thermophysics

statistical mechanics
statistical mechanics

(physics) The overall study of the physics as it relates to heat and temperature, encompassing thermodynamics, statistical mechanics and the kinetic theory of gases; thermal physics


series-wound

A motor car is provided with two self-ventilated series-wound G.E.C. traction motors, each having a continuous rating of 80 h.p. at 575 V. 116 A. at a field strength of 66 per cent.

1960 February, “The first of London's new Piccadilly Line trains is delivered”, in Trains Illustrated, page 94:

electrical engineering
electrical engineering

(electrical engineering) Of an electric motor, having the windings connected in series.


mass density

mass of some sample per unit volume occupied; density


number density

en-noun

number density (plural number densities)


Hugoniot

A single-shock Hugoniot consistent with the data has been determined for the high-pressure modification of some of these rocks.

1967, Journal of Geophysical Research, volume 72, number 20, pages 4999–5036:

Rankine-Hugoniot equation
Rankine-Hugoniot equation

(physics) An equation invented by Pierre Henri Hugoniot; the Rankine-Hugoniot equation.


M/L ratio

L ratio (countable and uncountable, plural L ratios)

mass-to-light ratio
mass-to-light ratio#English

(astrophysics) Short for mass-to-light ratio.

media-to-lumen ratio
media-to-lumen ratio#English

(medicine) Short for media-to-lumen ratio.


cosmic censorship hypothesis

cosmic censorship hypothesis (plural cosmic censorship hypotheses)

A conjecture that expects that all spacetime singularities are enclosed within event horizons.


d'Alembert operator

d'Alembert operator (plural d'Alembert operators)

Named after Jean le Rond d'Alembert (1717–1783), a French mathematician, mechanician, physicist, philosopher, and music theorist.

differential operator
differential operator

(physics) A differential operator which may be expressed as ∂_μ∂^μ=∑_(μ=0)³∂/∂x^μ∂/∂x_μ; it is the four-dimensional (Minkowski space) equivalent of the three-dimensional Laplace operator.

Jean le Rond d'Alembert
d'Alembert operator


quantum field theory

quantum field theory (countable and uncountable, plural quantum field theories)

The central identity of quantum field theory (according to A. Zee) is an equation which shows how to perturbatively derive a set of Feynman rules from a Lagrangian.

(quantum mechanics) A theory of quantum fields; the result of applying second quantization to Classical Relativistic Field Theory.


neutral section

neutral section (plural neutral sections)

When a driver approaches a neutral section separating sections of 25 kV. and 15 kV. overhead catenary, he trips the main circuit-breaker but keeps his pantographs up; as soon as the next section of live wire is reached, he re-sets his contact-breaker, whereupon voltage-sensitive relays automatically make appropriate connections to the auxiliary circuits.

1960 March, “Silicon Rectifiers for a French dual-frequency Bo-Bo locomotive”, in Trains Illustrated, page 166:

(rail transport, electrical engineering) A dead section of overhead line for supplying power to trains between two live sections, used to separate two power supplies, different phases and supply voltages.


time loop

(chiefly science fiction) A hypothetical or fictional instance of characters living through a set period of time repeatedly until the loop can be broken.


WalK

(biochemistry) A particular histidine kinase


forked lightning

forked lightning (usually uncountable, plural forked lightnings)


fork lightning

fork lightning (usually uncountable, plural fork lightnings)

It did not occur to him to be afraid of the vivid fork lightning or the loud thunder that reverberated down the valley.

1959, Moore Raymond, Smiley Roams the Road, London: Hulton Press, page 131:

Lightning that contains bolts that branch.


load bank

Electric locomotives [...] Class 84: 84009 was taken on by the Derby RTC as a load bank locomotive in August 1978, [...]. It lasted in this role until December 1992 and was scrapped exactly three years later.

2020 July 1, Pip Dunn, “Department store”, in Rail, page 92:

(electrical engineering) A piece of electrical test equipment used to simulate an electrical load, to test an electric power source without connecting it to its normal operating load.


Born-Haber cycle

Born-Haber cycle (plural Born-Haber cycles)

Named after the German scientists Max Born and Fritz Haber, who developed it in 1919.

(analytical chemistry, physical chemistry) A cycle concerned with the formation of an ionic compound from the reaction of a metal (often a Group I or Group II element) with a halogen or other non-metallic element such as oxygen; used to analyze reaction energies.


EDMR

w:electrically detected magnetic resonance

(physics) Initialism of electrically detected magnetic resonance.


quantum field

In Chaps. 3, 4, and 5, we saw that for each spin type, the Schrödinger picture wave equation for a state and the Heisenberg picture wave equation for the associated quantum field had the same form. In the former case, the wave equation solution was a state, i.e., a particle wave function. In the latter, the wave equation solution was a quantum field, i.e., an operator that created and destroyed states. For free scalars, this equation was the Klein-Gordon equation; for spinors, it was the (no interactions) Dirac equation; and for massless vectors (photons), it was Maxwell’s equation (sourceless, in terms of A#x5C;mu).

2013, Robert D. Klauber, Student Friendly Quantum Field Theory, 2nd edition, Fairfield, IA: Sandtrove Press, published 2018, →ISBN, →OCLC, §7.2.1, page 186:

The result is zero expectation value for φ, and this would be true for whatever state, including the vacuum, that we choose. This effectively means that we would measure nothing if we tried to measure the quantum field φ. The field itself is unmeasurable.

(quantum mechanics) A quantum operator-valued function of (any point in) space.


alcosol

(organic chemistry, physical chemistry) A colloid where the dispersive media is alcohol.


Legendre transformation

Legendre transformation (plural Legendre transformations)

Adrien-Marie Legendre
Legendre transformation

Named after Adrien-Marie Legendre (1752–1852), a French mathematician.

A Legendre transformation looks like this: H=∑ᵢ₌₁ⁿp_i̇q_i-L=∑ᵢ₌₁ⁿ∂L/∂̇q_i̇q_i-L, where the q_i are generalized coordinates, their dotted versions ̇q_i are their time derivatives, the p_i=∂L/∂̇q_i are generalized momenta or conjugate momenta, L=L(q_1,...,q_n;̇q_1,...,̇q_n) is a Lagrangian function and H=H(q_1,...,q_n;p_1,...,p_n) is a Hamiltonian function.

Hamiltonian function
Hamiltonian function

(physics, analytical dynamics) A formula for converting a Lagrangian function to a Hamiltonian function (or vice versa).

Helmholtz free energy
Helmholtz free energy

(thermodynamics) A relation between internal energy (expressed in terms of volume and entropy) and enthalpy (replacing volume with pressure), or between internal energy and Helmholtz free energy (replacing entropy with temperature), or between enthalpy and Gibbs free energy (replacing entropy with temperature), or between internal energy and Gibbs free energy (replacing volume with pressure and entropy with temperature), or between Helmholtz free energy and Gibbs free energy (replacing volume with pressure).


theta pinch

(physics) A pinch (magnetic compression of an electrically-conducting filament) where the magnetic field runs down the axis of the cylinder, while the electric field is in the azimuthal direction.


dynostarter

The diesel engine is mounted forward of the transmission with the dynostarter coupled to an auxiliary drive at the rear of the transmission.

1960 June, “The N.B. Loco. Co. diesel-hydraulic Type "2" locomotive”, in Trains Illustrated, page 345:

(electrical engineering) A dynamo which is also a starter motor.


wire nut

A hollow cone-shaped device with a conductive interior and an insulating exterior (usually plastic) applied over two (or more) wires (5mm or less) twisted together to make an electrical connection.


dispersometer

We describe a simple experimental method for determining the broadening efficiencies, mᵢ, of nonresonant foreign gas using a microwave dispersometer (differential refractometer).⁹ The measurements are made in two steps.

1969 January 15, Hans J. Liebe, Thomas A. Dillon, “Accurate Foreign‐Gas‐Broadening Parameters of the 22‐GHz H₂O Line from Refraction Spectroscopy”, in The Journal of Chemical Physics, volume 50, number 2, →DOI, page 728:

(physics) A device that measures optical dispersion.


glucansucrase

(biochemistry) Any sucrase that produces a glucan


fructansucrase

(biochemistry) Any sucrase that produces a fructan


franklinic

From Franklin + -ic, as a parallel to voltaic in honor of Benjamin Franklin's research on electricity. Coined by William Whewell in 1840.

(physics, obsolete) Relating to the electricity from a machine, rather than from a redox reaction.


deglycase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that hydrolyses a glycated protein


coil whine

(mechanics, electronics) A high-pitched whining sound caused by vibrations of electrical components in a device.


pantogen

(physics, obsolete) A hypothetical fundamental substance supposed by Gustavus Detlef Hinrichs to form all other substances.


radiotoxin

Airborne plutonium is a radiotoxin.


commutatorless

Among the projects in which the B.T.C. and private firms have a common interest is the development of a satisfactory commutatorless motor; commutation difficulties with rectified d.c. for the motors of the 25 kV. a.c. multiple-unit stock, for example, have led to many experiments with and modifications of the inter-pole magnetic circuit.

1961 February, R. K. Evans, “The role of research on British Railways”, in Trains Illustrated, page 95:

(electrical engineering) Without a commutator.


cytophysics

(biology, physics) The physics of biological cells


penguin diagram

penguin diagram (plural penguin diagrams)

Coined by John Ellis in 1977, based on the shape of the diagram and inspired by a bet made with Melissa Franklin to put the word "penguin" in his next paper.

(physics) A type of unicyclic Feynman diagram in which a quark temporarily changes flavor and engages in an interaction.


ferrofluid dynamics

(physics) The fluid dynamics of ferrofluids


glycogenase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of glycogen


magneto-aerodynamics

(physics) aerodynamics in the presence of a strong magnetic field


dual-frequency

Trials with three experimental dual-frequency mixed-traffic locomotives intended for use on the Saar's 15kV 16⅔-cycle (German) and 25kV 50-cycle (French) lines have proved so successful that the German Federal Railway is contemplating the construction of a fleet of 20 to 25 similar machines.

1961 May, “New European motive power: I - German dual-voltage locomotives”, in Trains Illustrated, page 305:

(electrical engineering) Able to operate on two different electrical frequencies.


PAA

PAA (countable and uncountable, plural PAAs)

polyacrylic acid
polyacrylic acid#English

(organic chemistry) Initialism of polyacrylic acid.


plasmochemistry

(chemistry, physics) chemistry within a plasma (state of matter)


d'Alembertian

Furthermore, we note that #x5C;partial#x5F;#x5C;mu#x5C;partial#x5C;mu#x3D;#x5C;eta#x7B;#x5C;mu#x5C;nu#x7D;#x5C;partial#x5F;#x5C;mu#x5C;partial#x5F;#x5C;nu#x3D;#x3A;Template#x3A;#x5C;partial²#x7D;#x5C;over#x7B;#x5C;partialt²-#x5C;nabla²#x3D;#x5C;square, which is known as the d'Alembertian, is invariant under Lorentz transformations.

