drive

en-verb

drive (third-person singular simple present drives, present participle driving, simple past drove or (archaic) drave or (dialectal) driv, past participle driven or (dialectal) druv or (dialectal) drove)

drives (present singular third-person)
driving (participle present)
drove (past)
drave (archaic past)
driv (dialectal past)
driven (participle past)
druv (dialectal participle past)
drove (dialectal participle past)

→ Scottish Gaelic: draibh

[d̠ɹ̠ ̝ʷaɪv]

From Middle English driven, from Old English drīfan (“to drive, force, move”), from Proto-West Germanic *drīban, from Proto-Germanic *drībaną (“to drive”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰreybʰ- (“to drive, push”).
Cognates
Cognate with Scots drive (“to drive”), North Frisian driwe (“to drive”), Saterland Frisian drieuwe (“to drive”), West Frisian driuwe (“to chase, drive, impel”), Dutch drijven (“to drive”), Low German drieven (“to drive, drift, push”), German treiben (“to drive, push, propel”), Norwegian Bokmål drive, Danish drive (“to drive, run, force”), Norwegian Nynorsk driva, Swedish driva (“to drive, power, drift, push, force”), Icelandic drífa (“to drive, hurry, rush”).

سَاقَ

to move (something) by hitting it with great force

don't drive faster than your guardian angel can fly

You drive nails into wood with a hammer.

To cause to move by the application of physical force:

(transitive) To provide an impetus for motion or other physical change, to move an object by means of the provision of force thereto.

The pistons drive the crankshaft.

(transitive) To cause (a mechanism) to operate.

(intransitive, sports, cricket, tennis, baseball) To hit the ball with a drive.

drajvi

(cricket, tennis, baseball) to hit the ball with a drive

(transitive) To separate the lighter (feathers or down) from the heavier, by exposing them to a current of air.

This constant complaining is going to drive me insane.

You are driving me crazy!

1855, Alfred, Lord Tennyson, Maud, XXV, 1. in Maud, and Other Poems, London: Edward Moxon, p. 90,
And then to hear a dead man chatter
Is enough to drive one mad.

One morning I had been driven to the precarious refuge afforded by the steps of the inn, after rejecting offers from the Celebrity to join him in a variety of amusements. But even here I was not free from interruption, for he was seated on a horse-block below me, playing with a fox terrier.

1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter IV, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:

To compel to undergo a non-physical change:


drive

en-noun

drive (countable and uncountable, plural drives)

[d̠ɹ̠ ̝ʷaɪv]

a whist drive

a beetle drive

(philanthropy) A charity event such as a fundraiser, bake sale, or toy drive.


cause

cause (countable and uncountable, plural causes)

* From Middle English cause (also with the sense of “a thing”), borrowed from Old French cause (“a cause, a thing”), borrowed from Latin causa (“reason, sake, cause”), from Proto-Italic *kaussā, which is of unknown origin. Doublet of chose (“(law) a thing; personal property”). See accuse, excuse, recuse, ruse. Displaced native Old English intinga.
* From Middle English causen, Old French causer and Medieval Latin causāre.

doublet

God befriend us, as our cause is just.

c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i]:

The part they take against me is from zeal to the cause.

1796, Edmund Burke, A Letter from the Right Honourable Edmund Burke to a Noble Lord, on the Attacks Made upon Him and His Pension, […], 10th edition, London: […] J. Owen, […], and F[rancis] and C[harles] Rivington, […], →OCLC:

I'm not fighting for anything anymore, except myself. I'm the only cause I'm interested in.

1942, Julius J. Epstein, Philip G. Epstein, Howard Koch, Casablanca, spoken by Rick (Humphrey Bogart):

There is much to regret about America's failure in Vietnam. The reasons are etched in black marble on the Washington Mall. But we had believed the cause that America had asked us to serve in Vietnam was a worthy one, and millions who defended it had done so honorably.

1999, John McCain, Faith of My Fathers, New York: Random House, →ISBN, page 348:

"I thought you were loyal to the cause, Paul."
“I was,” Grayson answered. “Then I saw the kind of people who share your vision, and I had a change of heart.”

2008, Drew Karpyshyn, “Epilogue”, in Mass Effect: Ascension, Del Rey Books, →ISBN, page 341:

(countable) A goal, aim or principle, especially one which transcends purely selfish ends.


donation

/dəʊˈneɪʃən/

From Middle English donacion, donation, from Middle French donation, from Latin dōnātiō (“a present”), from dōnō (“to give”), from dōnum (“a gift”). Recorded in English since the 15th century.

They were collecting donations for the elderly at Christmas.

And some donation freely to estate
On the bless'd lovers.

