batu

methamphetamine hydrochloride
methamphetamine hydrochloride

(Hawaii, colloquial) The drug methamphetamine hydrochloride, crystal meth.


tart

→ Cantonese: 撻／挞 (taat¹)

From Middle English tart, tarte, from Old French tarte, tartre (“flat pastry”) (compare Medieval Latin tarta), of unknown origin. Perhaps an alteration of Old French torte, tourte, from Latin turta, perhaps from tŏrta f (“twisted”), in which case it would be cognate to torta.

unk

unknown

A melt (block of wax for use in a tart burner).


adelantadillo

en-noun

adelantadillo (countable and uncountable, plural adelantadillos)

From Spanish adelantadillo, diminutive of adelantado (“early; not yet ready”).

A Spanish red wine made of the first ripe grapes.


grappa

grappa (countable and uncountable, plural grappas)

Borrowed from Italian grappa. Doublet of grape.

(uncountable) An Italian grape-based spirit of between 80 and 100 proof, made from the distillation of pomace.


dross

dross (usually uncountable, plural drosses)

From Middle English drosse, dros, from Old English drōs, from Proto-Germanic *drōhs (“dregs, sediment”).
Also compare Old English drōsna, drōsne (“a ground, sediment, lees, dregs, dirt, ear wax”), from Proto-Germanic *drōhsnǭ, *drōhsnō (“dregs, sediment”), derived from *drōhs. Alternatively, this may be from *dragjō + *-snō (“yeast, sediment”; compare *dragjō (“yeast”)), as if from *drēcg + -sn.
Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrā́ks (“sediment, yeast”).
Cognate with Scots dros, drose, drosse (“small particles, fragments, dross”), Middle Dutch droes (“dregs”), Dutch droesem (“dregs”), German Drusen (“lees, dregs”), Latin fracēs (“grounds or dregs of oil”). Related also to drast, dregs.

gloss

“yeast, sediment”; compare <i class="Latn mention" lang="gem-pro">*dragjō</i> (“yeast”)

cog

Residue that forms as a scum on the surface of molten metal from oxidation.

шлака

Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal

What thou lovest well remains,
 the rest is dross

(figurative) Worthless or trivial matter.

(slang) Residual raw opium left in an opium pipe which can be recycled for further sale or use.


qat

Alternative form of khat, a psychoactive stimulant obtained from the plant Catha edulis.


khat

en-noun

khat (countable and uncountable, plural khats)

They are chewing on khat, a small serrated, bitter leaf with remarkable stimulative properties. […] One of the great things about khat[…] is that after a good chew you need to do something—walking, running, chopping wood, vigorously reciting a poem, throwing a grenade, anything that requires boldness and physical initiative.

1967 July 9, Lawrence Fellows, “East Africa Turns On With Khat”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

Of course he was an amateur of quat – hashish – which delighted the cops.

1974, Lawrence Durrell, Monsieur, Faber & Faber, published 1992, page 31:

‘And skinny Arab beggars who chew qat all day long to kill their appetites and get high on the weed.’

2004, Khushwant Singh, Burial at Sea, Penguin, published 2014, page 25:

Habitually munching on narcotic leaves of khat, they are easy enough to spot, their gleaming Toyota four-wheel-drives slicing paths around beaten-up wheelbarrows and pushcarts.

2011 May 24, Jay Bahadur, “Somali pirate: 'We're not murderers… we just attack ships'”, in the Guardian:

A shrub, Catha edulis, whose leaves are used as a mild stimulant when chewed or brewed as tea; also a drug produced from this plant.


unctuous

en-adj

unctuous (comparative more unctuous, superlative most unctuous)

more unctuous (comparative)
most unctuous (superlative)

/ˈʌŋ(k)t͡ʃʊəs/

From Late Middle English unctuous [and other forms], borrowed from Medieval Latin ūnctuōsus (“greasy, oily, unctuous”), from Latin ūnctum (“ointment; rich banquet; rich savoury dish”) + -ōsus (suffix meaning ‘full of; overly’ forming adjectives from nouns). Ūnctum is a noun use of the perfect passive participle of unguō (“to anoint; to smear with oil, to grease or oil”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃engʷ- (“to anoint; to smear”).
cognates
* Italian untuoso
* Old French onctües, unctueus, unctuose (modern French onctueux)
* Portuguese unctuoso
* Spanish untuoso

nb...

unctouus, unctuos, unctuose, unctuouse, unctuus, ungtuous

мазен

of a person: profusely polite, especially in an insincerely earnest and unpleasant manner

"No bankers' books, or cheque books, or bill, or such tokens of wealth rolling in from day to day?" said old Sol, looking wistfully at his nephew out of the fog that always seemed to hang about him, and laying an unctuous emphasis upon the words.

1846 October 1 – 1848 April 1, Charles Dickens, “In which Some More First Appearances are Made on the Stage of These Adventures”, in Dombey and Son, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1848, →OCLC, page 27:

Then he thoroughly disliked the tone of Mr. Slope's letter; it was unctuous, false, and unwholesome, like the man.

1857, Anthony Trollope, “Mrs. Bold is Entertained by Dr. and Mrs. Grantly at Plumstead”, in Barchester Towers. […], copyright edition, volume II, Leipzig: Bernhard Tauchnitz, published 1859, →OCLC, page 23:

In superior circles, however, introduction becomes more elaborate, more flattering, more unctuous.

1919, Stephen Leacock, “The Art of Conversation”, in The Hohenzollerns in America and Other Impossibilities, London: John Lane, The Bodley Head; New York, N.Y.: John Lane Company, →OCLC, section I (How to Introduce Two People to One Another), page 172:

General Peckem roused himself after a moment with an unctuous and benignant smile.

1961 November 10, Joseph Heller, “Doc Daneeka”, in Catch-22 […], New York, N.Y.: Simon and Schuster, →OCLC, page 32:

Profusely polite, especially in an insincere and unpleasant manner.

օծ

of a liquid, etc.: having the nature or properties of an unguent or ointment — see also oily, greasy


adjuvant

From Latin adiuvāns, present participle of adiuvāre (“to help”), from ad (“to”) + iuvāre (“to help”).

(pharmacology) An additive (as in a drug) that aids or modifies the action of the principal ingredient. [from 19th c.]

adjuvans

pharmacology: additive that aids or modifies the action of the principal ingredient


attenuation

en-noun

attenuation (countable and uncountable, plural attenuations)

From Middle English attenuacioun, a borrowing from Latin attenuātiō (“a diminishing”). Equivalent to attenuate + -ion.

(brewing) The proportion of sugar that is converted to ethanol by a yeast.


narco-state

With the collapse of the government, there is a real danger the country will become a narco-state.

A state whose economy depends heavily on narcotics and other drugs.


booze

booze (countable and uncountable, plural boozes)

The glutton castaway, the drunkard in the desert, the lecher in prison, they are the happy ones. To hunger, thirst, lust, every day afresh and every day in vain, after the old prog, the old booze, the old whores, that's the nearest we'll ever get to felicity, the new porch and the very latest garden.

1953, Samuel Beckett, Watt, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Grove Press, published 1959, →OCLC:

She got caught between the shadows and the booze
And she surely did know how to have the blues

1995, Al Stewart, "Marion the Chatelaine" on Between the Wars

(colloquial, uncountable) Any alcoholic beverage (especially beer or hard liquor).


dopamine

dopamine (countable and uncountable, plural dopamines)

“The short-term, dopamine-driven feedback loops that we have created are destroying how society works: no civil discourse, no cooperation, misinformation, mistruth. And it’s not an American problem. This is not about Russian ads. This is a global problem.”

2017 December 12, Amy B Wang, “Former Facebook VP says social media is destroying society with ‘dopamine-driven feedback loops’”, in Washington Post:

(biochemistry, pharmacology) A monoamine C₈H₁₁NO₂ that is a decarboxylated form of dopa, present in the body as a neurotransmitter and a precursor of other substances including adrenalin.


piccolo

Western concert flute
Western concert flute

A transverse flute that is smaller than a Western concert flute and pitched nearly an octave higher.


emetic

en-adj

emetic (comparative more emetic, superlative most emetic)

more emetic (comparative)
most emetic (superlative)

From French émétique, from Vulgar Latin *emeticus, from Ancient Greek ἐμετικός (emetikós), from ἔμετος (émetos, “vomit”); by surface analysis, em(esis) + -etic.

(pharmacology) Causing nausea and vomiting.


emetic

As Jan McTavish notes, when the physician diagnosed the headache's origins in the digestive system, particularly constipation, the antidote might entail cathartics (substances that accelerate defecation) or emetics (inducers of vomiting) and other regulators of the digestive process.

2022, Seth Garfield, Guaraná […] , Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, →ISBN:

(pharmacology) An agent that induces vomiting.


moonshine

en-noun

moonshine (countable and uncountable, plural moonshines)

From Middle English mone schyne, mone-schyne, moone shone; equivalent to moon + shine. Illegally distilled liquor is so named because its manufacture may be conducted without artificial light at night. The verb sense is a back-formation from moonshiner.

They watered down the moonshine.

“Wish I'd been more polite to that girl,” the sheriff remarked regretfully. […] I know she’d have give me another drink of that old moonshine she has.”

1920, Peter B. Kyne, chapter IV, in The Understanding Heart:

My great grandpa was a blues lover / He'd be rockin' his moonshine to B.B. King and Jimmy Reed

1974, Betty Davis (lyrics and music), “They Say I'm Different”, performed by Betty Davis:

(informal) High-proof alcohol (especially whiskey) that is often, but not always, produced illegally.


barbie

Clipping of barbiturate + -ie (diminutive suffix).

“At nights,” she says, “we were both in our own little worlds, him with his alcohol and me with my barbies.”

1971, The Bulletin, volume 93, numbers 4762–4774, page 35:

Then one day the King said, / Jules, you're grounded. / Absolutely grounded. / This is it. So Jules took / barbies, you know, barbiturates, / and he stayed down. Way down. / Grounded like his father said.

1989, The Pembroke Magazine, volumes 21–23, page 162:


snakebite and black

snakebite and black (usually uncountable, plural snakebite and blacks)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-snakebite and black.wav

A drink made by accenting a snakebite (hard cider and lager) with a dash of blackcurrant syrup or crème de cassis.


shrub

shrub (countable and uncountable, plural shrubs)

From Arabic شِرَاب (širāb, “a drink, beverage”), شَرِبَ (šariba, “to drink”), akin to syrup, sherbet, and sorbet.

der

A liquor composed of vegetable acid, fruit juice (especially lemon), sugar, sometimes vinegar, and a small amount of spirit as a preservative. Modern shrub is usually non-alcoholic, but in earlier times it was often mixed with a substantial amount of spirit such as brandy or rum, thus making it a liqueur.


pomace

en-noun

pomace (countable and uncountable, plural pomaces)

[Alt: Red grape flesh and seeds]
From Late Middle English pomis, pomys (“cider; pulp of plants pressed to extract their juice or oil”), probably from Medieval Latin pōmācium, pōmātium (“cider”), possibly a variant of pomaceum (although first attested later), from Latin pōmum (“fruit; fruit tree”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó (“away; off”) + *h₁em- (“to take”), in the sense of something taken off a tree) + -āceum (neuter form of -āceus (suffix meaning ‘belonging to; having the nature of’, forming adjectives)). Doublet of pomade, pomate, and pomatum.
Sense 1.1 (“crushed apples”) and sense 1.2 (“residue from grapes”) were possibly influenced by Middle French pommage (“(cidermaking) apple harvest; apple orchards”) and French poma, pomas, pomat (“residue from apples”) (Northern France).

bërsi

Sovv, as yet, Pomace of Cider-preſſings to raiſe Nurſeries; and ſet all ſorts of Kernels, Stones, &c.

1664, J[ohn] E[velyn], “Kalendarium Hortense: Or, The Gard’ners Almanac; […] [December.]”, in Sylva, or A Discourse of Forest-trees and the Propagation of Timber in His Majesties Dominions. […], London: […] Jo[hn] Martyn, and Ja[mes] Allestry, printers to the Royal Society, […], →OCLC, page 80:

Next to the VVhite is the Black Thorne and the Crab, vvhich make a very good Fence, and is raiſed as the VVhite Thorne, only if you ſovv the Pummace vvith them, they vvill come up the firſt Year.

