acidify

en-verb

acidify (third-person singular simple present acidifies, present participle acidifying, simple past and past participle acidified)

acidifies (present singular third-person)
acidifying (participle present)
acidified (participle past)
acidified (past)

From acid + -ify, from Latin acidus (“sour, acid”); compare French acidifier.

to acidify sugar


acidic

en-adj

acidic (comparative more acidic, superlative most acidic)

more acidic (comparative)
most acidic (superlative)

(chemistry) Having a pH less than 7, or being sour, or having the strength to neutralize alkalis, or turning a litmus paper red.


acid

en-noun

acid (countable and uncountable, plural acids)

→ Welsh: asid

From French acide, from Latin acidus (“sour, acid”), from aceō (“I am sour”). Doublet of agita.

In the end, though, there is one sure way to distinguish a real hippie from his assorted sympathizers: hippies drop acid. That is, real hippies frequently, if irregularly, ingest LSD.

1967, Joe David Brown, editor, The Hippies, New York: Time, Inc, page 171:

lysergic acid diethylamide
lysergic acid diethylamide

(uncountable, slang) LSD, lysergic acid diethylamide.


acidity

acidity (countable and uncountable, plural acidities)

From French acidité, from Latin aciditātem, accusative singular of aciditās (“sourness, acidity”), from acidus (“sour, acid”). Equivalent to acid + -ity.

the acidity of lemon juice

Empty stomachs lead to acidity and leave a sour taste in the mouth.

Sourness; tartness; sharpness to the taste.

(pathology) Excessive acid quality, as in gastric secretions.


aspirin

aspirin (countable and uncountable, plural aspirins)

Genericized trademark of German Aspirin, from acetylierte Spirsäure (literally “acetylated spiraeic acid”). The trade name Aspirin is a registered trademark in some countries, but has entered the English language in generic usage, as various German trademarks were nullified in the United States after World War I (see also heroin).

acetylsalicylic acid
acetylsalicylic acid

(uncountable, organic chemistry, pharmacology) an analgesic drug, acetylsalicylic acid


GABA

[Valium] was followed by many imitators, all sharing the same pharmacological mechanism, which is to enhance the actions of the key inhibitory brain chemical messenger GABA.

2001, Leslie Iversen, Drugs: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford, page 58:

Its action as an inhibitor also distinguishes GABA from the “big three” amines—dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin—which generally stimulate brain circuits.

2003, Samuel H. Barondes, chapter 4, in Better than Prozac, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 54:

gamma-aminobutyric acid
gamma-aminobutyric acid#English

(biochemistry) Acronym of gamma-aminobutyric acid.


sulfuric acid

(American spelling, inorganic chemistry) A transparent, oily liquid, formula H₂SO₄, that is a strong acid with very many industrial applications.


lysine

lysine (countable and uncountable, plural lysines)

From lysis + -ine, in reference to its tendency to participate in catalysis.

Lysine is an essential amino acid required for many body functions, including growth and bone development in children; calcium absorption and maintenance of the correct nitrogen balance in the body; maintenance of lean body mass; production of antibodies, hormones, and enzymes; collagen formation and repair of tissue.

2010, Michael T. Murray, Joseph Pizzorno, The Encyclopedia of Healing Foods, Simon and Schuster, →ISBN, page 65:

essential amino acid
essential amino acid

(biochemistry) An essential amino acid, C₆H₁₄N₂O₂.


niacin

in 1942 derived from nicotinic + acid + vitamin, chosen to dissociate it from nicotine, to avoid the perception that vitamins or niacin-rich food contains nicotine, or that cigarettes contain vitamins.

Mixing the alkali into the recipe in the right way chemically releases the otherwise unavailable niacin in the corn, which stops pellagra in its tracks, and allowed corn-based agricultural populations to grow and spread.

2016, Joseph Henrich, chapter 7, in The Secret of Our Success […] , Princeton: Princeton University Press, →ISBN:

(organic chemistry, biochemistry) A water-soluble vitamin, a component of vitamin B complex, found in meat, yeast, and dairy products; it is essential to metabolism.

E375 when used as a colour retention agent


serine

serine (countable and uncountable, plural serines)

From Latin sericus (“silken”). The compound was first obtained from silk protein, a particularly rich source, in 1865.

nonessential amino acid
nonessential amino acid

(biochemistry) A nonessential amino acid, CH₂OH.CH(NH₂)COOH, found in most animal proteins, notably silk.

絲胺酸

nonessential amino acid; CH2OH.CH(NH2)COOH

丝氨酸 (sī'ānsuān, literally “silk amino acid”)


valine

valine (countable and uncountable, plural valines)

(biochemistry) An essential amino acid 2-amino-3-methylbutanoic acid found in most animal proteins.


nonessential amino acid

nonessential amino acid (plural nonessential amino acids)

(biochemistry) Those of the naturally occurring amino acids that the human body can synthesize for itself, and so need not be provided by dietary protein.

非必需氨基酸

amino acid that the human body can synthesize


essential amino acid

essential amino acid (plural essential amino acids)

(biochemistry) One of the nine naturally occurring amino acids that the human body cannot synthesize, and so must be provided by dietary protein.

aminoàcid essencial

amino acid which is a dietry requirement


amino acid

See amine and acid. Likely a calque of German Aminosäure, which is attested earlier.

(biochemistry) Any organic compound containing both an amino and a carboxylic acid functional group.

حمض أميني

any organic compound containing amino and carboxylic acid

(biochemistry) Any of the twenty naturally occurring α-amino acids (having the amino, and carboxylic acid groups on the same carbon atom), and a variety of side chains, that combine, via peptide bonds, to form proteins.


fatty acid

(organic chemistry, biochemistry) Any of a class of aliphatic carboxylic acids, of general formula CₙH₂ₙ₊₁COOH, that occur combined with glycerol as animal or vegetable oils and fats. Only those with an even number of carbon atoms are normally found in natural fats.


carboxylic acid

carboxylic acid (plural carboxylic acids)

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of organic compounds containing a carboxyl functional group.

حمض كربوكسيليّ

organic compound containing a carboxyl functional group


lactic acid

It was [Roger] Federer's ability to pull him around the court that put the lactic acid and debilitating weight in those legs and he should not have been allowed the luxury of his trainer's help.

2012 June 29, Kevin Mitchell, “Roger Federer back from Wimbledon 2012 brink to beat Julien Benneteau”, in The Guardian, archived from the original on 2016-11-15:

(organic chemistry) 2-hydroxy-propanoic acid (CH₃.CHOH.CO₂H), a syrupy liquid, soluble in water; found in milk, wine and many fruits; used as a food additive and in many industrial applications.


hydracid

(chemistry) An acid that does not contain any oxygen as opposed to an oxyacid; they are all binary compounds of hydrogen and a halogen or pseudohalogen.

idracido

chemistry: an acid that does not contain any oxygen


oxyacid

An acid containing oxygen, as opposed to a hydracid.


Lewis acid

(physical chemistry) Any electrophylic compound that can accept a pair of electrons and form a coordinate covalent bond.


fulminic acid

(chemistry) Iso-cyanic acid, HCNO, an unstable compound which forms explosive salts


histidine

(biochemistry) An essential amino acid C₆H₉N₃O₂ found in most animal proteins; essential for tissue growth and repair.


arachidic acid

(organic chemistry) A long-chain fatty acid, CH₃(CH₂)₁₈COOH, found in groundnut oil

ácido araquídico

a long-chain fatty acid found in groundnut oil


acrylic acid

(organic chemistry) A colorless liquid unsaturated organic acid, CH₂=CHCOOH; used as a monomer in the production of acrylic resins; forms acrylate esters by combination with alcohols.


arachidonic acid

polyunsaturated fatty acid
polyunsaturated fatty acid

(organic chemistry) A long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid, having 20 carbon atoms and four double bonds, found in animal fats; it is essential for human nutrition, being a precursor to the production of prostaglandins.

arakidonihappo

long chain fatty acid precursor to prostaglandins


acetylsalicylic acid

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) The acetate ester of salicylic acid (aspirin)

àcid acetilsalicílic

acetate ester of salicylic acid; aspirin


benzoic acid

(organic chemistry) A white crystalline organic acid, C₆H₅COOH; the simplest aromatic carboxylic acid; used as a food preservative and in many other industrial applications.

àcid benzoic

white crystalline organic acid, C6H5COOH


adipic acid

hexamethylene diamine
hexamethylene diamine

(organic chemistry) A white crystalline dicarboxylic acid, C₄H₈(COOH)₂; it has many industrial applications; when condensed with hexamethylene diamine it produces nylon.


isobutyric acid

(organic chemistry) 2-methyl-propanoic acid, (CH₃)₂CHCOOH, an isomer of butyric acid, that occurs in carob beans and croton oil.


aspartic acid

(biochemistry) A nonessential amino acid, L-α-amino-succinic acid, aminobutanedioic acid, found in animal protein and in sugar beet etc (C₄H₇NO₄).


succinic acid

(organic chemistry) A colourless crystalline dicarboxylic acid, (CH₂COOH)₂, that occurs naturally in amber and is important in the metabolic Krebs cycle.

àcid succínic

colourless crystalline dicarboxylic acid, (CH2COOH)2


ascorbic acid

(biochemistry) A white crystalline organic compound, C₆H₈O₆, found in citrus fruits and many vegetables; it is an antioxidant and an efficient scavenger of free radicals.

àcid ascòrbic

the white crystalline organic compound, C6H8O6


salicylic acid

From translingual Salix (“the willow”), from whose bark it can be obtained.

(organic chemistry) A white crystalline organic acid, 2-hydroxybenzoic acid, C₆>H₄(OH)(COOH), used in the production of aspirin and other industrial chemicals.


carboxylated

en-adj

carboxylated (comparative more carboxylated, superlative most carboxylated)

more carboxylated (comparative)
most carboxylated (superlative)

(organic chemistry) Converted into a carboxylic acid, normally by the oxidation of an alcohol or aldehyde.


acetic acid

(organic chemistry) A clear colourless organic acid, CH₃COOH, formed by the bacterial oxidation of ethanol through acetic fermentation; it is used as a solvent and has very many industrial applications; it is the major acidic component of vinegar.

acetate

coordinate as a base versus an acid, but synonymous in the practical sense that the conjugate base and conjugate acid coexist in solution


caproic acid

From Latin caper (“goat”) because of its smell.

(organic chemistry) A liquid fatty acid, CH₃(CH₂)₄COOH, obtained from animal fats, and used in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals and flavours.


capric acid

(organic chemistry) A fatty acid, CH₃(CH₂)₈COOH, obtained from animal fats, and used in the manufacture of perfumes and flavours.


caprylic acid

(organic chemistry) A fatty acid, CH₃(CH₂)₆COOH, obtained from butter and other animal fats, and used in the manufacture of perfumes and flavours.


cerotic acid

saturated fatty acid
saturated fatty acid

(organic chemistry) A very-long-chain saturated fatty acid, CH₃(CH₂)₂₄COOH, found in beeswax and carnauba wax.


nitric acid

Instantly a little vapour arose from it, as happens when one disturbs nitric acid, and this sight did not increase my hopes, already faint enough, of the efficacy of the treatment.

1886 October – 1887 January, H[enry] Rider Haggard, She: A History of Adventure, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., published 1887, →OCLC:

(inorganic chemistry) A transparent, colorless to pale yellow, fuming corrosive liquid, HNO₃; a highly reactive oxidizing agent used in the production of fertilizers, explosives, and rocket fuels and in a wide variety of industrial processes; once called aqua fortis.


chloric acid

(chemistry) a strong acid, HClO₃, known only in solution and as its chlorate salts; a powerful oxidizing agent


butyric acid

From Ancient Greek βούτυρος (boúturos, “butter”), from which it can be isolated.

der

(organic chemistry) Either of the two isomeric carboxylic acids, normal butyric acid and isobutyric acid, with the chemical formula C₃H₇COOH, occurring in animal milk fat.

