leptonization

Neutrino cooling in the dense midplane of the disk is stronger when using MC transport, leading to a globally higher cooling rate by a factor of a few and a larger leptonization rate by an order of magnitude.

2015, S. Richers, D. Kasen, Evan O'Connor, Rodrigo Fernandez, Christian Ott, “Monte Carlo Neutrino Transport Through Remnant Disks from Neutron Star Mergers”, in arXiv:

(physics) The creation of leptons (in stars etc)


elastoresistance

By comparing temperature and doping dependence of the lattice distortion with the elastoresistance and nematic susceptibility obtained from transport and ultrasonic measurements, we conclude that the in-plane resistivity anisotropy found in electron underdoped iron pnictides arises from a strong coupling between the uniaxial pressure induced lattice distortion and electronic nematic state.

2015, Xingye Lu, T. Keller, Wenliang Zhang, Yu Song, J. T. Park, Huiqian Luo, Shiliang Li, Pengcheng Dai, “Effect of Uniaxial Pressure on Structural and Magnetic Phase Transitions in Electron-Doped BaFe₂₋ₓNiₓAs₂ Superconductors”, in arXiv:

electrical resistance
electrical resistance

(physics) A change in electrical resistance as a result of elastic deformation


magnetoelectrocaloric

We also discuss a magnetoelectrocaloric effect examining the entropy changes under the isothermal varying of the magnetic or/and electric field..

2015, Oleg Menchyshyn, Vadim Ohanyan, Taras Verkholyak, Taras Krokhmalskii, Oleg Derzhko, “Magnetism-driven ferroelectricity in spin-1/2 XY chains”, in arXiv:

(physics) Describing a magnetoelectric heating effect


cytidyltransferase

In the CDP-choline pathway, externally added or endogenous choline is stepwise incorporated through phosphorylation by choline kinase and activation with CTP by phosphocholine cytidyltransferase.

2015 August 5, “Phosphatidylcholine Supply to Peroxisomes of the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any transferase that transfers a cytidyl group


homocysteinase

Of our 30 genes, glutamate synthase and adenosyl homocysteinase were used for multiple gene analysis by Koufopanou et al.

2015 August 5, “Selection of Orthologous Genes for Construction of a Highly Resolved Phylogenetic Tree and Clarification of the Phylogeny of Trichosporonales Species”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of homocysteine


antisolvent

(physical chemistry) A solvent in which the product is insoluble.


oxacillinase

(biochemistry) Any of the OXA group of beta-lactamases, found mainly in Acinetobacter species.


endolysin

Some phages lyse their hosts using a holin-endolysin system; however, in others, there is no interaction between the holin and the endolysin genes in host lysis [ 47 ].

2015 July 28, Tasha M. Santiago-Rodriguez et al., “Transcriptome analysis of bacteriophage communities in periodontal health and disease”, in BMC Genomics, volume 16, →DOI:


autohydrolysis

(chemistry) hydrolysis using water alone (often at high temperatures)

FlhB undergoes asparagine-mediated autohydrolysis at N269-P270 [12 ,13 ].

2015 August 6, “Weak Interactions between Salmonella enterica FlhB and Other Flagellar Export Apparatus Proteins Govern Type III Secretion Dynamics”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(biochemistry) hydrolysis of a peptide or enzyme catalyzed by itself


legumain

(biochemistry) An enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of proteins and small-molecule substrates at -Asn-Xaa- bonds.


intersonic

We demonstrate that if the coefficient of friction is high enough, the sliding localizes within stick-slip pulses, which transform into opening waves propagating at intersonic speed in the direction of sliding or, for high Poisson's ratios, at supersonic speed in the opposite one.

2015, Vladislav A. Yastrebov, “Sliding without slipping under Coulomb friction: opening waves and inversion of frictional force”, in arXiv:

(physics) Having a speed between that of the dilational wave and the shear wave


proto-photon

Since the proto-photon has no charge, it does not seem likely that we could detect such "orbital" motion for the electron-photon system.

1966, Michael M. Hare, Microcosm and macrocosm:

Notice that here we slightly deviate from traditional VMD-2 because we include a direct coupling between the pions and the proto-photon.

2007, Acta Physica Polonica - Volume 38, Issues 5-6, page 2080:

It is shown how the assumption that a singlet gauge boson (a proto-photon) and the neutral member of a triplet W=t° are mixed leads to the identification of the couplings of the quarks and leptons to the neutral intermediate boson Z°.

2012, M. G. Bowler, Femtophysics: A Short Course on Particle Physics, →ISBN, page viii:

(physics, rare) A theoretical but not yet detected particle proposed to explain, among other things, the mechanisms of gravity; a gauge boson.


glucanosyltransferase

(biochemistry) Any transferase that transfers glucanosyl groups


heteronanocrystal

A nanocrystal composed of two or more elements or other materials


plerion

Coined by Weiler & Panagia (1978), from Ancient Greek πλήρης (plḗrēs, “full”).

(astronomy) A nebula powered by the pulsar wind of a pulsar.


hydrophobics

2009, John A Gerit, “Acetoacetate decarboxylase: hydrophobics, not electrostatics”, in Nature:

(chemistry, physics) The study, and the application of hydrophobicity


metzincin

(biochemistry) Any of a family of protease enzymes with a zinc ion in their active sites.


beta-glucosidase

(biochemistry) A glucosidase enzyme, located on the brush border of the small intestine, that acts upon β1->4 bonds linking two glucose or glucose-substituted molecules.


syntaxial

(crystallography) Relating to, or displaying, syntaxy.


radiosynthesis

en-noun

radiosynthesis (countable and uncountable, plural radiosyntheses)

The automated production of radioactive compounds.


distaxy

(crystallography) An overgrowth in which both the original crystal and the crystal growing on it have different orientations.


topotaxy

(crystallography) A reaction in which the parent material determines the orientation of the product.


accelerating universe

accelerating universe (plural accelerating universes)

(astronomy, astrophysics) A theory that describes and seeks to explain the seemingly increasing rate of the expansion of the universe.


syntaxy

(crystallography) An overgrowth in which both the original crystal and the crystal growing on it have the same orientation.


proper time

Coordinate term: coordinate time

(relativity) Time as measured by a clock following a timelike world line.


hyperloop

At this point, the hyperloop breaks in. A holographic virtual image is presented to an optical observer. Where is the observer of the image formed from Gij? Presumably, it is the physicist. But the physicist is himself an image projected from the same source. We still have a self-viewing system, and a no-exit loop.

1984, Alex Comfort, Reality and Empathy, →ISBN:

Even more jaw-rattling is the problem of what is being called the "hyperloop." The Helmholtzian view of mind — that it is exhaustively explainable in terms of the electrochemical activity of brain — is a solid article of faith for most well-dressed scientists, for all practical purposes, even if they also have religious opinions which include immortal souls, divine sparks, and the like: those are strictly idiosyncratic contraband and belong in a different box. But in modern physics, our definitions of matter-energy and space-time require the insertion of mind as a primitive component: the brain consists of the particulars it observes.

1985, Christopher Chapple, Religious experience and scientific paradigms, page 6:

His concern in this paper is with the relations of Bohm's implicate to a "hyperloop" (the "observer paradox "), which Comfort variously describes as "matter thinking itself' (1981: 363), as the process "by which the brain generates 4-space by object formation from the plenum.

1989, Glendon A. Schubert, Evolutionary politics, page 317:

When the subgraph is a hyperloop, the associated equation is a relation involving no variables: in the unfrustrated case, it is just a trivial identity; in the frustrated case, it is a configuration-independent characteristic of the instance which could eventually determine a priori unsatisfiability.

2002, Institute of Physics (Great Britain), Journal of Physics: Mathematical and general, page 7670:

(quantum mechanics) A quantum mechanical paradox resulting from the observer being a product of the observations that it makes.


endoxylanase

(biochemistry) Any xylanase that operates within a cell


glycoaminidase

We therefore treated the samples with PNGase F, a glycoaminidase capable of cleaving asparagine and N-acetylglucosamine residues in order to focus on quantitative analysis of the deglycosylated C1 without significant interference from the IgG band.

2015 September 2, “Prion Protein Protects against Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(biochemistry) A glycosidase that catalyses the hydrolysis of an N-linked glycoside


acetamidase

The first equivalent system in mycobacteria, the acetamide-inducible system based on the Mycobacterium smegmatis (Msmeg) endogenous acetamidase promoter [13 ], was developed as late as in 1997.

2015 September 9, “Benzoic Acid-Inducible Gene Expression in Mycobacteria”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any amidase that acts on an acetamide unit


quantum indeterminacy

quantum indeterminacy (usually uncountable, plural quantum indeterminacies)

(quantum mechanics) The indeterminacy associated with being in a mixed quantum state.


cosmic infrared background

cosmic infrared background (uncountable)

low-level infrared radiation originating from all directions in space


CIB

CIB (disambiguation)
Cosmic infrared background

cosmic infrared background
cosmic infrared background#English

(physics) Initialism of cosmic infrared background.


chromomagnetism

(physics, quantum chromodynamics) An interaction between quarks of different colour that has some similarities to magnetism


electroweakino

However, they can be discovered by compressed electroweakino searches at a 100 TeV collider, completing the full coverage of the relic neutralino surface.

2015, Joseph Bramante, Nishita Desai, Patrick Fox, Adam Martin, Bryan Ostdiek, Tilman Plehn, “Towards the Final Word on Neutralino Dark Matter”, in arXiv:

(physics) A supersymmetric partner of the electroweak gauge boson, also referred to as a wino.


Isp

specific impulse
specific impulse#English

(astronautics) Abbreviation of specific impulse.


superdeterministic

(physics) Of or relating to superdeterminism.


Bell's theorem

(physics) A no-go theorem stating that no physical theory of local hidden variables can ever reproduce all of the predictions of quantum mechanics.


tauonium

(physics) a subatomic particle formed by the bound state of a matter tauon with its antimatter partner antitauon


-onium

(particle physics) Designating an onium particle.


ground level

ground level (countable and uncountable, plural ground levels)

(physics) Ground state, the stationary state of lowest energy of a particle.


thermonuclear bomb

thermonuclear bomb (plural thermonuclear bombs)

thermonuclear weapon
thermonuclear weapon#English


nuclear isomer

(physics) Any of two or more atomic nuclei with the same mass number and atomic number but with different radioactive properties


matriptase

matriptase (usually uncountable, plural matriptases)

From matri- (because of its use in treating breast cancer) + tryp(sin) + -ase?

af

Stoichiometric release of 6-amidino-2-naphthol allowed highly sensitive fluorometric estimation of active-site concentration in preparations of matriptase and tryptase.

2015 October 21, “Divergent Inhibitor Susceptibility among Airway Lumen-Accessible Tryptic Proteases”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(biochemistry) An enzyme that cleaves various kinds of synthetic substrate.


Back to the Future Day

It's Back to the Future Day - the date Marty and Doc crashed the future in the second of the three time-hopping sci-fi adventure films.

2015 October 20, Leo Kelion, “Back to the Future II: What did it get right and wrong?”, in BBC:

For anyone who is still confused, Back to the Future Day marks the fact that today is the date specified for the "future" setting in the 1989 Back to the Future II film.