1708, J[ohn] Mortimer, “Of Inclosing of Land”, in The Whole Art of Husbandry; or, The Way of Managing and Improving of Land. […], 2nd edition, London: […] J[ohn] H[umphreys] for H[enry] Mortlock […], and J[onathan] Robinson […], →OCLC, book I, page 3:

The pulp or pulplike matter remaining from a substance pressed to extract its juice or oil.

(historical) Such residue (especially castor bean cake or fish scrap) used as fertilizer.


placebo effect

(pharmacology) The tendency of any medication or treatment, even an inert or ineffective one, to exhibit results simply because the recipient believes that it will work.

placebo-effect

tendency for a substance to exhibit results due to belief of the recipient


antitussive

Coordinate term: protussive

(pharmacology) A cough suppressant or a drug that inhibits coughing.

antitusikum

a cough suppressant or a drug that inhibits coughing


antitussive

en-adj

antitussive (comparative more antitussive, superlative most antitussive)

more antitussive (comparative)
most antitussive (superlative)

Coordinate term: protussive

(pharmacology) Having cough suppressant abilities.


saké

en-noun

saké (countable and uncountable, plural sakés)

Borrowed from Japanese 酒 (sake, “rice wine”), where the final e is accented to indicate that it is pronounced where it would usually remain silent in other senses of sake, as well as to differentiate it. Likely influenced by French saké.

bor+

(alcoholic beverages) Rice wine; a drink made from filtered fermented rice.


bioaccumulate

en-verb

bioaccumulate (third-person singular simple present bioaccumulates, present participle bioaccumulating, simple past and past participle bioaccumulated)

bioaccumulates (present singular third-person)
bioaccumulating (participle present)
bioaccumulated (participle past)
bioaccumulated (past)

(often of a toxin) To accumulate in a biological system over time.


shiner

From Middle English schyner, equivalent to shine + -er. Compare Old English sċīnere (“one who produces deceptive appearances, magician”).

cog

Shiners are a big part of the wine business. […] Shiners are finished, bottled wines that don’t have a label or typically any other identifying feature until a vintner purchases them and then places a label on the bottles. […] They’re called shiners because they are unlabeled and have a “shiny” appearance.

2008, James Laube, “Shiners Are a Secret Part of the Wine Business”, in Wine Spectator:

(wine) A bottle of finished wine, without a label.


car bomb

An alcoholic beverage made by dropping a shot of liquor into a glass of beer.


liqueur

en-noun

liqueur (countable and uncountable, plural liqueurs)

Unadapted borrowing from French liqueur. Doublet of liquor.

A flavored alcoholic beverage that is usually very sweet and contains a high percentage of alcohol.


heroin

heroin (countable and uncountable, plural heroins)

Since the 1890s, from German Heroin, originally a trademark, from Ancient Greek ἥρως (hḗrōs, “hero”) and the suffix -in (“-ine”). Said to have been called thus to evoke quick and sweeping effect as a painkiller and cough suppressant (its original uses). Alternatively explained as a reference to the heroic school of medicine.

Wow, that heroin is in my blood / And the blood is in my head / Yeah, thank God that I'm good as dead / Ooohhh, thank your God that I'm not aware / And thank God that I just don't care / And I guess I just don't know

1967, “Heroin”, in Lou Reed (music), The Velvet Underground & Nico, performed by The Velvet Underground:

I saw a real strange, weird object / Standing up talking to the people / And I found out it was heroin / That deadly drug that go in your veins

1972, “King Heroin”, in Manny Rosen (lyrics), There It Is, performed by James Brown:

2009: Stuart Heritage, Hecklerspray, Friday the 22ⁿᵈ of May in 2009 at 1 o’clock p.m., “Jon & Kate Latest: People You Don’t Know Do Crap You Don’t Care About”
The reason why Jon & Kate Plus 8 is such a hot topic is because it might all be a sham. It’s been claimed that Jon has a string of mistresses, that Kate had an affair with her bodyguard and that Baby Number Six is actually a shaved Ewok with a catastrophic heroin addiction. Or something.

Yeah, it does, though, it does. Heroin works basically everywhere because it’s heroin. It’s not a cellphone. Heroin has full coverage.

2016, Tim Carvell [et al.], “Opiods”, in Last Week Tonight with John Oliver, season 3, episode 27, John Oliver (actor), Warner Bros. Television, via HBO:

Okay, wel-, I’ll tell you where it stops: somewhere! Anytime someone asks, “Where does it stop?”, the answer is always fucking somewhere! You might let your kid have Twizzlers, but not inject black tar heroin! You d-You don’t just go, “Well, after the Twizzlers, where does it stop?”!

2017, Tim Carvell [et al.], “Confederacy”, in Last Week Tonight with John Oliver, season 4, episode 26, John Oliver (actor), Warner Bros. Television, via HBO:

That’s because the second thing to know about Games Workshop is, as Gillen says, that Warhammer was what middle-class nerds did instead of heroin. It was just as expensive, and probably no better for your social life.

2019 January 21, Alex Hern, “‘Heroin for middle-class nerds’: how Warhammer conquered gaming”, in Katharine Viner, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC:

A powerful and addictive drug derived from opium producing intense euphoria, classed as an illegal narcotic in most of the world.


dealer

From Middle English delare, from Old English dǣlere, from Proto-West Germanic [Term?]. By surface analysis, deal + -er. Cognate with Saterland Frisian Deeler, West Frisian dieler, Dutch deler, German Teiler, Swedish delare.

That used car dealer gave me a great deal on my 1962 rusted-out Volkswagen bug!

One who deals in goods, especially automobiles; a middleman.

تَاجِر

one who deals in things, e.g. automobiles

It's true that all the men you knew were dealers
 Who said they were through with dealing

1967, Leonard Cohen (lyrics and music), “The Stranger Song”, in Songs of Leonard Cohen:

A drug dealer, one who peddles illicit drugs.

Dealt a decisive blow, Newman himself becomes a vengeful dealer of blows, perpetuating the repetitive cycle of repression and eruption […]

2018, Kate Stanley, Practices of Surprise in American Literature after Emerson, page 90:


unofficial

en-adj

unofficial (comparative more unofficial, superlative most unofficial)

more unofficial (comparative)
most unofficial (superlative)

(pharmacology) Not listed in a national pharmacopeia etc.


noble

noble (comparative nobler or more noble, superlative noblest or most noble)

nobler (comparative)
more noble (comparative)
noblest (superlative)
most noble (superlative)

From Middle English, from Old French noble, from Latin nōbilis (“knowable, known, well-known, famous, celebrated, high-born, of noble birth, excellent”), from nōscere, gnōscere (“to know”).
False cognate of Arabic نبيل (nabīl). Displaced native Middle English athel, from Old English æþele.

der

(winemaking) Belonging to a class of grape cultivars traditionally considered most favorable for winemaking, usually encompassing the six: Merlot, Pinot Noir, Cabernet Sauvignon, Sauvignon blanc, Chardonnay, and Riesling.


magnum

From Latin magnum, neuter of magnus (“great”).
* (bottle): Ellipsis of magnum bonum.
* (handgun): Name registered 1935 by Smith & Wesson Inc., of Springfield, Massachusetts.

So please don’t ask me when / There may be wine and roses / And magnums of champagne

2014, Leonard Cohen (lyrics and music), “A Street”, in Popular Problems:

A bottle containing 1.5 liters of fluid, double the volume of a standard wine bottle.

(firearms) A powerful firearm cartridge, often derived from a shorter, less powerful cartridge calibre that uses the same bullet.

I know what you're thinking. "Did he fire six shots or only five?" Well, to tell you the truth, in all this excitement, I've kinda lost track myself. But, being as this is a .44 magnum, the most powerful handgun in the world, and would blow your head clean off, you've got to ask yourself one question: "Do I feel lucky?" Well, do ya, punk?

1971, Harry Julian Fink et al., Dirty Harry, spoken by Harry Callahan (Clint Eastwood):

(by extension) A handgun that fires a cartridge of this calibre; chiefly a revolver, but rarely an autoloader firing an unusually powerful calibre.


ecky

en-noun

ecky (countable and uncountable, plural eckies)

Afterwards, Tom wanted to drive home. Francoise said he was in no state to. Tom said that he always drove home from clubs, and that the ecky wouldn't impair his driving.

1997, Barry Graham, Before: A Novel, page 45:

Penman and I have taken half an ecky each, but mair coke would be sound.

2008, Irvine Welsh, The Acid House, →ISBN:

We give you the ecky or skunk and tell you who to get it to.You get paid by them.

2014, Murray C. Morison, Time Sphere, →ISBN:


slammer

Margaret was also, by her own admission, a determined slammer of doors.

1989, Jane Howard, Margaret Mead: A Life, page 27:

The basic modern 'Pog' game is played thus. Each child tosses a pog into the arena, face-up or face-down, as agreed. Each player in turn takes his slammer and pitches it hard onto the accumulated pile of pogs.

1997, Iona Archibald Opie, Peter Opie, Children's Games with Things, page 120:

In the game of Pogs, the heavier piece used to strike the stack of counters.

I was in Britain, wanting to take a train to Portsmouth, and I only needed a one-way ticket. I did love the English trains; we still had slammers then. A slammer is a train where you got to slam the door shut yourself.

2009, Claude Lambert, On Pets and Men, page 33:


poteen

poteen (countable and uncountable, plural poteens)

From Irish poitín (“little pot; poteen”), from pota (“pot”) (from Middle English potte, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *budn- (“type of vessel”)) + -ín (diminutive suffix).

der

The Irish peasantry practice the distillation of that illicit spirituous liquor, so well known by the name of poteen whiskey, with a most unaccountable infatuation.

1835 September 13, J. L. L., “The Poteen Still. A Tale Founded on Fact.”, in Philip Dixon Hardy, editor, The Dublin Penny Journal, volume III, number 115, Dublin: Printed and published by P. D. Hardy, 3, Cecilia Street, →OCLC, page 85, column 1:

[A] detachment, consisting of a subaltern’s party, was on its road to Head Quarters, from a still hunting in the mountains, or hostile excursion after contrabandists, or distillers of that delicious fluid, Potheen whiskey, […] It is related that when he [George IV of the United Kingdom] had drained the first glass that was presented to him, he declared that he could now understand why the Irish peasantry were willing to risk life and liberty in its illegal production—it was the real elixir vitæ—the only stuff fit to fuddle a prince with—royal in its flavor, royal in its odor, and super-royal in its effects! That Poteen!

1843 May 6, “a New Orleans Irishman”, “An Irish Race Course”, in Brother Jonathan, volume V, number 1, New York, N.Y.: Wilson & Company, publishers; office 162 Nassau Street, →OCLC, page 26, column 1:

Last night he had put down too much Potheen / (A vulgar blend of Methyl and Benzene) / That, at some Wake, he might the better keen. / (Keen—meaning ‘brisk’? Nay, here the Language warps: / ’Tis singing bawdy Ballads to a Corpse.)

20th century, Stuart Howard-Jones (1904–1974), “Hibernia”, in Kingsley Amis, comp., The New Oxford Book of English Light Verse, New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, 1978, page 243

“Make haste now and go up and tell your mother to hide the poteen”—his mother used to sell poteen—“for I’m after seeing the biggest party of peelers and yeomanry passing by on the rocks was ever seen on the island.”

1907, J[ohn] M[illington] Synge, “Part IV”, in The Aran Islands, Dublin: Maunsel & Co., Ltd; London: Elkin Mathews, →OCLC, page 152:

Past the split tree three-quarters of the way in, where a man has tucked a small bottle of Rot under the bark for his workmate to collect as he passes. Such narcotics and poteens are illegal in the encampment, and cannot be risked passing within the huts.

2002, Sarah Hall, Haweswater, London: Faber and Faber, →ISBN; paperback edition, London: Faber and Faber, 2003, →ISBN, page 240:

He began to rove the country at night, trudging out to shebeens or crossroads dances, to the ceilidhs and poteen sessions that sometimes followed Fair Days in the small towns of Connemara.

