asteatosis

en-noun

asteatosis (usually uncountable, plural asteatoses)

(pathology) Persistent dry scaling of the skin due to an absence or shortage of sebum


asthenocoria

(pathology) torpidity of the pupillary light reflex


atelia

(pathology) incomplete development (of a body part)


autoclasis

(pathology) destruction of tissue due to internal (or immunological) processes


auxopathy

(pathology) Any disease that affects growth


heterophasia

(pathology) A form of aphasia characterized by habitual substitution of meaningless or inappropriate words for those intended.


otosclerosis

otosclerosis (countable and uncountable, plural otoscleroses)

(pathology) Sclerosis of the tissues of the labyrinth and middle ear.

otoskleroosi

sclerosis of the labyrinth and middle ear

(pathology) Loss of hearing due to injury of the auditory nerve by certain drugs and poisons, such as quinine and tobacco.

(pathology) Loss of the ability to understand the spoken word, although the sound is heard.


meralgia paraesthetica

The term "meralgia paraesthetica" combines four Greek roots to mean "thigh pain with anomalous perception".

lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh
lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh

(pathology) numbness or pain in the lateral thigh caused by lesion to the lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh


uraturia

(pathology) The presence of uric acid in the urine


pyrogenetic

en-adj

pyrogenetic (comparative more pyrogenetic, superlative most pyrogenetic)

more pyrogenetic (comparative)
most pyrogenetic (superlative)

(pathology, chemistry, geology) Synonym of pyrogenic

(pathology, chemistry, geology) Synonym of pyrogenous


nanomelia

From nano- + Ancient Greek μέλος (mélos, “limb”) + -ia.

(pathology) An extreme form of micromelia.


nanomyelia

(pathology) An extreme form of micromyelia.


micromyelia

(pathology) An abnormal shortening of the spinal cord.


oligocythemia

(pathology) A deficiency in the number of erythrocytes in the blood.


spondylalgia

From spondyl- + -algia, "vertebral pain".


spondylarthrosis

en-noun

spondylarthrosis (countable and uncountable, plural spondylarthroses)

(pathology) Synonym of spondyloarthropathy


leproma

From New Latin leproma, equivalent to lepra (“leprosy”) + -oma (“mass or tumor related to”).

suffix

(pathology) An area of inflammation in the skin symptomatic of leprosy


nephelopia

(pathology) cloudy vision due to damage to the cornea


nephroplegia

(pathology) functional paralysis of the kidney


intercadence

(pathology) The occurrence of an extra beat between the two regular pulse beats; extreme dicrotism, interpolated extra-systole


gliomatosis

(pathology) Excessive development of the neuroglia, especially of the spinal cord, in certain cases of syringomyelia


oculorhinitis

(pathology) inflammation of the mucous membranes of the eyelid and of the nose


odontopathy

(pathology) Any disease that affects the teeth


ophthalmospasm

(pathology) A sudden involuntary contraction of the eyeball


osteochondritis

en-noun

osteochondritis (countable and uncountable, plural osteochondritides or osteochondritises)

osteochondritides (plural)
osteochondritises (plural)

(pathology) inflammation of a bone and its cartilage


onychosis

onychosis (countable and uncountable, plural onychoses)

Nevertheless pathological changes of the nail-bed play a certain role in the onychoses.

1920, Jean Darier, A Text-book of Dermatology, page 431:

(pathology) Any disease or disorder of the fingernails or toenails.


gryphosis

(pathology) An abnormal thickness and curvature


oxalemia

(pathology) The presence of oxalate in the blood


ostealgia

(pathology) Pain coming from one's bone(s).


Irukandji syndrome

Named in 1952 by Hugo Flecker, after the Aboriginal Irukandji people who live in Palm Cove, north of Cairns, Queensland, Australia, where stings are common.

Carukia barnesi
Carukia barnesi#Translingual

A condition induced by venomization by the sting of Carukia barnesi and certain other box jellyfish. It can lead to cardiac arrest.


GAPO syndrome

From the initial letters of its symptoms.

A rare genetic disorder characterized by growth retardation, alopecia, pseudoanodontia, and progressive optic atrophy.


chorioadenoma

chorioadenoma (plural chorioadenomas or chorioadenomata)

chorioadenomas (plural)
chorioadenomata (plural)


poliodystrophy

poliodystrophy (countable and uncountable, plural poliodystrophies)

(pathology) atrophy of the gray matter of the cerebrum


vitreopathy

(pathology) Any disease of the vitreous humour.


aparasitemic

(parasitology) Having no parasites in the blood


downstaging

downstaging (usually uncountable, plural downstagings)

The goal of downstaging is to decrease the size and number of tumors in patients who do not meet the criteria for transplantation on initial evaluation.

2014, Nicholas J. Zyromski, Handbook of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, →ISBN:

(oncology) A reduction in the stage of a cancer, from a more to a less threatening stage.


hypocitraturia

(pathology) A lower than normal level of citrate in the urine


citraturia

(pathology) The presence of citrate (or citric acid) in the urine


hypercitraturia

(pathology) A higher than normal level of citrate in the urine


hemoconcentration

hemoconcentration (countable and uncountable, plural hemoconcentrations)

We thus cannot exclude that the increase of follistatin immediately after the race at least in part was due to hemoconcentration.

2015 July 6, “Changes in Serum Levels of Myokines and Wnt-Antagonists after an Ultramarathon Race”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) An increase in the amount of large molecules and other solid elements in the blood, as a result of a change in water balance


angioimmunoblastic

Progression-free survival: b peripheral T-cell lymphoma, d angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma, and f others In B-cell lymphoma, the A-LMR has been reported to be a prognostic factor for survival in patients treated with APHSCT.

2015 July 3, Luis F. Porrata et al., “Infused autograft lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio and survival in T-cell lymphoma post-autologous peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation”, in Journal of Hematology & Oncology, volume 8, →DOI:

(pathology) Relating to, or characterised by immunoblasts of lymph glands


hypochloridaemia

This results in hyponatraemia and hypochloridaemia; however, these changes were not seen in calves after experimental bladder rupture [ 31 ].

2015 July 3, Ueli Braun, Karl Nuss, “Uroperitoneum in cattle: Ultrasonographic findings, diagnosis and treatment”, in Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica, volume 57, →DOI:

(pathology) Lower than normal amount of chloride in the blood


chloridaemia

(pathology) The presence of chloride in the blood


panplegia

Necrotic tissue and/or epidural abscess compressing the spinal cord, if not treated, can be complicated by paraplegia or even panplegia.

2015 July 2, Hao Zeng et al., “Comparison of three surgical approaches for cervicothoracic spinal tuberculosis: a retrospective case–control study”, in Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research, volume 10, →DOI:

(pathology) paralysis of all four extremities


polymenorrhagia

After 3 years of embolisation, the patient started having chronic pelvic pain, dysmenorrhoea and polymenorrhagia along with inability to conceive.

2013 July 4, Nilanchali Singh et al., “Xanthomatous oophoritis following uterine artery embolisation: successful conservative surgical management with favourable outcome”, in BMJ Case Reports, volume 2013, →DOI:

(pathology) A shortening of the menstrual cycle (more frequent periods)


rhombencephalitis

All experiments were carried out at least in triplicate and included L. innocua (negative control) and an internal control strain (L104, from bovine rhombencephalitis, MLVA complex A) for normalization.

2015 July 3, Claudia Guldimann et al., “Increased spread and replication efficiency of Listeria monocytogenes in organotypic brain-slices is related to multilocus variable number of tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) complex”, in BMC Microbiology, volume 15, →DOI:

(pathology) inflammation of the hindbrain, especially of the brainstem


athyreosis

/eɪˌθaɪɹiˈəʊsɪs/

Next, we searched for patients with congenital hypothyroidism due to athyreosis or severe thyroid hypoplasia (designated as ‘A/Hypoplasia’).

2015 July 8, Yuji Oto et al., “The ratio of serum free triiodothyronine to free thyroxine in children: a retrospective database survey of healthy short individuals and patients with severe thyroid hypoplasia or central hypothyroidism”, in Thyroid Research, volume 8, →DOI:

(medicine, pathology) Absence or complete dysfunction of the thyroid gland.


TBI

traumatic brain injury
traumatic brain injury#English

(pathology) Initialism of traumatic brain injury.


broncholith

(pathology) calcified or ossified material within the lumen of the bronchus


fibroinflammatory

The tricuspid valve was also involved with fibroinflammatory debris consistent with endocarditis.

2015 June 3, Shahzad Khan et al., “A Complicated Case of Triple Valve Infective Endocarditis in an IV Drug User with a Bicuspid Aortic Valve Requiring Three Separate Salvage Operations: A Case Report and Literature Review”, in Case Reports in Cardiology, volume 2015, →DOI:

(pathology) inflammatory and fibrosclerosing


fibrosclerosing

(pathology) Giving rise to fibrosclerosis


fibrosclerosis

(pathology) The formation of fibrous lesions


hydroureteronephrosis

hydroureteronephrosis (countable and uncountable, plural hydroureteronephroses)

Ultrasonography showed bilateral hydroureteronephrosis with distended, thick walled bladder.

2015 June 3, Shashi Verma et al., “Megalourethra with Y-Type Duplication of Urethra Presented as Perianal Fistula: A Rare Case Report”, in Case Reports in Urology, volume 2015, →DOI:

(pathology) distension of the kidneys and ureter


hyperlymphocytosis

Peripheral blood monuclear cells (PBMC) PH961 were from a patient under the epidemiological control of the Pasteur Institute, Paris, France, with a typical acute ATL form characterized by a high level of circulating leukemic cells, very high hyperlymphocytosis with lymphocyte count of 400 000 lymphocytes/mm 3 .

2015 July 4, Goutham U Raval et al., “Localization, quantification and interaction with host factors of endogenous HTLV-1 HBZ protein in infected cells and ATL”, in Retrovirology, volume 12, →DOI:

(pathology) An excessive quantity of lymphocytes in the blood.


megalourethra

To the best of our knowledge, this may be the first case report of megalourethra with IIA2 “Y-type” urethral duplication in which laser OIU, reduction urethroplasty, and excision of accessory urethra were done in a single stage.

(pathology) A form of uropathy characterized by severe dilatation of the penile urethra


meningiomatosis

A possible application may be found in diffuse meningiomatosis but further confirmations are needed.

2015 June 3, Giulia Cossu et al., “The Role of Mifepristone in Meningiomas Management: A Systematic Review of the Literature”, in BioMed Research International, volume 2015, →DOI:

(pathology) A condition characterized by the presence of multiple meningiomas


microgliopathy

microgliopathy (countable and uncountable, plural microgliopathies)

Mutations in the colony stimulating factor 1 receptor have recently been identified to be the cause of this microgliopathy.

2015 July 4, Marie Meyer-Ohlendorf et al., “Comprehensive diagnostics in a case of hereditary diffuse leukodystrophy with spheroids”, in BMC Neurology, volume 15, →DOI:

(pathology) Any pathological condition of the microglia


opsoclonus

From Ancient Greek ὄψ (óps, “eye”) + clonus.

The syndrome manifests itself as opsoclonus, myoclonic jerks, ataxia, and/or encephalopathy.

2015 May 12, Ory Wiesel et al., “Ataxia induced by a thymic neuroblastoma in the elderly patient”, in World Journal of Surgical Oncology, volume 13, →DOI:

(pathology) Rapid, uncontrolled eye movement


pseudobulbar

Examination at age 52 demonstrated a pseudobulbar affect.