2015 October 21, Adam Withnall, “Department for Work and Pensions fails to appeal to public with 'Back to the Future Day' tweet”, in The Independent:

Back to the Future Day is over. The exact time Marty and Doc Brown travel forward to from 1985 - has been and gone. This time round.

2015 October 21, Barney Henderson, Rupert Hawksley, Helena Horton, “Back to the Future Day live: Is October 21, 2015 turning out like the film predicted?”, in The Atlantic:

Following Back to the Future Day on October 21, the countdown to Halloween has well and truly begun.

2016 October 15, “Last Minute 'Back To The Future' Halloween Costumes That You Can Throw Together Tonight”, in Bustle:

We're one year on from "Back to the Future Day," which marked the date Marty McFly visited the future in the 1989 classic "Back to the Future: Part II." The film predicted flat screens and drones, and today it seems one more of its many forecasts for the future is on the verge of coming true.

2016 October 25, Eric Mack, “'Back to the Future' predicted this World Series, sort of”, in C/NET:

According to The Hollywood Reporter, Michael J. Fox was the first person to get a pair of the power-lace shoes last year, "coinciding with Back to the Future Day on Oct. 21, 2015, the exact future date in Back to the Future: Part II that Marty travels to from 1985."

2017 February 27, Kaitlin Kimont, “Where To Get Seth Rogen's 'Back To The Future' Nike Sneakers From the 2017 Oscars,”, in Romper:

The date October 21, 2015, regarded as commemorative of the movie Back to the Future Part II, in which the main characters use a time machine to travel to this date from the year 1985.


intrinsic semiconductor

en-noun

intrinsic semiconductor (plural intrinsic semiconductors)

(physics) An undoped semiconductor. This means that holes in the valence band are vacancies created by electrons that have been thermally excited to the conduction band, as opposed to doped semiconductors where holes or electrons are supplied by a “foreign” atom acting as an impurity.


plane wave

(physics) A constant-frequency wave whose wavefronts are infinite parallel planes of constant peak-to-peak amplitude normal to the phase velocity vector.


Lambert's cosine law

directly proportional
directly proportional

(optics) A law stating that the radiant intensity or luminous intensity observed from an ideal diffusely reflecting surface or ideal diffuse radiator is directly proportional to the cosine of the angle between the direction of the incident light and the surface normal.

Johann Heinrich Lambert
Lambert's cosine law


GSO

geosynchronous orbit
geosynchronous orbit#English


interturn

electrical engineering
electrical engineering

(electrical engineering) Between turns of a winding.


proto-neutron star

proto-neutron star (plural proto-neutron stars)

(stars) The degenerate core of a massive star, prior to its emergence after a supernova as a neutron star.


polysaccharase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that degrades/hydrolyses a polysaccharide.


sterile neutrino

sterile neutrino (plural sterile neutrinos)

From sterile + neutrino; from being a neutrino which is sterile, being non-interactive through the four forces of the Standard Model.

(particle physics) A type of neutrino (and potentially dark matter), that may be supermassive, which has right-handed chirality, and only interacts with other particles via gravity.


wimpzilla

(particle physics) A theoretical superheavy dark matter particle, trillions of times more massive than other proposed types of dark matter.

WIMP

weakly interacting massive particle, a type of dark matter


SIMP

strongly interacting massive particle#English

(physics, astronomy) Initialism of strongly interacting massive particle.


strongly interacting massive particle

strongly interacting massive particle (plural strongly interacting massive particles)

strongly interacting massive particles (plural)

(particle physics) a candidate type of dark matter composed of particles that only interact through the strong nuclear force, one of the fundamental forces of nature, and gravity.

robust associations of massive baryonic objects


gravitationally interacting massive particle (plural gravitationally interacting massive particles)

(particle physics) A type of dark matter that only interacts with normal matter through the force of gravity.

the type of superWIMP that only interacts gravitationally

super weakly interacting massive particle


super weakly interacting massive particle (plural super weakly interacting massive particles)

weakly interacting massive particle
weakly interacting massive particle

(particle physics) a candidate type of dark matter which are weakly interacting massive particles that result from supersymmetry, being supersymmetric particles

(astronomy, physics) a type of weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) that only interacts with normal particles through gravity, and not any other force, thus having extremely weak strength of interaction

the form that only interacts gravitationally

superweakly interacting massive particle

super-weakly interacting massive particle


ptychography

From ptycho- (compare ptychonome) + -graphy, from Ancient Greek πτυχή (ptukhḗ, “fold”) + γράφειν (gráphein, “write”).

It was recently suggested that the transmitted phase can be directly measured in ptychography experiments performed on nanocrystal samples.

2015, O.Yu. Gorobtsov, I.A. Vartanyants, “Phase of the transmitted wave in the dynamical theory and quasi-kinematical approximation”, in arXiv:

(physics) A technique that aims to solve the diffraction-pattern phase problem by interfering adjacent Bragg reflections coherently and thereby determining their relative phase.


ER=EPR

From ER (Einstein-Rosen bridge) and EPR (Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox).

quantum entanglement
quantum entanglement

(quantum mechanics) A conjecture equating the effects of quantum entanglement (EPR) with a wormhole (ER) connection between the entangled particles, relating quantum physics to spacetime physics.


EPR

European Pressurised Reactor
w:European Pressurised Reactor

(physics) Initialism of European Pressurised Reactor, a type of nuclear reactor.


EPR

en:Albert Einstein
en:Boris Podolsky
en:Nathan Rosen

From the initials of the three theoreticians to conceived of the paradox, Einstein (Albert Einstein), Podolsky (Boris Podolsky), Rosen (Nathan Rosen).

(uncountable, physics) Ellipsis of EPR paradox. Initialism of Einstein Podolsky Rosen.

ER=EPR

a conjecture about the nature of the universe that connects quantum physics to spacetime physics

EPR telephone

a conjecture to communicate non-locally, faster than light, back in time


trigluon

(physics) Of or relating to three gluons.


technidilaton

Then the technidilaton is a naturally light composite Higgs out of the strongly coupled conformal dynamics, with its couplings even weaker than the SM Higgs.

2015, Koichi Yamawaki, “Old Wine in a New Bottle: Technidilaton as the 125 GeV Higgs -- Dedicated to the late Professor Yoichiro Nambu”, in arXiv:

(physics) A dilaton described using the technicolor model.


notoph

Phonetic reversal of photon; introduced in the 1960s by Ogievetskii and Polubarinov.

We analize the quantum field theory taking into account the mass dimensions of the notoph and the photon.

2015, Valeriy V. Dvoeglazov, “Tensor Fields in Relativistic Quantum Mechanics”, in arXiv:

(physics) A hypothetical particle with helicity properties complementary to those of a photon.


nondimensionalization

nondimensionalization (countable and uncountable, plural nondimensionalizations)

This appendix outlines the role of several key dimensional and nondimensional parameters in micro- and nanoscale fluid mechanics that come from nondimensionalization of governing equations. A key advantage of nondimensionalization is that it leads to a compact description of flow parameters (i.e., Re) and thus leads to generalization. Nondimensionalization can be a powerful tool, but it is useful only if implemented with insight into the physics of the problems.

2010, Brian J. Kirby, Micro- and Nanoscale Fluid Mechanics, Cambridge University Press, page 440:

Each computer code will have a set of reference nondimensionalizations similar to these; a specific example is given in Section 3.5.3.

2015, Russell M. Cummings, William H. Mason, Scott A. Morton, David R. McDaniel, Applied Computational Aerodynamics, Cambridge University Press, page 118:

We show how our Python interface outperforms the existing text-file-based configuration mechanism, providing features like automatic nondimensionalization of physical quantities and handling of complex parameter dependencies.

2015, Martin Bauer, Florian Schornbaum, Christian Godenschwager, Matthias Markl, Daniela Anderl, Harald Köstler, Ulrich Rüde, “A Python Extension for the Massively Parallel Multiphysics Simulation Framework waLBerla”, in arXiv:

(physics, engineering) The partial or full removal of units from an equation involving physical quantities by a suitable substitution of variables, in order, for example, to simplify and parameterize problems where measured units are involved.

Entdimensionalisierung

partial or complete removal of units from an equation


gluzincin

(biochemistry) Any of a particular class of metalloprotease containing glutamic acid and zinc


cephalosporinase

Resistance to β-lactams is mainly due to enzymatic degradation by a chromosomal cephalosporinase, plasmid-mediated broad spectrum β-lactamases, and recently acquired carbapenemases [4, 6, 7, 9 –14 ].

2015 September 24, “In Vivo Evolution of Bacterial Resistance in Two Cases of Enterobacter aerogenes Infections during Treatment with Imipenem”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that hydrolyses (the lactam ring of a ) cephalosporin


Einstein notation

(physics) A mathematical notation using indices to label the components of vectors and tensors.


angiokinase

We believe that this study could provide a basis for developing angiokinase inhibitors having high affinity for the epidermal growth factor receptor, from the pyrimidine scaffold.

2015 September 25, “Structure-Activity Relationship of Indole-Tethered Pyrimidine Derivatives that Concurrently Inhibit Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and Other Angiokinases”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that promotes angiogenesis


deglycosylase

To deglycosylate the WT hENT1 and ∆IL6, 100 μg of the proteins were incubated with 10 μl of the deglycosylase mix (NEB) at 37°C and analyzed by SDS-PAGE. Each experiment was performed in triplicate on different batches of oocytes.

2015 September 26, “The Role of Flexible Loops in Folding, Trafficking and Activity of Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporters”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the removal of glycosyl groups


fructosidase

Levansucrase expressed a specific fructosidase activity of 2.9 units per milligram (U mg -1 ), where 1 unit is defined as the amount of enzyme releasing 1 μmol of glucose per minute at a working temperature of 37°C and a sucrose concentration of 100 g L −1 at pH 6.0 (50 mM potassium phosphate buffer).

2015 September 26, “Valorization of Cheese and Tofu Whey through Enzymatic Synthesis of Lactosucrose”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any glycosidase that catalyses the hydrolysis of a fructoside


fructosyltransferase

The fructosyltransferase activity was 1.9 U mg −1, where 1 unit is the amount of enzyme required to perform the transfer of 1 μmol of fructose per minute at a working temperature of 37°C and a sucrose concentration of 100 g L −1 at pH 6.0 (50 mM potassium phosphate buffer).

(biochemistry) Any transferase that catalyses the transfer of a fructosyl group


metalloaminopeptidase

Interestingly, some of them contain chemical scaffolds already associated with other metalloaminopeptidase inhibitors, providing a further validation of the computational results.

2015 September 26, “Identification and Validation of a Potent Dual Inhibitor of the P . falciparum M1 and M17 Aminopeptidases Using Virtual Screening”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any metalloenzymatic aminopeptidase


DNP

DNP (countable and uncountable, plural DNPs)

dynamic nuclear polarization
dynamic nuclear polarization#English

(physics) Initialism of dynamic nuclear polarization.


fungalysin

(biochemistry) Any of a class of metallopeptidases found in mushrooms of the genus Coprinopsis.


