outfit doctor

An outfit doctor was initiated by the relative whose place he was to take and whose outfit he inherited.

1926, Edwin M. Loeb, “Pomo Folkways”, in University of California Publications in Anthropology, Archaeology & Ethnology, volume 19, number 2, page 326:

There was none of the specialization of shamans found in adjacent areas. The social pattern demanded no rattlesnake shamans, no weather shamans, no bear shamans, no outfit doctors, no exclusive poisoners.

1935, Cora Du Bois, “Wintu Ethnography”, in University of California Publications in Anthropology, Archaeology & Ethnology, volume 36, number 1, page 88:

Outfit doctor: No supernatural experience required. Technique "picked up" by watching such a doctor practice or serving as one of his seconds. Outfit: feather headdress; antidotes such as rocks, parts of snakes and frogs, feathers of hawk, eagle, crow, or owl (hawk feathers especially potent); cocoon rattle (4 cocoons, handle 1 ft. long); double crane-bone whistle; no clothing except headdress.

1936, Harold E. Driver, “Wappo Ethnography”, in University of California Publications in Anthropology, Archaeology & Ethnology, volume 36, number 3, page 197:

(anthropology) A doctor (shaman) in certain cultures who was a doctor by virtue of their magical paraphernalia and the techniques they learned, rather than from supernatural experiences such as dreams and visions.


euopisthobranch

Clipping of translingual Euopisthobranchia

clipping

translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Euopisthobranchia</i>

(malacology) Any gastropod in the clade Euopisthobranchia


crow-line

(ornithology) The straight and direct path of a crow's flight.


xiphiiform

The sword and the spear are formed of the greatly produced premaxillary bones and constitute the most marked character of the xiphiiform fishes.

1940, Eugene Willis Gudger, The Alleged Pugnacity of the Swordfish and the Spearfishes as Shown by Their Attacks on Vessels, page 219:

Scientific investigation on xiphiiform fishes from Formosa

1955, Joel Asaph Allen, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, page 356:


eraillure

Borrowed from French éraillure (“scar”).

(archaeology) A flake removed from a lithic flake's bulb of force.


aquincubital

(ornithology) Lacking a fifth cubital remex.


quincubital

(ornithology) Having a fifth cubital remex.


octopodoid

(zoology) A member of the cephalopod superfamily Octopodoidea.


myrmeleontoid

(entomology) A lacewing in the superfamily Myrmeleontoidea.


callorhynchid

(paleontology, ichthyology) A fish in the family Callorhynchidae, now considered a synonym of the Callorhinchidae.


water snail

From water + snail. Compare land snail, sea snail, etc.

(zoology) An aquatic (usually freshwater) snail.

especially, a pond snail (Lymnaeidae spp.)


acciptrid

(zoology) Any bird from the Accipitridae family


Henry's pocket

If you examine a dog's ear very gently, you will find a little fold of skin ... known as Henry's pocket

1971, Olive Royston, Living Creatures of an English Home, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, →ISBN, page 64:

[M]ites can be seen ... in Henry's pocket of the ear (especially in cats)

1991, D. I. Grant, Skin Diseases in the Dog and Cat, 2nd edition, Oxford: Blackwell, →ISBN, page 44:

The small folds of skin found inside cats' ears are called 'Henry's pockets'

2021 March 26, “Feline Friday Adoptable 'Cool Cats'”, in Greenville Daily Advocate, Greenville, OH, page 2:

(anatomy, zoology) The cutaneous marginal pouch in the ear of an animal, especially a cat or dog.


myoglossatan

en-adj

myoglossatan (comparative more myoglossatan, superlative most myoglossatan)

more myoglossatan (comparative)
most myoglossatan (superlative)

suf

translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Myoglossata</i>

Based on molecular data, Kristensen et al. (2015) contradicted the myoglossatan monophyly, in favour of the clade Acanthopteroctetidae + ...

2022 June 27, Weiting Zhang, Chungkun Shih, Michael S. Engel, Dong Ren, Cretaceous lophocoronids with short proboscis and retractable female genitalia provide the earliest evidence for their feeding and oviposition habits:

Other putative myoglossatan au- tapomorphies include the somewhat enlarged median mesonotal wing process, as well as the upwards bend of acrotergite I and ...

1998, Teilband/Part 35 Volume 1: Evolution, Systematics, and Biogeography:

(zoology) Of or pertaining to the clade Myoglossata, including butterflies and moths.


philinoid

(malacology) Any member of the superfamily Philinoidea of sea slugs.


daily torpor

(biology, zoology) A type of heterothermy which lasts less than 24 hours and is accompanied by continued foraging.


tachymetabolism

(biology, zoology) A fast metabolism at rest.


physonome

(entomology) A blister-shaped area of damage on a leaf caused by a leaf miner.


vasodentin

(zoology) Dentin containing capillaries found in some vertebrates.


glyptosaurine

Clipping of translingual Glyptosaurinae + -ine

clipping

translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Glyptosaurinae</i>

suf

(paleontology, zoology) Any extinct anguid lizard of the subfamily Glyptosaurinae, known for their osteoderms.


nucleoconch

en-noun

nucleoconch (plural nucleoconchs or nucleoconches)

nucleoconchs (plural)
nucleoconches (plural)

This nucleoconch is less than half the size of that seen in the sections of D. crassa.

1945, John West Wells, American Old and Middle Tertiary Larger Foraminifera and Corals, page 77:

A microspheric nucleoconch does not have an obvious deuteroconch, and is followed by a spiral nepionic stage, no matter what the adult chamber arrangement may be.

1954, Alan Hilder Smout, Lower Tertiary Foraminifera of the Qatar Peninsula, British Museum (Natural History), page 25:

(zoology) The embryonic shell of a foraminifera, especially the protoconch and deuteroconch of a megalospheric form.


licinine

(entomology) Any member of the Licininae subfamily of beetles.


littorarian

suf

translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Littoraria</i>

(zoology) Any sea snail in the genus Littoraria, which are a genus of periwinkles.


warty thick-toed gecko

en-noun

warty thick-toed gecko (plural warty thick-toed geckos)

From warty + thick-toed gecko (gecko of genus "Elasmodactylus").

com

(zoology) Elasmodactylus tuberculosus, a species of eastern-African gecko.


supratrochanteric

(zoology, anatomy) Above the trochanter of the femur.


eulepidine

If it should appear, as Yabe believes (1929), that L. ephippioides is also of the eulepidine type, then there is no specific difference between the two last mentioned species […]

1937, Joseph Augustine Cushman, Raymond Cecil Moore, John Bernard Reeside, Journal of Paleontology, volume 11, page 104:

The embryonic chambers are eulepidine.

1953, U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper, page 36:

The trybliolepidine type has developed independently from the eulepidine.

2015, Vladimir Pokorný, John W. Neale, Principles of Zoological Micropalaeontology, page 438:

(zoology) Having an embryonic apparatus in which the protoconch is completely enveloped by the deuteroconch, both chambers adhering only at one point of contact.


sympathetic magic

(anthropology) A type of magic based on imitation or correspondence.


dacine

clipping

translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Dacinae</i>

Objective 3 included the incorporation of several thousand additional specimens into the web-accessible, Afrotropical tephritid database (M. De Meyer and I. White) and the revision of Afrotropical dacines (White).

(Can we date this quote?), United States Department of Agriculture, AFRICAN TEPHRITIDAE: INVASIVE SPECIES THREATENING U.S. FRUIT & VEGETABLE PRODUCTS:

(entomology) Any fruit fly of the tephritid subfamily Dacinae.


acanthocinine

Also collected one A. cazieri on a rain gauge, Mecas rotundicollis and one as yet undetermined acanthocinine cerambycid on miscellaneous foliage, one tiger beetle (Cicindela sedecimpunctata?) on the roadside, and two orange lycids in flight.

2022 May 14, Ted C. MacRae, Cupressaceae:

(entomology) Any longhorn beetle of the tribe Acanthocinini.


ceratitidine

en-adj

ceratitidine (comparative more ceratitidine, superlative most ceratitidine)

more ceratitidine (comparative)
most ceratitidine (superlative)

suf

translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Ceratitidi</i>

The research included development of a diagnostic tool for identification of ceratitidine tephritids, and we had an opportunity to test this on maggots that were intercepted from a shipment originating in Europe.

(entomology) Related to flies of the tephritid tribe Ceratitidini.


clytrine

I was committed to trying to find Agrilus on the plants—a single individual of which I’d beaten from the plants three days earlier, and after beating several plants and seeing none (but collecting a great number of clytrine and cryptocephaline chrysomelids along with other insects) I finally found one!

(entomology) Of or pertaining to the beetles of the tribe Clytrini or the former family Clytrinae.


cactus longhorn beetle

en-noun

cactus longhorn beetle (plural cactus longhorn beetles)

We checked the cholla (Cylindropuntia imbricata) along the way hoping to see Coenopoeus palmeri (one of the cactus longhorns, which I’m not sure has been recorded from Oklahoma) or at least one of the more widespread Moneilema species, but none were seen (nor really expected).

(coleopterology, entomology) Any beetle of the genus Moneilema, which are commonly found on cacti.


cryptocephaline

From ultimately translingual Cryptocephalus + -ine.

suf

ultimately translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Cryptocephalus</i>

I rarely get anything beating Sideroxylon lanuginosum (gum bumelia), but I beat most of the trees that I saw anyway and collected one cryptocephaline chrysomelid and two curculionoids.

(entomology) Of or pertaining to the subfamily Cryptocephalinae or the tribe Cryptocephalini.


bumelia borer

A notable find was the pile of larval frass of Plinthocoelium suaveolens (bumelia borer) at the base of a living Sideroxylon lanuginosum (gum bumelia) tree—a sure sign of active infestation by a beetle I have yet to formally record from this place.

(coleopterology, entomology) Plinthocoelium suaveolens, a species of beetle which bores into bumelia trees.


enoplan

(zoology) Of or relating to the worms of the class Enopla.


true sole

(ichthyology) Any sole of the family Soleidae.


sisoroid

(ichthyology) Any member of the Sisoroidea superfamily of catfish.


anteroverted

en-adj

anteroverted (comparative more anteroverted, superlative most anteroverted)

more anteroverted (comparative)
most anteroverted (superlative)

/ˌæn.t͡ʃɹəˈvɝː.tɪd/

The head is small and placed upon a short, distinct neck, and is thus less sessile than in Proterotherium, more antroverted and with the pit for the round ligament less extended proximally, but of similar ovoid shape, with the long axis directed anteroposteriorly.

1901, John Bell Hatcher, Reports of the Princeton University Expeditions to Patagonia, 1896-1899, volume 7:

If the uterus is sharply antroverted or retroverted, it is often difficult to determine whether the os is open or closed as the axis of the cervix and the endometrial cavity lie in different planes.

1999, Robert G. Dart, Beth Kaplan, Kalli Varaklis, “Predictive value of history and physical examination in patients with suspected ectopic pregnancy”, in Annals of Emergency Medicine, volume 33, number 3, →DOI:

The operator maintains a view on the image screen as the transducer is advanced along the anterior vaginal wall, with the goal of final placement in the anterior fornix for the 90% of patients with an anteroverted uterus.

2017, James A. Connolly, Beatrice Hoffmann, Anthony J. Dean, Robert D. Jarman, Emergency Point-of-Care Ultrasound, page 129:


hell pig

As if hell pigs were not enough of a blight on the Oligocene landscape, Europe was home to two more groups of pig-like creatures.

2018, Tim Flannery, Europe: The First 100 Million Years, Penguin, published 2019, page 86:

(zoology) An extinct pig-like mammal of the family Entelodontidae; an entelodont.


herpie

From herpetologist + -ie (“diminutive suffix”).

suffix

(colloquial) A herpetologist or reptile enthusiast.


submargin

The ears are brownish, more or less rusty, the extreme edge whitish, particularly on the posterior border, the apical third externally with a submargin of black, expanding towards the tip into a broad blackish subapical spot.