2015 July 4, John L. Robinson et al., “Common neuropathological features underlie distinct clinical presentations in three siblings with hereditary diffuse leukoencephalopathy with spheroids caused by CSF1R p.Arg782His”, in Acta Neuropathologica Communications, volume 3, →DOI:

(pathology) That is similar to effects related to the brainstem.


ramularia

" For instance, breeding barley that resists ramularia, a disease that emerged in 1998, "will take at least 10 years.

2009 January 23, Sara Coelho, “AGRICULTURE: European Pesticide Rules Promote Resistance, Researchers Warn”, in Science, volume 323, number 5913, →DOI:

(phytopathology) A disease of barley, more fully ramularia leaf spot, caused by fungi of the genus Ramularia


cyclitis

IOP may reach 40 mmHg or more, and spontaneous remission usually occurs; (3) mild cyclitis: a few white KPs accumulating in the lower half of the cornea, and minimal flare and/or a few inflammatory cells in the anterior chamber; (4) open iridocorneal angle without peripheral anterior synechia; (5) a slight decrease in vision, no visual field defect and normal optic disc at the early stage.

2015 July 11, “Human Leukocyte Antigens-B and -C Loci Associated with Posner-Schlossman Syndrome in a Southern Chinese Population”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) inflammation of the ciliary body


exsiccosis

Additionally, two distinct absorption bands at 944 and 1180 nm were also filtered in order to minimize superficial overheating and exsiccosis.

2015 July 11, “Antimicrobial Photoinactivation Using Visible Light Plus Water-Filtered Infrared-A (VIS + wIRA) Alters In Situ Oral Biofilms”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) bodily dehydration due to insufficient intake of fluids


cyclitic membrane

cyclitic membrane (plural cyclitic membranes)

(pathology) A membrane that develops across the back of the lens of the eye as a result of inflammation


oncometabolite

Due to this pleiotropic function for dysregulating biological events, 2-HG is regarded as an oncometabolite that exerts tumor-inducing actions, and searches for IDH gene mutations have been performed in various types of malignancies [1 ,2 ].

2015 July 11, “Mutant IDH1 Dysregulates the Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Association with Gene-Specific Histone Modifications to Cartilage- and Bone-Related Genes”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(biochemistry, pathology) Any metabolite that is associated with a cancer


pseudoptosis

The differential diagnosis of blepharoptosis was made with particular attention to pseudoptosis associated with eyebrow ptosis and dermatochalasis.

2015 July 11, “Obesity as a Potential Risk Factor for Blepharoptosis: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008-2010”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

levator palpebrae superioris
levator palpebrae superioris

(pathology) A ptosis-like presentation with intact levator palpebrae superioris function.


plegia

plegia (countable and uncountable, plural plegias)

Diagnoses such as drug abuse, congestive heart failure, cirrhosis, depression/anxiety/psychosis, dementia, diabetes, malignancy or tumor, plegia, and renal disease increased the risk of not being treated.

2015 July 14, “Correlates of Initiation of Treatment for Chronic Hepatitis C Infection in United States Veterans, 2004–2009”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:


arrhythmogenesis

The proband’s sister also carried this duplication, but had never presented signs of arrhythmogenesis.

2015 July 15, “Comprehensive Genetic Characterization of a Spanish Brugada Syndrome Cohort”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) The development or onset of arrhythmia


arrhythmogenicity

Almost half of the patients had experienced symptoms, including 2 SCD and 4 aborted SCD. Patients who had not previously experienced any signs of arrhythmogenicity despite having a BrS ECG were considered asymptomatic.

(pathology) The condition of being arrhythmogenic


epicarditis

Mild to severe endo-and myocarditis was accompanied by a similar degree of epicarditis.

2015 July 16, “First Description of a New Disease in Rainbow Trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum)) Similar to Heart and Skeletal Muscle Inflammation (HSMI) and Detection of a Gene Sequence Related to Piscine Orthoreovirus (PRV)”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) inflammation of the epicardium


leptospiremia

The lack of agreement between molecular testing and single-specimen MAT likely resulted from the clearance of leptospiremia coinciding with the appearance of agglutinating antibodies in serum during the immune phase of illness [2 ,3 ,22 ].

2015 July 16, “Reverse-Transcriptase PCR Detection of Leptospira : Absence of Agreement with Single-Specimen Microscopic Agglutination Testing”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) The presence of leptospirae in the blood


macrosteatosis

These include: the use of marginal donors, an ill-defined group comprised of donors over the age of 60; donors with greater than 30% hypernatremia or macrosteatosis; donors with positive serologies for the hepatitis C or hepatitis B virus; donors with a cold ischemia time of greater than 12 hours; non-heart-beating donors; and grafts from split-livers or living-related donors.

2015 July 16, “Future Economics of Liver Transplantation: A 20-Year Cost Modeling Forecast and the Prospect of Bioengineering Autologous Liver Grafts”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:


mycobacteremia

mycobacteremia (countable and uncountable, plural mycobacteremias)

The lack of an association with particular strain lineages suggests that host factors predominate in the breakdown towards mycobacteremia.

2015 July 16, “High Genotypic Discordance of Concurrent Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates from Sputum and Blood of HIV-Infected Individuals”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) The presence of mycobacteria in the blood


vasoregression

Of note, the relationship between BMI and DR only exists in the diabetic vasoregression stage (any retinopathy), but not in more severe stages (i.e. increased permeability (DME) or angiogenesis (PDR)).

2015 July 16, “Risk Factors for Retinopathy and DME in Type 2 Diabetes—Results from the German/Austrian DPV Database”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:


dysglobulinemia

dysglobulinemia (countable and uncountable, plural dysglobulinemias)

The recorded causes of kidney disease were as follows: diabetic nephropathy (in 21% of the patients), nephroangiosclerosis and glomerulonephritis (18%), interstitial nephropathy (7%), hypertensive nephropathy (5%), polykystosis (5%) and other recorded diagnoses (hereditary disease, solitary kidney, dysglobulinemia, and systemic disease) (22%).

2015 July 17, “The Addition of Vascular Calcification Scores to Traditional Risk Factors Improves Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) Any of several disorders of blood globulins.


polycholia

(pathology) An excessive secretion of bile


asthenoteratozoospermia

Infertility was caused by fallopian tube dysfunction and/or male-related factors (a diagnosis of asthenozoospermia and/or asthenoteratozoospermia or azoospermia according to the WHO Laboratory Manual for the Examination and Processing of Human Semen).

2015 July 25, “Clinical Outcomes of In Vitro Fertilization among Chinese Infertile Couples Treated for Syphilis Infection”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) A condition in which the motility and morphology of the sperm are both abnormal.


monoblepsis

(pathology) A defect of vision that is evident only if both eyes are open


glomerulonephropathy

Samples from 102 adult Dogue de Bordeaux dogs (47 non-proteinuric [urine protein-to-creatinine ratio≤0.2], 20 borderline-proteinuric [0.2 0.5]) were used, of which 2 were suffering from familial glomerulonephropathy.

2015 July 17, “Characterization of Proteinuria in Dogue de Bordeaux Dogs, a Breed Predisposed to a Familial Glomerulonephropathy: A Retrospective Study”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) Any disease of the renal glomeruli


nephroangiosclerosis

(pathology) sclerosis of the renal arterioles


hyperadrenergic

In light of the hyperadrenergic state that has been described after severe head injury, we hypothesized that labetalol would preserve intestinal homeostasis by preventing increased intestinal permeability after TBI. Materials and Methods Animals and TBI Model The study protocol was approved by the Fudan University, Ministry of Science Animal Ethics Committee.

2015 July 18, “Labetalol Prevents Intestinal Dysfunction Induced by Traumatic Brain Injury”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:


rickettsemia

Indeed, we tested this hypothesis recently by examining two of these mutant clones; Ech_0379 and Ech_0660, and the study suggested that the attenuated mutants are useful in reducing the rickettsemia when challenged with wild-type infections [19 ].

2015 July 18, “Mutations in Ehrlichia chaffeensis Causing Polar Effects in Gene Expression and Differential Host Specificities”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) The presence of rickettsia bacteria in the blood


aceruloplasminemia

Moreover MCOs play critical roles in Fe, Cu and O 2 metabolism and are directly related to a range of genetic diseases (oculocutaneous albinism, aceruloplasminemia, etc.) and health issues (atherosclerosis, control of neurotransmitters, etc.)

2015 July 22, “Bilirubin Oxidase from Myrothecium verrucaria Physically Absorbed on Graphite Electrodes. Insights into the Alternative Resting Form and the Sources of Activity Loss”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) The lack of ceruloplasmin in the blood; the disorder associated with it


arthrofibrosis

Diagnosis of arthrofibrosis and frozen shoulder remains difficult and the self-reported data included pain, as well as stiffness.

2015 July 22, “Joint Stiffness Is Heritable and Associated with Fibrotic Conditions and Joint Replacement”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) The formation of fibrous tissue within a joint

artrofibrose

the formation of fibrous tissue within a joint


hypercortisolemia

(pathology) The presence of an elevated amount of cortisol (hydrocortisone) in the blood


arteriolopathy

arteriolopathy (countable and uncountable, plural arteriolopathies)

Improvements in the focal oxygen supply by HBO ameliorated calcific uremic arteriolopathy in high-altitude areas.

2015 June 15, Hai-tao Zhu et al., “Hyperbaric oxygen therapy ameliorates acute brain injury after porcine intracerebral hemorrhage at high altitude”, in Critical Care, volume 19, →DOI:


storiform

en-adj

storiform (comparative more storiform, superlative most storiform)

more storiform (comparative)
most storiform (superlative)

(pathology) Cells arranged in a woven pattern


myelinophagia

In addition, formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded samples of a sciatic nerve of a dog suffering from degenerative neuropathy of unknown origin, characterized by multifocal spheroid formation, dilatation of myelin sheaths and myelinophagia was included to compare the Schwann cell phenotypes in injured peripheral nerve and brain.

2015 July 22, “Contribution of Schwann Cells to Remyelination in a Naturally Occurring Canine Model of CNS Neuroinflammation”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) Destruction of myelin (as if eaten away).


monokidney

Special medical care and education should be afforded to living kidney donors and people with congenital monokidney, especially in pregnancy and other high-output situations like in patients with hyperthyroidism and arteriovenous fistula to avoid/correct volume overload conditions and to attenuate the negative consequences of volume overload in this special population.

2015 August 8, “Aggravated Cardiac Remodeling post Aortocaval Fistula in Unilateral Nephrectomized Rats”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) The condition of having a single kidney instead of the usual two.


peritonism

On arrival she was afebrile but tachycardic, with local peritonism in the left renal angle and left iliac fossa despite large amounts of opioid analgesia.

2015 May 7, E. Maughan et al., “Endovascular management of renal artery aneurysm rupture in pregnancy – A case report”, in International Journal of Surgery Case Reports, volume 12, →DOI:

(pathology) Any condition having the symptoms of peritonitis but without the inflammation of the peritoneum.


Sweet's syndrome

First described in 1964 by Dr. Robert Douglas Sweet.

Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis: a skin disease characterized by the sudden onset of fever, an elevated white blood cell count, and tender, red, well-demarcated papules and plaques.


chromaturia

The most common AE was chromaturia (in 32 subjects), a known effect associated with rifampin treatment.