Coandă effect

Named after Romanian aerodynamics pioneer Henri Coandă, who was the first to recognize the practical application of the phenomenon in aircraft development.

The tendency of a fluid jet to be attracted to a nearby surface.


polysialyltransferase

Considering gene function, ST8SIA2 could be related to the putative pathological mechanism of both schizophrenia and BD. Animal studies have shown that the amount of polySia synthesized by polysialyltransferase encoded by ST8SIA2 is crucial during brain development [42, 43 ].

2015 September 30, “Association between ST8SIA2 and the Risk of Schizophrenia and Bipolar I Disorder across Diagnostic Boundaries”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any transferase that promotes polysialylation


radiometabolism

The scientific study of metabolism using radioactive markers.


self-energy

(physics) the portion of the elementary particle's mass due to the interaction with its environment


LISA

(ESA, physics, space science) Initialism of Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (abbreviation, used in LISA Pathfinder, an ESA space probe that will test technologies needed a gravitational wave observatory)


eLISA

(ESA, physics, space science) Initialism of evolved Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (a proposed European Space Agency mission designed to detect and accurately measure gravitational waves)


monophenolase

Then the inhibitory effects of the three compounds on monophenolase activity of tyrosinase were also determined.

2015 October 1, “Synthesis of Triazole Schiff’s Base Derivatives and Their Inhibitory Kinetics on Tyrosinase Activity”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of simple phenols


casease

(biochemistry) An exoenzyme that hydrolyzes casein.


antiterminator

Our results demonstrated up-regulation of tagatose pathway genes, Leloir pathway genes, lactose-specific IIA & IIBC component encoding genes (lacF2and lacE2), and the lacT gene, encoding a transcriptional antiterminator.

2015 October 3, “The Small Molecule DAM Inhibitor, Pyrimidinedione, Disrupts Streptococcus pneumoniae Biofilm Growth In Vitro”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that promotes antitermination


transadmittance

(physics) The alternating current equivalent of transconductance


counterjet

We estimate a total mass ~0.1 Msun and a kinetic energy of at least ~1 x10^50 erg for S-rich ejecta in the NE jet and SW counterjet.

2015, Robert A. Fesen, Dan Milisavljevic, “An HST Survey of the Highest-Velocity Ejecta in Cassiopeia A”, in arXiv:


dehybridization

NaOH was selected as the medium for dehybridization instead of NaCl [37, 38 ]because the use of NaCl solution tends to leave a salt precipitate on top of the device, even though it had been rinsed with DIwater.

2015 October 8, “Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle-Based Interdigitated Electrodes: A Novel Current to Voltage DNA Biosensor Recognizes E . coli O157:H7”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(quantum mechanics, physical chemistry) The reversal of hybridization; the separation of hybrid orbitals into distinct atomic orbitals.


peptase

peptase (countable and uncountable, plural peptases)

(biochemistry) A form of pepsin obtained from malt.


glasma

(physics) A hypothetical precursor to quark–gluon plasma, in which the particles are condensed into a glassy or amorphous state.


weakon

There are three forces that we try to understand in this framework (the electromagnetic interaction, the weak interaction and the strong interaction) and we associate with them the exchange of three types of bosons, the photon, the W^± and Z⁰ (that I call weakons) and the eight gluons.

1980, U. Amaldi, “Panel Discussion: Accelerators for the Future Physics”, in 11th International Conference on High-Energy Accelerators, page 922:


Yukawa interaction

Yukawa interaction (plural Yukawa interactions)

(physics) A kind of interaction between a scalar field and a Dirac field, used to describe the nuclear force between nucleons mediated by pions.


zevatron

From Z- + eV + -a- + -tron, modelled on earlier bevatron etc. From translingual ZeV, from Z-+eV.

(physics) A hypothetical source of extreme-energy cosmic rays (EECR), capable of accelerating particles to 1 ZeV (zetta-electronvolt).


plum pudding model

The electrons are viewed as negatively-charged "plums" in a positively-charged "pudding".

(historical, physics) An obsolete scientific model of the atom, devised shortly after the discovery of the electron but before the discovery of the atomic nucleus, and according to which the atom is composed of electrons surrounded by a soup of positive charge to balance the electrons' negative charges. It was disproved in 1909.


joule-second

The joule-second is the unit used for Planck's constant.

(physics) A unit equal to a joule multiplied by a second, used to measure action or angular momentum.


nanobel

(physics) A unit of power equal to 10⁻⁹ of a bel; abbreviated as nB


quantum graphity

A model of spacetime where points are represented by nodes on a graph, connected by links that can be on or off, indicating whether the two points are directly connected as if next to each other in spacetime.


metalloelastase

metalloelastase (countable and uncountable, plural metalloelastases)

(biochemistry) An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of soluble and insoluble elastin.


LIGO

gravitational wave
gravitational wave#English

(physics, space science) Initialism of Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (a large-scale physics experiment that successfully detected gravitational waves in 2015)


Mach stem

(physics) A shock wave formed by the fusion of incident and reflected shock waves from an explosion.


megacalorie

(physics) A unit of energy equal to a million calories


Nebraska Ice

Compound of Nebraska (“University of Nebraska–Lincoln”) + ice. From being a form of water ice that was predicted at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln in 1997.

com+

Two dimensional bilayer ice I
two dimensional bilayer ice I#English

(informal, chemistry, physics) Two dimensional bilayer ice I, a phase of water ice that is two-dimensional and can shrink when frozen.


relative pressure

(physics, meteorology) Synonym of gauge pressure


gauge pressure

atmospheric pressure
atmospheric pressure

(physics, meteorology) The absolute pressure minus the atmospheric pressure.

presión manométrica

the absolute pressure minus the atmospheric pressure


inertial mass

en-noun

inertial mass (countable and uncountable, plural inertial masses)

(physics) The mass of an object measured as its resistance to being accelerated by an applied force; it is equal to its gravitational mass.

gravitational mass

in Einsteinian and Newtonian gravitation


active gravitational mass

active gravitational mass (plural active gravitational masses)

(physics) The mass of an object measured via the gravitational force that it exerts


gravitational mass

gravitational mass (countable and uncountable, plural gravitational masses)

(physics) The mass of an object as measured by its interaction with gravity; it is equal to its inertial mass.


passive gravitational mass

passive gravitational mass (plural passive gravitational masses)

(physics) The mass of an object measured via the gravitational force experienced by it in a known gravitational field


daughter isotope

daughter isotope (plural daughter isotopes)

daughter nuclide
daughter nuclide#English


barium star

(astronomy) Any of a class of giant stars whose spectra show the presence of s-process elements (such as barium)


XUV

XUV (countable and uncountable, plural XUVs)

extreme ultraviolet
extreme ultraviolet#English

(uncountable, physics) Abbreviation of extreme ultraviolet.


polyelectronic

(physics, of an atom) Having more than one electron


qumix

(quantum computing) A mixed state in a quantum computing system.


quregister

In these logics formulas are supposed to denote pieces of quantum information (qubits, quregisters or mixtures of quregisters), while logical connectives correspond to (quantum logical) gates that transform quantum information in a reversible way.

2016, Maria Luisa Dalla Chiara, Roberto Giuntini, Roberto Leporini, Giuseppe Sergioli, “Holistic logical arguments in quantum computation”, in arXiv:

(quantum computing) The equivalent of a register in a quantum computing system.


electric potential difference

electric potential difference (plural electric potential differences)


cytidylyltransferase

The CDP-choline pathway can occur in all nucleated cells and is involved in producing PC from choline, ATP, CTP and diacylglycerol, catalyzed by the enzymes choline kinase, choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase and diacylglycerol cholinephosphotransferase [44 ].

2015 October 22, “Influence of Development and Dietary Phospholipid Content and Composition on Intestinal Transcriptome of Atlantic Salmon ( Salmo salar )”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any transferase that transfers a cytidylyl group


glycotransferase

CG33303 is predicted to have the dolichyl-diphosphooligosachharide-protein glycotransferase activity based on its similarity with human Ribophorin I. As candidates from this class show differential effect on different tendon cell clusters i.e. dorsal-anterior and posterior tendon cell cluster it would be interesting to investigate their role in specifying these tendon cell clusters.

2015 October 22, “A Tendon Cell Specific RNAi Screen Reveals Novel Candidates Essential for Muscle Tendon Interaction”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a sugar moiety


binary pulsar

A binary star system where one of the stars is a pulsar.


magnetic crochet

magnetic crochet (plural magnetic crochets)

Figure 3 illustrates the short wave fade-out and the magnetic crochet, both of which endure only so long as the burst of x-rays from the flare continues.

1966, James Robert Place, Magnetic disturbances and the equatorial electrojet, page 7:

Back then, the hump was called a magnetic crochet because of its hook-like shape on graphs. Crochets appeared in both the declination and horizontal components. But, the synoptic analyses by Cliver and Svalgaard indicated the magnetic crochet in the horizontal component was among the largest ever reported.

2010, Taylor A. Cisco, Jr, All Shall Hide, page 70:

1969, John Marshall, R. Alan Plumb, J. Van Mieghem (series editor), Atmosphere, Ocean and Climate Dynamics: An Introductory Text, International Geophysics Series, page 191,
With regard to the magnetic crochet, we recall that the conductivity per ion pair is so small below 80 km that huge changes of electron concentration would be required to enable sizable electric currents to flow.

(physics) A portion of a magnetograph recording showing electric currents in the Earth's ionosphere caused by a solar flare, identified by its characteristic shape, likened to a crochet hook.


triphosphohydrolase

A key player of this restriction is the sterile alpha motif-hydroxylase domain 1 protein (SAMHD1, [6 ,7 ,14 ], a dGTP-dependent deoxynucleotide triphosphohydrolase that maintains dNTPs at concentrations that are limiting for efficient reverse transcription [5 ,16 ,17 ,18 ,19 ,20 ]).

2015 October 24, “The Frequency of Cytidine Editing of Viral DNA Is Differentially Influenced by Vpx and Nucleosides during HIV-1 or SIV MAC Infection of Dendritic Cells”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any hydrolase that catalyses the hydrolysis of triphosphates


isoflux

It is even more difficult when one considers that the disequilibrium is spatially variable so that the global isoflux must be properly flux-weighted for the effect of different regions.

2001, Ernst-Detlef Schulze, Martin Heimann, Sandy Harrison, Global Biogeochemical Cycles in the Climate System, →ISBN, page 288:

As the leaf isoflux slowly diminishes, the respiration isoflux, that has lagged photosynthesis due to the slow increase in soil temperature, takes over bringing about a seasonal minimum in late summer/early fall.

2006, Heinrich D. Holland, Ralph F. Keeling, Karl K. Turekian, The Atmosphere, →ISBN, page 205:

Trends in F_N were mimicked by that of the isoflux, but in the opposite direction, since isoflux is a product of a negative flux and a negative isotopic signature (Fig. 5).

2009, Asko Noormets, Phenology of Ecosystem Processes, →ISBN:

(physics) The product obtained by multiplying the flux measurement by the isotopic signature.


GAR

glutathione amide reductase
glutathione amide reductase#English

(biochemistry) Initialism of glutathione amide reductase.


geocoronium

From geo- + corona + -ium, coined by Alfred Wegener in 1911.

