multipacting

The detailed electromagnetic design, multipacting simulation, mechanical analysis of the cavity will be given in this paper..

2016, Hu-Tan-Xiang Zhong, Feng Zhu, Pei-Liang Fan, Sheng-Wen Quan, Ke-Xin Liu, “Design study of a beta=0.09 high current superconducting half wave resonator”, in arXiv:

(physics) That functions as a multipactor


metallodielectric

We demonstrate that the ability of anisotropic metallodielectric nanocavities to dramatically reduce the scattered light is associated with a multiple Fano-resonance phenomenon.

2016, Carlos Díaz-Aviñó, Mahin Naserpour, Carlos J. Zapata-Rodríguez, “Tunable scattering cancellation of light using anisotropic cylindrical cavities”, in arXiv:


frequentaneous

The proposed frequentaneous time and Fourier transform based time-frequency distribution contains only those frequencies which are present in the Fourier spectrum.

2016, Pushpendra Singh, “Time-Frequency analysis via the Fourier Representation”, in arXiv:

(mathematics, physics) Related to frequency and phase (of a wave)


gyrophase

The latter is eventually averaged over the gyrophase to produce Littlejohn's guiding-center equations.

2016, Cesare Tronci, “From liquid crystal models to the guiding-center theory of magnetized plasmas”, in arXiv:

(physics) The angle in the perpendicular plane between a reference direction the gyroradius vector.


gyrogauge

A crucial role is played by the vector potential for the gyrogauge field.

(physics) A transformation by a gyrovector; an arbitrary position-dependent rotation.


superchiral

In the close vicinity of a chiral nanostructure, the circular dichroism of a biomolecule could be greatly enhanced, due to the interaction with the local superchiral fields.

2016, S. Hamed Shams Mousavi, Sajanlal R. Panikkanvalappil, Mostafa A. El-Sayed, Ali A. Eftekhar, Ali Adibi, “Large Enhancement of Circular Dichroism Using an Embossed Chiral Metamaterial”, in arXiv:

(mathematics, physics) (of a field) having chiral density much higher than circularly polarized light, particularly with respect to ultrasensitive detection


unentanglement

Analyzing the reduced density of a single qubit, we also explain the observation that the dephasing rate is always slower than the unentanglement rate..

2016, Tanay Nag, Amit Dutta, “Generation of concurrence between two qubits locally coupled to a one dimensional spin chain”, in arXiv:

(physics) The process of becoming unentangled


ebit

(physics, computing) An entangled bit (in a quantum computer)


subdimensional

We find that lattice models of emergent gravity naturally contain such subdimensional particles as dark matter..

2016, Michael Pretko, “Subdimensional Particle Structure of Higher Rank U(1) Spin Liquids”, in arXiv:


dipolariton

We demonstrate that the energy of the propagating dipolariton can be easily tuned using local electrical gates, that their excitation and extraction can be easily done using simple evaporated metal gratings, and that the dipolar interactions between polaritons and between polaritons and excitons can also be controlled by the applied electric fields.

2016, Itamar Rosenberg, Yotam Mazuz-Harpaz, Kenneth West, Loren Pffeifer, Ronen Rapaport, “Electrically controlled mutual interactions of flying waveguide dipolaritons”, in Phys. Rev. B:

(physics) A polariton having an electrical dipole moment.


Orion drive

en:Orion drive
en:Project Orion (nuclear propulsion)

From Orion + drive, since it originated from Project Orion, a U.S. government study from the 1950s.

(astronautics, science fiction) A theoretical means to propel spacecraft through space, by detonating nuclear bombs behind the spaceship and riding the nuclear explosions that push against the rear mounted pusher plate.


degravitate

en-verb

degravitate (third-person singular simple present degravitates, present participle degravitating, simple past and past participle degravitated)

degravitates (present singular third-person)
degravitating (participle present)
degravitated (participle past)
degravitated (past)

The modification itself originates from the quest of finding a mechanism which is able to degravitate the vacuum energy on cosmological scales.

2016, Alain Dirkes, “Degravitation and the relaxed Einstein equations”, in arXiv:

(physics) To remove (the effects of) gravity (from)


piezomechanical

Hence, the piezomechanical system will be an efficient transducer for applications in hybrid quantum systems..

2016, Chang-Ling Zou, Xu Han, Liang Jiang, Hong X. Tang, “Cavity piezomechanical strong coupling and frequency conversion on an aluminum nitride chip”, in arXiv:

(physics) Describing any mechanical effect of stress


dark light

Blend of dark matter + light. From being a force found in the dark sector that acts on dark matter, analog to light in the "light sector" (the part of the universe that is not part of the dark sector) that acts on "light matter" (ordinary matter that interacts electromagnetically, thus visibly).

(astrophysics, cosmology, astronomy, physics) A hypothetical force of nature that acts on dark matter to allow dark matter to interact with itself.


optomagnonic

In this work we derive the microscopic optomagnonic Hamiltonian.

2016, Silvia Viola Kusminskiy, Hong X. Tang, Florian Marquardt, “Coupled Spin-Light dynamics in Cavity Optomagnonics”, in arXiv:

(physics) Relating to optical magnons or to optomagnonics


subnucleonic

The inclusion of subnucleonic degrees of freedom allows us to analyze p+p collisions in an analogous way, with predictions that can be used in further collective evolution.

2016, Piotr Bozek, Wojciech Broniowski, Maciej Rybczynski, “Wounded quarks in A+A, p+A, and p+p collisions”, in arXiv:


bosonification

en-noun

bosonification (countable and uncountable, plural bosonifications)

Tropical curve counting is related to an algebra of operators on the Fock space by means of bosonification.

2016, Renzo Cavalieri, Paul Johnson, Hannah Markwig, Dhruv Ranganathan, “A graphical interface for the Gromov--Witten theory of curves”, in arXiv:

(mathematics, physics) Synonym of bosonization


spinoptics

The topics covered range from the basics of the thermodynamics of light emission and absorption, to applications in solar-thermal energy generation, thermophotovoltaics, optical refrigeration, personalized cooling technologies, development of coherent incandescent light sources, and spinoptics..

2016, Svetlana V. Boriskina, Jonathan K. Tong, Wei-Chun Hsu, Bolin Liao, Yi Huang, Vazrik Chiloyan, Gang Chen, “Heat meets light on the nanoscale”, in arXiv:

(physics) The optics of elliptically-polarized light


rotonization

The transition is accompanied by the onset of short-range correlations, suppression of the superfluid response, and rotonization of the excitation spectrum.

2016, Alexey Filinov, “Correlation effects and collective excitations in bosonic bilayers: role of quantum statistics, superfluidity and dimerization transition”, in arXiv:


hypercolor

From hyper- + color. In the clothing sense, initially a trademark of Generra Sportswear Company of Seattle.

We explore a model based on the classically-scale invariant standard model (SM) with a strongly coupled vector-like dynamics, which is called hypercolor (HC).

2016, Hiroyuki Ishida, Shinya Matsuzaki, Yuya Yamaguchi, “Invisible Axion-Like Dark Matter from Electroweak Bosonic Seesaw”, in arXiv:

(physics) A hypothetical attractive force that binds prequarks together by the exchange of hypergluons, analogous to the exchange of gluons by the color force, which binds quarks together.


superfermion

Based on superfermion/superboson formalism and general Kossakowski- Lindblad master equation for an open quantum system we develop a method to compute distribution of waiting times between quantum jumps.

2016, D. S. Kosov, “Distribution of waiting times between superoperator quantum jumps in Lindblad dynamics”, in arXiv:

(physics) A condensation of multiple fermions.


shockpeakon

In addition to these K+K interlacing pure peakon solutions, we also investigate 1+1 shockpeakon solutions, and collisions leading to shock formation in a 2+2 peakon-antipeakon solution..

2016, Hans Lundmark, Jacek Szmigielski, “Dynamics of interlacing peakons (and shockpeakons) in the Geng-Xue equation”, in arXiv:


superboson

In all these, bosons lose their individual identities, condensing into a part of a superboson or a superatom.

2013, Behram N. Kursunogammalu, Stephan L. Mintz, Arnold Perlmutter, Neutrino Mass, Dark Matter, Gravitational Waves, Monopole Condensation, and Light Cone Quantization, →ISBN, page 7:

(physics) A condensation of multiple bosons.


multiquasiparticle

Competing multiquasiparticle configurations are found to contribute to a rich variety of collective phenomena in this nucleus..

2016, A. D. Ayangeakaa, U. Garg, C. M. Petrache, S. Guo, P. W. Zhao, J. T. Matta, B. K. Nayak, D. Patel, R. V. F. Janssens, M. P. Carpenter, C. J. Chiara, F. G. Kondev, T. Lauritsen, D. Seweryniak, S. Zhu, S. S. Ghugre, R. Palit, “In-beam spectroscopy of medium- and high-spin states in ¹³³Ce”, in arXiv:

(physics) Containing multiple quasiparticles


counterstreamer

(physics) A particle that moves against a stream of oppositely-charged particles


ergotropic

Eventually, presence of quantum correlations result in a non-vanishing thermodynamic quantity called ergotropic gap, measured by the difference between the global and local ergotropy.

2016, Amit Mukherjee, Arup Roy, Some Sankar Bhattacharya, Manik Banik, “The presence of quantum correlations result in non-vanishing ergotropic gap”, in arXiv:


elastodiffusion

We derive a general expression for the fully anistropic diffusivity tensor from site and transition state energies, and three derivatives of the diffusivity: the elastodiffusion tensor (derivative of diffusivity with respect to strain), the activation barrier tensor (logarithmic derivative of diffusivity with respect to inverse temperature) and activation volume tensor (logarithmic derivative of diffusivity with respect to pressure).

2016, Dallas R. Trinkle, “Diffusivity and derivatives for interstitial solutes: Activation energy, volume, and elastodiffusion tensors”, in arXiv:


gluphilic

A gluphilic scalar dark matter (GSDM) model has recently been proposed as an interesting vision for WIMP dark matter communicating dominantly with the Standard Model via gluons.

2016, Rohini M. Godbole, Gaurav Mendiratta, Ambresh Shivaji, Tim M.P. Tait, “Mono-jet Signatures of Gluphilic Scalar Dark Matter”, in arXiv:

(physics) Related to an interaction with gluons


ergotropy

(physics) The maximum amount of work that can be obtained from a quantum system


femtomagnetism

Therefore, we believe that our spin-orbit coupled model may find some important applications in spin switching processes, a hot topic in femtomagnetism..

2016, G. P. Zhang, Y. H. Bai, Thomas F. George, “A new and simple model for magneto-optics uncovers an unexpected spin switching”, in EPL, volume 112:

(physics) ferromagnetism that is controlled by femtosecond pulses of laser light


complexiton

It is applied to the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation and yields new complexiton solutions of both the KdV and coupled KdV equations.

2016, Aslı Pekcan, “New Complexiton Solutions of the KdV and Coupled KdV Equations”, in arXiv:

(physics) A nonsingular periodic soliton


hooperon

A gauge singlet, the hooperon, induces the GeV gamma ray signal in the Fermi-LAT data through annihilation into vector-like leptons or quarks.