1894, Joel Asaph Allen, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, page 108:

Glumes slightly unequal […] ; florets slightly shorter than the longer glume; lemma ciliate on the margins or submargins in the upper part

2005, Katy Mallett, Flora of Australia (volume 44, part 2, page 137)

(entomology) An area parallel to a margin but slightly further in.


chaîne opératoire

(anthropology, archaeology) The technical processes and social acts involved in the production, use, and eventual disposal of artifacts; used to guide step-by-step analysis.


unilineal evolution

en-noun

unilineal evolution (usually uncountable, plural unilineal evolutions)

Of course, when we speak in broadly evolutionary terms, to do so need not imply the simplistic notion of unilineal evolution, with the suggestion that human developments always follow the same sequential pattern.

2008, Colin Renfrew, Prehistory: The Making of the Human Mind, Modern Library, →ISBN, page 89:

(social sciences, anthropology) The theory, now considered obsolete, that societies evolve in a single direction toward complexity, progress, and civilization.


dithrycine

clipping

translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Dithrycini</i>

... Artemisia (B. Merz, unpublished data); however, Ptiloedaspis does not share synapomorphies with other dithrycines, which induce stem galls on Artemisia.

(Can we date this quote?), Phylogenetic relationships, ecology and ecological genetics of cecidogeneous Tephritidae. Raman, A., Schaefer, C. W., Withers, T. M., eds: Biology, Ecology and Evolution of Gall-Inducing Arthropods. Enfield, New Hampshire, USA:

(entomology) Any fly of the tribe Dithrycini.


anomine

(entomology) Any moth of the tribe Anomini.


flakage

(archaeology) The presence of flaking in an artifact.


flatnose

the flatnose catshark

the flatnose xenocongrid eel

(zoology) Designating various organisms that have a flat nose.


clausilid

(malacology) Any member of the Clausiliidae family of terrestrial snails.


laminiplantation

(zoology, rare) The quality of being laminiplantar.


Peckhamian

From Peckham + -ian, after George and Elizabeth Peckham.

(zoology) Of or relating to aggressive mimicry.


aggressive mimicry

(zoology) A form of mimicry in which predators, parasites, or parasitoids share similar signals, using a harmless model, allowing them to avoid being correctly identified by their prey or host.


diprotodontoid

(zoology) Any marsupial in the vombatiform superfamily Diprotodontoidea.


larvarium

Such a range of shelving, facing north, forms an excellent larvarium; the winds will blow about your larvæ and they will be reared in a state which closely approaches the natural one.

1943, Philip Bertram Murray Allan, Talking of Moths, page 318:

At the end of his so remote, so near, 1884 summer Van, before leaving Ardis, was to make a visit of adieu to Ada's larvarium.

1969, Vladimir Nabokov, Ada or Ardor: A Family Chronicle:


otarine

Apart from having pinnae on the external ears, the otarine seals can at once be distinguished on land from phocids by their method of locomotion.

1972, David Edward Gaskin, Whales, Dolphins and Seals, page 153:

(zoology) Of or relating to the eared seals.


xenocongrid

The vomerine dentition in a single median series distinguishes it from these and all other xenocongrids […]

1939, Notulae Naturae of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, numbers 373-436:

The posterior nostril in xenocongrids lies immediately before the center of the eye, on the outside of the upper lip, or inside the confines of the mouth; in the muraenids, it nearly always lies above the eye.

1993, James E. Böhlke, Charles C. G. Chaplin, Fishes of the Bahamas and Adjacent Tropical Waters, page 70:

(zoology) Any eel from the family Xenocongridae, the false morays (chlopsids).


bone-crushing dog

en-noun

bone-crushing dog (plural bone-crushing dogs)

Carnivore damage and age distribution of the bones of the rhinoceros Teleoceras suggest that the bone-crushing dog Osteoborus, or a related carnivore, significantly influenced the accumulation of some of the vertebrate fossils.

He also saw many bone splinters which appeared to have been worked by humans. (We now know that they were fractured by an extinct family of bone-crushing dogs)

2002, Donald R. Prothero, Robert M. Schoch, Associate Professor of Science and Mathematics Robert M Schoch, Horns, Tusks, and Flippers: The Evolution of Hoofed Mammals, JHU Press, →ISBN, page 36:

Bone-crushing dogs, which are only distantly related to living wolves and coyotes, possessed heavy skulls and jaws and large, broad teeth.

2010, Rex Buchanan, Kansas Geology: An Introduction to Landscapes, Rocks, Minerals, and Fossils, University Press of Kansas, page 150:

(zoology) Any of a subfamily (Borophaginae) of large extinct canids of North America, noted for powerful teeth and jaws.


rhizostomatid

Clipping of translingual Rhizostomatidae

clipping

translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Rhizostomatidae</i>

(zoology) Any true jellyfish of the family Rhizostomatidae.


Eweland

(anthropology, ethnology) The traditional homeland or domains of the Ewe people.


particoloured bat

en-noun

particoloured bat (plural particoloured bats)

(zoology, chiropterology) A species of vesper bat that lives in temperate Eurasia, eastwards over the Caucasus and Iran into Mongolia, northeast China, Korea, Afghanistan and northern Pakistan.


Nenets Herding Laika

Nenets Herding Laika (plural Nenets Herding Laikas)

Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug
Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug

(zoology, cynology) An aboriginal spitz landrace of dog originating from the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, in Russia.


co-feed

en-verb

co-feed (third-person singular simple present co-feeds, present participle co-feeding, simple past and past participle co-fed)

co-feeds (present singular third-person)
co-feeding (participle present)
co-fed (participle past)
co-fed (past)

The two ape bands went on to co-feed in the same tree, or forage alongside each other for different foods.

(intransitive, zoology) To feed together with a different taxon


cultural anthropologist

en-noun

cultural anthropologist (plural cultural anthropologists)

cultural anthropology
cultural anthropology

(anthropology) An anthropologist who specializes in cultural anthropology.


Prussian carp

Prussian carp (plural Prussian carp or Prussian carps)

Prussian carp (plural)
Prussian carps (plural)

(ichthyology) A member of the family Cyprinidae, which includes other fish such as the common carp, goldfish, and the smaller minnows.


dingonek

A large fanged, scaly cryptid with leopard-like markings and a finny tail, reported from near Lake Victoria in 1907.


whitenose

(zoology) Designating various creatures with a white nose.


radiometric age

radiometric age (plural radiometric ages)

2001, Allen H. Andrews, Erica J. Burton, Kenneth H. Coale, Gregor M. Cailliet, Roy E. Crabtree, Radiometric age validation of Atlantic tarpon, Megalops atlanticus, Fishery Bulletin, Volume 99, Issue 3, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, page 394,
For older age groups and individual cores, annulus-derived age was higher than radiometric age by as much as 21.8 years and lower than radiometric age by as much as 23 years.

For additional radiometric ages and references to the radiometric ages in the table above see Dickinson, (1997), Wilson et al., (2005) and Tables A1–A6 in Hall, (2002).

2007, Clarence A. Hall Jr., Introduction to the Geology of Southern California and Its Native Plants, University of California Press, page 129:

Use is made of a smoothing spline fit on the two way plot between the composite standard scaling of the stages (Table 23.2) and radiometric ages.

2012, Felix. M. Gradstein, James G. Ogg, Mark D. Schmitz, Gabi M. Ogg, The Geologic Time Scale 2012, Elsevier, page 638:

(archaeology, paleontology, geology, geochronology) The age of a material as determined by radiometric dating.


Missouri canary

Missouri canary (plural Missouri canaries)

(zoology, rare) A mule; a sterile hybrid of a donkey and a horse.


Blue Sucker

(ichthyology) A long-lived freshwater species of fish in the sucker family that is of conservation concern.


meadow jumping mouse

meadow jumping mouse (plural meadow jumping mice)

(zoology) A jumping mouse found in moist habitats throughout much of Canada and the northeastern United States, Zapus hudsonius.


lygosomine

In both these studies, the lygosomine skinks examined had a diploid number of 2n = 30.

1979, New Zealand Journal of Zoology, volume 6, number 3, page 609:

Not all of the wholly viviparous lygosomine genera are likely to represent independent origins of viviparity; some may have inherited viviparity from a live-bearing ancestor.

2004, D. R. Khanna, Biology of Reptiles, page 221:

The agamid Physignathus lesueurii is at least semi-aquatic as are four members of the Australian lygosomine skink genus Eulamprus (E. quoyii, E. leuraensis, E. kosciuskoi, E. tympanum).

2008, E. V. Balian, C. Lévêque, H. Segers, Freshwater Animal Diversity Assessment, page 584:

(zoology) Any skink belonging to the subfamily Lygosominae.


gorilline

A very fragmentary canine tooth of a putative "gorilline” was reported by Cecchi and Pickford in 1989 from Nkondo, western Uganda, dating to perhaps 3.5 ma ( see Boaz, 1994 ).

1995, Noel Thomas Boaz, Linda D. Wolfe, Biological Anthropology: The State of the Science, page 36:

In this contribution we adopt a less radical solution: we lump all the great apes into the family Hominidae; within that grouping, we recognizes ^([sic]) three living subfamilies, the Ponginae (or “pongines”) for the orangutans, the Gorillinae (or “gorillines”) for the gorillas, and the Homininae (or "hominines") for both modern humans and chimpanzees.

2004, Joel Cracraft, Michael J. Donoghue, Assembling the Tree of Life, page 518:

Its dental traits strongly indicate that it is the earliest species of the subfamily Gorillinae, suggesting that the last common ancestor between hominines (chimpanzees and humans) and gorillines may have lived more than 10 million years ago, that is, 2 million years earlier than the previously believed date of divergence based on DNA molecular-clock calibrations.

2010, H. James Birx, 21st Century Anthropology: A Reference Handbook:

(zoology) Any hominid in the proposed subfamily Gorillinae (corresponding to the tribus Gorillini).


passaloid

(entomology, rare) Any member of the Passaloidea superfamily of beetles.


acteonoid

(malacology) Any member of the Acteonoidea superfamily of snails.


secundly

[…] stem prostrate with a terminal tuft of secundly curved linear leaves […]

1894, Joseph Dalton Hooker, Orchideae to Cyperaceae, page 268:

(botany, zoology) In a secund arrangement.


fungus-growing ant

fungus-growing ant (plural fungus-growing ants)

Fungus-growing ants (Attini) are in reality unique fungus-culturing insects.

1966 August 5, NEAL A. WEBER, “Fungus-Growing Ants: A symbiotic relationship exists between an insect and a plant, involving an effective culturing technique.”, in Science.org:

The fungus-growing ants are a New World group of > 200 species, all obligate symbionts with a fungus they use for food.

(Can we date this quote?), “Fungus growing ants”, in AntWiki:

(entomology) Any ant of the tribe Attini, which grow fungi in their ant colonies using food scraps, the fungi are then used to feed the colony.


pseudomorphine

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-pseudomorphine.wav

Relationships of pseudomorphines to other harpaline tribes are unsettled as stated by Deuve (1993: 98).

2012, Yves Bousquet, Catalogue of Geadephaga (Coleoptera, Adephaga) of America, North of Mexico, page 66:

Known only from trap samples, nothing is known about their habits, although researchers suspect that they may be associated with ants or termites, like other pseudomorphines.

2023, Arthur V. Evans, The Lives of Beetles: A Natural History of Coleoptera, page 146:

(zoology) Any ground beetle of the tribe Pseudomorphini, within the family Carabidae.


