before (prep) before/English/prep: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English adverbs", "English conjunctions", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English prepositions", "English sequence adverbs", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English uncomparable adverbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Requests for native script for Manchu terms", "Requests for review of Breton translations", "Requests for review of Ido translations", "Requests for review of Indonesian translations", "Requests for review of Interlingua translations", "Requests for review of Irish translations", "Requests for review of Manchu translations", "Requests for review of Old English translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)/2 syllables", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Ashkun translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dhivehi translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hausa translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ingrian translations", "Terms with Ingush translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kamkata-viri translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Kikai translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kunigami translations", "Terms with Ladin translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Low German translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Manchu translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maore Comorian translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Maranao translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Miyako translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Northern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Okinawan translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Old Irish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Pijin translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Southern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Southern Ohlone translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tokunoshima translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Waigali translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Yaeyama translations", "Terms with Yonaguni translations", "Terms with Yoron translations", "en:Time"], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "Inherited"}, "expansion": "Inherited", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore", "4": "", "5": "", "g": "", "g2": "", "g3": "", "id": "", "lit": "", "nocat": "", "pos": "", "sc": "", "sort": "", "tr": "", "ts": ""}, "expansion": "Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore"}, "expansion": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh+"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "beforan"}, "expansion": "Old English beforan", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*furai"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *furai", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*per-", "4": "", "5": "front"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "befoar", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds-de", "2": "bevör", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German Low German bevör (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "bevor", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German bevor (“before”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore, from Old English beforan, from be- + foran (“before”), from fore, from Proto-Germanic *furai, from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”), German Low German bevör (“before”), German bevor (“before”).", "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "prepositions", "head": ""}, "expansion": "before", "name": "head"}, {"args": {}, "expansion": "before", "name": "en-prep"}], "hyphenation": ["be‧fore"], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "prep", "senses": [{"antonyms": [{"word": "after"}, {"word": "later than"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "I want this done before Monday.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter V, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:", "text": "We made an odd party before the arrival of the Ten, particularly when the Celebrity dropped in for lunch or dinner.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Earlier than (in time)."], "synonyms": [{"word": "by"}, {"word": "no later than"}, {"word": "previous to"}, {"word": "prior to"}, {"word": "ere"}]}, {"antonyms": [{"word": "behind"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "He stood before me.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "We sat before the fire to warm ourselves.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book XII”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:", "text": "His angel, who shall go / Before them in a cloud and pillar of fire.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1909, Archibald Marshall [pseudonym; Arthur Hammond Marshall], chapter I, in The Squire’s Daughter, New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead and Company, published 1919, →OCLC:", "text": "He tried to persuade Cicely to stay away from the ball-room for a fourth dance.[…]But she said she must go back, and when they joined the crowd again[…]she found her mother standing up before the seat on which she had sat all the evening searching anxiously for her with her eyes, and her father by her side.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2013 September-October, Henry Petroski, “The Evolution of Eyeglasses”, in American Scientist:", "text": "The ability of a segment of a glass sphere to magnify whatever is placed before it was known around the year 1000, when the spherical segment was called a reading stone, essentially what today we might term a frameless magnifying glass or plain glass paperweight.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["In front of in space."], "synonyms": [{"word": "ahead of"}, {"word": "in front of"}]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "He performed before the troops in North Africa.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "He spoke before a joint session of Congress.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["In the presence of."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "The case laid before the panel aroused nothing but ridicule.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1726, John Ayliffe, Parergon Juris Canonici Anglicani:", "text": "If a suit be begun before an archdeacon[…]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Under consideration, judgment, authority of (someone)."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "Your whole life is before you.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1831, Thomas Carlyle, “The Phœnix”, in Sartor Resartus: The Life and Opinions of Herr Teufelsdröckh. […], London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC, 3rd book, page 164:", "text": "The golden age[…]is before us.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1905, Lord Dunsany [i.e., Edward Plunkett, 18th Baron of Dunsany], The Gods of Pegāna, London: [Charles] Elkin Mathews, […], →OCLC, page 76:", "text": "There is an Eternity behind thee as well as one before. Hast thou bewailed the aeons that passed without thee, who art so much afraid of the aeons that shall pass?", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["In store for, in the future of (someone)."]}, {"antonyms": [{"word": "after"}], "categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "In alphabetical order, \"cat\" comes before \"dog\", \"canine\" before feline\".", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["In front of, according to a formal system of ordering items."], "synonyms": [{"word": "ahead of"}]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "An entrepreneur puts market share and profit before quality, and amateur intrinsic qualities before economical considerations.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, John 1:15:", "text": "He that cometh after me is preferred before me.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["At a higher or greater position than, in a ranking."]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "bĭfôʹ", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfɔː/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "bəfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bēfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bəˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/biˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfōrʹ", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfo(ː)ɹ/", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoə/", "note": "non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"audio": "en-us-before.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg/En-us-before.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɔː(ɹ)"}], "synonyms": [{"word": "befo"}, {"english": "African-American Vernacular", "tags": ["pronunciation-spelling"], "word": "befo'"}, {"word": "b4"}, {"tags": ["Internet"], "word": "be4"}], "translations": [{"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "para"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qabla", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "قَبْلَ"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔabl", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic"], "word": "قبل"}, {"code": "acw", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "gabil", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Hijazi-Arabic"], "word": "قَبل"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qbal", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "قبل"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙaǰ", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "առաջ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "minčʻew", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "մինչեւ"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nãnti"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ninti (roa-rup)"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nãinti"}, {"code": "ask", "lang": "Ashkun", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nustāri"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "qabaq"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "əvvəl"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "irəli"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "elek", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "элек"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "boron", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "борон"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "alda", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "алда"}, {"code": "eu", "lang": "Basque", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "baino lehen"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "da", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "да"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pjérad", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пе́рад"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predi", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "преди"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "abans de"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "abans que"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...yǐqián", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...以前"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...zhīqián", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...之前"}, {"code": "kw", "lang": "Cornish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "kyns"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "aldı"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "aldında"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "před"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "før"}, {"code": "dv", "lang": "Dhivehi", "roman": "is", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "އިސް"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "voordat"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antaŭ"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "aikaisemmin"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "varhemmin"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avant que"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣in", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "წინ"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣inat", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "წინათ"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "-mde", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "-მდე"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "uc̣in", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "უწინ"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "prin", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "πριν"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "pró", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "πρό"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lif'nei", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "לִפְנֵי"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "... se pahle", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "... से पहले"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "előtt"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "áður"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "fyrr"}, {"code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "roimh"}, {"code": "sga", "lang": "Old Irish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ré"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "prima"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "innanzi"}, {"alt": "...のまえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "...no mae ni", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...の前に"}, {"code": "bsh", "lang": "Kamkata-vari", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nūštař"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "kzg", "lang": "Kikai", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ijeone", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "이전에"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "jeone", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "전에"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "xug", "lang": "Kunigami", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "kmr", "lang": "Northern Kurdish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "berî"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["with-accusative"], "word": "ante"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "beför"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "fördem"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "fördęm"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "er"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "qabel"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "mua"}, {"code": "mrw", "lang": "Maranao", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "mona"}, {"code": "mr", "lang": "Marathi", "roman": "...-cyā agodar", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...-च्या अगोदर"}, {"code": "mr", "lang": "Marathi", "roman": "...-cyā ādhī", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...-च्या आधी"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "mvi", "lang": "Miyako", "roman": "mai", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "ömnö", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "өмнө"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Guernsey"], "word": "d'vànt qué"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ryn", "lang": "Northern Amami Ōshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "før"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "innen"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ryu", "lang": "Okinawan", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "cu", "lang": "Church Slavic", "roman": "prědŭ", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "прѣдъ"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ǣr"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "qabl", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "قبل"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "piš az", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "پیش از"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "qabl az", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "قبل از"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "nim"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "înainte"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "anterior"}, {"code": "rm", "lang": "Romansch", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "do", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "до"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "préžde", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пре́жде"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["archaic", "poetic"], "word": "пред"}, {"code": "sco", "lang": "Scots", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "afore"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "prije"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pre"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "прије"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пре"}, {"code": "si", "lang": "Sinhalese", "roman": "issara", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ඉස්සර"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pśed"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ams", "lang": "Southern Amami Ōshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "css", "lang": "Southern Ohlone", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "chien"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antes que"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "kabla ya"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "före"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "innan"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "förut"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundu", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ముందు"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundugāla", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ముందుగాల"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "gɔ̀ɔn", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ก่อน"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "tkn", "lang": "Tokunoshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "önce"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "do", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "до"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "ur", "lang": "Urdu", "roman": "... se pahle", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "... سے پہلے"}, {"code": "vec", "lang": "Venetan", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avanti"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "trước khi"}, {"code": "wbk", "lang": "Waigali", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nūst"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "divant"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "divant ki"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "cyn"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "o flaen"}, {"code": "fy", "lang": "West Frisian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "foar"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "rys", "lang": "Yaeyama", "roman": "mai", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "yoi", "lang": "Yonaguni", "roman": "mai", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "yox", "lang": "Yoron", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "para"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qabla", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "قَبْلَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔamāma", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "أَمَامَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "quddāma", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "قُدَّامَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "bayna yaday", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "بَيْنَ يَدَيْ"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "quddām", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "قدام"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qbāla", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "قبالة"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙǰew", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "առջև"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙǰewum", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "առջևում"}, {"code": "ask", "lang": "Ashkun", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "nustāri"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "note": "when specific object is specified", "roman": "aldında", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "алдында"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "note": "when no specific object is specified", "roman": "alda", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "алда"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pjérad", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пе́рад"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "rag"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "rak"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "davant"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...yǐqián", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "...以前"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...zhīqián", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "...之前"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "před"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "vóór"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "antaŭ"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "edessä"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "devant"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣in", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "წინ"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "got", "lang": "Gothic", "roman": "faur", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "brostá se", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "μπροστά σε"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "brostá apó", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "μπροστά από"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "enṓpion", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "ἐνώπιον"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "émprosthen", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "ἔμπροσθεν"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lifnéi", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "לִפְנֵי"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "előtt"}, {"code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "avan"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "di depan"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ees"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "os comhair"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "os coinne"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "davanti"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "innanzi"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "di fronte"}, {"alt": "...のまえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "...no mae ni", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "...の前に"}, {"code": "bsh", "lang": "Kamkata-vari", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "nūštař"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "kzg", "lang": "Kikai", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ape", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "앞에"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "xug", "lang": "Kunigami", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "pêş", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "پێش"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "prō"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "prae"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "di depan"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munnil", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "മുന്നിൽ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpil", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "മുമ്പിൽ"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "quddiem"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "qabel"}, {"code": "swb", "lang": "Maore Comorian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "mbeli za"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "mua"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "mvi", "lang": "Miyako", "roman": "mai", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Guernsey"], "word": "d'vànt"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Jersey"], "word": "d'vant"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "føre"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "framanfor"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ryu", "lang": "Okinawan", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "cu", "lang": "Church Slavic", "roman": "prědŭ", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "прѣдъ"}, {"code": "pis", "lang": "Pijin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "bifoa"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "em frente a"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "na frente de"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "diante de"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "înainte"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "în față"}, {"code": "rm", "lang": "Romansch", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["archaic", "poetic"], "word": "пред"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pśed"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ams", "lang": "Southern Amami Ōshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "frente a"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "enfrente de"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "mbele ya"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "före"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "inför"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundu", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ముందు"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "edara", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ఎదర"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "tkn", "lang": "Tokunoshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "đằng trước"}, {"code": "wbk", "lang": "Waigali", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "nūst"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "divant"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "o flaen"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "yng ngŵydd"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "rys", "lang": "Yaeyama", "roman": "mai", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "yoi", "lang": "Yonaguni", "roman": "mai", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "yox", "lang": "Yoron", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in the presence of", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in the presence of", "word": "os coinne"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in the presence of", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ape", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "앞에"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "för"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "faoi bhráid"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "os comhair"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qabla", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "قَبْلَ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙaǰ", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "առաջ"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "qabaq"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "ala", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ала"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "abans"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...yǐqián", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "...以前"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...zhīqián", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "...之前"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "před"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "før"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "inden"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "-mde", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "-მდე"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lif'nei", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "לִפְנֵי"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "roimh"}, {"alt": "...のまえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "...no mae ni", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "...の前に"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ape", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "앞에"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "pêş", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "پێش"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "för"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "pśed"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "före"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundu", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ముందు"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "đằng trước"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "o flaen"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "vóór"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "antaŭ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "før"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "nad"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "awali"}], "word": "before"}
before (prep) before/English/prep: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English adverbs", "English conjunctions", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English prepositions", "English sequence adverbs", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English uncomparable adverbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Requests for native script for Manchu terms", "Requests for review of Breton translations", "Requests for review of Ido translations", "Requests for review of Indonesian translations", "Requests for review of Interlingua translations", "Requests for review of Irish translations", "Requests for review of Manchu translations", "Requests for review of Old English translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)/2 syllables", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Ashkun translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dhivehi translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hausa translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ingrian translations", "Terms with Ingush translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kamkata-viri translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Kikai translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kunigami translations", "Terms with Ladin translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Low German translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Manchu translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maore Comorian translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Maranao translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Miyako translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Northern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Okinawan translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Old Irish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Pijin translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Southern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Southern Ohlone translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tokunoshima translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Waigali translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Yaeyama translations", "Terms with Yonaguni translations", "Terms with Yoron translations", "en:Time"], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "Inherited"}, "expansion": "Inherited", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore", "4": "", "5": "", "g": "", "g2": "", "g3": "", "id": "", "lit": "", "nocat": "", "pos": "", "sc": "", "sort": "", "tr": "", "ts": ""}, "expansion": "Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore"}, "expansion": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh+"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "beforan"}, "expansion": "Old English beforan", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*furai"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *furai", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*per-", "4": "", "5": "front"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "befoar", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds-de", "2": "bevör", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German Low German bevör (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "bevor", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German bevor (“before”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore, from Old English beforan, from be- + foran (“before”), from fore, from Proto-Germanic *furai, from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”), German Low German bevör (“before”), German bevor (“before”).", "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "prepositions", "head": ""}, "expansion": "before", "name": "head"}, {"args": {}, "expansion": "before", "name": "en-prep"}], "hyphenation": ["be‧fore"], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "prep", "senses": [{"antonyms": [{"word": "after"}, {"word": "later than"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "I want this done before Monday.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter V, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:", "text": "We made an odd party before the arrival of the Ten, particularly when the Celebrity dropped in for lunch or dinner.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Earlier than (in time)."], "synonyms": [{"word": "by"}, {"word": "no later than"}, {"word": "previous to"}, {"word": "prior to"}, {"word": "ere"}]}, {"antonyms": [{"word": "behind"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "He stood before me.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "We sat before the fire to warm ourselves.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book XII”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:", "text": "His angel, who shall go / Before them in a cloud and pillar of fire.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1909, Archibald Marshall [pseudonym; Arthur Hammond Marshall], chapter I, in The Squire’s Daughter, New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead and Company, published 1919, →OCLC:", "text": "He tried to persuade Cicely to stay away from the ball-room for a fourth dance.[…]But she said she must go back, and when they joined the crowd again[…]she found her mother standing up before the seat on which she had sat all the evening searching anxiously for her with her eyes, and her father by her side.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2013 September-October, Henry Petroski, “The Evolution of Eyeglasses”, in American Scientist:", "text": "The ability of a segment of a glass sphere to magnify whatever is placed before it was known around the year 1000, when the spherical segment was called a reading stone, essentially what today we might term a frameless magnifying glass or plain glass paperweight.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["In front of in space."], "synonyms": [{"word": "ahead of"}, {"word": "in front of"}]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "He performed before the troops in North Africa.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "He spoke before a joint session of Congress.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["In the presence of."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "The case laid before the panel aroused nothing but ridicule.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1726, John Ayliffe, Parergon Juris Canonici Anglicani:", "text": "If a suit be begun before an archdeacon[…]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Under consideration, judgment, authority of (someone)."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "Your whole life is before you.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1831, Thomas Carlyle, “The Phœnix”, in Sartor Resartus: The Life and Opinions of Herr Teufelsdröckh. […], London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC, 3rd book, page 164:", "text": "The golden age[…]is before us.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1905, Lord Dunsany [i.e., Edward Plunkett, 18th Baron of Dunsany], The Gods of Pegāna, London: [Charles] Elkin Mathews, […], →OCLC, page 76:", "text": "There is an Eternity behind thee as well as one before. Hast thou bewailed the aeons that passed without thee, who art so much afraid of the aeons that shall pass?", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["In store for, in the future of (someone)."]}, {"antonyms": [{"word": "after"}], "categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "In alphabetical order, \"cat\" comes before \"dog\", \"canine\" before feline\".", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["In front of, according to a formal system of ordering items."], "synonyms": [{"word": "ahead of"}]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "An entrepreneur puts market share and profit before quality, and amateur intrinsic qualities before economical considerations.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, John 1:15:", "text": "He that cometh after me is preferred before me.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["At a higher or greater position than, in a ranking."]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "bĭfôʹ", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfɔː/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "bəfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bēfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bəˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/biˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfōrʹ", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfo(ː)ɹ/", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoə/", "note": "non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"audio": "en-us-before.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg/En-us-before.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɔː(ɹ)"}], "synonyms": [{"word": "befo"}, {"english": "African-American Vernacular", "tags": ["pronunciation-spelling"], "word": "befo'"}, {"word": "b4"}, {"tags": ["Internet"], "word": "be4"}], "translations": [{"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "para"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qabla", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "قَبْلَ"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔabl", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic"], "word": "قبل"}, {"code": "acw", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "gabil", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Hijazi-Arabic"], "word": "قَبل"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qbal", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "قبل"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙaǰ", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "առաջ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "minčʻew", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "մինչեւ"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nãnti"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ninti (roa-rup)"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nãinti"}, {"code": "ask", "lang": "Ashkun", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nustāri"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "qabaq"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "əvvəl"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "irəli"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "elek", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "элек"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "boron", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "борон"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "alda", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "алда"}, {"code": "eu", "lang": "Basque", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "baino lehen"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "da", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "да"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pjérad", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пе́рад"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predi", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "преди"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "abans de"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "abans que"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...yǐqián", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...以前"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...zhīqián", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...之前"}, {"code": "kw", "lang": "Cornish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "kyns"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "aldı"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "aldında"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "před"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "før"}, {"code": "dv", "lang": "Dhivehi", "roman": "is", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "އިސް"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "voordat"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antaŭ"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "aikaisemmin"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "varhemmin"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avant que"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣in", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "წინ"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣inat", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "წინათ"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "-mde", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "-მდე"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "uc̣in", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "უწინ"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "prin", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "πριν"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "pró", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "πρό"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lif'nei", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "לִפְנֵי"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "... se pahle", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "... से पहले"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "előtt"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "áður"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "fyrr"}, {"code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "roimh"}, {"code": "sga", "lang": "Old Irish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ré"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "prima"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "innanzi"}, {"alt": "...のまえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "...no mae ni", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...の前に"}, {"code": "bsh", "lang": "Kamkata-vari", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nūštař"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "kzg", "lang": "Kikai", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ijeone", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "이전에"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "jeone", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "전에"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "xug", "lang": "Kunigami", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "kmr", "lang": "Northern Kurdish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "berî"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["with-accusative"], "word": "ante"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "beför"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "fördem"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "fördęm"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "er"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "qabel"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "mua"}, {"code": "mrw", "lang": "Maranao", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "mona"}, {"code": "mr", "lang": "Marathi", "roman": "...-cyā agodar", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...-च्या अगोदर"}, {"code": "mr", "lang": "Marathi", "roman": "...-cyā ādhī", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...-च्या आधी"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "mvi", "lang": "Miyako", "roman": "mai", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "ömnö", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "өмнө"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Guernsey"], "word": "d'vànt qué"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ryn", "lang": "Northern Amami Ōshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "før"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "innen"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ryu", "lang": "Okinawan", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "cu", "lang": "Church Slavic", "roman": "prědŭ", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "прѣдъ"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ǣr"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "qabl", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "قبل"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "piš az", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "پیش از"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "qabl az", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "قبل از"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "nim"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "înainte"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "anterior"}, {"code": "rm", "lang": "Romansch", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "do", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "до"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "préžde", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пре́жде"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["archaic", "poetic"], "word": "пред"}, {"code": "sco", "lang": "Scots", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "afore"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "prije"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pre"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "прије"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пре"}, {"code": "si", "lang": "Sinhalese", "roman": "issara", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ඉස්සර"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pśed"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ams", "lang": "Southern Amami Ōshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "css", "lang": "Southern Ohlone", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "chien"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antes que"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "kabla ya"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "före"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "innan"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "förut"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundu", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ముందు"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundugāla", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ముందుగాల"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "gɔ̀ɔn", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ก่อน"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "tkn", "lang": "Tokunoshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "önce"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "do", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "до"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "ur", "lang": "Urdu", "roman": "... se pahle", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "... سے پہلے"}, {"code": "vec", "lang": "Venetan", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avanti"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "trước khi"}, {"code": "wbk", "lang": "Waigali", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nūst"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "divant"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "divant ki"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "cyn"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "o flaen"}, {"code": "fy", "lang": "West Frisian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "foar"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "rys", "lang": "Yaeyama", "roman": "mai", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "yoi", "lang": "Yonaguni", "roman": "mai", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "yox", "lang": "Yoron", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "para"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qabla", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "قَبْلَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔamāma", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "أَمَامَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "quddāma", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "قُدَّامَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "bayna yaday", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "بَيْنَ يَدَيْ"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "quddām", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "قدام"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qbāla", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "قبالة"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙǰew", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "առջև"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙǰewum", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "առջևում"}, {"code": "ask", "lang": "Ashkun", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "nustāri"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "note": "when specific object is specified", "roman": "aldında", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "алдында"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "note": "when no specific object is specified", "roman": "alda", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "алда"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pjérad", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пе́рад"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "rag"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "rak"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "davant"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...yǐqián", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "...以前"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...zhīqián", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "...之前"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "před"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "vóór"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "antaŭ"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "edessä"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "devant"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣in", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "წინ"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "got", "lang": "Gothic", "roman": "faur", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "brostá se", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "μπροστά σε"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "brostá apó", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "μπροστά από"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "enṓpion", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "ἐνώπιον"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "émprosthen", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "ἔμπροσθεν"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lifnéi", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "לִפְנֵי"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "előtt"}, {"code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "avan"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "di depan"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ees"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "os comhair"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "os coinne"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "davanti"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "innanzi"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "di fronte"}, {"alt": "...のまえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "...no mae ni", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "...の前に"}, {"code": "bsh", "lang": "Kamkata-vari", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "nūštař"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "kzg", "lang": "Kikai", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ape", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "앞에"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "xug", "lang": "Kunigami", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "pêş", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "پێش"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "prō"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "prae"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "di depan"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munnil", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "മുന്നിൽ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpil", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "മുമ്പിൽ"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "quddiem"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "qabel"}, {"code": "swb", "lang": "Maore Comorian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "mbeli za"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "mua"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "mvi", "lang": "Miyako", "roman": "mai", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Guernsey"], "word": "d'vànt"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Jersey"], "word": "d'vant"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "føre"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "framanfor"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ryu", "lang": "Okinawan", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "cu", "lang": "Church Slavic", "roman": "prědŭ", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "прѣдъ"}, {"code": "pis", "lang": "Pijin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "bifoa"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "em frente a"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "na frente de"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "diante de"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "înainte"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "în față"}, {"code": "rm", "lang": "Romansch", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["archaic", "poetic"], "word": "пред"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pśed"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ams", "lang": "Southern Amami Ōshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "frente a"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "enfrente de"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "mbele ya"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "före"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "inför"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundu", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ముందు"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "edara", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ఎదర"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "tkn", "lang": "Tokunoshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "đằng trước"}, {"code": "wbk", "lang": "Waigali", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "nūst"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "divant"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "o flaen"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "yng ngŵydd"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "rys", "lang": "Yaeyama", "roman": "mai", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "yoi", "lang": "Yonaguni", "roman": "mai", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "yox", "lang": "Yoron", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in the presence of", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in the presence of", "word": "os coinne"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in the presence of", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ape", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "앞에"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "för"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "faoi bhráid"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "os comhair"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qabla", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "قَبْلَ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙaǰ", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "առաջ"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "qabaq"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "ala", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ала"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "abans"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...yǐqián", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "...以前"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...zhīqián", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "...之前"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "před"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "før"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "inden"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "-mde", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "-მდე"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lif'nei", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "לִפְנֵי"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "roimh"}, {"alt": "...のまえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "...no mae ni", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "...の前に"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ape", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "앞에"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "pêş", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "پێش"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "för"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "pśed"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "före"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundu", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ముందు"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "đằng trước"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "o flaen"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "vóór"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "antaŭ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "før"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "nad"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "awali"}], "word": "before"}
before (prep) before/English/prep: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English adverbs", "English conjunctions", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English prepositions", "English sequence adverbs", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English uncomparable adverbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Requests for native script for Manchu terms", "Requests for review of Breton translations", "Requests for review of Ido translations", "Requests for review of Indonesian translations", "Requests for review of Interlingua translations", "Requests for review of Irish translations", "Requests for review of Manchu translations", "Requests for review of Old English translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)/2 syllables", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Ashkun translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dhivehi translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hausa translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ingrian translations", "Terms with Ingush translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kamkata-viri translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Kikai translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kunigami translations", "Terms with Ladin translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Low German translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Manchu translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maore Comorian translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Maranao translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Miyako translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Northern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Okinawan translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Old Irish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Pijin translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Southern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Southern Ohlone translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tokunoshima translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Waigali translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Yaeyama translations", "Terms with Yonaguni translations", "Terms with Yoron translations", "en:Time"], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "Inherited"}, "expansion": "Inherited", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore", "4": "", "5": "", "g": "", "g2": "", "g3": "", "id": "", "lit": "", "nocat": "", "pos": "", "sc": "", "sort": "", "tr": "", "ts": ""}, "expansion": "Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore"}, "expansion": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh+"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "beforan"}, "expansion": "Old English beforan", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*furai"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *furai", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*per-", "4": "", "5": "front"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "befoar", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds-de", "2": "bevör", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German Low German bevör (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "bevor", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German bevor (“before”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore, from Old English beforan, from be- + foran (“before”), from fore, from Proto-Germanic *furai, from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”), German Low German bevör (“before”), German bevor (“before”).", "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "prepositions", "head": ""}, "expansion": "before", "name": "head"}, {"args": {}, "expansion": "before", "name": "en-prep"}], "hyphenation": ["be‧fore"], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "prep", "senses": [{"antonyms": [{"word": "after"}, {"word": "later than"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "I want this done before Monday.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter V, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:", "text": "We made an odd party before the arrival of the Ten, particularly when the Celebrity dropped in for lunch or dinner.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Earlier than (in time)."], "synonyms": [{"word": "by"}, {"word": "no later than"}, {"word": "previous to"}, {"word": "prior to"}, {"word": "ere"}]}, {"antonyms": [{"word": "behind"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "He stood before me.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "We sat before the fire to warm ourselves.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book XII”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:", "text": "His angel, who shall go / Before them in a cloud and pillar of fire.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1909, Archibald Marshall [pseudonym; Arthur Hammond Marshall], chapter I, in The Squire’s Daughter, New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead and Company, published 1919, →OCLC:", "text": "He tried to persuade Cicely to stay away from the ball-room for a fourth dance.[…]But she said she must go back, and when they joined the crowd again[…]she found her mother standing up before the seat on which she had sat all the evening searching anxiously for her with her eyes, and her father by her side.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2013 September-October, Henry Petroski, “The Evolution of Eyeglasses”, in American Scientist:", "text": "The ability of a segment of a glass sphere to magnify whatever is placed before it was known around the year 1000, when the spherical segment was called a reading stone, essentially what today we might term a frameless magnifying glass or plain glass paperweight.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["In front of in space."], "synonyms": [{"word": "ahead of"}, {"word": "in front of"}]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "He performed before the troops in North Africa.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "He spoke before a joint session of Congress.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["In the presence of."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "The case laid before the panel aroused nothing but ridicule.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1726, John Ayliffe, Parergon Juris Canonici Anglicani:", "text": "If a suit be begun before an archdeacon[…]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Under consideration, judgment, authority of (someone)."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "Your whole life is before you.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1831, Thomas Carlyle, “The Phœnix”, in Sartor Resartus: The Life and Opinions of Herr Teufelsdröckh. […], London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC, 3rd book, page 164:", "text": "The golden age[…]is before us.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1905, Lord Dunsany [i.e., Edward Plunkett, 18th Baron of Dunsany], The Gods of Pegāna, London: [Charles] Elkin Mathews, […], →OCLC, page 76:", "text": "There is an Eternity behind thee as well as one before. Hast thou bewailed the aeons that passed without thee, who art so much afraid of the aeons that shall pass?", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["In store for, in the future of (someone)."]}, {"antonyms": [{"word": "after"}], "categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "In alphabetical order, \"cat\" comes before \"dog\", \"canine\" before feline\".", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["In front of, according to a formal system of ordering items."], "synonyms": [{"word": "ahead of"}]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "An entrepreneur puts market share and profit before quality, and amateur intrinsic qualities before economical considerations.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, John 1:15:", "text": "He that cometh after me is preferred before me.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["At a higher or greater position than, in a ranking."]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "bĭfôʹ", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfɔː/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "bəfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bēfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bəˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/biˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfōrʹ", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfo(ː)ɹ/", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoə/", "note": "non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"audio": "en-us-before.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg/En-us-before.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɔː(ɹ)"}], "synonyms": [{"word": "befo"}, {"english": "African-American Vernacular", "tags": ["pronunciation-spelling"], "word": "befo'"}, {"word": "b4"}, {"tags": ["Internet"], "word": "be4"}], "translations": [{"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "para"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qabla", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "قَبْلَ"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔabl", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic"], "word": "قبل"}, {"code": "acw", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "gabil", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Hijazi-Arabic"], "word": "قَبل"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qbal", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "قبل"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙaǰ", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "առաջ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "minčʻew", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "մինչեւ"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nãnti"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ninti (roa-rup)"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nãinti"}, {"code": "ask", "lang": "Ashkun", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nustāri"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "qabaq"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "əvvəl"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "irəli"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "elek", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "элек"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "boron", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "борон"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "alda", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "алда"}, {"code": "eu", "lang": "Basque", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "baino lehen"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "da", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "да"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pjérad", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пе́рад"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predi", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "преди"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "abans de"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "abans que"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...yǐqián", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...以前"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...zhīqián", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...之前"}, {"code": "kw", "lang": "Cornish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "kyns"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "aldı"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "aldında"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "před"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "før"}, {"code": "dv", "lang": "Dhivehi", "roman": "is", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "އިސް"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "voordat"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antaŭ"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "aikaisemmin"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "varhemmin"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avant que"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣in", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "წინ"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣inat", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "წინათ"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "-mde", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "-მდე"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "uc̣in", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "უწინ"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "prin", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "πριν"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "pró", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "πρό"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lif'nei", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "לִפְנֵי"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "... se pahle", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "... से पहले"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "előtt"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "áður"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "fyrr"}, {"code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "roimh"}, {"code": "sga", "lang": "Old Irish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ré"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "prima"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "innanzi"}, {"alt": "...のまえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "...no mae ni", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...の前に"}, {"code": "bsh", "lang": "Kamkata-vari", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nūštař"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "kzg", "lang": "Kikai", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ijeone", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "이전에"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "jeone", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "전에"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "xug", "lang": "Kunigami", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "kmr", "lang": "Northern Kurdish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "berî"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["with-accusative"], "word": "ante"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "beför"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "fördem"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "fördęm"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "er"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "qabel"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "mua"}, {"code": "mrw", "lang": "Maranao", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "mona"}, {"code": "mr", "lang": "Marathi", "roman": "...-cyā agodar", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...-च्या अगोदर"}, {"code": "mr", "lang": "Marathi", "roman": "...-cyā ādhī", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...-च्या आधी"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "mvi", "lang": "Miyako", "roman": "mai", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "ömnö", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "өмнө"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Guernsey"], "word": "d'vànt qué"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ryn", "lang": "Northern Amami Ōshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "før"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "innen"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ryu", "lang": "Okinawan", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "cu", "lang": "Church Slavic", "roman": "prědŭ", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "прѣдъ"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ǣr"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "qabl", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "قبل"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "piš az", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "پیش از"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "qabl az", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "قبل از"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "nim"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "înainte"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "anterior"}, {"code": "rm", "lang": "Romansch", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "do", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "до"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "préžde", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пре́жде"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["archaic", "poetic"], "word": "пред"}, {"code": "sco", "lang": "Scots", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "afore"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "prije"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pre"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "прије"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пре"}, {"code": "si", "lang": "Sinhalese", "roman": "issara", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ඉස්සර"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pśed"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ams", "lang": "Southern Amami Ōshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "css", "lang": "Southern Ohlone", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "chien"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antes que"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "kabla ya"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "före"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "innan"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "förut"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundu", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ముందు"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundugāla", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ముందుగాల"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "gɔ̀ɔn", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ก่อน"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "tkn", "lang": "Tokunoshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "önce"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "do", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "до"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "ur", "lang": "Urdu", "roman": "... se pahle", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "... سے پہلے"}, {"code": "vec", "lang": "Venetan", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avanti"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "trước khi"}, {"code": "wbk", "lang": "Waigali", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nūst"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "divant"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "divant ki"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "cyn"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "o flaen"}, {"code": "fy", "lang": "West Frisian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "foar"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "rys", "lang": "Yaeyama", "roman": "mai", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "yoi", "lang": "Yonaguni", "roman": "mai", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "yox", "lang": "Yoron", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "para"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qabla", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "قَبْلَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔamāma", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "أَمَامَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "quddāma", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "قُدَّامَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "bayna yaday", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "بَيْنَ يَدَيْ"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "quddām", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "قدام"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qbāla", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "قبالة"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙǰew", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "առջև"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙǰewum", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "առջևում"}, {"code": "ask", "lang": "Ashkun", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "nustāri"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "note": "when specific object is specified", "roman": "aldında", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "алдында"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "note": "when no specific object is specified", "roman": "alda", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "алда"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pjérad", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пе́рад"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "rag"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "rak"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "davant"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...yǐqián", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "...以前"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...zhīqián", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "...之前"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "před"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "vóór"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "antaŭ"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "edessä"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "devant"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣in", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "წინ"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "got", "lang": "Gothic", "roman": "faur", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "brostá se", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "μπροστά σε"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "brostá apó", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "μπροστά από"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "enṓpion", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "ἐνώπιον"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "émprosthen", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "ἔμπροσθεν"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lifnéi", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "לִפְנֵי"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "előtt"}, {"code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "avan"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "di depan"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ees"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "os comhair"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "os coinne"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "davanti"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "innanzi"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "di fronte"}, {"alt": "...のまえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "...no mae ni", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "...の前に"}, {"code": "bsh", "lang": "Kamkata-vari", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "nūštař"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "kzg", "lang": "Kikai", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ape", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "앞에"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "xug", "lang": "Kunigami", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "pêş", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "پێش"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "prō"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "prae"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "di depan"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munnil", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "മുന്നിൽ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpil", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "മുമ്പിൽ"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "quddiem"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "qabel"}, {"code": "swb", "lang": "Maore Comorian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "mbeli za"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "mua"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "mvi", "lang": "Miyako", "roman": "mai", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Guernsey"], "word": "d'vànt"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Jersey"], "word": "d'vant"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "føre"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "framanfor"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ryu", "lang": "Okinawan", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "cu", "lang": "Church Slavic", "roman": "prědŭ", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "прѣдъ"}, {"code": "pis", "lang": "Pijin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "bifoa"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "em frente a"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "na frente de"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "diante de"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "înainte"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "în față"}, {"code": "rm", "lang": "Romansch", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["archaic", "poetic"], "word": "пред"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pśed"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ams", "lang": "Southern Amami Ōshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "frente a"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "enfrente de"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "mbele ya"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "före"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "inför"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundu", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ముందు"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "edara", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ఎదర"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "tkn", "lang": "Tokunoshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "đằng trước"}, {"code": "wbk", "lang": "Waigali", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "nūst"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "divant"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "o flaen"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "yng ngŵydd"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "rys", "lang": "Yaeyama", "roman": "mai", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "yoi", "lang": "Yonaguni", "roman": "mai", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "yox", "lang": "Yoron", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in the presence of", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in the presence of", "word": "os coinne"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in the presence of", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ape", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "앞에"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "för"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "faoi bhráid"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "os comhair"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qabla", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "قَبْلَ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙaǰ", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "առաջ"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "qabaq"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "ala", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ала"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "abans"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...yǐqián", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "...以前"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...zhīqián", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "...之前"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "před"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "før"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "inden"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "-mde", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "-მდე"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lif'nei", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "לִפְנֵי"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "roimh"}, {"alt": "...のまえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "...no mae ni", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "...の前に"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ape", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "앞에"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "pêş", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "پێش"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "för"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "pśed"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "före"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundu", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ముందు"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "đằng trước"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "o flaen"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "vóór"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "antaŭ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "før"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "nad"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "awali"}], "word": "before"}
before (prep) before/English/prep: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English adverbs", "English conjunctions", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English prepositions", "English sequence adverbs", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English uncomparable adverbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Requests for native script for Manchu terms", "Requests for review of Breton translations", "Requests for review of Ido translations", "Requests for review of Indonesian translations", "Requests for review of Interlingua translations", "Requests for review of Irish translations", "Requests for review of Manchu translations", "Requests for review of Old English translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)/2 syllables", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Ashkun translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dhivehi translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hausa translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ingrian translations", "Terms with Ingush translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kamkata-viri translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Kikai translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kunigami translations", "Terms with Ladin translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Low German translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Manchu translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maore Comorian translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Maranao translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Miyako translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Northern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Okinawan translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Old Irish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Pijin translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Southern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Southern Ohlone translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tokunoshima translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Waigali translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Yaeyama translations", "Terms with Yonaguni translations", "Terms with Yoron translations", "en:Time"], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "Inherited"}, "expansion": "Inherited", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore", "4": "", "5": "", "g": "", "g2": "", "g3": "", "id": "", "lit": "", "nocat": "", "pos": "", "sc": "", "sort": "", "tr": "", "ts": ""}, "expansion": "Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore"}, "expansion": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh+"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "beforan"}, "expansion": "Old English beforan", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*furai"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *furai", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*per-", "4": "", "5": "front"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "befoar", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds-de", "2": "bevör", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German Low German bevör (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "bevor", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German bevor (“before”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore, from Old English beforan, from be- + foran (“before”), from fore, from Proto-Germanic *furai, from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”), German Low German bevör (“before”), German bevor (“before”).", "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "prepositions", "head": ""}, "expansion": "before", "name": "head"}, {"args": {}, "expansion": "before", "name": "en-prep"}], "hyphenation": ["be‧fore"], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "prep", "senses": [{"antonyms": [{"word": "after"}, {"word": "later than"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "I want this done before Monday.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter V, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:", "text": "We made an odd party before the arrival of the Ten, particularly when the Celebrity dropped in for lunch or dinner.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Earlier than (in time)."], "synonyms": [{"word": "by"}, {"word": "no later than"}, {"word": "previous to"}, {"word": "prior to"}, {"word": "ere"}]}, {"antonyms": [{"word": "behind"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "He stood before me.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "We sat before the fire to warm ourselves.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book XII”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:", "text": "His angel, who shall go / Before them in a cloud and pillar of fire.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1909, Archibald Marshall [pseudonym; Arthur Hammond Marshall], chapter I, in The Squire’s Daughter, New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead and Company, published 1919, →OCLC:", "text": "He tried to persuade Cicely to stay away from the ball-room for a fourth dance.[…]But she said she must go back, and when they joined the crowd again[…]she found her mother standing up before the seat on which she had sat all the evening searching anxiously for her with her eyes, and her father by her side.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2013 September-October, Henry Petroski, “The Evolution of Eyeglasses”, in American Scientist:", "text": "The ability of a segment of a glass sphere to magnify whatever is placed before it was known around the year 1000, when the spherical segment was called a reading stone, essentially what today we might term a frameless magnifying glass or plain glass paperweight.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["In front of in space."], "synonyms": [{"word": "ahead of"}, {"word": "in front of"}]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "He performed before the troops in North Africa.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "He spoke before a joint session of Congress.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["In the presence of."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "The case laid before the panel aroused nothing but ridicule.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1726, John Ayliffe, Parergon Juris Canonici Anglicani:", "text": "If a suit be begun before an archdeacon[…]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Under consideration, judgment, authority of (someone)."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "Your whole life is before you.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1831, Thomas Carlyle, “The Phœnix”, in Sartor Resartus: The Life and Opinions of Herr Teufelsdröckh. […], London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC, 3rd book, page 164:", "text": "The golden age[…]is before us.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1905, Lord Dunsany [i.e., Edward Plunkett, 18th Baron of Dunsany], The Gods of Pegāna, London: [Charles] Elkin Mathews, […], →OCLC, page 76:", "text": "There is an Eternity behind thee as well as one before. Hast thou bewailed the aeons that passed without thee, who art so much afraid of the aeons that shall pass?", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["In store for, in the future of (someone)."]}, {"antonyms": [{"word": "after"}], "categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "In alphabetical order, \"cat\" comes before \"dog\", \"canine\" before feline\".", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["In front of, according to a formal system of ordering items."], "synonyms": [{"word": "ahead of"}]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "An entrepreneur puts market share and profit before quality, and amateur intrinsic qualities before economical considerations.