2016, Manuel Ernst Krauss, Toby Opferkuch, Florian Staub, Martin Wolfgang Winkler, “The 750 GeV Boson: Dawn of the Super-Hooperon”, in arXiv:

(physics) A proposed WIMP dark matter particle


magnetochiral

The obtained formula for #x5C;gamma shows that the magnetochiral anisotropy is strongly enhanced when the chemical potential is tuned to Weyl points, and that noncentrosymmetric Weyl semimetals such as TaAs can exhibit much larger magnetochiral anisotropy than that observed in other materials so far..

2016, Takahiro Morimoto, Naoto Nagaosa, “Chiral anomaly and giant magnetochiral anisotropy in noncentrosymmetric Weyl semimetals”, in arXiv:

(physics) chiral when in the presence of a magnetic field


peridynamics

This paper provides the detailed proof of the convergence of the two-grid method for the nonlocal model of peridynamics.

2016, Minghua Chen, Weihua Deng, “Convergence proof for the multigrid method of the nonlocal model”, in arXiv:

(physics) A form of mechanics concerned with discontinuities and fractures


magnetoelectroluminescence

Without this effect, which has not been included in any previous simulation of magnetoelectroluminescence, it is not possible to reproduce the experimental data for both isotopologues in a consistent fashion.

2016, Joseph E. Lawrence, Alan M. Lewis, David E. Manolopoulos, P. J. Hore, “Magnetoelectroluminescence in organic light emitting diodes”, in arXiv:

(physics) A change in electroluminescence in response to a magnetic field.


weakino

electroweak interaction
electroweak interaction

(physics) A proposed particle related to the electroweak interaction


semiforbidden

The IEL component is presented in different emission lines, including the permitted lines \lya\ #x5C;lambda1216, \civ\ #x5C;lambda1549, semiforbidden line \ciii\ #x5C;lambda1909, and forbidden lines \oiii\ #x5C;lambda#x5C;lambda4959, 5007.

2016, Zhenzhen Li, Hongyan Zhou, Lei Hao, Shufen Wang, Tuo Ji, Bo Liu, “Strong Optical and UV Intermediate-Width Emission Lines in the Quasar SDSS J232444.80-094600.3: Dust-Free and Intermediate-Density Gas at the Skin of Dusty Torus ?”, in arXiv:

(mathematics, physics) Partially forbidden


overcoupling

We observe continuous transition of the coupling between the fiber-taper waveguide and the microresonator from undercoupling to critical coupling and then to overcoupling regimes by increasing the pump power even though the spatial distance between the resonator and the waveguide was kept fixed.

181105 (2016), Motoki Asano, Şahin Kaya Özdemir, Weijian Chen, Rikizo Ikuta, Lan Yang, Nobuyuki Imoto, Takashi Yamamoto, “Controlling slow and fast light and dynamic pulse-splitting with tunable optical gain in a whispering-gallery-mode microcavity”, in Appl. Phys. Lett., volume 181105:

electrical engineering
electrical engineering

(electrical engineering) The act of coupling two tuned transformers so as to create a broader bandwidth.


undercoupling

(electrical engineering) The act of coupling two tuned transformers so as to create a narrower bandwidth.


transcapacitance

(physics) The ability of the voltage between two nodes to alter the capacitance between another two nodes


quantistic

Those fluctuations are connected to the quantization of the electromagnetic field, whose interaction with the Dirac electrons of graphene is known to induce some spectacular and purely quantistic phenomena, like the Casimir and the Aharanov--Bohm effects.

2016, Pedro Melo, Andrea Marini, “Lamb shift of the Dirac cone of graphene”, in arXiv:


superscattering

We achieve unidirectional forward superscattering by multilayered spherical cavities which are effectively radially anisotropic.

2016, Wei Liu, Bing Lei, Jianhua Shi, Haojun Hu, “Unidirectional superscattering by multilayered cavities of effective radial anisotropy”, in arXiv:

(physics) A form of scattering in which multiple particles are dispersed in a nonunitary way.


eigenfield

Remainder estimates for the approximations to the first eigenvalue and associated eigenfield are presented.

2016, V. G. Maz'ya, A.B. Movchan, M.J. Nieves, “Eigenvalue problem in a solid with many inclusions: asymptotic analysis”, in arXiv:

(physics) A field associated with an eigenvalue


pseudodot

In this paper, we investigate the influence of a screw dislocation on the energy levels and the wavefunctions of an electron confined in a two-dimensional pseudoharmonic quantum dot under the influence of an external magnetic field inside a dot and Aharonov-Bohm field inside a pseudodot.

2016, Cleverson Filgueiras, Moisés Rojas, Gilson Aciole, Edilberto O. Silva, “Landau quantization, Aharonov-Bohm effect and two-dimensional pseudoharmonic quantum dot around a screw dislocation”, in arXiv:


magnetomechanical

This spin-nanomechanical setup with strong, \emph{intrinsic} and \emph{tunable} magnetomechanical couplings allows for the construction of hybrid quantum devices with NV centers and carbon-based nanostructures, as well as phonon-mediated quantum information processing with spin qubits.

2016, Peng-Bo Li, Ze-Liang Xiang, Peter Rabl, Franco Nori, “Hybrid quantum device with NV centers in diamond coupled to carbon nanotubes”, in arXiv:


Dirac cone

(physics) A surface in materials such as graphene that exhibits unusual electron transport


discorrelated

We present a variety of discorrelated states, show that they are entangled, and study their sensitivity to loss..

2016, Evan Meyer-Scott, Johannes Tiedau, Georg Harder, Lynden K. Shalm, Tim J. Bartley, “Discorrelated quantum states”, in arXiv:

(physics) From which quantum correlation has been removed


conetronics

The crossing of two cones are symmetry-protected to be non-hybridizing, leading to two independent channels in 2D node-line semimetals at the same k-point akin to spin-channels in spintronics, rendering conetronics device possible.

2016, Menghao Wu, Zhijun Wang, Junwei Liu, Huahua Fu, Lei Sun, Xin Liu, Minghu Pan, Hongming Weng, Mircea Dinca, Liang Fu, Ju Li, “Conetronics in 2D Metal-Organic Frameworks: Double Dirac Cones, Magnetic Half Dirac Cones and Quantum Anomalous Hall Effect”, in arXiv:

(physics, rare) A form of electronics in Dirac cones


inductometric

The FORCs for an amorphous magnetic wire was measured with an inductometric experimental setup in which the field-rate was maintained constant.

2016, Dorin Cimpoesu, Ioan Dumitru, Alexandru Stancu, “Kinetic effects observed in dynamic FORCs of magnetic wires: Experiment and theoretical description”, in arXiv:


thermocapillarity

If the destabilizing effect of thermocapillarity overcomes the stabilizing effect of surface tension and gravity, the liquid film ruptures in finite time, through the formation of primary and secondary thermocapillary finger structures. The long-wave evolution dynamics are compared for two different substrate types: isothermal non-porous and isothermal porous for small Biot number in a zero gravity environment.

2016, Aneet Dharmavaram Narendranath, “Dynamics of thin liquid films on a porous substrate in zero gravity”, in arXiv:

(physics) The condition of being thermocapillary


rationalification

We proceed by passing to the normalization and then gluing along the conductor in an appropriate rationalification or log-canonicalization of the normalization of X..

2016, Jeremy Berquist, “Demi-Normal Surface Singularities”, in arXiv:

(mathematics, physics) Conversion to rational form


nanospinodal

Previous studies on GeMn have suggested that the large MR is related to nanospinodal decomposition of GeMn into Mn-rich ferromagnetic nanoparticles and Mn-poor paramagnetic matrix.

2016, Yuki K. Wakabayashi, Ryota Akiyama, Yukiharu Takeda, Masafumi Horio, Goro Shibata, Shoya Sakamoto, Yoshisuke Ban, Yuji Saitoh, Hiroshi Yamagami, Atsushi Fujimori, Masaaki Tanaka, Shinobu Ohya, “Origin of the large positive magnetoresistance in Ge1-xMnx granular thin films”, in arXiv:


superperiodic

However, their description of the low-energy dynamics of twisted bilayer graphene is restricted to the extended zone scheme and therefore neglects the effects of the superperiodic structure.

247401 (2016), M. Van der Donck, F. M. Peeters, B. Van Duppen, “Comment on "Creating in-plane pseudomagnetic fields in excess of 1000 T by misoriented stacking in a graphene bilayer"”, in Phys. Rev. B, volume 247401:


ferroelastoelectric

More importantly, the predicted low domain wall energy and small migration barrier together with the coupled multiferroic order and anisotropic electronic structures suggest their great potentials for tunable multiferroic functional devices by manipulating external electrical, mechanical, and optical field to control the internal responses, and enable the development of four device concepts including 2D ferroelectric memory, 2D ferroelastic memory, and 2D ferroelastoelectric nonvolatile photonic memory as well as 2D ferroelectric excitonic photovoltaics.

2016, Hua Wang, Xiaofeng Qian, “Two-Dimensional Multiferroics: Ferroelasticity, Ferroelectricity, Domain Wall, and Potential Mechano-Opto-Electronic Applications”, in arXiv:

(physics) ferroelastic and ferroelectric


dreibein

Three orthonormal vectors #x5C;hat#x7B;l#x7D;, #x5C;hat#x7B;e#x7D;#x7B;(1)#x7D; and #x5C;hat#x7B;e#x7D;#x7B;(2)#x7D; form the dreiben - a local physical coordinate frame of the A-phase vacuum.

1992, G. E. Volovik, Exotic Properties of Superfluid 3He, page 21:

This is shown for the following canonical sectors: i) a conformally invariant generic description where the spinor field and the dreibein are locally rescaled; ii) a specific configuration for the Dirac fermion consistent with its spin, where Weyl symmetry is exchanged by time reparametrizations; iii) the vacuum sector 1, which is of interest for perturbation theory.

2016, Alfredo Guevara, Pablo Pais, Jorge Zanelli, “Dynamical Contents of Unconventional Supersymmetry”, in arXiv:


paraelectromagnon

(physics) An electromagnon that is active when in a paramagnetic environment


bandmixing

This is a surprising finding since the bandmixing has an even larger influence on the strength of the photocurrents than the absorption coefficient.

2016, H.T. Duc, R. Podzimski, S. Priyadarshi, M. Bieler, T. Meier, “Ultrafast shift and rectification photocurrents in GaAs quantum wells: Excitation intensity dependence and the importance of bandmixing”, in arXiv:

(physics) The mixing of the components of the conduction bands of a semiconductor


optospintronics

An emerging branch of electronics, the optospintronics, would be highly boosted if the control of magnetic order by light is implemented in magnetic semiconductors nanostructures being compatible with the actual technology.

2016, I. Lorite, Y. Kumar, P. Esquinazi, S. Friedländer, A. Pöppl, T. Michalsky, J. Meijer, M. Grundmann, T. Meyer, I. Estrela-Lopis, “Photo-enhanced magnetization in Fe-doped ZnO nanowires”, in arXiv:

(physics) The (study of the) interaction of light with spin polarization (spintronics)


ferrofluidity

ferrofluidity (countable and uncountable, plural ferrofluidities)

The achievement of quantum-degenerate Bose gases composed of atoms with sizeable magnetic dipole moments has realized quantum ferrofluids, a form of fluid which combines the extraordinary properties of superfluidity and ferrofluidity.

2016, A. M. Martin, N. G. Marchant, D. H. J. O'Dell, N. G. Parker, “Vortices and vortex lattices in quantum ferrofluids”, in arXiv:

(physics) The condition of being a ferrofluid


superinsulating

Electron overheating has been shown to give a consistent description of this behavior, but there are other, more exotic, explanations including a novel, superinsulating state and a many-body localized state.

