doxorubicin

doxorubicin (countable and uncountable, plural doxorubicins)

From d(e)ox(y)- + -o- + -rubicin (“daunorubicin derivative”).

af

(pharmacology) An anthracycline antibiotic drug (trademark Adriamycin) with broad antineoplastic activity that is obtained from a bacterium (Streptomyces peucetius subsp. caesius) and is administered in the form of its hydrochloride C₂₇H₂₉NO₁₁·HCl in chemotherapy.


fludarabine

(pharmacology) An antineoplastic agent that is an analog of vidarabine and is administered intravenously in the form of its phosphate C₁₀H₁₃FN₅O₇P especially in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.


floxuridine

(medicine) An antimetabolite drug, fluorodeoxyuridine, used in the treatment of colorectal cancer


imiquimod

immune-response modifier
immune-response modifier

A particular topical immune-response modifier.


masoprocol

A particular topical drug used in chemotherapy.


mitoxantrone

Probably from mit- (“nucleotoxic agent”) + (dihydr)ox(y) + ant(hraquin)one.

(pharmacology) A particular drug used in chemotherapy.


docetaxel

From [Term?] + -taxel (“taxane derivative”).

Taxus baccata
Taxus baccata#Translingual

(pharmacology) A semisynthetic antineoplastic drug C₄₃H₅₃NO₁₄·3H₂O (trademark Taxotere) that is administered intravenously to treat various cancers (as of the lung, breast, or prostate) and is derived from the needles of a yew tree (Taxus baccata) of Europe.


trofosfamide

From tr(is)- + -o- + -fosfamide (“alkylating agent”).

(pharmacology) A particular drug used to treat cancer.


From the Burroughs Wellcome internal catalog number "506U", which was extended to the unified catalog number "506U78" due the 1995 merger to form Glaxo Wellcome a few months after the drug's discovery.

Former designation of Nelarabine; a chemotherapy prodrug used in treatment of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.


azathioprine

en-noun

azathioprine (countable and uncountable, plural azathioprines)

/ˌæz.əˈθaɪ.əˌpɹin/

The patient was treated with methylprednisolone, cyclophosphamide, and azathioprine, as well as burn center protocol care with daily tankings.

1993, Virginia Medical Quarterly, volumes 120-121, page 44:

(pharmacology) A purine antimetabolite immunosuppressant used in organ transplant and autoimmune diseases to prevent rejection.


lapatinib

A particular oral drug used to treat cancer.


mafosfamide

From [Term?] + -fosfamide (“alkylating agent”).

af

(pharmacology) A particular drug used in the treatment of cancer.


nimustine

A particular drug designed for use in chemotherapy.


ifosfamide

From i(so)- + -fosfamide (“alkylating agent”).


pipobroman

A particular drug used in the treatment of blood disorders.


procarbazine

en-noun

procarbazine (usually uncountable, plural procarbazines)


leucovorin

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A particular drug used in cancer treatment.


pentostatin

A particular drug, isolated from Streptomyces antibioticus, used in chemotherapy.


oxaliplatin

From oxalate + -i- + -platin (“platinum derivative”).


idarubicin

From [Term?] + -rubicin (“daunorubicin derivative”).

(pharmacology) A particular anthracycline drug used in chemotherapy.


pirarubicin

From pyra(n) + -rubicin (“daunorubicin derivative”).


nedaplatin

From [Term?] + -platin (“platinum derivative”).


gemcitabine

From [Term?] + -citabine (“cytarabine or azacytidine derivative”).

In the winter, we had switched to a new drug called gemcitabine, or Gemzar.

2010, Siddhartha Mukherjee, The Emperor of All Maladies, Fourth Estate (2011), page 154:


streptozoticin

A particular drug used to treat cancer of the pancreas.


tariquidar

A particular inhibitor of P-glycoprotein.


mitotane

Probably from mito- (“nucleotoxic agent”) + (e)thane.

(pharmacology) A particular oral drug used to treat cancer.


mechlorethamine

From me(thyl) + chlor(o)eth(yl) + -amine.

(pharmacology) Alternative form of chlormethine.


amethopterin

/ˌæm.əˈθɑp.təɹ.ɪn/

From am(ino)- + metho- + pter(oyl) + -in.

(pharmacology, dated) Synonym of methotrexate.


lapatinib ditosylate

A particular oral drug used in the treatment of cancer.


thioTEPA

See thio- and triethylenethiophosphoramide.


daunorubicin

en-noun

daunorubicin (countable and uncountable, plural daunorubicins)

From Italian Daunia (“ancient region of Apulia”) + -o- + rubi(domy)cin.

af

(pharmacology) A synthetic anthracycline antibiotic C₂₇H₂₉NO₁₀ which is a nitrogenous glycoside that interferes with DNA synthesis and is used in the treatment of acute leukemia and other cancers.


valrubicin

From val(erate) + -rubicin (“daunorubicin derivative”).


plicamycin

From translingual (Streptomyces) plica(tus) + -mycin (“antibiotic derived from Streptomyces”).

(pharmacology) An antibiotic C₅₂H₇₆O₂₄ with antineoplastic activity which is produced by three bacteria of the genus Streptomyces (Streptomyces argillaceus, Streptomyces tanashiensis, and Streptomyces plicatus), acts by inhibiting DNA transcription and replication, and is administered intravenously especially in the treatment of malignant tumors of the testes or in the treatment of hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria associated with advanced neoplastic disease.


fluorouracil

en-noun

fluorouracil (countable and uncountable, plural fluorouracils)

/ˌflʊə.ɹə(ʊ)ˈjʊə.ɹə.sɪl/

/ˌflɔː.ɹə(ʊ)ˈjʊə.ɹə.sɪl/

/ˌflɔː.ɹə(ʊ)ˈjɔː.ɹə.sɪl/

/ˌflʊɹ.oʊˈjʊɹ.əˌsɪl/

(pharmacology) A fluorine-substituted derivative of uracil C₄H₃FN₂O₂ which inhibits DNA synthesis and is used as a chemotherapy drug in the treatment of cancer.


bleomycin

From [Term?] + -mycin (“antibiotic derived from Streptomyces”).

af

Bleomycin, which could scar lungs without warning, was an antibiotic derived from a mold.

2010, Siddhartha Mukherjee, The Emperor of All Maladies, Fourth Estate (2011), page 206:

(pharmacology) Any of a family of antineoplastic drug obtained from Streptomyces verticillus.


tioguanine

(pharmacology) A crystalline compound C₅H₅N₅S which is a thio analog of guanine with cytotoxic properties as an antimetabolite, given orally in the treatment of leukemia.


folinic acid

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A particular drug used in chemotherapy for cancer.

folinate

coordinate as a base versus an acid, but synonymous in the practical sense that the conjugate base and conjugate acid coexist in solution


troxacitabine

From [Term?] + oxa- + -citabine (“cytarabine or azacytidine derivative”).


vinflunine

From vin- (“vinca alkaloid”) + (di)flu(oro).

(pharmacology) A particular antitumor drug.


vincristine

en-noun

vincristine (countable and uncountable, plural vincristines)

From vin- (“vinca alkaloid”) + Latin crista (“tuft of leaves on plants”) + -ine.

af

Although originally intended as an antidiabetic, vincristine at small doses was found to kill leukemia cells.

2010, Siddhartha Mukherjee, The Emperor of All Maladies, Fourth Estate (2011), pages 139–140:

Madagascar periwinkle
Madagascar periwinkle

(biochemistry, pharmacology) A cytotoxic compound C₄₆H₅₆N₄O₁₀ of the alkaloid class obtained from the Madagascar periwinkle and used especially in the form of its sulfate to treat acute leukemia and other cancers.


paclitaxel

From Taxus brevifolia + Latin (brevifo)li(a) + -taxel (“alteration of taxol”).

(pharmacology) A taxane antineoplastic drug C₄₇H₅₁NO₁₄ originally isolated from the bark of the Pacific yew, Taxus brevifolia, but now typically derived as a semisynthetic product of the English yew; it interferes with microtubule function and inhibits cell division, and is used in the treatment of some cancers, especially those of the breast and ovary.


mannosulfan

A particular drug used in the treatment of cancer.


nilotinib

Origin unknown; the suffix -tinib denotes a pharmaceutical drug that is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor.

(pharmacology) A drug used to treat cancer.


nelarabine

From [Term?] + -arabine (“arabinofuranosyl derivative”).

(pharmacology) A particular drug used in chemotherapy.


rubitecan

A particular drug designed to treat cancer.


vinblastine

en-noun

vinblastine (countable and uncountable, plural vinblastines)

(biochemistry, pharmacology) A cytotoxic compound C₄₆H₅₈N₄O₉ of the alkaloid class obtained from the Madagascar periwinkle and used especially in the form of its sulfate in the treatment of lymphomas.


mithramycin

mithramycin (countable and uncountable, plural mithramycins)


zorubicin

From [Term?] + -rubicin (“daunorubicin derivative”).


bortezomib

Bortezomib, or Velcade, blocks an internal waste-dispensing mechanism for proteins that is particularly hyperactive in cancer cells.

2010, Siddhartha Mukherjee, The Emperor of All Maladies, Fourth Estate (2011), page 443:

A proteasome inhibitor used in cancer treatment and chemotherapy.


estramustine

From estra(diol) + -mustine (“antineoplastic, alkylating agent”).

af

(pharmacology) A synthetic steroidal estrogen whose phosphate is used to counter prostate cancer.


cytosine arabinoside

(pharmacology) Alternative form of cytarabine.


yellow jacket

From yellow + jacket.
* (pentobarbital sodium): Named after the yellow capsule of the Nembutal brand.

Police and hundreds of so-called “yellow jackets” protesting against high taxes and living costs have clashed in Brussels as the movement that started in France two weeks ago gained traction in Belgium.

2018 November 30, “Belgian police and ‘yellow jacket’ protesters clash in Brussels”, in Independent.ie:

If you’re seeking the cause of the Dutch agriculture and fisheries protests, the Canadian trucker convoy, the yellow-jackets in France, the farmer rebellion in India a few years ago, the recent catastrophic collapse of Sri Lanka, or the energy crisis in Europe and Australia, you can instruct yourself by the recent pronouncements from Deloitte.

2022 August 15, Jordan Peterson, “Peddlers of environmental doom have shown their true totalitarian colours”, in The Telegraph:

Synonym of yellow vest (“member of a French protest movement which started in late 2018”).


hopback

(brewing, beer) A sealed chamber between the brewing kettle and counter-flow wort chiller, into which hops are added.


drug addict

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-drug addict.wav

A person with a chemical or psychological dependency on a drug, especially one which is illegal or improperly procured.

مُدْمِن

person with a chemical or psychological dependency on drugs


antianginal

(pharmacology) Any drug used in the treatment of angina pectoris, a symptom of ischaemic heart disease.


antianginal

(pharmacology) Used in the treatment of angina pectoris.

antianginal

used in the treatment of angina pectoris


lauter

From German lauter (“pure, clear”, adjective). Began to become common in English in the 1880s.

bor

The practice in the Munich brewery made it plain that the object of the drawing off of the thick mash is to completely separate the thick mash from the lauter mash.

1905, Pure Products, volume 1, page 176:

Since the husks and coarse grits are essential for distancing grist particles from one another in the lauter mash, their diminished presence in wheat beer worts will impede the lautering process.

1992, Eric Warner, German Wheat Beer, →ISBN:

The thin lauter mash is quickly transferred to the tun, given a last thorough stirring, and allowed to settle.

2003, Gregory J. Noonan, New Brewing Lager Beer: The Most Comprehensive Book, →ISBN:

(brewing, of mash, only attributive) Clear.


lauter

en-verb

lauter (third-person singular simple present lauters, present participle lautering, simple past and past participle lautered)

lauters (present singular third-person)
lautering (participle present)
lautered (participle past)
lautered (past)

(brewing, transitive) To subject to lautering.


gentamycin

(pharmacology) Alternative spelling of gentamicin.


cold one

I'm going to crack open a cold one.

They sat in a booth near the door and drank the first cold ones of the evening while watching three impassioned pinballers dickering with flashing, promising, tilting machines.

