umbrella

→ Igbo: mbalarị

→ Welsh: ymbarél

→ Yoruba: ọ̀bùrẹ́là

→ Tok Pisin: ambrela

Borrowed from Italian ombrella, umbrella (“parasol, sunshade”), diminutive of ombra (“shade”) (or from a Late Latin or Medieval Latin umbrella), from Latin umbra (“shadow”).

chatra

royal & religious symbol in South & East Asia

Using umbrellas for shooting a wedding party is ok, but not necessary.

2014, Michael Allen, Modern Wedding Photography, page 97:

(photography, television) An umbrella-shaped reflector with a white or silvery inner surface, used to diffuse a nearby light.


ROI

(photography) Initialism of region of interest (in digital images, microscopy: in 3-dim-specimen reconstructions by consecutive sectioning).


accelerator

* First attested in 1611.
* (motor vehicle): First attested in 1900.
* accelerate + -or

a pedal used to control a vehicle's speed

a device that speeds up computer processing

a key which a user can press to activate a menu

(photography) A chemical that reduces development time.

acelerador

photography: chemical that reduces development time


gray

en-verb

gray (third-person singular simple present grays, present participle graying, simple past and past participle grayed)

grays (present singular third-person)
graying (participle present)
grayed (participle past)
grayed (past)

From Middle English gray, from Old English grǣġ, from Proto-West Germanic *grāu, from Proto-Germanic *grēwaz, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰreh₁- (“to green, to grow”).
See also Dutch grauw, German grau, Old Norse grár); also Latin rāvus (“grey”), Old Church Slavonic зьрѭ (zĭrjǫ, “to see, to glance”), Russian зреть (zretʹ, “to watch, to look at”) (archaic), Lithuanian žeriù (“to shine”).

cog

(transitive, photography) To give a soft effect to (a photograph) by covering the negative while printing with a ground-glass plate.


zoom

en-verb

zoom (third-person singular simple present zooms, present participle zooming, simple past and past participle zoomed)

zooms (present singular third-person)
zooming (participle present)
zoomed (participle past)
zoomed (past)

→ Dutch: zoomen

→ Finnish: zoomata

→ French: zoomer

→ German: zoomen

→ Italian: zoomare

→ Norwegian Bokmål: zoome

Uncertain. The verb was attested in 1892, noun in 1918 and interjection in 1942. Apparently related to Scots soom (“to buzz, hum”), dialectal English and Scots soom, swoom, sweem (“to spin or twirl at high speed”). Compare also dialectal English sweem (“to swoon, become dizzy or faint”).

m+

(photography) To change the focal length of a zoom lens.

كَبَّرَ

to change the focal length of a zoom lens


hard

en-adj

hard (comparative harder or more hard, superlative hardest or most hard)

harder (comparative)
more hard (comparative)
hardest (superlative)
most hard (superlative)

→ Finnish: haarti

→ Spanish: hard

From Middle English hard, from Old English heard, from Proto-West Germanic *hard(ī), from Proto-Germanic *harduz, from Proto-Indo-European *kort-ús, from *kret- (“strong, powerful”). Cognate with German hart, Swedish hård, Ancient Greek κρατύς (kratús), Sanskrit क्रतु (krátu), Avestan 𐬑𐬭𐬀𐬙𐬎 (xratu).

صَعْب

requiring a lot of effort to do or understand

(photography, of light) Made up of parallel rays, producing clearly defined shadows.


pam

The tripod used on a pam prevents any of that disturbing vertical shake which is so obvious in hand-held slow pams.

1934, Frank Roy Fraprie, American Photography, volume 28, page 240:


pam

en-verb

pam (third-person singular simple present pams, present participle pamming, simple past and past participle pammed)

pams (present singular third-person)
pamming (participle present)
pammed (participle past)
pammed (past)

In this case the field was laid out in segments, and after the camera had been pammed about ten degrees it was stopped and the whole outfit moved over into the next segment, and so on round for ninety degrees;

1918, Edward Jewitt Wheeler, Frank Crane, Current Opinion - Volume 64, page 331:

The camera man, in turn, when he had filmed the accident, pammed — the outrageous word "pam" means panorama — immediately to the sheriff in the hope that he would shoot.

At one time he ordered a panorama effect, in which the cameras “pammed,” swept from one side to the other, giving a succession of faces at close range.

1921, Arthur Benjamin Reeve, The Film Mystery, page 347:

The mechanism for taking the pictures with these markers on the original film and record can not be operated in quite so simple a manner, since the camera must be left free to be “pammed"—that is, moved about on its tripod to change the field of view.

1925, Bell Laboratories Record - Volumes 1-2:

The institution is "pammed" from a nearby hill-top, followed by close-ups of the various buildings.

1932, Educational Screen - Volumes 11-12, page 141:

This equipment has a distance range of 12,000 feet, and a height range of 750 feet and b, one camera is located 1500 feet from the runway and is "pammed" to follow the airplane.

1947, The SAE Journal - Volume 55, page 46:

(dated, photography) To pan a camera in order to show a panorama.


burn

burn (third-person singular simple present burns, present participle burning, simple past and past participle burned or (mostly Commonwealth) burnt or (obsolete) brent)

burns (present singular third-person)
burning (participle present)
burned (participle past)
burned (past)
burnt (Commonwealth participle past)
burnt (Commonwealth past)
brent (obsolete participle past)
brent (obsolete past)
burn (infinitive)

Sranan Tongo: bron

Aukan: boon

From Middle English bernen, birnen, from Old English birnan (“to burn”), metathesis from Proto-West Germanic *brinnan, from Proto-Germanic *brinnaną (“to burn”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrenw-, present stem from *bʰrewh₁-. Doublet of brew.
See also Middle Irish brennim (“drink up”), bruinnim (“bubble up”); also Middle Irish bréo (“flame”), Albanian burth (“Cyclamen hederifolium, mouth burning”), Sanskrit भुरति (bhurati, “moves quickly, twitches, fidgets”). More at brew.

verbranden

chemistry: to cause to combine with oxygen or other active agent

Coordinate term: dodge

(photography) To increase the exposure for certain areas of a print in order to make them lighter.

lisävalottaa

photography: to increase the exposure for certain areas of a print


camera

en-noun

camera (plural cameras or (rare) cameræ or (rare) camerae)

cameras (plural)
cameræ (plural rare)
camerae (plural rare)

Tok Pisin: kamera

→ Arabic: كاميرا (kāmērā)

→ Assamese: কেমেৰা (kemera)

→ Bengali: ক্যামেরা (kêmera)

→ Burmese: ကင်မရာ (kangma.ra)

→ Catalan: càmera

→ French: caméra
→ Turkish: kamera

→ Gujarati: કેમેરા (kemerā)

→ Hindi: कैमरा (kaimrā)

→ Hungarian: kamera

→ Irish: ceamara

→ Hausa: kyamara

desctree

→ Japanese: カメラ (kamera)
→ Hokkien: kha-mé-lah

→ Kannada: ಕ್ಯಾಮೆರಾ (kyāmerā)

→ Korean: 카메라 (kamera)

→ Luhya: ekamera

→ Manx: camerey

→ Malay: kamera

→ Maori: kāmera

→ Marathi: कॅमेरा (kĕmerā)

→ Nepali: क्यामेरा (kyāmerā)

→ Norman: caméra, quéméreu

→ Occitan: camerà

→ Punjabi: ਕਮਰਾ (kamrā)

→ Pashto: کامره (kāmrá), کېمره (kemrá)

→ Persian: کامرا (kâmerâ)

→ Romanian: cameră

→ Scottish Gaelic: camara

→ Swahili: kamera

→ Tamil: கேமரா (kēmarā)

→ Telugu: కెమెరా (kemerā)

→ Urdu: کیمرہ (kaimra)

→ Welsh: camera

→ Yoruba: kámẹ́rà

Learned borrowing from Latin camera (“chamber or bedchamber”), from Ancient Greek καμάρα (kamára, “anything with an arched cover, a covered carriage or boat, a vaulted chamber, a vault”), of Old Iranian origin, from Proto-Iranian *kamarā- (“something curved”), from *kamárati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kmárati, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂em- (“to bend, curve”). Doublet of chamber.(device): A clipping of camera obscura, from New Latin camera obscura (“dark chamber”), because the first cameras used a pinhole and a dark room.

der

The single-imaging optic of the mammalian eye offers some distinct visual advantages. Such lenses can take in photons from a wide range of angles, increasing light sensitivity. They also have high spatial resolution, resolving incoming images in minute detail. It’s therefore not surprising that most cameras mimic this arrangement.

2013 July-August, Fenella Saunders, “Tiny Lenses See the Big Picture”, in American Scientist:

(photography) A device for taking still or moving pictures or photographs.


cheese

→ Icelandic: sís

→ Japanese: チーズ (chīzu)

Say "cheese"! ... and there we are!

(photography) Said while being photographed, to give the impression of smiling.


overlay

/ˈəʊ.vəˌleɪ/

From Middle English overleyen, from Old English oferleċġan, from Proto-West Germanic *obarlaggjan, from Proto-Germanic *uberlagjaną, equivalent to over- + lay. Cognate with Saterland Frisian uurläze, úurlääse, Dutch overleggen, German Low German overleggen, överleggen, German überlegen, Swedish överlägga, Norwegian overlegge. Compare overlie.

(photography, graphic arts) An image to be overlaid on another; a superimposition or diapositive.


dupe

(photography) A duplicate of a photographic image.

A duplicate. Often:
A duplicate of a photographic image.


shoot

Catalan: xut

Portuguese: chuto

From Middle English shoten, from Old English scēotan, from Proto-West Germanic *skeutan, from Proto-Germanic *skeutaną, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kéwd-e-ti, from *(s)kewd- (“to shoot, throw”).
Cognates
Cognate with West Frisian sjitte, Low German scheten, Dutch schieten, German schießen, Danish skyde, Norwegian Bokmål skyte, Norwegian Nynorsk skyta, Swedish skjuta; and also, through Indo-European, with Russian кида́ть (kidátʹ), Albanian hedh (“to throw, toss”), Persian چست (čost, “quick, active”), Lithuanian skudrùs.

While you see some of our exploration on camera, I also spent many happy hours between shoots with Chris Nix, digging out dozens of wonderful plans, maps and drawings of projects that I never knew existed, and some that never did exist.

2021 June 30, Tim Dunn, “How we made... Secrets of the London Underground”, in RAIL, number 934, page 50:


shot

en-noun

shot (countable and uncountable, plural shots)

→ Dutch: shot

→ French: shot

→ Macedonian: шот (šot)

→ Malay: syot

→ Polish: shot

→ Portuguese: shot

→ Russian: шот (šot)

→ Spanish: shot

→ Swedish: shot

→ Ukrainian: шот (šot)

From Old English sceot, from Proto-Germanic *skutą; compare the doublet scot.

you miss 100% of the shots you don't take

We got a good shot of the hummingbirds mating.

Even if everyone else is taking close-up shots of the crumpled body of a rock climber who fell to his death, and your photographer did too, maybe you don't feel the need to air that shot.

2004, Robert Thompson, Cindy Malone, The Broadcast Journalism Handbook: A Television News Survival Guide, →ISBN, page 4:

On arrival at Birmingham New Street, I make my way upstairs to the mezzanine to get shots of an almost deserted concourse, polka-dotted with social distancing circles like some strange board-game.

2020 December 2, Paul Bigland, “My weirdest and wackiest Rover yet”, in Rail, page 68:

(photography, film) A single snapshot or an unbroken sequence of photographic film exposures, or the digital equivalent; an unedited sequence of frames.