OSL

(physics, geophysics, geology, paleontology, anthropology, archaeology) Initialism of optically stimulated luminescence.


peltogaster

(zoology) Any member of the genus Peltogaster.


zoeform

en-adj

zoeform (comparative more zoeform, superlative most zoeform)

more zoeform (comparative)
most zoeform (superlative)

How far the young lobster is zoeform, may be seen on a comparison of it with the figure of the Zoe, p.275.

1835, Magazine of Natural History, volume 8, page 483:

Crustacea.—Embryos are often dissimilar from the adult form. The most conspicuous of these is the larva (Zoe) of the Decapoda, and the active zoeform young of Cirripedia (barnacles) and Lernæacea (lerneans).

1874, Harrison Allen, Outlines of Comparative Anatomy and Medical Zoology, page 131:


larentiine

We report a larentiine species, Collix stellata Warren, for the first time from Korea.

2011 July 20, Sei-Woong Choi, “A New Record of Collix stellata (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) from Korea”, in The Korean Journal of Systematic Zoology:

The present study provides a first inventory of the primary type specimens of larentiine moth species (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) described from Indonesia.

2015 July 17, Olga Schmidt, “List of primary types of the larentiine moth species (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) described from Indonesia - a starting point for biodiversity assessment of the subfamily in the region”, in Biodivers Data Journal:

(lepidopterology, entomology) Any moth in the geometrid subfamily Larentiinae.


ant mimicry

myrmecomorphy (the mimicry of ants by other animals)


japygoid

For example, there are 32 species endemic to California, but no japygoids have been reported from Nicaragua, El Salvador, or Belize in Central America, or from many states in the United States and Mexico.

1981, The Pearce-Sellards Series, numbers 33-46, page 1:

(zoology) Any hexapod of the superfamily Japygoidea.


semiburrowing

Some terrestrial forms are semiburrowing, whereas others are arboreal (tree dwelling).

2011, John P. Rafferty, Reptiles and Amphibians, page 241:


unsided

Upper limbs: fragment unsided ulna shaft. Lower limbs: left proximal femur shaft segment; fragment each of unsided tibia and fibula shaft.

2022, William Britnell, Alasdair Whittle, The First Stones, page 202:

(archaeology) Originating from an uncertain side of the body, either left or right.


amphiesmenopteran

From translingual Amphiesmenoptera + -an.

suf

translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Amphiesmenoptera</i>

(entomology) Any insect of the taxon Amphiesmenoptera - including lepidopterans (butterflies and moths).


odontomach

clipping

translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Odontomachus</i>

Their anthills and their environs were littered with the severed heads of giant odontomachs, which even spiders fear and respect.

2018 November 18, “Scientists have discovered the secret of ants who collect the ...”, in Planet Today:

In most ants, their jaws are thin sticks with which insects pick up food. But in others, odontomachs, widely distributed in hot regions of ...

2022 July 23, “VIDEO. Supersonic toothed ant jaw – Sciences et Avenir”, in GeekyNews, archived from the original on 2022-12-05:

(myrmecology, entomology) Any ant of the genus Odontomachus.


harpaline

[…] some genera listed by Jeannel as selenophorines were shifted to the harpaline group, and vice versa […]

1959, The Coleopterists' Bulletin, volume 13, page 61:

The harpaline genus Chydaeus includes about 25 species […]

(zoology) Belonging to the taxonomic tribe Harpalini.


harpaline

In many ditomines and harpalines, the males possess four laterally extended tarsi, but both sexes climb on umbelliferous plants and other herbs with the same ease.

2000, Pietro Brandmayr, Natural History and Applied Ecology of Carabid Beetles, page 87:

(zoology) Any member of the taxonomic tribe Harpalini.


symphily

(entomology) The condition of being a symphile.


semihorny

(chiefly zoology) Somewhat or partially horny (hard or bony).


coliadine

(lepidopterology, entomology) Any butterfly in the subfamily Coliadinae.


dynastine

(zoology) Any beetle in the subfamily Dynastinae, the rhinoceros beetles.


Nebra sky disc

Named after the German town of Nebra, Germany, near which it was discovered in 1999.

The Nebra Sky Disc is one of archaeology's prime finds because its cosmological iconography offers a unique insight into the mental processes of Bronze Age people.

2013, Harald Meller, “Chapter 14A: The Sky Disc of Nebra”, in Harry Fokkens, Anthony Harding, editors, The Oxford Handbook of the European Bronze Age, Oxford University Press, page 266:

Discovered near the town of Nebra in Germany, the Nebra sky disc is believed by archaeoastronomers to be a Bronze Age durable sky map dating back to 1600 BC.

2013, Chris Impey, Holly Henry, “Dreams of Other Worlds”, in Paperback, Princeton University Press, published 2016, page 190:

The Nebra sky disc, dated to 1600 BC, was found on the Mittelberg, a hilltop site near Nebra in Saxony-Anhalt, eastern Germany, along with two bronze swords, two hatchets, a chisel and fragments of spiral bracelets.

2016, Robin Melrose, Religion in Britain from the Megaliths to Arthur, McFarland, page 50:

(archaeology) A bronze disc featuring gold symbols inlaid on a blue-green patina, generally interpreted as depicting the Sun or full moon, a lunar crescent and stars (including a group that may be the Pleiades), dated to circa 1800–1600 BCE and attributed to the Unetice culture of the early European Bronze Age.

disque céleste de Nebra

bronze disc dating from the European Bronze Age


pinaculum

From ancient Greek πίναξ (plate) + Latin -ulum.

(entomology) A chitin plate on the skin of a caterpillar.


preural

en-adj

preural (comparative more preural, superlative most preural)

more preural (comparative)
most preural (superlative)

(ichthyology) Pertaining to vertebra supporting the caudal fin.


patripotestal

(anthropology) In which the male side holds the authority.


matripotestal

(anthropology) In which the female side holds the authority.


Bắc Hà dog

(zoology) A medium size spitz dog breed and one of Vietnam's Four Great National Dogs.


ditomine

They also advocated raising selenophorines, ditomines, and amblystomines to subtribe level.

2012, Yves Bousquet, Catalogue of Geadephaga (Coleoptera, Adephaga) of America, North of Mexico, page 57:

(zoology) A ground beetle of the subtribe Ditomina.


selenophorine

[…] on the basis of this character, this genus must be considered to be a harpaline rather than a selenophorine.

In North America, selenophorines reach only extreme southeastern and southwestern Canada.

2000, Ross H. Arnett, Michael C. Thomas, Jr., American Beetles, Volume I, page 91:

(zoology) Any ground beetle in the taxonomic tribe Selenophorina within the family Carabidae,


chelifore

(zoology) The first appendage of a pair on the head of a sea spider.


isoxyid

(zoology) Any member of the Isoxyida order of extinct arthropods.


stoned ape theory

(anthropology, evolutionary theory) The idea that Homo sapiens evolved around and adapted to the ingestion of magic mushrooms, increasing the species' empathetic communication and sparking the cognitive revolution.


holoic

(invertebrate, zoology) Having a pair of big nephridia in all but terminal segments of the body.


aquatic ape theory

(anthropology, evolutionary theory) The idea that Homo sapiens evolved certain traits as a result of adapting to a more aquatic habitat.


akiami paste shrimp

en-noun

akiami paste shrimp (plural akiami paste shrimps or akiami paste shrimp)

akiami paste shrimps (plural)
akiami paste shrimp (plural)


neotene

(zoology) A reproductively mature animal in a juvenile form.


planorboid

en-adj

planorboid (comparative more planorboid, superlative most planorboid)

more planorboid (comparative)
most planorboid (superlative)


bathyteuthoid

(malacology) Any member of the Bathyteuthoidea superfamily of squid.


petrogram

Coordinate term: petroglyph

(archaeology) A painting on rock, especially one made in prehistoric times.


cheilostomatan

(zoology) Any member of the Cheilostomatida order of bryozoans.


nomadine

(entomology) Any member of the Nomadinae subfamily of bees.


hoplocarid

(zoology) Any member of the subclass Hoplocarida of crustaceans (mantis shrimp etc.).


adeagus

(zoology) Alternative spelling of aedeagus


opistothorax

(zoology) A wormlike segmented extension to the thorax.


zoofact

(archaeology) Something resembling a stone tool made by non-human animals.


lusitanize

en-verb

lusitanize (third-person singular simple present lusitanizes, present participle lusitanizing, simple past and past participle lusitanized)

lusitanizes (present singular third-person)
lusitanizing (participle present)
lusitanized (participle past)
lusitanized (past)

From Lusitanian + -ize, ultimately from Latin Lusitania (“pre-Roman and Roman Portugal”), used archaistically in New Latin and English in reference to modern Portugal. Partially formed on the model of more common terms like gallicize and partially as a calque of Portuguese lusitanizar, from lusitano (“Lusitanian, Portuguese”) + -izar.

der

The poet Camões used the lusitanized plural form cafres in the fifth canto of his 1572 poem Os Lusíadas.

(transitive) To translate or adapt into the Portuguese language.


lusitanization

From lusitanize + -ation, from Lusitanian + ize, ultimately from Latin Lusitania (“pre-Roman and Roman Portugal”), used archaistically in New Latin and English in reference to modern Portugal. Partially on the model of more common terms such as gallicization and partially as a calque of Portuguese lusitanización, from lusitanizar + -ación, from lusitano (“Lusitanian, Portuguese”) + -izar.

The attempted lusitanization of Goa and Macao took place over centuries but was only ever partially successful.

"Lusitanization" was used as a form of dissemination of (the idea of) Portuguese language through the use of multiple strategies to reinforce the political role of Portuguese as an official language... colonization and "Lusitanization" reinforce and constitute each other mutually.

2015, Cristine Severo et al., “Lusitanization and Bakhtinian Perspectives on the Role of Portuguese in Angola and East Timor”, in Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, volume 36, number 2, pages 112–113:

The act or process of making Portuguese or more Portuguese-like.

The lusitanization of Brazil was accompanied by far higher levels of immigration than occurred in Angola or Mozambique.

The language policy in Brazil is exclusionary, segregating, and reminiscent of the process of Lusitanization...

2019, Susan de Oliveira, The Luso and Rap, abstract:

The act or process of becoming Portuguese or more Portuguese-like.


ctenodactyloid

(zoology) Any member of the Ctenodactyloidea superfamily of rodents.


neopulmonic

(zoology) Of or pertaining to the new lung part of the bird respiratory system.


blanid

(zoology) Any member of the Blanidae family of worm lizards.


blattoid

(entomology) Any member of the Blattoidea superfamily of cockroaches.


actinopterygiian

(ichthyology) Of or pertaining to Actinopterygii, the bony finned fish.


lepomid

(ichthyology) Any member of the Lepomis genus of fish.


habroneme

en-adj

habroneme (comparative more habroneme, superlative most habroneme)

more habroneme (comparative)
most habroneme (superlative)

(zoology) Belonging to the Habronematoidea superfamily of nematodes.


chonetid

(zoology) Any member of the Chonetidae family of brachiopods


chonetidine

(zoology) Any member of the Chonetidina suborder of brachiopods.


dermalium

(zoology) A spicule on the bounding membrane of a sponge.


codonhexaster

(zoology) A sponge spicule with six rays, terminated in anchor shapes.


bombycilloid

(zoology) Any member of the Bombycilloidea superfamily of birds.


discohexaster

From Ancient Greek: diskos, circular plate; hex, six; aster, star.

(zoology) A sponge spicule with six rays octahedrally arranged, ending with disks.


brisingid

(zoology) Any member of the Brisingidae family of starfish


bonelliid

(zoology) Any member of the Bonelliidae family of worms.


pythonoid

(herpetology) Any member of the Pythonoidea superfamily of snakes.


waterfrog

Compound of water + frog. Compare German Wasserfrosch, Danish vandfrø.

(zoology) Any type of frog that lives primarily in an aquatic environment.


Minyan ware

en-noun

Minyan ware (countable and uncountable, plural Minyan wares)

(archaeology) A style of Aegean burnished pottery associated with the Middle Helladic period (c. 2000/1900–1550 BC).


multiface

Unifacial and multifacial tools are, on average, the largest tools at JAAP-1 while edge-only and bifacial tools tend to be similar in average size and somewhat smaller than the unifaces and multifaces.

1988, John F. Doershuk, Plenemuk Mound and the Archaeology of Will County, page 153:

Multifaces have at least one flake scar not originating on an edge on more than two faces ( Plate 10.5 ) .

1988, Charles W. Markman, Putney Landing, page 200:

As a general rule across the site, the usage patterns of bifaces differed significantly from the usage of multifaces or unifaces.

1988, Anthropological Papers - Issues 79-81, page 72:

(archaeology, anthropology) A stone tool constructed by chipping off flakes from every side.


vulpid

According to Hottentot legend, the cape fox feeds on ostrich eggs by rolling them over rocks until they break open. Little is known about reproductive behavior and life span of this small vulpid.

1972, Bernhard Grzimek, Grzimek's Animal life encyclopedia, page 253:

The three vulpids under discussion here are the Pale Fox (Vulpes pallidus; the Sand Fox (V. rueppelli); and the Cape Fox (V. chama).

1979, Maxwell Riddle, The wild dogs in life and legend, page 151:

(zoology) Any member of the true fox genus (Vulpes).


squamulation

squamulation (countable and uncountable, plural squamulations)

(zoology) The condition of being squamulate; the presence of small scales.


sabellarian

(zoology) Any of the worms of the genus Sabellaria.


microbasic

(zoology) Having a shaft less than one and a half times as long as the capsule in relation to nematocysts.


mesobasic

(zoology) Having a shaft between than one and a half and four times as long as the capsule in relation to nematocysts.


macrobasic

(zoology) Having a shaft over four times as long as the capsule in relation to nematocysts.


tribodont

(zoology) (of teeth) Blunt and rounded used for crushing.


andrognathid

(zoology) Any member of the Andrognathidae family of millipedes.


brachyopoid

(zoology) Any member of the Brachyopoidea superfamily of amphibians


brachiopoid

(zoology) Alternative spelling of brachyopoid


microptery

(entomology) The state of being micropterous.


mastodonsaur

(zoology) Any member of the Mastodonsauridae family or Mastodonsaurus genus of amphibians.


cyclostomatid

(zoology) Any member of the Cyclostomatida order of bryozoans


nanozooid

(zoology) A tiny zooid in a composite organism.


cyclostomate

(zoology) Any member of the Cyclostomata class of fish.


androzooid

(zoology) A zooid in a composite group that produces sperm.


hyposphere

(zoology) The lower part of a trochophore.


helicospiral

(zoology) A spiral in the shape of a cone.


anascan

(zoology, obsolete) Any member of the Anasca suborder of bryozoans.


phylactolaemate

(zoology) Any member of the Phylactolaemata class of bryozoans.


gymnolaemate

(zoology) Any member of the Gymnolaemata class of bryozoans.


phloladid

(malacology) Any member of the Pholadidae family of bivalves.


prevomer

(zoology) A bone from non-mammalian vertebrates forming the anterior roof of the palate.


sylvioid

(zoology) Any member of the Sylvioidea superfamily of birds.


byrrhoid

(entomology) Any member of the Byrrhoidea superfamily of beetles.


exocone

(entomology) An elongated crystallized cone made of transparent material from the cornea in an insect eye.


marrellomorph

(zoology) Any member of the Marrellomorpha, an extinct group of arthropods known from the Cambrian to the Early Devonian.


ptiloerection

(ornithology) Fluffing up of feathers or down so that birds can control heat.


suborthochoanitic

From sub- + orthochoanitic.
Invented by R. H. Flower in 1946. "Ordovician cephalopods of the Cincinnati region". Bull. Amer. Paleontology, vol. 29, no. 116

(malacology) (of nautiloids) Slightly recurved short septal necks, between orthochoanitic and cyrtochoanitic.


berovin

(zoology) A calcium ion-regulated photoprotein from the ctenophore Beroe abyssicola.


eucephalic

(entomology) Having a well developed head capsule (in larva).


nanhsiungchelyid

(herpetology, paleontology) Any member of the Nanhsiungchelyidae family of turtles


scansorious

a bird with scansorious feet


cultural phylogenetics

For a critique of cultural phylogenetics that is nevertheless supportive of cultural evolution theory, see Borgerhoff Mulder, Nunn, and Towner 2006.

2011, Alex Mesoudi, Cultural Evolution, University of Chicago Press, page 230:

Focusing on just a single aspect of cultural phylogenetics—homology of man-made objects—exposed many avenues for future theoretical and methodological developments in sociocultural evolution:[…].

2016, Ilya Tëmkin, “Chapter 16: Homology and Phylogenetic Inference in Biological and Material Cultural Evolution”, in Fabrizio Panebianco, Emanuele Serrelli, editors, Understanding Cultural Traits, Springer, page 308:

In sum, the biggest challenge to cultural phylogenetics remains that, despite the methodological compatibility with biological phylogenetics, many of the concepts and mechanisms of the latter cannot be applied to cultural evolution.

2019, Larissa Mendoza Straffon, “Chapter 8: The Uses of Cultural Phylogenetics in Archaeology”, in Anna Marie Prentiss, editor, Handbook of Evolutionary Research in Archaeology, Springer, page 157:

(anthropology) The use of techniques from phylogenetics to study the evolutionary history of relationships between humans and between groups of humans, as well as of cultural memes and practices.

kulturelle Phylogenetik

use of techniques from phylogenetics to study the evolutionary history of human relationships


aplodontiid

(mammalogy) Any member of the Aplodontiidae family of rodents.


ceraphronoid

(entomology) Any member of the Ceraphronoidea superfamily of wasps.


cainotherioid

(mammalogy) Any member of the Cainotherioidea superfamily of mammals.


cypridocopine

(zoology) Any member of the Cypridocopina suborder of ostracods.


pantotherian

(zoology) Any of the mammals in Pantotheria.


coelopteran

(entomology) Any member of the Coeloptera genus of moths.


herpelid

(herpetology) Any member of the Herpelidae family of amphibians


pseudoangular

(herpetology) In caecilians, the rear toothless part of the jawbone.


pseudodentary

(herpetology) In caecilians, the front tooth-bearing part of the jawbone.


paxilliform

en-adj

paxilliform (comparative more paxilliform, superlative most paxilliform)

more paxilliform (comparative)
most paxilliform (superlative)


paucidentate

paucidentate (comparative more paucidentate, superlative most paucidentate)

more paucidentate (comparative)
most paucidentate (superlative)


pyroculture

en-noun

pyroculture (countable and uncountable, plural pyrocultures)

Montanus (1671:22) however commented that: “Greenery would abound more if the natives did not burn the areas where they wander”, without at all appreciating the pyroculture that had been practiced by the Tasmanians for millennia as an innovative and successful environmental management strategy (Bird et al. 2008).

2011, John Paull, “Environmental Management in Tasmania: Better Off Dead?”, in Daniel Niles, Godfrey Baldacchino, editors, Island Futures: Conservation and Development Across the Asia-Pacific Region, page 155:

Despite the absence of farmed crops (i.e., maize, beans, and squash) and agriculture, it is clear that the western North American landscape was highly managed through fire maintenance (or pyroculture) for thousands of years (e.g., articles in Blackburn and Anderson 1993).

2015, Shannon Tushingham, Jelmar W. Eerkens, “Hunter-Gatherer Tabacco Smoking in Ancient North America: Current Chemical Evidence and a Framework for Future Studies”, in Elizabeth Anne Bollwerk, Shannon Tushingham, editors, Perspectives on the Archaeology of Pipes, Tobacco and Other Smoke Plants in the Ancient Americas, page 216:

In the words of a recent scientific review of the effects accomplished by the ‘ecological engineering’ of traditional fire practitioners, ‘pyrodiversity begets biodiversity’. This a conscious cultural economy of fire in stark contrast to the organised irresponsibility of industrial pyroculture toward the ecological consequences of its burnings, of enclosed fires hidden behind ignition switches and powerpoints.

2020, Jeremy Walker, More Heat Then Life: The Tangled Roots of Ecology, Energy and Economics, page 60:

(ecology, anthropology) The use of controlled burning, chiefly by hunter-gatherers, as a form of ecological engineering to manage plant and animal distribution in a habitat.

The driving force of pyroculture was a flow of light-giving heat from burning firewood; thus converted solar energy. But for the first time in the history of life, the prime shaping force of an energy-dissipating structure sprang from human ingenuity. Fire masters created technological artefacts such as the torch and the fireplace to conduct their new energy economy, which soon established ecological dominancy. Pyroculture happened to be a very successful evolutionary strategy.

2005, Frank Niele, Energy: Engine of Evolution, page 94:

Around 1.6 million years ago, the Homo erectus inhabitants there emerged as a “pyro-culture,” using high temperature fire to create stone and bone implements (Gheorghiou & Nash 2007:14; Karlin and Julien 1994:153).

2014, Jordan Anthony Burich, "Catching Fire: Toward a Cognitive-Processual Analysis of Cypriot Pyrotechnics and Sacred Imagery During the Bronze Age", thesis submitted to the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, page 23

Whatever the nature of the initial discovery, specialized 'pit-smelters' and larger free-standing furnaces were gradually developed. Colonizing descendants of migrating Copper and Bronze Age peoples, especially seafaring merchants and traders, would have spread the lore of copper-sourcing as they went; their cultural packages included pyroculture as well as agriculture. These twin skills spread together with their owners across the landscapes of Neolithic southern Europe over almost four millennia.

2016, Mike Leeder, Joy Lawlor, GeoBritannica: Geological Landscapes and the British Peoples, unnumbered page:

(anthropology) The culture and technology developed through the domestication of fire by early humans.


chthamaloid

Derived from Chthamaloidea, from Chthamalidae which in turn came from Chthamalinae which was proposed by Charles Darwin in 1854, which appears to be named after the genus Chthamalus named by Camillo Ranzani from Bologna in Memoire di Storia Naturale 1820.https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/18394#page/462/mode/1up. Ancient Greek χθαμαλός (khthamalós, “flat or on the ground”)

der

(zoology) Any member of the Chthamaloidea superfamily of barnacles.


cetopsine

(ichthyology) Any member of the Cetopsinae subfamily of fishes.


Arctoidean

(zoology) Of or relating to the Arctoidea.


armeniaceous

en-adj

armeniaceous (comparative more armeniaceous, superlative most armeniaceous)

more armeniaceous (comparative)
most armeniaceous (superlative)


avuncuclan

Combination of avuncular and clan. Coined by Lawrence J. Cunningham.

(anthropology) A societal structure, where sons are raised by their maternal uncles.


diplodactylin

(herpetology) Any member of the Diplodactylinae subfamily of lizards.


diplodactyloid

(herpetology) Any member of the Diplodactyloidea superfamily of lizards.


rhopaloid

rhopaloid (comparative more rhopaloid, superlative most rhopaloid)

more rhopaloid (comparative)
most rhopaloid (superlative)

Moreover, septa of Amplexocarinia are not rhopaloid , nor are they long in early stages comparable to early stages of Bradyphyllum .

1961, W. H. Easton, Carboniferous Formations and Faunas of Central Montana, page 30:

The septa in the cardinal quadrants are thickened and rhopaloid .

2002, Palaeontologia Polonica - Issue 61, page 21:

A new category of heterotrichous microbasic rhopaloid nematocysts was identified in the scyphopolyps.

2013, Andrew D. Naumov, Herman Hummel, Alexey A. Sukhotin, Interactions and Adaptation Strategies of Marine Organisms, page 9:

(zoology) Having a shaft or tentacle with an uneven diameter.


rhopaloid

The principal tentacular nematocysts are homotrichous microbasic rhopaloids, the capsule averaging 25–26μ long by 15–18μ across.