(organic chemistry) Solely the straight chain isomer of the above, normal butyric acid or n-butyric acid, CH₃(CH₂)₂COOH, a short chain fatty acid; its glyceride is one of the principle components of the flavour of butter.


conjugate acid

HCl => Cl⁻

H₂SO₄ => HSO₄⁻

NH₄⁺ => NH₃

(chemistry) Any compound, of general formula HXⁿ⁺, which can be transformed into a conjugate base X⁽ⁿ⁻¹⁾⁺ by the loss of a proton.


angelic acid

(organic chemistry) An unsaturated organic acid, CH₃-CH=C(CH₃-COOH), found in angelica and having pharmacological uses; the trans- form is tiglic acid.

ácido angélico

unsaturated organic acid found in angelica


erucic acid

unsaturated fatty acid
unsaturated fatty acid

(organic chemistry) A long-chain unsaturated fatty acid, CH₃(CH₂)₇CH=CH(CH₂)₁₁COOH, found in rapeseed and mustard seed oils; strictly, the cis-isomer of the molecule (the trans-isomer is called brassidic acid).


crotonic acid

(organic chemistry) An unsaturated organic acid, trans--CH₃-CH=CH-COOH, found in croton oil and having many industrial uses; the cis- form is isocrotonic acid.


fumaric acid

en-noun

fumaric acid (countable and uncountable, plural fumaric acids)

(organic chemistry) an unsaturated organic dicarboxylic acid, HOOCCH=CHCOOH, the geometric isomer of maleic acid from which it may be prepared by heating; it is found in many plants, including fungi and mosses, and is essential in the chemistry of respiration; it has a number of industrial applications, and its esters, the fumarates, are used in the treatment of psoriasis


maleic acid

From Latin malum (“apple”). Related to malic acid.

(organic chemistry) an unsaturated organic dicarboxylic acid, cis-butenedioic acid; HOOCCH=CHCOOH, the geometric isomer of fumaric acid; it is found in unripe fruit, and is used industrially in the production of polyester resins


polyunsaturated fatty acid

polyunsaturated fatty acid (plural polyunsaturated fatty acids)

(organic chemistry) A fatty acid, such as arachidonic acid, that contains two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds


polyunsaturated fat

polyunsaturated fat (plural polyunsaturated fats)

(organic chemistry) A fat or oil, almost exclusively from vegetable sources, containing a high proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids.

多元不飽和脂肪

fat or oil containing a high proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids


citric acid

/ˌsɪtɹɪk ˈæsɪd/

(organic chemistry) A colourless crystalline compound, 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, C₆H₈O₇, found in citrus fruit; it is used as a food additive and in the manufacture of citrates.


carbonic acid

Had she lived now, she would have talked of the last delightful lecture on gas, or the charming new treatise on carbonic acid; she would have studied German, and delighted in the society of "talented people."

1837, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […], volume II, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, pages 110–111:

[I]t sank down through the air and poured over the ground in a manner rather liquid than gaseous, abandoning the hills, and streaming into the valleys and ditches and water-courses even as I have heard the carbonic acid gas that pours from volcanic clefts is wont to do.

1898, H.G. Wells, The War of the Worlds, London: William Heinemann, page 144:

(inorganic chemistry) A weak unstable acid, H₂CO₃, known only in solution, and as carbonate salts; it is present in carbonated drinks, and sparkling wine, but decomposes to form carbon dioxide and water.


saturated fatty acid

saturated fatty acid (plural saturated fatty acids)

(organic chemistry) A fatty acid, such as stearic acid, that contains no carbon to carbon double bonds.

饱和脂肪酸

páu-hô chi-hông-sng, páu-hô chí-hông-sng


formic acid

The ant has made himself illustrious / Through constant industry industrious. / So what? / Would you be calm and placid / If you were full of formic acid?

1941, Ogden Nash, “The Ant”, in The Face is Familiar: The Selected Verse of Ogden Nash, reprint edition, Garden City, N.Y.: Garden City Publishing Company, →OCLC, page 224:

(organic chemistry) The simplest carboxylic acid, HCOOH, a colourless, corrosive liquid with a sharp odour systematically known as methanoic acid; it is present in the stings of ants, bees and nettles, and is prepared industrially by the oxidation of methanol or formaldehyde; it has some industrial uses, and its esters, the formates are used in perfumes.


unsaturated fatty acid

unsaturated fatty acid (plural unsaturated fatty acids)

(biochemistry, organic chemistry) A fatty acid, such as oleic acid, that contains at least one carbon to carbon double bond.

不飽和脂肪酸

a fatty acid that contains at least one carbon to carbon double bond

不饱和脂肪酸

put-páu-hô chi-hông-sng, put-páu-hô chí-hông-sng


glyceric acid

(organic chemistry) A colourless syrupy organic compound, CH₂OH.CHOH.COOH, formed by the oxidation of glycerol or glyceraldehyde.


glutaric acid

(organic chemistry) a dicarboxylic acid, HOOC(CH₂)₃COOH, formed during the catabolism of tryptophan


gluconic acid

gluconic acid (countable and uncountable, plural gluconic acids)

(organic chemistry) An organic compound, C₆H₁₂O₇, formed by oxidizing the aldehyde functional group of glucose into a carboxylic acid; used as a food additive; any glucosyl derivative of this compound


glutamic acid

monosodium glutamate
monosodium glutamate

(biochemistry) A nonessential amino acid, α-amino-glutaric acid, occurring widely in animal and plant tissues; the salt, monosodium glutamate is used as a flavour-enhancing seasoning.

àcid glutàmic

the nonessential amino acid (α-amino-glutaric acid)


tryptophan

tryptophan (countable and uncountable, plural tryptophans)

From German Tryptophan, from Ancient Greek φαίνω (phaínō, “to appear”).

der

The quickest way to raise serotonin levels again is to send more tryptophan into the brain, because serotonin is made from tryptophan.

1999, Matt Ridley, Genome, Harper Perennial, published 2004, page 169:

Tryptophan is an amino acid found in many foods, including dairy and turkey, which is one of the reasons commonly given for why so many of us feel so sleepy after our Thanksgiving feasts.

2020 December 10, Anahad O’Connor, “How Foods May Affect Our Sleep”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

(biochemistry) An essential amino acid with an indole side chain; present in many foods, especially chocolate, oats, banana and milk; it is essential for normal growth and development and is the precursor of serotonin and niacin; any specific form of this compound, or any derivative of it.


hyposulfurous acid

(inorganic chemistry) An unstable acid, H₂S₂O₂, only known in solution, used as a reducing agent; its salts are hyposulfites).


thiosulfuric acid

(inorganic chemistry) An unstable acid, H₂S₂O₃, formally derived from sulfuric acid by the substitution of a sulfur atom in the place of an oxygen one; it is known only in solution or as its salts and esters, the thiosulfates.


indoleacetic acid

(organic chemistry, biochemistry) an auxin plant hormone, synthesized in leaves, that stimulates growth, especially in the presence of ethylene


lauric acid

(organic chemistry) A saturated fatty acid, CH₃(CH₂)₁₀COOH, occurring in coconut, palm and laurel oil; mostly used in making cosmetics and soaps


vinegar

en-noun

vinegar (countable and uncountable, plural vinegars)

→ Japanese: ビネガー (binegā)

→ Welsh: finegr

From Middle English vynegre, from Old French vinaigre from Old French vyn egre, based on Latin vīnum (“wine”) + Latin ācer (“sour”). Displaced Old English æċed (survived in Middle English eced).

it is better to be preserved in vinegar than to rot in honey

you attract more flies with honey than vinegar

you can catch more flies with honey than vinegar

you can catch more flies with honey than with vinegar

you catch more flies with honey than vinegar

you catch more flies with honey than with vinegar

You full of vinegar now, but you 'bout through / We gonna get a steam drill to do your share of driving / Then what's all them muscles gonna do? Huh, John Henry? / Gonna take a little bit of vinegar out of you.

1962, “The Legend of John Henry's Hammer”, performed by Johnny Cash:


malonic acid

(organic chemistry) a white crystalline dicarboxylic acid, CH₂(COOH)₂, used in making barbiturates


mucic acid

From Swedish mjölk-socker-syra (milk-sugar-acid).

(organic chemistry) A dicarboxylic acid, HOOC-(CHOH)₄-COOH, produced by the oxidation of the milk sugar galactose, used as a test for the presence of galactose and/or lactose.


malic acid

Malic acid is a crystalline white solid (m.p. 100°C) and is highly soluble in water.[…] Malic acid finds use in a variety of products, mostly in fruit-flavoured carbonates. It is the preferred acidulant in low-calorie drinks and in cider and apple drinks, enhancing flavour and stabilising colour in carbonated and non-carbonated fruit-flavoured drinks.

2008, Dr. David Steen, Philip R. Ashurst, editors, Carbonated Soft Drinks: Formulation and Manufacture, John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN, page 62:

malolactic fermentation
malolactic fermentation

(organic chemistry) A colorless crystalline dicarboxylic acid, hydroxy-malonic acid, found in wine, apples and other fruit; it is converted to lactic acid by malolactic fermentation.


margaric acid

(organic chemistry) A saturated fatty acid, CH₃(CH₂)₁₅COOH, that occurs only in very small amounts in natural oils and fats


metaphosphoric acid

metaphosphoric acid (plural metaphosphoric acids)

(inorganic chemistry) an anhydrous form of phosphoric acid that exists as a polymeric glassy solid, (HPO₃)ₙ; used as a drying agent and in dental cement


linolenic acid

(organic chemistry) An polyunsaturated fatty acid, having 18 carbon atoms and three double bonds, essential for human nutrition; it is found in linseed and other vegetable oils


linoleic acid

(organic chemistry) a polyunsaturated fatty acid, having 18 carbon atoms and two double bonds, essential for human nutrition; it is found in linseed, sunflower and other vegetable oils


methacrylic acid

(organic chemistry) A colourless liquid, an unsaturated organic acid, used in the manufacture of resins and plastics, with the chemical formula CH₂:C(CH₃)COOH.


myristic acid

(organic chemistry) A saturated fatty acid, CH₃(CH₂)₁₂COOH, tetradecanoic acid, found in both animal and vegetable oils and fats; used in the manufacture of soap, cosmetics etc.


nicotinic acid

(organic chemistry, biochemistry) pyridine-3-carboxylic acid; together with nicotinamide is a part of the vitamin B complex


petroselinic acid

(organic chemistry) An unsaturated fatty acid cis-6-octadecenoic acid found in many members of the family Apiaceae (e.g. parsley seed oil); it is a positional isomer of oleic acid, the double bond being in position 6 instead of 9.


folate

(biochemistry, organic chemistry) A salt or ester of folic acid, especially one present in the vitamin B complex.


omega-6 fatty acid

omega-6 fatty acid (plural omega-6 fatty acids)

essential fatty acid
essential fatty acid

(organic chemistry) any polyunsaturated fatty acid having a double bond between the sixth and seventh carbon atoms from the end of the molecule farthest from the carboxylic acid; although they are essential fatty acids, there is evidence that excess levels can cause a number of diseases


omega-3 fatty acid

omega-3 fatty acid (plural omega-3 fatty acids)

Both types of fish are available in cans, but unlike tuna, salmon is loaded with fat — healthy omega-3 fatty acids.

2010, Anthony Marcelus, “Fix Your Fare”, in Reps!, 17:73:

(organic chemistry) Any polyunsaturated fatty acid having a double bond between the third and fourth carbon atoms from the end of the molecule farthest from the carboxylic acid; they are found in green vegetables and in the oils of fish such as salmon and mackerel; they are essential fatty acids, and seem to be beneficial in reducing the risk of heart disease.

ω−3脂肪酸

any polyunsaturated fatty acid having a double bond


essential fatty acid

essential fatty acid (plural essential fatty acids)

(biochemistry, organic chemistry) any fatty acid required for human metabolism that cannot be synthesized by the body and must be present in the diet; originally designated as vitamin F


palmitic acid

From being an acid discovered in saponified palm oils. From French palmite (“pith of the palm tree”) + -ic. From Latin palma (“palm tree”).

der

(organic chemistry) One of the most common saturated fatty acids; it is found in all animal and most vegetable oils and fats; it is used in the manufacture of soap etc.


stearic acid

(organic chemistry) octadecanoic acid; the most common saturated fatty acid; it is found in all animal and most vegetable oils and fats; it is used in the manufacture of soap etc.


folic acid

From Latin folium (“leaf”), from its occurrence in leafy vegetables.