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, John 1:15:", "text": "He that cometh after me is preferred before me.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["At a higher or greater position than, in a ranking."]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "bĭfôʹ", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfɔː/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "bəfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bēfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bəˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/biˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfōrʹ", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfo(ː)ɹ/", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoə/", "note": "non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"audio": "en-us-before.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg/En-us-before.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɔː(ɹ)"}], "synonyms": [{"word": "befo"}, {"english": "African-American Vernacular", "tags": ["pronunciation-spelling"], "word": "befo'"}, {"word": "b4"}, {"tags": ["Internet"], "word": "be4"}], "translations": [{"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "para"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qabla", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "قَبْلَ"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔabl", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic"], "word": "قبل"}, {"code": "acw", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "gabil", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Hijazi-Arabic"], "word": "قَبل"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qbal", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "قبل"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙaǰ", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "առաջ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "minčʻew", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "մինչեւ"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nãnti"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ninti (roa-rup)"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nãinti"}, {"code": "ask", "lang": "Ashkun", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nustāri"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "qabaq"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "əvvəl"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "irəli"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "elek", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "элек"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "boron", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "борон"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "alda", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "алда"}, {"code": "eu", "lang": "Basque", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "baino lehen"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "da", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "да"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pjérad", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пе́рад"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predi", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "преди"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "abans de"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "abans que"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...yǐqián", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...以前"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...zhīqián", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...之前"}, {"code": "kw", "lang": "Cornish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "kyns"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "aldı"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "aldında"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "před"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "før"}, {"code": "dv", "lang": "Dhivehi", "roman": "is", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "އިސް"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "voordat"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antaŭ"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "aikaisemmin"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "varhemmin"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avant que"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣in", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "წინ"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣inat", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "წინათ"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "-mde", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "-მდე"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "uc̣in", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "უწინ"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "prin", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "πριν"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "pró", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "πρό"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lif'nei", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "לִפְנֵי"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "... se pahle", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "... से पहले"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "előtt"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "áður"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "fyrr"}, {"code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "roimh"}, {"code": "sga", "lang": "Old Irish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ré"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "prima"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "innanzi"}, {"alt": "...のまえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "...no mae ni", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...の前に"}, {"code": "bsh", "lang": "Kamkata-vari", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nūštař"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "kzg", "lang": "Kikai", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ijeone", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "이전에"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "jeone", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "전에"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "xug", "lang": "Kunigami", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "kmr", "lang": "Northern Kurdish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "berî"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["with-accusative"], "word": "ante"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "beför"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "fördem"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "fördęm"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "er"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "qabel"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "mua"}, {"code": "mrw", "lang": "Maranao", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "mona"}, {"code": "mr", "lang": "Marathi", "roman": "...-cyā agodar", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...-च्या अगोदर"}, {"code": "mr", "lang": "Marathi", "roman": "...-cyā ādhī", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...-च्या आधी"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "mvi", "lang": "Miyako", "roman": "mai", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "ömnö", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "өмнө"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Guernsey"], "word": "d'vànt qué"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ryn", "lang": "Northern Amami Ōshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "før"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "innen"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ryu", "lang": "Okinawan", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "cu", "lang": "Church Slavic", "roman": "prědŭ", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "прѣдъ"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ǣr"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "qabl", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "قبل"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "piš az", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "پیش از"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "qabl az", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "قبل از"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "nim"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "înainte"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "anterior"}, {"code": "rm", "lang": "Romansch", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "do", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "до"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "préžde", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пре́жде"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["archaic", "poetic"], "word": "пред"}, {"code": "sco", "lang": "Scots", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "afore"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "prije"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pre"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "прије"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пре"}, {"code": "si", "lang": "Sinhalese", "roman": "issara", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ඉස්සර"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pśed"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ams", "lang": "Southern Amami Ōshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "css", "lang": "Southern Ohlone", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "chien"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antes que"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "kabla ya"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "före"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "innan"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "förut"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundu", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ముందు"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundugāla", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ముందుగాల"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "gɔ̀ɔn", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ก่อน"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "tkn", "lang": "Tokunoshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "önce"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "do", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "до"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "ur", "lang": "Urdu", "roman": "... se pahle", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "... سے پہلے"}, {"code": "vec", "lang": "Venetan", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avanti"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "trước khi"}, {"code": "wbk", "lang": "Waigali", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nūst"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "divant"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "divant ki"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "cyn"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "o flaen"}, {"code": "fy", "lang": "West Frisian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "foar"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "rys", "lang": "Yaeyama", "roman": "mai", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "yoi", "lang": "Yonaguni", "roman": "mai", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "yox", "lang": "Yoron", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "para"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qabla", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "قَبْلَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔamāma", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "أَمَامَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "quddāma", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "قُدَّامَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "bayna yaday", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "بَيْنَ يَدَيْ"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "quddām", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "قدام"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qbāla", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "قبالة"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙǰew", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "առջև"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙǰewum", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "առջևում"}, {"code": "ask", "lang": "Ashkun", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "nustāri"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "note": "when specific object is specified", "roman": "aldında", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "алдында"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "note": "when no specific object is specified", "roman": "alda", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "алда"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pjérad", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пе́рад"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "rag"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "rak"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "davant"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...yǐqián", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "...以前"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...zhīqián", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "...之前"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "před"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "vóór"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "antaŭ"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "edessä"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "devant"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣in", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "წინ"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "got", "lang": "Gothic", "roman": "faur", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "brostá se", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "μπροστά σε"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "brostá apó", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "μπροστά από"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "enṓpion", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "ἐνώπιον"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "émprosthen", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "ἔμπροσθεν"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lifnéi", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "לִפְנֵי"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "előtt"}, {"code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "avan"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "di depan"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ees"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "os comhair"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "os coinne"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "davanti"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "innanzi"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "di fronte"}, {"alt": "...のまえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "...no mae ni", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "...の前に"}, {"code": "bsh", "lang": "Kamkata-vari", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "nūštař"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "kzg", "lang": "Kikai", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ape", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "앞에"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "xug", "lang": "Kunigami", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "pêş", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "پێش"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "prō"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "prae"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "di depan"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munnil", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "മുന്നിൽ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpil", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "മുമ്പിൽ"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "quddiem"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "qabel"}, {"code": "swb", "lang": "Maore Comorian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "mbeli za"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "mua"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "mvi", "lang": "Miyako", "roman": "mai", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Guernsey"], "word": "d'vànt"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Jersey"], "word": "d'vant"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "føre"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "framanfor"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ryu", "lang": "Okinawan", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "cu", "lang": "Church Slavic", "roman": "prědŭ", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "прѣдъ"}, {"code": "pis", "lang": "Pijin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "bifoa"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "em frente a"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "na frente de"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "diante de"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "înainte"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "în față"}, {"code": "rm", "lang": "Romansch", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["archaic", "poetic"], "word": "пред"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pśed"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ams", "lang": "Southern Amami Ōshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "frente a"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "enfrente de"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "mbele ya"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "före"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "inför"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundu", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ముందు"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "edara", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ఎదర"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "tkn", "lang": "Tokunoshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "đằng trước"}, {"code": "wbk", "lang": "Waigali", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "nūst"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "divant"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "o flaen"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "yng ngŵydd"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "rys", "lang": "Yaeyama", "roman": "mai", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "yoi", "lang": "Yonaguni", "roman": "mai", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "yox", "lang": "Yoron", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in the presence of", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in the presence of", "word": "os coinne"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in the presence of", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ape", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "앞에"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "för"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "faoi bhráid"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "os comhair"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qabla", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "قَبْلَ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙaǰ", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "առաջ"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "qabaq"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "ala", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ала"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "abans"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...yǐqián", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "...以前"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...zhīqián", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "...之前"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "před"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "før"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "inden"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "-mde", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "-მდე"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lif'nei", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "לִפְנֵי"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "roimh"}, {"alt": "...のまえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "...no mae ni", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "...の前に"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ape", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "앞에"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "pêş", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "پێش"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "för"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "pśed"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "före"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundu", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ముందు"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "đằng trước"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "o flaen"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "vóór"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "antaŭ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "før"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "nad"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "awali"}], "word": "before"}
before (prep) before/English/prep: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English adverbs", "English conjunctions", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English prepositions", "English sequence adverbs", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English uncomparable adverbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Requests for native script for Manchu terms", "Requests for review of Breton translations", "Requests for review of Ido translations", "Requests for review of Indonesian translations", "Requests for review of Interlingua translations", "Requests for review of Irish translations", "Requests for review of Manchu translations", "Requests for review of Old English translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)/2 syllables", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Ashkun translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dhivehi translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hausa translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ingrian translations", "Terms with Ingush translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kamkata-viri translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Kikai translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kunigami translations", "Terms with Ladin translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Low German translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Manchu translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maore Comorian translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Maranao translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Miyako translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Northern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Okinawan translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Old Irish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Pijin translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Southern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Southern Ohlone translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tokunoshima translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Waigali translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Yaeyama translations", "Terms with Yonaguni translations", "Terms with Yoron translations", "en:Time"], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "Inherited"}, "expansion": "Inherited", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore", "4": "", "5": "", "g": "", "g2": "", "g3": "", "id": "", "lit": "", "nocat": "", "pos": "", "sc": "", "sort": "", "tr": "", "ts": ""}, "expansion": "Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore"}, "expansion": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh+"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "beforan"}, "expansion": "Old English beforan", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*furai"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *furai", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*per-", "4": "", "5": "front"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "befoar", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds-de", "2": "bevör", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German Low German bevör (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "bevor", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German bevor (“before”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore, from Old English beforan, from be- + foran (“before”), from fore, from Proto-Germanic *furai, from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”), German Low German bevör (“before”), German bevor (“before”).", "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "prepositions", "head": ""}, "expansion": "before", "name": "head"}, {"args": {}, "expansion": "before", "name": "en-prep"}], "hyphenation": ["be‧fore"], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "prep", "senses": [{"antonyms": [{"word": "after"}, {"word": "later than"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "I want this done before Monday.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter V, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:", "text": "We made an odd party before the arrival of the Ten, particularly when the Celebrity dropped in for lunch or dinner.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Earlier than (in time)."], "synonyms": [{"word": "by"}, {"word": "no later than"}, {"word": "previous to"}, {"word": "prior to"}, {"word": "ere"}]}, {"antonyms": [{"word": "behind"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "He stood before me.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "We sat before the fire to warm ourselves.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book XII”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:", "text": "His angel, who shall go / Before them in a cloud and pillar of fire.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1909, Archibald Marshall [pseudonym; Arthur Hammond Marshall], chapter I, in The Squire’s Daughter, New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead and Company, published 1919, →OCLC:", "text": "He tried to persuade Cicely to stay away from the ball-room for a fourth dance.[…]But she said she must go back, and when they joined the crowd again[…]she found her mother standing up before the seat on which she had sat all the evening searching anxiously for her with her eyes, and her father by her side.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2013 September-October, Henry Petroski, “The Evolution of Eyeglasses”, in American Scientist:", "text": "The ability of a segment of a glass sphere to magnify whatever is placed before it was known around the year 1000, when the spherical segment was called a reading stone, essentially what today we might term a frameless magnifying glass or plain glass paperweight.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["In front of in space."], "synonyms": [{"word": "ahead of"}, {"word": "in front of"}]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "He performed before the troops in North Africa.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "He spoke before a joint session of Congress.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["In the presence of."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "The case laid before the panel aroused nothing but ridicule.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1726, John Ayliffe, Parergon Juris Canonici Anglicani:", "text": "If a suit be begun before an archdeacon[…]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Under consideration, judgment, authority of (someone)."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "Your whole life is before you.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1831, Thomas Carlyle, “The Phœnix”, in Sartor Resartus: The Life and Opinions of Herr Teufelsdröckh. […], London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC, 3rd book, page 164:", "text": "The golden age[…]is before us.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1905, Lord Dunsany [i.e., Edward Plunkett, 18th Baron of Dunsany], The Gods of Pegāna, London: [Charles] Elkin Mathews, […], →OCLC, page 76:", "text": "There is an Eternity behind thee as well as one before. Hast thou bewailed the aeons that passed without thee, who art so much afraid of the aeons that shall pass?", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["In store for, in the future of (someone)."]}, {"antonyms": [{"word": "after"}], "categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "In alphabetical order, \"cat\" comes before \"dog\", \"canine\" before feline\".", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["In front of, according to a formal system of ordering items."], "synonyms": [{"word": "ahead of"}]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "An entrepreneur puts market share and profit before quality, and amateur intrinsic qualities before economical considerations.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, John 1:15:", "text": "He that cometh after me is preferred before me.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["At a higher or greater position than, in a ranking."]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "bĭfôʹ", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfɔː/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "bəfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bēfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bəˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/biˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfōrʹ", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfo(ː)ɹ/", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoə/", "note": "non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"audio": "en-us-before.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg/En-us-before.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɔː(ɹ)"}], "synonyms": [{"word": "befo"}, {"english": "African-American Vernacular", "tags": ["pronunciation-spelling"], "word": "befo'"}, {"word": "b4"}, {"tags": ["Internet"], "word": "be4"}], "translations": [{"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "para"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qabla", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "قَبْلَ"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔabl", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic"], "word": "قبل"}, {"code": "acw", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "gabil", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Hijazi-Arabic"], "word": "قَبل"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qbal", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "قبل"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙaǰ", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "առաջ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "minčʻew", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "մինչեւ"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nãnti"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ninti (roa-rup)"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nãinti"}, {"code": "ask", "lang": "Ashkun", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nustāri"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "qabaq"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "əvvəl"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "irəli"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "elek", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "элек"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "boron", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "борон"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "alda", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "алда"}, {"code": "eu", "lang": "Basque", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "baino lehen"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "da", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "да"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pjérad", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пе́рад"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predi", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "преди"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "abans de"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "abans que"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...yǐqián", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...以前"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...zhīqián", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...之前"}, {"code": "kw", "lang": "Cornish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "kyns"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "aldı"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "aldında"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "před"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "før"}, {"code": "dv", "lang": "Dhivehi", "roman": "is", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "އިސް"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "voordat"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antaŭ"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "aikaisemmin"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "varhemmin"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avant que"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣in", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "წინ"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣inat", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "წინათ"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "-mde", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "-მდე"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "uc̣in", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "უწინ"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "prin", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "πριν"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "pró", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "πρό"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lif'nei", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "לִפְנֵי"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "... se pahle", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "... से पहले"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "előtt"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "áður"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "fyrr"}, {"code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "roimh"}, {"code": "sga", "lang": "Old Irish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ré"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "prima"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "innanzi"}, {"alt": "...のまえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "...no mae ni", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...の前に"}, {"code": "bsh", "lang": "Kamkata-vari", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nūštař"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "kzg", "lang": "Kikai", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ijeone", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "이전에"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "jeone", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "전에"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "xug", "lang": "Kunigami", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "kmr", "lang": "Northern Kurdish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "berî"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["with-accusative"], "word": "ante"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "beför"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "fördem"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "fördęm"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "er"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "qabel"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "mua"}, {"code": "mrw", "lang": "Maranao", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "mona"}, {"code": "mr", "lang": "Marathi", "roman": "...-cyā agodar", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...-च्या अगोदर"}, {"code": "mr", "lang": "Marathi", "roman": "...-cyā ādhī", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...-च्या आधी"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "mvi", "lang": "Miyako", "roman": "mai", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "ömnö", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "өмнө"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Guernsey"], "word": "d'vànt qué"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ryn", "lang": "Northern Amami Ōshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "før"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "innen"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ryu", "lang": "Okinawan", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "cu", "lang": "Church Slavic", "roman": "prědŭ", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "прѣдъ"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ǣr"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "qabl", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "قبل"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "piš az", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "پیش از"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "qabl az", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "قبل از"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "nim"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "înainte"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "anterior"}, {"code": "rm", "lang": "Romansch", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "do", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "до"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "préžde", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пре́жде"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["archaic", "poetic"], "word": "пред"}, {"code": "sco", "lang": "Scots", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "afore"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "prije"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pre"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "прије"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пре"}, {"code": "si", "lang": "Sinhalese", "roman": "issara", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ඉස්සර"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pśed"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ams", "lang": "Southern Amami Ōshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "css", "lang": "Southern Ohlone", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "chien"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antes que"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "kabla ya"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "före"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "innan"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "förut"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundu", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ముందు"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundugāla", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ముందుగాల"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "gɔ̀ɔn", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ก่อน"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "tkn", "lang": "Tokunoshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "önce"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "do", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "до"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "ur", "lang": "Urdu", "roman": "... se pahle", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "... سے پہلے"}, {"code": "vec", "lang": "Venetan", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avanti"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "trước khi"}, {"code": "wbk", "lang": "Waigali", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nūst"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "divant"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "divant ki"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "cyn"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "o flaen"}, {"code": "fy", "lang": "West Frisian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "foar"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "rys", "lang": "Yaeyama", "roman": "mai", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "yoi", "lang": "Yonaguni", "roman": "mai", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "yox", "lang": "Yoron", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "para"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qabla", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "قَبْلَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔamāma", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "أَمَامَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "quddāma", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "قُدَّامَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "bayna yaday", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "بَيْنَ يَدَيْ"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "quddām", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "قدام"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qbāla", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "قبالة"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙǰew", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "առջև"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙǰewum", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "առջևում"}, {"code": "ask", "lang": "Ashkun", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "nustāri"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "note": "when specific object is specified", "roman": "aldında", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "алдында"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "note": "when no specific object is specified", "roman": "alda", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "алда"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pjérad", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пе́рад"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "rag"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "rak"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "davant"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...yǐqián", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "...以前"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...zhīqián", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "...之前"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "před"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "vóór"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "antaŭ"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "edessä"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "devant"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣in", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "წინ"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "got", "lang": "Gothic", "roman": "faur", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "brostá se", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "μπροστά σε"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "brostá apó", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "μπροστά από"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "enṓpion", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "ἐνώπιον"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "émprosthen", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "ἔμπροσθεν"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lifnéi", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "לִפְנֵי"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "előtt"}, {"code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "avan"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "di depan"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ees"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "os comhair"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "os coinne"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "davanti"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "innanzi"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "di fronte"}, {"alt": "...のまえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "...no mae ni", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "...の前に"}, {"code": "bsh", "lang": "Kamkata-vari", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "nūštař"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "kzg", "lang": "Kikai", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ape", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "앞에"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "xug", "lang": "Kunigami", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "pêş", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "پێش"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "prō"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "prae"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "di depan"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munnil", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "മുന്നിൽ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpil", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "മുമ്പിൽ"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "quddiem"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "qabel"}, {"code": "swb", "lang": "Maore Comorian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "mbeli za"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "mua"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "mvi", "lang": "Miyako", "roman": "mai", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Guernsey"], "word": "d'vànt"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Jersey"], "word": "d'vant"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "føre"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "framanfor"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ryu", "lang": "Okinawan", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "cu", "lang": "Church Slavic", "roman": "prědŭ", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "прѣдъ"}, {"code": "pis", "lang": "Pijin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "bifoa"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "em frente a"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "na frente de"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "diante de"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "înainte"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "în față"}, {"code": "rm", "lang": "Romansch", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["archaic", "poetic"], "word": "пред"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pśed"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ams", "lang": "Southern Amami Ōshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "frente a"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "enfrente de"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "mbele ya"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "före"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "inför"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundu", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ముందు"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "edara", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ఎదర"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "tkn", "lang": "Tokunoshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "đằng trước"}, {"code": "wbk", "lang": "Waigali", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "nūst"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "divant"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "o flaen"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "yng ngŵydd"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "rys", "lang": "Yaeyama", "roman": "mai", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "yoi", "lang": "Yonaguni", "roman": "mai", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "yox", "lang": "Yoron", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in the presence of", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in the presence of", "word": "os coinne"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in the presence of", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ape", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "앞에"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "för"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "faoi bhráid"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "os comhair"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qabla", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "قَبْلَ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙaǰ", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "առաջ"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "qabaq"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "ala", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ала"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "abans"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...yǐqián", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "...以前"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...zhīqián", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "...之前"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "před"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "før"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "inden"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "-mde", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "-მდე"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lif'nei", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "לִפְנֵי"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "roimh"}, {"alt": "...のまえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "...no mae ni", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "...の前に"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ape", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "앞에"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "pêş", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "پێش"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "för"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "pśed"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "före"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundu", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ముందు"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "đằng trước"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "o flaen"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "vóór"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "antaŭ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "før"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "nad"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "awali"}], "word": "before"}