لَقْطَة

photography: single unbroken sequence of photographic exposures


slide

→ Czech: slajd

→ Japanese: スライド (suraido)

→ Persian: اسلاید (eslâyd)

→ Polish: slajd

→ Portuguese: slide

From Middle English sliden, from Old English slīdan (“to slide”), from Proto-West Germanic *slīdan, from Proto-Germanic *slīdaną (“to slide, glide”), from Proto-Indo-European *sléydʰ-e-ti, from *sleydʰ- (“slippery”). Cognate with Old High German slītan (“to slide”) (whence German schlittern), Middle Low German slīden (“to slide”), Middle Dutch slīden (“to slide”) (whence Dutch slijderen, frequentative of now obsolete slijden), Vedic Sanskrit स्रेधति (srédhati, “to err, blunder”).

cog

(photography) A transparent plate bearing an image to be projected to a screen.


speed

en-noun

speed (countable and uncountable, plural speeds)

From Middle English spede (“prosperity, good luck, quickness, success”), from Old English spēd (“success”), from Proto-West Germanic *spōdi (“prosperity, success”), from Proto-West Germanic *spōan, from Proto-Germanic *spōaną (“to prosper, succeed, be happy”), from Proto-Indo-European *speh₁- (“to prosper, turn out well”). Cognate with Scots spede, speid (“success, quickness, speed”), Dutch spoed (“haste; speed”), German Low German Spood (“haste; speed; eagerness; success”), German Sput (“progress, acceleration, haste”). Related also to Old English spōwan (“to be successful, succeed”), Albanian shpejt (“to speed, to hurry”) and Russian спеши́ть (spešítʹ, “to hurry”), Latin spēs (“hope, expectation”), spērō (“hope”, verb), perhaps also to Ancient Greek σπεύδω (speúdō, “to urge on, hasten, press on”).

cog

(photography) The sensitivity to light of film, plates or sensor.

(photography) The duration of exposure, the time during which a camera shutter is open (shutter speed).

(photography) The largest size of the lens opening at which a lens can be used.

(photography) The ratio of the focal length to the diameter of a photographic objective.


depth

en-noun

depth (countable and uncountable, plural depths)

From Middle English depthe, from Old English *dīepþ (“depth”), from Proto-Germanic *diupiþō (“depth”), equivalent to deep + -th. Cognate with Scots deepth (“depth”), Saterland Frisian Djüpte (“depth”), West Frisian djipte (“depth”), Dutch diepte (“depth”), Low German Deepde (“depth”), Danish dybde (“depth”), Icelandic dýpt (“depth”), Gothic 𐌳𐌹𐌿𐍀𐌹𐌸𐌰 (diupiþa, “depth”).

The depth of field in this picture is amazing.

(art, photography) the property of appearing three-dimensional


plate

→ Maori: pereti

→ Hindi: प्लेट (pleṭ)

From Middle English plate, from Old French plate, from Medieval Latin plata, from Vulgar Latin *plat(t)us, from Ancient Greek πλατύς (platús, “broad, flat, wide”). Compare Spanish plato.
(foot): Cockney rhyming slang, from "plates of meat" for "feet".

der

(printing, photography) An image or copy.


plate

en-verb

plate (third-person singular simple present plates, present participle plating, simple past and past participle plated)

plates (present singular third-person)
plating (participle present)
plated (participle past)
plated (past)

From Middle English platen, from Old English platian and Old French plater, both ultimately from Latin plata (see above).

After preparation, the chef will plate the dish.

I took her for sushi, she wanted to fuck / So we took it to go, told 'em don't even plate it

2011, “HYFR”, in Take Care, performed by Drake ft. Lil Wayne:

(cooking, photography) To place the various elements of a meal on the diner's plate prior to serving.


blade

From Middle English blade, blad, from Old English blæd (“leaf”), from Proto-West Germanic *blad, from Proto-Germanic *bladą, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰl̥h₃-o-to-m, from *bʰleh₃- (“to thrive, bloom”).
See also West Frisian bled, Dutch blad, German Blatt, Danish blad, Irish bláth (“flower”), Welsh blodyn (“flower”), Tocharian A pält, Tocharian B pilta (“leaf”), Albanian fletë (“leaf”). Similar usage in German Sägeblatt (“saw blade”, literally “saw leaf”). Doublet of blat. More at blow.

teh

typically sharp-edged working end of a knife or other cutting tool

(photography) One of a series of small plates that make up the aperture or the shutter of a camera.

lamella

one of a series of small plates that make up the aperture or the shutter of a camera


fog

en-noun

fog (countable and uncountable, plural fogs)

Origin uncertain; but probably of North Germanic origin. Probably either a back-formation from foggy (“covered with tall grass; thick, marshy”), from the earlier-attested fog (“tall grass”) (see below), or from or related to Danish fog (“spray, shower, drift, storm”), related to Icelandic fok (“spray, any light thing tossed by the wind, snowdrift”), Icelandic fjúka (“to blow, drive”), from Proto-Germanic *feukaną (“to whisk, blow”), from Proto-Indo-European *pug- (“billow, bulge, drift”), from *pew-, *pow- (“to blow, drift, billow”), in which case related to German fauchen (“to hiss, spit, spray”).

der

(photography) A silver deposit or other blur on a negative or developed photographic image.

воа́л

photography: blur on a developed photographic image


fog

en-verb

fog (third-person singular simple present fogs, present participle fogging, simple past and past participle fogged)

fogs (present singular third-person)
fogging (participle present)
fogged (participle past)
fogged (past)

(intransitive, photography) To become dim or obscure.

(transitive, photography) To make dim or obscure.

(transitive, photography) To spoil (film) via exposure to light other than in the normal process of taking a photograph.


still

From Middle English stille (“motionless, stationary”), from Old English stille (“still, quiet”), from Proto-West Germanic *stillī, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)telH- (“to be silent; to be still”). Cognate with Scots stil (“still”), Saterland Frisian stil (“motionless, calm, quiet”), West Frisian stil (“quiet, still”), Dutch stil (“quiet, silent, still”), Low German still (“quiet, still”), German still (“still, quiet, tranquil, silent”), Swedish stilla (“quiet, silent, peaceful”), Icelandic stilltur (“set, quiet, calm, still”). Related to stall.
(noun: Falkland Islander): Military slang, short for still a Benny, since the military had been instructed not to refer to the islanders by the derogatory term Benny (which see).

cog

l-vocalizing: UK, General Australian, New Zealand

(photography) A photograph, as opposed to movie footage.

(cinematography) A single frame from a film.


stop

en-verb

stop (third-person singular simple present stops, present participle stopping, simple past and past participle stopped)

stops (present singular third-person)
stopping (participle present)
stopped (participle past)
stopped (past)
stop (infinitive)

continue

antonym(s) of “to cause to cease moving”

continue

antonym(s) of “to cause to come to an end”

→ Finnish: stop

→ French: stop

→ Greek: στοπ (stop)

→ Hungarian: stop

→ Irish: stop

→ Italian: stop

→ Latvian: stop

→ Ottoman Turkish: استوپ (istop)

→ Polish: stop

→ Portuguese: stop

→ Russian: стоп (stop)

→ Spanish: stop

→ Welsh: stopio

→ Tok Pisin: stap

From Middle English stoppen, stoppien, from Old English stoppian (“to stop, close”), from Proto-West Germanic *stoppōn, from Proto-Germanic *stuppōną (“to stop, close”), *stuppijaną (“to push, pierce, prick”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewp-, *(s)tewb- (“to push; stick”), from *(s)tew- (“to bump; impact; butt; push; beat; strike; hit”).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian stopje (“to stop, block”), West Frisian stopje (“to stop”), Dutch stoppen (“to stop”), Low German stoppen (“to stop”), German stopfen (“to be filling, stuff”), German stoppen (“to stop”), Danish stoppe (“to stop”), Swedish stoppa (“to stop”), Icelandic stoppa (“to stop”), Middle High German stupfen, stüpfen (“to pierce”). More at stuff, stump.
Alternative etymology derives Proto-West Germanic *stoppōn from an assumed Vulgar Latin *stūpāre, *stuppāre (“to stop up with tow”), from stūpa, stīpa, stuppa (“tow, flax, oakum”), from Ancient Greek στύπη (stúpē), στύππη (stúppē, “tow, flax, oakum”). This derivation, however, is doubtful, as the earliest instances of the Germanic verb do not carry the meaning of "stuff, stop with tow". Rather, these senses developed later in response to influence from similar sounding words in Latin and Romance.

megakadályoz

to cause to cease progressing, to prevent

if you find yourself in a hole, the first thing to do is stop digging

To achieve maximum depth of field, he stopped down to an f-stop of 22.

(transitive, intransitive, photography, often with "up" or "down") To adjust the aperture of a camera lens.


stop

(photography) A part of a photographic system that reduces the amount of light.

(photography) A unit of exposure corresponding to a doubling of the brightness of an image.


gram

Alternative form of 'gram (“Instagram”).


gram

en-verb

gram (third-person singular simple present grams, present participle gramming, simple past and past participle grammed)

grams (present singular third-person)
gramming (participle present)
grammed (participle past)
grammed (past)


flash

en-noun

flash (countable and uncountable, plural flashes)

→ Catalan: flaix

→ Polish: flesz

In some senses, from Middle English flasshen, a variant of flasken, flaskien (“to sprinkle, splash”), which was likely of imitative origin; in other senses probably of North Germanic origin akin to Swedish dialectal flasa (“to burn brightly, blaze”), related to flare. Compare also Icelandic flasa (“to rush, go hastily”).

onomatopoeic

imitative

(photography) Clipping of camera flash (“a device used to produce a flash of artificial light to help illuminate a scene”).


blooming

en-noun

blooming (countable and uncountable, plural bloomings)

(photography) A phenomenon where excessive light causes bright patches in a picture.


spider

spider (countable and uncountable, plural spiders)

[ˈspʌɪ̯ɾə(ɹ)]

From Middle English spiþre, spydyr, spider, spiþer, from Old English spīþra (“spider”), from Proto-West Germanic *spinþrijō, from Proto-Germanic *spinnaną (“to spin”). Mostly displaced attercop (“spider, unpleasant person”), now a dialectal term.

The spider is very useful for shooting in the studio or on locations with smooth floors where tripod legs tend to slide.

1927, H. Mario Raimondo Souto, The Technique of the Motion Picture Camera, page 64:

(photography) A support for a camera tripod, preventing it from sliding.


photography

photography (usually uncountable, plural photographies)

From French photographie. By surface analysis, photo- + -graphy, together meaning "drawing with light" or "representation by means of lines", "drawing". From φωτός (phōtós, “of light”, genitive), and γράφω (gráphō, “I write”).

go on a photography course

The art and technology of producing images on photosensitive surfaces, and its digital counterpart.


expose

en-verb

expose (third-person singular simple present exposes, present participle exposing, simple past and past participle exposed)

exposes (present singular third-person)
exposing (participle present)
exposed (participle past)
exposed (past)

Borrowed from Middle French exposer (“to lay open, set forth”), from Latin expōnō (“set forth”), with contamination from poser (“to lay, place”). Doublet of expound, via Old French espondre (“to set forth, explain”), from the same Latin term.

der

The dispatches revealed details of corruption and kleptocracy that many Tunisians suspected, […]. They also exposed the blatant discrepancy between the west's professed values and actual foreign policies.

2013 June 7, Gary Younge, “Hypocrisy lies at heart of Manning prosecution”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 188, number 26, page 18:

You understand that by using the Services, you may be exposed to Content that might be offensive, harmful, inaccurate or otherwise inappropriate, or in some cases, postings that have been mislabeled or are otherwise deceptive.

