nusach

en-noun

nusach (plural nusachs or nuschaot or nusachos or nusachim)

nusachs (plural)
nuschaot (plural)
nusachos (plural)
nusachim (plural)

(Judaism) The style of a prayer service.

(Judaism) The melody used for the service, depending on when it is being conducted.


please God

absolute construction; comparable to the phrase (if) it (should/might) please God (present subjunctive mood); apt to be reanalyzed by many listeners today as if vocative/direct address (e.g., please God grant, in second person and imperative mood), but absolute and subjunctive in origin.


Chabad

Borrowed from Hebrew חב״ד. "Chabad" (חב״ד) is an acronym formed from three Hebrew words—Chokhmah, Binah, Da'at, the first three sefirot of the kabbalistic Tree of Life: חכמה, בינה, דעת, "Wisdom, Understanding, and Knowledge"—which represent the intellectual and kabbalistic underpinnings of the movement.

(Judaism) A branch of Orthodox Chassidic Judaism founded in 1755 by Rabbi Schneur Zalman of Liadi


buybull

From buy and bull (“bullshit”), and the similarity in sound to Bible.

(derogatory, slang, religious slur) A Bible.


Judeocide

Judeocide (countable and uncountable, plural Judeocides)

Judeocides (plural)
Judaeocide (alternative)

From Judeo- + -cide, by analogy with genocide.


Cainite

(Judaism, Christianity) A descendant of Cain.

(Gnosticism) An adherent of Cainism, a member of a Gnostic sect that honored Cain and Judas.


Shemini Atzeret

From Hebrew שְׁמִינִי עֲצֶרֶת (šəmînî ‘ăṣéreṯ, literally “the eight of assembly”).

uder

שְׁמִינִי עֲצֶרֶת

šəmînî ‘ăṣéreṯ

Shemini Atzereth (alternative)
Shmini Atseret (alternative)
Shmini Atzeret (alternative)

(Judaism) A Jewish holiday (holy day) occurring on the eighth day after the start of Sukkot.


Melachim

(Judaism) Either one of the two Books of Kings (1 Kings = Melachim Aleph; 2 Kings = Melachim Bet).


prozionist

prozionists (plural)
pro-Zionist (alternative)

1999 JGA, Re: Orthodox Exodus from the State of Israel Group: soc.culture.jewish
Purge the leftists out of positions of influence and give zionist Jews who really love Israel a break from the "aliyah pimps" and you'll see plenty of prozionist US Jews coming in the next few years.

2003 Syvanen, Re: Amram Mitzna (Re: OT: This boycott won't help Palestinians) Group: alt.atheism
But each site was maintained by the most partisan proisraeli organizations and a reference to a Krauthammer article Not one independent newspaper hit. I am highly skeptical about the veracity of this quote. Mike Syvanen He made similar comments in a Palestinian newspaper article. All I see is the most extreme prozionist.

2009, Joe Brono, re: hitler didn't have the bomb Group: alt.revisionism
it's only a matter of time before the juwesa military splits up into prozionist and antizionist forces.


Ziochristian

2004 Doug Bashford, Re: SILLY Dems IGNORE CHRISTIANS to LOSE Election ? Amen Brother Randy! Group: talk.politics.misc
about Catholic's Pope declaring Iraq war as illegal and immoral (unjust). alt.religion.christian.baptist, lst night - in a fight with a Ziochristian who loves Nazism and ignores Jesus' message of love and tolerance.

2005, gaffo, Re: Bush Sez Atheists Can't Be President Group: alt.politics.bush
A modern-day Ziochristian Reich equivalent to the Kings of Old Judea's beleife that Judea was God's Nation

2013 John Cooper, Re: Hitler and the Millennial reign of Christ Group: alt.bible.prophecy
When it all goes pear-shaped, there is going to be a backlash against 'End-Timers', Ziochristians, Christian Dominionists, prophetic 'experts', and 'Bible-believing' Christians generally.


mechaieh

mechaiehs (plural)
machaya (alternative)
mechaya (alternative)
mechayeh (alternative)
mekhaye (alternative)

Borrowed from Yiddish מחיה (mekhaye), originally from Hebrew מְחַיֶּה (mekhayéh, “he revives”).


Tryphosa

From Ancient Greek τροφή (trophḗ, “softness, delicacy”).

uder

Salute Tryphena and Tryphosa, who labour in the Lord.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Romans 16:12:

(biblical) Name of a Christian woman mentioned in the Bible.


kikayon

(biblical) A plant mentioned in the Book of Jonah, where it provides shade; possibly a gourd or a castor oil plant.


Josephite

/ˈd͡ʒəʊ.zəˌfaɪt/

/ˈd͡ʒəʊ.səˌfaɪt/

Asher

descendants of the patriarch Jacob, later renamed Israel

A student or alumnus of St Joseph's College, Allahabad.

A member of Josephites-CJ, a Roman Catholic religious order founded in Belgium.

A member of the Josephite Fathers, a Roman Catholic religious order originally established to minister to African Americans, headquartered in Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Joseph

Josephite: Ephraim (Ephraimite); Manasseh (Manassite)

A Latter Day Saint adherent tracing Restorationist priesthood lineage through Joseph Smith III, son of the movement's founder.


happy Hanukkah

happy Hanukkah ! (canonical)
happy Chanukah (alternative)
happy Hanukah (alternative)

Used to express good wishes on or before Hanukkah.


AIPACer

It turned out that the political elite used the conference as an opportunity to practically leap into the AIPACers' laps. For two days a steady stream of American and Israeli dignitaries flowed into the Washington Convention Center […]

2011, Dan Fleshler, Transforming America's Israel Lobby:


Stam

From Hebrew סְתָ״ם (sta"m), acronym of סִפְרֵי קוֹדֶשׁ, תְּפִלִּין, וּמְזוּזוֹת (sifréi qodéš, t'filín um'zuzót).

(Judaism) collectively, the Jewish ritual scrolls, including holy scrolls, tefillin, and mezuzot


Ancient of Days

Calque of Biblical Hebrew עַתִּ֤יק יֽוֹמַיָּא֙.

cal

עַתִּ֤יק יֽוֹמַיָּא֙

I saw in the night visions, and behold, one like the sonne of man, came with the clouds of heauen, and came to the Ancient of daies, and they brought him neere before him. And there was giuen him dominion and glory, and a kingdome, that all people, nations, and languages should serue him: his dominion is an euerlasting dominion, which shall not passe away; and his kingdome that, which shall not be destroyed.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Daniel 7:13-14:

The first is true: all under the first is obnoxious to error; the puisne posthumous antiquity hath been a refuge for falsehood: the primigenous antiquity, which proceeded from the Ancient of Days, is certain.

1641, Joseph Hall, A Short Answer to the Vindication of Smectymnuus:

(Christianity, biblical) God, as the One who existed before the beginning of time.


parashah

en-noun

parashah (plural parashahs or parashiyot or parashot or parashoth or parashiot or parashiyos or parshioth or parashioth or parashiyoth)

parashahs (plural)
parashiyot (plural)
parashot (plural)
parashoth (plural)
parashiot (plural)
parashiyos (plural)
parshioth (plural)
parashioth (plural)
parashiyoth (plural)
parasha (alternative)
parsha (alternative)

(Judaism) A section of a book in the Hebrew text of the Tanakh, which may be open (a petuhah) or closed (a setumah).

(Judaism) One of 54 sections of the Torah read weekly by religious Jews, particularly in the synagogue on the morning of the Jewish Sabbath


petuhah

petuhot (plural)
petuhoth (plural)
petuchah (alternative)

Borrowed from Hebrew פְּתוּחָה (“open”), feminine of פָּתוּחַ.

(Judaism) An open parashah (a section of a book in the Hebrew text of the Tanakh), set apart in roughly the same way as a paragraph would be in modern text.


Apocrypha

That group of works which formed part of the Septuagint, but not of the Hebrew canon recognized by the Jews, and which is considered by some Christians to form an authentic part of Scripture, but which is rejected by others (namely by Protestants).

外典

writings recognized by some but not all Christians


Sky Fairy

From sky + fairy, in reference to the usual conception of the Abrahamic God as a supernatural being resident in Heaven.

Because theists are forgiven by the Sky Fairy. So they can be as bad as they wanna be.

2007 October 25, ScottyFLL [username], “Re: Dr. Francis Collins on The Colbert Report”, in alt.atheism (Usenet):

... other than the fact that they have different names for the Sky Fairy?

2010 June 29, Major Debacle [username], “What's the difference between the Taliban and the Christian right?”, in alt.religion.christian (Usenet):

Which is pretty much the tantamount to saying the Sky Fairy sent the tsunami to punish man's wickedness, i.e utter nonsense.

2011 March 11, Kevin N, “Re: OT: Monster Quake and Tsunami in Pacific”, in rec.music.classical.recordings (Usenet):

(derogatory slang, possibly offensive) Synonym of God, particularly the Abrahamic God.


BDE

BDE (countable and uncountable, plural BDEs)

baruch dayan emet
baruch dayan emet#English

(Judaism) Initialism of baruch dayan emet ("blessed is the true judge"; said when hearing about a death).


maftir

/ˈmɑːfˌtiːɹ/

From Hebrew מַפְטִיר (maftír), also through Yiddish מפֿטיר (mafter).

(Judaism) The person who reads the Haftarah.

(Judaism) The Torah portion read for or by the person who will read the Haftarah, most often the last few lines of the weekly parashah.


Akedah

From Hebrew עֲקֵדָה (aqedá, “the binding of Isaac”, literally “binding”).

bor

Many medieval Jewish communities saw themselves as re-enacting the drama of the Akedah without the redemptive ending.

2001, David L. Lieber, Jules Harlow, Etz Hayim: Torah and Commentary, page 118:

(Christianity, Judaism) The Binding of Isaac.


Jewsploitation

The Hebrew Hammer may very well be the first "Jewsploitation" comedy, but star Adam Goldberg promises the film avoids the truly offensive.

2002 July, Diane Vadino, “Movie News”, in Spin, page 47:

Saturday night I went to the Gershman Y to see the new "Jewsploitation" film The Hebrew Hammer, which I'm guessing is going to raise some hackles in the same way my headline did.

2003 December 10, Liz Spikol, “Hammer Time”, in Philadelphia Weekly:

The film, one of the first to emerge from the burgeoning "Jewsploitation" genre, is ripped from true-crime headlines and follows an impressionable youth (Eisenberg) from an Orthodox Brooklyn community.

2007 November 15, Gregg Goldstein, “Eisenberg, Bartha in the 'Holy' land”, in The Hollywood Reporter:

(film) A genre of exploitation films focusing on Jews and Jewish experiences.


Mephibosheth

/məˈfɪb.əˌʃɛθ/

From the Biblical Hebrew מְפִיבֹשֶׁת (Məp̄īḇṓšeṯ).

uder

(biblical) the son of Jonathan, grandson of Saul


Yom Teruah

From Hebrew יום תרועה \ יוֹם תְּרוּעָה (yom truá, “day [of] shouting / blasting”).

יום תרועה \ יוֹם תְּרוּעָה

(Judaism) Rosh Hashanah (the first day of Tishrei / Tishri, the first month of the civil year and seventh month of the religious year in the Hebrew calendar)


Allism

From all + -ism, coined by Peter van Inwagen in 2009.

Let us call it Allism – since it is essentially the thesis that natural selection does it all.

2009, Louis Caruana, Darwin and Catholicism, →ISBN, page 12:

Allism is inconsistent with theism, and, therefore, anyone who professes ignorance as to whether Allism is true should profess ignorance as to whether God exists.

2009, Melville Y. Stewart, Science and Religion in Dialogue, →ISBN, page 823:

2013, A. Rosenberg, Theism and Allism in The Philosophy of Peter Van Inwagen Ed. John Christopher Adorno Keller

(creationism) The rejection of creationism in all its forms (including intelligent design) and the assertion that evolution alone is responsible for the diversity of all living creatures.


Zionistical

en-adj

Zionistical (comparative more Zionistical, superlative most Zionistical)

more Zionistical (comparative)
most Zionistical (superlative)


bread of affliction

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-bread of affliction.wav


shecht

en-verb

shecht (third-person singular simple present shechts, present participle shechting, simple past and past participle shechted)

shechts (present singular third-person)
shechting (participle present)
shechted (participle past)
shechted (past)

From Yiddish שעכטן (shekhtn), from Hebrew שָׁחַט (shakhát) (Ashkenazi Hebrew: Shókhat).