2011, Ashok Das, Lectures on Gravitation, Singapore: World Scientific, page 25:


glucosylcerebrosidase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that removes the glucosyl part of a cerebroside


QHD

Abbreviation
* (quad HD): Four (quad) times as many pixels as HD (1280×720).

quantum hadrodynamics
quantum hadrodynamics#English

(physics) Initialism of quantum hadrodynamics.

quantum hydrodynamics
quantum hydrodynamics#English

(physics) Initialism of quantum hydrodynamics.


clusterfullerene

(organic chemistry) A distorted fullerene that is stabilized by an internal cluster of atoms


anomerase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that catalyses the formation of anomers


carboxydase

(biochemistry) Synonym of carboxypeptidase


chemodensity

(physical chemistry) chemical density / concentration


saccharopepsin

(biochemistry) A pepsin present in yeast


aminopropyltransferase

(biochemistry) A transferase that moves aminopropyl groups as part of the biosynthesis of polyamines


carbamylase

(biochemistry) Synonym of carbamoyltransferase; Synonym of transcarbamylase


covolume

(physical chemistry) The part of a volume (typically of a gas) available for the oscillation and translation of the material therein


carbapenamase

(biochemistry) A β-lactamase that hydrolyses carbenicillin


dihydroceramidase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of a dihydroceramide


eigenflux

(physics) Any flux whose magnitude is an eigenvalue


theozyme

(computing, biochemistry) A theoretical enzyme constructed mathematically


pinacoidal

(crystallography) Relating to the pinacoid.


protonics

(physics) An analog of electronics based on the movement of protons


bioprotonics

(biology, physics) biological / biochemical protonics


multiresolutional

(optics) That employs multiple resolutions


hypercyclopean

(optics) Describing the perception of depth by means of a single eye


computational fluid dynamics

computational fluid dynamics (uncountable)

(computing, mechanics) The study of computational algorithms to solve mathematical problems in the field of fluid dynamics.


flortaucipir

positron emission tomography
positron emission tomography

(medicine) A radioactive agent used in positron emission tomography


multisynthetase

(biochemistry) A complex of multiple synthetases


oligomerase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of an oligomer


trimethylase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that catalyses a trimethylation (typically of a histone)


contrahelicase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that counters the action of a helicase


ketothiolase

(biochemistry) A thiolase that (typically) acts on acetoacetate


antirecombinase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses antirecombination


CDW

charge-density wave
charge-density wave#English

(physics) Initialism of charge-density wave.


charge-density wave

charge-density wave (plural charge-density waves)

(physics) A standing wave of electrons confined, typically, within the layers of a crystal


dissolvase

(biochemistry) A helicase associated with chromosome dissolution


lactosylceramidase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that removes lactose from ceramide derivatives (lactocerebrosides)


seminase

(biochemistry) A protease in the seminal fluid of some flies


oxidoreductin

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses an oxidoreduction (typically of disulphide bonds in proteins)


condensed matter physics

The topics that can today be presented only within a distressing cloud of uncertainty are precisely the ones most likely to remain central to the development of condensed matter physics.

2010, Michael P. Marder, Condensed Matter Physics, 2nd edition, John Wiley & Sons, page xix:

Many problems in condensed matter physics can be described in terms of a Hamiltonian that is a sum of two terms, H#x3D;H#x2A;#x2B;H'.

2015, Eduardo Fradkin, Field Theories of Condensed Matter Physics, Cambridge University Press, page 63:

(physics) The field of physics dealing with the physical properties of solid or liquid matter.


lipoamidase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of lipoylated proteins


neoenzyme

(biochemistry) A mutated form of an existing enzyme


oligoadenylase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of an oligoadenylate


neutron emission

neutron emission (countable and uncountable, plural neutron emissions)

(nuclear physics) A nuclear reaction in which one or more neutrons are emitted.

neutroniemissio

A form of radioactive decay, where a nucleus with a severe excess of neutrons, emits a neutron.


dephosphorylase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of a sugar phosphate


hypermethylase

(biochemistry, genetics) An enzyme that catalyses hypermethylation


cocoonase

(biochemistry) A proteolytic enzyme that weakens the fibres of a silkworm cocoon


photoneutral

(biology, physics) Unaffected by the action of light


aldonolactonase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that hydrolyses an aldonolactone


carbenicillinase

(biochemistry) A penicillinase active against carbenicillin


æther wave

electromagnetic wave
electromagnetic wave

(historical, physics) a quantum of light, a photon, an electromagnetic wave -- understood as being a disturbance in the æther, a substance believed to provide the medium for light in vacuum


aether wave

Light comes to us and acts upon our organs of sight as aether waves, but heat requires the aether waves to be converted to vibrations of matter and therefore heat cannot exist apart from matter.

(obsolete, physics) Alternative form of æther wave


dimethylase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that catalyses a dimethylation


glycanhydrolase

(biochemistry) Alternative form of glycanohydrolase


dephosphocoenzyme

(biochemistry) A dephosphorylated coenzyme


hemoperoxidase

(biochemistry) A peroxidase present in blood


thioenzyme

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that acts on a thiol group, typically of an amino acid such as cysteine


x-band

(physics) An ultrahigh radio frequency, one within the range of 8.0 to 12.0 GHz.


rhizopepsin

Rosa chinensis
Rosa chinensis#Translingual

(biochemistry) A proteinase present in Rosa chinensis


photoexcitable

(chemistry, physics) excitable (able to be put into an excited state) by absorption of a photon


mesoscopy

(physics) The visual study of objects on a mesoscopic scale.


QTM

QTM (countable and uncountable, plural QTMs)

quantum Turing machine
quantum Turing machine#English

(computer science, quantum mechanics) Abbreviation of quantum Turing machine.


ovoperoxidase

(biochemistry) Any peroxidase from an egg or oocyte


condensed formula

condensed formula (plural condensed formulae or condensed formulas)

condensed formulae (plural)
condensed formulas (plural)

(physical chemistry) A simplified structural formula that does not show the individual atoms' relative position in space


beta ray

A stream of beta particles (fast-moving electrons propagating through a gas or vacuum), such as emitted by a radioactive substance.


fine structure

(physics) The structure of spectra characterised by the splitting of lines due to relativistic effects


hyperrelativistic

(physics) Very close to the speed of light such that relativistic effects are considerable


mucopolysaccharase

(biochemistry) Synonym of mucopolysaccharidase


timegate

(science fiction) A portal enabling time travel.


Ritzian

en-adj

Ritzian (comparative more Ritzian, superlative most Ritzian)

more Ritzian (comparative)
most Ritzian (superlative)

a Ritzian plot

a Ritzian series


four-current

(physics) The analogy of electric current density in four-dimensional spacetime


thermofluid dynamics

(physics) fluid dynamics affected by the application of heat


thermoosmosis

(physics) osmosis by means of a temperature gradient


breeder reactor

en-noun

breeder reactor (plural breeder reactors)

A nuclear reactor that generates more fissile material than it consumes.


thrombolysin

(biochemistry) A proteolytic enzyme formed from plasminogen


rotary switch

A close-up of the very compact desk unit for control of the East Finchley programme machine from Leicester Square; the rotary switches at the top are used to set up the train number of any service to be added or cancelled.

1961 October, “More programme machines for L.T. Northern line”, in Trains Illustrated, page 625, photo caption:

electrical engineering
electrical engineering

(electrical engineering) A switch that is operated by turning a knob.


fire point

The lowest temperature at which the vapour of a fuel will continue to burn for at least five seconds after ignition by an open flame of standard dimension.

selfontbrandingspunt

the lowest temperature at which the vapour of a fuel will continue to burn


homogeneous width

homogeneous width (plural homogeneous widths)

In this chapter, the experimental studies of the homogenous width of quantum dots are reviewed. Especially, temperature-dependent homogeneous width of confined excitons in quantum dots investigated at very low temperatures by means of accumulated photon echo is discussed.

2013, Yasuaki Masumoto, “Homogeneous Width of Confined Excitons in Quantum Dots -- Experimental”, in Y. Masumoto, T. Takagahara, editors, Semiconductor Quantum Dots, page 326:

(physics) The width of homogeneous lines in the optical spectra produced by some process.


red detuning

(physics) a situation in which the frequency is lower ("redder") than the resonance frequency


blue detuning

(physics) a situation in which the frequency is higher ("bluer") than the resonance frequency


debranchase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that counters branching in nucleic acids


equation of motion

equation of motion (plural equations of motion)

(physics) An equation that describes the behavior of a physical system in terms of its motion as a function of time.


ectoentropic

Outside of or defying thermodynamic entropy.

Not in accordance with the laws of thermodynamics.


nucellin

(biochemistry) an aspartic endopeptidase expressed in nucellar cells during degradation


metatime

metatime (countable and uncountable, plural metatimes)

This second representation is fictitious in the sense that we are allowing agents to be present in a market that opens in meta-time and we are representing the generational structure by restrictions on the trades that agents are able to make.

1999, Roger E. A. Farmer, Macroeconomics of Self-fulfilling Prophecies, →ISBN, page 213f.:

How does the concept of sacred metatime fit into the scientific worldview, which proposes both a Big Bang at the beginning of this universe[…]

2008, James R. Adair, Introducing Christianity, →ISBN, page 38:

Now consider what happens when the Terminators travel back in time to 1994. They travel back to a 1994 that is located at a different metatime, t₂.

2009 May 13, William Irwin, Richard Brown, Kevin S. Decker, Terminator and Philosophy: I'll Be Back, Therefore I Am, →ISBN, page 149:

My Setacia story was, I admit, simplistic—deliberately, riskily so—but its main purpose was to present a valid point about time and meta-time.

2014 July 24, Andrew Steane, Faithful to Science: The Role of Science in Religion, →ISBN, page 148:

A hypothetical supervening temporal frame that changes in the passage of time happen within.


coefficient of restitution

coefficient of restitution (plural coefficients of restitution)

(physics) Ratio of the final to the initial relative velocity between two objects after they collide


deethylase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the removal of an ethyl group from a compound


phosphoglycerokinase

phosphoglycerate kinase
phosphoglycerate kinase


crimping tool

(electricity) A tool used to crimp, to join two pieces of metal.


emf

emf (countable and uncountable, plural emfs)

electromotive force
electromotive force#English

(physics) Alternative letter-case form of EMF ("electromotive force")


self-confinement

self-confinement (countable and uncountable, plural self-confinements)

The higher the injected carrier density, the stronger the self-confinement effect of carriers Silver et al. have predicted that lasing could occur even in type II structures; this has been shown experimentally at low temperature in InAsSb/lnAs multiple quantum well laser structure emitting in the midwavelength infrared region.

2012, Xavier Marie, Naci Balkan, Semiconductor Modeling Techniques, page 183:

In particular, these considerations apply to a class of nonlinear effects which includes self-phase modulation (2), envelope soliton propagation (3), longitudinal self-confinement (4), degene rate four-wave mixing (5)(6) and nonlinear modal noise (7); all of these are third-order self-induced effects, that is the nonlinear polarizability with which they are connected is cubic in the propagating field and vibrates at (approximately) its frequency.