(informal) A beer; usually, a cold beer straight from a refrigerator or cooler.


malvoisie

en-noun

malvoisie (countable and uncountable, plural malvoisies)

From Middle English malvesye, malvesyn, from Anglo-Norman malvesey, malvoisin and Middle French malvoisie (which the modern form is influenced by), from Italian malvasia, from Ancient Greek Μονεμβασία (Monembasía, “Monemvasia”, a city on the Peloponnese), from μόνος (mónos, “only one”) + ἔμβασις (émbasis, “entering into”, ἐν + βάσις). Doublet of Monemvasia. Compare malmsey.

der

Now this Malvoisie has a body, and slips down the red lane with an unctuous savour; […]

1852, The Royalist and the Republican, volume 1, page 108:

Adrian stood and refilled Shelagh's glass. ‘A little more malvoisie for you?’

1991, Stephen Fry, chapter XIV, in Liar:

There, gifts were exchanged […] and Philip's mistrels performed in front of the king's mother who sat, appreciative, her customary glass of malvesey to hand.

2011, Thomas Penn, Winter King, Penguin, published 2012, page 217:


malmsey

en-noun

malmsey (countable and uncountable, plural malmseys)

Via Middle English malmesye from Middle Dutch malemeseye, from Italian via Old French, ultimately from Ancient Greek Μονεμβασία (Monembasía, “Monemvasia”, a city on the Peloponnese), from μόνος (mónos, “only one”) + ἔμβασις (émbasis, “entering into”, ἐν + βάσις). Doublet of malvoisie.

All black wines, over-hot, compound, strong, thick drinks, as muscadine, malmsey, alicant, rumney, brown bastard, metheglin, and the like […]

A sweet fortified wine made in Madeira, originally from the malvasia grape.


toxicosis

toxicosis (countable and uncountable, plural toxicoses)


oaky

en-adj

oaky (comparative oakier, superlative oakiest)

oakier (comparative)
oakiest (superlative)

Describing the taste of wine that has been aged in oak and acquired tannins from the wood.


tequila sunrise

en-noun

tequila sunrise (plural tequila sunrises)

→ Swedish: Pajala Sunrise

A cocktail made with tequila, crème de cassis, lime juice, and soda water.


bica

(pharmacology, informal) Clipping of bicalutamide.


B-52 (cocktail)
B-52 Stratofortress
Boeing

Named for Boeing's B-52 Stratofortress, a bomber aircraft used in the Vietnam War.

A cocktail shooter consisting of three distinct layers of coffee liqueur, Baileys and Grand Marnier.


zileuton

Probably from (ben)z(oth)i(ophene) + leu(ko)t(riene) + -on.

af

(pharmacology) An asthma drug that blocks leukotriene synthesis by inhibiting 5-lipoxygenase, an enzyme of the eicosanoid synthesis pathway.


tret

Important to keep in mind: It usually takes up to three months to see a difference with tretinoin. So don’t expect miracles in a matter of a few weeks. However! Because I had been using tret previously, it really was like I just added the tranexamic acid and topical spiro to my routine.

2024 September 24, Beth Gillette, “I Tested Apostrophe, and I’ll Never Get Acne Meds From My Derm’s Office Again”, in Cosmopolitan:

(pharmacology, informal) Clipping of tretinoin.


date rape drug

(informal, pharmacology) A drug with sedative, hypnotic, dissociative, or amnesiac effects which is used to assist in the commission of a sexual assault (a date rape).

In particular, the drug flunitrazepam ("roofies").


EUA

emergency use authorization
w:emergency use authorization

(pharmacology) Initialism of emergency use authorization.


lead hopping

(pharmacology) the identification of isofunctional molecular structures with significantly different molecular backbones


mevastatin

From [Term?] + -vastatin (“HMG CoA reductase inhibitor”).

Penicillium citrinum
Penicillium citrinum

(pharmacology) A statin, produced by the mould Penicillium citrinum, used in the production of pravastatin


pravastatin

From pra- (of unknown origin) + -vastatin (“HMG CoA reductase inhibitor”).

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A statin used to lower blood cholesterol levels, especially after a heart attack.


TMA

en-noun

TMA (countable and uncountable, plural TMAs)

a TMA system is the kind of thing that explains English “would”, “could”, “-ed”, “-ing”, “-s”, “have”, “been”, etc.

c. 2003, David J. Peterson, The Kelenala TMA System:

(linguistics) Initialism of tense, mood, and aspect.

A little over 50 years later – with LSD, psilocybin, psilocin, TMA, several compounds based on DMT and various other isomers – the number was up to almost 20.

2005 January 30, Drake Bennett, “Dr. Ecstasy”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

(chemistry, countable) Initialism of trimethoxyamphetamine.


TMA

[…] transmisogyny-affected (TMA) people, are in the greatest danger of TERF violence, and thus their critiques take priority in the fight against TERFs. With TMA people routinely excluded from the bounds of academia, […] impacted by transmisogyny; […]

2020, S. L. Cavar, Enacting Transbutch: Queer Narratives Beyond Essentialism:

(LGBTQ) Abbreviation of transmisogyny-affected.


bromhexine

(pharmacology) A mucolytic agent used in the treatment of respiratory disorders associated with viscid or excessive mucus.


abciximab

From fragment antigen-binding + -ci- (“cardiovascular”) + -ximab (“chimeric monoclonal antibody”).

af

(pharmacology) A powerful anticlotting drug (trademark ReoPro) that inhibits platelet aggregation by binding to a glycoprotein receptor on human platelets and that consists of the F_(ab) fragment from a chimeric monoclonal antibody prepared from humans and mice.


qinghaosu

/ˌt͡ʃɪŋhaʊˈsuː/

Borrowed from Mandarin 青蒿素 (qīnghāosù, “sweet wormwood element”).

bor

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) The drug artemisinin.


jeropiga

en-noun

jeropiga (countable and uncountable, plural jeropigas)

A liqueur made from partially fermented malt or wine, found mainly in Portugal.


azithromycin

(pharmacology) A semisynthetic macrolide antibiotic C₃₈H₇₂N₂O₁₂ (trademarks Zithromax, Z-PAK) that is derived from erythromycin and is used especially as an antibacterial agent.


long-acting

en-adj

long-acting (comparative more long-acting, superlative most long-acting)

more long-acting (comparative)
most long-acting (superlative)

I have tried all the medium and short acting non-barbiturate sedatives since the war (including thalidomide) but they don’t work and I don’t trust the newfangled long acting, “safe” analgesics.

1988, E[dward] J[ames] Moran Campbell, Not Always on the Level, [London]: British Medical Journal, →ISBN, page 194:

(pharmacology) Having a pharmaceutical effect principally in the long term.


erythromycin

en-noun

erythromycin (countable and uncountable, plural erythromycins)

/ɪˌɹɪθ.ɹə(ʊ)ˈmʌɪ.sɪn/

/ɪˌɹɪθ.ɹəˈmaɪ.sn̩/

From Streptomyces erythreus + -o- + -mycin (“antibiotic from a Streptomyces strain”).

af

(pharmacology) An antibiotic similar to penicillin, used for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections.


beclometasone

(pharmacology) A potent glucocorticoid steroid use to treat asthma.


spasmogen

When tested on rats, the compound was found to be a spasmogen.

(pharmacology) A substance which induces spasms.


musculotropic

en-adj

musculotropic (comparative more musculotropic, superlative most musculotropic)

more musculotropic (comparative)
most musculotropic (superlative)

(pharmacology) Acting on muscle tissue, particularly with a stimulating effect.


musculotropic

(pharmacology) An antispasmodic drug which acts upon muscle.


hydrochlorothiazide

en-noun

hydrochlorothiazide (countable and uncountable, plural hydrochlorothiazides)

/ˌhaɪ.dɹəˌklɔɹ.əˈθaɪ.əˌzaɪd/

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A diuretic drug, 6-chloro-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-7-sulfonamide 1,1-dioxide, that inhibits the kidneys' ability to retain water and lowers blood pressure.


thiazide

/ˈθʌɪ.əz.ʌɪd/

From thio- + azine + oxide, or blend of (benzo)thia(di)azine + dioxide.

(pharmacology) Any of a class of sulfur-containing drugs that increase the excretion of sodium and chloride and are used as diuretics and to assist in lowering the blood pressure.


neurotropic

en-adj

neurotropic (comparative more neurotropic, superlative most neurotropic)

more neurotropic (comparative)
most neurotropic (superlative)

(pharmacology) Of or pertaining to neurotropism.


provine

en-verb

provine (third-person singular simple present provines, present participle provining, simple past and past participle provined)

provines (present singular third-person)
provining (participle present)
provined (participle past)
provined (past)

From French provingner, from provin (“a set, layer of a plant”), Old French provain, from Latin propago, propaginis, akin to propagare (“to propagate”). See propagate and prune.

Do not provine, but fill up all places which have become vacant by two-year plants from the nursery

1872, John Louis William Thudichum, August Dupré, A Treatise on the Origin, Nature, and Varieties of Wine:

(obsolete) To lay a stock or branch of a vine in the ground for propagation.


phytoequivalence

From phyto- + equivalence. Calque of the German Phytoäquivalenz, a term of the same meaning which was introduced by the German Commission E, an expert commission on herbal medicine, in the 1980s.

(pharmacology, herbal medicine) A physiological equivalence between the effects of two herbal extracts, the efficacy of one of which has been clinically demonstrated.

Phytoäquivalenz

physiological equivalence between two herbal extracts


ciclosporin

rheumatoid arthritis
rheumatoid arthritis

(pharmacology) An immunosuppressive drug C₆₂H₁₁₁N₁₁O₁₂ that is a cyclic polypeptide obtained as a metabolite from a fungus (Tolypocladium inflatum) and is used especially to prevent rejection of transplanted organs and in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis.


sharab

From Persian شراب (šarâb, “wine”), from Arabic شَرَاب (šarāb, “wine, beverage”), from شَرَبَ (šaraba, “to drink”).

In the meantime, the black giant had begun his own survey of the campground, where three nights earlier Hanukkah and his fellows had shared a roast goat and a looted cask of sharab […]

2007, Michael Chabon, Gentlemen of the Road, Sceptre, published 2008, page 49:


shock therapy

en-noun

shock therapy (usually uncountable, plural shock therapies)

From shock + therapy. The medical sense first appears c. 1917 in the Journal of Experimental Medicine.

(medicine, pharmacology) The use of a single, very large dose of a medicine.


lemon drop

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-lemon drop.wav

A cocktail of vodka with lemon juice and sugar.


azidothymidine

azidothymidine (countable and uncountable, plural azidothymidines)

azidothymidines (plural)
AZT (abbreviation)

/eɪˌzʌɪ.dəʊˈθʌɪ.mɪ.diːn/


zidovudine

zidovudine (countable and uncountable, plural zidovudines)

(pharmacology) A nucleoside analog reverse-transcriptase inhibitor C₁₀H₁₃N₅O₄, a type of antiretroviral drug that inhibits replication of some retroviruses (such as HIV) and was first approved for the treatment of AIDS.


natalizumab

From [Term?] + -li- (“immunomodulating”) + -zumab (“humanized monoclonal antibody”).

af

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis and Crohn's disease.


QID

Abbreviation of Latin quater / quattuor in diē.

Dilatation of this type “irons out the folds” of the urethra, giving better drainage of the paraurethral glands, stimulating circulation and promoting rapid healing, especially when small doses (7½ gr. q.i.d.) of one of the triple-sulfonamides are given as an adjunct.

1951 January, Gordon W. Reynolds, “The Female Urethra and Chronic Urethritis”, in Northwest Medicine, volume 50, number 1, Portland, Ore.: Northwest Medical Publishing Association, page 34:


amphotericin B

(biochemistry, pharmacology) An antibiotic that is obtained from a soil streptomycete (Streptomyces nodosus) and is administered typically by intravenous injection chiefly to treat serious, potentially life-threatening, systemic fungal infections.


CAI

en-noun

CAI (countable and uncountable, plural CAIs)

(pharmacology) Initialism of carbonic anhydrase inhibitor.


docusate

(pharmacology) Synonym of docusate sodium.


tamoxifen

tamoxifen (countable and uncountable, plural tamoxifens)

From t(rans)- + am(ine) + oxy- + phen(yl).

Treatment with tamoxifen after surgery reduced cancer relapse rates by nearly 50 percent.

2010, Siddhartha Mukherjee, The Emperor of All Maladies, Fourth Estate (2011), page 4:

(pharmacology) A nonsteroidal estrogen antagonist used in the treatment of postmenopausal breast cancer and infertility in women.

-oxifene

antiestrogen or estrogen receptor modulator


liquid courage

“Their findings essentially suggest that while intoxication may not have resulted in beer goggles, it did seem to increase liquid courage, in that people were more likely to indicate a desire to interact with attractive others,” said Monk, whose previous research had found some evidence to support the beer goggles effect.

2023 August 30, Linda Geddes, “‘Beer goggles’ study finds alcohol does not make people seem better looking”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:

(idiomatic) Alcohol drunk to induce a feeling of courage.


Buck's Fizz

Buck's Fizz (countable and uncountable, plural Buck's Fizzes)

A cocktail of two parts champagne to one part orange juice.


cerumenolytic

(pharmacology) A chemical that softens or removes cerumen (earwax).


cerumenolytic

en-adj

cerumenolytic (comparative more cerumenolytic, superlative most cerumenolytic)

more cerumenolytic (comparative)
most cerumenolytic (superlative)

(pharmacology) Of or relating to cerumenolysis, the process of softening cerumen (earwax) for removal.


gabapentin

gamma-aminobutyric acid
gamma-aminobutyric acid

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) An anticonvulsant drug C₉H₁₇NO₂ structurally related to gamma-aminobutyric acid that is administered orally as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial seizures.


antifibrotic

an antifibrotic treatment

(pharmacology) Acting to inhibit or reduce fibrosis


antifibrotic

An antifibrotic was administered.

(pharmacology) A drug that inhibits or reduces fibrosis

antifibrótico

a drug that inhibits or reduces fibrosis


Bolivian marching powder

Bolivia and Peru were the leading producer countries through most of the 1980s and 1990s.

Your brain at this moment is composed of brigades of tiny Bolivian soldiers. They are tired and muddy from their long march through the night. There are holes in their boots and they are hungry. They need to be fed. They need the Bolivian Marching Powder.

1984, Jay McInerney, Bright Lights, Big City, →ISBN, page 2:

For those enamored of the glitzy life, coke—snow, blow, nose candy, Bolivian Marching Powder—became the drug.

1986, Robert Emmet Long, Drugs and American Society:

McDermott's got on this wool suit by Lubiam with a linen pocket square by Ashear Bros., a Ralph Lauren cotton shirt and a silk tie by Christian Dior and he's about to toss a coin to see which one of us is going downstairs to fetch the Bolivian Marching Powder since neither one of us wants to sit here in the booth with the girls […]

1991, Bret Easton Ellis, “Nell's”, in American Psycho, London: Picador, →ISBN, page 200:

[…]greedily inhale another ten lines of uncut Bolivian marching powder[…]

2003, Mark St. Amant, “Sleepless in Florence”, in Sean O'Reilly, Larry Habegger, James O'Reilly, editors, Hyenas Laughed at Me and Now I Know Why, →ISBN, page 148:

Not quite as much fun as the real Halston, since Mr. McGregor was smoking green-tea cigarettes instead of Trues, snorting sugary, vitamin-like Inositol instead of Bolivian marching powder and, due to Covid restrictions, conjuring disco fever with just 48 extras in the Studio 54 scenes.

2021 May 7, Maureen Dowd, “Ewan McGregor: Dahling, He’s Halston!”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:


neomycin

en-noun

neomycin (countable and uncountable, plural neomycins)

From neo- + -mycin (“antibiotic derived from Streptomyces”).

af

The bowel is prepared preoperatively with neomycin and sulfathalidine. A wide transverse lower abdominal incision is used.

1954 February 15, Oswald S. Lowsley, Thomas H. Johnson, Antonio E. Rueda, “Operation for Urinary Diversion”, in Modern Medicine, volume 22, number 4, Minneapolis, Minn.: Modern Medicine Publications, Inc., page 89:

Streptomyces fradiae
Streptomyces fradiae#Translingual

(biochemistry, pharmacology) A broad-spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic related to streptomycin that is produced by a streptomyces (Streptomyces fradiae) and used medically especially to treat local infections.


dexamethasone

en-noun

dexamethasone (countable and uncountable, plural dexamethasones)

From dex- + -a- + -methasone (“prednisone or prednisolone derivative”).

af

Many dexamethasones act as anti-inflammatory agents.

Lee showed her how to feed the baby with the dexamethasone syrup.

2019, Namwali Serpell, The Old Drift, Hogarth, page 245:

Dexamethasone, a widely available and affordable generic steroid, was shown to cut the risk of death by a third for Covid patients on ventilators, and by nearly a fifth for those on oxygen therapy.

2021 March 23, Natalie Grover, Denis Campbell, “Dexamethasone hailed as lifesaver for up to a million Covid patients worldwide”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:

(pharmacology, biochemistry) A synthetic member of the glucocorticoid-class of steroid hormones, having the chemical formula C₂₂H₂₉FO₅, and used especially as an anti-inflammatory agent.


puromycin

en-noun

puromycin (countable and uncountable, plural puromycins)

(pharmacology) An antibiotic that is a strong inhibitor of protein translation.


isoniazid

isoniazid (countable and uncountable, plural isoniazids)

(pharmacology) A synthetic, crystalline compound, C₆H₇N₃O, (trademarks Hydra, Hyzyd, Isovit, Laniazid, Nydrazid, Rimifon, Stanozide) used as a bacteriostatic medication in the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis.


prodrug

/ˈpɹəʊ.dɹʌɡ/

/ˈpɹoʊ.dɹʌɡ/

(pharmacology) A drug that is administered in an inactive form that is metabolised in the body into a biologically active compound.


metronidazole

metronidazole (countable and uncountable, plural metronidazoles)

From me(thyl) + -tronidazole (“alteration of nitroimidazole”).

af

(pharmacology) An antibiotic of the nitroimidazole group, used to treat vaginal trichomoniasis, amebiasis, and infections by anaerobic bacteria.


cardioprotective

en-adj

cardioprotective (comparative more cardioprotective, superlative most cardioprotective)

more cardioprotective (comparative)
most cardioprotective (superlative)

Whereas a naturally caffeinated food such as chocolate contains about 12 milligrams of caffeine, and beverages such as coffee and tea contain up to 95 milligrams of natural caffeine per serving, energy drinks can contain as much as 300 grams of synthetic caffeine per serving.
 This spike in caffeine content has been associated with heart attacks in young people, but some studies show that coffee and tea have cardioprotective effects.

2023 December 6–12, Vance Voetberg, “Aging Effects of Synthetic Versus Natural Caffeine”, in The Epoch Times, U.S. edition, number 489, B, page 9:

(pharmacology) That serves to protect the heart.


cardioprotective

(pharmacology) A remedy that serves to protect the heart.


arrhythmogenic

arrhythmogenic (comparative more arrhythmogenic, superlative most arrhythmogenic)

more arrhythmogenic (comparative)
most arrhythmogenic (superlative)

Catecholamines have an arrhythmogenic effect.

(cardiology, pharmacology) Relating to arrhythmogenesis


antiepileptic

This drug has an antiepileptic effect.

(pharmacology) Acting to prevent epileptic seizures


carbenoxolone

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A synthetic derivative of glycyrrhizinic acid having the chemical formula C₃₄H₅₀O₇; used as a drug for treatment of various conditions including esophageal inflammation.


international unit

en-noun

international unit (plural international units)

(pharmacology) A particular, minute unit of mass, defined differently for different substances, but so that varying substances of the same general type have the property that one international unit of the one has the same effect on the human body as one international unit of the other.


adequately wet

(toxicology, construction) Of asbestos: made wet for safety reasons, in order to prevent the escape of harmful particles, for example during demolition.


IU

international unit
international unit#English

(pharmacology) Initialism of international unit.


methylprednisolone

methylprednisolone (countable and uncountable, plural methylprednisolones)

The patient was treated with methylprednisolone, cyclophosphamide, and azathioprine, as well as burn center protocol care with daily tankings.

1993, Virginia Medical Quarterly, volumes 120–121, page 44:

(biochemistry, pharmacology) A synthetic glucocorticoid, C₂₂H₃₀O₅, used chiefly in the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune disorders.


maderize

en-verb

maderize (third-person singular simple present maderizes, present participle maderizing, simple past and past participle maderized)

maderizes (present singular third-person)
maderizing (participle present)
maderized (participle past)
maderized (past)

From French madériser, from Madeira, as the wines are oxidized.


DDI

en-noun

DDI (countable and uncountable, plural DDIs)

(pharmacology) Abbreviation of dideoxyinosine; also ddI.


clonidine

clonidine (usually uncountable, plural clonidines)

(pharmacology) A drug that acts as an α₂-adrenoreceptor agonist, used in the treatment of hypertension, opiate withdrawal, and a variety of other conditions.


quinacrine

quinacrine (countable and uncountable, plural quinacrines)

A drug with various applications, including as an antimalarial, having the chemical formula C₂₃H₃₀ClN₃O


atabrine

atabrine (usually uncountable, plural atabrines)

Discoid lesions and minor subacute involvement may be controlled by freezing with carbon dioxide or a course of atabrine.

1954 February 15, Henry E. Michelson, “The Syndrome of Lupus Erythematosus”, in Modern Medicine, volume 22, number 4, Minneapolis, Minn.: Modern Medicine Publications, Inc., page 96:


artemether

From arte- (“artemisinin-related compound”) + meth- + ether.

af

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) An antimalarial derived from artemisinin, and used to treat multiply drug-resistant strains of falciparum malaria.


chloroquine

en-noun

chloroquine (countable and uncountable, plural chloroquines)

From chloro- + -quine (“quinoline derivative”).

confix

(pharmacology) A 4-aminoquinoline drug used to treat and prevent malaria, having the chemical formula C₁₈H₂₆ClN₃.


malbec

en-noun

malbec (countable and uncountable, plural malbecs)

Borrowed from French malbec, said to be named after a Hungarian winemaker who brought it to France.

A variety of grape used in making red wine, originally from France, but now predominantly grown in Argentina.


mezcal

mezcal (countable and uncountable, plural mezcals)


lumefantrine

An antimalarial drug having the chemical formula C₃₀H₃₂Cl₃NO


mefloquine

From me(thyl) (“quinoline derivative”) + fl(uor)o- + -quine.

af

The same year the UN banned mefloquine for peacekeeping troops in Cambodia because of concern about the drug's "neuropsychiatric side effects… in military personnel".

2002 October 24, Mark Honigsbaum, “'It's not a benign drug—it has ruined my life'”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:

I take thalazole to control the stools, mefloquine for the malaria.

2007, Teju Cole, Every Day is for the Thief, Faber & Faber (2015), page 154:

(pharmacology) An antimalarial drug C₁₇H₁₆F₆N₂O similar to quinine that consists of a fluorinated derivative of quinoline and is used in the form of its hydrochloride for the prevention and treatment of malaria.


duloxetine

(pharmacology) A drug that functions as an SNRI and is administered orally in the form of its hydrochloride C₁₈H₁₉NOS·HCl especially to treat depression, anxiety, and chronic pain (such as that associated with fibromyalgia and peripheral neuropathy). It is marketed under the trademark Cymbalta.


mirtazapine

en-noun

mirtazapine (countable and uncountable, plural mirtazapines)

Probably from m(ethyl) + irt- (“inversion of tri-”) + aza- (“nitrogen”) + -apine (“psychoactive tricyclic compound”).

af

(pharmacology) An antidepressant drug C₁₇H₁₉N₃ taken orally especially to treat major depressive disorder. It is marketed under the trademark Remeron.


pharma

We're investing in pharma and biotech.

(business, pharmacy, pharmacology) The pharmaceutical or drug-making sector.


psychostimulant

en-adj

psychostimulant (comparative more psychostimulant, superlative most psychostimulant)

more psychostimulant (comparative)
most psychostimulant (superlative)

a psychostimulant effect

(pharmacology) Tending to increase mental alertness and awareness


psychostimulant

(pharmacology) A drug that acts to temporarily increase mental alertness or awareness


metergoline

(pharmacology) A synthetic compound with the chemical formula C₂₅H₂₉N₃O₂, used as an antagonist.


meprobamate

en-noun

meprobamate (countable and uncountable, plural meprobamates)

From me(thyl) + pro(pyl) + -bamate (“tranquilizer”).

af

(pharmacology) A carbamate derivative used as an anxiolytic drug.


rivastigmine

From riva- (of known origin) + -stigmine (“acetylcholinesterase inhibitor”).

(pharmacology) A drug C₁₄H₂₂N₂O₂ that increases acetylcholine levels by inhibiting the action of cholinesterase and is used to treat dementia associated with Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.


neostigmine

From neo- + -stigmine (“acetylcholinesterase inhibitor”).

(pharmacology) An anticholinesterase drug used in the form of its bromide C₁₂H₁₉BrN₂O₂ or a methyl sulfate derivative C₁₃H₂₂N₂O₆S especially in the diagnosis and treatment of myasthenia gravis and in the treatment of urinary bladder or bowel atony.


physostigmine

en-noun

physostigmine (countable and uncountable, plural physostigmines)

From translingual Physostigma venenosum (“the Calabar bean”) + -ine.

af

The substance is physostigmine, a drug first isolated from the Calabar bean (Physostigmine venenosum), a climbing liana that grows in swampy coastal areas of West Africa from Sierra Leone south and east as far as the Cameroons.

1985, Wade Davis, The Serpent and the Rainbow, Simon & Schuster, page 40:

(biochemistry, pharmacology) A parasympathomimetic, a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor alkaloid of the Calabar bean, used to treat certain medical conditions.


indometacin

From indo(le) + meth(yl) + ac(etic acid) + -in.

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A compound with anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic properties, used chiefly to treat rheumatoid arthritis and gout.


breathalyse

en-verb

breathalyse (third-person singular simple present breathalyses, present participle breathalysing, simple past and past participle breathalysed)

breathalyses (present singular third-person)
breathalysing (participle present)
breathalysed (participle past)
breathalysed (past)

(chiefly British) Alternative spelling of breathalyze


xylazine

The user had a hunch that there was fentanyl in the powder but feared the presence of xylazine, a dangerous animal tranquilizer that can leave oozing wounds on limbs.

2022 December 24, Noah Weiland, “A High-Tech Strategy for Keeping Drug Users Safe: Analyzing Their Fentanyl”, in The New York Times:

In her shattered Philadelphia neighborhood, and increasingly in drug hot zones around the country, an animal tranquilizer called xylazine — known by street names like “tranq,” “tranq dope” and “zombie drug” — is being used to bulk up illicit fentanyl, making its impact even more devastating.

2023 January 7, Jan Hoffman, “Tranq Dope: Animal Sedative Mixed With Fentanyl Brings Fresh Horror to U.S. Drug Zones”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

(pharmacology) A potent α₂-adrenergic agonist used for sedation, anesthesia, and analgesia in large mammals; it is also misused as an adulterant in street drugs.


-estr-

(pharmacology) Used to form names of estrogens.


Blog

Coined by the Liverpool Science Fiction Society in 1955 at the Cytricon convention held in the George Hotel, Kettering, Northamptonshire. It was used as the fake sponsor of an audio play and fake advertisements were placed around the hotel; an actual drink was later served at the hotel bar after customers asked for it.

Drink Blog!

1955, Liverpool Science Fiction Society, advertisement hung by hotel bar

"Why, we've got the greatest defense of all, right here," said the Lion. "We can all drink a little Blog, and hoaxes won't affect us. After all, Blog cures everything, from gafia to snake-bites."

1959, Terry Carr, Ron Ellik (as Carl Brandon), “The Witch”, in The BNF of Iz, archived from the original on 2013-07-21:

The waitress sized me up and evidently my aura met with her approval because she came over, smiled the smile of professional waitresses and left a mimeographed drink list. I had no time to be surprised by the list, which included selections such as Xeno, Blog, Grog, Nuclear Fizzes, "Smoooooth" Jack Daniels, India Pale Ale and Bheer (Home Brew 25¢ extra) because it was at this point that my old friend Ichabod wandered up.

1981 November, Rich Brown, “Up Here in the Dream Nickle”, in Science-Fiction Five-Yearly, number 7, page 9:

That doesn't explain why I haven't seen anyone objectionably drunk at Minicons over the past five or six years. There's generally kegs of three or more different and excellent micro-brewery beers in the consuite, along with Blog (which is alcoholic by definition, when unmodified), and other alcoholic drinks are available at a dozen or more of the open room parties.

1997 February 23, Don Fitch, “Fan Drinking (Was Re: The Death of the SF Bestseller?...)”, in rec.arts.sf.fandom (Usenet), message-ID <19970223083900.DAA05871@ladder02.news.aol.com>:

(dated, fandom slang, originally nonce word, humorous) A cocktail or punch served at science fiction conventions. Ingredients vary for different conventions.


antiobesity

antiobesity medication

(pharmacology, nutrition, of a drug, etc.) Serving to counter obesity.


sevoflurane

From sev(en) + -o- + -flurane (“halogenated compound”).

af

(pharmacology, surgery) A sweet-smelling, non-flammable, highly fluorinated methyl isopropyl ether used for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia.


clindamycin

(pharmacology) A lincosamide antibiotic drug C₁₈H₃₃ClN₂O₅S, mostly used to treat infections with anaerobic bacteria.


artesunate

en-noun

artesunate (countable and uncountable, plural artesunates)

From arte- (“artemisinin-related compound”) + su(cci)nate.

af

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A drug, of the artemisinin group, used to treat malaria.


antifibrinolytic

(pharmacology) Serving to inhibit fibrinolysis.


antifibrinolytic

(pharmacology) An antifibrinolytic agent.


sorafenib

(pharmacology) A small molecule drug used to treat cancer of the kidney and liver.


bevacizumab

From beva- (of unknown origin) + -ci- (“cardiovascular”) + -zumab (“humanized monoclonal antibody”).

genetically engineered
genetically engineered

vascular endothelial growth factor
vascular endothelial growth factor

(pharmacology) An anticancer drug that is a genetically engineered monoclonal antibody administered intravenously to slow or inhibit tumor growth especially in some metastatic forms of cancer (such as colorectal cancer). It acts by binding to and inhibiting the activity of vascular endothelial growth factor, a protein that promotes the growth of new blood vessels which supply a spreading tumor. It is marketed under the trademark Avastin.


imatinib

Origin unknown; the suffix -tinib denotes a pharmaceutical drug that is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor.

(pharmacology) A drug used to treat certain types of cancer.


everolimus

From [Term?] + -rolimus (“rapamycin derivative”).

(pharmacology) A derivative of rapamycin, used as an immunosuppressant to prevent rejection of organ transplants.


temsirolimus

(pharmacology) An intravenous drug for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma, a derivative of sirolimus.


sirolimus

From [Term?] + (mac)rol(ide) + -imus (“immunosuppressant”).

Streptomyces hygroscopicus
Streptomyces hygroscopicus#Translingual

(pharmacology) An immunosuppressive drug C₅₁H₇₉NO₁₃ that is a macrocyclic lactone obtained from a soil bacterium Streptomyces hygroscopicus and is taken orally especially to prevent rejection of transplanted organs.


utopiate

Blend of utopia + opiate. The noun usage was coined by Richard H. Blum of Stanford University in 1964.

(pharmacy) A drug providing escape from the problems of reality, and giving dreams of utopia.


cabernet

en-noun

cabernet (countable and uncountable, plural cabernets)


misoprostol

From m(ethyl) + iso- + -prost- (“prostaglandin”) + -ol.

af

(pharmacology) A drug used for various purposes including the prevention of drug-induced gastric ulcers and the inducement of abortions, having the chemical formula C₂₂H₃₈O₅.

misoprostol

drug used for the prevention of drug-induced gastric ulcers and the inducement of abortions


varenicline

From vare- (of unknown origin) + -nicline (“nicotinic cholinergic receptor agonist”).

Farewell Zyban, hello Champix, Pfizer's name for a new compound called varenicline, which is not an anti-depressant but a ‘nicotine receptor partial agonist’.

nicotinic cell receptor
nicotinic acetylcholine receptor

(pharmacology) A drug taken orally in the form of its tartrate C₁₃H₁₃N₃·C₄H₆O₆ as an aid to stop smoking. It binds to nicotinic cell receptors to block the activity of nicotine while also acting as an agonist to reduce nicotine cravings and withdrawal symptoms. It is marketed under the trademark Chantix.


zotepine

en-noun

zotepine (countable and uncountable, plural zotepines)

(pharmacology) An antipsychotic drug used to treat acute and chronic schizophrenia.


nadolol

Probably from na(phthalene) + d(i)ol + -olol (“β-adrenoceptor antagonist”).

af

(pharmacology) A beta blocker C₁₇H₂₇NO₄ taken orally in the treatment of hypertension and angina pectoris.


metoprolol

(pharmacology) A beta-blocking drug related to propranolol, used to treat hypertension and angina.


tiotropium

From thio- (“containing sulfur”) + -trop- (“atropine derivative”) + -ium (“quaternary ammonium compound”).

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

(pharmacology) An anticholinergic drug administered by oral inhalation in the form of its bromide C₁₉H₂₂NO₄S₂Br·H₂O as a bronchodilator in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.


denosumab

From arbitrary prefix den- + -os- (“bone”) + -umab (“human monoclonal antibody”).

(pharmacology) A drug (trademarks Prolia and Xgera) that is a genetically engineered monoclonal antibody that reduces bone resorption and increases bone mass by inhibiting osteoclast formation and function and that is administered by injection to prevent fractures associated with osteoporosis and malignant tumors of bone and to treat hypercalcemia associated with various cancers.


propranolol

en-noun

propranolol (countable and uncountable, plural propranolols)

‘I can see from your records you were prescribed propranolol for your headaches.’

2020, Dr Amir Khan, The Doctor Will See You Now, Ebury Press (2021), page 194:

(pharmacology) A synthetic compound which acts as a beta blocker and is used mainly in the treatment of cardiac arrhythmia.


infliximab

From infl(ammatory) + -li- (“immunomodulating”) + -ximab (“chimeric monoclonal antibody”).

af

tumor necrosis factor
tumor necrosis factor

(pharmacology) An immunosuppressive drug (trademark Remicade) administered by intravenous injection especially to treat the symptoms of Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and rheumatoid arthritis. It is a chimeric monoclonal antibody prepared from humans and mice that acts by binding to and blocking the activity of tumor necrosis factor.


mustache ride

Boy, do I feel horrible after drinking too many mustache rides last night.

An alcoholic beverage consisting of equal parts spiced rum and orange juice served over ice.


teahead

(slang, dated) A habitual marijuana smoker.


febarbamate

From [Term?] + -barb- (“barbituric acid derivative”) + (c)arbamate.

(pharmacology) A particular muscle relaxant.


decamethonium

From deca- + meth(ylene) + -onium (“quaternary ammonium compound”).

decamethonium bromide
decamethonium bromide#English

(pharmacology) Synonym of decamethonium bromide.


atracurium

From atra- (of unknown origin) + -curium (“curare-like substance”).

neuromuscular junction
neuromuscular junction

(pharmacology) A muscle relaxant administered intravenously in the form of its besylate C₆₅H₈₂N₂O₁₈S₂ especially in conjunction with general anesthesia to facilitate insertion of an endotracheal tube or to relax skeletal muscles during surgery or mechanical ventilation. It counteracts the action of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine at neuromuscular junctions by binding to the same receptors it acts upon.


dantrolene

Probably from (hy)dan(toin) + (ni)tro- + (methy)l(id)ene.

(pharmacology) A postsynaptic muscle relaxant that lessens excitation–contraction coupling in muscle cells.


mountain dew

So called because it was often illicitly distilled in the mountains.

[…] and a big-bellied bottle of old whiskey — for there is nothing like mountain-dew taken internally for resisting the effects of night mists.

1837 November, “Leistering Salmon by Torch-Light”, in New Sporting Magazine, volume XIII, number 79, page 310:

1870s or 1870s, George Etell Sargent, The Story of a City Arab, Religious Tract Society, page 387.
How they were employed was manifest from the strong perfume of tobacco and mountain dew (illicit whisky) which, striking upon me as I entered, almost overpowered my senses, […]

(Southern US, Ireland) Illegally distilled whiskey.


India pale ale

en-noun

India pale ale (countable and uncountable, plural India pale ales)

From India + pale ale, from being the type of beer, an ale with little colouration, shipped from Britain to India, with a higher hops content to prevent spoilage and further fermentation during transit.

This action proceeds most satisfactorily at a temperature of 72° F., and care is taken in the brewing of the finer varieties of beer, such as India pale ale and bitter beer, […]

1868, Chambers's Encyclopædia: A Dictionary of Universal Knowledge, page 810:

Not bad for an amber or pale ale, but India pale ale, I don't think so. So why does Bass put IPA on the label?

1998, Pete Slosberg, Beer for Pete's Sake: The Wicked Adventures of a Brewing Maverick, page 128:

Hence, the India pale ale style was born.

2005, Sam Calagione, Brewing Up a Business: Adventures in Entrepreneurship from the Founder of Dogfish Head Craft Brewery, page 149:

(alcoholic beverages) A beer, with a high level of alcohol and hops, traditionally made for export from Britain to India.


isoflurane

(pharmacology) A halogenated ether, 2-chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)-1,1,1-trifluoroethane, that is used as an inhalation anesthetic.


isoproterenol

isoproterenol (countable and uncountable, plural isoproterenols)

/ˌʌɪ.səp.ɹəʊ.təˈɹiː.nɒl/

/ˌʌɪ.səʊ.pɹəʊ.təˈɹiː.nɒl/


torcetrapib

A drug having the chemical formula C₂₆H₂₅F₉N₂O₄, which was originally planned for use against hypercholesterolemia but is no longer in development


bisacodyl

From bis- + ac(etate) + -o- + (pyri)dyl.

(pharmacology) A stimulant laxative typically prescribed for relief of constipation and for the management of neurogenic bowel dysfunction.


cordiaminum

central nervous system
central nervous system

A solution of nicotinic acid diethylamide, used as a stimulant of the central nervous system.


tolazoline

tolazoline (countable and uncountable, plural tolazolines)

(pharmacology) A non-selective competitive α-adrenergic receptor antagonist, a vasodilator used to treat spasms of peripheral blood vessels (as in acrocyanosis) and in veterinary medicine to reverse xylazine-induced sedation.


pristinamycin

From [Term?] + -mycin (“antibiotic derived from Streptomyces”).

af

(pharmacology) An antibiotic used primarily in the treatment of staphylococcal infections, and to a lesser extent streptococcal infections.


syrah

en-noun

syrah (countable and uncountable, plural syrahs)

Borrowed from French syrah. The derivation from the Persian city name of Shiraz (شیراز) is today believed to be a legend. The same goes for derivations from Syria, Syracuse or the Greek island of Syros. The name might be connected to the Celtic root Proto-Celtic *serrā, "billhook", referring to the method of harvesting.

A dark-skinned variety of grape, used to produce red wines.


trub

trub (countable and uncountable, plural trubs)

Borrowed from German trüb, from Old High German truobi, from Proto-Germanic *drōbuz (English droff (“turbid, sorrowful, sad”)), cognate with Dutch droef (“sad, miserable”).

(brewing, uncountable) The layer of sediment that appears at the bottom of the fermenter after yeast has completed the bulk of the fermentation.


nonvintage

Hidalgo’s nonvintage La Gitana manzanilla, a favorite aperitif in Spain, is so delicate that an opened 500-milliliter bottle stays zippy only two days when refrigerated.

2009 January 18, Howard G. Goldberg, “The Brief Life of a Charmer”, in New York Times:

And after a manhug, hearty congratulations and two hastily poured glasses of decidedly nonvintage champagne, he said, without a hint of irony, 'Why?'

2012, Dylan Jones, Mr Jones' Rules for the Modern Man:

(wine) Not a vintage wine: not made from grapes harvested during a single year


amlodipine

From am(ino-ch)lo(ro) + di(hydro)p(yrid)ine.

calcium channel blocker
calcium channel blocker

(pharmacology) A long-acting calcium channel blocker used as an anti-hypertensive and in the treatment of angina


anticlotting

A year ago, Baxter International and APP Pharmaceuticals split the domestic market for heparin, an anticlotting drug needed for surgery and dialysis .

2009 January 20, Gardiner Harris, “Drug Making’s Move Abroad Stirs Concerns”, in New York Times:

(pharmacology) Acting to reduce or prevent the formation of blood clots

anticoagulante

acting to reduce or prevent the formation of blood clots


metformin

metformin (countable and uncountable, plural metformins)

From meth- + -formin (“phenformin derivative”).

af

(pharmacology) A biguanide derivative, C₄H₁₁N₅, used, now chiefly as the hydrochloride, as an oral hypoglycemic agent in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus; 1,1-dimethylbiguanide.


Robitussin

Trademark, from combining Robins (surname of the original maker) and tussive or similar.

A dose of guaifenesin, plain and simple Robitussin / To liquefy the mucous membranes.

1997, “The Druggist”, Joel Mabus (music):

Any of various cold and cough medicines.


bapineuzumab

From [Term?] + neu(ral) + -zumab (“humanized monoclonal antibody”).

(pharmacology) A humanized monoclonal antibody that acts on the nervous system and has potential therapeutic value for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and possibly glaucoma.


ribavirin

en-noun

ribavirin (countable and uncountable, plural ribavirins)

From rib(oside) + -a- + -vir- (“antiviral”) + -in.

af

Due to the paucity of approved treatments, it should come as no surprise that thousands of PWAs/PWARCs have found it necessary to try some of the more widely available alternative treatments. These include DNCB (a compound applied topically that has been used for Kaposi's sarcoma), ribavirin (an anti-viral treatment) and isoprinosene (an immune enhancer).

1988 August 13, Miranda Kolbe, “A PWA Movement of Guerrilla Clinics”, in Gay Community News, volume 16, number 5, page 8:

(pharmacology) A synthetic analog of guanosine with chemical formula C₈H₁₂N₄O₅ that inhibits viral nucleic acid synthesis and is used as a broad-spectrum antiviral drug especially in the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus infection and chronic hepatitis C.


Bloody Caesar

(Canada) A cocktail made from clamato (clam-tomato juice) and vodka, and often garnished with celery.


antiendotoxic

en-adj

antiendotoxic (comparative more antiendotoxic, superlative most antiendotoxic)

more antiendotoxic (comparative)
most antiendotoxic (superlative)

(toxicology, pharmacology) That counteracts the effects of an endotoxin

antiendotóxico

that counteracts the effects of an endotoxin


carbenicillin

(pharmacology) A broad-spectrum semisynthetic form of penicillin C₁₇H₁₈N₂O₆S used to treat infection by Gram-negative bacteria (as pseudomonas).


chloramphenicol

en-noun

chloramphenicol (countable and uncountable, plural chloramphenicols)

/ˌklɔɹˌæmˈfɛn.ɪˌkɔl/

From chlor- + am(ide) + phen- + ni(tro)- + (gly)col.

af

(pharmacology) A broad-spectrum antibiotic C₁₁H₁₂Cl₂N₂O₅ isolated from cultures of a soil actinomycete (Streptomyces venezuelae) or prepared synthetically and used against serious infections such as typhoid fever.


sulfadoxine

(pharmacology) A long-lasting sulfonamide often used to treat or prevent malaria and certain infections of livestock.


mitomycin

From mito- (“nucleotoxic agent”) + -mycin (“antibiotic derived from Streptomyces”).

(pharmacology) Any of a family of aziridine-containing natural products isolated from the filamentous bacterium Streptomyces lavendulae, one of which is used as a chemotherapeutic agent.


nandrolone

(pharmacology) A semisynthetic anabolic steroid C₁₈H₂₆O₂ derived from testosterone that is used in the form of its ester derivatives medically especially to treat anemia associated with kidney disease and illicitly (as by athletes and bodybuilders) to increase muscle mass.


exemestane

From [Term?] + -mestane (“aromatase inhibitor”).

(pharmacology) An antineoplastic drug C₂₀H₂₄O₂ (trademark Aromasin) that is taken orally in the treatment of advanced breast cancer in postmenopausal women. It is a steroidal aromatase inhibitor that suppresses the synthesis of estrogen, a hormone that acts as a growth factor for breast cancer cells.


ethnobotany

en-noun

ethnobotany (usually uncountable, plural ethnobotanies)

(pharmacology) The scientific study of traditional medicinal plants used by various ethnic groups.


etomidate

From eth(yl) + -o- + (i)mid(azole) + (carboxyl)ate.

af

(pharmacology) A short-acting intravenous anaesthetic, ethyl 3-[(1R)-1-phenylethyl]imidazole-4-carboxylate.


citalopram

Probably from cy(ano)- + (ph)thal(imide) + -o- + pr(opyl)am(ine).

(pharmacology) A drug that functions as a SSRI and is administered orally in the form of its hydrobromide C₂₀H₂₁FN₂O·HBr to treat depression and anxiety. It is marketed under the trademark Celexa.


letrozole

From [Term?] + -rozole (“imidazole-triazole derivative”).

(pharmacology) A nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor C₁₇H₁₁N₅ (trademark Femara) that is administered orally to treat breast cancer in postmenopausal women.


antiseizure

anti-seize

etymologically similar but idiomatically noninterchangeable

Most neurologists would start a patient like the chief justice on one of a number of antiseizure drugs, Dr. Miller said.

2007 July 31, Linda Greenhouse, “Chief Justice Is Hospitalized After Seizure”, in New York Times:

(pharmacology) Intended to combat or reduce seizures.


antituberculosis

XDR-TB is defined as tuberculosis that is resistant to the two most important antituberculosis drugs (isoniazid and rifampin)[…].

2007 March 20, Lawrence K. Altman, “Rise of a Deadly TB Reveals a Global System in Crisis”, in New York Times:

(pharmacology) Acting to combat or counteract tuberculosis


viognier

en-noun

viognier (countable and uncountable, plural viogniers)

Though the red we drank was fine with the dish, a white, like a rich viognier with a pedigree — a Condrieu, of course — suits it in far better style.

2007 April 4, Florence Fabricant, “Chicken Meets Fingerlings, and Trumps Lobster”, in New York Times:

A white wine made chiefly from viognier grapes.


amikacin

amikacin (countable and uncountable, plural amikacins)

From ami(no)- + -kacin (“kanamycin and bekanamycin derivative”).

af

XDR-TB is defined as tuberculosis that is resistant to the two most important antituberculosis drugs (isoniazid and rifampin), along with […] a member of the fluoroquinolone class and at least one of three others (capreomycin, kanamycin and amikacin).

(pharmacology) A semisynthetic aminoglycoside antibiotic that is derived from kanamycin and is administered intravenously or intramuscularly in the form of its sulfate C₂₂H₄₃N₅O₁₃·2 H₂SO₄ to treat serious bacterial infections.


antianxiety

Among the most frequent offenders are antidepressants and antianxiety drugs, blood pressure medications and opioid pain relievers.

2007 April 10, Jane E. Brody, “A Lively Libido Isn’t Reserved for the Young”, in New York Times:

(psychology, pharmacology) Acting to combat or reduce anxiety.


antianxiety

(pharmacology) A medication that combats or reduces anxiety.

antiansietas

a medication that combats or reduces anxiety


apramycin

en-noun

apramycin (countable and uncountable, plural apramycins)

(pharmacology) An aminoglycoside antibiotic.


-micin

Blend of translingual Micromonospora + -mycin.

blend

(pharmacology) Used to form names of aminoglycosides, antibiotics obtained from various Micromonospora.


netilmicin

en-noun

netilmicin (countable and uncountable, plural netilmicins)

(pharmacology) An aminoglycoside antibiotic used in the treatment of serious infections, particularly those resistant to gentamicin.


arbekacin

arbekacin (countable and uncountable, plural arbekacins)

(pharmacology) A semisynthetic aminoglycoside antibiotic.


-mycin

(pharmacology) Used to form names of antibiotics produced by Streptomyces strains.

-micin

antibiotics obtained from Micromonospora


-mycin

From Ancient Greek μύκης (múkēs, “fungus”).

(pharmacology) Used to form names of antibiotics that pertain to fungi


minerality

That steely minerality and lightness of being make Chablis one of life’s underrated pleasures.

2007 September 16, S.S. Fair, “Chardonnay: An Apologia”, in New York Times:

(wine) Having characteristics associated with mineral water


capreomycin

capreomycin (countable and uncountable, plural capreomycins)

From Latin capreolus + -mycin (“antibiotic”).

(pharmacology) A cyclic peptide antibiotic obtained from a bacterium Saccharothrix mutabilis capreolus, commonly grouped with the aminoglycosides, given in combination with other antibiotics for tuberculosis.


muscadet

Unconventionally, he recommends a Loire red with fresh oysters, a dish the French customarily consume with muscadet, a piercing Loire white.

2007 July 22, Howard G. Goldberg, “Loire to Order: Offbeat Choice”, in New York Times:

A white grape grown chiefly in the Loire valley of France, or a dry white wine made from this grape.


metyrapone

/mɪˈtʌɪ.ɹə.pəʊn/

From meth- + (dip)yr(idyl) + -a- + (pro)p(an)one.

af

(pharmacology) A compound that inhibits the enzyme 17β-hydroxylase and prevents synthesis of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids by the adrenal gland, used chiefly for assessment of feedback control of the hypothalamic–pituitary axis in adrenal disease, and sometimes in the treatment of Cushing's syndrome and resistant edema; 2-methyl-1,2-di-3-pyridyl-1-propanone, C₅H₄N·CO·C(CH₃)₂·C₅H₄N.


midazolam

I got the vial of midazolam out of the crash trolley and squeezed the contents into the patientʼs mouth.

2020, Dr Amir Khan, The Doctor Will See You Now, Ebury Press (2021), page 127:

(pharmacology) A sedative of the benzodiazepine class, used (as the hydrochloride) chiefly as a premedication for anesthesia; 8-chloro-6-(2-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine, C₁₈H₁₃ClFN₃.


modafinil

Certain drugs such as modafinil, used to treat narcolepsy, have been shown to improve cognition and are becoming increasingly popular with students revising for exams.

2009 January 21, Arran Frood, “The future is now”, in Nature, volume 457, number 7228, →DOI:

In 2003, modafinil was approved by the United States Department of the Air Force as a ‘Go Pill’ for management of fatigue in certain aircrews.

2013, Barbara Sahakian, Jamie Nicole LaBuzetta, Bad Moves: How decision making goes wrong, and the ethics of smart drugs, OUP Oxford, →ISBN:

A stimulant often used in the treatment of various sleep disorders, having the chemical formula C₁₅H₁₅NO₂S


ethambutol

(pharmacology) A synthetic bacteriostatic antimycobacterial drug C₁₀H₂₄N₂O₂ that is a derivative of ethylenediamine, used in the form of its hydrochloride and in combination with other drugs to treat tuberculosis.


clopidogrel

Probably from chlo(ro)- + p(yr)id(ine) + -o- + -grel (“platelet aggregation inhibitor”).

For every 1,000 patients treated with prasugrel instead of clopidogrel, there would be three fewer cardiac-related deaths and 21 fewer nonfatal heart attacks — but there would also be two additional deaths caused by bleeding and three more incidents of serious but nonfatal bleeding, Dr. Unger told the panel.

2009 February 4, Natasha Singer, “F.D.A. Panel Approves Lilly Drug for Clotting”, in New York Times:

coronary artery disease
coronary artery disease

(pharmacology) An oral antiplatelet agent used to inhibit blood clots in coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease, and cerebrovascular disease, having the chemical formula C₁₆H₁₆ClNO₂S


drostanolone

(pharmacology) An anabolic steroid used to lower cholesterol levels and as an antineoplastic agent in the treatment of some cancers.


thiopental

/ˌθʌɪ.əʊˈpɛn.təl/

(pharmacology) A barbiturate C₁₁H₁₈N₂O₂S (trademark Pentothal) used in the form of its sodium salt especially as an intravenous anesthetic; and as a supposed truth serum.


winegrowing

Nine riders […] dropped out with injuries sustained in two crashes during the 136km trip from suburban Adelaide through the Clare Valley winegrowing region to Victor Harbour on the coast.

2009 January 23, Ron Reed, “Winds cause crash carnage”, in Herald Sun, archived from the original on 2009-01-29:

Synonym of viticulture, the cultivation of grape vines for wine production.


hyperglycemic

(pharmacology) A drug used to treat hyperglycemia.


epoetin

A type of erythropoietin used to treat patients suffering from anemia caused by chronic kidney disease


ratafia

en-noun

ratafia (countable and uncountable, plural ratafias)

/ˌɹætəˈfiːə/

Borrowed from Creole French ratafia, from the Latin phrase rata fiat (conventio) (“the deal is made”), a drinking toast expression to celebrate a deal or an agreement. Or, sharing an Arabic origin with arak.

“Stop that there infernal screeching!” said a couple of ladies, who were sipping ratafia in company with two pretty fellows.

1839, William Makepeace Thackeray, Catherine: A Story:

Steeped cucumber ratafia with Pimm's and Sprite is garnished with a squash blossom at T'afia in Houston.

2007 August 29, Pete Wells, “Bottling the Bounty of the Season”, in New York Times:

A liqueur or cordial flavored with peach or cherry kernels, bitter almonds, or other fruits.


efavirenz

/ɛˈfæv.ɪˌɹɛnz/

/ˌɛf.əˈvaɪˌɹɛnz/

Probably from ef (“fluorine”) + -a- + -vir- (“antiviral”) + (b)enz(oxazinone).

af

In generic form, it costs one-eighth as much as efavirenz, the most closely related drug.

2007 January 11, Donald G. Mcneil Jr., “AIDS Drug to Protect Fetus Is Safe for Infected Mothers, Study Finds”, in New York Times:

(pharmacology) A nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor C₁₄H₉ClF₃NO₂ that is administered orally with other antiretroviral agents in the treatment of type-1 HIV infection.


diclofenac

From the systematic name 2-(2-(2,6-dichlorophenylamino)phenyl)acetic acid.

A study by Merck of its pain reliever Arcoxia showed similar risks of heart attacks and other cardiovascular problems compared with another painkiller, diclofenac, federal reviewers said in an analysis made public Tuesday.

2007 April 11, Reuters, “Merck Reports Risk of Its New Pain Pill”, in New York Times:

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A painkiller having the chemical formula C₁₄H₁₁Cl₂NO₂


pargyline

en-noun

pargyline (countable and uncountable, plural pargylines)

(pharmacology) the monoamine oxidase inhibitor N-benzyl-N-methyl-prop-2-yn-1-amine.


paromomycin

Blend of Ancient Greek παρόμοιος (parómoios, “closely resembling”) + neomycin.

blend

(pharmacology) A mixture of broad-spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotics related to neomycin and produced by some strains of the bacterium Streptomyces rimosus, given orally in the form of the sulfate C₂₃H₄₅N₅O₁₄·H₂SO₄ in the treatment of intestinal amebiasis.


azitromycin

(pharmacology) An azalide antibiotic derived from erythromycin.


cefuroxime

From cef- (“cefalosporanic acid derivative”) + fur(yl) + oxime.

af

(pharmacology) A second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic.


-e-

The final vowel of hamster, as the initial vowel would be a homonym of -a- from rat.

(pharmacology) a monoclonal antibody derived from a hamster source

-mab is the base suffix common to all monoclonal antibodies


pancuronium

From p(iperidine) + an(drostane) + -curonium (“neuromuscular blocking agent”).

Pancuronium bromide has been used frequently for muscle relaxation during cardiac anesthesia and has been reported to provide superior hemodynamics compared with vecuronium (171) or with metocurine or metocurine-pancuronium combinations.

2001, Michael P. Eaton, Peter L. Bailey, “Chapter 10: Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Anesthetics”, in Fawzy G. Estafanous, Paul G. Barash, J. G. Reves, editors, Cardiac Anesthesia: Principles and Clinical Practice, 2nd edition, page 305:

The second chemical is pancuronium bromide, a relative of curare.

2007 March 2, Adam Liptak, “Florida Panel Urges Steps for Painless Executions”, in New York Times:

The only long-acting relaxant that is still used in some institutions is pancuronium.

2009, Charles J. Coté, Jerrold Lerma, Robert M. Ward, Ralph A. Lugo, Nishan Goudzougian, “Chapter 6: Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacology of Drugs Used in Children”, in Charles J. Coté, Jerrold Lerman, I. David Todres, editors, A Practice of Anesthesia for Infants and Children, page 131:

(pharmacology) A synthetic steroid which is used as a neuromuscular blocking agent.


yellow snow

en-noun

yellow snow (usually uncountable, plural yellow snows)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-yellow snow.wav

A mixed drink consisting of one part of pineapple juice and three parts of pineapple flavored vodka.


lamivudine

From [Term?] + -vudine (“zidovudine derivative”).

af

(pharmacology) A nucleoside analog reverse-transcriptase inhibitor, 2′,3′-dideoxy-3′-thiacytidine (C₈H₁₁N₃O₃S) that is taken orally in the treatment of HIV and chronic hepatitis B.


peb

No whip, then pedal bike risk it, he flipped it / Back out my shank and dip it, ballistic / Push in my shank and twist it / Pebs in cling, that’s Oreo biscuits

2017 November 29, Digga D, Sav’O, TY (lyrics and music), “Next Up?”, performed by CGM:

(slang) Clipping of pebble (“small piece of crack cocaine”).


clenbuterol

From (di)chl(oroph)en(yl) + -buterol (“phenethylamine derivative”).

(pharmacology) The decongestant and bronchodilator 1-(4-amino-3,5-dichlorophenyl)-2-(tert-butylamino)ethanol.


furmint

en-noun

furmint (countable and uncountable, plural furmints)

From Hungarian furmint, from Middle French fromenté (“a type of grape”). Doublet of frumenty.


felodipine

(pharmacology) A calcium antagonist used to control hypertension.


propofol

en-noun

propofol (countable and uncountable, plural propofols)

From contraction of (diiso)prop(yl)ph(en)ol + -o-.

The more likely scenario, the medical examiner testified, was that Dr. Murray had mistakenly administered a much larger dose of propofol than he realized, one that was lethal to his patient.

2012, Randall Sullivan, Untouchable: The Strange Life and Tragic Death of Michael Jackson, Grove/Atlantic, Inc., →ISBN:

(pharmacology) A sedating and hypnotic agent C₁₂H₁₈O administered intravenously to induce and maintain anesthesia or sedation.


allopurinol

allopurinol (countable and uncountable, plural allopurinols)

(pharmacology) A synthetic drug which inhibits uric acid formation, used to treat gout and related conditions.


ezetimibe

Probably from ezet- (“alteration of azetidine”) + -imibe (“acyl CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase inhibitor”).

af

(pharmacology) An antihyperlipidemic medication used to lower cholesterol levels by decreasing cholesterol absorption in the intestine.


simvastatin

en-noun

simvastatin (countable and uncountable, plural simvastatins)

Probably from sim- (“alteration of synthetic”) + -vastatin (“HMG CoA reductase inhibitor”).

af

(pharmacology) A semisynthetic drug C₂₅H₃₈O₅ that decreases the level of cholesterol in the bloodstream and is derived from a compound produced by a mold (Aspergillus terreus).


pregabalin

(pharmacology) An anticonvulsant drug used for neuropathic pain and as an adjunct therapy for seizures.


celecoxib

en-noun

celecoxib (usually uncountable, plural celecoxibs)

From cele- (“alteration of selective”) + -coxib (“cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor”).

af

non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug

(pharmacology) A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (trademark Celebrex) used in the treatment of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, acute pain, painful menstruation and menstrual symptoms, and to reduce numbers of colon and rectum polyps in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis.


mianserin

Contains -anserin (“serotonin receptor antagonist”).

A tetracyclic antidepressant with antihistaminic and hypnosedative properties.


danazol

From dan- (“alteration of androgenic”) + (isox)azol(e).

(pharmacology) A derivative of the synthetic steroid ethisterone that inhibits the release of gonadotropins by the pituitary gland, formerly used to treat endometriosis.


trazodone

(pharmacology) An antidepressant drug C₁₉H₂₂ClN₅O administered in the form of its hydrochloride.


prasugrel

For every 1,000 patients treated with prasugrel instead of clopidogrel, there would be three fewer cardiac-related deaths and 21 fewer nonfatal heart attacks […].

(pharmacology) A specific thienopyridine platelet clogging inhibitor having the chemical formula C₂₀H₂₀FNO₃S.


clavulanic acid

From translingual Streptomyces clavuligerus + -ane + -ic and acid.

Streptomyces clavuligerus
Streptomyces clavuligerus#Translingual

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A beta-lactam compound C₈H₉NO₅ produced by the bacterium Streptomyces clavuligerus that is a beta-lactamase inhibitor and is usually used in the form of its clavulanate salt of potassium especially in combination with amoxicillin.


majoun

Borrowed from Arabic مَعْجُون (maʕjūn, literally “paste”).

bor

I recall once after an overdose of Majoun (this is Cannabis dried and finely powdered to consistency of green powdered sugar and mixed with some confection or other usually tasting like gritty plum pudding, but the choice of confectionary is arbitrary . . .).

1962 [1959], William S. Burroughs, Naked Lunch, New York: Grove Press, pages 219–220:

A paste originating in Morocco, made from marijuana and honey, and ingested as a recreational drug.


meropenem

en-noun

meropenem (usually uncountable, plural meropenems)

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A broad-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic used to treat meningitis and pneumonia


phenelzine

She had a history of depression and was taking phenelzine, an antidepressant.

2009 March 3, Barron H. Lerner, “A Life-Changing Case for Doctors in Training”, in New York Times:

(pharmacology) A synthetic compound used as a monoamine oxidase inhibitor.


probenecid

probenecid (countable and uncountable, plural probenecids)

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A synthetic sulfur-containing compound which promotes increased excretion of uric acid and is used to treat gout.


multidose

State health officials said yesterday they hoped to get the C.D.C.s support in seeking the elimination of such multidose vials.

2007 November 16, Paul Vitello, “Patients Were Not Told of Misuse of Syringes”, in New York Times:

(pharmacology) Containing multiple doses


alprazolam

From al(pha) + p(henyl) + (t)r(i)azol(o) + -(azep)am.

af

Also in Mr. Ledger’s system were three anti-anxiety medications: diazepam, the generic name for Valium; alprazolam, commonly known as Xanax; and temazepam[…].

2008 February 7, James Barron, “Medical Examiner Rules Ledger’s Death Accidental”, in New York Times:

(pharmacology) A drug (trademark Xanax) of the benzodiazepine group (8-chloro-1-methyl-6-phenyl-4H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine), used in the treatment of anxiety.


maraviroc

From [Term?] + -viroc (“chemokine CC motif receptor 5 antagonist”).

In two Phase 3 studies […] more than 40 percent of patients who received maraviroc had undetectable levels of virus after 24 weeks of a 48-week study.

2007 February 28, Lawrence K. Altman, “2 New Drugs Offer Options in H.I.V. Fight”, in New York Times:

(pharmacology) A specific drug used in the treatment of HIV to inhibit viral entry into cells.


nevirapine

From [Term?] + -vir- (“antiviral”) + -apine (“alteration of diazepine”).

reverse transcriptase
reverse transcriptase

(pharmacology) An antiretroviral drug C₁₅H₁₄N₄O structurally related to the benzodiazepines that inhibits reverse transcriptase and is administered orally in combination with at least one other antiretroviral to treat HIV-1 infection.


rimonabant

That compound, rimonabant, works on the pleasure centers in the brain to suppress appetite.

2007 February 8, Stephanie Saul, “Over-the-Counter Weight-Loss Drug Is Approved”, in New York Times:

An anti-obesity drug which acts as an appetite suppressant.


fenofibrate

en-noun

fenofibrate (countable and uncountable, plural fenofibrates)

From pheno- + -fibrate (“clofibrate derivative”).

af

(pharmacology) A lipid-regulating drug C₂₀H₂₁ClO₄ that is administered orally to reduce levels of LDL, triglyceride, and apolipoprotein B and increase levels of HDL and is used chiefly to treat hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia. It is metabolized in the liver to form pharmacologically-active fenofibric acid, and is marketed under the trademarks Antara, Fenoglide, Lipofen, Lofibra, TriCor, and Triglide.


dutasteride

From [Term?] + -steride (“testosterone reductase inhibitor”).

benign prostatic hyperplasia
benign prostatic hyperplasia

(pharmacology) A synthetic drug C₂₇H₃₀F₆N₂O₂ that inhibits 5-alpha-reductase to convert testosterone into dihydrotestosterone and is used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia.


hypolipidemic

en-adj

hypolipidemic (comparative more hypolipidemic, superlative most hypolipidemic)

more hypolipidemic (comparative)
most hypolipidemic (superlative)

(pharmacology) That reduces the concentration of lipid in blood serum

ipolipemizzante

that reduces the concentration of lipid in blood serum


hypolipidemic

(pharmacology) Any drug that reduces the concentration of lipid in blood serum


platensimycin

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A natural antibiotic occurring in strains of Streptomyces platensis.


sporicidal

sporicidal (comparative more sporicidal, superlative most sporicidal)

more sporicidal (comparative)
most sporicidal (superlative)

(pharmacology, medicine) Referring to a sporicide or the activity of a sporicide.


stanozolol

Seven weeks later, Palmeiro tested positive for the anabolic steroid stanozolol.

2008 January 16, Alan Schwarz, “Justice Department Asked to Investigate Tejada”, in New York Times:

(pharmacology) A synthetic anabolic steroid derived from testosterone, chemical formula C₂₁H₃₂N₂O.


Chablis

en-noun

Chablis (countable and uncountable, plural Chablis)

A variety of dry white wine from this region


charry

en-adj

charry (comparative charrier, superlative charriest)

charrier (comparative)
charriest (superlative)

(wine) Having a flavour of charred wood.


malolactic

The yeast seems to take up some of the malolactic bug by-products, especially diacetyl, and therefore reduces that butterscotchy aroma.

1994, Dennis Schaefer, Vintage talk: conversations with California's new winemakers:

(winemaking) Describing a type of fermentation in which malic acid is converted into lactic acid


antinausea

She took an antinausea drug before the flight.

(pharmacology) Intended to prevent or combat nausea


malt whiskey

en-noun

malt whiskey (countable and uncountable, plural malt whiskeys)

(US) Alternative spelling of malt whisky


malpitte

Datura stramonium
Datura stramonium#Translingual

(South Africa) A weed in the nightshade family (Datura stramonium), which can be used as a hallucinogenic drug.


sulbactam

From sul(fonyl) + -bactam (“β-lactamase inhibitor”).

af

(pharmacology) A beta-lactamase inhibitor that is usually administered in the form of its sodium salt C₈H₁₀NNaO₅S in combination with a beta-lactam antibiotic (as ampicillin).


tazobactam

From t(ri)azo(lyl) + -bactam (“β-lactamase inhibitor”).

(pharmacology) A compound that inhibits the action of bacterial beta-lactamases, used in antibiotics.


tacrolimus

From translingual t(sukubaensis) + (m)acrol(ide) + -imus (“immunosuppressant”).

Itoh, S. & Navia, M. A. Structure comparison of native and mutant human recombinant FKBP12 complexes with the immunosuppressant drug FK506 (tacrolimus) .

2009 March 5, Kohsuke Inomata et al., “High-resolution multi-dimensional NMR spectroscopy of proteins in human cells”, in Nature, volume 458, number 7234, →DOI:

(pharmacology) An immunosuppressive drug obtained from Streptomyces tsukubaensis used mainly after organ transplantation.


meph

Friday afternoon, 4.30. The order has gone to my dealer: two bags of meph, 50ml of G.

2017, James Wharton, Something for the Weekend, Biteback Publishing, →ISBN:


mephedrone

The recreational drug 4-methylmethcathinone, related to cathinone.


oxyphenbutazone

(pharmacology) A metabolite of phenylbutazone.


mepivacaine

From me(thyl) + pi(pecoloxylidide) + -vacaine (“alteration of Novocaine”).

(pharmacology) A local anesthetic derived from piperidine and similar in structure and action to lidocaine, usually given by injection as the hydrochloride; (1-methyl-2-piperidyl)formo-2′,6′-xylidide, C₁₅H₂₂N₂O.


felbamate

From phe(ny)l + -bamate (“tranquilizer”).

(pharmacology) An anticonvulsant drug C₁₁H₁₄N₂O₄ that is used to treat severe epilepsy or epilepsy that is unresponsive to other drugs.


apraclonidine

(pharmacology) A sympathomimetic used in glaucoma therapy.

apraklonidiini

sympathomimetic drug used in glaucoma therapy


tocilizumab

From arbitrary prefix to- + -ci- (“cardiovascular”) + -li- (“immunomodulating”) + -zumab (“humanized monoclonal antibody”).

(pharmacology) A human monoclonal antibody against the interleukin-6 receptor. Used to attenuate counterproductive immune responses in certain diseases (autoimmune or infectious).


omalizumab

From [Term?] + -li- (“immunomodulating”) + -zumab (“humanized monoclonal antibody”).

(pharmacology) A monoclonal antibody used mainly in allergy-related asthma therapy with the purpose of reducing allergic hypersensitivity.


nabilone

From nab- (“cannabinoid receptor agonist”) + [Term?] + -one.

The others, dronabinol (Marinol, Syndros) and nabilone (Cesamet), are pills used to curb nausea in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and to stimulate appetite in AIDS patients with wasting syndrome.

2021 March 8, Jane E. Brody, “Medical Marijuana Is Not Regulated as Most Medicines Are”, in The New York Times:

(pharmacology) A synthetic cannabinoid used therapeutically as an antiemetic and as an adjunct analgesic for neuropathic pain.


lacosamide

(pharmacology) A medication for the adjunctive treatment of partial-onset seizures and diabetic neuropathic pain.


rasagiline

/ɹəˈsæd͡ʒ.ɪˌlin/

From rasa- (of unknown origin) + -giline (“MAO inhibitor type B”).

(pharmacology) An inhibitor of monoamine oxidase used as a monotherapy in early Parkinson's disease or as an adjunct therapy in more advanced cases.


clobazam

From chlo(ro)- + b(enzodi)az(epine) + am(ide).

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A benzodiazepine derivative used as an anxiolytic and anticonvulsant; C₁₆H₁₃ClN₂O₂.


desogestrel

(pharmacology) A synthetic progestogen C₂₂H₃₀O used in birth control pills in combination with ethinylestradiol.


levonorgestrel

(pharmacology) A synthetic progestogen used as an active ingredient in some hormonal contraceptives.


naloxone

From nal- (“opioid receptor antagonist/agonist”) + (hydr)ox(y) + -one.

(pharmacology) An opioid inverse agonist used to counter the effects of an overdose on opioids (such as heroin or morphine).


antispasmatic

(pharmacology) Referring to something that suppresses spasms, generally a drug.


antispasmatic

(pharmacology) A drug that suppresses spasms.


beer baron

He was everything you expected an old time beer baron to be. He was a hard task master, tough and he expected everyone else to work hard.

1987, Keith Dunstan, The Amber Nectar, Ringwood: Vicking O'Neil, page 89:

A prominent owner of a large-scale beer brewing enterprise.

(US) Somebody who organises the illegal production and sale of beer during a time of Prohibition.


flunixin

nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, analgesic, and antipyretic used in horses.


formoterol

From form(amide) + -o- + -terol (“phenethylamine derivative”).

(pharmacology) An agonist used in the management of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, causing bronchodilation by relaxing the smooth muscle in the airway.


sodium fluoride

(inorganic chemistry, pharmacology) A poisonous crystalline salt NaF that is used in trace amounts in the fluoridation of drinking water and toothpastes, in metallurgy, as a flux, and as a pesticide.


cefixime

From cef- (“cefalosporanic acid derivative”) + -i- + (o)xime.

(pharmacology) An oral cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat gonorrhea, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, and otitis media.


spectinomycin

en-noun

spectinomycin (countable and uncountable, plural spectinomycins)

From translingual spect(abilis) + [Term?] + -mycin (“antibiotic”).

af

(pharmacology) An aminocyclitol antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces spectabilis.


ofloxacin

From o(xa)- + -floxacin (“nalidixic acid derivative”).

Ofloxacin and ceftriaxone had the highest sensitivity pattern to these uropathogens.

2015 July 24, Fidelis Agwu Onu et al., “Profile and microbiological isolates of asymptomatic bacteriuria among pregnant women in Abakaliki, Nigeria”, in Infection and Drug Resistance, volume 8, →DOI:

(pharmacology) A fluoroquinolone antibiotic C₁₈H₂₀FN₃O₄ composed of equal quantities of levofloxacin and dextrofloxacin, that is a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent that is used in topical solution for otic or ophthalmic use or is administered orally or intravenously for other uses.


valaciclovir

(pharmacology) An antiviral prodrug used in the management of herpes simplex and herpes zoster.


glibenclamide

en-noun

glibenclamide (countable and uncountable, plural glibenclamides)

From gli- (“antihyperglycemic”) + ben(zamide) + chl(oro)- + (sulfon)amide.

af

(pharmacology) An oral sulfonylurea antidiabetic C₂₃H₂₈ClN₃O₅S (trademarks Diaβeta, Glycovance, Micronase) used similarly to glipizide.


antidiabetic

He concludes that, in addition, as an antidiabetic regimen, he would certainly recommend a trial of benzosol in every case of this disease, especially in view of the results obtained in the cases of the three patients mentioned.


antidiabetic

(pharmacology) Any drug that counters diabetes.


tobramycin

From [Term?] + translingual (Streptoalloteichus tene)bra(rius) + -mycin (“antibiotic”).

(pharmacology) A colorless water-soluble aminoglycoside antibiotic C₁₈H₃₇N₅O₉, isolated from a soil bacterium Streptoalloteichus tenebrarius and used especially against Gram-negative bacteria. When used in combination with loteprednol to treat inflammatory conditions of the eye, tobramycin is marketed under the trademark Zylet.


antigas

Antigas medicine for babies is really effective when they're newborns and seem to always have gas pain.

2011, Quinton Skinner, Do I Look Like a Daddy to You?, page 153:

(pharmacology) Countering gas (condition of the digestive system).


valproic acid

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A synthetic crystalline compound with anticonvulsant properties, used (generally as salts) in the treatment of epilepsy.


pousse-café

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-pousse-café.wav

From French pousse-café (literally “coffee-pusher”).

bor

Mlle. Solange was horrified; but Barty insisted on waiting on the old gentleman in person, and helped him to his coffee and pousse‑café with all the humorous grace I can so well imagine, and handed him the Indépendance Belge, and went back to superintend the arrangements for the coming play.

A digestif consumed after the coffee course.


pantoprazole

Probably from panto- + -prazole (“benzimidazole derivative”).

af

(pharmacology) A benzimidazole derivative (trademark Protonix) that inhibits gastric acid secretion and is administered in the form of its sodium salt C₁₆H₁₄F₂N₃NaO₄S to treat erosive esophagitis and disorders (as Zollinger–Ellison syndrome) involving gastric acid hypersecretion.


bupropion

(pharmacology) An antidepressant drug which is also given to relieve the symptoms of nicotine withdrawal.


amodiaquine

(pharmacology) An aminoquinoline compound, related to chloroquine, used as an antimalarial and anti-inflammatory agent.


amisulpride

From ami(no)- + sul(fonyl) + -pride (“sulpiride derivative”).

(pharmacology) A selective dopamine antagonist that is used as an antipsychotic drug.


munted

en-adj

munted (comparative more munted, superlative most munted)

more munted (comparative)
most munted (superlative)

Possible etymologies:
* From a Germanic language; compare Danish munter, German munter, Old High German muntar, all meaning "lively" or "merry".
* From Scottish Gaelic mùin (“to urinate, piss”), thus analogous to the sense "pissed".
* Blend of monged + cunted.

der

(Australia, New Zealand, slang) Intoxicated (by drugs or alcohol).

(Australia, New Zealand, slang, by extension) Disgusting.

[…] "Our main sewer [trunk] is seriously munted ... I believe that is the technical term."

2011, Bob Parker, Mayor of Christchurch, to TVNZ (wryly) following a severe earthquake NZ Herald on line edition, 22-25 February 2011 (see 09:46)

(Australia, New Zealand, slang, by extension) Damaged or unusable.


lime rickey

any one of a number of different drinks containing lime juice as a primary ingredient


Scotch whisky

en-noun

Scotch whisky (countable and uncountable, plural Scotch whiskies)

Whisky distilled in Scotland, especially from malted barley.


cetuximab

(pharmacology) A chimeric (mouse/human) monoclonal antibody that targets epidermal growth factor receptor.


pimecrolimus

From [Term?] + (ma)crol(ide) + -imus (“immunosuppressant”).

af

(pharmacology) An immunomodulating agent used in the treatment of atopic dermatitis.


GHS

(pharmacology) Initialism of growth hormone secretagogue.


BZD

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) Abbreviation of benzodiazepine.

BZD

benzodiazepine — see also benzodiazepine


panitumumab

From -tum- (“tumor”) + -umab (“human monoclonal antibody”).

(pharmacology) A human monoclonal antibody used in the treatment of some cancers.


verapamil

en-noun

verapamil (countable and uncountable, plural verapamils)

Probably from vera(tryl) + (iso)p(ropyl) + am(ino) + (nitr)il(e).

af

calcium antagonist
calcium channel blocker

(pharmacology) A synthetic compound which acts as a calcium antagonist and is used to treat angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmias.


tastevin

A small, shallow cup or saucer with a reflective surface, traditionally used by winemakers and sommeliers when judging the maturity and taste of a wine.


atenolol

Probably from a(ngina) + (hyper)ten(sion) + -olol (“beta blocker”).

(pharmacology) A beta blocker used mainly to treat angina and high blood pressure.


antitubercular

(pharmacology) That is used to treat tuberculosis


betaxolol

Probably from beta adrenergic receptor + x (“cross symbol”) + -olol (“β-adrenoceptor antagonist”).

(pharmacology) A topical sympatholytic agent used to reduce ocular hypertension in the treatment of glaucoma.


betamethasone

(pharmacology) A potent glucocorticoid C₂₂H₂₉FO₅ that is isomeric with dexamethasone and has potent anti-inflammatory activity.


antiparkinsonian

(neurology, pharmacology) Any drug used to treat Parkinson's disease

antiparkinsoniano

any drug used to treat Parkinson's disease


diltiazem

From dil- (“vasodilator”) + -tiazem (“alteration of benzothiazepine”).

(pharmacology) A benzothiazepine drug, a potent vasodilator used to treat hypertension, migraine, angina pectoris, and some types of arrhythmia.


lovastatin

Probably blend of (meva)lonate + mevastatin.

(pharmacology) A statin that inhibits the synthesis of cholesterol.


famciclovir

From [Term?] + -ciclovir (“bicyclic heterocycle compound”).

(pharmacology) A prodrug form C₁₄H₁₉N₅O₄ of the antiviral agent penciclovir that after oral administration is converted to penciclovir by cellular kinases and that is used for the treatment of shingles and herpes genitalis.


penciclovir

From (iso)pen(tyl) + -ciclovir (“bicyclic heterocycle compound”).

(pharmacology) A guanine analogue antiviral drug C₁₀H₁₅N₅O₃ that is used mostly topically for the treatment of recurrent herpes labialis.


itopride

From [Term?] + -pride (“sulpiride derivative”).

(pharmacology) A prokinetic benzamide derivative used to treat gastrointestinal conditions.


mosapride

From mo(rpholinyl) + [Term?] + -pride (“sulpiride derivative”).

irritable bowel syndrome
irritable bowel syndrome

(pharmacology) A gastrokinetic drug used to treat acid reflux, irritable bowel syndrome, and functional dyspepsia.


cisapride

(pharmacology) A parasympathomimetic gastrokinetic drug.


gastrokinetic

gastrointestinal tract
gastrointestinal tract

(pharmacology) Serving to increase motility of the gastrointestinal tract.


linezolid

(pharmacology) A synthetic antibiotic of the oxazolidinone class.


metoclopramide

en-noun

metoclopramide (countable and uncountable, plural metoclopramides)

Borrowed from French métoclopramide, from métho(xy) + chlo(ro)- + pr(ocaïn)amide.

(pharmacology) A procainamide derivative that is a dopamine D₂-receptor antagonist, given (usually as the hydrochloride) orally or by injection as an antiemetic and stimulant of gastrointestinal motility; 4-amino-5-chloro-N-(2-diethylaminoethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide, C₁₄H₂₂ClN₃O₂.


counterirritant

(pharmacology) Any substance used to cause inflammation in one part of the body with the goal of lessening inflammation elsewhere.


isotretinoin

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A cis isomer of retinoic acid that is a synthetic derivative of vitamin A, inhibits sebaceous gland function and keratinization, and is used in the treatment of severe inflammatory acne but is contraindicated in pregnancy because of its implication as a cause of birth defects.


sertraline

From ser(otonin) + -traline (“serotonin reuptake inhibitor”).

af

(pharmacology) An antidepressant drug C₁₇H₁₇NCl₂ administered in the form of its hydrochloride and acting to enhance serotonin activity.


acetazolamide

en-noun

acetazolamide (countable and uncountable, plural acetazolamides)

(pharmacology) A drug that inhibits the enzyme carbonic anhydrase, used in the treatment of glaucoma and epilepsy and as a diuretic (now especially in the prevention of acute mountain sickness).

acetazolamid

carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that is used to treat glaucoma and other conditions


etacrynic acid

From eth(yl) + acry(loyl) + (phe)n(oxy) + (acet)ic acid.

af

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A powerful diuretic drug used in the treatment of fluid retention, especially that associated with heart, liver, and kidney disorders.


phenazone

en-noun

phenazone (countable and uncountable, plural phenazones)


amoxycillin

amoxycillin (countable and uncountable, plural amoxycillins)

(pharmacology) UK spelling of amoxicillin.


dronedarone

/dɹəˈnɛd.əˌɹoʊn/

From droned- (of unknown origin) + -arone (“antiarrhythmic”).

af

(pharmacology) A benzofuran derivative intended to treat cardiac arrhythmia.


yohimbine

en-noun

yohimbine (countable and uncountable, plural yohimbines)

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A toxic crystalline compound obtained from the bark of the yohimbe tree, used as an adrenergic blocking agent and also as an aphrodisiac in the treatment of impotence.


aminophylline

aminophylline (usually uncountable, plural aminophyllines)

(pharmacology) A bronchodilator comprising theophylline and ethylenediamine in a 2:1 ratio.


amobarbital

amobarbital (usually uncountable, plural amobarbitals)

(pharmacology) A barbiturate administered especially in the form of its sodium salt C₁₁H₁₇N₂NaO₃ as a hypnotic and sedative; and as a supposed truth serum.


antihyperglycemic

en-adj

antihyperglycemic (comparative more antihyperglycemic, superlative most antihyperglycemic)

more antihyperglycemic (comparative)
most antihyperglycemic (superlative)

From anti- + hyperglycemic, or anti- + hyperglycemia + -ic.

(pharmacology, of a medication or treatment) Tending to reduce hyperglycemia (high blood sugar, characteristic of diabetes).


sulphamethoxazole

(British spelling, pharmacology) Alternative spelling of sulfamethoxazole


ketazocine

From keto- + -azocine (“narcotic antagonist/agonist”).

af

(pharmacology) A cyclazocine derivative used in opioid receptor research, causing a decrease in pain sensations accompanied by paranoia and hallucinations.


succinylcholine

en-noun

succinylcholine (countable and uncountable, plural succinylcholines)

suxamethonium chloride
suxamethonium chloride#English

(pharmacology) Synonym of suxamethonium chloride.


niflumic acid

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A drug used for joint and muscular pain.


sulphadiazine

sulphadiazine (countable and uncountable, plural sulphadiazines)

(pharmacology) UK spelling of sulfadiazine.


sulfadiazine

sulfadiazine (countable and uncountable, plural sulfadiazines)

(pharmacology) A sulfonamide antibiotic that works by halting the production of folic acid inside the bacterial cell, commonly used to treat meningococcal meningitis, toxoplasmosis, and urinary tract infections.


acarbose

(pharmacology) An antidiabetic drug C₂₅H₄₃NO₁₈ (trademark Precose) that is taken orally as a tablet in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. It is an oligosaccharide produced by fermentation of a bacterium (Actinoplanes utahensis). The drug slows the absorption of glucose in the small intestine by inhibiting enzymes that break down complex carbohydrates.


enadoline

From [Term?] + -adol- (“analgesic”) + -ine.

(pharmacology) A drug which acts as a highly selective κ-opioid agonist, rejected as an analgesic because of its dysphoric effects.


cefquinome

From cef- (“cefalosporanic acid derivative”) + quin(oline) + o(xi)me.

af

(pharmacology) A cephalosporin with pharmacological and antibacterial properties valuable in the treatment of coliform mastitis and other infections in humans and animals.


cefepime

From cef- (“cefalosporanic acid derivative”) + [Term?] + (ox)ime.

(pharmacology) A cephalosporin antibiotic.