(geophysics, meteorology, obsolete) A hypothetical gaseous chemical element proposed to explain certain spectroscopic lines, and the green glow, found in the polar aurorae, that was later found to be explained by singly-ionized oxygen.


polyquark

(physics) A hadron composed of more quarks than a baryon; a particle constituted of more than three quarks.


electric flux

electric flux (countable and uncountable, plural electric fluxes)

(electromagnetism) The measure of flow of the electric field through a given area.


endocellulase

(biochemistry) Any cellulase that hydrolyses glycoside links within (rather than at the ends of) cellulose chains.


transresistance

transresistance (countable and uncountable, plural transresistances)

(physics) The ratio of the variation of output voltage to input current (the dual of transconductance)


transimpedance

transimpedance (countable and uncountable, plural transimpedances)

To circumvent these limitations, DStat employs a transimpedance amplifier in series with the working electrode (Fig 3(b)).

2015 October 29, “DStat: A Versatile, Open-Source Potentiostat for Electroanalysis and Integration”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(physics) The equivalent of transresistance in an AC circuit


delithiation

delithiation (countable and uncountable, plural delithiations)

(physics) The removal of lithium from an electrode of a lithium-ion battery


counterelectrode

(physics) An auxiliary electrode in a three-electrode cell.


glycosaminidase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of chitin or similar amino-polysaccharides


ketolase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that cleaves carbohydratea at the ketone (carbonyl) position


metallophosphoesterase

(biochemistry) Any phosphoesterase that is a metalloenzyme


phosphoesterase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of a phosphate enzyme.


transbilayer

Detailed studies have shown that LmrP mediates the transbilayer movement of the amphiphilic cationic substrate TMA-DPH (1-(4-(trimethylamino)phenyl)-6-phenylhexa-1,3,5-triene) from the inner leaflet of the cytoplasmic membrane to the external side of the cell [5 ], thus effectively facilitating the transbilayer efflux of substrate across a permeability barrier at a rate that exceeds the rate of passive substrate influx.

2015 November 6, “Hoechst 33342 Is a Hidden “Janus” amongst Substrates for the Multidrug Efflux Pump LmrP”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:


(physics, medicine) The radioactive isotope of iodine, ¹²⁵₅₃I, having a half-life of 59 days; used as a radiation therapy.


fastwalker

From fast + walker, from the notion that UFOs travel fast. Originally a code word created by NORAD.


rhamnosidase

In particular, the rhamnosidase from Lactobacillus acidophilus was able to efficiently degrade flavanone and flavonol glycosides such as hesperidin, naringin and rutin [11 ].

2015 November 7, “Lactobacillus acidophilus —Rutin Interplay Investigated by Proteomics”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of a rhamnoside.


succinylase

The succinylase branch utilizes succinyl-CoA to generate succinylated intermediates; similarly the acetylase branch utilizes acetyl-CoA to produce acetylated intermediates.

2015 November 7, “Identification of Small-Molecule Inhibitors against Meso -2, 6-Diaminopimelate Dehydrogenase from Porphyromonas gingivalis”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyzes the formation of succinate esters


subconstituent

The term prequark has appeared in the literature as a name for subconstituents in composite models [4].

1993, Nuclei, particles and field, page 2:

Apart from hadrons, which are made of subconstituent quarks, electron and positron are “fundamental” objects.

2011, Sylvie Braibant, Giorgio Giacomelli, Maurizio Spurio, Particles and Fundamental Interactions, →ISBN, page 229:

Subconstituent models of quarks, leptons and the weak gauge bosons [4] sometimes employ the idea of "Chiral Confinement [5] .

2012, H. Mitter, W. Plessas, Nucleon-Nucleon and Nucleon-Antinucleon Interactions, →ISBN, page 700:

(physics) A component of an elementary particle.


ditau

We make use of a boosted object tagging technique designed to tag such a ditau jet […]

2016, Eric Conte, Benjamin Fuks, Jun Guo, Jinmian Li, Anthony G. Williams, “Investigating light NMSSM pseudoscalar states with boosted ditau tagging”, in arXiv:

(physics) Consisting of two tau particles.


superforce

theory of everything
theory of everything

(physics) A single unified force in a theory of everything.


xylulokinase

xylulokinase (countable and uncountable, plural xylulokinases)

(biochemistry) A transferase enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction ATP + D-xylulose ⇌ ADP + D-xylulose 5-phosphate.


radioquiet

a radioquiet neutron star

(astronomy) Not producing radio emissions.


bandlimiting

(physics) The limiting of a signal's Fourier transform or power spectral density to zero above a certain finite frequency.


glycosulfatase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the removal of sulfate from a glycoprotein


denucleation

denucleation (countable and uncountable, plural denucleations)

In any solution, gas nuclei can be deactivated (crushed) by the application of large hydrostatic pressures. The process of crushing is also termed denucleation.

2015, Bruce Wienke, Science of Diving: Concepts and Applications:

(physics) The process of removing of gas nuclei from the liquid solution by the application of hydrostatic pressures.


technihadron

Its weakness relative to extended technicolor is essential to understanding the lightness of H compared to the low-lying spin-one technihadrons.

2016, Kenneth Lane, Lukas Pritchett, “The Light Composite Higgs in Strong Extended Technicolor”, in arXiv:

(physics) A hadron described using the technicolor model.


monoparticle

(physics) non-composite particle; fundamental particle


quasiballistic

Thus, we should note that the exponent α for SWNTs is an effective exponent and valid within the limited quasiballistic region where ballistic and diffusive phonons coexist, rather than the asymptotic exponent at L → ∞.

2007, Ado Jorio, Gene Dresselhaus, Mildred S. Dresselhaus, Carbon Nanotubes, →ISBN:

For this first-order optimization, the electrons not experiencing ballistic (no scattering) and the quasiballistic transport (i.e., only one phonon emission or absorption) within the SEI region are assumed thermalized to the bottom of the conduction band of the SEI layer.

2013, Hadis Morkoç, Nitride Semiconductor Devices: Fundamentals and Applications, →ISBN:

Consequently, in a generic set, these operators are quasiballistic.

2016, Silas L. Carvalho, César R. de Oliveira, “A characterization of singular packing subspaces with an application to limit-periodic operators”, in arXiv:

(physics) Pertaining to scattering events with LO (Local Oscillator) phonons in a resonant tunneling emitter.


charmlet

Let us consider a scenario where a species of charmlet would decay on average n percent of the time before making contact with an ordinary baryon or atomic nucleus and where the probability of the conversion of the baryon or atomic nucleus is 100 percent. The average probability of the initial charmlet converting an ordinary nucleon or atomic nucleus to another catalytic charmlet is n/100.

2016, James Essig, Call of the Cosmic Wild. Relativistic Rockets for the New Millennium, →ISBN, page 199:

(physics) A charm quark or matter composed of charm quarks.


antimatter rocket

antimatter rocket (plural antimatter rockets)

A proposed form of rocket that would use antimatter as direct or indirect propellant


amylomaltase

On the other hand, Kotoński and Sobiech [14 ] found a lower amylomaltase activity in the red and white muscles of carp during winter, when compared to that in summer.

2015 November 12, “The Activity of Neutral α-Glucosidase and Selected Biochemical Parameters in the Annual Cycle of Breeding Carp ( Cyprinus carpio L.)”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyzes the transglycosylation of maltose or maltodextrins


TV pickup

(UK) The situation where a commercial break during a television programme adversely affects electricity generation and transmission as large numbers of people are operating appliances (kettles, refrigerators, etc.) at the same time.


trip-switch

(electricity) A device to halt the current flow, a cut-out or trip.


physical change

physical change (plural physical changes)

chemical composition
chemical composition

(physics, chemistry) A change affecting the form of a chemical substance, but not its chemical composition.


polyglutamylase

polyglutamylase (countable and uncountable, plural polyglutamylases)

Tubulin tyrosine ligase-like (TTLL) proteins show polyglutamylase activity for tubulin in mammalian cells.

2015 November 13, “Polyglutamylated Tubulin Binding Protein C1orf96/CSAP Is Involved in Microtubule Stabilization in Mitotic Spindles”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyzes polyglutamylation.


protelomerase

The parental pDNA (Fig 3) is composed of an^([sic]) eukaryotic expression cassette flanked by two multi-target sites, called "Super Sequence" (SS), acting as recognition sites for PY54 bacteriophage derived Tel protelomerase.

2015 November 13, “Physical Characterization of Gemini Surfactant-Based Synthetic Vectors for the Delivery of Linear Covalently Closed (LCC) DNA Ministrings”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that generates and protects "hairpin" telomeres


endopolygalacturonase

(biochemistry) Any endocytic polygalacturonase


endoperoxidase

COX called also as prostaglandin endoperoxidase synthase is a membrane—bound hemoprotein and glycoprotein enzyme that catalyzes conversion of cell membrane phospholipids, involved in the synthesis of prostanoids comprising: prostaglandin (PG), prostacyclin (PGI) and the thromboxanes (TXA) and exists as 3 isoforms (COX-1, -2 and -3).

2015 November 26, “The Influence of Prolonged Acetylsalicylic Acid Supplementation-Induced Gastritis on the Neurochemistry of the Sympathetic Neurons Supplying Prepyloric Region of the Porcine Stomach”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any peroxidase that is associated with an endoperoxide


deorbit burn

(astronautics) A firing of the engines of a spacecraft to enable it to re-enter the Earth's atmosphere.


iodinase

iodinase (countable and uncountable, plural iodinases)

(biochemistry) Synonym of thyroperoxidase


light intensity

light intensity (countable and uncountable, plural light intensities)

the amount of light given by a light source.


technipion

Those walking technicolor signals can be explored at the Run 2, or 3, which would further open a way to a plethora of yet other (colored) technipions.

2016, Shinya Matsuzaki, Koichi Yamawaki, “Walking from 750 GeV to 950 GeV in the Technipion Zoo”, in arXiv:

(physics) A pion described using the technicolor model.


back action

(physics, quantum mechanics) The effect of a detector on the measurement being recorded.


techni-

(physics) Described using the technicolor model.


co-purification

(physical chemistry) Alternative form of copurification


radiomitigation

Mitigation of the harmful effects of radiation.


feynmanium

From Feynman + -ium. After Richard Feynman, who used a back-of-the-envelope calculation using classical physics to determine that element 137 is the last stably neutrally charged element, as larger elements would need electrons traveling faster than light to become neutral. (This problem goes away when relativity is considered.)

The hypothetical chemical element with atomic number 137.


neurotrypsin

The generation and genotyping of neurotrypsin KO mice has been previously described [22 ].

2015 December 3, “C-Terminal Fragment of Agrin (CAF): A Novel Marker for Progression of Kidney Disease in Type 2 Diabetics”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(biochemistry) A serine peptidase stored in presynaptic nerve endings


MTF

magnetized target fusion
w:magnetized target fusion

(nuclear physics) Initialism of magnetized target fusion.


metalloendoprotease

Following fertilization, ZP2 undergoes proteolytic cleavage by an oocyte-specific astacin-like metalloendoprotease, first reported as ovastacin (citation), released from the cortical granules, and sperm no longer bind to mouse embryos [22 ].