2002, Joseph O'Connor, “The Ballad-maker”, in Star of the Sea: Farewell to Old Ireland, London: Secker & Warburg, →ISBN; Star of the Sea (Harvest Book), 1st U.S. edition, Orlando, Fla.: Harcourt, 2003, →ISBN, page 88:

(Ireland, countable, uncountable) Illegally produced Irish whiskey; moonshine.

Kildrumferton … Pop. 9,687 […] There are nine licensed public houses; poteens many more. Illicit distillation prevails to a very great extent, the district being rarely visited by the revenue police, not indeed for years past; the presence of the excise officer in a neighbouring town is the only check.

1836, “Supplement to Appendix (E.): Answers to Questions Circulated by the Commissioners Relative to the Condition of Agricultural Labourers in Ireland”, in Poor Inquiry (Ireland). Appendix (E.) Containing Baronial Examinations Relative to Food, Cottages and Cabins, Clothing and Furniture, Pawnbroking and Savings’ Banks, Drinking; and Supplement, Containing Answers to Questions 13 to 22 Circulated by the Commissioners. Presented to Both Houses of Parliament by Command of His Majesty (Reports from Commissioners: Fifteen Volumes; 11 (Poor Laws (Ireland): Appendix (E.): Session 4 February – 20 August 1836)), volume XXXII, London: Printed by W[illiam] Clowes and Sons, Stamford Street, for His Majesty’s Stationery Office, →OCLC, ULSTER—County Cavan—Baronies Castleraghan, Loughtee Upper [table], page 294:

The whisky shops and poteens of Scotland and Ireland, the gin-palaces and beer-shops of England, are an incubus that is dwarfing the good in every section of the community, and forcing out the evil.

[1875], M[ary] A[nna] Paull, “The Tenpenny Nail”, in St. Mungo’s Curse; or, The Crippled Singer of the Saltmarket, Manchester: Tubbs and Brook, 11, Market Street; London: Simpkin, Marshall & Co.; F. Pitman, →OCLC, page 11:

(Ireland, countable, by extension) An unlicensed drinking establishment selling illegally produced Irish whiskey.


(toxicology) The amount of a substance required to kill half of a given population; a measure of toxicity.


Nebuchadnezzar

/ˌnɛbəkəˈnɛzɚ/

Learned borrowing from Biblical Hebrew נְבוּכַדְנֶאצַּר (Nəḇûḵaḏneʾṣṣár), a corruption of earlier נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּר (Nəḇûḵaḏreʾṣṣár), from Akkadian 𒀭𒀝𒃻𒁺𒋀 (Nabû-kudurrī-uṣur, “Nabu protect my boundary/heir”).

lbor

נְבוּכַדְנֶאצַּר

Nəḇûḵaḏneʾṣṣár

der

A ruler of Babylon in the Chaldean Dynasty who reigned c. 605 B.C.E. – 562 B.C.E.. According to the Bible, he conquered Judah and Jerusalem, and sent the Israelites into exile.


Nebuchadnezzar

/ˌnɛbəkəˈnɛzɚ/

lbor

נְבוּכַדְנֶאצַּר

Nəḇûḵaḏneʾṣṣár

A very large wine bottle (named after the King) with the capacity of about 15 liters, equivalent to 20 standard bottles.


narcotic

From Middle English narcotyk, from Middle French narcotique (from Old French narcotique, noun use of adjective) and directly from Medieval Latin narcōticum, from Ancient Greek ναρκωτῐκόν (narkōtikón), neuter of ναρκωτῐκός (narkōtikós), from Ancient Greek ναρκόω (narkóō, “to benumb”), from νάρκη (nárkē, “numbness, torpor”).

der

"Real San Juan Colorado," he said. "Excitable people like you are the better for narcotics. Heavens! don't bite it! Cut - and cut with reverence!"

1912, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Lost World […], London; New York, N.Y.: Hodder and Stoughton, →OCLC:

(pharmacology) Any substance or drug that reduces pain, induces sleep and may alter mood or behaviour; in some contexts, especially in reference to the opiates-and-opioids class, especially in reference to illegal drugs, and often both.


narcotic

en-adj

narcotic (comparative more narcotic, superlative most narcotic)

more narcotic (comparative)
most narcotic (superlative)

From Middle French narcotique or German narkotisch and directly from Medieval Latin narcōticus, from Ancient Greek ναρκωτῐκός (narkōtikós).

(pharmacology) Inducing sleep; causing narcosis.


cobbler

Uncertain; it has been suggested that the word derives from cobbler’s punch (“warm drink made of beer with added spirit, sugar, and spices”), or because the drink patches up (“repairs; makes better”) the drinker.

[H]e produced a very large tumbler, piled up to the brim with little blocks of clear transparent ice, through which one or two thin slices of lemon, and a golden liquid of delicious appearance, appeared from the still depths below, to the loving eye of the spectator. […] "This wonderful invention, sir," said Mark, tenderly patting the empty glass, "is called a cobbler. Sherry cobbler when you name it long; cobbler, when you name it short.[…]"

1842 December – 1844 July, Charles Dickens, “Martin Enlarges His Circle of Acquaintance; […]”, in The Life and Adventures of Martin Chuzzlewit, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1844, →OCLC, pages 223–224:

In the creed of Asirvadam the Brahmin, the drinker of strong drink is a Pariah, and the eater of cow's flesh is damned already. If, then, he can tell a cocktail from a cobbler, and scientifically discriminate between a julep and a gin-sling, it must be because the Vedas are unclasped to him; for in the Vedas all things are taught.

1858 June, “Asirvadam the Brahmin”, in The Atlantic Monthly. A Magazine of Literature, Art, and Politics, volume II, number VIII, Boston, Mass.: Phillips, Sampson and Company, […]; London: Trübner and Company, →OCLC, page 86, column 1:

It was very hot when Captain Littledale was here; he did nothing but drink sherry cobblers.

1878, Henry James, An International Episode:

(US, alcoholic beverages) An (iced) alcoholic drink containing spirit or wine, with lemon juice and sugar.


cyclopropane

en-noun

cyclopropane (countable and uncountable, plural cyclopropanes)

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) The simplest alicyclic hydrocarbon, C₃H₆, an inflammable gas, sometimes used as an anaesthetic.

cyclopropaan

the simplest alicyclic hydrocarbon, C3H6


external

en-adj

external (comparative more external, superlative most external)

more external (comparative)
most external (superlative)

From Late Middle English, from Medieval Latin externus (“outward, external”), from exter/exterus (“on the outside, outward”).

der

(pharmacology, relational) Relating to or denoting a medicine or similar substance for use on the outside of the body.


bloody mary

en-noun

bloody mary (plural bloody marys or bloody maries)

bloody marys (plural)
bloody maries (plural)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-bloody mary.wav

Worcestershire sauce
Worcestershire sauce

A cocktail made from vodka, tomato juice, and usually other spices or flavorings, such as Worcestershire sauce, Tabasco sauce, beef consommé or bouillon, horseradish, celery or celery salt, salt, black pepper, cayenne pepper, and lemon juice.

bloody-mary

cocktail made from vodka and tomato juice


blackjack

blackjack (countable and uncountable, plural blackjacks)

→ Polish: blackjack

"Next!" steps gingerly in to confront the medical eye fastened questioningly upon him. "Crook in the guts," he says tersely. The picturesque reports of previously treated and disgusted patients - have left him doubtful, and he casts, an anathematising eye upon the "Black Jack" bottle. "Tabloids and duty!" says the doctor, and the sufferer sighs with relief.

1914 October 11, The Sunday Times, Perth, Australia, page 1, column 9:

I remember Black Jack very well and actually like the smell. It is no longer available with that trade name but glycerine of ichthammol can still be bought in chemists.

2010 October 19, John Davies, birminghamhistory.co.uk:

Used to be called Black Jack think my mom had an ancient jar in her medicine cupboard.

2008 September 19, stef240377, MoneySavingExpert.com:

(pharmacology, UK, Australia, rare) Ammonium bituminosulfonate.


papaverine

papaverine (countable and uncountable, plural papaverines)

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A nonaddictive derivative of opium used in medicine to relieve muscle spasms, as a vasodilator and in some forms of erectile dysfunction.


vasodilator

(biochemistry, organic chemistry, pharmacology) A drug or chemical agent that causes dilation of the blood vessels thereby reducing blood pressure.


codeine

codeine (countable and uncountable, plural codeines)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-codeine.wav

From French codéine, from Ancient Greek κώδεια (kṓdeia, “capsule of the poppy, poppy head”) + -ine.

af

(pharmacology) An addictive alkaloid narcotic derived from opium and used as a hypnotic, analgesic and antitussive; often mixed with aspirin etc.


morphine

en-noun

morphine (countable and uncountable, plural morphines)

Borrowed from French morphine or German Morphin, from Ancient Greek Μορφεύς (Morpheús, “the god and personification of dreams”).

der

(biochemistry, pharmacology) A crystalline alkaloid (7,8-didehydro-4,5-epoxy-17-methyl-morphinan-3,6-diol), extracted from opium, the salts of which are soluble in water and are used as analgesics, anaesthetics and sedatives; it is one of a group of morphine alkaloids.


atypical

atypical antipsychotic
atypical antipsychotic


opiate

From Middle English opiate, from Medieval Latin opiātus.

(pharmacology) Relating to, resembling, or containing opium.


opiate

(pharmacology) A drug, hormone or other substance derived from or related to opium.


margarita

/ˌmɑː.ɡəˈɹiː.tə/

/ˌmɑɹ.ɡəˈɹi.tə/

From Spanish margarita. Doublet of Margaret (and various forms, q.v.), margarite, Margherita, and marguerite.

doublet

A cocktail made with tequila, an orange-flavoured liqueur, and lemon or lime juice, often served with salt encrusted on the rim of the glass.

cocktail with tequila, orange liqueur, and lime


hypnotic

en-adj

hypnotic (comparative more hypnotic, superlative most hypnotic)

more hypnotic (comparative)
most hypnotic (superlative)

[hɪp̚ˈnɑ.ɾɪk̚]

From French hypnotique (“inclined to sleep, soporific”), from Late Latin hypnoticus, from Ancient Greek ὑπνωτικός (hupnōtikós, “inclined to sleep, putting to sleep, sleepy”), from ὑπνῶ (hupnô, “I put to sleep”), from ὕπνος (húpnos, “sleep”).

der

(pharmacology) Inducing sleep; soporific.


hypnotic

[hɪp̚ˈnɑ.ɾɪk̚]


junky

en-adj

junky (comparative junkier, superlative junkiest)

junkier (comparative)
junkiest (superlative)

We really need to clear out the junky basement.


junky

(slang, derogatory) Alternative spelling of junkie


hooch

en-noun

hooch (countable and uncountable, plural hooches)

Abbreviation of hoochinoo, name of a specific liquor, from Tlingit Xutsnoowú Ḵwáan, the group that produced it, from Hutsnuwu (“grizzly bear fort”), the name of the village on Admiralty Island in which they lived.

he was so grief-stricken that he literally drowned his sorrow in “hootch-i-noo,” the native equivalent of whiskey. […] Had he not been so sad he would not have drunk the “hootch,” and if he had not drunk the hootch he would not have died: a perfectly reasonable and logical argument.

c. 1910, O.M. Salisbury, chapter 3, in Quoth the raven: A little journey into the primitive, Seattle: Superior Publishing Company, published 1962, page 17:

Bring on the free hooch!

1997, Kevin Smith, Chasing Amy, spoken by Banky Edwards (Jason Lee):

(Canada, US, informal) An alcoholic beverage, especially an inferior or illicit one and especially liquor such as whisky.


junkie

→ German: Junkie

→ Spanish: yonqui

Rats in the front room, roaches in the back / Junkies in the alley with a baseball bat

1982, “The Message”, performed by Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five:

It's wiser to say no / God made me a junkie / But Satan told me so

2023, “Strung Out Johnny”, in Every Loser, performed by Iggy Pop:

(slang, derogatory) A narcotics addict, especially a heroin user.


ecstasy

ecstasy (countable and uncountable, plural ecstasies)

From Old French estaise (“ecstasy, rapture”), from Latin ecstasis, from Ancient Greek ἔκστασις (ékstasis), from ἐξίστημι (exístēmi, “I displace”), from ἐκ (ek, “out”) and ἵστημι (hístēmi, “I stand”).