2015 June 12, Jeanne Mendell et al., “The Effect of Rifampin on the Pharmacokinetics of Edoxaban in Healthy Adults”, in Clinical Drug Investigation, volume 35, →DOI:

(pathology) Any abnormal colouration of the urine


lipohyperplasia

en-noun

lipohyperplasia (usually uncountable, plural lipohyperplasias)

The patient underwent limited right hemicolectomy, and histology confirmed ileocecal lipohyperplasia.

2013 July 8, Hytham K S Hamid et al., “Ileocecal lipohyperplasia presenting as a chronic sideropenic anaemia”, in BMJ Case Reports, volume 2013, →DOI:

(pathology) hyperplasia involving lipocytes


macrohematuria

Five datasets, all owned by the authors of the manuscript, consisting of 939 patients obtained from different populations of patients who had either presented with macrohematuria at their primary diagnosis (Datasets 1–3) or for surveillance for UC recurrence (Datasets 4 and 5) were available for the study (Table 1).

2015 May 12, Vivienne Breen et al., “A holistic comparative analysis of diagnostic tests for urothelial carcinoma: a study of Cxbladder Detect, UroVysion® FISH, NMP22® and cytology based on imputation of multiple datasets”, in BMC Medical Research Methodology, volume 15, →DOI:

(pathology) hematuria in which the blood is clearly visible


cheilognathouranoschisis

cheilognathouranoschisis (usually uncountable, plural cheilognathouranoschises)

From cheilo- + gnatho- + urano- + schisis.

The criteria for inclusion in the patient group were: […] Craniofacial anomalies or syndromes, or any form of cheilognathouranoschisis

2015 July 9, Andreas F. Hellak et al., “Influence of maxillary advancement surgery on skeletal and soft-tissue changes in the nose — a retrospective cone-beam computed tomography study”, in Head & Face Medicine, volume 11, →DOI:

(pathology) A cleavage of the lip, alveolar ridge and palate


immunosenescent

Restoration of response to vaccination in immunosenescent aged mice by CASAC likely reflects the benefits of multiple TLR triggering on DC function [ 14, 24, 25 ] and provision of IFN-γ could substitute for lack of IFN-γ from CD8+ memory cells during the early phase of immune response.

2015 June 25, Gee Jun Tye et al., “The combined molecular adjuvant CASAC enhances the CD8+ T cell response to a tumor-associated self-antigen in aged, immunosenescent mice”, in Immunity & Ageing : I & A, volume 12, →DOI:

(immunology, pathology) Affected with immunosenescence


pneumopathy

The case reported here illustrates two rare causes of CVT observed in the same patient: the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies associated with an asymptomatic cryptogenic organising pneumopathy (COP) which were considered the origin of the venous cerebral thrombosis and heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) which was responsible for the worsening of the thrombosis observed a few days after the introduction of treatment.

2013 July 9, J Hsieh et al., “Cerebral venous thrombosis due to cryptogenic organising pneumopathy with antiphospholipid syndrome worsened by heparin-induced thrombocytopenia”, in BMJ Case Reports, volume 2013, →DOI:


cacochylia

Underlying cirrhosis frequently leads to protein-calorie malnutrition commonly caused by poor appetite, cacochylia, compromised nutrient uptake, and disorders in protein synthesis.

2015 July 9, Ling Chen et al., “Efficacy and safety of oral branched-chain amino acid supplementation in patients undergoing interventions for hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis”, in Nutrition Journal, volume 14, →DOI:

(pathology) Defective formation or absorption of chyle.


hemivertebra

(pathology) An abnormality in which one side of the vertebrae are deformed


oligomeganephronia

oligomeganephronia (usually uncountable, plural oligomeganephronias)

For example, oligomeganephronia, unilateral renal agenesis, renal dysplasia, reflux nephropathy, secondary to surgical or traumatic ablation, chronic allograft nephropathy, and other causes of nephron loss lead to FSGS.

2015 July 9, Ying Maggie Chen, Helen Liapis, “Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: molecular genetics and targeted therapies”, in BMC Nephrology, volume 16, →DOI:

(pathology) A kidney disease characterised by larger nephrons that are reduced in number


primoinfection

We report a case of a 52-year-old woman, on immunosuppressive treatment with mycophenolate due to a history of giant cell myocarditis (GCM), who presented with new-onset severe blood-tinged diarrhoea after a cytomegalovirus (CMV) primoinfection.

2013 July 10, Heike Seifert et al., “Not your usual diarrhoea: severe colonic toxicity of mycophenolate due to intestinal CMV and EBV infection”, in BMJ Case Reports, volume 2013, →DOI:

(virology) The first stages of an infection.


biliopathy

However, just when we started believing that medical management, pharmacological prophylaxis, and endoscopic procedures could reduce crowding in the pediatric surgical clinics, newer indications for surgical intervention, e.g. portal biliopathy, have emerged.

2015, Veereshwar Bhatnagar, “Surgical gastroenterology in children”, in Journal of Indian Association of Pediatric Surgeons, volume 20, →DOI:

(pathology) Any disease or abnormality of the bile duct


craniorachischisis

Craniorachischisis is a variant of rachischisis that occurs when the entire spinal cord and brain are exposed – simultaneous complete rachischisis and anencephaly.

Craniorachischisis and anencephaly represent the most extensive of the neural tube defects. In craniorachischisis the neural tube from the midbrain down to the upper sacral region of the spinal cord remains open (Fig. 26.1), there being no fusion of the tube.

2007, Colin Smith, “26: Malformations of the Nervous System and Hydrocephalus”, in Jean W. Keeling, T. Yee Khong, editors, Fetal and Neonatal Pathology, 4th edition, Springer, page 704:

The neural tube closure occurs around day 28 after conception; its closure failure may result in a defect that can range from anencephaly, incompatible with life, to small meningoceles.[1] The definition of neural tube defects (NTD) include anencephaly, craniorachischisis, iniencephaly, meningocele, meningomyelocele, and encephalocele, but not isolated findings of hydrocephalus or spina bifida oc[c]ulta.[1] Iniencephaly, from the ancient Greek "inion" meaning "nape of the neck", had its first report by Saint-Hilaire in 1836,[2] is characterized by a variable defect of the occipital bone, resulting in a large foramen magnum; partial or total absence of the cervical and thoracic vertebrae with irregular melting of those present, accompanied by incomplete closure of arcs and/or vertebral bodies, marked lordosis, hyperextension of the cervicothoracic spine; and a face deflected up.[3] The incidence is about 1:1000–1:2000 births,[4] then is a pretty rare NTD.

2015, Hernando R. Alvis-Miranda et al., “Iniencephaly: Case Report”, in Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences, volume 10, →DOI:

Craniorachischisis is readily diagnosed using ultrasound. However, it can be confused with other defects involving the brain – anencephaly, acrania or amniotic band syndrome.

2020, Birth Defects Surveillance: A manual for programme managers, 2nd edition, World Health Organization, page 40:

(pathology) A lethal defect of the neural tube in which both the brain and spinal cord are left open.


dolichoectasia

dolichoectasia (countable and uncountable, plural dolichoectasias)

Vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia should be considered as a differential in cases of trigeminal nerve hypoplasia and also in cases of obstructive hydrocephalus not explained by other causes.

2015, Abhishek Jha et al., “Trigeminal hypoplasia due to vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia: A new entity”, in Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences, volume 10, →DOI:

(pathology) elongation and distension of an artery


heredodegenerative

In one of the largest series of lingual dystonia cases, Esper et al. reported that 41% of cases were secondary to medications, 18% heredodegenerative and post encephalitic, 12% generalized dystonia and 29% focal primary lingual dystonia. Similarly, tremor of the tongue can be caused by parkinsonism, alcoholism and thyrotoxicosis.

2015, Neera Choudhary et al., “Isolated lingual involvement in Wilson's disease”, in Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice, volume 6, →DOI:

(pathology) Both hereditary and degenerative.


myeloradiculopathy

Neurological examination revealed upper thoracic myeloradiculopathy probably of neoplastic origin with sensory localization to D5 spinal level.

2015, Sudhansu Sekhar Mishra et al., “Isolated thoracic (D5) intramedullary epidermoid cyst without spinal dysraphism: A rare case report”, in Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences, volume 10, →DOI:

(pathology) disease of the spinal cord and spinal nerve roots


neuroophthalmological

A visual field test through white-on-white automated perimetry is a widely used technique and is a useful tool for the diagnosis and follow-up of several ocular disorders, such as glaucoma and neuroophthalmological diseases [ 9, 10 ].

2015 June 8, Jose Javier Garcia-Medina et al., “Does Posterior Capsule Opacification Affect the Results of Diagnostic Technologies to Evaluate the Retina and the Optic Disc?”, in BioMed Research International, volume 2015, →DOI:

(pathology) Relating to the neuropathology of the eye


occipitalgia

From occipit- (“of or relating to the occiput”) + -algia (“pain”).

af

Two patients presented with occipitalgia, two patients presented with torticollis and three patients developed neurologic signs.

2015 June 18, Osamu Sasaki et al., “Tumoral calcinosis involving the cervical spine”, in Surgical Neurology International, volume 6, →DOI:


periarteritis

Further, we did not observe necrotic granuloma or vasculitis, thereby, differed from Wegener's granuloma and periarteritis nodosa.

2015 June 18, Hidenori Yokoi et al., “An Inflammatory Pseudotumor Arising from Pterygopalatine Fossa with Invasion to the Maxillary Sinus and Orbital Cavity”, in Case Reports in Otolaryngology, volume 2015, →DOI:

(pathology) inflammation of the tissues surrounding an artery


reticulosis

en-noun

reticulosis (countable and uncountable, plural reticuloses)

In the case of nasal natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma, which frequently occurs in the nasal sinuses, prominent polymorphous proliferation of lymphocytes is present, and that is evident by its former name, polymorphic reticulosis.

(pathology) An abnormal increase in reticuloendothelial and related cells


collagenopathy

(pathology) Any disease or disorder that affects the collagen of connective tissue


hysteromyoma

hysteromyoma (plural hysteromyomas or hysteromyomata)

hysteromyomas (plural)
hysteromyomata (plural)

All patients underwent fresh ET during the first cycle and did not receive any medication for 3 months prior to IVF/ICSI. Patients were excluded if they had hysteromyoma, adenomyosis, ovarian tumor, endometriosis, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), hyperprolactinemia, thyroid disease, adrenal disease, diabetes, or a chromosomal aberration(determined by karyotype).

2015 July 25, “Clinical Outcomes of In Vitro Fertilization among Chinese Infertile Couples Treated for Syphilis Infection”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:


dermopathy

dermopathy (countable and uncountable, plural dermopathies)

D-Penicillamine-induced degenerative dermopathy can manifest as a combination of manifestations of skin fragility over bony prominences and pressure areas and cutis laxa-like features, as was seen in one of our case.

2015, Sujay Khandpur et al., “D-penicillamine Induced Degenerative Dermopathy”, in Indian Journal of Dermatology, volume 60, →DOI:


gametocytaemia

gametocytaemia (countable and uncountable, plural gametocytaemias)

gametocytaemias (plural)
gametocytemia (alternative)

Current trials (Table 2 ) use a full course of dihydroartemisinin/piperaquine (DHA-P) and a single low dose of primaquine is added to the drug combination to abort gametocytaemia as quickly as possible [ 36, 48 ].

2015 July 25, Marcel Tanner et al., “Malaria eradication and elimination: views on how to translate a vision into reality”, in BMC Medicine, volume 13, →DOI:

(pathology) The presence of gametocytes in the blood


histiosarcoma

Where possible, results are presented by major STS subtypes [angiosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, GIST, leiomyosarcoma, liposarcoma, malignant fibrous histiosarcoma (MFH), nerve sheath tumor, sarcoma NOS].