(Judaism) to perform shechita, to ritually slaughter


Johannine Comma

A short phrase, included in some manuscripts of 1 John 5:7-8, whose authenticity is debated and is widely agreed to be an interpolation.


Comma Johanneum

The Johannine Comma; a phrase included in some manuscripts of 1 John 5:7-8.


Heavenly Witnesses

the Heavenly Witnesses (canonical plural)


Metatron

From Hebrew מְטַטְרוֹן (Məṭaṭrôn), whose origin is obscure. Possibly from Hebrew מטרא (mattara) 'keeper of the watch.' The Greek/Latin form superficially appears to be a Greek compound meta-τρον (-tron), but that would not seem to make much sense semantically, meaning something like "among-tool." It has also been proposed that the Hebrew word actually does in turn originate from Greek, coming from μετά + θρόνος, with the "th" being transformed into a "t" as the word was repeatedly taken up by one language from another. A review by Hekhalot lists these two possibilities plus seven more.

bor

Hebrew מְטַטְרוֹן (Məṭaṭrôn)

(Christianity, Judaism) An archangel and the chancellor of Heaven and the scribe of the book of life, in Christian and Jewish folklore. According to medieval apocrypha, he is Enoch, ancestor of Noah, transformed into an angel.


Azazel

From Hebrew עֲזָאזֵל (azazél, “Azazel, cliff from which the scapegoat was sent to its death”), Arabic عَزَازِيل (ʕazāzīl).

der

Arabic عَزَازِيل (ʕazāzīl)

Then strait commands that at the warlike sound / Of Trumpets loud and Clarions be upreard / His mighty Standard ; that proud honour claim'd / Azazel as his right, a Cherub tall:

1674, John Milton, “Book I”, in Paradise Lost. […], 2nd edition, London: […] S[amuel] Simmons […], →OCLC, lines 531–535:

(Judaism, Christianity) A fallen angel in some traditions of Judaism and Christianity.


lashon hara

(Jewish law) Any form of communication — verbal, written, body language — that can result in emotional, financial, or physical harm to another person


Jewland

(colloquial) Any territory occupied largely by Jewish people.


nephesh

en-noun

nephesh (plural nephashoth or nepheshes)

bor

Hebrew נֶפֶשׁ

(biblical) The tangible aspects of life, as possessed by human beings and the higher animals; sometimes translated as soul.


Haredi Judaism

(Judaism) A stream of Orthodox Judaism characterized by rejection of modern secular culture.


gilgul

Abravanel, for example, chooses to argue at length in favor of gilgulim in his commentary on the section of the Torah that discusses yibbum.

2001, The Torah U-Madda Journal, volume 10, page 9:

The limitation of gilgul to men here is intriguing. Gilgul, among other things, is a process of purification from the sins of past lives, an alternative to the more anguished purification of Gehenna.

2008, Shaul Magid, From Metaphysics to Midrash: Myth, History, and the Interpretation of Scripture in Lurianic Kabbala:

(Judaism, Kabbalism) reincarnation, metempsychosis


BBE

Bible in Basic English
w:Bible in Basic English

(biblical) Initialism of Bible in Basic English.


kapota

Borrowed from Hebrew קָפּוֹטָה, derived from French capote (“greatcoat”).

Hebrew קָפּוֹטָה

They also wear large-brimmed black felt fedoras, and for all religious occasions a kapota, a knee-length double-breasted silk coat.)

1988 September 2, Florence Hamlish Levinsohn, “A Special Connection With God”, in Chicago Reader:

(Judaism) A long black coat worn on certain occasions by members of the Chabad movement.


Chol HaMoed

(Judaism) The intermediate days between the beginning and end of the Jewish festivals of Pesach and Sukkot, on which some work is permitted.


sheloshim

/ʃ(ə)lɒˈʃɪm/

From the Hebrew שְׁלוֹשִׁים (shloshím, “thirty”).

S'fardim commonly dedicate the [grave]stone at the end of sh'loshim

2001, David L. Lieber, Jules Harlow, Etz Hayim: Torah and Commentary, page 214:

(Judaism) A period of thirty days after the burial of a deceased person, during which a mourner is forbidden to do certain things, such as marrying or shaving.


Jewify

en-verb

Jewify (third-person singular simple present Jewifies, present participle Jewifying, simple past and past participle Jewified)

Jewifies (present singular third-person)
Jewifying (participle present)
Jewified (participle past)
Jewified (past)
jewify (alternative)

(nonstandard, rare, transitive) To Judaize.


Conservative Judaism

(Judaism) A moderate stream of Liberal Judaism centered in North America that theoretically maintains Jewish tradition and law, but provides for a more flexible interpretation of it than Orthodox Judaism, in keeping with an evolving world and society.


Tishbite

An inhabitant or a resident of Tishbe in Galilee


Dönmeh

From Turkish Dönme, from Ottoman Turkish دونمه (dönme), of a root prefix meaning "turn" or "convert".

Donmeh (alternative)
Dönme (alternative)
Donme (alternative)
Dunmeh (alternative)

(historical) A group of crypto-Jews in the Ottoman Empire who, to avoid imprisonment after declaring arrival of the doomsday messiah, converted publicly to Islam, but retained their Jewish beliefs in secret.


Capernaum

From Late Latin Capharnaum, from Ancient Greek Καπερναούμ (Kapernaoúm), from Biblical Hebrew כְּפַר נַחוּם (Kfar Nahum, “Nahum's Village”).

der

כְּפַר נַחוּם

An ancient town in Galilee, Israel, a biblical and archaeological site.

ກາເປນາອູມ

kā pē nā ʼūm


FFB

(Judaism) Initialism of frum from birth.


Amram

Learned borrowing from Latin Amram, from Ancient Greek Ἀμβράμ (Ambrám), from Biblical Hebrew עַמְרָם (ʕamrɔm).


Rambam

From Hebrew רַמְבַּ״ם (rambam), acronym of רַבִּי מֹשֶׁה בֶּן מַיְמוֹן (rabí moshé ben maymón, “Rabbi Moshe ben Maimon”).

Maimonides, a 12th-century Jewish philosopher.


Nazir

(Judaism) A treatise, in the Talmud, devoted to the Nazirite laws.


Holy Bible

the Holy Bible (canonical)
Holy Bibles (plural)

(ecclesiastical) Honorific name for the collection of the books of the Bible according to a Christian canon.

(ecclesiastical) Honorific name for a book containing the books of the Bible according to a Christian canon.


pereq

(Judaism, in the Mishna) A subdivision of a masekhet; loosely, a chapter or section thereof.


shabbos goy

shabbos goys (plural)
Shabbat Goy (alternative)
Shabbat goy (alternative)
shabbat goy (alternative)
Shabbes Goy (alternative)
Shabbes goy (alternative)
shabbes goy (alternative)
Shabbos Goy (alternative)
Shabbos goy (alternative)

/ˈʃɑbəs ˈɡɔɪ/

Borrowed from Yiddish שבת גוי (shabes goy, literally “Sabbath gentile”).

bor+

Sometimes the family was helped on the Sabbath by a shabbos goy who would light some candles in their house.

A Gentile who performs certain acts which are forbidden to observant Jews on the Sabbath/Shabbat, such as kindling fire.


Barabbas

Borrowed from Latin Barabbās, from Ancient Greek Βαραββᾶς (Barabbâs), from Aramaic בּר אַבָּא (bar ʾabbā, “son of the father”).

der

And there was one named Barabbas, which lay bound with them that had made inſurrection with him, who had committed murder in the inſurrection.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Mark 15:7:

(Christianity) In the accounts of the Passion of Christ, an insurrectionary whom Pontius Pilate freed at the Passover feast in Jerusalem, instead of Jesus.

Barrabàs

insurrectionary whom Pontius Pilate freed instead of releasing Jesus


Shunamite

An inhabitant of the Biblical village of Shunem.


Shunamite

Of or relating to the Biblical village of Shunem or its inhabitants.


Shunem

uder

Hebrew שׁוּנֵם

A small village mentioned in the Pentateuch.


Hanukkah bush

Hanukkah bushes (plural)
Chanukah bush (alternative)
Hanukah bush (alternative)

A Jewish substitute for a Christmas tree formerly commonly used in North America during the holiday season.


tovel

en-verb

tovel (third-person singular simple present tovels, present participle toveling, simple past and past participle toveled)

tovels (present singular third-person)
toveling (participle present)
toveled (participle past)
toveled (past)
toivel (alternative)

From Yiddish טובֿלן (toyvln), from Hebrew טוֹבֵל (tovél), present tense of טָבַל (tavál).

(Judaism) to immerse (something, especially kitchenware) into a mikveh


sheva brachot

From Hebrew שֶׁבַע בְּרָכוֹת (shéva' b'rakhót, literally “seven blessings”).

der

שֶׁבַע בְּרָכוֹת

If at least 10 adults are present, grace after meals culminates with the recitation of the sheva b'rakhot (the seven blessings pronounced during the wedding ceremony) with the blessing over the wine recited last.

2001, David L. Lieber, Jules Harlow, Etz Hayim: Torah and Commentary, page 172:

the seven blessings recited after grace after meals at a wedding feast, and at festivities during the week after or before the wedding.


Western Wall

From its location on the western side of the Temple Mount.

(Judaism) An ancient wall on the western side of the Temple Mount in Jerusalem, remnant of the Jewish Second Temple. It is the holiest site in Judaism.

حَائِط الْبُرَاق

ancient wall in Jerusalem, remnant of the Jewish Second Temple


Wailing Wall

After the Jewish practice of weeping at the site over the Destruction of the Temple.

(Judaism, possibly offensive) The Western Wall.


Kotel

Borrowed from Hebrew כֹּתֶל (kótel, “wall”).


halutz

bor

Hebrew חָלוּץ

(Judaism) A pioneer, especially one of the early Jewish immigrants to Palestine.


world to come

Translation of Hebrew הָעוֹלָם הַבָּא (ha'olám habá, literally “the coming world”).

der

הָעוֹלָם הַבָּא

(Judaism) The Jewish afterlife or mythic future, usually thought to occur after the coming of the Messiah, in which the righteous are rewarded for their good deeds and the wicked punished for their evil deeds


Deuterocanon

The books of the Old Testament which are part of the canon of Scripture of a given church but which are not found in the Hebrew Bible.

Deuterokanonika

Books sometimes considered part of the canon


Uz

There was a man in the land of Uz, whose name was Job; and that man was perfect and upright, and one that feared God, and eschewed evil.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Job 1:1:

A region mentioned in the Bible whose exact geographical location is unknown.


Ashkenazism

Ashkenazi beliefs and practices generally.


Isaian

en-adj

Isaian (comparative more Isaian, superlative most Isaian)

more Isaian (comparative)
most Isaian (superlative)


leyn

en-verb

leyn (third-person singular simple present leyns, present participle leyning, simple past and past participle leyned)

leyns (present singular third-person)
leyning (participle present)
leyned (participle past)
leyned (past)
layn (alternative)

From Yiddish לייענען (leyenen, “to read”).

(Judaism, by extension) to recite the haftarah, megillah or other ritualized text


yotzei

Borrowed from Yiddish יוצא זײַן (yoytse zayn), from Hebrew יוֹצֵא (yotsé), active participle of יָצָא (yatsá, “to exit”).

In order to be yotzei, you must hear every word of the bracha.

(Jewish law) having fulfilled the requirements of a mitzvah


bracha

en-noun

bracha (plural brachot or brachos or brachas)

brachot (plural)
brachos (plural)
brachas (plural)

Borrowed from Yiddish ברכה (brokhe), from Hebrew בְּרָכָה (b'rakhá).

For a prayer or blessing to qualify as a bracha, it must follow a legal rabbinic formula that begins with the three words “Baruch Atah Adonai,” which is commonly translated as “Blessed (or Praised) are You, My Lord.”

2005, Sara E. Karesh, Mitchell M. Hurvitz, “bracha”, in Encyclopedia of Judaism, Infobase Publishing, →ISBN, page 65:


baal korei

baalei korei (plural)
baal koreh (alternative)
baal kore (alternative)

Borrowed from Yiddish בעל קורא (bal koyre), from Hebrew בַּעַל קוֹרֵא (bá'al koré), an alternative of בַּעַל קְרִיאָה (bá'al k'ri'á, literally “master of reading”).

der

בַּעַל קוֹרֵא

(Judaism) The person who reads from the Torah scroll during religious services.