2016, Tal Levinson, Adam Doron, Idan Tamir, Girish Chandra Tewari, Dan Shahr, “A Direct Determination of the Temperature of Overheated Electrons in an Insulator”, in arXiv:

(physics) Displaying infinite resistivity at finite temperatures; in a state of superinsulation.


nuclear plasma

(physics) A plasma undergoing nuclear fusion


burning plasma

burning nuclear plasma
burning nuclear plasma#English

(nuclear physics) Abbreviation of burning nuclear plasma.


burning nuclear plasma

burning nuclear plasma (plural burning nuclear plasmas)

From burning + nuclear plasma. From being self-sufficient in the production of the amount of heat necessary to continue the nuclear processes, hence "burning" (where in a chemical fire, the reaction processes produces enough heat to continue reacting in the heat portion of the fire triangle); and being a plasma (a highly ionized gas) where nuclear processes occur.

(nuclear physics) A plasma undergoing nuclear fusion where the amount of fusion reactions is sufficient to produce enough energy to maintain the temperature of the plasma at a level necessary for further fusion processes.


barometric pressure

barometric pressure (countable and uncountable, plural barometric pressures)

(physics, meteorology) The downward pressure of the atmosphere onto the Earth; at sea level a unit of air pressure is one atmosphere, air pressure rises as the altitude increases and is measured in millibars or pascals.


creepage distance

creepage distance (plural creepage distances)

The shortest distance along a solid insulation surface between two conductive parts.


Yang-Mills theory

electromagnetic force
electromagnetic force

(physics) A gauge theory that seeks to describe the behaviour of elementary particles using certain Lie groups. It is important in the unification of the electromagnetic force and weak nuclear force.


gauge theory

(physics) A type of field theory in which the Lagrangian is invariant under a continuous group of local transformations.


femtoelectronvolt

(physics) A unit of energy equal to one quadrillionth of an electronvolt, symbol feV


omnigeneity

(physics) The condition of being omnigeneous


omnigeneous

(physics, of a stellarator) Having no orbit-averaged radial magnetic drift


nanoelectronvolt

(physics) A unit of energy equal to one billionth of an electronvolt, symbol neV


picoelectronvolt

(physics) A unit of energy equal to one trillionth of an electronvolt, symbol peV


microelectronvolt

(physics) A unit of energy equal to one millionth of an electronvolt, symbol μeV.


Wick's theorem

Named after Gian-Carlo Wick (1909–1992), Italian theoretical physicist.

quantum field theory
quantum field theory

(quantum mechanics) A method of reducing high-order derivatives to a combinatorics problem, used extensively in quantum field theory to reduce arbitrary products of creation and annihilation operators to sums of products of pairs of these operators.


baryo-

Clipping of baryon. From Ancient Greek βαρύς (barús, “heavy”).


time crystal

Coined by American biologist Arthur Winfree in 2001. An analogue to crystals, which have repetitive patterns in space.


time crystal

Coined by American physicist Frank Wilczek in 2012. An extension of the concept of a crystal to encompass time.

(quantum mechanics) A crystal that has a structure that repeats not only in space, but also in time.


ion trap

(physics) Any of several electromagnetic devices used to capture charged particles


Hall voltage

(physics) The voltage generated by the Hall effect.


bituminosulfonate

ammonium bituminosulfonate
ammonium bituminosulfonate

(organic chemistry, petrochemistry) An anion found in ammonium bituminosulfonate (ichthammol), obtained by dry distillation of oil shale and subsequent sulfonation.


arginyl aminopeptidase

(biochemistry) The enzyme aminopeptidase B, which catalyses the release of N-terminal Arg and Lys from oligopeptides when P1' is not Pro.


Radithor

(historical) A quack medicine consisting of distilled water and radium, claimed to cure impotence and other conditions, but actually causing radiation poisoning.


Radium Girl

(US, historical) A female factory worker who contracted radiation poisoning from luminous paint (containing radium) used in watch dials in the early 20th century.


nuclear meltdown

nuclear meltdown (plural nuclear meltdowns)

A severe nuclear reactor accident that results in core damage from overheating


backwards time machine

backwards time machine (plural backwards time machines)

(science fiction) A time machine that can only allow travel to the past, but cannot also allow travel to the future.


forward time machine

forward time machine (plural forward time machines)

(science fiction) A time machine that can only allow travel to the future, but cannot also allow travel to the past.


space-time crystal

space-time crystal (plural space-time crystals)


RCD

residual-current device
residual-current device#English


lightning bolt

Shortly after dinner one day — it was a hot summer afternoon — a very severe thunderstorm broke out over the city and after it had lasted some ten to fifteen minutes an exceptionally bright lightning bolt flashed through the air followed immediately by a terrific crash of thunder.

1913, Popular Electricity and the World's Advance, page 192:

A single, visible discharge of lightning.


infaller

The relative boost I talked about is again between an early infaller which could be part of the matter and a late infaller.

2016, Roger Blandford, David Gross, Alexander Sevrin, Astrophysics and Cosmology: Proceedings of the 26th Solvay Conference on Physics:

(astrophysics) A particle that falls behind the event horizon, for example into a black hole.


foreprism

(spectroscopy) A prism the light is passed through before entering a spectrometer.


adenase

(biochemistry) An enzyme found especially in animal tissue (as liver) that hydrolyzes adenine to hypoxanthine and ammonia.


coordinate covalent bond

coordinate covalent bond (plural coordinate covalent bonds)


field lens

(optics) a positive-powered lens or group of lenses that comes after the objective lens and before the image plane or the eyepiece, serving to change the size of the image


timeship

(science fiction) A vehicle like a spaceship that travels through time.


dirty thunderstorm

dirty thunderstorm (plural dirty thunderstorms)

A weather phenomenon that is related to the production of lightning within a volcanic plume.


subextensive

According to Tsallis (1988), the entropy was extensive for T = 1, superextensive for t < 1 and subextensive for t > 1.

2000, Roman Teisseyre, Eugeniusz Majewski, Earthquake Thermodynamics and Phase Transformation in the Earth's Interior, →ISBN:

(thermodynamics) Having a combined system entropy that is less than the sum of the entropies of the independent systems.


submicrosecond

(physics) Of or pertaining to time spans of less than a microsecond.


Luttinger liquid

Luttinger liquid (plural Luttinger liquids)

Reformulated by J. M. Luttinger, based on earlier work by Tomonaga.

(physics) A theoretical model describing interacting electrons (or other fermions) in a one-dimensional conductor (e.g. quantum wires such as carbon nanotubes). Such a model is necessary because the commonly-used Fermi liquid model breaks down for one dimension.


protomatter

It is possible that the two principal alternative conceptions of the inexhaustibility of the microworld (an infinite "linear" hierarchy of structures or some primordial entity infinite in itself— single "protomatter" or an infinite number of simplest and equally elementary constituents) do not exhaust all approaches that are feasible here.

1983, Einstein and the Philosophical Problems of 20th Century Physics, page 325:

The diameter of a protomatter unit is the smallest possible separation of space. Protomatter is durable because it is indestructable. It is not possible to destroy a piece of nothing. Space is nothing. Protomatter is space.

2009, Gary Weise, The Origin of Space Stars Planets and Life, →ISBN, page 19:

First, we have assumptions of different kinds of “protomatter,” such as electrons, protons, and neutrons.

2012, Uwe Hentschel, Gudmund J.W. Smith, Wolfram Ehlers, The Concept of Defense Mechanisms in Contemporary Psychology, →ISBN:

For instance, particles of matter can be produced in this way (e.g., see Refs [1, 2]) (although, in particular, relict photons appeared as a result of the decay of protomatter in the early Universe).

2007, Physics, Uspekhi - Volume 50, page 973:

(physics) A hypothetical substance from which the universe is created.


pilot wave

Coined by Louis de Broglie from the idea that the waveform pilots (guides) particles.

To do their job, the pilot waves must travel to the far slit and return in time to influence the electron's path depending on whether that slit is open.

1999, Alan A. Grometstein, The Roots of Things: Topics in Quantum Mechanics, →ISBN, page 321:

The theory of the pilot wave is a proposal in order to undersand the basic ontology of the microworld as composed of two different entities given simultaneously: a wave and a particle.

2001, Gennaro Auletta, Giorgio Parisi, Foundations and Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics, →ISBN, page 471:

One of the functions of the pilot wave is to convey information, instantaneously, to the particle concerning any changes which are encountered by the pilot wave.

2009, Bill Whitehouse, Mapping Mental Spaces - Volume 2, →ISBN, page 196:

The real component of the Schrödinger equation describes the behaviour of the particle (it acts as a pilot wave for the particle), while the imaginary component describes the behaviour of the quantum potential.

2014, Mike Hockney, Why Math Must Replace Science, →ISBN:

(physics) A theoretical matter wave that guides the motion of point particles.


Tsirelson bound

Tsirelson bound (plural Tsirelson bounds)

Named after Boris S. Tsirelson, the author of the paper in which the first one was derived.

(quantum mechanics) An upper limit to quantum mechanical correlations between distant events.


spacetime physics

theory of relativity
theory of relativity

(uncountable, physics) The physics of the four dimensional continuum and the theory of relativity.


radiodating

Determining the age of artefacts by means of radiometry.


light month

(astronomy, physics) A unit of length equal to the distance light travels in one month.


nephogram

The figure shows a nephogram of the stress in the outer layer of the pipe.

(physics) A graphical depiction of a physical quantity that resembles a cloud.


transmethylase

Although the dimethylthetin transmethylase can be prepared free from the betaine transmethylase by further alcohol fractionation, all active betaine transmethylase preparations have had dimethylthetin transmethylase activity.

1948, JW Dubnoff, H Borsook, “Dimethylthetin and dimethyl-β-propriothetin in methionine synthesis”, in Journal of Biological Chemistry:

(biochemistry) An enzyme that catalyses transmethylation.


Hubble flow

From Hubble (“Edwin Hubble”) + flow. From the flowing/movement of galaxies in the Universe under the influence of Hubble expansion.

(astrophysics, cosmology) The motion of galaxies due to the expansion of the universe


Kochen-Specker theorem

Proved by John S. Bell in 1966 and by Simon B. Kochen and Ernst Specker in 1967.

(quantum mechanics) A no-go theorem that places certain constraints on the permissible types of hidden-variable theories that try to explain the apparent randomness of quantum mechanics as a deterministic model featuring hidden states. It demonstrates the impossibility of quantum-mechanical observables representing "elements of physical reality".


IRF

inertial reference frame
inertial reference frame#English

(physics) Initialism of inertial reference frame.


synestia

For any rotating planetary body, there is a thermal limit beyond which the rotational velocity at the equator intersects the Keplerian orbital velocity. Beyond this corotation limit (CoRoL), a hot planetary body forms a structure, which we name a synestia, with a corotating inner region connected to a disk-like outer region.

2017 May 23, SJ Lock, ST Stewart, “The structure of terrestrial bodies: Impact heating, corotation limits, and synestias”, in Journal of Geophysical Research:

For a brief time during its infancy, Earth was a hot, doughnut-shaped blob called a synestia. […] A synestia has an exterior region marked by clouds of molten rock and dust, all at a scorching 2000°C or hotter.