2015 December 4, “Melamine Impairs Female Fertility via Suppressing Protein Level of Juno in Mouse Eggs”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(biochemistry) any endoprotease that is a metalloenzyme


fuse wire

(electricity) the thin wire used in fuses. In old-style fuses a new piece of wire has to be inserted when the fuse blows.


first cosmic velocity

From first + cosmic + velocity, from being the first velocity greater than that able to be held upon the Earth, thus entering the realm of the Cosmos.

The velocity in a circular orbit about the Earth.


third cosmic velocity

From third + cosmic + velocity, from being the next threshold velocity greater than the second cosmic velocity.

The escape velocity of the Solar System (interstellar speed).


third cosmic velocity

third cosmic velocity (plural third cosmic velocities)

(by extension) The escape velocity of a star system.


second cosmic velocity

From second + cosmic + velocity, from being the next threshold velocity greater than the first cosmic velocity.

Escape velocity of Earth (interplanetary speed).


second cosmic velocity

second cosmic velocity (plural second cosmic velocities)

(by extension) Escape velocity of the home body.


scharm

(physics) Being or relating to the squark that is the superpartner of a charm quark.


sdown

(physics) Being or relating to the squark that is the superpartner of a down quark.


tlaplon

From Nahuatl tlapal + -on. Attested from 1978 in physics literature.

(physics, rare) A scalar field that acts as torsion potential.


sstrange

(physics) Being or relating to the squark that is the superpartner of a strange quark.


sbottomonium

(physics) A hypothetical bound state of a superpartner of the bottom quark in some supersymmetric theories.


sbottom

For neutralino masses below approximately 700 GeV, gluino masses of less than 1.78 TeV and 1.76 TeV are excluded at the 95% CL in simplified models of the pair production of gluinos decaying via sbottom and stop, respectively.

2016, ATLAS Collaboration, “Search for pair production of gluinos decaying via stop and sbottom in events with b-jets and large missing transverse momentum in pp collisions at √=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector”, in arXiv:

(physics) The squark that is the superpartner of a bottom quark.


refoldase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyzes refolding of a protein


LSFM

LSFM (countable and uncountable, plural LSFMs)

(microscopy) Initialism of light sheet fluorescence microscopy.


standard gravity

standard gravity (plural standard gravities)

A measure of the nominal gravitational acceleration of an object in a vacuum near the surface of the Earth, defined by standard as 9.80665 m/s².

standaardzwaartekracht

measure of the nominal gravitational acceleration of an object near the surface of the Earth


hemocoagulase

The present study found that patients with postoperative fibrinogen deficiency experienced more operative blood loss and a higher rate of postoperative intracranial hematoma, and they were given more blood transfusions, more plasma transfusions, and were administered larger doses of hemocoagulase compared with patients without postoperative fibrinogen deficiency.

2015 December 12, “Risk Factors for Postoperative Fibrinogen Deficiency after Surgical Removal of Intracranial Tumors”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(biochemistry) An enzyme, typically isolated from snake venom, that catalyzes the coagulation of the blood and therefore stops bleeding


gravitoinertial

The separate and combined influences of otolith and nonotolith sensory inputs upon perception of the oculogravic illusion were investigated by manipulating the visual and gravitoinertial force environments.

1967, Ashton Graybiel, The Effect of Water Immersion on Perception of the Oculogravic Illusion in Normal and Labyrinthine-defective Subjects:

It has been shown that imposed accelerations above 0.2 Hz are usually perceived as translation of self through space, whereas imposed accelerations below that value are usually perceived as a change in direction of the gravitoinertial acceleration vector, i.e., tilt of self with respect to the assumed gravity vertical [38 ].

2015 December 15, “Relationship between Spectral Characteristics of Spontaneous Postural Sway and Motion Sickness Susceptibility”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(physics) Relating to the inertial effects of gravity.


magnetoplasmadynamics

(physics, electromagnetism, engineering, space science, astronautics) The scientific study of the motion of plasma in the presence of a magnetic field.


deacylase

They exhibit a diverse range of functional categories that include porin, transporter, adhesin, lipase, protease, deacylase, pore-forming toxin, and assembly factors [2 ,3 ].

2015 December 23, “PredβTM: A Novel β-Transmembrane Region Prediction Algorithm”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any hydrolase that removes an acyl group by hydrolysis


megaverse

Several of the more interesting variants of string theory propose that our entire universe is one simple three-dimensional membrane existing within a higher-order bulk universe, or megaverse.

2010, James F. Molben, Atheism: Trendy, Chic and Scientifically Misguided, →ISBN, page 28:

An important part of Susskind's picture is that each of the pocket universes is expanding like a bubble, so you can't get out of one, but the whole megaverse also expands, so the bubbles don't collide.

2010, Nick Huggett, Everywhere and Everywhen: Adventures in Physics and Philosophy, →ISBN:

As there is no evidence of an unconditional singularity anywhere it is highly likely that there are other universes and even “mother” megaverses of infinite proportions.

2013, Patrick Cusick, Universis: Big Bangs and Universal Beings, →ISBN, page 10:

(physics) A theoretical higher-order universe that contains multiple (possibly an infinite number of) pocket universes within it.


inulosucrase

(biochemistry) Any transferase that catalyzes the transfer of a fructose moiety from sucrose to inulin


degree of polymerization

degree of polymerization (plural degrees of polymerization)

(organic chemistry) The number of monomeric units in a macromolecule or polymer or oligomer molecule.


trivacancy

To further investigate how the clustering of vacancies influences the mechanical properties, the most stable configurations of di- and trivacancy clusters have been predicted, which correspond to the most compact distribution of vacancies.

2016, Xueyan Zhu, Xingyu Gao, Haifeng Song, Guomin Han, De-Ye Lin, “Effect of vacancies on the mechanical properties of zirconium: An ab initio investigation”, in arXiv:

(physics) A group of three vacancy defects in a crystal.


NUT space

From the rearranged initials of the authors of the paper, Newman, Tamburino and Unti (1963), who independently rediscovered the solution originally found by Taub (1951).

Einstein field equations
Einstein field equations

A particular solution of the Einstein field equations associated with massive objects that have a gravitomagnetic charge.


polonide

(inorganic chemistry) Any binary compound of polonium and a more electropositive element.


statefinder

(physics) A kind of geometrical parameter used in studying dark energy models.


amount of substance

amount of substance (countable and uncountable, plural amounts of substance)

(physical chemistry) The number of particles or formula units (depending on type) present of some substance in some sample; SI unit: mole.


wind generator

a wind-driven generator, working on the same principle as a wind turbine but usually on a smaller scale, used for example for charging batteries on sailing boats.


man in black

Coordinate term: black helicopter

Ever since the cessation of activity by Albert Bender in 1954, and followed closely by a few others, whose disappear[a]nce though less spectacular, from this field of work, caused a stir among the then active workers; the words he used in reference to his case "that he had been visited by three men in black, who demanded that he cease his investigations" left many to conjecture as to who they were, and what was their reason and who they represented.

1958, The Australian Saucer Record, volume 4, number 4, page 1:

Often they arrive at the scene of a UFO landing before those involves have had a chance to tell their story to the authorities, indicating that these Men-in-Black can read – as well as CONTROL – minds.

1991 March 26, John A. Keel, “Who are the UFO silencers?”, in Weekly World News, volume 12, number 25, page 8:

In many UFO sightings in which evidence of the sighting is claimed to exist, government "men in black" are reported to appear at the witnesses' doors demanding the evidence and threatening witnesses in the event they divulge any information regarding their sighting.

1995, James L. Thompson, Alien encounters: the deception menace, Cedar Fort, page 52:

Stories of “men-in-black,” who confront those who have witnessed a UFO with the intention of persuading them to keep their knowledge of space creatures a secret, are also amenable to folkloristic analysis.

1995, John A. Saliba, “UFO Contactee Phenomena from a Sociopsychological Perspective: A Review”, in The Gods have landed: new religions from other worlds, SUNY Press, page 218:

(ufology) A covert government operative, wearing a black suit and black aviator sunglasses, believed by conspiracy theorists to cover up UFO incidents.


quadruelectronic

We studied angular distributions of x rays emitted in resonant recombination of highly charged iron and krypton ions, resolving dielectronic, trielectronic, and quadruelectronic channels.

061201(R) (2016), Chintan Shah, Pedro Amaro, Rene Steinbrügge, Christian Beilmann, Sven Bernitt, Stephan Fritzsche, Andrey Surzhykov, José R. Crespo López-Urrutia, Stanislav Tashenov, “Strong higher-order resonant contributions to x-ray line polarization in hot plasmas”, in Physical Review E, volume 061201:

(physics) Of or pertaining to four electrons.


thermostatics

Clearly, the entropy still has to be defined from thermostatics, and changes to S are attributed to the result of the NE fluctuation-dissipation theorem; Kim for instance has stated “the symmetric fluctuation associated with forward and backward manipulation of the NE work is contingent on time-reversal invariance of the underlying mesoscopic dynamics” which would lead to the ratio of the densities above to be unity.

2016 January 14, “One-Particle Representation of Heat Conduction Described within the Scope of the Second Law”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(physics) The part of thermodynamics that deals with reversible or infinitesimally small changes


EMR

EMR (countable and uncountable, plural EMRs)

electromagnetic radiation
electromagnetic radiation#English

(physics) Initialism of electromagnetic radiation.


phytoceramidase

PHS can be converted to PHC followed by a mechanism similar to that between DHS and DHC, but the reverse reaction is catalyzed by the specific enzyme phytoceramidase.

2016 January 20, “Analysis of the Involvement of Different Ceramide Variants in the Response to Hydroxyurea Stress in Baker's Yeast”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(biochemistry) A ceramidase that acts upon phytoceramides


monoisotope

In addition, our tool determines the charge state of a peak by calculating the similarity between the peak shape of monoisotope and the peak shape of the second isotope peak.

2016 January 20, “iMet-Q: A User-Friendly Tool for Label-Free Metabolomics Quantitation Using Dynamic Peak-Width Determination”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(physics) The principal (most abundant) isotope of an element


rhamnogalacturonase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of a rhamnogalacturonan.


xylogalacturonase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of a xylogalacturonan.


metalloreductase

For plants, no corresponding metalloreductase has so far been found [58 ] indicating that the main storage form of iron in the vacuole appears to be complexed Fe(II).

2016 January 23, “The Organization of Controller Motifs Leading to Robust Plant Iron Homeostasis”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any reductase that is a metalloenzyme


Schwarzschild density

Named after German physicist and astronomer Karl Schwarzschild (1873–1916).

named-after

(astrophysics) The minimum density a black hole can have: c²/(2G) or 6.734×10²⁶ kg/m (kilograms per meter).


dark hydrogen

From being a state of matter which neither transmits nor reflects visible light, but can transmit infrared.

One particular species of these candidates seems to be not dark at all: so-called dark hydrogen masses located in the optical Galactic disk.

2000, F. Combes, G. Pineau des Forets, Molecular Hydrogen in Space, →ISBN, page 48:

The over-unity energy production could be due to a gradual transformation of hydrogen to dark hydrogen in the same state as in water.

2007, Florentin Smarandache, V. Christianto, Hadron models and related New Energy issues, →ISBN, page 96:

However, the rates of dark hydrogen production were relatively low.

2013, Tokio Ohta, Solar-Hydrogen Energy Systems, →ISBN:

(physics) A state of hydrogen that is poorly electrically conductive (much less conductive than metallic hydrogen).


thymidylyltransferase

There are four genes, rmlB (dTDP-glucose 4, 6-dehydratase), rmlD (dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase), rmlA (glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase), and rmlC (dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase) that are involved in the biosynthesis of dTDP-L-rhamnose.

2016 January 30, “Comparison of O-Antigen Gene Clusters of All O-Serogroups of Escherichia coli and Proposal for Adopting a New Nomenclature for O-Typing”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any transferase that transfers a thymidylyl or thymidyl group.


gyroperiod

(physics) The period of the circular motion of a charged particle in the presence of a uniform magnetic field.


DPD

dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase
dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase#English

(biochemistry) Initialism of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase.


ghost condensate

en-noun

ghost condensate (plural ghost condensates)

vacuum expectation value
vacuum expectation value

(particle physics) The proposed situation in which a ghost (an excitation of a field with a wrong sign of the kinetic term) acquires a vacuum expectation value, spontaneously breaking Lorentz invariance.


gauge ghost

Faddeev-Popov ghost
Faddeev-Popov ghost#English

(particle physics) Synonym of Faddeev-Popov ghost


Faddeev-Popov ghost

Faddeev-Popov ghost (plural Faddeev-Popov ghosts)

Named after Ludvig Faddeev and Victor Popov.

(particle physics) An extraneous field introduced into gauge quantum field theories to maintain the consistency of the path integral formulation.


blackstart

From black + start; in the sense of a bird, due to the analogy of redstart.

A restart of a power station without the use of power from the external electricity network.


epylisin

The most notable gene in this cluster is MMP28, which encodes epylisin, a novel human matrix metalloproteinase expressed in keratinocytes and associated with cell proliferation during repair after response to epithelial injury [23, 24 ].

2016 February 6, “Molecular and Cellular Profiling of Scalp Psoriasis Reveals Differences and Similarities Compared to Skin Psoriasis”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(biochemistry) A particular human matrix metalloproteinase


dephosphatase

Indeed, PKC CK2α has been shown to selectively phosphorylate DUSP6 and increase its dephosphatase activity [49 ].

2016 February 10, “Differential Roles for DUSP Family Members in Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition and Cancer Stem Cell Regulation in Breast Cancer”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:


destabilase

destabilase (countable and uncountable, plural destabilases)

Amino acid residues contributing to substrate binding are indicated by empty circles, those contributing to destabilase activity are indicated by black diamonds and those contributing to a potential dimerization are indicated by empty squares.

2016 February 17, “Multiple I-Type Lysozymes in the Hydrothermal Vent Mussel Bathymodiolus azoricus and Their Role in Symbiotic Plasticity”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(biochemistry) A form of lysozyme (isopeptidase) found in the secretions from the salivary glands of medicinal leeches


length contraction

length contraction (plural length contractions)

Lorentz-Fitzgerald contraction
Lorentz-Fitzgerald contraction#English


torsatron

A stellarator with continuous helical coils, or with a number of discrete coils that produce a similar field.


heliotron

A stellarator in which a helical coil is used to confine the plasma, together with a pair of poloidal field coils to provide a vertical field.


Troxler effect

First identified by Swiss physician Ignaz Paul Vital Troxler in 1804.

An optical illusion whereby, when a person fixes the gaze on a particular point, an unchanging stimulus away from the fixation point appears to fade away and disappear.


field coil

The maximum permissible rises in temperature for both the main generators and the traction motors are 120° C. in the armature and 130° C. in the field coils, so that there is an ample margin of safety to meet abnormal conditions.

1960 May, “Testing a Brush Type "2" diesel locomotive”, in Trains Illustrated, page 304:

electrical engineering
electrical engineering

(electrical engineering) An electromagnet, consisting of a coil of wire through which a current flows, used to generate a magnetic field in an electromagnetic machine, typically a rotating machine such as a motor or generator.


diatron

(dated, physics) An electronic circuit containing diodes


de Sitter space

de Sitter space (plural de Sitter spaces)

Named after Willem de Sitter (1872–1934), professor of astronomy.

A Lorentzian manifold in Minkowski space which is the analogue of the sphere in ordinary Euclidean space.


anti-de Sitter space

anti-de Sitter space (plural anti-de Sitter spaces)

A Lorentzian manifold in Minkowski space which is the analogue of a hyperbola in ordinary Euclidean space.


electrion

(physics, dated) Alternative form of electron


chernobylite

(mineralogy) A technogenic crystalline zirconium silicate containing uranium as a solid solution, discovered in the corium produced by the Chernobyl nuclear accident.


gravity brightened

(physics, astronomy) Of a star, specifically its poles: brighter due to gravity brightening.


limb-darkened

(physics, astronomy) Darkened by limb darkening.


limb-brightened

(physics, astronomy) Brightened by limb brightening.


gravity-darkened

(physics, astronomy) Of a star, specifically its equator: darker due to gravity darkening.


gravity darkening

(physics, astronomy) The phenomenon of a star rotating so rapidly that it is oblate, with a larger radius and thus lower surface gravity at the equator (which is thus cooler and darker: gravity-darkened), and higher surface gravity at the poles (which are hotter and brighter: gravity brightened).


limb darkening

(physics, astronomy) The optical effect where the edge of the disk of a star appears darker than the center of the disk.


limb brightening

(physics, astronomy) The optical effect where, when certain wavelengths (not in the spectrum of visible light) are examined, the edge of the disk of a star appears brighter than the center of the disk.


papayotin

(biochemistry) A proteolytic enzyme found in the papaw, resembling papain in its action.


future history

future history (countable and uncountable, plural future histories)

(countable) A postulated history of the future that is used by authors in the subgenre of science fiction to construct a common background for fiction.


endogalactanase

(biochemistry) Any endocytic galactanase


galactanase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of a galactan


endoarabinanase

100 μl reactions were carried out containing equal volumes of buffered substrate (pH 4.5) and suitably diluted culture filtrate which were then incubated at 40°C for 1 h in the case of the endoarabinanase, endo-1,4-β-glucanase and endo-1,4-β-xylanase activities and 16 h for the endo-1,4-β-galactanase and rhamnogalacturonan activities.

2015 August 1, Isabelle Benoit et al., “Closely related fungi employ diverse enzymatic strategies to degrade plant biomass”, in Biotechnology for Biofuels, volume 8, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any endocytic arabinanase


retrotranscriptase

DNA microarrays are particularly useful tools in this aspect: after collecting RNA samples from either tissue or cell cultures, cDNA is produced via a retrotranscriptase and hybridized with DNA probes attached to the surface of a manufactured chip.

2015 July 7, Yunlong Hou et al., “Animal Models and “Omics” Technologies for Identification of Novel Biomarkers and Drug Targets to Prevent Heart Failure”, in BioMed Research International, volume 2015, →DOI:

reverse transcriptase
reverse transcriptase#English

(biochemistry) Synonym of reverse transcriptase.


rhamnogalacturonanase

Endoarabinanase, endo-1,4-β-glucanase (cellulase), endo-1,4-β-galactanase and rhamnogalacturonanase activities were measured using 20 mg/ml of Red Debranched Arabinan (S-RDAR), Azo-CM-cellulose (S-ACMC), Azo-galactan (S-AGALP) and AZ-rhamnogalacturonan (S-AZRH), respectively.

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of a rhamnogalacturonan


semiconductance

(physics) The conductance of a semiconductor.


boom-boom

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-boom-boom.wav

The boom-boom bass out in the truck bay wasn't quite loud enough to drown out the whoops and the hollers of the ladies.

2015, Kate Meader, Flirting with Fire, Simon and Schuster, →ISBN, page 60:


meta-universe

(physics, cosmology) Synonym of multiverse


einselection

Short for environment-induced superselection. Coined by Polish theoretical physicist Wojciech H. Zurek.

wavefunction collapse
wavefunction collapse

(quantum mechanics) A process claimed to explain wavefunction collapse and the emergence of classical descriptions of reality from quantum descriptions. In this approach, classicality is described as an emergent property induced in open quantum systems by their environments.


exopassive

When powder materials with conductive exopassive admixtures (graphite) are used the double peak around 250°C may be convenient for the main dose read out and the double peak around 450°C for dose information storage only.

1971, G. Holzapfel, E. Cryssou, “Exoelectronic Properties of Al₂O₃-Solids”, in Vagn Mejdahl, editor, Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Luminescence Dosimetry, Risø, →ISBN:

(physics, rare) Allowing exoelectron emission.


Møller scattering

Named after the Danish physicist Christian Møller (1904–1980).

quantum field theory
quantum field theory

(physics) electron-electron scattering in quantum field theory


pseudohamiltonian

(physics) A generalization of a pseudopotential, where in addition to changing the potential the mass is varied to achieve the desired properties of the valence states.


ceriation

Furthermore, the method used for the ceriation of the Rh catalyst […]

2016, Challa S.S.R. Kumar, X-ray and Neutron Techniques for Nanomaterials Characterization:

(chemistry) The addition of cerium (especially to a metal catalyst).


cholinephosphotransferase

In addition to de novo DAG that is generated via the Kennedy pathway, DAG precursors for TAG synthesis can also be derived from PC by the reversible action of two enzymes, PC:DAG cholinephosphotransferase (PDCT/ROD1; [ 65 ] and/or cytidine-5′-diphosphocholine:DAG cholinephosphotransferase (CPT; [ 66, 67 ].

2015 August 16, Aruna Kilaru et al., “Oil biosynthesis in a basal angiosperm: transcriptome analysis of Persea Americana mesocarp”, in BMC Plant Biology, volume 15, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the transfer of phosphocholine (in a glyceride)


macrocircuit

An electrical circuit composed of macroscale components


electroformation

electroformation (countable and uncountable, plural electroformations)

Chloroform was removed by applying nitrogen gas to the electroformation chamber followed by incubation at 95°C for 5 min, and subsequently filled with 800 μL of a 200 mM sucrose solution containing Alexa Fluor 488 and Alexa Fluor 633 hydrazide in a 1:1 ratio.

2015 July 28, Morten Hyldgaard et al., “Isoeugenol has a non-disruptive detergent-like mechanism of action”, in Frontiers in Microbiology, volume 6, →DOI:


sphingosinokinase

For the other S1P species, the the^([sic]) mostly important is sphingosinokinase (SK) in the reticulum, inner membrane and nucleus, respectively.