(Judaism) A person who has been trained to read from a Torah scroll.


Telessar

Gozan, Harran, Rezeph, and Telessar were in Mesopotamia. Some other places are not known.

1882, Cunningham Geikie, Rehoboam to Hezekiah, page 454:

Sennacherib mentions it in 2 Kings 19:12 and Isaiah 37:12 when referring to the 'children of Eden, which were in Telessar'; and the possessions of Pharaoh are referred to in Ezekiel 31:9 as extending to Eden.

2013, Caleb L Moore, The Cherubim, →ISBN, page 11:

(biblical) A city mentioned in 2 Kings 19:12 and Isaiah 37:12 as the destroyed city of the "children of Eden".


legicide

The overturning or destruction of a law, or (Judaism) of the law as set out in the Torah.


Vellish

Borrowed from Yiddish וועליש (velish). Doublet of Welsh.

(Judaism) The most common typeface for printed Hebrew, and the Sephardi Stam script from which the typeface is derived.


minhag

My family's minhag is to sit while saying kiddush.

The Persian Jews have a Passover minhag to beat each other with vegetables when singing Dayenu.

In the Polish rite the refrain only is said, while the Western German and Minhag of Posen recite the entire poem.

1996, Macy Nulman, The Encyclopedia of Jewish Prayer, page 300:

(Judaism) a longstanding religious custom or tradition that is not required by Jewish law


Sigd

(Judaism) A holiday of the Beta Israel Ethiopian Jews, celebrated on the 29th day of Cheshvan.


Conservadox

(Judaism) adhering to a form of Judaism that holds a middle ground between Orthodox and Conservative, chiefly in North America


midrashist

(Judaism) One who writes a commentary on the Midrash.


hamotzi

The challah is more than half oat flour by weight, so it's ready for hamotzi tonight!

(Judaism) A brief prayer recited before consuming bread.


Haftarah

en-noun

Haftarah (plural Haftarot or Haftaros or Haftarahs or Haftaroth)

Haftarot (plural)
Haftaros (plural)
Haftarahs (plural)
Haftaroth (plural)
haftarah (alternative)
Haftorah (alternative)
haftorah (alternative)
Haftara (alternative)
haftara (alternative)
haphtara (alternative)
haphtarah (alternative)

/həfˌtɑːˈɹɑː/

/həfˈtɔː.ɹə/

From Hebrew הַפְטָרָה (haftará), also through Yiddish הפֿטרה (haftore).

Recent scholars, on the other hand, without much show of reason, as it would appear, variously hold the Haftarah to have sprung from the sermon or homiletic exercise which accompanied the reading in the Pentateuch, and took its exordium (as Haftarah, by an extraordinary linguistic passage, adapted in a manner to the Mosaic text under consideration; or, again, they imagine the Haftarah to have taken its rise spontaneously during the exile itself, and that Ezra retained and enforced it in Palestine.

1874, Literary Remains of the Late Emanuel Deutsch, page 320:

(Judaism) A selection from the books of Nevi'im and Ketuvim of the Tanach, usually corresponding to the week's parashah, publicly read in synagogue following the parashah.


machloket

machlokot (plural)
machlokes (alternative)

From Hebrew מחלוקת / מַחְלֹקֶת.

he-m

מחלוקת / מַחְלֹקֶת

The answer to every question is “there is a machloket about it.”

(Judaism) a halachic dispute, disagreement


Mordecai

Borrowed from Hebrew מָרְדֳּכַי (mordocháy).

bor+

(biblical) One of the main personalities in the Book of Esther. He adopted and raised his cousin Esther and foiled a plot to assassinate the king.

مَرْدْخَاي

a Biblical character in the Book of Esther


Uzzah

(Judaism) An Israelite, mentioned in the Tanakh, who touched the Ark of the Covenant to steady it while it was being conveyed in a cart, and was immediately killed.


herem

en-noun

herem (countable and uncountable, plural herems)

Transliteration of Hebrew חֵרֶם (ḥērem). Doublet of haram.

Mr Raz said he was fired from his job at the settlement council six months ago because of his involvement in the campaign and a rabbi placed him in "herem", an ancient religious practice requiring that a wayward person be ostracised.

2006 March 23, Chris McGreal, “Settlers don't know when the knock on the door will come and they have to leave”, in The Guardian:

(Judaism) The exclusion of a person from the Jewish community.


cherem

cherem (countable and uncountable, plural cherems)


Lag B'Omer

/ˈlɑːɡ bəˈoʊmɚ/

From Hebrew לַ״ג בָּעֹמֶר (la"g ba'ómer, literally “the 33rd of the Omer”).

der

לַ״ג בָּעֹמֶר

Lag b'Omer (alternative)
Lag Ba-Omer (alternative)
Lag ba-Omer (alternative)
Lag Ba'Omer (alternative)
Lag Ba'omer (alternative)
Lag BaOmer (alternative)
Lag La'Omer (alternative)
Lag LaʿOmer (alternative)

(Judaism) The 33rd day of the Omer, celebrated as a holiday


Jeconiah

From Latin Iechonias, Ancient Greek Ἰεχονίας (Iekhonías), from Hebrew יְכָנְיָה (y'khonyá).

(historical, biblical) An ancient king of Judah, the son and successor of King Jehoiakim, who was dethroned by the King of Babylon in the 6th century BC and taken into captivity.


kiruv

(Judaism) religious outreach work by Orthodox Jews


Omphalos hypothesis

Named after the 1857 book Omphalos by Philip Henry Gosse, in which it was argued that, in order for the world to be "functional", God must have created the Earth with mountains, canyons, trees, etc. The word Omphalos comes from Ancient Greek ὀμφαλός (omphalós, “navel”), an example of one such feature putatively needed for completion.

uder

(creationism) The proposition that God created the universe within the past few thousands of years but also introduced false evidence that the universe is of great age.


Hirschian

en-adj

Hirschian (comparative more Hirschian, superlative most Hirschian)

more Hirschian (comparative)
most Hirschian (superlative)

By 1900, many of the young who grew up in the Hirschian community had dropped out and even among those who remained committed, their religious observance was rather formalistic and arid.

2006 February 28, YM, “Rabbi Wein on Robert Auman and parshas Vayishlach”, in soc.culture.jewish.moderated (Usenet):

Of or relating to Samson Raphael Hirsch (born 1808), German rabbi, his theology, or his school of disciples.


kinnah

kinnot (plural)
kinnoth (plural)
qinah (alternative)
ḳinah (alternative)

(Judaism) Any of the dirges or elegies traditionally recited by Jews on Tisha B'Av to mourn the destruction of both the First and Second Temple in Jerusalem and other tragedies in Jewish history, including the Crusades and the Holocaust.


Zadok

Borrowed from Hebrew צדוק (“righteous”).

(biblical) A priest, said to be descended from Eleazar the son of Aaron, who aided King David during the revolt of his son Absalom and was subsequently instrumental in bringing King Solomon to the throne.


Uriel

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Οὐριήλ (Ouriḗl), from Hebrew אוּרִיאֵל (“God is my light”).

And vnto these things Uriel the Archangel gaue them answere, and said, Euen when the number of seedes is filled in you: for he hath weighed the world in the ballance.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 2 Esdras 4:36:

An archangel in Judaism and Christianity.


yellow badge

(historical) A cloth patch that Jews were ordered to sew on their outer garments to mark them as Jews in public, especially in Nazi-controlled states during the 1930s and 1940s.


Judeo-Masonic

of or relating to a conspiracy involving the secret coalition of Jews and Masons

judéo-maçonnique

of or relating to a conspiracy involving a secret coalition of Jews and Masons


Simchat Torah

Simchas Torah (alternative)
Simchas Toyre (alternative)
Simches Toyre (alternative)

(Judaism) a Jewish holiday that marks the conclusion of the annual cycle of Torah readings, the celebrations of which include singing and dancing with the Torah scrolls

שִׂמְחַת תּוֹרָה

Jewish holiday marking the conclusion of the cycle of Torah readings


simcha

en-noun

simcha (countable and uncountable, plural simchas or simchot)

simchas (plural)
simchot (plural)
simchah (alternative)
simche (alternative)
simha (alternative)
simhah (alternative)
simkha (alternative)

From Yiddish שׂמחה (simkhe), from Hebrew שִׂמְחָה (simkhá, literally “happiness”).

der

Each and every one of these blessings is a reason to be full of simcha.

2001, Moshe Goldberger, 100 Brachos: Counting Your Blessings 100 Times a Day, The Judaica Press, Inc., →ISBN, page 58:

The return to a meaningful and vibrant Judaism, he felt, must contain an ingredient too long denied it. This ingredient was simcha (joy), and it became the cornerstone of the Hasidic movement.

2017, Velvel Pasternak, Behind the Music, Stories, Anecdotes, Articles and Reflections, page 223:

1994, Helping Hands Information Services, It's Your Affair: The Guide to Making a Simcha:

After the wedding, I received a letter from the bride and her family with profuse thanks for enabling them and the Jewish community of Sheboygan to witness and participate in a "wonderful, traditional simcha"

2017, Velvel Pasternak, Behind the Music, Stories, Anecdotes, Articles and Reflections, page 41:

(Judaism, countable) a joyous occasion, celebration


Hasid

Hasids (plural)
Hasidim (plural)
Chasid (alternative)
Chassid (alternative)
Hassid (alternative)

At Mulberry Central he got off and asked two passing Hasidim for directions to the progressive synagogue.

2002, Zadie Smith, The Autograph Man, Penguin Books (2003), page 400:


oneg

Borrowed from Hebrew עונג / עֹנֶג ('óneg, “pleasure”).

(Judaism) A casual festive gathering on Friday night after the first Shabbat meal, usually involving food, singing, dancing, and casual Torah study, fulfilling the mitzvah of enjoying Shabbat.


lechayim

lehayim (alternative)
l'chaim (alternative)
l'chayim (alternative)

(Judaism) "To life": a Jewish drinking toast.


lechayim

There's a little kiddush, and one of the rabbis may wander around with a bottle of mashke if people want to make a little lechaim, but that's about it.

2002 September 30, Jonathan J. Baker, “Drinking on Simchas Torah”, in soc.culture.jewish.moderated (Usenet):


mevushal

/mɪvuːˈʃɑːl/

Borrowed from Hebrew מבושל / מְבֻשָּׁל (m'vushál, literally “cooked”).

he-m

(Judaism, of wine) cooked so as to render it unfit for idolatrous purposes, thereby making it permissible even in the event that it is subsequently handled by a gentile


Thanksgivukkah

Blend of Thanksgiving + Hanukkah. Coined for 2013, when the first day of Hanukkah fell on Thanksgiving.

We’re still 24 hours away from Thanksgiving 2012, but it’s never too early to start thinking of next year, right? Apparently not, at least, not for the folks behind Thanksgivukkah. You see, next year Thanksgiving falls on the first night of Hanukkah, and well, “Thanksgiving” + “Hanukkah” = “Thanksgivukkah”. Get it?

2012 November 21, Rafiss, “Well, This Exists: Thanksgivukkah”, in Heeb:

Thanksgiving and the first day of Hanukkah — the Jewish Festival of Lights — fall on the same day this year, creating what many celebrants have dubbed “Thanksgivukkah.” And it’s opened up a whole new world of culinary opportunities.

2013 October 21, Jim Romanoff, “Thanksgiving and Hanukkah — together at the table”, in Houston Chronicle:

The pairing of Thanksgiving and Hanukkah as Thanksgivukkah works so well, it raises the question among us daters -- why not pair up even more things in your life that can benefit you romantically?

2015, Mark Miller, 500 Dates: Dispatches from the Front Lines of the Online Dating Wars, →ISBN:

My mother requested that I make sufganiyot" -- Hanukkah jelly doughnuts -- "and did hear that some people are filling them with cranberry jam, which I think is a great idea for Thansgivukkah," Bialik chuckled.

2016, Vance Lehmkuhl, V for Veg: The Best of Philly’s Vegan Food Column, →ISBN:

This recipe is based on one of my contributions to Thanksgivukkah that has lived on past all of that jazz.