2013, Bruno Crosignani, “Self-Induced Nonlinear Effects in Optical Fibers: A Unified Approach”, in D.B. Ostrowsky, E. Spitz, editors, New Directions in Guided Wave and Coherent Optics, page 23:

The backbone of the DSA is a self-confinement of accelerated particles by scattering off various magnetic perturbations that particles drive by themselves while streaming ahead of the shock.

2014, André Balogh, Andrei Bykov, Peter Cargill, Microphysics of Cosmic Plasmas, page 148:

Self-confinement and electrode engineering can then reduce the expected programming current increase.

2022, Andrea Redaelli, Fabio Pellizzer, Semiconductor Memories and Systems, page 254:

(physics) A restriction in the movement of particles due to their internal properties (such as charge).


chlorogenase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that hydrolyses chlorogenic acid


methylthiotransferase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the transfer of a methylthio group


ecotin

(biochemistry) Any of a group of protease inhibitors present in Gram-negative bacteria


strippase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that, along with helicase, is involved in DNA unwinding.


radius of gyration

radius of gyration (plural radii of gyration)

Since the radius of gyration depends on the manner in which the mass is arranged round the axis, it follows that for different axes in the same body there will be different radii of gyration.

1852, [1831], Henry Kater, Dionysius Lardner, A Treatise on Mechanics, page 137:

The radii of gyration parallel and perpendicular to the director are obtained from macroscopically aligned samples by using a two-dimensional detection method.

1989, Christine Boeffel, Hans Wolfgang Spiess, “8: NMR methods for studying molecular order and motion in liquid crystalline side group polymers”, in C. B. McArdle, editor, Side Chain Liquid Crystal Polymers, Blackie and Son, page 251:

As it^([sic]) was already mentioned earlier, the radius of gyration represents the size of a scattering object. The average radius of gyration involves the ratio of the eighth power of the radius of gyration of the individual particles R#x5F;i, to the sixth power of R#x5F;i; this means that with the broad pore size distribution of the cement paste, the average is dominated by the large pores and the small pores have virtually no impact upon the radius of gyration.

2006, Kalliopi K. Aligizaki, Pore Structure of Cement-Based Materials, Taylor & Francis, page 270:

(physics, engineering) Given a body B, the distance from a given axis of rotation at which a point mass of the same mass as B would have the same moment of inertia about said axis.

Streumassenradius

distance from a given axis at which a point mass of the same mass as a given body would have the same moment of inertia


ground wire

(electricity) A wire that connects a circuit to ground.


Voc

(electronics, physics) Alternative form of VOC; from V_(OC); Initialism of open-circuit voltage.


aggregase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the aggregation of protein


Stefan-Boltzmann law

Named after Josef Stefan and Ludwig Boltzmann.

directly proportional
directly proportional

(physics) A law stating that the total energy radiated per unit surface area of a black body across all wavelengths per unit time is directly proportional to the fourth power of the black body's thermodynamic temperature.

Josef Stefan
Ludwig Boltzmann
Stefan-Boltzmann law


Stefan-Boltzmann constant

the Stefan-Boltzmann constant (canonical)

Stefan-Boltzmann law
Stefan-Boltzmann law

(physics) The constant of proportionality involved in the Stefan-Boltzmann law.


Young-Laplace equation

Named after Thomas Young, who developed the qualitative theory of surface tension in 1805, and Pierre-Simon Laplace, who completed the mathematical description in the following year.

partial differential equation
partial differential equation

(physics) A nonlinear partial differential equation that describes the capillary pressure difference sustained across the interface between two static fluids, such as water and air, due to the phenomenon of surface tension or wall tension.


NSWR

(Australia, rail transport) Abbreviation of New South Wales Government Railways.


geometrothermodynamic

(physics) Relating to geometrothermodynamics


gluinoball

(physics) A theoretical particle composed entirely of gluinos


supercovariant

(mathematics, physics) Covariant in terms of supersymmetry.


preplasma

preplasma (countable and uncountable, plural preplasmas)

(physics) A short-lived precursor of a plasma formed by the interaction of a laser with a metal foil


superprojector

(mathematics, physics) A superspace projection operator


acetaldehydase

acetaldehydase (countable and uncountable, plural acetaldehydases)

(biochemistry) An enzyme that catalyses the oxidation of acetaldehyde to acetic acid


acoustomagnetic

(physics) Describing a magnetic wave that resembles a sound wave


triosephosphateisomerase

From triosephosphate + isomerase, equivalent to triose + phosphate + isomer + -ase.

(biochemistry) An enzyme that catalyzes the reversible interconversion of the triosephosphate isomers dihydroxyacetone phosphate and D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate.


atomistics

(physics) The study of atoms and their motion.


dielectric constant

dielectric constant (plural dielectric constants)

(physics) A measure of the permittivity of a material relative to that of a vacuum.


xylanesterase

(biochemistry) An esterase that catalyses the hydrolysis of xylans


sMMO

methane monooxygenase
methane monooxygenase

(biochemistry) soluble methane monooxygenase


light sector

Blend of light + dark sector. From not being part of the dark sector.

(astrophysics, cosmology, astronomy, physics) The known universe; the part of the universe that is not part of the dark sector; the segment of the universe that is explained by the known laws of physics, and whose components (particles) are predicted by it. The portion of the universe that is not dark matter nor dark energy.

The fraction of the universe that interacts with electromagnetism (ie. light).


acute radiation syndrome

acute radiation syndrome (usually uncountable, plural acute radiation syndromes)

(pathology) An acute illness caused by irradiation of the entire body by a high dose of penetrating radiation in a very short period of time.


λmax

λmax (usually uncountable, plural λmaxes)

From λ, a common symbol for wavelength, and max, short for maximum.

(physics) The wavelength at the maximum point in the spectrum.


clinohedral

(crystallography) That has a plane of symmetry but not an axis of symmetry


isomeroreductase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that combines the activity of an isomerase and a reductase


Landau-Lifshitz pseudotensor

the Landau-Lifshitz pseudotensor (canonical)

Named after Lev Landau and Evgeny Lifshitz.

(physics) A stress–energy–momentum pseudotensor for combined matter (including photons and neutrinos) plus gravity, allowing the energy–momentum conservation laws to be extended into general relativity.


rotoinversion

rotoinversion (countable and uncountable, plural rotoinversions)

Coordinate term: rotoreflection

(mathematics, crystallography) The combination of a rotation and an inversion in a point on the axis.


Kyropoulos method

Named after Spyro Kyropoulos, who proposed the technique in 1926.

Coordinate term: Czochralski process

A method of bulk crystal growth, involving a seed crystal dipped into molten alumina and slowly pulled and rotated to form a single large crystal.


Morison equation

Morison equation (plural Morison equations)

Named after J. R. Morison, one of the authors of a related paper in 1950.

(fluid dynamics) A semiempirical equation for the in-line force on a body in oscillatory flow, used to estimate the wave loads in the design of oil platforms and other offshore structures.


ribonucleosidase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that removes the ribose moiety from a ribonucleoside


codehydrogenase

(biochemistry) Any dehydrogenase coenzyme


MEGA

(orbital dynamics, space flight, astronautics) Abbreviation of Moon-Earth gravity assist.

orbital dynamics; space flight; orbital dynamics; space flight

(orbital dynamics, space flight, astronautics) Abbreviation of Mars-Earth gravity assist.


Arago spot

Named after Dominique-François-Jean Arago, who performed an experiment demonstrating the spot's existence.

The Arago spot played an important role in the discovery of the wave nature of light and is a common way to demonstrate that light behaves as a wave.

(optics) A bright point that appears at the centre of a circular object's shadow due to Fresnel diffraction.


Fresnel number

Named after the physicist Augustin-Jean Fresnel.

dimensionless quantity
dimensionless quantity

(optics) A dimensionless quantity (denoted F), such that for an electromagnetic wave passing through an aperture and hitting a screen, F=(a²)/(Lλ) where a is the characteristic size (e.g. radius) of the aperture, L is the distance of the screen from the aperture, and λ is the incident wavelength.


carboxyhydrolase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that hydrolyses a carboxylic derivative


demethyltransferase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that removes or transfers a methyl group, typically in histones


slightly enriched uranium

slightly-enriched uranium
slightly-enriched uranium#English

Alternative form of slightly-enriched uranium


slightly-enriched uranium

highly-enriched uranium
highly-enriched uranium

low-enriched uranium
low-enriched uranium

(nuclear physics) Enriched uranium with 0.9-2% uranium-235, requiring a special moderator with very low neutron absorption (such as heavy water or high-purity graphite) in order to be able to sustain a nuclear fission chain reaction. Used to increase power output and efficiency in a few types of nuclear reactors capable of running on natural uranium, and for downblending of highly-enriched uranium from decommissioned nuclear weapons into low-enriched uranium suitable for use in commercial power reactors.


highly-enriched uranium

(nuclear physics, military) Enriched uranium containing at least 20% uranium-235 (some applications, such as fission weapons and naval reactors, use uranium enriched to as high as 80-95% uranium-235), and therefore capable of sustaining a nuclear fission chain reaction without needing a moderator; used in nuclear weapons and in a few types of nuclear reactors requiring very high power density or high neutron flux.


fast reactor

(nuclear physics, engineering) A nuclear reactor with no moderator, using fast neutrons directly in a controlled fission chain reaction without slowing them down, allowing for a much more compact reactor which uses fissile material much more efficiently and generates larger quantities of high-energy neutrons which can be used for breeding more fissile material or producing other useful radioactive nuclides, but requiring the use of highly-enriched uranium (at least 20% uranium-235) or other fuel containing a similarly high concentration of fissile material.


downblend

en-verb

downblend (third-person singular simple present downblends, present participle downblending, simple past and past participle downblended)

downblends (present singular third-person)
downblending (participle present)
downblended (participle past)
downblended (past)

The facility has the capacity to downblend 5 tonnes of bomb-grade uranium per year.

slightly-enriched uranium
slightly-enriched uranium

(usually transitive, nuclear physics) To blend highly-enriched uranium, typically from decommissioned nuclear weapons, with uranium containing a low concentration of fissile uranium-235 (slightly-enriched uranium, natural uranium, or depleted uranium) in order to convert it to low-enriched uranium suitable for use as fuel in standard power reactors but not usable for a fission bomb.


lithocapture

en-noun

lithocapture (countable and uncountable, plural lithocaptures)

/ˈlɪ.θoʊˌkæp.t͡ʃɚ/

/ˈlɪ.θəˌkæp.t͡ʃɚ/

/ˈlɪ.θoʊ.kæpˌt͡ʃɚ/

/ˈlɪ.θə.kæpˌt͡ʃɚ/

/ˈlɪ.θoʊˌkæp.t͡ʃə/

From litho- (“pertaining to stone”) + capture, coined as a pun on aerocapture and lithobraking.

prefix

If the initial orbit is hyperbolic, lithobraking would properly be termed lithocapture.

