PDL

(international law, chiefly Philippines) Initialism of person deprived of liberty (“prisoner; incarceree”).


presumption of innocence

en-noun

presumption of innocence (countable and uncountable, plural presumptions of innocence)

Coordinate term: presumption of guilt

(law) The precept that someone will not be convicted of a crime unless (the judge, prosecutor, officer) proves guilt beyond a reasonable doubt and is non liquet, with there being no present burden of proof duty subjected on the accused to prove innocence.


matter of law

(law) A matter involving a judicial inquiry into the applicable law.


question of fact

question of fact (plural questions of fact)

(law) An issue that has not been predetermined and authoritatively answered by the law.


question of law

question of law (plural questions of law)

(law) An issue to be decided by the judge, concerning the application or interpretation of the law.

(law) A question that the law itself has authoritatively answered, so that the court may not answer it as a matter of discretion.

(law) An issue about what the law is on a particular point; an issue in which the parties argue about, and the court must decide, what the true rule of law is.

(law) An issue that, although it may turn on a factual point, is reserved for the court and excluded from the jury; an issue that is exclusively within the province of the judge and not the jury.


rentcharge

rentcharge (countable and uncountable, plural rentcharges)

(property law) An annual sum or periodic payment charged on certain freehold properties or payable out of the income of those properties and expressly giving to the rentcharger, who has no reversionary interest in the property, the right of distress for arrears.


regulatory framework

regulatory framework (plural regulatory frameworks)

A set of regulations that is valid in a given industry.


pro domino

/pɹəʊ ˈdɒmɪnəʊ/

Borrowing from Latin prō (“as, like; as befitting”) + dominō (“owner of a residence; the master of its servants and slaves; lord”).

[…] as of right and pro domino to occupy […]

1892, J. D. Sheil, editor, “Cape Times” Law Reports: A Record of Every Matter Disposed of in the Supreme Court, during the Year 1892, volume II, Cape Town: Cape Times, →OCLC:

[W]hen the Natal Native Trust became Trustee, he held lot 52 no longer permissively but pro domino; […]

1920, A. E. Carlisle, T. B. Horwood, editors, South African Law Reports. Natal Provincial Division. Decisions of the Supreme Court of South Africa (Natal Provincial Division) (including the Durban and Coast Local Division), volume 40, Pietermaritzburg: Incorporated Law Society of Natal, →OCLC, page 186:

Pro domino or otherwise? M. C. Bosman states that D. S. du Toit possessed as owner and I accept his evidence on this point too, corroborated as it is by the circumstances and the probabilities.

1957, South African Law Reports, volume I, Cape Town: Juta & Co., →OCLC, page 505:

(law) In the capacity of a master or an owner; having dominion over a person, property, or a right.


ab invito

(law) Against one's will; not of one's invitation.


jurimetrics

(mathematics, law) The application of quantitative and statistical methods to law.


MTA

material transfer agreement
w:material transfer agreement

(law) Initialism of material transfer agreement.


yotzei

Borrowed from Yiddish יוצא זײַן (yoytse zayn), from Hebrew יוֹצֵא (yotsé), active participle of יָצָא (yatsá, “to exit”).

In order to be yotzei, you must hear every word of the bracha.

(Jewish law) having fulfilled the requirements of a mitzvah


red flag knowledge

(law) Actual knowledge of copyright infringement, which may mean that an online service provider bears more liability for the actions of its users than if it had no such knowledge.


wrongthink

wrongthink (usually uncountable, plural wrongthinks)

Compound of wrong + think, probably modelled on earlier crimethink from George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four.

In other words I spent yesterday in bed with a headache not merely because of my bad attitudes, unpleasant tempers and wrongthink, but because both my grandmothers had migraine, my father has migraine and my mother has migraine.

The third, and most grievous of all the wrongthinks, is suggesting that men and women are, in general, physiologically and psychologically different from each other, and thus they tend to excel at different things.

2017 August 8, Ben Domenech, “Could This Man Work At Google?”, in The Federalist:

Fang, fearing for his job, had to issue a Maoist-style apology for reporting wrongthink.

2020 November 6, David Bernstein, “The Revolution is Eating its Own”, in The Volokh Conspiracy:

Beliefs or opinions that run contrary to the prevailing or mainstream orthodoxy.


LOD

LOD (countable and uncountable, plural LODs)

Additionally, commanders should note that a LOD proceeding is neither a substitute for, nor a bar to, such disciplinary action as may be warrented.

1996, Richard A. Gittins, Kirk L. Davies, The Military Commander and the Law, →ISBN, page 222:

LOD investigations are usually a result of a soldier or other personnel being killed or injured, and the investigation is necessary to determine if the cause was in the line of duty, or if the actions that caused the casualties or injuries were a result of neglect or misconduct and not in the line of duty.

2009, E. Kelly Taylor, America's Army and the Language of Grunts, →ISBN:

An unfavorable LOD determination disqualifies a service member from receiving disability compensation.

2015, Janelle B. Moore, Cheryl Lawhorne-Scott, Don Philpott, The Wounded Warrior Handbook, →ISBN:

(military, law) Initialism of line of duty; an official determination of whether something occurred in the line of duty.


conclusionary

Defendants argued that plaintiffs' allegations of hostile discrimination are entirely conclusionary.

(law) Attempting to draw a conclusion rather than merely stating facts.


resiliate

en-verb

resiliate (third-person singular simple present resiliates, present participle resiliating, simple past and past participle resiliated)

resiliates (present singular third-person)
resiliating (participle present)
resiliated (participle past)
resiliated (past)

From French résilier (“cancel, annul, invalidate”).

der

A lessee may resiliate the current lease if he is allocated a dwelling [...]. An employer may, where an employee ceases to be in his employ, resiliate a lease that is accessory to the contract of employment [...].

1989, Esten Kenneth Williams, F. W. Rhodes, Christopher Bentley, John McNair, Mavis Butkus, Marc Casavant, Canadian law of landlord and tenant:

One of the parties may, for a serious reason, unilaterally resiliate the contract ...

2003, Michał Seweryński, Collective Agreements and Individual Contracts of Employment, Kluwer Law International, →ISBN:

[...] Tremblay decided to give Normand notice on April 19, 2001, that it intended to resiliate the contract.

2012, John O. Haley, Fundamentals of Transnational Litigation: The United States, Canada, Japan, and The European Union, LexisNexis, →ISBN:

(Canada, law) To exit, cancel, or draw back from a lease or contract.


ACAB

(derogatory) Acronym of all cops are bastards: an anti-police slogan protesting against police behaviour, often used in graffiti, tattoos, and other imagery.


bid rigging

en-noun

bid rigging (usually uncountable, plural bid riggings)

(law) a conspiracy in which two or more competitors agree about who will submit the winning bid when there is a call for bids.


CBP

BATF

Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms

(US law enforcement) Initialism of Customs and Border Protection.

USCBP

United States Customs and Border Protection


Matrix defense

From the plot of the film The Matrix (1999), whose protagonist is woken from an illusionary simulated world into the dystopian reality.

There is now a legal strategy called the "Matrix defense," which has been an effective form of insanity defense. The film evidently had a part in inspiring Lee Malvo, the Washington D.C. sniper, and it has been mentioned in connection with the Columbine High School killings, which happened less than a month after the release of The Matrix.

2012, C. Stephen Jaeger, Enchantment: On Charisma and the Sublime in the Arts of the West, University of Pennsylvania Press, →ISBN, page 41:

(US, law) A legal defense in which the defendant claims to have committed a crime in the belief that he/she was not in the real world, but in a simulated reality.


TCC

(Canada, law) Initialism of Tax Court of Canada.


Fagin

From the character named Fagin in Charles Dickens' novel Oliver Twist.

The indignation of the self-respecting deaf is aroused by the fact that nine-tenths of the mendicant peddling is engineered by slick Fagins who teach inexperienced deaf youths the tricks of the trade and then collect the lion's share of the profits.

1947, California News - Volumes 63-67, page 104:

We sort of treat a situation whereby the proprietor or operator or person running a foster home, if he were to make a profit, we sort of regard him as sort of a Fagin because he has been making money off little kids.

1967, Public Hearing: Subject: Licensing of Private Facilities, page 14:

Each such group exercises a formative influence on the active dispositions of its members. A clique, a club, a gang, a Fagin's household of thieves, the prisoners in a jail, provide educative environments for those who enter into their collective or conjoint activities, as truly as a church, a labour union, a business partnership, or a political party.

2009, Problems of Education, →ISBN, page 70:

A few of its occupants were poor, law-abiding folk just trying to get by peaceably, but it was a heaven-sent recruiting center for Jack and Ralph who, Neal said, ran a Fagin-like academy for aspiring pickpockets, sneak thieves, and burglars.

2010, Graham Vickers, Neal Cassady: The Fast Life of a Beat Hero, →ISBN:

At Midwest there is a Fagin character, Quinton, who is running a school for terrorists or something on that order.

2013, Charles Samuel, Ghost of Honor, →ISBN, page 177:

Apocalypse also happens to be a Fagin figure, shuffling around the back alleys of Cairo, where he makes the weather-controlling pickpocket Storm (Alexandra Shipp) his first follower by offering her baubles.

2016 May 23, Ignatiy Vishnevetsky, “Apocalypse pits the strengths of the X-Men series against the weaknesses”, in The Onion AV Club:

A person who entices children into criminal activity, often teaching them how to conduct those crimes, and profits from their crimes in return for support.


public defender

public defender (plural public defenders)

(law) An attorney appointed to represent people who cannot afford to hire one.


self-incriminate

en-verb

self-incriminate (third-person singular simple present self-incriminates, present participle self-incriminating, simple past and past participle self-incriminated)

self-incriminates (present singular third-person)
self-incriminating (participle present)
self-incriminated (participle past)
self-incriminated (past)


justice is blind

Justice is to be meted out impartially, without regard to the identity of the individual being tried.


sake and soke

(law, historical) Alternative form of soc and sac


crime doesn't pay

If you commit a crime you will most likely be punished for it.

罪有應得

if you a commit a crime you will most likely be punished for it

winie depcze po piętach kara (Latin: culpam poena premit comes)

if you can't do the time, don't do the crime


dine and dash

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-dine and dash.wav

He was also an irresponsible boozehound who habitually ran out on the check in restaurants, even though he must have known it was the waitress who had to pay the bill for such dine-and-dash customers.

2009 November 20, Stephen King, “Raymond Carver’s Life and Stories”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

(Canada, US, informal) The crime of eating a meal in a restaurant and leaving without paying.

eetpiraterij

leaving a restaurant without paying after eating


directed verdict

en-noun

directed verdict (plural directed verdicts)

(law) An instruction given by the judge to the jury compelling them to return a particular verdict.


Henson trust

After Leonard Henson of Guelph, Ontario, who set up an absolute discretionary trust that became the subject of a legal case.

