Floy

Then he would turn his head, and watch the child away, and say to Florence, 'We don't want any others, do we? Kiss me, Floy.'

1846 October 1 – 1848 April 1, Charles Dickens, “Dombey and Son: Chapter 8”, in Dombey and Son, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1848, →OCLC:

A diminutive of the female given name Florence


Pirahã

/piːɹəˈhɑːn/

The Pirahã language challenges simplistic application of Hockett's nearly universally accepted design features of human language by showing that some of these features (interchangeability, displacement, and productivity) may be culturally constrained.

2005, Daniel Everett, “Cultural Constraints on Grammar and Cognition in Pirahã”, in Current Anthropology, section 46.4:

The language of this people, having no extant relatives, with few phonemes, and controversially claimed to have no true numbers, no way of talking about history, and no recursive embedding.


mute h

The French word homme ("man") begins by a mute h. Consequently we can say l'homme /l‿ɔm/ and les hommes /le‿zɔm/, but never /lə ɔm/ and /le ɔm/, like we do with the aspirated h.

Whether the h be a mute h or an aspirate h, it may be regarded in either case as absolutely silent.

1913, James Geddes, French Pronunciation, page 83:

In French initial h’s are called either mute h’s (the greatest number) or aspirate h’s (fewer in number, but frequent nonetheless).

1994, Thomas M. Donnan, French Lyric Diction, page 83:

The only difference between the two is that a mute h allows contractions and liaisons in front of it, and an aspirated h does not.

2006, Laura K. Lawless, The Everything French Grammar Book, page 29:

(phonology) In the French language usage of the letter h at the start of a word which allows liaison with a preceding consonant.


aspirated h

/ˈæspəɹeɪ̯tɪd eɪ̯tʃ/

Calque of French h aspiré. The aspirated h was pronounced /h/ until Early Modern French (and still is in some northern dialects), whereas the mute h had long been silent. The designation has been maintained although both kinds of h are now technically silent in standard French, but the aspirated h remains pronounced dialectally and in Norman French.

The French word héros ("hero") begins with an aspirated h. Consequently we say le héros /lə e.ʁo/ and les héros /le e.ʁo/, but never /l‿e.ʁo/ and /le‿ze.ʁo/ as we do with the mute h.

(French phonology) In the French language, usage of the letter h at the start of a word which does not allow liaison with a preceding consonant or elision of a preceding schwa.

h aspirada

in the French language usage of the letter h at the start of a word which does not allow liaison with a preceding consonant


paleocontact

ancient astronauts
ancient astronauts#English

The theory that intelligent extraterrestrial beings (sometimes called ancient astronauts) visited Earth in the distant past, influencing human culture, technology, or religion.


Old Babylonian

The Akkadian language spoken at that time.


Old Ukrainian

стараўкраінская

West Russian descendant of Old East Slavic - specific to Old Ukrainian


Old Icelandic

The Old Norse language as spoken and written in Iceland in the Middle Ages, quite similar to Old Norwegian, but differing most markedly in orthography and, to a lesser extent, in phonology.


Old Welsh

The Welsh language as it existed from about 800 until the early twelfth century (when it developed into Middle Welsh), not readily intelligible to modern Welsh speakers.


Old Swedish

The medieval form of the Swedish language, markedly different from the modern language in having more complex case and gender systems.


Old Norwegian

The Old Norse language as spoken and written in Norway in the Middle Ages.


Old Belarusian

старабелару́скі

West Russian descendant of Old East Slavic - specific to Old Belarusian


Pouyan

From Persian پویان (puyân, literally “runner, seeker, persistent”). It has the same root as in Pouya, Pooya. Common in Iran (Persia).

bor

پویان پویان#Persian

A transliteration of the Persian male given name پویان (puyân).


Oprah

From Oprah Winfrey, a very influential talk show host, originally named Orpah after the Biblical figure, via metathesis.

A female given name from Hebrew, of modern usage, variant of Orpah.


Alyshia

One of the modern variations of Alicia meaning of noble kind.

A female given name from the Germanic languages.


Trixie

A diminutive of the female given name Beatrix or Beatrice.


Natali

A fanciful respelling of female given name from Latin Natalie.


Ahhnold

Pronunciation spelling of Arnold, as pronounced in the Austrian accent of Arnold Schwarzenegger.

"He thinks he is Ahhnold." Everyone laughed at Anton's imitation of Arnold Schwarzenegger.

2003, Mary Pipher, The Middle of Everywhere: Helping Refugees Enter the American Community, page 182:

(informal, humorous) Arnold Schwarzenegger.


Nic

A diminutive of the female given name Nicola, Nichola, and Nicole.


Zeno

Via Latin Zēnō, from Ancient Greek Ζήνων (Zḗnōn), an ancient derivative of Ζεύς (Zeús), from Proto-Hellenic *dzéus, from Proto-Indo-European *dyḗws. Modern scientific and philosophical use derives from Zeno of Elea, poser of Zeno's paradoxes.


Marybeth

A female given name originating as a coinage.


Arfie

A diminutive of the male given name Arthur, from the Celtic languages.


Kimi

A diminutive of the female given name Kimberley, variant of Kimmy


Eliel

From Hebrew אֱלִיאֵל ('ĕlī'ēl, “El is my lord”).

(rare) A male given name from Hebrew of biblical origin.


Miko

A transliteration of a female given name from Japanese.


interdimensional

By their own mysterious yardstick, extraterrestrials and interdimensionals choose the most unlikely individuals for close encounters of the third kind on up: for starters Gilliland, Whitley Strieber, Jim Moroney, Betty and Barney Hill.

2012, Richard Grossinger, Dark Pool of Light, Volume Three: The Crisis and Future of Consciousness:

(science fiction) A hypothetical being that can move between dimensions.


Evadne

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Εὐάδνη (Euádnē).

A noble gentleman of Rhodes, on his marriage with Evadne, discovers' that the marriage had been brought about by the king, her paramour...

1837, Sir Richard Phillips, The Monthly Magazine, or, British Register, page 215:

"My dear boy," said Lady Adeline, "You mustn't call Mrs. Colquhoun by her Christian name." "Christian!" jeered Diavolo. "Now, that is a good one! There's nothing Christian about Evadne. - - - Evadne - classical Evadne - was noted for her devotion to her husband, and distinguished herself finally on his funeral pyre - she ex-pyred there."

1893, Sarah Grand, The Heavenly Twins, University of Michigan Press, published 1992, →ISBN, page 603:

'Unusual name, Evadne Platt.' 'You think so?' Barnaby could afford to sound superior.

1999, Caroline Graham, A Place of Safety, G. K. Hall, published 2000, →ISBN, page 192:


Lisu

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 傈僳 (Lìsù), 𤠫𤢂, etc.

There are more than a hundred such groups, including the Karen of Thailand and Burma; the Kachin in Burma; the Akha, the Lahu, and the Lisu in Thailand; the Hmong, the Kmhmu, and the Yao in Laos; and the Nùng and the Lati in Vietnam.

2011, Terry Miller, Sean Williams, The Garland Handbook of Southeast Asian Music, page 303:

A member of a Tibeto-Burman ethnic group inhabiting the mountainous regions of Yunnan (southwestern China), Arunachal Pradesh (northeastern India), northern Myanmar and Thailand.


Lisu

A tonal language spoken by the Lisu people.


Divya

From Sanskrit दिव्या (divyā́), feminine of दिव्य (divyá, “divine,charming, heavenly”).


Latin-American Spanish

Coordinate term: Peninsular Spanish

The continuum of standard forms of Spanish spoken in Latin America.


French Sign Language

Old French Sign Language
Old French Sign Language

A dactylological sign language used in seven different countries, based on Old French Sign Language. ISO 639-3 code: fsl.


Rihanna

From Arabic رَيْحَانَة (rayḥāna, singulative of رَيْحَان (rayḥān, “basil; myrtle”)).

singulative of <i class="Arab mention" lang="ar">رَيْحَان</i> (rayḥān, “basil; myrtle”)


Middle Irish

The Goidelic language spoken in Ireland, Scotland, and the Isle of Man from the 10th to the 12th century.


Thatcheresque

en-adj

Thatcheresque (comparative more Thatcheresque, superlative most Thatcheresque)

more Thatcheresque (comparative)
most Thatcheresque (superlative)

Reminiscent of Margaret Thatcher (1925–2013), former British prime minister, or her policies.


Yair

Transliteration of Hebrew יַאִיר, meaning "he will light up".

der

Hebrew יַאִיר


Kymber

(rare) A female given name from Old English.


Rastus

Thought to be derived from Erastus. Despite paucity of actual usage, the name became associated with African-American men because of a character in the first Uncle Remus book by Joel Chandler Harris.


Veluws

A Dutch Low Saxon dialect which is spoken on the Veluwe, usually divided into West Veluws and East Veluws, the former being more influenced by the neighboring Hollandian and Standard Dutch than the latter. (ISO 639-3 code: "vel".)


Erastus

From Ancient Greek ἐραστός (erastós, “lovable”).

uder

(rare) A male given name from Ancient Greek of biblical derivation.


Theckla

A female given name from Ancient Greek, variant of Thecla.


Thecla

From the name of an apocryphal early Christian martyr, Ancient Greek Θεοκλεία (Theokleía), (from θεός (theós, “god”) + κλέος (kléos, “glory”)).


Motswana

He said very carefully, ‘Most of the time we Batswana live in the wilderness and loneliness.’

1969, Bessie Head, When Rain Clouds Gather, Heinemann, published 1995, page 15:

The Minister who piloted it through Parliament, the Honourable Phandu Skelemani, swore that if any Motswana were to suffer under it, he would take personal responsibility.

A member of the Tswana tribe of southern Africa, especially an inhabitant of Botswana; a Botswanan.


Istriot

A Romance language spoken in western Istria.


Janna

Clever little sister Janna. Correction, Jane. She wasn't going to call me Janna, Jane it was and Jane it will be, to the end. How many times I have said to her, Georgie, no one calls me Jane, no one, I want to be Janna. I can't remember to, says she, making a point, and that's that. She thinks Janna is a smart little name to go with a smart little job.

1984, Doris Lessing, The Diaries of Jane Somers, Michael Joseph, →ISBN, page 64:

A female given name from Hebrew, a fanciful modern variant of Jane.


Janette

"Is Janette Lisle Miss Lisle, Walter?" "Yes, Vinnie; the eldest Miss Lisle. Janette is her name. Very pretty name, don't you think?"

1885, Justin McCarthy, Camiola. A Girl With a Fortune, Chatto and Windus, published 1885, page 149:

"Janette Marie de la Beauville," he said softly. "It's a good name. Did you see it on the ad? It sounds much more important than Harry Winston."

1981, Harold Robbins, Goodbye, Janette, Simon and Schuster, →ISBN, page 190:

A female given name from Hebrew, variant of Janet.


Luci

A modern nonstandard spelling of Lucy, from Lucia, from the Latin feminine form of the Latin praenomen Lucius, from lux "light".

"Have you named your new doll?" "I shall call her Luci," Violet said. "Luci." "Why do you spell it like that?" "I didn't spell it, Mama. It's the way Luci spells her name."

2004, Arelo C. Sederberg, Dead Night on the Beat: and Other Stories, iUniverse, →ISBN, page 98:


Luana

American 18th/19th century coinage, a fanciful spelling of Louanna, from Lou + Anna.

Young Eagle, with a proud heart, led Luana forth to the mossy bank of the river,

1845 Lowell Offering, Misses Curtis and Farley, Vol.4, page 250 ("Nepomiwassit" by "J.L.B")

The Bird of Paradise, by Mr Richard Walton Tully, is more pictorial than decorative. […] One of these characters, an American physician named Paul Wilson, sinks from civilisation to savagery because he marries a native princess named Luana […]

1912, The Bookman, volume 35, Dodd, Mead and Company, page 168:

Luana Patten, a former Disney child star, was cast as the level-headed romantic interest.

2011, R. Serge Denisoff, William D. Romanowski, Risky Business: Rock in Film:

A female given name originating as a coinage.


Stevie

A diminutive of the male given names Stephen and Steven.