1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i]:

A voluntary gift or contribution for a specific cause.

donasie

a voluntary gift or contribution for a specific cause


fundraiser

This year’s fundraiser will be a walkathon.

But the most politically damaging blow came from a late-breaking apostate: Mr. Clooney, who just weeks earlier had spent time with Mr. Biden and helped deliver $28 million to his campaign at a Los Angeles fund-raiser.

2024 July 11, Theodore Schleifer, Jacob Bernstein, Reid J. Epstein, “How Biden Lost George Clooney and Hollywood”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

An event undertaken to get money by voluntary contributions for a particular activity or cause.

She works as fundraiser for the Democratic Party.

The symphony will employ women as musicians, conductors, administrators, musicologists, composers and fund raisers.

1978 December 9, Lynn Tibbets, Amy Hoffman, “N.E.W.S. News”, in Gay Community News, volume 6, number 20, page 8:

A person who collects money from the public for some cause.


altruism

en-noun

altruism (countable and uncountable, plural altruisms)

From French altruisme, which was coined in 1830 by Auguste Comte from autrui (“of or to others”) + -isme, from Old French, from Latin alteri, dative of alter (“other”) (whence also English alter). Apparently inspired by the French Latin legal phrase l’autrui, from le bien, le droit d’autrui (“the good, the right of the other”). Introduced into English by George Henry Lewes in 1853, in his translation Comte’s Philosophy of the Sciences, 1, xxi.

The preposterous altruism too![…]Resist not evil. It is an insane immolation of self—as bad intrinsically as fakirs stabbing themselves or anchorites warping their spines in caves scarcely large enough for a fair-sized dog.

1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XVI, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:

Altruism allows doing for others as one would be done by. Unlike reaction formation, which also gives to the object what the self desires, altruism leaves the self at least partly gratified. Unlike reaction formation, altruism tempers asceticism with pleasure. Unlike passive aggression and martyrdom, altruism allows the object to feel blessed and not afflicted. Altruism attracts people to the user; martyrdom repels them even as it holds them close in chains.

1995, George E. Vaillant, The Wisdom of the Ego, page 68:

Regard for others, both natural and moral without regard for oneself; devotion to the interests of others; brotherly kindness.

Altruism is a behaviour of an individual that benefits another at its own expense.[…]She decided to investigate what motivates ants to undertake these dangerous missions, where they risk getting trapped themselves or, worse, eaten by predatory antlion larvae, which dig pits and lurk, semi-concealed, at the bottom with their jaws wide open. Such apparently selfless rescue behaviour is seen by many as one of the purest forms of altruism.[…]Being nice to relatives is not pure altruism because they share your genes so, by helping them, you promote your own genetic heritage.

2013 December 24, Laura Spinney, Goodwill hunting: Random ants of kindness, New Scientist:

(biology, sociobiology) Action or behaviour that benefits another or others at some cost to the performer.


grant

From Middle English granten, graunten, grantien, grauntien, from Anglo-Norman granter, graunter, from Old French granter, graunter, graanter, greanter (“to promise, assure, guarantee, confirm, ratify”), from a merger of Old French garantir, guarantir (“to guarantee, assure, vouch for”) (see English guarantee) and earlier cranter, craanter, creanter (“to allow, permit”), from an assumed Medieval Latin *credentāre, from Latin credere (“to believe, trust”). More at guarantee, credit.

the grant of permission for a project

предоставяне

the act of granting; a bestowing or conferring; concession; allowance; permission


munificent

en-adj

munificent (comparative more munificent, superlative most munificent)

more munificent (comparative)
most munificent (superlative)

Back-formation from munificence, from Latin mūnificentia.

On the hill, where kites used to be flown, stood the fine college which Mr Laurence's munificent legacy had built.

1886, Louisa M[ay] Alcott, chapter 1, in Jo's Boys […] , Boston: Roberts Brothers:

It was all very well for this casual youth to make her a present of a half million acres of land in this debonair way, but she could not persuade herself to accept so munificent a gift.

1914, William MacLeod Raine, chapter 25, in A Daughter of the Donss:

The machinists finally agreed to a munificent increase averaging 5.7% a year for three years.

1969 April 11, “Business: Up, Up and Away with Wages”, in Time, retrieved 2013-09-05:

(of a gift, donation, etc.) Very generous; lavish.

щедър

(of a gift, donation, etc.) very generous; lavish


grant-in-aid

Providing funds to an institution (such as a school) or person to subsidize a specific project or activity, such as a scholarship.


scholarship

en-noun

scholarship (countable and uncountable, plural scholarships)

/ˈskɑːləɹʃɪp/

There were proposals to revive choir scholarships, because a shortage of regular choristers meant that weddings often went choirless.

2013, Stuart Wolfendale, Imperial to International, page 192:


scholarship

en-verb

scholarship (third-person singular simple present scholarships, present participle scholarshiping or scholarshipping, simple past and past participle scholarshiped or scholarshipped)

scholarships (present singular third-person)
scholarshiping (participle present)
scholarshipping (participle present)
scholarshiped (participle past)
scholarshiped (past)
scholarshipped (participle past)
scholarshipped (past)

/ˈskɑːləɹʃɪp/

In the first year, twenty children were scholarshiped to attend the Kids Across America Kamp in Branson, Missouri.

2006, Lloyd Reeb, Unlimited Partnership, →ISBN, page 138:

Judith Lewis is a doctoral student at State University, and she also works full-time as an academic tutor for 10 scholarshiped student athletes.

2012, Bernard W. Taylor, Introduction to Management Science:, page 632:


charity

en-noun

charity (countable and uncountable, plural charities)

From Middle English charite, from Old French charité, cherte, chariteit, cariteit, from Latin cāritās.

Charity suffereth long, and is kind; charity envieth not; charity vaunteth not itself, is not puffed up, Doth not behave itself unseemly, seeketh not her own, is not easily provoked, thinketh no evil.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 1 Corinthians 13:4-5:

(archaic, Christianity) Christian love; representing God's love of man, man's love of God, or man's love of his fellow-men.


philanthropy

philanthropy (countable and uncountable, plural philanthropies)

John D. Rockefeller
Rockefeller Foundation

Borrowed from Late Latin philanthrōpia, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek φιλανθρωπία (philanthrōpía). By surface analysis, phil- + -anthropy.

der

As public funding is reduced, we depend increasingly on private philanthropy.

I have tried, as I hinted, to enlist the co-operation of other capitalists, but experience has taught me that any appeal is futile that does not impinge directly upon cupidity. If there is the least hint of philanthropy in the project, every man of money fights shy of it.

1913, Robert Barr, chapter 4, in Lord Stranleigh Abroad, London, Toronto: Ward, Lock & Co., →OCLC, →OL:

Turning large fortunes into public assets for the good of mankind was a huge project. But what gave philanthropy even more of a central place in modern American life was the simultaneous creation of a people's philanthropy—or mass philanthropy—that engaged the large American middle and working classes in their own welfare. Philanthropy would not be a democratic value if it remained the domain of the wealthy. Only when the rest of the population aligned its old welfare institutions and charitable habits to the systematic search for the common good would philanthropy become a national commitment.

2014, Olivier Zunz, “The Coming of Mass Philanthropy”, in Philanthropy in America: A History (Politics and Society in Twentieth-century America), Princeton, N.J., Woodstock, Oxfordshire: Princeton University Press, →ISBN, page 44:

(uncountable) Charitable giving, charity.


bake sale

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-bake sale.wav

We try to do our part, and whenever there is a bake sale, we try to participate.

2007, Louise Fritz, Living with Big Dogs, page 99:

Funds were also raised through LNER staff volunteering their time to participate in a range of activities, including sporting events, bake sales and raffles.

2019 November 6, “Network News”, in Rail, page 23:

A fundraising activity where baked goods are sold, with profits going to charity or some other good cause.


soup kitchen

A place that is established to provide soup and other basic food as a charity or in time of disaster.

безплатна кухня

place set up to provide basic food as a charity or in time of disaster


blood drive

The local blood drive will replenish the area's blood supply.

An activity, usually charitable, in which persons are requested to donate blood, either to maintain a general supply or in response to a specific shortage or emergency.

獻血活動 /献血活动

activity in which persons are requested to donate blood


charitable organization

en-noun

charitable organization (plural charitable organizations)

An organization with charitable purposes only.


silent auction

An auction held over a long period of time where people write public bids on a piece of paper, and whoever has the highest bid wins the item.


food stamp

The authorities claim they turned from unemployment checks to food stamps to avoid alcoholics wasting their families' allowances in pubs.

A stamp or similar paper document (e.g. coupon) issued to be exchanged in shops or storage facilities for food, or (by extension) for other essential provisions, notably in a rationing system or as a non-financial form of welfare benefit.

食品券

stamp or similar issued to be exchanged for food, or other essential provisions


toy drive

2011, April R. Jervis, 365 ways to raise funds for your nonprofit, link
The most famous toy drive is the Marine Corp's Toys for Tots (www.toysfortots.org).

A charity event that collects toys to be distributed to children in need.


food drive

A charity event dedicated to collecting food for the needy, especially to assist their ability to hold a feast on a holiday such as Christmas or Thanksgiving.