2020, Jonathan C. McDowell, “Astronautical Glossary”, in Jonathan's Space Report, retrieved 2021-02-21:

(astronautics, humorous) A form of lithobraking in which a spacecraft or other object on a hyperbolic trajectory inbound to a planet, moon, asteroid, or other celestial body is decelerated by impact with the surface of the body.


lithocapture

en-verb

lithocapture (third-person singular simple present lithocaptures, present participle lithocapturing, simple past and past participle lithocaptured)

lithocaptures (present singular third-person)
lithocapturing (participle present)
lithocaptured (participle past)
lithocaptured (past)

/ˈlɪ.θoʊˌkæp.t͡ʃɚ/

/ˈlɪ.θəˌkæp.t͡ʃɚ/

/ˈlɪ.θoʊ.kæpˌt͡ʃɚ/

/ˈlɪ.θə.kæpˌt͡ʃɚ/

/ˈlɪ.θoʊˌkæp.t͡ʃə/

(astronautics, humorous) To perform lithocapture.


halidohydrolase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that hydrolyzes haloacids


organoflerovium

Describing any organic derivative of flerovium, especially one that has a carbon-flerovium bond


Borromean nucleus

en-noun

Borromean nucleus (plural Borromean nuclei)

(physics) An atomic nucleus comprising three bound components in which any subsystem of two components is unbound.


sinapoyltransferase

(biochemistry) A transferase that transfers a sinapoyl group


postacceleration

postacceleration (countable and uncountable, plural postaccelerations)

(physics) acceleration of an electron following deflection by a magnetic field


sporangin

(biochemistry) An enzyme associated with the development and release of sporangia


Debye length

(physics) In plasmas and electrolytes, a measure of a charge carrier's net electrostatic effect in a solution and how far that effect persists.


delayed critical

(nuclear physics) Of the point at which the prompt neutrons and delayed neutrons produced by a nuclear fission chain reaction, taken together, are just sufficient to sustain the chain reaction, where changes in reaction power occur slowly.


delayed neutron

delayed neutron (plural delayed neutrons)

(nuclear physics) A neutron produced as a result of nuclear fission which is emitted upon the radioactive decay of a fission product nucleus seconds to minutes later, rather than at the time of the initial fission event. Less than 2% of fission neutrons are delayed neutrons (the exact proportion depends on the nuclide being fissioned).


prompt neutron

(nuclear physics) A neutron produced immediately by the fission of an atomic nucleus, instead of being emitted by decaying fission products seconds to minutes later; over 99% of all fission neutrons are prompt neutrons (the exact proportion depends on the nuclide undergoing fission).


prompt critical

The number of fissions in the two prompt critical excursions was estimated from (1) the doses received by the operator and shift supervisor and (2) the measured exposure rate from fission product gamma–rays (1.5 mR/s at 3 m from the vessel, 1 hour after the last excursion).

2000, Thomas P. McLaughlin with Shean P. Monahan, Norman L. Pruvost, Vladimir V. Frolov, Boris G. Ryazanov, and Victor I. Sviridov, “I. A. 17. Mayak Production Association, 10 December 1968”, in A Review of Criticality Accidents: 2000 Revision, Los Alamos National Laboratory, archived from the original on 2021-02-24, page 42:

(nuclear physics) Of the point where the prompt neutrons produced by a nuclear fission chain reaction are just sufficient to sustain the chain reaction on their own, past which changes in reaction power occur on a timeframe of milliseconds, too rapidly for a human operator to control.


prompt criticality

prompt criticality (usually uncountable, plural prompt criticalities)

The system is thought to have approached prompt criticality, at which time the rate of power increase would have been determined by the neutron lifetime (on the order of milliseconds).

2000, Thomas P. McLaughlin with Shean P. Monahan, Norman L. Pruvost, Vladimir V. Frolov, Boris G. Ryazanov, and Victor I. Sviridov, “I. A. 19. Idaho Chemical Processing Plant, 17 October 1978”, in A Review of Criticality Accidents: 2000 Revision, Los Alamos National Laboratory, archived from the original on 2022-03-25, page 46:

(nuclear physics) The point at which the prompt neutrons produced by a nuclear fission chain reaction are just sufficient to sustain the chain reaction on their own (the state of being prompt critical); past this point, changes in reaction power are controlled by changes in the prompt neutron flux, and occur on a timeframe of milliseconds, too rapidly to be controlled by mechanical means.


delayed criticality

delayed criticality (usually uncountable, plural delayed criticalities)

Although nearly all neutrons produced by fission are emitted as soon as the atom splits (within 10^-14 sec or so), a very small proportion of neutrons (0.65% for U-235, 0.25% for Pu-239) are emitted by fission fragments with delays of up to a few minutes. In delayed criticality these neutrons are required to maintain the chain reaction. These long delays mean that power level changes can only occur slowly. All nuclear reactors operate in a state of delayed criticality.

2019 March 13, Carey Sublette, “4.1 Elements of Fission Weapon Design”, in Nuclear Weapon Archive, archived from the original on 2021-03-03, 4.1.4 History of a Fission Explosion:

(nuclear physics) The point at which the prompt neutrons and delayed neutrons produced by a nuclear fission chain reaction, taken together, are just sufficient to sustain the chain reaction (the state of being delayed critical); in this state, changes in reaction power occur slowly, allowing the reaction to be controlled on human timescales, due to the relatively long time delay associated with the emission of the delayed neutrons necessary to maintain the chain reaction.


gravity drag

For GTO missions, the launch vehicle follows a significantly shallower flightpath than for LEO missions, considerably reducing gravity drag at the expense of a significantly increased thermal loading and somewhat greater structural loads and aerodynamic drag.

(astronautics) The resistance felt by a vehicle ascending against the force of gravity; reduction in delta-v experienced as a result of the partial cancellation by gravity of the vertical component of the thrust applied by a vehicle's engine(s).


regenerative braking

Dead-man's handle, automatic train stop, quick-acting compressed-air brake specially suited for high-speed working, and regenerative braking are among the features of the new locomotives.

1947 March and April, “Swiss High-Speed Electric Locomotives”, in Railway Magazine, page 94:

Regenerative braking, whereby the car's kinetic energy is fed back to the supply line, has recently been introduced on the Kei-Han-Shin Kyuko Railway's commuter services feeding Osaka, instead of resistor braking, and on 52 lightweight cars built in 1960 and 1961 advantage has been taken of this feature to install constant speed controls.

1962 December, “Constant-speed electric multiple-units in Japan”, in Modern Railways, page 404:

Regenerative braking is retained. Like rheostatic braking, this uses the traction motors to provide a braking effort, but the current developed is fed back into the overhead catenary rather than dissipated through resistance banks.

2023 July 26, David Clough, “Technology progression defines Class 93”, in RAIL, number 988, page 54:

(rail transport, automotive, electrical engineering) A form of braking used on some electric vehicles in conjunction with the main braking system, where kinetic energy from braking is converted into electricity and fed back into the power supply by using the traction motors as generators.


bacteriocuprein

(biochemistry) A bacterial form of erythrocuprein that contains two atoms of zinc


polyribonucleotidyltransferase

(biochemistry) A transferase that transfers polyribonucleotidyl groups.


plasmise

en-verb

plasmise (third-person singular simple present plasmises, present participle plasmising, simple past and past participle plasmised)

plasmises (present singular third-person)
plasmising (participle present)
plasmised (participle past)
plasmised (past)

The intense gamma and X-rays from the fission reaction start to plasmise the air of the developing fireball.

(transitive, physics) To turn (an object or material) into plasma (the state of matter).


misfigure

misfigure (third-person singular simple present misfigures, present participle misfiguring, simple past and past participle misfigured)

misfigures (present singular third-person)
misfiguring (participle present)
misfigured (participle past)
misfigured (past)

/ˈmɪsˌfɪɡə(ɹ)/

/ˈmɪsˌfɪɡjʊə(ɹ)/

If the flat rim of the center axicon is misfigured in such a way that its best fit plane is not perpendicular to the axis of symmetry of the center axicon ( defined in a least squares sense ) this deviation will […]

1980, Richard N. Shagam, William C. Sweatt, Optical Alignment: Proceedings : July 29-31, 1980, page 111:

Should the element be misfigured, then these aberrations would be combined with the actual misfigure.

1983 August 23, Gregory C . Dente, “Separating misalignment from misfigure in interferograms on off - axis aspheres”, in Precision Surface Metrology, page 188:

Both provide corrective optics which essentially cancel the wavefront error introduced by the misfigured primary mirror.

2012, Willem Wamsteker, Malcolm S. Longair, Y. Kondo, Frontiers Of Space And Ground-Based Astronomy, page 93:

(optics) To err in the manufacture of an optical surface so that it causes distortions.


misfigure

/ˈmɪsˌfɪɡə(ɹ)/

/ˈmɪsˌfɪɡjʊə(ɹ)/

1983 August 23, Gregory C. Dente, “Separating misalignment from misfigure in interferograms on off - axis aspheres”, in Precision Surface Metrology, page 188:

Compensation for optical surface misfigure was provided by a phase conjugating mirror to construct a phase conjugated transmitter subsystem.

1989, Bernard David Seery, Optomechanical Design of Laser Transmitters and Receivers, page 255:

In most systems, the optical misfigure can be at least partially corrected by focussing at one wavelength.

1990, Russell A. Chipman, Polarization Considerations for Optical Systems II, page 320:

For primitive it may seem, this test is exquisitely sensitive to surface misfigure, and will immediately reveal errors that may escape the most modern metrology.

2006, Renaud Foy, Françoise Claude Foy, Optics in Astrophysics, page 30:

(optics) The misfigured portion of an optical surface, or the presence of such a portion.


radiumtherapy

(medicine, dated) The therapeutic use of radium.


monodeiodinase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that removes a single iodine atom from thyroxine


antigravitate

antigravitate (third-person singular simple present antigravitates, present participle antigravitating, simple past and past participle antigravitated)

antigravitates (present singular third-person)
antigravitating (participle present)
antigravitated (participle past)
antigravitated (past)

(physics, intransitive) To exert negative gravity.


libration point

en-noun

libration point (plural libration points)

(astrophysics) Synonym of Lagrange point


field stop

(optics) The aperture that limits the field of view of a lens.


orthostereoscopy

(optics) The production of a three-dimensional image free from distortion


orthostereoscopic

(optics) That produces a three-dimensional image free from distortion


optomagnetic

(physics) optical and magnetic; related to optomagnetism


pseudoaxis

(crystallography) A pseudosymmetric axis


pseudoracemic

(chemistry) Containing a mixture of nonracemic crystals


quiteron

(physics) A type of superconducting transistor.


Aldrin cycler

From Aldrin + cycler. After Buzz Aldrin, who developed the concept and its mathematical basis. From being a cycler, a space vehicle which cycles between intercepts of two celestial bodies in their own orbits, with little or no orbital adjustments needed, on as close to pure ballistics as practicable.

(astronautics) A spacecraft which cycles between Earth and Mars, in its own orbit which intercepts both their orbits at times when the planets are at those points in their orbits; which allows transport from Earth to Mars, or vice versa.


fractance

(physics) fractional-order impedance (that has a constant phase angle)


meminductance

(physics) Electrical inductance that varies according to the history of electric charge that has flowed through a device


trihexosidase

Any enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of a trihexoside, and often, more specifically, alpha-galactosidase (ceramide trihexosidase), a deficiency of which allows globotriaosylceramide (ceramide trihexoside) to accumulate in the tissues of people with Fabry disease.


superdeformable

(physics) That undergoes superdeformation


maltosyltransferase

(biochemistry) A transferase that catalyses the transfer of maltosyl residues


diastereomixture

(physical chemistry) a mixture of diastereoisomers


Schwinger effect

After physicist Julian Schwinger, who was the first to give a full theoretical description of the effect (in 1951).