2015 July 26, Sumitra Shantakumar et al., “Older soft tissue sarcoma patients experience increased rates of venous thromboembolic events: a retrospective cohort study of SEER-Medicare data”, in Clinical Sarcoma Research, volume 5, →DOI:


hyperinflammation

Injection of LPS, which is more likely a hyperinflammation storm rather than sepsis, and the CLP method are both the most commonly used animal models for septic AKI research.

2014 December 9, Martin A Schick et al., “Sepsis-induced acute kidney injury by standardized colon ascendens stent peritonitis in rats - a simple, reproducible animal model”, in Intensive Care Medicine Experimental, volume 2, →DOI:


neuropsychic

Table 4 Biodistribution of 99m Tc-PQQ in mice (average ± SD, n = 35, %ID g −1 ) As glutamate neurotransmitter plays an important role in numerous neuropsychic disorders, the NMDAR is the target for research to develop an appropriate ligand for noninvasive imaging.

2010 October 10, Yanyan Kong et al., “Preparation of 99mTc-PQQ and preliminary biological evaluation for the NMDA receptor”, in Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, volume 287, →DOI:

(pathology) Of or pertaining to the nervous system and the mind

нервно-психи́ческий

of or pertaining to the nervous system and the mind


vasculoneuropathic

If the ischemic symptoms of PAOD are associated with neuropathy, these combined vasculoneuropathic symptoms might cause the limb symptoms to persist despite an appropriate treatment for PAOD.

2014 December 31, Young Ae Kim et al., “Prevalence and Risk Factors for the Peripheral Neuropathy in Patients with Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease”, in Vascular Specialist International, volume 30, →DOI:

(pathology) Relating to vascular neuropathy


aconuresis

Other chronic diseases surveyed were assessed with the following questions “Within the last 12 months did you have allergic asthma/ other forms of asthma/ allergies/ diabetes/ cataract/ tinnitus/ hypertension/ myocardial infarction/ insult or cerebral haemorrhage/ chronic bronchitis or emphysema/ aconuresis/ cancer/ gastric or intestinal ulcer/migraine?” with the answer categories “yes” or “no”.

2015 July 29, “Associations and Synergistic Effects for Psychological Distress and Chronic Back Pain on the Utilization of Different Levels of Ambulatory Health Care. A Cross-Sectional Study from Austria”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) urinary incontinence (inability to control urination)


hemodilution

hemodilution (countable and uncountable, plural hemodilutions)

(pathology) An increase in the fluid content of blood (and thus a diminution of the number of cells).


halo blight

(phytopathology) A bacterial disease of bean plants, caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola.


early blight

(phytopathology) A disease of tomato and potato plants caused by the fungus Alternaria solani, producing distinctive bullseye-patterned leaf spots, stem lesions, fruit rot on tomato and tuber blight on potato.


mushroom syndrome

A humorous metaphor about the cultivation of mushrooms, in that they are "given shit and kept in the dark".

We never heard about those changes coming, and were told everything would be staying the same. Typical mushroom syndrome from management again.

The practice of being supplied with little or no information and often instead intentionally supplied with misinformation.


uncoat

en-verb

uncoat (third-person singular simple present uncoats, present participle uncoating, simple past and past participle uncoated)

uncoats (present singular third-person)
uncoating (participle present)
uncoated (participle past)
uncoated (past)

It takes only minutes, after entry into a cell, for a virus particle to uncoat.

(virology, intransitive) (of the capsid shell) to dissociate from the viral core in the host cell cytoplasm

(virology, transitive) To remove the viral capsid of a virus, leading to the release of the viral genomic nucleic acid.


red rot

(phytopathology) A disease of sugar cane caused by the fungus Glomerella tucumanensis.


dysmetabolism

(biochemistry, pathology) metabolic dysfunction


angioinvasion

In an independent sample set, lower miR-126-3p expression was observed in follicular thyroid cancers (which have capsular and angioinvasion) as compared to follicular adenomas.

2015 August 6, “miR-126-3p Inhibits Thyroid Cancer Cell Growth and Metastasis, and Is Associated with Aggressive Thyroid Cancer”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) Vascular invasion: Invasion (infiltration) of vessels (blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, or both), often and especially by cancer cells, either locoregionally or metastatically.


lymphadenectasis

A cow was considered to be positive in BTB (case), if it yielded positive results in one or both tests, and showed up symptoms for emaciation, cough, dyspnea, and lymphadenectasis, while it was considered negative only if it yielded negative results in both tests and without clinical symptoms.

2015 August 6, “CARD15 Gene Polymorphisms Are Associated with Tuberculosis Susceptibility in Chinese Holstein Cows”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:


perivasculitis

In contrast, meningitis was seen in two out of the three tortoises infected with TeHV3 genogroup B. Vasculitis and/or perivasculitis were observed in two out of three individuals infected with the TeHV3 genogroup B. The tortoise infected with the bona fide recombinant TeHV3 strain had inclusions in the tongue and developed pneumonia.

2015 August 6, “A Genomic Approach to Unravel Host-Pathogen Interaction in Chelonians: The Example of Testudinid Herpesvirus 3”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) inflammation of the perivascular sheath


polyarthralgia

en-noun

polyarthralgia (countable and uncountable, plural polyarthralgias)

Human patients administrated rapamycin at low daily doses (1 to 2 mg/day) develop various side effects including headaches, polyarthralgia, mild stomatitis, epistaxis, diarrhea, and skin acne [18 –20 ].

2015 August 7, “Effect of Chronic Administration of Low Dose Rapamycin on Development and Immunity in Young Rats”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) arthralgia (pain) that affects multiple joints


premanifest

The premanifest stage of HD (pre-HD) [5 ] provides an unprecedented opportunity to characterize deficits and ultimately encapsulate sensitive markers of disease progression from premanifest to symptomatic stages for potential use in clinical interventions [4 ,6 ,7 ].

2015 August 7, “Characterising Upper Limb Movements in Huntington's Disease and the Impact of Restricted Visual Cues”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) Relating to the early stage of a disease, in which symptoms are not yet manifest


vestibulopathy

One of these patients was excluded due to prior sensory deficits (polyneuropathy, bilateral vestibulopathy).

2015 August 7, “Acute Unilateral Vestibular Failure Does Not Cause Spatial Hemineglect”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) Any disease that affects the vestibule of the ear


receptive aphasia

receptive aphasia (countable and uncountable, plural receptive aphasias)

(pathology) inability to understand written, spoken, or tactile speech symbols, due to disease of the auditory and visual word centers, as in word blindness


fibrinogenemia

The preliminary results of the survey objectify the possibility that by using ALAnerv® to obtain a significant improvement of the neuromotor and sensitive/ functional outcomes and also to decrease the levels of fibrinogenemia, plasma leucocytes number and neutrophils percentage, but with no statistical significance for the ESR dynamics.

2015, I Andone et al., “Preliminary results of using ALAnerv® in subacute motor incomplete paraplegics”, in Journal of Medicine and Life, volume 8:

(pathology) The presence or level of fibrinogen in the blood.


motor aphasia

motor aphasia (countable and uncountable, plural motor aphasias)

Broca's motor speech area
Broca's motor speech area

(pathology) impairment of the ability to speak and write, due to a lesion in the insula and surrounding operculum including Broca's motor speech area. (The patient understands written and spoken words but has difficulty uttering the words.)


limnemic

limnaemic (alternative)
limnæmic (alternative)

(pathology) suffering from chronic malaria


endotype

The phenotype is useful in treatment planning while the endotype provides insight in pathophysiological mechanisms of CRS. Therefore, investigations of the pathogenesis and the factors amplifying mucosal inflammation are therefore, of crucial importance for the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic tools.

2015 August 15, “Association of Mucosal Organisms with Patterns of Inflammation in Chronic Rhinosinusitis”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) A subtype of a pathological condition


veronalism

(pathology) Poisoning from veronal or other barbiturates.


semiconfluent

(pathology) Describing the situation in which some pustules run together


dystroglycanopathy

(pathology) Any disease associated with dystroglycan.


micromania

micromania (usually uncountable, plural micromanias)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-micromania.wav

(obsolete, pathology) A delusion that a body part has become small


dysferlinopathy

dysferlinopathy (countable and uncountable, plural dysferlinopathies)

(pathology) A genetic disorder caused by a deficiency of functional dysferlin protein, leading to muscle damage


staphylococcemia

staphylococcemia (usually uncountable, plural staphylococcemias)

Moreover, IFN-γ is universally considered to improve the survival of staphylococcemia mice by activating marcrophages and neutrophils to kill bacteria [45 ].

2015 August 29, “A Multiple Antigenic Peptide Mimicking Peptidoglycan Induced T Cell Responses to Protect Mice from Systemic Infection with Staphylococcus aureus”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) The presence of staphylococci in the blood


angiostenosis

They were confirmed free from the previous history of stroke and infarcts through examination of brain CT or MRI, and without severe atherosclerosis or angiostenosis on TCD or cerebrovascular CT or MR angiography.

2015 September 4, “Association of TRAIL and Its Receptors with Large-Artery Atherosclerotic Stroke”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) The narrowing of a blood vessel


hyperhemolysis

Moreover, the reticulocyte count of the patients with TRJV ≥ 2.5 m/sec was not high enough to indicate the presence of hyperhemolysis given that thirty-three patients with normal TRJV were taking HU, which inhibits erythropoiesis and decreases the reticulocyte count thus maximizing the difference between the 2 groups of patients.

2015 September 4, “Risk Factors of Pulmonary Hypertension in Brazilian Patients with Sickle Cell Anemia”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:


pathoglycemia

Calcineurin is a central signaling controller in eukaryotes[17 ]; thus, tacrolimus treatment often results in hypertension, pathoglycemia and other multi-systemic side effects[18 ,19 ].

2015 September 10, “Angiopoietin-Like-4, a Potential Target of Tacrolimus, Predicts Earlier Podocyte Injury in Minimal Change Disease”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) A pathological level of sugar in the blood


normolipemia

(pathology) A normal concentration of lipid in the blood.


hypogranulosis

hypogranulosis (countable and uncountable, plural hypogranuloses)

The hypogranulosis formed in human psoriasis was absent in the mouse model tested in the present work.

2015 September 11, “Using Imiquimod-Induced Psoriasis-Like Skin as a Model to Measure the Skin Penetration of Anti-Psoriatic Drugs”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) A decrease in the thickness of the stratum granulosum


anticancerogenic

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids suppress HMG-CoA reductase and have anticancerogenic properties through the induction of cell necrosis or apoptosis [19 ,20 ].

2015 September 12, “Highly Selective Anti-Cancer Activity of Cholesterol-Interacting Agents Methyl-β-Cyclodextrin and Ostreolysin A/Pleurotolysin B Protein Complex on Urothelial Cancer Cells”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:


trabeculitis

trabeculitis (countable and uncountable, plural trabeculites)

Another possible mechanism is inflammation, such as drug-induced trabeculitis or uveitis [11 ].

2015 September 12, “Intraocular Pressure Changes in Non-Glaucomatous Patients Receiving Intravitreal Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Agents”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) inflammation of the trabeculae


endotheliosis

As a consequence, the vascular endothelium is damaged and eventually glomerular endotheliosis are^([sic]) developed, a pathognomonic kidney damage that occurs in PE. This damage eventually contributes to development of hypertension and proteinuria, the clinical hallmarks of PE. Hb is normally found enclosed by the erythrocyte membranes.