before (prep) before/English/prep: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English adverbs", "English conjunctions", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English prepositions", "English sequence adverbs", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English uncomparable adverbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Requests for native script for Manchu terms", "Requests for review of Breton translations", "Requests for review of Ido translations", "Requests for review of Indonesian translations", "Requests for review of Interlingua translations", "Requests for review of Irish translations", "Requests for review of Manchu translations", "Requests for review of Old English translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)/2 syllables", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Ashkun translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dhivehi translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hausa translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ingrian translations", "Terms with Ingush translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kamkata-viri translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Kikai translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kunigami translations", "Terms with Ladin translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Low German translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Manchu translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maore Comorian translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Maranao translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Miyako translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Northern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Okinawan translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Old Irish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Pijin translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Southern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Southern Ohlone translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tokunoshima translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Waigali translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Yaeyama translations", "Terms with Yonaguni translations", "Terms with Yoron translations", "en:Time"], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "Inherited"}, "expansion": "Inherited", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore", "4": "", "5": "", "g": "", "g2": "", "g3": "", "id": "", "lit": "", "nocat": "", "pos": "", "sc": "", "sort": "", "tr": "", "ts": ""}, "expansion": "Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore"}, "expansion": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh+"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "beforan"}, "expansion": "Old English beforan", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*furai"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *furai", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*per-", "4": "", "5": "front"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "befoar", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds-de", "2": "bevör", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German Low German bevör (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "bevor", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German bevor (“before”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore, from Old English beforan, from be- + foran (“before”), from fore, from Proto-Germanic *furai, from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”), German Low German bevör (“before”), German bevor (“before”).", "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "prepositions", "head": ""}, "expansion": "before", "name": "head"}, {"args": {}, "expansion": "before", "name": "en-prep"}], "hyphenation": ["be‧fore"], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "prep", "senses": [{"antonyms": [{"word": "after"}, {"word": "later than"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "I want this done before Monday.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter V, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:", "text": "We made an odd party before the arrival of the Ten, particularly when the Celebrity dropped in for lunch or dinner.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Earlier than (in time)."], "synonyms": [{"word": "by"}, {"word": "no later than"}, {"word": "previous to"}, {"word": "prior to"}, {"word": "ere"}]}, {"antonyms": [{"word": "behind"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "He stood before me.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "We sat before the fire to warm ourselves.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book XII”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:", "text": "His angel, who shall go / Before them in a cloud and pillar of fire.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1909, Archibald Marshall [pseudonym; Arthur Hammond Marshall], chapter I, in The Squire’s Daughter, New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead and Company, published 1919, →OCLC:", "text": "He tried to persuade Cicely to stay away from the ball-room for a fourth dance.[…]But she said she must go back, and when they joined the crowd again[…]she found her mother standing up before the seat on which she had sat all the evening searching anxiously for her with her eyes, and her father by her side.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2013 September-October, Henry Petroski, “The Evolution of Eyeglasses”, in American Scientist:", "text": "The ability of a segment of a glass sphere to magnify whatever is placed before it was known around the year 1000, when the spherical segment was called a reading stone, essentially what today we might term a frameless magnifying glass or plain glass paperweight.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["In front of in space."], "synonyms": [{"word": "ahead of"}, {"word": "in front of"}]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "He performed before the troops in North Africa.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "He spoke before a joint session of Congress.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["In the presence of."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "The case laid before the panel aroused nothing but ridicule.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1726, John Ayliffe, Parergon Juris Canonici Anglicani:", "text": "If a suit be begun before an archdeacon[…]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Under consideration, judgment, authority of (someone)."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "Your whole life is before you.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1831, Thomas Carlyle, “The Phœnix”, in Sartor Resartus: The Life and Opinions of Herr Teufelsdröckh. […], London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC, 3rd book, page 164:", "text": "The golden age[…]is before us.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1905, Lord Dunsany [i.e., Edward Plunkett, 18th Baron of Dunsany], The Gods of Pegāna, London: [Charles] Elkin Mathews, […], →OCLC, page 76:", "text": "There is an Eternity behind thee as well as one before. Hast thou bewailed the aeons that passed without thee, who art so much afraid of the aeons that shall pass?", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["In store for, in the future of (someone)."]}, {"antonyms": [{"word": "after"}], "categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "In alphabetical order, \"cat\" comes before \"dog\", \"canine\" before feline\".", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["In front of, according to a formal system of ordering items."], "synonyms": [{"word": "ahead of"}]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "An entrepreneur puts market share and profit before quality, and amateur intrinsic qualities before economical considerations.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, John 1:15:", "text": "He that cometh after me is preferred before me.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["At a higher or greater position than, in a ranking."]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "bĭfôʹ", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfɔː/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "bəfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bēfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bəˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/biˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfōrʹ", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfo(ː)ɹ/", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoə/", "note": "non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"audio": "en-us-before.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg/En-us-before.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɔː(ɹ)"}], "synonyms": [{"word": "befo"}, {"english": "African-American Vernacular", "tags": ["pronunciation-spelling"], "word": "befo'"}, {"word": "b4"}, {"tags": ["Internet"], "word": "be4"}], "translations": [{"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "para"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qabla", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "قَبْلَ"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔabl", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic"], "word": "قبل"}, {"code": "acw", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "gabil", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Hijazi-Arabic"], "word": "قَبل"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qbal", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "قبل"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙaǰ", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "առաջ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "minčʻew", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "մինչեւ"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nãnti"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ninti (roa-rup)"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nãinti"}, {"code": "ask", "lang": "Ashkun", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nustāri"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "qabaq"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "əvvəl"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "irəli"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "elek", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "элек"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "boron", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "борон"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "alda", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "алда"}, {"code": "eu", "lang": "Basque", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "baino lehen"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "da", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "да"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pjérad", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пе́рад"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predi", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "преди"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "abans de"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "abans que"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...yǐqián", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...以前"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...zhīqián", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...之前"}, {"code": "kw", "lang": "Cornish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "kyns"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "aldı"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "aldında"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "před"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "før"}, {"code": "dv", "lang": "Dhivehi", "roman": "is", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "އިސް"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "voordat"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antaŭ"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "aikaisemmin"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "varhemmin"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avant que"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣in", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "წინ"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣inat", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "წინათ"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "-mde", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "-მდე"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "uc̣in", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "უწინ"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "prin", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "πριν"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "pró", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "πρό"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lif'nei", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "לִפְנֵי"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "... se pahle", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "... से पहले"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "előtt"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "áður"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "fyrr"}, {"code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "roimh"}, {"code": "sga", "lang": "Old Irish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ré"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "prima"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "innanzi"}, {"alt": "...のまえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "...no mae ni", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...の前に"}, {"code": "bsh", "lang": "Kamkata-vari", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nūštař"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "kzg", "lang": "Kikai", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ijeone", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "이전에"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "jeone", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "전에"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "xug", "lang": "Kunigami", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "kmr", "lang": "Northern Kurdish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "berî"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["with-accusative"], "word": "ante"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "beför"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "fördem"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "fördęm"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "er"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "qabel"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "mua"}, {"code": "mrw", "lang": "Maranao", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "mona"}, {"code": "mr", "lang": "Marathi", "roman": "...-cyā agodar", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...-च्या अगोदर"}, {"code": "mr", "lang": "Marathi", "roman": "...-cyā ādhī", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...-च्या आधी"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "mvi", "lang": "Miyako", "roman": "mai", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "ömnö", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "өмнө"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Guernsey"], "word": "d'vànt qué"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ryn", "lang": "Northern Amami Ōshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "før"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "innen"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ryu", "lang": "Okinawan", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "cu", "lang": "Church Slavic", "roman": "prědŭ", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "прѣдъ"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ǣr"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "qabl", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "قبل"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "piš az", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "پیش از"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "qabl az", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "قبل از"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "nim"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "înainte"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "anterior"}, {"code": "rm", "lang": "Romansch", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "do", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "до"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "préžde", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пре́жде"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["archaic", "poetic"], "word": "пред"}, {"code": "sco", "lang": "Scots", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "afore"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "prije"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pre"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "прије"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пре"}, {"code": "si", "lang": "Sinhalese", "roman": "issara", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ඉස්සර"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pśed"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ams", "lang": "Southern Amami Ōshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "css", "lang": "Southern Ohlone", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "chien"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antes que"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "kabla ya"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "före"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "innan"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "förut"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundu", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ముందు"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundugāla", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ముందుగాల"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "gɔ̀ɔn", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ก่อน"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "tkn", "lang": "Tokunoshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "önce"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "do", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "до"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "ur", "lang": "Urdu", "roman": "... se pahle", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "... سے پہلے"}, {"code": "vec", "lang": "Venetan", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avanti"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "trước khi"}, {"code": "wbk", "lang": "Waigali", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nūst"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "divant"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "divant ki"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "cyn"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "o flaen"}, {"code": "fy", "lang": "West Frisian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "foar"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "rys", "lang": "Yaeyama", "roman": "mai", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "yoi", "lang": "Yonaguni", "roman": "mai", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "yox", "lang": "Yoron", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "para"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qabla", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "قَبْلَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔamāma", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "أَمَامَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "quddāma", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "قُدَّامَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "bayna yaday", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "بَيْنَ يَدَيْ"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "quddām", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "قدام"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qbāla", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "قبالة"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙǰew", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "առջև"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙǰewum", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "առջևում"}, {"code": "ask", "lang": "Ashkun", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "nustāri"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "note": "when specific object is specified", "roman": "aldında", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "алдында"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "note": "when no specific object is specified", "roman": "alda", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "алда"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pjérad", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пе́рад"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "rag"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "rak"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "davant"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...yǐqián", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "...以前"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...zhīqián", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "...之前"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "před"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "vóór"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "antaŭ"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "edessä"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "devant"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣in", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "წინ"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "got", "lang": "Gothic", "roman": "faur", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "brostá se", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "μπροστά σε"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "brostá apó", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "μπροστά από"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "enṓpion", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "ἐνώπιον"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "émprosthen", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "ἔμπροσθεν"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lifnéi", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "לִפְנֵי"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "előtt"}, {"code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "avan"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "di depan"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ees"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "os comhair"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "os coinne"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "davanti"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "innanzi"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "di fronte"}, {"alt": "...のまえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "...no mae ni", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "...の前に"}, {"code": "bsh", "lang": "Kamkata-vari", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "nūštař"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "kzg", "lang": "Kikai", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ape", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "앞에"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "xug", "lang": "Kunigami", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "pêş", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "پێش"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "prō"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "prae"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "di depan"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munnil", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "മുന്നിൽ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpil", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "മുമ്പിൽ"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "quddiem"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "qabel"}, {"code": "swb", "lang": "Maore Comorian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "mbeli za"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "mua"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "mvi", "lang": "Miyako", "roman": "mai", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Guernsey"], "word": "d'vànt"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Jersey"], "word": "d'vant"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "føre"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "framanfor"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ryu", "lang": "Okinawan", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "cu", "lang": "Church Slavic", "roman": "prědŭ", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "прѣдъ"}, {"code": "pis", "lang": "Pijin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "bifoa"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "em frente a"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "na frente de"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "diante de"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "înainte"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "în față"}, {"code": "rm", "lang": "Romansch", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["archaic", "poetic"], "word": "пред"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pśed"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ams", "lang": "Southern Amami Ōshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "frente a"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "enfrente de"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "mbele ya"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "före"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "inför"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundu", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ముందు"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "edara", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ఎదర"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "tkn", "lang": "Tokunoshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "đằng trước"}, {"code": "wbk", "lang": "Waigali", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "nūst"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "divant"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "o flaen"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "yng ngŵydd"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "rys", "lang": "Yaeyama", "roman": "mai", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "yoi", "lang": "Yonaguni", "roman": "mai", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "yox", "lang": "Yoron", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in the presence of", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in the presence of", "word": "os coinne"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in the presence of", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ape", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "앞에"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "för"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "faoi bhráid"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "os comhair"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qabla", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "قَبْلَ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙaǰ", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "առաջ"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "qabaq"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "ala", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ала"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "abans"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...yǐqián", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "...以前"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...zhīqián", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "...之前"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "před"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "før"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "inden"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "-mde", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "-მდე"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lif'nei", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "לִפְנֵי"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "roimh"}, {"alt": "...のまえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "...no mae ni", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "...の前に"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ape", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "앞에"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "pêş", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "پێش"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "för"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "pśed"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "före"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundu", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ముందు"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "đằng trước"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "o flaen"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "vóór"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "antaŭ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "før"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "nad"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "awali"}], "word": "before"}
before (prep) before/English/prep: invalid uppercase tag Moroccan-Arabic not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English adverbs", "English conjunctions", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English prepositions", "English sequence adverbs", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English uncomparable adverbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Requests for native script for Manchu terms", "Requests for review of Breton translations", "Requests for review of Ido translations", "Requests for review of Indonesian translations", "Requests for review of Interlingua translations", "Requests for review of Irish translations", "Requests for review of Manchu translations", "Requests for review of Old English translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)/2 syllables", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Ashkun translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dhivehi translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hausa translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ingrian translations", "Terms with Ingush translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kamkata-viri translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Kikai translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kunigami translations", "Terms with Ladin translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Low German translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Manchu translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maore Comorian translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Maranao translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Miyako translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Northern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Okinawan translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Old Irish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Pijin translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Southern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Southern Ohlone translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tokunoshima translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Waigali translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Yaeyama translations", "Terms with Yonaguni translations", "Terms with Yoron translations", "en:Time"], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "Inherited"}, "expansion": "Inherited", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore", "4": "", "5": "", "g": "", "g2": "", "g3": "", "id": "", "lit": "", "nocat": "", "pos": "", "sc": "", "sort": "", "tr": "", "ts": ""}, "expansion": "Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore"}, "expansion": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh+"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "beforan"}, "expansion": "Old English beforan", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*furai"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *furai", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*per-", "4": "", "5": "front"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "befoar", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds-de", "2": "bevör", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German Low German bevör (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "bevor", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German bevor (“before”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore, from Old English beforan, from be- + foran (“before”), from fore, from Proto-Germanic *furai, from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”), German Low German bevör (“before”), German bevor (“before”).", "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "prepositions", "head": ""}, "expansion": "before", "name": "head"}, {"args": {}, "expansion": "before", "name": "en-prep"}], "hyphenation": ["be‧fore"], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "prep", "senses": [{"antonyms": [{"word": "after"}, {"word": "later than"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "I want this done before Monday.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter V, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:", "text": "We made an odd party before the arrival of the Ten, particularly when the Celebrity dropped in for lunch or dinner.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Earlier than (in time)."], "synonyms": [{"word": "by"}, {"word": "no later than"}, {"word": "previous to"}, {"word": "prior to"}, {"word": "ere"}]}, {"antonyms": [{"word": "behind"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "He stood before me.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "We sat before the fire to warm ourselves.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book XII”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:", "text": "His angel, who shall go / Before them in a cloud and pillar of fire.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1909, Archibald Marshall [pseudonym; Arthur Hammond Marshall], chapter I, in The Squire’s Daughter, New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead and Company, published 1919, →OCLC:", "text": "He tried to persuade Cicely to stay away from the ball-room for a fourth dance.[…]But she said she must go back, and when they joined the crowd again[…]she found her mother standing up before the seat on which she had sat all the evening searching anxiously for her with her eyes, and her father by her side.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2013 September-October, Henry Petroski, “The Evolution of Eyeglasses”, in American Scientist:", "text": "The ability of a segment of a glass sphere to magnify whatever is placed before it was known around the year 1000, when the spherical segment was called a reading stone, essentially what today we might term a frameless magnifying glass or plain glass paperweight.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["In front of in space."], "synonyms": [{"word": "ahead of"}, {"word": "in front of"}]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "He performed before the troops in North Africa.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "He spoke before a joint session of Congress.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["In the presence of."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "The case laid before the panel aroused nothing but ridicule.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1726, John Ayliffe, Parergon Juris Canonici Anglicani:", "text": "If a suit be begun before an archdeacon[…]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Under consideration, judgment, authority of (someone)."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "Your whole life is before you.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1831, Thomas Carlyle, “The Phœnix”, in Sartor Resartus: The Life and Opinions of Herr Teufelsdröckh. […], London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC, 3rd book, page 164:", "text": "The golden age[…]is before us.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1905, Lord Dunsany [i.e., Edward Plunkett, 18th Baron of Dunsany], The Gods of Pegāna, London: [Charles] Elkin Mathews, […], →OCLC, page 76:", "text": "There is an Eternity behind thee as well as one before. Hast thou bewailed the aeons that passed without thee, who art so much afraid of the aeons that shall pass?", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["In store for, in the future of (someone)."]}, {"antonyms": [{"word": "after"}], "categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "In alphabetical order, \"cat\" comes before \"dog\", \"canine\" before feline\".", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["In front of, according to a formal system of ordering items."], "synonyms": [{"word": "ahead of"}]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "An entrepreneur puts market share and profit before quality, and amateur intrinsic qualities before economical considerations.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, John 1:15:", "text": "He that cometh after me is preferred before me.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["At a higher or greater position than, in a ranking."]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "bĭfôʹ", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfɔː/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "bəfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bēfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bəˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/biˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfōrʹ", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfo(ː)ɹ/", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoə/", "note": "non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"audio": "en-us-before.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg/En-us-before.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɔː(ɹ)"}], "synonyms": [{"word": "befo"}, {"english": "African-American Vernacular", "tags": ["pronunciation-spelling"], "word": "befo'"}, {"word": "b4"}, {"tags": ["Internet"], "word": "be4"}], "translations": [{"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "para"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qabla", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "قَبْلَ"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔabl", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic"], "word": "قبل"}, {"code": "acw", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "gabil", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Hijazi-Arabic"], "word": "قَبل"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qbal", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "قبل"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙaǰ", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "առաջ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "minčʻew", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "մինչեւ"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nãnti"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ninti (roa-rup)"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nãinti"}, {"code": "ask", "lang": "Ashkun", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nustāri"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "qabaq"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "əvvəl"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "irəli"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "elek", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "элек"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "boron", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "борон"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "alda", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "алда"}, {"code": "eu", "lang": "Basque", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "baino lehen"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "da", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "да"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pjérad", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пе́рад"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predi", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "преди"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "abans de"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "abans que"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...yǐqián", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...以前"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...zhīqián", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...之前"}, {"code": "kw", "lang": "Cornish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "kyns"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "aldı"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "aldında"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "před"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "før"}, {"code": "dv", "lang": "Dhivehi", "roman": "is", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "އިސް"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "voordat"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antaŭ"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "aikaisemmin"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "varhemmin"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avant que"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣in", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "წინ"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣inat", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "წინათ"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "-mde", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "-მდე"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "uc̣in", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "უწინ"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "prin", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "πριν"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "pró", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "πρό"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lif'nei", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "לִפְנֵי"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "... se pahle", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "... से पहले"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "előtt"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "áður"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "fyrr"}, {"code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "roimh"}, {"code": "sga", "lang": "Old Irish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ré"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "prima"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "innanzi"}, {"alt": "...のまえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "...no mae ni", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...の前に"}, {"code": "bsh", "lang": "Kamkata-vari", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nūštař"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "kzg", "lang": "Kikai", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ijeone", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "이전에"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "jeone", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "전에"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "xug", "lang": "Kunigami", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "kmr", "lang": "Northern Kurdish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "berî"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["with-accusative"], "word": "ante"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "beför"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "fördem"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "fördęm"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "er"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "qabel"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "mua"}, {"code": "mrw", "lang": "Maranao", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "mona"}, {"code": "mr", "lang": "Marathi", "roman": "...-cyā agodar", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...-च्या अगोदर"}, {"code": "mr", "lang": "Marathi", "roman": "...-cyā ādhī", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...