“to purchase”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "pl", "2": "kupić", "t": "to purchase"}, "expansion": "Polish kupić (“to purchase”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English cheep, chepe/chepen, chep, cheap/cheapien, chapien, from Old English cēap (“cattle, purchase, sale”), ċēapian (“to bargain, chaffer, trade”), from Proto-West Germanic *kaup (“trade, purchase”), *kaupōn (“to buy, trade”), from Proto-Germanic *kaupōną, *kaupijaną (“to buy, trade”), *kaupô (“inn-keeper, merchant”), from Latin caupō (“tradesman, innkeeper”). See also chapman. For sense evolution to \"inexpensive,\" compare bargain or French bon marché.\nCognates\nCognate with Scots chepe (“to sell”), chape (“sale price”), North Frisian keap (“purchase”), West Frisian keap (“purchase, buy, acquisition”), Dutch koop (“buy, purchase, deal”), kopen (“to buy, purchase, shop”), Low German kopen (“to buy”), German Kauf (“trade, traffic, bargain, purchase, buy”), kaufen (“to buy”), Swedish köp (“bargain, purchase”), köpa (“to buy, purchase”), Norwegian Nynorsk kjøpa (“to buy, purchase”), Icelandic kaup (“purchase, bargain”), kaupa (“to purchase”); also borrowed as Finnish kauppa (“shop, trade”), Russian купить (kupitʹ, “to purchase”), Old Church Slavonic коупити (kupiti, “to purchase”), Bulgarian ку́пя (kúpja, “to purchase”), Serbo-Croatian купити (“to purchase”), Czech koupit (“to purchase”), Polish kupić (“to purchase”).", "forms": [{"form": "more cheap", "tags": ["comparative"]}, {"form": "most cheap", "tags": ["superlative"]}, {"form": "chap", "tags": ["alternative"]}, {"form": "chop", "tags": ["alternative"]}, {"form": "ch3ap", "tags": ["alternative"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "cheap (comparative more cheap, superlative most cheap)", "name": "en-adv"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adv", "senses": [{"examples": [{"text": "I bought this cheap in a junk shop."}, {"text": "The pet shop has some budgerigars going cheap."}, {"text": "March 24 1658, John Milton, letter to Emeric Bigot\nI need not request you to purchase them as cheap as possible"}], "glosses": ["Cheaply."], "links": [["Cheaply", "cheaply"]], "tags": ["obsolete"]}], "sounds": [{"ipa": "/t͡ʃip/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "chēp", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡ʃiːp/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"audio": "En-uk-cheap.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1d/En-uk-cheap.ogg/En-uk-cheap.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/En-uk-cheap.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-iːp"}, {"homophone": "cheep"}], "word": "cheap"}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (85b9f46 and 1b6da77). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

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