2015 September 15, “The Human Endogenous Protection System against Cell-Free Hemoglobin and Heme Is Overwhelmed in Preeclampsia and Provides Potential Biomarkers and Clinical Indicators”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) Any disease associated with the endothelium


hyperbiliverdinemia

However, these previous experiments examined genetic variants, incidence of disease, or hyperbiliverdinemia, and thus may have documented patterns not typical of more common processes.

2015 September 15, “Interactions between Biliverdin, Oxidative Damage, and Spleen Morphology after Simulated Aggressive Encounters in Veiled Chameleons”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) The presence of a more than usual amount of biliverdin in the blood


biliverdinemia

(pathology) The presence of biliverdin in the blood


hypercalcinemia

In terms of the mechanism and relevance of the high expression of ICAM-1 in sarcoidosis patients, current research has demonstrated that alveolar macrophages associated with the sarcoidosis granulation tissue could synthesize and release 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, leading to hypercalcinemia.

2015 September 15, “Screening for Differentially Expressed Proteins Relevant to the Differential Diagnosis of Sarcoidosis and Tuberculosis”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) An excessive level of calcium in the blood


calcinemia

Moreover, prolonged calcinemia and increased elimination of calcium with the urine may cause formation of kidney stones along the urine elimination pathways, calcification of the walls of the vessels, ligaments, muscles, etc.

2015, Vasiliĭ Vasilʹevich Parin, Weightlessness: medical and biological research, page 214:

(pathology, very rare) The presence of calcium (ions) in the blood.


hyperfiltrating

The present investigation is the first to compare the effects of acetazolamide to those of an equipotent natriuretic agent and the first to investigate these effects in hyperfiltrating non-diabetic obese subjects.

2015 September 15, “Effect of Acetazolamide on Obesity-Induced Glomerular Hyperfiltration: A Randomized Controlled Trial”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) that are undergoing hyperfiltration


hypofiltrating

Is the hypofiltrating effect of acetazolamide maintained in the long-term?

(pathology) that are undergoing hypofiltration; that causes hypofiltration


hypofiltration

(pathology) A decrease in the rate of glomerular filtration of the kidneys


high anion gap metabolic acidosis

high anion gap metabolic acidosis (countable and uncountable, plural high anion gap metabolic acidoses)

high anion gap metabolic acidoses (plural)

(pathology) a form of metabolic acidosis characterized by a high anion gap


atelosteogenesis

atelosteogenesis (countable and uncountable, plural atelosteogeneses)

Mutations in this gene are responsible for four recessively inherited chondrodysplasias, including diastrophic dysplasia, multiple epiphyseal dysplasia, atelosteogenesis type 2, and achondrogenesis 1B.

2015 September 17, “Solute Carrier Family 26 Member a2 ( slc26a2 ) Regulates Otic Development and Hair Cell Survival in Zebrafish”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) incomplete osteogenesis; any pathological condition caused by this


cephalopolysyndactyly

From cephalo- + polysyndactyly or cephalo- + poly- + syn- + dactyl + -y.

Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome

(pathology, teratology) A disorder that affects development of the limbs, head, and face.


aluminosis

(pathology) A disease of the lungs caused by aluminum dust.


chronic wasting disease

(veterinary, pathology) A transmissible spongiform encephalopathy found in deer, typified by chronic weight loss leading to death.


systemic exertion intolerance disease

systemic exertion intolerance disease (uncountable)

chronic fatigue syndrome
chronic fatigue syndrome#English

(pathology) Synonym of chronic fatigue syndrome


SEID

systemic exertion intolerance disease#English

(pathology) Abbreviation of systemic exertion intolerance disease.


ME/CFS

myalgic encephalomyelitis
myalgic encephalomyelitis#English

(pathology) Initialism of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome.


arthritism

(pathology) A predisposition to gout or to arthritis.


palirrhea

Complications such as palirrhea and diarrhea occurring after operation may further aggravate dystrophy.

2015 September 22, “A Novel Inflammation-Based Prognostic Score, the C-Reactive Protein/Albumin Ratio Predicts the Prognosis of Patients with Operable Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:


retinochoroiditis

A systematic review and meta-analysis on the treatment and control of toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis has been published, and there is a lack of evidence to support routine antibiotic treatment being effective for acute Toxoplasma retinochoroiditis [18, 19 ].

2015 September 23, “A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Efficacy of Anti- Toxoplasma gondii Medicines in Humans”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) inflammation of the retina and choroid


revolving-door syndrome

revolving door syndrome
revolving door syndrome#English

Alternative form of revolving door syndrome


arthrocele

The CIA animal model is characterized by arthrocele, synovitis, cartilage destruction and bone erosion [25 ], and is generally considered an adequate representation of the pathogeneic processes of human RA.

2015 September 25, “Anti-Arthritic Effect of Chebulanin on Collagen-Induced Arthritis in Mice”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) The swelling of a joint; a hernia of the synovium through the capsule of a joint


dermatophilosis

From Dermatophilus, the causative agent, + -osis.

In Israeli dairy herds, the high prevalence of infectious cutaneous diseases such as dermatophilosis and pseudotuberculosis, caused by Dermatophilus congolensis and Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis respectively, might be attributed to the extensive adoption of evaporative cooling systems in these herds [10 ].

2015 September 26, “Diversity of Bacterial Biofilm Communities on Sprinklers from Dairy Farm Cooling Systems in Israel”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) A form of exudative dermatitis found in the tropics


oligodontia

Numerous gene mutations have been association with oligodontia.

2015 September 26, “A Novel AXIN2 Missense Mutation Is Associated with Non-Syndromic Oligodontia”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) The absence of six or more teeth


NIHL

(pathology) Initialism of noise-induced hearing loss.


logopenia

The other two most frequent neurobehavioral changes besides “incontinence”, i.e., logopenia and apathy, are negative symptoms.

2015 October 3, “The Global Cognition, Frontal Lobe Dysfunction and Behavior Changes in Chinese Patients with Multiple System Atrophy”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) logopenic progressive aphasia


oral candidiasis

oral candidiasis (countable and uncountable, plural oral candidiases)

(pathology) Infection on the mucous membranes of the mouth due to yeast of the genus Candida.

داء المبيضات الفموي

infection on the mucous membranes of the mouth due to yeast of the genus ''Candida''


exocrinopathy

The disease is also characterized by the presence of epithelial cell apoptosis, pathogenic autoantibodies, and overexpression of type I interferon (IFN) [6 ], [7 ], [8 ], which can lead to exocrinopathy and extraglandular organ damage.

2015 October 8, “Growth Arrest-Specific 6 Protein in Patients with Sjögren Syndrome: Determination of the Plasma Level and Expression in the Labial Salivary Gland”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) Any disease of the exocrine system


hypoleptinemia

(pathology) The presence of a lower than normal amount of leptins in the bloodstream


hematospermia

(pathology) The presence of blood in the semen


hemiatrophy

hemiatrophy (countable and uncountable, plural hemiatrophies)

(pathology) atrophy that affects only one half of the body


auxeticity

(pathology) The quality of being auxetic (relating to auxesis).


dysorexia

(pathology) An impaired or unnatural appetite.


keratiasis

(pathology) The presence of hard, horny tumors.


nanocormia

From nano- (“dwarf”) + Latin cormus, Ancient Greek κορμός (kormós, “trunk”).

Since a purified form of hCGH was first isolated from human pituitary in 1956 (Li and Papkoff, Science, 124, 1293 (1956)), there have been made a large number of works on hGH to elucidate, e.g., the effect of hCGH on human metabo lism (Beck, J. C. et al., Science, 125, 884(1957)) and inhibitory activity of hCGH on pituitary nanocormia (Raben, M. S., J. Clin. Endocrinol., 18,901(1958)).

2003, Se-Chang Kwon, Sung-youb Jung. Hoon Shin, Jay-Do Choi, Ki-Doo Choi, Gwan-Sun Lee, Modified E. coli enterotoxin II signal peptide and a microorganism expressing a fusion protein of a said peptide and a heterologous protein (US Patent US6605697B1):

For instance, if electric stimulus is given to the ventromedial hypothalamic lesion (VMH) in hypothalamus regions, it causes an increase of the amount of food intake, and causes a decrease of energy expenditure, thus resulting in obesity; if the lateral hypothalamus (LH) is stimulated by electricity, food intake decreases and energy expenditure increases, which causes nanocormia and anorexia

2011, D Han, S Kim, B Cho, “mRNA Expression on Neuropeptide Y (NPY) to Exercise Intensity and Recovery Time”, in Journal of Physical Therapy Science, volume 23, number 5:

(pathology) A form of dwarfism characterized by a very short trunk


nonculprit

(pathology) Of a lesion, etc.: not responsible for the diseased condition of the patient.


microvasculitis

Although, atypical painless diabetic radiculoplexus neuropathies, with more symmetrical lower limb, and some with upper limb involvement, due to ischemic injury and microvasculitis, have also been described, these patients have axonal neuropathies and were excluded on clinical and electrophysiological criteria.

2015 October 14, “Treatment Responsiveness in CIDP Patients with Diabetes Is Associated with Higher Degrees of Demyelination”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:


phosphoremia

A recent meta-analysis [15 ], aimed at assessing the association of ΔGFR with subsequent risk of ESRD, has similarly reported an association between improved eGFR and lower risk of ESRD. At variance with that study, however, we also considered proteinuria, causes of CKD, BMI, phosphoremia, uricemia and Hb, as potential confounders of CKD regression.

2015 October 14, “Epidemiology of CKD Regression in Patients under Nephrology Care”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) The presence of phosphorus (typically as some form of phosphate) in the blood


ulcerogenesis

This suggests that ZnPPIX counteracting protective effect of CORM-2 against ethanol ulcerogenesis cannot be explained by inhibitory effect of ZnPPIX on HO-1 enzyme expression and the mechanism of action of this compound in the stomach injured by ethanol should be further investigated.

2015 October 14, “Carbon Monoxide (CO) Released from Tricarbonyldichlororuthenium (II) Dimer (CORM-2) in Gastroprotection against Experimental Ethanol-Induced Gastric Damage”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:


derangement syndrome

derangement syndrome (plural derangement syndromes)

(pathology) One of three mechanical syndromes in the McKenzie method proposed in 1981 by the New Zealand physical therapist Robin McKenzie.


ambulism

These, apart from nocturnal ambulism, are the simplest conditions of systematised partial waking.

1916, Carl Gustav Jung, Constance Ellen Long, Analytical Psychology:

(pathology) A disorder involving walking.


hepatocarcinomatous

STC1 was found to be involved in inflammatory events [28, 29, 32 ] and was expressed in hepatocarcinomatous tissues [33, 34 ]; however, the role of STC1 in HCC progression is not known.

2015 October 16, “Stanniocalcin-1 Reduces Tumor Size in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(oncology) Relating to carcinomas of the liver


hiatus hernia

(pathology) A protrusion of part of the upper stomach into the thorax


hyperadiponectinemia

Accordingly, the findings of reverse association of BMI and ADPN and lower BMI among high ADPN group may partly explain reduced impact of hyperadiponectinemia on survival outcome in our study cohort.