(biochemistry, organic chemistry) A polycyclic heterocyclic carboxylic acid, one of the vitamin B complex, essential for cell growth and reproduction

azido foliko

vitamin B9, a polycyclic heterocyclic carboxylic acid


oleic acid

(organic chemistry) An unsaturated fatty acid, having 18 carbon atoms and one double bond, found in olive oil and very many other vegetable and animal oils and fats; it is used for making soap, cosmetics etc.

олеинова киселина

fatty acid with 18 carbon atoms and one double bond, found in olive oil


galacturonic acid

(organic chemistry) a carboxylic acid derived from galactose by oxidation of the terminal CH₂OH to a COOH; it polymerizes to form pectic acid


pelargonic acid

(organic chemistry) an aliphatic carboxylic acid, CH₃(CH₂)₇COOH, nonanoic acid, used in the manufacture of plastics, pharmaceuticals etc


oxaloacetic acid

(organic chemistry) a colourless crystalline organic carboxylic acid, butan-2-one-1,4-dicarboxylic acid, COOH.CH₂.CO.COOH


oxalic acid

If not sufficiently purified, a little hydrochloric or oxalic acid, or caustic potash may be put in the water, according as the stains are from grease or from ink.

1880, William Blades, The Enemies of Books, page 92:

(organic chemistry) A colourless, crystalline dicarboxylic acid, (COOH)₂, found in rhubarb, spinach and other plants, often as crystals of the calcium salt.

シュウ酸

蓚酸, シュウさん, shūsan


dicarboxylic acid

en-noun

dicarboxylic acid (plural dicarboxylic acids)

(organic chemistry) Any organic compound having two carboxylic acid functional groups.

dikarboksyylihappo

difunctional by having 2 carboxyl groups


phthalic acid

benzenedicarboxylic acid
benzenedicarboxylic acid

(organic chemistry) Any of three isomeric aromatic organic benzenedicarboxylic acids, C₆H₄(COOH)₂; especially the ortho- isomer manufactured from naphthalene, used in the synthesis of dyes, perfumes and other compounds.


propionic acid

From French acide propionique, coined by chemist Jean-Baptiste Dumas, from Ancient Greek πρῶτος (prôtos) ("first") and πίων (píōn) ("fat"), because it was the smallest carboxylic acid that exhibited the properties of the other fatty acids, such as producing an oily layer when salted out of water and having a soapy potassium salt.

(organic chemistry) The compound with the formula CH₃CH₂COOH, a naturally occurring carboxylic acid with a pungent odor.


propanoic acid

An IUPAC systematic name for the chemical originally named propionic acid. The prop- prefix is derived from propionic.

(organic chemistry) The short chain aliphatic carboxylic acid, CH₃CH₂COOH, used as a preservative, and in the manufacture of many chemical compounds.


racemic acid

(organic chemistry) an equal mixture of the d- and l- forms of tartaric acid found in grape juice; the isomers can be separated via crystallization


pyruvic acid

From New Latin acidum pyruvicum, from Ancient Greek πῦρ (pûr, “fire”) + ūva (“grape”) + -icum (neuter singular of -icus), from its being produced by the dry distillation of racemic acid, originally derived from grapes.

(organic chemistry, biochemistry) A yellowish organic keto acid, 2-oxopropanoic acid, which occurs as an intermediate in many metabolic processes, especially glycolysis.


retinoic acid

(organic chemistry, pharmacology, biochemistry) A derivative of vitamin A, used in the treatment of acne; it is essential for bone and tissue development.


isobutylphenyl propionic acid

isobutylphenyl propionic acid (uncountable)

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A substance used as an anti-inflammatory painkiller, often shortened to ibuprofen.


sebacic acid

(organic chemistry) an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, (CH₂)₈(COOH)₂, originally prepared from tallow; it is used in the manufacture of resins, plasticizers and polyester rubbers


suberic acid

(organic chemistry) an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, (CH₂)₆(COOH)₂, obtained from cork; used in the manufacture of plastics


ricinoleic acid

From translingual Ricin(us) + oleic acid.

(organic chemistry) A crystalline unsaturated hydroxy fatty acid C₁₈H₃₄O₃ that yields esters important as plasticizers and whose glyceride (ricinolein) is the main component of castor oil.


ibuprofen

ibuprofen (countable and uncountable, plural ibuprofens)

From i(so)bu(tyl) + pro(pionic acid) + phen(yl).

af

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A synthetic compound used widely as an analgesic and anti-inflammatory drug.


tartaric acid

en-noun

tartaric acid (countable and uncountable, plural tartaric acids)

From Medieval Latin tartarum (“tartar”).

(biochemistry, organic chemistry) The aldaric acid, 2,3 dihydroxy-succinic acid, that occurs naturally in many plants, in wine and in tamarind; it is used as the salts cream of tartar and Rochelle salt.

àcid tartàric

the aldaric acid, 2,3 dihydroxy-succinic acid, that occurs naturally in many plants, in wine and in tamarind


toluic acid

(organic chemistry) Any of the three isomers ortho-, meta- and para- methylbenzoic acid, derived from toluene.


valeric acid

(organic chemistry) A short chain aliphatic carboxylic acid, CH₃(CH₂)₃COOH, obtained from the roots of valerian; used in perfume, flavourings, pharmaceuticals


trans fatty acid

trans fatty acid (plural trans fatty acids)

Recently, however, scientists have found that trans fatty acids produced by hydrogenation actually raise blood cholesterol levels.

2004, Harold McGee, chapter 1, in On Food and Cooking: The Science and Lore of the Kitchen, Scribner, →ISBN:

(organic chemistry) An unsaturated fatty acid in which one or more of the double bonds has the trans orientation instead of the usual cis orientation.


uric acid

(biochemistry, organic chemistry) a bicyclic heterocyclic phenolic compound, formed in the body by the metabolism of protein and excreted in the urine (or in faeces, as in birds and insects)


acid rain

acid rain (countable and uncountable, plural acid rains)

Coined in 1872 by Scottish chemist Robert Angus Smith.

Acid rain forms when water in the atmosphere condenses on particles containing acid-forming pollutants, such as sulfate produced by the burning of fossil fuels and nitrogen oxides from automobile exhausts.

1987 January 20, “Airborne Pollutants”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

Rain which is unusually acidic (pH of less than the natural range of 5 to 6); caused mainly by atmospheric pollution with sulphur dioxide, carbon dioxide and nitrogen compounds.


EPA

eicosapentaenoic acid
eicosapentaenoic acid#English

(organic chemistry) Initialism of eicosapentaenoic acid.


AHA

AHA (countable and uncountable, plural AHAs)

alpha-hydroxy acid
alpha-hydroxy acid#English

(organic chemistry) Initialism of alpha-hydroxy acid.


DHA

docosahexaenoic acid
docosahexaenoic acid#English

(organic chemistry) Acronym of docosahexaenoic acid.


TCA

TCA (countable and uncountable, plural TCAs)

tricarboxylic acid
tricarboxylic acid#English

(organic chemistry) Initialism of tricarboxylic acid.


DPA

DPA (countable and uncountable, plural DPAs)

docosapentaenoic acid
docosapentaenoic acid#English

(organic chemistry) Initialism of docosapentaenoic acid.


aspargine

aspargine (countable and uncountable, plural aspargines)

(biochemistry) Alternative form of asparagine.


isoleucine

isoleucine (countable and uncountable, plural isoleucines)

(biochemistry) An essential amino acid, C₆H₁₃NO₂, isomeric with leucine, found in most animal proteins.


leucine

leucine (countable and uncountable, plural leucines)

Derived from Ancient Greek λευκός (leukós, “white”) + -ine.

(biochemistry) An essential amino acid, C₆H₁₃NO₂, isomeric with isoleucine, found in most animal proteins; it is essential for growth in children.


phenylalanine

phenylalanine (countable and uncountable, plural phenylalanines)

(biochemistry) An essential amino acid C₉H₁₁NO₂ found in most animal proteins; it is essential for growth; the inability to metabolize it leads to phenylketonuria; it is a constituent of aspartame.


threonine

threonine (countable and uncountable, plural threonines)

(biochemistry) An essential amino acid C₄H₉NO₃ found in most animal proteins.


glutamine

glutamine (countable and uncountable, plural glutamines)

(biochemistry) A nonessential amino acid C₅H₁₀N₂O₃ found in most animal and plant proteins.


proline

proline (countable and uncountable, plural prolines)

(biochemistry) A nonessential amino acid C₅H₉NO₂ found in most animal proteins, especially collagen; its cyclic structure leads to kinks in the peptide chain of proteins.


methionine

methionine (countable and uncountable, plural methionines)

/mɪˈθʌɪəniːn/

/mɪˈθʌɪənɪn/

/mɛˈθaɪəˌniːn/

The purpose was to make soya beans more healthy for those for whom they are a staple food by correcting soya beans' natural deficiency in a chemical called methionine.

1999, Matt Ridley, Genome, Harper Perennial, published 2004, page 253:

(biochemistry, organic chemistry) A lipotropic, sulphur-containing essential amino acid, C₅H₁₁NO₂S, found in most protein.


cysteine

cysteine (countable and uncountable, plural cysteines)

(biochemistry) A sulphur-containing nonessential amino acid C₃H₇NO₂S found in most animal proteins; it readily oxidizes to cystine.

Cys when viewed as a monomer in proteins


arginine

arginine (countable and uncountable, plural arginines)

/ˈɑːdʒɪniːn/

From German Arginin, from Ancient Greek ἄργυρος (árguros, “silver”) and ἀργινόεις (arginóeis, “silvery, brightly shining”) in reference to arginine nitrate crystals' silver-white appearance when first refined from lupin seedlings by Ernst Schulze and Ernst Steiger in 1886.

der

Since arginine is a normal component and plays an important role in the glucose transport mechanism, arginates can easily serve as acceptors for glucose.

2010, Hans Nieper, The Curious Man: The Life and Works of Dr. Hans Nieper, page 67:

An amino acid found in animal foods that plays an important role in several physiological processes.


tyrosine

en-noun

tyrosine (countable and uncountable, plural tyrosines)

From Ancient Greek τῡρός (tūrós, “cheese”) + -ine; surface analysis is nearly, although not quite, tyro- + -ine (i.e., semantically valid although morphologically amiss; tyro- itself is derived from Ancient Greek τῡρός (tūrós, “cheese”)).

(biochemistry) A nonessential amino acid 2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid found in most animal proteins, especially casein


glycine

glycine (countable and uncountable, plural glycines)

Ancient Greek γλυκύς (glukús, “sweet”) + -ine

(biochemistry) A nonessential amino acid, amino-acetic acid, C₂H₅NO₂ found in most proteins but especially in sugar cane; the simplest amino acid.


alanine

alanine (countable and uncountable, plural alanines)

From aldehyde + -anine in reference to aldehyde, with the infix -an- for ease of pronunciation, when the German chemist Adolph Strecker first synthesized alanine in 1850 by mixing acetaldehyde (then just known as aldehyde) with ammonia, hydrogen cyanide, and hydrochloric acid.

Potatoes can be a good source of alanine.

(biochemistry, uncountable) A nonessential amino acid 2-aminopropanoic acid found in most animal proteins


sorbic acid

Latin sorbum (“the rowan or serviceberry”).

uder

(organic chemistry) an unsaturated aliphatic carboxylic acid, CH₃.CH:CH.CH:CH.COOH, found in Rowan berries, and used as a preservative


aqua regia

/ˈɑː.kwə ˈɹeɪ.ɡi.ə/

/ˌækwə ˈɹiː.ʒə/

ăʹkwə-rēʹjē-ə

Borrowed from Latin aqua regia (literally “royal water”), so named because it is one of the few solvents capable of dissolving noble metals.

bor+

Consider another example. If gold is placed in aqua regia then it dissolves. Aqua regia is a mixture of nitric and hydrochloric acids that dissolves gold or platinum. Observation of gold dissolving in aqua regia (argument 1 1) lends credence to the above conditional statement.
Not placing the gold into aqua regia and gold not dissolving (argument 0 0) does not disprove the truth-value of this conditional.