-च्या आधी"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "mvi", "lang": "Miyako", "roman": "mai", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "ömnö", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "өмнө"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Guernsey"], "word": "d'vànt qué"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ryn", "lang": "Northern Amami Ōshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "før"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "innen"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ryu", "lang": "Okinawan", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "cu", "lang": "Church Slavic", "roman": "prědŭ", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "прѣдъ"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ǣr"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "qabl", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "قبل"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "piš az", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "پیش از"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "qabl az", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "قبل از"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "nim"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "înainte"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "anterior"}, {"code": "rm", "lang": "Romansch", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "do", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "до"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "préžde", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пре́жде"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["archaic", "poetic"], "word": "пред"}, {"code": "sco", "lang": "Scots", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "afore"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "prije"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pre"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "прије"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пре"}, {"code": "si", "lang": "Sinhalese", "roman": "issara", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ඉස්සර"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pśed"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ams", "lang": "Southern Amami Ōshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "css", "lang": "Southern Ohlone", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "chien"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antes que"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "kabla ya"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "före"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "innan"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "förut"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundu", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ముందు"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundugāla", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ముందుగాల"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "gɔ̀ɔn", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ก่อน"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "tkn", "lang": "Tokunoshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "önce"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "do", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "до"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "ur", "lang": "Urdu", "roman": "... se pahle", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "... سے پہلے"}, {"code": "vec", "lang": "Venetan", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avanti"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "trước khi"}, {"code": "wbk", "lang": "Waigali", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nūst"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "divant"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "divant ki"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "cyn"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "o flaen"}, {"code": "fy", "lang": "West Frisian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "foar"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "rys", "lang": "Yaeyama", "roman": "mai", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "yoi", "lang": "Yonaguni", "roman": "mai", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "yox", "lang": "Yoron", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "para"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qabla", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "قَبْلَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔamāma", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "أَمَامَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "quddāma", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "قُدَّامَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "bayna yaday", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "بَيْنَ يَدَيْ"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "quddām", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "قدام"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qbāla", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "قبالة"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙǰew", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "առջև"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙǰewum", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "առջևում"}, {"code": "ask", "lang": "Ashkun", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "nustāri"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "note": "when specific object is specified", "roman": "aldında", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "алдында"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "note": "when no specific object is specified", "roman": "alda", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "алда"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pjérad", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пе́рад"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "rag"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "rak"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "davant"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...yǐqián", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "...以前"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...zhīqián", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "...之前"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "před"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "vóór"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "antaŭ"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "edessä"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "devant"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣in", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "წინ"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "got", "lang": "Gothic", "roman": "faur", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "brostá se", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "μπροστά σε"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "brostá apó", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "μπροστά από"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "enṓpion", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "ἐνώπιον"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "émprosthen", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "ἔμπροσθεν"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lifnéi", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "לִפְנֵי"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "előtt"}, {"code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "avan"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "di depan"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ees"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "os comhair"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "os coinne"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "davanti"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "innanzi"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "di fronte"}, {"alt": "...のまえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "...no mae ni", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "...の前に"}, {"code": "bsh", "lang": "Kamkata-vari", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "nūštař"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "kzg", "lang": "Kikai", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ape", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "앞에"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "xug", "lang": "Kunigami", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "pêş", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "پێش"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "prō"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "prae"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "di depan"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munnil", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "മുന്നിൽ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpil", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "മുമ്പിൽ"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "quddiem"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "qabel"}, {"code": "swb", "lang": "Maore Comorian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "mbeli za"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "mua"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "mvi", "lang": "Miyako", "roman": "mai", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Guernsey"], "word": "d'vànt"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Jersey"], "word": "d'vant"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "føre"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "framanfor"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ryu", "lang": "Okinawan", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "cu", "lang": "Church Slavic", "roman": "prědŭ", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "прѣдъ"}, {"code": "pis", "lang": "Pijin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "bifoa"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "em frente a"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "na frente de"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "diante de"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "înainte"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "în față"}, {"code": "rm", "lang": "Romansch", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["archaic", "poetic"], "word": "пред"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pśed"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ams", "lang": "Southern Amami Ōshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "frente a"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "enfrente de"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "mbele ya"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "före"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "inför"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundu", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ముందు"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "edara", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ఎదర"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "tkn", "lang": "Tokunoshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "đằng trước"}, {"code": "wbk", "lang": "Waigali", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "nūst"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "divant"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "o flaen"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "yng ngŵydd"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "rys", "lang": "Yaeyama", "roman": "mai", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "yoi", "lang": "Yonaguni", "roman": "mai", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "yox", "lang": "Yoron", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in the presence of", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in the presence of", "word": "os coinne"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in the presence of", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ape", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "앞에"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "för"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "faoi bhráid"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "os comhair"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qabla", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "قَبْلَ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙaǰ", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "առաջ"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "qabaq"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "ala", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ала"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "abans"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...yǐqián", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "...以前"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...zhīqián", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "...之前"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "před"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "før"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "inden"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "-mde", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "-მდე"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lif'nei", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "לִפְנֵי"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "roimh"}, {"alt": "...のまえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "...no mae ni", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "...の前に"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ape", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "앞에"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "pêş", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "پێش"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "för"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "pśed"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "före"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundu", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ముందు"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "đằng trước"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "o flaen"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "vóór"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "antaŭ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "før"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "nad"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "awali"}], "word": "before"}
before (prep) before/English/prep: invalid uppercase tag Moroccan-Arabic not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English adverbs", "English conjunctions", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English prepositions", "English sequence adverbs", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English uncomparable adverbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Requests for native script for Manchu terms", "Requests for review of Breton translations", "Requests for review of Ido translations", "Requests for review of Indonesian translations", "Requests for review of Interlingua translations", "Requests for review of Irish translations", "Requests for review of Manchu translations", "Requests for review of Old English translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)/2 syllables", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Ashkun translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dhivehi translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hausa translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ingrian translations", "Terms with Ingush translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kamkata-viri translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Kikai translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kunigami translations", "Terms with Ladin translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Low German translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Manchu translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maore Comorian translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Maranao translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Miyako translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Northern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Okinawan translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Old Irish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Pijin translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Southern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Southern Ohlone translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tokunoshima translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Waigali translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Yaeyama translations", "Terms with Yonaguni translations", "Terms with Yoron translations", "en:Time"], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "Inherited"}, "expansion": "Inherited", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore", "4": "", "5": "", "g": "", "g2": "", "g3": "", "id": "", "lit": "", "nocat": "", "pos": "", "sc": "", "sort": "", "tr": "", "ts": ""}, "expansion": "Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore"}, "expansion": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh+"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "beforan"}, "expansion": "Old English beforan", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*furai"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *furai", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*per-", "4": "", "5": "front"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "befoar", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds-de", "2": "bevör", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German Low German bevör (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "bevor", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German bevor (“before”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore, from Old English beforan, from be- + foran (“before”), from fore, from Proto-Germanic *furai, from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”), German Low German bevör (“before”), German bevor (“before”).", "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "prepositions", "head": ""}, "expansion": "before", "name": "head"}, {"args": {}, "expansion": "before", "name": "en-prep"}], "hyphenation": ["be‧fore"], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "prep", "senses": [{"antonyms": [{"word": "after"}, {"word": "later than"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "I want this done before Monday.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter V, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:", "text": "We made an odd party before the arrival of the Ten, particularly when the Celebrity dropped in for lunch or dinner.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Earlier than (in time)."], "synonyms": [{"word": "by"}, {"word": "no later than"}, {"word": "previous to"}, {"word": "prior to"}, {"word": "ere"}]}, {"antonyms": [{"word": "behind"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "He stood before me.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "We sat before the fire to warm ourselves.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book XII”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:", "text": "His angel, who shall go / Before them in a cloud and pillar of fire.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1909, Archibald Marshall [pseudonym; Arthur Hammond Marshall], chapter I, in The Squire’s Daughter, New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead and Company, published 1919, →OCLC:", "text": "He tried to persuade Cicely to stay away from the ball-room for a fourth dance.[…]But she said she must go back, and when they joined the crowd again[…]she found her mother standing up before the seat on which she had sat all the evening searching anxiously for her with her eyes, and her father by her side.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2013 September-October, Henry Petroski, “The Evolution of Eyeglasses”, in American Scientist:", "text": "The ability of a segment of a glass sphere to magnify whatever is placed before it was known around the year 1000, when the spherical segment was called a reading stone, essentially what today we might term a frameless magnifying glass or plain glass paperweight.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["In front of in space."], "synonyms": [{"word": "ahead of"}, {"word": "in front of"}]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "He performed before the troops in North Africa.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "He spoke before a joint session of Congress.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["In the presence of."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "The case laid before the panel aroused nothing but ridicule.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1726, John Ayliffe, Parergon Juris Canonici Anglicani:", "text": "If a suit be begun before an archdeacon[…]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Under consideration, judgment, authority of (someone)."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "Your whole life is before you.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1831, Thomas Carlyle, “The Phœnix”, in Sartor Resartus: The Life and Opinions of Herr Teufelsdröckh. […], London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC, 3rd book, page 164:", "text": "The golden age[…]is before us.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1905, Lord Dunsany [i.e., Edward Plunkett, 18th Baron of Dunsany], The Gods of Pegāna, London: [Charles] Elkin Mathews, […], →OCLC, page 76:", "text": "There is an Eternity behind thee as well as one before. Hast thou bewailed the aeons that passed without thee, who art so much afraid of the aeons that shall pass?", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["In store for, in the future of (someone)."]}, {"antonyms": [{"word": "after"}], "categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "In alphabetical order, \"cat\" comes before \"dog\", \"canine\" before feline\".", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["In front of, according to a formal system of ordering items."], "synonyms": [{"word": "ahead of"}]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "An entrepreneur puts market share and profit before quality, and amateur intrinsic qualities before economical considerations.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, John 1:15:", "text": "He that cometh after me is preferred before me.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["At a higher or greater position than, in a ranking."]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "bĭfôʹ", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfɔː/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "bəfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bēfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bəˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/biˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfōrʹ", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfo(ː)ɹ/", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoə/", "note": "non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"audio": "en-us-before.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg/En-us-before.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɔː(ɹ)"}], "synonyms": [{"word": "befo"}, {"english": "African-American Vernacular", "tags": ["pronunciation-spelling"], "word": "befo'"}, {"word": "b4"}, {"tags": ["Internet"], "word": "be4"}], "translations": [{"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "para"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qabla", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "قَبْلَ"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔabl", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic"], "word": "قبل"}, {"code": "acw", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "gabil", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Hijazi-Arabic"], "word": "قَبل"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qbal", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "قبل"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙaǰ", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "առաջ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "minčʻew", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "մինչեւ"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nãnti"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ninti (roa-rup)"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nãinti"}, {"code": "ask", "lang": "Ashkun", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nustāri"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "qabaq"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "əvvəl"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "irəli"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "elek", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "элек"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "boron", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "борон"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "alda", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "алда"}, {"code": "eu", "lang": "Basque", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "baino lehen"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "da", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "да"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pjérad", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пе́рад"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predi", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "преди"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "abans de"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "abans que"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...yǐqián", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...以前"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...zhīqián", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...之前"}, {"code": "kw", "lang": "Cornish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "kyns"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "aldı"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "aldında"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "před"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "før"}, {"code": "dv", "lang": "Dhivehi", "roman": "is", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "އިސް"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "voordat"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antaŭ"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "aikaisemmin"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "varhemmin"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avant que"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣in", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "წინ"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣inat", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "წინათ"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "-mde", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "-მდე"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "uc̣in", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "უწინ"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "prin", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "πριν"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "pró", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "πρό"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lif'nei", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "לִפְנֵי"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "... se pahle", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "... से पहले"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "előtt"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "áður"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "fyrr"}, {"code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "roimh"}, {"code": "sga", "lang": "Old Irish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ré"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "prima"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "innanzi"}, {"alt": "...のまえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "...no mae ni", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...の前に"}, {"code": "bsh", "lang": "Kamkata-vari", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nūštař"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "kzg", "lang": "Kikai", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ijeone", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "이전에"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "jeone", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "전에"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "xug", "lang": "Kunigami", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "kmr", "lang": "Northern Kurdish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "berî"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["with-accusative"], "word": "ante"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "beför"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "fördem"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "fördęm"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "er"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "qabel"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "mua"}, {"code": "mrw", "lang": "Maranao", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "mona"}, {"code": "mr", "lang": "Marathi", "roman": "...-cyā agodar", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...-च्या अगोदर"}, {"code": "mr", "lang": "Marathi", "roman": "...-cyā ādhī", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...-च्या आधी"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "mvi", "lang": "Miyako", "roman": "mai", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "ömnö", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "өмнө"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Guernsey"], "word": "d'vànt qué"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ryn", "lang": "Northern Amami Ōshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "før"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "innen"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ryu", "lang": "Okinawan", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "cu", "lang": "Church Slavic", "roman": "prědŭ", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "прѣдъ"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ǣr"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "qabl", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "قبل"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "piš az", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "پیش از"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "qabl az", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "قبل از"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "nim"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "înainte"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "anterior"}, {"code": "rm", "lang": "Romansch", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "do", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "до"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "préžde", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пре́жде"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["archaic", "poetic"], "word": "пред"}, {"code": "sco", "lang": "Scots", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "afore"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "prije"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pre"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "прије"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пре"}, {"code": "si", "lang": "Sinhalese", "roman": "issara", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ඉස්සර"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pśed"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ams", "lang": "Southern Amami Ōshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "css", "lang": "Southern Ohlone", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "chien"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antes que"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "kabla ya"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "före"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "innan"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "förut"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundu", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ముందు"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundugāla", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ముందుగాల"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "gɔ̀ɔn", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ก่อน"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "tkn", "lang": "Tokunoshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "önce"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "do", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "до"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "ur", "lang": "Urdu", "roman": "... se pahle", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "... سے پہلے"}, {"code": "vec", "lang": "Venetan", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avanti"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "trước khi"}, {"code": "wbk", "lang": "Waigali", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nūst"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "divant"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "divant ki"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "cyn"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "o flaen"}, {"code": "fy", "lang": "West Frisian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "foar"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "rys", "lang": "Yaeyama", "roman": "mai", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "yoi", "lang": "Yonaguni", "roman": "mai", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "yox", "lang": "Yoron", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "para"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qabla", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "قَبْلَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔamāma", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "أَمَامَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "quddāma", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "قُدَّامَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "bayna yaday", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "بَيْنَ يَدَيْ"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "quddām", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "قدام"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qbāla", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "قبالة"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙǰew", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "առջև"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙǰewum", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "առջևում"}, {"code": "ask", "lang": "Ashkun", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "nustāri"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "note": "when specific object is specified", "roman": "aldında", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "алдында"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "note": "when no specific object is specified", "roman": "alda", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "алда"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pjérad", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пе́рад"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "rag"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "rak"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "davant"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...yǐqián", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "...以前"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...zhīqián", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "...之前"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "před"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "vóór"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "antaŭ"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "edessä"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "devant"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣in", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "წინ"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "got", "lang": "Gothic", "roman": "faur", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "brostá se", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "μπροστά σε"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "brostá apó", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "μπροστά από"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "enṓpion", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "ἐνώπιον"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "émprosthen", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "ἔμπροσθεν"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lifnéi", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "לִפְנֵי"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "előtt"}, {"code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "avan"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "di depan"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ees"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "os comhair"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "os coinne"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "davanti"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "innanzi"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "di fronte"}, {"alt": "...のまえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "...no mae ni", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "...の前に"}, {"code": "bsh", "lang": "Kamkata-vari", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "nūštař"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "kzg", "lang": "Kikai", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ape", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "앞에"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "xug", "lang": "Kunigami", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "pêş", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "پێش"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "prō"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "prae"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "di depan"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munnil", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "മുന്നിൽ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpil", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "മുമ്പിൽ"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "quddiem"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "qabel"}, {"code": "swb", "lang": "Maore Comorian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "mbeli za"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "mua"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "mvi", "lang": "Miyako", "roman": "mai", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Guernsey"], "word": "d'vànt"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Jersey"], "word": "d'vant"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "føre"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "framanfor"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ryu", "lang": "Okinawan", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "cu", "lang": "Church Slavic", "roman": "prědŭ", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "прѣдъ"}, {"code": "pis", "lang": "Pijin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "bifoa"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "em frente a"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "na frente de"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "diante de"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "înainte"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "în față"}, {"code": "rm", "lang": "Romansch", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["archaic", "poetic"], "word": "пред"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pśed"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ams", "lang": "Southern Amami Ōshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "frente a"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "enfrente de"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "mbele ya"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "före"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "inför"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundu", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ముందు"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "edara", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ఎదర"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "tkn", "lang": "Tokunoshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "đằng trước"}, {"code": "wbk", "lang": "Waigali", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "nūst"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "divant"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "o flaen"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "yng ngŵydd"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "rys", "lang": "Yaeyama", "roman": "mai", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "yoi", "lang": "Yonaguni", "roman": "mai", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "yox", "lang": "Yoron", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in the presence of", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in the presence of", "word": "os coinne"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in the presence of", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ape", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "앞에"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "för"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "faoi bhráid"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "os comhair"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qabla", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "قَبْلَ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙaǰ", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "առաջ"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "qabaq"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "ala", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ала"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "abans"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...yǐqián", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "...以前"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...zhīqián", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "...之前"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "před"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "før"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "inden"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "-mde", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "-მდე"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lif'nei", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "לִפְנֵי"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "roimh"}, {"alt": "...のまえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "...no mae ni", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "...の前に"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ape", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "앞에"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "pêş", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "پێش"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "för"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "pśed"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "före"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundu", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ముందు"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "đằng trước"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "o flaen"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "vóór"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "antaŭ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "før"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "nad"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "awali"}], "word": "before"}
before (prep) before/English/prep: invalid uppercase tag Moroccan-Arabic not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English adverbs", "English conjunctions", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English prepositions", "English sequence adverbs", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English uncomparable adverbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Requests for native script for Manchu terms", "Requests for review of Breton translations", "Requests for review of Ido translations", "Requests for review of Indonesian translations", "Requests for review of Interlingua translations", "Requests for review of Irish translations", "Requests for review of Manchu translations", "Requests for review of Old English translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)/2 syllables", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Ashkun translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dhivehi translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hausa translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ingrian translations", "Terms with Ingush translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kamkata-viri translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Kikai translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kunigami translations", "Terms with Ladin translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Low German translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Manchu translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maore Comorian translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Maranao translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Miyako translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Northern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Okinawan translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Old Irish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Pijin translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Southern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Southern Ohlone translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tokunoshima translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Waigali translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Yaeyama translations", "Terms with Yonaguni translations", "Terms with Yoron translations", "en:Time"], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "Inherited"}, "expansion": "Inherited", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore", "4": "", "5": "", "g": "", "g2": "", "g3": "", "id": "", "lit": "", "nocat": "", "pos": "", "sc": "", "sort": "", "tr": "", "ts": ""}, "expansion": "Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore"}, "expansion": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh+"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "beforan"}, "expansion": "Old English beforan", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*furai"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *furai", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*per-", "4": "", "5": "front"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "befoar", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds-de", "2": "bevör", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German Low German bevör (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "bevor", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German bevor (“before”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore, from Old English beforan, from be- + foran (“before”), from fore, from Proto-Germanic *furai, from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”), German Low German bevör (“before”), German bevor (“before”).", "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "prepositions", "head": ""}, "expansion": "before", "name": "head"}, {"args": {}, "expansion": "before", "name": "en-prep"}], "hyphenation": ["be‧fore"], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "prep", "senses": [{"antonyms": [{"word": "after"}, {"word": "later than"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "I want this done before Monday.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter V, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:", "text": "We made an odd party before the arrival of the Ten, particularly when the Celebrity dropped in for lunch or dinner.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Earlier than (in time)."], "synonyms": [{"word": "by"}, {"word": "no later than"}, {"word": "previous to"}, {"word": "prior to"}, {"word": "ere"}]}, {"antonyms": [{"word": "behind"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "He stood before me.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "We sat before the fire to warm ourselves.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book XII”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:", "text": "His angel, who shall go / Before them in a cloud and pillar of fire.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1909, Archibald Marshall [pseudonym; Arthur Hammond Marshall], chapter I, in The Squire’s Daughter, New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead and Company, published 1919, →OCLC:", "text": "He tried to persuade Cicely to stay away from the ball-room for a fourth dance.[…]But she said she must go back, and when they joined the crowd again[…]she found her mother standing up before the seat on which she had sat all the evening searching anxiously for her with her eyes, and her father by her side.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2013 September-October, Henry Petroski, “The Evolution of Eyeglasses”, in American Scientist:", "text": "The ability of a segment of a glass sphere to magnify whatever is placed before it was known around the year 1000, when the spherical segment was called a reading stone, essentially what today we might term a frameless magnifying glass or plain glass paperweight.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["In front of in space."], "synonyms": [{"word": "ahead of"}, {"word": "in front of"}]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "He performed before the troops in North Africa.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "He spoke before a joint session of Congress.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["In the presence of."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "The case laid before the panel aroused nothing but ridicule.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1726, John Ayliffe, Parergon Juris Canonici Anglicani:", "text": "If a suit be begun before an archdeacon[…]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Under consideration, judgment, authority of (someone)."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "Your whole life is before you.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1831, Thomas Carlyle, “The Phœnix”, in Sartor Resartus: The Life and Opinions of Herr Teufelsdröckh. […], London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC, 3rd book, page 164:", "text": "The golden age[…]is before us.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1905, Lord Dunsany [i.e., Edward Plunkett, 18th Baron of Dunsany], The Gods of Pegāna, London: [Charles] Elkin Mathews, […], →OCLC, page 76:", "text": "There is an Eternity behind thee as well as one before. Hast thou bewailed the aeons that passed without thee, who art so much afraid of the aeons that shall pass?", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["In store for, in the future of (someone)."]}, {"antonyms": [{"word": "after"}], "categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "In alphabetical order, \"cat\" comes before \"dog\", \"canine\" before feline\".", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["In front of, according to a formal system of ordering items."], "synonyms": [{"word": "ahead of"}]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "An entrepreneur puts market share and profit before quality, and amateur intrinsic qualities before economical considerations.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, John 1:15:", "text": "He that cometh after me is preferred before me.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["At a higher or greater position than, in a ranking."]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "bĭfôʹ", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfɔː/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "bəfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bēfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bəˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/biˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfōrʹ", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfo(ː)ɹ/", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoə/", "note": "non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"audio": "en-us-before.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg/En-us-before.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɔː(ɹ)"}], "synonyms": [{"word": "befo"}, {"english": "African-American Vernacular", "tags": ["pronunciation-spelling"], "word": "befo'"}, {"word": "b4"}, {"tags": ["Internet"], "word": "be4"}], "translations": [{"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "para"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qabla", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "قَبْلَ"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔabl", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic"], "word": "قبل"}, {"code": "acw", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "gabil", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Hijazi-Arabic"], "word": "قَبل"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qbal", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "قبل"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙaǰ", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "առաջ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "minčʻew", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "մինչեւ"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nãnti"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ninti (roa-rup)"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nãinti"}, {"code": "ask", "lang": "Ashkun", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nustāri"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "qabaq"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "əvvəl"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "irəli"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "elek", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "элек"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "boron", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "борон"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "alda", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "алда"}, {"code": "eu", "lang": "Basque", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "baino lehen"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "da", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "да"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pjérad", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пе́рад"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predi", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "преди"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "abans de"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "abans que"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...yǐqián", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...以前"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...zhīqián", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...之前"}, {"code": "kw", "lang": "Cornish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "kyns"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "aldı"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "aldında"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "před"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "før"}, {"code": "dv", "lang": "Dhivehi", "roman": "is", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "އިސް"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "voordat"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antaŭ"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "aikaisemmin"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "varhemmin"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avant que"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣in", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "წინ"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣inat", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "წინათ"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "-mde", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "-მდე"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "uc̣in", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "უწინ"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "prin", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "πριν"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "pró", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "πρό"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lif'nei", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "לִפְנֵי"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "... se pahle", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "... से पहले"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "előtt"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "áður"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "fyrr"}, {"code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "roimh"}, {"code": "sga", "lang": "Old Irish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ré"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "prima"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "innanzi"}, {"alt": "...のまえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "...no mae ni", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...の前に"}, {"code": "bsh", "lang": "Kamkata-vari", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nūštař"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "kzg", "lang": "Kikai", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ijeone", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "이전에"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "jeone", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "전에"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "xug", "lang": "Kunigami", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "kmr", "lang": "Northern Kurdish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "berî"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["with-accusative"], "word": "ante"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "beför"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "fördem"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "fördęm"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "er"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "qabel"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "mua"}, {"code": "mrw", "lang": "Maranao", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "mona"}, {"code": "mr", "lang": "Marathi", "roman": "...-cyā agodar", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...-च्या अगोदर"}, {"code": "mr", "lang": "Marathi", "roman": "...-cyā ādhī", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...-च्या आधी"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "mvi", "lang": "Miyako", "roman": "mai", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "ömnö", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "өмнө"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Guernsey"], "word": "d'vànt qué"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ryn", "lang": "Northern Amami Ōshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "før"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "innen"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ryu", "lang": "Okinawan", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "cu", "lang": "Church Slavic", "roman": "prědŭ", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "прѣдъ"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ǣr"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "qabl", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "قبل"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "piš az", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "پیش از"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "qabl az", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "قبل از"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "nim"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "înainte"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "anterior"}, {"code": "rm", "lang": "Romansch", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "do", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "до"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "préžde", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пре́жде"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["archaic", "poetic"], "word": "пред"}, {"code": "sco", "lang": "Scots", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "afore"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "prije"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pre"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "прије"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пре"}, {"code": "si", "lang": "Sinhalese", "roman": "issara", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ඉස්සර"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pśed"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ams", "lang": "Southern Amami Ōshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "css", "lang": "Southern Ohlone", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "chien"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antes que"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "kabla ya"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "före"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "innan"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "förut"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundu", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ముందు"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundugāla", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ముందుగాల"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "gɔ̀ɔn", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ก่อน"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "tkn", "lang": "Tokunoshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "önce"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "do", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "до"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "ur", "lang": "Urdu", "roman": "... se pahle", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "... سے پہلے"}, {"code": "vec", "lang": "Venetan", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avanti"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "trước khi"}, {"code": "wbk", "lang": "Waigali", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nūst"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "divant"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "divant ki"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "cyn"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "o flaen"}, {"code": "fy", "lang": "West Frisian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "foar"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "rys", "lang": "Yaeyama", "roman": "mai", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "yoi", "lang": "Yonaguni", "roman": "mai", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "yox", "lang": "Yoron", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "para"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qabla", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "قَبْلَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔamāma", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "أَمَامَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "quddāma", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "قُدَّامَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "bayna yaday", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "بَيْنَ يَدَيْ"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "quddām", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "قدام"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qbāla", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "قبالة"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙǰew", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "առջև"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙǰewum", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "առջևում"}, {"code": "ask", "lang": "Ashkun", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "nustāri"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "note": "when specific object is specified", "roman": "aldında", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "алдында"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "note": "when no specific object is specified", "roman": "alda", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "алда"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pjérad", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пе́рад"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "rag"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "rak"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "davant"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...yǐqián", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "...以前"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...zhīqián", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "...之前"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "před"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "vóór"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "antaŭ"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "edessä"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "devant"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣in", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "წინ"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "got", "lang": "Gothic", "roman": "faur", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "brostá se", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "μπροστά σε"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "brostá apó", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "μπροστά από"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "enṓpion", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "ἐνώπιον"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "émprosthen", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "ἔμπροσθεν"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lifnéi", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "לִפְנֵי"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "előtt"}, {"code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "avan"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "di depan"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ees"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "os comhair"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "os coinne"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "davanti"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "innanzi"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "di fronte"}, {"alt": "...のまえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "...no mae ni", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "...の前に"}, {"code": "bsh", "lang": "Kamkata-vari", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "nūštař"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "kzg", "lang": "Kikai", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ape", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "앞에"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "xug", "lang": "Kunigami", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "pêş", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "پێش"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "prō"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "prae"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "di depan"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munnil", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "മുന്നിൽ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpil", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "മുമ്പിൽ"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "quddiem"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "qabel"}, {"code": "swb", "lang": "Maore Comorian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "mbeli za"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "mua"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "mvi", "lang": "Miyako", "roman": "mai", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Guernsey"], "word": "d'vànt"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Jersey"], "word": "d'vant"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "føre"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "framanfor"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ryu", "lang": "Okinawan", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "cu", "lang": "Church Slavic", "roman": "prědŭ", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "прѣдъ"}, {"code": "pis", "lang": "Pijin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "bifoa"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "em frente a"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "na frente de"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "diante de"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "înainte"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "în față"}, {"code": "rm", "lang": "Romansch", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["archaic", "poetic"], "word": "пред"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pśed"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ams", "lang": "Southern Amami Ōshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "frente a"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "enfrente de"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "mbele ya"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "före"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "inför"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundu", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ముందు"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "edara", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ఎదర"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "tkn", "lang": "Tokunoshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "đằng trước"}, {"code": "wbk", "lang": "Waigali", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "nūst"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "divant"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "o flaen"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "yng ngŵydd"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "rys", "lang": "Yaeyama", "roman": "mai", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "yoi", "lang": "Yonaguni", "roman": "mai", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "yox", "lang": "Yoron", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in the presence of", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in the presence of", "word": "os coinne"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in the presence of", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ape", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "앞에"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "för"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "faoi bhráid"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "os comhair"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qabla", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "قَبْلَ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙaǰ", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "առաջ"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "qabaq"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "ala", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ала"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "abans"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...yǐqián", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "...以前"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...zhīqián", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "...之前"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "před"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "før"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "inden"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "-mde", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "-მდე"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lif'nei", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "לִפְנֵי"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "roimh"}, {"alt": "...のまえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "...no mae ni", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "...の前に"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ape", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "앞에"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "pêş", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "پێش"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "för"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "pśed"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "före"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundu", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ముందు"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "đằng trước"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "o flaen"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "vóór"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "antaŭ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "før"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "nad"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "awali"}], "word": "before"}
before (prep) before/English/prep: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English adverbs", "English conjunctions", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English prepositions", "English sequence adverbs", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English uncomparable adverbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Requests for native script for Manchu terms", "Requests for review of Breton translations", "Requests for review of Ido translations", "Requests for review of Indonesian translations", "Requests for review of Interlingua translations", "Requests for review of Irish translations", "Requests for review of Manchu translations", "Requests for review of Old English translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)/2 syllables", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Ashkun translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dhivehi translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hausa translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ingrian translations", "Terms with Ingush translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kamkata-viri translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Kikai translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kunigami translations", "Terms with Ladin translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Low German translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Manchu translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maore Comorian translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Maranao translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Miyako translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Northern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Okinawan translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Old Irish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Pijin translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Southern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Southern Ohlone translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tokunoshima translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Waigali translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Yaeyama translations", "Terms with Yonaguni translations", "Terms with Yoron translations", "en:Time"], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "Inherited"}, "expansion": "Inherited", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore", "4": "", "5": "", "g": "", "g2": "", "g3": "", "id": "", "lit": "", "nocat": "", "pos": "", "sc": "", "sort": "", "tr": "", "ts": ""}, "expansion": "Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore"}, "expansion": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh+"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "beforan"}, "expansion": "Old English beforan", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*furai"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *furai", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*per-", "4": "", "5": "front"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "befoar", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds-de", "2": "bevör", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German Low German bevör (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "bevor", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German bevor (“before”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore, from Old English beforan, from be- + foran (“before”), from fore, from Proto-Germanic *furai, from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”), German Low German bevör (“before”), German bevor (“before”).", "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "prepositions", "head": ""}, "expansion": "before", "name": "head"}, {"args": {}, "expansion": "before", "name": "en-prep"}], "hyphenation": ["be‧fore"], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "prep", "senses": [{"antonyms": [{"word": "after"}, {"word": "later than"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "I want this done before Monday.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter V, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:", "text": "We made an odd party before the arrival of the Ten, particularly when the Celebrity dropped in for lunch or dinner.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Earlier than (in time)."], "synonyms": [{"word": "by"}, {"word": "no later than"}, {"word": "previous to"}, {"word": "prior to"}, {"word": "ere"}]}, {"antonyms": [{"word": "behind"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "He stood before me.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "We sat before the fire to warm ourselves.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book XII”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:", "text": "His angel, who shall go / Before them in a cloud and pillar of fire.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1909, Archibald Marshall [pseudonym; Arthur Hammond Marshall], chapter I, in The Squire’s Daughter, New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead and Company, published 1919, →OCLC:", "text": "He tried to persuade Cicely to stay away from the ball-room for a fourth dance.[…]But she said she must go back, and when they joined the crowd again[…]she found her mother standing up before the seat on which she had sat all the evening searching anxiously for her with her eyes, and her father by her side.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2013 September-October, Henry Petroski, “The Evolution of Eyeglasses”, in American Scientist:", "text": "The ability of a segment of a glass sphere to magnify whatever is placed before it was known around the year 1000, when the spherical segment was called a reading stone, essentially what today we might term a frameless magnifying glass or plain glass paperweight.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["In front of in space."], "synonyms": [{"word": "ahead of"}, {"word": "in front of"}]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "He performed before the troops in North Africa.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "He spoke before a joint session of Congress.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["In the presence of."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "The case laid before the panel aroused nothing but ridicule.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1726, John Ayliffe, Parergon Juris Canonici Anglicani:", "text": "If a suit be begun before an archdeacon[…]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Under consideration, judgment, authority of (someone)."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "Your whole life is before you.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1831, Thomas Carlyle, “The Phœnix”, in Sartor Resartus: The Life and Opinions of Herr Teufelsdröckh. […], London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC, 3rd book, page 164:", "text": "The golden age[…]is before us.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1905, Lord Dunsany [i.e., Edward Plunkett, 18th Baron of Dunsany], The Gods of Pegāna, London: [Charles] Elkin Mathews, […], →OCLC, page 76:", "text": "There is an Eternity behind thee as well as one before. Hast thou bewailed the aeons that passed without thee, who art so much afraid of the aeons that shall pass?", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["In store for, in the future of (someone)."]}, {"antonyms": [{"word": "after"}], "categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "In alphabetical order, \"cat\" comes before \"dog\", \"canine\" before feline\".", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["In front of, according to a formal system of ordering items."], "synonyms": [{"word": "ahead of"}]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "An entrepreneur puts market share and profit before quality, and amateur intrinsic qualities before economical considerations.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, John 1:15:", "text": "He that cometh after me is preferred before me.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["At a higher or greater position than, in a ranking."]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "bĭfôʹ", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfɔː/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "bəfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bēfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bəˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/biˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfōrʹ", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfo(ː)ɹ/", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoə/", "note": "non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"audio": "en-us-before.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg/En-us-before.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɔː(ɹ)"}], "synonyms": [{"word": "befo"}, {"english": "African-American Vernacular", "tags": ["pronunciation-spelling"], "word": "befo'"}, {"word": "b4"}, {"tags": ["Internet"], "word": "be4"}], "translations": [{"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "para"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qabla", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "قَبْلَ"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔabl", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic"], "word": "قبل"}, {"code": "acw", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "gabil", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Hijazi-Arabic"], "word": "قَبل"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qbal", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "قبل"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙaǰ", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "առաջ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "minčʻew", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "մինչեւ"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nãnti"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ninti (roa-rup)"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nãinti"}, {"code": "ask", "lang": "Ashkun", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nustāri"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "qabaq"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "əvvəl"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "irəli"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "elek", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "элек"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "boron", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "борон"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "alda", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "алда"}, {"code": "eu", "lang": "Basque", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "baino lehen"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "da", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "да"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pjérad", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пе́рад"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predi", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "преди"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "abans de"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "abans que"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...yǐqián", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...以前"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...zhīqián", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...之前"}, {"code": "kw", "lang": "Cornish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "kyns"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "aldı"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "aldında"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "před"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "før"}, {"code": "dv", "lang": "Dhivehi", "roman": "is", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "އިސް"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "voordat"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antaŭ"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "aikaisemmin"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "varhemmin"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avant que"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣in", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "წინ"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣inat", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "წინათ"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "-mde", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "-მდე"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "uc̣in", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "უწინ"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "prin", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "πριν"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "pró", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "πρό"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lif'nei", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "לִפְנֵי"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "... se pahle", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "... से पहले"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "előtt"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "áður"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "fyrr"}, {"code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "roimh"}, {"code": "sga", "lang": "Old Irish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ré"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "prima"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "innanzi"}, {"alt": "...のまえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "...no mae ni", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...の前に"}, {"code": "bsh", "lang": "Kamkata-vari", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nūštař"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "kzg", "lang": "Kikai", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ijeone", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "이전에"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "jeone", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "전에"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "xug", "lang": "Kunigami", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "kmr", "lang": "Northern Kurdish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "berî"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["with-accusative"], "word": "ante"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "beför"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "fördem"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "fördęm"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "er"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "qabel"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "mua"}, {"code": "mrw", "lang": "Maranao", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "mona"}, {"code": "mr", "lang": "Marathi", "roman": "...-cyā agodar", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...-च्या अगोदर"}, {"code": "mr", "lang": "Marathi", "roman": "...-cyā ādhī", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...-च्या आधी"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "mvi", "lang": "Miyako", "roman": "mai", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "ömnö", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "өмнө"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Guernsey"], "word": "d'vànt qué"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ryn", "lang": "Northern Amami Ōshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "før"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "innen"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ryu", "lang": "Okinawan", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "cu", "lang": "Church Slavic", "roman": "prědŭ", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "прѣдъ"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ǣr"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "qabl", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "قبل"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "piš az", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "پیش از"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "qabl az", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "قبل از"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "nim"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "înainte"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "anterior"}, {"code": "rm", "lang": "Romansch", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "do", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "до"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "préžde", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пре́жде"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["archaic", "poetic"], "word": "пред"}, {"code": "sco", "lang": "Scots", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "afore"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "prije"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pre"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "прије"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пре"}, {"code": "si", "lang": "Sinhalese", "roman": "issara", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ඉස්සර"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pśed"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ams", "lang": "Southern Amami Ōshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "css", "lang": "Southern Ohlone", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "chien"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antes que"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "kabla ya"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "före"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "innan"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "förut"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundu", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ముందు"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundugāla", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ముందుగాల"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "gɔ̀ɔn", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ก่อน"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "tkn", "lang": "Tokunoshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "önce"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "do", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "до"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "ur", "lang": "Urdu", "roman": "... se pahle", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "... سے پہلے"}, {"code": "vec", "lang": "Venetan", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avanti"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "trước khi"}, {"code": "wbk", "lang": "Waigali", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nūst"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "divant"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "divant ki"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "cyn"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "o flaen"}, {"code": "fy", "lang": "West Frisian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "foar"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "rys", "lang": "Yaeyama", "roman": "mai", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "yoi", "lang": "Yonaguni", "roman": "mai", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "yox", "lang": "Yoron", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "para"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qabla", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "قَبْلَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔamāma", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "أَمَامَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "quddāma", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "قُدَّامَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "bayna yaday", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "بَيْنَ يَدَيْ"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "quddām", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "قدام"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qbāla", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "قبالة"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙǰew", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "առջև"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙǰewum", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "առջևում"}, {"code": "ask", "lang": "Ashkun", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "nustāri"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "note": "when specific object is specified", "roman": "aldında", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "алдында"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "note": "when no specific object is specified", "roman": "alda", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "алда"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pjérad", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пе́рад"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "rag"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "rak"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "davant"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...yǐqián", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "...以前"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...zhīqián", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "...之前"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "před"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "vóór"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "antaŭ"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "edessä"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "devant"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣in", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "წინ"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "got", "lang": "Gothic", "roman": "faur", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "brostá se", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "μπροστά σε"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "brostá apó", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "μπροστά από"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "enṓpion", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "ἐνώπιον"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "émprosthen", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "ἔμπροσθεν"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lifnéi", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "לִפְנֵי"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "előtt"}, {"code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "avan"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "di depan"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ees"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "os comhair"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "os coinne"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "davanti"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "innanzi"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "di fronte"}, {"alt": "...のまえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "...no mae ni", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "...の前に"}, {"code": "bsh", "lang": "Kamkata-vari", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "nūštař"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "kzg", "lang": "Kikai", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ape", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "앞에"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "xug", "lang": "Kunigami", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "pêş", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "پێش"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "prō"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "prae"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "di depan"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munnil", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "മുന്നിൽ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpil", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "മുമ്പിൽ"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "quddiem"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "qabel"}, {"code": "swb", "lang": "Maore Comorian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "mbeli za"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "mua"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "mvi", "lang": "Miyako", "roman": "mai", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Guernsey"], "word": "d'vànt"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Jersey"], "word": "d'vant"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "føre"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "framanfor"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ryu", "lang": "Okinawan", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "cu", "lang": "Church Slavic", "roman": "prědŭ", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "прѣдъ"}, {"code": "pis", "lang": "Pijin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "bifoa"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "em frente a"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "na frente de"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "diante de"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "înainte"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "în față"}, {"code": "rm", "lang": "Romansch", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["archaic", "poetic"], "word": "пред"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pśed"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ams", "lang": "Southern Amami Ōshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "frente a"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "enfrente de"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "mbele ya"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "före"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "inför"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundu", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ముందు"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "edara", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ఎదర"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "tkn", "lang": "Tokunoshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "đằng trước"}, {"code": "wbk", "lang": "Waigali", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "nūst"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "divant"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "o flaen"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "yng ngŵydd"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "rys", "lang": "Yaeyama", "roman": "mai", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "yoi", "lang": "Yonaguni", "roman": "mai", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "yox", "lang": "Yoron", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in the presence of", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in the presence of", "word": "os coinne"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in the presence of", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ape", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "앞에"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "för"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "faoi bhráid"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "os comhair"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qabla", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "قَبْلَ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙaǰ", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "առաջ"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "qabaq"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "ala", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ала"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "abans"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...yǐqián", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "...以前"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...zhīqián", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "...之前"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "před"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "før"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "inden"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "-mde", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "-მდე"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lif'nei", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "לִפְנֵי"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "roimh"}, {"alt": "...のまえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "...no mae ni", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "...の前に"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ape", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "앞에"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "pêş", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "پێش"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "för"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "pśed"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "före"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundu", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ముందు"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "đằng trước"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "o flaen"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "vóór"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "antaŭ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "før"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "nad"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "awali"}], "word": "before"}
before (prep) before/English/prep: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English adverbs", "English conjunctions", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English prepositions", "English sequence adverbs", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English uncomparable adverbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Requests for native script for Manchu terms", "Requests for review of Breton translations", "Requests for review of Ido translations", "Requests for review of Indonesian translations", "Requests for review of Interlingua translations", "Requests for review of Irish translations", "Requests for review of Manchu translations", "Requests for review of Old English translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)/2 syllables", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Ashkun translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dhivehi translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hausa translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ingrian translations", "Terms with Ingush translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kamkata-viri translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Kikai translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kunigami translations", "Terms with Ladin translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Low German translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Manchu translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maore Comorian translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Maranao translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Miyako translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Northern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Okinawan translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Old Irish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Pijin translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Southern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Southern Ohlone translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tokunoshima translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Waigali translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Yaeyama translations", "Terms with Yonaguni translations", "Terms with Yoron translations", "en:Time"], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "Inherited"}, "expansion": "Inherited", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore", "4": "", "5": "", "g": "", "g2": "", "g3": "", "id": "", "lit": "", "nocat": "", "pos": "", "sc": "", "sort": "", "tr": "", "ts": ""}, "expansion": "Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore"}, "expansion": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh+"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "beforan"}, "expansion": "Old English beforan", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*furai"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *furai", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*per-", "4": "", "5": "front"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "befoar", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds-de", "2": "bevör", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German Low German bevör (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "bevor", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German bevor (“before”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore, from Old English beforan, from be- + foran (“before”), from fore, from Proto-Germanic *furai, from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”), German Low German bevör (“before”), German bevor (“before”).", "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "prepositions", "head": ""}, "expansion": "before", "name": "head"}, {"args": {}, "expansion": "before", "name": "en-prep"}], "hyphenation": ["be‧fore"], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "prep", "senses": [{"antonyms": [{"word": "after"}, {"word": "later than"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "I want this done before Monday.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter V, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:", "text": "We made an odd party before the arrival of the Ten, particularly when the Celebrity dropped in for lunch or dinner.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Earlier than (in time)."], "synonyms": [{"word": "by"}, {"word": "no later than"}, {"word": "previous to"}, {"word": "prior to"}, {"word": "ere"}]}, {"antonyms": [{"word": "behind"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "He stood before me.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "We sat before the fire to warm ourselves.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book XII”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:", "text": "His angel, who shall go / Before them in a cloud and pillar of fire.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1909, Archibald Marshall [pseudonym; Arthur Hammond Marshall], chapter I, in The Squire’s Daughter, New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead and Company, published 1919, →OCLC:", "text": "He tried to persuade Cicely to stay away from the ball-room for a fourth dance.[…]But she said she must go back, and when they joined the crowd again[…]she found her mother standing up before the seat on which she had sat all the evening searching anxiously for her with her eyes, and her father by her side.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2013 September-October, Henry Petroski, “The Evolution of Eyeglasses”, in American Scientist:", "text": "The ability of a segment of a glass sphere to magnify whatever is placed before it was known around the year 1000, when the spherical segment was called a reading stone, essentially what today we might term a frameless magnifying glass or plain glass paperweight.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["In front of in space."], "synonyms": [{"word": "ahead of"}, {"word": "in front of"}]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "He performed before the troops in North Africa.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "He spoke before a joint session of Congress.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["In the presence of."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "The case laid before the panel aroused nothing but ridicule.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1726, John Ayliffe, Parergon Juris Canonici Anglicani:", "text": "If a suit be begun before an archdeacon[…]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Under consideration, judgment, authority of (someone)."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "Your whole life is before you.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1831, Thomas Carlyle, “The Phœnix”, in Sartor Resartus: The Life and Opinions of Herr Teufelsdröckh. […], London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC, 3rd book, page 164:", "text": "The golden age[…]is before us.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1905, Lord Dunsany [i.e., Edward Plunkett, 18th Baron of Dunsany], The Gods of Pegāna, London: [Charles] Elkin Mathews, […], →OCLC, page 76:", "text": "There is an Eternity behind thee as well as one before. Hast thou bewailed the aeons that passed without thee, who art so much afraid of the aeons that shall pass?", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["In store for, in the future of (someone)."]}, {"antonyms": [{"word": "after"}], "categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "In alphabetical order, \"cat\" comes before \"dog\", \"canine\" before feline\".", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["In front of, according to a formal system of ordering items."], "synonyms": [{"word": "ahead of"}]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "An entrepreneur puts market share and profit before quality, and amateur intrinsic qualities before economical considerations.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, John 1:15:", "text": "He that cometh after me is preferred before me.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["At a higher or greater position than, in a ranking."]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "bĭfôʹ", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfɔː/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "bəfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bēfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bəˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/biˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfōrʹ", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfo(ː)ɹ/", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoə/", "note": "non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"audio": "en-us-before.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg/En-us-before.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɔː(ɹ)"}], "synonyms": [{"word": "befo"}, {"english": "African-American Vernacular", "tags": ["pronunciation-spelling"], "word": "befo'"}, {"word": "b4"}, {"tags": ["Internet"], "word": "be4"}], "translations": [{"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "para"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qabla", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "قَبْلَ"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔabl", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic"], "word": "قبل"}, {"code": "acw", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "gabil", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Hijazi-Arabic"], "word": "قَبل"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qbal", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "قبل"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙaǰ", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "առաջ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "minčʻew", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "մինչեւ"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nãnti"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ninti (roa-rup)"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nãinti"}, {"code": "ask", "lang": "Ashkun", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nustāri"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "qabaq"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "əvvəl"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "irəli"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "elek", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "элек"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "boron", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "борон"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "alda", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "алда"}, {"code": "eu", "lang": "Basque", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "baino lehen"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "da", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "да"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pjérad", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пе́рад"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predi", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "преди"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "abans de"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "abans que"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...yǐqián", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...以前"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...zhīqián", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...之前"}, {"code": "kw", "lang": "Cornish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "kyns"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "aldı"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "aldında"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "před"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "før"}, {"code": "dv", "lang": "Dhivehi", "roman": "is", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "އިސް"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "voordat"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antaŭ"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "aikaisemmin"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "varhemmin"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avant que"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣in", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "წინ"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣inat", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "წინათ"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "-mde", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "-მდე"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "uc̣in", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "უწინ"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "prin", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "πριν"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "pró", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "πρό"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lif'nei", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "לִפְנֵי"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "... se pahle", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "... से पहले"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "előtt"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "áður"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "fyrr"}, {"code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "roimh"}, {"code": "sga", "lang": "Old Irish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ré"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "prima"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "innanzi"}, {"alt": "...のまえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "...no mae ni", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...の前に"}, {"code": "bsh", "lang": "Kamkata-vari", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nūštař"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "kzg", "lang": "Kikai", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ijeone", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "이전에"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "jeone", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "전에"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "xug", "lang": "Kunigami", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "kmr", "lang": "Northern Kurdish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "berî"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["with-accusative"], "word": "ante"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "beför"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "fördem"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "fördęm"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "er"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "qabel"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "mua"}, {"code": "mrw", "lang": "Maranao", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "mona"}, {"code": "mr", "lang": "Marathi", "roman": "...-cyā agodar", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...-च्या अगोदर"}, {"code": "mr", "lang": "Marathi", "roman": "...-cyā ādhī", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...-च्या आधी"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "mvi", "lang": "Miyako", "roman": "mai", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "ömnö", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "өмнө"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Guernsey"], "word": "d'vànt qué"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ryn", "lang": "Northern Amami Ōshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "før"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "innen"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ryu", "lang": "Okinawan", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "cu", "lang": "Church Slavic", "roman": "prědŭ", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "прѣдъ"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ǣr"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "qabl", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "قبل"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "piš az", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "پیش از"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "qabl az", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "قبل از"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "nim"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "înainte"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "anterior"}, {"code": "rm", "lang": "Romansch", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "do", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "до"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "préžde", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пре́жде"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["archaic", "poetic"], "word": "пред"}, {"code": "sco", "lang": "Scots", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "afore"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "prije"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pre"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "прије"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пре"}, {"code": "si", "lang": "Sinhalese", "roman": "issara", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ඉස්සර"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pśed"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ams", "lang": "Southern Amami Ōshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "css", "lang": "Southern Ohlone", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "chien"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antes que"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "kabla ya"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "före"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "innan"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "förut"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundu", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ముందు"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundugāla", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ముందుగాల"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "gɔ̀ɔn", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ก่อน"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "tkn", "lang": "Tokunoshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "önce"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "do", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "до"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "ur", "lang": "Urdu", "roman": "... se pahle", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "... سے پہلے"}, {"code": "vec", "lang": "Venetan", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avanti"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "trước khi"}, {"code": "wbk", "lang": "Waigali", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nūst"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "divant"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "divant ki"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "cyn"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "o flaen"}, {"code": "fy", "lang": "West Frisian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "foar"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "rys", "lang": "Yaeyama", "roman": "mai", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "yoi", "lang": "Yonaguni", "roman": "mai", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "yox", "lang": "Yoron", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "para"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qabla", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "قَبْلَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔamāma", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "أَمَامَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "quddāma", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "قُدَّامَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "bayna yaday", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "بَيْنَ يَدَيْ"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "quddām", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "قدام"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qbāla", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "قبالة"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙǰew", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "առջև"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙǰewum", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "առջևում"}, {"code": "ask", "lang": "Ashkun", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "nustāri"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "note": "when specific object is specified", "roman": "aldında", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "алдында"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "note": "when no specific object is specified", "roman": "alda", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "алда"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pjérad", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пе́рад"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "rag"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "rak"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "davant"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...yǐqián", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "...以前"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...zhīqián", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "...之前"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "před"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "vóór"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "antaŭ"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "edessä"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "devant"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣in", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "წინ"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "got", "lang": "Gothic", "roman": "faur", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "brostá se", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "μπροστά σε"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "brostá apó", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "μπροστά από"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "enṓpion", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "ἐνώπιον"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "émprosthen", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "ἔμπροσθεν"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lifnéi", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "לִפְנֵי"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "előtt"}, {"code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "avan"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "di depan"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ees"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "os comhair"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "os coinne"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "davanti"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "innanzi"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "di fronte"}, {"alt": "...のまえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "...no mae ni", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "...の前に"}, {"code": "bsh", "lang": "Kamkata-vari", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "nūštař"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "kzg", "lang": "Kikai", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ape", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "앞에"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "xug", "lang": "Kunigami", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "pêş", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "پێش"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "prō"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "prae"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "di depan"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munnil", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "മുന്നിൽ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpil", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "മുമ്പിൽ"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "quddiem"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "qabel"}, {"code": "swb", "lang": "Maore Comorian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "mbeli za"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "mua"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "mvi", "lang": "Miyako", "roman": "mai", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Guernsey"], "word": "d'vànt"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Jersey"], "word": "d'vant"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "føre"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "framanfor"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ryu", "lang": "Okinawan", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "cu", "lang": "Church Slavic", "roman": "prědŭ", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "прѣдъ"}, {"code": "pis", "lang": "Pijin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "bifoa"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "em frente a"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "na frente de"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "diante de"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "înainte"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "în față"}, {"code": "rm", "lang": "Romansch", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["archaic", "poetic"], "word": "пред"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pśed"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ams", "lang": "Southern Amami Ōshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "frente a"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "enfrente de"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "mbele ya"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "före"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "inför"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundu", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ముందు"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "edara", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ఎదర"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "tkn", "lang": "Tokunoshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "đằng trước"}, {"code": "wbk", "lang": "Waigali", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "nūst"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "divant"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "o flaen"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "yng ngŵydd"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "rys", "lang": "Yaeyama", "roman": "mai", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "yoi", "lang": "Yonaguni", "roman": "mai", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "yox", "lang": "Yoron", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in the presence of", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in the presence of", "word": "os coinne"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in the presence of", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ape", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "앞에"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "för"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "faoi bhráid"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "os comhair"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qabla", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "قَبْلَ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙaǰ", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "առաջ"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "qabaq"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "ala", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ала"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "abans"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...yǐqián", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "...以前"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...zhīqián", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "...之前"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "před"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "før"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "inden"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "-mde", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "-მდე"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lif'nei", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "לִפְנֵי"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "roimh"}, {"alt": "...のまえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "...no mae ni", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "...の前に"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ape", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "앞에"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "pêş", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "پێش"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "för"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "pśed"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "före"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundu", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ముందు"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "đằng trước"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "o flaen"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "vóór"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "antaŭ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "før"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "nad"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "awali"}], "word": "before"}
before (prep) before/English/prep: invalid uppercase tag Egyptian-Arabic not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English adverbs", "English conjunctions", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English prepositions", "English sequence adverbs", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English uncomparable adverbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Requests for native script for Manchu terms", "Requests for review of Breton translations", "Requests for review of Ido translations", "Requests for review of Indonesian translations", "Requests for review of Interlingua translations", "Requests for review of Irish translations", "Requests for review of Manchu translations", "Requests for review of Old English translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)/2 syllables", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Ashkun translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dhivehi translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hausa translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ingrian translations", "Terms with Ingush translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kamkata-viri translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Kikai translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kunigami translations", "Terms with Ladin translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Low German translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Manchu translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maore Comorian translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Maranao translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Miyako translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Northern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Okinawan translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Old Irish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Pijin translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Southern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Southern Ohlone translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tokunoshima translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Waigali translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Yaeyama translations", "Terms with Yonaguni translations", "Terms with Yoron translations", "en:Time"], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "Inherited"}, "expansion": "Inherited", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore", "4": "", "5": "", "g": "", "g2": "", "g3": "", "id": "", "lit": "", "nocat": "", "pos": "", "sc": "", "sort": "", "tr": "", "ts": ""}, "expansion": "Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore"}, "expansion": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh+"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "beforan"}, "expansion": "Old English beforan", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*furai"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *furai", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*per-", "4": "", "5": "front"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "befoar", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds-de", "2": "bevör", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German Low German bevör (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "bevor", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German bevor (“before”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore, from Old English beforan, from be- + foran (“before”), from fore, from Proto-Germanic *furai, from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”), German Low German bevör (“before”), German bevor (“before”).", "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "prepositions", "head": ""}, "expansion": "before", "name": "head"}, {"args": {}, "expansion": "before", "name": "en-prep"}], "hyphenation": ["be‧fore"], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "prep", "senses": [{"antonyms": [{"word": "after"}, {"word": "later than"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "I want this done before Monday.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter V, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:", "text": "We made an odd party before the arrival of the Ten, particularly when the Celebrity dropped in for lunch or dinner.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Earlier than (in time)."], "synonyms": [{"word": "by"}, {"word": "no later than"}, {"word": "previous to"}, {"word": "prior to"}, {"word": "ere"}]}, {"antonyms": [{"word": "behind"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "He stood before me.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "We sat before the fire to warm ourselves.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book XII”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:", "text": "His angel, who shall go / Before them in a cloud and pillar of fire.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1909, Archibald Marshall [pseudonym; Arthur Hammond Marshall], chapter I, in The Squire’s Daughter, New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead and Company, published 1919, →OCLC:", "text": "He tried to persuade Cicely to stay away from the ball-room for a fourth dance.[…]But she said she must go back, and when they joined the crowd again[…]she found her mother standing up before the seat on which she had sat all the evening searching anxiously for her with her eyes, and her father by her side.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2013 September-October, Henry Petroski, “The Evolution of Eyeglasses”, in American Scientist:", "text": "The ability of a segment of a glass sphere to magnify whatever is placed before it was known around the year 1000, when the spherical segment was called a reading stone, essentially what today we might term a frameless magnifying glass or plain glass paperweight.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["In front of in space."], "synonyms": [{"word": "ahead of"}, {"word": "in front of"}]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "He performed before the troops in North Africa.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "He spoke before a joint session of Congress.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["In the presence of."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "The case laid before the panel aroused nothing but ridicule.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1726, John Ayliffe, Parergon Juris Canonici Anglicani:", "text": "If a suit be begun before an archdeacon[…]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Under consideration, judgment, authority of (someone)."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "Your whole life is before you.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1831, Thomas Carlyle, “The Phœnix”, in Sartor Resartus: The Life and Opinions of Herr Teufelsdröckh. […], London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC, 3rd book, page 164:", "text": "The golden age[…]is before us.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1905, Lord Dunsany [i.e., Edward Plunkett, 18th Baron of Dunsany], The Gods of Pegāna, London: [Charles] Elkin Mathews, […], →OCLC, page 76:", "text": "There is an Eternity behind thee as well as one before. Hast thou bewailed the aeons that passed without thee, who art so much afraid of the aeons that shall pass?", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["In store for, in the future of (someone)."]}, {"antonyms": [{"word": "after"}], "categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "In alphabetical order, \"cat\" comes before \"dog\", \"canine\" before feline\".", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["In front of, according to a formal system of ordering items."], "synonyms": [{"word": "ahead of"}]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "An entrepreneur puts market share and profit before quality, and amateur intrinsic qualities before economical considerations.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, John 1:15:", "text": "He that cometh after me is preferred before me.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["At a higher or greater position than, in a ranking."]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "bĭfôʹ", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfɔː/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "bəfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bēfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bəˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/biˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfōrʹ", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfo(ː)ɹ/", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoə/", "note": "non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"audio": "en-us-before.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg/En-us-before.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɔː(ɹ)"}], "synonyms": [{"word": "befo"}, {"english": "African-American Vernacular", "tags": ["pronunciation-spelling"], "word": "befo'"}, {"word": "b4"}, {"tags": ["Internet"], "word": "be4"}], "translations": [{"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "para"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qabla", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "قَبْلَ"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔabl", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic"], "word": "قبل"}, {"code": "acw", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "gabil", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Hijazi-Arabic"], "word": "قَبل"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qbal", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "قبل"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙaǰ", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "առաջ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "minčʻew", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "մինչեւ"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nãnti"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ninti (roa-rup)"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nãinti"}, {"code": "ask", "lang": "Ashkun", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nustāri"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "qabaq"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "əvvəl"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "irəli"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "elek", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "элек"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "boron", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "борон"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "alda", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "алда"}, {"code": "eu", "lang": "Basque", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "baino lehen"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "da", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "да"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pjérad", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пе́рад"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predi", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "преди"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "abans de"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "abans que"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...yǐqián", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...以前"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...zhīqián", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...