2015 October 17, “Association of Adiponectin with High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein and Clinical Outcomes in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients: A 3.5-Year Follow-Up Study”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) The presence of raised levels of adiponectin in the blood


bordetellosis

bordetellosis (countable and uncountable, plural bordetelloses)

Mice with lethal bordetellosis indicated by ruffled fur, hunched stature, and limited responsiveness were euthanized to prevent unnecessary suffering.

2015 October 21, “Type Six Secretion System of Bordetella bronchiseptica and Adaptive Immune Components Limit Intracellular Survival During Infection”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) An infection by bacteria of the genus Bordetella.


labyrinthopathy

(pathology) Any disease of the labyrinth of the ear


labyrinthosis

(pathology) inflammation of the labyrinth of the ear


lalopathy

From Ancient Greek λάλος (lálos) + -o- + -pathy.

Conversely a correct thought may be defectively expressed, but as soon as the formation of thoughts is disturbed it becomes a question of dyslogia and logopathy, or, as some would say, of logoneurosis, since every movement of thought takes place through the nerve-substance. The two ideas of logoneurosis and lalopathy consequently do not cover each other.

1877, Hugo Ziemssen, Albert Henry Buck, George Livingston Peabody, Cyclopædia of the Practice of Medicine - Volume 14, page 613:

Stammering. stuttering, apthongia, spasmodic hesitation. and “nervous speech” belong to the domain of lalopathy.

As for the symptom of brain metastasis, dyskinesia showed the highest incidence, being seen in 5 cases (56%), followed by headache, nausea, lalopathy, dysopia and aystaria.

1943, Géza Róheim, The origin and function of culture, page 231:

Myasthenoid syndrome (somnolence, hypotonia, ataxy, lalopathy) due to acute intentional poisoning with 0.250g of Diazepan was observed in a child.

1974, Psychopharmacology Abstracts, page 697:


laloplegia

From Ancient Greek λαλέω (laléō, “talk”) + -plegia.

af

He made expressive gestures to manifest his thoughts, and on giving him pencil and paper he was able to write them down. His tongue preserved all its movements and its sensibility. It was evidently a case of laloplegia.

1878 August 15, The Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, volume 99, page 220:

(pathology) paralysis of the organs of speech


hepatopathology

en-noun

hepatopathology (countable and uncountable, plural hepatopathologies)


craniocerebellocardiac

(pathology) Affecting the cranium, cerebellum, and heart; applied to 3C syndrome.


cor triatriatum

(pathology) Triatrial heart: a rare congenital heart defect where the left atrium (cor triatriatum sinistrum) or right atrium (cor triatriatum dextrum) is subdivided by a thin membrane, resulting in three atrial chambers.


ependymitis

ependymitis (countable and uncountable, plural ependymites)

However there were only 8 (4.8%) cases of subdural effusion and none of ependymitis or brain abscess in good outcome patients.

2015 October 29, “Clinical Prognosis in Neonatal Bacterial Meningitis: The Role of Cerebrospinal Fluid Protein”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) inflammation of the ependyma


myotilinopathy

(pathology) Any disease associated with the protein myotilin


thermopathology

(pathology) The branch of pathology that focuses on the effects of the temperature change.


mucusuria

Clinical symptoms reported by patients contain hematuria, dysuria, urgency and mucusuria as a sign of mucus production/secretion of these lesions [25, 28 ].

2015 October 30, “Do We Need Surveillance Urethro-Cystoscopy in Patients with Neurogenic Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction?”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) The presence of mucus in the urine.


tibovirus

(pathology, virology) Any virus that is primarily transmitted by a tick.


robovirus

(pathology, virology) Any virus that is transmitted by an arthropod.


toxidermia

toxidermia (countable and uncountable, plural toxidermias)

Subjects with peripheral hypereosinophilia defined as in [13 ] related to other diseases were also recruited, including subjects with dermatologic disease (n = 3, i.e prurigo, bullous pemphigoid and drug toxidermia), parasitosis (n = 3, i.e giardiasis, ascaridiosis and scabies) and pulmonary aspergillosis (n = 5, with 2 of them also suffering from asthma associated to bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.)

2015 November 3, “Circulating Human Eosinophils Share a Similar Transcriptional Profile in Asthma and Other Hypereosinophilic Disorders”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) The presence of skin lesions as a result of the action of toxins or allergens


meningoencephalomyelitis

(pathology) A form of encephalomyelitis that also affects the meninges


seroincidence

Annual HIV seroincidence and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using the 155-day window period and the standard seroincidence formula as described elsewhere [20 ].

2015 November 5, “Assessing the HIV-1 Epidemic in Brazilian Drug Users: A Molecular Epidemiology Approach”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) The incidence of a particular material in blood serum (typically HIV)


severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (uncountable)

A clinical condition prevalent in East Asia caused by SFTS virus (SFTS, Huaiyangshan virus), a phlebovirus in the family Bunyaviridae.


flavobacteriosis

A common disease affecting Rainbow Trout in freshwater is flavobacteriosis (Flavobacterium psychrophilum) with characteristic skin ulcers and erosions as reported here (R. Avendaño, comm. pers. 2015).

2015 November 7, “Temporal Genetic Variance and Propagule-Driven Genetic Structure Characterize Naturalized Rainbow Trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) from a Patagonian Lake Impacted by Trout Farming”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) Any disease associated with the presence of flavobacteria


hemomediastinum

Massive hemorrhage, pneumomediastinum, pneumothorax requiring drainage, cardiac tamponade, and hemomediastinum have all been reported as TBNA complications[30 ].

2015 November 7, “Endobronchial Ultrasound Changed the World of Lung Cancer Patients: A^([sic]) 11-Year Institutional Experience”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) The presence of blood in the mediastinum


radiculoplexopathy

(pathology) neuropathy of the radiculoplexus


purple urine bag syndrome

A medical syndrome characterised by purple discoloration of urine (caused by bacteria producing the enzyme indoxyl phosphatase), occurring in people with urinary catheters and coexistent urinary tract infection.


echinocytosis

It is likely that the echinocytosis is the cause of the hemolytic anaemia as well [68 ].

2015 November 11, “Diminution of Oxidative Damage to Human Erythrocytes and Lymphocytes by Creatine: Possible Role of Creatine in Blood”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) The presence of echinocytes in the blood


osteochondrogenesis

Osteochondrogenic markers such as BMP-2 and osteocalcin (Fig 2, BMP-2 and osteocalcin stain) could not be detected, indicating that osteochondrogenesis is not key in the early stage of calcification or atherogenesis.

2015 November 11, “Intra-Section Analysis of Human Coronary Arteries Reveals a Potential Role for Micro-Calcifications in Macrophage Recruitment in the Early Stage of Atherosclerosis”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) The genesis of osteochondrosis


simian crease

So called because it resembles the usual condition of non-human simians.

(anatomy, pathology) A crease that extends across the palm of the human hand, formed by the fusion of the two palmar creases, found especially in people with Down syndrome.


Genovese syndrome

After Kitty Genovese (1935–1964), who was murdered in New York while numerous witnesses allegedly took no action.


lymphochoriomeningitis

This is the target interaction that underlies the broad spectrum activity of NAPs against many enveloped viruses including human immunodeficiency virus, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 and lymphochoriomeningitis virus [7, 10 –13 ].

2015 November 12, “Therapeutic Antiviral Effect of the Nucleic Acid Polymer REP 2055 against Persistent Duck Hepatitis B Virus Infection”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:


malperfusion

malperfusion (usually uncountable, plural malperfusions)

From mal- + perfusion or mal- + perfuse + -ion.

Although statistically not significant, the TFD tended to be longer in patients with coronary malperfusion and CHF. The TFD was also somewhat longer in groups without any complications, PAO, shock, or consciousness disturbance.

2015 November 12, “Clinical Predictors for Delayed or Inappropriate Initial Diagnosis of Type A Acute Aortic Dissection in the Emergency Room”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) Any incorrect or unusual form of perfusion (blood flow), usually with reference to reduced perfusion rather than to hyperemia.


pathomimetic

To image, localize and quantify collagen IV degradation in real-time we used 3D pathomimetic breast cancer models designed to mimic the in vivo microenvironment of breast cancers.

2015 November 13, “Imaging Sites of Inhibition of Proteolysis in Pathomimetic Human Breast Cancer Cultures by Light-Activated Ruthenium Compound”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) That mimics a pathological condition


oligouria

(pathology) A condition in which only a relatively small amount of urine (typically about 400ml per day) is produced


curarization

curarization (countable and uncountable, plural curarizations)


germ theory of disease

The theory (coherent scientific explanation of an observable fact) that some diseases are caused by microorganisms.


carcinocyte

(oncology, pathology, very rare) A single tumor cell.


hypoadrenocorticism

The current study investigates autoantibodies against steroid synthesis enzymes in dogs with spontaneous hypoadrenocorticism.

2015 December 1, “Autoantibodies against Cytochrome P450 Side-Chain Cleavage Enzyme in Dogs ( Canis lupus familiaris ) Affected with Hypoadrenocorticism (Addison’s Disease)”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) adrenocortical insufficiency; Addison's disease


monoinfection

monoinfections (plural)
monofection (alternative)

Transcriptional profiling of calvarial bone and soft tissue in response to polybacterial infection [8 ] reveals differences in gene expression in bone and soft tissue compared to monoinfection with P.

2015 December 1, “Polymicrobial Oral Infection with Four Periodontal Bacteria Orchestrates a Distinct Inflammatory Response and Atherosclerosis in ApoE null Mice”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) infection with a single type of microorganism


Pratt's sign

Described in 1949 by American surgeon Gerald H. Pratt (1928–2006).

deep vein thrombosis
deep vein thrombosis

(pathology) An indication of femoral deep vein thrombosis: it is the presence of dilated pretibial veins in the affected leg, which remain dilated on raising the leg.


pathoprogression

This leads us to speculate that lysosomal impairment due to diminished GCase expression and enzyme activity as shown in AD could also affect cell-to-cell transmission of Aβ aggregates and the pathoprogression of AD.

2015 December 3, “Lysosomal Enzyme Glucocerebrosidase Protects against Aβ 1-42 Oligomer-Induced Neurotoxicity”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) The progression of a disease


ophthalmomyiasis

(medicine, pathology) Myiasis of the eye.


stomach ulcer

(pathology, colloquial) synonym of peptic ulcer


non-24-hour sleep-wake rhythm disorder#English

(pathology) Abbreviation of non-24-hour sleep-wake rhythm disorder.


hippuria

(pathology) The presence of (excessive) hippuric acid in the urine, as sometimes occurs in diabetes mellitus


cerebroprotection

We developed in situ forming implants (biocompatible biodegradable copolymer) and microparticles (same polymer and solvent emulsified with an external oily phase) of GSNO to lengthen its effects and allow cerebroprotection after a single subcutaneous administration to Wistar rats.

2015 December 9, “In Situ Microparticles Loaded with S -Nitrosoglutathione Protect from Stroke”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) protection against strokes and similar problems


cerebroprotective

en-adj

cerebroprotective (comparative more cerebroprotective, superlative most cerebroprotective)

more cerebroprotective (comparative)
most cerebroprotective (superlative)

Concerning its impact following stroke, several studies from Khan et al. showed that it had a cerebroprotective effect following ischemia/reperfusion [13, 14 ] when administered intravenously at non hypotensive doses.

(pathology, medicine) Relating to cerebroprotection


parodontopathy

en-noun

parodontopathy (countable and uncountable, plural parodontopathies)

The following phrases or keywords were used: (virus OR herpesvir* OR EBV OR CMV OR HCMV OR HHV OR HSV OR Epstein-Barr virus OR cytomegalovirus OR herpes simplex virus OR Human herpesvirus) AND (chronic periodontitis OR periodontal disease OR paradontosis OR parodontopathy OR periodontal).