2021 August 19, “Twitter User Agreement”, in Twitter, archived from the original on 2021-08-20, 3 Content on the Services:

en:to reveal, uncover, make visible, bring to light, introduce to

(transitive) To reveal, uncover, make visible, bring to light, introduce (to).

เปิดเผย

bpə̀ət-pə̌əi

mostrar

to uncover something so it is open to the elements

bewray

(to reveal): bare, nake; see Thesaurus:reveal; a hidden aspect of one's character

doff

(to reveal): bare, nake; see Thesaurus:reveal; to remove clothing

undress

en:to subject photographic film to light, thereby recording an image

(transitive) To subject photographic film to light thereby recording an image.

To submit to an active (mostly dangerous) substance like an allergen, ozone, nicotine, solvent, or to any other stress, in order to test the reaction, resistance, etc.

In the OO world, the word is to hide the structure of the data, and expose only functionality. OO designers expose an object to the world in terms of the services it provides.

2000, Robert C. Martin, More C++ Gems, page 266:

(computing, transitive) To make available to other parts of a program, or to other programs.


slave

Inherited from Middle English sclave, from Old French sclave, from Medieval Latin sclavus (“slave”), from Late Latin Sclavus (“Slav”), traditionally assumed to be because Slavs were often forced into slavery in the Middle Ages. The Latin word is from Byzantine Greek Σκλάβος (Sklábos); see that entry and Slav for more. Displaced native Old English þēow. Thrall and bondsman/bondswoman, however, remain common synonyms. Doublet of ciao and Slav.
An alternative hypothesis derives sclavus from Ancient Greek σκῡλεύω (skūleúō), σκῡλάω (skūláō, “to strip or despoil a slain enemy”).

If you administer your own reverse DNS zones, remember to include them in your slave configuration.

2011, Roderick W. Smith, LPIC-2 Linux Professional Institute Certification Study Guide, John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN:

(engineering, computing, photography) A device (such as a secondary flash or hard drive) that is subject to the control of another (a master).

slave

device that is controlled by another device


glass

en-noun

glass (countable and uncountable, plural glasses)

→ Gulf Arabic: قلاص (gḷāṣ)

→ Fiji Hindi: gilaas

→ Japanese: グラス (gurasu)

→ Kikuyu: ngirathi

→ Malay: gelas, ݢلس

From Middle English glas, from Old English glæs, from Proto-West Germanic *glas, from Proto-Germanic *glasą, possibly related to Proto-Germanic *glōaną (“to shine”) (compare glow), and ultimately from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰel- (“to shine, shimmer, glow”). Cognate with West Frisian glês, Dutch glas, Low German Glas, German Glas, Swedish glas, Icelandic gler.

pleksi

sport: barrier made of solid, transparent material

people that live in glass houses should not throw stones

people that live in glass houses shouldn't throw stones

people who live in glass houses should not throw stones

people who live in glass houses shouldn't throw stones

those who live in glass houses should not throw stones

those who live in glass houses shouldn't throw stones

Her new camera was incompatible with her old one, so she needed to buy new glass.

(uncountable, photography, informal) Lenses, considered collectively.


grain

grain (countable and uncountable, plural grains)

From Middle English greyn, grayn, grein, from Old French grain, grein, from Latin grānum (“seed”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵr̥h₂nóm (“grain”). Doublet of corn, gram, granum, and grao.

𒊺

harvested seeds of various grass-related food crops

гран

unit of mass notionally based on grain's weight

(photography, videography) Visual texture in processed photographic film due to the presence of small particles of a metallic silver, or dye clouds, developed from silver halide that have received enough photons.

rakeisuus

visual texture in processed photographic film


photograph

/ˈfəʊ.təˌɡɹɑːf/

[ˈfəʊ̯.tʰə̥ˌɡɹ̠ɑːf]

/ˈfoʊ.təˌɡɹæf/

[ˈfoʊ̯.ɾəˌɡɹ̠æf]

Drawings and pictures are more than mere ornaments in scientific discourse. Blackboard sketches, geological maps, diagrams of molecular structure, astronomical photographs, MRI images, the many varieties of statistical charts and graphs: These pictorial devices are indispensable tools for presenting evidence, for explaining a theory, for telling a story.

2012 March 24, Brian Hayes, “Pixels or Perish”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 2, archived from the original on 2013-02-19, page 106:

(photography) A picture created by projecting an image onto a photosensitive surface such as a chemically treated plate or film, CCD receptor, etc.


weak

en-adj

weak (comparative weaker, superlative weakest)

weaker (comparative)
weakest (superlative)

healthy

antonym(s) of “lacking in force or ability”

potent

antonym(s) of “lacking in taste or potency”

From Middle English weyk, wayk, weik, waik, from Old Norse veikr (“weak”), from Proto-Germanic *waikwaz (“weak, yielded, pliant, bendsome”), from Proto-Indo-European *weyk- (“to bend, wind”).
Cognate with Old English wāc (“weak, bendsome”), Saterland Frisian wook (“soft, gentle, tender”), West Frisian weak (“soft”), Dutch week (“soft, weak”), German weich (“weak, soft”), Norwegian veik (“weak”), Swedish vek (“weak, pliant”), Icelandic veikur (“bendsome, weak”). Related to Old English wīcan (“to yield”). Doublet of week and wick.

cog

the spirit is willing but the flesh is weak

the strong do what they can and the weak suffer what they must

a weak negative


bracket

en-verb

bracket (third-person singular simple present brackets, present participle bracketing, simple past and past participle bracketed)

brackets (present singular third-person)
bracketing (participle present)
bracketed (participle past)
bracketed (past)

From earlier bragget, *bracket, from Middle English *braget, *braket (attested in braket nail), from Old French braguette (“the opening in the fore part of a pair of breeches, one's fly”), a diminutive of Old French brague (“knickers, britches”), from Old Occitan braga, from Latin brāca (“pants”), from Transalpine Gaulish *brāca, from Proto-Germanic *brāks, an early form of Proto-Germanic *brōks (“leggings, breeches, trousers”).

der

(photography) To take multiple images of the same subject, using a range of exposure settings, in order to help ensure that a satisfactory image is obtained.

haarukoida

to photograph at multiple exposure levels


process

en-verb

process (third-person singular simple present processes, present participle processing, simple past and past participle processed)

processes (present singular third-person)
processing (participle present)
processed (participle past)
processed (past)

From Middle English proces, from Old French procés (“journey”), from Latin prōcessus (“course, progression”), nominalization of prōcēdō (“proceed, advance”).

(transitive, photography, film) To develop photographic film.


aerial

General American, Mary–marry–merry merger

From Latin āerius + -al, from Ancient Greek ἀέριος (aérios), from ἀήρ (aḗr, “air”).

Hemment is on record as being the first person to film aerials of wildlife – he filmed a flock of wild ducks early in 1911, possibly on Rainey's Louisiana property.

2010, Jean Hartley, Africa's Big Five and Other Wildlife Filmmakers:


focus

en-noun

focus (countable and uncountable, plural foci or focuses or focusses)

foci (plural)
focuses (plural)
focusses (plural)

Borrowed from Latin focus (“hearth, fireplace”); see there for more. Doublet of fuel.
Kepler introduced the term into mathematics and the sciences in describing elliptical orbits of planets (quote from Nicholas Mee) :
"One of the interesting properties of an ellipse is that if there were a light bulb at one focus, then all the light that it emits would reflect off the ellipse and converge at the other focus. This is why Kepler originally used the name focus for these points."

bor+

Unfortunately, the license plate is out of focus in this image.

Not long ago, it was difficult to produce photographs of tiny creatures with every part in focus.[…]A photo processing technique called focus stacking has changed that. Developed as a tool to electronically combine the sharpest bits of multiple digital images, focus stacking is a boon to biologists seeking full focus on a micron scale.

2013 July-August, Catherine Clabby, “Focus on Everything”, in American Scientist:

(uncountable, photography, cinematography) The fact of the convergence of light on the photographic medium.

fokus

During this scene, the boy’s face shifts subtly from soft focus into sharp focus.

(uncountable, photography, cinematography) The quality of the convergence of light on the photographic medium.


pyro

en-noun

pyro (countable and uncountable, plural pyros)

Shortening of a word starting with pyro-, ultimately from Ancient Greek πῦρ (pûr, “fire”).

(uncountable, archaic, especially photography) Pyrogallol, pyrogallic acid.


development

development (countable and uncountable, plural developments)

From French développement, from Old French desvelopemens (“unrolling”). By surface analysis, develop + -ment. First attested in 1756.

I sent the film to a specialist lab for development.

(photography) The processing of photographic film so as to bring out the images latent in it.


squeegee

Probably from squeege, an intensified form of squeeze. Compare earlier squill-gee, squillgee.

скребо́к

с рези́новой наса́дкой

A roller used to similar effect, particularly

(photography) A tool used to remove excess moisture from a print.


panoramic

/ˌpænəˈɹæmɪk/

Scenic panoramics were not the best sellers. All commercial panoramic photographers specialized in pictures of large groups.

2003, Robert Bogdan, Henry M. Beach, Adirondack vernacular: the photography of Henry M. Beach, page 35:


film

film (countable and uncountable, plural films)

→ Amharic: ፊልም (film)

→ Bulgarian: филм (film)

→ Catalan: film

→ Chinese: 菲林 (fēilín)

→ Crimean Tatar: film

→ Czech: film

→ Danish: film

desctree

→ Dutch: film
→ Caribbean Hindustani: felam
→ Caribbean Javanese: film
→ Indonesian: film
→ Javanese: film, filem

→ French: film
→ Albanian: film
→ Arabic: فِيلْم (fīlm), فِلْم (film)
→ Khmer: ហ្វីល (fiil)
→ Persian: فیلم (film)
→ Romanian: film
→ Turkish: film
→ Vietnamese: phim

→ Galician: filme

→ German: Film
→ Estonian: film
→ Silesian: film

→ Greek: φιλμ (film)

→ Haitian Creole: fim

→ Hebrew: פילם (film)

→ Hindi: फ़िल्म (film)

→ Hungarian: film

→ Italian: film

→ Japanese: フィルム (firumu)

→ Korean: 필름 (pilleum)

→ Lao: ຟີມ (fīm)

→ Latvian: filma

→ Lithuanian: filmas

→ Macedonian: филм (film)

→ Malay: filem

→ Malayalam: ഫിലിം (philiṁ)

→ Marathi: फिल्म (philma)

→ Norman: film

→ Pashto: پلم (pilm)

→ Polish: film
→ Kashubian: film

→ Portuguese: filme

→ Punjabi: ਫ਼ਿਲਮ (filam)

→ Russian: фильм (filʹm), фи́льма (fílʹma) — obsolete, feminine, фильмъ (filʹm) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
→ Armenian: ֆիլմ (film)
→ Azerbaijani: film
→ Belarusian: фільм (filʹm)
→ Georgian: ფილმი (pilmi)
→ Kazakh:
Arabic script: فيلم
Cyrillic script: фильм (film)
→ Kyrgyz: фильм (film)
→ Mongolian:
Cyrillic script: фильм (filʹm)
Mongolian script: ᠹᠢᠯᠢᠮ (filim)
→ Ukrainian: фільм (filʹm)
→ Uyghur: فىلىم (filim)
→ Uzbek: film

→ Scottish Gaelic: film

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: фи̏лм

Latin script: fȉlm

→ Sinhalese: ෆිල්ම් (film)

→ Slovak: film

→ Spanish: filme

→ Swahili: filamu

→ Tigrinya: ፊልም (film)