2016, Molly Yeh, Molly on the Range: Recipes and Stories from an Unlikely Life on a Farm, →ISBN:

(Judaism, US) A combined celebration of Thanksgiving and Hanukkah.


Caiaphas

Borrowed from Latin Caiāphās, from Ancient Greek Καϊάφας (Kaïáphas), from Hebrew קַיָפָא (qayafa).

A Jewish high priest in the first century CE who is said to have organized the plot to kill Jesus.

𐕄𐔰𐔺𐔰𐕢𐔰

A Jewish high priest in the first century CE.


Alphaeus

The name of the father of two of Jesus' disciples: Matthew and James, son of Alphaeus. Traditionally identified with Clopas.


Abiathar

(biblical) In the Old Testament, a Hebrew high priest during the reign of King David.


baraminic

(creationism) Of or relating to a baramin.


apobaramin

From apo- + baramin, coined by American creationist Walter ReMine in 1993.

coin

(creationism) A group of similar holobaramins.


holobaramin

From holo- + baramin, coined by American creationist Walter ReMine in 1993.

(creationism) A grouping of all organisms believed to be genetically related to each other in baraminology.


monobaramin

From mono- + baramin, coined by American creationist Walter ReMine in 1993.

(creationism) Part or all of a holobaramin; a group of organisms believed to be related to by common descent in baraminology.


polybaramin

From poly- + baramin, coined by American creationist Walter ReMine in 1993.

(creationism) A grouping of organisms that belong to different holobaramins.


polybaraminic

(creationism) Of or relating to a polybaramin.


holobaraminic

(creationism) Of or relating to a holobaramin.


monobaraminic

(creationism) Of or relating to a monobaramin.


mitpachat

Borrowed from Hebrew מִטפַּחַת (mitpáchat).


JCC

(US) Initialism of Jewish community center.

(Canada) Initialism of Jewish community centre.


marbit

(Judaism) The accrued interest on a loan.


rachmones

We all haven’t been lucky enough to have been born Jews, you know. So a little rachmones on the less fortunate, okay?

1969, Philip Roth, “The Jewish Blues”, in Portnoy’s Complaint, New York: Vintage, published 1994, page 75:

Jews are liberals because of rachmones, often translated as compassion, but really so much more.

2009 September 27, “‘Why Are Jews Liberals?’”, in New York Times:


creatard

creatards (plural)
creotard (alternative)


Holofernes

From Late Latin Holofernēs, Holophernēs, from Ancient Greek Ὀλοφέρνης (Olophérnēs), from Old Persian *Varufarnāh. Compare with Ancient Greek Ὀροφέρνης (Orophérnēs).

a character in the deuterocanonical Book of Judith, an invading general of Nebuchadnezzar, beheaded by Judith.


bark mitzvah

(informal) An observance and celebration of a dog's coming of age.


Haman

(biblical) A Persian vizier who, according to the Book of Esther, instigated a failed plot to kill all of the Jews of ancient Persia.


sugya

From Aramaic סוגיא (“walking”), same semantic shift as in case with הלכה.

(Judaism) A passage from the Gemara discussing a specific issue in the Mishna.


teach the controversy

en-verb

teach the controversy (third-person singular simple present teaches the controversy, present participle teaching the controversy, simple past and past participle taught the controversy)

teaches the controversy (present singular third-person)
teaching the controversy (participle present)
taught the controversy (participle past)
taught the controversy (past)

Recent developments in some of the states suggest that all public high school biology teachers may soon have to prepare themselves - whether they like it or not - to teach the controversy.

2008, Patrick H. Clancy, Teaching the Controversy: A How-to Guide for Public (Government) School Biology, Xulon Press, →ISBN:

Senator Rick Santorum is a Pennsylvanian in the same circles (author of the ' Santorum Language' that encourages schools to teach the controversy) ...

2009, Lauri Lebo, The Devil in Dover: An Insider's Story of Dogma V. Darwin in Small-town America, The New Press, →ISBN, page 111:

To the extent that ID is a religious idea, and teaching the controversy is not about teaching a real scientific controversy, there are significant endorsement problems .

2010, Frank S. Ravitch, Marketing Intelligent Design: Law and the Creationist Agenda, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 93:

(US, euphemistic, creationism) To teach that life forms may have been created (almost) in their current form by a sentient being in a manner consistent with Christian dogmata, rather than as a result of ordinary evolution, and that the theory of evolution is controversial.


Gomer

en-proper noun

Gomer (countable and uncountable, plural Gomers)

The sons of Japheth; Gomer, and Magog, and Madai, and Javan, and Tubal, and Meshech, and Tiras.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 10:2:


Yoshke

“And he’s not to mention Yoshke’s name once. If he does, we get up and leave.” / “He wants to know who Yoshke is.” Shoshanna giggled. / “I should teach him who Yoshke is? Yoshke, Yoisel, the guy on the cross, tell him.” / Very carefully, Shoshanna said, “Your gentleman on your cross.” She was afraid of saying Jesus.

(Judaism, euphemistic, derogatory) Jesus


son of God

Coordinate term: daughter of God

for you are the sons and daughters of God

(Judaism, Christianity, sometimes capitalised) A man who is beloved of God; a righteous man.


Haran

A variant of Haren, or a reduced form of Hanrahan, both Irish surnames.

(biblical) a place in the Bible, possibly identical to Harran in modern-day Turkey that served as Abraham's temporary home after God called him in Ur but before he departed, the place where his father Terah died

(biblical) one of Abraham's two brothers


Jacob's Pillow

(biblical) The stone mentioned in the Book of Genesis as having been used as a pillow by the Israelite patriarch Jacob at the place later called Bet-El. Since Jacob had a vision in his sleep, he then consecrated the stone to God. More recently, the stone has been claimed by Scottish folklore and British Israelism.


Shem HaMephorash

From Hebrew הַשֵּׁם הַמְפוֹרָשׁ (haššēm hamp̄ōrāš, literally “the explicit name”).

uder

הַשֵּׁם הַמְפוֹרָשׁ

Neither the divine name composed of twelve letters, nor the one of forty-two letters, ever obtained the title of Shem HaMephorash—this being the designation of the particular name, or the Tetragrammaton, as we have already propounded.

1865, Christian David Ginsburg, The Kabbalah: Its Doctrines, Development, and Literature, page 100:

The death penalty was inflicted only upon the blasphemer who used the Ineffable Name, the Shem HaMephorash, YHWH, or its equivalent Adonai (“Our Lord”).

1963, George Horowitz, The Spirit of Jewish Law:

And one time only he disobeyed the Rabbi Low, and Rabbi Low erased the Shem HaMephorash from the golem's forehead and the golem fell down like a dead one.

2014, Avram Davidson, The Avram Davidson Treasury, →ISBN:

Shaah - To lay waste, devastate; 28th name of Shem HaMephorash

2017, Brian Pivik, Gematria and the Tanakh, →ISBN, page 244:

(Judaism, mysticism) One of the esoteric names of God within Kabballah, corresponding to the Tetragrammaton, often referring to a 72-worded variant in particular.


kahen

(Judaism) a Haymanot religious role, analogous to a rabbi in other Jewish communities


assur

Wool which has been shorn from it or which has fallen off it is assur (prohibited for any beneficial use) and if it becomes mixed with other wool the whole becomes assur (Y.D. 308).

1968, Samson Raphael Hirsch, Horeb: A Philosophy of Jewish Laws and Observances:

In their commentary, the Tosafot conclude that it is assur to inflict a wound in one's body (chovel be'atzmo) even if he benefits from it.

2006, Rabbi Alfred S. Cohen, editor, Journal of Halacha and Contemporary Society, numbers 51–56:

After chatzos it is assur to daven shacharis.

2011 February 23, Philogos, “How To Understand Yeshivish”, in The Forward:


alamoth

Borrowed from Hebrew עֲלָמוֹת (‘ălāmōṯ, “women of childbearing age”), feminine plural of עֶלֶם (èlem, “man of marriageable age”).

bor

1 Chronicles 15:20 Zechariah, Jaaziel, Shemiramoth, Jehiel, Unni, Eliab, Maaseiah and Benaiah were to play the lyres according to alamoth ...

(biblical, music) soprano or, possibly, virgin


tumah

Borrowed from Hebrew טומאה / טֻמְאָה (tum'á).

he-l

טומאה / טֻמְאָה (tum'á)

(Judaism) A state of ritual impurity arising from contact with corpses, the corpses of certain non-kosher animals, certain bodily fluids, diseases, etc.


tzaraath

Borrowed from Hebrew צרעת (tsará'at), originally "smitten" or "struck" from various skin afflictions' supposed divine origin.

tsara'at (alternative)
tzoraas (alternative)
zaraath (alternative)

(Judaism) Any of various disfigurements of a person's skin, hair, clothing, or home understood as a kind of impurity requiring special rituals of atonement.

spitaali

any of various disfigurements associated with certain kinds of ritual impurity in Judaism


Elon

en-proper noun

Elon (countable and uncountable, plural Elons)

Elons (plural)
Elan (alternative)
Ilan (alternative)
Ilon (alternative)
Alan (alternative)
Alon (alternative)
Eilan (alternative)
Eilon (alternative)
Ailan (alternative)
Ailon (alternative)

From Hebrew אֵילֹן (ʼÊlōn, literally “oak tree”).

bor

And after him, Elon, a Zebulonite iudged Israel, and he iudged Israel ten yeeres.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Judges 12:11:

(biblical) A judge in the Old Testament.


ohel

(Judaism) A structure erected over the grave of a great and righteous person.


Zadkiel

Borrowed from Hebrew צָדְקִיאֵל, meaning "Righteousness of God".

Hebrew צָדְקִיאֵל

The archangel of freedom, benevolence and mercy, in Jewish and Christian angelology.


Asenath

Hebrew אָסְנַת (ʾāsənaṯ)

Asenith (alternative)
Aseneth (alternative)
Assaneth (alternative)
Osnat (alternative)

(biblical) An Egyptian woman whom Pharaoh gave to Joseph, son of Jacob, to be his wife, and who bore him two sons, Manasseh and Ephraim.


Jebusite

From Jebus + -ite, from the prior name of Jerusalem according to the Book of Kings.

A member of a Canaanite tribe said to have inhabited Jerusalem prior to its conquest by Joshua or King David.


Jehoiada

Hebrew יְהוֹיָדָע

(biblical) A prominent priest during the reigns of Ahaziah, Athaliah, and Joash. He became the brother-in-law of King Ahaziah and opposed the worship of Baal.


Haskalah

Hebrew הַשְׂכָּלָה

The Jewish Enlightenment, an Enlightenment movement among European Jewry.


Haskalic

Pertaining to the Haskalah (relating to the Jewish Enlightenment movement).


maskilic

(Judaism) Of or related to the maskilim.


raven-messenger

From raven + messenger. From the Biblical story of Noah, who released a raven after a flood to see if it had receded, but the bird did not return in a timely fashion.

A messenger or news-bringer who takes too long to arrive.


zeroa

(Judaism) The bone of a lamb shank, laid on a platter as one of five symbolic foods at Passover.


tahor

There are also observations in the Talmud that, e.g., tanners stink. However, odor doesn't prevent a person from becoming tahor.

2011 May 31, Yisroel Markov, “Leftwing anti-semitism”, in soc.culture.jewish.moderated (Usenet):


work of necessity

en-noun

work of necessity (countable and uncountable, plural works of necessity)

(Christianity, Judaism) Work that is sufficiently important to be done on the Sabbath, despite the usual prohibitions against working on that day.


shammatha

(Judaism, historical) The most severe form of excommunication among the ancient Jews.


Star of Bethlehem

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Star of Bethlehem.wav

(biblical) The bright star in the Gospel of Matthew that lead the "wise men from the East" to travel to Bethlehem.


Irad

And unto Enoch was born Irad: and Irad begat Mehujael: and Mehujael begat Methusael: and Methusael begat Lamech.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 4:18:


Mehujael

der

Hebrew מחויאל


Methusael

Hebrew מתושאל

And to Enoch was born Irad: and Irad begat Mehujael: and Mehujael begat Methusael: and Methusael begat Lamech.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 3:18:


Satmar

From Yiddish סאַטמאַר (satmar), from Hungarian Szatmár, the name of the city now known as Satu Mare. Doublet of Satu Mare.