2015 December 15, “Association between Herpesviruses and Chronic Periodontitis: A Meta-Analysis Based on Case-Control Studies”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) disease of the gums and other supportive tissue of the teeth


granulomatosis infantiseptica

(pathology) Miliary pyogranulomatous lesions on the body as manifestations of neonatal listeriosis.


immunoalkaline

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays on sections of oviduct tissues were performed by using a polymer-based colorimetric indirect immunoalkaline phosphatase method with a polyclonal rabbit anti-T-cadherin antibody, as previously described [100 ].

2015 December 18, “Role of Epithelial-Mesenchyme Transition in Chlamydia Pathogenesis”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(immunology, pathology) Describing a phosphatase enzyme used in cytology


olomoucine

From Olomouc + -ine. Named after the city where it was discovered.

An inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase, derived from purine, used in oncology


dermoodontodysplasia

(pathology) A disorder that includes dental problems, trichodysplasia, and nail and skin problems.


folliculodystrophy

(pathology) A disorder of follicle growth.


lipofected

en-adj

lipofected (comparative more lipofected, superlative most lipofected)

more lipofected (comparative)
most lipofected (superlative)

Lipid-RNA complexes last a long time in lipofected cells, thus impeding precise RNA quantification [34 ].

2016 January 5, “Challenging the Roles of NSP3 and Untranslated Regions in Rotavirus mRNA Translation”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:


brachytelephalangy

(pathology) Unusually short length of the distal phalanges.


hepatorrhagia

The most striking pathological change induced by DVH is hepatic injury, such as hepatorrhagia and hepatic congestion, and the main clinical symptoms are cramps, convulsions, opisthotonus and sudden death.

2016 January 6, “Assessment of a Flavone-Polysaccharide Based Prescription for Treating Duck Virus Hepatitis”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) hemorrhage associated with the liver


summer branch drop

(pathology, botany, sylvaniculture, arboriculture) A syndrome in which a tree suddenly drops a large limb from its body, usually interpreted as being caused by stress due to heat waves, droughts or persistent hot weather.


multimetastasis

This showed that regardless of whether patients had oligometastasis or multimetastasis, the best supportive care group fared significantly worse compared to either of the other two treatment groups, and the chemotherapy alone group fared significantly worse than the multimodality treatment group (Figs 3 and 4 ).

2016 January 13, “Multimodality Treatment May Improve the Survival Rate of Patients with Metastatic Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma with Good Performance Status”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) The spread of multiple metastases, especially of cancer


oligometastasis

en-noun

oligometastasis (countable and uncountable, plural oligometastases)

Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine

Despite an increasing interest in oligometastases, the definition of the term “oligometastases” can be very confusing because it has been dependent on the particular research. Many researchers have defined oligometastases as metastases that are limited in both number (typically, less than 5) and location. Another confusing issue is outcome evaluation; researchers have evaluated the outcome of oligometastases by overall survival or local control. […] Hellman and Weichselbaum originally proposed the state of oligometastases in 1995 based on a consideration of the multistep nature of cancer progression. They proposed the existence of an oligometastatic state that was an “intermediate between purely localized lesions and those widely metastatic”. The state was expounded to be “amenable to a curative therapeutic strategy” and “amenable to localized therapy”.

2015, Hiroyuki Kaneda, Yukihito Saito, “Oligometastases: defined by prognosis and evaluated by cure”, in Cancer Treatment Communications, volume 3, →DOI, pages 1–6:

(medicine, pathology) A state of limited metastasis, especially of cancer, with several (but not many) metastatic sites.

(medicine, pathology) Any of the several metastatic tumors/sites in such a state.


pachychoroidal

Other pachychoroidal diseases such as a variety of inflammatory diseases may also show choroidal morphologic alterations.

2016 January 15, “Morphologic Characteristics of Choroid in the Major Choroidal Thickening Diseases, Studied by Optical Coherence Tomography”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) That involves excessive choroid thickening


pachychoroidopathy

(pathology) Excessive choroid thickening


vitreoretinochoroidopathy

Additional single cases had final diagnoses of retinitis punctata albescens, autosomal dominant vitreoretinochoroidopathy, atrophy of the choroid and retina resembling gyrate atrophy but without hyperornithinemia, exudative vitreoretinopathy, optic atrophy, Alström syndrome, Bardet Biedl syndrome and Stargardt disease.

2016 January 15, “Mutation Detection in Patients with Retinal Dystrophies Using Targeted Next Generation Sequencing”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:


lupoma

(pathology) The nodosity from which lupus develops.


lithuria

(pathology) The presence of excess uric acid or its salts in the urine.


minicore

(pathology) Any of a series of core structures found in muscle tissue myopathy


intercritical

Conversely the TT-genotype associated with reduced levels of TLR4 mRNA in PBMCs from people with intercritical gout.

2016 January 26, “The Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) Variant rs2149356 and Risk of Gout in European and Polynesian Sample Sets”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) Between attacks (especially of gout)


microhepatica

These include jaundice, abdominal fluid wave, microhepatica, ascites, enlarged portal lymph nodes, hypoalbuminemia and left shift of neutrophils in the peripheral blood.

2016 January 26, “Presence of Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome Predicts a Poor Clinical Outcome in Dogs with a Primary Hepatitis”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) The presence of an unusually small liver


FAST

Coined in recognition of the word fast, e.g. (medical sense) describing the need for speedy diagnosis and treatment.

cerebrovascular accident
cerebrovascular accident#English

(medicine, pathology) Acronym of facial drooping, arm weakness, speech difficulty, time. A mnemonic for diagnosing a cerebrovascular accident (“CVA”) or stroke.


brachymetropia

From brachy- (“short”) + metr- (“measure”) + -opia.


marisca

From Latin marisca (“large kind of fig; haemorrhoid”).


bronchostenosis

(pathology) The abnormal contraction of a bronchus.


hyperamylinaemia

In circumstances of defective ProIAPP processing or hyperamylinaemia, the equilibrium between IAPP forming a heterodimer with insulin may shift towards IAPP homodimerization.

2016 February 4, “Identification of Human Islet Amyloid Polypeptide as a BACE2 Substrate”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) The presence of excess amylin in the blood


stress incontinence

(pathology) leakage of urine or involuntary urination (induced by coughing, sneezing, laughing, or exercising) caused by weakness in the support of the female urethra and neck of the bladder


dysthyroidism

en-noun

dysthyroidism (countable and uncountable, plural dysthyroidisms)

Dysthyroidism, whether in excess or deficiency, has clinical manifestations within different portions of the digestive tract and viscera.

2009, R Daher, T Yazbeck, JB Jaoude, B Abboud, “Consequences of dysthyroidism on the digestive tract and viscera”, in World J Gastroenterol, volume 15, pages 2834–2838:

(pathology) abnormal functioning of the thyroid gland, referring to either hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism (thyroid hormone deficiency or excess).


hyperferricemia

The anemia was characterized by hypochromasia of the erythrocytes, hyperferricemia, absence of hemolysis, and hyperplastic, ineffective, sideroblastic erythropoiesis of the bone marrow.

1976, Excerpta medica. Section 25: Hematology, volume 14, page 335:

Deaths from hemochromatosis plus hyperferricemia have been reported.

1986, Kenneth L. Garver, Genetic Counseling for Clinicians, page 130:

A defect in ALAS2 results in X-linked sideroblastic anemia, which is characterized by hypochromic microcytic anemia that frequently is detected in childhood, hemochromatosis that leads to death at a relatively young age, hyperferricemia, increased peripheral siderocytes after splenectomy, and reduced protoporphyrin levels in the microcytes.

2006, Julia A. McMillan, Oski's Pediatrics: Principles & Practice, page 2357:

(pathology, rare) The medical condition of having too much iron in the blood.


anisomyopia

From an- + isomyopia or aniso- + myopia.

The relative peripheral refraction of the more myopic eye of anisomyopia was shifted hyperopically, as occurs in isomyopia with similar central subjective SE values.

2016 February 17, “Interocular Difference of Peripheral Refraction in Anisomyopic Eyes of Schoolchildren”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) The presence of different degrees of myopia in the two eyes


isomyopia

(pathology) The presence of the same degree of myopia in the two eyes


skull base disease

skull base disease (plural skull base diseases)

(pathology) Any of a wide variety of craniofacial and skull base disorders affecting the area of the head and/or neck, from the clavicle to the top of the skull.


hyperdontia

(pathology) The condition of having teeth that appear in addition to the regular number of teeth.


hyposerotonemia

Bidirectional genetic selection of rats toward extreme activities of platelet 5HTT through successive generations, resulted in divergence into two discrete sublines with lifelong hyper- or hyposerotonemia as well as constitutional hyper- or hypoactivity of the serotonergic system in general [18 ].

2016 February 24, “Constitutively Elevated Blood Serotonin Is Associated with Bone Loss and Type 2 Diabetes in Rats”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) A reduced level of serotonin in the blood


hyperserotonemia

(pathology) A raised level of serotonin in the blood


serotonemia

We have observed the phenomenon occurring in the jugular vein in an example of tricuspid deformation associated with cardiac involvement in a patient with serotonemia due to carcinoid.

1965, Hans H. Hecht, Comparative Cardiology, page 356:

(pathology) The presence of serotonin in the blood.


Pfeiffer's glandular fever

Pfeiffer's glandular fever (uncountable)

Named after the German balneologist and pediatrician Emil Pfeiffer, who described the disease.


cytoma

Either (1) an outdated coinage from the days when word production with the suffix -oma wasn't yet restricted semantically to neoplasms (19th century), or (2) back-formed via slightly misguided rebracketing from various words for tumors (such as astrocytoma, plasmacytoma, histiocytoma, and pheochromocytoma); possibly generated via both routes, if reinvented independently.


eumusae leaf spot

emusae leaf spot (plural eumusae leaf spots)

emusae leaf spot (canonical)
eumusae leaf spots (plural)

Pseudocercospora eumusae
Pseudocercospora eumusae#Translingual

One of the Sigatoka group of fungal diseases threatening the crop of Cavendish bananas, caused by the fungus Mycosphaerella eumusae (anamorph: Pseudocercospora eumusae)


pseudoinfection

pseudoinfection (countable and uncountable, plural pseudoinfections)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-pseudoinfection.wav

(pathology) The presence of pathogenic microorganisms in a host without an actual infection


hypoglobus

Adverse clinical outcome of globe position like enophthalmos and hypoglobus is influenced by both orbital volume and the shape of the restored orbital contour, which are influenced by the position of the implant within the orbit.

2016 March 4, “Quantitative Assessment of Orbital Implant Position – A Proof of Concept”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) downward displacement of the eye in the orbit


mesangioproliferative

en-adj

mesangioproliferative (comparative more mesangioproliferative, superlative most mesangioproliferative)

more mesangioproliferative (comparative)
most mesangioproliferative (superlative)

Induction of a mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis in these mice results in prolonged proliferation and apoptosis in the glomerulus [14 ].

2016 March 4, “Alpha8 Integrin ( Itga8 ) Signalling Attenuates Chronic Renal Interstitial Fibrosis by Reducing Fibroblast Activation, Not by Interfering with Regulation of Cell Turnover”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) Characterised by proliferation of mesangial cells


normoglutaminemic

In summary patients with chronic liver failure, whether acutely decompensated or not, were normoglutaminemic as a group when there was an indication for ICU admission.