→ Thai: ฟิล์ม (fim)

→ Urdu: فلم (film)

→ Welsh: ffilm

→ Yiddish: פֿילם (film)

From Middle English filme, from Old English filmen (“film, membrane, thin skin, foreskin”), from Proto-West Germanic *filmīn-, from Proto-Germanic *filmīn- (“thin skin, membrane”) (compare Proto-Germanic *felma- (“skin, hide”)), from Proto-Indo-European *pél-mo- (“membrane”), from *pel- (“to cover, skin”). Cognate with Old Frisian filmene (“thin skin, human skin”), Middle Dutch velm, vilm (“fleece, film, membrane”), Old High German felm (“peel, skin, wrap”), Old English *felma (in ǣġerfelma (“egg membrane”)). Related also to Dutch vel (“sheet, skin”), German Fell (“skin, hide, fur”), Swedish fjäll (“fur blanket, cloth, scale”), Norwegian fille (“rag, cloth”), Lithuanian plėvē (“membrane, scab”), Russian плева́ (plevá, “membrane”), Ancient Greek πέλμα (pélma, “sole of the foot”). More at fell. Sense of a thin coat of something is 1577, extended by 1845 to the coating of chemical gel on photographic plates. By 1895 this also meant the coating plus the paper or celluloid.

cog

(photography) A medium used to capture images in a camera.


aperture

/ˈæp.ɚˌt͡ʃʊɹ/

/ˈæp.ɚ.t͡ʃɚ/

/ˈæp.ɚˌtjʊɹ/

-æpə(ɹ)tʃʊə(ɹ)

From late Middle English, from Latin apertūra (“an opening”), from aperiō (“to uncover, make or lay bare”) + -tūra (“-ure”, action noun suffix). Doublet of overture.

stralingsvlak

hole restricting the diameter of the lightpath through one plane

апертура

refers to the opening itself, not to the device

This telescope has a 100 cm aperture.

(optics) A hole which restricts the diameter of the lightpath through one plane in an optical system.

(astronomy, photography) The diameter of such a hole which restricts the width of the lightpath through the whole system. For a telescope, this is the diameter of the objective lens.


CCD

en-noun

CCD (countable and uncountable, plural CCDs)

Charge-coupled device
Colony Collapse Disorder


RF

RF (countable and uncountable, plural RFs)

(photography) Initialism of range finder.

(optics, imaging, photography) Abbreviation of radiance field.


soup

soup (countable and uncountable, plural soups)

→ Tamil: சூப் (cūp)

→ Thai: ซุป (súp)

Wikiquote
The noun is from Middle English soupe, sowpe, from Old French soupe, souppe, sope, from Late Latin suppa (“sopped bread”), from Proto-Germanic *supô (compare Middle Dutch sope (“broth”)). Doublet of zuppa. See also sop and supper.
The verb is from the noun.

(figuratively) Any mixture or substance suggestive of soup consistency.

(photography) Processing chemicals into which film is dipped, such as developer.


soup

en-verb

soup (third-person singular simple present soups, present participle souping, simple past and past participle souped)

soups (present singular third-person)
souping (participle present)
souped (participle past)
souped (past)

That girl Vivienne, by the way, once worked as a secretary in the workshop of The Rotarian, began "souping" her own snapshots at home, went from there to top rank as a New York color photographer specializing in small children […]

1970 December, The Rotarian, volume 117, number 6, page 31:

"Then perhaps it won't surprise you to learn Annie's taking over the Sunday social column," Roz said. "You photo-guys'll be souping her film."

And her camera position had been completely out of his sight. Satisfied that she'd gotten everything she'd needed - much more, in fact - she went back inside and got to work. Jill had souped her first photographs while she'd been on […]

1998, Edward Gorman, Cold Blue Midnight:

By 6 pm Beau and I are back at the paper, souping the film, when Woody rushes into the room.

2005, Jock Lauterer, Community Journalism: A Personal Approach, page 242:

(photography) To develop (film) in a (chemical) developing solution.


hero

en-noun

hero (plural heroes or (sandwich sense) heros)

→ Hindi: हीरो (hīro)

→ Japanese: ヒーロー (hīrō)

→ Korean: 히어로 (hieoro)

→ Thai: ฮีโร่ (hii-rôo)

[ˈhɪə.ɹəʊ~ˈçɪə.ɹəʊ]

From Middle English heroes, from Old French heroes, from Latin hērōs (“hero”), from Ancient Greek ἥρως (hḗrōs, “demi-god, hero”), from Proto-Indo-European *ser- (“to watch over, protect”). Related to Latin servo (“protect”). Displaced Middle English heleð, haleð, from Old English hæleþ, hæle.

der

The preparation of the hero food involves any number of specialized techniques food stylists have developed to deal with the demands of photographing food.

2003, Solomon H. Katz, William Woys Weaver, Encyclopedia of Food and Culture:

Protect the hero food. Whether the hero items are on a table in the studio or in the refrigerator, freezer, etc., be sure they are identified as hero items and not for consumption.

2008, Linda Bellingham, Jean Ann Bybee, Brad G. Rogers, Food Styling for Photographers, page 8:

The food stylists this day had spent inordinate amounts of time preparing the hero product for a close-up scene.

2008, David Random, Defying Gravity, page 24:

(film, photography, chiefly attributive) The product chosen from several candidates to be photographed, as in food advertising, or with props used in a movie.


print

en-noun

print (countable and uncountable, plural prints)

cursive

antonym(s) of “writing without connected letters”

From Middle English *printen, prenten, preenten, an apheretic form of emprinten, enprinten (“to impress; imprint”) (see imprint). Compare Dutch prenten (“to imprint”), Middle Low German prenten (“to print; write”), Danish prente (“to print”), Swedish prenta (“to write German letters”). Compare also Late Old French printer, preindre (“to press”), from Latin premere (“to press”).

cog

(photography) A photograph that has been printed onto paper from the negative.


filter

→ Japanese: フィルター (firutā)

→ Korean: 필터 (pilteo)

From Middle English filtre, from Medieval Latin filtrum (compare also Old French feutre (“felt; filter”)), from Frankish *filtir, from Proto-West Germanic *felt. See felt. Doublet of phin.

(photography) A translucent object placed in the light path of a camera to remove certain wavelengths (colors), or a computer program that simulates such an effect.


digital camera

The good thing about digital cameras and digital backs is that they allow you to change ISO in the middle of shooting. You can't do that with film.

2006, Michael Grecco, Lighting and the Dramatic Portrait, Amphoto Books, →ISBN, page 20:

An electronic, often battery-powered device for recording and storing photographs in digital format, especially on a flash card.


chiaroscuro

en-noun

chiaroscuro (countable and uncountable, plural chiaroscuros or chiaroscuri)

chiaroscuros (plural)
chiaroscuri (plural)

/kɪˌɑːɹəˈskʊəɹəʊ/

Mid-17th century, borrowed from Italian chiaroscuro, from chiaro (“clear, bright”) + oscuro (“dark, obscure”).

(photography) A photographic technique in which one side of the subject, for example a face, is well lit and the other is in shadow.


bromide

From brom- + -ide. First used in the sense “dull person” by Gelett Burgess.
Figurative sense ("platitude") by extending the medicating sense through the metaphor of pacifying or placating.

(photography) A print made on bromide paper.


story

desctree

Sranan Tongo: tori
Aukan: toli
→ Dutch: tori

→ Welsh: stori

→ Persian: استوری (estori)

→ Portuguese: estória

From Middle English storie, storye, from Anglo-Norman estorie by aphesis. The Anglo-Norman word itself comes from Latin historia, a borrowing from Ancient Greek ἱστορίᾱ (historíā, “learning through research”). Doublet of history and storey.

der

What will she do without being able to watch her stories?

He stood on the doorstep for a minute, listening for sounds inside the house — a radio, a TV tuned to one of the stories […]

(US, colloquial, usually pluralized) A soap opera.


positive

en-adj

positive (comparative more positive, superlative most positive)

more positive (comparative)
most positive (superlative)

From Old French positif, from Latin positivus, from the past participle stem of ponere (“to place”). Compare posit.

A positive photograph can be developed from a photographic negative.

(photography) Of a visual image, true to the original in light, shade and colour values.

позитивен

photography: of a visual image true to the original


positive

Coordinate term: diapositive

(photography) A positive image; one that displays true colors and shades, not their opposites or complements.


photographer

/fəˈtɑɡɹəfɚ/

/fəˈtɒɡɹəfə/

From photograph + -er, from Ancient Greek φωτός (phōtós), genitive singular of φῶς (phôs, “light”) (fōs) and γράφω (gráphō, “I write”).

Award-winning Sydney photographer Stephen Dupont’s latest exhibition focuses on change and detribalisation in Papua New Guinea .

2015 July 3, “The Outside Land”, in The Guardian:

Multiple photographers worried privately in conversations with Axios that the images from the rally could turn into a kind of "photoganda," with the Trump campaign using them to further their agenda despite the photographers' intent of capturing a news event.

2024 July 15, Aïda Amer, “How photographers view the photos of Trump's assassination attempt”, in Axios:

(photography) One who takes photographs, typically as an occupation.


chimp

en-verb

chimp (third-person singular simple present chimps, present participle chimping, simple past and past participle chimped)

chimps (present singular third-person)
chimping (participle present)
chimped (participle past)
chimped (past)

(derogatory, offensive, slang, of black people) Clipping of chimp out.


diopter

From Latin dioptra, from Ancient Greek διόπτρα (dióptra).

(photography, dated) A lens element attached to the front of a photographic lens to shorten the lens's minimum focus distance; also called a "close-up filter".


rebate

From Old French rabatre < batre. See also abate.

(photography) The edge of a roll of film, from which no image can be developed.


diaphragm

/ˈdaɪəˌfɹæm/

From Ancient Greek διάφραγμα (diáphragma, “partition”), from διά (diá, “across”) and φράγμα (phrágma, “barrier”), from the verb φράσσω (phrássō).

мембра́на

anatomy: separating membrane or sheet of muscle

(optics, photography) A thin opaque structure with a central aperture, used to limit the passage of light into a camera or similar device.

диафра́гма

optics: structure with a central aperture used to limit the passage of light


diaphragm

en-verb

diaphragm (third-person singular simple present diaphragms, present participle diaphragming, simple past and past participle diaphragmed)

diaphragms (present singular third-person)
diaphragming (participle present)
diaphragmed (participle past)
diaphragmed (past)

/ˈdaɪəˌfɹæm/

He employs an equatorial with an object-glass having a focal length of five metres, and which was diaphragmed down to eight centimetres.

1870, D. Appleton & Co., Appletons' Annual Cyclopædia and Register of Important Events of the Year 1869, page 43:

(optics, photography) To reduce lens aperture using an optical diaphragm.


photophobia

Photophobia was the latest affliction of Afghan officialdom—by contagion, probably, from Persia which tries to nip in the bud pictures that show her not yet entirely modern.

1947, Ella K. Maillart, The Cruel Way: Switzerland to Afghanistan in a Ford, 1939, University of Chicago Press, published 2013, →ISBN, page 152:

Craig Armstrong doesn't want to be photographed. His record company wouldn't like it, he says, and besides he has flu so he looks a little puffy. So "orders" and vanity combine to stop the shoot, due to take place in a trendy bar in Glasgow's West End.
The cynic may see alternative reasons for the 39-year-old composer's photophobia, […]

1998 April 2, Barry Didcock, “How to score with Madonna (or U2 or Leonard DiCaprio)”, in The Scotsman:

He concludes that Mapplethorpe blocks racist photophobia by making the nudes whose penises are not visible highly erotic, while using blatantly penis-focused images to force white viewers to recognize that when they see a black man, they see him not just in possession of a large penis, but actually as a penis (Mercer 1991; Fanon 1952/2008).