An Hasidic Jewish dynasty, and the religious movement that follows it.


be gathered to one's fathers

en-verb

be<is,being,was,been> gathered to one's fathers

be gathered to one's fathers (third-person singular simple present is gathered to one's fathers, present participle being gathered to one's fathers, simple past was gathered to one's fathers, past participle been gathered to one's fathers)

is gathered to one's fathers (present singular third-person)
being gathered to one's fathers (participle present)
was gathered to one's fathers (past)
been gathered to one's fathers (participle past)

/biː ˈɡæðəd tuː wʌnz ˈfɑːðəz/

/bi ˈɡæðɚd tə wʌnz ˈfɑðɚz/

From various passages in the Bible, including Judges 2:10, and 1 Maccabees 2:69 in the Apocrypha (see the quotations), from
From Biblical Hebrew נֶאֶסְפוּ אֶל-אֲבוֹתָיו (neʾespū ʾel-ʾăḇôṯâw) and Koine Greek προσετέθη πρὸς τοὺς πατέρας αὐτοῦ (prosetéthē pròs toùs patéras autoû, Apocrypha).

der

נֶאֶסְפוּ אֶל-אֲבוֹתָיו

neʾespū ʾel-ʾăḇôṯâw

προσετέθη πρὸς τοὺς πατέρας αὐτοῦ

And alſo all that generacion was gathered vnto their fathers, and an other generacion aroſe after them, which nether knewe the Lord, nor yet the workes, which he had done for Iſraél.

[1560, [William Whittingham et al., transl.], The Bible and Holy Scriptures Conteyned in the Olde and Newe Testament. […] (the Geneva Bible), Geneva: […] Rouland Hall, →OCLC, Ivdges II:10, folio 109, recto:

So he bleſſed them, and was gathered to his fathers.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 1 Maccabees 2:69, column 1:

How many prayers, offered up by ſerious and regenerated believers for their ungodly children, have been anſwered years after the humble petitioners have been gathered to their fathers!

1795 January, “Repentance, Conversion, and Dying Experience of a Poor Prostitute”, in The Evangelical Magazine, London: […] T. Chapman, […], →OCLC, page 8:

Besides the probate, large fees are demanded for burying him in the chancel; his virtues are handed down to posterity on taxed marble; and he is then gathered to his fathers,—to be taxed no more.

1820 January, [Sydney Smith], “Art. III. Statistical Annals of the United States of America. By Adam Seybert. 4to. Philadelphia, 1818. [book review]”, in The Edinburgh Review, or Critical Journal, volume XXXIII, number LXV, Edinburgh: Printed by David Willison, for Archibald Constable and Company; London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown, →OCLC, page 78:

We have seen how William the Conqueror has been gathered to his fathers. Usual pageantries ensued: loud praises bestowed upon the departed monarch by those who enjoyed his bounty or profited by his patronage.

1864, Francis Palgrave, “The Events Consequent upon the Accession of Rufus in England, and of Robert in Normandy”, in [Francis Turner Palgrave], editor, The History of Normandy and of England, volumes IV (William Rufus—Accession of Henry Beauclerc), London: Macmillan & Co., […], →OCLC, § 1, page 1:

In the course of years this worthy couple were gathered to their fathers and headlines on old tombs in the Means cemetery indicate that they found a resting place there many years ago.

1909, Edward H. Chadwick, “James Robert Means”, in Chadwick’s History of Shelby County, Indiana, Indianapolis, Ind.: B. F. Bowen & Company, →OCLC, page 915:

I am well over sixty and must expect to be gathered to my fathers sooner rather than later. Who will then be left to carry on the family traditions in a worthy manner?

2004, chapter 24, in Vladimir Kean, transl., Beyond the Golden Lotus: Chin P’ing Mei, London, New York, N.Y.: Kegan Paul, →ISBN, page 303:

[T]he offender is to be "cut off" (either the offender's line of descendants will cease, or the offender is barred from "being gathered to his fathers" in the afterlife).

2005, Victor P. Hamilton, “A Holiness Manifesto: Leviticus 17–27”, in Handbook on the Pentateuch, 2nd (ebook) edition, Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Academic, Baker Publishing Group, published 29 April 2015, →ISBN, part 3 (Leviticus):

(biblical and literary, dated) To be buried together with one's forebears; hence, to die.

נֶאֱסָף אֶל אֲבוֹתָיו

to be buried together with one's forebears — see also die

отпра́виться к праотца́м (otprávitʹsja k praotcám, literally “to depart to one’s forefathers”)


Gaonic

(historical, Judaism) related to the Geonim or their era


hallel

(Judaism) A hymn of praise chanted during the Passover supper, consisting of Psalms cxiii to cxviii.


Gadarene swine

2000 [1908, Weiser Books], R. Campbell Thompson, Semitic Magic: Its Origins and Development, Red Wheel/Weiser, page 208,
The most remarkable parallel to this spell is contained in the New Testament story of the Gadarene swine.

In fact, Hamsun now completes his allusion to the story of the Gadarene swine alluded to by Pauline in the previous novel. That the reader is expected to recall the Biblical story is quite evident from one simple fact: the number of sheep, according to August's rough reckoning, is "over two thousand"; the herd of Gadarene swine numbered "about two thousand."

2005, Sverre Lyngstad, Knut Hamsun, Novelist: A Critical Assessment, Peter Lang, page 294:

Here Dostoevsky uses the biblical story of the Gadarene swine—a tale of unclean devils that, having been exorcised from a sick or mad man by Christ, enter a herd of swine that then rushes headlong down a steep bank into the sea (Mark 5:2-20)—to generate a series of analogies that suggest that Russia is a sick or mad man possessed by devils and that the swine that the devils enter upon being exorcised are the revolutionaries (Devils, 647–48). In The Master of Petersburg, however, Coetzee applies the story of the Gadarene swine not only to Russia and the phenomenon of revolutionary nihilism but also to the character Dostoevsky himself.

2006, Michael Marais, “4: Death and the Space of the Response to the Other in J. M. Coetzee's Master of Petersburg”, in Jane Poyner, editor, J. M. Coetzee and the Idea of the Public Intellectual, Ohio University Press, page 87:

(biblical) A herd of swine that become possessed by demons after the latter are exorcised from men, in a parable told in each of the Synoptic Gospels, although not the Gospel of John.


black wedding

On the eve of the wedding of Hekht's protagonist, Isaac Seltz, war breaks out, his future father-in-law dies, and an epidemic begins. Seltz would prefer to put off the wedding but the inhabitants of the Jewish quarter do not allow it: When Seltz heard it, he was horrified, but he did not speak out. The news of the black wedding already spread in the town. They were looking for beggars, but they had all fled from town.

2008, Zsuzsa Hetényi, In a Maelstrom: The History of Russian-Jewish Prose (1860-1940):

For another description of such a wedding, see Kirshenblatt and Kirshenblatt-Gimblett, They Called Me Mayer July, 13–14, where a cholera epidemic in 1892 inspired a shvartse khasene (black wedding) between a poor bachelor whose job it was to clean the communal bath and young woman who had lost both parents and was therefore a kalekhidke yesoyme, or “round orphan.

2011, Nathaniel Deutsch, S An-Ski, The Jewish Dark Continent, →ISBN, page 263:

The unusual Jewish custom of the shvartze chaseneh or “black wedding” goes back to the shtetls (small towns) of Eastern Europe in the days when cholera and other diseases were epidemic in humid summers.

2014, Yale Strom -, The Wedding That Saved a Town, →ISBN:

Some did not want to hear such rational explanations, and on 1 October, Odessa bore witness to a black wedding.

2017, Laura Spinney, Pale Rider: The Spanish Flu of 1918 and How it Changed the World:

An ancient Jewish ritual involving a wedding between two mourners that takes place in a graveyard, intended to obtain help from the dead in ending an epidemic.

שוואַרצע חתונה

Jewish wedding taking place in a cemetery


frummer

From Yiddish פֿרומער [ייִד] (frumer [yid], “pious [Jew]”).

bor

פֿרומער 􂀿ייִד􂁀

(Judaism) A Jew who is frum (pious and observant of Jewish laws and customs).


Epistle of James

(biblical) The twentieth book of the New Testament.


heave offering

(Judaism) A voluntary Jewish offering lifted up before the Lord by the priest.


terumah

en-noun

terumah (plural terumot or terumoth or terumahs)

terumot (plural)
terumoth (plural)
terumahs (plural)

bor

Hebrew תְּרוּמָה


neo-testamentary

/ˌniːəʊˌtɛstəˈmɛntəɹi/

PIE word
 *tréyes
From neo- (prefix meaning ‘new’) + testamentary (“pertaining to a testament or will”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes (“three”) + *steh₂- (“to stand (up)”), indicating a third party standing as a witness to two parties to a contract or dispute).

prefix

One of the revisionist Protestant strategies aimed to justify repudiation of Catholicism was the gendering of religious behaviour[…]. At its simplest, yet most insidiously dangerous, it associated vetero-testamentary or pre-conversion characters with the old/Catholic religion and gendered them feminine or effeminate—unruly speech- and behaviour-wise, viz. overly emotional, even exhibitionist and ultimately anti-Christian. By contrast, positive neo-testamentary characters, Christian converts and generally reformed figures were deemed the true Christians/Protestants.

2018, Estella Ciobanu, “Commemorations of Christ’s Passion Body: Ostentatio Vulnerum, Redemptive Theology and Violence of Representation in the Post-Crucifixion Plays”, in Representations of the Body in Middle English Biblical Drama (The New Middle Ages), Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan, Springer Nature, →DOI, →ISBN, footnote 31, page 229:

Of or pertaining to the New Testament of the Bible.

новазапаве́тны

of or pertaining to the New Testament of the Bible


vetero-testamentary

/ˌvɛtəɹəʊˌtɛstəˈmɛntəɹi/

/ˌvɛtɹəʊˌtɛstəˈmɛntɹi/

/ˌvɛtəɹoʊˌtɛstəˈmɛntəɹi/

[ˌvɛɾəɹoʊˌtɛstəˈmɛnɾəɹi]

PIE word
 *tréyes
From Latin vetus, veteris (“ancient, old”) + English testamentary (“pertaining to a testament or will”).

But whether the Christians knew, at the beginning, image-signs of Jewish making or only Jewish prayers with the formula: Save me as you have saved Noah, etc., the great proportion of veterotestamentary salvations in the catacombs and on the sarcophagi, but especially in the catacombs, makes it very probable that there was some initial Jewish contribution.

1961, André Grabar, “The First Steps”, in Christian Iconography: A Study of Its Origins (The A. W. Mellon Lectures in the Fine Arts; Bollingen Series; XXXV.10), Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, →OCLC, page 11:

By this brief analysis of vetero-testamentary evolution of the notion of the altar we simply wish to show the solicitude for and importance of the altar for the Jews of old.

1963 August, Peter Riga, “Origins and Meaning of the Christian Altar”, in The American Ecclesiastical Review, volume CXLIX, number 2, Washington, D.C.: The Catholic University of America Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 102:

Episcopal benedictions generally occur before Communion during mass (after Communion, according to Gulielmus Durandus of Mende). These are inspired by the vetero-testamentary benediction of the Book of Numbers (6:22–26) and include three invocations, often rhythmic and rich with assonance, to which the people respond with "Amen."

1983, Pierre-Marie Gy, “BENEDICTIONS”, in edited by Joseph R[eese] Strayer, Dictionary of the Middle Ages, volumes 2 (Augustinus Triumphus–Byzantine Literature), New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner’s Sons, →ISBN, page 178, column 1:

Indeed, a determination that would limit itself to opposing the "true God" (icon) to the "false gods," in extending the polemic of the vetero-testamentary prophets, would not be suitable here.

1991, Jean-Luc Marion, “The Idol and the Icon”, in Thomas A. Carlson, transl., God without Being […] (Religion and Postmodernism), Chicago, Ill., London: University of Chicago Press, published 1995, →ISBN, pages 7–8:

One can go even further and remark that it is in the infancy stories, just where the humanity of the Messiah appears, that Luke picks up the veterotestamentary themes of the actual presence and the voice of God and applies them to Jesus.