2005, D.J. Krus, Elements of Propositional Calculus:

(inorganic chemistry, archaic) A mixture of three parts concentrated hydrochloric acid to one part concentrated nitric acid, named for its ability to dissolve gold.


cyanocarbon acid

en-noun

cyanocarbon acid (plural cyanocarbon acids)

(organic chemistry) a class of strong organic acids, only known as their salts in which the negative charge is stabilized by resonance.


shikimic acid

(organic chemistry) A naturally occurring organic compound, 3,4,5-trihydroxy-1-cyclohexene-1-carboxylic acid, extracted commercially from star anise; it is the base of very many natural products and is used in the production of the antiviral drug Tamiflu.


humic acid

(organic chemistry, biochemistry) a complex mixture of organic acids produced by the decomposition of vegetable matter.


trans fat

coronary heart disease
coronary heart disease

(organic chemistry) An unsaturated fat with carbon-carbon double bonds in the trans configuration, especially one prepared by partial hydrogenation, associated with an elevated risk of coronary heart disease.

反式脂肪

unsaturated fat with bonds in the trans configuration


heptanoic acid

(organic chemistry) the aliphatic carboxylic acid having seven carbon atoms, CH₃(CH₂)₅COOH; enanthic acid


carminic acid

(organic chemistry) a phenolic quinone that is the main constituent of cochineal


alpha-hydroxy acid

alpha-hydroxy acid (plural alpha-hydroxy acids)

alpha-hydroxy acids (plural)
AHA (abbreviation)

(organic chemistry) Any hydroxy acid, of general formula RCH(OH)COOH, used in the cosmetic industry for their supposed property of reducing wrinkles.


glycolic acid

(organic chemistry) the simplest alpha-hydroxy acid, hydroxy-acetic acid, found in sugar cane and unripe grapes; used in cosmetics etc


hydroxy acid

(organic chemistry) a carboxylic acid that also contains a hydroxy group


betanin

betanin (countable and uncountable, plural betanins)

(organic chemistry) A glycoside obtained from beetroot.

betanin

the glycoside also known as beetroot red


polychromatic acid

(chemistry) A substance obtained by the action of nitric acid on aloes.


niobic acid

(inorganic chemistry) the hypothetical acid HNbO₃ derived from niobic oxide Nb₂O₅, only known as its salts, the niobates


citraconic acid

(organic chemistry) one of the isomeric dicarboxylic acids produced by the distillation of citric acid, or as metabolites by microorganisms, cis-CH₃-C(CO₂H)=CHCO₂H; the trans-isomer is mesaconic acid


itaconic acid

(organic chemistry) One of the isomeric dicarboxylic acids produced by the distillation of citric acid, or as metabolites by microorganisms, CH₂=C(CO₂H)-CH₂CO₂H.


mesaconic acid

(organic chemistry) one of the isomeric dicarboxylic acids produced by the distillation of citric acid, or as metabolites by microorganisms, trans-CH₃-C(CO₂H)=CHCO₂H; the cis-isomer is citraconic acid


pyroligneous acid

destructive distillation
destructive distillation

(organic chemistry) A dark liquid, produced by destructive distillation of wood; containing acetic acid, methanol, oils and tars; once used as a commercial source of acetic acid.


pyromalic acid

(obsolete, organic chemistry) Maleic acid.


chlorous acid

(inorganic chemistry) an unstable acid, HClO₂, known only in solution or as its salts, the chlorites; it is a strong oxidizing agent


chlorane

(inorganic chemistry) The hydride of chlorine, hydrogen chloride, HCl


aldaric acid

(organic chemistry) Any of a group of polyhydroxy dicarboxylic acids derived from an aldose by oxidation at both terminal carbon atoms.


aldonic acid

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of polyhydroxy carboxylic acids derived from an aldose by oxidation of the aldehyde functional group.

ácido aldônico

any of a class of polyhydroxy carboxylic acids


gallic acid

trihydroxybenzoic acid
trihydroxybenzoic acid

(organic chemistry) a phenolic carboxylic acid, 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid, found in galls, tea, the bark of some trees etc; a constituent of tannin

(inorganic chemistry) the supposed acid H₃GaO₃, the acid form of the amphoteric gallium hydroxide Ga(OH)₃, known only as alkali metal salts


azonic acid

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of organic compounds of general formula RN⁺(O⁻)(OH)₂


Brønsted acid

From Johannes Nicolaus Brønsted, Danish physical chemist.

Any molecular entity capable of donating a proton to a base.


fluorescein

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of yellow xanthene dyes which are visible when highly diluted; used forensically to detect traces of blood, and in analytical chemistry as an indicator in silver nitrate titrations

fluorescéine

any of a class of yellow xanthene dyes which are visible when highly diluted


glycaric acid

(obsolete, organic chemistry) any aldaric acid


glyco-amino-acid

(biochemistry) any glycoside of an amino acid (linked via O-, N- or S-)


uronic acid

(organic chemistry) Any carboxylic acid formed by oxidation of the terminal -CH₂OH of an aldose


mucopolysaccharide

(organic chemistry) Any polysaccharide consisting of alternating units of uronic acids and glycosamines, sometimes esterified with sulfuric acid.


prostanoic acid

(organic chemistry) a C₂₀ fatty acid, containing a cyclopentane ring, that is the basis of the prostaglandins


stearate

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of stearic acid.


oxamic acid

oxamic acid (countable and uncountable, plural oxamic acids)

(organic chemistry) The monoamide of oxalic acid H₂NC(=O)C(=O)OH; any derivative of this compound


sulfinic acid

(inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry) The compound HS(=O)OH, and any of its S-hydrocarbyl derivatives


ulosonic acid

ulosonic acid (countable and uncountable, plural ulosonic acids)


ketoaldonic acid

ketoaldonic acid (plural ketoaldonic acids)

(organic chemistry) any monosaccharide, having both a keto group and a carboxylic acid group, that is in equilibrium with a hemiacetal structure


GHB

(organic chemistry, biochemistry, pharmacology) Initialism of gamma-hydroxybutyrate, often used as a date rape drug.


cystine

cystine (countable and uncountable, plural cystines)

From Ancient Greek κύστις (kústis, “bladder”), where it was found.

uder

nonessential amino acid
nonessential amino acid

(biochemistry) A nonessential amino acid formed by the oxidation of cysteine; it contains two cysteine residues linked by a disulfide bond.


hydroxybutyric acid

en-noun

hydroxybutyric acid (plural hydroxybutyric acids)

alphahydroxybutyric acid - 2-hydroxy-butanoic acid

betahydroxybutyric acid - 3-hydroxy-butanoic acid

gammahydroxybutyric acid - 4-hydroxy-butanoic acid

2-hydroxy, 2-methylpropanoic acid

3-hydroxy, 2-methylpropanoic acid

(organic chemistry) Either of the isomeric compounds formed from a butyric acid by substituting a hydrogen atom with a hydroxyl group


vitamin A acid

(organic chemistry, pharmacology, biochemistry) Synonym of retinoic acid


vitamin B3

(organic chemistry, biochemistry) niacin


furosemide

furosemide (countable and uncountable, plural furosemides)

Probably from fur(yl) + -o- + -semide (“alteration of s(ulfon)amide”).

af

congestive heart failure
congestive heart failure

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A diuretic (trademark Lasix) used in the treatment of congestive heart failure and edema.


dithionous acid

(inorganic chemistry) the unstable acid H₂S₂O₄, known only as its derivatives, the dithionites


acid of apples

(obsolete, organic chemistry) malic acid


acid of milk

(obsolete, organic chemistry) lactic acid


acid of sugar

If you distil the nitrous acid on silk, wool, hairs, or skin, you obtain a certain quantity of animal oil, different from that which forms fat, and a portion of acid similar to the acid of sugar […]

1784 July 5, “History of the Royal Academy of Sciences, for the year 1780”, in A New Review, volume 6, page 57:

This is not all: who would suspect under the specious guise of “acid of sugar,” an envenomed drug?

1828, John Murray, A Manual of Experiments illustrative of Chemical Science, page 4:

It exists plentifully in several well-known plants, as the beautiful Wood-sorrel; but, obtainable from saccharine matter by a chemical process, it has acquired the vulgar name of Acid of Sugar.

1829, Shirley Palmer, Popular illustrations of medicine, page 101:

(obsolete, organic chemistry) oxalic acid


auric acid

(inorganic chemistry) The compound, HAuO₂, formed from the hydrated oxide Au(OH)₃ as a brown powder


octadecanoic acid

(organic chemistry) Synonym of stearic acid


Lasix

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A brand of the drug furosemide.


frusemide

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) Former BAN name of the drug furosemide.


resin acid

(organic chemistry) Any of many terpenoid acids produced by the resin ducts of conifers.


abietic acid

From Latin abiet, abies (“silver fir”) + English -ic (“having the character of”), + acid.

(organic chemistry) A yellowish resin acid isolated from rosin and used in varnishes and esters for plasticizers; C₁₉H₂₉COOH

abiëtinezuur

a yellowish resin acid isolated from rosin and used in varnishes


amygdalic acid

(obsolete, organic chemistry) mandelic acid


mandelic acid

(organic chemistry) 2-phenyl-2-hydroxyacetic acid, C₆H₅CH(OH)COOH; originally extracted from bitter almonds, it has antibacterial and bacteriostatic properties.


abscisic acid

(biochemistry) A terpenoid best known as a plant hormone that inhibits seed germination and was once thought to be important in abscission.


crocetin

en-noun

crocetin (countable and uncountable, plural crocetins)

(organic chemistry) A natural carotenoid dicarboxylic acid that is found in the crocus flower.


all-trans retinoic acid

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) Tretinoin.


tretinoin

tretinoin (usually uncountable, plural tretinoins)

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) The all-trans isomer of retinoic acid that is applied to the skin to treat severe acne and reduce facial wrinkles, roughness, and pigmented spots.


ATRA

all-trans retinoic acid
all-trans retinoic acid#English

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) Initialism of all-trans retinoic acid.


beta-amino acid

beta-amino acid (plural beta-amino acids)

(biochemistry) Any amino acid that has the amino and carboxylic functional groups attached to adjacent carbon atoms; beta-alanine is the only one that occurs in nature, but not in peptides or proteins.


alpha-amino acid

alpha-amino acid (plural alpha-amino acids)

(biochemistry) Any amino acid that has the amino and carboxylic functional groups attached to the same carbon atom; especially those amino acids that occur naturally as peptides and proteins.

alfa-aminoácido

any amino acid that has the amino and carboxylic functional groups attached to the same carbon atom


asparagine

From French asparagine, from Latin asparagus + French -ine. By surface analysis, asparagus + -ine.

(biochemistry) A nonessential amino acid C₄H₈N₂O₃ found in plants such as asparagus.


polyacrylic acid

polyacrylic acid (plural polyacrylic acids)

(organic chemistry) Any polymer of acrylic acid


polyacrylate

(organic chemistry) Any polymer of acrylic acid or its esters or salts

(organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of polyacrylic acid


10-undecenoic acid

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) The common name for undecylenic acid.


undecylenic acid

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) An organic unsaturated fatty acid derived from natural castor oil (ricinoleic acid). It has fungicidal properties and is used in the treatment of skin disorders, nail fungus etc.


neuraminic acid

(organic chemistry) A 9-carbon atom amino carbohydrate, 5-amino-3,5-dideoxy- D-glycero-D-galacto-non-2-ulosonic acid, many of whose derivatives are found in nature, mostly as glycoproteins and gangliosides


sialic acid

sialic acid (countable and uncountable, plural sialic acids)

1987, The FASEB Journal, Volume 1, Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, page 231,
We have previously shown that the study of O-acetyl esters on the sialic acids is fraught with difficulties.