2013, Douglas Crimp, “'Tell a Story, Save a Life' (Montage 1987-89)”, in Brenda Longfellow, Scott MacKenzie, Thomas Waugh, editors, The Perils of Pedagogy: The Works of John Greyson, McGill-Queen's University Press, →ISBN:

An aversion to or fear of being photographed, the dissemination of personal photographs, or viewing photographs.


soft

en-adj

soft (comparative softer, superlative softest)

softer (comparative)
softest (superlative)

hard

antonym(s) of “giving way under pressure”

firm

antonym(s) of “lacking strength or resolve”

From Middle English softe, from Old English sōfte, alteration of earlier sēfte (“soft”), from Proto-West Germanic *samft(ī) (“level, even, smooth, soft, gentle”) (compare *sōmiz (“agreeable, fitting”)), from Proto-Indo-European *semptio-, *semtio-, from *sem- (“one, whole”). Cognate with West Frisian sêft (“gentle; soft”), Dutch zacht (“soft”), German Low German sacht (“soft”), German sanft (“soft, yielding”), Old Norse sœmr (“agreeable, fitting”), samr (“same”). More at seem, same.

inh

(photography, of light) Made up of nonparallel rays, tending to wrap around a subject and produce diffuse shadows.


iris

irises (plural)
iris (plural)
irides (plural)

From Middle English [Term?], from Latin īris, from Ancient Greek ἶρις (îris, “rainbow”). Presuming an earlier form *ϝῖρις (*wîris), possibly from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *w(e)ih₁-ro- (“a twist, thread, cord, wire”), from *weh₁y- (“to turn, twist, weave, plait”). If so, it would be cognate to English wire.

der

(photography, cinematography) A diaphragm used to regulate the size of a hole, especially as a way of controlling the amount of light reaching a lens.


scrim

en-noun

scrim (countable and uncountable, plural scrims)

Attested since the end of the 18th century. Origin unknown.
In one of the earliest mentions, "The Statistical Account of Scotland", 1793, by John Sinclair, page 593, we read in a paragraph devoted to weavers: "Besides these, they are now much employed in working a thin kind of coarse linen called Silesias, vulgarly Scrims, whereof each piece is 27 or 30 inches broad".

unk

unknown

(photography) A sheet of gauze etc. used to reduce the intensity of light.


scrim

en-verb

scrim (third-person singular simple present scrims, present participle scrimming, simple past and past participle scrimmed)

scrims (present singular third-person)
scrimming (participle present)
scrimmed (participle past)
scrimmed (past)

unk

unknown


vignette

First attested in 1751. From French vignette, diminutive of vigne (“vine”), from Latin vīnea, from vīnum (“wine”). Replaced earlier Middle English vynet.

(photography) The characteristic of a camera lens, either by deficiency in design or by mismatch of the lens with the film format, that produces an image smaller than the film's frame with a crudely focused border. Photographers may deliberately choose this characteristic for a special effect.

winieta

photography: the characteristic of a camera lens

(photography) Any effect in a photographic picture where qualities vanish towards the edges.


negative

From Middle English negative, negatif, from Old French negatif, from Latin negātīvus (“that denies, negative”), from negāre (“to deny”); see negate.

der

Coordinate term: diapositive

(photography) An image in which dark areas represent light ones, and the converse.


candid

en-adj

candid (comparative candider, superlative candidest)

candider (comparative)
candidest (superlative)

“I know you do; and it is that which makes the wonder. With your good sense, to be so honestly blind to the follies and nonsense of others! Affectation of candour is common enough;—one meets with it everywhere. But to be candid without ostentation or design—to take the good of everybody's character and make it still better, and say nothing of the bad—belongs to you alone.[…]”

1813 January 27, [Jane Austen], chapter IV, in Pride and Prejudice: […], volume I, London: […] [George Sidney] for T[homas] Egerton, […], →OCLC, page 29:

My candid opinion was that it was all rubbish!

1871, A Journey to the Center of the Earth, translation of original by Jules Verne:

Sam Altman, the chief executive and co-founder of OpenAI, has been ousted from his own company after its board accused him of “being not consistently candid in his communications”.

2023 November 18, Blake Montgomery, Dani Anguiano, “OpenAI fires co-founder and CEO Sam Altman for allegedly lying to company board”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:


composition

en-noun

composition (countable and uncountable, plural compositions)

→ Korean: 컴포지션 (keompojisyeon)

/ˌkɒmpəˈzɪʃən/

From Middle English composicioun, borrowed from Old French composicion, from Latin compositiō, compositiōnem.

hyvitys

agreement to pay money in order to clear a liability or obligation

(painting, photography) The arrangement and flow of elements in a picture.

構圖 /构图

painting: arrangement and flow of elements in a picture


developed

en-adj

developed (comparative more developed, superlative most developed)

more developed (comparative)
most developed (superlative)

(photography, of film) Processed and fixed; containing a visible negative (or positive for slide film) image


actinic

From Ancient Greek ἀκτίς, ἀκτῖν- (aktís, aktîn-, “ray”) + -ic.

der

ἀκτίς, ἀκτῖν-

It should be borne in mind that the actinic power of the sun is subject to considerable variations, due to its elevation above the horizon.

1883, Abraham Cowley Malley, Micro-photography: Including a Description of the Wet Collodion and Gelatino-Bromide Processes, page 32:

I got my picture, and it turned out quite a good one, despite the rather poor light which at that time of day, 7 p.m., was lacking in actinic value.

1943 May and June, Chas. S. Lake, “Some Continental Travel Experiences (1922-1939)—III”, in Railway Magazine, page 141:

(chemistry, photography) Of or relating to actinism, the range of photochemical effects produced by exposure to EM radiation, particularly sunlight.


hyper

en-verb

hyper (third-person singular simple present hypers, present participle hypering, simple past and past participle hypered)

hypers (present singular third-person)
hypering (participle present)
hypered (participle past)
hypered (past)

Shortenings, ultimately from the prefix hyper-.

In the last fifteen years more and more amateurs, particularly in the USA, have been hypersensitising (‘hypering’) film to improve its performance. ¶ The hypering process removes moisture from the film and lightly pre-fogs the emulsion to form sites around which grains can form.

1995, M[artin] Mobberley, “Auxiliary Equipment” (chapter 6), in Patrick Moore, editor, The Modern Amateur Astronomer, Berlin: Springer-Verlag, →ISBN, page 78:

(transitive, photography) To subject (a film or plate) to photographic hypersensitization, chiefly as a technique in astrophotography.


highlight

The image blurred into the highlight, like something familiar seen beneath disturbed though clear water; he looked at the familiar image with a kind of quiet horror and despair, at a face suddenly older in sin than he would ever be, a face more blurred than sweet, at eyes more secret than soft.

1931, William Faulkner, Sanctuary, Library of America, published 1985, page 114:

(painting, photography) An area or a spot in a drawing, painting, or photograph that is strongly illuminated.

llum

strongly illuminated area in a drawing, painting, or photograph


intensifier

From intensify + -er; from the most common use of such terms, to intensify an adjective.

(photography) A chemical agent used to intensify the lights or shadows of a photograph.

vahvistin

a chemical agent used to intensify the lights or shadows of a photograph


forcing

en-noun

forcing (countable and uncountable, plural forcings)

(photography) An extension in the development time of an underexposed negative in order to bring out detail


orthochromatic

(photography) Sensitive to all colours except red


zoom lens

Now I’m looking at a flashback Sunday.
Zoom lens feelings just won’t disappear.
Close-up darkroom sweet-talk in my ear.

1981 October 26, The J. Geils Band (lyrics and music), “Freeze-Frame”, in Freeze-Frame:

(photography) A lens containing a mechanical assembly of inner lenses, allowing the focal length to be changed rapidly.

zoomlinse

lens whose focal length can be rapidly changed


macro

macro (countable and uncountable, plural macros)

1933, from macro-, from French, from Latin, from Ancient Greek μακρός (makrós, “long”).

Most macros are made by camera manufacturers to fit their cameras

1980, Popular Science, volume 217, number 6, page 94:

The lens was a macro, capable of everything from an “infinity shot” to a close-up in which a single fingerprint filled the entire frame.

(colloquial, photography, countable) Short for macro lens.


wide-angle

en-adj

wide-angle (comparative wider-angle, superlative widest-angle)

wider-angle (comparative)
widest-angle (superlative)

(cinematography, photography) Of or pertaining to a short focal length lens that has an angle of view greater than about 70°; of or pertaining to an image produced with such a lens.


wide-angle lens

en-noun

wide-angle lens (plural wide-angle lenses)

(photography) A short focal length lens having a wide field of view.


resolution

resolution (countable and uncountable, plural resolutions)

/ˌɹɛzəˈluːʃ(ə)n/

Recorded since 1412, as Middle English resolucioun (“dissolution”), either from Anglo-Norman resolucion or directly from Latin resolūtiō (“a loosening, solution”), from resolvō (“I loosen”), itself from the intensive prefix re- + solvō (“I loosen”).

der

Coordinate term: granularity

Printing at higher resolution will cause a reduction in performance.

(computing, photography) The degree of fineness with which an image can be recorded or produced, often expressed as the number of pixels per unit of length (typically an inch).

分辨率

computing, photography: degree of fineness of image


dodge

en-verb

dodge (third-person singular simple present dodges, present participle dodging, simple past and past participle dodged)

dodges (present singular third-person)
dodging (participle present)
dodged (participle past)
dodged (past)

Likely from dialectal dodge, dod, dodd (“to jog, trudge along, totter", also "to jerk, jig”), of uncertain origin. Perhaps from unrecorded Middle English *dodden, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *dud- (“to move”), related to Old English dydrian, dyderian (“to delude, deceive”), Middle English dideren (“to tremble, quake, shiver”), English dodder, Norwegian dudra (“to tremble”).

cog

Coordinate term: burn

(photography, videography) To decrease the exposure for certain areas of an image in order to make them darker.

varjostaa

photography: to decrease the exposure for certain areas of a print


projection

en-noun

projection (countable and uncountable, plural projections)

/pɹəˈd͡ʒɛkʃən/

From either the Middle French projection or its etymon, the Classical Latin prōiectiō (stem: prōiectiōn-), from prōiciō, equivalent to project + -ion. Compare the Modern French projection, the German Projektion, and the Italian proiezione.

(photography) The image that a translucent object casts onto another object.

heijastuma

photography: image cast by a translucent object


viewfinder

A device on a camera that shows what will appear in the field of view of the lens; it helps the user target a subject, zoom and focus the image.


underdeveloped

en-adj

underdeveloped (comparative more underdeveloped, superlative most underdeveloped)

more underdeveloped (comparative)
most underdeveloped (superlative)

(photography) of a film that has had insufficient development before being fixed


latitude

en-noun

latitude (countable and uncountable, plural latitudes)

Borrowed into Middle English from Old French latitude, from Latin lātitūdō (“breadth, width, latitude”), from lātus (“broad, wide”), from older stlātus.

der

en:room for error in photographic exposure

(photography) The extent to which a light-sensitive material can be over- or underexposed and still achieve an acceptable result.


say cheese

en-verb

say cheese (third-person singular simple present says cheese, present participle saying cheese, simple past and past participle said cheese)

says cheese (present singular third-person)
saying cheese (participle present)
said cheese (participle past)
said cheese (past)

Danny watched the birdie and said cheese, and then it was over and the wait began. Danny would wait for weeks in anticipation of the day the final product was passed out by his teacher Miss Turner.