1995, François Bovon, “The Importance of Meditations in Luke’s Theological Plan”, in Jane Haapiseva-Hunter, transl., New Testament Traditions and Apocryphal Narratives, Eugene, Or.: Pickwick Publications, Wipf and Stock, published 22 October 2008, →ISBN, page 57:

Commentators have long remarked the legendary style of the account of preparation of the festive room by two disciples who meet a man carrying an urn of water who leads them to an unknown but providential landlord (Mk 14,12–16). This account is modelled on the vetero-testamentary episode of the recovery of the asses of Saul by Samuel (I Sam 10,3–6).

1999, Jean-Marie van Cangh, “Evolution in the Tradition of the Last Supper (Mk 14,22–26 and par.)”, in Bernd Kollmann, Wolfgang Reinbold, Annette Steudel, editors, Antikes Judentium und Frühes Christentum: Festschrift für Hartmut Stegemann zum 65. Geburtstag [Ancient Judaism and Early Christianity: Festschrift for Hartmut Stegemann for His 65th Birthday] (Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für die neutestamentliche Wissenschaft und die Kunde der älteren Kirche [Supplements to the Journal for New Testament Studies and the Ancient Church]; 97), Berlin, New York, N.Y.: Walter De Gruyter, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 376:

The veterotestamentary analogies embody a constitutional and moral value whereby the Nemanjid dynasty is granted historical and charismatic legitimacy.

2013, Alexandra F. Vukovich, “Motherhood as Authority in the Life of Queen Helen by Archbishop Daniel II”, in Sini Kangas, Mia Korpiola, Tuija Ainonen, editors, Authorities in the Middle Ages: Influence, Legitimacy, and Power in Medieval Society, Berlin, Boston, Mass.: Walter De Gruyter, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 263:

Of or pertaining to the Old Testament of the Bible.

Berlin State Library
Book of Genesis
Gutenberg Bible

старазапаве́тны

of or pertaining to the Old Testament of the Bible


broker than the Ten Commandments

en-adj

broker than the Ten Commandments (comparative form only)

En-au-broker than the Ten Commandments.ogg

A pun on the sense of broke 'without money' and broken, with potential reference both to Moses' destruction ('breaking') of the tablets on Mount Sinai (Exodus 32:19) and sinners' violation ('breaking') of the Ten Commandments in daily life.

I needed money—Dad would have said I was broker than the Ten Commandments—so I went to get my old job back...

(simile, humorous, dated) Extremely impoverished.


sleep with one's fathers

en-verb

sleep with one's fathers (third-person singular simple present sleeps with one's fathers, present participle sleeping with one's fathers, simple past and past participle slept with one's fathers)

sleeps with one's fathers (present singular third-person)
sleeping with one's fathers (participle present)
slept with one's fathers (participle past)
slept with one's fathers (past)

Calque of Biblical Hebrew וַיִּשְׁכַּב עִם־אֲבֹתָיו (wayyiškaḇ ʿim-ʾăḇōṯâw, literally “he slept with his fathers”) (found, for example, in the Bible at 1 Kings 2:10); compare be gathered to one's fathers.

calque

וַיִּשְׁכַּב עִם־אֲבֹתָיו

(biblical and literary, dated or obsolete) To be buried together with one's forebears; hence, to die; also, to be dead.


Bethsaida

From Hebrew/Aramaic בית צידה (bet tsaida, “house of hunting”).

der

/ˌbɛθˈseɪ.ɪ.ɾə/

/bɛθˈseɪ.ɪ.ɾə/

(biblical) Either of the two villages, Bethesda Julias and Bethesda of Galilee, mentioned in the New Testament.


Bethsaida

Alternate reading of Bethesda, from Aramaic חַסְדָּא (bēṯ ḥasdā, “House of Grace”).

/ˌbɛθˈseɪ.ɪ.ɾə/

/bɛθˈseɪ.ɪ.ɾə/


Judeo-Christo-Islamic

en-adj

Judeo-Christo-Islamic (comparative more Judeo-Christo-Islamic, superlative most Judeo-Christo-Islamic)

more Judeo-Christo-Islamic (comparative)
most Judeo-Christo-Islamic (superlative)
Judaeo-Christo-Islamic (alternative)

(religion) Encompassing Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.


chazeret

The chazeret and maror are bitter herbs that bring tears to the eyes to reflect the slavery in Egypt. The maror is often horseradish, while the chazeret is normally romaine lettuce.

2021, Yvonne Riddick, Courage for My Journey from Eternity to Eternity:

(Judaism) A symbolic bitter herb eaten at Passover, typically Romaine lettuce, used in the korech sandwich.


Septuagintal

/ˌsɛpʃəwəˈd͡ʒɪnl/

/ˌsɛpt͡ʃəwəˈd͡ʒɪnl/

/ˌsɛpʃəwəˈd͡ʒɪntl/

/ˌsɛpt͡ʃəwəˈd͡ʒɪntl/

/ˌsɛptʃʊəˈd͡ʒɪntl/


Sennacherib

From Latin Sennacherib, ultimately from Akkadian 𒁹𒌍𒉽𒈨𒌍𒋢 (/Sîn-ahhī-erība/, “Sîn has replaced the brothers”).

der

The king of the Neo-Assyrian Empire from 705 BCE to 681 BCE, famous for the role he plays in the Bible which describes his campaign in the Levant.


shuckle

en-verb

shuckle (third-person singular simple present shuckles, present participle shuckling, simple past and past participle shuckled)

shuckles (present singular third-person)
shuckling (participle present)
shuckled (participle past)
shuckled (past)
shokel (alternative)

From Yiddish שאָקלען (shoklen). Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *skukkijaną.

(Judaism) To sway back and forth during Jewish prayer.


muktzeh

muktza (alternative)
muktzah (alternative)
muktze (alternative)

Taking the Four Species in hand on Shabbat is considered muktza

1996, Macy Nulman, The Encyclopedia of Jewish Prayer, page 259:

(Judaism) Of objects: restricted from being moved (and sometimes touched) during Shabbat and holidays.


tefach

(Judaism) A biblical unit of measure, the palm or handbreadth.


Star of the Sea

From Middle English sterre of þe see, a calque of Latin Stella Maris (“Polaris, the North Star; Mary, mother of Jesus”) and direct translation from the Latin and its descendants in other languages. Cf. Morning Star.

der

(Christianity) Synonym of Mary, mother of Jesus.

Estela do Mar

Mary, Mother of Jesus — see also Mary, Virgin Mary


Blessed Virgin

Calque of Latin Beato Virgo and its descendants in other languages.

(Christianity) Synonym of Virgin Mary (“Mary, mother of Jesus”), particularly in Catholic contexts.


Queen of Heaven

Calque of Latin Regina Caeli and its descendants in other languages. Cf. Our Lady.

(Christianity, chiefly Catholicism) Synonym of Mary, mother of Jesus, in particular reference to her role as queen of Heaven.

বেহেশ্তের রাণী

Mary, mother of Jesus, as queen of Heaven — see also Mary, Mother of God, Our Lady, Our Lady of Sorrows


shaggy God story

en-noun

shaggy God story (plural shaggy God stories)

shaggy God stories (plural)
shaggy god story (alternative)

A pun on shaggy dog story, incorporating God. Coined by writer and critic Brian W. Aldiss in a pseudonymous column in the October 1965 issue of New Worlds.

A typical shaggy God story might feature a pair of astronauts landing on a lush and virgin world; the story ends with their names being revealed as Adam and Eve.

(science fiction) A style of science fiction story that attempts to explain biblical concepts with science fiction tropes.


Veadar

From Hebrew וְאֲדָר (v-Adár, literally “and Adar”).

der

(Judaism) The month of Adar when it occurs in a leap year, preceded by a 30-day intercalary month (which is then itself called Adar).


Holy Mary

(Christianity) Synonym of Saint Mary (“Mary, mother of Jesus”).


Revised Standard Version

the Revised Standard Version (canonical)

Since the Revised Standard Version only claims to be a revision of the American Standard Version the sources and background of which are quite fully discussed under the heading of "Revisions" in a previous chapter it is not further discussed here.

1996, Elton Jones, Which Bible?, page 40:

(biblical, Christianity) An English translation of the Bible published in 1952 by the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the USA, based on the earlier American Standard Version.


neshama

neshamas (plural)
neshamah (alternative)

From Hebrew נְשָׁמָה (n'shamá, “spirit”).

(Judaism) One of the cabalistic aspects of the soul, related to intellect and the awareness of God.


wave loaf

(Judaism, historical) A loaf for a wave offering.


wave offering

(Judaism, historical) An ancient Jewish custom of moving the hands in succession towards the four points of the compass in presenting certain offerings; opposed to the heave offering, in which the hands were only lifted up and lowered.


crypto-Jew

Ms. Sheinbaum will legislate from buildings in downtown Mexico City near the Palace of the Inquisition, where crypto-Jews—a term used to describe Jews who were forced to convert to Christianity by the Spanish crown in the 15th century but continued to practice Judaism in secrecy—were tortured during the colonial period.

2024 March 17, Ilan Stavans, “Will Mexico’s Claudia Sheinbaum, a Jewish Woman, Blaze a Trail or Follow One?”, in The New York Times:

A person who, while publicly converting to another religion (such as Christianity or Islam), secretly practices Judaism.


crypto-Judaism

Anusim

cf. Hebrew: אָנוּס (anús); אֲנוּסִים (anusím); אֲנוּסָה (anusá), אֲנוּסוֹת (anusót)


nefesh

(Judaism) One of the cabalistic aspects of the soul, related to natural instinct.


ruach

Despite the misuse of the virginal conception to disparage women’s active use of their sexuality, this event actually subverts patriarchy by replacing the usual male participation with ruah, the creative Spirit of God.

2000 June 17, Elizabeth A. Johnson, “Mary of Nazareth: Friend of God and Prophet”, in America, volume 182, number 21:

(Judaism) One of the cabalistic aspects of the soul, related to emotion and morality.


yechidah

From Hebrew יְחִידָה (y'khidá, “unity”).

(Judaism) One of the cabalistic aspects of the soul, that of being one with God.


New Jerusalem

And I John saw the holy city, new Jerusalem, coming down from God out of heaven, prepared as a bride adorned for her husband.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Revelation 21:2:

When she sang in the kirk, folk have told me that they had a foretaste of the musick of the New Jerusalem, and when she came in by the village of Caulds old men stottered to their doors to look at her.

1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide:

(Judaism) Ezekiel's prophetic vision of a city centred on the rebuilt Holy Temple, the Third Temple, to be established in Jerusalem, which would be the capital of the Messianic Kingdom, the meeting place of the twelve tribes of Israel, during the Messianic era.


Abijah

From Hebrew אביה, name of the king and also several minor biblical characters.

Abiah (alternative)
Abijam (alternative)

Now in the eighteenth year of king Jeroboam the son of Nebat reigned Abijam over Judah.

(biblical) King of Judah after Rehoboam, the first to begin reign over Judah only; the father of Asa


Ma Tovu

From Hebrew מה טבו (or מה טובו), the first two words of the prayer, literally meaning “how good”.

(Judaism) A prayer in Judaism, recited when entering a synagogue.


daughter of God

en-noun

daughter of God (plural daughters of God)

Coordinate term: son of God

for you are the sons and daughters of God

(Judaism, Christianity, sometimes capitalised) A woman who is beloved of God; a righteous woman.


Aion

From Ancient Greek Αἰών (Aiṓn, “Greek god or personification, Gnostic spirit”).

bor

Eon (alternative)
Aeon (alternative)
Æon (alternative)

(Gnosticism) Alternative spelling of aeon


Proto-Isaiah

(Christianity, Judaism) Chapters 1 to 39 of the Biblical book of Isaiah, thought to be the actual words of Isaiah.


Deutero-Isaiah

(Christianity, Judaism) Chapters 40 to 55 of the Biblical book of Isaiah, thought to be the work of an anonymous 6th-century BCE author writing during the Exile.


Trito-Isaiah

(Christianity, Judaism) Chapters 56 to 66 of the Biblical book of Isaiah, thought to have been composed after the return from Exile.


KJB

King James Bible
King James Bible#English


by Allah

From Arabic الله (allāh, “the deity, God”). Compare by God.

“Oh!” said the King, “by Allah! but vengeance is an inspiriting pleasure!”

1878, Mariana Monteiro, Allah-Akbar. God is Great, page 101:

(Islam) An exclamation of surprise or excitement, oh my God! good Lord!


mesirah

From Hebrew מְסִירָה f (m'sira, “a turning over”).

der

(Judaism) The act by which one Jew reports the conduct of another Jew to a non-rabbinic authority in a manner prescribed by Rabbinic Law.


rootless cosmopolitan

en-noun

rootless cosmopolitan (plural rootless cosmopolitans)

Calque of Russian безро́дный космополи́т (bezródnyj kosmopolít).

calque

безро́дный космополи́т

(euphemistic, derogatory) A Jew, particularly in the context of the antisemitic campaign in the Soviet Union from 1948 to 1953.


Simeonite

(Christianity) A follower of the Cambridge evangelical preacher Charles Simeon (1759-1836), whose influence is perpetuated by the Simeon Trust, established for purchasing advowsons.


neo-creationism

A pseudoscientific movement which attempts to reframe Christian creationism in more scientific terms, rather than citing Biblical scripture to support their claims.


neo-creationist

neo-creationists (plural)
neocreationist (alternative)


abrupt appearance theory

the abrupt appearance theory (canonical)
abrupt appearance (alternative)
theory of abrupt appearance (alternative)

(creationism) A neo-creationist hypothesis which claims that the first life and the universe appeared abruptly, and that plants and animals appeared abruptly in complex form.

punctuated equilibrium

scientific hypothesis with a degree of analogy but entirely consistent with evolution


baraminologically

en-adv

baraminologically (comparative more baraminologically, superlative most baraminologically)

more baraminologically (comparative)
most baraminologically (superlative)

(creationism) In a baraminological manner.


archaebaramin

(creationism) A group of the originally created members of a baramin.


neobaramin

(rare, creationism) A group of the currently alive members of a baramin.


paleobaramin

(rare, creationism) A group of older, now deceased members of a holobaramin.


creationist orchard

Analogous to the tree of life, to which the diagram was created in opposition.

(pseudoscience) A diagram referenced by Christian creationists that illustrates the alleged origins of multiple unrelated created kinds of species.


day-age creationism

Old Earth creationism
Old Earth creationism

A type of Old Earth creationism which posits that the six days referred to in the Genesis account of creation are not ordinary 24-hour days, but are much longer periods (from thousands to billions of years).


day-age

the day-age approach


day-ager

A day-age creationist; a proponent of day-age creationism.


day-age creationist

en-noun

day-age creationist (plural day-age creationists)


anticreationist

en-adj

anticreationist (comparative more anticreationist, superlative most anticreationist)

more anticreationist (comparative)
most anticreationist (superlative)


procreationist

(rare) Someone who supports creationism.


gap creationism

A type of Old Earth creationism which posits that the six days referred to in the Genesis account of creation are literal 24-hour days, but that there was a gap of time between two distinct creations in the first and the second verses of Genesis. The hypothesis states that this explains many scientific observations, including the age of the Earth.


gap creationist

en-noun

gap creationist (plural gap creationists)


progressive creationism

A type of Old Earth creationism which posits that God created new forms of life gradually over a period of hundreds of millions of years.


progressive creationist

en-adj

progressive creationist (not comparable)

progressive creationism
progressive creationism

Of or related to progressive creationism.


progressive creationist

en-noun

progressive creationist (plural progressive creationists)


theistic evolutionist

theistic evolutionist (plural theistic evolutionists)


evolutionary creationist

evolutionary creationist (plural evolutionary creationists)

evolutionary creationism
evolutionary creationism

A proponent of evolutionary creationism; someone who believes in theistic evolution.


creation scientist

creation scientist (plural creation scientists)

Thomas Kuhn had just published his theory of paradigm shifts and scientific revolutions, a brilliant (and controversial) analysis perennially abused by climate-change deniers and creation-scientists, who take him to have said that there’s no way to distinguish kooks from Galileo.

2013 October 22, Alan Levinovitz, “Chairman Mao Invented Traditional Chinese Medicine”, in Slate:

Someone who studies and advocates creation science.


intelligent designer

intelligent designer (plural intelligent designers)

From intelligent design + -er (“supporter”).

A proponent of the intelligent design hypothesis.


AiG

(creationism) Initialism of Answers in Genesis.


rabbinist

(Judaism) One who adheres to the Talmud and traditions of the rabbis.


watch of the night

watch of the night (plural watches of the night)

Loan translation of Latin vigilia noctis.

(timekeeping, historical, biblical) In Antiquity, one of four divisions of the night (each equivalent to three hours).


kezayit

(Judaism) An amount of something, usually food, about the size of an olive.


Esav

Next, R. Moskowitz brings us to the Slonimer Rebbe, a late 20th century Hasidic rabbi, who taught that the evil of Esav was that very sense of completion, the self-perception that he had no need for growth or further transformation.

2019, Rachel Timoner, “Book Review: Textual Activism by Rabbi Mike Moskowitz”, in Tikkun:

(Judaism) The son of Yitzhak and Rivka and the older twin brother of Yaakov.


Yaakov

In contrast, Yaakov is associated with the month of Elul, a month characterized by contemplation, in which we, Yaakov’s children, consider our own needed transformation.

(Judaism) The son of Yitzhak and Rivka, twin brother of Esav, and patriarch of the Jews.


Anusim

From Hebrew אֲנוּסִים (literally “compelled ones”).

bor

(Judaism) A Jew who violates Jewish law or is an apostate due to coercion, such as state persecution, often living as crypto-Jews.


zav

en-noun

zav (countable and uncountable, plural zavs)

(Judaism, uncountable) A state of ritual impurity arising from abnormal seminal discharge by the male.

(Judaism, countable) A person who is impure for this reason.


go in unto

en-verb

go in unto (third-person singular simple present goes in unto, present participle going in unto, simple past went in unto, past participle gone in unto)

goes in unto (present singular third-person)
going in unto (participle present)
went in unto (past)
gone in unto (participle past)

And Judah said unto Onan, Go in unto thy brother's wife, and marry her, and raise up seed to thy brother.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 38:8:

If any man take a wife, and go in unto her, and hate her, And give occasions of speech against her, and bring up an evil name upon her […]

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Deuteronomy 22:13–17:

(obsolete, biblical) Of a man: to have sexual intercourse with (a woman).


Kabbalic

kabbalic (alternative)
Cabbalic (alternative)
cabbalic (alternative)

While the practices of Kabbala were known in Europe from very early times, the expulsion of Spain's Jews in 1492 resulted in a great influx of Kabbalic lore into the Latin kingdoms.

2002, Frank Swetz, Legacy of the Luoshu:

To assist in the spiritual awakening of his disciples, Jesus taught them a form of Kabbalic Yoga which had been handed down word of mouth from the Essenes, the School of Prophets, and the Levites.

2011, Mark Amaru Pinkham, The Return of the Serpents of Wisdom:

However, even more important than Shalom Ashkenazi, for the increasingly official acceptance of gilgul, was the book, the Sefer ha-Gilgulim (Book of Transmigration), by Hayim Vital (1543–1620), a disciple of the renowned Kabbalic mystic Isaac Luria.

2018, Norman C. McClelland, Encyclopedia of Reincarnation and Karma, page 133:

(Judaism) Concerning the Kabballah; cabalistic.


pashkevil

(Judaism) A poster put up in an Orthodox Jewish community, especially a Haredi enclave, to advise on correct behaviour.


agunah

en-noun

agunah (plural agunahs or agunot or agunoth)

agunahs (plural)
agunot (plural)
agunoth (plural)
aguna (alternative)

Borrowed from Hebrew עגונה (“chained woman”).

A woman may become an agunah either through her husband's accidental disappearance or through his willful desertion, although accidental disappearance constitutes the main source of difficulty.

1986, Menachem M. Brayer, The Jewish Woman in Rabbinic Literature, page 187:

The problem of the agunah, the woman (or man) who is chained to a marriage and unable to free herself from this marriage, is not a new one.

2001, Michael J. Broyde, Marriage, Divorce, and the Abandoned Wife in Jewish Law:

Our Master could see the agony of his little relative who was not yet fifteen and was already an agunah. He put aside all his civic affairs and obligations and even his regular lectures on Maimonides and Alfasi and began to look into the matter of freeing this agunah.

2014, S. Y. Agnon, The Parable and Its Lesson: A Novella, pages 10–11:

A Jewish woman who is trapped in a marriage from which she cannot escape, either because her husband has disappeared or because he will not grant her a gett.


high place

[…] Jehoſaphat took avvay the high places, and in the third year of his reign ſent ſome of his Princes, and of the Prieſts and Levites, to teach in the cities of Judah: […]

a. 1728 (date written), Isaac Newton, “Introduction Concerning the Compilers of the Books of the Old Testament”, in Observations upon the Prophecies of Daniel, and the Apocalypse of St. John. […], London: […] J. Darby and T. Browne […]; and sold by J. Roberts […], published 1733, →OCLC, part I (Observations upon the Prophecies of Daniel), page 3:


Zoar

Mentioned in the Bible in Genesis 19:22, 23, and 30 as the place where Lot fled with his wife and two daughters to escape death, when Yahweh destroyed the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah. From Hebrew צֹעַר (tso`ar, “insignificance, smallness”). Was present in Old English as Sægor.

m+

And Lot lifted vp his eyes, and beheld all the plaine of Iordane, that it was well watered euery where before the Lord destroyed Sodome and Gomorah, euen as the garden of the LORD, like the land of Egypt, as thou commest vnto Zoar.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 13:10:

(biblical) One of the Pentapolis, the five ancient cities in the Jordan valley.


Book of Life

From Middle English bok of lyfe, boke of lyfe. Compare Old English līflīċ bōc (“Book of Life”).

(Christianity, Judaism) The book in which God is said to record the name of every person who is destined for heaven or the world to come.


tebam

(Judaism, architecture) A dais or rostrum for the reader in a synagogue.


ESV

English Standard Version
w:English Standard Version

(biblical) Initialism of English Standard Version.


onomatodoxy

Borrowed from Russian ономатодо́ксия (onomatodóksija), from Ancient Greek ὄνομα (ónoma, “name”) + δόξα (dóxa, “glory”), meaning “name-glorification”. Compare Russian имясла́вие (imjaslávije).

bor

ономатодо́ксия

(Eastern Orthodoxy) The doctrine that the name of God is God himself.


onomatodox

(Eastern Orthodoxy) Relating to, supporting or advocating onomatodoxy.


Luke-Acts

Acts of the Apostles
Acts of the Apostles

The composite work of the Gospel of Luke and the Acts of the Apostles in the New Testament.


sefirah

sefiroth (plural)
sefirot (plural)
sephirah (alternative)
sephira (alternative)
sefira (alternative)

From Hebrew סְפִירָה (s'firá, “sefirah”, literally “counting, enumeration”), plural סְפִירוֹת (s'firót).

derived

Other nights, depending on how swanky the function and fashionable the gown, there might also be observed, tattooed in exquisite symmetry below Madame Eskimoff's bared nape, the Kabbalist Tree of Life, with the names of the Sephiroth spelled out in Hebrew, which had brought her more than enough of that uniquely snot-nosed British anti-Semitism

2006, Thomas Pynchon, Against the Day, Vintage, published 2007, page 256:

The kabbalists also called the first sefirah, the dark flame that started the revelatory/creative process, "Nothing", because it did not correspond to any reality that we could conceive.

2007, Karen Armstrong, The Bible: The Biography, Atlantic, published 2008, page 249:

(Kabballah) Each of the ten attributes that God created, through which he can project himself to the universe and man.

counting of the Omer
counting of the Omer

(Judaism) The counting of the Omer, that is, the period of 49 days between Passover and Shavuot.


Young Earth creationist

en-noun

Young Earth creationist (plural Young Earth creationists)

Young Earth creationism
Young Earth creationism


flooddidit

From Flood + did + it, modelled after goddidit.

(slang) A sarcastic assertion that something that has not been satisfactorily explained by science is therefore evidence of the Biblical Flood as described in the book of Genesis.


shaliah

shaliahs (plural)
shaliach (alternative)
shliach (alternative)

bor

Hebrew שָלִיחַ

(Judaism) A legal agent; one who performs an act of legal significance for another.


unterfirer

(Judaism) One who escorts the bride or groom to the chuppah; typically a parent.