Intralysosomal accumulation of free sialic acid both in vivo and in vitro in Salla disease is due to a defect of the transport mechanism of sialic acid in lysosomal membranes [Renlund et al, 1983b, 1986a, b; Mancini et al 1986].

1987, American Journal of Medical Genetics, Volume 28, page 383:

1997, International Journal of Oncology, Volume 10, Issue 4, Lychnia, page 761,
Figure 3. Relationship between the disease-free survival rate and sialic acid expression in 100 breast cancer patients following curative surgery.

(organic chemistry, biochemistry) Any of a group of amino carbohydrates that are substituted forms of neuraminic acid and can be components of glycoproteins and mucoproteins.


gamma-hydroxybutyric acid

gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (plural gamma-hydroxybutyric acids)

gamma-hydroxybutyric acids (plural)
as: GHB (abbreviation)

(organic chemistry, biochemistry, pharmacology) A naturally-occurring biochemical of uncertain function; sometimes used as a recreational drug


methanoic acid

(organic chemistry) The simplest carboxylic acid, HCOOH, a colorless, corrosive liquid with a sharp odor; it is present in the stings of ants, bees and nettles, and is prepared industrially by oxidation of methanol or formaldehyde; it has some industrial uses, and its esters, the methanoates, are used in perfumes.


Brønsted-Lowry acid

Brønsted-Lowry acid (plural Brønsted-Lowry acids)

Any chemical species that acts as a donor of protons


Bronsted-Lowry acid

Bronsted-Lowry acid (plural Bronsted-Lowry acids)

Brønsted-Lowry acid
Brønsted-Lowry acid#English

Alternative spelling of Brønsted-Lowry acid


aristolochic acid

(organic chemistry) A carboxylic acid derived from phenanthrene extracted from plants of the family Aristolochiaceae; though sometimes used as a herbal remedy, it is a rodent carcinogen and can cause endemic nephropathy in humans.

ácido aristolóquico

carboxylic acid extracted from plants of the family Aristolochiaceae


2-methyl-2-propenoic acid

(organic chemistry) The IUPAC name for methacrylic acid.


leukotriene

From leuko- + triene, coined by Swedish biochemist Bengt I. Samuelsson.

(organic chemistry) Any of several physiologically active lipids, related to the prostaglandins, that participate in allergic responses.

白三烯

any of several physiologically active lipids


jasmonic acid

(organic chemistry, biochemistry) An oxylipin lipid, containing a cyclopentanone ring, related to the prostaglandins; its esters, the jasmonates, are responsible for the smell of jasmine and act as plant hormones


dopa

(biochemistry) The amino acid dihydroxyphenylalanine that is generated in the liver from tyrosine and then converted into dopamine in the brain.


gamma-aminobutyric acid

(biochemistry) An amino acid found in the nervous systems of vertebrates and acting as an inhibitory neurotransmitter. Abbreviated as GABA.


ellagic acid

(organic chemistry) A polyphenol antioxidant found in many fruits and vegetables including raspberries, strawberries, cranberries, walnuts, pecans, pomegranates and other plant foods.


selenocysteine

selenocysteine (countable and uncountable, plural selenocysteines)

(biochemistry) A naturally-occurring amino acid, present in several enzymes, whose structure is that of cysteine but with the sulfur atom replaced by one of selenium


DCA

dichloroacetic acid
dichloroacetic acid#English

(organic chemistry) Initialism of dichloroacetic acid.


glyphosate

glyphosate (countable and uncountable, plural glyphosates)

Two-thirds of Europeans support a ban on glyphosate, the most widely used agricultural chemical in the world’s history, according to a new Yougov poll.

2016 April 11, Arthur Neslen, “Two-thirds of Europeans support ban on glyphosate - poll”, in The Guardian:

France led the opposition to allowing the use of glyphosate, the main ingredient in Monsanto’s Roundup and in weed killers made by other companies.

2017 November 27, Danny Hakim, “Glyphosate, Top-Selling Weed Killer, Wins E.U. Approval for 5 Years”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

(organic chemistry) N-phosphonomethyl glycine, the active ingredient of several herbicides that inhibit a plant growth enzyme.


quinic acid

quinic acid (countable and uncountable, plural quinic acids)

From Spanish quina "cinchona bark" (from which it is obtained), from Quechua kina.

(organic chemistry) A white crystalline acid, tetrahydroxy-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, obtained from cinchona bark, coffee beans and yerba mate; used as an astringent, and in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals


furoic acid

(organic chemistry) A heterocyclic carboxylic acid, furan-2-carboxylic acid, obtained by the oxidation of furfural.


terephthalic acid

(organic chemistry) An aromatic dicarboxylic acid, benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid, used in the manufacture of polyesters


beetroot red

(organic chemistry) A glycoside obtained from beets and used as a food dye, also known as betanin and E162.


formyl methionine

(organic chemistry) The formylated form of the amino acid methionine; it initiates peptide synthesis in bacteria


thyronine

thyronine (countable and uncountable, plural thyronines)

(biochemistry) A phenolic amino acid that occurs naturally only in the iodinated form of thyroxine


ornithine

ornithine (countable and uncountable, plural ornithines)

(biochemistry, organic chemistry) An amino acid, 2,5-diaminopentanoic acid, that is not present in protein, but is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of urea.


vaccenic acid

unsaturated fatty acid
unsaturated fatty acid

(organic chemistry) the unsaturated fatty acid octadec-11-enoic acid found in the fat of dairy products


homocysteine

homocysteine (countable and uncountable, plural homocysteines)

1989, L. A. Smolin, N. A. Benevenga, Chapter 8: Methionine, Homocyst(e)ine, Cysteine—Metabolic Interrelationships, Mendel Friedman, Absorption and Utilization of Amino Acids, Volume 1, CRC Press, page 170,
One possible explanation for the low plasma cystine in homocystinuric patients who are given sufficient dietary cystine is the high plasma concentration of the cysteine-homocysteine mixed disulfide.

2000, Donald W. Jacobsen, 3. Biochemistry and Metabolism, Killian Robinson (editor), Homocysteine and Vascular Disease, Kluwer Academic, page 15,
Homocysteine, a metabolite of the methionine cycle, is a strong independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease.

2017, Himadri Panda, Handbook on Small & Medium Scale Industries (Biotechnology Products), Asia Pacific Business Press, page 224,
The amino acids produced from L-methionine and substituted thiols were identified as the corresponding S-substituted homocysteines, e.g., 2-mercaptoethanol and cysteamine produced S-(β-hydroxyethyl) homocysteine and S-(β-aminoethyl) homocysteine, respectively.

(biochemistry) An amino acid which is monitored in the blood to estimate risk of cardiovascular disease.


acetoacetic acid

(organic chemistry) The ketonic carboxylic acid CH₃-CO-CH₂-COOH, that is present in the urine of people suffering from starvation or some forms of diabetes.


anisic acid

(organic chemistry) Any of three isomeric aromatic carboxylic acid methoxybenzoic acid found in anise; they are mildly antiseptic


anthranilic acid

(biochemistry) The aromatic amino acid 2-aminobenzoic acid that has biological activity, and is used in organic synthesis.

antraniilihappo

the aromatic amino acid 2-aminobenzoic acid


azelaic acid

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) An aliphatic dicarboxylic acid found in many cereals; it has an antibacterial action and is used in skin creams etc; HOOC(CH₂)₇COOH.


bromoacetic acid

(organic chemistry) The brominated derivative of acetic acid CH₂Br-COOH that is used in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals etc.


butanoic acid

(organic chemistry) The chemical compound with the formula CH₃(CH₂)₂COOH, a short chain fatty acid; its glyceride is one of the principle components of the flavor of butter.


chloroacetic acid

(organic chemistry) The chlorinated derivative of acetic acid CH₂Cl-COOH that is used in organic synthesis


alvimopan

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A particular narcotic painkiller.


adapalene

Probably from ada(mantyl) + p(henyl) + (naphth)alene.

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A retinoid C₂₈H₂₈O₃ applied topically to the skin in the treatment of acne vulgaris. It is marketed under the trademark Differin and when used in combination with benzoyl peroxide, under the trademark Epiduo.


cinnamic acid

(organic chemistry) The aromatic carboxylic acid C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH obtained from cinnamon; it is used in perfumery etc

肉桂酸

aromatic carboxylic acid obtained from cinnamon


glyoxylic acid

(organic chemistry) The aldehyde acid CHO-COOH found in unripe fruit, and as a component of the glyoxylate cycle


isocitric acid

(organic chemistry) An isomer of citric acid that is involved in the citric acid cycle


isophthalic acid

(organic chemistry) The isomer of phthalic acid benzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid used in the synthesis of polymers.


pivalic acid

(organic chemistry) The aliphatic carboxylic acid 2,2-dimethylpropanoic acid


trichloroacetic acid

(organic chemistry) The chlorinated derivative of acetic acid CCl₃-COOH used as a herbicide and topical antiseptic


toluenesulfonic acid

toluenesulfonic acid (plural toluenesulfonic acids)

(organic chemistry) Any of three isomeric sulfonic acids derived from toluene, but especially p-toluenesulfonic acid known as tosyl acid that has many industrial uses


aldotrionic acid

aldotrionic acid (plural aldotrionic acids)

(organic chemistry) Any aldonic acid having three carbon atoms in its chain


aldohexonic acid

aldohexonic acid (plural aldohexonic acids)

(organic chemistry) Any aldonic acid having six carbon atoms in its chain


aldoheptonic acid

aldoheptonic acid (plural aldoheptonic acids)

(organic chemistry) Any aldonic acid having seven carbon atoms in its chain


aldopentonic acid

aldopentonic acid (plural aldopentonic acids)

(organic chemistry) Any aldonic acid having five carbon atoms in its chain


aldotetronic acid

aldotetronic acid (plural aldotetronic acids)

(organic chemistry) Any aldonic acid having four carbon atoms in its chain


allomucic acid

(organic chemistry) An isomer of mucic acid.


erythraric acid

(biochemistry, organic chemistry) mesotartaric acid


saccharic acid

(organic chemistry) The aldaric acid derived from glucose


iduronic acid

(organic chemistry) A uronic acid that is a component of the glycosaminoglycan heparin


glucuronic acid

(organic chemistry) A uronic acid derived from glucose.


monocarboxylic

(organic chemistry) Having a single carboxyl or carboxylic acid group


polyuronide

(organic chemistry) Any polysaccharide consisting of uronic acid residues, with or without other monosaccharides.


acetylneuraminic acid

acetylneuraminic acid (plural acetylneuraminic acids)


undecanoic acid

saturated fatty acid
saturated fatty acid

(organic chemistry) The saturated fatty acid having 11 carbon atoms - CH₃(CH₂)₉COOH


nervonic acid

(organic chemistry) The unsaturated fatty acid tetracosa-9-enoic acid that is a constituent of cerebrosides such as nervon


palmitoleic acid

(organic chemistry) An unsaturated fatty acid, having 16 carbon atoms and one double bond, found in the adipose tissue of all animals.


nedocromil

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A medication used to prevent wheezing, shortness of breath, and other breathing problems caused by asthma.


creatine

creatine (countable and uncountable, plural creatines)

From Ancient Greek κρέας (kréas, “meat”).

(biochemistry) An amino acid, 2-(carbamimidoyl-methyl- amino)acetic acid, which naturally occurs in vertebrates and helps to supply energy to muscle and nerve cells.


acetolactic acid

acetolactic acid (countable and uncountable, plural acetolactic acids)

(organic chemistry) The acetylated derivative of lactic acid 2-acetoxy-propanoic acid


hippuric acid

From hipp- + -uria + -ic + acid, named for the horse (as an archetype of the quadruped herbivores) by Justus von Liebig in 1829.

(organic chemistry) A benzoyl derivative of glycine; it occurs in urine, especially that of herbivores. Its potential as a biomarker in humans is being studied.


dicamba

(organic chemistry) The herbicide 3,6-Dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid used to control weeds in cereal crops


ISA

ISA (countable and uncountable, plural ISAs)

isosaccharinic acid
isosaccharinic acid#English

(organic chemistry) Initialism of isosaccharinic acid.


alkanoic acid

(organic chemistry) Any aliphatic carboxylic acid.


behenic acid

(organic chemistry) A fatty acid, docosanoic acid, having twenty-two carbon atoms.


brassidic acid

(organic chemistry) The fatty acid trans docos-13-enoic acid that is the trans- isomer of erucic acid


clupanodonic acid

(organic chemistry) The polyunsaturated fatty acid all-cis-docosa-7,10,13,16,19-pentaenoic acid found in fish oil


gadoleic acid

(organic chemistry) The unsaturated fatty acid cis-icos-9-enoic acid related to oleic acid but having 20 carbon atoms; it is found in fish and vegetable oils


gondoic acid

(organic chemistry) The unsaturated fatty acid cis-icos-11-enoic acid (an isomer of gadoleic acid) present in fish and vegetable oils


malvalic acid

(organic chemistry) The cyclopropene fatty acid 7-(2-octyl-1-cyclopropenyl)heptanoic acid found in some seed oils, often with sterculic acid


myristoleic acid

(organic chemistry) The unsaturated fatty acid cis-tetradec-9-enoic acid


lignoceric acid

(organic chemistry) The saturated fatty acid n-tetracosanoic acid, having twenty-four carbon atoms; it is found in wood tar


phytanic acid

(organic chemistry) The fatty acid (7R,11R)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadecanoic acid derived from chlorophyll via the related phytol


punicic acid

polyunsaturated fatty acid
polyunsaturated fatty acid

(organic chemistry) The polyunsaturated fatty acid 9Z,11E,13Z-octadeca-9,11,13-trienoic acid found in pomegranate seed oil


sterculic acid

(organic chemistry) the cyclopropene fatty acid 8-(2-octylcyclopropenyl)octanoic acid found in some tropical vegetable oils


stearidonic acid

(organic chemistry) The polyunsaturated fatty acid all-cis-octadeca-6,9,12,15-tetraenoic acid


coumaric acid

(organic chemistry) Any of three isomeric aromatic carboxylic acids, 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoic acid, found in many plants


naproxen

These days, especially when she kept on top of taking her naproxen, the hurt in her joints and limbs merely teased.

2021, Rivers Solomon, Sorrowland, #Merky Books, page 200:

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A certain non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that inhibits the COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes and thereby reduces pain, fever, inflammation, and stiffness.


leucovorin

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A particular drug used in cancer treatment.


folinic acid

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A particular drug used in chemotherapy for cancer.


hexuronic acid

(organic chemistry) Any uronic acid, such as ascorbic acid, derived from a hexose


pravastatin

From pra- (of unknown origin) + -vastatin (“HMG CoA reductase inhibitor”).

af

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A statin used to lower blood cholesterol levels, especially after a heart attack.


hydroxyproline

en-noun

hydroxyproline (countable and uncountable, plural hydroxyprolines)

(biochemistry) A hydroxy derivative of the amino acid proline found in the structural proteins of connective tissue


phenylacetic acid

(organic chemistry, biochemistry) The carboxylic acid C₆H₅-CH₂-COOH that is a plant auxin


hyaluronic acid

(organic chemistry) A mucopolysaccharide (a kind of polymer) that forms a gel-like substance within animal connective tissue.


mevalonic acid

(organic chemistry) The hydroxy acid 3,5-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid, a biochemical precursor of the terpenoids.


gabapentin

gamma-aminobutyric acid
gamma-aminobutyric acid

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) An anticonvulsant drug C₉H₁₇NO₂ structurally related to gamma-aminobutyric acid that is administered orally as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial seizures.


calcein

(organic chemistry) A fluorescent dye, with chemical formula C₃₀H₂₆N₂O₁₃; related to fluorescein; used in some contexts as a calcium indicator


carbenoxolone

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A synthetic derivative of glycyrrhizinic acid having the chemical formula C₃₄H₅₀O₇; used as a drug for treatment of various conditions including esophageal inflammation.


artesunate

artesunate (countable and uncountable, plural artesunates)

From arte- (“artemisinin-related compound”) + su(cci)nate.

af

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A drug, of the artemisinin group, used to treat malaria.


carboxyfluorescein

(organic chemistry) A fluorescent dye that is used as a biological tracer


hydroxytryptophan

(biochemistry) A hydroxy derivative of tryptophan; especially 5-hydroxytryptophan which is a precursor to the neurotransmitter serotonin


isonicotinic acid

(organic chemistry) An isomer of nicotinic acid, pyridine-4-carboxylic acid


diclofenac

From the systematic name 2-(2-(2,6-dichlorophenylamino)phenyl)acetic acid.

A study by Merck of its pain reliever Arcoxia showed similar risks of heart attacks and other cardiovascular problems compared with another painkiller, diclofenac, federal reviewers said in an analysis made public Tuesday.

2007 April 11, Reuters, “Merck Reports Risk of Its New Pain Pill”, in New York Times:

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A painkiller having the chemical formula C₁₄H₁₁Cl₂NO₂


kynurenic acid

From Ancient Greek κῠ́ων, κῠνός (kúōn, kunós, “dog”) + οὖρον (oûron, “urine”); so called because discovered in dog urine.

der

κῠ́ων, κῠνός

(organic chemistry) A metabolite of tryptophan that has antiexcitotoxic and anticonvulsant activity.


cacodylic acid

(organic chemistry) dimethylarsenic acid, (CH₃)₂AsO-OH, whose derivatives, the cacodylates, were once used as herbicides


clavulanic acid

From translingual Streptomyces clavuligerus + -ane + -ic and acid.

af

Streptomyces clavuligerus
Streptomyces clavuligerus#Translingual

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A beta-lactam compound C₈H₉NO₅ produced by the bacterium Streptomyces clavuligerus that is a beta-lactamase inhibitor and is usually used in the form of its clavulanate salt of potassium especially in combination with amoxicillin.


meropenem

en-noun

meropenem (usually uncountable, plural meropenems)

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A broad-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic used to treat meningitis and pneumonia


probenecid

probenecid (countable and uncountable, plural probenecids)

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A synthetic sulfur-containing compound which promotes increased excretion of uric acid and is used to treat gout.


platensimycin

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A natural antibiotic occurring in strains of Streptomyces platensis.


selenomethionine

selenomethionine (countable and uncountable, plural selenomethionines)

(biochemistry) An amino acid related to methionine by the replacement of its sulfur atom by one of selenium


flunixin

nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, analgesic, and antipyretic used in horses.


muramic acid

(organic chemistry) A compound of glucosamine and lactic acid that occurs as a component of peptidoglycan


citrulline

(biochemistry) An amino acid, first isolated from watermelons, that is an intermediate in the urea cycle.


DMSA

dimercaptosuccinic acid
dimercaptosuccinic acid#English

(organic chemistry) Initialism of dimercaptosuccinic acid.


dimercaptosuccinic acid

(organic chemistry, medicine) A chemical compound (C₄H₆O₄S₂), used as a tracer to obtain scintigrams of the kidney. Abbreviated as DMSA.


dimercaptosuccinic

(organic chemistry) Designating an acid similar to succinic acid but containing two instances of the radical –SH.


isotretinoin

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A cis isomer of retinoic acid that is a synthetic derivative of vitamin A, inhibits sebaceous gland function and keratinization, and is used in the treatment of severe inflammatory acne but is contraindicated in pregnancy because of its implication as a cause of birth defects.


etacrynic acid

From eth(yl) + acry(loyl) + (phe)n(oxy) + (acet)ic acid.

af

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A powerful diuretic drug used in the treatment of fluid retention, especially that associated with heart, liver, and kidney disorders.


xylenol orange

(organic chemistry) An organic reagent, most commonly used as a tetrasodium salt as an indicator for metal titrations.


kojic acid

From koji, the Japanese common name for Aspergillus oryzae, + -ic + acid.

Aspergillus oryzae
Aspergillus oryzae#Translingual

(organic chemistry) A chelation agent, 5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4H-pyran-4-one, produced by several species of fungus, especially Aspergillus oryzae, and used in the manufacture of saké and in food preservation.


ethionine

en-noun

ethionine (countable and uncountable, plural ethionines)

(biochemistry) A toxic and carcinogenic non-proteinogenic amino acid structurally related to methionine, with an ethyl group in place of the methyl group.


nitrilotriacetic acid

(organic chemistry) A polyamino carboxylic acid used as a chelating agent.


aminobenzoic acid

aminobenzoic acid (plural aminobenzoic acids)

(organic chemistry) Any benzoic acid with an amino group, such as anthranilic acid.


telmisartan

From [Term?] + -sartan (“angiotensin II receptor antagonist”).

af

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) An angiotensin II receptor antagonist used in the management of hypertension.


docosanoid

essential fatty acid
essential fatty acid

docosahexaenoic acid
docosahexaenoic acid

(organic chemistry) Any of various signalling molecules made by oxygenation of twenty-two-carbon essential fatty acids, especially docosahexaenoic acid, including some resolvins and the docosatrienes.


eicosapentaenoic acid

From eicosa- + penta- + -noic acid. The eicosa- prefix refers to the 20 carbon atoms. The penta- prefix refers to the five double bonds. The -(e)noic suffix generically denotes fatty acids.

(organic chemistry) An omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), having 20 carbon atoms and 5 cis double bonds, that acts as a precursor for prostaglandin-3, thromboxane-3, and leukotriene-5 eicosanoids


docosahexaenoic acid

(organic chemistry) An essential 22-carbon atom omega-3 fatty acid with six cis double bonds, found in fish oils, metabolized to form the docosanoids.


benzilic acid

(organic chemistry) A white crystalline aromatic acid soluble in many primary alcohols, which can be prepared by heating a mixture of benzil, alcohol, and potassium hydroxide.


treprostinil

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) An analog of the biological compound prostacyclin, used in the treatment of hypertension.


keto acid

(organic chemistry) Any carboxylic acid that also contains a ketone (carbonyl) group


lanthionine

en-noun

lanthionine (countable and uncountable, plural lanthionines)

(biochemistry) An analogue of cystine consisting of two alanine residues connected by a single sulfur atom


dihydroxyphenylalanine

(biochemistry) Either of two enantiomers of a derivative of the amino acid tyrosine.


orsellinic acid

(organic chemistry) A phenolic carboxylic acid, 2,4-dihydroxy-6-methylbenzoic acid, found in some lichens


dichloroacetic acid

(organic chemistry) An analog of acetic acid in which two of the three hydrogen atoms of the methyl group are replaced by chlorine.


chaulmoogric acid

(organic chemistry) A cyclic fatty acid, 2-cyclopentene-1-tridecanoic acid, obtained from chaulmoogra seeds, used in the treatment of leprosy.


olsalazine

From [Term?] + -salazine (“salicylic acid derivative”).

af

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A disodium salicylate C₁₄H₁₀N₂O₆ that is administered orally and is converted in the body to an aminosalicylic acid having an anti-inflammatory effect used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis.


fexofenadine

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A second-generation antihistamine drug used in the treatment of hay fever and similar allergies.


milk acid

(obsolete, organic chemistry) acid of milk, lactic acid


pimelic acid

(organic chemistry) A dicarboxylic acid, HO₂C(CH₂)₅CO₂H, whose derivatives are involved in the biosynthesis of lysine.


anacardic acid

Anacardium occidentale
Anacardium occidentale#Translingual

(organic chemistry) A yellow liquid obtainable from the shell of the cashew nut (Anacardium occidentale), closely related to urushiol, and also causing itchiness like urushiol.