2008, Tim Connelly, The Local News, page 41:

(idiomatic, chiefly imperative) To smile for a photograph by saying the word "cheese" (the vowel of which, when pronounced as is usual in English, forces a somewhat smile-shaped mouth).

茄子

elicit a smile from someone for a photograph


hypo

en-noun

hypo (countable and uncountable, plural hypos)

Clipping of various terms beginning with hypo-, from Ancient Greek ὑπό (hupó, “under”).

(photography, informal) Sodium thiosulfate (also called hyposulfite of soda), a photographic fixing agent.


aerial photography

Photographs taken by this means, collectively.

aerofotografia

photographs taken by this means, collectively


frame rate

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-frame rate.wav

The measurement of how quickly an imaging device can produce unique consecutive images called frames, most often expressed in frames per second (often abbreviated "fps") or, equivalently, hertz (Hz).

幀率 /帧率

measurement of how quickly an imaging device can produce frames


transparency

transparency (countable and uncountable, plural transparencies)

Borrowed from Medieval Latin trānspārentia.

bor+

(countable, photography) A translucent film-like material with an image imprinted on it, viewable by shining light through it.


exposure

en-noun

exposure (countable and uncountable, plural exposures)

(photography) An instance of taking a photograph.

(photography) The piece of film exposed to light.

(photography) Details of the time and f-number used.


flare

→ Italian: flare

Origin unknown, first recorded in the mid 16th century, probably related to Latin flagrō (“I burn”). Norwegian flara (“to blaze; to flaunt in gaudy attire”) has a similar meaning, but the English word predates it. Possibly related to Middle High German vlederen (“to flutter”), represented by modern German flattern.
The noun is derived from the verb.

unknown

Origin unknown

ярка светлина

source of brightly burning light or intense heat

Stulp

widening of an object with otherwise roughly constant width

разкрояване

widening of the lower legs of trousers and jeans

The defect in question is the flare which frequently arises from the use of compound lenses when there is a very bright object in front, resulting in a ghost-like image of that object being thrown upon the plate. If the image of the object thus duplicated be in focus we designate it a "ghost;" if out of focus we call it "flare."

1874 October 23, “On Certain Defects in Combination Landscape Lenses”, in The British Journal of Photography, volume XXI, number 755, London: Henry Greenwood, […], →OCLC, page 515, column 1:


Gram

Very good,” the store owner said, eyeing the slits on the side of the dress that exposed Naeema's cinnamon brown skin. “Makeup?” she asked. “Do it for the Gram!” the woman said holding up a cell phone. Naeema held up one finger, blocking ...

2015, Meesha Mink, All Hail the Queen: An Urban Tale, Simon and Schuster, →ISBN, page 95:


ISO

Officially from Greek ίσος (ísos, “equal”). However, a participant in the initial meetings disputes this etymology, claiming that the link to ίσος was decided on after the name ISO was set.

(photography) A measure of film sensitivity or brightness, derived from the ISO standard.


Meta

The technology conglomerate is named for its connotative evocation of the idea of the metaverse, the research tool after metascience.

Meta Platforms, Inc., formerly Facebook, Inc. (until late 2021): an American multinational technology conglomerate holding company that is the parent organization of Facebook, Instagram, and WhatsApp, among other subsidiaries.

(historical, 2010–2022) Meta, a biomedical research discovery tool.


Meta

Named after Meta Schreifer, the sister of a railroad official, from German Meta.


cassette

(photography) A lightproof container for photographic film.


IQ

en-noun

IQ (countable and uncountable, plural IQs)

(photography) Initialism of image quality.


LF

LF (countable and uncountable, plural LFs)

(optics, imaging, photography) Abbreviation of light field.


shadowgraph

en-verb

shadowgraph (third-person singular simple present shadowgraphs, present participle shadowgraphing, simple past and past participle shadowgraphed)

shadowgraphs (present singular third-person)
shadowgraphing (participle present)
shadowgraphed (participle past)
shadowgraphed (past)

(photography) To take a picture by means of X-ray, radium, or similar source of actinic radiation.


DOF

(photography) Initialism of depth of field.


sensitivity

en-noun

sensitivity (countable and uncountable, plural sensitivities)

чуллі́васць

the ability of an organism or organ to respond to external stimuli

(photography) The degree of response of a film etc. to light of a specified wavelength.

сензибилитет

(photography) degree of response of a film etc. to light of a specified wavelength


TCA

TCA (countable and uncountable, plural TCAs)

chromatic aberration
chromatic aberration#English

(photography) Initialism of transversal chromatic aberration.


tilt

From Middle English tilte, from Old English *tyltan, *tieltan (“to be unsteady”), related to the adjective tealt (“unsteady”), from Proto-West Germanic *talt, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *del-, *dul- (“to shake, hesitate”), see also Dutch touteren (“to tremble”), North Frisian talt, tolt (“unstable, shaky”). Cognate with Icelandic tölt (“an ambling pace”).
The nominal sense of "a joust" appears around 1510, presumably derived from the barrier which separated the combatants, which suggests connection with tilt "covering". The modern transitive meaning is from 1590; the intransitive use appears 1620.

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-tilt.wav

(photography) The controlled vertical movement of a camera, or a device to achieve this.

függőleges svenkelés

photography: the controlled vertical movement of a camera, or a device to achieve this


emulsion

Borrowed from French émulsion, from New Latin ēmulsiō, ēmulsiōnis, based on Latin ēmulgeō (“I milk out, extract”).

(photography) The coating of photosensitive silver halide grains in a thin gelatine layer on a photographic film.

emulzió

coating of photosensitive layer on a photographic film


subminiature

Other Minolta cameras from $27 to $270, including subminiature, "snapshot," 35mm rangefinder and single lens reflex models...

1964 November, “Minolta Hi-matic 7”, in Sunset, page 136:

(photography) of photography equipment and techniques using a smaller frame than 35mm


LV

LV (countable and uncountable, plural LVs)

(photography) Initialism of light value.


colorize

en-verb

colorize (third-person singular simple present colorizes, present participle colorizing, simple past and past participle colorized)

colorizes (present singular third-person)
colorizing (participle present)
colorized (participle past)
colorized (past)

There is a colorized version of Casablanca.

What we see are beautiful overlapping NASA satellite photographs of the American mainland, […]taken in black and white and then luminously colorized by computer for scientific reasons.

1988 August 26, Jonathan Rosenbaum, “Looking for America”, in Chicago Reader:

(photography, cinematography) To convert black and white media to color by digital post production (as is often done in digital photography and in video special effects).

värittää

to convert a black and white media to color


sortie

PIE word
 *upó
The noun is borrowed from French sortie (“act of exiting; exit, way out; (military) sally, sortie”), the feminine past participle of sortir (“to exit, go out”), from Old French sortir, from Latin sortīrī, the present active infinitive of sortior (“to cast or draw lots; to choose, select; to distribute, divide; to obtain, receive; to share”), from sors (“something used to determine chances, a lot; casting or drawing of lots; decision by lot; a share”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ser- (“to bind, tie together; a thread”)), possibly influenced by surrēctus (“arisen, having been caused to arise; gotten up, having been gotten up”), the perfect passive participle of surgō (“to arise, get up, rise”), from subrigō (“to lift up; to straighten”), from sub- (prefix meaning ‘beneath, under’) + regō (“to direct, guide, steer; to govern, rule; to manage, oversee”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ- (“to right oneself, straighten; just; right”)).
The verb is derived from the noun.

scramble

emergency defensive air force mission to intercept attacking enemy aircraft

(photography) A series of aerial photographs taken during the flight of an aircraft; (by extension) a photography session.


camera flash

(photography) A device that produces a short flash of light to help illuminate a scene, mostly for night-time or indoors photography, to make the picture brighter.


stop-motion

en-noun

stop-motion (countable and uncountable, plural stop-motions)

Jan Švankmajer’s stop-motion looks angry, rough, and primal; Henry Selick’s is so polished and smooth that it resembles CGI.

2012 April 26, Tasha Robinson, “Film: Reviews: The Pirates! Band Of Misfits :”, in The Onion AV Club:

(uncountable, photography) An animation technique wherein physical objects are slightly altered and photographed one picture at a time to give an illusion of movement when displayed in sequence.

animación de fotograma/cuadro a/por fotograma/cuadro


backlight

If I do use backlight, it's not to separate the subject from the background; I use it to set a psychological mood, or to create a look.

2006, Michael Grecco, Lighting and the Dramatic Portrait, Amphoto Books, →ISBN, page 73:

(uncountable) Light shining from a source behind the object of interest or attention.

(uncountable) Light that is behind a photographic subject.


pano

It sounds hard on paper, but it's simple to do in person, and because it takes so little time, you'll wind up shooting more panos, which is a good thing.

2012, Scott Kelby, Scott Kelby's Digital Photography Boxed Set:


matte

The image is a perfect square of 8 cm (with white matte border the total dimensions are 14 cm tall by 11 cm wide).

(art, photography) A decorative border around a picture used to inset and center the contents of a frame.


reflex

From Late Latin reflexus, past participle of reflectere (“to bend back”), equivalent to re- + flex. Photography sense is from noun sense meaning “reflection”. Compare English reflect.

A reflex camera uses a mirror to reflect the image onto a ground-glass viewfinder.

Yon gray is not the morning’s eye,
 ’Tis but the pale reflex of Cynthia's brow.

c. 1591–1595 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Romeo and Ivliet”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene v]:

On the depths of death there swims
 The reflex of a human face.

1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, (please specify |part=Prologue or Rpilogue, or |canto=I to CXXIX):

Lucy is sleeping soundly; the reflex of the dawn is high and far over the sea[.]

1897, Bram Stoker, Dracula, published 1993, page 88:

(chiefly photography) Reflection or an image produced by reflection. The light reflected from an illuminated surface to one in shade.


composite

en-adj

composite (comparative more composite, superlative most composite)

more composite (comparative)
most composite (superlative)

Borrowed from Middle French composite, from Latin compositus, past participle of compōnō (“put together”). Doublet of compost and compote.

composite portraiture; a composite photograph

[B]y photographing a number of faces on the same plate, and so superimposing their images on one another, he produces a so-called "composite" photograph or image.

1920, Edward Carpenter, Pagan and Christian Creeds, New York: Harcourt, Brace and Co., page 92:

(photography, historical) Employing multiple exposures on a single plate, so as to create an average view of something, such as faces in physiognomy.


photoshop

en-verb

photoshop (third-person singular simple present photoshops, present participle photoshopping, simple past and past participle photoshopped)

photoshops (present singular third-person)
photoshopping (participle present)
photoshopped (participle past)
photoshopped (past)

From Adobe Photoshop, a widely-used graphics editor. This may in turn have been derived from its usage to refer to the camera room in the offset lithography process, where laid up pages could be extensively retouched before being transferred to the printing plates.

(Internet, media, computing, transitive, sometimes intransitive) To digitally edit or alter a picture or photograph.


ghost image

From ghost (noun sense 3, via noun sense 4).

(photography) Any undesired image appearing at the image plane of an optical system; either a false image of the desired object, or an out-of-focus image of a bright source of light in the field of the optical system.


photog

(informal) A photographer, especially a professional one.


flashcube

(photography) A rotating cube containing a flashbulb in each of four sides


monochrome

/ˈmɒn.əˌkɹəʊm/

From Ancient Greek μονόχρωμος (monókhrōmos), from μόνος (mónos, “one”) + χρῶμα (khrôma, “color”); mono- + -chrome.