(physics) The predicted spontaneous creation of particle-antiparticle pairs in the presence of an extremely strong electric field.


g value

(particle physics) A dimensionless magnetic moment of an atom, nucleus, or sub-atomic particle.


g-factor

dimensionless magnetic moment
dimensionless magnetic moment

(particle physics) The dimensionless magnetic moment


cardiolipase

(biochemistry) A lipase that acts on cardiolipin


cellosyl

(biochemistry) A muramidase produced by the bacterium Streptomyces coelicolor


vortex shedding

von Kármán vortex street
von Kármán vortex street

(fluid dynamics) An oscillating flow that occurs when a fluid flows past a bluff body at certain velocities. Vortices are created at the back of the body and detach periodically from either side of it, forming a von Kármán vortex street.


wire stripper

A small, hand-held device used to strip the electrical insulation from electric wires.

клещи заголвачки

small device to strip the insulation from electric wires


Copenhagenism

(physics) Belief in the Copenhagen interpretation.


outscatter

(physics) A scattering of particles outward.


outscatter

en-verb

outscatter (third-person singular simple present outscatters, present participle outscattering, simple past and past participle outscattered)

outscatters (present singular third-person)
outscattering (participle present)
outscattered (participle past)
outscattered (past)


pseudochannel

For such potentials the imaginary part of the potential causes a loss of flux from the incident channel and plays a comparable role to the pseudochannel of the MEP.

1981, Devarajan Thirumalai, Effective Potential Studies of Electron-atom and Electron-molecule Collisions, page 32:

In the first run, we assume unit incident flux in the pseudochannel ф₁, while in the second unit incident flux is assumed in ф₂.

1991, Mangalam A. Nagarajan, Heavy Ion Collisions at Energies Near the Coulomb Barrier, page 214:

Thus it is not necessary to use complex potentials to mimic the loss of flux from the first electronic channel. Since the pseudochannel is supposed to mimic the total effect of all excited electronic states, the flux associated with it should be compared to the whole electronically inelastic cross section.

2013, Peter Politzer, Donald G. Truhlar, Chemical Applications of Atomic and Molecular Electrostatic Potentials, page 153:

(physics) A virtual channel included in the mathematical model of electron collisions to account for excluded states when using the Matrix Effective Potential (MEP) method.


discommensuration

(physics) The condition of being discommensurate


aikyon

(physics) An elementary particle in octonionic space


hyperproperty

(logic, physics) A generalisation of a property (or sets of properties)


supercollision

(physics) The simultaneous collision of three (or more) particles


polyenergetic

(physics) Composed of photons or other particles that have a range of energies


mostly plus

... two possible choices for the spacetime metric (either the mostly minus metric used in these lectures or the mostly plus metric), ...

2018, Essig Rouven, Low Ian, Anticipating the Next Discoveries in Particle Physics: TASI 2016Proceedings of 2016 Theoretical Advanced Study Institute in Elementary Particle Physics, World Scientific, →ISBN, page 356:

I allow myself to be inconsistent in using the “mostly plus” metric in some contexts, but tried to emphasize this deviation properly.

2014, Kurt Sundermeyer, Symmetries in Fundamental Physics, Springer, →ISBN, page 77:

We use the mostly plus convention wherein at any space time point a locally inertial frame can be found in which g#x5F;#x7B;MN#x7D;#x3D;#x5C;eta#x5F;#x7B;MN#x7D;#x5C;equiv(-1,#x2B;1,#x5C;dots,#x2B;1).

2006, Dmitri Kazakov, G. Smadja, Particle Physics and Cosmology: The Interface: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on Particle Physics and Cosmology: The Interface Cargèse, France, 4-16 August 2003, Springer Science & Business Media, →ISBN, page 465:

We use a “mostly plus” metric and the conventions that indices m, n = 0 , 1 , 2 , . . . , 9 run over all of ten - dimensional space - time, M , v = 0 , 1 , 2 , 3 run over the 3 - brane world volume ...

2000, The Journal of High Energy Physics: JHEP.. Paper archive:

(physics) in general relativity, describing the convention in which the metric tensor has a signature of (-,+,+,+).


monoglucosyltransferase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a single glucosyl group


Dean drive

After the inventor, Norman Lorimer Dean (1902–1972).


Michelson-Morley experiment

the Michelson-Morley experiment (canonical)

Named after American physicists Albert A. Michelson and Edward W. Morley, who performed the experiment.

(physics, historical) An attempt in 1887 to detect the existence of the luminiferous aether by comparing the speed of light in perpendicular directions.


Biefeld-Brown effect

Named by inventor Thomas Townsend Brown after himself and astronomy professor Paul Alfred Biefeld, his former teacher and possibly co-experimenter.

An electrical phenomenon that produces an ionic wind that transfers its momentum to surrounding neutral particles, observed on an asymmetric capacitor when high voltage is applied to the electrodes.


carbon detonation

en-noun

carbon detonation (countable and uncountable, plural carbon detonations)

(astronomy, nuclear physics) The explosive ignition of thermonuclear fusion within a carbon-oxygen white dwarf star that occurs when its mass exceeds approximately 1.4 times that of the Sun (due to accretion of material or merger with another star), producing a supernova which completely destroys the star.


reactionless drive

reactionless drive (plural reactionless drives)

A hypothetical device producing motion without the exhaust of a propellant.


Bethe formula

Named after Hans Bethe, who found the non-relativistic version in 1930.

(physics) A formula describing the mean energy loss per distance travelled of swift charged particles traversing matter (or alternatively the stopping power of the material).


Rydberg state

(physics) Any of those electronically excited states of an atom or molecule with energies that follow the Rydberg formula as they converge on an ionic state with an ionization energy.


Rydberg-Ritz combination principle

the Rydberg-Ritz combination principle (canonical)

Ritz's combination principle
Ritz's combination principle#English

(physics) Synonym of Ritz's combination principle


double E

From having two Es in the initialism, thus doubled up.

electrical engineer
electrical engineer#English

(electrical engineering) Abbreviation of electrical engineer.

Alternative form of EE
Abbreviation of electrical engineer.

electrical engineering
electrical engineering#English

(electrical engineering) Abbreviation of electrical engineering.

Alternative form of EE
Abbreviation of electrical engineering.

(electrical engineering) Abbreviation of degree (diploma) in electrical engineering.


depletalloy

(nuclear physics, historical) Depleted uranium.


Darcian

(physics, of a fluid) That conforms to Darcy's law


hyperfractionation

International scientific vocabulary, from hyper- + fractionation = hyper- + fraction + -ation.

Treatment with several doses per day offers the prospect of a significant therapeutic gain using readily available low LET beams. These regimens can be classified as either accelerated fractionation or hyperfractionation according to their rationales. With accelerated fractionation a conventional number of dose fractions is delivered in a significantly shortened overall treatment time in order to reduce the opportunity for tumor cell regeneration during treatment. With hyperfractionation, on the other hand, a large number of significantly reduced dose fractions is used to give a greater total dose in a conventional overall treatment time.

1983, H.D. Thames Jr, L.J. Peters, H.R. Withers, G.H. Fletcher, “Accelerated fractionation vs hyperfractionation: rationales for several treatments per day”, in International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics, volume 9, number 2, →DOI, →PMID, pages 127–138:

(radiotherapy) An especially highly divided form of fractionation: the division of a total dose of radiation into many small fractions.


microwave resonant cavity thruster

microwave resonant cavity thruster (plural microwave resonant cavity thrusters)

microwave resonant cavity thrusters (plural)

(physics, dynamics) A theoretical type of drive that does not conform to Newton's Laws of Motion, violating the conservation of momentum, using a resonant cavity where microwaves are beamed.


ragdoll physics

(computer graphics, video games) Physics based around ragdolls (models consisting of a set of connected rigid bodies that can collapse in a loose, natural manner).


Nernst effect

After Walther Hermann Nernst (1864-1941), German chemist.

(physics, chemistry) A thermoelectric (or thermomagnetic) phenomenon observed when a sample allowing electrical conduction is subjected to a magnetic field and a temperature gradient normal (perpendicular) to each other. An electric field will be induced normal to both.


multirotation

multirotation (countable and uncountable, plural multirotations)

(dated, organic chemistry, physical chemistry, biochemistry) mutarotation


neuristor

Milo? Have you found that little red wire leading into the neuristor bank?

1969 April 12, Robert Holmes, The Space Pirates episode 6, spoken by the Second Doctor:

(physics) An electric transmission line along which a signal will travel without attenuation


Planck relic

(physics, cosmology, astronomy, astrophysics, quantum mechanics, relativity theory) A black hole with an event horizon on the order of a Planck length (~ 10⁻³⁵ metres), and a mass on the order of a Planck mass (~ 20 micrograms).

quantum mechanics; relativity theory; quantum mechanics; relativity theory


megaplastic

megaplastic (countable and uncountable, plural megaplastics)

Particles or pieces of waste plastic above 50 cm (19.69 in) in size, a common marine pollutant.


hydrion

(dated, chemistry, physics) proton (positive hydrogen ion)


electrogasdynamics

(dated, physics) The transport of ions in a gas


saucercraft

A hypothetical flying vehicle with a disc-like shape; flying saucer.


electronograph

(physics) A device used to produce an electron diffraction pattern; the pattern so produced


Gaussian beam

electromagnetic radiation
electromagnetic radiation

(optics) A beam of electromagnetic radiation with high monochromaticity whose amplitude envelope in the transverse plane is given by a Gaussian function.


raypath

(physics) The path traced by a ray of light or other electromagnetic radiation


xenopolymerase

(biochemistry) A DNA polymerase that originated in a different organism.


HALEU

HALEU (countable and uncountable, plural HALEUs)

low-enriched uranium
low-enriched uranium#English

Abbreviation of high-assay low-enriched uranium.; enriched uranium of 5%-20% enrichment


time switch

A time switch with astronomical adjustment switches the warning signs on at sunset.

1939 November, “Pertinent Paragraphs: Traffic Lights at Crossings on Manx Electric Railway”, in Railway Magazine, page 361:

(electrical engineering) A switch activated automatically at a preset time.


Old Sparky

[…]and I think that, for most of those men, the truth of what was happening to them finally hit all the way home when their ankles were being clamped to the stout oak of “Old Sparky’s” legs.

1996, Stephen King, The Green Mile, page 3:

(US, slang) Nickname for an electric chair used for executions.


molar heat capacity

molar heat capacity (plural molar heat capacities)

(thermodynamics) The heat capacity of a given substance divided by its amount, measured in moles.

摩爾熱容

heat capacity of one mole of the substance


perpetual motion machine of the second kind (plural perpetual motion machines of the second kind)

perpetual motion machine
perpetual motion machine

(physics, pseudoscience) A perpetual motion machine that spontaneously converts thermal energy into mechanical work.

perpetual motion machine of the first kind


perpetual motion machine of the first kind (plural perpetual motion machines of the first kind)

(physics, pseudoscience) A perpetual motion machine that produces work without the input of energy.


Dyson-Harrop satellite

Dyson-Harrop satellite (plural Dyson-Harrop satellites)

From Dyson + Harrop + satellite. Coined by Brooks Harrop in 2010. From Freeman Dyson, who proposed the Dyson sphere; and Brooks Harrop, who proposed this power satellite design as the basis of the elements of the Dyson swarm.

A type of power satellite that derives energy from stellar wind through betavoltaics, by capturing free electrons (beta particles) in the wind; instead of through sunlight and photovolatics.

en:Dyson-Harrop satellite
en:Freeman Dyson


interspin

(physics, electron spin resonance) Between spins (of related electrons))


semivacancy

The semivacancies are separated by a variable number of Ge adatoms in metastable T₄ positions and can diffuse or eventually merge back into a single vacancy.

2008, Edmund G. Seebauer, Meredith C. Kratzer, Charged Semiconductor Defects: Structure, Thermodynamics and Diffusion, page 219:

In the undistorted configurations both a divacancy and a semivacancy pair belong to the symmetry point group D3d .

2012, D. Shaw, Atomic Diffusion in Semiconductors, page 234:

(physics) A vacancy defect in which two adjacent lattice sites are unoccupied and an atom occupies the interstitial site between the two vacant sites.


Dirac sea

First postulated in 1930 by the British physicist Paul Dirac.

(physics) A theoretical model of the vacuum as an infinite sea of particles with negative energy.


aeruginolysin

Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pseudomonas aeruginosa#Translingual

(biochemistry) A proteinase formed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa


Schottky defect

Schottky defect (plural Schottky defects)

(crystallography) A type of point defect in a crystal lattice in which a set of points in the lattice (anion and cation sites) are vacant in such a way that the overall charge of the solid is neutral.


Frenkel defect

Named after its discoverer, Yakov Frenkel.

(crystallography) A type of point defect in crystalline solids, occurring when an atom or smaller ion (usually cation) leaves its place in the lattice, creating a vacancy, and becomes an interstitial by lodging in a nearby location.


clinopinacoidal

(crystallography) Relating to the clinopinacoid.


colloidochemical

(physical chemistry) Relating to colloidal chemistry.


floatovoltaics

(physics) The technology of photovoltaic cells that float in a water environment.

điện mặt trời nổi

the technology of photovoltaic cells that float in a water environment


sebelipase

(biochemistry) A recombinant form of lipase


archease

(biochemistry) Any of a group of enzymes, involved in nucleic acid metabolism, found in almost all living organisms


triazatriangulenium

(organic chemistry) A carbenium ion derived from triangulenium by replacing three >CH₂ groups by >N-R


diachysis

diachysis (countable and uncountable, plural diachyses)

From Ancient Greek διάχυσις (diákhusis, “diffusion”), from διαχέω (diakhéō).

der

(physical chemistry) A method of separating molecules or particles of different sizes by differential diffusion through a semipermeable membrane.


semitrypsin

(biochemistry) A form of trypsin that cleaves peptide bonds only at one end of a protein


QRAM

random access memory
random access memory#English

(quantum computing) Initialism of quantum random access memory.


triqubit

The Deutsch gate is then indeed universal within the triqubit world.

2008, Zdzislaw Meglicki, Quantum Computing Without Magic: Devices, MIT Press, →ISBN, page 320:

(quantum computing) Involving three qubits.


statevector

(quantum mechanics) An abstract vector describing probability amplitudes for possible quantum states.


quantum processing unit

en-noun

quantum processing unit (plural quantum processing units)

(quantum computing) A computational unit that uses quantum computing principles to perform a task.


quantum register

quantum register (plural quantum registers)

(quantum computing) A collection of qubits on which quantum gates act.


quantum logic gate

quantum logic gate (plural quantum logic gates)

So far, experimenters have managed to make single quantum logic gates. Factoring a 300-digit number would require stringing together thousands of gates, and even quantum computing's most enthusiastic supporters admit that such a goal is exceedingly daunting.

1997 February 18, George Johnson, “Quantum Theorists Trying to Surpass Digital Computing”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

(quantum computing) Synonym of quantum gate


quantum gate

(quantum computing) A basic quantum circuit operating on a small number of qubits.


QCU

(quantum computing) Initialism of quantum control unit.


QPU

We find that the performance of both approaches is likely to depend on the quantum interconnect that serves to entangle multiple QPUs.

2017 March 17, Keith A. Britt, Travis S. Humble, “High-Performance Computing with Quantum Processing Units”, in ACM Journal on Emerging Technologies in Computing Systems, volume 13, number 3, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 39:1–39:13:

quantum processing unit
quantum processing unit#English

(quantum computing) Initialism of quantum processing unit.


Deutsch gate

Named after British physicist David Deutsch.

named-after

(quantum computing) A three-qubit quantum gate.


NISQ

Coined by physicist John Preskill in 2018 (see quotations below).

coin

For this talk, I needed a name to describe this impending new era, so I made up a word: NISQ. This stands for Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum.

[2018, John Preskill, “Quantum Computing in the NISQ era and beyond”, in Quantum, volume 2, page 82:

The quantum computing era that we are living in today is known as the NISQ era, as mentioned in the previous section.

2021, Srinjoy Ganguly, Thomas Cambier, Quantum Computing with Silq Programming, Packt Publishing Ltd, →ISBN, page 86:

Initially, Google would be focusing on so-called "noisy intermediate-scale quantum" (NISQ) algorithms, he said. NISQ is the low-hanging fruit of quantum computing that scientists hope will make the technology useful this decade.

2022 July 28, “Google seeks quantum gains in Aussie labs”, in The Australian Financial Review, Melbourne, page 3:

To my knowledge, this is the first piece of work to demonstrate quantum benefit using a NISQ machine to solve militarily important problems and that will build confidence and underpin continued investment in quantum information processing by the UK MOD and Government.

2023 January 13, “United Kingdom: Making better, faster decisions with quantum computing”, in Asia News Monitor, Bangkok:

(quantum computing, attributive, neologism) Acronym of noisy intermediate-scale quantum (computer).


blanet

2020 August 7th, Anton Petrov, Massive Blanets - Black Hole Planets - Could Be All Over the Place, YouTube:

(astronomy) A planet that orbits a black hole.


varitron

The mass of a varitron varies from 100 to 25,000 electron masses.

1955, Nuclear Science Abstracts - Issues 4344-8020, page 644:

The discovery of the varitron brought the brothers Alikhanov not only immediate fame, but considerable fortune as well in the form of a Stalin Prize First Class accompanied by 200,000 rubles.

1963 ·, Martin Caidin, Red Star in Space, page 52:

This high official exercised "self-criticism" in his own name and that of Soviet science for this "gross mistake”, and denounced all those who tried to protect the varitron story against experimental evidence.

1964, George Paloczi-Horvath, The Facts Rebel: the Future of Russia and the West, page 65:

These first flickering stars were perhaps giving birth in his mind to the thoughts of proton explosions, of developmental phases and cycles, of super-dense matter, of cosmic showers and storms of varitrons, of different theories of cosmogony, including his own, of instruments for recording invisible streams of stellar energy...

2019, Vasily Grossman, translated by Robert Chandler and Yury Bit-Yunan, Stalingrad, page 215:

(physics) An alleged subatomic particle with variable mass that Armenian physicists claimed to have discovered in the 1940s, but which was subsequently debunked.


Vaseline glass

From the resemblance in colour to Vaseline petroleum jelly.

(informal) A pale yellowish-green form of uranium glass.


uranium glass

Coordinate term: lead glass

A form of decorative glass with a fluorescent effect, achieved by adding uranium, usually in oxide diuranate form, added to the glass before melting.


superplasma

en-noun

superplasma (countable and uncountable, plural superplasmas)

Analogously, if I believed that the only enmattered intelligent are humans and had a crazy neighbor who believed in the existence of "superplasma"-based sapient aliens, I would not need to understand the concept of "superplasma" to believe my neighbor's claims to be false --- if would suffice that I would know that whatever my neighbor meant by it, it was a form of matter.

2006, Alexander R. Pruss, The Principle of Sufficient Reason: A Reassessment, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 192:

The interstellar craft sped through the vast blackness of deep space at incredible speed. The sole occupant reposed in comfort within a bubble of protective superplasma in a state of suspended animation.

2009, Wayne Berry, Is This the Fun Part?: An Anthology, AuthorHouse, →ISBN, page 266:

However, just after the phase transition, the appearance of an immense number of different particles in a corresponding number of degrees of freedom, and in practice produces an increase of the temperature of the cosmic medium (which is now a sort of "superplasma").

2016, Ross Barrett, Pier Paolo Delsanto, Angelo Tartaglia, Physics: The Ultimate Adventure, Springer International Publishing, →ISBN, page 168:

(physics, rare) Extremely powerful plasma.


Czochralski method

Czochralski process
Czochralski process#English

(inorganic chemistry) Synonym of Czochralski process


Kyropoulos technique

Kyropoulos method
Kyropoulos method#English


EPR telephone

From EPR + telephone. From being a method of transmission (telephone) in non-linear quantum physics where faster-than-light (FTL) communication (non-local communication) is possible, as described in the EPR paradox proposed by Einstein, Poldolsky, Rosen, violating relativity. Coined by American physicist Joseph Polchinski in 1990.

coin

Schrödinger equation
Schrödinger equation#English

A method of transmission of information non-locally, allowing FTL communication and back-in-time communication, through application of Steven Weinberg's proposed non-linear fields in quantum physics on entangled particles, accessing hidden variables of the Schrödinger equation.


motion parallax

(photography, optics) The illusion of higher speed travel of a foreground object moving, when it is closer to the observer/camera, than when it is further away.


parallax motion

en-noun

parallax motion (plural parallax motions)

(photography, optics) The apparent motion of a tracking-locked foreground object against a background, when the camera is moving across the environment. (ie. A stationary object will appear to move across a background, when a moving camera is locked to track it)


superenergy

"Slowly the glow and bliss faded and that superenergy drained away. Now that I've read your book and come to this workshop, I know the importance of zazen. But will zazen bring back that wonderful joy?"

1989, Philip Kapleau, Zen: Merging of East and West, Anchor Books, →ISBN:

Only a few days remained before the freeze, and they spent this period in a burst of superenergy, stripping bark and storing it for their their winter's food.

1995, James A. Michener, Creatures of the Kingdom: Stories of Animals and Nature, Random House Publishing Group, →ISBN, page 140:

In any local energy situation the centres and controllers exert near-supremacy, but they are always conscious of the superenergy presence and the unrecognizable performance of the Unqualified Absolute.

2011, Tigran Aivazian, The British Study Edition of the Urantia Papers Book, Tigran Aivazian, →ISBN, pages 1211, 1212:

(physics, rare) Highly superior energy (in any sense).


phototransferase

(biochemistry) Any photochemical transferase


halo orbit

First used by NASA mission specialist Robert W. Farquhar in 1966 for calculated orbits around the Earth-Moon L₂ point which required the use of thrusters to be made periodic.

Due to the strong hyperbolic character of the halo orbits, the stable manifold approaches the halo orbit in a very fast way. This fact means that if we are able to put the satellite in the stable manifold of a halo orbit, it will be close to the halo orbit (say at [a] few km) in a reasonable period of time.

2001, G. Gómez, À. Jorba, J. Masdemont, C.Simó, Dynamics and Mission Design Near Libration Points, Volume III, World Scientific, page 93:

2013, Yuhui Zhao, Shoucun Hu, Xiyun Hou, Lin Liu, Chapter 39: On Nominal Formation Flying Orbit with a Small Solar System Body, Rongjun Shen, Weiping Qian (editors), Proceedings of the 26th Conference of Spacecraft TT&C Technology in China, Tsinghua University Press, Springer, Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 187, page 395,
If the ratio of the amplitude in x-direction to γ₁ keeps unchanged (=0.155), the periods of halo orbits are almost the same (about 190 days). As a result of the stability of CRTBP and the dynamics of halo orbit formation, nominal halo orbits do not exist if the ratio is too large or too small.

Thus, the minimum possible size for halo orbits in the Sun-Earth system is approximately (240 x 660) 10³ km at L₁ and (250 x 675) 10³ km at L₂, sizes denoting the maximum excursion from the libration point in the x and y directions respectively.

2013, Daniel García Yárnoz, Joan-Pau Sanchez, Colin R. McInnes, “Chapter 21: Opportunities for Asteroid Retrieval Missions”, in Viorel Badescu, editor, Asteroids: Prospective Energy and Material Resources, Springer, page 486:

(orbital mechanics) A periodic, three-dimensional orbit about any one of the Lagrange points L₁, L₂ or L₃ of a two-body gravitational system.


BIPV

(electricity, construction) Initialism of building-integrated photovoltaic.


p.d.

potential difference
potential difference#English

(physics) Abbreviation of potential difference.


autospectrum

(physics) The variance of a function or output over time; the spectrum of a single time series.


superquintessence

The second is ascribed to the Magnalia, the third is out of its own specifics. Indeed, the superquintessence sustains the quintessence itself as well as the other four.

1910, Hermetic medicine and hermetic philosophy, Pacific Section, American Association of Petroleum Geologist, page 340:

The wormhole is modeled by a thin sphercial shell accreting the superquintessence fluid, --- two different models are presented.

2005, Mathematical Reviews, Part 1000, American Mathematical Society, page 11639:

It has not been entirely ruled out that the acceleration (discovered in 1998) in the expansion of the universe could be due in part to cosmic exotic matter (called "superquintessence"). Such matter could support cosmic wormholes.

2011 June 16, “If wormholes existed, what would happen if you tried to push one end through the other?”, in reddit.com:

(rare, physics, cosmology) Phantom energy, cosmic exotic matter, and a likely explanation for dark energy itself, which can violate all energy conditions; a substance that both transcends and sustains the very quintessence itself, as well as the four elements.


bi-elliptic transfer

bi-elliptic transfer (plural bi-elliptic transfers)

(astronautics) A type of movement of a spacecraft from one orbit to another, in which the spacecraft first raises its apoapsis to an extremely high altitude, then, at the new, higher, apoapsis, performs an engine burn to change its periapsis to that of the desired orbit, and, finally, upon reaching the new periapsis, performs a third burn to lower the eccentricity of its orbit and circularize in the desired orbit, or performs these steps in reverse to move from a higher to a lower orbit.


semi-trailing

semi-trailing arm suspension

Swivelling of these semi-trailing arms is therefore neither true transverse or true trailing but is a combination of both.

2002, Heinz Heisler, Advanced Vehicle Technology, page 397:

The next development, introduced in 1951, was the semi-trailing arm in which the arm pivot axis is a compromise between the swing axle and the plain trailing arm, typically in the range of 15° to 25°, as in Figure 1.10.4.

2009, John C. Dixon, Suspension Geometry and Computation, page 28:

Semi-trailing links are optimal with regard to this requirement as they can support forces in both the lateral and longitudinal directions through the same pivot points.

2010, Bernhard Heißing, Metin Ersoy, Chassis Handbook, page 395:

To reduce this unwanted effect, the design of the trailing arm has been modified to a semi-trailing arm suspension, where the revolt axis of the control arm makes an angle with the vehicle's longitudinal axis, as shown in Figure 2.3.

2022, Avesta Goodarzi, Amir Khajepour, Vehicle Suspension System Technology and Design, page 14:

(mechanics) Having a movement that pivots on an access which is at an angle between longitudinal and transverse.


metallotransferase

(biochemistry) A transferase that is a metalloenzyme


Kasner metric

Developed by the American mathematician Edward Kasner in 1921.

(relativity) An exact solution to Einstein's theory of general relativity, describing an anisotropic universe without matter.


false vacuum

false vacuum (plural false vacuums or false vacua)

false vacuums (plural)
false vacua (plural)

1989, Alan Guth, Paul Steinhardt, The inflationary universe, Paul Davies, The New Physics, Cambridge University Press, 2000 (1992) Paperback Edition, page 57,
The energy density of the false vacuum can be attributed entirely to the Higgs fields. Furthermore, as can be seen in figure 3.5, any deviation of the Higgs fields from their false-vacuum values would require an increase in energy density. This implies that the false vacuum has a peculiar property which distinguishes it from all familiar materials: when the volume of a region of false vacuum is increased, the energy density cannot decrease, but instead remains at a constant value.

2010, Sean Carroll, From Eternity to Here, Oneworld Publications, eBook Edition,
When a field is stuck in a false vacuum, it wants to decay to the lower-energy true vacuum.

False vacua play an important role in models of the inflationary universe and elsewhere. In the following we consider first (after some recapitulations) a simple model of a false vacuum.

2012, Harald J. W. Mueller-Kirsten, Introduction To Quantum Mechanics, 2nd edition, World Scientific, page 729:

(physics, quantum field theory) A (hypothetical) metastable vacuum whose energy state is at a local minimum different from the global minimum; a vacuum that is relatively stable and long-lived but which still may decay to a lower-energy state.


dermatoelectrical

Relating to the electrical properties of skin


thermohydrodynamic

en-adj

thermohydrodynamic (comparative more thermohydrodynamic, superlative most thermohydrodynamic)

more thermohydrodynamic (comparative)
most thermohydrodynamic (superlative)

(physics) Relating to differences in temperature and differences in pressure


warblet

(physics) A chirplet based on cyclically varying frequency-modulated signals.


Bunsen coefficient

atmospheric pressure
atmospheric pressure

(physical chemistry) The number of milliliters of gas dissolved in a milliliter of liquid at atmospheric pressure and a specified temperature.


parallel axis theorem

(physics) A theorem that states the moment of inertia of a rigid body about any axis is equal to its moment of inertia about a parallel axis through its center of mass plus the product of the mass of the body and the square of the distance between the two parallel axes.


superquintessential

For instance, if we adopt models of dark energy as potential energy of some, as yet undiscovered, scalar field, we cannot obtain superquintessential values w < −1, unless we consider phantom fields or non–minimal coupling terms.

2011 November 16, Ester Piedipalumbo, Paolo Scudellaro, “A Matter–Dominated Cosmological Model with Variable G and Λ and Its Confrontation with Observational Data”, in arxiv.org:

The dark energy equation of state w parameter as a function of t , for the potential in Eq. (3.60) for A = 1, λ = 1, and σ = 1: it turns out that such a scalar field can be interpreted as a superquintessential field.

2012 July 21, Giampiero Esposito, Claudio Ruban, “On Quintessential Cosmological Models and Exponential Potentials”, in researchgate.net:

The superquintessential septuplets.

2021 July 27, “Daily Miku #154”, in reddit.com, archived from the original on 2021-08-31:

(rare, physics, cosmology) Of or relating to superquintessence.


plasonium

(physics) A form of small, relatively stable qubit


conservative force

en-noun

conservative force (plural conservative forces)

(physics) A force the work done by which is independent of the path taken and depends only on the initial and final positions of the object; equivalently, the total work done by a conservative force is equal to zero when the path taken is a closed loop.


nonkinase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that is not a kinase


perpendicular axis theorem

perpendicular axis theorem (uncountable)

(physics) A theorem that states the moment of inertia of a planar lamina (i.e. 2-D body) about an axis perpendicular to the plane of the lamina is equal to the sum of the moments of inertia of the lamina about the two axes at right angles to each other, in its own plane intersecting each other at the point where the perpendicular axis passes through it.


fluffy bunny

fluffy bunny (countable and uncountable, plural fluffy bunnies)

The idea of fluffy-bunnies developed from theoretical work undertaken to study the interference fringes that are seen when two Bose-Einstein condensates spatially overlap (20).

2005, Jacob Dunningham, Alexander Rau, Keith Burnett, “From pedigree cats to fluffy-bunnies”, in Science, volume 307, number 5711, American Association for the Advancement of Science, →DOI, page 874:

Because of this a whole different class of states called the fluffy-bunnies arises which are robust entanglements due to the measurements and interactions between particles.

2019, KKY Vasura Jayaweera, KAIL Wijewardena Gamalath, “Particle localization via measurement induced entanglement”, in World Scientific News, volume 128, number 2, DARWIN, →ISSN, pages 234–254:

Note, however, a subtlety: in general, this inequality is strict (apart from when both sides are zero), due to a necessary reduction in entanglement after applying the dephasing operation Φ_A ⊗ Φ_B and removing the fluffy bunny entanglement.

2020, Benjamin Morris, Benjamin Yadin, Matteo Fadel, Tilman Zibold, Philipp Treutlein, Gerardo Adesso, “Entanglement between identical particles is a useful and consistent resource”, in Physical Review X, volume 10, number 4, APS, →DOI:

Quantum entanglemant
quantum entanglement

(quantum mechanics, countable) Quantum entanglemant that occurs in theory but which seldom (or never) arises because of other physical restrictions.


amacratic

an amacratic lens

(optics) Uniting the rays of light into one focus.


array cable

Any of a set of submarine power cables connecting wind turbines in an offshore wind farm.


virtual focus

virtual focus (countable and uncountable, plural virtual foci or virtual focuses or virtual focusses)

virtual foci (plural)
virtual focuses (plural)
virtual focusses (plural)

(optics) A point from which light or other radiation apparently emanates, such as in the virtual image produced by a plane mirror.

valepolttopiste

point from which light, etc., apparently emanates


holographic principle

(physics) The principle that a volume is a boundary of a higher-dimension region


dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase

(biochemistry) An enzyme produced by the liver that contributes to the breakdown of thymine and uracil.


excisase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that catalyses an excision of a chromosome


hybridase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that catalyses the degradation of RNA hybrids


From vehicle-to-load technology, the capability of battery electric vehicles to provide power to electric appliances.

(countable and uncountable, automotive, electricity) Abbreviation of vehicle-to-load.


Balmer line

(physics) Any of the spectral lines forming a Balmer series.


monotrimer

(chemistry) A single trimer that typically occurs in polymeric forms


Knudsen gas

Named after Danish physicist Martin Knudsen.

(physics) A gas in a state of such low density that the average distance travelled by the its molecules between collisions (mean free path) is greater than the diameter of the receptacle that contains it.


Knudsen layer

(physics) A thin layer of vapor near a liquid or solid, where the gas's behavior is dominated by interactions with the liquid or solid.


equisolid

(optics) Relating to the same solid angle


quercetamide

(biochemistry) An amide obtained from quercetin in the form of an amorphous orange-yellow powder.


Barkhausen effect

Barkhausen effect (plural Barkhausen effects)

Discovered by German physicist Heinrich Barkhausen in 1919.

(physics) The phenomenon where noise is generated in the magnetic output of a ferromagnet after the magnetizing force applied to it is changed.


centimolar

(physical chemistry) Of or relating to centimoles; one hundredth as concentrated as a molar solution.


Oberth effect

(astronautics) The concept that the most efficient place for spacecraft to change velocity is at the periapsis (the lowest point of an orbit).


Bridgman effect

Bridgman effect (plural Bridgman effects)

Named after American physicist Percy Bridgman (1882–1961).

named-after

(physics) A phenomenon that occurs when an electric current passes through an anisotropic crystal.


principle of least action

(physics) A variational principle that, when applied to the action of a mechanical system, yields the equations of motion for that system. It states that the trajectories (i.e. the solutions of the equations of motion) are stationary points of the system's action functional.


suilysin

(biochemistry) A cytolysin produced by Streptococcus suis


arc resistance

The ability of an insulating material to withstand high voltage electric arc.


volume resistivity

The resistance to leakage current through an insulating material body.


leakage current

The current that flows through the grounding to earth.


tracking resistance

An indication of how an insulating material withstands certain loads on its surface or how resistant a material is to environmental influences.


VEV

vacuum expectation value
w:vacuum expectation value

(physics) Initialism of vacuum expectation value.


Wightman axiom

Named after American physicist Arthur Wightman, who formulated them in the early 1950s.

quantum field theory
quantum field theory

(physics) Any of a number of axioms representing an attempt at a mathematically rigorous formulation of quantum field theory.


mercapto protease

en-noun

mercapto protease (plural mercapto proteases)

2005, "Proceedings on Rose Breeding, Cultivation and Production in China", Y Lin, Q Liu, IV International Symposium on Rose Research and Cultivation, actahort.org
Mercapto-protease and serine protease were both found in rose petals.

The protease may be mercapto protease, preferably papain.

2017, December 8, Chenguang Biotech Group Co Ltd, "Lycopene micro-capsule powder and preparation method therefor", European Patent Office EP3721874A1

2020, "Electrochemical detection of silver ions by using sulfur quantum dots modified gold electrode", L Fu, A Wang, K Xie, J Zhu, F Chen, H Wang, et al., Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, Elsevier
The principle is that silver ion can inhibit the activity of free mercapto protease and thus inhibit its biological function [[4], [5], [6]].

Considering that papain is a mercapto protease enzyme, and sulfydryl groups of papain are deemed to show a strong affinity for Au and Ag (as was the case for BSA).

2020, X LiuY ZhangS WangC LiuT WangZ Qiuet al., “Performance comparison of surface plasmon resonance biosensors based on ultrasmall noble metal nanoparticles templated using bovine serum albumin”, in Microchemical Journal, Elsevier:

2021, "Cloning, expression and characterization of metalloproteinase HypZn from Aspergillus niger", P Song, W Xu, K Wang, Y Zhang, F Wang, X Zhou, et al., PLoS one, journals.plos.org
The cysteine protease inhibitor E-64 had little effect on enzyme activity, indicating that the HypZn active site does not contain cysteine and that it is not a mercaptoprotease.

(biochemistry) A protease that contains an active sulfhydryl group.


combined cycle power plant

combined cycle power plant (plural combined cycle power plants)

A power plant that uses both natural gas and steam to have higher efficiency of power generation from the same amount of fuel.


TIQIP

(quantum computing) Acronym of trapped-ion quantum information processor.


spacetime singularity

spacetime singularity (plural spacetime singularities)

gravitational singularity
gravitational singularity#English

(physics) Synonym of gravitational singularity


dissipation factor

The value of energy loss rate of oscillation mode in a dissipative system.


vampire draw

But turning it off can lower the player's energy vampire draw to less than a third of a watt, […]

2009, Joe Hutsko, Green Gadgets For Dummies, page 226:

The continuous drawing of power from the electricity supply by devices that are left plugged in on standby.


rebound resilience

rebound resilience (usually uncountable, plural rebound resiliences)

The ratio between the returned energy and applied energy for deformation on a sample between the applied force and the specimen.


tear resistance

The resistance level of a material that can withstand the effect of cracking or tearing.


breakdown voltage

The minimum voltage that causes part of an insulator to become electrically conductive.


circumtriple

(astrophysics) orbiting around three stars or other centers.


Reionization

Ages of the Universe
Ages of the Universe#English

(cosmology) The epoch of reionization of the Universe, where matter decoupled from energy, and space became transparent to radiation. One of the Ages of the Universe. The cosmic era when ultraviolet radiation of the first (Population III) stars and quasars ionized neutral hydrogen, ending the Cosmic Dark Age(s).


electrical breakdown

Condition when an electrical insulator suddenly becomes conductive when the applied electric field exceeds the dielectric strength of the insulator.


dielectric strength

electrical breakdown
electrical breakdown

The minimum applied electric field that results in the electrical breakdown of a dielectric material.


lost in time

Possibly a shortening of the phrase lost in the mists of time.

(science fiction) Lost during time travel.


null-grav

null-grav (countable and uncountable, plural null-gravs)


tackle block

(mechanics) A pulley over which a rope runs.


cable joint

(electricity) Connection between two power cables with proper insulation and mechanical protection.


hipot tester

dielectric withstand test
dielectric withstand test

A device used to perform dielectric withstand test.


partial discharge

A localized electrical breakdown of a small portion of a solid or fluid electrical insulator when being applied to high voltage.


dielectric withstand test

dielectric withstand test (plural dielectric withstand tests)

An electrical test performed on an electrical insulator to determine the strength of its insulation by applying high voltage to an item and monitor leakage current.


melanoheliophobia

From melano- (“pigmented, darkened”) + helio- (“Sun, star”) + -phobia (“fear”), from black holes being collapsed stars.

affix

I hear you suffer from a certain affliction, melanoheliophobia

2021 October 5, “Dark Star”, in Killers of the Cosmos, season 1, episode 5, via Science Channel:

(informal) The irrational fear of (astrophysical) black holes.


Copenhagen interpretation

the Copenhagen interpretation (canonical)

A collection of views about the meaning of quantum mechanics principally attributed to Niels Bohr and Werner Heisenberg, including the idea that quantum mechanics is intrinsically indeterministic, with probabilities calculated using the Born rule, and the principle of complementarity, which states that objects have certain pairs of complementary properties which cannot all be observed or measured simultaneously.


SBPS

(electricity) Initialism of standby power system/supply.


SPVS

(electricity) Initialism of standalone photovoltaic system/supply.


SAPS

(electricity) Initialism of stand-alone power system/supply.


Born rule

Formulated by German physicist Max Born in 1926.

(quantum mechanics) A key postulate of quantum mechanics, giving the probability that a measurement of a quantum system will yield a given result. In its simplest form, it states that the probability density of finding a particle at a given point, when measured, is proportional to the square of the magnitude of the particle's wavefunction at that point.


interference pattern

en-noun

interference pattern (plural interference patterns)

(physics) A series of light and dark bands that map out the way in which the phase difference between two waves varies in space.


quasi-moon

From quasi- + moon, modeled after quasi-satellite.


electrical treeing

electrical pre-breakdown
electrical breakdown

The electrical pre-breakdown damaging phenomenon in solid insulation due to partial discharge, progressing through stressed dielectric insulation in a path resembling the branches of a tree.


cuspon

(physics, mathematics) A soliton based on a cusp


HGW

hyperquenched glassy water
hyperquenched glassy water#English

(physics, chemistry) Initialism of hyperquenched glassy water.; a form of H₂O water ice which is glassy, non-crystalline, that is formed by rapidly cooling liquid water


HVP

(physics) Abbreviation of hadronic vacuum polarization.


QRNG

quantum random number generator
quantum random number generator#English

(quantum mechanics, computing) Abbreviation of quantum random number generator.


SEMF

semi-empirical mass formula
w:semi-empirical mass formula

(physics) Initialism of semi-empirical mass formula.


inertial frame

inertial frame of reference
inertial frame of reference#English

(physics) Short for inertial frame of reference.


reference frame

reference frame (plural reference frames)

frame of reference
frame of reference#English

(physics) Alternative form of frame of reference


clocktime

clocktime (countable and uncountable, plural clocktimes)

(physics) The elapsed time as measured by a stationary observer.


electroenzyme

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses an electrochemical reaction


kexin

kexin (countable and uncountable, plural kexins)

(biochemistry) A yeast serine peptidase.


carbon dioxide snow

(inorganic chemistry, physical chemistry, medicine) A solid form of carbon dioxide used in cryotherapy and also as a refrigerant.


nanobe

Blend of nano + microbe, from nano-. From being nanoscale particles similar to microbes.

(geology, geochemistry, biology, biochemistry, microbiology, microscopy) A structure similar in appearance to a cell, but only nanometres in size.

Nanoscopic abiotic life, acellular life, or protolife.

A nanoscopic self-replicating structure.

Petrified nanoscopic structure, fossil or pseudofossil.


antihelion

The antiparticle of a helion, consisting of two antiprotons and one antineutron.


immersion oil

(microscopy) A transparent oil of a specific refractive index and viscosity used to increase the resolving power of a microscope by filling the gap between the objective lens and the specimen.


cerliponase

(biochemistry) A peptidase that acts on tripeptides


melanoproteinase

(biochemistry) Any proteinase that acts on a melanoprotein


Carnot cycle

One of the virtues of the fuel battery is said to be that, unlike all heat engines, it is not limited in theoretical efficiency by the Carnot cycle and its practical efficiency lies in the 60 to 80 per cent range; a point often forgotten, however, is that if hydrogen has to be made, the Carnot cycle efficiency does apply, because this is a heat process.

1962 February, “Talking of Trains: Fuel battery locomotives?”, in Modern Railways, page 87:


McIntire joint

(electrical) An electrical connection spliced together by means of a sleeve (double tube of copper for this purpose).


Uranium Club

(historical) A German project during World War II to research nuclear technology, including nuclear weapons and nuclear reactors.


even-even

an even-even nucleus

(physics) Having even numbers of both protons and neutrons.


Bekenstein bound

Bekenstein bound (plural Bekenstein bounds)

(thermodynamics) An upper limit on the thermodynamic entropy, or Shannon entropy, that can be contained within a given finite region of space which has a finite amount of energy—or conversely, the maximal amount of information required to perfectly describe a given physical system down to the quantum level.


odd-even

an odd-even nucleus

(physics) Having an odd number of protons and an even number of neutrons.