2017 June 3, Shannon Hall, “Early Earth was a molten doughnut”, in New Scientist, volume 234, number 3128, page 10:

The investigation also examined the geochemical consequences of lunar formation resulting from the high-energy collision of proto-planets that created a huge, vaporized, doughnut-shaped object called a synestia.

2019 April 24, G. Jeffrey Taylor, “Volatile Elements Test Models for the Origin of the Moon”, in Planetary Science Research Discoveries:

(astrophysics) A donut-shaped body of vaporized and molten rock formed from the collision of two planet-sized objects.


fructotransferase

(biochemistry) Any of a class of enzymes that produce difructose anhydrides from fructans.


glucotransferase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that liberates glucose from amylose.


supercounterfluid

Bose-Einstein condensate
Bose-Einstein condensate

(physics) A form of Bose-Einstein condensate that opposes the flow of a superfluid


tachyonic antitelephone

tachyonic antitelephone (plural tachyonic antitelephones)


synphase

(electrical engineering, physics) That have the same or close phase; that have phase difference of about 0.


counterphase

(electrical engineering, physics) That have phase difference of around 180°, or π


momentless

(physics, mechanics) Without a moment, or turning force.


zweibein

Equivalent to German zwei (“two”) + Beine (“legs”).

Expressed in terms of zweibein and spin-connection, non-einsteinian gravity in d = 2 resembles a gauge theory with noncompact group and with nonpolynomial self-interactions.

1992 August 31, Wolfgang Kummer, Dominik J. Schwarz, “Renormalization of R² gravity with dynamical torsion in d = 2”, in Nuclear Physics B, volume 382, number 1, →DOI, pages 171–186:


CCCC

countercurrent chromatography
countercurrent chromatography#English

(physical chemistry, analytical chemistry) Initialism of centrifugal countercurrent chromatography.


GPT

/ˈd͡ʒiːˈpiːˈtiː/

(physics) Initialism of generalized probabilistic theory.


SYZ conjecture

From the initials of Strominger, Yau, and Zaslow, who proposed it.

(mathematics, physics) An attempt to understand the mirror symmetry conjecture, an issue in theoretical physics and mathematics.


leptohadron

(physics) An excited state of a lepton that interacts as if it were a hadron


leptomeson

(physics) An excited state of a lepton that interacts as if it were a meson


gyrolayer

(physics) A specific layer of a gyroresonant fluid object


macrostrain

macrostrain (countable and uncountable, plural macrostrains)


nanopinch

(physics) A nanoscale pinch (or Z-pinch)


effective nuclear charge

effective nuclear charge (plural effective nuclear charges)

On the other hand, many concepts on atomic structure (energy levels, ionization potentials, electronegativity of the elements, and so on) are discussed in terms of effective nuclear charges.

1999 September, O. Sala, K. Araki, L. K. Noda, “A Procedure to Obtain the Effective Nuclear Charge from the Atomic Spectrum of Sodium”, in Journal of Chemical Education, volume 76, number 9, page 1269:

(chemistry) The net nuclear charge that an electron in an atom experiences, after subtracting the nuclear charge shielded by other electrons.


correspondence principle

the correspondence principle (canonical)

(physics) The principle that classical physics is the limit of quantum physics as quantum numbers approach infinity.

korrespondensprincippet

the principle that classical physics is the limit of quantum physics as quantum numbers approach infinity

Not to be confused with law of correspondence


NADS

(biochemistry) Initialism of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide synthetase.


angel particle

Named by US researchers in 2017, in reference to Dan Brown's novel Angels & Demons (2000), which involves a bomb made of combined matter and antimatter.

Zhang proposes that the team's discovery be named the "angel particle" after the Dan Brown novel Angels and Demons, which features a bomb powered by the meeting of matter and antimatter. In the long run, Majoranas could find practical application in making quantum computers more secure.

2017 July 21, Michael Irving, “Scientists discover "angel particle" that is its own antiparticle”, in New Atlas:

A team of physicists at Penn State and the University of Wurzburg in Germany led by Cui-Zu Chang, an assistant professor of physics at Penn State studied over three dozen devices similar to the one used to produce the angel particle in the 2017 report. They found that the feature that was claimed to be the manifestation of the angel particle was unlikely to be induced by the existence of the angel particle.

2020 January 3, Sam Sholtis, “The case of the elusive Majorana: The so-called 'angel particle' is still a mystery”, in Phys.Org:


co-sounding

(music, acoustics, physics) sounding together


coresonant

(music, acoustics, physics) resounding or echoing together


adsorboluminescence

(physics) luminescence following the adsorption of a small molecule or ion by a surface


autodiffusion

(physics) The diffusion of atoms or molecules among similar entities, especially in a solid


cosmonuclide

(physics) A nuclide / isotope produced by the action of cosmic rays on terrestrial atoms


Grassmann's law

Named after German linguist Hermann Grassmann (1809–1877).

named-after

(optics) An empirical law about human colour perception, stating that chromatic sensation can be described in terms of an effective stimulus consisting of linear combinations of different light colours.


Holstein-Primakoff transformation

en-noun

Holstein-Primakoff transformation (plural Holstein-Primakoff transformations)

Developed in 1940 by Theodore Holstein and Henry Primakoff.

(quantum mechanics) A mapping to the spin operators from boson creation and annihilation operators, effectively truncating their infinite-dimensional Fock space to finite-dimensional subspaces.


hyperheavy

(physics) Having one or more isotopes that are much heavier than the normal one

(physics, chemistry) Having a very large atomic number


photometeor

(optics) Any visible phenomenon in the atmosphere caused by reflection, refraction, diffraction or interference.


tritigenic

en-adj

tritigenic (comparative more tritigenic, superlative most tritigenic)

more tritigenic (comparative)
most tritigenic (superlative)

(physics) That produces tritium (by radioactive decay etc)


actinate

(inorganic chemistry) Any oxyanion of actinium, or salt containing such an oxyanion


alcoholase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that converts glucose or lactic acid to alcohol


americate

(inorganic chemistry) An oxyanion of americium; a salt containing this anion


berkelate

(inorganic chemistry) Any oxyanion of berkelium; any salt containing such an anion


californate

(inorganic chemistry) Any oxyanion of californium; any salt containing such an ion


elastic collision

en-noun

elastic collision (plural elastic collisions)

(physics) A collision in which kinetic energy is conserved.


Eddington limit

Eddington limit (plural Eddington limits)

Named after British astrophysicist Arthur Eddington

named-after

Eddington luminosity
Eddington luminosity#English

(physics) Synonym of Eddington luminosity


Kamiltonian

Blend of K + Hamiltonian; apparently popularised by a jocular comment in the textbook Classical Mechanics by Herbert Goldstein (first published 1950).
"It has been remarked in a jocular vein that if H stands for the Hamiltonian, K must stand for the Kamiltonian! Of course K is every bit as much a Hamiltonian as H, but the designation is occasionally a convenient substitute for the longer term "transformed Hamiltonian""

[…]gives the transformed Hamiltonian (the Kamiltonian)[…]. However, it is clear that (2.108) are not the canonical equations corresponding to the Kamiltonian (2.111).

2006, Henderson Douglas, Plaschko Peter, Stochastic Differential Equations In Science And Engineering, World Scientific Publishing, page 83:

(physics, Hamiltonian mechanics) A second Hamiltonian, denoted by K, resulting from the canonical transformation of a given Hamiltonian.

Classical Mechanics (Goldstein book)
Herbert Goldstein


neptunate

(inorganic chemistry) Any oxyanion of neptunium; any salt containing such an ion


quantum supremacy

Coined by American theoretical physicist John Preskill in 2012.

coin

Google said on Wednesday that it had achieved a long-sought breakthrough called “quantum supremacy,” which could allow new kinds of computers to do calculations at speeds that are inconceivable with today’s technology.

2019 October 23, Cade Metz, “Google Claims a Quantum Breakthrough That Could Change Computing”, in New York Times:

The potential ability of quantum computers to solve problems that are intractable for classical computers.


SHM

simple harmonic motion
simple harmonic motion#English

(physics) Initialism of simple harmonic motion.


plutonous

(inorganic chemistry) Containing plutonium in a low oxidation state


plutonate

(inorganic chemistry) Any oxyanion of plutonium; any salt containing such an anion


polonate

(inorganic chemistry) Any oxyanion of polonium; any salt containing such an anion


promethate

(inorganic chemistry) Any oxyanion of promethium; any salt containing such an anion


protactinate

(inorganic chemistry) Any oxyanion of protactinium; any salt containing such an anion


radate

(inorganic chemistry) Any oxyanion of radium; any salt containing such an anion


Bloch wave

(quantum mechanics) A type of wavefunction for a particle in a periodically repeating environment, most commonly an electron in a crystal.


Bloch sphere

Named after Swiss-American physicist Felix Bloch (1905–1983).

named-after

(quantum mechanics) A geometrical representation of the pure state space of a two-level quantum-mechanical system, or qubit.


anthroporadiometry

(physics, medicine) The measurement of the radiation emitted by all or part of the human body, in order to identify the radionuclides present and to evaluate their activity


virtual image

(optics) The image formed by light rays diverging from a convex mirror or concave lens


law of conservation of mass

en-noun

law of conservation of mass (uncountable)

conservation of mass
conservation of mass#English

(physics, chemistry) Synonym of conservation of mass


Hamiltonian operator

Hamiltonian operator (plural Hamiltonian operators)


boundary condition

boundary condition (plural boundary conditions)

(quantum mechanics) either one of the conditions that the wave function must be continuous and that its derivative must be as well, except in the case of infinite potential


theoretical physicist

theoretical physicist (plural theoretical physicists)

(physics, profession) A scientist who studies theoretical physics; using math and other abstract analysis rather than practical experimentnation.


PXR

(physics) Initialism of parametric X-ray radiation, X-ray radiation emitted when relativistic charged particles, like electrons, interact with crystals. Originally predicted by the Soviet scientists Vladimir G. Baryshevsky and Ilya D. Feranchuk.


nanoelectromagnetism

(physics) Electromagnetism on the nanoscale.


regular black hole

regular black hole (plural regular black holes)

From regular (“continuous”) + black hole (“region enclosed by an event horizon”). From having a spacetime formulation that is without discontinuities, that is, regular.

compound

(mathematics, physics) A mathematical formulation for a black hole which does not contain a singularity. The environment outside the event horizon is the same as other formulations for black holes.


cosmic singularity

en-noun

cosmic singularity (plural cosmic singularities)

From cosmic (“outer space”) + singularity (“discontinuity”).

compound

A point of infinite positive spacetime curvature because of an infinite gravitational field


trineutron

A hypothetical stable cluster of three neutrons.


Joule-Thomson effect

en-noun

Joule-Thomson effect (plural Joule-Thomson effects)

Named after James Prescott Joule and William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin, who discovered it in 1852.

(thermodynamics) The temperature change of a real gas or liquid (as differentiated from an ideal gas) when it is forced through a valve or porous plug while kept insulated so that no heat is exchanged with the environment.


deperm

en-verb

deperm (third-person singular simple present deperms, present participle deperming, simple past and past participle depermed)

deperms (present singular third-person)
deperming (participle present)
depermed (participle past)
depermed (past)

From de- (prefix indicating removal or reversal) + perm(anent magnet).

prefix

Vessels wiped and depermed as outlined above were found to age towards their original state, so the processes as described were only effective for comparatively short periods and had to be repeated at regular intervals.