之前"}, {"code": "kw", "lang": "Cornish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "kyns"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "aldı"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "aldında"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "před"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "før"}, {"code": "dv", "lang": "Dhivehi", "roman": "is", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "އިސް"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "voordat"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antaŭ"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "aikaisemmin"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "varhemmin"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avant que"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣in", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "წინ"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣inat", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "წინათ"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "-mde", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "-მდე"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "uc̣in", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "უწინ"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "prin", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "πριν"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "pró", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "πρό"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lif'nei", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "לִפְנֵי"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "... se pahle", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "... से पहले"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "előtt"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "áður"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "fyrr"}, {"code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "roimh"}, {"code": "sga", "lang": "Old Irish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ré"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "prima"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "innanzi"}, {"alt": "...のまえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "...no mae ni", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...の前に"}, {"code": "bsh", "lang": "Kamkata-vari", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nūštař"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "kzg", "lang": "Kikai", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ijeone", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "이전에"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "jeone", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "전에"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "xug", "lang": "Kunigami", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "kmr", "lang": "Northern Kurdish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "berî"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["with-accusative"], "word": "ante"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "beför"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "fördem"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "fördęm"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "er"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "qabel"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "mua"}, {"code": "mrw", "lang": "Maranao", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "mona"}, {"code": "mr", "lang": "Marathi", "roman": "...-cyā agodar", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...-च्या अगोदर"}, {"code": "mr", "lang": "Marathi", "roman": "...-cyā ādhī", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...-च्या आधी"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "mvi", "lang": "Miyako", "roman": "mai", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "ömnö", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "өмнө"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Guernsey"], "word": "d'vànt qué"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ryn", "lang": "Northern Amami Ōshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "før"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "innen"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ryu", "lang": "Okinawan", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "cu", "lang": "Church Slavic", "roman": "prědŭ", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "прѣдъ"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ǣr"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "qabl", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "قبل"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "piš az", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "پیش از"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "qabl az", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "قبل از"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "nim"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "înainte"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "anterior"}, {"code": "rm", "lang": "Romansch", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "do", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "до"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "préžde", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пре́жде"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["archaic", "poetic"], "word": "пред"}, {"code": "sco", "lang": "Scots", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "afore"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "prije"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pre"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "прије"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пре"}, {"code": "si", "lang": "Sinhalese", "roman": "issara", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ඉස්සර"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pśed"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ams", "lang": "Southern Amami Ōshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "css", "lang": "Southern Ohlone", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "chien"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antes que"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "kabla ya"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "före"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "innan"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "förut"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundu", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ముందు"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundugāla", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ముందుగాల"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "gɔ̀ɔn", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ก่อน"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "tkn", "lang": "Tokunoshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "önce"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "do", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "до"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "ur", "lang": "Urdu", "roman": "... se pahle", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "... سے پہلے"}, {"code": "vec", "lang": "Venetan", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avanti"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "trước khi"}, {"code": "wbk", "lang": "Waigali", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nūst"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "divant"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "divant ki"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "cyn"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "o flaen"}, {"code": "fy", "lang": "West Frisian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "foar"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "rys", "lang": "Yaeyama", "roman": "mai", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "yoi", "lang": "Yonaguni", "roman": "mai", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "yox", "lang": "Yoron", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "para"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qabla", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "قَبْلَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔamāma", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "أَمَامَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "quddāma", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "قُدَّامَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "bayna yaday", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "بَيْنَ يَدَيْ"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "quddām", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "قدام"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qbāla", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "قبالة"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙǰew", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "առջև"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙǰewum", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "առջևում"}, {"code": "ask", "lang": "Ashkun", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "nustāri"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "note": "when specific object is specified", "roman": "aldında", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "алдында"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "note": "when no specific object is specified", "roman": "alda", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "алда"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pjérad", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пе́рад"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "rag"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "rak"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "davant"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...yǐqián", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "...以前"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...zhīqián", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "...之前"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "před"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "vóór"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "antaŭ"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "edessä"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "devant"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣in", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "წინ"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "got", "lang": "Gothic", "roman": "faur", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "brostá se", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "μπροστά σε"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "brostá apó", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "μπροστά από"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "enṓpion", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "ἐνώπιον"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "émprosthen", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "ἔμπροσθεν"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lifnéi", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "לִפְנֵי"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "előtt"}, {"code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "avan"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "di depan"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ees"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "os comhair"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "os coinne"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "davanti"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "innanzi"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "di fronte"}, {"alt": "...のまえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "...no mae ni", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "...の前に"}, {"code": "bsh", "lang": "Kamkata-vari", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "nūštař"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "kzg", "lang": "Kikai", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ape", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "앞에"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "xug", "lang": "Kunigami", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "pêş", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "پێش"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "prō"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "prae"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "di depan"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munnil", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "മുന്നിൽ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpil", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "മുമ്പിൽ"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "quddiem"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "qabel"}, {"code": "swb", "lang": "Maore Comorian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "mbeli za"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "mua"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "mvi", "lang": "Miyako", "roman": "mai", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Guernsey"], "word": "d'vànt"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Jersey"], "word": "d'vant"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "føre"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "framanfor"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ryu", "lang": "Okinawan", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "cu", "lang": "Church Slavic", "roman": "prědŭ", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "прѣдъ"}, {"code": "pis", "lang": "Pijin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "bifoa"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "em frente a"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "na frente de"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "diante de"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "înainte"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "în față"}, {"code": "rm", "lang": "Romansch", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["archaic", "poetic"], "word": "пред"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pśed"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ams", "lang": "Southern Amami Ōshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "frente a"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "enfrente de"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "mbele ya"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "före"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "inför"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundu", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ముందు"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "edara", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ఎదర"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "tkn", "lang": "Tokunoshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "đằng trước"}, {"code": "wbk", "lang": "Waigali", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "nūst"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "divant"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "o flaen"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "yng ngŵydd"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "rys", "lang": "Yaeyama", "roman": "mai", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "yoi", "lang": "Yonaguni", "roman": "mai", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "yox", "lang": "Yoron", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in the presence of", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in the presence of", "word": "os coinne"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in the presence of", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ape", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "앞에"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "för"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "faoi bhráid"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "os comhair"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qabla", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "قَبْلَ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙaǰ", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "առաջ"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "qabaq"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "ala", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ала"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "abans"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...yǐqián", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "...以前"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...zhīqián", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "...之前"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "před"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "før"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "inden"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "-mde", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "-მდე"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lif'nei", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "לִפְנֵי"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "roimh"}, {"alt": "...のまえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "...no mae ni", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "...の前に"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ape", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "앞에"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "pêş", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "پێش"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "för"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "pśed"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "före"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundu", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ముందు"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "đằng trước"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "o flaen"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "vóór"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "antaŭ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "før"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "nad"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "awali"}], "word": "before"}
before (prep) before/English/prep: invalid uppercase tag Hijazi-Arabic not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English adverbs", "English conjunctions", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English prepositions", "English sequence adverbs", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English uncomparable adverbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Requests for native script for Manchu terms", "Requests for review of Breton translations", "Requests for review of Ido translations", "Requests for review of Indonesian translations", "Requests for review of Interlingua translations", "Requests for review of Irish translations", "Requests for review of Manchu translations", "Requests for review of Old English translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)/2 syllables", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Ashkun translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dhivehi translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hausa translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ingrian translations", "Terms with Ingush translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kamkata-viri translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Kikai translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kunigami translations", "Terms with Ladin translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Low German translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Manchu translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maore Comorian translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Maranao translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Miyako translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Northern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Okinawan translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Old Irish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Pijin translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Southern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Southern Ohlone translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tokunoshima translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Waigali translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Yaeyama translations", "Terms with Yonaguni translations", "Terms with Yoron translations", "en:Time"], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "Inherited"}, "expansion": "Inherited", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore", "4": "", "5": "", "g": "", "g2": "", "g3": "", "id": "", "lit": "", "nocat": "", "pos": "", "sc": "", "sort": "", "tr": "", "ts": ""}, "expansion": "Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore"}, "expansion": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh+"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "beforan"}, "expansion": "Old English beforan", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*furai"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *furai", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*per-", "4": "", "5": "front"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "befoar", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds-de", "2": "bevör", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German Low German bevör (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "bevor", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German bevor (“before”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore, from Old English beforan, from be- + foran (“before”), from fore, from Proto-Germanic *furai, from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”), German Low German bevör (“before”), German bevor (“before”).", "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "prepositions", "head": ""}, "expansion": "before", "name": "head"}, {"args": {}, "expansion": "before", "name": "en-prep"}], "hyphenation": ["be‧fore"], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "prep", "senses": [{"antonyms": [{"word": "after"}, {"word": "later than"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "I want this done before Monday.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter V, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:", "text": "We made an odd party before the arrival of the Ten, particularly when the Celebrity dropped in for lunch or dinner.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Earlier than (in time)."], "synonyms": [{"word": "by"}, {"word": "no later than"}, {"word": "previous to"}, {"word": "prior to"}, {"word": "ere"}]}, {"antonyms": [{"word": "behind"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "He stood before me.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "We sat before the fire to warm ourselves.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book XII”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:", "text": "His angel, who shall go / Before them in a cloud and pillar of fire.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1909, Archibald Marshall [pseudonym; Arthur Hammond Marshall], chapter I, in The Squire’s Daughter, New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead and Company, published 1919, →OCLC:", "text": "He tried to persuade Cicely to stay away from the ball-room for a fourth dance.[…]But she said she must go back, and when they joined the crowd again[…]she found her mother standing up before the seat on which she had sat all the evening searching anxiously for her with her eyes, and her father by her side.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "2013 September-October, Henry Petroski, “The Evolution of Eyeglasses”, in American Scientist:", "text": "The ability of a segment of a glass sphere to magnify whatever is placed before it was known around the year 1000, when the spherical segment was called a reading stone, essentially what today we might term a frameless magnifying glass or plain glass paperweight.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["In front of in space."], "synonyms": [{"word": "ahead of"}, {"word": "in front of"}]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "He performed before the troops in North Africa.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "He spoke before a joint session of Congress.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["In the presence of."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"text": "The case laid before the panel aroused nothing but ridicule.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1726, John Ayliffe, Parergon Juris Canonici Anglicani:", "text": "If a suit be begun before an archdeacon[…]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Under consideration, judgment, authority of (someone)."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "Your whole life is before you.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1831, Thomas Carlyle, “The Phœnix”, in Sartor Resartus: The Life and Opinions of Herr Teufelsdröckh. […], London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC, 3rd book, page 164:", "text": "The golden age[…]is before us.", "type": "quote"}, {"ref": "1905, Lord Dunsany [i.e., Edward Plunkett, 18th Baron of Dunsany], The Gods of Pegāna, London: [Charles] Elkin Mathews, […], →OCLC, page 76:", "text": "There is an Eternity behind thee as well as one before. Hast thou bewailed the aeons that passed without thee, who art so much afraid of the aeons that shall pass?", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["In store for, in the future of (someone)."]}, {"antonyms": [{"word": "after"}], "categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "In alphabetical order, \"cat\" comes before \"dog\", \"canine\" before feline\".", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["In front of, according to a formal system of ordering items."], "synonyms": [{"word": "ahead of"}]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "An entrepreneur puts market share and profit before quality, and amateur intrinsic qualities before economical considerations.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, John 1:15:", "text": "He that cometh after me is preferred before me.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["At a higher or greater position than, in a ranking."]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "bĭfôʹ", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfɔː/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "bəfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bēfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bəˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/biˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfōrʹ", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfo(ː)ɹ/", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoə/", "note": "non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"audio": "en-us-before.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg/En-us-before.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɔː(ɹ)"}], "synonyms": [{"word": "befo"}, {"english": "African-American Vernacular", "tags": ["pronunciation-spelling"], "word": "befo'"}, {"word": "b4"}, {"tags": ["Internet"], "word": "be4"}], "translations": [{"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "para"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qabla", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "قَبْلَ"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔabl", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic"], "word": "قبل"}, {"code": "acw", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "gabil", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Hijazi-Arabic"], "word": "قَبل"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qbal", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "قبل"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙaǰ", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "առաջ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "minčʻew", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "մինչեւ"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nãnti"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ninti (roa-rup)"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nãinti"}, {"code": "ask", "lang": "Ashkun", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nustāri"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "qabaq"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "əvvəl"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "irəli"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "elek", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "элек"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "boron", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "борон"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "alda", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "алда"}, {"code": "eu", "lang": "Basque", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "baino lehen"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "da", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "да"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pjérad", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пе́рад"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predi", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "преди"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "abans de"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "abans que"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...yǐqián", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...以前"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...zhīqián", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...之前"}, {"code": "kw", "lang": "Cornish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "kyns"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "aldı"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "aldında"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "před"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "før"}, {"code": "dv", "lang": "Dhivehi", "roman": "is", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "އިސް"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "voordat"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antaŭ"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "aikaisemmin"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "varhemmin"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avant que"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣in", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "წინ"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣inat", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "წინათ"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "-mde", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "-მდე"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "uc̣in", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "უწინ"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "prin", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "πριν"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "pró", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "πρό"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lif'nei", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "לִפְנֵי"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "... se pahle", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "... से पहले"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "előtt"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "áður"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "fyrr"}, {"code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "roimh"}, {"code": "sga", "lang": "Old Irish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ré"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "prima"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "innanzi"}, {"alt": "...のまえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "...no mae ni", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...の前に"}, {"code": "bsh", "lang": "Kamkata-vari", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nūštař"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "kzg", "lang": "Kikai", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ijeone", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "이전에"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "jeone", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "전에"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "xug", "lang": "Kunigami", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "kmr", "lang": "Northern Kurdish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "berî"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["with-accusative"], "word": "ante"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "beför"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "fördem"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "fördęm"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "er"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "qabel"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "mua"}, {"code": "mrw", "lang": "Maranao", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "mona"}, {"code": "mr", "lang": "Marathi", "roman": "...-cyā agodar", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...-च्या अगोदर"}, {"code": "mr", "lang": "Marathi", "roman": "...-cyā ādhī", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "...-च्या आधी"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "mvi", "lang": "Miyako", "roman": "mai", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "ömnö", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "өмнө"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Guernsey"], "word": "d'vànt qué"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ryn", "lang": "Northern Amami Ōshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "før"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "innen"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ryu", "lang": "Okinawan", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "cu", "lang": "Church Slavic", "roman": "prědŭ", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "прѣдъ"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ǣr"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "qabl", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "قبل"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "piš az", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "پیش از"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "qabl az", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "قبل از"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "nim"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "înainte"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "anterior"}, {"code": "rm", "lang": "Romansch", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "do", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "до"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "préžde", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пре́жде"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "earlier than", "tags": ["archaic", "poetic"], "word": "пред"}, {"code": "sco", "lang": "Scots", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "afore"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "prije"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pre"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "прије"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пре"}, {"code": "si", "lang": "Sinhalese", "roman": "issara", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ඉස්සර"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "pśed"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ams", "lang": "Southern Amami Ōshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "css", "lang": "Southern Ohlone", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "chien"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "antes que"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "kabla ya"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "före"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "innan"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "förut"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundu", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ముందు"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundugāla", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ముందుగాల"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "gɔ̀ɔn", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "ก่อน"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "tkn", "lang": "Tokunoshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "önce"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "do", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "до"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "ur", "lang": "Urdu", "roman": "... se pahle", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "... سے پہلے"}, {"code": "vec", "lang": "Venetan", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "avanti"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "trước khi"}, {"code": "wbk", "lang": "Waigali", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "nūst"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "divant"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "note": "+ clause", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "divant ki"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "cyn"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "o flaen"}, {"code": "fy", "lang": "West Frisian", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "foar"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "rys", "lang": "Yaeyama", "roman": "mai", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "yoi", "lang": "Yonaguni", "roman": "mai", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "yox", "lang": "Yoron", "roman": "mē", "sense": "earlier than", "word": "前"}, {"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "para"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qabla", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "قَبْلَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔamāma", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "أَمَامَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "quddāma", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "قُدَّامَ"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "bayna yaday", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "بَيْنَ يَدَيْ"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "quddām", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "قدام"}, {"code": "ary", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qbāla", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Moroccan-Arabic"], "word": "قبالة"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙǰew", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "առջև"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙǰewum", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "առջևում"}, {"code": "ask", "lang": "Ashkun", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "nustāri"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "note": "when specific object is specified", "roman": "aldında", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "алдында"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "note": "when no specific object is specified", "roman": "alda", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "алда"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "pjérad", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пе́рад"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "rag"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "rak"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "davant"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...yǐqián", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "...以前"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...zhīqián", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "...之前"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "před"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "vóór"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "antaŭ"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "edessä"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "devant"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣in", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "წინ"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "got", "lang": "Gothic", "roman": "faur", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "brostá se", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "μπροστά σε"}, {"code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "brostá apó", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "μπροστά από"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "enṓpion", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "ἐνώπιον"}, {"code": "grc", "lang": "Ancient Greek", "roman": "émprosthen", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["with-genitive"], "word": "ἔμπροσθεν"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lifnéi", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "לִפְנֵי"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "előtt"}, {"code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "avan"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "di depan"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ees"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "os comhair"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "os coinne"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "davanti"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "innanzi"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "di fronte"}, {"alt": "...のまえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "...no mae ni", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "...の前に"}, {"code": "bsh", "lang": "Kamkata-vari", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "nūštař"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "kzg", "lang": "Kikai", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ape", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "앞에"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "xug", "lang": "Kunigami", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "pêş", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "پێش"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "prō"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "prae"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "di depan"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munnil", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "മുന്നിൽ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpil", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "മുമ്പിൽ"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "quddiem"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "qabel"}, {"code": "swb", "lang": "Maore Comorian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "mbeli za"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "mua"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "mvi", "lang": "Miyako", "roman": "mai", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Guernsey"], "word": "d'vànt"}, {"code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Jersey"], "word": "d'vant"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "føre"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "framanfor"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ryu", "lang": "Okinawan", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "cu", "lang": "Church Slavic", "roman": "prědŭ", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "прѣдъ"}, {"code": "pis", "lang": "Pijin", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "bifoa"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "em frente a"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "na frente de"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "diante de"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "înainte"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "în față"}, {"code": "rm", "lang": "Romansch", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of in space", "tags": ["archaic", "poetic"], "word": "пред"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "pśed"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "ams", "lang": "Southern Amami Ōshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "frente a"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "enfrente de"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "mbele ya"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "före"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "inför"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundu", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ముందు"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "edara", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "ఎదర"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "tkn", "lang": "Tokunoshima", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "đằng trước"}, {"code": "wbk", "lang": "Waigali", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "nūst"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "divant"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "o flaen"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "yng ngŵydd"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "rys", "lang": "Yaeyama", "roman": "mai", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "まい", "code": "yoi", "lang": "Yonaguni", "roman": "mai", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"alt": "めー", "code": "yox", "lang": "Yoron", "roman": "mē", "sense": "in front of in space", "word": "前"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in the presence of", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in the presence of", "word": "os coinne"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in the presence of", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ape", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "앞에"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "för"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in store for, in the future of", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "faoi bhráid"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "os comhair"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "under consideration, judgment, authority of", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qabla", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "قَبْلَ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙaǰ", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "առաջ"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "qabaq"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "ala", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ала"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "abans"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...yǐqián", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "...以前"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "...zhīqián", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "...之前"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "před"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "før"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "inden"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "voor"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "-mde", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "-მდე"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "vor"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lif'nei", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "לִפְנֵי"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "roimh"}, {"alt": "...のまえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "...no mae ni", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "...の前に"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "ape", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "앞에"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "pêş", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "پێش"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ante"}, {"code": "nds", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "för"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "sebelum"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "przed"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "péred", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "пе́ред"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "pred"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "pśed"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "antes de"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "före"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "mundu", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "ముందు"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "đằng trước"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "in front of according to an ordering system", "word": "o flaen"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "pred", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "пред"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "vóór"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "antaŭ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "før"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "foran"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "nad"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at a higher or greater position in a subjective ranking", "word": "awali"}], "word": "before"}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (1c4b89b and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.