(photography) Representing colours with shades of gray.

սև-սպիտակ

of a photograph, representing colours with shades of gray


bellows

From Middle English belwes, plural of belu, belwe, a northern form of beli, from Old English bæliġ, northern form of bielġ, from Proto-Germanic *balgiz. Compare German Balg. See also belly.
For the pronunciation /ˈbɛl.əs/, compare bodice, gallows.

(photography) Flexible, light-tight enclosures connecting the lensboard and the camera back.

kihuzat

flexible, light-tight enclosure connecting the lensboard and the camera back


blix

(photography) In color photography, a combination of bleach and fixer, which removes both the silver crystals and silver halides, leaving behind the color dyes, which form the negative image.


time exposure

(photography) An exposure made by leaving a camera's shutter open for a period greater than a fraction of a second.


time-lapse

Operation London Bridge, also from 1975, tells the story of the busy station's redevelopment. Cutting neatly from the barrow boys of Borough Market to an aerial view of Borough Market Junction, the film uses time lapse photography to show the congestion rife in the area during the morning rush hour.

2021 March 10, Greg Morse, “Telling the railway's story on film”, in RAIL, number 926, page 48:

(photography) Of or relating to a technique in which exposures are taken at fewer intervals than usual so that, on playback, a naturally slow process may be viewed at an accelerated pace.


punctum

Coined in 1980 by French literary theorist Roland Barthes in his book Camera Lucida.

[…]the punctum is something that is seen by the viewer, without it being shown to them by the photographer. As such, it functions, according to Fried, as an “ontological guarantee” (553) of a given photograph’s nontheatricality.

Barthes describes the punctum (the nonconnotative or denotative meaning) of the photograph (or movie still) in such a manner; the detail relevant or not relevant to the image's overall meaning becomes the focus of an otherwise forgettable picture […]

2012, Jeff Rice, Digital Detroit: Rhetoric and Space in the Age of the Network, page 160:

(photography) A detail in a photograph that captures the viewer's attention and evokes an emotional response or personal connection beyond the intended subject.


shutter

→ Dutch: shutter

→ Japanese: シャッター (shattā)

(photography) The part of a camera, normally closed, that opens for a controlled period of time to let light in when taking a picture.


matting

en-noun

matting (countable and uncountable, plural mattings)

(art, photography) A dull surface, often used for surrounding pictures.


low-key

en-adj

low-key (comparative more low-key, superlative most low-key)

more low-key (comparative)
most low-key (superlative)

Coordinate term: mid-key

The classic example of low key photography is a black cat in a coal cellar. […] The most popular use of low-key photography is in making portraits of celebrities or theatrical personalities. These people demand either dignity or drama, and this type of lightning is appropriate for both.

1942 November, Victor Keppler, “Key to Good Pictures”, in Popular Photography, →ISSN, page 98:

(art, photography) Dark; characterized by dark tones and muted colors.

gedämpft

characterised by dark tones and muted colours


darkroom

(photography) A dark room, where photographs are developed.

暗房

dark room where photographs are developed


fixer

The fixer removes the undeveloped silver salts from the film, rendering it no longer sensitive to light. Pour the fixer — at a temperature within plus or minus 5° F of the developer's — into the tank, using the amount specified by the tank directions. Agitate with ten inversions initially and then for 10 seconds out of every minute for the remainder of the fixing time. The fixing time is not as critical as the developing lime, but stay within the time range suggested in the fixer directions.

2003, Bruce Warren, Photography: The Concise Guide, Cengage Learning, →ISBN, page 69:

(photography) A chemical (sodium thiosulfate) used in photographic development that fixes the image in place, preventing further chemical reactions.

фиксаж

chemical used in photographic development


barn doors

Clip the C-47 to the barn doors.

Some broads have barn doors (see page 115) to block gross light spill into other set areas; others have even an adjustable beam, […]

1976, Herbert Zettl, Television Production Handbook, volume 10, page 105:

(film) Four hinged metal slats that come (or are attachable) on the front of cinema lights, used for shaping light and fastening light gels.


light gel

A thin sheet of colored plastic used to affect color temperature of lights when shooting film or video. They are held in front of a light by clipping it to the barn doors using C-47s.


plumming

(photography) A plum-colored distortion of prints.


lens flare

en-noun

lens flare (countable and uncountable, plural lens flares)

Lens flare is usually unwanted, but can be exploited for artistic effect.

A stray patch of brightness in a photographic image resulting from aberrant refractions or reflections within the lens due to an exceptionally bright light source, sometimes one just outside the image proper.


HDR

HDR (countable and uncountable, plural HDRs)

(photography) Initialism of high dynamic range.


paparazzo

paparazzo (plural paparazzi or paparazzos)

/ˌpæ.pəˈɹæ.tsəʊ/

Borrowed from Italian paparazzo, from the name of Coriolano Paparazzo, a character in Federico Fellini's La dolce vita.

You may decide to shove the lens down the throat of your aggressor, in the style of an aggrieved celebrity seeking primal redress against a mischievous paparazzo; but then again, most ecstatic rituals are pacific in intent and you may find such violence inappropriate.

2005 April 30, Peter Aspden, “Bright Lights, Big Pity”, The Revolver, in FT magazine, number № 103 (election special), page 46:

A freelance photographer who sells photographs of celebrities to the media, especially one who pursues celebrities and attempts to obtain candid photographs.

Federico Fellini
La dolce vita
paparazzi


ambrotype

From Ancient Greek ἀμβροτός (ambrotós, “immortal”) and τύπος (túpos, “impression”).

der

(photography, historical) An early type of photograph in which a glass negative appears positive when displayed on a black background.


frill

(photography) A wrinkled edge to a film.


carbon print

It was a small, stuffy, defunct room, of mahogany, and deathly enlargements of photographs of departed people done in carbon.

1913, D[avid] H[erbert] Lawrence, “chapter 10”, in Sons and Lovers, London: Duckworth & Co. […], →OCLC:

potassium bichromate
potassium bichromate

(photography) an early photographic print made by soaking a carbon tissue in potassium bichromate


algraphy

From aluminium + -graphy by analogy with lithography or zincography.

"Process" is well to the fore, a design in colours from line blocks adorns the front cover, there are no less than seven examples of trichromotypography, various samples of half-tone with additional workings, three fine specimens of photogravure, a multi-colour subject, a collotype, a chromolithograph, examples respectively of algraphy, "granotype," Sprague's ink photo process, some twelve specimens of Johnstonia steel engraving and Johnston die press work, a very practical series of Linotype work—newspaper setting, book, magazine and jobbing work—an exeedingly interesting set, one or two type displays of little note, and some O.S. type specimens.

1901, The British Printer, volume 14, page 193:

(photography) An early photographic technique, similar to zincography or lithography, using paper impregnated with an aluminium salt.


ferrotype

en-noun

ferrotype (countable and uncountable, plural ferrotypes)

Coordinate term: tintype

(countable) A photograph produced by this means.


calibrated focal length

calibrated focal length (plural calibrated focal lengths)

An adjusted value of the equivalent focal length, so computed as to equalize the positive and negative values of distortion over the entire field used in a camera.


hot shoe

(photography) A fixture on a camera to which a separate flash unit may be attached, equipped with an electrical connection which transmits the firing signal from the camera to the flash.


daguerreotype

/dəˈɡɛɹ.(ɪ.)əʊˌtaɪp/

From French daguerréotype. Named after French artist Louis Daguerre (1787–1851) who announced the process in 1839. Daguerre developed the process after some years of collaborations with French chemist Nicéphore Niépce.

named-after

An early type of photograph created by exposing a silver surface which has previously been exposed to either iodine vapor or iodine and bromine vapors; such a photograph.

translation, "This objection also seems inappropriate since I never tried to establish a genealogical table of exceptional individuals, nor was I concerned in forming an intellectual daguerreotype of the scholar or naturalist of the seventeenth and eighteenth century.", quoting Michel Foucault, edited by Donald F. Bouchard, Language, counter-memory, practice: Selected essays and interviews, Ithaka, NY, →ISBN, What is an Author? (1969), page 115:

(obsolete, figurative) A faithful or exact representation or description.


daguerreotype

en-verb

daguerreotype (third-person singular simple present daguerreotypes, present participle daguerreotyping, simple past and past participle daguerreotyped)

daguerreotypes (present singular third-person)
daguerreotyping (participle present)
daguerreotyped (participle past)
daguerreotyped (past)

/dəˈɡɛɹ.(ɪ.)əʊˌtaɪp/

(transitive, intransitive) To make a photograph using this process, to make a daguerreotype (of).


tintype

She was so mad she wouldn't speak to me for quite a spell, but at last I coaxed her into going up to Miss Emmeline's room and fetching down a tintype of the missing Deacon man.

1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter VI, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y., London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:

There were photographs everywhere: photographs framed and unframed; photographs large and photographs small, the fresh and the faded; tintypes, kodaks, “full lengths,” “cabinets,” groups—every type of photograph; […]

1913, Booth Tarkington, The Flirt, Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Page & Company, →OCLC, page 70:

They'll show you tintypes of the kids more often than not, hell, they love em chavalitos.

2006, Thomas Pynchon, “Against the Day”, in Against the Day, New York, N.Y.: Penguin Press, →ISBN, page 885:

An early, remarkably durable form of photograph (technically a photographic negative), printed on a tin plate, then varnished.


middle ground

en-noun

middle ground (countable and uncountable, plural middle grounds)


grayscale

grayscale (countable and uncountable, plural grayscales)

(photography) A printed strip of graduated tones used to check exposure and development times.


schlieren photography

Any of several techniques used to record regions of different refractive index in a fluid; especially used to visualize the flow of air around objects


lightbox

From light + box. In the Internet sense, originally the name of one specific technique.

A box containing a source of light and a white, translucent cover, used to view photographic transparencies.

seasonal affective disorder
seasonal affective disorder

A box containing fluorescent tubes or LED technology, used to treat people with seasonal affective disorder (SAD) and circadian rhythm disorders.

(Internet) A kind of pop-up that is overlaid across a web page while the rest of the content is dimmed.

A device used in phreaking that indicates when a telephone line is in use by means of a light.


photo finishing

(photography) All commercial aspects of the processing of photographs apart from simple developing and printing.


photochemical

Any chemical compound (such as silver halides) used in photography.


enlarger

(photography) An optical device used to make enlarged prints from a photographic negative


photofinishing

Berkey, a competitor in photofinishing, alleged violations of §2 arising from Kodak's failure to predisclose the nature of the new film, which would have given it time to adapt to the new requirements.

2021, Phillip E. Areeda, Louis Kaplow, Aaron S. Edlin, Antitrust Analysis: Problems, Text, and Cases, page 412:

(photography) The commercial developing and printing of photographs


photoflash

(photography) A lamp that emits a brief flash of bright light; used to take photographs in a dark environment


photoflood

(photography) A lamp that produces a broad beam of continuous bright light; used to illuminate a photographic subject


photofluorogram

(photography) A photograph made by photofluorography


photofluorography

(medicine, photography) The photographic recording of fluoroscope images


photojournalism

A form of journalism in which a story is told primarily through photographs and other images.


photomacrography

(photography) The photography of small objects, at close range, using a macro lens.

photomacrographie

photography of small objects at close range


macro lens

(photography) A lens that allows a camera to focus at very close range to photograph small objects.


photomicrograph

Coordinate term: electron micrograph

(photography) A photograph taken using a microscope.


photomicrography

(photography) Photography using a microscope.


photomontage

photomontage (countable and uncountable, plural photomontages)

(photography) A composite image combining two or more photographs.