2015 August 15, Weronika Wronowska et al., “Computational modeling of sphingolipid metabolism”, in BMC Systems Biology, volume 9, →DOI:


antineutralino

(physics) The antiparticle of a neutralino.


antigravitino

(physics) The fermionic superpartner of an antigraviton.


spositron

(physics) The supersymmetric partner of a positron.


antisneutrino

(physics) The antiparticle of a sneutrino.


sakaton

(physics) Any of the elementary particles (the proton, neutron, and lambda baryon) that make up other hadrons in the Sakata model, a precursor to the quark model.


antislepton

(physics) The antiparticle of a slepton.


antisfermion

(physics) The antiparticle of a sfermion.


planckon

On the other hand, quantum mechanical arguments have been put forth which suggest that the ultimate remnant of an evaporating black hole is a degenerate gas (fluid) of Planck mass black holes called planckons […]

1989, Larry L. Smalley, Ideal Black Hole Fluid:


pressuron

From pressure + -on, so called because it decouples from matter in pressureless regimes.

(physics) A hypothetical scalar particle that couples to both gravity and matter.


antisakaton

(physics) The antiparticle of a sakaton.


reggeon

From Regge + -on. From the name of Tullio Regge, Italian theoretical physicist.

(physics) A virtual particle involved in the scattering described by Regge theory.


best form lens

best form lens (plural best form lenses)

The lens form having the least optical aberrations is called the best form''' lens. For most powers of spectacle lenses the best for is a meniscus lens.

2003, R. Pitts Crick, A Textbook of Clinical Ophthalmology:

(optics) A lens that is designed to minimize spherical aberration.


megasynthase

A long, multi-domain olefin megasynthase was translationally coupled to a reporter protein or antibiotic resistance marker as a way to monitor and improve its translation elongation via synonymous codon mutations ( 34 ).

2015 June 27, Tian Tian, Howard M. Salis, “A predictive biophysical model of translational coupling to coordinate and control protein expression in bacterial operons”, in Nucleic Acids Research, volume 43, →DOI:

(biochemistry) A large, complex synthase (that produces a specific natural product as if on an assembly line)


hemoglobinase

H11 and H-gal-GP are believed to be components of the hemoglobinase complex in the H. contortus adult gut responsible for digestion of the ingested host hemoglobin and are regarded as hidden antigens not exposed to the host immune system [ 9, 16, 17 ].

2015 August 19, Christian Heim et al., “Inhibition of Haemonchus contortus larval development by fungal lectins”, in Parasites & Vectors, volume 8, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the breakdown of hemoglobin


isopentenyltransferase

The rate-limiting step for cytokinin biosynthesis involves a group of isopentenyltransferase (IPT) enzymes.

2015 April 23, Simon Moore et al., “Spatiotemporal modelling of hormonal crosstalk explains the level and patterning of hormones and gene expression in Arabidopsis thaliana wild-type and mutant roots”, in The New Phytologist, volume 207, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any transferase that catalyses the transfer of an isopentenyl group


optical black hole

optical black hole (plural optical black holes)

Bose-Einstein condensate
Bose-Einstein condensate

A phenomenon in which slow light is passed through a Bose-Einstein condensate that is itself spinning faster than the local speed of light within to create a vortex capable of trapping the light behind an event horizon, just as a gravitational black hole would.


endoglycoceramidase

Results of analyzing Exo1 with the InterProScan [ 24 ] software at the Carbohydrate Active Enzymes database ( http://www.cazy.org/ ) [ 38 ], suggests that Exo1 belongs to the Glycoside Hydrolase Family 5 (GH5), which includes enzymes with cellulase or xylanase activity [i.e., endoglucanase (Enzyme Commission number [ 39 ]: EC 3.2.1.4), xylanase (EC 3.2.1.8), exo-1,3-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.58), endo-1,6-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.75), β-mannanase (EC 3.2.1.78), and endoglycoceramidase (EC 3.2.1.123)].

2015 August 11, Angsana Keeratijarut et al., “The Immunoreactive Exo-1,3-β-Glucanase from the Pathogenic Oomycete Pythium insidiosum Is Temperature Regulated and Exhibits Glycoside Hydrolase Activity”, in PLoS ONE, volume 10, →DOI:

(biochemistry) A membrane-asociated endocytic glycosidase


crosspeak

(physics) A correlation between two peaks


Goddard-Thorn theorem

Named after Peter Goddard and Charles Thorn.

(mathematics, physics) A theorem about certain vector spaces, relating to string theory.


clean power

Remind them, if necessary, that properly done, microhydro will generate clean power for many years without damaging the environment in any way.

2003, Scott Davis, Microhydro: Clean Power from Water:

Electric power generated without polluting the environment.


glycerophosphodiesterase

As a first application, we have simulated the diffuse scattering produced by alternative TLS refinements of the glycerophosphodiesterase GpdQ (Jackson et al., 2007 ▸ ).

2015 July 28, Andrew H. Van Benschoten et al., “Predicting X-ray diffuse scattering from translation–libration–screw structural ensembles”, in Acta Crystallographica Section D: Biological Crystallography, volume 71, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any enzyme (such as a lecithinase) that catalyses the hydrolysis of a glycerophosphodiester


diphosphohydrolase

A recent study reported that the endoplasmic reticulum enzyme ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 5 stimulates ATP consumption and favors aerobic glycolysis, thereby promoting cancer cell survival [ 30 ].

2015 August 18, Somin Lee et al., “High Inorganic Phosphate Intake Promotes Tumorigenesis at Early Stages in a Mouse Model of Lung Cancer”, in PLoS ONE, volume 10, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any phosphohydrolase that catalyses the removal of two phosphate groups (typically from a triphosphate)


cyanoborodeuteride

Synthesis of DiLeu labels required purchasing the following isotopic reagents from ISOTEC Inc (Miamisburg, OH): leucines (ʟ-leucine and ʟ-leucine-1-¹³C,¹⁵N), heavy formaldehyde (CD₂O, 20% w/w), sodium cyanoborodeuteride (NaBD₃CN), ¹⁸O water (H₂¹⁸O), and deuterium water (D₂O).

2015 August 12, Tyler Greer et al., “Custom 4-Plex DiLeu Isobaric Labels Enable Relative Quantification of Urinary Proteins in Men with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS)”, in PLoS ONE, volume 10, →DOI:

(inorganic chemistry) Any cyanoborohydride in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced with deuterium


pentapeptidase

VanY, a d -Ala- d -Ala-specific pentapeptidase, evolved into VanXY through acquisition of the “bisubstrate loop,” which added hydrolysis of d -Ala- d -Ala to that of a d -Ala- d -Ala-containing pentapeptide.

2015 August 11, Djalal Meziane-Cherif et al., “Structural and Functional Adaptation of Vancomycin Resistance VanT Serine Racemases”, in mBio, volume 6, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of a pentapeptide


conservation of energy

Robert Mayer is well known as one of the several codiscoverers of the principle of the conservation of energy, the formulation of which was arguably the most important single development in physics during the ...

2015, Kenneth L. Caneva, Robert Mayer and the Conservation of Energy, Princeton University Press, →ISBN:

Like the concept of conservation of mass, the idea of conservation of energy is also applicable to all chemical reactions.

2005, S C Rastogi, Cell Biology, New Age International, →ISBN, page 2:

Temperatures decrease with altitude due to adiabatic cooling (a rising parcel of air expands, and must therefore cool due to conservation of energy).

2008, A Regularization Technique for the Analysis of Photographic Data Used in Chemical Release Wind Measurements, ProQuest, →ISBN, page 2:

This contribution reduces with increasing distance p from the emitting surface element dA, due to conservation of energy, as the wave energy distributed across the spherical wave front remains constant, while the radius increases during ...

1998, Dieter Schuocker, Handbook of the Eurolaser Academy, Springer Science & Business Media, →ISBN, page 51:

The net result is the black hole loses mass (due to conservation of energy).

year unknown, Large Hadron Collider, PediaPress, page 131

(physics) a principle stating that energy may not be created or destroyed


sulfamidase

Continuous secretion of hASA into the CSF of wild-type (C57BL/6J) mice was seen, and the levels were sustainable, similar to sustained secretion of sulfamidase in mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA dogs 6 .

2015 August 18, Kohei Hironaka et al., “Enzyme replacement in the CSF to treat metachromatic leukodystrophy in mouse model using single intracerebroventricular injection of self-complementary AAV1 vector”, in Scientific Reports, volume 5, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the removal of sulfate groups from carbohydrates such as mucopolysaccharides


disaggregase

Another small molecule, Hsp104,a protein disaggregase, can rapidly resolubilize denatured protein aggregates and restore function of proteins [ 94, 95 ].

2014 July 4, Zhe Long, Beisha Tang, Hong Jiang, “Alleviating neurodegeneration in Drosophila models of PolyQ diseases”, in Cerebellum & Ataxias, volume 1, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that breaks up protein aggregates


imipenemase

In addition to KPC, several other carbapenemases have been identified in the United States: New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM), oxacillinase (OXA), Verona integron–encoded metallo-β-lactamase (VIM), and imipenemase (IMP) ( 5, 6 ).

2015, Nora Chea et al., “Improved Phenotype-Based Definition for Identifying Carbapenemase Producers among Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae”, in Emerging Infectious Diseases, volume 21, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the breakdown of imipenem


atomic power

synonym of nuclear power (normally sense 1)


chromomethylase

For the families DNMT2, DNMT3 and chromomethylase, these values are 65, 36–52%, and 53–60%, respectively, for both species.

2015 August 18, Clelia De-la-Peña et al., “The role of chromatin modifications in somatic embryogenesis in plants”, in Frontiers in Plant Science, volume 6, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the methylation of chromatin


monoubiquitinase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses monoubiquitination


transsialidase

One of the earliest events of multiple modifications of LDL is a desialylation of lipoprotein glycoconjugates caused by the transsialidase circulating in the blood [ 15 ].

2015 June 9, Alexander N. Orekhov et al., “Development of Antiatherosclerotic Drugs on the basis of Natural Products Using Cell Model Approach”, in Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, volume 2015, →DOI:

(biochemistry) Any sialidase that operates between the surfaces of different cells


ULP

(biochemistry) Initialism of ubiquitin-like protein.

ultra-luminous pulsar
ultra-luminous pulsar#English

(astronomy) Abbreviation of ultra-luminous pulsar.

Settlement of an ULP charge which required the parties to reopen the existing collective bargaining agreement did not remove the collective bargaining agreement as a bar.

1996 May 20, The Judge Advocate General's School, “The Representation Process”, in The Law of Federal Labor-Management Relations, Charlottesville: US Army, JA 211, page 21:

unfair labor practice
unfair labor practice#English

(US politics) Initialism of unfair labor practice.


antihorizon

White holes must therefore be surrounded by the opposite of an event horizon, something known as an antihorizon, which would allow one-way traffic out and never in. Unfortunately, antihorizons are very unstable and get converted to normal horizons in a matter of seconds after forming.

2002, Jim Al-Khalili, Black Holes, Wormholes and Time Machines, page 199:

The Kruskal diagram of the Schwarzschild geometry showed it to possess not only a normal horizon but also an antihorizon, beyond which there was, supposedly, another Universe.

2009, Jon Schiller, 21st Century Cosmology, page 54:

To distant observers the light appears, due to gravitational time dilation, to slow down as it approaches the antihorizon.

2010, Enrico Rodrigo, The Physics of Stargates:

(astrophysics) The opposite of an event horizon, allowing escape but not entry.


bicosmology

(physics) A cosmology based on bigravity


gravitoturbulent

(physics) Subject to gravity and turbulence


failed supernova

failed supernova (plural failed supernovae or failed supernovas)

failed supernovae (plural)
failed supernovas (plural)

(astronomy) An event that ends the fusion lifetime of a large and massive star. It is a partial type-II supernova, where the collapse process occurs, but no significant rebound occurs, and the nascent black hole swallows the incoming implosion resulting in no outbound explosion or subsequent light burst.


dibridgehead

(physical chemistry, rare) Being or relating to either of the two atoms in different parts of a molecule that are connected by two bridges, each of two or more other atoms.


delocalizable

en-adj

delocalizable (comparative more delocalizable, superlative most delocalizable)

more delocalizable (comparative)
most delocalizable (superlative)

(quantum mechanics, physical chemistry, physics) Able to undergo delocalization


delocalizability

en-noun

delocalizability (countable and uncountable, plural delocalizabilities)

(quantum mechanics, physical chemistry, physics) The condition, or the extent of being delocalizable


bicontinuity

bicontinuity (countable and uncountable, plural bicontinuities)

(physics, chemistry) The state of being bicontinuous


pseudophase

(physics, chemistry) A microemulsion of immiscible liquids that appears to be a single phase


pseudoternary

(physics, chemistry) That appears to consist of three phases


decaging

(physical chemistry) Removal from a cage structure


cocatalyzed

Modifications developed in attempts to improve these weaknesses incorporate a second catalyst, and are called cocatalyzed baths.

1994, Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Wiley, →OCLC:

(chemistry) Catalyzed by two or more catalysts.


peribothron

Ancient Greek περί (perí, “near”) + βόθρος (bóthros, “pit”)

We also examine the final peribothra q of these orbits to ensure that they are consistent with the observed value for S0-2.

2003 August, A Gould& AC Quillen, “Sagittarius A* companion S0-2: a probe of very high mass star formation”, in The Astrophysical Journal, volume 592, number 2:

On subsequent peribothra further tidal interactions take place, gradually causing the orbit to decay.

2006 July, LM Dray, AR King, MB Davies, “Young stars in the Galactic Centre: a potential intermediate-mass star origin”, in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, volume 372, number 1:

Galaxies harboring an isolated SMBH at their center are expected to quickly clear a "loss cone" of orbits whose angular momenta about the black hole are low enough that their peribothra lie inside rₜ .

2011, C Wegg, JN Bode, “Multiple tidal disruptions as an indicator of binary supermassive black hole systems”, in The Astrophysical Journal Letters:

(astronomy) The point in an elliptical orbit around a black hole where the orbiting body is closest to the black hole.


decage

en-verb

decage (third-person singular simple present decages, present participle decaging, simple past and past participle decaged)

decages (present singular third-person)
decaging (participle present)
decaged (participle past)
decaged (past)

(physical chemistry) To remove from a cage material (especially for drug delivery)


exoglucosidase

(biochemistry) Any glucosidase enzyme that hydrolyses a terminal glucosidic bond


multiexcitonic

(physics) That involves multiple excitons


interelectrolyte

(physics) Between an electrolyte and an electrode


photomagnet

(physics) Any material whose magnetic properties are changed by interaction with light


piezochromic

(physics) Whose colour depends upon the applied pressure


piezochromism

(physics) The relationship between the colour of a material and the applied pressure


cointercalation

(physical chemistry) The intercalation of two or more materials


radiofluorinate

radiofluorinate (third-person singular simple present radiofluorinates, present participle radiofluorinating, simple past and past participle radiofluorinated)

radiofluorinates (present singular third-person)
radiofluorinating (participle present)
radiofluorinated (participle past)
radiofluorinated (past)

(chemistry) To fluorinate using a radiofluorine compound


radiofluorination

(chemistry) fluorination using radiofluorine


flatband

(physics) A horizontal part of the band diagram of a semiconductor at which there is no voltage drop across it


coconformation

(physical chemistry) The joint conformation of two, interacting molecules, especially that of a rotaxane


pi bond

(physics, chemistry) A form of covalent bond in which a pair of atomic orbitals are shared


halogenase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyzes a halogenation reaction


ketosynthase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of ketones, but especially that catalyzes the synthesis of polyketides


magnetophotoluminescence

en-noun

magnetophotoluminescence (countable and uncountable, plural magnetophotoluminescences)

(physics) photoluminescence in a magnetic field


biredox

(chemistry) Having two redox moieties in each molecule (typically in a cation and an anion)


crystal class

(crystallography) Any of 32 possible classes of crystals, arising from the 32 possible combinations of symmetry operations.


crystal habit

(crystallography) The characteristic external shape of an individual crystal or crystal group.


bisintercalating

(physical chemistry) That intercalates using two links, or a double bond


bisintercalation

bisintercalation (countable and uncountable, plural bisintercalations)

(physical chemistry) intercalation using two links, or a double bond


bathochromically

(physics) In a direction of lower frequency


solvatofluorochromism

(chemistry, physics) The effect of solvent on the colour and fluorescence of dyes


superlocalization

(physics) localization (e.g. of a nanoparticle) to a precision better than can be achieved using normal optical means


quadriwave

(physics) Involving four waves or (more often) four wavefronts

quadriwave lateral shearing interferometry


stenopaeic

From Ancient Greek στενός (stenós, “narrow”) (see steno-) + ὀπαῖος (opaîos, “perforated”), from ὀπή (opḗ, “opening”).

These patients were selected retrospectively, and only those treated with complete bed-rest and stenopaeic spectacles alone were accepted.

1976 April, Thorkild Bramsen, “Traumatic hyphaema treated with the antifibrinolytic drug tranexamic acid”, in Acta ophthalmologica, volume 54, number 2:

Stenopaeic slit refraction is usually attempted when retinoscopy and more conventional subjective refractive techniques, i.e. JCC and FC, fail to provide satisfactory results.

2009, Mark Rosenfield, Nicola Logan, Keith H. Edwards, Optometry: Science, Techniques and Clinical Management, →ISBN, page 219:

By contrast, the more aquatic sea lion eye is emmetropic in water and depends upon a flattened cornea and stenopaeic aperture for the formation of a good image in air (WALLs, 1942; SCHUSTERMAN, 1972).

2013, F. Crescitelli, The Visual System in Vertebrates, →ISBN, page 680:

(optics) Pertaining to a narrow opening or slit in an opaque barrier that restricts the light which reaches the eye.


linebroadening

linebroadening (countable and uncountable, plural linebroadenings)

(physics) The broadening of a spectral line.


pseudocapacity

(physics) The capacity of a pseudocapacitor


chronopotentiometric

(physical chemistry) Relating to chronopotentiometry


nuclear pasta

From the resemblance of its phases to various types of pasta.

Watanabe, Gentaro, Iida, Kei, Sato, Katsuhiko (2000 August 20) “Thermodynamic properties of nuclear "pasta" in neutron star crusts”, in Nuclear Physics A, volume 676, numbers 1-4, →DOI, pages 455–473

The elastic properties of neutron star crusts are relevant for a variety of currently observable or near-future electromagnetic and gravitational wave phenomena. These phenomena may depend on the elastic properties of nuclear pasta found in the inner crust.

2018 September 24, M. E. Caplan, A. S. Schneider, C. J. Horowitz, “Elasticity of Nuclear Pasta”, in Physical Review Letters, volume 121, number 13, →DOI, retrieved 2021-08-26, page 132701:

The inner crust [of a neutron star] is where the nuclear pasta phase, a novel state of matter having nucleons arranged in a variety of complex shapes, is expected to appear. In the innermost layers near the crust/core boundary, because of the large effect of the Coulomb lattice energy, cylindrical and planar geometries can occur, both as nuclei and as bubbles. These phases are collectively named nuclear pasta (by analogy to the shape of spaghetti, macaroni and lasagna).

2013, José A. Pons, Daniele Viganò, Nanda Rea, “Too much "pasta" for pulsars to spin down”, in Nature Physics, volume 9, number 7, →Bibcode, →DOI, [arxiv.org arXiv] 1304.6546, pages 431–434:

(astrophysics) A type of degenerate matter found within the crusts of neutron stars, where the competition between nuclear attraction and Coulomb repulsion forces of similar magnitude allows for the formation of a variety of complex structures assembled from neutrons and protons.


glycogenin

(biochemistry) An enzyme that initiates the conversion of glucose to glycogen


silver bromide

(inorganic chemistry) the silver salt of hydrobromic acid, AgBr, sometimes used in photographic papers


NORM

Radon in homes is one occurrence of NORM which may give rise to concern and action to control it, by ventilation.

2016, World Nuclear Association, (Please provide the book title or journal name):

Initialism of naturally occurring radioactive materials.


Hohmann transfer orbit

Hohmann transfer orbit (plural Hohmann transfer orbits)

Named after Walter Hohmann, German scientist who described it in 1925.

(aerospace) An elliptical orbit used to transfer between two circular orbits of different radii in the same plane.


Planck star

The entire matter of the sun condensed into the space of an atom: a Planck star should be constituted by this extreme state of matter.

2015, Carlo Rovelli, translated by Simon Carnell and Erica Segre, Seven Brief Lessons on Physics, Penguin, published 2016, page 44:

(astrophysics) A hypothetical astronomical object whose energy is around the Planck density (5.155 × 10⁹⁶ kg/m³).


supercomposite

Supersymmetry and compositeness can be combined to yield supercomposite models, which are characterized by two different energy scales: Ms, where supersymmetry breaking occurs, and Mc, the scale of compositeness.

1988, H. V. Klapdor, Hans Volker Klapdor-Kleingrothaus, Bogdan Povh, Neutrino physics:

However it is formed, the sharp pair decay of this supercomposite state is expected to dominate over the One-Photon decay (and also over the e⁺e⁻γ), and (γγ) decays) and therefore to contradict the γ dominance expected for a conventional IPC process.

1996, Benito Arruñada, Gary D. Westfall, Advances in Nuclear Dynamics 2, →ISBN, page 323:

(nuclear physics) A model of subatomic particles that combines supersymmetry with the study of composite particles.


pantetheinase

(biochemistry) Any pantetheine hydrolase


radiumizer

(historical) A device for treating water with radium, once believed to have health benefits.


radiumize

en-verb

radiumize (third-person singular simple present radiumizes, present participle radiumizing, simple past and past participle radiumized)

radiumizes (present singular third-person)
radiumizing (participle present)
radiumized (participle past)
radiumized (past)

(transitive, rare) To treat with radium.


FIB

focused ion beam
focused ion beam#English

(physics) Initialism of focused ion beam.


holocarboxylase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses multiple carboxylation or decarboxylation reactions, especially those involving biotin


SHIM

scanning helium ion microscope
scanning helium ion microscope#English

(uncountable, microscopy) Abbreviation of scanning helium ion microscope.


YORP effect

From the first letters of the surnames Yarkovsky, O'Keefe, Radzievskii and Paddack + effect. Coined in 2000 by American geophysicist David Perry Rubincam.

(astrophysics) The effect of solar radiation on an asymmetric asteroid or other small body whereby its rate of rotation increases, potentially leading to the object's eventual disintegration.