1967, Australian Journal of Zoology, page 664:

Stenoteles and euryteles are both rhopaloids, nematocysts characterized by an anisodiametrically dilated shaft.

1984, Zoologische Mededeelingen, page 41:

The tentacles, either singly or fused, become the four rhopaloids.

2020, Fatma El-Bawab, Invertebrate Embryology and Reproduction, page 241:

(zoology) A rhopaloid shaft or tentacle.


actinoceroid

(malacology) Any member of the Actinoceroidea superfamily of cephalopods.


foot-jaw

A limb of a crustacean, insect, or other arthropod, that acts as an accessory mouth-part.


Tardenoisian

(archaeology) Of or relating to an Epipaleolithic culture whose characteristic arrowheads were found at Coincy in the Tardenois region of France in 1885.


symphytan

(entomology) Any member of the Symphyta suborder of sawflies.


telotrematous

(zoology) Of or relating to the Telotremata.


termitophage

(zoology) An organism that eats termites.


vampyromorphid

(malacology) Any member of the Vampyromorphida order of cephalopods.


argonautoid

(malacology) Any member of the Argonautoidea superfamily of cephalopods.


pseudorthocerid

(malacology) Any member of the Pseudorthocerida order of cephalopods


ceratinine

(entomology) Any member of the genus Ceratina of small carpenter bees.


praetornal

(entomology) Located in front of the tornus


cementoid

(dentistry, zoology) A matrix of collagen fibres that becomes mineralised to form cementum.


cementoclast

(dentistry, zoology) A multinucleated giant cell that consumes cementum.


rostrolatus

(zoology) In barnacles, the name for one of two large shell plates immediately lateral to the rostrum.


chironomoid

(entomology) Any member of the Chironomoidea superfamily of flies.


ephialtoid

Coordinate term: peucedanoid

(entomology) Relating to one of two forms of Zygaena ephialtes.


peucedanoid

From Ancient Greek πευκέδανον (peukédanon) + -oid.

Coordinate term: ephialtoid


nompC

Initialism of No mechanoreceptor potential C

Drosophila melanogaster
Drosophila melanogaster#Translingual

(genetics, entomology) A gene coding for a mechanosensitive ion channel protein in Drosophila melanogaster.


mononematic

(entomology) Having electron-dense extracellular material localized to the junction between the cilia and the attachment cell. (of stretch receptor organs in insects and crustaceans)


worm shell

(zoology) Any member of the sea snail family Vermetidae.


alimentary castration

(zoology) Sterility, in certain insects, caused by nutritional deficiency during the larval stage.


gonite

(entomology) The last abdominal segments on a dipteran (fly), which are modified for reproduction


hut circle

(archaeology) A circular or oval depression in the ground, sometimes with a low stone wall around it, that was once the foundation of a roundhouse.


subpubescent

(botany, zoology) Almost or imperfectly pubescent.


hydroarchaeology

(archaeology, uncommon) The study of artefacts or remains found underwater.


Oneota

(archaeology) A cultural complex that existed in the eastern plains and Great Lakes area of what is now occupied by the United States from around AD 900 to around 1650 or 1700, considered a major component of Upper Mississippian culture, and characterized by globular, shell-tempered pottery that is often coarse in fibre.


cowbarn

275 feet of pipes have been laid from dairy to cowbarn to convey the milk after it has passed through the Separator, back to the barn, while it is still warm just right for the calves.

1891 June 12, F. C., “Alfred, Me.”, in The Manifesto, volume XXI, number 7, published July 1891, page 161, column 2:

They found an old coat of his this morning on the bank by Manter’s cowbarn,—boy brought it up to the rectory; […]

1894 February, Walter Mitchell, “Two Strings to his Bow. In Two Parts. Part One.”, in The Atlantic Monthly: A Magazine of Literature, Science, Art, and Politics, volume LXXIII, number CCCCXXXVI, page 181, column 1:

Here, as has been mentioned, the manure from the cowbarns is thrown out daily and dried in the sunshine, a process favored through the greater part of the year by the aridity of the climate.

1902, C[harles] W[illiam] Wooldridge, chapter X, in Perfecting the Earth: A Piece of Possible History, Cleveland, Ohio: The Utopia Publishing Company, page 108:

Aside from the $4500 residence, $5000 has been spent in other improvements such as stable, cowbarns, fences and ice house.

1906, Writer and Engraver’s Picture of Graham County’s Progress since Its Organization, Topeka, Kan.: F. M. Steves & Sons, […], page 76:

The deadly gasses from dung in the cowbarn ruin her digestion—poison her hay and other foods—sap her vitality and prevent her from giving you a maximum supply of good milk. Ventilate Your Cowbarn with an ILG FARM BARN POWER VENTILATOR

1921 June 10, Hoard’s Dairyman, page 869:

Most had vines creeping up their walls and gardens or large courts with old cowbarns and dovecotes, relics of the time when they were farmsteads in open country, before the town had expanded to embrace them. […] It was of light-colored stone, two stories with a stable or cowbarn tucked in below and an old dovecote rising like a tower to one side.

1998, Martha Wells, chapter 10, in The Death of the Necromancer, Avon Eos, →ISBN, pages 137 and 140:

While walking in the orchard a few days later, the boys took a shortcut to the cowbarns. […] The cowbarn was below in the back of the house with several cattle in the barnyard.

2002, James S. Benedict, The House of Harding: A Novel, JB Press Company, →ISBN, pages 104 and 221:


worm-star

From worm + star. From being a star-shape-like collection of worms.

(zoology, pathology) A collection of nematode worms stuck together at their tails, caused by a bacterial infection by Verde1 that causes their tails to become sticky. The condition has a fatality rate of 80% for the worms.


horsebarn

close the barn door after the horse has bolted


edriophthalmic

(zoology) Edriophthalmous; having stalkless eyes.


Danubian corridor

The caves lie on a migration route into western Europe known as the Danubian Corridor.

2018, Tim Flannery, Europe: A Natural History, page 179:

(paleontology, archaeology) A route along the valleys of the Danube and Rhine Rivers taken by of various ancient migrations of Eastern cultures into the north and northwest of Europe.


living floor

A living floor is, in archaeological terms, the floor of a cave upon which people lived and which retains evidence of their activities.

2018, Tim Flannery, Europe: A Natural History, page 202:

(archaeology) A flat and relatively level space inside a cave showing evidence of ancient habitation.


faunal assemblage

en-noun

faunal assemblage (plural faunal assemblages)

Europe’s mammals are described by scientists as comprising faunal assemblages - groups of species that typically occur together.

2018, Tim Flannery, Europe: A Natural History, page 192:

(archaeology, paleontology) A group of different species that commonly associated with one another whose fossils occur together in a particular stratum.


Clovis point

They closely resemble the famed American Clovis points, which are associated with large mammal extinctions across the North American continent.

2018, Tim Flannery, Europe: A Natural History, page 219:

(archaeology) A fluted spearhead or the like created by people of the prehistoric Paleoamerican Clovis culture.


petrified carpentry

It is, however, often used in woodwork, where it is easier to execute, and it seems possible that its use at Göbekli Tepe constitutes an example of ʻpetrified carpentryʼ.

2018, Tim Flannery, Europe: A Natural History, page 228:

(archaeology) The presence in stonework architecture of designs that originated in carved wooden structures.


Creswellian

(archaeology) A British Upper Palaeolithic culture named after the type site of Creswell Crags in Derbyshire.


Bidder's organ

(anatomy, zoology) A spherical, brownish organ in most members of the family Bufonidae (true toads), located just in front of the kidney, or mesonephros, and apparently involved in regulating sex hormones.


metaleg

Likewise, in those insects where the metalegs are fitted for jumping, the prolegs and mesolegs are coordinated with the metalegs and fitted for walking

1923, Alexander Dyer MacGillivray, External Insect Anatomy:

The parts make up different but constant proportions of the entire leg for the pro- and mesolegs, but in the metaleg, the femur becomes relatively shorter and the tibia longer as size increases.

2013, Walter R. Tschinkel, The Fire Ants:

In X. flavitibia the first three tarsomeres of the metaleg are bright yellow.

2019, Jeffrey H. Skevington, Michelle M. Locke, Andrew D. Young, Field Guide to the Flower Flies of Northeastern North America:

(entomology) Either of the two hind legs on an insect.


Reihengräber

From German Reihengräber (literally “row grave”).

bor

(historical, archaeology) A culture characterized by the burial practice of regularly arranged, identically oriented inhumation graves, existing between the mid-fifth and early-eighth century in central and western Europe, within the Merovingian sphere of influence.


hooktail

(entomology) Any dragonfly of the genus Paragomphus.


querimana

(zoology) A mugilid in the pelagic juvenile development stage.


peripneustic

From περι- (peri-, “peri”) and πνευστικός (pneustikós).

1977 O.W. Richards & R.G. Davies Imms' general textbook of entomology pub. Methuen
Peripneustic... spiracles in a row along each side of the body. In typical examples the prothoracic and abdominal spiracles are open, that of the metathorax being closed. This condition is found in the terrestrial larvae of the orders Neuroptera, Mecoptera, Lepidoptera, of many Hymenoptera Symphyta, and of many Coleoptera...

(entomology) Of one of the categories of hemipneustic tracheal systems, in which the spiracles are in incomplete rows along each side of the body, as in the holopneustic arrangement, but with slightly fewer pairs of spiracles.


hemipneustic

From ἡμι- (hēmi-, “half”) and πνευστικός (pneustikós).

1977 O.W. Richards & R.G. Davies Imms' general textbook of entomology pub. Methuen
Hemipneustic Respiratory Systems... are prevalent among insect larvae and are derived from the holopneustic type through one or more pairs of spiracles becoming non-functional.

(entomology) in tracheal systems, having at least one functional pair of spiracles fewer than than the ten open pairs in holopneustic tracheal systems; hemipneustic systems occur for example, in the larvae of some Lepidoptera.


brunnescent

en-adj

brunnescent (comparative more brunnescent, superlative most brunnescent)

more brunnescent (comparative)
most brunnescent (superlative)


Bigfootologist

A Peace River Valley Bigfootologist has come up with a suggestion as to the whereabouts of Polk County’s mysterious ape-man or Florida Swampman after it eludes hunters and searchers just like it did earlier this month in the Green Swamp. […] The Bigfootologists said undoubtedly the mysterious ape-man-like creature hid in the huge underground “faults” or cavities or spaces beneath the ground.

1977 October 24, Ralph Sumner, “Peace Valley Views: Valley Gets First Arrivals For Winter”, in The Tampa Tribune, 83rd year, number 253, Tampa, Fla., page 2, columns 1–2:

When Wylie sticks to describing these people and their habitats, he can be quite effective. But when he strikes out and tries to explain their motivations, he often gets into the same murky pseudo-scientific areas as the more fervent Bigfootologists.

1981 March 8, Jim Marrs, “It seems that we’ve all been myth-taken”, in Fort Worth Star-Telegram, page 7D:

She was also the one who pointed out that when she had been unable to positively identify a hair sample, the Bigfootologist would twist this to imply that it was from an unidentified animal. This was such a frequent and irritating corruption of her opinion that she stopped trying to help Bigfootologists many years ago.

2016, Bryan Sykes, “The Government Laboratory”, in Bigfoot, Yeti, and the Last Neanderthal: A Geneticist’s Search for Modern Apemen, Disinformation Books, →ISBN, part II, pages 230–231:

(uncommon, cryptozoology) A person who looks for evidence of the existence of Bigfoot.


Bigfootology

Morgan is indeed soaring. Not only does he have generous financial backing (a far cry from his previous outings which were financed by hard work and perspiration), but he has, too, the expertise of some of the nation’s most prestigious scientists. His scientific advisory board reads like the “Who’s Who?” But this is a new dimension of Bigfootology. When Morgan applied to the National Science Foundation for a grant only five years ago, his application was rejected. No reputable scientist would even talk to him about a man-like ape (or ape-like man) roaming the American wilderness.