1948, The School Science Review: A Magazine for Science Teachers, volume 30, London: John Murray for the Science Masters' Association and the Association of Women Science Teachers, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 46:

Our present system deperms more reliably and is arranged to deperm the sensor each time the power source for the magnetometer is turned on.

1964 June, Manual for Fluxgate Ferrite Magnetometer (CRSR; 172), Ithaca, N.Y.: Center for Radiophysics and Space Research, Cornell University, →OCLC, page 6:

When it is not possible to deperm the assembly below 95% of the post exposure magnitude, ascertain if the component contains parts with permanent magnets such as relays which would not deperm in the 50 gauss field.

1966 April, C[hester] L. Parsons, C. A. Harris, “Appendix C: Test Procedure”, in IMP-I Spacecraft Magnetic Test Program (NASA Technical Note; D-3376), Washington, D.C.: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2017-03-12, page 33:

Deperming the boards individually lead to a significant decrease in the magnetic moment of the whole unit, this was then repeated on all units.

2008, M. Ludlam et al., “The THEMIS Magnetic Cleanliness Program”, in J[ames] L. Burch, V[assilis] Angelopoulos, editors, The THEMIS Mission: […], [New York, N.Y.]: Springer Science+Business Media, published 2009, →DOI, →ISBN, section 4 (Unit Testing), page 176:

(transitive, chiefly nautical) To degauss or demagnetize; especially, to degauss a ship by dragging a large powered electrical cable along its side.


hemitropal

By surface analysis, hemi- + -trope + -al

surf

(crystallography) Of a crystal: having one part in reverse position with reference to the other part; twinned.


hemitropic

By surface analysis, hemi- + -trope + -ic

(crystallography) Synonym of hemitropal.


Bloch oscillation

en-noun

Bloch oscillation (countable and uncountable, plural Bloch oscillations)

(physics) In solid-state physics, the oscillation of a particle (e.g. an electron) confined in a periodic potential when a constant force is acting on it.


Bloch spectrum

Schrödinger equation
Schrödinger equation

(quantum mechanics) A concept relating to energy spectra. Let H be the one-dimensional Schrödinger equation operator H=-(d²)/(dx²)+U_α, where U_α is a periodic function of period α. The Bloch spectrum of H is the set of values E for which all the solutions of (H − E)φ = 0 are bounded on the whole real axis.


Bloch's theorem

(physics) A theorem stating that the energy eigenstates for an electron in a crystal can be written as Bloch waves.


thyrodoxin

(biochemistry) A selenium-dependent peroxidase present in the thyroid


vworp

Imitative of the sound made by the TARDIS in Doctor Who (originally produced by sound technician Brian Hodgson by electronically modifying a recording of a key scraping along a piano string).

With a vworp of displaced air, a Double of Bob appeared. Every detail was perfect save the eyes for some reason unknown. Instead of their clear blue, they were the deep green usually associated with impending violence. Nobody was looking so nobody noticed however.

2005 March 31, Clayton, “Re: [PW!] To the Tourney”, in alt.games.nintendo.pokemon (Usenet):

A cyclic wheezing, groaning noise began as Vin approach the back wall. The vworp vworp noise was synchronized with a flashing blue light on top, as the gigantic three-dimensional holographic wall displayed a London 1950 police call box. Vin snatched the door open, stepping inside.

2010 February 18, "danw" ("DAWootan"), {ASSM} OTEC_204_Years, alt.sex.stories.moderated

A voice cackled all evil-like and then lightning struck the tower and with a vworp it disappeared! Gosh!

2014 February 23, Drew Perron, MISC: Spies With Badges: "Junior Spies The First Movie", rec.arts.comics.creative, Usenet

No sooner had the spell been cast than it was broken by a sound from outside the castle; the loud, rough, grinding, metallic grunting sound—vworp-vworp-vworp!—of some machine trying to come to life or die quickly.

2019, Lucy A. Snyder, While the Black Stars Burn

(onomatopoeia) Representing the sound made by teleporting or dematerialising/rematerialising.


Amperian

(physics) Relating to André-Marie Ampère


didecahedral

(crystallography) Having five planes on each extremity.


color temperature

color temperature (countable and uncountable, plural color temperatures)

The typical color temperature of a standard incandescent lamp is about 2400 K.

(physics) A property of a light source: the temperature of an ideal black body radiator that radiates light of a color comparable to that of the light source.


SSDL

2002, Ahmad: Highly photostable laser solution and solid-state media based on mixed pyrromethene and coumarin:

2007, Costela, Solid state dye lasers: new materials based on silicon:

In addition to SSDL output, the unit provides radiation at 532 nm.

2009, Garcia‐Moreno et al.: Materials for a Reliable Solid‐State Dye Laser at the Red Spectral Edge:

solid-state dye laser
solid-state dye laser#English

(physics) Initialism of solid-state dye laser.


Bazin's formula

(physics) An equation used to calculate the flow velocity of a fluid in an open-channel system, relating Chezy's coefficient to variables such as radius, roughness, and discharge.


bifocus

(physics, of an image) Produced by stereoscopic lenses


Schwarzschild model

Schwarzschild model (plural Schwarzschild models)

From Schwarzschild + model, from being a model developed using Schwarzschild's method.

Schwarzschild's method
Schwarzschild's method

(astrophysics, astronomy) A triaxial equilibrium kinematic model of an actual galaxy built using Schwarzschild's method.


gyrogravitomagnetic

(physics) Describing a system of two or more gravitomagnetic fields that rotate about each other


Einstein cross

Einstein cross (plural Einstein crosses)

From Einstein (“Albert Einstein”) + cross. From the shape of a cross, of four points at roughly square angles around a central object, caused by distortions in the path of light's travel due to Einsteinian relativity (Albert Einstein's general relativity) creating four points out of a single light source behind the off-center central object. (An on-center central object results in an Einstein ring.).

gloss

(astronomy, physics) A gravitational lens configuration resulting in four duplicated images of the back ground image around the central gravitationally lensing object, in a cross configuration.

Einstein Cross

the first discovered gravitationally-lensed quasar in this configuration


Schwarzschild's method

Named after German-American astrophysicist Martin Schwarzschild (1912–1997).

named-after

This is because in Schwarzschild's method we seek to match the distribution of matter only in configuration space but we ignore the velocity distribution which is an outcome of the method for any particular solution w#x5F;o.

2008, Daniel Benest, Topics in Gravitational Dynamics:

(astrophysics, astronomy) A method to develop triaxial equilibrium kinematic models of actual galaxies (without knowledge of the motions of the component elements of the actual galaxies) using a grid and assigning masses and orbits, simulating gravitational evolution with the resulting estimated distributions, to compare with the actual galaxy, until a model results in similarity with the actual galaxy.

Schwarzschild model

a model built by using the Schwarzschild's method


Cygnus X-1

From Cygnus + X + 1. From being the first discovered discrete astronomical X-ray source (an X-ray star) located in the constellation of Cygnus.

(astronomy, physics) The first generally accepted and confirmed black hole. A black hole in a high-mass X-ray binary (HMXB) with a blue supergiant companion (HD 226868), located in the constellation Cygnus.

high-mass X-ray binary
high-mass X-ray binary

(astronomy, physics) The high-mass X-ray binary star system containing this black hole and blue supergiant star.


gyratonic

electromagnetic radiation
electromagnetic radiation

(physics) Describing rotating electromagnetic radiation


pseudospinor

(mathematics, physics) A pseudospin analog of a spinor.


isofield

(physics) A region of identical field strength (especially that of a magnetic field)


arsonate

(inorganic chemistry) The oxyanion HAsO₃²⁻, derivatives, or any salt containing this ion


phenol oxidase

(biochemistry) Alternative form of phenoloxidase


stereodefect

(physical chemistry) A heterotactic part of an otherwise isotactic polymer molecule


arsanylium

(inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry) Alternative form of arsanylium ion


autophobicity

en-noun

autophobicity (countable and uncountable, plural autophobicities)

(physical chemistry) The formation of droplets at the boundary of a two-phase system


cyclohydrolase

(biochemistry) Any hydrolase that also catalyses a cyclization


ceramer

(organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, physical chemistry) A crosslinked organic/inorganic polymer that has some properties of a ceramic.


anionoid

Describing the anionic part of a zwitterion


cationoid

Describing the cationic part of a zwitterion


malonylesterase

(biochemistry) Any esterase that catalyses the hydrolysis of malonates


Klein paradox

Discovered by physicist Oskar Klein in 1929.

(quantum mechanics) A surprising result of applying the Dirac equation to the problem of electron scattering from a potential barrier. In non-relativistic quantum mechanics, electron tunnelling into a barrier is observed, with exponential damping. However, if the potential is of the order of the electron mass, V∼mc², the barrier is nearly transparent; moreover, as the potential approaches infinity, the reflection diminishes and the electron is always transmitted.


concordance cosmology

concordance cosmology (plural concordance cosmologies)

We show that the concordance cosmology can be resurrected using our phenomenological approach and our best-fitting model is in agreement with the PSCz observations.

2001, Martin Hirsch, Georg G. Raffelt, José Wagner Furtado Valle, editors, Frontiers in Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference, North-Holland, page 23:

The trouble, however, is that we do not have today a single viable alternative to the concordance cosmology.

2009, M. D'Onofrio, C. Burigana, “4: From Galileo to Modern Cosmology and Alternative Paradigms”, in Mauro D'Onofrio, Carlo Burigana, editors, Questions of Modern Cosmology: Galileo's Legacy, Springer, page 328:

The list of possible inflationary parameters that could enter future concordance cosmologies makes it clear[…].

2009, Scott Dodelson, Daniel Baumann, Asantha R. Cooray, Joanna Dunkley, Aurelien Fraisse, Mark G. Jackson, editors, CMB Polarization Workshop: Theory and Foregrounds : CMBPol Mission Concept Study, page 20:

(physics) A model of the universe that assumes a minimum number of parameters, especially the Lambda-CDM model.


Knudsen number

Named after Danish physicist Martin Knudsen.

(physics) The ratio between mean free path and aperture size used as a parameter in describing Knudsen flow.


optic axis

(crystallography, mineralogy) The direction in which a ray of light passing through a crystal does not suffer double refraction.


radiationist

More than 100 fatalities were recorded among these pioneer radiationists. One of the earliest and now best known incidents of Industrial radiation injury is that of the radium dial painters. During and immediately after World War I, a number of women worked in a war plant painting luminous watch and instrument dials. The luminous material was a mixture of a paint containing zinc sulfide, which phosphoresces on exposure to alpha rays, and a radium salt.

1957, The Control of Radiation Hazards in Industry:

Soon after the new scheme begins, another four professions will be added including; Aboriginal health workers, Chinese Medicine practitioners, medical radiationists and occupational therapists.

2009, N Blake, “Changes to 457 Visas - Implications for Nursing”, in Australian Nursing Journal:

The expertise of qualified oncologists, radiation therapists, and diagnostic radiationists are within close proximity of the clinic and will be used as determined by individual patient needs.

2014, William Winston, Marketing the Group Practice: Practical Methods for the Health Care Practitioner, Routledge, →ISBN:

(nonstandard, rare) One whose (medical or scientific) profession is to apply radiation or radioactive material (to someone or something).

I am not subscribing here to the theory of Richet or to that of the radiationists who believe that the perception is due to radiations given off from an object or a drawing. My emphasis is rather upon the percipient. The human being is dynamic, not the target. If there are any radiations, they must stem from him. It is my firm conviction that in the personality of the percipient we shall find what will prove most valuable for the understanding of paranormal manifestations.

1955, Eileen Jeanette Lyttle Garrett, Tomorrow:

Discover these radiations for yourself. Start slowly, say for not more than a 15 minute period. Experienced radiationists work for hours on certain studies but they all started gradually. First make this test for sensitivity. Stand upright, relax and face due West. Place your left hand flat over your solar plexus — the place where the ribs join — the fingers touching each other. Now suspend the pendulum from the right hand about nine inches from the left hand and opposite the center ...

1996, Mary Elsnau, Occult Phenomena, Mysteries & Philosophy, Health Research Books, →ISBN, page 62:

extrasensory perception
extrasensory perception

(rare) One who believes in or claims to practice extrasensory perception by sensing radiation.


eternally collapsing object

eternally collapsing object (plural eternally collapsing objects)

A proposed alternative to a black hole whose collapse continually slows down, and that does not form an event horizon

Magnetospheric eternally collapsing object


acylamidase

acylamidase (countable and uncountable, plural acylamidases)


adenosinase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of adenosine


action at a distance

action at a distance (countable and uncountable, plural actions at a distance)

For Descartes, as for Aristoteles, the doctrine of the Plenum rested on two self-evident truths: Nature abhors a vacuum, and there can be no action at a distance .

1984, David Layzer, Constructing the Universe, page 7:

(physics) The concept that an object can be affected, changed, moved, or otherwise affected without being physically touched by another object.


amidinohydrolase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of an amidine


downstrike

Besides forming new cores, arcs may also form branches, and "downstrikes" are liable to be particularly troublesome.

1959, Electrical Times - Volume 135, page 355:

When a downstrike is established, the longer arc in parallel dies away rapidly and the process appears on oscillograms as a sudden reduction in arc voltage.

1959, Proceedings of the Institution of Electrical Engineers:

This was prevented by reducing the space between the plates in that portion of the chute, so that when downstrikes occurred tie new arc core remained under control and returned up into the chute again.

1959 -, The Electrical Review - Volume 164, Issues 10-17, page 447:

These "downstrikes" were recorded with an electromagnetic oscillograph and a high-speed camera, and now a good correlation exists between the two records.

1962, Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, page 204:

electrical engineering
electrical engineering

(electrical engineering) A (usually unintended) branch of current that arcs downward to ground.


hartree

Named after the British physicist Douglas Hartree (1897–1958).

The atomic unit of energy, defined as 2R_∞hc, where R_∞ is the Rydberg constant, h is the Planck constant and c is the speed of light.


Sakharov condition

Sakharov condition (plural Sakharov conditions)

(physics) Any of the three necessary conditions that a baryon-generating interaction must satisfy to produce matter and antimatter at different rates: (i) baryon number violation; (ii) C-symmetry and CP-symmetry violation; (iii) interactions out of thermal equilibrium.


particle statistics

This circumstance, which is much different from classical particle statistics, reflects the way in which states are counted in Bose-Einstein statistics.

1984, P. W. Milonni, “Wave-Particle Duality of Light: A Current Perspective”, in S. Diner, D. Fargue, G. Lochak, F. Selleri, editors, The Wave-Particle Dualism: A Tribute to Louis de Broglie on his 90th Birthday, D. Reidel Publishing, page 38:

1990, Jurg Frohlich, Quantum Statistics and Locality, D. G. Caldi, George D. Mostow (editors), Proceedings of the Gibbs Symposium: Yale University, May 15-17, 1989, American Mathematical Society, American Institute of Physics, page 93,
A choice of particle statistics in quantum mechanics is equivalent to choosing representations Uₙ, of π₁(Mₙ), for all n, in the quantization procedure described in §1.2; see (1.3).
Thus, for a system of point particles in d > 3 dimensional, physical space, particle statistics is described by the symmetry character of wave functions under permutations of particle positions.

The path dependence of the interchange is all important since it relates the quantum mechanical concept of particle statistics to the topology of the configuration space.

2005, Avinash Khare, Fractional Statistics and Quantum Theory, 2nd edition, World Scientific, page 5:

statistical mechanics
statistical mechanics

(statistical mechanics, quantum mechanics) Any of certain theories, in classical physics or (particularly) quantum mechanics, that model the behaviour of collections of particles of identical type.

statistical mechanics; quantum mechanics; statistical mechanics; quantum mechanics


tidal flat

The bed of a tidal river, estuary, or shallow sea such as the Wadden Sea which is uncovered at low tide.


avenacinase

(biochemistry) A saponin-detoxifying enzyme present in fungi of the genus Gaeumannomyces


axolysis

(physics) The degeneration or dissolution of an axon


Bose-Einstein statistics

Named after physicists Albert Einstein and Satyendra Nath Bose, who developed the model and its underlying theory in 1924-25.

named-after

However, bosonic stimulation is as fundamental as Bose–Einstein statistics: one can derive the Bose–Einstein equilibrium distribution just by assuming detailed balance and bosonic stimulation (271).

1999, W. Ketterle, D. S. Durfer, D. M. Stamper-Kurn, “Making, probing and understanding Bose-Einstein condensates”, in M. Inguscio, S. Stringari, C. E. Wieman, editors, Bose-Einstein Condensation in Atomic Gases, IOS Press, page 136:

Bosons obey Bose–Einstein statistics in which there is no restriction on the occupation number of any single-particle state.

2010, Masahito Ueda, Fundamentals and New Frontiers of Bose-Einstein Condensation, World Scientific, page 1:

The photon number distribution, which can also be derived in a superstatistical approach [23], in general interpolates between Bose-Einstein statistics and Poisson statistics.

2017, J. Klaers, M. Weitz, “Photon BEC and Grand-Canonical Condensate Fluctuations”, in Nick P. Proukakis, David W. Snoke, Peter B. Littlewood, editors, Universal Themes of Bose-Einstein Condensation, Cambridge University Press, page 401:

Pauli exclusion principle
Pauli exclusion principle

(quantum mechanics) A particle statistics model that describes the behaviour of collections of particles (bosons) that do not obey the Pauli exclusion principle.

Bose-Einstein statistics
en:Albert Einstein
en:Satyendra Nath Bose

statistica di Bose-Einstein

particle statistics model applicable to bosons

B-E statistics

model that describes collection of particles


khronon

(physics) A dynamical scalar field that encodes the foliation of spacetime under quantum gravity


submicrojansky

(physics) Having a flux density of less than a microjansky


war of the currents

(historical) A series of events surrounding the introduction of competing electric power transmission systems in the late 1880s and early 1890s.


battle of the currents

war of the currents
war of the currents#English


bispheric

(optics, of a lens) Having a different radius of curvature at the centre and the edges


butyrocholinesterase

(biochemistry) Synonym of pseudocholinesterase


carbamoylase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the conversion of an N-carbamoyl-amino acid into ammonia, carbon dioxide and the free amino acid


EFE

Einstein field equation
Einstein field equation#English


Hawking's paradox

(physics) The black hole information paradox.


carotenase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that converts carotene into vitamin A


Gibbons-Hawking-York boundary term

The necessity of such a boundary term was first realised by James W. York and later refined in a minor way by Gary Gibbons and Stephen Hawking.

Einstein-Hilbert action
Einstein-Hilbert action

(physics) In general relativity, a term that needs to be added to the Einstein-Hilbert action when the underlying spacetime manifold has a boundary.

Gary Gibbons
Gibbons-Hawking-York boundary term
James W. York
Stephen Hawking


Hawking energy

en-noun

Hawking energy (plural Hawking energies)

Named after British theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking.

(physics) A measure of the bending of ingoing and outgoing rays of light that are orthogonal to a 2-sphere surrounding a region of space whose mass is to be defined.


Kerr geometry

Kerr geometry (usually uncountable, plural Kerr geometries)

Named after New Zealand physicist Roy Kerr.

The very remarkable conclusion of all this is that the black holes that we expect to find in nature have to conform to this Kerr geometry.

March 14, 2018, Roger Penrose, “'Mind over matter': Stephen Hawking – obituary”, in The Guardian:

The geometry of empty spacetime around a rotating uncharged axially-symmetric black hole with a spherical event horizon.


cellobiosidase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that releases cellobiose from one end of the cellulose molecule by hydrolysis


curacin

(biochemistry) Any of a group of peptide synthases found in some cyanobacteria


cetylpyridinium

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) A cetyl derivative of the pyridinium cation that is the basis of several cationic disinfectants


chitobiosidase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of a chitobioside


chlorohydrolase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the replacement of chloride groups by hydroxy groups


macrolipase

[To our knowledge, the simultaneous presence of macroamylase and macrolipase in the same patient has been previously reported in only four cases. Interestingly, two of those patients had celiac disease. If macroamylase and macrolipase are present, the possibility of celiac disease should be considered.]

2003, Oita T, Yamashiro A, Mizutani F, Tamura A, Sakizono K, Okada A, “[Simultaneous presence of macroamylase and macrolipase in a patient with celiac disease]”, in Rinsho Byori [Japanese Journal of Clinical Pathology], volume 51, number 10, →PMID, pages 974–977:

A macroenzyme form of a lipase, such as the macromolecular pancreatic lipase sometimes (but not always) correlated with acute pancreatitis or celiac disease.


PETN reductase

(biochemistry) A denitration enzyme which can break down penthrite (PETN) and nitroglycerine (GTN) by removing nitrite.


cholecystokinase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of cholecystokinin


delta notation

(physical chemistry) A notation for denoting the prevalence of an isotope, equal to the normalized ratio of one isotope to another in a sample relative to that same ratio in a standard.


radioloud

a radioloud neutron star


codecarboxylase

(biochemistry) Any active site on a decarboxylase which catalyzes the decarboxylation of D-amino acids


coglucosidase

(biochemistry) A coenzyme that activates a glucosidase


adenosylmethioninase

(biochemistry) The enzyme adenosylmethionine cyclotransferase.


electrical engineer

electrical engineer (plural electrical engineers)

Back-formation from electrical engineering.

back-form

electrical engineering
electrical engineering#English

Someone who specializes in electrical engineering.


vasopressinase

(biochemistry) An aminopeptidase enzyme that cleaves vasopressin, oxytocin, and other peptide hormones.


crotalase

(biochemistry) A snake venom enzyme that clots fibrinogen.


venombin

en-noun

venombin (countable and uncountable, plural venombins)

(biochemistry) Any of a class of thrombin-like enzymes from snake venom.


conoscopic

(optics) Relating to, or produced by conoscopy


light wave

electromagnetic wave
electromagnetic wave

(physics) An electromagnetic wave of light.

(physics, obsolete) A wave of the luminiferous ether.


cyclodeaminase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses a cyclodeamination reaction


cyclotransferase

(biochemistry) Any transferase whose action results in cyclization


dealkylase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses a dealkylation reaction


dehydroxylase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses a dehydroxylation reaction


deoxyriboaldolase

(biochemistry) Any aldolase that hydrolyses a deoxyribose phosphate


deoxynucleotidase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of a deoxynucleotide


dextrase

(biochemistry) Any of the enzymes that catalyse the conversion of dextrose into lactic acid


diesterase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of a diester; but especially a phosphodiesterase


dornase

(obsolete, biochemistry) Synonym of deoxyribonuclease


duodenase

(biochemistry) A serine endopeptidase found in the mucosa of the bovine duodenum.


footwheel

(mechanics) Any wheel worked by means of the foot.


superdeterminist

(physics) A proponent of superdeterminism.


eikonometer

(optics) An instrument for determining the magnifying power of a microscope


elasticoviscous

(physics) Having both elastic and viscous properties


electromotion

(obsolete, physics) The motion of electricity in a circuit or cell.

(obsolete, physics) Motion induced by electrical power.


electrotomy

(surgery) The cutting of tissue by means of high frequency electric current


spatial wave function

spatial wave function (plural spatial wave functions)

Ψ( bold r_1, bold r_2,t)=ψ( bold r_1, bold r_2)e,
where the spatial wave function (ψ) satisfies the time-independent Schrödinger equation: ...

2005, David J. Griffiths: Introduction to Quantum Mechanics, 2nd ed. Pearson Education, Inc. For time-independent potentials, we obtain a complete set of solutions by separation of variables

(physics) A separable wavefunction times e^(iEt/ hbar), which is thus a function of only space and not time.


endoamylase

(biochemistry) Any amylase that works on nonterminal glycoside linkage.


Barlow lens

Named after British mathematician and physicist Peter Barlow (1776–1862).

(optics, astronomy) A diverging lens which, used in series with other optics in an optical system, increases the effective focal length of an optical system as perceived by all components that are after it in the system.

Barlow lens
Peter Barlow (mathematician)


A&A

1. Aoki, W., Tsuji, T., and Ohnaka, K. A&A, 333, L19, 1998.
2. Aoki, W., Tsuji, T., and Ohnaka, K. A&A, 350, 945, 1999.
[…]
4. Bachiller, R., Forveille, T., Huggins, P. J., and Cox, P. A&A, 324, 1123, 1997.

2004, Harm J. Habing, Hans Olofsson, editors, Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars, Springer, →ISBN, page &pg=PA402&dq=%22A%26A%22 402:

Astronomy and Astrophysics
w:Astronomy and Astrophysics

(astronomy, astrophysics) Initialism of Astronomy and Astrophysics: a scientific journal founded in 1969, covering theoretical, observational, and instrumental astronomy and astrophysics.


CGB

(uncountable, astronomy, cosmology, astrophysics) Abbreviation of cosmic gravitational-wave background.


esteropeptidase

(biochemistry, in combination) A peptidase that cleaves a polypeptide at a specific peptide ester linkage


cosmic gravitational-wave background

cosmic gravitational-wave background (uncountable)

The stochastic background of gravitational waves produced during the creation of the universe.


gravitational wave background

gravitational wave background (uncountable)

Ellipsis of cosmic gravitational-wave background.


FQHE

fractional quantum Hall effect
w:fractional quantum Hall effect

(physics) Initialism of fractional quantum Hall effect.


exoamylase

exoamylase (countable and uncountable, plural exoamylases)

(biochemistry) An amylase that hydrolyses glycosidic bonds near an end of the polysaccharide


megasynthetase

(biochemistry) Any large, complex synthetase


prespacetime

(physics) Prior to the existence of spacetime


galacturonosidase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of a galacturonide


Planck acceleration

Planck acceleration (plural Planck accelerations)

(physics) The acceleration from rest to the speed of light in one Planck time.


Planck mass

(physics) The unit of mass in the system of Planck units, defined as: m_P=√≈2.1765×10⁻⁸ mbox kg


endopolyphosphatase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of a polyphosphate to an oligophosphate


holocellulase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that hydrolyses and breaks down holocellulose


transformylase

(biochemistry) Synonym of formyltransferase


Planck momentum

Planck momentum (plural Planck momentums)

(physics) The momentum of one Planck mass traveling at the speed of light:P_P=√≈6.525 mbox Ns.


kilolight

I said slowly: “I must be making a megalight, or more, an hour. At this rate the journey will take about two weeks—” “Yes,” Lipsey said. “We think the Xeelee have a range of hyperdrive capabilities. The standard intragalactic version is limited to a kilolight an hour, ...

2016, Stephen Baxter, Xeelee Sequence, Hachette UK, →ISBN:

(science fiction) a unit of distance equal to one thousand light-years; a kilolight-year


light hour

(astronomy, physics) A unit of length equal to the distance light travels in one hour


ringularity

An annular cosmic singularity, a ring with zero thickness and infinite density.


ring singularity

ring singularity (plural ring singularities)


ferricatalase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme (such as catalase itself) that contains at least one reactive iron atom


polyadenylribosylpolymerase

From poly- + adenyl + ribosyl + polymerase.


reprolysin

(biochemistry) A group of metalloproteases, that contains zinc, found in some snake venom


sulfhydrylase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses a reaction with hydrogen sulfide to form a sulfhydryl group


amylosucrase

amylosucrase (countable and uncountable, plural amylosucrases)

(biochemistry) An enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of sucrose, the released glucose moiety being added to a glycan


glucanotransferase

(biochemistry) Any transferase that catalyses the transfer of (part of) a glucan


pancrease

(biochemistry) Any of several digestive enzymes found in the pancreas.


noncolligatively

From non- + colligatively or noncolligative + -ly.

(chemistry, physics) In a noncolligative manner


deoxyribozyme

(biochemistry) Any catalytic form of DNA, most of which act as enzymes that cleave RNA


mode locking

(physics) The use of mode-locked lasers to generate ultrashort pulses of light.


lipoproteinase

From lipo- + proteinase or lipoprotein + -ase.

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of a lipoprotein to form a lipid and a protein


oligoribonuclease

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that hydrolyses oligoribonucleotides


polyphosphatase

From poly- + phosphatase or polyphosphate + -ase.

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that hydrolyses polyphosphates


dorfin

(biochemistry) A particular ubiquitin ligase


axotropin

(biochemistry) A ubiquitin ligase associated with gene expression


carboligase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that catalyses a carboligation (decarboxylation and ligation) reaction


chaotrope

(physical chemistry) A chaotropic solute


chronostasis

From chrono- (prefix meaning ‘time’) + -stasis (suffix meaning ‘slowing down, stopping’).

confix

(optics) A visual illusion in which a regular movement seems to pause the first time it is observed.


glycerophosphotransferase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the transfer of a glycerophosphate group


lipoyltransferase

(biochemistry) A transferase that transfers lipoic acid to proteins


hydroperoxidase

(biochemistry) Any oxidoreductase that employs hydrogen peroxide

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that reduces a peroxide to an alcohol


staphopain

(biochemistry) Any of a family of endopeptidases present in Staphylococcus


thermonuclease

(biochemistry) Any thermostable nuclease


arabinosidase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of a arabinoside


falcipain

(biochemistry) Any of a family of proteases found in papaya


glutenase

(biochemistry) Any protease that hydrolyses gluten


resolvance

en-noun

resolvance (countable and uncountable, plural resolvances)

(optics) The resolving power of a lens or device


propagon

(physics) A vibrational mode that propagates as a plane wave


restrictase

(biochemistry) Any endonuclease that cleaves DNA at restriction sites


p-brane

(physics) A p-dimensional brane, where p is any whole number.


autoprotease

(biochemistry) A protease that hydrolyses peptide bonds within its own molecule, typically releasing a specific amino acid sequence


denitroxylase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the removal of nitric oxide moieties


dihydratase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses two hydrolysis reactions


radioadaptive

Relating to the effect of small doses of radiation on cells that protect them from later, larger doses


hepsin

(biochemistry) A membrane-associated serine peptidase that plays a role in cell growth


isochorismatase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of isochorismate


adenosylhomocysteinase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that hydrolyses adenosylhomocysteine to homocysteine and adenosine


onconase

(biochemistry) An antitumor ribonuclease proposed for use in chemotherapy


papainase

(biochemistry) An endopeptidase present in papaya


radiobinding

The binding of radioisotopes (to a substrate)


chemoradiosensitivity

sensitivity to damage by chemicals or by ionizing radiation


chemoradioresistance

resistance to damage by chemicals or by ionizing radiation


Planck force

(physics) The unit of force in the system of Planck units, equal to the amount of force required to accelerate one Planck mass by one Planck acceleration: F_P=(c⁴)/G≈1.21×10⁴⁴ mbox N


methyloxidase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the oxidation of a methyl group (typically -CH₃ => -CH₂OH)


radioiodinate

en-verb

radioiodinate (third-person singular simple present radioiodinates, present participle radioiodinating, simple past and past participle radioiodinated)

radioiodinates (present singular third-person)
radioiodinating (participle present)
radioiodinated (participle past)
radioiodinated (past)

From radio- + iodinate, after radioiodine.

(transitive, chemistry, medicine) To treat (a substance) with radioiodine.


ovochymase

Xenopus laevis
Xenopus laevis#Translingual

(biochemistry) A protease, similar to chymotrypsin, released during Xenopus laevis egg activation


Planck power

(physics) The unit of power in the system of Planck units, equal to transferring one Planck energy in one Planck time: P_p=(c⁵)/G≈3.628×10⁵² mbox W


Planck density

en-noun

Planck density (plural Planck densities)

(physics) The unit of density in the system of Planck units, equal to one Planck mass in one Planck volume.


Planck pressure

Planck pressure (plural Planck pressures)

(physics) The unit of pressure in the system of Planck units, equal to one Planck force in one Planck area (or one Planck energy in one Planck volume): p_p=(c⁷)/(hbar G²)≈4.633×10¹¹³ mbox Pa.


driselase

(biochemistry) A commercial mixture of cellulase, hemicellulase, pectinase etc used to remove plant cell walls


Planck current

(physics) An electric current flowing at a rate of one Planck charge per Planck time: I_p=√≈3.479×10²⁵ mbox A.


Planck frequency

Planck frequency (plural Planck frequencies)

(physics) A repeating event that occurs once every Planck time, with a frequency of F_p=1/(2π)√=E_P/h≈2.952×10⁴² mbox Hz. this frequency is said to be the upper bound for the frequency of an electromagnetic ray or cosmic rays.


Planck charge

(physics) One of the base units in the system of Planck units, equal to an electric charge of:q_p=√≈1.875×10⁻¹⁸ mbox C


Planck voltage

(physics) The voltage between two points that use one Planck energy for every Planck charge that passes through: V_p=√≈1.043×10²⁷ mbox V


Planck angular frequency

Planck angular frequency (plural Planck angular frequencies)

(physics) An angular frequency of one radian per Planck time.


glycoprotease

(biochemistry) A protease that hydrolyses glycoproteins


sialoglycoprotease

(biochemistry) A protease that hydrolyses sialoglycoproteins


radiosequencing

(genetics) sequencing with the aid of a radioactive tracer


mucinase

The enzyme elaborated by Clostridium perfringens, which we have designated mucinase, hydrolyzes synovial fluid mucin in two stages.

1940 January 20, William van B. Robertson, Marian W. Ropes, Walter Bauer, “Mucinase: a Bacterial Enzyme which Hydrolyzes Synovial Fluid Mucin and other Mucins”, in Journal of Biological Chemistry:

(biochemistry) A lyase that hydrolyses mucins


deepoxidase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses a deepoxidation reaction


dethiolase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses a dethiolation reaction


mycolyltransferase

(biochemistry) Any transferase that transfers mycolyl groups


proof plane

A small conductor attached to an insulated handle used to transfer electrical charge to a measuring instrument.


phosphodehydrogenase

(biochemistry) Any dehydrogenase that acts on a phosphate (such as glucose-6-phosphate)


pyrazinamidase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that converts the prodrug pyrazinamide to the active form pyrazinoic acid


retrotransposase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses retrotransposition


aleurain

(biochemistry) A protease, found in barley, related to cathepsin


esculinase

(biochemistry) A glucosidase that hydrolyses esculin


glycoenzyme

(biochemistry) Any enzyme responsible for the biosynthesis of glycans and glycoconjugates


glycerokinase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate from ATP to glycerol


hemoxygenase

hemoxygenase (countable and uncountable, plural hemoxygenases)

(biochemistry) An enzyme that degrades heme to produce biliverdin, ferrous iron, and carbon monoxide.


phosphohexomutase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyzes the interconversion of isomers of hexose phosphates


tweenase

Seems to be connected with Tween, a brand name for polysorbates.

(biochemistry) Triacylglycerol lipase; a lipase that hydrolyses a triglyceride to form a 1,3-diglyceride.


hypsochromically

en-adv

hypsochromically (comparative more hypsochromically, superlative most hypsochromically)

more hypsochromically (comparative)
most hypsochromically (superlative)


cyanase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that catalyses the conversion of cyanate to carbamate


desulfurylase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the removal of a sulfate group


Copenhagenist

The Copenhagenist is relaxed on the first question but strict on the second, whereas the Popperian is relaxed on both questions.

1986, Robert G. Colodny, From Quarks to Quasars: Philosophical Problems of Modern Physics:

At this point it might be noted that Copenhagenists are sometimes characterized as hard-nosed positivists who renounce all physical ontologies for QT except sense data.

2009, Salvator Cannavo, Quantum Theory: A Philosopher's Overview, page 53:

(physics) One who believes in the Copenhagen interpretation.


falcilysin

Plasmodium falciparum
Plasmodium falciparum#Translingual

(biochemistry) A metalloprotease present in the protozoan malaria-causing parastie Plasmodium falciparum


heptosyltransferase

(biochemistry) Any transferase that transfers heptose groups


leukolysin

(biochemistry) A metalloproteinase present in leukocytes


octanoyltransferase

(biochemistry) Any transferase that transfers octanoyl groups


stereoanomaly

en-noun

stereoanomaly (countable and uncountable, plural stereoanomalies)


aminotranspeptidase

(biochemistry) Any transpeptidase that catalyzes the transfer of an amino group


alkylhydroperoxidase

(biochemistry) Any hydroperoxidase that reduces an alkyl peroxide to the corresponding alcohol


exophosphatase

(biochemistry) Any phosphatase that hydrolyses polyphosphate from the end of its chain


magnetofluorescent

(physics) That exhibits magnetofluorescence


magnetofluorescence

(physics) fluorescence when in a magnetic field


quercetinase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme, typically a dioxygenase, that breaks down quercetin.


staphylocoagulase

Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus aureus#Translingual

(biochemistry) An enzyme, secreted by the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus, that causes clotting of the blood


uroplasminogen

(biochemistry) urokinase when active against plasminogen


cellodextrinase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of a cellodextrin


microperoxidase

(biochemistry) Any very small peroxidase, but especially any of the oligopeptides formed by cleavage of cytochrome


photostimulate

en-verb

photostimulate (third-person singular simple present photostimulates, present participle photostimulating, simple past and past participle photostimulated)

photostimulates (present singular third-person)
photostimulating (participle present)
photostimulated (participle past)
photostimulated (past)

(chemistry, physics) To stimulate by means of light


fucosylase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that removes fucosyl groups


Planck velocity

en-noun

Planck velocity (plural Planck velocities)


cystathioninase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that cleaves cystathione to produce cystein and α-ketobutyrate


dideoxygenase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyzes a dideoxygenation reaction


diphosphorylase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyzes a diphosphorylation recation


enhancin

(biochemistry) A metalloprotease that enhances nucleopolyhedrovirus infection


monoesterase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of a phosphate monoester


deoxynucleotidylexotransferase

(biochemistry) An exotransferase that transfers deoxynucleotidyl groups


laminarinase

laminarinase (countable and uncountable, plural laminarinases)

(biochemistry) An enzyme that hydrolyses the glucan laminarin


isoquinolinium

isoquinolinium (countable and uncountable, plural isoquinoliniums)

From iso- + quinolinium or isoquinoline + -ium.

(organic chemistry) The cation formed by protonation of an isoquinoline


arginyltransferase

(biochemistry) A transferase that transfers an arginyl group, typically to a protein


dicarboxylase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyzes a dicarboxylation reaction


phosphomutase

(biochemistry) Any mutase that acts on phosphate groups


adamalysin

adamalysin (countable and uncountable, plural adamalysins)

(biochemistry) A zinc metalloproteinase present in the venom of rattlesnakes (Crotalus adamanteus)


ASS

argininosuccinate synthase
argininosuccinate synthase#English

(biochemistry) Initialism of argininosuccinate synthase.


fragilysin

(biochemistry) A particular zinc metalloprotease


lattice theory

lattice theory (countable and uncountable, plural lattice theories)

(physics, countable and uncountable) A lattice model, a mathematical model based on a lattice (discrete subgroup of Rⁿ); the study of such models.

1981, J. Greensite, B. Lautrup, First-Order Phase Transitions in Four-Dimensional SO(3) Lattice Gauge Theory, in Physical Review Letters, Republished in 1983, Claudio Rebbi (editor), Lattice Gauge Theories and Monte Carlo Simulations, World Scientific, page 472,
It is natural to think that the absence of phase transitions in the SU(2) theory can be generalized to lattice theories with any continuous non-Abelian gauge group.

lattice gauge theory
lattice gauge theory

(particle physics, countable and uncountable) (A) lattice gauge theory.


proteon

(physics) Any composite particle composed of two fermions


exochitinase

(biochemistry) Any chitinase that cleaves a chitin molecule at a terminal position


hevamine

Hevea brasiliensis
Hevea brasiliensis#Translingual

(biochemistry) A chitinase present in the rubber tree Hevea brasiliensis


polyadenylase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that degrades polyadenylate


endohemicellulase

(biochemistry) Any hemicellulase that hydrolyses hemicellulose from the ends rather than in the middle


endoisopeptidase

(biochemistry) Any isopeptidase that works specifically at the terminal position


deSUMOylase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that removes a SUMO protein from its target


bothrombin

(biochemistry) A thrombin present in the venom of the pit viper Bothrops jararaca.


Bingham plastic

Bingham plastic (plural Bingham plastics)

Named after Eugene C. Bingham who proposed its mathematical form.

A viscoplastic material that behaves like a rigid solid when under low stress, but flows like a viscous fluid when under high stress (for example, toothpaste or mayonnaise).


jararacussin

(biochemistry) A fibrinogen-clotting enzyme in the venom of the pit viper Bothrops jararacussu


rhinocerase

(biochemistry) A serine protease isolated from the Gaboon viper Bitis rhinoceros (syn. of Bitis gabonica).


tryparedoxin

(biochemistry) Any of a group of oxidoreductases present in trypanosomatids


carboanhydrase

carboanhydrase (countable and uncountable, plural carboanhydrases)

carbonic anhydrase
carbonic anhydrase#English

(biochemistry) Synonym of carbonic anhydrase


parvulin

(biochemistry) A small enzyme that catalyses the cis-trans isomerisation of proline peptide bonds.


aldoketoreductase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the reduction of the carbonyl group of aldehydes or ketones


fusase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the fusion (dimerization) of protein molecules


uninterruptible power supply

uninterruptible power supply (plural uninterruptible power supplies)

Examples of emergency power supplies include a storage battery or group of batteries, a generator driven by a fuel-supplied prime mover, or an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) […].

2009, Geoff Craighead, High-Rise Security and Fire Life Safety, page 357:

This upgrade comes after the installation of a $50,000 uninterruptible power supply system to compliment the facilities independent power supply.

electrical engineering
electrical engineering

(electrical engineering) A device or system that almost instantaneously provides emergency power in the case that main power fails.


achromopeptidase

(biochemistry) A lysyl endopeptidase from the bacteria Chromobacter lyticus


bicyclase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses two cyclization reactions (typically at both ends of a carotenoid such as lycopene)


monocyclase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses a single cyclization reaction (typically at one end of a carotenoid such as lycopene)


antiquitin

(biochemistry) A dehydrogenase that acts upon aminoadipic semialdehyde in the catabolism of lysine


chitobiase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that hydrolyses chitobiose


endotransglycosidase

(biochemistry) Any transglycosidase in which the sugar is moved from the terminal position of a polysaccharide


pseudoatom

(physics, chemistry) A delocalised cluster of electrons that takes the place of an atom in some structures


alveolin

alveolin (countable and uncountable, plural alveolins)

(biochemistry) A type of protease similar to astacin


crosstide

(biochemistry) A peptide related to glycogen synthase kinase


ergonal

en-adj

ergonal (comparative more ergonal, superlative most ergonal)

more ergonal (comparative)
most ergonal (superlative)

From ergon (“work”) + -al (“pertaining to”), in analogy to thermal (“pertaining to heat”), coined by John Tyndall as "thermal and ergonal content" (1867, p. 357) in the translation of Rudolf Clausius' phrase Wärme- und Werkinhalt (1865).

(thermodynamics) pertaining to mechanical work


atmolytic

(physical chemistry) Relating to atmolysis.


mutarotase

(biochemistry) An epimerase that catalyses a mutarotation


ribosylase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that catalyses ribosylation.


aspartoacylase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that catalyses the deacylation of acetyl-aspartate


guanyltransferase

(biochemistry) Any transferase that transfers a guanyl group


quasiatomic

(physics) Having some atomic characteristics


butyryltransferase

(biochemistry) Any transferase that catalyses the transfer of a butyryl group


nagalase

(biochemistry) The enzyme N-acetylgalactosaminidase


blockface

scanning electron microscopy
scanning electron microscopy

(microscopy) The side of a resin block containing a sample, used in some forms of scanning electron microscopy.


hydroxyperoxidase

(biochemistry) Synonym of hydroperoxidase


hypermutase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses hypermutation


iminohydrolase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of an imine


metalloisopeptidase

(biochemistry) Any isopeptidase that is a metalloenzyme


prorenalase

(biochemistry) A precursor protein that becomes renalase when activated


interferase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that interferes with a biochemical process


mesotrypsin

(biochemistry) A trypsin isoform which is resistance to natural trypsin inhibitors


feruloyltransferase

(biochemistry) Any transferase that transfers a feruloyl group


trehalohydrolase

(biochemistry) A hydrolase that catalyses the hydrolysis of trehalose


clashscore

(physical chemistry, of a molecular model) A numerical indication of how many pairs of atoms are unusually close together


metallophosphohydrolase

(biochemistry) A metalloenzyme form of phosphohydrolase


glycoamidase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that hydrolyses the amide link of a glycosamide


exosortase

(biochemistry) Any of a group of bacterial enzymes that are associated with protein sorting


exosulfatase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that removes sulfate groups from the ends of carbohydrate sulfates


autoactivator

(biochemistry) An enzyme involved in autoactivation


heterocyclase

(biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyses the formation of a heterocycle


oxoprolinase

(biochemistry) An enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of oxoproline