A diminutive of the female given name Stephanie.


isiGqumo

A cant (argot) jargon used by Bantu African mine workers in small townships in South Africa, in same-sex circumstances.


Peleg

en-proper noun

Peleg (countable and uncountable, plural Pelegs)


Gilaki

A Caspian language spoken in the Gilan province of Iran.


Bishnupriya Manipuri

An Indo-Aryan language closely related to Bengali and Assamese spoken in chiefly in the Northeast Indian states of Assam and Tripuraas well as in Bangladesh and Myanmar.


Buhid

A language spoken by Mangyans in the province of Mindoro in the Philippines, divided into eastern and western dialects.


Shaniqua

Those people are not Africans. They don’t know a damned thing about Africa— with names like Shaniqua, Shaligua, Mohammed, and all that crap, and all of them are in jail.

2008 May 1, Ta-Nehisi Coates, quoting Bill Cosby, “‘This Is How We Lost to the White Man’”, in The Atlantic:

A female given name originating as a coinage, of African-American usage.


Irish English

The set of English dialects native to the island of Ireland, including both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland.


Irelander

A person from Ireland or of Irish descent.


Scotlander

A person from Scotland or of Scottish descent; a Scot.


Limbu

Their Tibeto-Burman language, written in a unique script.


Ewart

A male given name from Old French from the Norman French for Edward


Middle Chinese

Chinese language spoken during Southern and Northern Dynasties and the Sui, Tang, and Song dynasties (6th century – 10th century)


Englander

From England + -er. Compare Saterland Frisian Änglounder (“an Englishman”), German Engländer (“an Englishman”), Danish englænder (“an Englishman”).

cog

A person from England or of English descent.


Kimber

* From the name of a 7th-century English female saint, Kyneburga or Cyneburh, from Old English cyne- (“royal”) + burh (“fortress”).
* English: probably a habitational name from East and West Kimber in the parish of Northlew in Devon, so named from Old English cempa (“warrior”) (or the Old English personal name Cempa) + bearn (“grove/wood”). It may also be an altered form of Kimbrough. Jewish (Ashkenazic): variant of Kinberg.

When Brin Ohmsford had come into Darklin Reach three hundred years earlier, Hearthstone had been the home of Cogline and the child he claimed as his granddaughter, Kimber Boh.

1990, Terry Brooks, The Scions of Shannara, Ballantine Books, page 14:

A female given name from Old English of modern usage, transferred back from the surname.


ayn

A romanization of Kazakh аин (ain), the Kazakh name for the letter Ғ (Ğ).

(linguistics) Synonym of ghayn, the letter Ғ, representing the consonant /ʁ/ or /ɣ/, particularly in Kazakh.


Shekkacho

A regional language of Ethiopia with approximately 70,000 speakers.


Ananda

Transliteration of Sanskrit आनन्द (ānanda) or Pali ānanda.


Cia-Cia

An Austronesian language spoken in Buton Island, Indonesia.


lunate sigma

The form of the Greek letter sigma used in Medieval Greek and occasionally in Greek Orthodox Church transcriptions: ϲ.


final sigma

The form of the Greek letter sigma only ever used as the last letter of a word: ς.


Hungana

A near-extinct language of the Dominican Republic.


Columbia-Wenatchi

A language spoken in the northwest of the United States that is nearly extinct.


Middle Watut

A language spoken in 7 villages of the Watut Valley in Papua New Guinea.


Fam

A local language spoken in the Taraba State area of Nigeria.


Cherusci

(historical) a Germanic tribe that inhabited parts of the plains and forests of northwestern Germany, in the area possibly near present-day Hanover, during the first centuries BC and AD


Demosthenes

From Latin Dēmosthenēs, from Ancient Greek Δημοσθένης (Dēmosthénēs).

An Ancient Greek male given name from Ancient Greek, famously borne by Demosthenes, the Athenian statesman and orator of 4th century BC.


Khoekhoe

From Khoekhoe Khoekhoe.n (“Khoekhoe people”), from khoe.b (“human being”).

A member of a Southern African people, formerly known as Hottentots.


Khoekhoe

Any of a group of languages or dialects spoken by these people.


Old Occitan

Romance language spoken in the south of France which is considered the origin of modern Occitan, also known as Provençal.


Old Provençal

The old Provençal tongue, beloved of knights and troubadours, and forever associated in our minds with romance and chivalry, had become so debased by low singers of tavern songs, that its poetry was only “a riot of coarse speech, which had slain modesty in the ears of the young.”

1872, Edward Everett Hale, editor, Old and New, volume VI, page 471:

(dated in linguistics) Romance language spoken in the south of France which is considered the origin of modern Provençal, also known as Occitan.


Colman

From the Irish saints' name Colmán, diminutive of Colm, from Latin columba (“dove”).


Transalpine Gaulish

An extinct European language of the Indo-European family, spoken in Gaul.


Middle Breton

An early form of Breton language, spoken in Brittany, in western France, between the 11th and the 16th century AD.


Old Breton

An early form of Breton language, spoken in the North of France in the between the 9th and the 11th century AD.


Coleman

A male given name transferred from the surname.


Brittonic

en-adj

Brittonic (comparative more Brittonic, superlative most Brittonic)

more Brittonic (comparative)
most Brittonic (superlative)

From Briton + -ic, with -tt- after Latin Brittō.

The Welsh language is not a backwards, insignificant thing; it is a fundamental part of Britain’s collective history. I find it absurd that so few English people realise it is still spoken in families and communities across Wales, as part of a Brittonic culture which has survived through the ages.

2014 July 23, Ellie Mae O'Hagen, The Guardian:

Brythonic; pertaining to the Celtic people inhabiting Britain before the Roman conquest, and to their language.


Old Bulgarian

Old Church Slavonic
Old Church Slavonic#English

старобъ́лгарски

The Bulgarian recension of Old Church Slavonic (9th–11th century).


Chagatai

/ˈt͡ʃɑːɡətaɪ/

Transliteration of Russian Чагата́й (Čagatáj), from Uyghur چاغاتاي (chaghatay), from Chagatai جغتای (jağatāy), from Middle Mongol ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠲᠠᠶ (čaɣatay).

transliteration

A male given name of historical usage, most famously borne by the Mongol ruler Chagatai Khan (1183–1242), second son of Genghis Khan and first khan of the Chagatai Khanate, a medieval Mongol and later Turkicized khanate of Central Asia (divided after the 14th century).


Britishism

en-noun

Britishism (countable and uncountable, plural Britishisms)

A word, phrase, idiom, or expression peculiar to the English language as spoken in Britain.


North Briton

From north + Briton, after North Britain.

About Christmas we set out for England, accompanied by a little North Briton, who lived with lord B— as his companion, and did not at all approve of our correspondence […].

1751, [Tobias] Smollett, The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle […], volume (please specify |volume=I to IV), London: Harrison and Co., […], →OCLC:

(now historical) Someone from Scotland; a Scot.


Madi

A diminutive of the female given name Madeleine

A diminutive of the female given name Madison


Shlomo

Transliteration of Biblical Hebrew שְׁלֹמֹה (šəlōmōʰ), from שָׁלוֹם (šālôm, “peace”). Doublet of Solomon.

a Jewish male given name from Hebrew, feminine equivalent Shulamith, equivalent to English Solomon


Codies

Five power-packed pages of game thrills - more than ever before! On the Powertape: Astroclone (Hewson)! Sea Battles (Atlantis!). Skull & Crossbones demo (Tengen)! On The Run (Design Design)! Soccer Cup Quizmaster (Powertape)! and Pokemania! Plus (gasp!) on your Codies tape: Phantomas, Dizzy, BMX Simulator and Fruit Machine Simulator! Blimey!

1989 June, “Contents”, in Crash, number 89, published 1991:

The Codies seem to take great delight in mistreating their little pet egg, Dizzy. He's been thumped, kicked, bashed, scrambled and dropped in his games so far. Now the cruel so and sos want to drown him.

1992, James Leach, Bubble Dizzy (game review in Your Sinclair magazine issue 74, February 1992)

Well, obviously it was since they're ^([sic]) now got an interview with a codies rep, however, suggesting a May release.

2002, Rod Prince, “Adelaide Clipsal 500 and Codemasters”, in rec.autos.simulators (Usenet):

(informal, video games) The video game development company Codemasters (formerly Code Masters).


Salishan

A family of North American languages spoken by the Salish.


Memphite

en-adj

Memphite (comparative more Memphite, superlative most Memphite)

more Memphite (comparative)
most Memphite (superlative)


Cracovian

/kɹəˈkəʊvɪən/

Formed as Latin Cracōvia (“Cracow”) + English -an (suffix forming adjectives with the sense “of or pertaining to”). Equivalent to the Latin Cracōviānus.


Cracovian

/kɹəˈkəʊvɪən/

Being used to horses from their childhood, the Cracovians are excellent riders.

1921, National Polish Committee of America, Geography and ethnography of Poland:

(astronomy, geodesy) a clerical convenience in solving systems of linear equations by hand.


Vilnian

A person from, or an inhabitant of, Vilnius.


Latgalian

A language spoken by the ancient Latgalians, from which Latvian is largely derived.

A modern language spoken in the eastern part of Latvia, sometimes considered a dialect of Latvian.


English English

My own tongue is neither American English nor English English, but Irish English; so I am as nearly impartial in the matter as it is in human nature to be.

1901, [George] Bernard Shaw, “Notes to Captain Brassbound’s Conversion”, in Three Plays for Puritans: The Devil’s Disciple, Cæsar and Cleopatra, & Captain Brassbound’s Conversion, London: Grant Richards, […], →OCLC, page 305:

A dialect of the English language that is spoken mostly in England.


Andres

en-proper noun

Andres (countable and uncountable, plural Andreses)

Patronymic surname, borrowed from Spanish Andrés.

A male given name from Spanish, equivalent to English Andrew.


North Frisian

A Frisian language, or group of dialects, spoken by 5,000 to 10,000 people in northwestern Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.

Mooring Frisian (2nd-largest dialect, spoken around Niebüll)


Mengen

A Malayo-Polynesian language spoken in Papua New Guinea.


IEA

"The European economic and welfare model – I think it's over," says Mark Littlewood, director of the Institute of Economic Affairs (IEA), like the CPS a veteran British free-market thinktank reinvigorated by current possibilities.

2012 August 22, Andy Beckett, “Britannia Unchained: the rise of the new Tory right”, in The Guardian:

Institute of Economic Affairs
w:Institute of Economic Affairs

(UK politics, economics) Initialism of Institute of Economic Affairs: a British neoliberal think tank.


Judaeo-Spanish

Although like most American-born children of immigrants they had failed to develop a fluent use of the mother tongue, both had heard Judaeo-Spanish all their lives and had entirely native habits of pronouncing it.

1950, Agard, Frederick B., "Present-Day Judaeo-Spanish in the United States," in Hispania, Vol. 33, American Association of Teachers of Spanish and Portuguese, page 204

A Romance language, based on Old Spanish, and spoken almost exclusively by Sephardic Jews in Greece and Turkey.


Judezmo

Borrowed from Ladino djudezmo (“Jewishness”) (related to Spanish judaísmo and English Judaism), from Biblical Hebrew יְהוּדָה (Yehuda, “Judah”). Doublet of Judaism.

der

However, from the perspective of spoken Magrebi Judeo-Arabic, Judezmo appears to have very substantial autonomy indeed (Cohen 1981 and this volume).

1985, Joshua A. Fishman, Readings in the Sociology of Jewish Languages, E.J. Brill, page 6:


Tessy

A female given name, diminutive of Theresa.


Eshtehardi

Eshtehard (“town near Karaj, Iran”) + -i

suffix

A Northwestern Iranian language spoken in Eshtahard (Eshtehard), a town near Karaj, Iran.


Izzie

A diminutive of the female given name Isabel, Isobel, Isabelle, Isabella, Elizabeth, Isidora, Isra, Izebel, Ismara and Isobelle.

A diminutive of the male given name Israel, Isaac, Isambard, Isidore, Ismail, Isaiah, Isiah, Izzet, Isarn, Ismail and Isam.


Linden

* As a Dutch, German and Jewish surname, plural form of Linde.
* As a Dutch and West Flemish surname, from several placenames called Linden or Lienden. Also shortened from Vanderlinden.
* As a Swedish surname, from lind (“lime tree”). Compare Lindeen.
* As an English surname, variant of Lindon.
* As an Irish surname, shortened from McLinden, itself a variant of McClinton.

A unisex given name transferred from the surname, or for the linden tree.


intrusive r

(phonetics) An "r" sound that is like a linking r but occurs despite the absence of "r" in the spelling, as in Asia and the Far East in some pronunciations.


Gardner

en-proper noun

Gardner (countable and uncountable, plural Gardners)


Shyla

A 20th-century coinage, possibly inspired by Sheila.

- - - the malignant ache I felt every time Shyla's name was mentioned. The word Shyla itself became a land mine. That sweet-sounding word was merciless and I could not bear to hear it.

1995, Pat Conroy, Beach Music, Bantam Books, published 1996, →ISBN, page 5:

A female given name originating as a coinage.


Kalispel-Pend d'Oreille

Montana Salish, a Salishan language spoken in parts of Washington and Montana.


tenpence

(rare, British, Ireland) A coin worth ten new pence.


bare infinitive

en-noun

bare infinitive (plural bare infinitives)

(grammar) The infinitive form of an English verb without the particle to; a comparable infinitive in other Germanic languages, e.g. a German infinitive without a preceding "zu", or a Swedish one without a preceding "att".

infinitif nu

uninflected Germanic verb form without 'to'


Leyla

A female given name from Arabic, variant of Leila


Gagauz

/ˌɡæɡɑːˈuːz/

The language of Gagauzia and the Gagauz people.


Osakan

en-adj

Osakan (comparative more Osakan, superlative most Osakan)

more Osakan (comparative)
most Osakan (superlative)

Of, relating to, from, or characteristic of Osaka in Japan.


Ere

A language spoken on Manus Island in Papua New Guinea.


Inna

Transliteration of Russian И́нна (Ínna), of uncertain origin. (One suggestion is Ancient Greek ἴννα (ínna), from ἴννην (ínnēn, “little girl”).)

И́нна Инна#Russian

A transliteration of the Russian female given name И́нна (Ínna).


Romanichal

en-noun

Romanichal (plural Romanichals or Romanichal)

Romanichals (plural)
Romanichal (plural)

/ˈɹɒmɪnɪtʃæl/

/ˈɹɑmɪniˌt͡ʃæl/

A member of a Romani people found in the United Kingdom.


stroke order

the standard sequence in which a Chinese character is written in Chinese, Japanese or Korean writing


polynym

They agree upon one point, viz., the advantages, other things being equal, of mononyms (single word terms) over polynyms (terms consisting of two or more words).

1890, The American Naturalist - Volume 24, page 695:


Yehuda

Transliteration of Hebrew יְהוּדָה (yehudá). Doublet of Judah and Judas.


Yitzchak

uder

Hebrew יִצְחָק


British Sign Language

A language that uses hands, facial expressions, and other bodily behaviour to communicate both concrete and abstract ideas; some signs are based on English words, but BSL syntax and grammar are not based on English.

Teanga Chomharthaíochta na Breataine

sign language used in the United Kingdom


Vandalic

The extinct East Germanic language spoken by the Vandals, probably closely related to the Gothic language.


Xiang

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 湘 (Xiāng).

A Chinese language spoken mainly in Hunan province, China

湘語

one of the divisions of the Chinese language

хуна́ньский

диале́кт, язы́к


Louanne

A female given name originating as a coinage, a combination of Lou and Anne.


Luanne

A female given name originating as a coinage, variant of Louanne.


Bathshua

(rare) A female given name from Hebrew of biblical origin.


Eda

From Old English ead (“riches”), also short for compound given names beginning thus, particularly Edith.

Your name is Eda Morton, is it not? Mine is Edith, or Eda M'Kenzie, and I rather suspect you are my name-daughter, therefore I have a title to your friendship.

1848, Letitia Mary M. Bell, Eda Morton and her Cousins, or, School-room Days, John Ollivier, published 1848, page 142:


Livia

From Latin Livia, feminine form of Livius, name of a plebeian Roman gens.

Some nobler token I have kept apart / For Livia and Octavia, to induce / Their mediation; […]

c. 1606–1607 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Anthonie and Cleopatra”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene ii]:


Urias

(rather rare) A male given name from Hebrew of biblical origin.


Uriah

From Biblical Hebrew אוּרִיָּה ('ūriyyā, literally “God is my light”).

but the thing that struck me most, was, that with the evidences of his native superiority still upon him, he should submit himself to that crawling impersonation of meanness, Uriah Heep.

1869, Charles Dickens, David Copperfield, Chapter XXXV:

(rather rare) A male given name from Hebrew of Biblical origin.


Bathsheba

From Hebrew בַּת שֶׁבַע (bat shéva', “daughter of an oath”), from בַּת (bát, “daughter”) + שֶׁבַע (shéva, “oath”).

af

'I was kinda sweet on her my own self. Sheba Otis, her name was then.' I was surprised. 'She married a Queen? Which one?' 'Can't say.' He sighed. 'Her name's Bathsheba, but she never liked that much.' He turned to look at me. 'That's one of them Bible names.'

1996, Martha Grimes, “Hotel Paradise”, in Headline, →ISBN, page 172:

(uncommon) A female given name from Hebrew of biblical origin.


Campidanese Sardinian

a diasystem of the Sardinian language primarily spoken in the Cagliari, capital of the island of Sardinia, a region of Italy


Kalenjin

A member of an ethnic group of Nilotic origin living in the Great Rift Valley in western Kenya and eastern Uganda.


Kalenjin

The Nilotic language spoken by this group.


SPAD

(UK politics, informal) Alternative form of spad (“special advisor in government”)


Rahul

Transliteration of Sanskrit राहुल (rāhula)


Andalusian Arabic

An extinct variety of the Arabic language spoken in Al-Andalus, in the Iberian Peninsula, under Muslim rule.


Brunhild

From German Brunhilde, from Middle High German Briunhilde, from Old High German *Brunnīhilta, from Proto-Germanic *Brunjōhildiz (from *brunjǭ (“breastplate”) + *hildiz (“battle, fight”)).

der

Unlike some contemporary queens who converted their husbands to orthodox belief, Brunhild was an Arian Christian who was converted to orthodoxy when she married Sigebert.

2013, Theresa Earenfight, Queenship in Medieval Europe, page 58:

One of the rare women who came to great power in the early medieval world was Brunhild, daughter of the Visigothic king Athanagild and reputedly a girl of mesmerising beauty.

2014, Wim Blockmans, Peter Hoppenbrouwers, Introduction to Medieval Europe 300–1500, page 104:

In the Histories, Brunhild and Fredegund appear as political adversaries and moral opposites. Gregory encouraged his audience to compare the two queens by emphasising their differences. He said nothing bad of Brunhild, yet he accused Fredegund of a great many crimes, including murder, sacrilege, witchcraft and treason.

2015, E. T Dailey, Queens, Consorts, Concubines, page 119:

(historical) Queen Brunhilda of Austrasia, wife of Sigebert I, who later ruled Austrasia and Burgundy as regent.


Jelena

Borrowed from Russian Еле́на (Jeléna), from Latin Helena, from Ancient Greek Ἑλένη (Helénē). Doublet of Helen and Ellen.

Еле́на Елена#Russian

A transliteration of the Russian female given name Еле́на (Jeléna), equivalent to Helen.


Caren

A female given name from Ancient Greek, a less common spelling of Karen.


Ghomara

A language of the Berber family, spoken in Northern Morocco.


Xârâcùù

An Austronesian language spoken in New Caledonia.


Jez

Jez San, in common with other computer games entrepreneurs, got into computers early. His father worked in import-export, and bought him a home computer in the US before they were available here.

2001, Charles Leadbeater, Kate Oakley, Surfing the Long Wave: Knowledge Entrepreneurship in Britain:

A diminutive of the male given name Jeremy.


Gianluca

From Italian Gianluca (literally “John-Luke”).


Scarlet

It's not just Ribbons either. It's - get ready for this - Scarlet Ribbons. From an old Harry Belafonte record my mom had when she was about ten or something. When she grew up she was going to have a little girl and call her Scarlet Ribbons.

1979, Joseph Hansen, Skinflick, Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, →ISBN, page 96:

A female given name from English, a modern variant of Scarlett, or from the common noun scarlet.


Moshe

Transliteration of Hebrew משה, sometimes conjectured to derive from Egyptian msj (“to give birth to”), a common element in Egyptian names of the form ‘[name of deity] is the one who bore him’.


Moishy

A diminutive of the male given name Moshe


Jedward

(UK, Ireland, informal) John & Edward, an Irish singing duo who achieved fame in The X Factor in 2009.


ǀXam

An extinct Khoisan language once spoken in South Africa.


Emmeline

Medieval English form of Old French Ameline, diminutive form of Amélie, cognate to English Amelia.

With no notice from her father's family, Emmeline had attained her twelfth year.

1788, Charlotte Turner Smith, Emmeline, the Orphan of the Castle, White, Wogan, published 1789, page 4:

A female given name from the Germanic languages.


Mitzi

Borrowed from German Mitzi in the 20th century.

"Helen," he called, "is this Mitzi?" and held out the burnt blackened doll. The child seized it with a scream of joy. "Mitzi! Mitzi!" she cried.

1922, Claude Carlos Washburn, The Lonely Warrior, Harcourt, Brace and company, page 245:


Shloime

A diminutive of the male given name Shlomo


Shimshon

Transliteration of Hebrew שִׁמְשׁוֹן. Doublet of Samson.


Shimon

Transliteration of Hebrew שִׁמְעוֹן (shimon).


Xenia

From the assumed name of a fifth-century saint venerated in the Eastern Orthodox Church, Latin Xenia, from Ancient Greek ξενία (xenía, “hospitable”). Doublet of Oksana.

der

A female given name from Ancient Greek of mainly historical use in English.


Willa

Derived from Wilhelmina and recoined in the 19th century in America based on the male given names Will and William.

Even though Miss Cather's father clearly wrote that Willa was named after our "little sister", Miss Lewis' text reads: "They named Willa after ... William Lee Boak, who was killed in the Civil War".

1974, Bernice Slote, Virginia Faulkner, The Art of Willa Cather, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, →ISBN, page 198:


Shaz

A diminutive of the female given name Sharon.

A diminutive of the female given name Shazia


Reuven

uder

Hebrew רְאוּבֵן


Avraham

der

Hebrew אַבְרָהָם


Ngarrindjeri

/ŋəˈrɪndʒəriː/

A Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal suffixing language spoken by the Ngarrindjeri people.


Dakarois

"This dictator-view is available to anyone who can afford the $7 it costs to ride the elevator at the base of the African Renaissance Monument. That sum, unfortunately, rules out most Dakarois."

2017, Daniel Howden, A North Korean Folly, in the Heart of Senegal:


Monom

An Austroasiatic language spoken in the East Gia Lai, Kon Tum provinces of Vietnam.


Jair

/d͡ʒəˈɪə̯(r)/

From Middle English Jair, Iair, from Old English Iāirus, from Latin Iaīrus, from Ancient Greek Ἰάϊρ (Iáïr), from Biblical Hebrew יָאִיר (yāʾîr, literally “he will light up”). Doublet of Jairus.

A male given name from Hebrew of biblical origin.


Stavros

From Greek Σταύρος (Stávros), from σταυρός (stavrós, “cross”).

Σταύρος Σταύρος#Greek

A transliteration of the Greek male given name Σταύρος (Stávros).


Lemurian

en-adj

Lemurian (comparative more Lemurian, superlative most Lemurian)

more Lemurian (comparative)
most Lemurian (superlative)

Relating to the Ancient Roman festival of Lemuria.


Stanislaus

From the Latin form of a Slavic name, Станисла́в (Stanisláv) in Russian and Станислав (Stanislav) in Bulgarian, famous in the history of Poland, from the Proto-Slavic elements *stati (“to stand, become”) + *slàva (“glory”).

A male given name from the Slavic languages.

Estanislao

male given name- the standard or most popular form


Thyrza

A female given name from Hebrew, variant of Tirzah.


Thirza

Borrowed from the German variant of Tirzah through 18th-century literature.

What, tell me, my Thirza, provokes thee to speak, / In high-sounding phrases, our Mordecai's name?

1817 Robert Patterson, Recluse: The Art of Domestick Happiness: and other poems, page 182


Seraphina

From Late Latin Seraphina, name of obscure early martyrs, from biblical seraphim.

I breathed out the name Seraphina into the moonlight in an increasing transport. "Seraphina! Seraphina! Seraphina!" The repeated beauty of the sound intoxicated me.

1903, Joseph Conrad, Romance, Babylon Dreams, →ISBN, page 196:


Seraphine

Anglicized spelling of French Séraphine.

By the time I carried tea and toast back through to Ruth, the baby was asleep, the umbilical cord tied off, and Ruth was stroking the tiny face with one finger. 'I'm going to call her Seraphine,' she said. 'She looks like an angel.'

2018, Emma Rous, The Au Pair: A spellbinding mystery full of dark family secrets, Hachette UK, →ISBN:


D/L

Duckworth-Lewis method
Duckworth-Lewis method

(cricket, uncountable) Duckworth-Lewis method


Suze

A diminutive of the female given names Susan, Susanne, Suzanne, or Susanna.


Tirzah

Borrowed from Hebrew תִּרְצָה (tirtsáh), meaning "pleasant" or "she is my delight".

A female given name from Hebrew of biblical origin.


Isolde

Borrowed from the German Isolde, German form of Iseult.

A female given name from the Celtic languages or the Germanic languages


Iseult

Old French, the name of the queen who fell in love with Tristan in medieval romance Tristan and Iseult, perhaps from Celtic, of uncertain meaning, possibly Proto-Brythonic *Adsiltia (“she who is gazed upon”); compare Welsh syllu and Irish súil. Otherwise from Germanic, equivalent to Old High German is (“ice”) + hiltja (“battle”) (from Proto-West Germanic *hildi).

der

Just as he finished, the daughter came in, Iseult. A name out of the past, a darkly Celtic presence: jet-black hair, the same as Minogue had had, tall.

1988, John Brady, A Stone of the Heart, St Martin's Press, →ISBN, page 9:


Itelmen

A language of the Chukotko-Kamchatkan family, spoken on Kamchatka in Russia.


Pawnee

Borrowing from French Pani, from Algonquin pani, either from Winnebago pa꞉ní or Chiwere pányi.

A near-extinct language of North America.

A village in Sangamon County, Illinois, United States.

A ghost town in Geary County, Kansas, United States.

census-designated place
census-designated place

A census-designated place in Bee County, Texas, United States.


Black Book

Any of several books or documents of a political character, published at different times and for different purposes; so called either from the colour of the binding, or from the character of the contents.


10 Downing Street

(UK politics) The address of the residence in London of the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.

[…] he declared from early in his life that he intended to be viceroy of India, as a natural stepping-stone on his way to 10 Downing Street.

2001, Trevor Owen Lloyd, Empire: the history of the British Empire, →ISBN, page 138:

(UK politics, by extension, metonymically) The title or office of the Prime Minister.

[…] explicitly clear, in the way that 10 Downing Street has made it clear in the case of city academies, that it is perfectly legitimate to put people in the House of Lords […]

2006, Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Public Administration Select Committee, Propriety and Honours: Interim Findings; Fourth Report of Session 2005-06, volume 29, →ISBN, page 23:

(by extension, metonymically) The government of the United Kingdom.


Pouria

پوریا پوریا#Persian

A transliteration of the Persian male given name پوریا (puriyâ).


Sarabeth

(rare) A female given name originating as a coinage.


Cajun French

The dialect of the French language spoken in Louisiana, USA


Hadza

A language isolate spoken by the Hadza people.


Cajetan

/ˈkæd͡ʒətən/

From the Latin Caiētānus (“inhabitant of Gaeta”), re-Latinized from Italian Gaetano, name of a saint.

A male given name from Latin, of historical use.


Dade

Anglicised from an Irish equivalent of David.


unlaw

en-verb

unlaw (third-person singular simple present unlaws, present participle unlawing, simple past and past participle unlawed)

unlaws (present singular third-person)
unlawing (participle present)
unlawed (participle past)
unlawed (past)

(transitive, obsolete, Scots law) To fine.


Proto-Norse

An Indo-European language spoken in Scandinavia and ancestral to Old Norse that evolved from Proto-Germanic over the first centuries AD.


Mimantean

en-adj

Mimantean (comparative more Mimantean, superlative most Mimantean)

more Mimantean (comparative)
most Mimantean (superlative)

From Ancient Greek Μῑμάντος (Mīmántos), genitive case of Μίμᾱς (Mímās), from earlier Μίμανς (Mímans).

This is puzzling because Mimas is closer to Saturn than Enceladus, and the Mimantean orbit is much more eccentric (out of round) than the Enceladean orbit.

2008, Samantha Harvey (NASA/JPL), Solar System Exploration, page Saturn: Moons: Mimas:

a global thermal event early in Mimantian history erased all record of ancient impacts

2011, Paul M. Schenk, “Geology of Mimas?”, in 42nd Lunar and Planetary Science Conference:

(astronomy) Of or relating to the Saturnian moon named for Mimas


Anglo-Frisian

A group of Germanic languages, including English, Scots and Frisian.


Hef

In a desperate attempt to impress Laura, Bart begins bathing and sashaying about in a smoking jacket while sucking thoughtfully on a bubble pipe as part of his new pint-sized Hef persona.

2012 May 27, Nathan Rabin, “TV: Review: THE SIMPSONS (CLASSIC): “New Kid On The Block” (season 4, episode 8; originally aired 11/12/1992)”, in The Onion AV Club:

(informal) A nickname for Hugh Hefner, American businessman and playboy


Lombardic

Of the Lombards, a Germanic people who settled in Italy in the sixth century C.E., or of their language or culture.


Lombardic

Lombardic language on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

The language of the Lombards, an extinct Germanic language known from fragmentary evidence.


Krissie

Kristin Lund. Krissie sounded closer to home and just as beautiful. Krissie Lund. It rolled off the tongue like a balalaika riff.

1990, Ed McBain, Vespers, Mandarin, published 1991, →ISBN, page 35:

A diminutive of the female given name Kristina and of its variant forms.


Carissa

Carissa gave him a sideways glance and smiled ruefully.

2009, Ethan Fowler, Mardene Fowler, Brushed Back: The Story of Trevor Bullock, page 94:

“Wow,” said Carissa. “I guess activism runs in the family.”

Before they could go, Carissa stepped out behind them. She had been listening from inside the door.

2019, Michael G. Manning, Transcendence and Rebellion:


Jo-Anne

A female given name from Hebrew, one of the 20th century spelling variants of Joanne.


Daur

Official Chinese GB 3304‐91 romanisation. Borrowed from Daur daur and Russian дау́ръ m anim sg (daúr, noun), alternative forms reflect Manchu ᡩᠠᡤᡡᡵ (dagūr), ᡩᠠᡥᡡᡵ (dahūr), and Classical Mongolian ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷ (daɣur). The ethnonym has been considered to be originated from Khitan ⿰𘲆𘮒 (dau.úr /*dawur/, “middle, central”), a modifier used in the full name of the Liao empire.

lang

Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae

The language of the ethnic group, which belongs to the Mongolic language family.


pupillarity

Borrowed from Medieval Latin pūpillāritās.

(Scots law) The period before puberty, or from birth to fourteen in males, and twelve in females


Cecie

A diminutive of the female given name Cecily.


Pamir

A group of languages spoken in the Pamir mountains.


Nivkh

The language isolate spoken by the Nivkh.


Nyssa

Claire would have wagered there was nothing in life that could make her like Nyssa.
But Claire had not counted on Nyssa herself. Nyssa's aim in life seemed to be to do whatever she wanted whenever she wanted to do it.

1992, Jude Deveraux, The Duchess, page 276:

“What?” Nyssa asks, in shock.
Bejine hurries from the area with his daughter in his arms. Barry, Nyssa and the rest quickly follow.
Bejine stops outside of the portal. He is about to enter it when Nyssa stops him.
“You said 'only on this world'?" Nyssa remarks. "What did you mean by that?"

2009, Benjamin W. Schenk, The Immortals: Eternal War, page 583:

Bliss gasped, and Nyssa could not help the little giggle that escaped her. It was not often that someone could set her aunt back on her heels so firmly and neatly.

2012, Bertrice Small, Love, Remember Me, page 100:


Blanch

That daughter there of Spain, the Lady Blanch, / Is near to England: look upon the years / Of Lewis the Dauphin and the lovely maid. / If lusty love should go in quest of beauty, / Where should he find it fairer than in Blanch?

A female given name from French, a less common spelling of Blanche.


Steenie

"Here, Dougal," said the Laird, "gie Steenie a tass of brandy down stairs, till I count the siller and write the receipt."

And now the murder is out, and I stand before you as Stephen Broadfoot, or "Little Steenie", as I used to be called when attending Edinburgh College.

1852, William Harrison Ainsworth, “Tale of a Carpet-Bag”, in Ainsworth's Magazine, volume 21, page 17:

(Scotland) A diminutive of the male given name Stephen.


Marilla

Oh, Marilla, it was heartrending. Mr. Phillips made such a beautiful farewell speech beginning, ‘The time has come for us to part.’ It was very affecting. And he had tears in his eyes too, Marilla.

1908 June, L[ucy] M[aud] Montgomery, Anne of Green Gables, Boston, Mass.: L[ouis] C[oues] Page & Company, published August 1909 (11th printing), →OCLC:

She had been named after Aunt Marilla of Green Gables, but Aunt Marilla had died before Rilla was old enough to know her very well, and Rilla detested the name as being horribly old-fashioned and prim.

1921, Lucy Maud Montgomery, Rilla of Ingleside, Echo Library, published 2006, →ISBN, page 12:

A female given name from Hebrew, variant of Maria.


Marcomanni

Learned borrowing from Latin Marcomanni, from Proto-Germanic *markō (“border”) + *mann- (“man”).


Rilla

His pet name for her was Rilla-my-Rilla - a little pun on her real name, Marilla. She had been named after Aunt Marilla of Green Gables, but Aunt Marilla had died before Rilla was old enough to know her very well, and Rilla detested the name as being horribly old-fashioned and prim.

A diminutive of the female given name Marilla.


Nuristani

From Persian نورستانی (nurestâni), from نورستان (nurestân) + ـی (-i, “of or pertaining to”), from نور (nur, “light”) + ـستان (-estân, “land of”).

One of the three groups within the Indo-Iranian language family, the other two being Indo-Aryan and Iranian groups.


Phanariote

For a little over a hundred years, from 1711 until the outbreak of the Greek Revolution in 1821, with only brief interruptions during times of war, Moldavia and Wallachia would be ruled yb a succession of Phanariot princes.

2019, Roderick Beaton, Greece: Biography of a Modern Nation, Penguin, published 2020, page 17:

(now historical) An inhabitant of Phanar, the historically Greek district of Constantinople; hence, a member of the Greek official class in the Ottoman Empire.


Northern Thai

/ˈnɔɹðəɹn taɪ/

The language spoken in the northern region of Thailand (closely related to Thai and Lao).


Cajun English

The dialect of the English language spoken in Cajun areas of southern Louisiana, USA


Brose

Take poor Brose, who was actually christened Ambrose. A thing like that could simply warp a person's life, if he wasn't a good enough fighter to make the other kids start calling him by some nickname at an early age.

1951, Rosamond Du Jardin, Class Ring, Lippincott, page 140:

A diminutive of the male given name Ambrose.


Presley

The English surname is usually a variant of Priestley, from Old English prēost (“priest”) + lēah (“wood, clearing”). Equivalent to priest + -ley (“lea”).
The place-name in Scotland may be from Pictish, equivalent to Welsh prys (“bush”) + Welsh lle (“place”).

بْرِيسْلِي

transliterations of the English name "Presley"


Zelophehad

From Hebrew צְלָפְחָד (ts'lofchád, “Zelophehad”).

bor

And Zelophehad the son of Hepher had no sons, but daughters: and the names of the daughters of Zelophehad were Mahlah, and Noah, Hoglah, Milcah, and Tirzah.

(very rare outside the Bible) A male given name from Hebrew.


Arpetan

Alternative form of Arpitan (“Franco-Provençal”)


Darby

en-proper noun

Darby (countable and uncountable, plural Darbys)

From the English place name Derby, from Old Norse djúr (“deer”) + býr (“settlement”).

The man whom you call Diarmaid when you speak Irish, a low, pernicious, un-Irish, detestable custom, begot by slavery, and propagated by cringing, and fostered by flunkeyism, forces you to call Jeremiah when you speak English, or as a concession, Darby.

2000, David Pierce, Irish Writing in the Twentieth Century: A Reader, . Cork University Press., →ISBN, page 8:

A male given name transferred from the surname.

"You could always pick names, Thomas. I remember women you turned down because you didn't like their names. Gorgeous, hot women, but with flat names. Darby. Has a nice, erotic touch to it. What a name.

1992, John Grisham, The Pelican Brief, Doubleday, →ISBN, page 52:

A female given name transferred from the surname, of modern usage.

A number of places in the United States:

Three townships in Ohio, in Madison County, Pickaway County and Union County.


Mickeysoft

Blend of Mickey Mouse (suggesting inferior quality) and Microsoft.


Windoze

Blend of Windows + doze, suggesting slow performance. First use appears c. 1986. See cite below.

Every point and counterpoint is peppered with derisive terms such as "Windoze," "File Mangler," and "PeeCees."

1986, PC Communications Corporation, PC Magazine, The Independent Guide to IBM-standard Personal Computing · Volume 15, page 85:

I've had it with the Windoze Gestapo. They want to make everyone use Windoze. They have propogandize^([sic]) the public through computer publications and large newspapers.

1997 February 19, ROWE BOBBY S, “Defend yourself against the Windoze Gestapo”, in alt.destroy.microsoft (Usenet):

My big fear was that they'd use some kind of weirdo operating system, but it turned out just to be Windoze. And not Windoze Millennium, NT, or '98, or even '95, but Windoze 3.1

2006, Anthony McGowan, Hellbent, page 118:

(computing, slang, derogatory) Microsoft Windows.


Windross

Blend of Windows + dross, suggesting an inferior product.

Like Danny, I made the difficult decision to take a close look at Windross at Xmas96. The OS is a monster it's true; but IMHO it also brings alternative ways of achieving your objectives which are, as I have tried to show, not available in the Acorn environment. Recent threads on Acorn v Windross in schools don't seem to focus on this?

1998 June 10, Martin Birchall, “Sad”, in comp.sys.acorn.misc (Usenet):

The Windross user experience is awful. I migrated to the Mac, and while it's amazing to have inDesign, XPress, Photoshop, Acrobat, etc. right there, Mac OS 8/9's GUI was nothing on RISC OS and it's difficult to describe in any meaningful way Mac OS X's GUI is better than Windows - especially as the responsiveness remains poor.

2003 January 4, David, “Comments about Windross OS”, in comp.sys.acorn.misc (Usenet):

I copy the file to a plain Jane Lexar thumb drive, then move the drive to Windoze. Windross does it's^([sic]) usual popup game: "Yay! Look at me! I found something! Yay! It's a USB device! Yay! I'm setting it up now! Yay! Look at me!!"

2012 November 17, Sinister Midget, “Windwoes Dimwittery”, in comp.os.linux.advocacy (Usenet):


Iau

A Lakes Plain language spoken by the Turu people.


kelper

From kelp + -er, so named because the islands are surrounded by much kelp.

(slang, dated) A Falkland Islander, native to the Falkland Islands.


Renaissance Latin

The Latin language, as developed during the Italian Renaissance in the second half of the 14th century, which displaced Medieval Latin by the end of the century and became Early Modern Latin by the early 16th century.


Danica

From Slavic female given name, from the Slavic name for the Morning Star (an aspect of the planet Venus).

A female given name from the Slavic languages


Portuñol

From Spanish portuñol, blend of portugués (“Portuguese”) + español (“Spanish”).


Guanhua

Mandarin, group of Northern Chinese dialects including Standard Mandarin (Putonghua).


Bibi

This time, though, I think Bibi drove one wedge too many into the heart of Israel’s body politic.

2023 June 6, Thomas L. Friedman, “From Tel Aviv to Riyadh”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:


Anabel

A female given name from Latin, of rare usage, variant of Annabel.


Cisalpine Gaulish

The extinct language spoken in Cisalpine Gaul, now northern Italy.


Clarabel

A female given name from Latin, of rare usage, variant of Claribel.


Rowan

Anglicised from the Irish saints' name Ruadhán (“little red one”), or as a surname from Ó Ruadháin (“descendant of Ruadhán”).

A unisex given name from English of modern usage, often associated with the rowan tree.


Lazar

Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian Lazar, ultimately from Ancient Greek Λάζαρος (Lázaros), from Hebrew אלעזר (ʼElʻāzār).

The Servians have a legend, which gives a terrible picture of this national virtue:
“Day departs, and the moon shines upon the white fields of snow. A stranger enters the dwelling of poor Lazar.

1857 May, “Life in Servia”, in The Young Men’s Magazine, volume 1, number 1, page 15:

It was on the morning after the arrival of the Mussulman forces upon the plain of Kossova, that a herald, accompanied by a small escort, demanded an interview with the Sultan Murad, on the part of his master, Lazar, the King of Servia.

1861, George W. M. Reynolds, “The Death of Murad”, in The Young Fisherman, and Other Stories, London: John Dicks, page 88:

A Serbian male given name from Serbo-Croatian


Karlyn

(rare) A female given name from the Germanic languages, variant of Carolyn or Carlene.


Sergey

Transliteration of Russian Серге́й (Sergéj), from Latin Sergius.

translit

Серге́й Сергей#Russian

A transliteration of the Russian male given name Серге́й (Sergéj).


Eneas

The three brothers, Jack, Tom, and Eneas. Oh, yes. In the west of Ireland by the way Eneas is three syllables, En-ee-as. In Cork I fear it is two, and sounds more like a person's backside than anything else.

2008, Sebastian Barry, The Secret Scripture, Faber and Faber, →ISBN, page 33:

A male given name from Ancient Greek, variant of Aeneas.


Clarah

A female given name from Latin, a rare nonstandard spelling of Clara.


Claribel

/ˈklɛəɹəbɛl/

A fanciful variant of Clara, inspired by names like Annabel, Christabel or Isabel.

Methinks, our garments are now as fresh as when we put them on first in Afric, at the marriage of the king's fair daughter Claribel to the King of Tunis.

(rather rare) A female given name from Latin.


Numidian

en-adj

Numidian (comparative more Numidian, superlative most Numidian)

more Numidian (comparative)
most Numidian (superlative)

Underfoot is a rich brown marble from the shores of Lake Champlain. The wainscoting is of green rep and red Numidian marble.

1923, Theodore Dreiser, The Color of a Great City:

Of or pertaining to Numidia or its inhabitants.


Numidian

a variety of Berber spoken by the people of Numidia


Lana

Short form of Alana, or from Russian Лана (Lana), diminutive of several names including Светла́на (Svetlána).

Mervyn LeRoy, the boyish cigar-smoking director who signed her, didn't like her name Julia. So she thought awhile and said, "What about Lana?" For no reason at all it became Lana - pronounced Lah-nah.

1942 September 5, Irving Wallace, “The Loves of Lana Turner”, in Liberty magazine:

I discovered that her full name was Margaret Lowell. I wasn't an expert on Earth names, but I still knew this was wildly inappropriate. She should have been called Lana Bellcurve or Ashley Brainsex or something.

2013, Matt Haig, The Humans, Canongate, →ISBN, page 832:


langue d'oïl

en-noun

langue d'oïl (countable and uncountable, plural langues d'oïl)

(uncountable) The language of medieval France, north of the Loire, in which the word oïl was used for yes


Isy

A diminutive form of the female given names Isabel and Isobel.


Carlene

A 20th-century coinage from Carl and the ending -ene, -lene, as in Marlene and Charlene.

A female given name from the Germanic languages.


Kia

Irene's conversation with Christina “Kia” Strömborg brought nothing new.

2014, Helene Tursten, The Fire Dance, →ISBN:

I owe to my wife, Anna Christina (Kia) De Ozorio Nobre, not only a life full of love, but also the initial idea of dedicating more attention [...]

2014, Luciano Floridi, The Fourth Revolution, →ISBN:

A diminutive of the female given name Christina


Anunnaki

Annunaki

lizard people; corrupted spelling, mostly restricted to the sense

(Mesopotamian mythology) A group of Sumerian, Akkadian and Babylonian deities in no known particular order including but not limited to Enki, Enlil, Ninlil and 'known as the fourth' Enbilulu.

Anunnaki

a group of Sumerian, Akkadian and Babylonian deities

conspiracy theories
conspiracy theory#Noun

(conspiracy theories) An extraterrestrial reptilian race supposed to originate from a hidden planet called "Niburu", thought to be the overlords of a secret world government and equated with the Nephilim by conspiracy theorists.


Aja

A Nilo-Saharan language spoken in Sudan.


BSL

British Sign Language
British Sign Language#English


Old Galician-Portuguese

Late Middle Ages
Late Middle Ages#English

A language spoken in western Iberia during the High and Late Middle Ages, the ancestor of modern Portuguese and Galician.

oldportugisisk

Portuguese language from 12th to 15th centuries


Stephie

A diminutive of the female given name Stephanie.


Hanoverian

en-adj

Hanoverian (comparative more Hanoverian, superlative most Hanoverian)

more Hanoverian (comparative)
most Hanoverian (superlative)

the Hanoverian brown rat

Of or from the House of Hanover, a German royal dynasty.


Hanoverian

"[…]I had rather be anything than a courtier, and a Presbyterian, and a Hanoverian too, as some people, I believe, are."

1749, Henry Fielding, chapter II, in The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC, book VI:


Byzantine Greek

Collectively, the continuum of forms of the Greek language as written and spoken during the time of the Byzantine Empire (C.E. 330–1453), preceded by Koine Greek and Early Medieval Greek and succeeded by Late Medieval Greek to Modern Greek. (ISO 639-3 code: grc shared with Classical Greek.)


Switzer

From early New High German Schwytzer (modern High German Schweizer) "a Swiss person", especially "a Swiss soldier or mercenary", a designation adopted in the 16th century, ultimately from the toponym Swīz "Schwyz". More at Swiss.


Dereck

A male given name from the Germanic languages, a less common spelling of Derek.


Conleth

Anglicised from Irish Conlao, Conlaodh, from Old Irish Conláed. Saint Conláed was an Irish hermit and the first Bishop of Kildare.

This was the main lesson imparted the other evening by Sean Campion and Conleth Hill, the two amiable Irish stage actors who have been performing for the last three and a half months in the comedy Stones in His Pockets at the Golden Theater on West 45th Street.


Conley

Anglicization of Irish Ó Conghalaigh and Ó Conghaile, patronyms of Conghalach. Doublet of Connolly

(rare) A male given name from Irish, transferred from the surname.


Cham

The Malayo-Polynesian language spoken by these people.


Cham

Pertaining to the Cham people or their language.

占

pertaining to the Cham people or their language


Cham

an ethnic Albanian from Çamëri, originally resided in the western part of the region of Epirus in northwestern Greece, an area known among Albanians as Çamëri (engl.: Chameria).


White Hart Lane

A road between High Road, Wood Green N22, and Tottenham High Road, N17, and a railway station in this road at the Tottenham end. The stadium (which was in the High Road) could have been named after either or both.


Og

And the Lord shall do unto them as he did to Sihon and to Og, kings of the Amorites, and unto the land of them, whom he destroyed.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Deuteronomy 31:4:

(very rare, outside the Bible) A male given name from Hebrew


Dorinda

An 18th-century coinage from Dora or Dorothy, + -inda.

Every child in the Square at once hurried and thrust and scrambled and pushed a way through the crowd, and in less than a minute Dinah and Dorinda were entirely surrounded by fifty or sixty boys and girls, all shouting […]

1944, Eric Linklater, The Wind on the Moon:


Jennalyn

A female given name originating as a coinage.


Jennica

Blend of Jennifer + Jessica, a 20th-century coinage.

When we were twenty minutes from the airport, he said: “Jennica, we're almost there.” He wanted to talk.

2009, Rudolph Delson, Maynard and Jennica, page 230:


Kayley

A female given name transferred from the surname, variant of Kaylee.


Norville

English and Scottish surname of Norman origin meaning "northern town," shortened from Normanville, equivalent to Norman + -ville.


Eurabia

/jʊəˈɹeɪbiə/

Moreover, the fear of an emerging "Eurabia" ignores the vast economic and cultural differences between immigrant populations in the different European countries...

2006, Hent de Vries, Lawrence Eugene Sullivan, Political theologies: public religions in a post-secular world:

Among those who connect the unfolding of Eurabia with a popular reaction that might bring back fascism to Europe is Canadian columnist Mark Steyn.

2007, José Pedro Zúquete, Missionary politics in contemporary Europe:

Cultural Islam and the myth of Eurabia

2008, Olivier Roy, The politics of chaos in the Middle East:

(derogatory) A supposed future Europe that has undergone Islamization.


Abkhasian

The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles

Oxford University Press
w:Oxford University Press


Vanya

Romanization of Russian Ва́ня (Vánja, “Johnny”), a diminutive of Ива́н (Iván, “John”)

Ива́н Иван#Russian

A transliteration of the pet form of the Russian male given name from Russian Ива́н (Iván).

Aditi introduced him to Vanya, her five-year-old daughter. He could not meet her yesterday as she had gone for her drawing classes at that time. Vanya, dropping the crayons that she was busy coloring with, looked up at him and[…]

2018 October 12, THE UNPLANNED, Onlinegatha, →ISBN, page 136:

Nia looked at Vanya, her brown eyes searching her sister-in-law's face.

2020 October 24, Milla Holt, Lessons Learned in Love, Reinbok Limited, →ISBN:

Allison's words of warning to her sister Vanya express a common and everyday concern for many women.

2021 November 2, Lisann Anders, The Force of The Umbrella Academy: Essays on Voices and Violence in the Comics and Netflix Series, McFarland, →ISBN, page 152:


Krumen

The Grebo language spoken by these people.


full infinitive

en-noun

full infinitive (plural full infinitives)

(grammar) The English infinitive verb form when introduced by the particle to, or the equivalent in other Germanic languages, e.g. a Swedish infinitive introduced by 'att', or a Norwegian Bokmål infinitive introduced by 'å'.


to-infinitive

(grammar) The English infinitive verb form when introduced by the particle to.


Ricki

From Richard. As a female name also from Erica.

A diminutive of the male given name Richard, more often spelled Rickie or Ricky.

A female given name from the Germanic languages and a nickname of modern usage, also spelled Rikki.


Mendy

A diminutive of the female given name Melinda.


Satchmo

Contraction of satchel mouth, referring to his large mouth and open singing style. Also called Satch.

(informal) Louis Armstrong, 1901-1971, an American jazz musician.


Tunisian Arabic

A group of Arabic dialects spoken primarily in Tunisia.


Kearney

(rather rare) A male given name transferred from the surname.


Garth

Welsh garth probably has its influence on Welsh place names.

A male given name from Welsh, shortened form of Gareth


Holyrood

From Middle English Holy Rood, Holyrode, holy-rode, holy roode, hali rode, halgorode, equivalent to holy + rood (“crucifix, cross”).
The town in Newfoundland is named after a location near Crewkerne, Somerset.

But Matheson has indicated that the Scottish Government will not be responding to the consultation because transport policy in Scotland is a matter for ministers at Holyrood and not at Westminster.

2020 December 16, “Network News: Scotland set to snub Johnson's Union Connectivity Review”, in RAIL, page 21:

Yousaf is almost certain to be confirmed as Scotland’s next first minister in a nominal vote at Holyrood on Tuesday but now has to bridge those divides by bringing the SNP’s warring wings together.

2023 March 27, Severin Carrell, Libby Brooks, “Humza Yousaf elected leader of Scottish National party”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:

(UK politics, by extension, metonymically) The Scottish Parliament.


Sutton

en-proper noun

Sutton (countable and uncountable, plural Suttons)

From Old English suþ (“south”) + tun (“town”).

A unisex given name transferred from the surname


Hispanophone

A native speaker of the Spanish language


Antiochian

en-adj

Antiochian (comparative more Antiochian, superlative most Antiochian)

more Antiochian (comparative)
most Antiochian (superlative)


Antiochian

Pompey erected the place into a free city for refusing to receive the Armenian King Tigranes, whom the Antiochians had summoned to their aid.

(historical) A person from, or an inhabitant of, ancient Antioch.

անտիոքացի

a person from, or an inhabitant of, ancient Antioch


Antiochian

Pertaining to Antiochus of Ascalon, a contemporary with Cicero, and the founder of a sect of philosophers.


Bronx Bombers

(US, baseball) nickname of the New York Yankees


Herbie

A diminutive of the male given name Herbert.


Hayleigh

A female given name transferred from the surname, variant of Hayley.


Bolognese

(informal, of a pasta sauce) Made from minced meat, tomato and any combination of other ingredients.


Wejewa

A Malayo-Polynesian language spoken in the interior of Sumba Island, the Lesser Sunda Islands of Indonesia.


North Germanic

(linguistics) A branch of the Germanic language family which comprises Danish, Faroese, Icelandic, Norwegian and Swedish


Elaina

I shrugged. "I know our alleged computer specialist Tera is your daughter Elaina Tera Cameron," I said.

1999, Timothy Zahn, The Icarus Hunt, Bantam Books, →ISBN, page 262:

A female given name from Ancient Greek, of modern usage, variant of Elaine.


Matildas

(soccer) the women's national soccer representative team of Australia

Australia women's national association football team


Wallabies

(rugby) the national rugby union representative team of Australia


Lucilla

From Latin Lucilla, feminine diminutive form of the praenomen Lucius.

- - - She was called Lucy and I was called Lucilla, after her, which is just a shade of difference. Lucy is more lovable than Lucilla, don't you think?" "Lucilla is a charming name," said Richard.

1966, L. P. Hartley, The Betrayal, H. Hamilton, page 54:


Aramaean

From the Latin Aramaeī, from the Ancient Greek Ἀραμαῖοι (Aramaîoi), from Hebrew ארם (aram), the biblical name of a land of Upper Mesopotamia falling within modern Syria.

Any member of a West Semitic semi-nomadic and pastoralist people who lived in the Levant and later also in upper Mesopotamia (Biblical Aram) during the Late Bronze Age and the Iron Age. They spoke Aramaic.


Central Sierra Miwok

An endangered language of the Utian family, spoken in California, USA.


Limburger

en-noun

Limburger (usually uncountable, plural Limburgers)


Algherese

The dialect of the Catalan language spoken in the Italian city of Alghero, in Sardinia.


Gerrard

(rare) A male given name from the Germanic languages.


Comox

From Lik'wala, the southern dialect of Kwak'wala kw’umuxws (“plentiful”).

A Salishan language historically spoken in Comox and the surrounding areas, including the Sunshine Coast.


Aostan

en-adj

Aostan (comparative more Aostan, superlative most Aostan)

more Aostan (comparative)
most Aostan (superlative)


Florrie

A shortened form of the female given names Flora and Florence.


Jenefer

A female given name from Welsh, of rare usage, variant of Jennifer.


Jenafer

(rare) A female given name from Welsh, a modern nonstandard variant of Jennifer.


Livornian

Livornian (comparative more Livornian, superlative most Livornian)

more Livornian (comparative)
most Livornian (superlative)


Q'anjob'al

A Mayan language spoken in Guatemala and part of Mexico.


Mondial

Likely from French mondial (“worldwide, global”).

international auxiliary language
international auxiliary language

An international auxiliary language created by Swedish school principal Helge Heimer in the 1940s.


Kourtney

A unisex given name transferred from the surname, variant of Courtney.


Chico

A diminutive of the male given name Francisco, from Portuguese.


Khloé

A fanciful spelling variant of Chloe, made known in the 2000s by an American TV personality.

A female given name from Ancient Greek of modern usage.


Khloe

Variant of Khloé, a fanciful spelling variant of Chloe, made known in the 2000s by American TV personality Khloé Kardashian.


Stanhope

The British placenames are from Old English stan (“stone”) + hōp (“valley”).

A male given name transferred from the surname, of rare usage.


Conan

From Middle Irish Conán, from Primitive Irish ᚉᚑᚅᚐᚅᚅ (conann), a derivative of Proto-Celtic *kū (“dog”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ.


Ingvaeonic

From Latin Ingaevōnēs + -ic. The first element is of Germanic origin and could mean "son of Yngvi."

North Sea Germanic, a postulated grouping of the West Germanic languages that comprises Old Frisian, Old English, and Old Saxon (and their descendants).


Teagan

* (male): A diminutive of the Irish male name Tadhg, from tadhg (“poet”)
* (female): A variant of Tegan, from Welsh tegan (“toy, darling”)

A female given name from Welsh, variant of Tegan.

A unisex given name transferred from the surname, of modern usage.


Tegan

* (female): 20th-century coinage from Welsh tegan (“toy, darling”).
* (surname): Transferred use of Irish Ó Tadhgáin, a surname.
* (male): From Teagan, from a diminutive of Irish Tadhg.

Janet Fielding's Tegan also says goodbye to Doctor Who in "Resurrection of the Daleks," and her farewell has an abrupt air to it.[…]Tegan simply has a temper tantrum and says she has seen too much violence. She then runs off into a warehouse and disappears.

1999, John Kenneth Muir, A Critical History of Doctor Who on Television, page 339:

The lad felt most honoured when Tegan called him her best friend.

2007, Christine Jones, Mariard, Volume 1: The Gifting, page 68

Canadian indie-rock duo Tegan and Sara Quin have spent a lifetime answering the question: "So which one of you is which?"

2007 August, Barry Walters, “How To Tell Tegan From Sara”, in Spin, page 44:

Following a restless and difficult day, Tegan, who is 11 weeks old, falls asleep cuddled up with her mother Carys on the sofa.

2011, Catherine Powell, Safeguarding And Child Protection For Nurses, Midwives And Health Visitors, page 126:

'But,' Tegan prompted, pulling Elise toward him like he wanted something firm to hold onto. 'But it was empty.'

2008, Lara Adrian, Midnight Awakening, published 2013, unnumbered page:

A male given name from Irish. Alternative form of Teagan.


Abood

Variation of Abboud, from Arabic عَابُّود (ʕābbūd).


Digby

en-proper noun

Digby (countable and uncountable, plural Digbies)

From Old English dīc (“dyke”) + Old Norse býr (“settlement”).
The town in Nova Scotia is named after admiral Robert Digby (1732 - 1815).

A male given name transferred from the surname.


Tarascan

Spanish tarasco, from a Purepecha word meaning indistinctly "father-in-law" or "son-in-law".


Algic

Blend of Allegheny + Atlantic. Coined by Henry Schoolcraft in his Algic Researches (1839) from the names of the Allegheny River and the Atlantic Ocean.

An indigenous language family of North America, comprising Wiyot, Yurok, and many Algonquian languages.


Janey

From Jane + -y, q.v.
Doublet of Ivanka, Jan, Janelle, Janet, Janine, Jeanette, Jeanie, Jeannette, Jeannine, Jen, Jenna, Jenny, Jessie, Jo, Jody, Juanita, Shanae, Sinead, and Vanna.

doublet

A diminutive of the female given name Jane.


Roumanian

en-adj

Roumanian (comparative more Roumanian, superlative most Roumanian)

more Roumanian (comparative)
most Roumanian (superlative)


Cordelia

/kɔːˈdiːlɪə/

Shakespeare's spelling of a historical British name appearing as Cordeilla, etc., possibly derived from the Latin saint's name Cordula.

What shall Cordelia do? Love, and be silent.

c. 1603–1606, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of King Lear”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:

"I don't believe I've ever run into a Delia before." "Well, it's Cordelia, really. My father named me that." "And are you one?" "Am I one what?" "Are you your father's Cordelia?"

1995, Anne Tyler, Ladder of Years, Knopf, →ISBN, page 8:


Jafaican

2006, June: Archibald St John Smith, How British is That?!: The Eccentric British Guide Book, pages 33–34 (Crombie Jardine Publishing Limited; →ISBN
Forget Cockney, Brummie, Geordie and Scouse, according to the Daily Mail — who else? — Jafaican is laying siege to our inner-city accents and is infiltrating the sacred English language. Soon we may all be familiar with creps (trainers), yard (home), yoot (child), blud (mate) and bitch (girlfriend).

[…] from Cockney, or East London, terminology to a style called “Jafaican”, which has elements of Jamaican and African street talk.

2007 March 16, Debbie Stowe, Paul Stump, Who is Borat?: The Unauthorized Biography of Sacha Baron Cohen, Barnes & Noble, →ISBN, page 122, →ISBN:

She is frowning, hiding her nervousness of Suzy’s presence behind the Jafaican babble.

2007 June 28, María Alvarez, Mirror, Mirror, Fig Tree, →ISBN, page 88, →ISBN:

One part of segregation not immediately obvious is language. I do not mean someone unable to speak the English language, although that is another variation on it; I mean the usage of ‘street’ talk or ‘Jafaican’ as it is sometimes referred to.

2007 December 17, Bobby Smith, Margaret Oshindele-Smith, One Love Two Colours: The Unlikely Marriage of a Punk Rocker and His African Queen, Troubador Publishing Ltd, →ISBN, pages 197–198:

In the early section of this chapter, I discussed attitudes to British Patois, a variety used by members of the West Indian community in Britain. While attitudes are always changing, and new varieties of Black English, such as Jafaican, are said to be developing, […]

2008, January: Janet Holmes, An Introduction to Sociolinguistics, page 413 (3rd edition; Pearson Education; →ISBN, 9781405821315)

a. 2009, Ignacio Ramos, A. Jesús Moya Guijarro, and José Ignacio Albentosa Hernández [eds.], New Trends in English Teacher Education, page 209 (Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha; →ISBN
In terms of its characteristics, MLE is anchored to a large extent in Jamaican Creole, throughout the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s a competitor to Cockney. But Kerswill et al report that it has now encompassed and synthesized elements of everything from Cockney and African English to Hindi, Bangladeshi languages and Arabic. For this reasons it is sometimes called, erroneously, “Hinglish” or “Jafaican”.

Multicultural London English
Multicultural London English

(informal, also used attributively) Multicultural London English.


Enceladan

(science fiction) An inhabitant of Enceladus (a moon of Saturn).


Dickon

Jockey of Norfolk, be not too bold,
 For Dickon thy master is bought and sold.

c. 1593 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Richard the Third: […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene iii]:

Dickon stood rubbing his rusty-red head with a rather puzzled look. "It's a secret garden sure enough," he said, "but seems like some one besides th' robin must have been in it since it was shut up ten year' ago."

1911, Frances Hodgson Burnett, The Secret Garden:

(dated) A diminutive of the male given name Richard.


Ganymedean

/ˌɡænəmɪˈdiː.ən/

(astronomy) Of or relating to the Jovian moon named for Ganymede, the largest in the Solar system.


Venerian

Venerian (comparative more Venerian, superlative most Venerian)

more Venerian (comparative)
most Venerian (superlative)

From Middle English venerien, either from Old French venerien or from Latin Venerius.


Mirandan

(astronomy) Of or relating to the Neptunian moon named for Miranda.


Charonian

/kəˈɹoʊnɪən/

/ʃəˈɹoʊnɪən/

From Charon + -ian, or from the alternative Latin oblique stem Charōnis.

The Charonians were proud of their frozen hell. Styxville was like Plutopolis, only less so.

1990, Donald Moffitt, A Gathering of Stars:

(science fiction) An inhabitant of Charon (a moon of Pluto).

Charonian staircase

a flight of steps from under the stage in ancient Greek theatre; used by arrivals from Hades.


Cererian

/səˈɹɪəɹɪ.ən/

From Latin Cereris, genitive case of Cerēs.

Sprinkled with salt and Cererean grain

1823, William Booth, “Nasidien”, in Flowers of Roman poesy, page 42:

An untilled soil its yearly growth of grain Cererian yields

1878, William Thomas Thornton, “Epode 16”, in Word for word from Horace, page 314:

As a divinity of the earth, Mefitis shows in fact two aspects: cererian, she is goddess of plowing [...], and chthonian

1986, Sarah Iles Johnston, The Journal of Indo-European studies, volume 14, page 44:

We find, for example, at Agnone a "Cererian" Hercules and at Rossano a "Mefitanian" Mamers (= Mars); presumably these two major Italic divinities, Hercules and Mamers, were the "guests" of Ceres and Mefitis

2004, Sarah Iles Johnston, Religions of the ancient world, page 233:

Of or relating to the Roman goddess Ceres


Rutul

The Lezgic (Northeast Caucasian) language of the Rutul people


Worimi

An Australian Aboriginal language spoken in New South Wales.


Pitta-Pitta

An extinct Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal suffixing language formerly spoken over a large region of western Queensland in the vicinity of Boulia.


Wageman

An Australian Aboriginal language spoken in the Northern Territory in Australia


scoutcraft

en-noun

scoutcraft (plural scoutcrafts or scoutcraft)

scoutcrafts (plural)
scoutcraft (plural)

Enemy scoutcraft, extreme range.

1994, Debra Doyle, James D. Macdonald, By Honor Betray'd:

In August 1954 a Venusian scoutcraft allegedly flew Adamski around the moon, showing him extraterrestrial cities and hangars as well as forests, lakes, and rivers.

1999, Jerome Clark, Unexplained!: Strange Sightings, Incredible Occurrences & Puzzling Physical Phenomena, Visible Ink Press, page 7:

He flies around the Galaxy all alone in just a little tiny scoutcraft?

2001, Douglas Kendall, Battle of Infinity City, page 298:

In the ensuing years it had never come to that, yet every scoutcraft was equipped with a self-destruct mechanism, and every commander was prepared at all times to activate it.

2006, Margaret Wander Bonanno, Strangers From The Sky, Pocket Books, page 32:

The nearer they closed in; tiny scoutcrafts could be seen continuingly migrating to and from them.

2013, Chris J. Berry, The Celestial Window, page 137:

(rare, science fiction, ufology) A spacecraft used for scouting.


Tamasheq

A southern Tuareg (Berber) language spoken primarily in Mali.


Inupiatun

Nouns in Inupiatun may be singular, dual, or plural.

2006, Ernest S. Burch, Social Life in Northwest Alaska: The Structure of Iñupiaq Eskimo Nations:


Mimantian

en-adj

Mimantian (comparative more Mimantian, superlative most Mimantian)

more Mimantian (comparative)
most Mimantian (superlative)


Sarcee

A native Canadian language of the Na-Dene family, spoken in Alberta.


Middle Latin

Roman Catholic Church
Roman Catholic Church

A form of the Latin language used in the Middle Ages, primarily as a medium of scholarly exchange and as the liturgical language of the medieval Roman Catholic Church, but also as a language of science, literature, law, and administration.


Boniface

A male given name from Latin of mainly historical use.


Bonifatius

From Late Latin Bonifātius, from bonus (“good”) + fātum (“fate”). See also Boniface.

A male given name from Latin of mainly historical use in English.


Yue

Borrowed from Mandarin 粵／粤 (yuè) or Mandarin 越 (yuè).

The Yue dialects are popularly known as the Cantonese dialects. [...] The speech of Canton City, which is Cantonese in its narrower sense, is the best known and most generally esteemed of the Yue dialects.

1989, S. Robert Ramsey, The Languages of China, page 98:

One form of Yue—that of Canton—has provided an umbrella term for the whole [language] complex—Cantonese.

2000, George L. Campbell, “YUE (Cantonese)”, in Compendium of the World's Languages, page 1793:

The modern variety of Chinese, which includes Cantonese and Taishanese.


Tall Blacks

Derived from All Blacks, the nickname of the New Zealand national rugby union team, with "All" replaced by "Tall" in reference to the often well-above-average height of basketball players.

the men's national basketball representative team of New Zealand


Opals

From opal, a gemstone mined in Australia.

Carrie Graf knows about coaching creative individual players, as she has coached women′s basketball superstar Lauren Jackson, who shot to fame as a 15-year-old and joined the Australian women′s Opals basketball team by 16.

2001, Australian Sports Commission, edited by Frank S. Pyke, Better Coaching: Advanced Coach′s Manual, 2nd edition, page 227:

This, combined with a sycophantic basketball press in Australia, created a weight of expectation that was slowly crushing the young player. Four months before the Olympics, Opals coach Maher lamented that he was having ‘a few too many’ talks with her on how to cope.

2002, Cameron Stewart, “High Hopes”, in Garrie Hutchinson, editor, The Best Australian Sports Writing, 2002, page 38:

She′d made the train on squad for the Australian Opals basketball team and also played rugby for the Sydney University woman′s team.

2009, Nick Ireland, The Popondetta Butterfly, page 34:

(chiefly Australia) The women's national basketball representative team of Australia.

Australia women's national basketball team


All Whites

From the all-white strip traditionally worn by the team. Also a play on the All Blacks, the New Zealand national rugby union team.

association football
association football

The men's national association football (soccer) representative team of New Zealand.


Slavey

From French Esclave, a calque of a Cree name, as the Cree called these people (and several other traditional enemies) slaves. In English, the final e came to be pronounced as if Slave were a native name; this pronunciation was first written Slavé and later Slavey.
The names of the Slave River, Lesser Slave River, Great Slave Lake and Lesser Slave Lake do not necessarily derive from the people now known as Slavey in English.

A language spoken by the Slavey peoples.


Xanthe

From Ancient Greek Ξανθή (Xanthḗ, literally “blond-haired”), from ξανθός (xanthós, “yellow”).

bor

"So that was Xanthe," she said in a musing tone.
"You're thinking it's a misnomer ,aren't you," Liam said.
"What?"
"Xanthe. It means 'golden'."
"Well, I'm sure she's very pleasant as a rule."
Liam had been referring to Xanthe's coloring―her brown hair and level dark eyebrows.

2009, Anne Tyler, Noah's Compass, Vintage, →ISBN, page 165:

Maura looked at her in bafflement. What had this to do with her? She knew no one called Xanthe. What sort of name was that, anyway?

2012, Anna Jacobs, The Trader's Dream, Hachette UK, →ISBN:

(rare) A female given name from Ancient Greek.


Isadore

A non-standard variant of Isidore, possibly inspired by the well-known feminine variant Isadora of Isidora.


Albina

From Latin Albina (name of a third-century martyr), feminine form of the Roman cognomen Albīnus, derivative of Latin albus (“white”).


Kez

She grabbed Kerry by the shoulders. Kez was still screaming. Vicki shook her. “Kerry, it's not real,” she whispered.

2003, Sue Simpson, Keepers of the Quantum: Lizard's Leap Two:

She doesn't like the way he orders Kerry around either. 'Kez'll make ya one,' he'd said automatically when Madeline said she'd love a nice cup of tea.

2004, Margaret Metz, Live by the Bottle:

A diminutive of the female given name Kerry.


Wenceslas

Good King Wenceslas look'd out, On the Feast of Stephen; / When the snow lay round about, Deep, and crisp, and e-ven: / Brightly shone the moon that night, Though the frost was cru-el, / When a poor man came in sight, Gath'ring win-ter fu-el.

1854, John Mason Neale, “Good King Wenceslas”, in J. M. Neale, T. Helmore, Carols for Christmas-tide: The Condensed Vocal Parts, London: Novello, →OCLC, page 37:

A male given name from the Slavic languages.


Wenceslaus

Latinization of a Slavic (Old Czech) name, from Proto-Slavic *Vęťeslavъ (from *vęťьjь (“greater, more”) + *slava (“fame, glory”)). Doublet of Vyacheslav.


Lowland Scots

The Germanic language variety traditionally spoken in Lowland Scotland and parts of Ulster, as distinct from Scottish Gaelic.


Supyire

A language, of the Senufo group, spoken in southeastern Mali


Kenyan Sign Language

A particular sign language, used in Kenya.


Leora

Possibly a variant of the modern Israeli name transliterated as Liora, from Hebrew "my light", or an American contraction of Leonora.

"No, they're— What do they call you?"
"Me? Oh, it's an idiotic name—Leora Tozer."

1925, Sinclair Lewis, Arrowsmith, chapter 6, section 3:


Yasmina

Variant of Jasmine, often representing a transliteration of the corresponding Arabic and Persian names.


Zamboanga Chavacano

From Spanish chabacano (“poor taste”) and Zamboanga.

A Spanish-based creole language spoken in the Philippines.


Makedonka

From Macedonian Македонка (Makedonka, “Macedonian girl”).

bor

Македонка Македонка#Macedonian

A transliteration of the Macedonian female given name Македонка (Makedonka)


Vietic

(linguistics) The Proto-Vietic language, the hypothetical last common ancestor of all Vietic languages.


Blasius

From Late Latin Blasius, name of a 3rd-4th century Armenian saint, possibly from Latin blaesus (“stammering”), or Latinized from an Ancient Greek name. Doublet of Blaise.


Milo

Stevie didn't care. At least he didn't have an oddball name like Milo and he never had to get up for church on Sunday.

1989, Pat Cadigan, Patterns, Ursus Imprints, →ISBN, page 12:

Just one thing, if I may, Mark said. It's Miles, his name. Not Milo.
Yeah, I know, Anna's always going on about that too. But Milo's better, Milo's got something about it, hasn't it? the man said. It's catchier. It's catching on round the camp, Milo, where Miles sounds a bit, well, wet. A bit middle class, you know?

2011, Ali Smith, There but for the, Hamish Hamilton, →ISBN, page 191:

A male given name from the Germanic languages.


Blaise

Borrowed from Old French Blaise in the Middle Ages and revived partly due to the modern French equivalent, from Latin Blasius. Doublet of Blasius.


Junior

A male given name, from a nickname for someone with the title [[Jr.] (junior).


Cerean

Pata'na was a Roman goddess who appears with greatly varied names, sometimes as a derivation from Ceres or a Cerean deity, and sometimes as Ceres herself.

1892, Charles Leland, Etruscan Roman Remains, published 2007, page 233:

Bouncing is something to be avoided in the low Cerean gravity: any bouncing here would have lifted me up against the café's green and white striped awning — and maybe on through it to interface violently with the 60 meters of carbonaceous chondrite rock that separate Clarkeville from the surface.

1994, Hayford Peirce, “Six Million Solid Gold Belter Buckles”, in Jonathan White: Stockbroker in Orbit, Wildside Press, published 2001, →ISBN, page 45:

If so, a commonality of Cerean life with Terran and possible Martian life ... could provide a strong corroboration of the "Ceres origin" hypothesis.

2012, Joop M. Houtkooper, Life on Earth and other Planetary Bodies, →ISBN, page 168:


Kimothy

An American 20th century coinage. Blend of Kim + Timothy?

(rare) A unisex given name originating as a coinage.


Baure

An Arawakan language spoken in Beni, Bolivia.


Kayden

A male given name originating as a coinage, variant of Caden.

(rare) A female given name originating as a coinage, variant of Caden.


Cayden

A male given name originating as a coinage.


Staci

"Giselle? That's not the name on the documents — "
"Oh no." Bob gave her a sad smile. "Her real name was Staci, but she once studied ballet, and Jeb thought she was so graceful, with her big brown eyes. Like Bambi. So the pet name went from Gazelle to Giselle. - - -

1995, Sharyn McCrumb, If I'd Killed Him When I Met Him, page 85:

A unisex given name from Ancient Greek, a 20th-century spelling variant of Stacy.


Sawney

Sawney Bean

But Sawney grew weary, and fain would be civil, / Being auld, and unfeary, and fail'd of his strength

1812, John Bell, Rhymes of Northern Bards, page 185:

A diminutive of the male given name Alexander, of Scots origin.


Tai Dam

A Tai-Kadai (Kradai) language spoken by 700,000 people in Vietnam, Thailand, Laos and China written in its own unique script, closely related to Lao and northern Thai.


Terah

And Joshua said unto all the people, Thus saith the Lord God of Israel, Your fathers dwelt on the other side of the flood in old time, even Terah, the father of Abraham, and the father of Nachor: and they served other gods.

(very rare) A male given name from Hebrew


Khasi

The Austroasiatic language of the Khasi people.


Judson

From a Middle English short form of the given name Jordan + son.

"Judd" was a name associated with a certain measure of sternness, sobriety, though in fact we Mulvaney children were rarely scolded and even more rarely punished: "Judson Andrew" which is my baptismal name was a name of such dignity and aspiration I never came to feel it could be mine, only something borrowed like a Hallowe'en mask.

1996, Joyce Carol Oates, We Were the Mulvaneys, Harper Perennial, published 2007, →ISBN, page 4:

A male given name transferred from the surname.


Judd

From a Middle English short form of the given name Jordan.

A male given name from Hebrew, today often transferred back from the surname.


Octavian

From Latin Octavianus, derivative of Octāvius.

(historical) A male given name from Latin, notably borne by Augustus (Caesar) between 44 and 27 BCE


Blaine

en-proper noun

Blaine (countable and uncountable, plural Blaines)

A male or unisex given name transferred from the surname.


Sita

Borrowed from Sanskrit सीता (sītā, “furrow”).

It is only this late in the day, and possibly only in Willesden, that you can find best friends Sita and Sharon, constantly mistaken for each other because Sita is white (her mother liked the name) and Sharon is Pakistani (her mother thought it best — less trouble).

2000, Zadie Smith, White Teeth, London: Hamish Hamilton, →ISBN, pages 282–283:

A female given name from Sanskrit mainly used in India.


Sheba

And when the queen of Sheba heard of the fame of Solomon concerning the name of the LORD, she came to prove him with hard questions.

(biblical) A former kingdom in the Red Sea region. An ancient kingdom in Arabia or possibly in Africa. Frequently equated with ancient Saba.

And there happened to be there a man of Belial, whose name was Sheba, the son of Bichri, a Benjamite: and he blew a trumpet, and said, We have no part in David, neither have we inheritance in the son of Jesse: every man to his tents, O Israel.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 2 Samuel 20:1:

(very rare outside the Bible) A male given name from Hebrew.


Sheba

'I was kinda sweet on her my own self. Sheba Otis, her name was then.' I was surprised. 'She married a Queen? Which one?' 'Can't say.' He sighed. 'Her name's Bathsheba, but she never liked that much.'

1996, Martha Grimes, Hotel Paradise, Headline, →ISBN, page 172:


Microshaft

Blend of Microsoft + shaft (in slang sense; see shafted).

(computing, slang, derogatory) The computer company Microsoft.


Winblows

Blend of Windows + blows (in the slang sense where something that "blows" is worthless or inferior). First use appears c. 1997 in the periodical Working Woman.

Winblows regrets that it is "Not Justice Department Approved."

1998, Newsweek, Incorporated, Newsweek, Volume 131, page 12:

Ring me when Winblows becomes free, or when there are free dev tools for it!

1999, John Purcell (editor), Linux, The Complete Reference; The Advanced Reference · Book 2, page 319:

While many users run versions of Linux or Unix on their PCs, most PC users run some flavor of Windows (often referred to by Mac and Unix users as WinDoze or WinBlows).

2003, David Chappelle, Protect Yourself Online, How to Cover Your Assets Every Time You Log On, page 27:

(computing, slang, derogatory) The Microsoft Windows operating system.


Munsee

From Munsee mŭnúsunk (“at the island”), from munús (“island”). Compare Ojibwe minis (“island”), minising (“at the island”).

They stare at her like she’s just spoken in Munsee.

2020, N. K. Jemisin, The City We Became, Orbit, page 298:

An endangered Eastern Algonquian language, one of the two Lenape/Delaware languages (the other is called Unami), spoken aboriginally in the vicinity of what is now New York City.


Sudanese Arabic

A dialect of Arabic spoken in northern Sudan.


Padma

Borrowed from Sanskrit पद्म (padma, “lotus”), which the river was named for. Doublet of Pema.

bor+

A female given name from Sanskrit in India.


Jennabeth

His secretary-administrative assistant, also a new Consortium staff member, is Jennabeth Ward, a recent graduate of the University of Texas.

1969, The San Francisco Consortium, Quarterly Newsletter, volumes 1-3, page 8:

A female given name originating as a coinage.


Queen's English

But I am not so timid, and can speak the Queen's English plainly.

1882, Robert Louis Stevenson, “The Story of the Young Man with the Cream Tarts”, in New Arabian Nights:

Picking up the different points of land was often the source of a joke, for our master was not blessed with the most perfect command of the Queen's English, and I overheard one morning the following nautical dialogue: "Look out, ahoy!" - speaking to the man in the foretop.

1887, Harriet W. Daly, Digging, Squatting, and Pioneering Life in the Northern Territory of South Australia, page 33:

He murdered the Queen's English every time he spoke.

1913, E. Phillips Oppenheim, chapter 22, in The Double Life Of Mr. Alfred Burton:

In the movies, bankable Brits fall into one of two categories: those who live in stately homes and possess a firm grasp of the Queen's English, and those who live in cottages or tenements and possess accents thick enough to caulk boats.

2006 April 7, Jeanette Catsoulis, “Movie Review: On a Clear Day (2005)”, in New York Times, retrieved 2010-08-15:

They've obviously never met before, but are getting on like a house on fire. Both are well-spoken and versed in the Queen's English. [this was possibly written before Queen Elizabeth II died]

2022 November 16, Paul Bigland, “From rural branches to high-speed arteries”, in RAIL, number 970, page 52:

(often preceded by the) Especially in England, spoken or written English which is standard, characterised by grammatical correctness, proper usage of words and expressions, and (when spoken) formal British pronunciation.


King's English

What, Iohn Rugby, I pray thee goe to the Caſement, and ſee if you can ſee my Maſter, Maſter Docter Caius comming: if he doe (I’faith) and finde any body in the houſe; here will be an old abuſing of Gods patience, and the Kings Engliſh.

c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merry Wiues of Windsor”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iv], page 42, column 1:

"Spake it out, man," exclaimed the landlady; "spake it out in king's English; what for should ye be talking Indian in a room full of Christian folks?"

1823, James Fenimore Cooper, chapter 13, in The Pioneers:

I venture to say that in a fifteen-minute conversation he would commit more horrible crimes against the king's English than even that new stable-boy of yours.

1921, Edgar Rice Burroughs, chapter 14, in The Efficiency Expert:

The O.E.D. is unlike any other dictionary. . . . It wants every word, all the lingo: idioms and euphemisms, sacred or profane, dead or alive, the King’s English or the street’s.

2006 November 5, James Gleick, “Cyber-Neologoliferation”, in New York Times, retrieved 2010-08-15:


Wren

Originally a nickname from Middle English wrenne (“wren”).

"What's ironic," Alexandra said, "is that Mother named her Wren because as a newborn she reminded Mother of a shy bird. Little did she know."

2000, Rebecca Wade, A Wanted Woman, Avon Books, →ISBN, page 53:

(rare) A male or female given name from English from the noun wren.


Rach

A diminutive of the female given name Rachel.


Louisiana Creole French

Louisiana Creole
Louisiana Creole#English


adminiculate

en-verb

adminiculate (third-person singular simple present adminiculates, present participle adminiculating, simple past and past participle adminiculated)

adminiculates (present singular third-person)
adminiculating (participle present)
adminiculated (participle past)
adminiculated (past)

(transitive, Scots law) To prove; to corroborate.


Reuel

These are the names of Esau's sons; Eliphaz the son of Adah the wife of Esau, Reuel the son of Bashemath the wife of Esau.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 36:10:


Jyothis

/ˈd͡ʒoːt̪ɪs/

Borrowed from Sanskrit ज्योतिस् (jyotis, literally “light”).


Middle Armenian

Middle period of the Armenian language, written down in the 11-17th centuries. Developed from Old Armenian, replaced by modern Armenian.