(photography) The art of constructing such images.


photomosaic

(photography) A composite image made of individual photographs, normally of the same shape and size, placed together in order to show a panoramic view etc.

fótamósáic

composite image made of individual photographs placed together


photoreconnaissance

(photography) The making of aerial photographs as a means of military reconnaissance, especially of potential targets.


exposure meter

(photography) An instrument that measures the intensity of the light reflected from or falling on a subject, and calculates the optimum exposure depending on the film speed.


film speed

(photography) A measure of a film's sensitivity to light; faster films needing shorter exposures


sensitometer

(photography) An instrument used to measure the sensitivity of photographic film to light.


metol

From a trade name, presumably a shortened form of the chemical name.

(chemistry, photography) The sulphate of 4-methylaminophenol, used as a photographic developer


webcam

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-webcam.wav

And while the Webcams focused on street scenes and other public gathering spots do seem to occupy an uncertain status as a new medium, they perhaps raise an ethical question: Is this the cinéma vérité of cyberspace or is it private surveillance?

1996 April 29, Steve Lohr, “Dining Out in Manhattan: How to See and Be Seen”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, page D24:

As Covid-19 lockdowns took effect around the world, millions turned to remote working and organising virtual hangouts with friends. Overnight, webcams went from mundane computer accessories to gold dust.

2020 July 25, Chris Baraniuk, “No end to Covid-19 webcam shortage”, in BBC News:

(computing, photography) A video camera whose output may be viewed in real time over a computer network, originally the World Wide Web.


f-number

(photography) The ratio of the focal length of a lens to its diameter; a measure of the light-gathering ability of the lens.


sunlamp

(film, photography) A high-intensity lamp, used to produce an illusion of daylight.


pellicle

From Latin pellicula, from pellis (“skin”). Doublet of pellicule.

(photography) The photosensitive emulsion of photographic film.


panchromatic

(photography, of black and white film) sensitive to all visible colours


tabletop

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-tabletop.wav

Photographic greeting cards are usually tabletops.

1946, U.S. Camera, volume 9, numbers 6-11, page 72:

(photography, advertising) A photograph of an object or product placed on a table.


shutterbug

From shutter + bug, from their tendency to work the camera's shutter frequently.

Aerial photography was coming into its own, and flying shutterbugs pushed the envelope, striving to outsnap each other.

1992, Popular Mechanics, volume 169, number 11, page 18:

She was contrite, but presented herself as just another frustrated shutterbug with access to Photoshop.

2024 March 11, Mark Landler, “Even Photoshop Can’t Erase Royals’ Latest P.R. Blemish”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

(informal) A person who makes a hobby of photography.


stop up

en-verb

stop up (third-person singular simple present stops up, present participle stopping up, simple past and past participle stopped up)

stops up (present singular third-person)
stopping up (participle present)
stopped up (participle past)
stopped up (past)

stop down

antonym(s) of “increase the aperture of a photographic lens”

To stop down means to narrow the aperture; to stop up or open up means to expand it.

2002, Kathleen Tracy, The Complete Idiot's Guide to Portrait Photography, →ISBN, page 18:

(photography) To increase the aperture of a photographic lens, moving from an f/stop represented by a higher number to an f/stop represented by a lower number and causing more light to pass into the camera.


potassium dichromate

en-noun

potassium dichromate (plural potassium dichromates)

(inorganic chemistry) A potassium salt of chromic acid, K₂Cr₂O₇; the orange crystals are soluble in water, and it is used as an oxidizing agent and in photography.


pan

en-verb

pan (third-person singular simple present pans, present participle panning, simple past and past participle panned)

pans (present singular third-person)
panning (participle present)
panned (participle past)
panned (past)

(intransitive, photography) To move the camera lens angle while continuing to expose the film, enabling a contiguous view and enrichment of context. In still-photography large-group portraits the film usually remains on a horizontal fixed plane as the lens and/or the film holder moves to expose the film laterally. The resulting image may extend a short distance laterally or as great as 360 degrees from the point where the film first began to be exposed.


snoot

From Scots snoot, snout (“snout”), from Middle English snowte, from Middle Dutch snute; ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *snūt, from Proto-Germanic *snūtaz. Doublet of snout.

Snoots have traditionally been round in shape when attached to studio strobes, but with flash photography, they have taken on a more rectangular shape because the flash heads are rectangular.

2014 December 26, Alyn Stafford, Flash Techniques for Location Portraiture: Single and Multiple-Flash Lighting Techniques, Amherst Media, →ISBN, page 36:

(theater, photography) A cylindrical or conical attachment used on a spotlight to restrict spill light.

veitsi

theater: cylindrical or conical attachment on a spotlight


snoot

snoot (third-person singular simple present snoots, present participle snooting, simple past and past participle snooted)

snoots (present singular third-person)
snooting (participle present)
snooted (participle past)
snooted (past)

Which might mean shaping it, gelling it, snooting it, barn dooring it, and putting it on a stand or a clamp. Maybe taking the dome diffuser off. Perhaps zooming it. Oh my. And you thought you were just taking a picture.

(transitive, theater, photography) To apply a snoot attachment to (a light).


reducer

(photography) A liquid used in the process of developing a negative to reduce its darkness.


close-up

(photography) A photographic (or other) image in which the subject is shown at a relatively large scale, and occupies most or all of the frame.


camera obscura

en-noun

camera obscura (plural camerae obscurae or camera obscuras)

camerae obscurae (plural)
camera obscuras (plural)

/ˌkæm.ə.ɹə əbˈskjʊə.ɹə/

/ˌkæm.ɹə əbˈskjʊə.ɹə/

From New Latin camera obscūra (literally “dark chamber”); compare camera.

bor

A darkened chamber in which the image of an outside object is projected and focused onto a surface.


Kirlian

"It is not the purpose of this chapter to debate the meaning of the Kirlian effect but to provide step-by-step instructions on how to build your own Kirlian apparatus so that you can experiment with it in your own garage."

1990, Gordon McComb, Gordon McComb's Gadgeteers Goldmine: 55 Space-age Projects, →ISBN, page 77:

"The roots of Kirlian photography are in observations of patterns produced in resin dust by high-voltage discharges."

2000, Newton C. Braga, Electronic Projects from the Next Dimension: Paranormal Experiments for Hobbyists, →ISBN, page 128:

"Kirlian photography is a technique that allows the etheric energy patterns around living things to be photographed."

2002, William Lee Rand, Reiki, the Healing Touch, →ISBN, page 28:

Of or pertaining to the Russian inventor Semyon Davidovich Kirlian, and to his process of recording corona discharges from the surface of objects onto photographic plates.


Kirlian

kirliano

pertaining to Semyon Davidovich Kirlian’s process of recording corona discharges


flashbulb

When Christine Jorgensen's plane touched down carrying her home from Denmark […] 300 reporters surged forwards, shouting questions as flash bulbs popped.

2005 March 2, Leslie Feinberg, “Even McCarthy was gay baited”, in Workers World:

(historical, photography) A glass bulb that made a single bright flash for illumination during a photograph.


flashgun

(photography) An electrically powered device used to trigger a flashbulb.

(photography) Any similar unit used to generate repeatable flashes of light for photography.

閃光燈 /闪光灯

a unit used to generate repeatable flashes of light for photography


low key

(photography) A dark area of a photograph with little contrast.


stacking

en-noun

stacking (countable and uncountable, plural stackings)

(photography) An image processing technique to reduce noise or add special effects.


Saxe

Seemingly a combination of influences: Middle English Saxe (“the Saxons”) (from Old English Seaxe), Middle French Saxe (“Saxony”), and German Sachsen (“Saxony”) and Sachse (“a Saxon”) itself, rewritten with x (compare regional German Saxen). The form Saxẽ (i.e., Saxen) is found in some Early Modern sources.
The surname is also partly from German Sachs, itself a variant of Sachse; a variant of Dutch Sas (literally “Saxon”), a cognate; and Middle English Saxe, a personal name from Old Norse Saxi, from sax (“one-edged sword”). All of these ultimately lead back to Proto-Germanic *sahsą (“dagger, knife”). Doublet of Sachs, Sax, Sas, and Sachse.

(photography, historical) A German albumenized paper used in photography.


pola

a pola filter


overexposure

overexposure (countable and uncountable, plural overexposures)

(photography) Exposure of film to light during the development process for a longer time than is required to accurately produce the image.

overbelichting

exposure of film to light for a longer time than is required


overexpose

en-verb

overexpose (third-person singular simple present overexposes, present participle overexposing, simple past and past participle overexposed)

overexposes (present singular third-person)
overexposing (participle present)
overexposed (participle past)
overexposed (past)

(photography) To expose (film) to light during the development process for a longer time than is required to accurately produce the image.


overdevelop

overdevelop (third-person singular simple present overdevelops, present participle overdeveloping, simple past and past participle overdeveloped)

overdevelops (present singular third-person)
overdeveloping (participle present)
overdeveloped (participle past)
overdeveloped (past)

(photography) To develop a photographic film for too long

túlhív

to develop a photographic film for too long


telephotography

(photography) Photography of distant subjects using a telephoto lens.


redevelop

redevelop (third-person singular simple present redevelops, present participle redeveloping, simple past and past participle redeveloped)

redevelops (present singular third-person)
redeveloping (participle present)
redeveloped (participle past)
redeveloped (past)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-redevelop.wav

(transitive) To develop again or differently.

(transitive, photography) To intensify by a second process.

To develop again or differently.
To intensify by a second process.


take a picture

take a picture (third-person singular simple present takes a picture, present participle taking a picture, simple past took a picture, past participle taken a picture)

takes a picture (present singular third-person)
taking a picture (participle present)
took a picture (past)
taken a picture (participle past)

take a picture, it'll last longer
take a picture, it'll last longer

(informal) Used as a rebuke to someone perceived to be staring at one. Also take a picture, it'll last longer.


red-eye

en-noun

red-eye (countable and uncountable, plural red-eyes)

The noun is derived from red + eye; sense 2.3 (“strong but poor-quality whiskey”) and sense 3 (“overnight airplane flight”) are probably so named because they may cause people to develop bloodshot eyes.
The verb is derived from the noun.

Use red-eye reduction when photographing people. It won't eliminate red-eye in every photo, but it's worth trying. When the D60 attempts to reduce red-eye it lights up the autofocus assist lamp on the front of the camera for about one second before taking the picture.

2009, Corey Hilz, “Making Pictures”, in Nikon D60 (Focal Digital Camera Guides), Burlington, Mass., Oxford, Oxfordshire: Focal Press, →ISBN, part 1 (The Camera), page 65:

If you spot a red-eye problem, however, give the Red-Eye Correction filter a try: [...] If the camera detects red-eye, it applies the removal filter and displays the results in the monitor. If the camera can't find any red-eye, it displays a message telling you so.

2009, Julie Adair King, with Doug Sahlin, “Ten (or so) Fun and Practical Retouch Menu Features”, in Nikon D5000 for Dummies (For Dummies), Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley Publishing, →ISBN, part IV (The Parts of Tens), page 282:

Red eyes in flash photos are not as much of a problem as it used to be thanks to cameras and software that better capture images in low light, but some apps like Adobe Photoshop Express still include a dedicated tool for neutralizing the demonic retinal reflection.

2023 May 3, J. D. Biersdorfer, “How to Automatically Edit and Enhance Your Smartphone Photos”, in The New York Times:

(countable, uncountable, photography) Redness in the eye(s) of someone in a colour photograph, as an unwanted consequence of light from a flash reflecting off blood vessels in the retina.

punasilmäisyys

redness in the eye(s) of someone in a colour photograph