1974 September 8, Penelope McPhee, “man against myth: the search for Bigfoot”, in The Spokesman-Review Sunday Magazine, page 14, column 4:

“What is it with you and garlic?” Riley asked in the dark. “That’s exclusively for vampires.” / “Well, what do you use for Bigfeet?” I asked. / Riley shrugged. “You’ve got me,” he said. “The field of Bigfootology is still in its infancy. But I’m pretty sure garlic would just tick him off.”

1999, Paul Buchanan, Wild Ride on Bigfoot Mountain (Heebie Jeebies; 6), Nashville, Tenn.: Broadman & Holman Publishers, →ISBN, page 68:

Anyone who turns up with indisputable proof of Bigfoot’s existence stands to make a lot of money; in such a commercial atmosphere it is perhaps not surprising that the world of ‘Bigfootology’ is rife with accusations of fraud and fabrication – not to mention legal disputes.

2011, Jack Wolfsblume, “Mysterious Sightings”, in Paranormal, Waverley Books, →ISBN, page 30:

(uncommon, cryptozoology) The study of Bigfoot.


pharyngeal arch

en-noun

pharyngeal arch (plural pharyngeal arches)

(zoology, anatomy, embryology) Any of a series of structures seen in the embryo of vertebrates that are precursors for many structures, notably the jaws and (in fish) the branchial arches.

arc pharyngé

embryonic precursor to any of several structures


symphylid

[…] differences in the number of symphylids in the surface layers of soil […]

2012, M. Gratwick, Crop Pests in the UK: Collected edition of MAFF leaflets, page 382:

The symphylids are related to the millepedes ^([sic]) and centipedes and the only pest of any importance is the glasshouse symphylid, white insect or glasshouse centipede (Scutigerella immaculata).

2015, Roland Fox, The Gardener's Book of Pests and Diseases:

(zoology) A group of arthropods with 12 pairs of legs that live in the deeper soil layers and feed primarily on dead plant matter, although some species also eat young roots and the root hairs of living plants.


basitibial

basitibial plate

Furthermore Patellapis (s. str.) is characterised by the broad, well defined and usually apically rounded basitibial plate of females, the weakly serrated to pectinated inner hind tibial spur of females, the fourth sternum of male[s] with a transverse apical row of coarse bristles, and the helmet-like crest of penis valves.

2008 October 1, Kim Timmermann, Michael Kuhlmann, “Redefinition of the Southern African Bee Subgenera Patellapis (s. str.), P. (Chaetalictus) and P. (Lomatalictus) (hymenoptera: Halictidae, Genus Patellapis Friese, 1909)”, in Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, volume 81, number 4, →DOI, page 356:


hygrosensitive

en-adj

hygrosensitive (comparative more hygrosensitive, superlative most hygrosensitive)

more hygrosensitive (comparative)
most hygrosensitive (superlative)

(chiefly zoology) Detecting changes in the moisture content of the environment.


thermohygrosensitive

thermohygrosensitive (comparative more thermohygrosensitive, superlative most thermohygrosensitive)

more thermohygrosensitive (comparative)
most thermohygrosensitive (superlative)

In some taxa of Heteroptera, P. nigricornis (Pyrrochoridae), Cyclopelta siccifolia (Westwood, 1837) (Dinidoridae), Chrysocoris purpureus (Westwood, 1781) (Scutelleridae), N. viridula, P. guildinii, Perillus bioculatus, E. furcellata and H. halys (Pentatomidae), thermo-hygrosensitive coeloconic sensilla were present on the flagellum^(29,36,37,39,41,43).

2023 January 12, Artur Taszakowski, Adrian Masłowski, Kent M. Daane, Jolanta Brożek, “Closer view of antennal sensory organs of two Leptoglossus species (Insecta, Hemiptera, Coreidae)”, in Scientific Reports, volume 13, →DOI, article 617, page 11:

(zoology) Both thermosensitive and hygrosensitive.


thermohygroreceptor

In the present study, the aporous sensillum (A5) embedded in a cavity is functionally classified as thermo-hygroreceptor. Morphologically it belongs to coeloconic, aporous sensillum without a flexible socket, it is located in a chamber open to the environment according to the characteristics distinguished by Altner⁶³ for this type of sensillum.

2023 January 12, Artur Taszakowski, Adrian Masłowski, Kent M. Daane, Jolanta Brożek, “Closer view of antennal sensory organs of two Leptoglossus species (Insecta, Hemiptera, Coreidae)”, in Scientific Reports, volume 13, →DOI, article 617, page 9:

(zoology) A structure in certain insects which acts as both a thermoreceptor and a hygroreceptor.


chaetic

From Ancient Greek χαίτη (khaítē, “mane; loose, flowing hair”) + -ic.

af

Aporous sensilla with flexible sockets, presenting various lengths and shapes (bristle, trichoid, styloconic, chaetic or basiconic) consist mainly of exocuticular material and show no substructures in thin sections and cross-fractures⁷⁰.

2023 January 12, Artur Taszakowski, Adrian Masłowski, Kent M. Daane, Jolanta Brożek, “Closer view of antennal sensory organs of two Leptoglossus species (Insecta, Hemiptera, Coreidae)”, in Scientific Reports, volume 13, →DOI, article 617, page 10:

(zoology) Having long thick hairs or bristles.


distitibia

Coordinate term: basitibia

Leg I: Tibia with 23 articles and tarsus (basitarsus+distitarsus) with 41 articles. Leg IV (Fig. 13): Basitibia with 4 pseudoarticles and 1 medial trichobothrium on the last article. Distitibia with 3 basal and 15 distal trichobothria; frontal and caudal series with 6 trichobothria each.

2014 August 1, Ana Caroline O. Vasconcelos, Alessandro P. L. Giupponi, Rodrigo L. Ferreira, “A new species of Charinus from Minas Gerais State, Brazil, with comments on its sexual dimorphism (Arachnida: Amblypygi: Charinidae)”, in The Journal of Arachnology, volume 42, number 2, →DOI, page 159:

Well-developed median and lateral eyes; small and rounded meta[-] and mesosternum; large basal spine pedipalp distitarsus (2/3 the distal length); basitibia of leg IV divided in two pseudo articles; trichobothria of basitibia IV (bt) on the proximal third of the article; distitibia IV with 16 trichobothriae, equidistant basal trichobothria (bf, bc and sbf); […]

2016 February 17, Alessandro Ponce de Leão Giupponi, Gustavo Silva de Miranda, “Eight New Species of Charinus Simon, 1892 (Arachnida: Amblypygi: Charinidae) Endemic for the Brazilian Amazon, with Notes on Their Conservational Status”, in PLOS One, volume 11, number 2, →DOI, page 1:

(zoology) The portion of the tibia of an arachnid that is furthest from the body.


pentasternum

Sternum (Fig. 3): Tri-segmented with all segments sclerotized and convex. […] Third segment (pentasternum) rounded, with 1 upper pair of strong setae and several setulae encircling the base (in some specimens the upper pair of setae is similar in size to the basal setae

2014 August 1, Ana Caroline O. Vasconcelos, Alessandro P. L. Giupponi, Rodrigo L. Ferreira, “A new species of Charinus from Minas Gerais State, Brazil, with comments on its sexual dimorphism (Arachnida: Amblypygi: Charinidae)”, in The Journal of Arachnology, volume 42, number 2, →DOI, page 156:

(arachnology) The third sclerite of a segmented sternal complex.


distiflagellum

Antennae of first instar larvae comprised a smooth four-segmented basiflagellum and a seven-segmented, sensilla-rich distiflagellum. […] Annulus number and the unique annulation pattern of the distiflagellum remained constant until adulthood.

2009 March, Dorit Hockman, Mike D. Picker, Klaus-Dieter Klass, Leonie Pretorius, “Postembryonic development of the unique antenna of Mantophasmatodea (Insecta)”, in Arthropod Structure & Development, volume 38, number 2, →DOI, page 125:

Morphologically, the antennae (Figs. 2, 3) (the average length, n = 4 for both species) in L. occidentalis are shorter (12.22 mm) in comparison to L. zonatus (15.67 mm). In L. occidentalis (Fig. 3a,c,e,g), the length of the particular segments is approximately: scape (2.61 mm), pedicel (3.86 mm), basiflagellum (2.60 mm), distiflagellum (3.14 mm).

2023 January 12, Artur Taszakowski, Adrian Masłowski, Kent M. Daane, Jolanta Brożek, “Closer view of antennal sensory organs of two Leptoglossus species (Insecta, Hemiptera, Coreidae)”, in Scientific Reports, volume 13, →DOI, article 617, page 4:

(zoology) The portion of an insect's antenna that is farthest from the body; the outermost segment of the flagellum.


tetrasternum

Sternum (Fig. 3): Tri-segmented with all segments sclerotized and convex. […] Second segment (tetrasternum) rounded, with 1 upper pair of strong setae and several setulae encircling the base (in some specimens the upper pair of setae do not differs in size from the basal setae).

(arachnology) The second sclerite of a segmented sternal complex.


pseudoarticle

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-pseudoarticle.wav

Leg I: Tibia with 23 articles and tarsus (basitarsus+distitarsus) with 41 articles. Leg IV (Fig. 13): Basitibia with 4 pseudo[-]articles and 1 medial trichobothrium on the last article. Distitibia with 3 basal and 15 distal trichobothria; frontal and caudal series with 6 trichobothria each.

All new species can be differentiated from the other species of the genus by the number of pseudo-articles in basitibia IV, the presence/absence of median eyes, and the shape of the female gonopod.

2016 February 18, Alessandro Ponce de Leão Giupponi, Gustavo Silva de Miranda, “Eight New Species of Charinus Simon, 1892 (Arachnida: Amblypygi: Charinidae) Endemic for the Brazilian Amazon, with Notes on Their Conservational Status”, in PLOS One, volume 11, number 2, →DOI, page 1:

(zoology) A joint-like constriction that does not articulate.


tritosternum

Sternum (Fig. 3): Tri-segmented with all segments sclerotized and convex. Tritosternum projected anteriorly, elongated and cone-shaped, with a large variation in the pattern of strong setae: 1 apical (1 pair is usually found), 2 median (1 pair can be found or be absent), 3 basal (1 or 2 can be found), and several small setae along the segment.

(arachnology) The sternite of the segment bearing the first pair of walking legs.


transegalitarian

From trans- + egalitarian. Coined by John E. Clark and Michael Blake in 1989. Popularized by Brian Hayden in 1995.

Rather than attempt to revive these encumbered terms, I prefer to use Clark and Blake's (1989) term “transegalitarian” to refer to societies that are neither egalitarian nor politically stratified (“politically stratified” societies include chiefdoms with relatively fixed classes and a hierarchical settlement pattern).

[1995, Brian Hayden, “Pathways to Power: Principles for Creating Socioeconomic Inequalities”, in T. Douglas Price, Gary M. Feinman, editors, Foundations of Social Inequality (Fundamental Issues in Archaeology), New York, NY: Springer, →DOI, →ISBN, page 18:

These characteristics […] match those employed by anthropologists as M. Sahlins to explain the ‘big-man’ concept⁴¹—but see⁴² for a critique. This concept, together with that of ‘aggrandizers’ in transegalitarian societies⁴³ has been used within the context of Late Neolithic and Copper Age Iberia^(44,45).

2023 July 6, Marta Cintas-Peña, Miriam Luciañez-Triviño, Raquel Montero Artús, Andrea Bileck, Patricia Bortel, Fabian Kanz, Katharina Rebay-Salisbury, Leonardo García Sanjuán, “Amelogenin peptide analyses reveal female leadership in Copper Age Iberia (c. 2900–2650 BC)”, in Scientific Reports, volume 13, →DOI, article 9594, page 2:

(anthropology) Organized beyond the limits of an egalitarian society but lacking clear social stratification or political centralization.


ami-momi

To ensure that lesions occurred on a variety of body surfaces and to cause enough internal stress, the procedure was as follows. The fish were not fed for a few days, after which time they were divided into two groups of 10 fish each and shaken in the air in a fan-shaped scoop net […] for 2 min. This shaking process is the “ami-momi” treatment.

1993, Kishio Hatai, Gen-Ichi Hoshiai, “Characteristics of Two Saprolegnia Species Isolated from Coho Salmon with Saprolegniosis”, in Journal of Aquatic Animal Health, volume 5, number 2, →DOI, page 115:

Fish in both challenged groups were subjected to ami-momi treatment²⁷, through shaking in a net for 1.5 min, and then placed back into the tanks. The challenged groups were exposed to 60 mL of S. parasitica zoospore suspension per group (one plastic bag/ aquarium containing 20 mL of zoospores suspension).

2023 June 19, Samar A. El Gamal, Rawia Saad Adawy, Viola Hassan Zaki, Eman Zahran, “Host–pathogen interaction unveiled by immune, oxidative stress, and cytokine expression analysis to experimental Saprolegnia parasitica infection in Nile tilapia”, in Scientific Reports, volume 13, →DOI, article 9888, page 2:

(zoology, often attributively) A procedure consisting of shaking fish in the air using a fan-shaped scoop net, used to prepare the fish for exposure to an external water mold infection by removing the surface mucus layer of the skin.


sneaky fucker strategy

The term was coined by John Maynard Smith.


Elling Woman

The Elling woman from the same large bog as Tollund man, and similarly hanged, had long plaited hair which had presented problems to the executioner, who had wound it up and round itself to remove its contact with the rope.

1996, D. Brothwell, “European bog bodies: current state of research and preservation”, in Konrad Spindler, Harald Wilfing, Elisabeth Rastbichler-Zissernig, Dieter ZurNedden, Hans Nothdurfter, editors, Human Mummies, Springer, page 169:

Sleeping near the Tollund Man for centuries is the Elling Woman, whose body was discovered in 1938 about 60m (200 ft.) from where the Tollund Man was later discovered.

2009, Darwin Porter, Danforth Prince, Frommer's Denmark, Wiley, page 356:

Elling Woman from Denmark was also hanged with a leather belt that left a deep scar around her throat.

2016, Dennis William Harding, Death and Burial in Iron Age Britain, Oxford University Press, page 216:

(archaeology) A bog body found preserved in peat on the Jutland peninsula, Denmark, in 1938; the naturally mummified body of a woman believed to have died approximately 280 BCE, during the period characterised in Scandinavia as the pre-Roman Iron Age.


amphimict

Coordinate term: apomict

(botany, zoology) Any amphimictic plant or organism.


headshaping

Although headshaping does have Late Aceramic Neolithic precedents on Cyprus, there is no evidence for this practice during the Chalcolithic.

2013, A. Bernard Knapp, The Archaeology of Cyprus, page 274:

(anthropology) The cultural practice of flattening or otherwise shaping the cranium.


zeiform

(zoology) Of or relating to the taxonomic order Zeiformes of marine ray-finned fishes including the dories.


autocopulation

In some instances snails kept in solitary culture were observed attempting what appeared to be autocopulation, […]

1946, The American Midland Naturalist, volume 36, page 480:

(zoology) Sexual intercourse with oneself.


turfline

(archaeology) A stratum of soil between two other layers.


teliferous

From Latin tēlum (“dart, spear, missile, offensive weapon, javelin”) + -ferous (“producing, containing”).

der

The occurring British forms, though varying much in proportion and contour, fall naturally into four groups, marked by the respective characteristics of (1) One simple sac; (2) A single bi-lobed sac; (3) Two simple teliferous sacs; (4) Two sacs, each bi-lobed (fig. 3).

1883 July, Charles Ashford, “The Darts of British Helicidæ: Part I., Introductory”, in Journal of Conchology, volume IV, number 3, Leeds, West Yorkshire: Taylor Bros, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 70:

The introduction, a minute description of the organization of the sea-anemones, and in particular of their unique and extraordinary "teliferous" system, has been regarded as the most sustained piece of original writing of a technically scientific character which Philip Gosse has left behind him.

1890, Edmund Gosse, The Life of Philip Henry Gosse F.R.S., London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co., Ltd., page 290:

Internally, it stands absolutely alone amongst our teliferous British species in possessing paired darts or gypsobela within what is now a practically simple though distally bifid stylophore or dart-sac.

1921 December 8, John W. Taylor, “Part 24”, in Monograph of the Land & Freshwater Mollusca of the British Isles, Leeds, West Yorkshire: Taylor Bros., Publishers, page 115:

(zoology, obsolete) Having nematocysts or stinging cells.


Okvik

(archaeology) An early subdivision of the Old Bering Sea culture.


Sa Huỳnh

(archaeology) A culture in modern-day central and southern Vietnam (1000 BCE–200 C.E.).


Elmenteitan

(archaeology) A prehistoric lithic industry and pottery tradition with a distinct pattern of land use, hunting and pastoralism that appeared and developed on the western plains of Kenya during the Pastoral Neolithic c.3300-1200 BP.


carder bee

en-noun

carder bee (countable and uncountable, plural carder bees)

(entomology) Common name for any species of bee in the genus Bombus or in the family Wikipedia:Megachilidae, that collects plant fibre and processes it for nesting material, by activities resembling the carding of fibre.

1923 A.D.IMMS A GENERAL TEXTBOOK OF ENTOMOLOGY
Other Bombi, known as carder bees, form surface nests hidden away among grass, ivy or other herbage. They derive their name from their habit of collecting moss and other material used in nest formation and plaiting it with the aid of their legs and mandibles. Having formed the nest the next act of the queen is to collect a mass of pollen which is formed into a paste. Upon the top of this substance she constructs a circular wall of wax and, in the cell thus formed, she lays her first batch of eggs, capping the latter over with a covering of wax.

(entomology) Common name mainly applied to some Bombus species in the northern hemisphere, where they occur widely and are the most familiar species of bees that exhibit carding activity in their nest building, rather than genera such as Anthidium in the Megachilidae, some of which occur in the Northern hemisphere as well and similarly exhibit carding activity .

1979 S.H Skaife. Revised by John Ledger: African Insect Life. →ISBN
The little carder bees of the genus Immanthidium also belong to the Megachilidae. They are mostly black with white markings on the abdomen, and with a white pollen brush on the underside of the abdomen. In some species the males are bigger than the females, an unusual feature among insects. Most of them make their nests in tubular openings, in sites similar to those chosen by the leafcutters, but their cells are lined with cottony fibres which they strip with their mandibles from various hairy plants. As an example of the group we can consider the widespread species, Immanthidium junodi.
The female carder bee arrives at her home carrying a little bundle of white fluff between her front legs. She takes this into her nest and cards the fibrous material by pressing it with her head and working it with her jaws until it forms a thin, uniform, thimble-shaped lining to the bottom of the tube. It takes several journeys before her beautiful white thimble is complete, ready to receive its store of food. She carries the pollen back to the nest on the underside of her abdomen and the nectar in her crop and stocks the cell with the mixture. It takes her about two days to construct and stock a cell; she then lays an egg on top of the food and closes the cell with a pad of fluff, well carded and felted. She fills the tube with cells within 10 mm from the entrance and then seals it off with a thick pad of fibres, pressed down firmly by her head and jaws to form a protective barrier to keep out enemies.

(entomology) In the southern hemisphere, where Bombus species occur only exceptionally, the common name most familiarly applied to species of bees that exhibit carding activity in their nest building, and are members of genera in the Megachilidae, such as Anthidium, Immanthidium and Afranthidium


pleophagous

en-adj

pleophagous (comparative more pleophagous, superlative most pleophagous)

more pleophagous (comparative)
most pleophagous (superlative)

(zoology) Eating various different foods.


mail-cheeked

(zoology) Of fishes: having a plate of bone that runs across each cheek.


Krefft's glider

en-noun

Krefft's glider (plural Krefft's gliders)

Named after German-Australian zoologist and paleontologist Gerard Krefft.

(zoology) Petaurus notatus, a species of arboreal nocturnal gliding possum, a type of small marsupial.


cladid

(zoology) Any member of the Cladida parvclass of crinoids.


caponioid

(zoology) Any member of the Caponioidea superfamily of spiders.


teuthoid

(zoology, obsolete) Any member of the Teuthoidea group of squids


wild ox

(zoology) Any of several mammals including the aurochs, kouprey, banteng, gaur or reem.


Southern resident orca

Southern resident orca (plural Southern resident orcas)

(zoology) The smallest of four communities of the exclusively fish-eating ecotype of orca in the northeast Pacific Ocean.


codlemone

(entomology, organic chemistry) A pheromone produced by female codling moths with IUPAC name (8E,10E)-dodeca-8,10-dien-1-ol.


Ipiutak

(archaeology) A culture that arose possibly as early as 100–200 BCE and collapsed around 800 CE, found from the south of the Bering Strait, across the Brooks Range and possibly as far north as Point Barrow.


rastrate

(paleontology, zoology) rake-like or with parallel serrations.


postacrostichal

(entomology) positioned posterior to acrostichal. Used for Diptera.


polyembryonous

(zoology) Of or pertaining to polyembryony.


halacarid

(arachnology) Any member of the Halacaridae family of mites.


adfrontal

(entomology) One of a pair of narrow plates on the head of a caterpillar, forming an inverted V shape. They divide the head into two lateral and one central plates.


crisiid

(zoology) Any member of the Crisiidae family of bryozoans.


cucullanid

(zoology) Any member of the Cucullanidae family of nematodes.


chippage

chippage (usually uncountable, plural chippages)

(anthropology) A pattern of chipping, as seen in stone tools.

(anthropology) The debris resulting from chipping.


self-anoint

en-verb

self-anoint (third-person singular simple present self-anoints, present participle self-anointing, simple past and past participle self-anointed)

self-anoints (present singular third-person)
self-anointing (participle present)
self-anointed (participle past)
self-anointed (past)

(zoology) Of an animal: to smear odoriferous secretions or substances over itself, for various purposes such as medication or camouflage.


platyctenid

(zoology) Any member of the Platyctenida order of comb jellies.


macrocilium

(zoology) A compound ciliary feeding organelle in ctenophores


ozophore

(zoology) An elevated cone present on the prosoma of some harvestman


adenostyle

(zoology) A protrusion on tarsus IV in male arachnids


sceptrule

(zoology) A kind of microscopic sponge spicule consisting of a straight rod terminated in a bundle of spines or knobs.


sarule

(zoology) A broom-shaped sceptrule, ending with a tuft of small bristles, applied to sponge spicules.


lonchiole

(zoology) A monaxon with one tine or distal ray, applied to sponges.


trichimella

(zoology) An acorn-shaped free-swimming larva of sponges of the order Hexactinellida


mesoplastron

(zoology) either of a pair of transverse hexagonal bones in a turtle that lie between the hyoplastral and hypoplastral bones


procryptic

(zoology) Having colouring that offers protection by concealing against the background.


New Year's bottle

en-noun

New Year's bottle (plural New Year's bottles)

(archaeology) A kind of lentoid bottle found in the cultures of Ancient Egypt, designed to be filled with Nile water or possibly perfume or oil and offered as celebratory gifts for the New Year.


gonosaccus

(entomology) A section of membranous tissue on the hind body wall of the abdomen of an insect, normally sac-like but sometimes everted.


gonapsis

From gon- + Ancient Greek ἁψῑ́ς (hapsī́s, “arch”).

af

(entomology) A structure with an apex on the dorsal membrane on sternum IX.


basiolabial

(zoology, paleontology) Bottom facing the lips.


intramedian

(entomology, lacewings) Located between the anterior and posterior media longitudinal veins on the wing.


pill beetle

(entomology) A holarctic species of beetle in the family Byrrhidae.


zoanthidean

We found solitary and clustered zoanthidean anemones, possibly the same we had been seeing in many variations.

1951, John Steinbeck, The Log from the Sea of Cortez:

(zoology) Of or relating to the zoanthids (taxonomic order Zoanthidea).


zoanthidean

Knobby zoanthidean Palythoa mammiilosa

2013, Gilbert L. Voss, Seashore Life of Florida and the Caribbean, page 46:

(zoology) A member of the zoanthids (taxonomic order Zoanthidea).


buguliform

[…] buguliform larva of certain ectoproct bryozoans […]

1974, Arthur Charles Giese, John S. Pearse, Reproduction of Marine Invertebrates, page 235:

(zoology) Resembling the bryozoa of the genus Bugula.


courtship display

en-noun

courtship display (plural courtship displays)

(ethology) Set of display behaviors in which an animal, usually a male, attempts to attract a mate.


discodrilid

Discodrilids occupy rather a unique position in the annelid group.

1915, Journal of Morphology, volume 26, page 146:

(zoology) Any member of the Discodrilidae.


introversible

(zoology) Able to be introverted, or turned inwards.


phascolarctine

(zoology, obsolete) Of or relating to the obsolete taxonomic subfamily Phascolarctinae.


balloon syndrome

(medicine, zoology) Subcutaneous emphysema in hedgehogs.


ancyloconic

(malacology, of a shell or fossil) Having a shell which is initially a spiral, but then (like a hamitoconic shell) extends in a long straight section, curves, and extends again, as some Ancyloceratina do.


scaphitocone

(malacology) An organism or fossil with a scaphitoconic shell (especially one in the heteromorph ammonite genus Scaphites), or the shell itself.


scaphitoconic

(malacology, of a shell or fossil) Having an ancyloconic shell with an involute phragmocone and a hooked body chamber, like Scaphites.


ancylocone

(malacology) An organism or fossil with an ancyloconic shell, or the shell itself.


planorbicone

Perhaps from plano- + bicone, with an r in between. Compare Planorbis (Planorbis).

(malacology) An organism or fossil with a planorbiconic shell, or the shell itself.


planorbiconic

en-adj

planorbiconic (comparative more planorbiconic, superlative most planorbiconic)

more planorbiconic (comparative)
most planorbiconic (superlative)

For quotations using this term, see Citations:planorbiconic.

(malacology, of a shell or fossil) Having a relatively flat spiral shell (intermediate between serpenticonic and spheroconic) in which the whorls touch (evolute to involute) and get larger as they get further from the center, causing the shell to have the profile of a mushroom when viewed from the side, without being so wide or involute that it is cadiconic.


zaphrentoid

Simpson in 1900 proposed Hapsiphyllum for zaphrentoids, with a horseshoe-shaped inner wall, making Zaphrentis calcareformis Hall the genotype.

1914, George Gilmore Scott, A Physiological Study of the Changes in Mustelus Canis Produced by Modifications in the Molecular Concentration of the External Medium, page 189:

According to Ivanovsky (1960), a structure typical of zaphrentoids is as follows: 1) corals are solitary; 2) septa have a bilateral symmetry in relation to cardinal septum situated in a fossula; […]

1969, Acta palaeontologica Polonica, volume 14, page 131:

(zoology) A member of the taxonomic family Zaphrentidae, a prehistoric hexacoral.


elliptospheroconic

(malacology, of a shell or fossil) Having a more ovular rather than spherical spheroconic shell.


hamitoconic

Juveniles had virtually all possible types of coiling of their shells, ranging from regular planispiral and orthoconic to torticonic, hamitoconic and gyroconic.

2014, AI Arkhipkin, “Getting hooked: the role of a U-shaped body chamber in the shell of adult heteromorph ammonites”, in Journal of Molluscan Studies:

... hamitoconic, orthoconic, scaphitoconic, torticonic and vermiconic.

2015 July 22, Christian Klug, Dieter Korn, Kenneth De Baets, Isabelle Kruta, Royal H. Mapes, Ammonoid Paleobiology: From anatomy to ecology, Springer, →ISBN, page 4:

... hamitoconic heteromorphs grew shell forms that started out orthoconic but then underwent a sharp 180-degree turn such that the next growth stage of the animal was straight, but parallel to the original orthoconic section and growing in[…]

2019 October 15, George R. McGhee, Jr., Convergent Evolution on Earth: Lessons for the Search for Extraterrestrial Life, MIT Press, →ISBN, page 149:

(malacology, of a shell or fossil) Having a shell which has two or more straight shafts, like some heteromorph ammonites such as Polyptychoceras.


elliptospherocone

(malacology) An organism or fossil with an elliptospheroconic shell, or the shell itself.


hamitocone

In scaphitocones, the `pendulum effect' created by this separation was not as highly pronounced as in true ancylocones and hamitocones with open whorls throughout […]

1998, CJ Tsujita, GEG Westermann, “Ammonoid habitats and habits in the Western Interior Seaway: a case study from the Upper Cretaceous Bearpaw Formation of southern Alberta, Canada”, in Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology …:

Lytoceras and certain heteromorphs (eg, ancylocones, hamitocones) are the most appropriate for modeling because they exhibit the relevant features but are not overly complicated […]

2002, MA Hassan, GEG Westermann, RA Hewitt et al., "Finite-element analysis of simulated ammonoid septa (extinct Cephalopoda): septal and sutural complexities do not reduce strength"

2005, S. Reboulet, F. Giraud, O. Proux, "Ammonoid abundance variations related to changes in trophic conditions across the Oceanic Anoxic Event 1d (Latest Albian, SE France)", Palaios
[…] the shell would be easier in orthocones and torticones, which were oriented vertically in life with an aperture towards the bottom, than for scaphitocones, ancylocones, and hamitocones, […]

This pattern suggests that hamitocones were exposed to extensive post-mortem drift. […] Contrary to the lytoceratids and kossmaticeratids, hamitocones are characterized by a more […]

2018, E. B. Olivero, M. E. Raffi, “Onshore-offshore trends in Campanian ammonite facies from the Marambio group, Antarctica: implications for ammonite habitats”, in Cretaceous Research:

(malacology) An organism or fossil with a hamitoconic shell, or the shell itself.


polyschizotomous

(paleontology, malacology) Furcating at many points.


vermiconic

([…] 'vermiconic heteromorphs) were vertical migrants in deep water, including the oceans, where some fed on mesopelagic organisms including sluggish juvenile ammonites, and others caught zooplankton in tentacles modified into umbrella-nets[…]

2013 November 21, Neil H. Landman, Kazushige Tanabe, Richard Arnold Davis, Ammonoid Paleobiology, Springer Science & Business Media, →ISBN, page 677:

Another three-dimensional heteromorphic growth form—the vermiconic—is highly asymmetrical, resembling a shell that started out torticonic, then uncoiled in a series of irregular loops and bends. The vermiconic ammonoids were drifters, and the torticonic ammonoids were mobile plankton[…]

(malacology, of a shell or fossil) Having a shell which is highly asymmetrical in three dimensions, with segments curving at irregular angles like a wriggling worm (see image).


bidichotomous

[...] two primaries immediately preceding it unite on the umbilical shoulder forming a bidichotomous bundle. The periphery is gently rounded and the cast shows a slight ventral groove, comparatively broad and shallow, on the peripheral [...]

1925, Ernest Neaverson, Ammonites from the Upper Kimmeridge Clay, page 25:

[...] bidichotomous or polyptychitid rib bundles appears rather early in the ontogeny of T. elegans.

1978, Bulletin, numbers 298-302, Geological Survey of Canada, page 44:

[...] bidichotomous type is subordinate [...]

1988, Jurjiz Alexander Jeletzky, Edwin Kemper, Comparative Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Valanginian ..., page 147:

(especially in malacology) Dividing or branching first into two branches, and then (in at least one of those branches) into two more branches.


dischizotomous

(paleontology, malacology) Furcating from two points.


monoschizotomous

... (one of which was inked in by Buckman and shows in his photograph, giving an erroneous impression of quadrifurcation). The furcation is monoschizotomous and very regular.

Monoschizotomous, i.e. ribs bifurcating from one point. The following are distinguished according to the differentiation of the sutural lobe : (a) Stephanoceratidae with a suspensive ('hanging') sutural lobe; (b)[…]

1983 June 2, Ulrich Lehmann, G. Hillmer, Fossil Invertebrates, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 164:

(paleontology, malacology) Furcating from a single point.


virgatotome

[...] gyrate furcation, and often a tendency to become fasciculate or virgatotome; secondary ribs obsolescent in some [...] polygyrate ribs and intercalatory secondaries. Microconchs 100-112 mm. in diameter with following rib densities[…]

1967, J. C. W. Cope, The Palaeontology and Stratigraphy of the Lower Part of the Upper Kimmeridge Clay of Dorset:

... polygyrate or bidichotomous to fasciculate (rarely virgatotome) ribs, more loosely spaced and coarser. External whorls of macroconch forms with dichotomous to polygyrate ribs[…]

(malacology, of the ribs on a shell) Having multiple secondary ribs which branch off successively in front of each primary rib (resulting in a shape like ᚠ), like the ribs of Zaraiskites ammonites.


polygyrate

[...] polygyrate diagonally cancellated protoconch, but in that genus the adult whorls are pagodiform, strongly keeled[…] polygyrate to paucispiral and almost smooth, and the reversed L-sinus is sometimes rendered U-shaped to subtubular, when restricted above by a parietal tubercle. The Daphnellids are very numerous in both genera and species[…]

1953, Auckland Institute and Museum, Bulletin of the Auckland Institute and Museum:

(malacology) Multiply gyrate, like the protoconches of various Gemmula ammonites. ?


diversipartite

(especially malacology, of ribs on a shell) Multiply but irregularly partite: furcating multiple times but not all from the same or symmetrical points.


mesodomic

(malacology) Having body chamber lengths of approximately three-fourths of a whorl.


longidomic

(malacology) Having body chamber lengths of one whorl or more.


brevidomic

(malacology) Having body chamber lengths of approximately half a whorl.


Salinar

(archaeology, historical) A culture of ancient Peru that developed in the coastal area of Ancash and La Libertad.


Stillbay

Named by archaeologists A. J. H. Goodwin and C. van Riet Lowe in 1929.

(archaeology) A Middle Stone Age stone tool manufacturing style, first described from the site of Stilbaai (Still Bay) in South Africa.


hectocotyly

(zoology) The condition of having a hectocotylus.


hectocotylization

(zoology) The process of developing a hectocotylus.


asellote

[…] an asellote (Iathrippa longicauda) and a ligiid (Ligia italica) […]

1991, Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, volumes 31-32, page 164:

[…] an asellote isopod from the Great Barrier Reef, Australia […]

2002, Gary C. B. Poore, W. W. K. Houston, Pamela L. Beesley, Crustacea, page 57:

[…] but calabozoideans emerged as a sister group to oniscidans rather than asellotes.

2021, Frederick R. Schram, Stefan Koenemann, Evolution and Phylogeny of Pancrustacea, page 472:

(zoology) Any isopod crustacean of the suborder Asellota.


symphilous

(entomology) Being or relating to a symphile.


symphilism

(entomology) The property of being a symphile.


epiproctan

(zoology) Any insect of the suborder Epiprocta


whip-tailed

(zoology) Having a thin, flexible tail like the lash of a whip.


virginogenia

Usually overwinters outdoors as winged and wingless virginogenia, both in temperate climates and in the tropics.

1977, Jürgen Kranz, H. Schmutterer, Werner Koch, Diseases, Pests and Weeds in Tropical Crops, page 333: