direct

en-adj

direct (comparative more direct, superlative most direct)

more direct (comparative)
most direct (superlative)

/daɪ̯əˈɹɛkt/

Borrowed from Latin dīrectus, perfect passive participle of dīrigō (“straighten, direct”), from dis- (“asunder, in pieces, apart, in two”) + regō (“make straight, rule”). Compare dress. Doublet of derecho.
For the meaning development compare with Russian напра́вить (naprávitʹ, “to direct, to turn, to aim, to level, to point”), отпра́вить (otprávitʹ, “to send, to dispatch, to forward”) connected with пра́вить (právitʹ, “to govern, to rule, to drive, to steer”).

m+

law of the excluded middle
law of the excluded middle

(mathematics, logic, of a proof) Not employing the law of the excluded middle or argument by contradiction.


unicorn

From Middle English unicorne, unikorn, from Anglo-Norman unicorne, Old French unicorne, and their source, Latin ūnicornis, from ūnus (“one”) + cornū (“horn”). Other senses from either rarity (e.g., possessing multiple skills) or by physical resemblance to having a horn (e.g., howitzer). The finance sense was coined by American investor Aileen Lee and first used in a 2013 article.

But I also think, “They’re looking for a unicorn — a magical designer who can solve all their problems.” It’s too bad unicorns don’t exist. … I have never met a designer who is an expert in all those skill areas. … Even if you find a unicorn designer with all those skills, actually doing all those things at your company is a huge amount of work.

2011 November 1, Braden Kowitz, “Hiring a designer: hunting the unicorn”, in Google Ventures:

He believes that good data scientists, “otherwise known as unicorn data scientists,” have three types of expertise.

2015 October 3, Gil Press, “These Are The Skills You Need To (Eventually) Become A $240,000+ Unicorn Data Scientist”, in Forbes:

en:someone or something rare and hard to find

en:person with so much multidisciplinary expertise as to be rare

Someone or something that is rare and hard to find.

(business) A person with multidisciplinary expertise, especially a laundry list of three or more skills in a young field such as UX design or data science (e.g., domain knowledge, statistics, and software engineering).

Coordinate term: decacorn

As the price of Web hosting plummeted and PCs and cell phones proliferated, college and grad-school dropouts like Mark Zuckerberg or Larry Page and Sergey Brin could suddenly conjure unicorns on their laptops.

2016 October 3, Tad Friend, “Sam Altman’s Manifest Destiny”, in The New Yorker:

In May 2016, out of 163 global unicorns, China had 31, with a total valuation of $154 billion or about 26 percent of global unicorn valuation.

2017, Pongsak Hoontrakul, Economic Transformation and Business Opportunities in Asia, Springer, →ISBN, page 273:

(finance) A startup company whose valuation has exceeded one billion U.S. dollars, which is solely backed by venture capitalists, and which has yet to have an IPO.


unicorn

en-verb

unicorn (third-person singular simple present unicorns, present participle unicorning, simple past and past participle unicorned)

unicorns (present singular third-person)
unicorning (participle present)
unicorned (participle past)
unicorned (past)

Since Waze, Soluto and Onavo, both Israeli startups, have had great exits in consumer tech, and Wix “unicorned” through its IPO.

2014 November 3, Itay Hod, “The Airbnb of Home-Cooked Meals”, in Daily Beast:

For eager investors looking to score in a future IPO, the eight still-private martech unicorns might be tempting. That list includes Domo, Slack, Sprinklr, Shopify, and EventBrite, all of which have “unicorned,” or surpassed the billion-dollar valuation mark, in the past year or two.

2015 April 30, John Koetsier, “29 martech unicorns: There are now almost 30 $1B+ marketing technology vendors”, in Venture Beat:

For instance, at the same time as Intercom was announcing its unicorning moment, a young Dublin tech company called Let's Get Checked (letsgetchecked.com) raised €10m in a funding round.

2018 April 1, Adrian Weckler, “Admit it: Irish tech is on the up”, in The Independent:

(finance) To exceed a valuation of one billion U.S. dollars, while solely backed by venture capitalists.


mode

From Old French mode (masculine), from Latin modus (“measure, due measure, rhythm, melody”). Doublet of modus.

der

(philosophy) That which exists only as a quality of substance.


dependent

From Middle English dependaunt, dependent, from Middle French dependant (present participle of dependre (“to depend”)) and Latin dēpendēns (present participle of dēpendeō (“to depend”)). By surface analysis, depend + -ent.

(philosophy) dependent (origination), in Buddhism, the idea that the existence of everything is conditional and dependent on a cause, and that nothing happens fortuitously or by chance.


value

en-noun

value (countable and uncountable, plural values)

From Middle English valew, value, from Old French value, feminine past participle of valoir, from Latin valēre (“be strong, be worth”), from Proto-Italic *walēō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂welh₁- (“to be strong”).

der

Appendix:Roget MICRA thesaurus/Class V § 812a. Value

He does not share his parents' values.

family values

WikiLeaks did not cause these uprisings but it certainly informed them. The dispatches revealed details of corruption and kleptocracy that many Tunisians suspected, […]. They also exposed the blatant discrepancy between the west's professed values and actual foreign policies.

2013 June 7, Gary Younge, “Hypocrisy lies at heart of Manning prosecution”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 188, number 26, page 18:

That which is valued or highly esteemed, such as one's morals, morality, or belief system.


theologist

Borrowed from Medieval Latin theologista.

1763 August 6, Elizabeth Carter, personal correspondence, in Montagu Pennington, Memoirs of the Life of Mrs. Elizabeth Carter […], Volume I, F. C. and J. Rivington (1808), page 319,
She told me with great joy and simplicity, that an English lady had told her, that our religion was very much alike. I think it is very possible that she fancied us to be Heathens or Turks, before this profound theologist set her right.

1884, William Chatterton Coupland, Translator's Preface to Eduard von Hartmann, Philosophy of the Unconscious: Speculative Results According to the Inductive Method of Physical Science, Volume I, MacMillan and Co., page viii,
What would you have, says the scientist, but an ever-widening view of Nature's operations?—is it not enough, cries the theologist, to be sure that there is a God, although "His ways are past finding out?"

2006, Syafiq Hasyim, Understanding Women in Islam: An Indonesian Perspective, Equinox Publishing, →ISBN, page 32,
Besides being known as a theologist, he [Al-Razi] was noted for being a person of great farid (beauty). ¶ Al-Razi was an intellectual leader (imam) in the fields of Qur'anic exegesis, Islamic theology, rational sciences, and linguistics.

(uncommon) One who is skilled in, professes or practices that which relates or pertains to God.


figure

→ Japanese: フィギュア (figyua)

From Middle English figure, borrowed from Old French figure, from Latin figūra (“form, shape, form of a word, a figure of speech, Late Latin a sketch, drawing”), from fingō (“to form, shape, mold, fashion”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeyǵʰ- (“to mold, shape, form, knead”). Cognate with Ancient Greek τεῖχος (teîkhos), Sanskrit देग्धि (degdhi), Old English dāg (“dough”). More at dough. Doublet of figura.

(logic) The form of a syllogism with respect to the relative position of the middle term.


squeeze

From earlier squize, squise (whence also dialectal English squizzen and squeege), first attested around 1600, further origin uncertain; probably an alteration of quease (which is attested since 1550), from Middle English queisen (“to squeeze”), from Old English cwēsan, cwȳsan (“to crush, squeeze”), itself also of unknown origin, perhaps imitative (compare Swedish qväsa, kväsa (“to squeeze, bruise, crush; quell”), Dutch kwetsen (“to injure, hurt”), German quetschen (“to squeeze”)). Or, a blend of obsolete squiss (“to squeeze”) (whence also squash and squish) with quease. Compare also French esquicher from Old Occitan esquichar (“to press, squeeze”).
The slang expression "to put the squeeze on (someone or something)", meaning "to exert influence", is from 1711. The baseball term "squeeze play" is first recorded 1905. "Main squeeze" ("most important person") is attested from 1896, the specific meaning "one's sweetheart, lover" is attested in 1970s.
The nonstandard strong forms squoze and squozen, attested dialectally since at least the mid-19th century, are by analogy with freeze.

cog

I want to be your main squeeze.

“No, Mona. Her new squeeze is one of Wage's boys.”

1984, William Gibson, Neuromancer (Sprawl; book 1), New York, N.Y.: Ace Books, →ISBN, page 9:

He spent nights cruising queer bars near the pad, saw Wiltsie at the dives, but always in the company of his squeeze, a guy he called 'Duane.'

1988, James Ellroy, Dudley Smith Trio: The Big Nowhere, LA Confidential, White Jazz, Random House, →ISBN, page 459:

His young squeeze had just backed out and had not seen the assault on her “sugar daddy” when it happened!

2012, J. Lamar, Tip Tap Toe, Xlibris Corporation, →ISBN, page 141:

But even considering that, he might have been a bit more restrained if he hadn't run into his former sexy squeeze, Penny Atieno.

2014, N. Lombardi Jr., Journey Towards a Falling Sun, John Hunt Publishing, →ISBN:

He didn't smile. "Del. I have two girlfriends already. If I wanted a third—"

2023 September 18, HarryBlank, “Hidden Depths”, in SCP Foundation, archived from the original on 2024-05-25:


ghost

en-noun

ghost (countable and uncountable, plural ghosts)

→ Japanese: ゴースト (gōsuto)

Inherited from Middle English gost, from Old English gāst (which was the word for “spirit” as well as “ghost”; the original sense survives in Modern English Holy Ghost), from Proto-West Germanic *gaist, from Proto-Germanic *gaistaz, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰéysdos, derived from *ǵʰéysd- (“anger, agitation”).
The ⟨h⟩ in the spelling appears in the Prologue to William Caxton's Royal Book, printed in 1484, in a reference to the ‘Holy Ghoost’, likely introduced by Caxton's assistant, Wynkyn de Worde, as a result of Flemish influence, where it was spelled gheest at the time. Doublet of geist.

Everyone believed that the ghost of an old lady haunted the crypt.

The mighty ghosts of our great Harries rose.

1667, John Dryden, Annus Mirabilis: The Year of Wonders, 1666. […], London: […] Henry Herringman, […], →OCLC, (please specify the stanza number):

I thought that I had died in sleep/And was a blessed ghost

1798, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, The Rime of the Ancyent Marinere:

For a moment I was puzzled, but presently, of course, it struck me that he must have seen Ayesha, wrapped in her grave-like garment, and been deceived by the extraordinary undulating smoothness of her walk into a belief that she was a white ghost gliding towards him.

1886 October – 1887 January, H[enry] Rider Haggard, She: A History of Adventure, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., published 1887, →OCLC:

Hepaticology, outside the temperate parts of the Northern Hemisphere, still lies deep in the shadow cast by that ultimate "closet taxonomist," Franz Stephani—a ghost whose shadow falls over us all.

1992, Rudolf M[athias] Schuster, The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America: East of the Hundredth Meridian, volume V, Chicago, Ill.: Field Museum of Natural History, →ISBN, page vii:

The disembodied soul; the soul or spirit of a deceased person; a spirit appearing after death.

(espionage) A covert (and deniable) agent.


token

From Middle English token, taken, from Old English tācn (“sign”), from Proto-West Germanic *taikn, from Proto-Germanic *taikną, from Proto-Indo-European *deyḱ- (“to show, instruct, teach”) with Germanic *k rather than *h by Kluge's law.
The verb is from Middle English toknen, from Old English tācnian. Cognate with German Zeichen, Dutch teken and Danish tegn.

der

that and a token will get you on the subway

(philosophy) A particular thing to which a concept applies.


token

en-verb

token (third-person singular simple present tokens, present participle tokening, simple past and past participle tokened)

tokens (present singular third-person)
tokening (participle present)
tokened (participle past)
tokened (past)

In which sense does ‘∀p ~(p & ~p)’ cause the tokening of the belief in the subject?

2008 August 27, Mikkel Gerken, “Is There a Simple Argument for Higher-Order Representation Theories of Awareness Consciousness?”, in Erkenntnis, volume 69, number 2, →DOI:


theology

en-noun

theology (usually uncountable, plural theologies)

From Middle English theologie, from Middle French theologie, from Old French theologie, from Latin theologia, from Koine Greek θεολογία (theología), from θεολόγος (theológos, adjective), from θεός (theós) + λόγος (lógos). By surface analysis, theo- + -logy.

(uncountable) The study of God, a god, or gods; and of the truthfulness of religion in general.


shadow

en-verb

shadow (third-person singular simple present shadows, present participle shadowing, simple past and past participle shadowed)

shadows (present singular third-person)
shadowing (participle present)
shadowed (participle past)
shadowed (past)

From Middle English schadowe, schadewe, schadwe (also schade > shade), from Old English sċeaduwe, sċeadwe, oblique form of sċeadu (“shadow, shade; darkness; protection”), from Proto-West Germanic *skadu, from Proto-Germanic *skadwaz (“shade, shadow”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃- (“darkness”).
Cognates:
Cognate with Scots scaddow, schaddow (“shadow”), Saterland Frisian Skaad (“shade, shadow”), Dutch schaduw (“shadow”), German Schatten (“shadow, shade”), Norwegian skodde (“fog, mist”), Irish scáth (“shadow”), Ancient Greek σκότος (skótos, “darkness, gloom”).

cog

Soon after departure, we cross the invisible border into Scotland to enjoy more stunning coastal scenery, before the line finally swings inland at Burnmouth to traverse pine-clad valleys, shadowed by the A1 trunk road until we rejoin the coast at Cove, east of Dunbar.

2022 November 30, Paul Bigland, “Destination Oban: a Sunday in Scotland”, in RAIL, number 971, page 75:

(particularly espionage) To secretly or discreetly track or follow another, to keep under surveillance.


affectionate

en-adj

affectionate (comparative more affectionate, superlative most affectionate)

more affectionate (comparative)
most affectionate (superlative)

/əˈfɛkʃənət/

Partly from Latin affectionatus, partly from affection + -ate. Doublet of aficionado.

(obsolete) Eager; passionate; strongly inclined toward something.


materialism

en-noun

materialism (countable and uncountable, plural materialisms)

/məˈtɪəɹiəlɪzəm/

Borrowed from French matérialisme. By surface analysis, material + -ism.

The result of the labours of philosophy appeared to be a total scepticism on the most important subjects of hu man duty and expectation. The irregular fears of a future state had been supplanted by the materialism of Epicurus; and this system—if system it may be called, which left them without a God, a providence, a morality, or a retribution—was the fashionable philosophy of the more cultivated classes.

1814, Joseph S. Buckminster, The Sermons by the Late Rev. Joseph S. Buckminster, Sermon I:

Medical materialism seems indeed a good appellation for the too simple-minded system of thought which we are considering. ... All such mental over-tensions, it says, are, when you come to the bottom of the matter, mere affairs of diathesis (auto-intoxications most probably), due to the perverted action of various glands which physiology will yet discover.

1902, William James, “Lecture I”, in The Varieties of Religious Experience: A Study in Human Nature […] , New York, N.Y.; London: Longmans, Green, and Co. […], →OCLC:

With the rise of Cartesian and Hobbesian mechanical philosophy and materialism in the 16th and 17th centuries, the classical argument for the immateriality of the intellect and will was simply ignored and then forgotten.

2015 January 26, Michael Egnor, “Aristotle on the Immateriality of Intellect and Will”, in Evolution News, retrieved 2021-01-11:

(philosophy) The philosophical belief that nothing exists beyond what is physical.


alternation

alternation (countable and uncountable, plural alternations)

Latin alternatio; compare French alternation.
Morphologically alternate + -ion

(logic) The "inclusive or" truth function.


agency

agency (countable and uncountable, plural agencies)

From Medieval Latin agentia, from Latin agēns (present participle of agere (“to act”)), agentis (cognate with French agence, see also agent).

moral agency

individual agency

Formally, capitalism performs its fundamental gesture—reappropriation without transformation. This bears on the question of subjective agency because this “reappropriation without transformation” is exactly what agency seeks to avoid; such a process indicates, in fact, that one's agency has failed, that one really had no agency in the first place.

2001, Todd McGowan, The Feminine "No!", SUNY Press, →ISBN, page 105:

Strictly speaking, at the level of personal agency one could say that power is a condition where one is “enabled.” I would contend that this is a condition of personal agency.

2012, Edmund V. Sullivan, A Critical Psychology, Springer Science & Business Media, →ISBN, page 75:

The feeling of being in control of one's body should involve the sense of body-ownership, plus an additional sense of agency.

2013, Andy Clark, Julian Kiverstein, Tillmann Vierkant, Decomposing the Will, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 112:

(sociology, philosophy, psychology) The capacity of individuals to act independently and to make their own free choices.


actual

From Middle English actual, actuel (“active”), from Anglo-Norman actuel, actual, and its source Late Latin actuālis (“active, practical”), from Latin actus (“act, action, performance”), from agere (“to do; to act”) + -alis (“-al”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éǵeti, from the root *h₂eǵ-.

der

In this slumbry agitation, besides her walking, and other actuall performances, what (at any time) haue you heard her say?

c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i]:

Let your holy and pious intention be actual; that is […] by a special prayer or action, […] given to God.

1650, Jeremy Taylor, The Rule and Exercises of Holy Living:

Apparently, the holy Doctor was referring to actual, rather than original, sin; yet the basis of his argument for Mary's holiness, the divine maternity, would logically lead to the conclusion that she was free from original sin also.

1946, The American Ecclesiastical Review, volume 114:

(chiefly theology) relating to a person's acts or deeds; active, practical


agape

en-adv

agape (comparative more agape, superlative most agape)

more agape (comparative)
most agape (superlative)

From a- + gape. First known use by John Milton in Paradise Lost (1667).

Its mouth yawned agape

1911 January 7, “The Man-killer”, in Poverty Bay Herald:

The bathroom door stood agape, and the peeling vinyl floor was bare.

1996, Perri O'Shaughnessy, Invasion of Privacy, page 508:

He glanced up into Richard's eyes, his own wide with wonder, his mouth hanging agape.

2005, Terry Goodkind, Chainfire, page 427:


agape

en-noun

agape (countable and uncountable, plural agapae or agapai)

(uncountable, Christianity) The love of God for mankind, or the benevolent love of Christians for others.

ⲁⲅⲁⲡⲏ

(Christianity) love of God for mankind; benevolent love for others

(countable) A love feast, especially one held in the early Christian Church in connection with the Eucharist.


wisdom

wisdom (countable and uncountable, plural wisdoms)

From Middle English wisdom, from Old English wīsdōm (“wisdom”), from Proto-Germanic *wīsadōmaz (“wisdom”), corresponding to wise + -dom or wise + doom (“judgement”). Cognate with Scots wisdom, wysdom (“wisdom”), West Frisian wiisdom (“wisdom”), Dutch wijsdom (“wisdom”), German Weistum (“legal sentence”), Danish/Norwegian/Swedish visdom (“wisdom”), Icelandic vísdómur (“wisdom”).

ᎠᎦᏙᎲᏍᏗ

The discretionary use of knowledge for the greatest good.

խոհեմություն

The ability to apply relevant knowledge in an insightful way, especially to different situations from that in which the knowledge was gained.

The ability to make a decision based on the combination of knowledge, experience, and intuitive understanding.

знания

Wiſdom…is to a man an infinite Treaſure, for ſhe is the Breath of the Power of God, and a pure Influence that floweth from the Glory of the Almighty; ſhe is the Brightneſs of Eternal Light, and an undefiled Mirror of the Majeſty of God, and an Image of his Goodneſs; ſhe teacheth us Soberneſs and Prudence, Righteouſneſs and Strength; ſhe underſtands the Subtilty of words, and Solution of dark ſentences; ſhe foreknoweth Signs and Wonders, and what ſhall happen in time to come.

1652, Eugenius Philalethes, The Fame and Confeſſion of the Fraternity of…the Roſie Croſs, pages 1-2 of the preface:

(theology) The ability to know and apply spiritual truths.


tilde

Borrowed from Spanish tilde, from Latin titulus (“superscript”) or from tildar. Doublet of titer/titre, title, titlo, tittle, and titulus. Compare Portuguese til.

apex

visually similar diacritic in Middle Vietnamese that is often confused with the tilde

(logic) The character used to represent negation, usually ~ or ¬.


yin-yang

Borrowed from Mandarin 陰陽／阴阳 (yīnyáng), from Middle Chinese 陰陽 (MC 'im yang), from Old Chinese 陰陽 (OC *qrɯm laŋ), from 陰 (“dark” → “negative force”) + 陽 (“bright” → “positive force”).

zh-l

陰陽／阴阳 (yīnyáng)


agent

From Latin agēns, present active participle of agere (“to drive, lead, conduct, manage, perform, do”).

4 June 2016, Press Association, Ronald Koeman’s agent says Dutchman has agreed terms with Everton
Ronald Koeman has agreed a deal with Everton to become their new manager, his agent has reportedly told Dutch media. The agent Rob Jansen said, according to the popular Voetbal International website, that it was now down to Southampton and Everton to agree a compensation package for the Dutchman, who has a year remaining on his contract at St Mary’s.

en:person who finds and arranges work for another

A person who looks for work for another person and brokers a deal between the hiree and hirer.


triclavianism

From tri- + Latin clavus (“nail”) + -ian + -ism, coined by George Stanley Faber in 1838.

(theology) The belief that three nails were used in the crucifixion of Jesus Christ.


yin

From early romanizations of Chinese 陰／阴 (yīn), originally used in reference to shaded areas, as of a mountain or home.

"Steamed fish and chicken and vegetable soup and even mushrooms are considered cooling foods, edible materializations of the yang, the pure primal air. The yin, or earth element, inheres in fried dishes and especially in shark's fin soup. Am I right, Mr Lee?"

1956, Anthony Burgess, Time for a Tiger (The Malayan Trilogy), published 1972, page 187:

According to traditional Chinese medicine, blood carries chi, your “life force,” which fuels all the functions of the body. When you lose blood, you lose chi, and this causes your body to go into a state of yin (cold). When yin (cold) and yang (hot) are out of balance, your body will suffer physical disorders.

2017 January 8, Leslie Hsu Oh, “I tried the Chinese practice of ‘sitting the month’ after childbirth”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2017-01-08, Health & Science:

In ancient Chinese philosophy, the opposing forces of Yin (passive, feminine, night) and Yang (active, masculine, sun) balance life.[…]
As we turn towards darker days (from November 1st until the winter solstice's darkest night on December 21st), we have a chance to turn inward for reflection. We enter a Yin phase.

2023 November 1, Katie Hopkins, “Transitions & Remembrances”, in Align & Spiral (Blog), archived from the original on 2024-02-01, Belief & Body Blog:

(philosophy) A principle in Chinese and related East Asian philosophies associated with dark, cool, female, etc. elements of the natural world.


ancestral

From Anglo-Norman ancestrel, from ancestre (“ancestor”).

Like all ordinary ancestrals, remote successor is logically reflexive.

1992, Diane Brentari, Gary N. Larson, Lynn A. MacLeod, The Joy of Grammar: A festschrift in honor of James D. McCawley, page 309:

One can take advantage of the ancestrals of basic relations such as RemoteSuccessor, to define Quace structure as follows internal to Proposal A:

2004, Paul Martin Postal, Skeptical Linguistic Essays, page 61:

I thus naturally extend the notation introduced for the ancestrals of structural relations between arcs to the nonstructural relations Sponsor and Erase, and to relations defined in terms of them like Successor.

2010, Paul Martin Postal, Edge-based Clausal Syntax, page 32:

(logic) A relationship in which something is a precursor.


anthropology

/ˌænθɹəˈpɒləd͡ʒi/

/ˌænθɹəˈpɑləd͡ʒi/

From New Latin anthropologia, from Ancient Greek ἄνθρωπος (ánthrōpos, “human, mankind”) + -λογία (-logía). By surface analysis, anthropo- + -logy.

der

(theology) The study of humanity in its relation to the divine, as in Christian anthropology.

bílaʼashdlaʼii dóó áłʼąą dineʼé naalkaah


yang

From early romanizations of Chinese 陽／阳 (yáng), originally in reference to the sunny side of areas such as mountains and dwellings.

The performance was unmistakably male and gay. The rousing lion dance that capped their performance provided the right touch of "yang" without destroying the distinct feel of something gay, Asian and new.

1985 August 17, S. H. Chua, “IGA Smashes Borders”, in Gay Community News, volume 13, number 6, page 10:

(philosophy) A principle in Chinese and related East Asian philosophies associated with bright, hot, masculine, etc. elements of the natural world.


sexual preference

en-noun

sexual preference (countable and uncountable, plural sexual preferences)

My family has shut me out from their lives because of my sexual preference.

1986 December 7, Tommy Griffis, “Personal advertisement”, in Gay Community News, volume 14, number 21, page 14:

Sexual orientation
sexual orientation#English


anthropomorphic

/ˌænθɹəʊpəʊˈmɔːfɪk/

/ˌænθɹəpəˈmɔɹfɪk/

The mystic is one to whom the unitive, pantheistic, or at least the panentheistic, aspects of the divinity are as congenial as the deistic, polytheistic, and anthropomorphic aspects are to the institutional mind.

1909, “The Quarterly Review”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name), page 124:

(of anything non-human) Having attributes or characteristics of a human being.


heterosexuality

heterosexuality (usually uncountable, plural heterosexualities)

From heterosexual + -ity or hetero- + sexuality.

The state of being sexually and romantically attracted primarily or exclusively to persons of the opposite sex.


apparition

/ˌæp.əɹˈɪʃn̩/

/ˌæp.ɚˈɪʃ.n̩/

/ˌæp.ɚˈɪ.ʃən/

From Middle French apparition, from Latin apparitio, from appareo.

the sudden apparition of the Spaniards

1855–1858, William H[ickling] Prescott, History of the Reign of Philip the Second, King of Spain, volume (please specify |volume=I to III), Boston, Mass.: Phillips, Sampson, and Company, →OCLC:

The apparition of Lawyer Clippurse occasioned much speculation in that portion of the world.

1814 July 7, [Walter Scott], Waverley; or, ’Tis Sixty Years Since. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), Edinburgh: […] James Ballantyne and Co. for Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, →OCLC:

An act of becoming visible; appearance; visibility.

The attic is haunted by the ghostly apparition of a young girl who died there.

I think it is the weakness of mine eyes / That shapes this monstrous apparition.

1599 (first performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Iulius Cæsar”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii]:

The heavenly bands […] a glorious apparition.

1667, John Milton, “Book X”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:

The apparition wobbled in front of Arthur's eyes, though the truth of the matter is probably that Arthur's eyes were wobbling in front of the apparition.

1982, Douglas Adams, Life, the Universe and Everything, page 24:

An unexpected, wonderful, or preternatural appearance; especially something such as a ghost or phantom.

привидение

(astronomy) The first appearance of a star or other luminary after having been invisible or obscured; opposed to occultation.

видимост

astronomy: the first appearance of a luminary after having been invisible or obscured

(astronomy) A period of consecutive days or nights when a particular celestial body may be observed, beginning with the heliacal rising of the body and ending with its heliacal setting.


descriptive

en-adj

descriptive (comparative more descriptive, superlative most descriptive)

more descriptive (comparative)
most descriptive (superlative)

From Latin dēscriptīvus (“containing a full description”).

der

He draws eclectically on studies of baboons, descriptive anthropological accounts of hunter-gatherer societies and, in a few cases, the fossil record.

2012 March-April, John T. Jost, “Social Justice: Is It in Our Nature (and Our Future)?”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 2, archived from the original on 2012-02-13, page 162:

(sciences, philosophy) Describing and seeking to classify, as opposed to normative or prescriptive.


bisexuality

en-noun

bisexuality (countable and uncountable, plural bisexualities)

(of humans or other animals) The state of being sexually or romantically attracted to members of either sex or gender.

1926, Dorothy E. Newton, The Bisexuality of Individual Strains of Coprinus Rostrupianus:

Recall from earlier in this paper that H. longicornis consists of obligatory bisexual diploid races (20+XX 0; 20+X) […] and variance is obscured because of the simultaneous variables of method of reproduction (bisexuality vs. thelytoky) and […]

1983, Entomological Society of America, Bulletin of the Entomological Society of America:

(chiefly botany) The state of being bisexual (“having both male and female parts or roles”).


private

en-adj

private (comparative more private, superlative most private)

more private (comparative)
most private (superlative)

→ Punjabi: ਪ੍ਰਾਈਵੇਟ (prāīveṭ)

→ Welsh: preifat

From Latin prīvātus (“bereaved, deprived, set apart from, release”), perfect passive participle of prīvō (“I bereave, deprive, release”), from prīvus (“private, one's own, peculiar”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *per; compare prime, prior, pristine. Doublet of privy.

der

(philosophy) Of the mind or language, not in principle experienceable, knowable, or understandable by others.


member

→ Japanese: メンバー (menbā)

→ Malay: member

→ Punjabi: ਮੈਂਬਰ (maimbar)

From Middle English membre, from Old French membre, from Latin membrum (“limb, body part”), from Proto-Italic *memzrom, from Proto-Indo-European *mḗms, *mēms-rom (“flesh”). Akin to Gothic 𐌼𐌹𐌼𐌶 (mimz, “meat, flesh”), Crimean Gothic menus.
Coexists with native Middle English lim, limb (“member, limb, joint”) (from Old English lim (“limb, joint, main branch”)), and displaced Middle English lith (“limb, joint, member”) (from Old English liþ (“limb, member, join, tip”)).

cog

(logic) One of the propositions making up a syllogism.


appearance

en-noun

appearance (countable and uncountable, plural appearances)

Borrowed from Middle French apparence, from Latin apparentia, from appareo. Morphologically appear + -ance. Displaced native Old English hīew (the way something looks or seems) and ætīewednes (act of appearing or coming into view).

явяване

The coming into court of either of the parties

Catholicism teaches that the Eucharist, while remaining under the physical appearance of bread and wine, becomes really and truly the body and the blood of Christ.

(philosophy, theology) That which is not substance, essence, hypostasis; the outward reality as opposed to the underlying reality


binary

en-adj

binary (comparative more binary, superlative most binary)

more binary (comparative)
most binary (superlative)

From Late Latin bīnārius (“consisting of two”), from Latin bīnī (“two-by-two, pair”). By surface analysis, bin- + -ary.

двайко́вы

being in a state of one of two mutually exclusive conditions such as on or off

(logic) Concerning logic whose subject matter concerns binary states.


reduce

en-verb

reduce (third-person singular simple present reduces, present participle reducing, simple past and past participle reduced)

reduces (present singular third-person)
reducing (participle present)
reduced (participle past)
reduced (past)

From Middle English reducen, from Old French reduire, from Latin redūcō (“reduce”); from re- (“back”) + dūcō (“lead”). See duke, and compare with redoubt.

(transitive, logic) To convert a syllogism to a clearer or simpler form.


adiaphoristic

en-adj

adiaphoristic (comparative more adiaphoristic, superlative most adiaphoristic)

more adiaphoristic (comparative)
most adiaphoristic (superlative)


homosexuality

en-noun

homosexuality (usually uncountable, plural homosexualities)

/ˌhəʊmə(ʊ)sɛkʃʊˈælɪti/

From homosexual + -ity, equivalent to homo- + sexuality and after the model of German Homosexualität, coined by journalist Karl Maria Kertbeny in 1869, and French homosexualité, attested in 1891.

Great diminution or complete absence of sexual feeling for the opposite sex, with substitution of sexual feeling and instinct for the same sex. (Homo-sexuality, or contrary sexual instinct).

1892, Richard von Krafft-Ebing, translated by Charles Gilbert Chaddock, Psychopathia Sexualis, page 185:

Some of the experts have gone into the question of homosexuality with great care, and advanced sundry learned and scientific theories in regard to that abnormal condition.

1892 April 2, “Hereditary Insanity: This is What Dr. Comstock Says Alice Mitchell Has”, in Memphis Appeal-Avalanche, Memphis, Tenn., page 1:

Of the dozen or so surviving articles, squibs, and letters to the editor, the most remarkable appeared in the Whip and Satirist’s February 12, 1842, issue, and disclosed the existence of a cabal of gay men in New York's otherwise wholesome nightscape of brothels and riots. Moreover it identified the spider who minced so delicately along the wide-flung strands of the sodomitical web. "There is not one so degraded as this Captain Collins, the King of the Sodomites." He was a foreigner, an Englishman, in the long tradition of blaming homosexuality on the influence of aliens. Among the syndicate of perverts, the writer announced, "we find no Americans as yet—they are all Englishmen or French" (the English called homosexuality the French vice and the French the English vice; for the Whip it was the French and English vice).

2005, Mark Caldwell, New York Night, page 133:

The state of being sexually attracted primarily or exclusively to persons of the same sex, sometimes (potentially offensive) restricted to same-sex attraction between males.

Bourneville believes that 75 per cent. of the inmates of the Parisian venereal hospitals have practised homosexuality.

1897, Havelock Ellis et al., Sexual Inversion, page 101:

A Prussian proposal for a harsh penal code made male homosexuality an even more serious crime.

2004 June 10, Leslie Feinberg, “The love that dared to speak its name”, in Workers World:

Third, it is possible to have gay sex with a crew member on your team. This isn’t possible with every crew member—only some, according to their pre-programmed sexual orientation. It’s obvious why this is an issue for Christians. Scripture explicitly says homosexuality is a sin (Genesis 18:20-21; 19:4-5, 24-25; Leviticus 18:22; Romans 1:26-27; 1 Corinthians 6:9-11; 2 Peter 2:4-10). Denying what Scripture says on it is nothing short of joyful ignorance and intellectual dishonesty.
Society, conversely, says it’s not a sin, and as such has thrown it into pop culture without a care for whom they offend. Obviously, for the Christian, do not go this route. If you believe homosexuality is a sin (and you should, considering God’s Word is inerrant and infallible and you say you’re a Christian), do not choose a gay romantic route. You may think it’s harmless if you do, but what’s the point in making a confession coherent with Scripture but not living according to that confession? Quite frankly, it’s hypocritical and needs repentance.

2019 October 31, Garrick Beckett, “Beckett: How BioWare Approaches Religion & Sexuality”, in The Lutheran Column, archived from the original on 2020-09-17, Blog:

Sexual activity with a person of the same sex, sometimes (potentially offensive) restricted to same-sex sex between males.


adiaphoron

/ˌædiˈæfəɹən/

Neuter of Ancient Greek ἀδιάφορος (adiáphoros, “indifferent”).

der

(philosophy) A matter that is morally neutral.

An indifferent matter.
A matter that is morally neutral.

(theology) Something neither forbidden nor commanded by scripture.


meme

Shortened from mimeme, equivalent to mime + -eme.
Coined by British biologist Richard Dawkins in 1976 in his book The Selfish Gene. Shortened (after gene) from mimeme (compare English phoneme), anglicized as if from a noun derived from Ancient Greek μῑμέομαι (mīméomai) with the deverbal suffix -μα (-ma), from μῖμος (mîmos, “imitation, copy”). The concept was later applied to the Internet by Mike Godwin.

coin

This meme generator lets you make your own memes by adding a caption to existing images, or by uploading your own image.

I'm always posting memes on the groupchat.

(Internet) A specific instance of a meme, such as an image macro or a video, often with humorous superimposed text.


poly

Coordinate term: mono

Whether the family is poly, L.G.B.T.Q. or another minority, such as a religious one, coming out is very much a personal decision.

2020 August 4, Cynthia McKelvey, “The Challenges of Polyamorous Parenting”, in The New York Times:


inverse

Recorded since 1440, from Latin inversus, the past participle of invertere (“to invert”), itself from in- (“in, on”) + vertere (“to turn”).

"Anything that isn't a dog doesn't go to heaven" is the inverse of "All dogs go to heaven." More generally, ¬ mathsf p→¬ mathsf q is the inverse of mathsf p→ mathsf q and is equivalent to the converse proposition mathsf q→ mathsf p.

Inversion is the inferring, from a given proposition, another proposition whose subject is the contradictory of the subject of the original proposition. The given proposition is called the Invertend, that which is inferred from it is termed the Inverse... The rule for Inversion is: Convert either the Obverted Converse or the Obverted Contrapositive.

1896, James Welton, A Manual of Logic, 2nd edition, Bk iii, Ch. iii, §102:

The result of an inversion, particularly:

(logic) The non-truth-preserving proposition constructed by negating both the premise and conclusion of an initially given proposition.


fall in love

en-verb

fall in love (third-person singular simple present falls in love, present participle falling in love, simple past fell in love, past participle fallen in love)

falls in love (present singular third-person)
falling in love (participle present)
fell in love (past)
fallen in love (participle past)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-fall in love.wav

1@Mouth-OpenB@CenterTrunkhigh-PalmUp RoundMidline 1@BasePalm-OpenB@CenterTrunkhigh-PalmUp RoundMidline 1@TipPalm-OpenB@CenterTrunkhigh-PalmUp

влю́бвам се

to come to have feelings of intense liking

I fell in love with him the moment I first saw him.

Have you ever fallen in love?

It only takes a minute girl / To fall in love

1975, Brian Potter, Dennis Lambert (lyrics and music), “It Only Takes a Minute”, in In the City, performed by Tavares:

Oh, Ophelia / You've been on my mind, girl, since the flood / Oh, Ophelia / Heaven help a fool who falls in love

2016 February 5, Wesley Schultz and Jeremy Fraites, “Ophelia”, in Cleopatra, performed by The Lumineers:

Often, I am upset / That I cannot fall in love, but I guess / This avoids the stress of falling out of it

2019, Cavetown (lyrics and music), “Home”:

(intransitive, of a person, animate object following “with”) To come to have feelings of love, particularly romantic love.


nor

From Etymology 1 (sense 2 above), reinterpreted as not + or or negation + or.

(logic, electronics) Alternative form of NOR


nous

Borrowed from Ancient Greek νοῦς (noûs) or νόος (nóos, “mind”).

I feel the will to roam, to learn
By test, experience, nous,
That fire is hot and ocean deep,
And wolves carnivorous.

1900, Gilbert Keith Chesterton, On the Disastrous Spread of Aestheticism in all Classes:

(philosophy) The mind or intellect, reason, both rational and emotional


Wheel of Fortune

(mythology, philosophy) The wheel of Fortune.


atomic

en:unatomizable
en:unsimplifiable in logic

(logic, of a proposition) Lacking logical operators; unable to be made simpler in logical form.


Socrates

From Ancient Greek Σωκράτης (Sōkrátēs). Doublet of Sokratis.

A male given name from Ancient Greek of mostly historical use, known after a Greek philosopher.


syllogism

From Old French silogisme (“syllogism”), from Latin syllogismus, from Ancient Greek συλλογισμός (sullogismós, “inference, conclusion”). Doublet of syllogismus.

der

Meronyms: major premise, minor premise

Ever since Aristotle, syllogism has occupied a central place in logic and cast a fateful shadow upon the power of reason. Recognized to be the great conveyor of rationality, allowing reason to reach conclusions of unparalleled universality and necessity, syllogism has equally been acknowledged to be beset by limits.

2006, Richard Dien Winfield, From Concept to Objectivity: Thinking Through Hegel's Subjective Logic, Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., →ISBN, page 107:

(logic) An argument whose conclusion is supported by two premises, of which one contains the term that is the predicate of the conclusion, and the other contains the term that is the subject of the conclusion; common to both premises is a term that is excluded from the conclusion.


constellation

PIE word
 *ḱóm
From Middle English constellacioun, constillacioun (“(astrology) position of the moon or a planet in relation to the ascendant sign of the zodiac; horoscope; (astronomy) formation of fixed stars, constellation; (astronomy) elevation or position of the sun”) [and other forms], borrowed from Old French constellation (modern French constellation), or directly from its etymon Late Latin cōnstēllātiōnem, the accusative singular of cōnstēllātiō (“collection of stars supposed to exert an influence upon human affairs, constellation”), from Latin con- (prefix denoting a bringing together of several objects) + stēlla (“star; meteor; planet”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂stḗr (“star”)) + -ātiō (suffix forming nouns).

nb...

constelacioun, constellacion, constellacyon, constellacyoun, constillacion, constillacione, constillacioune, constillatioun, constollacion, constolacioun

sterrebeeld

arbitrary formation of stars perceived as a figure or pattern, or a division of the sky including it

rykelmä

configuration or grouping of related things

But alas such peruerse constellation nowe reigneth ouer men, that where some be aptely and naturally disposed to amitie, and fyndeth one, in similitude of studie and maners, equall to his expectation, and therfore kendeleth a feruent loue towarde that persone, puttinge all his ioye and delite in the praise and auauncement of him that he loueth, it hapneth that he which is loued, beinge promoted in honour, either of purpose neglecteth his frende, therby suppressynge libertie of speche or familiar resorte; or els esteming his mynde with his fortune onely, and nat with the suertie of frendship, hideth from him the secretes of his harte, and either trusteth no man, or els him whome prosperous fortune hath late brought in acquaintaunce.

1531, Thomas Elyot, “The Diuision of Ingratitude and the Dispraise therof”, in Ernest Rhys, editor, The Boke Named the Governour […] (Everyman’s Library), London: J[oseph] M[alaby] Dent & Co; New York, N.Y.: E[dward] P[ayson] Dutton & Co, published [1907], →OCLC, 2nd book, pages 188–189:

[H]e was born under the constellation that gives a man skill, riches, and integrity, whatever that constellation may be, which is of the less consequence because babies can't choose their own horoscopes, and, indeed, if they could, there might be an inconvenient rush of babies at particular epochs.

1862 July – 1863 August, George Eliot [pseudonym; Mary Ann Evans], “First Impressions”, in Romola. […], volume I, London: Smith, Elder and Co., […], published 1863, →OCLC, book I, page 72:

The configuration of planets at a given time (especially a person's birth), as believed to affect events on Earth, or used for determining a horoscope.


necrophilia

en-noun

necrophilia (countable and uncountable, plural necrophilias)

/ˌnɛkɹə(ʊ)ˈfɪlɪə/

From necro- + -philia.
From necro- (Ancient Greek νεκρός (nekrós, “corpse, dead”)) + -philia (Ancient Greek φιλία (philía, “affection”)), after German Nekrophilie (in Krafft-Ebing 1887).

uder

(medicine) Pathological fascination with death.


determine

en-verb

determine (third-person singular simple present determines, present participle determining, simple past and past participle determined)

determines (present singular third-person)
determining (participle present)
determined (participle past)
determined (past)

From Middle English determinen, from Old French determiner, French déterminer, from Latin determināre (“to bound, limit, prescribe, fix, determine”), from de + termināre (“to limit”), from terminus (“bound, limit, end”).

der

(logic) To define or limit by adding a differentia.


stoic

From Latin stōicus (noun via Middle English Stoycis pl), from Ancient Greek Στωϊκός (Stōïkós), from Ποικίλη Στοά (Poikílē Stoá, “the Stoa Poikile”, literally “painted portico”), the portico in Athens where Zeno of Citium was teaching.

The anima mundi, to whose disposal of his own personal destiny the Stoic consents, is there to be respected and submitted to, but the Christian God is there to be loved; and the difference of emotional atmosphere is like that between an arctic climate and the tropics, though the outcome in the way of accepting actual conditions uncomplainingly may seem in abstract terms to be much the same.

1902, William James, “Lecture 2”, in The Varieties of Religious Experience: A Study in Human Nature […] , New York, N.Y.; London: Longmans, Green, and Co. […], →OCLC:

(philosophy) Proponent of stoicism, a school of thought, from in 300 B.C.E. up to about the time of Marcus Aurelius, who holds that by cultivating an understanding of the logos, or natural law, one can be free of suffering.


jailbait

en-noun

jailbait (usually uncountable, plural jailbaits)

From jail + bait, from the fact that statutory rape can result, for the adult committing it, in incarceration.

"The first time she modelled for Edward Weston, in March 1934, Charis Wilson knew she didn’t look good. At 20 she was “a piece of jailbait”, a mere child, especially with the stumpy plaits into which she sometimes twisted her hair."

2009, The Economist, Charis Wilson, model and writer, died on November 20th, aged 95:

(slang) A sexually mature person below, or appearing to be below, the legal age of consent, who is regarded, usually by an adult, as being sexually attractive and/or seductive.

禍水妞

person below the age of consent for sexual activity

malebait

an underage male perceived to be attractive by adult females


complement

complement (countable and uncountable, plural complements)

From Middle English complement, from Latin complēmentum (“that which fills up or completes”), from compleō (“I fill up, I complete”) (English complete). Doublet of compliment. The verb is from the noun.

der

(logic) An expression related to some other expression such that it is true under the same conditions that make other false, and vice versa.

komplementti

expression which is true when the other is false, and vice versa


glory

en-noun

glory (countable and uncountable, plural glories)

From Middle English glory, glorie, from Old French glorie (“glory”), from Latin glōria (“glory, fame, renown, praise, ambition, boasting”). Doublet of gloria. Displaced native Old English wuldor.

der

(theology) The manifestation of the presence of God as perceived by humans in Abrahamic religions.

ilmestys

theology: manifestation of the presence of God


ad hominem

Audio (US)

Ellipsis of the Latin expression argumentum ad hominem (“argument at the person”). It can also mean attacking the messenger.


atonement

en-noun

atonement (countable and uncountable, plural atonements)

Perhaps from atone + -ment as translation of Medieval Latin adūnāmentum; however, the noun is found earlier than the verb (atone); and in this light, the proper etymology is at + onement.

(theology, often with capitalized initial) The reconciliation of God and mankind through the death of Jesus.


morality

morality (countable and uncountable, plural moralities)

amorality

antonym(s) of “recognition of or obedience to the rules of right conduct”

From Anglo-Norman moralité, Middle French moralité, from Late Latin mōrālitās (“manner, characteristic, character”), from Latin mōrālis (“relating to manners or morals”), from mōs (“manner, custom”). equivalent to moral + -ity.

uder

Robinson sums up the conclusion of the first part of his book as being "that the task of the moralist is to set in their proper relation to one another the three different types of moral judgment . . . and so reveal the field of morality as a single self-coherent system".

1953, J. Kemp, “Review of The Claim of Morality by N.H.G. Robinson”, in The Philosophical Quarterly, volume 3, number 12, page 278:

(uncountable, rare) Moral philosophy, the branch of philosophy which studies the grounds and nature of rightness, wrongness, good, and evil.


mendacious

en-adj

mendacious (comparative more mendacious, superlative most mendacious)

more mendacious (comparative)
most mendacious (superlative)

Borrowed from Middle French mendacieux, from Latin mendācium (“lie, untruth”), from mendāx (“lying”).

(of a person) Lying, untruthful or dishonest.


tautology

en-noun

tautology (countable and uncountable, plural tautologies)

From Late Latin tautologia, from Ancient Greek ταὐτολογία (tautología) from ταὐτός (tautós, “the same”) + λόγος (lógos, “explanation”), analyzed as tauto- + -logy.

propositional variable
propositional variable

(countable, logic, propositional logic) A statement that is true for all truth values of its propositional variables.

(countable, logic, first-order logic) A statement that is true for all truth values of its Boolean atoms.


grace

grace (countable and uncountable, plural graces)

From Middle English grace, from Old French grace (modern French grâce), from Latin grātia (“kindness, favour, esteem”), from grātus (“pleasing”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷerH- (“to praise, welcome”); compare grateful.
The word displaced the native Middle English held, hield (“grace”) (from Old English held, hyld (“grace”)), Middle English este (“grace, favour, pleasure”) (from Old English ēst (“grace, kindness, favour”)), Middle English athmede(n) (“grace”) (from Old English ēadmēdu (“grace”)), Middle English are, ore (“grace, mercy, honour”) (from Old English ār (“honour, grace, kindness, mercy”)).

cog

When she sang in the kirk, folk have told me that they had a foretaste of the musick of the New Jerusalem, and when she came in by the village of Caulds old men stottered to their doors to look at her. Moreover, from her earliest days the bairn had some glimmerings of grace.

1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide:

(uncountable, theology) Free and undeserved favour, especially of God; unmerited divine assistance given to humans for their regeneration or sanctification, or for resisting sin.

ողորմածություն

free and undeserved favour, especially of God


lover

→ German: Lover

From Middle English lovere, luffer, lufere, equivalent to love + -er.

[…]loue is blinde, and louers cannot ſee / The pretty follies that themſelues commit,[…]

c. 1596–1598 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene vi], page 170, column 2:

Well there's a wide wide world of noble causes / And lovely landscapes to discover / But all I really want to do right now / Is find another lover

1976, Joni Mitchell (lyrics and music), “Song For Sharon”, in Hejira:

Now, there's one in California who's been cursing my name / 'Cause I found me a better lover in the UK, hey, hey / Until I made my getaway

2014 September 23, Elle King, Dave Bassett, “Ex's & Oh's”, in Love Stuff, performed by Elle King:

We can only hurt each other the way that lovers can / So where do we go, where do we hide now?

2016, David Boulter, Stuart A. Staples (lyrics and music), “Like Only Lovers Can”, in The Waiting Room, performed by Tindersticks:

One who loves and cares for another person in a romantic way; a sweetheart, love, soulmate, boyfriend, girlfriend, or spouse.

szerelem (only with possessive suffixes in this sense)


existential quantifier

en-noun

existential quantifier (plural existential quantifiers)

(logic) The operator, represented by the symbol ∃, used in predicate calculus to indicate that a predicate is true for at least one member of a specified set. Verbal equivalents include "there exists" and "there is".


universal quantifier

universal quantifier (plural universal quantifiers)

(logic) The operator, represented by the symbol ∀, used in predicate calculus to indicate that a predicate is true for all members of a specified set. Verbal equivalents include "for each" and "for every".


being

being (countable and uncountable, plural beings)

Originated 1250–1300 from Middle English being; see be + -ing.

(philosophy) That which has actuality (materially or in concept).

(philosophy) One's basic nature, or the qualities thereof; essence or personality.


term

From Middle English terme, borrowed from Old French terme, from Latin terminus (“a bound, boundary, limit, end; in Medieval Latin, also a time, period, word, covenant, etc.”).
Doublet of terminus and termon. Old English had termen, from the same source.

член

one of the addends in a sum or in another mathematical operation

The subject and predicate of a proposition are, after Aristotle, together called its terms or extremes.

1859–1860, William Hamilton, edited by H[enry] L[ongueville] Mansel and John Veitch, Lectures on Metaphysics and Logic […], volume (please specify |volume=I to IV), Edinburgh, London: William Blackwood and Sons, →OCLC:

(logic) The subject or the predicate of a proposition; one of the three component parts of a syllogism, each one of which is used twice.

terminus

one of three component parts of a syllogism


universism

https://web.archive.org/web/20061012073457/http://open-site.org/Society/Religion/Universism/
Universism is a modern rational religious philosophy that began in 2003 with princples laid out by Ford Vox. Universists choose their beliefs according to the dictates of their own life experience and reason.

http://www.themystica.com/mystica/articles/u/universism.html
Universism is a philosophy of The Universist Movement. Universism, though not a definitive philosophy, is a progressive, naturalistic worldview in which all meaning and purpose is understood through personal reason and experience; thus, being a religion of reason.

https://web.archive.org/web/20070209081744/http://www.bbc.co.uk/berkshire/faith/05/universist.shtml
What Universism argues against is individuals believing that their truths apply to others - all of us are equals in terms of these enormous, world-shaping metaphysical questions.

(philosophy) a movement advocating personal reason and experience and over faith and dogma


repent

en-verb

repent (third-person singular simple present repents, present participle repenting, simple past and past participle repented)

repents (present singular third-person)
repenting (participle present)
repented (participle past)
repented (past)

From Middle English repenten, from Old French repentir, from Vulgar Latin *repaenitīre, from Late Latin paenitīre, from Classical Latin paenitēre. Compare Modern French repentir.

... Jesus came into Galilee, preaching the gospel of the kingdom of God, And saying, The time is fulfilled, and the kingdom of God is at hand: repent ye, and believe the gospel.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Mark 1:14–15:

Then Peter said unto them, Repent, and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the remission of sins, and ye shall receive the gift of the Holy Ghost. For the promise is unto you, and to your children, and to all that are afar off, even as many as the Lord our God shall call. And with many other words did he testify and exhort, saying, Save yourselves from this untoward generation.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Acts 2:38–40:

I tell you, Nay: but, except ye repent, ye shall all likewise perish.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Luke 13:3:

Mad Prophet: Repent! Repent and restore your souls to glory before it is too late! This great station has fallen, and all within shall fall with it!

2012, BioWare, Mass Effect 3: Omega (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, PC, scene: Gozu District:

The Court shall, after sentencing an offender for any offence under section 221, 222, 223 or 224 and before execution of the punishment, order the offender to repent.

2013, Hassanal Bolkiah, “Syariah Penal Code Order, 2013”, in Brunei Darussalem Government Gazette, page 1759:

(theology, intransitive) To be sorry for sin as morally evil, and to seek forgiveness; to cease to practice sin and to love.

تَابَ

theology: to be sorry for sin as morally evil, and to seek forgiveness


hebephilia

From hebe- (“relating to youth”) + -philia.

sexual relationship between a man and an adolescent boy

This finding, if confirmed, may offer a useful lead for research in heterosexual pedophilia or hebephilia (a preference for pubescent girls)

1975 Forensic Science Abstracts - Volume 1 - Page 216

paraphilias are included: hebephilia (adolescent girls) and ephebophilia (adolescent boys), although the dynamics of these latter two may be closer to those of adult attraction.

1989 Robert H. Rencken Intervention Strategies for Sexual Abuse page 10

(dated) A sexual preference for adolescent girls.


converse

From Latin conversus (“turned around”), past participle of converto (“turn about”).

All trout are fish, but the converse, that all fish are trout, is not true.

(logic) Of a proposition or theorem consisting of a statement of the form "If A is true, then B is true", the statement "If B is true, then A is true" which need not be equivalent to the first one.


ephebophilia

From Ancient Greek ἔφηβος (éphēbos, “adolescent”) + φιλία (philía, “love, friendship”). By surface analysis, ephebe + -philia.

bor

The assertion, often naïvely made, that in the Homeric poems there is as yet no trace of the love of boys to be met with, and that it was a phenomenon which first appeared during the so-called decadence is, in my opinion, false, for I have already shown in an earlier work (in Anthropophyteia, ix, pp. 291 ff.) that the bond of friendship between Achilles and Patroclus (the most important passages are Il., xxiii, 84; ix, 186, 663; xviii, 22 ff., 65, 315, 334; xix, 209, 315), however ideal it was, yet contains a high percentage of homoerotic sentiment and action; that the Homeric epos also abounds in undoubted traces of ephebophilia, and that no one in the ancient times of Greece ever supposed otherwise.

1932, Hans Licht [pseudonym; Paul Brandt], translated by J. H. Freese, “[Male Homosexuality] History of Greek Love of Boys”, in Lawrence H. Dawson, editor, Sexual Life in Ancient Greece, London: George Routledge & Sons, Ltd. […], published 1933, part II, pages 449–450:

1981 Brian Taylor, PhD Perspectives on Paedophilia page XIII
Thus, paedophilia, denoting sexual interest in pre-pubertal children, can be distinguished from paederasty, indicating sexual interest in pre-pubertal boys alone. These two together could then be distinguished from ephebophilia, denoting sexual preference for post-pubertal and adolescent boys.

Freund, "Male Homosexuality," p. 44 .. "Paedophilia is the erotic preference for children, ephebophilia that for male ... pubescents."

1983 Robin Scroggs The New Testament and Homosexuality: Contextual Background for Contemporary Debate page 148

2006 Looking at Ephebophilia through the Lens of Cleric Sexual Abuse from volume 13 issue 4 of "Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity"

The term ephebophilia seems to have been coined by Magnus Hirschfeld in his Wesen der Liebe (1906), where he applied to sexually mature youths from puberty up to the age of 20; in his 1914 magnum opus, Die Homosexualitat des Mannes und des Weibes, Hirschfeld specified the range of love objects as from "the beginning to the completion of maturity, so approximately ages 14-21." The German research estimated that 45 of all homosexuals were ephebophiles. For women, he used the term "parthenophiles."
The authors propose that the diagnosis of ephebophilia, which is a sexual attraction to pubescent or post-pubescent males, is better suited to the sample of Catholic priests in the John Jay study.

2016, Encyclopedia of Homosexuality, page 361:

(dated) A sexual preference for adolescent boys.


anima

Borrowed from Latin anima (“a current of air, wind, air, breath, the vital principle, life, soul”), sometimes equivalent to animus (“mind”), both from Proto-Indo-European *h₂enh₁- (“to breathe, blow”); see animus. Cognate with Ancient Greek ἄνεμος (ánemos, “wind”), Old English anda (“anger, envy, zeal”). More at onde.

der

[W]e cannot chuse but admire the exceeding vividness of the governing faculty or Anima of the Insect, which is able to dispose and regulate so the motive faculties, as to cause every peculiar organ, not onely to move or act so quick, but to do it also so regularly.

1665, Robert Hooke, Micrographia, section XXXVIII:

(chiefly philosophy) The soul or animating principle of a living thing, especially as contrasted with the animus.


pedophilia

en-noun

pedophilia (countable and uncountable, plural pedophilias)

Adapted from German Pädophilie, bringing its spelling into conformity with pedo- (“child”) + -philia. Compare the Byzantine Greek παιδοφιλία (paidophilía, “love of children”).

cog

sexual feeling or desire by adults towards children

تَحَرُّش جِنْسِيّ بِٱلأَطْفَال (taḥarruš jinsiyy bi-l-ʔaṭfāl, literally “child sexual harassment”)

Fifteen months later, a committee of the congregation found that he had sexually abused several boys within the congregation. […] The fact that Alger committed pedophilia at the age of thirty-four casts a shadow over his subsequent yearning for relationships with boys and young men, but there is no evidence of any later misconduct.

1998, Andrew L. Kaufman, Cardozo, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, →ISBN, page 25:

Entire books have been written about the role of scandal in US politics (Garment, 1992). Offenses include smoking marijuana, hiring illegal aliens, plagiarizing, sexually harassing others, engaging in pedophilia, […]

2005, Carol Weiss Lewis, Stuart Gilman, The ethics challenge in public service: a problem-solving guide, 2nd edition, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, →ISBN, page 88:

It's quite another (a bad idea) to expect amateurs to figure out who is telling the truth about Iraq, or which priests have committed pedophilia.

2007, Todd Oppenheimer, “Read All about It -- but Where, Exactly?”, in SFGate, Hearst Communications:

(by extension, proscribed) Sexual activity between adults and children; the act of child molestation.


theodicy

Borrowed from French théodicée, from Ancient Greek θεός (theós, “god”) + δίκη (díkē, “justice”), coined by German mathematician and philosopher Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz in his 1710 work Essais de Théodicée sur la bonté de Dieu, la liberté de l’homme et l’origine du mal (Essays of Theodicy on the Goodness of God, the Freedom of Man and the Origin of Evil), commonly known as Théodicée.

lang

Essais de Théodicée sur la bonté de Dieu, la liberté de l'homme et l'origine du mal

2000 [Kluwer Academic], Charles Seymour, A Theodicy of Hell, 2010, Springer, Softcover reprint, page 195,
In general, my theodicy of hell is more congenial to those denominations with less rigidly defined doctrinal systems.
Does this mean I have allowed theodicy to encroach on theology, contrary to my avowed purpose?

Distilling the characteristic features of the theodicies of the world religions, Weber identified five varieties or forms that the answers to this problem take, which in his view speaks to the varieties of forms that religion itself takes: a messiah who initiates the end of the world as we know it, the transmigration of souls, a universal day of judgment, predestination, or dual divinities of good and evil.

2002, Kevin J. Christiano, William H. Swatos, Peter Kivisto, Sociology of Religion: Contemporary Developments, Rowman & Littlefield (Altamira Press), page 129:

God was now nothing more than a distant cause of causes; what mattered was matter, and man acting in nature. The theodicy, the master-narrative, had become secularized.

2003, Roy Porter, Flesh in the Age of Reason, Penguin 2004, page 388:

(theology, philosophy) A justification of a deity or of particular attributes of a deity; specifically, a justification of the existence of evil and suffering in the world; a work or discourse justifying the ways of God.


moral

From Middle English moral, from Old French moral, from Latin mōrālis (“relating to manners or morals”)
(first used by Cicero, to translate Ancient Greek ἠθικός (ēthikós, “moral”)), from mos (“manner, custom”).

der

a candidate with strong morals

(chiefly in the plural) Moral practices or teachings: modes of conduct.


ellen

From Middle English elne, ellen, from Old English ellen (“zeal, strength, power, vigor, valor, courage, fortitude, strife, contention”), from Proto-West Germanic *alljan, from Proto-Germanic *aljaną (“zeal, power, courage”). Cognate with Middle High German ellen (“strength, manhood”), Middle Low German ellen (“strength, power, courage, vigor, bravery”), Icelandic elja (“endurance, energy”).

cog

(theology) Strength vouchsafed; comfort; grace.


iff

A rectangle is a square iff all four of its sides have the same length.

(mathematics, logic) Short for if and only if.


motion

en-noun

motion (countable and uncountable, plural motions)

Inherited from Middle English mocioun, mocion, from Anglo-Norman motion, Middle French motion, and their etymon Latin mōtiō (“movement, motion”), related to movēre, from Proto-Indo-European *m(y)ewh₁- (“to move”).

der

perpetual motion machine of the first kind

perpetual motion machine of the second kind

I say, it is no uneven jot, to pass from the more faint and obscure examples of Spermatical life to the more considerable effects of general Motion in Minerals, Metalls, and sundry Meteors, whose easie and rude shapes may have no need of any Principle of Life, or Spermatical form distinct from the Rest or Motion of the particles of the Matter.

1662, Henry More, An Antidote Against Atheism, Book II, A Collection of Several Philosophical Writings of Dr. Henry More, p. 53

κίνησις κίνησις

(philosophy) from κίνησις (kinesis); any change. Traditionally of four types: generation and corruption, alteration, augmentation and diminution, and change of place.


inclusive or

(logic, computing) A logical connective joining two or more predicates that yields the logical value "true" when at least one of the predicates is true.


exclusive or

Exclusive disjunction
exclusive disjunction

(logic, computing) Exclusive disjunction: the use of or to indicate that of two predicates, one is true and one is false (without specifying which is which); contrasted with inclusive or, which does not imply that one must be false.

(logic, computing, more generally) Exclusive disjunction: the use of or to indicate that of two or more predicates, an odd number are true (without specifying which or how many); contrasted with inclusive or, which indicates only that one or more is true.

exclusive disjunction
exclusive disjunction

(logic, computing) An exclusive disjunction; the result of applying the above-described exclusive or to two or more predicates; contrasted with an inclusive or, which is the result of applying an inclusive or.


mono

en-adj

mono (comparative more mono, superlative most mono)

more mono (comparative)
most mono (superlative)

(chiefly informal) Monoamorous, monogamous.


mono

For some monos, there are no acceptable mono—poly solutions as far as they are concerned.

2010, Leonie Linssen, Love Unlimited: The Joys and Challenges of Open Relationships:


mono

People who do wish to be recognizable as trans or bi are often coercively passed off as cis or mono anyway.

2013, Shiri Eisner, Bi: Notes for a Bisexual Revolution, →ISBN:

That is, establishing as it does a replacement binary (mono versus bi, rather than hetero versus homo) it functions to erase lesbian and gay specificity. In turn, this fails to consider, and even elides, important structural inequities between the hetero- and homosexual categories. The difficulty of establishing bisexual legitimacy in a discursive context of oppositional categories was acknowledged by a number of participants. For some, invoking the mono/bi dichotomy affords bisexuality [...]

2013, Dawn Atkins, Bisexual Women in the Twenty-First Century, →ISBN, page 37:


connective

From connect + -ive, modeled after French connectif, from New Latin connectivus, from connectō (“I connect”); compare connect, connexive, connectivum, connection.

Condition iii) ensures that the truth-rules for the sentential connectives and quantifiers are satisfied within one and the same valuation νₛ.

2008 October 8, Holger Andreas, “Another Solution to the Problem of Theoretical Terms”, in Erkenntnis, volume 69, number 3, →DOI:

(logic) A function that operates on truth values to give another truth value.


hypothetical

hypothetical (comparative more hypothetical, superlative most hypothetical)

more hypothetical (comparative)
most hypothetical (superlative)

From Ancient Greek ὑποθετικός (hupothetikós).

(philosophy) conditional; contingent upon some hypothesis/antecedent


ouroboros

en-noun

ouroboros (plural ouroboroi or ouroboroses)

From Ancient Greek οὐροβόρος (ourobóros, “tail-devouring”, a compound of οὐρά (ourá, “tail”) + -βόρος (-bóros, “-devouring”, which is derived from the verb βιβρώσκω (bibrṓskō, “to eat up”))).

af

which is derived from the verb <i class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">βιβρώσκω</i> (bibrṓskō, “to eat up”)

bor

The alchemists were fond of picturing their opus as a circulatory process, as a circular distillation or as the uroboros, the snake biting its own tail, and they made innumerable pictures of this process.

1968 [1951], R. F. C. Hull, transl., Aion […] (The Collected Works of C. G. Jung), 2nd edition, volume 9.2, Princeton University Press, translation of original by C. G. Jung, →ISBN, page 264:

Khepera eating his own seed is a model of Romantic creativity, where the self is isolated and sexually dual. Khepera bent over himself is a uroboros, the serpent eating its own tail, a magic circle of regeneration and rebirth. The uroboros is the prehistoric track of natural cycle, from which Judaism and Hellenism make a conceptual break.

1990, Camille Paglia, Sexual Personae, Yale University Press, →ISBN, page 41:

One myth speaks of Ouroboros, a serpent-like creature that survived and regenerated itself by eating only its own tail. By neither taking from nor adding to its environment, this creature was said to be completely environmentally benign and self-sufficient.

2004, Adrian Bejan et al., Porous and Complex Flow Structures in Modern Technologies, Springer Science & Business Media, →ISBN, page 121:

First, the snake has not caught its tail—the ouroboros figure is uncompleted. Blake executed fully formed ouroboros figures for the verso of this Night Thoughts page and for a later passage (6:690-92), and was familiar with numerous full ouroboros figures from contemporary and earlier sources […]

2013, Jackie DiSalvo, G. A. Rosso, Christopher Z. Hobson eds., Blake, Politics, and History, Routledge, →ISBN:

(mythology) A serpent, dragon or worm that eats its own tail, a representation of the continuous cycle of life and death.

أوربوروس

a serpent, dragon or worm that eats its own tail


each

From Middle English eche, from Old English ǣlċ, contraction of ǣġhwelċ, from Proto-West Germanic *aiwgahwalīk (“each, every”). Compare Scots ilk, elk (“each, every”), Saterland Frisian älk (“each”), West Frisian elk, elts (“each”), Dutch elk (“each”), Low German elk, ellik (“each”), German Low German elk, elke (“each, every”), German jeglicher (“any”).

inh

In one embodiment, there is an additional charge when ordering products as an “each” compared to the unit cost of the item when ordered by the case.

1999, William S. Paasche, Thomas D. Kerker, System and method for managing recurring orders in a computer network, US Patent 7359871 (PDF version), page 50:

An each, piece, single item, or individual item package.

2007, David E. Mulcahy, Eaches or Pieces Order Fulfillment, Design, and Operations Handbook (Series on resource management), Auerbach Publications, →ISBN, page 385:

The commonly used term “each” means that each individual item is one unit.

2012, Arthur V. Hill, “unit of measure”, in edited by Barry Render, The Encyclopedia of Operations Management, FT Press, →ISBN, page 373:

Amour-propre would be able to take an interest in assuming the standpoint of reason, then, if applying 'each' to oneself in rational deliberation were simultaneously bound up with publicly establishing oneself as an 'each'

2008, Frederick Neuhouser, Rousseau's theodicy of self-love, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 238:

(operations, philosophy) An individual item: the least quantitative unit in a grouping.


agendum

From Latin agendum, substantive use of the neuter singular of agendus (“which ought to be done”), future passive participle (gerundive) of agō (“I do, act, make”).

The American Heritage Dictionary's entry and usage note for 'agenda'

Coordinate term: credendum

(theology) Something to be done; a practical duty, rather than an article of faith.


obtain

en-verb

obtain (third-person singular simple present obtains, present participle obtaining, simple past and past participle obtained)

obtains (present singular third-person)
obtaining (participle present)
obtained (participle past)
obtained (past)
obtain (infinitive)

From Middle English obteinen, from Anglo-Norman obtenir, optiner et al., and Middle French obtenir, from Latin obtinēre (“to gain, achieve, succeed, possess”), from ob- + tenēre (“to hold”).

der

Even though the Pervaise confession had never come to light, no reasonable doubt could obtain; for the act in question […] was on a par with countless other acts committed by the oligarchs, and, before them, by the capitalists.

1908 February 19, Jack London, chapter 17, in The Iron Heel, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., →OCLC:

In connection with the various courses of practical instruction, the companies maintain signalling schools fitted with standard railway equipment in which the staff can be given instructions under conditions exactly similar to those which obtain in signal boxes.

1942 July-August, T. F. Cameron, “How the Staff of a Railway is Recruited”, in Railway Magazine, page 207:

But the hostage situation no longer obtains, and so Uncle Enzo feels it important to stop Rife now, […]

1992, Neal Stephenson, Snow Crash, New York: Bantam Books, →ISBN, page 460:

(intransitive, philosophy) To exist or be the case; to hold true, be in force.


Averroism

The first concerns the problem that Latin Averroism presented to Western philosophy in connection with its doctrine that there is only one mind for all human beings—a doctrine that has come to be called monopsychism.

2014, Markus Führer, Echoes of Aquinas in Cusanus's Vision of Man, page 115:

(philosophy) The tenets of the Averroists, having to do with the doctrine of monopsychism.


elect

Borrowed from Latin ēlēctus, past participle of ēligō (“to pick out, choose, elect”), from ē- (“out”) + legō (“to pick out, pick, gather, collect, etc.”); see legend.
Cognate to eclectic, which is via Ancient Greek rather than Latin, hence prefix ἐκ (ek), rather than e- (from ex).

Behold my servant, whom I uphold; mine elect, in whom my soul delighteth.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Isaiah 42:1:

Shall not God avenge his won elect?

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Luke 18:7:

(theology) In Calvinist theology, one foreordained to Heaven. In other Christian theologies, someone chosen by God for salvation.


damn

en-verb

damn (third-person singular simple present damns, present participle damning, simple past and past participle damned)

damns (present singular third-person)
damning (participle present)
damned (participle past)
damned (past)
damn (infinitive)

From Middle English dampnen, from Old French damner, from Latin damnāre (“to condemn, inflict loss upon”), from damnum (“loss”).

der

The official position is that anyone who does this will be damned for all eternity.

Only God can damn.

I damn you eternally, fiend!

(theology, transitive, intransitive) To condemn to hell.


undead

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-undead.wav

From Middle English undede, equivalent to un- + dead. The first attestation is from around 1400. Usage as a noun is attested from the early 20th century onwards.

Pertaining to a corpse, though having qualities of life.


devil

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁
Proto-Indo-European *dwísder.
Ancient Greek διά (diá)
Ancient Greek δια- (dia-)
Proto-Hellenic *gʷəlnō-der.
Ancient Greek βᾰ́λλω (bállō)
Ancient Greek διαβάλλω (diabállō)
Ancient Greek διάβολος (diábolos)bor.
Latin diabolusbor.
Proto-West Germanic *diubul
Old English dēofol
Middle English devel
English devil
From Middle English devil, devel, deovel, from Old English dēofol, dēoful, from earlier dīobul (“devil”), from Latin diabolus, ultimately from Ancient Greek διάβολος (diábolos, “false accuser, slanderer”), also as "Satan" (in Jewish/Christian usage, translating Biblical Hebrew שָׂטָן (śātān)), from διαβάλλω (diabállō, “to slander”), literally “to throw across”, from διά (diá, “through, across”) + βάλλω (bállō, “throw”). The Old English word was probably adopted under influence of Latin diabolus (itself from the Greek). Other Germanic languages adopted the word independently: compare Saterland Frisian Düüwel (“devil”), West Frisian duvel (“devil”), Dutch duivel, duvel (“devil”), German Low German Düvel (“devil”), German Teufel (“devil”), Bavarian Teifl (“devil”), Danish djævel (“devil”), Swedish djävul (“devil”) (older: djefvul, Old Swedish diævul, Old Norse djǫfull). Doublet of diable, diablo, and diabolus.


devil

Tok Pisin: tewel

→ Chuukese: tefin

better the devil you know than the devil you don't know

better the devil you know than the one you don't know

devil is beating his wife and marrying his daughter

he who sups with the devil should have a long spoon

the devil we know is better than the devil we don't know

the devil you know is better than the devil you don't know

(theology) An evil creature, the objectification of a hostile and destructive force.


per se

Borrowed from Latin per sē (“by itself”), from per (“by, through”) and sē (“itself, himself, herself, themselves”).

bor+

Everything not applying per se in one of these two senses is called an accident.

1988, J. van Rijen, Aspects of Aristotle’s Logic of Modalities, page 137:

Peter is per se alive, endowed with intellect, and the faculty of laughter, the artist is per se one who fashions objects. But Peter is per accidens a sufferer from influenza

a. 2005, Jacques Maritain, An EPZ Introduction to Philosophy, A&C Black, →ISBN, page 153:

Thus, unless there exists some being that exists per se, the origination of esse in a chain of composites itself remains unexplained and quite mysterious. And the existence of a being that exists per se is affirmed through a denial of an infinite regress of essence-esse composites causing other such composites.

2015, Gaven Kerr, Aquinas's Way to God: The Proof in De Ente et Essentia:

Aquinas rejects this position, because then God would not be per se necessary, but would be necessitated by his own divine nature to create. Hence to be per se necessary, God must be free to create.

2022 October 15, Gaven Kerr, Collected Articles on the Existence of God, BoD – Books on Demand, →ISBN, page 218:

(philosophy) As the principle of its own determination and positing itself.


per se

Hence, God would have to be the immediate per se cause of some natural motions, but not of all. But no known natural motion is without a natural motion as its immediate per se cause.

1980, Mortimer Adler, How to Prove There Is a God: Mortimer J. Adler's Writings and Thoughts About God, Open Court, →ISBN, page 197:

Before stating at 74b5ff. that the connection between the subject and predicate of the premisses of scientific inferences must not be accidental but per se, he introduces the technical terms 'about all' ( 'kata pantos' ) and 'per se' (' kath' hauto ') in order to clarify the meaning of this proviso.

The per se cause of the house is the building skill and the craftsman who exercises it, while the per accidens cause is the fair-skinned or the artistic man. Alexander says: 'Aristotle says that just as anything that exists is one thing per se and another per accidens (by “being what it is per se” he means the substance, and by "what is per accidens" he means the attributes of the substance), so a cause is one thing per se and another per accidens.

2014, Barrie Fleet, Simplicius: On Aristotle Physics 2, page 97:

They hold to the impossibility of an actual per se infinity, because in a per se series the effects have a dependence on their causes, in which case if the series were infinite, the ultimate effect would be dependent on an infinite chain of causes; and since an infinity cannot be traversed, the being of such an effect would never be explained.

(philosophy) Positing itself and being a principle of its own determination.


haunted

en-adj

haunted (comparative more haunted, superlative most haunted or hauntedest)

more haunted (comparative)
most haunted (superlative)
hauntedest (superlative)

The hotel was haunted by a disembodied spirit.

Of a location, frequented by a ghost or ghosts.


specter

From French spectre, from Latin spectrum (“appearance, apparition”). Doublet of spectrum.

der

A specter haunted the cemetery at the old Vasquez manor.

A ghostly apparition, a phantom. [from 17th c.]


axiom

Oxford University Museum of Natural History

From Middle French axiome in the 15th century, from Latin axiōma (“axiom; principle”), from Ancient Greek ἀξίωμα (axíōma, “that which is thought to fit, a requisite, that which a pupil is required to know beforehand, a self-evident principle”), from ἀξιόω (axióō, “to think fit or worthy, to require, to demand”), from ἄξιος (áxios, “fit, worthy”, literally “weighing as much as; of like value”), from ἄγω (ágō, “to weigh (down)”).

Neither can I reconcile this opinion of yours, with your argument brought from reaſon; if the axiom there laid down by you be true, it follows that, when matter began to exiſt in the divine mind, either matter became of the nature of the divine mind, i.e. active and intelligent, or elſe the divine mind became of the nature of matter, i.e. inert and unintelligent: this is a hard dilemma; have we not reaſon to ſuſpect that axiom?

1748 January, R. M., “To the Gent. who Signs Verax, V[olume] 17 p[age] 573. In Answer to His Defence of Mr Lyttelton's Expression, that Matter is not Inherent in the Deity.”, in “Sylvanus Urban” [pseudonym; Edward Cave], editor, The Gentleman's Magazine, and Historical Chronicle, volume XVIII, London: Printed by Edw[ard] Cave, at St John's Gate, →OCLC, page 15, column 2:

Theoretical philosophy Plato divides into three branches, Theological, Physical, and Mathematical. On Theology, the fundamental doctrine of Plato, as of all other ancient philosophers, is, that from nothing nothing can proceed. This universal axiom, applied not only to the infinite efficient, but to the material cause, Plato, in his Timæus, lays down as the ground of his reasoning concerning the origin of the world.

1837, William Enfield, “Chapter VIII. Of the Academic Sect. Section I. Of Plato and His Philosophy.”, in The History of Philosophy, from the Earliest Periods: Drawn from Brucker's Historia Critica Philosophiæ, London: Printed for Thomas Tegg and Son, 73, Cheapside; R[ichard] Griffin and Co., Glasgow; Tegg and Co., Dublin; also, J. and S. A. Tegg, Sydney and Hobart Town, →OCLC, book II, pages 128–129:

Any publicity, runs the axiom, is good publicity.

1963 February, “Nobody runs this railway, mate”, in Modern Railways, page 73:

"As above, so below" is an axiom from Hermetic mysticism, and in this Hermetic vision of physiology the tongue is connected through the spinal column to the penis.

1981, William Irwin Thompson, The Time Falling Bodies Take to Light: Mythology, Sexuality and the Origins of Culture, London: Rider/Hutchinson & Co., page 16:

Can we then find axioms as self-evident as those of Arithmetic, on which we can build as on a sure foundation, which could be shaken only by a scepticism which should attack the whole fabric of our knowledge?

1999, Bertrand Russell, edited by Charles R. Pigden, Russell on Ethics: Selections from the Writings of Bertrand Russell, London, New York, N.Y.: Routledge, →ISBN:

w:Webster's Dictionary#Webster's New International Dictionary 1909

(philosophy) A seemingly self-evident or necessary truth which is based on assumption; a principle or proposition which cannot actually be proved or disproved.

aksiomë

philosophy: supposed self‐evident or necessary truth

[…] Geometry, an excellent Logic, as you obſerve, where the definitions are clear, where the Poſtulata cannot be refuſed, nor the Axioms denied; […]

1734 April 10, “Philalethes Cantabrigiensis” [pseudonym; James Jurin], Geometry No Friend to Infidelity: Or, A Defence of Sir Isaac Newton and the British Mathematicians, in a Letter to the Author of The Analyst, London: Printed for T. Cooper at the Globe in Ivy-Lane, →OCLC, page 28:

The axioms read as follows. For every composable pair f and g the composite f#x5C;circg goes from the domain of g to the codomain of f. For each object A the identity arrow 1#x5F;A goes from A to A. Composing any arrow with an identity arrow (supposing that the two are composable) gives the original arrow. And composition is associative.

1992, Colin McLarty, “Rudimentary Structures in a Category”, in Elementary Categories, Elementary Toposes (Oxford Logic Guides; 21), Oxford: Clarendon Press; New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 13:

(logic, mathematics, proof theory) A fundamental assumption that serves as a basis for deduction of theorems; a postulate (sometimes distinguished from postulates as being universally applicable, whereas postulates are particular to a certain science or context).


positive

en-adj

positive (comparative more positive, superlative most positive)

more positive (comparative)
most positive (superlative)

From Old French positif, from Latin positivus, from the past participle stem of ponere (“to place”). Compare posit.

[I]f the privation be good, it followes not the former condition was evill, but lesse good; for the flower or blossome, is a positive good, although the remove of it to give place to the fruit, be a comparative good.

1597, Francis [Bacon], “Of the Colours of Good and Evill, a Fragment”, in The Essayes […], 3rd edition, London: […] Iohn Haviland […], published 1632, →OCLC:

1885, Marcellin Berthelot, Les Origines de l'Alkimie as quoted in M. M. Pattison Muir, A History of Chemical Theories and Laws, 1907.
Chemistry is not a primitive science, like geometry or astronomy; it is constructed from the debris of a previous scientific formation; a formation half chimerical and half positive...

(chiefly philosophy) Actual, real, concrete, not theoretical or speculative.


eromenos

/ɛˈɹəʊmɛnɒs/

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἐρώμενος (erṓmenos, “beloved”).

lbor

Coordinate term: erastes

In his early twenties the young aristocratic lover (erastes) took a teen-aged youth, the eromenos or beloved, to bond with and train before going on at about age thirty to matrimony and fatherhood.

1996, William Armstrong Percy III, Pederasty and Pedagogy in Archaic Greece, University of Illinois Press, published 1998, →ISBN, page 1:

(historical) An adolescent boy in Ancient Greece who was courted by an older man, or was in an erotic relationship with him.

éromène

the younger partner in a pederastic relationship


erastes

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἐραστής (erastḗs, “lover”).

Coordinate term: eromenos

In regard to the boys (erōmenos) involved in ancient Greek pederasty, Dover (1978:52) asked: “What does the eromenos get out of submission to his erastēs?”

2002, Stephen O Murray, Pacific Homosexualities, iUniverse, page 80:

(historical) An adult man in Ancient Greece who courted or was in a pederastic relationship with an adolescent boy.

éraste

the older partner in a pederastic relationship


pal

en-verb

pal (third-person singular simple present pals, present participle palling, simple past and past participle palled)

pals (present singular third-person)
palling (participle present)
palled (participle past)
palled (past)

PIE word
 *bʰréh₂tēr
Borrowed from Angloromani pal (“brother, friend”), from Romani phral (“brother”), from Sanskrit भ्रातृ (bhrātṛ, “brother”). Doublet of bhai, brother, frater, and friar.

doublet

As an adult, she moved to New York and palled with trip-hop artist Tricky, who signed her to his own label.

2012 November 26, Evan Schlansky, “Song Premiere: Ife Sanchez Mora, Hopeful Heart”, in American Songwriter:

There were pictures of Garcia flashing diamond mouth grills. Spewing out a Vesuvius-amount of smoke. Showing off a riot of body tattoos. Aiming guns. Palling with superstars like Lil Wayne and Chris Brown. […]

2017 August 21, Kyle Swenson, “The rise and fall of Miami’s ‘CEO of Purple Drank’”, in The Washington Post:

In the trial, they showed photographs and videos of Unsworth being congratulated by the UK prime minister, palling with Thai government officials, and smiling while Prince William pinned him with an MBE, an appointment to the Order of the British Empire.

2020 January 30, Ryan Mac, “How Tesla CEO Elon Musk Won His "Pedo Guy" Trial”, in BuzzFeed News:

Greco also palled with Stone’s friend “Manhattan Madam” Kristin Davis, who was convicted of prostitution-related activities and selling prescription drugs.

2022 March 4, Graham Rayman, “Roger Stone said he never saw NYPD cop bodyguard with a gun or shield — video shows otherwise”, in New York Daily News:


plenary

en-adj

plenary (comparative more plenary, superlative most plenary)

more plenary (comparative)
most plenary (superlative)

From Middle English plenarie, plenarye, from Late Latin plēnārius, from Latin plēnus (“full”).

The method of treating a subject should be plenary or full.

1725, Isaac Watts, Logick: Or, The Right Use of Reason in the Enquiry after Truth, […], 2nd edition, London: […] John Clark and Richard Hett, […], Emanuel Matthews, […], and Richard Ford, […], published 1726, →OCLC:

(theology or law) Complete; full; entire; absolute.


fancy

From Middle English fansy, fantsy, a contraction of fantasy, fantasye, fantasie, from Old French fantasie, from Medieval Latin fantasia, from Late Latin phantasia (“an idea, notion, fancy, phantasm”), from Ancient Greek φαντασία (phantasía), from φαντάζω (phantázō, “to render visible”), from φαντός (phantós, “visible”), from φαίνω (phaínō, “to make visible”); from the same root as φάος (pháos, “light”); ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰh₂nyéti, from the root *bʰeh₂- (“to shine”). Doublet of fantasia, fantasy, phantasia, and phantasy.

doublet

And they’ve taken a fancy to me, Aunt said. Kitto and the others. That means they like me.

1967, Barbara Sleigh, Jessamy, Sevenoaks, Kent: Bloomsbury, published 1993, →ISBN, page 36:

He took a fancy to her.


platonic love

en-noun

platonic love (countable and uncountable, plural platonic loves)

Attested 1636 in Platonic Lovers by William Davenant. Earlier coined in Latin in the 15th century as amor platonicus by Florentine scholar Marsilio Ficino (originally in 1476 letter to Alamanno Donati, later expounded in De amore (1484)), based on his interpretation of the Symposium by Plato, specifically the speech by Socrates, relating the thoughts of Diotima of Mantinea.

De amore
Diotima of Mantinea
Marsilio Ficino
Plato
Socrates
William Davenant
platonic love


polyandry

polyandry (usually uncountable, plural polyandries)

The having of a plurality of husbands at the same time; usually, the marriage of a woman to more than one man, or the practice of having several husbands, at the same time.


demonstration

demonstration (countable and uncountable, plural demonstrations)

→ Dutch: demonstratie (semantic loan)

→ German: Demonstration (semantic loan)

desc

→ Japanese: デモンストレーション (demonsutorēshon)

From Middle English demonstracioun, from Old French demonstration, from Latin demonstrationem, from demonstrare (“show or explain”), from de- (“of or concerning”) + monstrare (“show”).
Morphologically demonstrate + -ion

He read the proposition. […] So he reads the demonstration of it, which referred him back to such a proposition,; which proposition he read.

a. 1697, John Aubrey, Brief Lives, s.v. Thomas Hobbes

If, then, proof from the basic truth is more accurate than proof not so derived, demonstration which depends more closely on it is more accurate than demonstration which is less closely dependent.

2021 September 21, Aristotle, The Complete Works of Aristotle. Illustrated: Logic, Universal Physics, Human Physics, Animal Physics, Metaphysics, Ethics and Politics and other, Strelbytskyy Multimedia Publishing:


Romeo

From Italian Romeo, from Ancient Greek Ῥωμαῖος (Rhōmaîos, “Roman”).

der

(espionage) A spy specialised in seducing persons of interest, in particular a man targeting women.


Charon

Charon
Charon (disambiguation)
Charon (moon)
Edmond Hamilton
NASA

From Ancient Greek Χάρων (Khárōn). The name of the moon was coined by American astronomer James W. Christy in 1978, in reference to a fictional moon of Pluto in a novel by Edmond Hamilton but also influenced by its similarity to Char, a pet name for Charlene, his wife's name — hence the alternative American pronunciation, which is used at NASA.

coin

(Greek mythology) The ferryman of Hades, who rowed the shades of the dead across the river Styx.


like

en-verb

like (third-person singular simple present likes, present participle liking, simple past and past participle liked)

likes (present singular third-person)
liking (participle present)
liked (participle past)
liked (past)

Jersey Dutch: lāike

Verb from Middle English liken, from Old English līcian (“to like, to please”), from Proto-West Germanic *līkēn, from Proto-Germanic *līkāną, from Proto-Indo-European *leyg- (“image; likeness; similarity”).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian liekje (“to be similar, resemble”), Dutch lijken (“to seem”), German Low German lieken (“to be like; resemble”), German gleichen (“to resemble”), Swedish lika (“to like; put up with; align with”), Norwegian like (“to like”), Icelandic líka (“to like”).
Noun from Middle English like (“pleasure, will, like”), from the verb Middle English liken (“to like”).

inh

падаба́цца (padabácca) (intransitive, the person who likes is the object of the verb in the dative case)

plaĉi al (intransitive, the person who likes is marked with the preposition al)

dáma (with subject in dative case and object in accusative case)

hóva (with subject in dative case and object in accusative case)

líka (with subject in dative case and object in accusative case)

falla (with subject in dative case and object in accusative case)

plaire (à)

gefallen (intransitive, the person who likes is the object of the verb in the dative case)

מָצָא חֵן בְּעֵינֵי (matzá ẖen b'enéy, literally “found grace in the eyes of”) (with subject and object reversed)

tetszik (with the person or thing liked in the dative)

podobać się impf (intransitive, the person who likes is the object of the verb in the dative case)

нра́виться impf (nrávitʹsja) (intransitive, the person who likes is the object of the verb in the dative case) (e.g. мне нра́вится (mne nrávitsja) + nominative case - I like + object)

сви́ђати се impf (intransitive, the person who likes is the object of the verb in the dative case)

svíđati se impf (intransitive, the person who likes is the object of the verb in the dative case)

zespódobaś se pf (intransitive, the person who likes is the object of the verb in the dative case)

all above + indirect object: ལ་དོན (la don) (oblique/dative-locative case) (ལ/-ར (la / -ra))

подо́батися (podóbatysja) (intransitive, the person who likes is the object of the verb in the dative case)

געפֿעלן (gefeln) (intransitive, the person who likes is the object of the verb in the dative case)

Would you like a cigarette?

We could go to the museum if you like.

I don't like to disturb him when he's working.

(with 'would' and in certain other phrases) To want, desire. See also would like.