(Canada, law, finance) A trust that protects the assets of a disabled person (typically an inheritance) and gives the trustee absolute discretion in how to use those assets to assist the beneficiary.


lathicharge

The alleged desecration of an ancient temple in Jammu triggered violence as protesters from right-wing groups torched vehicles and threw stones at cops who responded with lathicharge and teargas shells late on Tuesday night.

2016 June 18, “Mobile internet services restored in Jammu”, in The Times of India:

(India) The police tactic of charging a crowd with lathis or batons in order to disperse it.


qisas

(Islam, law) Under sharia law, the principle of retaliation in kind, or retributive justice.


court of second instance

court of second instance (plural courts of second instance)


trial court

court of first instance
court of first instance


court of justice

court of justice (plural courts of justice)


court of first instance

court of first instance (plural courts of first instance)

(law) a court of law where legal proceedings are first heard.


reverse rape

reverse rape (countable and uncountable, plural reverse rapes)

So called because it is the opposite of the more common case of a man raping a woman.

Minutes later it was over and the victim, Doug, an advertising executive in Connecticut, had been raped by a woman. Occurrences of reverse rape have increased dramatically in recent years.

1986, Bob Larson, Larson's Book of Family Issues, page 149:

To understand why she reacted in that way to both the social climate of rape and the rape of the woman reader in Les Liaisons, it is instructive to remember how every rape in Laclos is a staged event — simultaneously high-spirited and cruel as with Cecile, paradoxical as with Merteuil's reverse-rape of Prevan, and both theatrical and repugnantly sentimental as with Madame de Tourvel, who is permitted short-lived bliss before consigning herself to near-madness and death.

2006, Suellen Diaconoff, Through the Reading Glass: Women, Books, and Sex in the French Enlightenment:

[…] female invasive orality (and King's metaphors for the process of lifesaving revolve around a kind of reverse rape, the male author 'being raped back into life by the woman's stinking breath' (M, 7), as the text misogynistically expresses it).

2011, John Sears, Stephen King's Gothic:

Judith's decapitation of Holofernes is often interpreted as a kind of reverse rape, in which a woman penetrates the male body rather than allowing a man to penetrate her own.

2012, Jacqueline Stodnick, Renée Trilling, A Handbook of Anglo-Saxon Studies:


command responsibility

The suit does not accuse Mrs. Arroyo of personally ordering the abuses, but contends that she had “command responsibility,” Bishop Marigza said.

The judges based their decision on the concept of “command responsibility”, in which both civilian and military superiors can be held criminally responsible for crimes committed by troops under their control.

(law) The principle by which someone can be legally culpable for crimes committed by those under their control.


render unto Caesar

en-verb

render unto Caesar (third-person singular simple present renders unto Caesar, present participle rendering unto Caesar, simple past and past participle rendered unto Caesar)

renders unto Caesar (present singular third-person)
rendering unto Caesar (participle present)
rendered unto Caesar (participle past)
rendered unto Caesar (past)

From the Holy Bible (Matthew, 22:21): Then he said to them, “Render therefore unto Caesar the things which are Caesar's; and unto God the things that are God's.” (KJV; spelling modernized)

[S]he . . . made a note to suggest that her client ease some of the last quarter's profits into tax-free bonds. Render unto Caesar, sure, she thought, but not one damn penny more than necessary.

1997, Nora Roberts, Holding the Dream, →ISBN:

Still, the ideal solution, I think, would be to render unto Caesar an affirmation of flag and country but to keep God in our hearts.

2002 July 1, Lance Morrow, “God Knows What the Court Was Thinking”, in Time, retrieved 2016-07-01:

They fear that trying to find the homeless homes translates into raising the taxes they must render unto Caesar.

2008 January 21, Sarah Vowell, “Radical love gets a holiday”, in New York Times, retrieved 2016-07-01:

(idiomatic) To give (something) to one's state or government, especially in the form of a tax payment.

rendre à César ce qui est à César

to give (something) to one's state or government, especially in the form of a tax payment

apódote oûn tà Kaísaros Kaísari kaì tà toû Theoû tôi Theôi

ἀπόδοτε οὖν τὰ Καίσαρος Καίσαρι καὶ τὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ τῷ Θεῷ

adjátok meg a császárnak, ami a császáré


locus standi

Latin; short for locus standi in iudicio ‘standing position in court’. Latin Locus denotes a location, while standi is the gerund form of the verb stare, meaning to stand.

(law) A right to appear in a court of law; legal standing.


ghost mark

(law) A trademark that is registered without the intent of using it for a product or service, but in an attempt to obstruct the registration of other similar trademarks.


BigLaw

(informal, chiefly US) Large-scale law firms and their work, specializing in multiple areas of legal practice.


robo-signing

The court determined that the practice of multiple foreclosure filings without sufficient documentation of the title and often with inaccurate affidavits – the so-called "robo-signing" phenomenon – was not acceptable.

2010, Commerce, Justice, science, and related agencies appropriations for 2011: hearings before a subcommittee of the Committee on Appropriations, House of Representatives, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, second session, US House of Representatives:

(law) Initiating a foreclosure or other legal procedure without knowledge of the facts attested.


scampsman

Now Oliver puts his blank nightcap on,¶ And every star its glim is hiding,¶ And forth to the heath is the scampsman gone,¶ His matchless cherry-black prancer riding;

1834, William Harrison Ainsworth, Rookwood, The Game of High Toby:

Up comes some saucy kiddy, a scampsman on the hot, / But ere he pulls the trigger I am off just like a shot.

1846, James Henry, ed. Dixon, “The Trotting Horse”, in Scottish Traditional Versions of Ancient Ballads, page 244:


active shooter

The sense “individual engaged in a shooting spree” was popularized in the wake of the Columbine High School massacre (1999).

In most cases, active shooters use firearms and there is no pattern or method to their selection of victims.

“When you have an active shooter going after people at random—a shooter with a plan,” he said, “that's completely different than your typical barricade hostage situation.”

1999 April 28, Timothy Egan, quoting Larry Glick, “School Attack May Bring Changes in Police Tactics”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

Today, the sound of gunshots often prompts “active shooter” warnings on social media, whether or not the event fits the F.B.I.’s definition of the term. In many cases, reports of active shooters have turned out to be false.

2021 May 5, Jacey Fortin, “What Does ‘Active Shooter’ Really Mean?”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

(US, military, law enforcement) A person actively engaged in a shooting spree.


castle doctrine

en-noun

castle doctrine (plural castle doctrines)

From a man's home is his castle; for more information, see Wikipedia at castle doctrine § History.

(law) A legal doctrine that designates a person's abode, or any legally occupied place, such as a vehicle or workplace, as a place in which that person has protections and immunities permitting him or her to use force to defend against intrusion.


FinCEN

Financial Crimes Enforcement Network
w:Financial Crimes Enforcement Network

(US) Abbreviation of Financial Crimes Enforcement Network.


drug trafficking

The process of smuggling, distributing and selling illegal drugs.

narcotràfic

smuggling, distribution and sale of drugs


ex juris

Write about radiation levels in seafood, “safe” pollution limits set by pollutors, government policy auctioned for campaign donations and Seaboard's ex juris police force, and you'll raise the temperature of public awareness, fractionally, towards its ignition point.

2004, David Mitchell, Cloud Atlas, London: Hodder and Stoughton, →ISBN:

(law) Outside of the jurisdiction of the court.


AOCR

age of criminal responsibility
age of criminal responsibility#English

(law) Initialism of age of criminal responsibility.


Yahoo boy

Named after the Internet company Yahoo!, whose free e-mail accounts are sometimes used by scammers.

The EFCC has a cyber crimes unit to monitor the activities of internet scam artists, also known as "Yahoo boys" (probably because they conduct their activities through their Yahoo e-mail accounts).

2009, Patience Idaraesit Akpan-Obong, Information and Communication Technologies in Nigeria, →OCLC:

(Nigeria) A man who carries out 419 fraud.


woodgeld

From Middle English wodegeld, from Old English *wudġeld, equivalent to wood + geld.

(historical, law) An exemption to the fee for the cutting or taking of wood from a forest.


county court

(UK, except Scotland) A civil court which deals with civil cases, such as divorce.


fugitive disentitlement

(US, law) A judicial doctrine to strike down the claim of a party in the civil forfeiture action who had absconded on the criminal case.


RTC

regional trial court
regional trial court#English

(Philippines, law) Initialism of regional trial court, the highest trial court in the Philippines


PHI

(medicine, law) Initialism of protected health information.


good law

After the criminal code came into force, the old common law offences are replaced and no longer good law.

Verify that your cases are good law.

2016, David Hricik, Law School Basics: A Preview of Law School and Legal Reasoning, page 100:

How can you be sure that these cases are good law? How do you know that these cases have not been overruled or reversed?

2005, Suzan D. Herskowitz, James E. Duggan, Legal Research Made Easy, page 96:

It has been strongly suggested, however, that the cited cases may no longer reflect good law, particularly when considered in light of the 1984 changes to Section 707(a) governing certain transactions between a partner and a partnership.

1999, Practicing Law Institute, Tax Strategies for Corporate Acquisitions, Dispositions, Financings, Joint Ventures, Reorganizations, and Restructurings, volume 11, page 971:

Judges were often stymied in settling cases because both parties could cite good law.

1986, Stanley Chodorow, Hans Wilhelm Gatzke, Conrad Schirokauer, A History of the World, volume 1, page 221:

Both cases are good law, and if here, the husband were dead, and the title remained in the wife, and the bond was sought to be enforced against her, it would be held invalid.

1835, Warner v. Sickles, (Ohio Sup. Ct.), Wright, J., in John Crafts Wright, Reports of Cases at Law and in Chancery: Decided by the Supreme Court of Ohio, p. 82

(law) A legal statute, regulation, or judicial decision that is considered still valid and applicable.


compearance

compearance (countable and uncountable, plural compearances)

(Scots law) Appearance before a judge in court.


contract system

contract system (plural contract systems)

(law enforcement) The system of selling the labor of convicts to a contractor, who provides the necessary materials and supervises the work in the premises of the prison.


CHiP

An officer of the California Highway Patrol.


city and county

city and county (plural cities and counties)

every county (other than the Dublin counties) and city and county will be divided into municipal districts

2013 October 15, Government of Ireland, Local Government Bill 2013; Explanatory Memorandum Chapter Two, Section 24

The State stands divided into local government areas to be known as—
(a) counties,
(b) cities, and
(c) cities and counties,
each of which shall be known as a county, a city or a city and county as provided for and set out in columns 1 of Parts 1, 2 and 3, respectively, of Schedule 5.

2014 Local Government Reform Act 2014, section 12 insertion of section 10(2) into principal act

2016 September 9, "WLR live from the heart of the 8th annual Waterford Harvest Festival" WLR FM
As a city and county that takes huge pride in its food producers, this year’s festival will also shine the spotlight on its 'food heroes', the people who grow, cultivate, harvest, produce, prepare, promote and serve some of the country’s best food.

(Ireland, law) a local authority area formed by uniting the territory of a county and a city


Abbot's Priory

After Charles Abbott, Lord Chief Justice from 1818 to 1832.

[…] after this lady’s retirement to enjoy the otium cum dignitate [leisure with dignity] in Abbot’s Priory, she was visited by a gentleman who had previously and subsequently rendered her the most unequivocal and disinterested assistance, by frequent pecuniary supplies.

1822, Benchiana; or, Sketches of Life and Character in St. George’s Fields […], page 18:

Upon inquiring after George Charteris, Esq. he finds that he has bolted from Palace-yard, and taken refuge in “Abbot’s Priory;” and, to comfort him, the person who has received the 200l. bill, informs him “that Charteris is a notorious swindler.”

1824, “An Accommodating Customer ‘Queered’”, in The Spirit of the Public Journals, for the Year M.DCCC.XXIII […], page 65:

Ned and Tom were soon outside of the King’s Bench, (or Abbot’s Priory, as it was called by the prisoners,) they had not walked far before they fell in with Little Kiam […]

1825, The Dialogists; or, the Circuit of Banco Regis, page 93:

(obsolete, British slang, idiomatic) King's Bench Prison, a former prison in the south of London.


mohatra

From French, Spanish, or Latin mohatra, all from Arabic مُخَاطَرَة (muḵāṭara)

uder

Arabic مُخَاطَرَة (muḵāṭara)

(historical, law) Of or characterized by an avoidance of laws against usury by a pair of sales between a lender and a borrower (or their agents), where the first purchase is made on credit and an immediate repurchase is made in cash, the difference in prices amounting to the interest of the loan.


Abraham's balsam

Pun on Abraham's balm (Vitex agnus-castus) or Abraham's bosom

(archaic, British slang) death by hanging.


ferendae sententiae

From Latin ferendae sententiae (“of a sentence to be passed”).

(canon law, postpositive) Of a penalty, only coming into force after it is imposed by an authority, and not by the fact of the law being broken.


latae sententiae

From Latin latae sententiae (“of a sentence [already] passed”).

(canon law, postpositive) Of a penalty, coming into force as soon as a law is broken, by force of the law itself (such as excommunication for various specified offences).


Swedish model

The combating of prostitution by criminalizing the buyer, rather than the seller, of sexual services.


gavelman

(law, historical) A tenant liable to tribute.


mandatory detention

(law) The practice of detaining migrants or refugees upon arrival at a destination country.


letter of intent

en-noun

letter of intent (plural letters of intent)

Before the negotiation and due diligence started, we agreed to sign a letter of intent.

A legal document outlining one or more agreements between two or more parties before the actual agreements are finalized


crony capitalism

crony capitalism (usually uncountable, plural crony capitalisms)

While many things can be blamed for the rampant crony capitalism in India (e.g., British imperialism, the License Raj, etc.), we are particularly interested in understanding what role cultural values play in fostering crony capitalism.

2017, Naresh Khatri, Abhoy Ojha, Crony Capitalism in India: Establishing Robust Counteractive Institutional Frameworks, Springer, →ISBN, page 118:

(politics, idiomatic) A form of capitalism in which success in business depends on corrupt close relationships with government officials, often implying favouritism.


subordinate legislation

subordinate legislation (usually uncountable, plural subordinate legislations)

secondary legislation
secondary legislation#English


delegated legislation

delegated legislation (usually uncountable, plural delegated legislations)


primary legislation

primary legislation (usually uncountable, plural primary legislations)

secondary legislation
secondary legislation

(law) legislation enacted by an act of parliament; contrasted with secondary legislation, which is enacted by the executive branch under powers derived from primary legislation.


secondary legislation

secondary legislation (usually uncountable, plural secondary legislations)

(law) legislation enacted by a power derived from another legislation, such as one made by the executive branch within the boundaries fixed by an act of parliament.

委任立法

legislation enacted by power derived from another legislation


RFX

(security, law enforcement) Abbreviation of recognition of firearms and explosives. (a skill and qualification)


statutory exclusion

statutory exclusion (countable and uncountable, plural statutory exclusions)

Statutory exclusion is clearly the most rigid method of determining how a juvenile offender will be processed, and most determinations are based on serious offenses and age limits.

1996, United States Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, Combating Violence and Delinquency, →ISBN:

Statutory exclusion is part of the same trend toward “get-tough” legislation that has shifted decision-making from judges to legislators and prosecutors (Feld, 2000).

2009, Richard Lawrence, Mario Hesse, Juvenile Justice: The Essentials, →ISBN, page 166:

Statutory exclusion laws allow politicians, not judges, to decide which violent juveniles should be prosecuted by the criminal court.

2009, Kären M. Hess, Juvenile Justice, →ISBN, page 324:

Similar to statutory exclusion mechanisms, prosecutorial discretion is often limited to a subset of cases based on age and offense characteristics.

2012, Elena Grigorenko, Handbook of Juvenile Forensic Psychology and Psychiatry, →ISBN, page 97:

(US, law, uncountable) The legal requirement that under specified circumstances, a juvenile be tried as an adult, without the possibility of judicial discretion.


S.I.

Civil Procedure Rules 1998, S.I. 1998/3132 (L. 17)

statutory instrument
statutory instrument#English

(UK, Canada, Australia, law, in citation) Initialism of statutory instrument.


SOPO

(UK, law) Initialism of sexual offences prevention order.


OBU

offshore banking unit
offshore banking unit#English

(Australia, business, law) Abbreviation of offshore banking unit.


turncoat witness

turncoat witness (plural turncoat witnesses)


undue enrichment

undue enrichment (plural undue enrichments)


hostile possession

hostile possession (countable and uncountable, plural hostile possessions)

adverse possession
adverse possession#English


adjournment sine die

adjournment sine die (plural adjournments sine die)

Notwithstanding any other provision hereof, the referendum with respect to the national marketing quota for wheat for the marketing year beginning June 1, 1986, may be conducted not later than thirty-one days after adjournment sine die of the first session of the Ninety-ninth Congress.

2001, United States Code 2000 Edition: Title 5 — Government Organization and Employees, Appendix, to Title 7 – Agriculture, §§ 1–1900, Government Printing Office, →ISBN, pages 775–776:

At the close of the first session of the 66th Congress, the two Houses adjourned sine die under authority granted each House by simple resolutions consenting to such adjournment sine die at any time prior to a specified date (Nov. 19, 1919, p. 8810).

1922; House Document, Issue 128; Government Printing Office; page [37]


unjust enrichment

unjust enrichment (plural unjust enrichments)

(law) a benefit gained at another's expense without legally justifiable grounds, such as one gained by mistake.

不當得利

benefit unlawfully gained at another's expense


jailmate

An acquaintance in prison; a person imprisoned at the same time.


real right

(law) ius in re, a right attached to a thing or property, as ownership, usufruct, servitude, etc (as opposed to a personal right).


company law

(law) The branch of law which deals with the formation and running of companies.


public enemy number one

John Dillinger, America's Public Enemy No. 1 and the most notorious criminal of recent times, was shot and killed at 10:40 o'clock tonight by Federal agents.

1934 July 22, “Dillinger Slain in Chicago”, in New York Times, retrieved 2016-10-26, page 1:

"Sure you never heard of him?" he asked incredulously. "Never," I said flatly. "You must have," he argued. "Why Hamilton was a Public Enemy No. 1 at one time."

1946, George Johnston, Skyscrapers in the Mist, page 119:

(US, law enforcement, dated) A person who ranks highest on the federal government's prioritized list of wanted criminal fugitives.


conservative correctness

Coined by John Wilson, author of The Myth of Political Correctness: The Conservative Attack on Higher Education (1995), as a response to political correctness.

A manner of action and rhetoric that is inoffensive to rightists.


immovable property

immovable property (usually uncountable, plural immovable properties)


movable property

movable property (usually uncountable, plural movable properties)


adverse interest

adverse interest (plural adverse interests)

(law) Something contrary to the interests of a party to a lawsuit.


adverse interest rule

(law) The presumption that the failure of a party to produce a witness available to them indicates that the testimony of that witness would go against the party.


mitigating circumstances

extenuating circumstances
extenuating circumstances#English

(law) synonym of extenuating circumstances


retour sans protêt

From French retour (“return”) + sans (“without”) + protêt (“protest”).

(law) an instruction by a drawer of a bill of exchange that the bill may be returned without protest if it is dishonoured by the drawee.


peremptory challenge

peremptory challenge (countable and uncountable, plural peremptory challenges)

(law) The right of an attorney to reject potential jurors without stating a reason.


WTFPL

w:Do What the Fuck You Want To Public License

(computing) Initialism of Do What the Fuck You Want To Public License.


prochein ami

From late Middle English, from Anglo-Norman, from Old French prochain (“next”) + ami (“friend”); now sometimes spelt prochain ami following the French spelling.


prisoner-of-war camp

prisoner-of-war camp (plural prisoner-of-war camps)

A camp in which prisoners of war are interned.


prison camp

A camp in which either prisoners of war or political prisoners are interned.


big money

Republicans push Big Government to raise cash from one religious sect, but stomp on Big Government antitrust measures that prevent big money control of illegal monopolistic corporations like Wal-Mart and Microsoft.

2011, Rick Martin, No Money!: The Surviving Middle Class American, page 31:

To oversimplify a bit[…]the [Bernie] Sanders view is that money is the root of all evil. Or more specifically, the corrupting influence of big money, of the 1 percent and the corporate elite, is the overarching source of the political ugliness we see all around us.

2016 January 29, Paul Krugman, “Plutocrats and Prejudice”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

The political triumph of Donald Trump shattered the establishments in the Democratic and Republican parties – both wedded to the rule of Big Money and to the reign of meretricious politicians.

2016 November 17, Cornel West, “Goodbye, American neoliberalism. A new era is here”, in The Guardian:

The progressive wing of the Democratic Party is skeptical: The Republican Party has gone authoritarian. Mitch McConnell is obstructionist. Big money pulls the strings. The system is broken.

2021 August 5, David Brooks, “The Biden Approach Is Working”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

(politics) Large corporations, the people who run them, or corporate interest generally, seen as exerting political influence and prioritising profits over other political concerns.


venire facias de novo

Borrowed from Latin venire facias de novo (“that you make/cause to come anew”), from the opening words of the writ.

bor

After verdict, it was moved in arreſt of judgment, that one John Wale was returned upon the venire facias, and upon the diſtringas one John Wats was returned and ſworn. Upon examination it appeared that the juror was named John Wats, and not John Wale.—Wherefore the Court held, that the trial was ill, and the record not amendable. But it was then moved, Whether there might be a venire facias de novo, or that the writ ſhould abate?—And it was reſolved, that venire facias de novo ſhould be awarded; for the fault was only in the trial.

1791, George Croke, “Goddard against Hampton”, in Harbottle Grimston, Thomas Leach, editors, Reports of Sir George Croke, Knight, formerly One of the Justices of the Courts of King's-Bench and Common-Pleas, of such Select Cases as were Adjudged in the Said Courts during the Reign of James the First. Collected and Written in French, by Himself; Revised and Published in English by Sir Harbottle Grimston, Baronet, Master of the Rolls. The Fourth Edition, Corrected, with Marginal Notes and References to the Later Reports, and other Books of Authority, by Thomas Leach, Esq. of the Middle Temple, Barrister at Law, 4th corr. edition, volume II, London: Printed for E. and R. Brooke, Bell-Yard, Temple-Bar; and Whieldon and Butterworth, No. 43, Fleet-Street, →OCLC, page 458:

I have thought proper to refer this decision, in order that it may be laid before the Court of Common Pleas, when this case shall be tried again. I am of opinion, that the judgment should be reversed, and a venire facias de novo awarded.

1841, William Tilghman, Chief Judge of the United States Circuit Court for the Third Circuit, “Levy against The Commissioners of Northumberland County”, in Thomas Sergeant; William Rawle, Jun., Reports of Cases Adjudged in the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, volume X, 2nd rev. and corr. edition, Philadelphia, Pa.: Robert H. Small, Minor Street, OCLC 768073896, pages 292–293

(law) A judicial writ directing that a new jury be impanelled and that a new trial be held, due to some irregularity (especially a procedural irregularity) arising in the original trial.


victim surcharge

en-noun

victim surcharge (plural victim surcharges)

(UK, law) An additional financial penalty, levied on a convicted criminal, that goes into a pool to be distributed to victims of crime.


Coalgate

A small town in Selwyn District, Canterbury, New Zealand, where lignite was mined.

A small city, the county seat of Coal County, Oklahoma, United States.

A former unincorporated community in Raleigh County, West Virginia, United States.


regulatory capture

regulatory capture (countable and uncountable, plural regulatory captures)

First described in The Theory of Economic Regulation (1971).

Coordinate term: elite capture

This process, known as “'regulatory capture,” turns regulators from watchdogs into lapdogs. You don't have to look far to see regulatory capture in action. Securities and Exchange Commission officials are often accused of ignoring warnings about fraud, stifling investigations, even helping miscreants avoid paying big fines or going to jail.

2014, Charles Seife, “Capture”, in John Brockman, editor, What Should We Be Worried About?, Harper Collins, →ISBN, page 36:

The problem is regulatory capture. We need to want new companies to build these things, even if incumbents don’t like it, even if only to force the incumbents to build these things. And the problem is will. We need to build these things.

2022 August 5, Jerusalem Demsas, quoting Marc Andreessen, “The Billionaire’s Dilemma”, in The Atlantic:

special interest group
special interest group

The situation where a regulatory agency, created by government to act in the public interest, instead advances the commercial or political concerns of special interest groups that dominate the affected industry or sector.


statute of repose

statute of repose (plural statutes of repose)

Therefore, a plaintiff's cause of action may be extinguished by the statute of repose before the applicable statute of limitations time period expires, and a statute of repose may start running before a plaintiff's cause of action accrues.

2007, D. Alan Rudlin, Toxic Tort Litigation, →ISBN, page 74:

Statutes of repose are a compromise of the interests of consumers on the one hand and of manufacturers and sellers on the other.

2011, Donald L. Carper, John A. McKinsey, Understanding the Law, →ISBN, page 334:

Although twenty-two states have adopted a product liability statute of repose, these statutes frequently provide little if any comfort to a product manufacturer. For a statute of repose to offer true repose, it must provide a basis for a defendant to move to dismiss or for summary judgment.

2016, John S. Allee, Theodore V. H. Mayer, Robb W. Patryk, Product Liability, →ISBN, page 8-84:

(law) A law that sets a time limit for legal liability starting from the occurrence of a specified act (typically completion of a product or point of sale).


joint tenant

In Commonwealth Caribbean jurisdictions, apart from Belize, the pre-1926 co-ownership rules apply. Under these rules, both joint tenancies and tenancies in common can exist at law in equity as legal estates and equitable interests respectively. The possibility of creating tenancies in common at law is extremely inconvenient for conveyancers, as the effect of the fragmentation of the legal estate between numerous tenants in common is that each individual title must be investigated before a good title can be transferred to a purchaser of the land. To avoid this problem, the 1925 legislation in England and Wales provided that tenancies in common of the legal estate could no longer exist. The legal title henceforth had to be held by trustees as joint tenants on trust for sale for the benefit of the beneficiaries, who may be either joint tentants or tenants in common of the beneficial (equitable) interest.

2014, Gilbert Kodilinye, Commonwealth Caribbean Property Law, →ISBN, page 105:

(law) One of the owners of an asset that is mutually owned by joint tenancy.


tenant in common

tenant in common (plural tenants in common)

An undivided interest means that the tenant in common has a share in the whole and not ownership of a separate portion.

2002, William H. Pivar, Robert Bruss, California Real Estate Law, →ISBN, page 245:

(law) One of the owners of an asset that is mutually owned by tenancy in common.


joint tenancy

The act of 1821, “concerning partition and joint rights and obligations,” undertook to deal only with joint tenancies and tenancies in common, held by the tenants in their own rights or in right of their wives.

1894, Norman L. Freeman, Reports of Cases at Law and in Chancery Argued and Determined in the Supreme Court of Illinois, volume 148:

Whether it is a tenancy in common or a joint tenancy, there are several ways to end the co-ownership.

2001, Gerald R. Cortesi, Mastering Real Estate Principles, →ISBN, page 132:

In Commonwealth Caribbean jurisdictions, apart from Belize, the pre-1926 co-ownership rules apply. Under these rules, both joint tenancies and tenancies in common can exist at law in equity as legal estates and equitable interests respectively.

(law) A form of ownership by two or more individuals in which the share in the asset belonging to any of the owners passes automatically to the other owners upon death, without requiring probate.


tenancy in common

tenancy in common (plural tenancies in common)

(law) A form of ownership by two or more individuals in which each owner has a distinct, separately transferable interest which does not pass to the other owner or owners upon death.


Cinderella effect

Named after the mistreated girl from the fairy-tale Cinderella.

evolutionary psychology
evolutionary psychology

(evolutionary psychology) The alleged higher incidence of child abuse and mistreatment by stepparents than by biological parents.


ViSOR

(UK, law) Initialism of Violent and Sexual Offenders Register.


forensic medicine

The application of medical science to criminal investigation, especially in establishing the causes of injury or death.


sunset clause

A sunset clause in this act says the tax exemption will expire on the thirtieth day after the effective date of the act.

(law) A provision of a law which says the law or something under it, as an agency or benefit established by it, will come to an end on a particular date or after a particular period of time.


Chekist

From Russian чеки́ст (čekíst) from Чека́ (Čeká) + -ист (-ist).

intelligence agencies
intelligence agencies

(by extension, metonymically) A national security official of the KGB, FSB or any of the state security intelligence agencies of the Soviet Union or Russian Federation.


thelony

From Latin telōnium, from Ancient Greek τελώνῐον (telṓnion, “custom house”), from τέλος (télos, “due, tax, toll”).

der

As to thelony, it pleases us to exact old and just thelony from the merchants at bridges, and on ships and at markets. But let new or unjust thelony be not exacted where ropes are stretched or where ships pass under bridges, or in other similar cases in which no aid is lent to the travellers.

If a small ship arrives at Billingsgate it will give one obole as thelony [custom]; If it is a long ship, or a barge, and if it stays there, one denarius as thelony. From a ship full of timber, one log as thelony. A freight ship gives thelony on three days a week, namely, Sunday, Tuesday, and Thursday.

2003, Mary Ellen Snodgrass, Coins and Currency: An Historical Encyclopedia, →ISBN:

Merchants, that is Jews – as well as other merchants, wherever they come from, from that country or from others – shall pay the just thelony [toll], both for their servants and their goods, as was always the case in the time of previous kings.

2011, Paul Kriwaczek, Yiddish Civilisation: The Rise and Fall of a Forgotten Nation, →ISBN:

This also I have added that if any Jew should at any time stay with them he shall pay no thelony [tolls].

2012, Maristella Botticini, Zvi Eckstein, The Chosen Few: How Education Shaped Jewish History, 70-1492, →ISBN, page 333:

(historical) A toll or custom required from travelling merchants as a tax on doing business.


cronynomics

Obviously they didn't teach me cronynomics (crony-economics) in university.

2007 August 15, “PKFZ bailout: The CRONYNOMIC / EKORNOMIC rationale”, in Sean-the-man:

Frankly, I'm not sure why BT was ever privatised (aside from conservitard cronynomics) if it can't even pick its nose without public funding.

2012 July 5, aidanjt [username], “Re: News - £1.1 billion funding hole in super-fast broadband plans”, in Hexus:

[article title] Cronynomics: China stock market rebound the result of ‘secret’ government intervention

2015 August 27, “Cronynomics: China stock market rebound the result of ‘secret’ government intervention”, in Against Crony Capitalism, archived from the original on 2020-03-22:

crony capitalism
crony capitalism#English


aquaehaustus

(law, Scotland) The right of servitude to enter a property in order to take water from the river, loch, well or other source on the burdened property.


trial de novo

(law) A new trial in which the court or tribunal proceeds as though the original trial had not taken place.


jus in bello

From Latin jūs (“law, right”) + in (“in”) + bellō (“war”, ablative case of bellum).

affix

ablative case of <i class="Latn mention" lang="la">bellum</i>

(international law) the law that governs the way in which warfare is conducted.


Easter term

Easter + term. The word Easter is from Old English ēastre, apparently from Ēastre (“the name of a goddess whose festival was celebrated at the vernal equinox”), from Proto-Germanic *Austrǭ. The Christian feast day of Easter, which falls between 22 March and 25 April, often occurs during this term.

(law) The third term of the legal year, running from April to May, during which the upper courts of England and Wales, and Ireland, sit to hear cases.


Trinity term

The Christian feast day of Trinity Sunday, the first Sunday after Whitsunday or Pentecost, occurs during this term; it falls at the end of May or in early June.

[Order] XIX. That whenever the time allowed for any of the following purposes, that is to say, for amending any bill, for filing, delivering, and referring exceptions to any answer, or for obtaining a Master's report upon any exceptions, would expire in the interval between the last seal after Trinity term and the first seal before Michaelmas term, or between the last seal after Michaelmas term and the first seal before Hilary term, such time shall extend to and include the day of the general seal then next ensuing.

1845, R. Levinge Swift, “Appendix. Lord Lyndhurst’s Orders of 3rd April, 1828, (Amended by Lord Brougham’s Orders, 23rd November, 1831.)”, in The Orders of the High Court of Chancery, from Hilary Term 1828 to Trinity Term 1845, as at Present Applicable to the Practice: With the Cases Decided under each Order, London: Owen Richards, law bookseller and publisher, 194. Fleet-Street, →OCLC, pages 8–9:

(law) The fourth and final term of the legal year, running from May to July, during which the upper courts of England and Wales, and Ireland, sit to hear cases.


vel non

The undocumented status of these children vel non does not establish a sufficient rational basis for denying them benefits that the State affords other residents.

June 1982, United States Supreme Court, Plyler v. Doe

(especially law) or not; used when discussing the existence or nonexistence of a condition, circumstance, etc


Michaelmas term

en-noun

Michaelmas term (plural Michaelmas terms)

Michael (archangel)
Royal Courts of Justice

From Michaelmas + term; Michaelmas is from Michael (“the name of the biblical archangel”) + -mas (suffix indicating a holiday or sacred day), meaning the feast day of St Michael. Michael is derived from Late Latin Michahel, from Koine Greek Μιχαήλ (Mikhaḗl), from Biblical Hebrew מִיכָאֵל (mîḵāʾēl, “who is like God?”); while -mas is from mass, from Middle English masse, from Old English mæsse (“mass (celebration of the Eucharist)”), from Vulgar Latin *messa (“Eucharist; dismissal”), from Late Latin missa, a noun use of the feminine past participle of Latin mittere, the present active infinitive of mittō (“to dispatch, send; to discharge, release; to dismiss”), possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *meytH- (“to exchange”). The Christian feast day of Michaelmas, 29 September, occurs a few days before the start of this term.

der

A Rule was made for the Plaintiff to ſhew Cauſe why the Trial ſhould not be reſpited till Michaelmas''' Term next upon Affidavits that a material Witneſs for Defendant was gone to Sea, and was not expected home till Auguſt next. […] Per Cur[iam]: Let the Rule be abſolute, it being ſworn that the Witneſs is not expected to return till Auguſt next. The Trial muſt be put off till Michaelmas''' Term, without farther motion.

1772, Henry Barnes, “Stratford against Marshall”, in Notes of Cases in Points of Practice Taken in the Courts of Common Pleas at Westminster; from Michaelmas Term 1732, to Hilary Term 1756 inclusive. […], 2nd edition, London: […] W[illiam] Strahan and M. Woodfall, […]; for William Owen, […], →OCLC, pages 440–441:

In Robinson v. Taylor, 5 Dowl. 518, which was a country cause, and issue had been joined in Easter vacation; no notice of trial for the summer assizes; it was held that it was not too early to move in the following Michaelmas term.

1839, Charles [Favell Forth] Wordsworth, “Cases Determined upon the New Rules and Statutes since the Publication of the Last Edition”, in Supplement to the Rules of Court, from Michaelmas Term, 1830, to the Present Time, including those on Pleading; […], London: A. Maxwell, […], →OCLC, page ccccv:

1845, R. Levinge Swift, “Appendix. Lord Lyndhurst’s Orders of 3rd April, 1828, (Amended by Lord Brougham’s Orders, 23rd November, 1831.)”, in The Orders of the High Court of Chancery, from Hilary Term 1828 to Trinity Term 1845, as at Present Applicable to the Practice: […], London: Owen Richards, […], →OCLC, pages 8–9:

(law) The first term of the legal year, running from October to December, during which the upper courts of England and Wales, and Ireland, sit to hear cases.


getaway car

There was an average Monday
There was a movie star
There was a man with a gun
There was a getaway car

2004, Tub Ring (lyrics and music), “Alexander in Charge”, in Zoo Hypothesis, performed by Tub Ring:

I'm in a getaway car
I left you in a motel bar
Put the money in the bag and I stole the keys
That was the last time you ever saw me

2017, Taylor Swift (lyrics and music), “Getaway Car”, in Reputation, performed by Taylor Swift:

The police had found the getaway car in the field. The rain had washed most of the yellow paint off the Mini to reveal the Union Jack underneath. There was no doubt that the car was Queenie. This led the police to their prime suspect, the car’s owner, Gilbert Goodie.

2017, David Walliams [pseudonym; David Edward Williams], Bad Dad, London: HarperCollins Children’s Books, →ISBN:

A car (motor vehicle) that is left with the motor running and a driver in position while a crime is being committed so that the perpetrators may flee the scene quickly.


Associate Justice

en-noun

Associate Justice (plural Associate Justices)

(US, law) A member of a judicial panel who is not the chief justice.


Scotch verdict

From its use in the Scottish legal system.

(Scots law, criminal law, dated) A verdict of "not proven".

Scots law; criminal law; Scots law; criminal law


contra-trading

(finance, taxation) A form of carousel fraud that evades detection by using two "carousels" of traded goods, where one carousel is legitimate and the other is not, and thus the input and output VATs neutralize each other to conceal the fraud.


Federal Constitutional Court

en-proper noun

Federal Constitutional Court (plural Federal Constitutional Courts)

The supreme constitutional court of the Federal Republic of Germany.

germaniis pederaluri saḳonsṭiṭucio sasamartlo

გერმანიის ფედერალური საკონსტიტუციო სასამართლო

Federalʹnyj Konstitucionnyj sud Federativnoj Respubliki Germanii

Федеральный Конституционный суд Федеративной Республики Германии


cyberfraudster

A cybercriminal who carries out online fraud.


Henry VIII clause

en-noun

Henry VIII clause (plural Henry VIII clauses)

Named after English King Henry VIII, who passed the Statute of Proclamations in 1539 that empowered him to legislate by proclamation.

(Australia, India, New Zealand, UK) A provision in a bill before Parliament, that enables the Government to amend the text of the bill once it becomes an Act of Parliament or to repeal the Act using secondary legislation.

Henry VIII clause
Statute of Proclamations


pros ton kairon

Transliteration of the Ancient Greek πρὸς τὸν καιρόν (pròs tòn kairón).

der

πρὸς τὸν καιρόν


confidential informant

en-noun

confidential informant (plural confidential informants)

(law, law enforcement, criminology) An individual who secretly provides information to the police about wrongdoing which they are aware of due to the individual's relationship to the wrongdoer.

indic

person who secretly provides information to the police


oral argument

(law) A portion of a legal proceeding wherein the attorneys present their argument by speaking directly to the judge and answering the judge's questions.


restrictive practice

restrictive practice (plural restrictive practices)

(law, business, derogatory) In antitrust law, any practice that restricts other business, such as price fixing, market sharing, monopolizing, or attempting to monopolize markets.


reeducation camp

reeducation camp (plural reeducation camps)

From reeducation + camp. First use appears c. 1935 in the Oakland Tribune.

Although the Socialist Republic of Vietnam now encourages Vietnamese refugees to visit their native land, many refuse to do so, fearing that [...] they would be hustled off to reeducation camps to face starvation, over-work, and slow death.

1989, James Freeman, Hearts of Sorrow: Vietnamese-American Lives, page 11:

(euphemistic) A camp or prison where ideological dissidents undergo reeducation or indoctrination.

再教育營

camp where dissidents undergo reeducation

By degrees the seriously wounded were concentrated in this hospital, which remained open till 1919, and the discharged drafted to a Belgian reeducation camp in France.

1922, “Women's War Work”, in Hugh Chisolm, editor, The Encyclopedia Britannica, volume 32, page 1064:

(dated) A camp where people are rehabilitated to health, especially after injury.


queer ken

From queer (“weird; odd”) + ken (“house”).

Fact is, / she’ll end up in the charpering carsey / of Jennifer Justice. What is this / queer ken she’s in?

2015 October 12, Adam Lowe, “Poem of the week: Vada That”, in The Guardian:

(dated, UK, thieves' cant and Polari) A prison.


decrime

en-verb

decrime (third-person singular simple present decrimes, present participle decriming, simple past and past participle decrimed)

decrimes (present singular third-person)
decriming (participle present)
decrimed (participle past)
decrimed (past)

(law enforcement) To remove the criminal status of a reported crime, typically due to insufficient evidence or to artificially reduce crime statistics


a vinculo matrimonii

Learned borrowing from Latin a vinculo matrimonii (“from the bond of marriage”).

lbor

These courts never granted divorces a vinculo matrimonii, which permit either—or both—of the divorced persons to contract a fresh marriage […]

1882, Annie Besant, Marriage, As It Was, As It Is, And As It Should Be: A Plea For Reform, second edition, London: The Freethought Publishing Company, page 38:

It includes both the complete abrogation of the marriage relation known as a divorce a vinculo matrimonii, which carries with it a power on the part of both parties to the marriage to remarry other persons or each other […]

1911, “Divorce”, in Encyclopædia Britannica, 11th edition, volume 8, New York, N.Y.: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., page 334:

(law, of a divorce) Describing an absolute divorce, after which the parties may remarry.


a vinculo matrimonii

The woman divorced a vinculo matrimonii, receives again all that ſhe brought with her: […]

1741, “Divorce”, in Ephraim Chambers, editor, Cyclopædia, or an Universal Dictionary of Arts and Sciences, fifth edition:


chancel repair liability

(British, law) the legal requirement for homeowners to pay for their local church's repairs


hangworthy

en-adj

hangworthy (comparative more hangworthy, superlative most hangworthy)

more hangworthy (comparative)
most hangworthy (superlative)

a hangworthy thief


penal law

en-noun

penal law (countable and uncountable, plural penal laws)


CBO

criminal behaviour order
w:criminal behaviour order

(law, England and Wales) Initialism of criminal behaviour order.


attendable

Under the English practice, it was usual to issue separate warrants, attendable at different days.

1876, William Leggo, The Practice of the Court of Chancery for Ontario:


Markush group

(US, law) Any of the functionally equivalent chemical entities referenced in a Markush claim.


assassinee

/əˌsæsɪˈniː/

From assassin(ate) + -ee (suffix forming nouns meaning people or things to whom or to which actions are done).

suffix

In some ways I regret the failure to arrive at a definite conclusion, but it has provided me with an extremely interesting list of suicides and assassinees that includes such great names as Hannibal, [Julius] Cæsar, [Thomas] More, [Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of] Strafford, [Robert] Clive, [Maximilien] Robespierre and [Robert Stewart, Viscount] Castlereagh.

1924 March, A[ubrey] Wyatt Tilby, “A Study in Life Values”, in The Nineteenth Century and After: A Monthly Review, volume XCV, number DLXV, London: Constable & Company […], →OCLC, footnote 1, page 462:

The general rule, I suppose, is that if the assassinee is deep enough sunk in turpitude the assassin may secure an honourable place in history.

1941, The Spectator: A Weekly Review of Politics, Literature, Theology, and Art, volume 167, London: F. C. Westley, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 228, column 1:

On entering the city room, I was met by the managing editor, who asked me if I knew that the assassinee’s brother-in-law owned the money behind the paper. The family had had the story jerked, and had managed to keep it out of every other paper in the city.

1953, A[bbott] J[oseph] Liebling, “The Navasota Murder”, in The Honest Rainmaker: The Life and Times of Colonel John R. Stingo, Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, →OCLC; republished in Liebling at Home, New York, N.Y.: Wideview Books, 1982, →ISBN, page 311:

"Who was it?" / "They haven't caught him yet." / "I mean the—the assassinee." / "Nobody important. But he looked like the Minister. Where did you have supper?"

1958 October 24, Graham Greene, chapter 1, in Our Man in Havana: An Entertainment, London: The Reprint Society, published 1960, →OCLC, part IV, section I, page 119:

On the even brighter side, if the rubbed-out would-be reader were a person of some note, the assassination might merit some free widespread publicity resulting in a rush to buy and read what was so thoughtfully tucked under the armpit of the assassinee at the moment the fatal bullet struck home.

2007, Robert George Cooper, Thailand beyond the Fringe, Singapore: Marshall Cavendish Editions, →ISBN, page 25:

(nonstandard, often humorous) One who is assassinated.

salamurhan uhri

(nonstandard, often humorous) one who is assassinated


law of obligations

(law) A branch of private law under civil-law legal systems concerning the rights and duties arising between individuals.

velvoiteoikeus

The area of law pertaining to the rights and duties that arise from agreements


contract law

(law) The area of law pertaining to the rights and duties that arise from agreements.


tax law

(law) The area of law pertaining to the statutory and regulatory rules applicable to taxation.


first-sale doctrine

(US, law) A legal doctrine that limits the rights of a copyright or trademark owner by allowing certain forms of distribution, such as enabling individuals to sell legally purchased copyrighted works to others.


family law

(law) The area of private law pertaining to family matters and domestic relations.


free speech zone

en-noun

free speech zone (plural free speech zones)

(politics, US) An area set aside in public places for the purpose of protesting.


fiscal law

(law) The area of law pertaining to public finances.


contractualize

en-verb

contractualize (third-person singular simple present contractualizes, present participle contractualizing, simple past and past participle contractualized)

contractualizes (present singular third-person)
contractualizing (participle present)
contractualized (participle past)
contractualized (past)

This approach would contractualize the East's very large numerical advantages in most types of major armaments in the area.

1977, American Foreign Policy Current Documents, page 460:

During the consensus-building stage, the program design unit identifies potential program partners and begins to formalize their role in the project and contractualize their contribution.

2003, Ivo Imparato, Jeff Ruster, Slum Upgrading and Participation: Lessons from Latin America, page 157:

What promises or agreements should the law contractualize (or decontractualize)? For example, should the law contractualize so-called gratuitous or unbargained-for promises—promises that are not supported by consideration?

2011, Hanoch Sheinman, Promises and Agreements: Philosophical Essays, page 35:

(law) To represent, model or formalize an agreement, intent or understanding within a legal framework or contract


usufruction

The antecedent circumstances show that the natural right always appertaining to the early inhabitants of the shores of this river, above the Canadian line, to navigate it, has once been fortified by joint conquest, and by subsequent joint usufruction.

1828 January 7, “(B.) American Paper on the Navigation of the St. Lawrence, (18th Protocol.)”, in Navigation of the St. Lawrence. Message from the President of the United States, Transmitting a Report from the Secretary of State, and the Correspondence with the Government of Great Britain, Relative to the Free Navigation of the River St. Lawrence (House of Representatives, 20th Congress, 1st session; doc. no. 43), Washington, D.C.: Printed by Gales & Seaton, →OCLC, page 40:

The land cultivated by the peasant therefore was divided into two principal categories: / 1. That in which he had rights of property; / 2. That in which he had only rights of usufruction. […] As regards the land in which the peasant had only rights of usufruction, it was divided into two principal categories: / 1. Land in which the peasant had hereditary rights of usufruction, and could transmit his holding to his descendants and his collaterals, according to the common law of inheritance; / 2. Land in which the occupier was only a tenant for life, or for a term of years, or at will.

1870, R[obert] B[urnett] D[avid] Morier, “The Agrarian Legislation of Prussia during the Present Century”, in Systems of Land Tenure in Various Countries. A Series of Essays Published under the Sanction of the Cobden Club, London: Macmillan and Co., →OCLC, page 296:

The use of the property of an orphan by a guardian who carries out his guardianship, is allowed for the latter's daily subsistence. Such use should be just and reasonable. […] According to al-Sha'bá, such just and reasonable use is like usufructing the milk of cattle, having services from servants and riding animals or vehicles, as long as such usufruction does not impair or damage the property itself.

1994, Abdullah Alwi Haji Hassan, “Loans, Deposit and al-Ḥajr”, in Sales and Contracts in Early Islamic Commercial Law, Islamabad: Islamic Research Institute, International Islamic University, (Islamic Research Institute, Islamabad; no. 92), →OCLC; republished Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia: The Other Press, 2007, page 199

(law) The condition or state of possessing a usufruct.


inheritance law

(law) The area of law pertaining to passing on property, titles, debts, rights, and obligations upon the death of an individual.

繼承法

Area of plaw pertaining to passing on property, titles, debts, rights, and obligations upon the death of an individual


fact pattern

This simulation has four separate fact patterns, each followed by five legal conclusions relating to the fact pattern preceding those five numbered legal conclusions.

2007, Patrick R. Delaney, O. Ray Whittington, Wiley CPA Examination Review 2007-2008, Problems and Solutions, →ISBN:

Lack of desire to hurt is no defense: Beware a common trap: the fact pattern indicates that D did not want to harm (or at least physically injure) anyone. This doesn't matter — it's still f.m. if the death proximately results from the felony.

2007, Steven L. Emanuel, Criminal Law, →ISBN, page 293:

While you will have to make immediate decisions and take actions, the crisis fact pattern will most likely be incomplete and will contain wrong information.

2014, Bruce T. Blythe, Blindsided: A Manager's Guide to Crisis Leadership, →ISBN:

In contrast, the problem with the common law approach is that it swings too far in the opposite direction, identifying everyone in the fact pattern, regardless of mental state, hierarchical position or level of contribution, as being a member of a massive JCE or conspiracy.

2014, Elies van Sliedregt, Sergey Vasiliev, Pluralism in International Criminal Law, →ISBN:

(law) A set of relationships that have been established for an event from which a legal conclusion can be drawn.


transitional provision

en-noun

transitional provision (plural transitional provisions)

(law) A statutory provision that regulates a process that starts before an amendment or enactment of the statute comes into force, and ends after the amendment or enactment of the statute has come into force.


juvy

juvy (countable and uncountable, plural juvies)

From juvenile + -y with elision; morphologically analogous to bougie = bourgeoisie + -ie/-y.


tort law

(law) The area of law dealing with wrongful acts, whether intentional or negligent, regarded as non-criminal and unrelated to contracts, which cause injuries and can be remedied in civil courts, usually through the awarding of damages.

vahingonkorvausoikeus

area of law dealing with wrongful acts, regarded as non-criminal and unrelated to contracts, which cause injuries


spit hood

(law enforcement) A head restraint intended to prevent spitting and biting.


Griswold

(US, law, sexuality, US politics, informal, uncountable) Ellipsis of Griswold v. Connecticut. A 1965 U.S. Supreme Court case that legalized contraception, allowing access to contraceptives for married couples; and reaffirmed the existence of a right to privacy under due process following the 14th Amendment.


Bananagate

A scandal of the 1970s involving bribes to the Honduran president to reduce the export tax on bananas. It provoked the overthrow of Honduras' military government.


rocket docket

(US, law) A court or other tribunal that is noted for the speedy disposition of cases.


Wilson Doctrine

After Harold Wilson, British politician who established the rule.

The convention in the United Kingdom that restricts the police and intelligence services from tapping the telephones of Members of the House of Commons and House of Lords.


flatch

Phonetic spelling of the backslang for half (with /tʃ/ substituted for the /h/).

(dated, costermongers, crime) A counterfeit half-crown.

costermongers; crime; costermongers; crime


drag-along right

drag-along right (plural drag-along rights)

(law) The right of a majority shareholder, when selling his/her stake, to force minority shareholders to join the deal and sell their stakes according to the same terms and conditions.


counter-genocide

A genocide perpetrated in response or retaliation to another genocide.


The telephone number for law enforcement in Jamaica, Mozambique, the Maldives, and Sri Lanka.

The telephone number for COVID-19 emergencies in the United Kingdom's Home Counties.


Like 911, 119, etc., selected as a number both fast and easy to call from rotary or touch-tone phones and less likely to be mistakenly dialed.

110 handles police emergencies in Japan and Korea but fires and medical emergencies have a separate number, 119.

The telephone number for law enforcement in China, Japan, Germany, Indonesia, Latvia, Bolivia, Guatamala, Andorra, Nauru, and the Ivory Coast and on Taiwan.


slicktop

(US, Canada, law enforcement, informal) a police car with painted markings and decals but no external rooftop lights.


not proven

There was a time that the only verdicts a jury could return were proven or not proven. While the verdict of proven has long since been replaced, that of not proven has survived the test of time.

2014, Francis Pakes, Comparative Criminal Justice, page 12:

(Scots law) Having insufficient evidence to prove guilt or innocence under Scots law.


identity parade

identity parade (plural identity parades)

He moved through the circle and sat down on Cost’s left like a criminal taking his place in an identity parade.

1943, Graham Greene, The Ministry of Fear, London: Heinemann, published 1950, Book 1, Chapter 4, p. 61:

‘I deny it, I utterly deny it, my movements were those I’ve given you.’
‘Yet you refuse to take part in an identity parade?’

1984, Alan Hunter, chapter 6, in The Unhanged Man, New York: Walker, pages 87–88:

(UK, Ireland, law enforcement) A process by which a witness confirms the identity of a criminal suspect, by viewing the suspect together with other people who were not involved in the crime.


prayer for relief

prayer for relief (plural prayers for relief)

(law) The portion of a complaint in which the plaintiff describes the remedies sought from the court, such as damages or an injunction.


lawbot

(computing, law) A piece of software designed to complete minor but repetitive legal tasks automatically or on command.

(computing, law) A piece of software designed to retrieve legal information automatically or on command.


Witherspoon-excludable

In reference to the legal case Witherspoon v. Illinois.

(US, law) A person who is utterly opposed to capital punishment and therefore may be excluded as a juror.


Archbold

w:Archbold Criminal Pleading, Evidence and Practice

(law) Short for Archbold Criminal Pleading, Evidence and Practice.


cross-appeal

(law) An appeal to one court to review the decision of another.


cross-appeal

en-verb

cross-appeal (third-person singular simple present cross-appeals, present participle cross-appealing, simple past and past participle cross-appealed)

cross-appeals (present singular third-person)
cross-appealing (participle present)
cross-appealed (participle past)
cross-appealed (past)

(intransitive, law) To appeal to one court to review the decision of another.


squad room

A room in a police station where officers congregate


stranger crime

A crime committed by someone who does not know the attacker


Saint Nicholas' clerk

en-noun

Saint Nicholas' clerk (plural Saint Nicholas' clerks)

After Saint Nicholas, the patron saint of thieves.

And like the Saint Nicolas Clarkes on Salsburie plaine (I vse the si∣militude, for that Martin loues Sarum so well) stept out before vs in the high waie, and bidde vs stand.

1589, Thomas Nashe, Martins Months Minde:

Sirrah, if they meet not with Saint Nicholas' / clerks, I'll give thee this neck.

a. 1597, William Shakespeare, Henry IV Part 1, act 2, scene 1:

The théefe that commits the Robbery, and is the chiefe clerke to Saint Nicholas, is called the High Lawyer.

1608, Thomas Dekker, The Bel-Man of London, published in The Guls Hornbook and The Belman of London in Two Parts, J. M. Dent & Sons, published 1905, page 142:

And now hur prattle of Davie, I think yonder come prancing down the hills from Kingston, a couple of hur t'other cozens, Saint Nicholas' clerks.

c. 1622, William Rowley, A Match at Midnight, act 1, scene 1:

Next it is decreed, that the receivers of our rents and customes, to wit divers Rookes, and Saint Nicholas Clearkes shall certainely use no more slights to get more then they can clearely come off with, under penalty of being carried up Hol∣borne in a cart, and at Tiburne executed, which may tend to the dissolution of our whole fraternity.

1635, Henry Glapthorne, The Hollander, act 3, scene 1:

I was t'other night upon the randan, and who should I meet with but our old gang, some of St. Nicholas' clerks?

1662, John Wilson, The Cheats, published in The Dramatic Works of John Wilson, Edinburgh: William Paterson, published 1874, act 1, scene 1, page 18:


all-ports warning

all-ports warning (plural all-ports warnings)

(UK, law enforcement) A form of all-points bulletin circulated to international ports so that a fleeing suspect can be identified and apprehended.


geographical indication

geographical indication (plural geographical indications)

(law) a name or sign used on products which corresponds to a specific geographical location or origin


RTK

A related body of law in the United States, falling under the categories of Right to Know (RTK), freedom of information, and government in the sunshine, have affected open information policies at all levels of government across many different categories.

2018, Patrick McHaffie, Sungsoon Hwang, Cassie Follett, GIS: An Introduction to Mapping Technologies, CRC Press, →ISBN:


worthiest of blood

worthiest of blood (plural worthiest of blood)

(UK, law) A male rather than a female, when legally favoured as a successor.


NRB

(UK, taxation and law) Initialism of nil-rate band.


snatch squad

There have been numerous reports of snatch squads detaining men on the street and drafting them into the army.

2022 September 19, Luke Harding, “Russia no longer has full control of Luhansk as Ukraine recaptures village”, in The Guardian:

(UK) A group of police officers who rush forward in formation so as to apprehend an individual from a crowd.


go equipped

en-verb

go equipped (third-person singular simple present goes equipped, present participle going equipped, simple past went equipped, past participle gone equipped)

goes equipped (present singular third-person)
going equipped (participle present)
went equipped (past)
gone equipped (participle past)

From the heading of section 25 of the Theft Act 1968: "Going equipped for stealing, etc."

Would I go equipped? You can get a stiff sentence for that! I've got a couple of skeleton keys, I don't deny, but I hope we won't need them. There are other ways.

1997, Claire Rayner, Fifth Member (George Barnabas; 4):

They were allegedly carrying cable cutters and a hammer when they were arrested and could face up to 10 years in prison if deemed to have "gone equipped" to commit an offence at the base.

2006 June 1, “Base trespass suspects rearrested”, in BBC News:

A Scotland Yard spokesman said three arrests were for public order offences, one was for possession of an offensive weapon, three were for going equipped and 12 breaches of the peace.

2011 November 9, “Thousands march in student fees protest”, in The Independent:

All had admitted conspiracy to burgle and Talbot also admitted going equipped to burgle and Eldred a breach of a conditional discharge.

2017 February 8, Ian Proctor, “JAILED: Burglars who went equipped with tools, disguises and homemade swag bags”, in The Lancashire Telegraph:

(UK, law and law enforcement, intransitive) To carry tools, weapons or other articles with the intent of using them to commit a crime.


swag bag

Mid-19th century UK. From swag (“stolen goods”).

Except in old-fashioned thrillers and detective stories there doesn't seem to be much talk of thieves and break-ins. There might be a robbery in P. G. Wodehouse, but only as a bit of comic business, as in the modern cartoon, where eye-mask and swag-bag identify the comic neighbourhood burglar.

2004, Vidiadhar Surajprasad Naipaul, Magic Seeds:

A career criminal was caught by police as he attempted to leave a swag bag of stolen goods with a friend's next-door neighbour.

2014 December 22, Jeremy Culley, “One of Bolton's most prolific criminals is caught after trying to leave bag of stolen goods with baffled neighbour”, in The Bolton News:

A bungling robber who had to abandon £9,000-worth of cigarettes because the swag bag was too heavy has been told he deserved every day of his four-and-a-half year sentence.

2017 March 14, James Cartledge, “Bungling raider who dumped stolen cigarettes because swag bag was too heavy loses jail appeal”, in The Birmingham Mail:


The initialism ACAB with the letters substituted with their position in the alphabet.

(See title)

2007 December 16, MI5-V...@mi5.gov.uk, “MI5-Persecution: How Could It Be True? (1312)”, in alt.fan.george-michael (Usenet):

....anonymous member of anti-police-brutality activist group the 1312 Project - shorthand for "All Cops Are....

2015 September 18, _ G O D _, “Police Brutality California Style : It Takes 9 Stockton Officers To Arrest 1 Teen For Jaywalking [VIDEO]”, in alt.revisionism (Usenet):

Having a tattoo or a bomberjack with the text '1312' or 'ACAB' (All Cops Are Bastards).

2015, Thomas Bustamante, Christian Dahlman, Argument Types and Fallacies in Legal Argumentation, →ISBN, page 70:

One group is simply called 'ACAB'; the other is called 'Visitors 1312'. The latter was formed from the amalgamation of two groups, '1312' and 'Visitors'. '1312' is significant because it refers to the numerical positions in the alphabet of the letters comprising 'ACAB'.

2015, Mark Doidge, Football Italia: Italian Football in an Age of Globalization, →ISBN, page 174:

Alternative form of ACAB (“all cops are bastards”).


blue light bandit

en-noun

blue light bandit (plural blue light bandits)

(criminology) Someone with criminal intentions who impersonates a police officer on the road using a vehicle that has been modified to appear to be a patrol car.


break clause

(UK, law) A term in a tenancy agreement that allows the tenancy to come to an end before the stated date of termination.


mare liberum

(international law) A body of water within the open sea to which all countries have access.


sui iuris

(law) Having the right and the capability to manage one's own affairs


fair trial

(law) A civil or criminal trial that is held in accordance with the laws of the country. In the United States, this includes the right to consult with a lawyer and be judged by a competent, independent and impartial jury and judge.


turning approver

turning approver (plural turning approvers)

(law, India and historically in the British Isles) Someone giving full disclosure about a crime in return for pardon.


desk murderer

→ German: Schreibtischtäter (calque)

Used by Gideon Hausner to describe Adolf Eichmann, but often attributed to Hannah Arendt.

A bureaucrat, etc. who indirectly assists in genocide or other killing by performing clerical tasks.

Adolf Eichmann
Gideon Hausner
Hannah Arendt


IMT

(law, military) Initialism of International Military Tribunal


state of nature

state of nature (plural states of nature)

(philosophy, religion, law) The way that people lived before there was any organized society.

luonnontila

the way that people lived before there was any organized society


CFA

conditional fee agreement
conditional fee agreement#English

(law) Initialism of conditional fee agreement.


diminished responsibility

(law) A defense by which the defendant argues that, although they broke the law, they should not be held fully criminally liable, as their mental functions were impaired.


kotong cop

From Tagalog kotong (“bribery & extortion; corrupt”) + cop.

compound

(Philippines, derogatory, informal) a police officer involved in kotong (bribery and extortion); a corrupt police officer


FUTA

Federal Unemployment Tax Act
w:Federal Unemployment Tax Act

(US, law) Acronym of Federal Unemployment Tax Act.


ninja cop

After their ability to climb the perimeter fences of warehouses where the confiscated drugs are stored.

These 'ninja cops,' explained Carlos, are legitimate cops who are part of the operating group of the anti-illicit drugs campaign, but conduct illegal activities like reselling of the contraband

2016 July 7, Trishia Billones, “Top policemen linked to drugs face probe over 'ninja cops'”, in ABS-CBN News, ABS-CBN News and Public Affairs:

Police officers who are part of an anti-drugs operating group but conduct illegal activities like reselling of the contraband have been dubbed as “ninja cops.”

2016 August 11, Tetch Torres-Tupas, “‘Ninja cops’ unmasked, charged with selling illegal drugs”, in Inquirer.net, Philippine Daily Inquirer:

2018 August 17, Pia Ranada, “Duterte dangles P5M for dead 'ninja cops,' only P10k if caught alive”, in Rappler, Rappler:

2019 September 26, Azer Parrocha, “'Ninja cop' syndicate ‘a thing of the past’: Palace”, in Philippine News Agency:

2019 October 3, Eimor Santos, “Senate orders detention of ‘ninja cop’ for contempt”, in CNN Philippines, archived from the original on 2019-10-13:

(Philippines, informal) A police officer involved in the illicit resale of confiscated illegal drugs.


(organized crime) Mara Salvatrucha, a criminal gang operating in some Salvadoran communities in Central and North America.


moron in a hurry

en-noun

moron in a hurry (plural morons in a hurry)

(UK, law) Any hypothetical person used in a legal test related to trade marks; the "moron in a hurry" is the only person who could reasonably be imagined to confuse two marks.


person having ordinary skill in the art

person having ordinary skill in the art (plural persons having ordinary skill in the art or people having ordinary skill in the art)

people having ordinary skill in the art (plural)

(UK, law) A hypothetical person having the normal skills and knowledge in a particular technical field (an "art"), without being a genius; used in a legal test related to patents.


man on the Bondi tram

(New South Wales, law) Any hypothetical reasonable person used by the Courts when considering questions of reasonableness.


sub-judge

desc

→ Bengali: সবজজ (śobojoj), সাবজজ (sabjoj)

→ Odia: ସବ୍ ଜଜ୍ (sab jaj)

Aziz was suing her for damages in the sub-judge’s court.

1924, E. M. Forster, A Passage to India, Penguin 2005, page 243:

Incidentally, the last phase of a very old case relating to the partition of the Bhingarpur common estate was in progress at the time in the sub-judge court.

2011, Harihar Mahapatra, translated by Ashok K Mohanty, My Life, My Work, page 196:

(India) The judge of a subordinate court.


Red Room

(Internet) According to an urban legend, a room where people are tortured and murdered for an audience of viewers via the Dark Web, the viewers sometimes voting or bidding on the form of torture to be performed.


assur

Wool which has been shorn from it or which has fallen off it is assur (prohibited for any beneficial use) and if it becomes mixed with other wool the whole becomes assur (Y.D. 308).

1968, Samson Raphael Hirsch, Horeb: A Philosophy of Jewish Laws and Observances:

In their commentary, the Tosafot conclude that it is assur to inflict a wound in one's body (chovel be'atzmo) even if he benefits from it.

2006, Rabbi Alfred S. Cohen, editor, Journal of Halacha and Contemporary Society, numbers 51–56:

After chatzos it is assur to daven shacharis.

2011 February 23, Philogos, “How To Understand Yeshivish”, in The Forward:


NBI

National Bureau of Investigation#English

(Philippines, law enforcement) Initialism of National Bureau of Investigation.


PDEA

Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency
w:Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency

(Philippines, law enforcement) Initialism of Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency.


in mitius

(law) Having a retroactive (ex post facto) effect that softens or mitigates a penalty.


catch red-handed

en-verb

catch red-handed (third-person singular simple present catches red-handed, present participle catching red-handed, simple past and past participle caught red-handed)

catches red-handed (present singular third-person)
catching red-handed (participle present)
caught red-handed (participle past)
caught red-handed (past)

(transitive) To discover or capture someone in the act of committing a crime.


DBU

(business, law) Abbreviation of domestic banking unit.


curatory

(law) guardianship; the role of a curator


unincriminating

en-adj

unincriminating (comparative more unincriminating, superlative most unincriminating)

more unincriminating (comparative)
most unincriminating (superlative)


FIR

en-noun

FIR (countable and uncountable, plural FIRs)

first information report
w:first information report

(South Asia, Singapore, law enforcement) Initialism of first information report.


celebricide

celebricide (countable and uncountable, plural celebricides)

Mark David Chapman's celebricide of John Lennon and John Hinckley, Jr.'s attempted assassination of President Reagan were neither politically motivated acts of terror nor psychologically motivated […].

1991, Joël Black, The Aesthetics of Murder, page 188:

“This started with O.J.,” he declares. […] Not only were we sanctioning celebricide, but we were watching it as a daily ritual.

2017, David Friend, The Naughty Nineties:


industrial design right

industrial design right (plural industrial design rights)

intellectual property
intellectual property

(law) an intellectual property right that protects the visual design of objects that are not purely utilitarian


mass shooting

mass shooting (countable and uncountable, plural mass shootings)

There is no consensus on what constitutes a mass shooting; different groups define it differently, depending on circumstances including the number of victims, whether the victims are killed or wounded, and whether the shooting occurs in a public place. The Gun Violence Archive[…] defines a mass shooting as one in which at least four people were killed or injured.

2023 March 28, Daniel Victor, “U.S. Mass Shootings in 2023: A Partial List”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

(chiefly US, crime) The shooting of multiple people over a short period of time, particularly when there are many victims and in which the victims are targeted indiscriminately.


vest in interest

en-verb

vest in interest (third-person singular simple present vests in interest, present participle vesting in interest, simple past and past participle vested in interest)

vests in interest (present singular third-person)
vesting in interest (participle present)
vested in interest (participle past)
vested in interest (past)

(law) To devolve as matter of right without reference to immediate right of possession.


military prison

en-noun

military prison (plural military prisons)


abintestate

(law) inheriting the estate of someone who died without having made a will


strict liability

(law) A standard of legal liability by which a person can be found liable regardless of intent, fault or negligence.


grass-eater

Calque of Japanese 草食系男子 (sōshokukei danshi, “herbivorous/grass-eating male”).

calque

That is what the modern men of Japan have done, these grass-eaters.

2011 March 17, Paul Mceuen, Spiral, Hachette UK, →ISBN:

The grass-eaters fail to maintain a 'manly' appearance, snared instead by the world of cosmetics and fashion which makes them look soft, 'fragile and girlie' ([…]).

2016 July 1, Genaro Castro-Vazquez, Intimacy and Reproduction in Contemporary Japan (Routledge Research on Gender in Asia Series), Routledge, →ISBN, page 62:

She dubbed them “herbivore men” (shoshoku danshi) in a 2006 article, and the phrase caught on as the nation took note of the gentle grass-eaters. Their lesser-known counterparts are the “carnivore women” (nikushoku joshi) who take the initiative in life and love.

2016 November 14, Kittredge Cherry, Womansword: What Japanese Words Say About Women, Stone Bridge Press, →ISBN, →OCLC:

(derogatory, slang) A celibate man, especially a Japanese man, who eschews dating and sexual relationships.


meatwagon

Unmarked vehicles usually meant federal intervention. And if it didn't belong in federal interdiction, then it might be a Mafia meatwagon, which was a far worse circumstance.

2010, Joseph Armstead, Krymsin Nocturnes, →ISBN, page 228:

Get them off the door and into a meatwagon. They're almost certainly involved.

2012, Pat W Hendersen, Club, →ISBN, page 201:

We were handcuffed to each other, then bundled into a meatwagon for the journey across Madrid to the Carabanchel prison.

2012, Christopher Chance, The Lone Brit on 13: A Prisoner's Hell in Spain's Toughest Jail, →ISBN:

And when he started demanding an explanation, one of them radioed someone, and there was this meatwagon and about twelve more policeman– all in full bulletproof riot gear, truncheons and helmets– came pouring out. But there was already about ten policeman there, so in all there were about twenty-five policemen all manhandling Peter into this meatwagon, and the rest of them just stood there.

2014, Spencer Honniball, Beg, Steal or Borrow: The Official Baby Shambles Story, →ISBN:

A police vehicle for transporting prisoners.


crime rate

(law, criminology) A measure of incidences of crime in a given area, especially in comparison to its population.


enlevement

en-noun

enlevement (countable and uncountable, plural enlevements)

(law, Scotland, historical) The abduction of a woman or child.


at-will

For instance, if you are operating in an at-will state, it does not necessarily mean that you can fire your at-will employees for no reason at all. State and federal laws regulate terminations. For example, Title VII of the 1964 Civil[…]

2007 February 26, Kerry L. Sommerville, Hospitality Employee Management and Supervision: Concepts and Practical Applications, John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN, page 69:

(law) Having or being affected by employment at will laws.


compearant

(Scots law) A person who appears in court.


res gestae

/ˈɹɛs ˈdʒɛstiː/

(law) The overall start-to-end sequence of a felony. Certain statements heard by witnesses during this period (e.g. "this is a robbery!") may be used in evidence despite the usual hearsay rule.


grimgribber

grimgribber (usually uncountable, plural grimgribbers)

From fictional estate Grimgribber in Richard Steele's 1722 play The Conscious Lovers. Used pejoratively as “learned rubbish”.


serve notice

en-verb

serve notice (third-person singular simple present serves notice, present participle serving notice, simple past and past participle served notice)

serves notice (present singular third-person)
serving notice (participle present)
served notice (participle past)
served notice (past)

One who desires to assert his right to the possession of a horse by virtue of his lien must ascertain the real owner and serve notice on him.

1894, Leonard Augustus Jones, A Treatise on the Law of Liens, Common Law, Statutory, Equitable and Maritime, →ISBN:

(law) To officially give a legal notice to.


cronyist

One who supports or encourages cronyism.


NAGPRA

w:Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act

(US, law) Initialism of Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act.


family court

(law) A court convened to decide matters and make orders in relation to family law, such as custody of children.


mailbox rule

(US, law) An exception to the general rule of contract law that acceptance of an offer takes place when communicated. Instead, acceptance takes effect when a letter enters the postal system.


susp

(law enforcement) Abbreviation of suspect.


tahor

There are also observations in the Talmud that, e.g., tanners stink. However, odor doesn't prevent a person from becoming tahor.

2011 May 31, Yisroel Markov, “Leftwing anti-semitism”, in soc.culture.jewish.moderated (Usenet):


MLAT

mutual legal assistance treaty
mutual legal assistance treaty#English

(law) Abbreviation of mutual legal assistance treaty.


guilty as charged

My evidence will prove beyond a shadow of a doubt that the defendant is guilty as charged!

“Mr Goodie, the jury has found you guilty as charged. May I add that I am extremely disappointed in you,”

2017, David Walliams [pseudonym; David Edward Williams], Bad Dad, London: HarperCollins Children’s Books, →ISBN:

(literally, law) Guilty to the same extent as one is charged; guilty to the court's accusations exactly as they were presented.

syyllinen syytteisiin

guilty to the same extent as one is charged


background check

en-noun

background check (plural background checks)

(business, law) A report on a person’s legal and criminal personal history.


decarceration

decarceration (countable and uncountable, plural decarcerations)

/diːˌkɑː.səˈɹeɪʃən/

/diːˌkɑɹ.səˈɹeɪʃən/

Modeled on incarceration, replacing the prefix with de-.

Whereas rates of COVID-19 vary nationwide, our results add to a growing body of literature emphasizing high COVID-19 rates in carceral settings and the importance of testing and decarceration.

2020 August 21, Jiménez, M. C. et al., “Epidemiology of COVID-19 among incarcerated individuals and staff in Massachusetts jails and prisons”, in JAMA, →DOI:

A policy of reducing the amount of imprisoned people in a given population.


decarcerate

en-verb

decarcerate (third-person singular simple present decarcerates, present participle decarcerating, simple past and past participle decarcerated)

decarcerates (present singular third-person)
decarcerating (participle present)
decarcerated (participle past)
decarcerated (past)

Modeled on incarcerate, replacing the prefix with de-.

Refusing to decarcerate and now increasing spending on policing that will drive the shuttling of even more Americans into jails and prisons is especially perverse given the recent attention paid to the worsening conditions of confinement and the mistreatment of the incarcerated.

2022 January 25, Eric Reinhardt, “How Joe Biden Launched a New Prison Boom”, in Slate:

To implement a policy of decarceration; to reduce prison populations.


tax exile

A person who leaves a country to avoid paying tax.


cab-rank rule

(law) The obligation of a barrister (in certain jurisdictions) to accept any work in a field in which they profess themselves competent to practise, at a court at which they normally appear, and at their usual rates.

asianajajalle pakollisia työtehtäviä määräävä periaate


plainclotheswoman

Coordinate term: plainclothesman

A female police officer (especially a detective) who wears civilian clothes when on duty.


continuing resolution

en-noun

continuing resolution (plural continuing resolutions)

From continuing + resolution. From being an act of congress (a congressional resolution) which extends the situation.

(US politics, law) An act of Congress which extends the current governmental budget situation through allocation of further funds in the same manner as the current budget, to avoid a government shutdown due to lack of allocated funding.


pedicide

pedicide (countable and uncountable, plural pedicides)

Pedicide victims are much apt to be killed by close relatives than are adult homicide victims.

1991, L. Adelson, “Pedicide revisited. The slaughter continues.”, in The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology:


defense attorney

defense attorney (plural defense attorneys)

辯護律師

a lawyer who represents defendants in legal proceedings

(US) A lawyer who represents defendants in legal proceedings.

(US) A lawyer who regularly represents defendants who have insurance and is chosen by the insurance company.

(US) A lawyer who regularly represents criminal defendants.


nisi prius

From Latin nisi prius (“unless previously”), from the first two words of the old Latin writ summoning the juries to appear at Westminster unless, before the day appointed, the judges had come to the county.

(law, historical) In the 19th century, those legal actions tried before judges of the King's Bench Division, and in the early 20th century those actions tried at assize by a judge given a commission.


PIPEDA

w:Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act

(Canada, law) Initialism of Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act.


CAATSA

w:Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act

(US, law) Initialism of Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act.


armed police

A member of the People's Armed Police of China.


chargesheet

(India, Pakistan, Bangladesh) A document of accusation prepared by law enforcement to be submitted to the court.