ácido anacárdico

liquid obtained from the shell of the cashew nut


pentetic acid

(organic chemistry) Diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA), a polyamino carboxylic acid consisting of a diethylenetriamine backbone modified with five carboxymethyl groups, used as a chelating agent to treat radioactive contamination.


dihydropteroate

/daɪˌhaɪdɹɒpˈtɛɹəʊeɪt/

para-aminobenzoic acid
para-aminobenzoic acid

dihydropteroate synthetase
dihydropteroate synthetase

(organic chemistry) A pterin created from para-aminobenzoic acid by the enzyme dihydropteroate synthetase, an important intermediate in folate synthesis.


trimesic acid

(organic chemistry) The carboxylic acid, benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid, obtained by oxidation of mesitylene


mellitic acid

(organic chemistry) A hexacarboxylic acid, benzene hexacarboxylic acid, first discovered in the mineral mellite, which is its aluminium salt.


tricarboxylic acid

en-noun

tricarboxylic acid (plural tricarboxylic acids)

(organic chemistry) An organic carboxylic acid whose chemical structure contains three carboxyl functional groups, the best-known example being citric acid.


fenamic acid

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) 2-(phenylamino)benzoic acid, The parent structure for several nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, including mefenamic acid, tolfenamic acid, flufenamic acid, and meclofenamic acid.


hexadecanoic acid

hexadecanoic acid (countable and uncountable, plural hexadecanoic acids)

(organic chemistry) Any aliphatic carboxylic acid that has sixteen carbon atoms, but especially palmitic acid


mycolic acid

(organic chemistry) Any of various long fatty acids found in the cell walls of Mycolata


gemfibrozil

/d͡ʒɛmˈfɪb.ɹəˌzɪl/

Probably from gem- (of unknown origin) + -fibrate (“clofibrate derivative”) + -o- + -zil (“alteration of xylene”).

af

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A drug C₁₅H₂₂O₃ that regulates blood serum lipids and is used especially to lower the levels of triglycerides and increase the levels of HDLs.


meclofenamic acid

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A drug that inhibits the synthesis of prostaglandins, used to treat joint and muscle pain.


flufenamic acid

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is a pale yellow crystalline powder.


tolfenamic acid

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug used to treat migraine.


mefenamic acid

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug used to treat pain, including menstrual pain.


ketoglutaric acid

en-noun

ketoglutaric acid (plural ketoglutaric acids)

(organic chemistry) Either of two ketone derivatives of glutaric acid, α-ketoglutaric acid and β-ketoglutaric acid (the latter varying only by the position of the ketone functional group).


propiolic acid

(organic chemistry) An unsaturated organic acid, C₃H₂O₂.


cinchophen

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) An analgesic drug used to treat gout in animals (and, until the 1930s, in humans, when it was found to cause liver damage).


tiglic acid

(organic chemistry) A monocarboxylic unsaturated organic acid, the trans-form of angelic acid, found in croton oil and in several other natural products.


oxoglutaric acid

oxoglutaric acid (plural oxoglutaric acids)


diflunisal

From diflu(orophe)ny(l) + -sal (“salicylic acid derivative”).

af

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A certain nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.


homogentisic acid

(organic chemistry) 2,5-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid.


olopatadine

From [Term?] + -tadine (“tricyclic compound”).

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A particular antihistamine used in eye drops to treat allergic conjunctivitis.


levocetirizine

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A third-generation nonsedative antihistamine.


cetirizine

From (a)cet(ic acid) + [Term?] + -izine (“diphenylmethylpiperazine derivative”).

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A major metabolite of hydroxyzine, an antihistamine used in the treatment of allergies, hay fever, angioedema, and urticaria.


glycyrrhetinic acid

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A pentacyclic triterpenoid derivative of the beta-amyrin type obtained from the hydrolysis of glycyrrhizic acid, used in flavoring to mask bitter tastes and in the treatment of peptic ulcer.


glycyrrhizic acid

(organic chemistry) Synonym of glycyrrhizin.


glycyrrhizin

From glycyrrhiza (“licorice root”) + -in.

Glycyrrhiza glabra
Glycyrrhiza glabra#Translingual

(organic chemistry) A crystalline glycosidic acid, the main sweet-tasting compound from licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root, thirty to fifty times as sweet as sucrose (table sugar).


muconic acid

(organic chemistry) Any of three isomeric, aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, C₆H₆O₄, with two double bonds.


cromoglicic acid

(biochemistry, organic chemistry) A mast cell stabilizer, commonly marketed as its sodium salt, that prevents the release of inflammatory chemicals such as histamine from mast cells.


fentiazac

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A particular drug used to treat joint and muscular pain.


nonanedioic acid

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) azelaic acid


alcapton

(organic chemistry) Alternative spelling of alkapton


alkapton

From German Alkapton, coined by Boedeker (1861) as "an admittedly somewhat barbaric combination" of Alkali (“alkali”) + Ancient Greek κάπτον (kápton), neuter present participle of Ancient Greek κάπτω (káptō, “to gulp down”), after the tendency of alkapton to strongly react with oxygen in alkaline solution.


alitretinoin

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A particular antineoplastic drug.


bexarotene

From [Term?] + -arotene (“arotinoid derivative”).

af

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A particular oral antineoplastic drug.


methylarginine

(organic chemistry) Any methyl derivative of arginine, but especially 2-amino-5-[(N’-methylcarbamimidoyl)amino]pentanoic acid, which is an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase


ticrynafen

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) The drug tienilic acid.


lumiracoxib

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, an analogue of diclofenac.


tolrestat

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) An aldose reductase inhibitor formerly used to treat certain diabetic complications.


tienilic acid

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A diuretic drug with uricosuric action, formerly marketed for the treatment of hypertension.


gein

Borrowed from German Geïn, coined by Jöns Jacob Berzelius in 1832, from Ancient Greek γήινος (gḗinos, “of earth”), from γῆ (gê, “earth”).

der

Hence, a most interesting conclusion—without salts and gein we have no vegetable production. The gein in solution is essential to fruit, and yet, without the salts, the insolubility of gein would leave the soil barren.

1843 January 9, Henry Bidleman Bascom, “Glance at the Natural History and Philosophy of Agriculture […]”, in Thomas N. Ralston, editor, Posthumous Works of the Rev. Henry B. Bascom, […], volume 2, published 1856, page 201:

The humic acid and other similar acids (ulmic, geïn, &c.) have a very strong affinity for ammonia, which itself is essential to the nourishment of forest growth, as plants have only a limited power of assimilating the free nitrogen of the air.

1893, John Nisbet, Soil and Situation in Relation to Forest Growth, page 10:

Thus with a free supply of air the residue is mainly humin; with less air it is ulmin; and when air is excluded it is gein.

1907, Philip R. Björling, Frederick T. Gissing, Peat: Its Use and Manufacture, page 6:

(organic chemistry, biochemistry, dated) Humic acid.


repaglinide

/ɹəˈpæɡ.lɪˌnaɪd/

From repa- (of unknown origin) + glinide.

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A meglitinide drug C₂₇H₃₆N₂O₄ (trademark Prandin) that stimulates insulin release and is taken orally to treat type 2 diabetes.


meglitinide

en-noun

meglitinide (countable and uncountable, plural meglitinides)

From me(thoxy) + gli- (“antihyperglycemic”).

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) Any of a class of drugs used to treat type 2 diabetes.

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A chemical compound which is the prototype of this drug class (see drawing).


nateglinide

From nate- (of unknown origin) + glinide.

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A meglitinide drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes that lowers blood glucose by stimulating the release of insulin from the pancreas.


caffeic acid

(organic chemistry) The phenolic carboxylic acid 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl 2-propenoic acid that is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of lignin


thioacid

(chemistry) Any acid formally derived from an oxyacid by replacement of one or more oxygen atoms with sulfur.


oxalylglycine

(organic chemistry) An amide formed from condensation of oxalic acid and the amino group of glycine; it is an inhibitor of some classes of enzymes


dihydroxybenzoic acid

dihydroxybenzoic acid (plural dihydroxybenzoic acids)

(organic chemistry) Any of six isomeric dihydroxy derivatives of benzoic acid.


hydroxybenzoic acid

hydroxybenzoic acid (plural hydroxybenzoic acids)

(organic chemistry) Any of three isomeric phenolic derivatives of benzoic acid; carboxyphenol


vanillic acid

(organic chemistry) The aromatic carboxylic acid 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid that is an intermediate in the production of vanillin from ferulic acid


ferulic acid

(organic chemistry) The carboxylic acid (E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)prop-2-enoic acid that is a component of lignin


chorismic acid

(organic chemistry) The compound (3R,4R)-3-[(1-carboxyvinyl)oxy]-4-hydroxycyclohexa-1,5-diene-1-carboxylic acid, whose anion chorismate is an important biochemical intermediate in plants and microorganisms.


thioglycolic acid

(organic chemistry) The compound mercaptoacetic acid formally derived from glycolic acid by replacing the hydroxyl group with a sulfhydryl group


quinolinic acid

quinolinic acid (countable and uncountable, plural quinolinic acids)

(organic chemistry) Pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid, which may be prepared by the oxidation of quinoline.


diaminopimelic acid

diaminopimelic acid (plural diaminopimelic acids)

(biochemistry) Any diamino derivative of pimelic acid, but especially (2R,6S)-2,6-diaminoheptanedioic acid which has biochemical activity


semialdehyde

(organic chemistry) The monoaldehyde of a dicarboxylic acid; those of some amino acids are intermediates in biosynthesis


prephenic acid

(organic chemistry) An intermediate in the biosynthesis of the amino acids phenylalanine and tyrosine


balsalazide

From [Term?] + -salazide (“phenylazosalicylic acid derivative”).

af

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) An anti-inflammatory drug used in the treatment of bowel disease.


aminosalicylic acid

en-noun

aminosalicylic acid (countable and uncountable, plural aminosalicylic acids)

(organic chemistry, countable) Any of four isomeric derivatives C₇H₇NO₃ of salicylic acid that have a single amino group.


undecenoic acid

undecenoic acid (countable and uncountable, plural undecenoic acids)


triflic acid

trifluoromethanesulfonic acid
trifluoromethanesulfonic acid

(organic chemistry) trifluoromethanesulfonic acid


trifluoromethanesulfonic acid

(organic chemistry) The very strong sulfonic acid CF₃SO₃H that is used in organic synthesis, where it is known as triflic acid


aconitic acid

Two isomeric acids are formed by the distillation of malic acid, which are likewise isomeric with aconitic acid obtained by fusing citric acid, and of which one has been proved to be identical with the acid which occurs in Fumaria officinalis.

1844 August 1, T. Rieckher, “Chemical Examination of some Fumarates, and on the Constitution of Fumaric Acid (Paramaleic Acid)”, in The Chemical Gazette, number 43:

When citric acid is heated to 175°, it loses a molecule of water, and gives aconitic acid, an acid which is also found in aconite.

1916, Julius Berend Cohen, Theoretical organic chemistry, page 360:

The plant is reported to contain achilleic acid (identical to aconitic acid), alkanes, alkaloids (achilleine betonicine stachydrine), apigenin (an antispasmodic agent), biso-thujone, betaine […]

2004, George A. Burdock, Fenaroli's Handbook of Flavor Ingredients, Fifth Edition, page 1909:

(organic chemistry) An organic acid involved in the isomerization of citrate to isocitrate in the citric acid cycle.


naphthoic acid

(organic chemistry) Either of two isomeric carboxylic acids, analogous to benzoic acid, derived from naphthalene


parinaric acid

(organic chemistry) Any of several isomeric conjugated polyunsaturated fatty acids found in the seeds of some trees


bulgecinine

(biochemistry) A nonproteinogenic amino acid 2s,4s,5r-4-hydroxy-5- (hydroxymethyl)proline that is a component of bulgecins.


butadienoic acid

(organic chemistry) The allenyl carboxylic acid CH₂=C=CH-COOH


pentadecanoic acid

(organic chemistry) The aliphatic carboxylic acid having fifteen carbon atoms


acidolysis

(chemistry) Decomposition of a molecule under the influence of an acid.

aigéadalú

decomposition of a molecule under the influence of an acid


lipoamino acid

(biochemistry) Any of several classes of lipid, containing amino acid residues, with or without glycerol and/or fatty acid residues, but lacking a phosphate group, that are present in bacteria and similar organisms


nitrobenzoic acid

nitrobenzoic acid (plural nitrobenzoic acids)

(organic chemistry) Any of three isomeric nitro derivatives of benzoic acid that are used in the manufacture of dyes


inosine pranobex

acetamidobenzoic acid
acetamidobenzoic acid

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A combination of inosine, acetamidobenzoic acid and dimethylaminoisopropanol, used as an antiviral drug.


neodecanoic acid

neodecanoic acid (plural neodecanoic acids)

(organic chemistry) Any of five isomeric aliphatic carboxylic acids having ten carbon atoms and a branched structure formally derived from acetic acid by replacing each hydrogen atom of the methyl group by an alkyl group


ketocarboxylic acid

ketocarboxylic acid (plural ketocarboxylic acids)

(organic chemistry) Any carboxylic acid having a ketonic carbonyl group, but especially any α-ketocarboxylic acid having the carbonyl group adjacent to the carboxylic acid group


norvaline

norvaline (countable and uncountable, plural norvalines)

(biochemistry) An amino acid 2-amino-butanoic acid that is not found in protein


isocyanic acid

(inorganic chemistry) The unstable compound H-N=C=O that is metameric with cyanic acid; the imide of carbonic acid


dodecanoic acid

dodecanoic acid (plural dodecanoic acids)

(organic chemistry) Any of several isomeric aliphatic carboxylic acids having twelve carbon atoms; but especially n-dodecanoic acid (lauric acid).


ketoacid

(organic chemistry) Alternative spelling of keto acid


mupirocin

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A particular antibiotic applied topically


tetracarboxylic acid

tetracarboxylic acid (plural tetracarboxylic acids)

(organic chemistry) Any organic compound having four carboxylic acid groups


sinapinic acid

(organic chemistry) A phenolic carboxylic acid, 3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid


epoxyeicosatrienoic acid

epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (plural epoxyeicosatrienoic acids)

(organic chemistry) Any epoxy derivative of eicosatrienoic acid, most of which have biochemical activity


iodoacetic acid

(organic chemistry) The iodinated derivative of acetic acid CH₂I-COOH that is used in organic synthesis, and in protein sequencing


docosadienoic acid

docosadienoic acid (countable and uncountable, plural docosadienoic acids)

unsaturated fatty acid
unsaturated fatty acid

(organic chemistry) Any of several isomeric unsaturated fatty acids having 22 carbon atoms and 2 double bonds


adrenic acid

docosatetraenoic acid
docosatetraenoic acid

(organic chemistry) A polyunsaturated fatty acid having 22 carbon atoms and 4 double bonds, 7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z-docosatetraenoic acid


docosapentaenoic acid

docosapentaenoic acid (countable and uncountable, plural docosapentaenoic acids)

(organic chemistry) A polyunsaturated fatty acid having 22 carbon atoms and five double bonds


lacceroic acid

saturated fatty acid
saturated fatty acid

(organic chemistry) The saturated fatty acid having 32 carbon atoms


aminocaproic acid

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A drug C₆H₁₃NO₂ that inhibits the breakdown of fibrin by blocking the activation of plasminogen and is used to control bleeding (as during surgery) especially in cases where blood clots are broken down too quickly. It is a chemical analog of lysine and is marketed under the trademark Amicar.


eicosaenoic acid

(organic chemistry) An unsaturated fatty acid having 20 carbon atoms and one double bond


eicosadienoic acid

(organic chemistry) An unsaturated fatty acid having 20 carbon atoms and two double bonds


eicosatrienoic acid

(organic chemistry) An unsaturated fatty acid having 20 carbon atoms and 3 double bonds; homolinolenic acid


hexatetracontanoic acid

(organic chemistry) A long-chain saturated fatty acid having 46 carbon atoms


hexadecatrienoic acid

polyunsaturated fatty acid
polyunsaturated fatty acid

(organic chemistry) A polyunsaturated fatty acid having 16 carbon atoms and three double bonds


heptatriacontanoic acid

(organic chemistry) A saturated fatty acid having 37 carbon atoms


montanic acid

(organic chemistry) A long-chain saturated fatty acid having 28 carbon atoms


hentriacontanoic acid

hentriacontanoic acid (plural hentriacontanoic acids)

hentriacontylic acid
hentriacontylic acid

(organic chemistry) Any saturated fatty acid having 31 carbon atoms; hentriacontylic acid


heptacosanoic acid

heptacosanoic acid (plural heptacosanoic acids)

(organic chemistry) Any saturated fatty acid having 27 carbon atoms


nonadecanoic acid

(organic chemistry) A saturated fatty acid having 19 carbon atoms


heptadecenoic acid

heptadecenoic acid (plural heptadecenoic acids)

(organic chemistry) An unsaturated fatty acid having 17 carbon atoms and one double bond


octadecatrienoic acid

octadecatrienoic acid (countable and uncountable, plural octadecatrienoic acids)

(organic chemistry) linolenic acid, eleostearic acid, calendic acid or other isomer of a trienoic fatty acid with 18 carbon atoms


nonacosanoic acid

(organic chemistry) A long-chain saturated fatty acid having 29 carbon atoms


octatriacontanoic acid

(organic chemistry) A long-chain saturated fatty acid having 38 carbon atoms


heneicosanoic acid

heneicosanoic acid (countable and uncountable, plural heneicosanoic acids)

(organic chemistry) Any saturated fatty acid having 21 carbon atoms, but especially n-heneicosanoic acid


hexatriacontanoic acid

(organic chemistry) A long-chain saturated fatty acid having 36 carbon atoms


hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid

(organic chemistry) A hydroxy derivative of a polyunsaturated fatty acid; it is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of leukotrienes


ceroplastic acid

(organic chemistry) The long-chain unbranched saturated fatty acid having 35 carbon atoms


pentacosanoic acid

(organic chemistry) A long-chain saturated fatty acid having 25 carbon atoms.


tricosanoic acid

(organic chemistry) The long-chain saturated fatty acid having 23 carbon atoms


triacontanoic acid

(organic chemistry) The long-chain saturated fatty acid having 30 carbon atoms


pentatriacontanoic acid

pentatriacontanoic acid (countable and uncountable, plural pentatriacontanoic acids)

(organic chemistry) Any saturated fatty acid that has 35 carbon atoms


tritriacontanoic acid

(organic chemistry) The long-chain saturated fatty acid having 33 carbon atoms; psyllic acid


tridecanoic acid

(organic chemistry) The saturated fatty acid having 13 carbon atoms


tetratriacontanoic acid

(organic chemistry) The long-chain saturated fatty acid having 34 carbon atoms


carbocisteine

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A mucolytic that reduces the viscosity of sputum.


rosuvastatin

From (fluo)ro- + su(lfonyl) + -vastatin (“HMG CoA reductase inhibitor”).

af

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A statin (trademark Crestor) that is administered orally in the form of its calcium salt Ca(C₂₂H₂₇FN₃O₆S)₂ especially to treat hypercholesterolemia.


hydroxyglutaric acid

en-noun

hydroxyglutaric acid (plural hydroxyglutaric acids)

(organic chemistry) Any hydroxy derivative of glutaric acid, but especially 2-hydroxyglutaric acid which has biological activity


cilastatin

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A dehydropeptidase inhibitor that is used in association with certain antibiotics to prevent them being inactivated


pinolenic acid

(organic chemistry) A polyunsaturated fatty acid, (5Z,9Z,12Z)-octadeca-5,9,12-trienoic acid, found mainly in pine nuts.


chlorogenic acid

chlorogenic acid (plural chlorogenic acids)

(organic chemistry) Any of a family of phenolic carboxylic acids, found in coffee, that have antioxidant properties. Does not contain chlorine.

綠原酸

any of a family of phenolic carboxylic acids that have antioxidant properties


iotalamic acid

From io- (“iodine-containing contrast media”) + (isoph)thalamic acid.

af

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A molecule used as a contrast medium.


clodronic acid

From (di)chlo(ro)- + -dronic (“calcium metabolism regulator”) acid.

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) The chlorinated phosphonic acid CCl₂(PO(OH)₂)₂.


lesquerolic acid

Lesquerolic acid is the C₂₀ homologue of ricinoleic acid and attempts are being made to develop Lesquerella fondleri as a new crop.

1996, F.D. Gunstone, Fatty Acid and Lipid Chemistry, page 13:

Several species of the genus Lesquerella produce as major hydroxy fatty acids either densipolic acid (12-hydroxyoctadeca-9,15-dienoic acid), lesquerolic acid (14-hydroxyeicosa-11-enoic acid) or auricolic acid (14-hydroxyeicosa-11,17-dienoic acid).

2004, Christian Möllers, “8: Potential and future prospects for rapeseed oil”, in F. D. Gunstone, editor, Rapeseed and Canola Oil: Production, Processing, Properties and Uses, page 201:

Species of Lesquerella contain up to 55% lesquerolic acid, the 20-carbon analogue of ricinoleate, and some species contain up to 80% hydroxy fatty acid content.

2009, Thomas A. McKeon, “Chapter 6: Engineering Plants for Industrial Uses”, in Ching T. Hou, Jei-Fu Shaw, editors, Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, page 92:

(organic chemistry) A hydroxy acid found in the oil of most species of Lesquerella (= Physaria; the bladderpods).


aminolevulinic acid

en-noun

aminolevulinic acid (plural aminolevulinic acids)

(organic chemistry) Any amino derivative of levulinic acid, but especially 5-aminolevulinic acid which is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of porphyrin


zomepirac

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A particular nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug with antipyretic action, withdrawn in the 1980s because of the risk of anaphylaxis.


pitavastatin

From [Term?] + -vastatin (“HMG CoA reductase inhibitor”).

af

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A particular statin drug


lubiprostone

Probably from (f)lu(oro)- + bi(cyclo) + -prost- (“prostaglandin”) + -one.

irritable bowel syndrome
irritable bowel syndrome

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A laxative drug C₂₀H₃₂F₂O₅ taken orally in the treatment of chronic constipation and irritable bowel syndrome with constipation. It is marketed under the trademark Amitiza.


argininosuccinic acid

(biochemistry) A basic amino acid, a precursor to fumarate in the citric acid cycle.


hydroxycinnamic acid

en-noun

hydroxycinnamic acid (plural hydroxycinnamic acids)

(organic chemistry) Any of a class of polyphenolic compounds that are hydroxy derivatives of cinnamic acid.


lasalocid

From [Term?] + -sal- (“salicylic acid derivative”).

af

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A particular antibacterial agent and coccidiostat.


benazeprilat

angiotensin converting enzyme
angiotensin converting enzyme

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A non-sulfhydryl angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, the active form of benazepril.


benazepril

congestive heart failure
congestive heart failure

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A drug used to treat hypertension, congestive heart failure, and chronic renal failure.


ambrisentan

From [Term?] + -entan (“endothelin receptor antagonist”).

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A drug, an endothelin receptor antagonist used to treat pulmonary hypertension.


eicosenoic acid

en-noun

eicosenoic acid (countable and uncountable, plural eicosenoic acids)

(organic chemistry) Any monounsaturated fatty acid that has 20 carbon atoms


pamoic acid

(organic chemistry) A derivative of naphthoic acid, whose salt form can be used in pharmacology to increase the solubility of a drug in water.


BES

(organic chemistry) N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid


uvitic acid

(organic chemistry) 5-methylisophthalic acid, obtained by oxidizing mesitylene or by condensing pyroracemic acid with baryta water.


xylonic acid

(organic chemistry) A sugar acid that can be obtained by mild oxidation of xylose


kinic acid

(organic chemistry) Alternative form of quinic acid


acetrizoic acid

(organic chemistry) The iodine-substituted aromatic carboxylic acid 3-(acetylamino)-2,4,6-triiodobenzoic acid that is used as a contrast medium.


metrizoic acid

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A particular molecule used as a contrast medium.


ioglycamic acid

From io- (“iodine-containing contrast medium”) + glyc(ol)am(ide) + -ic acid.


iodoxamic acid

From iod- (“iodine-containing contrast medium”) + (eth)ox(y) + am(ide) + -ic acid.