(slang) The drug MDMA, a synthetic entactogen of the methylenedioxyphenethylamine family, especially in a tablet form.


snake oil

A type of 19th-century patent medicine sold in the United States that claimed to contain snake fat, supposedly a Native American remedy for various ailments.


molasses

From Portuguese melaços or Spanish melazos, from Late Latin mellacium (“must, honey-sweet thing”), from mel (“honey”) + -āceus (“-aceous”) + -ium, q.v. Some alternative forms derived or influenced by Spanish melaza and French mélasse, conjectured to derive from unattested Late Latin mellacea, from mel + -ācea.

der

Well, we had our breakfast of ship's bread and molasses, washed down with cannikins of something liquid - but not lovely.

1907 February 2, The Chronicle, Adelaide, page 50, column 2:

When you're well enough off so's you don't have to fret about anything but your heft or your diseases you begin to get queer, I suppose. And the queerer the cure for those ailings the bigger the attraction. A place like the Right Livers' Rest was bound to draw freaks, same as molasses draws flies.

1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter V, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y., London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:

A thick, sweet syrup drained from sugarcane, especially (Canada, US) the still thicker and sweeter syrup produced by boiling down raw molasses.

melasse

thick brownish syrup refined from sugarcane


neurotoxin

There were stretches of days when the lakes were closed because of the algae. It sometimes secreted neurotoxins that could be fatal.

2020, Brandon Taylor, Real Life, Daunt Books Originals, page 31:

(neuroscience, toxicology, pharmacology) A toxin that specifically acts upon neurons, their synapses, or the nervous system in its entirety.


tequila

en-noun

tequila (countable and uncountable, plural tequilas)

Borrowed from Mexican Spanish tequila, from Tequila, a town in Jalisco.

For a moment the bottle of tequila at the bottom of the garden gleamed on his soul, then the Consul stumbled into his bedroom.

1947, Malcolm Lowry, Under the Volcano, New York: Reynal & Hitchcock, page 149:

An alcoholic liquor distilled from the fermented juice of the Central American century plant Agave tequilana.


THC

thermohaline circulation
thermohaline circulation#English

Abbreviation of thermohaline circulation.


acetaminophen

Shortening of the chemical name para-acetylaminophenol. By surface analysis, acet- + amino- + -phen.

surf

You need to take acetaminophen / Or just a little aspirin / acetylsalicylic for the pain

1997, “The Druggist”, Joel Mabus (music):

(Canada, US) A white crystalline compound used in medicine as an anodyne to relieve pain and reduce fever.


stubbie

2006, Tom Conyers, Morse Code for Cats, 2008, Zeus Publications, Australia, page 59,
Joe drank his lone stubbie of light beer like it was poison – which isn′t far wrong.

Every time you throw your Coke can or your stubbie, or leave your McDonald′s wrapper on the beach, you spoil our beautiful pristine coastline.

2002, Patsy McCarthy, Caroline Hatcher, Presentation Skills: The Essential Guide for Students, Australia: Allen & Unwin, page 99:

The communal area is constantly cruisey, whether you′re slung low in a hammock or sipping your BYO stubbie in the cool, cushioned area with a frayed map in hand.

2009, Justine Vaisutis, Australia, Lonely Planet, page 384:

In PNG we would buy beer wholesale at around 10 cents per stubbie or can, and sell it to ourselves at 20 cents per stubbie or can.

2011, S. J. Waddell, Exploration Days: An a to Z of Ways of Dying in Mineral Exploration, Xlibris, page 76:

(Australia, New Zealand) A small beer bottle with a distinctive squat shape; a stubby.


tetrahydrocannabinol

en-noun

tetrahydrocannabinol (countable and uncountable, plural tetrahydrocannabinols)

While the agency hasn’t proposed changing its 2023 6.7 million-gram quota for marijuana for 2024, it is now calling for the manufacturing of 900,610 grams of delta-9 THC and 790,010 grams of all other tetrahydrocannabinol. That represents another increase after DEA already moved this week to nearly double the 2023 quota for delta-9 THC to 628,460 grams and called for 350,000 grams of other tetrahydrocannabinols.

2023 February 11, Kyle Jaeger, “DEA Wants Nearly 1 Million Grams Of Delta-9 THC Manufactured For Research Next Year In Latest Schedule I Quota Hike”, in Marijuana Moment:

(organic chemistry) The psychoactive substance present in cannabis, a hydrogenated derivative of cannabinol.


paracetamol

paracetamol (countable and uncountable, plural paracetamols)

(pharmacology) A synthetic compound used as a drug to relieve and reduce fever, usually taken in tablet form.


psychoactive

en-adj

psychoactive (comparative more psychoactive, superlative most psychoactive)

more psychoactive (comparative)
most psychoactive (superlative)

LSD and DMT are psychoactive drugs.

(pharmacology) Affecting the mind or mental processes.

въздействащ на психиката

pharmacology: affecting the mind or mental processes


psychoactive

LSD and DMT are psychoactives.

(pharmacology) Any drug that affects the mind or mental processes.


brandy

en-noun

brandy (countable and uncountable, plural brandies)

→ Abenaki: blandi

→ Basque: brandy

→ Cebuano: brandi

→ Chinese:

Cantonese: 拔蘭地／拔兰地 (bat⁶ laan⁴⁻¹ dei⁶⁻²), 白蘭地／白兰地 (baak⁶ laan⁴⁻¹ dei⁶⁻²)

Mandarin: 白蘭地／白兰地 (báilándì)

Min Nan: 物蘭池／物兰池 (bu̍t-lân-tî)

→ Czech: brandy

→ Danish: brandy

→ Dutch: brandy

→ Esperanto: brando

→ Estonian: brändi

→ Finnish: brandy

→ Galician: brandy

→ German: Brandy

→ Greek: μπράντι (bránti)

→ Hungarian: brandy

→ Icelandic: brandí

→ Irish: branda

→ Italian: brandy

→ Japanese: ブランデー (burandē)

→ Korean: 브랜디 (beuraendi)

→ Lower Sorbian: brandy

→ Norwegian: brandy

→ Occitan: brandy

→ Polish: brandy

desc

→ Portuguese: brande, (unadapted form) brandy

→ Romanian: brandy

desctree

→ Russian: бренди (brendi)
→ Armenian: բրենդի (brendi)

→ Scottish Gaelic: branndaidh

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бренди

Latin script: brendi

→ Spanish: brandy

→ Swahili: brandi

→ Swedish: brandy

→ Tagalog: brandi

→ Thai: บรั่นดี (bà-ràn-dii)

→ Turkish: brendi

→ Vietnamese: brandy, branđi

→ Welsh: brandi

Shortened form of brandywine, from Dutch brandewijn (“burnt wine”). Compare German Brantewein, Branntwein.

(uncountable) An alcoholic liquor distilled from wine or fermented fruit juice.


brandy

en-verb

brandy (third-person singular simple present brandies, present participle brandying, simple past and past participle brandied)

brandies (present singular third-person)
brandying (participle present)
brandied (participle past)
brandied (past)

(transitive) To preserve, flavour, or mix with brandy.

säilöä brandyyn

to preserve, flavour, or mix with brandy


anodyne

en-adj

anodyne (comparative more anodyne, superlative most anodyne)

more anodyne (comparative)
most anodyne (superlative)

From Middle English anodine, from Medieval Latin anōdynos (“stilling or relieving pain”), from Ancient Greek ἀνώδυνος (anṓdunos, “free from pain”), from ἀν- (an-, “without”) + ὀδύνη (odúnē, “pain”).
Adjective sense “noncontentious” probably through French anodin (“harmless, trivial”), of same origin.

der

Many a time has the vapor of ether been inhaled for the relief of oppressed lungs; many a time has the sought relief been thus obtained; and just so many times has the discovery of the wonderful anodyne properties of this gas, as affecting all bodily suffering, been brushed past and overlooked.

1847 June 12, Littell's Living Age, volume 13, number 161, page 483:

The citrate is the most efficient as an alkali, but irritates some stomachs, the liquor the most anodyne, the acetate the most diuretic.

1910, Edward L. Keyes, Diseases of the Genito-Urinary Organs, page 211:

(pharmacology) Capable of soothing or eliminating pain.


anodyne

(pharmacology) Any medicine or other agent that relieves pain.

болкоуспокояващо

any medicine or other agent that relieves pain


SAR

en-noun

SAR (countable and uncountable, plural SARs)

structure-activity relationship
structure-activity relationship#English

(pharmacology) Initialism of structure-activity relationship.


schooner

Attested ca. 1715, of uncertain origin. Said to be derived from dialectal scoon (“to skim over water”). Compare also shunt (“to cause to move (suddenly)”).

Boycott any pub that bans work clothes, allows customers to reserve tables or only sells beer in schooners. That is less a pub, more a private members’ club.

2018 June 6, Tony Naylor, “The new rules of pub etiquette: don't flirt with bar staff or steal the glasses”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:

(UK) A glass for drinking a large measure of sherry.

Foaming schooners of beer grew ever larger and more numerous as the crimson February suns went to their rest.

a. 1964, Arthur Upfield, “Fozen Pumps”, in Kees de Hoog, editor, Up and Down Australia: Short Stories Selected by Kees de Hoog, published 2008, page 67:

And needless to say, the Western Australia row will eventually be filled in as well, though not before drinking a schooner of the amber nectar in Perth.

2004, Ken Ewell, Voyages of Discovery: A Manly Adventure in the Lands Down Under, page 94:

For a true Adelaide experience, head for the bar and order a schooner of Coopers, the local brew, or a glass of SA′s impressive wine.

2009, Charles Rawlings-Way, Meg Worby, Lindsay Brown, Paul Harding, Central Australia: Adelaide to Darwin, Lonely Planet, page 59:

(Australia) A glass of beer, of a size which varies between states (Wikipedia).

(US) A large goblet or drinking glass, used for lager or ale (Wikipedia).


eggnog

eggnog (countable and uncountable, plural eggnogs)

American English c. 1775 (although drinks like it are attested far earlier, e.g. posset, of which a monastic Christmas recipe used eggs), from egg + nog.
The second element is uncertain and long-debated; prominent claims include Norfolk dialect nog (“strong ale”), or a clipping of noggin (“small, carved wooden mug used to serve alcohol”) (q.v.). Other hypotheses include a variant of grog (“rum-and-water cocktail”), and descent from Old Norse (compare wassail).

A beverage based on milk, eggs, sugar, and nutmeg; often made alcoholic with rum, brandy, or whisky; popular at Christmas.


session

→ Japanese: セッション (sesshon)

→ Korean: 세션 (sesyeon)

→ Scottish Gaelic: seisean

From Middle English session, from Old French session, from Latin sessiō (“a sitting”), from sedeō (“sit”).

(beer) An extended period of drinking, typically consuming beer with low alcohol content.


MLS

MLS (countable and uncountable, plural MLSs)

Coordinate term: MLSB

(pharmacology) Initialism of macrolide, lincosamide, and streptogramin.


louche

en-verb

louche (third-person singular simple present louches, present participle louching, simple past and past participle louched)

louches (present singular third-person)
louching (participle present)
louched (participle past)
louched (past)

Certain anise-flavored drinks have developed a mystique based on the exotic appearance of louching.

In distillation, the first few liters of absinthe to come out of the still are called the head; the last few liters are the tail. The head and tail don't have enough alcohol to keep the oils in suspension, so the absinthe comes out of the still louched.

2010, Paul Owens, Paul Nathan, Dave Herlong, The Little Green Book of Absinthe: An Essential Companion with Lore, Trivia, and Classic and Contemporary Cocktails, New York, N.Y.: Perigee Books, →ISBN:

I found a little corner to stand in and pretended to sip my own louched absinthe.

2012, Heather E. Hutsell, chapter 1, in Blood Mettle, [s.l.]: Fatty Baby Cat Publishing, →ISBN, page 2:

Ah, Mr. Sizemore, the green fairy is best prepared carefully and slowly to appreciate its full potential. Simply fill the fountain with iced water, place your glass of absinthe below the spigot with a single sugar cube placed over a slotted spoon and adjust the tap to your desired flow. The cold water will gradually dissolve the sugar and mix with the absinthe in a process known as louching.

2015, Jason Sizemore, For Exposure: The Life and Times of a Small Press Publisher, Lexington, Ky.: Apex Publishers, →ISBN:

(transitive) To make (an alcoholic beverage, e.g. absinthe or ouzo) cloudy by mixing it with water, due to the presence of anethole. This is known as the ouzo effect.


gin

en-noun

gin (countable and uncountable, plural gins)

Abbreviation of geneva, alteration of Dutch genever (“juniper”) from Old French genevre (modern French genièvre), from Vulgar Latin ziniperus, from Latin iūniperus (“juniper”). Hence gin rummy (first attested 1941).


minstrel

The noun is derived from Middle English minstral, menestrel (“actor; juggler; mime; musician; singer; storyteller; (military) soldier playing a horn or trumpet as a signal”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman menestrel [and other forms] and Old French menestrel (“artisan; servant; itinerant musician or poet; worker”) [and other forms] (modern French ménestrel (“minstrel”)), from Late Latin ministerialis (“official or retainer owing household and military service to a feudal lord, a ministerial or ministerialis”), from Latin ministerium (“employment, ministration; office of a minister, ministry; action or attendance by an inferior person such as a slave, service”) + -ālis (suffix forming adjectives). Ministerium is derived from minister (“accomplice; agent; aide; attendant; servant; waiter”) (probably ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“little, small”) + *-teros (contrastive or oppositional suffix forming adjectives)) + -ium (suffix forming abstract nouns). Doublet of ministerial and ministerialis.
The verb is derived from the noun.

nb...

menestral, menstrel, menstrelle, menstral, menstrale, menstrall, menstralle, menstrel, menstrell, menstrelle, minestral, minestrale, ministral, ministrele, minsterel, minstrale, minstrall, minstralle, minstrel, minstrelle, munstral, munstrel, munstrell, mynestral, mynistralle, mynsterel, mynstraell, mynstral, mynstrale, mynstrall, mynstralle, mynstrel, mynstrell, mynstrelle, mynystral, mynystrel, mynystrell

doublet

These include dexamphetamine ( Dexedrine 'dexies ' or 'oranges'), methylamphetamine (Methedrine—'speed'), dexamphetamine combined with amylobarbitone (Drinamyl—'purple hearts' or 'blues'), amphetamine combined with dexamphetamine (Anorexine 12.5 mg - black and white minstrels' and Anorexine 20 mg—'black bombs'), phemetrazine (Preludin), diethylpropion (Tenuate), and methylphenidate (Ritalin).

Lacking food, Jimmy reverts to his “minstrels'” — speed — and in a paranoia of drugs and near-starvation the pair fall out.

2008, Julian Evans, Semi-Invisible Man: The Life of Norman Lewis, page 510:

Roger had always been ... libidinous, aren't we all? ... but his powerful body began to writhe with the unearthly flexions of the Kundalini spirit, and after swallowing a couple of nigger minstrels Lesley had given him he spent most of one Friday morning house meeting sitting cross-legged, clutching his crotch and chanting, My dick is God, God is my dick ... over and over again, until Zack had though he would stick my fingers in his eyes, my thumb in his third one, and tear his bloody head off! – Skinning up and smoking a little shit – this Zack hadn't minded, and with two or three residents, in the right surroundings and carefully guided, he believed LSD could have therapeutic benefits.

Harry tipped the contents of Billy's bag on to his desk: boosters, purple hearts, black bombers, French blues, nigger minstrels spilled out, popping across the desk like jumping beans.

2018, J. L. Walker, Jump and Dance, page 151:

(by extension, slang) An amphetamine tablet, typically black, or black and white, in colour.

Green’s Dictionary of Slang
w:Green's Dictionary of Slang


crank

From Dutch or Low German krank, ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *krank, from Proto-Germanic *krangaz, *krankaz (“bent; weak”). Cognate with Scots crank, krank, German krank (“sick”).

John is a crank because he talks to himself.

Persons whom the Americans since Guiteau’s trial have begun to designate as ‘cranks’—that is to say, persons of disordered mind, in whom the itch of notoriety supplies the lack of any higher ambition.

The raw meat cranks are in dead earnest. They think that raw food is the manna of heaven.

1901 July 19, “Gleanings”, in The Agricultural Journal and Mining Record, volume 4, number 10, page 318:

But do you know what isn't in the school books? That old Rossum was mad. Seriously, Miss Glory, you must keep this to yourself. The old crank wanted to actually make people.

c. 1921 (date written), Karel Čapek, translated by Paul Selver, R.U.R. (Rossum’s Universal Robots): A Fantastic Melodrama […], Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Page & Company, published 1923, →OCLC, Act 1:

(informal, British, dated in US) A person who is considered strange or odd by others, and may behave in unconventional ways.


gin and tonic

en-noun

gin and tonic (countable and uncountable, plural gin and tonics or (uncommon) gins and tonic or gins and tonics)

gin and tonics (plural)
gins and tonic (plural uncommon)
gins and tonics (plural)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-gin and tonic.wav

She drank gin and tonic by preference.

(uncountable) A simple cocktail made from gin and tonic water, often served on ice and with a slice of lime or lemon.


buccal

(pharmacology) Administered in the mouth, not by swallowing but by absorption through the skin of the cheek; often by placing between the top gum and the inside of the lip.


ampelography

From French ampélographie, from ampelo- (“vine”) + -graphy.

She is the American apostle of Pierre Galet, a Frenchman whose internationally recognized contribution to ampelography, or the science of classifying grape vines, rests on identifying leaf design and the appearance of a vine's growing tips.

1986 August 6, Howard G. Goldberg, “Wine Talk”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, page C18:

Scientists are just now devising a genetic test to distinguish one rootstock from another. Until they do, the only recourse is the arcane art of ampelography, in which the vines are identified by physical appearance. Like art authenticators, ampelographers practice a craft that they would have others think is a science.

1993 October 17, Arthur Lubow, “What's Killing the Grapevines of Napa?”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

The mainstay of grapevine identification is the science of ampelography, and manuals of ampelography (Galet 1971) are the major resource for grapevine identification.

1993, Proceedings of the Eighth Australian Wine Industry Technical Conference, Volume 8, Australian Wine Research Institute, page 78:

(botany, oenology) The discipline within botany concerned with the taxonomy of cultivars in the grapevine genus, Vitis.


ESA

erythropoiesis-stimulating agent
w:erythropoiesis-stimulating agent

(pharmacology) Initialism of erythropoiesis-stimulating agent.


attenuate

en-verb

attenuate (third-person singular simple present attenuates, present participle attenuating, simple past and past participle attenuated)

attenuates (present singular third-person)
attenuating (participle present)
attenuated (participle past)
attenuated (past)

From Latin attenuāre, from attenuāt-, at- = ad- (“to”) + tenuāre (“to make thin”), tenuis (“thin”).

A beer which does not attenuate to the expected level in fermentation will have more residual sugar and thus be sweeter and heavier-bodied.

2009 July–August, John Palmer, “Attenuation: Advanced Brewing”, in Brew Your Own, archived from the original on 2013-10-06:

(brewing) (of a beer) To become less dense as a result of the conversion of sugar to alcohol.


quinine

en-noun

quinine (countable and uncountable, plural quinines)

Audio (US)

The noun is either:
* derived from Spanish quina (“quinine”) (a clipping of quinaquina (“Cinchona bark”)) + English -ine (suffix forming names of chemical substances, especially (among others) alkaloidal substances); or
* borrowed from French quinine, from quin(quina) (“Cinchona bark”) + -ine (feminine form of -in (suffix forming nouns)).
Spanish quinaquina and French quinquina are both derived from Quechua kina-kina, a reduplication of kina (“bark; (specifically) Cinchona bark”).
The verb is derived from the noun.

clipping

The alkali of yellow bark may be distinguished from cinchonine by the name of quinine.

1821, The Quarterly Journal of Science, Literature, and the Arts, volume 10:

The quinine, being more potent than cinchonine, is generally preferred.

1828, The Medical Guide, Quinine, cinchonine, and sulphate of quinine:

In spite of quinine, the men sickened day by day. Many of them, fine, strong, active fellows, who had never known what a day's sickness meant, went down before the malarious mist that gathered in the jungles.

1887, Harriet W. Daly, Digging, Squatting, and Pioneering Life in the Northern Territory of South Australia, page 102:

He hadn't the faintest idea what to do with a cold in the head, he just took quinine and continued to blow his nose.

1922, Michael Arlen, “2/9/1”, in “Piracy”: A Romantic Chronicle of These Days, London: W[illiam] Collins Sons & Co., →OCLC:

“Die? Yes, they’ll all die—all these men. No bandages, no salves, no quinine, no chloroform. Oh, God, for some morphia! Just a little morphia for the worst ones. Just a little chloroform. God damn the Yankees! God damn the Yankees!”

1936 June 30, Margaret Mitchell, Gone with the Wind, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company, →OCLC; republished New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company, 1944, →OCLC, part IV, page 363:

I propose that the availability of increased stores of quinine under British control had a similar facilitating effect on the British colonial expansion into Africa in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

1979, Lucile H. Brockway, Science and Colonial Expansion, New Haven, Conn., London: Yale University Press, published 2002, →ISBN, page 127:

So far, the daily dose of quinine had been bitter and very unpalatable. […] To make the medicine go down more easily, colonialists occasionally mixed the powder with sugar, water and gin.

2014, Olivia Williams, “Gin is the Tonic”, in Gin Glorious Gin: How Mother’s Ruin Became the Spirit of London, London: Headline Publishing Group, →ISBN, page 163:

(pharmacology) An alkaloid with the chemical formula C₂₀H₂₄N₂O₂, originally derived from cinchona bark (from plants of the genus Cinchona), used to treat malaria and as an ingredient of tonic water, which presents as a bitter colourless powder; also, a drug containing quinine or a chemical compound derived from it.


hophead

(British, slang) A beer enthusiast or homebrewer.


glycopyrrolate

A drug of the group of muscarinic anticholinergic drugs with stronger effect for anti-salivary effect and weak effect for increasing heart-rate.


lunchbox

The campaign tagline, 'I've got a tiny packet', is written across [Linford] Christie's trademark impressively muscled upper body. 'Tiny packet' makes us remember that Linford is known for his 'lunchbox' from his heyday as a sprinter because of the bulge apparent in his lycra shorts. His lunchbox and now his tiny packet allude to the diminishing of black men to just their genitals[…]

2015, Encarnación Gutiérrez Rodríguez, Shirley Anne Tate, Creolizing Europe: Legacies and Transformations, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 109:

(slang, UK) The male genitals when enclosed in clothing.

(especially Asia) A lunch packaged in a disposable box to be taken away to eat.

You'll find a mix among clamshell laptops for strong laps, lunchboxes, and sewing-machine configurations; the latter two designs typically have detachable keyboards.

1988 October 11, PC Mag, volume 7, number 17, page 93:

The performance difference between desktops and lunchboxes was practically nil.

2004, Scott Mueller, Upgrading and Repairing Laptops, page 20:

(computing, slang) A luggable; an early laptop computer, usually a unit with a handle and a fold-out keyboard.

A cocktail made with beer, orange juice, and almond liqueur.


shandy

en-noun

shandy (countable and uncountable, plural shandies)

(uncountable, UK, Ireland) A drink made by mixing beer and lemonade.


trade name

առևտրային անվանում

Patients who come to the pharmacy counter may remember the trade name of their prescription but not the nonproprietary name, or vice versa.

registered trademark
registered trademark

international nonproprietary name
international nonproprietary name

A name used to identify a commercial product or service; may or may not be a registered trademark.

(medicine, pharmacology) The company-specific name for a drug (medication), in contrast with a nonproprietary name such as an INN (international nonproprietary name), USAN (United States adopted name), JAN (Japanese accepted name), and so on.


amphetamine

amphetamine (countable and uncountable, plural amphetamines)

Shortened form of a(lpha-)m(ethyl)ph(en)eth(yl)amine.

substituted amphetamine
substituted amphetamine

(informal, nonstandard) Referring to a substituted amphetamine; a member of the amphetamine class of chemicals.

central nervous system
central nervous system

(medicine, pharmacology) A potent central nervous system stimulant of the phenethylamine chemical class that is used to treat ADHD, narcolepsy, and obesity.


barbiturate

/ˌbɑː(ɹ)ˈbɪt͡ʃəɹɪt/

/ˌbɑː(ɹ)ˈbɪt͡ʃəɹeɪt/

/ˌbɑɹbɪˈt(j)ʊəɹɪt/

/ˌbɑɹˈbɪt͡ʃu.ɪt/

Coordinate term: benzodiazepine

Following the “Summer of Love” in 1967, amphetamines and barbiturates began to replace psychedelics as the dominant drugs used in the Haight-Ashbury district of San Francisco, and increasing numbers of individuals were treated at the Haight-Ashbury Free Medical Clinic for complications following barbiturate use.

1977, Donald R. Wesson, David Elvin Smith, Barbiturates, their use, misuse, and abuse, New York: Human Sciences Press, →ISBN, page 9:

(pharmacology) Any of derivatives of barbituric acid that act as depressants of the central nervous system and are used as sedatives or hypnotics.

باربتيورات

derivative of barbituric acid that acts as a depressant of the central nervous system


sweets

→ Japanese: スイーツ

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-sweets.wav


stimulant

(pharmacology) A substance that acts to increase physiological or nervous activity in the body.

стимулант

substance acting to increase physiological or nervous activity in the body


alt

liquid alts

alternative investment
alternative investment

(finance) An alternative investment or alternative fund.


dynamite

dynamite (usually uncountable, plural dynamites)

Coined by Alfred Nobel in 1867. Ultimately from Ancient Greek δύναμις (dúnamis, “power”) + -ite, most likely under the influence of dynamo or dynamic.

der

A class of explosives made from nitroglycerine in an absorbent medium such as kieselguhr, used in mining and blasting.

(informal, proscribed) A stick of trinitrotoluene (TNT).

(slang) A strong drug, in particular heroin, cocaine or potent marijuana.


dynamite

en-verb

dynamite (third-person singular simple present dynamites, present participle dynamiting, simple past and past participle dynamited)

dynamites (present singular third-person)
dynamiting (participle present)
dynamited (participle past)
dynamited (past)

[...] on Sunday, August 23, the L.N.W.R. tunnel was closed to enable the old brickwork to be dynamited away, traffic being diverted meanwhile through the M.R. tunnel.

1960 February, R. C. Riley, “The London-Birmingham services - Past, Present and Future”, in Trains Illustrated, page 101:

To blow up with dynamite or other high explosive.

dinamitar

to blow up with dynamite or other high explosive

the brakes will dynamite

(intransitive, of brakes) To lock up from being invoked too suddenly.


inotropic

/ˌɪn.əˈtɹəʊ.pɪk/

From Ancient Greek ἴς (ís, “sinew, tendon; strength, force”) + -tropic (“affecting, changing”), from Ancient Greek τρόπος (trópos, “turn, direction, way”) + -ικός (-ikós, “-ic”, adjectival suffix).

af

<i class="Latn mention" lang="en">-ic</i>

(medicine, pharmacology) An inotropic heart drug.


old-fashioned

From old + fashioned. The cocktail (which goes back to at least the early 1800s) got its name in the late 1800s as more complicated cocktails became common and those who preferred simpler drinks began asking for old-fashioned cocktails.

Old John was mixing Old Fashioneds and every now and then he would turn and stare at the record case with an expression of great loathing.

1946, George Johnston, Skyscrapers in the Mist, page 43:

Bond took a shower and changed and walked down the road and had two Bourbon old-fashioneds and the Chicken Dinner at $2.80 in the air-conditioned eating house on the corner that was as typical of ‘the American way of life’ as the motel.

1956, Ian Fleming, chapter 15, in Diamonds Are Forever:

At the end of the workday, the Trumans liked to have a cocktail before dinner. Shortly after they moved into the White House, Mrs. Truman rang for the butler, Alonzo Fields, one afternoon and ordered two old-fashioneds.

1996, Paul F. Boller, Presidential Anecdotes, page 286:

A cocktail made by muddling sugar with bitters and adding whiskey or, less commonly, brandy, served with a twist of citrus rind.


candy flipping

Pretty Lights blasts from invisible speakers, making Lion think about candyflipping back in high school.

2019, Steven Kotler, Last Tango in Cyberspace, St. Martin's Publishing Group, →ISBN:

(slang) The experience of combining the drugs LSD and MDMA.


pseudoephedrine

en-noun

pseudoephedrine (countable and uncountable, plural pseudoephedrines)

(pharmacology) A sympathomimetic alkaloid commonly used as a decongestant; a chemical compound, an isomer of ephedrine, with the formula C₁₀H₁₅NO.


manhattan

Alternative spelling of Manhattan (“cocktail”).


wasted

en-adj

wasted (comparative more wasted, superlative most wasted)

more wasted (comparative)
most wasted (superlative)

(medicine) Low weight-for-height (for a person).


IR

en-noun

IR (countable and uncountable, plural IRs)

(pharmacology) Initialism of immediate release.


varietal

/vəˈɹaɪətəl/

An assessment of a selection of regional, varietal, and slang dictionaries also found that little lexicographical effort has been extended to these terms.

2018, James Lambert, “A multitude of ‘lishes’: The nomenclature of hybridity”, in English World-Wide, page 2:

(linguistics) Of or relating to a variety of a language.


albumin

albumin (countable and uncountable, plural albumins)

Borrowed from French albumine, from Latin albumen. Compare albumen.

(biochemistry) Any of a class of monomeric proteins that are soluble in water, and are coagulated by heat; they occur in egg white, milk etc; they function as carrier protein for steroids, fatty acids, and thyroid hormones and play a role in stabilizing extracellular fluid volume.


whiz

whiz (countable and uncountable, plural whizzes)

And I don't quite understand just what this feeling is / But that's okay cause we're all sorted out for E's and wizz

1995, “Sorted For E’s and Wizz”, in Jarvis Cocker (lyrics), Different Class, performed by Pulp:


wineskin

Coordinate term: waterskin

A bag, traditionally made from the skin of a goat (a goatskin), used for holding and dispensing wine.


G&T

The cocktail in Britain is a rigidly-defined social institution: each has its own particular meaning—the G & T is the alcoholic equivalent of the interview suit; Pernod and black is an alternative to glue sniffing for repentant trendies, etc.

2011, Mark Polonsky et al., USSR: From an Original Idea by Karl Marx, page 32:


nitrous oxide

(inorganic chemistry) A non-flammable gas (N₂O) commonly used in surgery and dentistry for its anaesthetic and analgesic effects and in motorsport for bursts of added power.


chemist

First attested 1562, borrowed from French chimiste, from Medieval Latin chimista, from earlier alchimista (literally “alchemist”), from Arabic الْكِيمِيَاء (al-kīmiyāʔ), from article al- + Ancient Greek χυμεία (khumeía, “art of alloying metals”), from χύμα (khúma, “fluid”), from χυμός (khumós, “juice”), from χέω (khéō, “I pour”). As a synonym for pharmacy, a metonymous use of the proprietor to stand for their shop.

der

الْكِيمِيَاء

Arabic الْكِيمِيَاء (al-kīmiyāʔ)

(chiefly British, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa) Synonym of pharmacy, especially as a standalone shop or general store.


wassail

en-noun

wassail (countable and uncountable, plural wassails)

→ Welsh: gwasael

From Middle English wassail, from Old Norse ves heill (“be healthy!”), from the imperative of vesa (“to be”) + heill (“healthy”). The earliest documented use of the term is from the first part of the 12th century CE, in Geoffroy of Monmounth's Historia Regum Britanniae (see page's citations).

In merry wassail he […] peals his loud song.

1813, Walter Scott, “(please specify the page)”, in Rokeby; a Poem, Edinburgh: […] [F]or John Ballantyne and Co. […]; London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown; by James Ballantyne and Co., […], →OCLC:

The victors abandoned themselves to feasting and wassail.

1855–1858, William H[ickling] Prescott, History of the Reign of Philip the Second, King of Spain, volume (please specify |volume=I to III), Boston, Mass.: Phillips, Sampson, and Company, →OCLC:

A blinding light against a garish blue sky made vision difficult, thanks to the previous night's wassail.

1980, Ian Chappell, Chappelli has the Last Laugh, page 39:


mudslide

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-mudslide.wav

[…] and seem able to function during A.M. drills even after several parasolled Mudslides or the House-Specialty Blue Flame cognac-based things you have to blow out before sipping from their huge blue-rimmed snifters.

1996, David Foster Wallace, Infinite Jest […], Boston, Mass., New York, N.Y.: Little, Brown and Company, →ISBN, page 997:

A mixed drink consisting of vodka, Kahlúa and Baileys.


Black Russian

en-adj

Black Russian (comparative more Black Russian, superlative most Black Russian)

more Black Russian (comparative)
most Black Russian (superlative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Black Russian.wav


tawny

en-noun

tawny (countable and uncountable, plural tawnies or tawnys)

From Middle English tauni, tawne (“brownish-orange colour; cloth of this colour; sweet beverage of this colour”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman tawné, and Old French tané, tanné, tanney (“tan colour; cloth of this colour”), from tané (verb): see further at etymology 1.
Sense 2.1 (“Eurasian bullfinch”) is due to the brown colour of the female.

kellanruskea

something of a light brown or brownish orange colour

Tawny is the most versatile Port style. The best tawnies are good-quality wines that have faded to a pale garnet or brownish red color during long wood aging. […] We consider 10- and 20-year-old tawnies the best buys; the older ones aren't always worth the extra bucks.

2006, Ed McCarthy, Mary Ewing-Mulligan, “Wine Roads Less Traveled: Fortified and Dessert Wines”, in Wine for Dummies (For Dummies), 4th edition, Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN, part V (Wine’s Exotic Face), page 297:

A ten-year-old tawny is a good place to start with a tawny port novice, who might otherwise be put off by the oxidized flavors (i.e., more wood and earth notes than fruit) that come with a very old tawny.

2007, Lettie Teague, “Portugal”, in Educating Peter: How I Taught a Famous Movie Critic the Difference between Cabernet and Merlot or How Anyone Can Become an (Almost) Instant Wine Expert, New York, N.Y., London: Scribner, →ISBN, page 110:

(alcoholic beverages) In full tawny port: a sweet, fortified port wine which is blended and matured in wooden casks.


jorum

Uncertain; perhaps from the Hebrew name of Joram, who “brought with him [to King David] vessels of silver, and vessels of gold, and vessels of brass” (Bible (King James Version), 2 Samuel 8:10; compare Jeroboam); or from Arabic جَرَّة (jarra, “earthen receptacle”).

derived

Then come, put the jorum about, / And let us be merry and clever, / Our hearts and our liquors are stout, / Here's the Three Jolly Pigeons for ever.

1773 (first performance), Oliver Goldsmith, She Stoops to Conquer; or, The Mistakes of a Night: A Comedy, by Dr. Goldsmith. Adapted for Theatrical Representation, as Performed at the Theatres-Royal, Drury-Lane and Covent-Garden. Regulated from the Prompt-books, by Permission of the Managers. “The lines distinguished by inverted commas, are omitted in the representation.”, London: Printed for the proprietors, under the direction of John Bell, British Library, Strand, Bookseller to His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales, published 1791, OCLC 645786039, Act I, scene ii; republished in Bell's British Theatre. Consisting of the Most Esteemed English Plays, volume IX, London: Printed for, and under the direction of, George Cawthorn, British Library, Strand, 1797, OCLC 472479652, page 19

Come each jolly fellow / That loves to be mellow, / Attend unto me, and sit easy: / One jorum in quiet, / My boys, we will try it, / Dull thinking will make a man crazy: […] / I am here as Justice of Quorum; / And in my cabin's fore end, / I've a bed for a friend, / With a clean fire-side and a jorum.

1820, “The Farmer”, in The Harp of Orpheus; Being a Collection of the Best English, Scotch, and Irish Songs, Catches, Glees, Duets, Trios, Quartettos, &c. &c. Also, a Selection of Toasts and Sentiments, Derby, Derbyshire: Printed by and for H. Mozley, Brook-Street, →OCLC, page 212:

In battle one day, with a jorum of flip, / Jack, while crossing the deck, began reeling, / And fell, for his leg was shot off at the hip, / But the liquor he just saved from spilling.

1841, C[harles] Dibdin, Jun., “All in His Glory”, in Charles Dibdin; Thomas [John] Dibdin, Songs, Naval and National, of the Late Charles Dibdin; with a Memoir and Addenda. Collected and Arranged by Thomas Dibdin, Author of “The English Fleet,” “Cabinet,” &c. &c. With Characteristic Sketches by George Cruikshank, London: John Murray, Albemarle Street. (Publisher to the Admiralty.), OCLC 558164904, page 268

They ketched hould of aich other, gasping as he stepped down out of the air to the ground, an' wishin' them the top of the avening, he brushed past, walked bould to the bar an' briskly called for three jorums of whusky.

1901–1902, Herminie Templeton [Kavanagh], Darby O'Gill and the Good People, New York, N.Y.: McClure, Phillips, published 1903, →OCLC, page 286:

You see, at that time, in the Duchy of Brunswick, or Braunschweig, now part of Germany, it was the custom for friendly groups to drink from the same receptacle, in this case a jorum, or basin—a good idea, rightly understood, in that it made for communitas, or community, […]

1988, J[ames] F[arl] Powers, “Priestly Fellowship”, in Wheat that Springeth Green, New York, N.Y.: Alfred A. Knopf, ISBN 978-0-394-49609-2; republished New York, N.Y.: The New York Review of Books, 2000, ISBN 978-0-940322-24-0, page 175

A large vessel for drinking (usually alcoholic beverages).


remedy

From Middle English remedie, from Old French *remedie, remede, from Latin remedium (“a remedy, cure”), from re- (“again”) + mederi (“to heal”). Doublet of remeid.

(law) The legal means to recover a right or to prevent or obtain redress for a wrong.

сре́дство

суде́бной защи́ты


pill

* From Middle English pille (also pillem), a borrowing from Middle Low German pille or Middle Dutch pille (whence Dutch pil), probably from Latin pila, pilula.
* (persuade or convince): Generalized from red pill.

Take two pills every hour in the apyrexia of intermittent fever, until eight are taken.

1864, Benjamin Ellis, The Medical Formulary:

(broadly) A small, usually round or cylindrical object designed for easy swallowing, usually containing some sort of medication.

Coordinate term: capsule

en:any tablet or caplet, thus excluding capsules

(strictly) Such an object that is of solid constitution (usually of compressed, bonded powder) rather than a capsule (with a shell containing loose powder or liquid).

Jane went on the pill when she left for college.

She got pregnant one month after going off the pill.

I'm tearing down your brooder house / 'Cause now I've got the pill

1975, “The Pill”, in Back to the Country, performed by Loretta Lynn:

Many specialists are requesting that this vitamin be included in all contraceptive pills, as women on the pill have a tendency to be depressed.

1986, Jurriaan Plesman, Getting Off the Hook: Treatment of Drug Addiction and Social Disorders Through Body and Mind:

(informal, uncountable, definite, i.e. used with "the") Contraceptive medication, usually in the form of a pill to be taken by a woman; an oral contraceptive pill.

One sleeve, threadbare and loaded with what my mother called “sweater pills,” hung halfway to the floor.

1999, Wally Lamb, I Know This Much Is True:

(textile) A small piece of any substance, for example a ball of fibres formed on the surface of a textile fabric by rubbing. Colloquially known as a bobble, fuzzball, or lint ball.


pill

en-verb

pill (third-person singular simple present pills, present participle pilling, simple past and past participle pilled)

pills (present singular third-person)
pilling (participle present)
pilled (participle past)
pilled (past)

She pills herself with all sorts of herbal medicines.

Pilling the cat is such a nightmare.

(transitive) To medicate with pills; to administer pills to.


mescaline

en-noun

mescaline (usually uncountable, plural mescalines)

Lophophora williamsii
Lophophora williamsii#Translingual

(biochemistry) A hallucinogenic and intoxicating compound present in the peyote cactus (Lophophora williamsii), the San Pedro cactus (Echinopsis pachanoi), and the Peruvian torch (Echinopsis peruviana).


coffee liqueur

A liqueur with coffee, such as Tia Maria or Kahlua


tabulate

From table + -ate; compare Late Latin tabulātus (“having a floor; floored”), perfect passive participle of tabulō (“to fit with planks”) + -ātus (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂tos (suffix forming adjectives from nouns indicating the possession of a thing or a quality). Tabulō is derived from tabula (“board, plank”), of uncertain origin, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *teh₂- (a variant of *steh₂- (“to stand”)) + *-dʰlom (a variant of *-trom (suffix forming nouns denoting tools or instruments)).

der

℞. the three kindes of ſaunders, and Diarrhodon Abbatis, ana. ℈. j. the bone of the Hartes heart one in number, ſugar roſate tabulate, or white ſugar diſſolued in roſe water as much as ſufficeth, make an Electuarie, gild it with leaues of pure golde in weight ℥. ß.

1596, Philip Barrough [i.e., Philip Barrow], “Of Electuaries, and Conserues: of Lozenges, and Manus Christi”, in The Method of Phisick, Containing the Cavses, Signes, and Cvres of Inward Diseases in Mans Body, from the Head to the Foote. Whereunto is Added, The Forme and Rule of Making Remedies and Medicines, which Our Physitions Commonly Vse at this Day, with the Proportion, Quantitie, and Names of Each Medicine, 3rd corrected and augmented edition, book VII, Imprinted at London: By Richard Field, and are to be sold in Paules Church yard at the signe of the brasen Serpent, →OCLC, pages 404–405:

A Bad ſtomacke is otherwhiles no ſmall cauſe of this ſwouning, for it procureth before the ſwouning come a heate ouer the whole bodie. As ſoone as this ſhall be perceiued, it is not amiſſe to vſe for it confected Balſam wood, but in the ſtead thereof take Tabulates of Xyloaloe, which are very requiſite for it.

1605, Christopher Wirtzung [i.e. Christof Wirsung], “Of the Hart, the Most Precious Part of Mans Body”, in Jacob Mosan, transl., The General Practise of Physicke: Conteyning All Inward and Outward Parts of the Body, with All the Accidents and Infirmities that are Incident vnto Them, euen from the Crowne of the Head to the Sole of the Foote: … in the Germane Tongue, and now Translated into English, in Diuerse Places Corrected, and with Many Additions Illustrated and Augmented, …, London: [Printed by Richard Field] Impensis [at the expense of] Georg[e] Bishop, →OCLC, § 1 (Of the Fainting of the Hart in Generall. [The Order of Life or Diet for This Faintnes of the Hart.]), page 259:

For all faintness, hot agues, heavy fantasies and imaginations, a cordial was prepared in tabulates, which was called Manus Christi: the true receipt required one ounce of prepared pearls to twelve of fine sugar, boiled with rose water, violet water, cinnamon water, "or howsoever one would have them."

1834, [Robert Southey], “Quack and No Quack, being an Account of Dr. Green and His Man Kemp. Popular Medicine, Herbary, Theory of Signatures, William Dove, John Wesley, and Baxter.”, in The Doctor, &c., volume I, London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green and Longman, →OCLC, page 236:


OD

en-noun

OD (countable and uncountable, plural ODs)


overdose

en-verb

overdose (third-person singular simple present overdoses, present participle overdosing, simple past and past participle overdosed)

overdoses (present singular third-person)
overdosing (participle present)
overdosed (participle past)
overdosed (past)

/ˌəʊvə(ɹ)ˈdəʊs/

(transitive) To dose to excess; to give an overdose, or too many doses, to someone.


paloma

Martini, Bellini, Negroni, Baileys, Kahlúa, sambuca
Soju, paloma, mojito, gimlet, Frangelico, Guinness
Tequila, Manhattan, a margarita, old-fashioned
Dry vermouth and something I can't taste 'cause I'm so trashed

2020, Yoav Landau, Sam Haft (lyrics and music), “Drunk”, in zero_one, performed by The Living Tombstone:

A cocktail made with tequila, lime juice, and grapefruit soda.


API

(pharmacology) Initialism of active pharmaceutical ingredient.


urna

From Latin urna, usually derived from ūrō (“to burn, to singe”) in reference to the firing of the clay in their creation. Doublet of urn.

A wine vessel, probably the Roman urna, which contained half the quantity of the amphora.

1810, A Description of the Collection of Ancient Terracottas of the British Museum, British Museum, No. XXXIX, page 22:

The congius was the 8th part of the amphora, and the 4th of the urna: it contained 6 sextarii.

1847, Francis Adams, The Seven Books of Paulus Ægeineta, volume 3, The Sydenham Society, page 623:

It follows that the seah must equal the urna, and the hin equal 2 Attic choes.

1903, Sir Charles Warren, The Ancient Cubit and Our Weights and Measures, page 89:

(historical) A Roman unit of liquid measure reckoned as the volume of 40 Roman pounds of wine and equivalent to about 13 L although differing slightly over time.


pastis

en-noun

pastis (countable and uncountable, plural pastises)


Caucasian

Johann Friedrich Blumenbach
Mugan plain
Sergey Prokudin-Gorsky
The Big Lebowski

From Caucasus (“mountain range in Eastern Europe between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea”) + -ian (suffix forming adjectives with the sense ‘from, related to, or like’, or forming nouns with the sense ‘one from, belonging to, relating to, or like’). The anthropological sense (no longer regarded as scientific) was popularized by the German anthropologist and physician Johann Friedrich Blumenbach (1752–1840), based on the belief that the first humans originated from there.
Noun sense 2 (“cocktail”) was popularized by the film The Big Lebowski (1998): see the quotation.

nb...

Praemissa est epistola ad virvm perillvstrem Iosephvm Banks baronetvm regiae Societatis Londin. praesidem

I'll go out and mingle. Jesus, you mix a hell of a Caucasian, Jackie.

1998 January 18, Joel and Ethan Coen, The Big Lebowski (motion picture), spoken by Jeffrey (“The Dude”) Lebowski (Jeff Bridges):

(alcoholic beverages, humorous) Synonym of White Russian (“a cocktail consisting of coffee liqueur, milk, and vodka”)


somniferous

en-adj

somniferous (comparative more somniferous, superlative most somniferous)

more somniferous (comparative)
most somniferous (superlative)

From Latin somnifer + -ous, from somnus (“sleep”) + ferre (“to bring”).

(pharmacology) causing or inducing sleep, normally with harmful overtones.


foxy

(slang) The recreational drug 5-methoxy-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT).


foxy

foxy (comparative foxier, superlative foxiest)

foxier (comparative)
foxiest (superlative)


acetylsalicylic acid

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) The acetate ester of salicylic acid (aspirin)

àcid acetilsalicílic

acetate ester of salicylic acid; aspirin


hydroxy

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-hydroxy.wav

So, we know from that standpoint — because it’s been so many years, from a safety standpoint, it’s safe. I happen to think, based on what I’ve read — I’ve read a lot about hydroxy. I happen to think that it has an impact, especially at the early years.

2020 July 28, Remarks by President Trump in Press Briefing:

(informal, pharmacology) Clipping of hydroxychloroquine.


fusty

fusty (comparative fustier, superlative fustiest)

fustier (comparative)
fustiest (superlative)

From Old French fust (“wood”) (modern French fût (“cask”)), from Latin fūstis (“a cudgel”).
Compare Scots foosty.

In contrast to exploitation or suppression or even alienation, involution is presented as part of the natural order of things—like bad weather. You can’t point fingers at an abstraction or rally against a fusty term from an anthropology text.

2021 May 14, Yi-Ling Liu, “China’s “Involuted” Generation”, in The New Yorker:

An anonymously sourced report by one of Britain’s freewheeling tabloid newspapers has sparked a debate over both tabloid journalistic ethics and sexism in Parliament, leading some to question whether the institution is capable of shedding its fusty reputation and becoming an inclusive workplace.

2022 April 26, Stephen Castle, Megan Specia, “U.K. Tabloid Accuses Lawmaker of ‘Basic Instinct’ Move, Highlighting Sexism in Parliament”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

Oh sweet surprise - oh dear delight
To find it undisputed quite -
All musty, fusty rules despite,
That Art is wrong and Nature right!

1893, W. S. Gilbert, Utopia, Limited, Act II:

(figuratively, by extension) Old-fashioned, refusing to change or update.

старомоден

old-fashioned, refusing to change or update


sildenafil

en-noun

sildenafil (usually uncountable, plural sildenafils)

Probably from s(ulfon)yl + -dena- (“alteration of (pyrimi)dine”) + ph(en)yl.

af

Ellis opens a file from his stack. In 1991, he says, Pfizer wanted to test the safety of what came to be known as sildenafil.

2017, David Friend, The Naughty Nineties:

erectile dysfunction
erectile dysfunction

(pharmacology) A drug that is used in the form of its citrate C₂₂H₃₀N₆O₄S·C₆H₈O₇ to treat erectile dysfunction in males, that by suppressing a phosphodiesterase enzyme also suppresses the enzyme's inhibitory effect on the hormone cyclic GMP, and that enables the cyclic GMP produced during sexual arousal to initiate the muscular and vascular changes which produce an erection. It is marketed under the trademarks Revatio and Viagra.


Viagra

Marketing name, perhaps from Sanskrit व्याघ्र (vyāghrá, “tiger”), or perhaps based on words such as vigour, virility, victory and Niagara.

Just like any other drug that elevates any aspect or level of performance, Viagra has a pretty harsh comedown, so to speak.

2004, Jayson Gallaway, Diary of a Viagra Fiend, Simon and Schuster, →ISBN, page 49:

(pharmacology) A brand name of the drug sildenafil citrate, used to treat erectile dysfunction.

فِيَاغْرَا

trademark name of the drug, sildenafil citrate, used to treat erectile dysfunction


penicillin

en-noun

penicillin (countable and uncountable, plural penicillins)

From translingual Penicillium + -in. Coined by Alexander Fleming after Penicillium notatum (now Penicillium chrysogenum), a fungus from which penicillin is obtained.

(pharmacology) Any of a group of narrow-spectrum antibiotics obtained from Penicillium molds or synthesized, that have a beta-lactam structure and are active against gram-positive bacteria and used in the treatment of various infections and diseases.


amber nectar

amber nectar (usually uncountable, plural amber nectars)

Fortunately, once in the beergarden with the good Doctor and a cold and frothy schooner of the amber nectar, everything fell into place.

2004, Ken Ewell, Voyages of Discovery: A Manly Adventure in the Lands Down Under, page 22:

The Czech lands have been famous for centuries for producing some of the finest amber nectar in the world.

2010, Neil Wilson, Mark Baker, Prague, Lonely Planet, page 180:

After my spot has finished, I weave my way to the bar for a nice cool bottle of Stella, and as I'm swigging down the amber nectar, who should walk into the room but my newfound nemesis: Dave Doyle.

2010, Russ Harris, Stand Up Strummer: A Tale of Sex, Love and Side-effects, page 216:

This was one of our personal little wins over the army, and as soldiers do, we love to down a few amber nectars from time to time.

2010, Rob Maylor, SAS Sniper: The Rob Maylor Story, unnumbered page:


pharmaceutical

From pharmaceutic + -al, from Latin pharmaceuticus (“of drugs”), from Ancient Greek φαρμακευτικός (pharmakeutikós, “drug maker”).

der

φαρμακευτικός

(medicine, pharmacy, pharmacology) Of or relating to pharmacy or pharmacists.

farmaseuties

of, or relating to pharmacy or pharmacists


pharmaceutical

φαρμακευτικός

(medicine, pharmacy, pharmacology) A pharmaceutical or pharmacological preparation or product; a drug.


recreational drug

en-noun

recreational drug (plural recreational drugs)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-recreational drug.wav

A psychoactive drug taken deliberately for the effect it has on the mind rather than for its medicinal effects.


lysergic acid

However, a new substance was obtained in good yield on gentle acidification, which possessed both acid and basic properties and which we have named lysergic acid.

1934 January 22, Walter A. Jacobs, “The Ergot Alkaloids: II. The degrataion of ergotinine with alkali lysergic acid”, in J. Biol. Chem., page 547:

(organic chemistry) An organic compound, 6-methyl-9,10-didehydro-ergoline-8-carboxylic acid, derived from an alkaloid found in ergot; its amide derivatives are widely used as pharmaceuticals and as hallucinogenic drugs (LSD).

lysergihappo

the organic compound, 6-methyl-9,10-didehydro-ergoline-8-carboxylic acid


up to date

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-up to date.wav


ATV

ATV (countable and uncountable, plural ATVs)

(pharmacology) Abbreviation of atazanavir.


benny

Buffet fans can brunch until your heart's content at Westin Bayshore’s H2 Rotisserie & Bar, where the daily breakfast buffet features free-range eggs cooked to order, bennies, pancakes, waffles, smoked bacon, sausage links, seasonal fruit, freshly made pastries, and much more.

2019 June 26, Amy Watkins, “Top 15 Brunch Spots in Vancouver, BC”, in Trip Savvy:


retsina

retsina (countable and uncountable, plural retsinas)

Borrowed from Greek ρετσίνα (retsína), from ρετσίνι (retsíni, “resin”), from Ancient Greek ῥητίνη (rhētínē, “pine resin”).

der

She serves the smooth retsina / She keeps me safe and warm / It's just the calm before the storm

1977, Donald Fagen, Walter Becker (lyrics and music), “Home at Last”, in Aja, performed by Steely Dan:

A Greek resinated white or rosé wine of a sort that has been produced for at least 2700 years.


lager

→ Irish: lágar

→ Scottish Gaelic: làgar

→ Welsh: lager

From German Lagerbier (“beer made for storing”), from Lager (“store”). Cognate with native English lair.

A type of beer, brewed using a bottom-fermenting yeast.


sambuca

en-noun

sambuca (usually uncountable, plural sambucas)

]
Borrowed from Italian sambuca, from Latin sambūcus (“elder tree”), considered to be from the instrument name sambūca for its being made of elderwood.

An Italian liqueur made from elderberries and flavoured with licorice, traditionally served with 3 coffee beans that represent health, wealth and fortune (or past, present and future).


IT

(medicine, pharmacology) Initialism of intrathecal.


STP

STP (countable and uncountable, plural STPs)

shielded twisted pair
shielded twisted pair#English

(electronics) Initialism of shielded twisted pair.


antineoplastic

(pharmacology, oncology) Inhibiting the development of tumours.


antineoplastic

(pharmacology) Any such agent, used in chemotherapy.


ardent spirits

First attested 1471, from its inflammability; see etymology section of ardent.

"Even then I realized the possibilities of my suburb, that hotbed of revolution in which heroes, inventors, and practical men of science, rogues and scoundrels, virtues and vices, were all packed together by poverty, stifled by necessity, drowned in drink, and consumed by ardent spirits."

1837, et al, Honoré de Balzac, translated by Clara Bell, Facino Cane:

Strong distilled alcoholic liquor or whiskey.


alkyl nitrite

Any of a class of inhalant recreational drugs, originally developed for the treatment of angina.

烷基亞硝酸鹽

any of a class of inhalant recreational drugs

amyl nitrite

Wikipedia has articles on the following specific nitrites


hallucinogen

From hallucination + -o- (interconsonantal) + -gen (“producer”).

affix

Any substance tending to induce hallucination.


preprandial

They drink, for one thing, sweet ports as preprandials, anathema to most English, who consider them digestifs, or after-dinner company.

1974, Chicago Guide, volume 23, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 143, column 1:

Why have people forsaken martinis, Manhattans, old fashioneds, and other preprandials of long-standing popularity?

1978, Horizon, volume 21, New York, N.Y.: American Heritage Publishing Company, →OCLC, page 189:

'How's Allison?' I asked over preprandials. He smiled as I ordered Southern Comfort – no ice, no soda; he liked the idea that some things don't change.

1991, Bernard Bannerman, chapter 4, in The Judge's Song, [U.K.]: Sphere Books; republished Sandy, Bedfordshire: Authors OnLine, 2009


trimetazidine

(pharmacology) A cytoprotective antiischemic drug used in the treatment of angina pectoris.


antidopaminergic

(pharmacology) preventing or counteracting the effects of dopamine


antidopaminergic

(pharmacology) Any drug that prevents or counteracts the effects of dopamine.

antidopaminergico

any drug that prevents or counteracts the effects of dopamine


dissociative drug

en-noun

dissociative drug (plural dissociative drugs)

(pharmacology) Any of a class of psychedelic drugs characterized by intense feelings of depersonalization, derealization, and analgesia.


confection

From Middle English confescioun, borrowed from Old French confeccion (French confection), borrowed from Latin cōnfectiōnem, from confectus, past participle of conficere (“prepare”), from com- (“with”) + facere (“to make, do”). Originally "the making by means of ingredients"; sense of "candy or light pastry" predominant since 1500s.

(pharmacology) A preparation of medicine sweetened with sugar, honey, syrup, or the like; an electuary.

(obsolete, medicine) A medicinal preparation of any kind, a compound of drugs.

Was it not a goodly poison that he gave!
Why, he's as well now as he was before.
It shuld have been some fine confection
That might have given the broth some dainty taste

2007, Unknown, edited by White, Martin and Lockwood, Tom, Arden of Faversham, 2nd edition, Bloomsbury Publishing, page 20, Scene 1, ll. 421–425:


swill

swill (countable and uncountable, plural swills)

From Middle English swilen (“to wash; swirl; wash away”), from Old English swillan, swilian (“to wash; wash down; swill; gargle”), from Proto-West Germanic *swilljan, from Proto-Germanic *swiljaną (“to gulp, swallow”), from Proto-Indo-European *swel- (“to drink, gulp, swallow”). Related to swallow.

der

(collective) A mixture of solid and liquid food scraps fed to pigs etc; especially kitchen waste for this purpose.

I cannot believe anyone could drink this swill.

(by extension) Any disgusting or distasteful liquid.

He took a swill of his drink and tried to think of words.

(informal) A large quantity of liquid drunk at one swallow.


swill

en-verb

swill (third-person singular simple present swills, present participle swilling, simple past and past participle swilled)

swills (present singular third-person)
swilling (participle present)
swilled (participle past)
swilled (past)

[…] well-dressed people, of both sexes, […] devouring sliced beef, and swilling port, and punch, and cider […]

1771, [Tobias Smollett], The Expedition of Humphry Clinker […], volume I, London: […] W. Johnston, […]; and B. Collins, […], →OCLC, page 188:

“It is time lost,” muttered Cedric apart and impatiently, “to speak to him of aught else but that which concerns his appetite! […] he hath no pleasure save to fill, to swill, and to call for more. […]”

1819 December 20 (indicated as 1820), Walter Scott, chapter XXI, in Ivanhoe; a Romance. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), Edinburgh: […] Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Hurst, Robinson, and Co. […], →OCLC:

If you can give me no more than twenty-five shillings, I'm sure I'm not going to buy you pork-pie to stuff, after you've swilled a bellyful of beer.

1913, D[avid] H[erbert] Lawrence, chapter 8, in Sons and Lovers, London: Duckworth & Co. […], →OCLC:

1944, Rutherford George Montgomery (as Al Avery), A Yankee Flier in Italy, New York: Grosset & Dunlap, Chapter 1, p. 9,
O’Malley answered calmly as he shoved half of the pie into his mouth.
“Stop! Stop—swilling that pie!” the colonel roared.

(transitive) To drink (or, rarely, eat) greedily or to excess.


ethyl alcohol

(organic chemistry, dated) ethanol, a type of alcohol.


antibacterial

This drug has an antibacterial effect.

Many genes with reproductive roles also have antibacterial and immune functions, which indicate that the threat of microbial attack on the sperm or egg may be a major influence on rapid evolution during reproduction.

2013 May-June, Katrina G. Claw, “Rapid Evolution in Eggs and Sperm”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3:

(pharmacology) Killing or inhibiting bacteria.


antibacterial

Many household products contain antibacterials.

(pharmacology) A drug having the effect of killing or inhibiting bacteria.