Christotokos

From Koine Greek Χριστοτόκος (Khristotókos, “Christ-bearer”), from Χριστός (Khristós, “Christ”) + τόκος (tókos, “childbirth, bearer”).

(Christianity) Synonym of Mother of God, Mary, mother of Jesus, in her role as the mother of the Messiah, particularly in Greek contexts.


Adar Sheni

From Hebrew אדר שׁני (literally “second Adar.”).


candlelighting

en-noun

candlelighting (countable and uncountable, plural candlelightings)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-candlelighting.wav

(Judaism) The specific time eighteen minutes before sundown when Shabbat or holiday candles are supposed to be lit, according to halacha.


barches

From Yiddish ברכות (brokhes, “blessings”).


Marcion

/ˈmɑː(ɹ)ʃən/

/ˈmɑː(ɹ)ʃʌ̈ʊ̯n/

From Late Latin Mārciōn (from Koine Greek Μᾱρκῑ́ων (Mārkī́ōn, diminutive of Ancient Greek Μᾶρκος (Mârkos, from Mārcus (from Mārs + -cus)))), from Old Latin Māvors and Proto-Indo-European *-kos.

der

(Christianity, Gnosticism, philosophy, history) Marcion of Sinope, 2nd century AD theologian, philosopher, preacher and founder of Marcionism, a Hellenistic Christian religious belief system influenced by Gnostic theology; compiled the first Biblical canon, consisting solely of Greek New Testament scriptures, totally rejecting the scriptural authority of the Hebrew Tanakh adopted as the canonical Old Testament of the Christian Bible


Chronicler

The Chronicler's survey of events in the history of Judah (often, but not always, from a positive perspective) is articulated through a theological framework centered on covenant. In short, the book of Chronicles recounts the faithful acts of ...

2010, Tremper Longman, David E. Garland, The Expositor's Bible Commentary: 1 Chronicles-Job, Zondervan, →ISBN, page 36:

[…] effort to prevent a fall back into the idolatry and apostasy that had brought on God's judgment in the first place. The Chronicler, like the postexilic prophets, did not desire a repeat of the Lord's judgment on Israel […]

2019, CSB Bibles by Holman, KJV Apologetics Study Bible, B&H Publishing Group, →ISBN, page 49:

The presumed author/redactor of the Book of Chronicles and certain other books of the Tanakh.


Ten Days of Repentance

(Judaism) The ten-day period between Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur

bekeringsdagen

the period between Rosh haShanah and Yom Kippur


Days of Awe

(Judaism) The period of the year surrounding Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur


stonesetting

en-noun

stonesetting (countable and uncountable, plural stonesettings)

(Judaism) The ceremony of erecting or unveiling a person's tombstone.


Mother of Mercy

Calque of Latin Mater Misericordiae and its descendants in other languages, viewing Mary as a sympathetic intermediary between Christians and the Godhead.

(Christianity) Synonym of Mary, mother of Jesus, particularly in Catholic contexts.

Mater Misericordiae

Mary, mother of Jesus — see also Mary, Mother of God, Virgin Mary


Jabal

der

Hebrew יוּבָל (yå̄ḇå̄l)

(biblical, Torah) The son of Lamech and Ada.


Jubal

(biblical, Torah) A son of Lamech and Ada.


Tubal-cain

From Hebrew תּוּבַל קַיִן (tūḇal qayin).

uder

תּוּבַל קַיִן

(biblical, Torah) A descendant of Cain. The son of Lamech and Zillah.


Naamah

(biblical) A descendant of Cain, daughter of Lamech and Zillah.


chremsel

en-noun

chremsel (plural chremsels or chremslach)

chremsels (plural)
chremslach (plural)
chrimsel (alternative)

(Judaism) A fried dumpling made of matzo meal and filled with fruit, typically prunes, and eaten on Passover.


helek

For calendrical calculations, the day begins at 6 P.M., which is designated 0 hours. Hours are divided into 1080 halakim; thus one helek is 3 1/3 seconds.

1992, L.E. Doggett, “Calendars”, in P. Kenneth Seidelman, editor, Explanatory Supplement to the Astronomical Almanac, page 585:

By some estimates the mean lunation was actually 29.5 days and 793 halakim somewhere around the beginning of the Common Era.

2004, Sheldon Epstein, Bernard Dickman, Yonah Wilamowsky, “A 5765 Anomaly”, in Tradition: A Journal of Orthodox Jewish Thought, volume 38, number 3, page 585:

(Judaism) A unit of time equal to an eighteenth of a minute (3⅓ seconds)


Bethuel

And Isaac was forty years old when he took Rebekah to wife, the daughter of Bethuel the Syrian of Padan-aram, the sister to Laban the Syrian.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 25:20:

The father of Rebekah and Laban; nephew of Abraham

(rare) A male given name from Hebrew of biblical origin.


pasuk

p'sukim (plural)
pasuq (alternative)
passuk (alternative)

bor

Hebrew פָּסוּק


Zebulunite

A descendant of Zebulun, tenth son of Jacob.


Zebulunite

Of or pertaining to Zebulun, or to the tribe of Zebulun.

Asher

descendants of the patriarch Jacob, later renamed Israel


Yahwistic

Alternative form: Jahwistic

documentary hypothesis
documentary hypothesis

(history) Relating to the Yahwist, one of the sources of the Torah or Pentateuch according to the documentary hypothesis.


universal mind

Is it reasonable to give up the wisdom and righteousness of the universal mind, to contradict our clearest notions of things, and to acknowledge errors in the administration of the Deity, notwithstanding innumerable appearances in the frame of the world of his infinite power and perfection, rather than receive a plain, easy, and natural supposition, which is suggested to us in innumerable ways, which mankind in all ages have received, and which is agreeable to all our best sentiments and wishes?

1787, Richard Price, A Review of the Principal Questions in Morals, page 262:

The old saying that all is not gold which glitters, is true in respect to most of the prevailing systems of christianity in which the outside glitter and superficial tinsel will be found the device of man, while craft has cast a veil over that which is really the work of God. The web of mystery and the gewgaw of ceremony have been employed to obscure the moral lustre of the gospel. The grovelling wit of man has been substituted for the unspotted irradiations of the universal mind.

1807, Johann Gottfried Eichhorn, “Eichhorn's Introduction to the New Testament”, in The Critical Review of Annals of Literature, volume X, number V, London, page 450:

The Mind, which is God, is pushing out into what man calls his mind.Our power to know comes from this Universal mind.

1965, Muriel Noyes Gillchrest, The Power of Universal Mind, page 196:


evolution of the gaps

Well, this is 'evolution-of-the-gaps.' Some scientists merely insert evolution when they don't understand something. “Look —we may not understand everything about these biological systems, but we do know some things. We do know that ...

2009, Lee Strobel, The Case for a Creator: A Journalist Investigates Scientific Evidence That Points Toward God, Zondervan, →ISBN:

It is therefore clear how an evolution-of-the-gaps could be just as metaphysically motivated for an incautious atheist as a God-of-the-gaps could be for an incautious theist. For materialists there simply must eventually be a solution in terms of ...

2010, Michael L. Peterson, Philosophy of Religion: Selected Readings, Oxford University Press, USA:

(rare, creationism) Evolution, when used as an explanation for anything that is yet unexplained by science.


Shabbat elevator

en-noun

Shabbat elevator (plural Shabbat elevators)

Shabbat elevators (plural)
Sabbath elevator (alternative)
Shabbos elevator (alternative)

(engineering, Judaism) An elevator/lift (device for transport within a building) which operates automatically on Shabbat, generally by stopping and opening its doors at each floor of the building, allowing observant Jews to make use of the elevator without violating Jewish prohibitions against operating electrical machinery on Shabbat.


Rabbinic Judaism

The mainstream form of Judaism since the 6th century CE, after the codification of the Babylonian Talmud, having its roots in Pharisaic Judaism and based on the belief that Moses at Mount Sinai received two items from God: the written Torah and the oral Torah.


Korah

he-m

קורח / קֹרַח (kórakh)

(biblical) A biblical character who rebelled against Moses.


bris milah

1982, Bris Milah: A Book about the Jewish Ritual of Circumcision:

(Judaism) Alternative spelling of brit milah.


Sabbath mode

A feature of some household appliances that temporarily prevents them from doing productive work in order to comply with Jewish restrictions on working on the Sabbath.


deciser

Artist Archie Rand's iconograpy^([sic]) on thirty-seven themes was declared “kosher” for the Orthodox synagogue by Rabbi Moshe Feinstein, the leading halakhic deciser of his time.

1987, Alan M. Tigay, editor, The Jewish Traveler:

(Judaism) A rabbi who interprets Jewish religious law.


Ashkenormativity

Moreover, Sephardi communities have not been the subjects of enough studies, genetics-based or otherwise. Their titular exclusion from some DTC DNA testing companies' reference population lists helps perpetuate an already socially existent Ashkenormativity […]

2021, Caitlyn Rose Campana, Sephardi Identity & Legitimacy in the Age of Direct-to-Consumer DNA Tests (thesis), Miami: Florida International University, →OCLC, page 46:

While I do believe that Ashkenormativity has been a detriment to the Mizrahi people and Jews of color, it shouldn't be so much to ask for a world in which all voices are heard and respected.

2022, Hen Mazzig, The Wrong Kind of Jew: A Mizrahi Manifesto, New York: Wicked Son, →ISBN:

The assumption that Jews are Ashkenazi Jews by default, and that Ashkenazi culture is the culture of Judaism at large.


Elim

As she went through the woods where the primroses and the whitethorn were blossoming, the place seemed as the land of Elim, wherein there were twelve wells and threescore and ten palm trees.

1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide:

אֵילִם אילם#Hebrew

(historical, biblical, Judaism) An oasis in Sinai, New Kingdom, Egyptian Empire; Hebrew אֵילִם


Elim

(biblical, Judaism) A class of angel found in Kabbalah from the Zohar.


Liberal Judaism

en-noun

Liberal Judaism (usually uncountable, plural Liberal Judaisms)

While Orthodox Judaism originated in Europe as a protest against Reform Judaism, the schism between the two groups eventually gave rise to a number of other Liberal Judaisms, so to speak, including Conservative and Reconstructionist Judaism.

Any of the modern streams of Judaism outside the realms of Orthodox Judaism, especially those without doctrinal belief in a divinely authored Torah or immutable Talmudic law.


Babylonian Talmud

Calque of Hebrew תַּלְמוּד בָּבְלִי (talmúd bav'lí, “Babylonian Talmud”).

cal

תַּלְמוּד בָּבְלִי

(Judaism) The Talmud composed and compiled primarily from the teachings, discussions and disagreements of the Amoraim of the Babylonian exile.


Jerusalem Talmud

Calque of Hebrew תַּלְמוּד יְרוּשַׁלְמִי (talmúd y'rushal'mí, “Jerusalem Talmud”).

תַּלְמוּד יְרוּשַׁלְמִי

(Judaism) The Talmud composed and compiled primarily from the teachings, discussions and disagreements of the Amoraim of the land of Israel.


reshut

bor

Hebrew רְשׁוּת

Arvit is a reshut (an optional prayer) and although it has become established and is now mandatory, the Amidah is not repeated by the Sheli'ah Tzibbur.

1996, Macy Nulman, The Encyclopedia of Jewish Prayer, page 162:


Reubenite

A descendant of Reuben, first son of Jacob.


Reubenite

Of or pertaining to Reuben, or to the tribe of Reuben.


shtiebel

shtieblach (plural)
shtibel (alternative)

From Yiddish שטיבל (shtibl, “small room/house, informal synagogue”), diminutive of שטוב (shtub) + ־ל (-l) from Old High German stuba, from Proto-Germanic *stubō.

My brother's aufruf was last Shabbos as my father's shul, a shteibl he has attended since the early 60s (my beris was there, my bar mitzvah, my own aufruf, one of my sons' beris was there, etc...)

2004 November 16, Micha Berger, “Kosher Commercial Kitchen”, in soc.culture.jewish.moderated (Usenet):

The shtiebel fits that niche. Less structured than the large congregations, shtieblach offer a built-in community where everybody knows your name, but long-term expectations are low.

2017 October 2, Batsheva Neuer, “Return of the Shtiebel: Why Old-School Synagogues Are Making A Comeback”, in Forward:

(Judaism) A small, informal synagogue or shul.