erlizumab

[Term?] + -li- (“immunomodulating”) + -zumab (“humanized monoclonal antibody”)

(pharmacology) A recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody developed to treat heart attack, stroke, and traumatic shock.


dacetuzumab

From [Term?] + -tu- (“tumor”) + -zumab (“humanized monoclonal antibody”).

af

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody under development for the treatment of certain cancers.


foravirumab

From -vir- (“viral”) + -umab (“human monoclonal antibody”).

(pharmacology) A human monoclonal antibody for the prophylaxis of rabies.


ecromeximab

(pharmacology) A chimeric monoclonal antibody being developed for the treatment of malignant melanoma.


daclizumab

From [Term?] + -li- (“immunomodulating”) + -zumab (“humanized monoclonal antibody”).

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody used to prevent rejection in organ transplantation, especially in kidney transplants.


efungumab

From -fung- (“fungal”) + -umab (“human monoclonal antibody”).

(pharmacology) A human monoclonal antibody intended to treat invasive Candida infection in combination with amphotericin B.


felvizumab

From [Term?] + -vi- (“viral”) + -zumab (“humanized monoclonal antibody”).

Human respiratory syncytial virus#Translingual

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the Human respiratory syncytial virus.


eculizumab

(pharmacology) A monoclonal antibody directed against the complement protein C5.


exbivirumab

(pharmacology) A human monoclonal antibody developed for the treatment of hepatitis B.


etaracizumab

From [Term?] + [Term?] + -ci- (“cardiovascular”) + -zumab (“humanized monoclonal antibody”).

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody being investigated for the treatment of metastatic melanoma and various cancers.


gantenerumab

From -ner- (“neural”) + -umab (“human monoclonal antibody”).

(pharmacology) A monoclonal antibody used as an immunomodulator in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.


fontolizumab

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody used as an immunomodulator.


epratuzumab

From epra- (of unknown origin) + -tu- (“tumor”) + -zumab (“humanized monoclonal antibody”).

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody with potential applications in oncology and in the treatment of inflammatory autoimmune disorders such as lupus.


galiximab

(pharmacology) A chimeric monoclonal antibody designed for the treatment of B-cell lymphoma.


ibalizumab

(pharmacology) A nonimmunosuppressive monoclonal antibody being investigated as an HIV entry inhibitor.


iratumumab

From -tum- (“tumor”) + -umab (“human monoclonal antibody”).

(pharmacology) A human monoclonal antibody used in the treatment of oncological diseases.


ipilimumab

(pharmacology) A human monoclonal antibody being developed as a drug to activate the immune system.


figitumumab

(pharmacology) A monoclonal antibody under investigation for the treatment of various cancers.


elephant juice

From its use as a tranquilizer for large animals.

Etorphine, a morphine analog, is a powerful stimulant known as "elephant juice" because it is used to tranquilize large circus animals. Given in small dosage, it acts as a stimulant. "It ranges up to 10,000 times more powerful than morphine," the New York Daily News quoted one expert as saying. "If there is one drug that does not belong in the body of the thoroughbred it is etorphine. Even a slight overdose could kill a horse."

1985 November 28, Bill Marx, “‘Elephant juice’ drug found in Breeders' Cup turf horse”, in Orlando Sentinel, archived from the original on 2016-01-05:

You mean that elephant juice they use to dope horses?

1988, David Foster, The Pale Blue Crochet Coathanger Cover:

ETORPHINE (elephant juice) A tranquiliser for large animals such as elephants, it can be a most powerful stimulant if applied correctly to horses. Caused a sensation in WA racing, especially in the 1980s.

2004 December 28, Andrew Eddy, “The drugs challenge”, in The Age, archived from the original on 2014-08-23:

(slang) Etorphine.
Used as a stimulant for horses.

To take a ride, one sucked Elephant juice through the reed until the water level disappeared beneath the husk. As applause and cheers rang to the ceiling, the host added water to the Elephant for the next partygoer […]

1967, Louis E. Lomax, Thailand: The War that Is, the War that Will Be, Random House, page 142:

Etorphine […] Informal Names: Elephant Juice […] When humans in an experiment received etorphine they experienced euphoria and described the drug as feeling like morphine. Researchers who administered etorphine in that experiment concluded that the drug is likely to be abused. Misuse has been noted in China.

2002, Richard Lawrence Miller, The Encyclopedia of Addictive Drugs, Westport, Conn., London: Greenwood Press, →ISBN, pages 157–158:

(slang) Etorphine.
Taken as a drug by humans.


elephant juice

When spoken with no sound, the phrase generates a similar pattern of lip movements to saying "I love you". It was popularised by the 1999 film Elephant Juice.

(rare, slang) Used as a substitute for I love you.


winetasting

en-noun

winetasting (countable and uncountable, plural winetastings)

(countable) An event for the purpose of tasting and evaluating wine.


Red Eye

Bartender! Do you know how to make a Red Eye? — Doug Coughlin (Bryan Brown) in the 1988 movie Cocktail

(alcoholic beverages) A cocktail made from ale, tomato juice, and egg, a variation of a Bloody Mary.


tamsulosin

tamsulosin (usually uncountable, plural tamsulosins)

From tam- (of unknown origin) + sul(fonamide) + -osin (“α₁-adrenoceptor antagonist”).

af

alpha-adrenergic blocking agent
alpha-blocker

benign prostatic hyperplasia
benign prostatic hyperplasia

(pharmacology) An alpha-adrenergic blocking agent administered orally in the form of its hydrochloride C₂₀H₂₈N₂O₅S·HCl to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia.


prazosin

Probably from (pi)p(e)raz(ine) + -o- + -in.

(pharmacology) An alpha-blocker used chiefly as a smooth muscle relaxant, especially in the treatment of hypertension and benign prostatic hyperplasia.


gluhwein

en-noun

gluhwein (usually uncountable, plural gluhweins)

we sat inside warmed by the stove and drank hot red wine with spices and lemon in it. They called it glühwein and it was a good thing to warm you and to celebrate with.

1929, Ernest Hemingway, A Farewell to Arms, Folio Society, published 2008, page 284:

A type of mulled wine from German-speaking countries made from red wine with cinnamon and other herbs and spices.


muscle relaxant

muscle relaxant (plural muscle relaxants)

Any drug which affects skeletal muscle function and decreases the muscle tone.


norgestrel

/nɔːˈd͡ʒɛ.stɹl̩/

/nɔɹˈd͡ʒɛ.stɹəl/

From nor- + -gestr- (“estrogen”) + e(thy)l.

(pharmacology) A synthetic progestogen C₂₁H₂₈O₂ having two optically active forms of which the biologically active levorotatory form is used in birth control pills.


intetumumab

(pharmacology) A particular human monoclonal antibody.


ocrelizumab

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody with possible applications as an immunosuppressive drug.


ofatumumab

(pharmacology) A human monoclonal antibody targeting CD20, used to treat multiple sclerosis and certain types of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.


repaglinide

/ɹəˈpæɡ.lɪˌnaɪd/

From repa- (of unknown origin) + glinide.

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A meglitinide drug C₂₇H₃₆N₂O₄ (trademark Prandin) that stimulates insulin release and is taken orally to treat type 2 diabetes.


pagibaximab

(pharmacology) A chimeric monoclonal antibody under investigation for the prevention of staphylococcal sepsis in infants with low birth weight.


panobacumab

From -bac- (“bacterial”) + -umab (“human monoclonal antibody”).

af

Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pseudomonas aeruginosa#Translingual

(pharmacology) A monoclonal antibody designed as an antibacterial against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.


palivizumab

respiratory syncytial virus
respiratory syncytial virus

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody used in the prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infections.


meglitinide

en-noun

meglitinide (countable and uncountable, plural meglitinides)

From me(thoxy) + gli- (“antihyperglycemic”).

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) Any of a class of drugs used to treat type 2 diabetes.

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A chemical compound which is the prototype of this drug class (see drawing).


nateglinide

From nate- (of unknown origin) + glinide.

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A meglitinide drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes that lowers blood glucose by stimulating the release of insulin from the pancreas.


pascolizumab

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody designed to treat asthma.


priliximab

(pharmacology) A chimeric monoclonal antibody designed to treat Crohn's disease and multiple sclerosis.


pertuzumab

From [Term?] + -tu- (“tumor”) + -zumab (“humanized monoclonal antibody”).

(pharmacology) A monoclonal antibody being developed as a drug to slow tumour growth.


pexelizumab

From [Term?] + -li- (“immunomodulating”) + -zumab (“humanized monoclonal antibody”).

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody designed to reduce side effects of cardiac surgery.


nimotuzumab

(pharmacology) A monoclonal antibody used to treat squamous cell carcinoma, head and neck cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, and glioma.


nebacumab

(pharmacology) A human monoclonal antibody developed for the treatment of sepsis but later withdrawn.


necitumumab

(pharmacology) A monoclonal antibody and antineoplastic that binds to EGFR, under investigation for the treatment of cancer.


pritumumab

(pharmacology) A human monoclonal antibody used in treating brain cancer.


antihyperalgesic

(pharmacology) Serving to counter hyperalgesia


banana boat

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-banana boat.wav

A cocktail made from a melon liqueur, a banana liqueur, curacao, and pineapple juice.


opium poppy

Papaver somniferum
Papaver somniferum#Translingual

Papaver somniferum, the species of plant from which opium and poppy seeds are extracted.


bual

A variety of madeira (wine) that is less sweet than malmsey


ecgonine

ecgonine (countable and uncountable, plural ecgonines)

(organic chemistry) An organic chemical and tropane alkaloid found naturally in coca leaves.


zalcitabine

zalcitabine (countable and uncountable, plural zalcitabines)

From [Term?] + -citabine (“cytarabine or azacytidine derivative”).

af

Patients received 600 mg/day of ritonavir (Abbott Laboratories) for 14 days, after which were added 600 mg/day of zidovudine (Retrovir, Glaxo-Wellcome) and 6 mg/day of zalcitabine (Hivid, Roche) with treatment maintenance for 12 months.

1997 July 4, B. Autran et al., “Positive Effects of Combined Antiretroviral Therapy on CD4 T Cell Homeostasis and Function in Advanced HIV Disease”, in Science, volume 277, number 5322, →DOI, pages 112–116:

reverse transcriptase
reverse transcriptase

(pharmacology) A drug C₉H₁₃N₃O₃ which inhibits the replication of HIV and is formerly used in the treatment of AIDS, especially in combination with zidovudine. It is a synthetic analog of a pyrimidine nucleoside, acting as a reverse transcriptase inhibitor.


anxiogenic

en-adj

anxiogenic (comparative more anxiogenic, superlative most anxiogenic)

more anxiogenic (comparative)
most anxiogenic (superlative)

A CRF antagonist, -helical CRF(9-41), can also attenuate the anxiogenic behavioral effects of HU-210.

1997 June 27, “Activation of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor in the Limbic System During Cannabinoid Withdrawal”, in Science, volume 276, number 5321, pages 2050–2054:

Increases in dopamine efflux in the NAS cannot simply be seen as equivalent to drug reward, because aversive stimuli, such as foot shock, and anxiogenic drugs, such as FG 7142 and beta-CCE (which are not self-administered), have exactly the same neurochemical effect (3 ).

1997 August 8, Lester Grinspoon et al., “Marijuana Addiction”, in Science, volume 277, number 5327, pages 749–753:

Central injection of substance P or related peptide agonists induces conditioned place aversion and produces an anxiogenic profile on the elevated plus maze, implying that activation of central substance P pathways is aversive (5 ).

1998 September 11, Mark S. Kramer et al., “Distinct Mechanism for Antidepressant Activity by Blockade of Central Substance P Receptors”, in Science, volume 281, number 5383, pages 1640–1645:

Thus, self-directed behavior increases after anxiogenic drug treatment but decreases after anxiolytic drug treatment (29 ).

2000 July 28, Frans B. M. de Waal, “Primates--A Natural Heritage of Conflict Resolution”, in Science, volume 289, issue 5479, 586-590

This piece will perform a micro-excavation of these toplayers of the literary soil to suggest anxiogenic literature has the potential not only to adumbrate the post-apocalypse, a common theme in contemporary literature, but also to anticipate the post-Anthropocene.

2020, Kristen Figgins, “The Integrity of Nature”, in Jonathan Elmore, editor, Fiction and the Sixth Mass Extinction, Rowman & Littlefield, →ISBN:

(pharmacology) Causing anxiety, or pertaining to the causing of anxiety.


auslese

en-noun

auslese (countable and uncountable, plural ausleses or auslesen)

A sweet wine, especially from Germany, made from late harvest grapes; specifically, a wine from the German official Auslese category.


es-

S configuration
w:absolute configuration

(pharmacology) Used to form names of drugs with a chiral center in the S configuration.


An R with a cross-stroke indicating an abbreviation (of recipe, response, retrograde etc). In the case of a prescription, abbreviating Latin recipe (“take this”, second-person singular imperative of recipiō); it is sometimes typeset as, or even interpreted as, a digraph Rx. Compare also Dx (“diagnose, diagnosis”) and Hx (“history”).

der

second-person singular imperative of <i class="Latn mention" lang="la">recipiō</i>

(medicine, pharmacy, Canada, US, Philippines) Prescription.

BOlvs in Engliſh is called a morſell. It is a medicine laxatiue, in forme & faſhion it is meanely whole, & it is ſwallowed by litle gobbets. […] ℞. medulla caſiæ fiſtulæ newly drawen. ℥. j. or ʒ. x. the graines (that is the kernelles) of barbaries. ℈. ß. and with ſugar roſet [sugar compounded with rose petals] make a bole.

1583, Philip Barrough [i.e., Philip Barrow], “Of Making Bolus”, in The Methode of Phisicke, Conteyning the Causes, Signes, and Cures of Inward Diseases in Mans Body from the Head to the Foote. […], London: […] Thomas Vautroullier […], →OCLC, book VI, page 288:

(medicine, pharmacy) Take (used to begin a list of ingredients of a compound).


sulfadimethoxine

(pharmacology) A sulfonamide antibacterial derivative of sulfadiazine


liberty cap

Psilocybe semilanceata
Psilocybe semilanceata#Translingual

A magic mushroom, a mushroom of the genus Psilocybe, especially Psilocybe semilanceata.


mousseux

en-adj

mousseux (comparative more mousseux, superlative most mousseux)

more mousseux (comparative)
most mousseux (superlative)


mousseux

We sat down at a corner table and ordered a bottle of iced mousseux.

1970, John Glassco, Memoirs of Montparnasse, New York, published 2007, page 70:


medroxyprogesterone

/mɛˌdɹɒk.sɪ.pɹəˈd͡ʒɛ.stə.ɹəʊn/

(pharmacology) A synthetic progesterone C₂₂H₃₂O₃ that is administered by injection as a long-acting contraceptive or is taken orally especially to treat amenorrhea and abnormal uterine bleeding and in conjunction with estrogen to relieve the symptoms of menopause and prevent osteoporosis.


cherry brandy

en-noun

cherry brandy (countable and uncountable, plural cherry brandies)

A liqueur made from cherries macerated in brandy or neutral spirit, and flavoured with spices.


virginiamycin

From translingual virginiae + -mycin (“antibiotic”).

af

(pharmacology) An antibiotic, used in agriculture and in the fuel ethanol industry to prevent microbial contamination.


chacha

en-noun

chacha (countable and uncountable, plural chachas)

A traditional Georgian clear strong liquor distilled from pomace.


clofibrate

clofibrate (countable and uncountable, plural clofibrates)

From chlo(ro)- + fibro- + -ate (“ester”).

(pharmacology) A compound C₁₂H₁₅ClO₃ used especially to lower abnormally high concentrations of fats and cholesterol in the blood.


antithrombotic

en-adj

antithrombotic (comparative more antithrombotic, superlative most antithrombotic)

more antithrombotic (comparative)
most antithrombotic (superlative)

(pharmacology) That inhibits the formation of thrombi


antithrombotic

(pharmacology) Any drug having this property


crémant

en-noun

crémant (countable and uncountable, plural crémants)

From French crémant, originally the present participle of crémer.

Though it’s no longer open, a London restaurant, Bubbledogs, specialized in American hot dogs with Champagne from small producers. Other sparkling wines like cava, crémant and sparkling riesling would be delicious, too.

2022 July 21, Eric Kim, “Welcome to Chicago, Hot Dog Town, U.S.A.”, in The New York Times:


pioglitazone

From py(ridyl) + -o- + -glitazone (“thiazolidinedione derivative”).

af

(pharmacology) A thiazolidinedione derivative taken orally in the form of its hydrochloride C₁₉H₂₀N₂O₃S·HCl to treat type 2 diabetes by decreasing insulin resistance.


antiglaucoma

(pharmacology) That prevents, or alleviates glaucoma


daptomycin

From [Term?] + -mycin (“antibiotic derived from Streptomyces”).

(pharmacology) A particular lipopeptide antibiotic.


antileukemic

en-adj

antileukemic (comparative more antileukemic, superlative most antileukemic)

more antileukemic (comparative)
most antileukemic (superlative)

(oncology, pharmacology) Preventing or countering leukemia.


oxacillin

en-noun

oxacillin (countable and uncountable, plural oxacillins)

From (is)oxa(zole) + -cillin (“6-aminopenicillanic acid derivative”).

af

(pharmacology) A narrow-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic made by chemical modification of penicillin and administered in the form of its hydrated sodium salt C₁₉H₁₈N₃NaO₅S·H₂O to treat infections caused by penicillin-resistant staphylococci.


balsalazide

From [Term?] + -salazide (“phenylazosalicylic acid derivative”).

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) An anti-inflammatory drug used in the treatment of bowel disease.


antiamoebic

(pharmacology) Serving to counter or eliminate amoebae.


noscapine

en-noun

noscapine (countable and uncountable, plural noscapines)

(biochemistry, pharmacology) A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid obtained from plants of the Papaveraceae family, primarily used for its antitussive effects.


tubocurarine

tubocurarine (countable and uncountable, plural tubocurarines)

From Latin tubus (“tube”) + curare + -ine.

tubocurarine chloride
tubocurarine chloride#English

(pharmacology) Synonym of tubocurarine chloride.


aminosalicylic acid

aminosalicylic acid (countable and uncountable, plural aminosalicylic acids)

(pharmacology, uncountable) The white crystalline para-substituted isomer of aminosalicylic acid that is made synthetically and is used in the treatment of tuberculosis.

aminosalicylate

coordinate as a base versus an acid, but synonymous in the practical sense that the conjugate base and conjugate acid coexist in solution


orbofiban

From [Term?] + -fiban (“fibrinogen receptor antagonist”).

af

(pharmacology) An orally active platelet receptor antagonist.


sibrafiban

(pharmacology) A so-called superaspirin used to prevent blood clots.


silandrone

(pharmacology) A particular anabolic steroid.


sibrotuzumab

[Term?] + -tu- (“tumor”) + -zumab (“humanized monoclonal antibody”)

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody intended for the treatment of cancer.


acrisorcin

(pharmacology) A topical antiinfective, typically used as a fungicide, whose active ingredients are 9-aminoacridine and 4-hexylresorcinol.


albaconazole

From [Term?] + -conazole (“miconazole derivative”).

(pharmacology) A particular triazole antifungal.


abunidazole

From [Term?] + (tert-)bu(tyl) + -nidazole (“metronidazole derivative”).

(pharmacology) An antifungal drug, 4-tert-butyl-2-[hydroxy-(1-methyl-5-nitroimidazol-2-yl)methyl]phenol.


oxiconazole

From oxy- + -conazole (“miconazole derivative”).

(pharmacology) A particular antifungal medication.


aminoacridine

en-noun

aminoacridine (countable and uncountable, plural aminoacridines)

(pharmacology) A particular antiseptic and disinfectant.


neticonazole

(pharmacology) An imidazole antifungal for the treatment of fungal skin infections.


micafungin

From myc- + -a- + -fungin (“antifungal antibiotic”).

af

(pharmacology) An echinocandin antifungal drug that is administered intravenously.


croconazole

(pharmacology) A particular imidazole antifungal drug.


pramiconazole

(pharmacology) A triazole antifungal drug under investigation for the treatment of acute skin and mucosal fungal infections.


omoconazole

(pharmacology) A particular azole antifungal drug.


ravuconazole

(pharmacology) A particular triazole antifungal drug.


terconazole

From ter- (“three”) + -conazole (“miconazole derivative”).

(pharmacology) An antifungal drug used primarily to treat vaginal infections.


hamycin

(pharmacology) A polyene antimycotic organic compound with antifungal properties.


sulconazole

From sul(fanyl) + -conazole (“miconazole derivative”).


cilofungin

From [Term?] + -fungin (“antifungal antibiotic”).

(pharmacology) A particular antifungal drug of the echinocandin class.


antitrichomonal

(pharmacology) Countering or preventing trichomoniasis.


fosfluconazole

From fos- (“phosphorous derivative”) + fluconazole.

(pharmacology) A water-soluble phosphate prodrug of fluconazole.


trimetrexate

dihydrofolate reductase
dihydrofolate reductase

(pharmacology) A quinazoline derivative that is a dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor, used with leucovorin in treating pneumocystosis.


butoconazole

From but- + -o- + -conazole (“miconazole derivative”).

(pharmacology) An imidazole antifungal drug used in gynecology.


pentamidine

en-noun

pentamidine (countable and uncountable, plural pentamidines)

(pharmacology) A synthetic antibiotic drug used chiefly in the form of its salt C₂₃H₃₆N₄O₁₀S₂ especially to treat protozoal infections (such as leishmaniasis) and to prevent pneumocystis pneumonia.


anidulafungin

(pharmacology) An antifungal drug of the echinocandin class.


caspofungin

caspofungin (countable and uncountable, plural caspofungins)

(pharmacology) An antifungal drug of the echinocandin class, administered intravenously.


terbinafine

Probably from ter(t-)b(utyl) + -yne + naph(thalene) + -ine.

af

Terbinafine is a newly developed oral and topical antifungal agent in the allylamine class of antifungal compounds (Petranyi et al, 1984). Discovered in 1983, it is closely related to naftifine. Terbinafine became available in Europe in 1991, and in 1996 in the United States.

2003, Peter G. Pappas, “Terbinafine”, in William E. Dismukes, Peter G. Pappas, Jack D. Sobel, editors, Clinical Mycology, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 104:

(pharmacology) A synthetic allylamine antifungal drug that is highly lipophilic, used in the form of its hydrochloride C₂₁H₂₅N·HCl orally in the treatment of onychomycosis and topically in the treatment of tinea corporis, tinea cruris, and athlete's foot.


chlorfenvinphos

(pharmacology) Alternative form of clofenvinfos.


spiramycin

en-noun

spiramycin (countable and uncountable, plural spiramycins)

(pharmacology) A macrolide antibiotic used to treat toxoplasmosis.


hachimycin

(pharmacology) A particular polyene antibiotic.


viomycin

viomycin (countable and uncountable, plural viomycins)

(pharmacology) An antibiotic, of complex structure, derived from the actinomycete Streptomyces puniceus.


BLM

(pharmacology) Abbreviation of bleomycin.


MDA

MDA (countable and uncountable, plural MDAs)

(uncountable, pharmacology) Initialism of methylenedioxyamphetamine, especially 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine.


anophthalmia

anophthalmia (usually uncountable, plural anophthalmias)

(teratology) The congenital absence of one or both eyes

anoftalmia

the congenital absence of one or both eyes


siltuximab

(pharmacology) A monoclonal antibody and antineoplastic.


lintuzumab

From [Term?] + -tu- (“tumor”) + -zumab (“humanized monoclonal antibody”).

af

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody used to treat cancer.


tuvirumab

From -vir- (“viral”) + -umab (“human monoclonal antibody”).

(pharmacology) A monoclonal antibody being investigated for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B.


robatumumab

From -tum- (“tumor”) + -umab (“human monoclonal antibody”).


ramucirumab

From -cir- (“cardiovascular”) + -umab (“human monoclonal antibody”).

(pharmacology) A monoclonal antibody used in the treatment of solid tumours.


stamulumab

From -mul- + -umab (“human monoclonal antibody”).

(pharmacology) An experimental myostatin-inhibiting drug intended to treat Duchenne muscular dystrophy.


motavizumab

From [Term?] + -vi- (“viral”) + -zumab (“humanized monoclonal antibody”).

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody being investigated for the prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infection in high-risk infants.


sevirumab

(pharmacology) A human monoclonal antibody used to treat cytomegalovirus infections in AIDS patients.


rontalizumab

From [Term?] + -li- (“immunomodulating”) + -zumab (“humanized monoclonal antibody”).

systemic lupus erythematosus
systemic lupus erythematosus

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody being investigated for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus.


ruplizumab

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody intended for the treatment of rheumatic diseases.


lucatumumab

(pharmacology) A human monoclonal antibody being investigated for the treatment of various cancers.


lumiliximab

(pharmacology) A chimeric monoclonal antibody being investigated for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.


lexatumumab

(pharmacology) An agonistic human monoclonal antibody used to treat cancer.


raxibacumab

From -bac- (“bacterial”) + -umab (“human monoclonal antibody”).

(pharmacology) A human monoclonal antibody intended for the prophylaxis and treatment of inhaled anthrax.


tadocizumab

From [Term?] + -ci- (“cardiovascular”) + -zumab (“humanized monoclonal antibody”).

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody that acts on the cardiovascular system, designed for the treatment of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions.


reslizumab

gastrointestinal tract
gastrointestinal tract

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody under investigation for the treatment of eosinophil-meditated inflammations of the airways, skin and gastrointestinal tract.


mapatumumab

(pharmacology) A human monoclonal antibody used in the treatment of cancer.


teneliximab

(pharmacology) A chimeric monoclonal antibody that binds to the immune-stimulatory protein CD40.


tremelimumab

From -lim- (“immunomodulating”) + -umab (“human monoclonal antibody”).

(pharmacology) A human monoclonal antibody that binds to the protein CTLA-4, used to treat hepatocellular carcinoma.


tefibazumab

From [Term?] + -ba- (“bacterial”) + -zumab (“humanized monoclonal antibody”).

Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus aureus#Translingual

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody for the treatment of severe infections with Staphylococcus aureus bacteria.


rovelizumab

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody that was an experimental immunosuppressive drug intended to treat patients suffering from haemorrhagic shock by suppressing white blood cells.


libivirumab

(pharmacology) A human monoclonal antibody directed against the Hepatitis B virus.


rafivirumab

(pharmacology) A monoclonal antibody for the prophylaxis of rabies.


milatuzumab

(pharmacology) A monoclonal antibody intended to treat multiple myeloma and other hematological malignancies.


siplizumab

graft-versus-host disease
graft-versus-host disease

(pharmacology) A monoclonal antibody under investigation as a treatment for psoriasis and in the prevention of graft-versus-host disease.


morolimumab

(pharmacology) A human monoclonal antibody against the human Rhesus factor.


tigatuzumab

(pharmacology) A monoclonal antibody for the treatment of cancer.


lerdelimumab

(pharmacology) A human monoclonal antibody and immunosuppressive drug developed to reduce scarring after glaucoma drainage surgery.


teplizumab

(pharmacology) A monoclonal antibody used as an immunosuppressive drug.


toralizumab

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody and immunosuppressive drug, withdrawn because of the risk of thromboembolisms.


labetuzumab

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody for the treatment of colorectal cancer.


lebrikizumab

From [Term?] + -ki- (“interleukin”) + -zumab (“humanized monoclonal antibody”).

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody and immunosuppressive drug being investigated for the treatment of asthma.


tanezumab

From [Term?] + -ne- (“neural”) + -zumab (“humanized monoclonal antibody”).

(pharmacology) A monoclonal antibody against nerve growth factor, used as a treatment for pain.


mepolizumab

From [Term?] + [Term?] + -li- (“immunomodulating”) + -zumab (“humanized monoclonal antibody”).

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody that recognizes interleukin-5 and is used to treat certain kinds of asthma and white blood cell diseases.


regavirumab

(pharmacology) A human monoclonal antibody against cytomegalovirus infections.


solanezumab

(pharmacology) A monoclonal antibody being investigated as a neuroprotector for patients with Alzheimer's disease.


rituximab

en-noun

rituximab (usually uncountable, plural rituximabs)

From [Term?] + -tu- (“tumor”) + -ximab (“chimeric monoclonal antibody”).

af

(pharmacology) A chimeric monoclonal antibody (trademark Rituxan) administered by intravenous injection especially to treat non-Hodgkin lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia by binding to the protein CD20 found on the surface of B cells and causing their lysis.


talizumab

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody designed to target immunoglobulin E.


metelimumab

(pharmacology) A human monoclonal antibody intended for the treatment of scleroderma but later dropped in favour of alternatives.


fostriecin

From fos- (“phosphorous derivative”) + trie(ne).

(pharmacology) An antibiotic, obtained from Streptomyces bacteria, that has antitumor activity.


cork taint

A wine fault characterized by a set of undesirable smells or tastes, sometimes caused by tribromoanisole.


zilpaterol

From [Term?] + -terol (“phenethylamine derivative”).

(pharmacology) A particular beta-adrenergic agonist.


ractopamine

From [Term?] + -opamine (“dopaminergic agent, dopamine derivative”).

(pharmacology) A drug used as a feed additive to promote leanness in pigs raised for their meat.


loxapine

From (ch)lo(ro)- + oxa- + -apine (“psychoactive tricyclic compound”).

(pharmacology) A typical antipsychotic medication derived from dibenzazepine and mainly used to treat schizophrenia.


fenoldopam

(pharmacology) A synthetic benzazepine drug used as an antihypertensive.


marbofloxacin

From [Term?] + -floxacin (“nalidixic acid derivative”).

(pharmacology) A potent fluoroquinolone antibiotic used in veterinary medicine.


flurazepam

From flu(o)r- + -azepam (“diazepam derivative”).

(pharmacology) A benzodiazepine (trademark Dalmane) that is closely related structurally to diazepam and is used as a hypnotic in the form of its dihydrochloride C₂₁H₂₃ClFN₃O·2HCl to treat insomnia and to induce periods of restful sleep.


clamoxyquine

(pharmacology) An antiamebic and antidiarrheal drug.


pirlimycin

(pharmacology) A lincosamide antimicrobial used to treat mastitis in cattle.


ketoprofen

From keto- + -profen (“ibuprofen derivative”).

nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug

rheumatoid arthritis
rheumatoid arthritis

(pharmacology) A nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug C₁₆H₁₄O₃, derived from propionic acid, that has analgesic and antipyretic effects and acts by inhibiting the body's production of prostaglandin. It is used to treat dysmenorrhea and the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.


sulfafurazole

(pharmacology) A sulfonamide antibacterial with an oxazole substituent, having antibiotic activity against a wide range of Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms.


tadalafil

From [Term?] + -afil (“inhibitor of phosphodiesterase PDE5 with vasodilator action”).

erectile dysfunction
erectile dysfunction

(pharmacology) A drug, C₂₂H₁₉N₃O₄, that is used to treat erectile dysfunction and benign prostatic hyperplasia and functions similarly to sildenafil. It is marketed under the trademark Cialis.


tromantadine

From [Term?] + -mantadine (“adamantane derivative”).

(pharmacology) An antiviral drug derived from adamantane and used to treat herpes simplex.


entecavir

/ɛnˈtɛk.əˌvɪɹ/

From [Term?] + -cavir (“carbocyclic nucleoside”).

(pharmacology) An oral antiviral drug used in the treatment of hepatitis B infection.


boceprevir

From [Term?] + -previr (“hepatitis C virus protease inhibitor”).

(pharmacology) A protease inhibitor being studied as a treatment for hepatitis C.


vicriviroc

From [Term?] + -viroc (“chemokine CC motif receptor 5 antagonist”).

(pharmacology) A pyrimidine CCR5 entry inhibitor of HIV-1.


inosine pranobex

acetamidobenzoic acid
acetamidobenzoic acid

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A combination of inosine, acetamidobenzoic acid and dimethylaminoisopropanol, used as an antiviral drug.


taribavirin

(pharmacology) An experimental antiviral drug, a prodrug of ribavirin.


emtricitabine

From [Term?] + -citabine (“cytarabine or azacytidine derivative”).

(pharmacology) A synthetic nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor C₈H₁₀FN₃O₃S (trademarks Atripla, Complera, Emtriva, Stribild, Truvada) administered orally typically in conjunction with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of HIV infection.


foscarnet

From fos- (“phosphorous derivative”) + car(boxylic acid).

Phosphonoformic acid
phosphonoformic acid

foscarnet sodium
foscarnet sodium#English

(pharmacology) Phosphonoformic acid when used as a drug, synonym of foscarnet sodium.


enfuvirtide

From [Term?] + fu(sion) + -vir- (“antiviral”) + -tide (“peptide, glycopeptide”).

(pharmacology) An HIV fusion inhibitor, the first of a novel class of antiretroviral drugs.


vidarabine

From [Term?] + -arabine (“arabinofuranosyl derivative”).

varicella zoster virus
varicella zoster virus

(pharmacology) An antiviral drug C₁₀H₁₃N₅O₄·H₂O, a form of arabinofuranosyladenine, which is active against herpes simplex and varicella zoster viruses.


ibacitabine

From I (“iodine”) + [Term?] + -citabine (“cytarabine or azacytidine derivative”).

(pharmacology) A particular antiviral drug.


fomivirsen

From pho(sphorothioate) + [Term?] + -virsen (“antiviral antisense oligonucleotide”).

(pharmacology) An antiviral drug used in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis in immunocompromised patients, including those with AIDS.


stavudine

From [Term?] + -vudine (“zidovudine derivative”).

(pharmacology) A synthetic antiretroviral nucleoside drug C₁₀H₁₂N₂O₄ that is an analog of thymidine and a reverse transcriptase inhibitor, administered orally against HIV infection.


loviride

From (dich)lo(ro) + -vir- (“antiviral”) + (am)ide.

(pharmacology) An antiviral drug against HIV.


cidofovir

From cy(tosine) + [Term?] + -fovir (“phosphonic acid derivative”).

(pharmacology) An antiviral drug C₈H₁₄N₃O₆P·2H₂O (trademark Vistide) administered intravenously for the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis in patients with AIDS.


didanosine

(pharmacology) A reverse transcriptase inhibitor drug C₁₀H₁₂N₄O₃ which inhibits the replication of HIV and is used in the treatment of AIDS, especially in combination with zidovudine. It is a synthetic analog of a purine nucleoside.


peramivir

From [Term?] + -amivir (“neuraminidase inhibitor”).

In the United States, peramivir is not likely to be used for routine treatment of seasonal or pandemic flu, partly because most primary-care physicians do not administer intravenous infusions.

2009 September 22, Andrew Pollack, “New Drugs May Attack Flu, but Not in Time”, in New York Times:

(pharmacology) A neuraminidase inhibitor being developed as an antiviral drug to treat influenza.


tenofovir

From [Term?] + -fovir (“phosphonic acid derivative”).

(pharmacology) A particular antiretroviral drug.


arbidol

(pharmacology) An antiviral drug against influenza.


cisatracurium

(pharmacology) A neuromuscular-blocking drug, one of the ten isomers of atracurium.


ropivacaine

From [Term?] + pipecoloxylidide + -vacaine (“alteration of Novocaine”).

(pharmacology) A local anesthetic drug belonging to the amino amide group.


desflurane

From des- + -flurane (“halogenated compound”).

(pharmacology) The compound perfluoro methyl ethyl ether, which is used for maintenance of general anesthesia.


methohexital

From meth(yl) + -o- + hex(ynyl) + (secobarb)ital.

(pharmacology) A derivative of barbituric acid, used, as the sodium salt (more fully sodium methohexital), as a short-acting intravenous anesthetic; (1-methyl-5-allyl-5-[1-methyl-2-pentynyl])barbituric acid, C₁₄H₁₈N₂O₃.


nalbuphine

(pharmacology) A synthetic opioid antagonist which is very similar to morphine in chemical structure and is given by injection (usually in the form of its hydrochloride) as an analgesic; (−)-(5R,6S,14S)-9a-cyclobutylmethyl-4,5-epoxymorphinan-3,6,14-triol, C₂₁H₂₇NO₄.


pipecuronium

From pipe(razine) + -curonium (“neuromuscular blocking agent”).

(pharmacology) A muscle relaxant that acts as a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist.


doxacurium

From [Term?] + -curium (“curare-like substance”).


alcuronium

From al(lyl) + -curonium (“neuromuscular blocking agent”).

(pharmacology) A semisynthetic muscle relaxant derived from toxiferine.


levobupivacaine

(pharmacology) A particular local anesthetic drug.


prilocaine

From pr(op)yl(amin)o + -caine (“local anesthetic”).

(pharmacology) A local anesthetic related to lidocaine and used in the form of its hydrochloride C₁₃H₂₀N₂O·HCl as a nerve block for pain especially in surgery and dentistry.


flumazenil

Probably from flu(oro)- + m(ethyl) + -azenil (“benzodiazepine derivative”).

The documents indicate that Dr. Murray tried to revive Mr. Jackson with flumazenil, which reverses the effects of benzodiazepines like lorazepam.

2009 August 25, Solomon Moore, “Court Papers Show Jackson Died of Propofol”, in New York Times:

(pharmacology) A benzodiazepine antagonist used to counter drowsiness caused by benzodiazepines.


oxandrolone

(pharmacology) A androgenic anabolic steroid C₁₉H₃₀O₃ administered orally especially to promote weight gain (as after extensive surgery or a chronic infection) and to relieve bone pain in osteoporosis.


medazepam

From [Term?] + -azepam (“diazepam derivative”).

(pharmacology) A benzodiazepine drug with anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, sedative and skeletal muscle relaxant properties.


lormetazepam

From (ch)lor- + meth(yl) + -azepam (“diazepam derivative”).


camazepam

From ca(rba)m(ate) + -azepam (“diazepam derivative”).

(pharmacology) A psychoactive benzodiazepine drug with anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, hypnotic and skeletal muscle relaxant properties.


pinazepam

From (pro)pyn(yl) + -azepam (“diazepam derivative”).


bromazepam

From brom- + -azepam (“diazepam derivative”).

(pharmacology) A benzodiazepine drug with anxiolytic, sedative, hypnotic and skeletal muscle relaxant properties.


halazepam

From hal(o)- + -azepam (“diazepam derivative”).

(pharmacology) A benzodiazepine drug used to treat obesity.


loprazolam

Probably from (ch)lo(ro)- + (pi)p(e)raz(ine) + -azolam (“diazepam derivative”).

(pharmacology) A benzodiazepine drug used to treat insomnia.


delorazepam

From de(smethyl) + (ch)lor- + -azepam (“diazepam derivative”).

(pharmacology) An anxiolytic benzodiazepine drug derived from desmethyldiazepam.


cloxazolam

From chl(oro)- + oxa- + -azolam (“diazepam derivative”).

(pharmacology) A benzodiazepine drug with anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, hypnotic, sedative and skeletal muscle relaxant properties.


mephobarbital

(pharmacology) The United States Adopted Name of methylphenobarbital.


ketazolam

From keto- + -azolam (“diazepam derivative”).

(pharmacology) A benzodiazepine drug used to treat anxiety.


prazepam

From (cyclo)pr(opyl) + -azepam (“diazepam derivative”).


estazolam

Probably blend of (d)es(me)thyl + alprazolam.


tetrazepam

From tetra(hydro) + -azepam (“diazepam derivative”).

(pharmacology) A benzodiazepine drug with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, hypnotic and muscle relaxant properties.


methylphenobarbital

(pharmacology) A barbiturate drug used as a sedative, anxiolytic, and anticonvulsant.


oxazepam

en-noun

oxazepam (countable and uncountable, plural oxazepams)

From (hydr)ox(y)- + -azepam (“diazepam derivative”).

af

(pharmacology) A drug of the benzodiazepine group, used to treat anxiety states and insomnia; 7-chloro-1,3-dihydro-3-hydroxy-5-phenyl-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one, C₁₅H₁₁ClN₂O₂.


nimetazepam

From ni(tro)- + meth(yl) + -azepam (“diazepam derivative”).

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A benzodiazepine drug with hypnotic, anxiolytic, sedative, and skeletal muscle relaxant properties, generally used to treat insomnia.


armodafinil

(pharmacology) A stimulant-like drug, an active enantiomer of modafinil, being investigated for the treatment of various conditions such as depression, fatigue, and schizophrenia.


nitrazepam

From nitr- + -azepam (“diazepam derivative”).

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A short-acting hypnotic drug (British trademark Mogadon) of the benzodiazepine group, used to treat insomnia; C₁₅H₁₁N₃O₃.


nordazepam

(pharmacology) A benzodiazepine drug, related to diazepam used primarily to treat anxiety.


clorazepate

From chlor- + -azepate (“diazepam derivative”).

(pharmacology) A benzodiazepine tranquilizer taken orally in the form of its dipotassium salt C₁₆H₁₀ClKN₂O₃·KOH to treat anxiety, partial seizures, and acute alcohol withdrawal.


fludiazepam

(pharmacology) A benzodiazepine drug, closely related to diazepam.


Marocain

/ˌmæɹəˈkeɪn/

/ˌmɑɹəˈkeɪn/

Borrowed from French Marocain (“Moroccan”), from Maroc (“Morocco”) (from Medieval Latin Marrochium (“the city of Marrakech, the former capital of Morocco”), ultimately from Berber Murt n Akush (“Land of God”)) + -ain (suffix forming demonyms).

der

(viticulture) A name used for two unrelated varieties of French wine grape, carignan and cinsault.


dry martini

en-noun

dry martini (countable and uncountable, plural dry martinis)

Yet, when he arrives at the party, everybody is dressed in typically modern urban fashion and is dancing the Charleston and mambo, and drinking dry martini, frappé mint, or whisky.

2009, Juan Poblete, “Condorito, Chilean Popular Culture and the Work of Mediation”, in Héctor Fernández L’Hoeste, Juan Poblete, editors, Redrawing the Nation: National Identity in Latin/o American Comics (New Directions in Latino American Cultures), Palgrave Macmillan, →ISBN, page 48:

“I approve,” Max, commented as he eyes took in the beauty before him, “are you still drinking dry martini.” “Yes,” replied Maria. Max beckoned a waiter over. “A dry martini with lemonade for the lady and I’ll have a Jack Daniel’s and coke, with plenty of ice.”

2012, M.W. Fletcher, To Unleash a Force, Andrews UK Limited, →ISBN:

The pier, in whose dank shadows she and boys whose names she has forgotten drank dry martini straight from the bottle, long after Thomas had disappeared.

2013, Lezanne Clannachan, chapter 22, in Jellybird, Orion Books, published 2014, →ISBN:

A cocktail made from gin or vodka mixed with a splash of vermouth.


overproof

Leeward Island Rums are but seldom brought to this country at a higher rate of strength, than eight or ten per cent. overproof.

1827, “One of the Old School” [pseudonym], chapter I, in Wine and Spirit Adulterators Unmasked, […], London: Printed for the author, by J. Robins and Co. […], →OCLC, page 30:

In overproof spirit, the per centage overproof always represents the quantity of water it will take to reduce it to proof. By adding its per centage overproof to 100, we obtain a number, which, multiplied by any number of gallons, and divided by 100, will give the exact number of proof gallons which is contained in the given quantity of spirit of that strength.

1851, Arnold James Cooley, “ALCOHOL”, in The Book of Useful Knowledge: A Cyclopædia of Six Thousand Practical Receipts, and Collateral Information, including Medicine, Pharmacy, and Domestic Economy. […], New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, […], →OCLC, page 35, column 1:

Now the rum, as has been said, was criminally overproof, and they had had no intoxicants for a long time. And so a couple of stiff drinks produced a beautiful and generous expansion of soul. The mean cabin became larger, the fire warmer and more cheerful, and life generally of a more roseate hue. They began to feel the prodigal Thanksgiving spirit, and to regret their limited opportunities for satisfying it.

1922 November 25, A[rthur] M[urray] Chisholm, “A Thousand a Plate”, in Western Story Magazine, volume XXX, number 4, New York, N.Y.: Street & Smith Corporation, →OCLC, chapter II, page 93, column 2:

The Zombie, created by Don the Beachcomber, first appeared in 1934 as a hangover cure. […] The rule of no more than two per person was in place from the moment of its conception, due to the sheer amount of booze in the drink, not to mention the overproof rum float on top, and this still remains in place in many venues to this day.

2015, Emma Stokes, “Overproof”, in The Periodic Table of Cocktails, London: Ebury Press, Ebury Publishing, →ISBN, page 139:

Possessing a higher proportion of alcohol than proof spirit.


overproof

[E]ach degree of the hydrometer, when at or near proof, is about a quart in a hundred gallons stronger or weaker, as the hydrometer vibrates under or over the silver speck or sight on the index or upper stem; at the intermediate or strong overproofs, is about a pint in ditto; and at the low underproofs is about three pints in ditto.

1806, Peter Jonas, “Method of Ascertaining the Strength of Spiritous Liquors by Clarke’s Hydrometer”, in The Genuine Art of Gauging Made Easy and Familiar; Exhibiting All the Principal Methods Actually Practised by the Officers of His Majesty’s Revenue of Excise and Customs: …, London: Printed [by C[harles] Whittingham] for Dring and Fage, […], →OCLC, page 367:

Bustle, Jack, bustle. Show us the best—the very best—the over-proof that you keep for your own drinking, Jack!

1841 February–November, Charles Dickens, “Barnaby Rudge. Chapter 54.”, in Master Humphrey’s Clock, volume II, London: Chapman & Hall, […], →OCLC, page 249:

At a Committee of the City of London Chess Club, held on the 18th of January, it was decided to set on foot three even tourneys. In these contests the competitors in each of the tourneys play upon even terms, and they all play together. Tournament No. 1 will be of the Pawn and move strength, and there will be included in the same the strongest members of the Pawn and two moves class. Tournament No. 2 will consist of the averae players of the last-named class, and to them will be added the overproofs of the Knight strength.

[1875 February, “The Month”, in W. N. Potter, editor, The City of London Chess Magazine, volume II, London: Longmans, Green, & Co., published 1876, →OCLC, pages 5–6:

A spirit possessing a higher proportion of alcohol than proof spirit.


overproof

en-verb

overproof (third-person singular simple present overproofs, present participle overproofing, simple past and past participle overproofed)

overproofs (present singular third-person)
overproofing (participle present)
overproofed (participle past)
overproofed (past)

The product may have an open or irregular grain because of the following: a. Underproofing or Overproofing the Dough. b. Too Little Fermentation. c. Baking in an Oven That is Too Cool.

1962 August 8, “Yeast Doughs”, in Pastry Baking (Department of the Army Technical Manual; TM 10-411; Department of the Air Force Manual; AFM 146-11), Washington, D.C.: Departments of the Army and the Air Force; U.S. Government Printing Office, →OCLC, part 2 (Production of Pastry Items), section IV (Faults, Causes, and Corrections), paragraph 173, page 134, column 2:

[I]f the loaf is overproofed, it will not rise or brown in the oven and will taste of alcohol. Usually, even the act of moving the overproofed loaf into the oven will cause it to collapse and flatten. If this happens, punch down the loaf, reshape it, and proof again. Although the flavor will be slightly compromised, the loaf will be saved. Note: You can only save it once, and this works best if the dough is overproofed by no more than 30 to 45 minutes. If the dough has been forgotten for hours, it's hopeless.

2008, Cindy Mushet, “Yeast Breads and Rolls”, in The Art and Soul of Baking, Kansas City, Mo.: Andrews McMeel Publishing, →ISBN, page 70:

Learn when dough is ready to be shaped. When the first rise is complete, dough should feel airy and have a lightness to it. […] With time, you will learn when the dough's lightness is good and be able to catch it before it overproofs.

2014, Tabitha Alterman, “Yeast and Wild Yeast (Sourdough) Breads: Fun with Fermentation”, in Whole Grain Baking Made Easy: Craft Delicious, Healthful Breads, Pastries, Desserts, and More: Including a Comprehensive Guide to Grinding Grains, Minneapolis, Minn.: Voyageur Press, Quarto Publishing Group USA, →ISBN, page 99, column 1:

(transitive, baking) To proof (allow dough containing yeast to rise) excessively.


livener

Too often, it was the potential liveners of society who emigrated, taking their skills and talents and initiative to benefit other countries...

2005, Brendan Lehane, Early Celtic Christianity:


xorphanol

From [Term?] + -orphan (“morphinan derivate”) + -ol.

af

(pharmacology) An opioid analgesic of the morphinan family.


levallorphan

From lev- + all(yl) + -orphan (“morphinan derivate”).

(pharmacology) An opioid antagonist from the morphinan family.


levophenacylmorphan

(pharmacology) A morphinan derivative that acts as an opioid agonist.


racemethorphan

(pharmacology) The racemic mixture of dextromethorphan and levomethorphan.


antirheumatic

en-adj

antirheumatic (comparative more antirheumatic, superlative most antirheumatic)

more antirheumatic (comparative)
most antirheumatic (superlative)

(pharmacology) Serving to prevent or counter rheumatism.

αντιρευματικός

serving to prevent or counter rheumatism


antirheumatic

(pharmacology) A drug that prevents or counters rheumatism.

antirreumático

a drug that prevents or counters rheumatism


methyldesorphine

(pharmacology) An opiate analgesic with high potential for abuse.


normorphine

(pharmacology) An opiate analogue, the N-demethylated derivative of morphine.


desomorphine

(pharmacology) An opiate analogue derived from morphine, with sedative and analgesic effects.


designer drug

A drug specifically developed to replace an illegal recreational drug, in order to circumvent existing drug laws, usually by modifying its molecular structure.


morpheridine

From morph(olinyl) + -eridine (“pethidine derivative”).

af

(pharmacology) A strong analgesic, a 4-phenylpiperidine derivative related to pethidine.


palm wine

en-noun

palm wine (countable and uncountable, plural palm wines)

A genre of popular music most closely associated with mid-20th-century Sierra Leone.


latanoprost

(pharmacology) A prostaglandin analogue used for controlling the progression of glaucoma or ocular hypertension by reducing intraocular pressure.


kitasamycin

From Streptomyces kitasatoensis + -mycin (“antibiotic derived from Streptomyces”).

af

(pharmacology) A macrolide antibiotic produced by Streptomyces kitasatoensis bacteria.


ketorolac

From keto- + (pyr)rol(izine) + -ac (“acetic acid”).

(pharmacology) A nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug often used as an analgesic and antipyretic.


chlortetracycline

en-noun

chlortetracycline (countable and uncountable, plural chlortetracyclines)

(pharmacology) A yellow crystalline broad-spectrum antibiotic C₂₂H₂₃ClN₂O₈ (trademark Aureomycin) of the tetracycline group that is produced by a soil actinomycete (Kitasatospora aureofaciens), active against many bacterial and fungal infections, and is sometimes used in animal feeds to stimulate growth.


denopamine

Probably from d(imethoxyph)en(yl) + -opamine (“dopaminergic agent, dopamine derivative”).

af

(pharmacology) A cardiotonic drug used in the treatment of angina.


cefadroxil

Blend of cephalosporanic acid + hydroxy(phen)yl.

blend

(pharmacology) A broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic.


aciclovir

From acyclo(guanosine) + -vir (“antiviral”).

In cells infected with the herpes virus, acyclovir is converted to a metabolic blocking agent, thereby largely overcoming the old and plaguing problem of toxicity to the host.

1997, Roy Porter, The Greatest Benefit to Mankind, Folio Society, published 2016, page 443:

From the description, Letha felt sure Jane had herpes zoster, or shingles, which often strikes cancer patients or others with depressed immune systems. Jane spent another week in the Bubble, treated with acyclovir.

2005, Donald Hall, The Best Day the Worst Day: Life with Jane Kenyon, Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, →ISBN, page 98:

(pharmacology) A cyclic synthetic nucleoside C₈H₁₁N₅O₃ used as an antiviral drug (trademarks Avirax, Zovirax) chiefly in the treatment of chicken pox, shingles, the genital form of herpes simplex, and AIDS.


granisetron

/ɡɹəˈnɪs.əˌtɹɑn/

From [Term?] + -setron (“serotonin receptor 5-HT₃ antagonist”).

af

(pharmacology) A serotonin 5-HT₃ receptor antagonist used as an antiemetic following chemotherapy.


grepafloxacin

From [Term?] + -floxacin (“nalidixic acid derivative”).

(pharmacology) An oral broad-spectrum quinoline antibacterial drug, no longer used because of cardiac side effects.


spirytus

Borrowed from Polish spirytus. Doublet of spirit, spiritus, sprite, spright, and esprit.

doublet

A Polish rectified spirit, used in medicine and for the preparation of alcoholic infusions called nalewka.


vodka tonic

An alcoholic beverage made with vodka and tonic water.


salty dog

From a greyhound (“gin and grapefruit juice cocktail”), plus salt, influenced by existing term.

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-salty dog.wav

A cocktail consisting of gin or vodka, grapefruit juice, and a salt rim.


valdecoxib

(pharmacology) A nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug formerly used to treat osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and menstrual pain.


miglitol

Probably from (a)mi(ne) + gli- (“antihyperglycemic”) + -itol.

af

(pharmacology) An antidiabetic drug C₈H₁₇NO₅ that is taken orally as a tablet in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and acts to slow the absorption of glucose in the small intestine by inhibiting enzymes that break down complex carbohydrates.


antirabies

(pharmacology) Preventing or countering rabies.


antidepression

en-adj

antidepression (comparative more antidepression, superlative most antidepression)

more antidepression (comparative)
most antidepression (superlative)


tanglefoot

Instruments called "hopperdozers" were invented, which had receptacles filled with hot tar, and were driven over the ground to catch them as flies are caught with tanglefoot paper, and many millions of them were destroyed in this way, but it was about as effectual as fighting a Northwestern blizzard with a lady's fan, and they were all abandoned as useless and powerless to cope with the scourge.

1900, Charles E. Flandrau, The History of Minnesota and Tales of the Frontier:

The Entomologist has every reason to be thankful that, early last spring, he laid in a supply of arsenate of lead, Black Leaf No. 40, commercial lime-sulphur, tree tanglefoot, tobacco dust, also providing himself with an abundance of air-slaked lime and a spraying outfit suitable for use in a small experiment garden and orchard at Lake Minnetonka.

1916, Various, Trees, Fruits and Flowers of Minnesota, 1916:

We reared experimental colonies in plastic nest containers (30 cm by 14 cm by 8 cm) lined with fluon and tanglefoot to prevent ants from escaping.

1998 October 30, David A. Holway et al., “Loss of Intraspecific Aggression in the Success of a Widespread Invasive Social Insect”, in Science, volume 282, number 5390, →DOI, pages 949–952:

A sticky substance put at the base of trees or other plants to trap insects and prevent them from climbing up.


antischistosomal

(immunology, pharmacology) that counters the effects of schistosomiasis


laniquidar

A particular inhibitor of P-glycoprotein.


posological

posological (comparative more posological, superlative most posological)

more posological (comparative)
most posological (superlative)

(pharmacy, pharmacology) Of or pertaining to posology.


antimutagenic

antimutagenic (comparative more antimutagenic, superlative most antimutagenic)

more antimutagenic (comparative)
most antimutagenic (superlative)

(pharmacology) Serving to counter a mutagen


antimutagenic

(pharmacology) A drug or other material that counters a mutagen


cefpodoxime

From cef- (“cefalosporanic acid derivative”) + [Term?] + oxime.

af

(pharmacology) A particular cephalosporin antibiotic.


cefazolin

From cef- (“cefalosporanic acid derivative”) + azole + -in.


cefoxitin

From cef- (“cefalosporanic acid derivative”) + (meth)oxy + thi(ophe)n(e).


cefotetan

From cef- (“cefalosporanic acid derivative”) + -o- + (di)th(i)etan(e).


etabonate

en-noun

etabonate (countable and uncountable, plural etabonates)

(pharmacology) Any salt or ester of the hypothetical etabonic acid.


antimicrotubule

(pharmacology) Describing any agent that interferes with microtubules during mitosis and thus inhibits cell growth and division.


vasoconstrictive

en-adj

vasoconstrictive (comparative more vasoconstrictive, superlative most vasoconstrictive)

more vasoconstrictive (comparative)
most vasoconstrictive (superlative)

(physiology, pharmacology) That causes vasoconstriction


gatifloxacin

(pharmacology) A particular fluoroquinolone antibiotic.


moxifloxacin

From m(eth)oxy + -floxacin (“nalidixic acid derivative”).


mupirocin

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A particular antibiotic applied topically


piperacillin

From pipera(zine) + -cillin (“6-aminopenicillanic acid derivative”).

(pharmacology) A particular ureidopenicillin antibiotic.


norfloxacin

From nor- + fl(uor)- + -oxacin (“nalidixic acid derivative”).

(pharmacology) A synthetic fluoroquinolone antibiotic structurally related to nalidixic acid, which is used topically to treat conjunctivitis and orally for the treatment of bacterial infections of the urinary tract; 1-ethyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-(1-piperazinyl)-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid, C₁₆H₁₈FN₃O₃.


nimodipine

Probably from ni(tro)- + m(eth)o(xy) + -dipine (“nifedipine derivative”).

calcium channel blocker
calcium channel blocker

(pharmacology) A dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker originally developed for the treatment of high blood pressure and now mostly used to prevent vasospasm.


antispasmolytic

en-adj

antispasmolytic (comparative more antispasmolytic, superlative most antispasmolytic)

more antispasmolytic (comparative)
most antispasmolytic (superlative)


antihepatotoxic

antihepatotoxic (comparative more antihepatotoxic, superlative most antihepatotoxic)

more antihepatotoxic (comparative)
most antihepatotoxic (superlative)

(pharmacology) That acts against hepatotoxicity


mijiu

From the pinyin romanization of Mandarin 米酒 (mǐjiǔ, “rice alcohol”).

A variety of Chinese rice wine, made from fermented glutinous rice and usually about 15–20% alcohol by volume.


shaojiu

From the atonal Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 燒酒／烧酒 (shāojiǔ). Doublet of shochu and soju.


bremelanotide

From [Term?] + melano- + -tide (“peptide, glycopeptide”).

af

(pharmacology) A drug being developed for the treatment of hemorrhagic shock and reperfusion injury.


avertin

It may be useful to re-emphasize a few factors most essential for a valid and safe catheterization: […] 4. Avertin, drug of choice, for anaesthesia of children under the age of nine.

1951 March, J. H. Lehmann, A. D. Johnson, W. C. Bridges, J. Michel, D. M. Green, “Cardiac Catheterization—A Diagnostic Aid in Congenital Heart Disease”, in Northwest Medicine, volume 50, number 3, Portland, Ore.: Northwest Medical Publishing Association, page 171:

(pharmacology, organic chemistry) Synonym of tribromoethanol.


asenapine

From [Term?] + -apine (“psychoactive tricyclic compound”).

(pharmacology) An atypical antipsychotic under development for the treatment of schizophrenia and acute mania associated with bipolar disorder.


dizocilpine

From [Term?] + [Term?] (“tricyclic compound”) + -pine.

(pharmacology) A particular antagonist of glutamate receptors that may have some medical applications.


antidiarrheic

ăn'tĭdīərhēʹĭk

/ˌæntɪdaɪəˈɹiːɪk/

(pharmacology) An agent which counteracts or remedies diarrhea; an antidiarrheic agent.

止泻药

an agent which counteracts or remedies diarrhea; an antidiarrheic agent


antidiarrheic

ăn'tĭdīərhēʹĭk

/ˌæntɪdaɪəˈɹiːɪk/

(pharmacology) Counteractive of or remedying diarrhea.


calcifediol

(biochemistry, pharmacology) A prehormone which is produced by hydroxylation of vitamin D₃ (cholecalciferol) in the liver.


gaboxadol

From gab- (“gabamimetic agent”) + (is)oxa(zole) + -adol (“analgesic”).

(pharmacology) An experimental drug derived from muscimol, formerly being developed as a sleep aid.


antialbuminuric

en-adj

antialbuminuric (comparative more antialbuminuric, superlative most antialbuminuric)

more antialbuminuric (comparative)
most antialbuminuric (superlative)

(pharmacology) That counters albuminuria


thioguanine

en-noun

thioguanine (countable and uncountable, plural thioguanines)

/ˌθʌɪ.ə(ʊ)ˈɡwɑː.niːn/

(pharmacology) US and UK spelling of tioguanine.


lysergide

lysergide (countable and uncountable, plural lysergides)

/lɪˈsɝˌd͡ʒaɪd/

From contraction of lysergic acid diethylamide.

(biochemistry, pharmacology) The International Nonproprietary Name of LSD.


Jägerbomb

/ˈjeɪɡɚˌbɑm/

Audio (US)

Anyone who has been to a bar in the past 5 years has surely seen or even tasted a Red Bull and vodka or a Jägerbomb (Jägermeister and energy drink).

2009, Harvey B. Milkman, Stanley G. Sunderwirth, Craving for Ecstasy and Natural Highs: A Positive Approach to Mood Alteration:

The ambience: locals, tourists, mad fishermen, rednecks and the odd journalist saddling up for endless Jägerbombs before dancing the night away to any number of consistently good live acts.

2009, Jeff Campbell, Becca Blond, Willy Volk, Adam Karlin, Florida:

You won't see me buying a round of Jägerbombs for girls half my age because I know when I have no shot.

2009, David P. Murphy, Phil Torcivia, Rebecca Shockley, Such a Nice Guy:

A cocktail of Jägermeister and Red Bull.


overreplacement

overreplacement (countable and uncountable, plural overreplacements)

... liberal replacement or overreplacement with blood and plasma preoperatively and operatively has made obsolete the use of vasopressors, which in the past ...

1983, Michael Christopher Magee, Basic science for the practicing urologist, →ISBN, page 63:

The state wherein a substance, having previously been reduced or removed, has or is being replaced by re-adding it, but overly so, resulting in more of the substance than normal.


fluvastatin

From flu(oro)- + -vastatin (“HMG CoA reductase inhibitor”).

af

(pharmacology) A drug of the statin class, used to treat hypercholesterolemia and to prevent cardiovascular disease.


clomiphene

en-noun

clomiphene (countable and uncountable, plural clomiphenes)

(pharmacology) UK and US spelling of clomifene.


carprofen

(pharmacology) A nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug whose structure is based on carbazole


acetylcysteine

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) An acetylated form of the amino acid cysteine (trademark Mucomyst), which is an antioxidant used as a mucolytic agent and in the treatment of paracetamol poisoning.


coquito

coquito (countable and uncountable, plural coquitos)

A traditional Puerto Rican alcoholic eggnog made with coconut.


antivascular

en-adj

antivascular (comparative more antivascular, superlative most antivascular)

more antivascular (comparative)
most antivascular (superlative)

(pharmacology, oncology) Describing any drug that attacks the vasculature of a tumour


aminocaproic acid

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A drug C₆H₁₃NO₂ that inhibits the breakdown of fibrin by blocking the activation of plasminogen and is used to control bleeding (as during surgery) especially in cases where blood clots are broken down too quickly. It is a chemical analog of lysine and is marketed under the trademark Amicar.


vomitory

(pharmacology) A substance that induces vomiting; an emetic


vomitory

vomitory (comparative more vomitory, superlative most vomitory)

more vomitory (comparative)
most vomitory (superlative)

(medicine, pharmacology) Inducing vomiting; emetic


antifatigue

an antifatigue medication


vomitive

vomitive (comparative more vomitive, superlative most vomitive)

more vomitive (comparative)
most vomitive (superlative)

(medicine, pharmacology) Inducing vomiting


vomitive

(medicine, pharmacology) Something that induces vomiting


dracontium

From the genus in which Symplocarpus foetidus was formerly classified, Dracontium, from Latin dracontium (“dragon-wort”), from Ancient Greek δρακόντιον (drakóntion).

Symplocarpus foetidus
Symplocarpus foetidus#Translingual

(pharmacy, obsolete) The roots and rhizomes of skunk cabbage, Symplocarpus foetidus


carbocisteine

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A mucolytic that reduces the viscosity of sputum.


dapagliflozin

From dapa- (of unknown origin) + -gliflozin (“sodium–glucose cotransporter inhibitor”).

af

(pharmacology) A drug C₂₁H₂₅ClO₆·C₃H₈O₂·H₂O that lowers blood sugar by reducing the reabsorption of glucose from the kidneys and is taken orally to treat type 2 diabetes. It is marketed under the trademark Farxiga.


dapsone

en-noun

dapsone (countable and uncountable, plural dapsones)

(pharmacology) A bacteriostatic antimicrobial agent 4-[(4-aminobenzene)sulfonyl]aniline (C₁₂H₁₂N₂O₂S) used in the treatment of leprosy and a chronic form of dermatitis.


liraglutide

/lɪˈɹæɡ.lʊˌtaɪd/

From ly(sine) + [Term?] + -glutide (“glucagon-like peptide analog”).

af

Coordinate term: semaglutide

(pharmacology) A antidiabetic drug C₁₇₂H₂₆₅N₄₃O₅₁ (trademark Victoza) that is an analog of glucagon-like peptide 1 administered by injection in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity.


glitazone

From gli- (“antihyperglycemic”) + th(i)az(olidinedi)one.

(pharmacology) Synonym of thiazolidinedione.

-glitazone

peroxisome proliferator activating receptor-γ


ramipril

(pharmacology) A drug commonly used to treat hypertension.


rosuvastatin

From (fluo)ro- + su(lfonyl) + -vastatin (“HMG CoA reductase inhibitor”).

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A statin (trademark Crestor) that is administered orally in the form of its calcium salt Ca(C₂₂H₂₇FN₃O₆S)₂ especially to treat hypercholesterolemia.


tranexamic acid

From trans- + (cycloh)ex(ane) + am(ino) + -ic acid.

(pharmacology) A synthetic compound derived from cyclohexane which inhibits the breakdown of fibrin in blood clots and is used to treat hemorrhage.


mwenge

An alcoholic drink of Uganda, made with fermented bananas and sorghum.


cilastatin

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A dehydropeptidase inhibitor that is used in association with certain antibiotics to prevent them being inactivated


clinafloxacin

From [Term?] + -floxacin (“nalidixic acid derivative”).

(pharmacology) A particular fluoroquinolone antibiotic.


negroni

Borrowed from Italian negroni, from surname Italian Negroni, from Italian negri (“black”) + Italian -oni (“(ablative) from, of”).
The origin of the drink's name is disputed, most often attributed to being named after Count Camillo Negroni (1868–1934), who asked for an early form of this cocktail.

named-after

The main item on the agenda was alcohol, not food. [Gavin] Ewart began with several negronis (gin, vermouth, Campari), which is not an amateur’s drink, and carried on from there.

2012 April 27, Matthew Engel, “Let’s do lunch!”, in Financial Times:

A cocktail consisting of gin, Campari and vermouth, usually in equal parts.

نِيجْرُونِي

cocktail made from gin, Campari and vermouth


doppelbock

en-noun

doppelbock (countable and uncountable, plural doppelbocks)

As with so many beer styles, we have monasteries to thank for doppelbock, in particular the devout monks of St. Francis of Paula.

2007 April 18, Eric Asimov, “With Bocks, It’s All About the Malt”, in New York Times:

A Bavarian speciality beer, deep gold to dark brown, with a large, creamy, persistent head and a strong malty aroma.


sangaree

sangaree (countable and uncountable, plural sangarees)

And who but July would know […] that she liked her sangaree, not with the juice of a lime, but embittered with the peel from a lemon.

2010, Andrea Levy, The Long Song, Tinder Press (2017), pages 71–72:

A mixed drink common in the West Indies, similar to sangria and usually featuring wine or fortified wine and spices.


urapidil

(pharmacology) A sympatholytic antihypertensive drug.


unoprostone

(pharmacology) A prostaglandin analogue whose isopropyl ester is used to treat glaucoma and ocular hypertension.


ramiprilat

(pharmacology) The active metabolite of the prodrug ramipril.


umespirone

From [Term?] + -spirone (“buspirone derivative”).

af

(pharmacology) An azapirone drug with anxiolytic and antipsychotic properties.


uldazepam

From [Term?] + -azepam (“diazepam derivative”).

(pharmacology) A benzodiazepine drug with sedative and anxiolytic effects.


ulobetasol

From [Term?] + -betasol (“prednisone or prednisolone derivative”).

(pharmacology) A particular corticosteroid used to treat psoriasis.


quinupramine

From quinu(clidine) + -pramine (“substance of the imipramine group”).

(pharmacology) A particular tricyclic antidepressant.


vorozole

From [Term?] + -rozole (“imidazole-triazole derivative”).

(pharmacology) An imidazole-based competitive inhibitor of aromatase.


nifurquinazol

From nifur- (“5-nitrofuran derivative”) + quinazol(inyl).

(pharmacology) An antibacterial agent of the nitrofuran class.


reproterol

From [Term?] + pro(pyl) + -terol (“phenethylamine derivative”).

(pharmacology) A β₂-adrenergic receptor agonist used in the treatment of asthma.


remoxipride

From [Term?] + m(eth)oxy + -pride (“sulpiride derivative”).

(pharmacology) An atypical antipsychotic formerly used to treat schizophrenia but later withdrawn because of toxicity concerns.


quinupristin

From quinu(clidinyl) + -pristin (“pristinamycin derivative”).

(pharmacology) A streptogramin antibiotic derived from pristinamycin.


quinestrol

From Latin quin(que) (“five”) + -estr- (“estrogen”) + -ol.

(pharmacology) A synthetic oestrogen used in hormone replacement therapy.


raclopride

From [Term?] + (di)chlo(ro) + -pride (“sulpiride derivative”).

(pharmacology) A synthetic compound that acts as an antagonist on D₂ dopamine receptors.


ramosetron

From [Term?] + -setron (“serotonin receptor 5-HT₃ antagonist”).

(pharmacology) A serotonin receptor antagonist for the treatment of nausea and vomiting.


quinisocaine

From quiniso- (“alteration of isoquin(oline)”) + -caine (“local anesthetic”).

(pharmacology) A topical anesthetic used as an antipruritic.


nonabine

From no(nyl) + -nab- (“cannabinoid receptor agonist”) + (pyrid)ine.

(pharmacology) A cannabinoid drug with strong antiemetic effects.


nalorphine

From N-allyl + -orphine (“morphinan derivate”).

(pharmacology) A drug used to reverse opioid overdose.


leflunomide

(pharmacology) An inhibitor of pyrimidine synthesis, used to treat some forms of arthritis.


ioversol

From io- (“iodine-containing contrast media”) + [Term?] + -ol.

(pharmacology) An organoiodine compound used as a contrast medium.


dalfopristin

From d(iethyl)a(mino) + (su)lfo(nyl) + -pristin (“pristinamycin derivative”).


iobitridol

From io- (“iodine-containing contrast medium”) + [Term?] + tri(s)- + d(i)ol.

(pharmacology) A molecule used as a contrast medium.


quingestanol

From Latin quin(que) (“five”) + (pro)gest(ogen) + [Term?] + -ol.

(pharmacology) 3-cyclopentyl norethisterone, a steroidal progestin whose acylated derivative is used as a pharmaceutical drug.


iotalamic acid

From io- (“iodine-containing contrast media”) + (isoph)thalamic acid.

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A molecule used as a contrast medium.


reteplase

Probably from re(combinant) + -teplase (“tissue-type plasminogen activator”).

(pharmacology) A modified form of human tissue plasminogen activator, used as a thrombolytic drug.


osanetant

From [Term?] + -netant (“neurokinin NK₃ receptor antagonist”).

(pharmacology) A neurokinin 3 receptor antagonist being researched for the treatment of schizophrenia.


diethylstilboestrol

(pharmacology) UK spelling of diethylstilbestrol.


appletini

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-appletini.wav

A cocktail of vodka and either apple juice, apple cider, or apple liqueur.


unoaked

There is a reason why chèvre, a tangy goat cheese from France's Loire Valley, goes so well with crisp, unoaked sauvignon blanc from the same area.

2010 September, Chris Hoel, "Pairing Wine and Cheese: A Primer", St. Louis magazine, ISSN 1090-5723, volume 16, issue 9, page 158


sitagliptin

From [Term?] + -gliptin (“dipeptidyl aminopeptidase-IV inhibitor”).

(pharmacology) A hypoglycemic drug taken orally in the form of its phosphate C₁₆H₁₅F₆N₅O·H₃PO₄·H₂O in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. It acts by inhibiting the degradation of incretins, which results in increased secretion of insulin by the pancreas. It is marketed under the trademark Januvia and when used in combination with metformin, under the trademark Janumet.


exenatide

From exen(din) + -a- + -tide (“peptide, glycopeptide”).

In humans, the science is much more scant. A couple of studies of exenatide in people with cocaine-use disorder were too short or small to be conclusive.

2023 May 19, Sarah Zhang, “Ozempic’s Next Act”, in The Atlantic:

(pharmacology) Synthetic polypeptide exendin-4 that mimics the hormone incretin and is used for the treatment of diabetes.


lignocaine

From ligno- (“wood, related to xylene”) + -caine (“local anesthetic”).

confix

wood, related to <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">xylene</i>


clodronic acid

From (di)chlo(ro)- + -dronic (“calcium metabolism regulator”) acid.

af

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) The chlorinated phosphonic acid CCl₂(PO(OH)₂)₂.


candesartan

From [Term?] + -sartan (“angiotensin II receptor antagonist”).

(pharmacology) An angiotensin receptor antagonist used for the treatment of hypertension


clairin

The antidote prepared in the Valley of Léogane consisted solely of ammonia, clairin, and various aromatic solutions purchased at the local apothecary.

1988, Wade Davis, Passage of Darkness, page 167:

I open the door to my altar, spill a little kleren three times, talk with my spirits […].

1995, Mama Lola & Karen McCarthy Brown, in Cosentino (ed.), Sacred Arts of Haitian Vodou, South Sea International Press 1998, p. 227

The sunny days were filled with incident and his bottle was filled with klerin.

2013, Amy Wilentz, Farewell, Fred Voodoo, Simon & Schuster, page 10:

A strong Haitian spirit, similar to rum, made from cane sugar.


alteplase

Probably from al(pha) + -teplase (“tissue-type plasminogen activator”).

myocardial infarction
myocardial infarction

deep venous thrombosis
deep vein thrombosis

(pharmacology) A form of the enzyme plasminogen activator (trademark Activase) produced by genetic engineering and used to dissolve blood clots in thromboembolic disorders such as myocardial infarction, deep venous thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism.


dideoxyinosine

(pharmacology) Alternative form of didanosine.


stilbestrol

en-noun

stilbestrol (countable and uncountable, plural stilbestrols)

Treatment of abortion has been improved a great deal in the past fifteen years, particularly with the recent knowledge that stilbestrol is a progestin stimulant and also a “vascular” hormone, increasing the caliber of the vessels of the uterus and improving the circulation.

1951 July, Richard D. Reekie, “Critical Analysis of Recent Advances in Gynecology”, in Northwest Medicine, volume 50, number 7, Portland, Ore.: Northwest Medical Publishing Association, page 508:

(pharmacology) Synonym of diethylstilbestrol.


muscadine

Uncertain, but probably from muscadel, muscatel, + -ine.

All black wines, over-hot, compound, strong, thick drinks, as muscadine, malmsey, alicant, rumney, brown bastard, metheglin, and the like […]


linaclotide

From [Term?] + [Term?] + -tide (“peptide, glycopeptide”).

af

(pharmacology) A medication used to treat chronic constipation.


electric soup

(Scotland, slang) Strong fortified wine.


amiloride

en-noun

amiloride (countable and uncountable, plural amilorides)

Probably from ami(dino) + (ch)lor- + -(am)ide.

(pharmacology) A diuretic C₆H₈ClN₇O that promotes sodium excretion and potassium retention; any related compound.


stilboestrol

stilboestrol (countable and uncountable, plural stilboestrols)

(pharmacology) UK spelling of stilbestrol.


champansky

Because it's like you, it’s so Russian. I even like the way you Russians say it, champansky.

1964, Eddy Gilmore, After the Cossacks burned down the “Y”:

(humorous, informal) Imitation champagne, chiefly Russian in origin.


fidaxomicin

From [Term?] + -micin (“aminoglycoside, antibiotic”).

af

(pharmacology) A particular narrow-spectrum macrocyclic antibiotic drug.


saxagliptin

(pharmacology) A hypoglycemic drug taken orally in the form of its hydrate C₁₈H₂₅N₃O₂·H₂O in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. It acts by inhibiting the degradation of incretins, which results in increased secretion of insulin by the pancreas. It is marketed under the trademark Onglyza and when used in combination with metformin, under the trademark Kombiglyze.


nifurtimox

Probably from nifur- (“5-nitrofuran derivative”) + thi- + m(ethyl) + ox-.

(pharmacology) A nitrofuran antitrypanosomal drug administered orally in the treatment of Chagas disease; C₁₀H₁₃N₃O₅S.


dobutamine

(pharmacology) A strongly inotropic catecholamine administered intravenously in the form of its hydrochloride C₁₈H₂₃NO₃·HCl especially to increase cardiac output and lower wedge pressure in heart failure and after cardiopulmonary bypass surgery


hexamethonium

From hexa- + meth(ylene) + -onium (“quaternary ammonium compound”).

hexamethonium bromide
hexamethonium bromide#English

(pharmacology) Synonym of hexamethonium bromide.


tetrofosmin

From tetr(aeth)o(xy) + -fos- (“phosphorous derivative”).

(pharmacology) Any of a group of chelate compounds, often having a radioisotopically labelled metal atom, used in cardiac imaging.


anxietolytic

en-adj

anxietolytic (comparative more anxietolytic, superlative most anxietolytic)

more anxietolytic (comparative)
most anxietolytic (superlative)


tropicamide

(pharmacology) A short-acting anticholinergic drug, used to produce dilatation of the pupil and cycloplegia during examination of the eye.

tropikamid

drug used to produce dilation of the pupil


buprenorphine

(pharmacology) A semisynthetic narcotic analgesic that is administered in the form of its hydrochloride C₂₉H₄₁NO₄·HCl to control moderate to severe pain and treat opioid dependence.


narceine

en-noun

narceine (countable and uncountable, plural narceines)

(pharmacology) An alkaloid contained in opium, occurring as fine white, silky crystals, slightly soluble in water, used as a substitute for morphine.


edratide

From [Term?] + -tide (“peptide, glycopeptide”).

af

Among the companies that have had setbacks or outright failures in clinical trials are Roche and Biogen Idec with their drug Rituxan; La Jolla Pharmaceutical with Riquent; Bristol-Myers Squibb with Orencia; ZymoGenetics and Merck Serono with atacicept; Genelabs Technologies with Prestara; Teva Pharmaceutical Industries with edratide; and Aspreva Pharmaceuticals and Roche with CellCept.

2009 July 20, Andrew Pollack, “Trial for New Lupus Treatment Is Called Promising”, in New York Times:

(pharmacology) A synthetic peptide that is used to treat cases of lupus.


viquidil

(pharmacology) An isomer of quinidine used to treat cerebrovascular disorders.


xylocoumarol

(pharmacology) A particular coumarin anticoagulant.


vinpocetine

From vinpoc- -ine (“alteration of apovincamine”) + eth-.

(pharmacology) A semisynthetic derivative alkaloid of vincamine, widely marketed as a supplement for vasodilation and as a nootropic for the improvement of memory.


vincamine

(pharmacology) An indole alkaloid used as a peripheral vasodilator to increase blood flow to the brain.


ximoprofen

(pharmacology) A particular anti-inflammatory drug.


xemilofiban

From [Term?] + -fiban (“fibrinogen receptor antagonist”).

(pharmacology) A prodrug with possible action against cardiovascular disorders.


xantifibrate

From [Term?] + -fibrate (“clofibrate derivative”).

(pharmacology) A particular antilipidemic drug.


zofenopril

angiotensin converting enzyme
angiotensin converting enzyme

(pharmacology) An angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor with cardioprotective properties, indicated for the treatment of hypertension.


zomepirac

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A particular nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug with antipyretic action, withdrawn in the 1980s because of the risk of anaphylaxis.


zacopride

From (a)za(bi)c(ycl)o + -pride (“sulpiride derivative”).

(pharmacology) A drug with anxiolytic and nootropic effects.


zinterol

From [Term?] + -terol (“phenethylamine derivative”).

(pharmacology) A particular beta-adrenergic agonist.


antinauseant

(pharmacology) Any drug that counteracts nausea.


zonisamide

Probably blend of zonis- (“alteration of (be)nzis(oxazole)”) + s(ulfon)amide.

blend

(pharmacology) A sulfonamide anticonvulsant drug.


zatosetron

From [Term?] + -setron (“serotonin receptor 5-HT₃ antagonist”).

af

(pharmacology) An anxiolytic drug that acts as an antagonist at the 5-HT₃ receptor.


zuclomifene

From German zu(sammen) (“Z-configuration”) + clomifene.

(pharmacology) The more active isomer of clomiphene, which binds to estrogen receptors and stays bound for long periods of time, preventing normal receptor recycling and causing an effective reduction in hypothalamic estrogen receptor number.


ziconotide

[Term?] + [Term?] + -tide (“peptide, glycopeptide”)

(pharmacology) An analgesic drug used for the amelioration of severe and chronic pain.


zafirlukast

From zafir- (of unknown origin) + -lukast (“leukotriene receptor antagonist”).

(pharmacology) A leukotriene antagonist C₃₁H₃₃N₃O₆S that is administered orally to inhibit bronchoconstriction in the treatment of asthma.


tabacosis

In regard to tabacosis, only two cases have been observed by Zenker, and therefore the grounds are insufficient for an absolute opinion as to the connectino of cause and effect.

1873, The Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, volume 88, page 222:

There are but two autopsies of tobacco workers on record which could be considered cases of tabacosis and both of them are described by Zenker.

1885, First Annual Report of State Inspector of Shops and Factories:

Among the numerous occupational activities associated with an inhalation of dusts of vegetable and animal matter (cotton, hemp, sisal, cork, sugar cane, wood paper, silk, wool, animal hair, feathers, shellac), some of which give rise to progressive fibrosing pneumoconioses (byssinosis, bagassosis, etc.), only tabacosis has been related by epidemiologic evidence to cancer of the lung, while the possibility of such associations deserves consideration for shellac pneumoconiosis.

2013, W. C. Hueper, Occupational and Environmental Cancers of the Respiratory System:

(pathology) Chronic tobacco poisoning; poisoning brought about by excessive use of or exposure to tobacco, especially the occupational disease from inhaling the dust in cigar and tobacco factories.


jelloid

Former brand name, from a company called Iron Jelloid Co. Ltd. Presumably jelly + -oid.

(pharmacy) A medicated gelatin tablet or lozenge; a gelatinous pill.


aliskiren

(pharmacology) A renin inhibitor that is used in the treatment of hypertension.


paricalcitol

(pharmacology) An analog of calcitriol (the active form of vitamin D) that is used for the prevention and treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism.


sulphadimidine

(British spelling) Alternative spelling of sulfadimidine


sulfadimidine

(pharmacology) A particular sulfonamide antibacterial agent


osteotropic

en-adj

osteotropic (comparative more osteotropic, superlative most osteotropic)

more osteotropic (comparative)
most osteotropic (superlative)

(pharmacology, physiology) Describing any drug etc. that is attracted to, and targets bone


leuprolide

(pharmacology) Alternative form of leuprorelin.


leuprorelin

From Leu + Pro + -relin (“LHRH release–stimulating peptide”).

af

(pharmacology) A synthetic analog of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (trademark Eligard, Lupron) that downregulates the secretion of gonadotropins, and is administered by injection in the form of its acetate C₅₉H₈₄N₁₆O₁₂·C₂H₄O₂ to treat cancer of the prostate gland, endometriosis, uterine fibroids, and precocious puberty.


etidronic acid

From ethy(l) + (hy)dro(xy) + (phosph)onic acid.

(pharmacology) The phosphonic acid (1-hydroxy-1-phosphono-ethyl)phosphonic acid which inhibits the formation, growth, and dissolution of hydroxyapatite crystals and is administered orally in the treatment of some bone diseases (such as Paget's disease of bone).


pitavastatin

From [Term?] + -vastatin (“HMG CoA reductase inhibitor”).

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A particular statin drug


nug

From dialectal nug, nog, knog (“a knot, lump, block, a misshapen mass of anything, peg, linchpin”), also found in Scots nug, nugg, nogg (“small block of wood, peg, pin”), of uncertain origin. Probably from earlier *knug, *knugg, *knogg, related to dialectal Norwegian knugg (“knot, knob”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *knuk- (“to ball up, mass together”), making it further related to English knock and knuckle.


lubiprostone

Probably from (f)lu(oro)- + bi(cyclo) + -prost- (“prostaglandin”) + -one.

af

irritable bowel syndrome
irritable bowel syndrome

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A laxative drug C₂₀H₃₂F₂O₅ taken orally in the treatment of chronic constipation and irritable bowel syndrome with constipation. It is marketed under the trademark Amitiza.


prucalopride

From [Term?] + [Term?] + -pride (“sulpiride derivative”).

(pharmacology) A drug used to treat chronic constipation.


risedronate

en-noun

risedronate (countable and uncountable, plural risedronates)

/ɹɪˈsɛ.dɹəˌneɪt/

(pharmacology) The conjugate base, or any salt or ester, of risedronic acid. Used as a medication to inhibit bone loss in disorders of bone metabolism.

risedronic acid

coordinate as an acid versus a base, but synonymous in the practical sense that the conjugate base and conjugate acid coexist in solution


risedronic acid

/ˌɹɪs.əˌdɹɑn.ɪk ˈæs.ɪd/

From (py)ri(dinyl) + -se- (of unknown origin) + -dronic (“calcium metabolism regulator”) acid.

af

(pharmacology) A bisphosphonate C₇H₁₁NO₇P₂ taken orally to inhibit bone resorption especially in the prevention or treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Trade names include Actonel, Atelvia, and possibly others.


mifamurtide

From [Term?] + mur(amyl) + -tide (“peptide, glycopeptide”).

(pharmacology) A drug, having a phospholipid moiety, used to treat osteosarcoma.


Rhenish

From Rhine + -ish (with the first element taking a Latinate form; see Rhēnus).

The linguistic varieties spoken in the Rhineland, a continuum between traditional dialects and regional forms of Standard German.


apixaban

From [Term?] + -xaban (“blood coagulation factor Xa inhibitor”).

The company also announced a partnership with Pfizer to develop and market the experimental product apixaban, also for blood clots.

2007 April 27, Stephanie Saul, “Bristol-Myers Removes ‘Interim’ From Chief’s Title”, in New York Times:

(pharmacology) An anticoagulant drug for the treatment of venous thromboembolic events.


winetaster

One who examines and evaluates wine by tasting it.

wijnproever

one who examines and evaluates wine by tasting it


zoot

en-noun

zoot (countable and uncountable, plural zoots)

(uncountable, slang, UK) PCP; phencyclidine.


sulfapyridine

(pharmacology) A particular antibacterial sulfonamide.


bullshot

From bull + shot with influence from bullshit.

A cocktail made from vodka and beef bouillon.


antipyrine

antipyrine (usually uncountable, plural antipyrines)


antiherpetic

en-adj

antiherpetic (comparative more antiherpetic, superlative most antiherpetic)

more antiherpetic (comparative)
most antiherpetic (superlative)


antiherpetic

(pharmacology) Any drug that counters herpes.


antivenene

en-noun

antivenene (countable and uncountable, plural antivenenes)

From anti- + venene (“venom”), from Latin venēnum (“juice; venom”). Doublet of antivenom and antivenin.

His conclusions are that (1) about the same quantity of anti-venene necessary to neutralise the venom in vitro is capable of doing so when the forner is injected into the bloodstream, and the latter sub-cutaneously ;

1898, Royal Microscopical Society (Great Britain), Journal of the Royal Microscopical Society, page 623:

What he really means is that the recommended use of anti-venene does not entirely agree with one set of medical opinion.

1973, East African Wild Life Society, World Wildlife Fund, Africana, volume 5, page 5:

Now it became necessary to take venom from captured Taipans, so as to produce anti-venene, and to put it in hospitals right through the danger areas.

1978, Australian Broadcasting Commission, A Big Country: More Stories about the People of Australia, page 13:

(UK and Australia, medicine) Synonym of antivenom.


antisyphilitic

en-adj

antisyphilitic (comparative more antisyphilitic, superlative most antisyphilitic)

more antisyphilitic (comparative)
most antisyphilitic (superlative)

Ehrlich knew that an antisyphilitic drug would be an instant sensation.

2010, Siddhartha Mukherjee, The Emperor of All Maladies, Fourth Estate (2011), page 86:


antisyphilitic

(pharmacology) Any drug that counters syphilis.


antiluetic

antiluetic (comparative more antiluetic, superlative most antiluetic)

more antiluetic (comparative)
most antiluetic (superlative)

(pharmacology) Countering lues (syphilis).


antiluetic

(pharmacology) Any drug that counters lues (syphilis).


antibilious

(pharmacology) Countering liver disorder.


anticonvulsive

(pharmacology) Acting against or serving to prevent convulsions.

anticonvulsivo

acting against or serving to prevent convulsions


proof spirit

en-noun

proof spirit (countable and uncountable, plural proof spirits)

A mixture of alcohol and water used as a standard for distilled drinks.


goldwasser

The monastic shoots spread as far as Poland where they founded Gdansk, the home of goldwasser, and Cracow, the Lyon of Polish gastronomy.

2002, Léo Moulin, Eating and drinking in Europe: a cultural history, page 268:

A Polish liqueur containing particles of gold leaf.


entacapone

Probably from German ent(gegen) (“E-configuration”) + -a- + -capone (“catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitor”).

af

(pharmacology) A drug C₁₄H₁₅N₃O₅ that inhibits the breakdown of ʟ-dopa and is used in conjunction with ʟ-dopa and carbidopa in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. It is marketed under the trademark Comtan and when used in conjunction with carbidopa and L-dopa, under the trademark Stalevo.


febrifugal

(pharmacology) Acting against or preventing fever.


vodkatini

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-vodkatini.wav


mocktini

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-mocktini.wav

A LICENSE TO PARTY For high school graduates (and other groups), this is the year of Bond, and that theme (made politically correct for students, of course) is everywhere, from alcohol-free mocktinis to redesigned logos.

2007 May 3, Ralph Gardner Jr., “No Aston Martin, but a Limo Will Do”, in New York Times:

An alcohol-free drink resembling a martini cocktail.


aggregant

(medicine) Any drug that promotes the aggregation of platelets.


desmoteplase

From desmo- + -teplase (“tissue-type plasminogen activator”).

The Danish drug group H. Lundbeck has a deal with Paion to market desmoteplase in countries outside the United States and Canada, where Forest has the rights.

2007 June 1, Reuters, “Experimental Stroke Drug Fails Late-Stage Trial”, in New York Times:

(pharmacology) A chemical found in the saliva of vampire bats that catalyzes the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin, used as a thrombolytic.


d. in p. aeq.

From Latin dīvidātur in partēs aequālēs (“let it be divided into equal parts”).

uder

(pharmacology, in prescriptions) Let it be divided into equal parts.


dideoxycytidine

(pharmacology) Alternative form of zalcitabine.


pyridostigmine

From pyrid(ine) + -o- + -stigmine (“acetylcholinesterase inhibitor”).

af

(pharmacology) A parasympathomimetic and reversible cholinesterase inhibitor, used to treat muscle weakness and to combat the effects of curariform drug toxicity.


Xan

A diminutive of the male given name Alexander.

A diminutive of the female given name Alexandra.


Xan

Hmmmm...I don't know about the combo...I've never tried that...but I love Xans and Valiums...well until I OD'd on Valiums and almost died...now I'm afraid of all pills...

1998 December 5, ChaosLiz [username], “Re: Xanax+Valium?”, in alt.drugs (Usenet):

Upstairs I got Xans in an Advil bottle, I don't take them shits

2014, "Tuesday", ILoveMakonnen featuring Drake, ILoveMakonnen

Georgia State senior, Damian Phillips thinks "I've been prescribed Xans because I actually need them for stress and anxiety. Recreational use is all hype and something that people are doing to seem cool."

2015, Jack Lester, "Xanax: Beyond The Pharmacy", The Collegian (Georgia Perimeter College), Volume 31, Number 8, page 3


lasalocid

From [Term?] + -sal- (“salicylic acid derivative”).

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A particular antibacterial agent and coccidiostat.


antileprotic

(pharmacology) A drug used to treat leprosy.


compotator

From Old French compotateur, from Late Latin compōtātōr, compōtātōrem, from Latin com-, alternative form of con- (“with”) (equivalent to English com- or con-) + pōtātor (“drinker”), from pōtare (“to drink”).

I shall yet think it a diminution to our happiness, to miss of half our companions and compotators of syllabub, not to have Mr. Newsham and his dogs, and his preceptors, and his dearly-beloved cousin, and his mathematics, and his Greek, and his horses.

1731 August 23, Alexander Pope, William Roscoe, “Letter VIII. To John Knight, Esq.”, in The Works of Alexander Pope, Esq. […], volume IX, London: […] C[harles] and J[ohn] Rivington [et al.], published 1824, →OCLC, page 438:

[…] Charles Denniſon, who deſires to be remembered to you, would be rejoiced to ſee his old compotator; but as I am now ſtationary, I expect regular anſwers to the epiſtles of, yours invariably, Matt. Bramble.

1771, [Tobias Smollett], “To Dr. Lewis”, in The Expedition of Humphry Clinker […], volume III, London: […] W. Johnston, […]; and B. Collins, […], →OCLC, page 225:

Our modern Bacchanalians, whose feats are recorded by the bottle, and who insist on an equality in their rival combats, will find some ingenuity in the invention among our ancestors of their Peg-tankards, of which a few many occasionally still be found in Derbyshire: / 'They have in the inside a row of eight pins one above another, from top to bottom; […] The first person that drank was to empty the tankard to the first peg, or pin; the second was to empty to the next pin, &c. by which means the pins were so many measures to the compotators, making them all drink alike, or the same quantity; and as the distance of the pins was such as to contain a large draught of liquor, the company would be very liable by this method to get drunk, especially when, if they drank short of the pin, or beyond it, they were obliged to drink again.[…]'

1810 November, Ralph Griffiths, George Edward Griffiths, “Art X. Anonymiana; or Ten Centuries of Observations on various Authors and Subjects. Compiled by a late very learned and reverend Divine; and faithfully published from the original MS. with the Addition of a copious Index. 8vo. pp. 527. 12s. Boards. Longman and Co. 1809.”, in The Monthly Review; or Literary Journal, Enlarged, volume LXIII, London: […] Becket and Porter, […], →OCLC, page 308:

[T]he hospitable anchorite […] dispatches an assistant to fetch a pot of four gallons from a secret corner near his bed, and the whole three set in to serious drinking. This amusement is superintended by the Friar, according to the recurrence of certain fustian words, to be repeated by every compotator in turn before he drank—a species of High Jinks, as it were, by which they regulated their potations, as toasts were given in latter times.

1820, Walter Scott, “Introduction to Ivanhoe”, in Ivanhoe: A Romance, Edinburgh: Printed for Archibald Constable and Co. Edinburgh; and Hurst, Robinson, and Co. 90, Cheapside, London, OCLC 5663356; republished as Ivanhoe; a Romance. … In Two Volumes (Waverley Novels; 15), volume I, Parker's edition, Boston, Mass.: Samuel H[ale] Parker, 164 Washington-Street, 1831, OCLC 191248655, page xi

Many of my readers will recollect the memorable night, on which William Pitt and his ingenious friend and jovial compotator, Harry Dundas, went into the House of Commons, in a condition usually described by the phrase "of being half seas over."

1830, Richard Warner, “chapter XIII”, in Literary Recollections, volume II, London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green, →OCLC, footnote, page 6:

"Admirable as this ode is," says a quaint, old annotator, "I am resolved not to touch it. True I was once enamoured of Sappho, but the reprobate, and her compotator (Anacreon) having well-nigh ruined me, expect not here a syllable in even seeming commendation of either her or her works, than which, in Greece, nothing was deemed more elegant, spirited, or graceful." So moralizes Tanaquillurs Faber; with a pertinence for which, we fear, he is indebted much less to Sappho and her imaginary compotator, than to the Cyprus wherewith he was wont, both as a classic and a lover, to enliven the tedium of his erudite vigils.

1856 July, G. Hill, “Traces of Sappho, the poetess”, in Graham’s Illustrated Magazine of Literature, Romance, Art, and Fashion, volume XLIX, number 1, Philadelphia, Pa.: Watson & Co., publishers, →OCLC, page 71, column 1:

One who drinks (alcoholic beverages) with another; a fellow drinker.