2016 March 4, “Plasma Glutamine Concentrations in Liver Failure”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) Having normal levels of glutamine in the blood


trichodysplasia

en-noun

trichodysplasia (usually uncountable, plural trichodysplasias)

Clinical syndromes attributed to these viruses include post-transplant nephropathy, hemorrhagic cystitis, progressive multifocal encephalopathy, trichodysplasia spinosum, WHIM syndrome, pruritic skin rash, and gastro-esophageal disease.

2016 March 4, “Evaluation of the Gastrointestinal Tract as Potential Route of Primary Polyomavirus Infection in Mice”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) A disease, sometimes found in organ transplant recipients, characterised by reddened papules, especially on the face


amyloidopathy

amyloidopathy (countable and uncountable, plural amyloidopathies)

However, it has been suggested that J20 transgenic model has its limitations in representing the full aspects of amyloidopathy in AD cases [16 ]; and it would be desirable to examine synaptosomal mitochondrial dysfunction in different animal models with a better representation of amyloidopathy in AD brains.

2016 March 5, “Synaptosomal Mitochondrial Dysfunction in 5xFAD Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) The presence of amyloid peptide plaques in the brain


microfilaridermia

microfilaridermia (countable and uncountable, plural microfilaridermias)

The result also showed that microfilaridermia and mean intensity decreased as the number of treatment taken increased.

2016 March 5, “Impact of Six Years Community Directed Treatment with Ivermectin in the Control of Onchocerciasis, Western Ethiopia”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(pathology) The presence of microfilaria in the skin


onchocercoma

onchocercoma (plural onchocercomas or onchocercomata)

onchocercomas (plural)
onchocercomata (plural)

(pathology) A nodule containing Onchocerca in river blindness (onchocerciasis).


hamartomatosis

Sir, Lymphangiomas are congenital malformations of the lymphatic system due to hamartomatosis.

2015, Ayse Serap Karadag et al., “Two cases of lymphangioma circumscriptum successfully treated with pulsed dye laser and cryotherapy”, in Indian Dermatology Online Journal, volume 6, →DOI:


paralexia

paralexia (countable and uncountable, plural paralexias)

(pathology) A language disorder in which the words or syllables of a text being read are transposed into meaningless combinations


lymphangioendothelioma

Lymphangioma circumscriptum is a benign lymphatic ectasia with two components: A clinically apparent dermal vascular component and a not so apparent deep subcutaneous cisternal structure.[ 3 ] Although it is characterized by translucent, pink-red vesicle bundles with thin membranes sometimes filled with blood, the vesicles have clear edges, and can be scattered or in groups.[ 4 ] For the differential diagnosis of lymphangioma circumscriptum, lymphangiectasia, hemangioma, verruca, molluscum contagiosum, angiokeratoma, and lymphangioendothelioma should be considered.[ 2 ] The risk of malignant conversion is very low for lymphangioma circumscriptum.

(pathology) acquired progressive lymphangioma (in which endothelial cells are the main component)


megasyndrome

(pathology) The pathological enlargement of an organ etc


thrombocytemia

thrombocytemia (countable and uncountable, plural thrombocytemias)

We studied 192 patients with myeloproliferative disorders, 90 with Essential thrombocytemia (ET), 42 with Polycythemia vera (PV) and 60 with Primary or idiopathic myelofibrosis (PMI).

2015, Mihaela TEVET et al., “Influence of the JAK2 V617F Mutation and Inherited Thrombophilia on the Thrombotic Risk among Patients with Myeloproliferative Disorders”, in Mædica, volume 10:

(pathology) The presence of thrombocytes in the blood


vasoocclusive

en-adj

vasoocclusive (comparative more vasoocclusive, superlative most vasoocclusive)

more vasoocclusive (comparative)
most vasoocclusive (superlative)
vaso-occlusive (alternative)
vasocclusive (alternative)

Logic suggests that agents that sustain flow and prevent the initiation of vasoocclusion would be more successful than agents given after an acute vasoocclusive event has started, nevertheless animal studies have shown that this latter approach might be useful [ 110 ].

2015 July 29, Duyen A. Ngo, Martin H. Steinberg, “Genomic approaches to identifying targets for treating β hemoglobinopathies”, in BMC Medical Genomics, volume 8, →DOI:

(pathology) That which leads to vasoocclusion.


neuroretinitis

Response to oral steroid was excellent, and a follow-up examination at 1 week showed nearly complete resolution of the vitritis and neuroretinitis.

2015 July 23, Kevin P Stewart et al., “Combination immunotherapy in the treatment of chronic bilateral panuveitis and uveitic glaucoma during acute dengue fever infection in the Caribbean”, in International Medical Case Reports Journal, volume 8, →DOI:

(pathology) inflammation of the optic nerve and the retina


parasympathicotonia

The KI values above 100 indicate sympathicotonia, and values below 100 indicate parasympathicotonia.

2015, Pushpa Sharma et al., “Pyruvate dose response studies targeting the vital signs following hemorrhagic shock”, in Journal of Emergencies, Trauma, and Shock, volume 8, →DOI:

(pathology) Any condition characterised by domination of the parasympathetic system over the sympathetic


transaminemia

en-noun

transaminemia (usually uncountable, plural transaminemias)

Further blood work showed hyperkalemia, mild metabolic acidosis, hypocalcemia, mild transaminemia (predominantly AST), and creatine kinase (CK) of 44,476 IU/L (Table 2).

2015 July 30, Javier A. Neyra et al., “Rhabdomyolysis-induced acute kidney injury in a cancer patient exposed to denosumab and abiraterone: a case report”, in BMC Nephrology, volume 16, →DOI:

(pathology) The presence of transaminase in the blood


vitritis

After another week with no change in oral prednisone dosage at 60 mg PO QD, the vitritis and retinitis returned OU with worsening vision to CF OD, 20/100 OS, and persistently elevated pressures.

(pathology) inflammation associated with the vitreous humor


atheromatosis

atheromatosis (countable and uncountable, plural atheromatoses)

Chronic inflammation with acceleration of atheromatosis is responsible for the high rate of morbidity and mortality in dialysis patients.

2015 July 8, Dorota Kamińska et al., “Type of Renal Replacement Therapy (Hemodialysis versus Peritoneal Dialysis) Does Not Affect Cytokine Gene Expression or Clinical Parameters of Renal Transplant Candidates”, in BioMed Research International, volume 2015, →DOI:

(pathology) The deposition of atheromas in the arteries


glomangiomyoma

(pathology) A glomus tumor that has features of an angioleiomyoma


hypoglutamatergic

en-adj

hypoglutamatergic (comparative more hypoglutamatergic, superlative most hypoglutamatergic)

more hypoglutamatergic (comparative)
most hypoglutamatergic (superlative)

This case is remarkable because, to our knowledge, this is the first report on in vivo hypoglutamatergic status in anti-NMDAR encephalitis.

2015 August 1, Dominique Endres et al., “Hypoglutamatergic state is associated with reduced cerebral glucose metabolism in anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis: a case report”, in BMC Psychiatry, volume 15, →DOI:

(pathology) Less than normally glutamatergic


lipoleiomyoma

In the present case, although the uterine tumor was depicted as a poorly demarcated diffuse lesion within the myometrium on MRI, a lipomatous component indicative of a benign lipomatous tumor such as a lipoleiomyoma [ 11 – 13 ], angiomyolipoma [ 14 ], or pure lipoma [ 15 ] was also detected within the tumor.

2015 July 5, Go Nakai et al., “Uterine Intravenous Leiomyomatosis with Cardiac Extension: Radiologic Assessment with Surgical and Pathologic Correlation”, in Case Reports in Obstetrics and Gynecology, volume 2015, →DOI:

(pathology) A benign fatty neoplasm of smooth muscle (especially of the uterus)


neuromyoarterial

Glomus tumor is a vascular tumor believed to be originating from the cutaneous neuromyoarterial glomus body.

2015 July 8, Kemal Beksaç et al., “Extradigital Glomus Tumor of Thigh”, in Case Reports in Surgery, volume 2015, →DOI:

(pathology) Relating to neural and muscle arteries


discogenic

This is also known as discogenic back pain.

2015 July 28, Santosh Baliga, Katrina Treon, Niall John Angus Craig, “Low Back Pain: Current Surgical Approaches”, in Asian Spine Journal, volume 9, →DOI:

(pathology) That originates in (damaged) vertebral discs


mastoncus

Characterization of NYD-SP8 (A) RT-PCR analysis of NYD-SP8 mRNA expression levels in malignant lymphoma (1); adenocarcinoma of kidney (2); colon cancer (3); mastoncus (4); lung cancer (5); oesophageal cancer (6); gastric carcinoma (7); negative control (8). β-actin was used as internal control.

2008 November 6, Lan lan Yin et al., “A suppressor of multiple extracellular matrix-degrading proteases and cancer metastasis”, in Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, volume 13, →DOI:


refractory anaemia with excess blasts

en-noun

refractory anaemia with excess blasts (countable and uncountable, plural refractory anaemias with excess blasts)

refractory anaemias with excess blasts (plural)
RAEB (alternative)

myelodysplastic syndrome
myelodysplastic syndrome

(medicine) One of the myelodysplastic syndromes, namely having between 5-20% myeloblasts in the bone marrow; by the WHO further subdivided into RAEB-1 and RAEB-2, with 5-9% and 10-19% blasts, respectively.


dyserythropoiesis

dyserythropoieses (plural)
diserythropoiesis (alternative)

/dɪsɪˌɹɪθɹəʊpɔɪˈiːsɪs/

(pathology) An abnormal erythropoiesis, including such phenomena as multinuclearity, nuclear fragmentation, dyshemoglobinization etc.


leukosequestration

Neutropenia in septic animals and humans, may be secondary to enhanced leukosequestration at the site of infection (site of LPS injection in our model) or within the lungs, as an antecedent to sepsis-associated acute lung injury, and is associated with worse outcome.

2015 July 24, Ofer Yanay et al., “Effects of exendin-4, a glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonist, on neutrophil count and inflammatory cytokines in a rat model of endotoxemia”, in Journal of Inflammation Research, volume 8, →DOI:

(pathology) sequestration (accumulation from the environment) of leukocytes


recurarization

Therefore, we will register time until TOF of more than 90 % and the incidence of recurarization.

2015 August 5, Denise P. Veelo et al., “The effect of on-demand vs deep neuromuscular relaxation on rating of surgical and anaesthesiologic conditions in patients undergoing thoracolaparoscopic esophagectomy (DEPTH trial): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial”, in Trials, volume 16, →DOI:


keratoconjunctivitis sicca

Dry eye syndrome
dry eye syndrome#English


dry eye syndrome

(pathology) The condition of having dry eyes, sometimes accompanied by irritation, redness, discharge, and easily fatigued eyes.


KCS

keratoconjunctivitis sicca
keratoconjunctivitis sicca#English

(pathology) Initialism of keratoconjunctivitis sicca.


spongionecrosis

spongionecrosis (usually uncountable, plural spongionecroses)

In patients with devastated bulbous urethra, that is, spongionecrosis, failed fasciocutaneous repairs and a “watering can perineum” repair options are limited by paucity of reliable local tissue suitable for reconstruction.

2015 July 16, Dmitriy Nikolavsky, “Prelaminated Gracilis Flap with Buccal Mucosal Graft for Salvage of Devastated Urethra”, in Case Reports in Urology, volume 2015, →DOI: