Acadian

First attested in 1705. From Acadia + -n (“one that is”).

The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles

Oxford University Press
w:Oxford University Press

A native of Acadia or their descendants who moved to Louisiana; a Cajun.

(Canada) A descendant of the settlers of the French colony of Acadia in current eastern Canada. More specifically a speaker of Acadian French.


Acadian

In many places, Acadian has been supplanted by English and by Standard French.

(rare) Ellipsis of Acadian French.: the form of French spoken in Acadia.

The Burgess Shale contains fossils of very odd organisms that lived during the Acadian.

(geology) The Middle Cambrian epoch, lasting from 497 million years ago to 509 million years ago.


Irish

From Middle English Irish (12th c.), from Old English *Īrisċ, from Old English Īras (“Irishmen”), from Old Norse Írar, from Old Irish Ériu (modern Irish Éire (“Ireland”)), further origin heavily debated but probably from Proto-Celtic *Φīweriyū (“fat land, fertile”), from Proto-Indo-European *péyh₂wr̥ (“fat, swelling”), from *peyh₂- (“to swell; to be fat”), akin to Ancient Greek πίειρα (píeira, “fertile land”), Sanskrit पीवरी (pīvarī, “fat”).

cog

Irish is the first official and national language of Ireland.

(uncountable) The Gaelic language indigenous to Ireland, also known as Irish Gaelic.

A female given name of chiefly Philippine usage.


Irish

en-adj

Irish (comparative more Irish, superlative most Irish)

more Irish (comparative)
most Irish (superlative)


Zuni

From earlier Zuñi, from American Spanish, from Acoma Western Keres sɨ̂‧ni or a cognate thereof.

A member of a Native American Pueblo people, native to the Zuni River valley.


Albanian

Caucasian Albanian
Caucasian Albanian#English


Albanian

en-noun

Albanian (countable and uncountable, plural Albanians)

The Albanians honored old-age in all men, death in none, accounting it vnlawfull to mention a dead man; with whom they alſo buried his wealth.

1613, Samuel Purchas, “[Asia.] Of Armenia Maior, and Georgia: and the neighbouring Nations.”, in Purchas His Pilgrimage. Or Relations of the World and the Religions Observed in All Ages and Places Discouered, from the Creation vnto this Present. […], London: […] William Stansby for Henrie Fetherstone, […], →OCLC, book IV (Of the Armenians, Medes, Persians, Parthians, Scythians, Tartarians, Chinois, and of Their Religions), page 291:


Afghan

/ˈæf(ˌ)ɡɑːn/

Borrowed from Classical Persian افغان (afğān, “Afghan”), from Bactrian αβαγανο (abagano), first attested in the fourth century CE, most likely a compound of *apāka- (“distant, faraway”), from Proto-Iranian *Hapá, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hapá (“away”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó + *-āna (“ethnic group”), from Proto-Indo-European *-nós, thus: "people from a distant land". Various scholars have proposed Sanskrit etymologies since the nineteenth century (especially prior to the 2007 publication of earlier Bactrian attestations for the word), but linguist Johnny Cheung notes that these are "extremely difficult to reconcile" with recent evidence pointing to a Bactrian source.

bor+

(historical) A person of Pashtun ethnicity.


Afghan

/ˈæf(ˌ)ɡɑːn/

Pashto, a language primarily spoken by Pashtun people in Afghanistan and northwestern Pakistan.


Afghan

/ˈæf(ˌ)ɡɑːn/

Of, from, or pertaining to the Pashtun ethnic community.


Dutch

→ Hindi: डच (ḍac)

PIE word
 *tewtéh₂
Derived from Middle English Duch (“German, Low German, Dutch”), from Middle Low German dütsch, düdesch (“German, Low German, Dutch”) and Middle Dutch dūtsch, duutsc (“German, Low German, Dutch”), from Proto-West Germanic *þiudisk, from Proto-Germanic *þiudiskaz (“of one’s people”), derived from *þeudō (“people”), from Proto-Indo-European *tewtéh₂. Doublet of Deutsch and Doitsu.
Compare Middle English thedisch (“native, endemic”) from Old English þēodisċ (“of one’s people”), Old Saxon thiudisk (German Low German düütsch (“German”)), Old High German diutisc (modern German deutsch (“German”)), modern Dutch Duits (“German”) alongside elevated Diets (“Dutch”) (a secondary distinction, fully accepted only in the 19th century). See also Derrick, Teuton, Teutonic.
The pejorative senses (Dutch courage, Dutch wife, Dutch uncle, etc.) are said to stem from the Anglo-Dutch Wars and the accompanying rivalry.

cog

A male given name, more often given as a nickname to someone of Dutch or German ancestry than as an official given name


Catalan

From Middle English Catalane, from French Catalan, from Spanish catalán, from Catalan Catalunya.

For quotations using this term, see Citations:Catalan.

The Romance language of Catalonia, an autonomous region in the northeast of Spain, also spoken in the Valencian autonomous region (where the language is officially named valencià), the Balearic Islands, Andorra, Roussillon in France, and the Sardinian city of Alghero.

కాటలాన్ భాషా

kāṭalān bhāṣā


Frisian

From Middle English Frisoun, taken from Old French frison (“a Frisian”), itself derived from Latin Frīsiī (“Frisians”). Displaced native Old English Frīsa (“a Frisian”); see the plural Frīsan for more.

In the province of Friesland, in the north of the Netherlands, a high percentage of the population, about 350000, speak Frisian as their first language.

1998, Colin Baker, Sylvia Prys Jones, Encyclopedia of bilingualism and bilingual education, page 405:

This means that full competence in both Frisian and Dutch (ie understanding, speaking, reading and writing ability) is aimed at all pupils in the province, whether they speak Frisian or Dutch at home.

2000, Jasone Cenoz, Ulrike Jessner, English in Europe: the acquisition of a third language, page 223:

Many Frisians speak Frisian at home and Dutch at work.

2005, Pat Seward, Sunandini Arora Lal, Netherlands, page 89:

A Germanic language group or language (see Usage notes), or a lect thereof, which descended from Old Frisian, with speakers in the Netherlands, Germany and Denmark.

(specifically) The West Frisian (or Western Frisian) lect, spoken in the northern Netherlands.

(specifically) Saterland Frisian, the last surviving dialect of the East Frisian lect, spoken in Northern Germany close to the Dutch border.

(specifically) The North Frisian lect, spoken in northwestern Schleswig-Holstein in Germany.


Slovak

From Slovak Slovák (“Slovak”), from a shortening of Proto-Slavic *slověninъ (“Slav”) + -ák. Related to Slovene.

Of, from, or pertaining to Slovakia, the Slovak people or the Slovak language.


Slovak

en-noun

Slovak (countable and uncountable, plural Slovaks)

(countable) A person from Slovakia or of Slovak descent.

(uncountable) The Slavic language of Slovakia.


Welsh

From Middle English Walsch, Welische, from Old English wīelisċ (“Briton; Roman; Celt”), from Proto-West Germanic *walhisk, from Proto-Germanic *walhiskaz (“Celt; later Roman”), from *walhaz (“Celt, Roman”) (compare Old English wealh), from the name of the Gaulish tribe, the Volcae (recorded only in Latin contexts).
This word was borrowed from Germanic into Slavic (compare Old Church Slavonic Влахъ (Vlaxŭ, “Vlachs, Romanians”), Byzantine Greek Βλάχος (Blákhos)).
Doublet of Vellish. Compare Walloon, walnut, Vlach, Walach, Gaul, Cornwall.

cog

en:of or pertaining to Wales, a country within the UK


Welsh

en-noun

Welsh (countable and uncountable, plural Welsh)

9 minutes to 2. We just stopped to have our horses' mouths washed, and there all people spoke welsh.

1832, Queen Victoria, journal, 6 Aug 1832


Welsh

A town in Louisiana, United States, named for early landowner Henry Welsh.

An unincorporated community in Ohio, United States, named for an early settler.


Slovene

From German Slowene, from Slovene Slovenec. Related to Slovak.

Of or pertaining to Slovenia, the Slovenes or the Slovene language.


Italian

Italian (countable and uncountable, plural Italians)

From Middle English Italian, from Medieval Latin Italiānus, from Latin Italia (“Italy”).

(uncountable) The official language of Italy, also spoken in San Marino, the Vatican, and parts of Argentina, Slovenia and Switzerland.


Spaniard

From Middle English Spaignarde, from Old French Espaignard, from Espaigne. Equivalent to Spain + -ard.

A person from Spain or of Spanish descent.


Hungarian

/hʌŋˈɡɛə.ɹi.ən/

Of, from, or pertaining to present-day Hungary, the ethnic Hungarian people or the Hungarian language.

Of, from, or pertaining to the Kingdom of Hungary, during the days of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, regardless of ethnicity.


Hungarian

Hungarian (countable and uncountable, plural Hungarians)

/hʌŋˈɡɛə.ɹi.ən/

A person from the former Kingdom of Hungary, during the Austro-Hungarian Empire, regardless of that person's ethnicity.


Korean

(countable) A native or resident in North Korea or South Korea, or a person of Korean descent.


Portuguese

en-adj

Portuguese (comparative more Portuguese, superlative most Portuguese)

more Portuguese (comparative)
most Portuguese (superlative)

/ˌpɔː.t͡ʃəˈɡiːz/

Portugees

of or relating to the region of Portugal

Portugees

of or relating to the people of Portugal

Portuguese verbs

The latter feature indicates that a Portuguese consonant cannot constitute the nucleus of a syllable.

1981, Milton Mariano Azevedo, A Contrastive Phonology of Portuguese and English, page 31:

Of or pertaining to the Portuguese language.

Portugees

of or relating to the Portuguese language


Portuguese

en-noun

Portuguese (plural Portuguese or (archaic) Portugueses)

Portuguese (plural)
Portugueses (archaic plural)

/ˌpɔː.t͡ʃəˈɡiːz/

[…] but so close lay the boats that even single hooks snarled, and Harvey found himself in hot argument with a gentle, hairy Newfoundlander on one side and a howling Portuguese on the other.

1897, Rudyard Kipling, Captains Courageous:

With a view to securing its more efficient working, a Portuguese was placed in charge of the entire department as Vidane.

1920, Paulus Edward Pieris, Ceylon and the Portuguese, 1505-1658, page 184:

Beresford required all materials for coatees, waistcoats and pantaloons to be sent out unmade, as the Portuguese were perfectly capable of making the suits up properly after delivery.

2000, René Chartrand, Bill Younghusband, The Portuguese Army of the Napoleonic Wars, volume 1, page 23:

(chiefly in the plural) A person native to, or living in, Portugal.


Portuguese

/ˌpɔː.t͡ʃəˈɡiːz/

Portuguese, however, is slightly different from Catalan, Spanish, and Romanian in that there is no strict adjacency requirement between wh-words and the verbal cluster in indirect questions.

2000, João Costa, Portuguese Syntax: new comparative studies, page 65:

Overall it is Taipa (which means mudflats in Portuguese and its Cantonese name Tam-zai also means mud flats) that has changed the most through reclamation followed by the east coast of the Macau Peninsula.

2001, Richard Louis Edmonds, William John Kyle, “Land Use in Macau: Changes between 1972 and 1994”, in Arthur H. Chen, editor, Culture of Metropolis in Macau: An International Symposium on Cultural Heritage: Strategies for the Twenty-first Century, Cultural Affairs Bureau [文化局], →ISBN, →OCLC, page 255, column 2:

A Romance language originating in Portugal, and now the official language of Portugal, Angola, Mozambique, São Tomé and Príncipe, Guiné Bissau (Guinea-Bissau), Cape Verde, East Timor, and Brazil.


Japanese

/ˌd͡ʒæpəˈniːz/

From Japan + -ese after the model of earlier Portuguese japonês, New Latin japonensis, French japonais, etc.

I’ve been studying Japanese for three years, and I still can’t order pizza in Tokyo!

A language that is primarily spoken in East Asia and is the official language of Japan.

જાપાની ભાષા

jāpānī bhāṣā

जापानी भाषा

jāpānī bhāṣā


German

/ˈd͡ʒɜː.mən/

From Latin Germānus, Germānī (“the peoples of Germānia”), as distinct from Gauls (in the writings of Caesar and Tacitus), and of uncertain ultimate origin (possibly Celtic/Gaulish).
Not related to german (“closely related”) or germane (from the Latin adjective germānus, through Old French).
Attested since at least 1520. Replaced the older terms Almain and Dutch (from Proto-Germanic *þiudiskaz) in English. Besides cognates of German, Almain, and Dutch, two other categories of words for the Germans in other languages are cognates of Saxon and descendants of Proto-Slavic *němьcь; see those entries for more.
The surname is generally from the noun, though sometimes confused with Herman, Hermann under Russian influence. As a German surname, Americanized from Germann. Compare Germán, Germain, Jerman.

A number of townships in the United States, listed under German Township.


Greek

en-proper noun

Greek (countable and uncountable, plural Greeks)

Inherited from Old English Grēcas (“Greeks”), variant of Crēcas, from Proto-West Germanic *Krēkō, from Latin Graecus of uncertain origin, perhaps derived from the toponym Γραῖα (Graîa) or from other Paleo-Balkanic forms from a tribal name Graii.
Greek in any case has the cognate Γραικός (Graikós), the mythological ancestor of the Γραίοι (Graíoi, “Graecians”). Germanic cognates include Dutch Griek, German Grieche. The ⟨g⟩ in English and Germanic cognates was restored under influence from French grec and classical Latin Graecus. The adjective dates to 14th-century Middle English, replacing Old English Grēċisċ (“Greekish”) and earlier Middle English Gregeis. In reference to fraternities and sororities, a clipping of earlier Greek-letter in reference to their usual names being initialisms of mottos in the Greek language. In reference to terms used to analysize financial derivatives, from their usual names consisting of Greek letters.

inh+

The language spoken by people of Greece, particularly, depending on context, Ancient Greek or Modern Greek.


Czech

From Polish Czech, from Czech Čech, ultimately a variation and contraction of Proto-Slavic *čelověkъ (“human”).

She's from Czech, Croatia, or somewhere over there. The ill thing is that we always come together when we're drunk, but half way through our drunken talks, she always gets mad at something and leaves.

2008, George Stowers, Straight Up, No Sippin': Memoirs of Life and Work Onboard Mega Cruise Ships, →ISBN, page 325:

A whole array of companies and consultants are found travelling to Croatia or Czech or China, to extol the latest virtues of electioneering, perhaps via the UK Westminster Foundation for Democracy, […]

2009, Jennifer Lees-Marshment, Political Marketing: Principles and Applications, Routledge, →ISBN, page 237:

(nonstandard) The Czech Republic (Czechia).


Chinese

/ˌt͡ʃʌɪˈniz/

/ˈt͡ʃʌɪˌniz/

[ˌt͡ʃəɪˈniːz]

[ˈt͡ʃəɪˌniˑz]

From China + -ese under influence of Portuguese chinês, replacing older Chinish. Doublet of chinois. In its orientalist sense of "generically exotic, backwards, or poorly organized", sometimes a deliberate marketing strategy to increase sales, as with the German Chinese checkers. In its sense related to the orientation of stage lighting's barn doors, a reference to a supposed resemblance to East Asian eyes.

The Chinese are present in all parts of the world.

(uncountable, collective) The Han Chinese, whether in China or overseas.

the people of China — see also Han Chinese, overseas Chinese


Galician

en-noun

Galician (countable and uncountable, plural Galicians)

From Galicia (“region in northwest Spain”) + -an.

suffix

Rosalia de Castro became a crucial element in this early nationalist cultural campaign: she spoke Galician as her first language and she was literate, educated, and sympathetic to the group's progressive aims.

1998, Catherine Davies, Spanish Women's Writing, 1849-1996, page 63:

(uncountable) The language of Galicia; a Romance language spoken in the northwestern corner of the Iberian peninsula.


Thai

en-adj

Thai (comparative more Thai, superlative most Thai)

more Thai (comparative)
most Thai (superlative)

Borrowed from Thai ไทย (tai). Doublet of Tai and Dai.


Thai

en-noun

Thai (countable and uncountable, plural Thai or Thais)

The Bangkok government indicated real concern over the developments in Communist China’s Yunnan province. Thai officials were afraid that Sibsongpanna would be a center where pro-Communist Thai in Southeast Asia would go and where subversive agitation could be directed against outside legitimate governments.

1958, Russell H. Fifield, The Diplomacy of Southeast Asia: 1945-1958, New York: Harper & Brothers, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 263:

(countable) A person living in or coming from Thailand.

(uncountable) The main language spoken in Thailand (closely related to Lao).

(uncountable) Thai cuisine; traditional Thai food.


Norwegian

Norwegian (countable and uncountable, plural Norwegians)

From Medieval Latin Norvegia (from Old Norse Norvegr (“Norway”)) + -an, with v replaced by w due to influence from earlier English Norwayan (“Norwegian”).

A kind of fishing boat on the Great Lakes of North America.


Afrikaans

/ˌɑːfɹɪˈkɑːnz/

From Afrikaans Afrikaans or Dutch Afrikaans.

A Germanic language descending from Dutch; the primary language of the descendants of Dutch and other European settlers, as well as many mixed-race (e.g. Rehoboth Basters) living in South Africa and in Namibia. Also, one of the eleven official languages of South Africa and until 1990 one of three official languages of Namibia.


English

en-prop

English (countable and uncountable, plural Englishes)

English (surname)
English#Places in the United States

From Middle English Englisch, English, Inglis, from Old English Englisċ (“of the Angles; English”), from Engle (“the Angles”), a Germanic tribe + -isċ; equivalent to Engle + -ish. Compare West Frisian Ingelsk, Scots Inglis (older ynglis), Dutch Engels, Danish engelsk, Old French Englesche (whence French anglais), German englisch, Spanish inglés, all ultimately derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₂enǵʰ- (“narrow”) (compare Sanskrit अंहु (áṃhu, “narrow”), अंहस् (áṃhas, “anxiety, sin”), Latin angustus (“narrow”), Old Church Slavonic ѫзъкъ (ǫzŭkŭ, “narrow”)).

cog

A number of places in the United States:

An unincorporated community in Brazoria County, Texas.

Red River County
Red River County#English

An unincorporated community in Red River County, Texas.


French

en-prop

French (countable and uncountable, plural Frenches)

desc

⇒ American Sign Language: 9@InsideNeckhigh-PalmDown 9@SideNeckhigh-PalmUp

→ Choctaw: Filanchi

→ Punjabi: ਫ਼੍ਰੈਂਚ (fraiñc)

→ Zulu: isiFulentshi

Inherited from Middle English Frenche, Frensch, Frensc, Frenshe, Frenk, Franche, from Old English Frenċisċ (“Frankish, French”), from Proto-West Germanic *Frankisk (“Frankish”), equivalent to Frank + -ish (compare Frankish). Cognate with Middle Low German vranksch, frenkisch, vrenkesch, vrenksch (“Frankish, French”), Middle High German vrenkisch, vrensch ("Frankish, Franconian; > German fränkisch (“Frankish, Franconian”)), Danish fransk (“French”), Swedish fransk, fransysk (“French”), Icelandic franska (“French”).
Doublet of Frankish.
In reference to vulgar language, from expressions such as pardon my French in the early 19th century, originally in reference to actual (but often mildly impolite) French expressions by the upper class, subsequently adopted ironically by the lower class for English cursewords under the charitable conceit that the listener would not be familiar with them.
In reference to vermouth, a shortened form of French vermouth, distinguished as usually being drier than Italian vermouth.

gl

"Frankish, Franconian; > German <i class="Latn mention" lang="de">fränkisch</i> (“Frankish, Franconian”)

Pardon my French.

The enraged headsman spares no 'bad French' in explaining his motives.

1845, Edward Jerningham Wakefield, Adventure in New Zealand, volume I, page 327:

Cameron: Pardon my French, but you're an asshole!

1986, John Hughes, Ferris Bueller's Day Off'

The book... is a welcome change from theory-infected academic discourse, pardon my French.

2005 May 29, New York Times Book Review, page 12:

(uncountable, euphemistic, now often ironic) Vulgar language.


French

en-noun

French (countable and uncountable, plural French or Frenches)

→ Zulu: iFulentshi

Tearle replied that gin-and-French and virginian cigarettes would do for him.

1930, Ethel Mannin, Confessions & Impressions, page 177:

He was drinking double gins with single Frenches in them.

1967, Michael Francis Gilbert, The Dust & the Heat, page 14:

(chiefly uncountable, dated slang) Ellipsis of French vermouth, a type of dry vermouth.


French

en-adj

French (comparative more French or Frencher, superlative most French or Frenchest)

more French (comparative)
Frencher (comparative)
most French (superlative)
Frenchest (superlative)

→ Choctaw: Filanchi

→ Tamil: பிரஞ்சு (pirañcu)

French verbs

French disease ― a venereal disease

French crown ― hair loss from venereal disease

French pox ― syphillis

venereal disease
venereal disease#English

(informal, often euphemistic) Used to form names or references to venereal diseases.


Russian

Russian (comparative more Russian, superlative most Russian)

more Russian (comparative)
most Russian (superlative)

→ Chinese: 羅宋／罗宋 (luósòng)

→ Ukrainian: ра́шн (rášn)

From Medieval Latin (11th century) Russiānus, the adjective of Russia, a Latinization of the Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ). Attested in English (both as a noun and as an adjective) from the 16th century. By surface analysis, Russia + -an.

Of or pertaining to the Russian language.

Russies

of or pertaining to the Russian language

Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic


Russian

en-noun

Russian (countable and uncountable, plural Russians)

(MLE, slang) Someone from or around Brandon Estate (also known as Moscow).


Zulu

Zulu (countable and uncountable, plural Zulu or Zulus)

A member of an African ethnic group living mainly in the KwaZulu-Natal Province in eastern South Africa.


Maori

New Zealand, approximating Māori pronunciation

Borrowed from Maori māori (“aborigine, native; normal, ordinary, plain”). Doublet of Maoli.


Basque

Borrowed from French basque, from Gascon Occitan basc, from Latin Vascō, Vascōnēs pl, a pre-Roman era tribe settled in the Atlantic Biscaian gulf and Pyrenean mountain region of south-western Europe, who were ancestors of the current Basque population.


Turk

From Middle English Turke, Turk, from Old French Turc, from Medieval Latin Turcus, from Byzantine Greek Τοῦρκος (Toûrkos), from Classical Persian تُرْک (turk), from Middle Persian [script needed] (twlk' /turk/), from Old Turkic 𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰜 (t²ür²k̥). See Proto-Turkic *tür(ü)k for more.


Romanian

en-noun

Romanian (countable and uncountable, plural Romanians)

I think there was this one Black guy in there who was practically crying.
I swear I could hear Sir Mixalot in my head whenever I did Romanians.

2010 March 24, Built, “With the big boyz...”, in IronMag Forums:

I did Romanians for a year and worked up to 250 for sets of 5. I couldn't take the DOMS anymore and dropped them.

2015 April 15, OZ-USF-UFGator, “diract Back work: Are Deadlifts and chin ups enough”, in Starting Strength Forum:

Romanian deadlift
Romanian deadlift#English

(countable, weightlifting, slang) Ellipsis of Romanian deadlift.


Bulgarian

Bulgarian (countable and uncountable, plural Bulgarians)

Yes, Bulgarians attack glutes (and this one does too!) but all the pauses and pulses in this series will also exhaust your quads.

2020 October 27, Ebenezer Samuel, “These 10 Moves Will Build Monster Quads”, in Men's Health:

Bulgarian split squat
Bulgarian split squat#English

(countable, exercise) Ellipsis of Bulgarian split squat.


Lithuanian

Lithuanian (countable and uncountable, plural Lithuanians)

(countable) A person living in or coming from Lithuania.


British

From Middle English Brittish, from Old English Brettisċ.
The spelling with single -t- appears in the 13th century under the influence of Medieval Latin Britannicus, but spelling with -tt- persists alongside -t- during the 13th to 17th centuries.
In reference to the island of Great Britain from ca. 1400 (Latin natio Anglica sive Britannica, Brittisshe occean 1398, the Britishe nacion 1548).
As a noun, referring to the British people, British soldiers, etc. from ca. 1600.

Brezhon

history: ancient inhabitants of the southern part of Britain

(history) The earlier inhabitants of southern Britain, prior to the Anglo-Saxon invasion and subsequent migrations.


British

The Celtic language of the ancient Britons; Common Brittonic.

(chiefly US) The British English language.


British

en-adj

British (comparative more British, superlative most British)

more British (comparative)
most British (superlative)

brythonik

history: of the ancient inhabitants of the southern part of Britain


Cornish

From Corn(wall) + -ish, from Cornish Kernewek, Kernowek.

(collectively) The inhabitants of Cornwall, especially native-born.


Cornish

There is a movement to revive Cornish.

The Celtic language of Cornwall, related to Welsh and Breton.

A habitational surname from Old English referring to someone from Cornwall.


Manchu

/ˌmænˈt͡ʃuː/

Borrowed from Manchu ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ (manju), probably from Sanskrit मञ्जुश्री (mañjuśrī, “Manjushri”).

der

(obsolete) A person belonging to the Qing Dynasty (Manchu Dynasty) of China.


Manchu

/ˌmænˈt͡ʃuː/

(obsolete) The Qing Dynasty (Manchu Dynasty).


Ukrainian

From Ukraine + -ian (suffix meaning ‘from; like; related to’, forming adjectives; or ‘one belonging to, from, like, or relating to’, forming nouns).

suffix

It [Old Slavonic] is the root of both branches of the living Russian language: of Great Russian, which is the literary and official Russian, as well as of Ukrainian, or Southern Russian. There are, moreover, no popular dialects in our country. The fourteen millions of Ukrainians, settled in the plains of south-west Russia, all speak exactly the same language.

1888, Stepniak [i.e., Sergey Stepnyak-Kravchinsky], chapter I, in The Russian Peasantry: Their Agrarian Condition, Social Life, and Religion, 2nd edition, volume II, London: Swan Sonnenschein and Co. […], →OCLC, page 573:

The East Slavic language of Ukrainians, and the official language of Ukraine.


Armenian

(uncountable) The language of Armenia and the Armenian people, whose older stages are Old Armenian and Middle Armenian.


Hispano

Borrowed from Spanish hispano, from Latin Hispānus, from Hispānia.

There are many famous Hispanos in the music world.

Hispanos are quickly becoming the largest minority in the United States.

(slang) A Hispanic; a person of Spanish descent.


Hispano

en-adj

Hispano (comparative more Hispano, superlative most Hispano)

more Hispano (comparative)
most Hispano (superlative)


Hispanic

Hispanic (comparative more Hispanic, superlative most Hispanic)

more Hispanic (comparative)
most Hispanic (superlative)

From Latin hispānicus, from Hispānia (“Iberia”) + -icus.

Of or pertaining to the Iberian peninsula, its people, its culture or its languages.


Vietnamese

The Vietnamese I own is the one you gave me, the one whose diction and syntax reach only the second-grade level.

2019, Ocean Vuong, On Earth We're Briefly Gorgeous, Jonathan Cape, page 31:

The Austroasiatic language spoken predominantly in Vietnam.


Tibetan

en-noun

Tibetan (countable and uncountable, plural Tibetans)


Breton

Breton (countable and uncountable, plural Bretons)

From French Breton. Doublet of Briton and Brython.

(uncountable) The Celtic language of Brittany.


Persian

Persian (countable and uncountable, plural Persians)

/ˈpɜː(ɹ)ʃən/

From Middle English percynne, from Middle French persien, from Italian persiano, from Medieval Latin Persiānus, from Latin Persia, from Ancient Greek Περσίς (Persís), from Old Persian 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿 (p-a-r-s /Pārsa/, “Persia”) (compare Early Classical Persian پارس (pārs) or modern Iranian Persian فارس (fârs), where the shift p > f. Equivalent to Persia + -ian.

der

(uncountable) The Persian language, or a family of languages spoken primarily in Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan.


San Francisco

From Spanish San Francisco (“Saint Francis”). Doublet of São Francisco.

San Francisco
San Francisco (disambiguation)

A major coastal city and county in California, United States, formerly Yerba Buena (pre-1847).


Latvian

Of, from, or pertaining to Latvia, the Latvian people or the Latvian language.

Letlands

pertaining to Latvia or the Latvian language


Latvian

en-noun

Latvian (countable and uncountable, plural Latvians)

(uncountable) The official language of Latvia; Lettish.

(countable) A person from Latvia or of Latvian descent.


Sahrawi

From Arabic صَحْرَاوِيّ (ṣaḥrāwiyy, “of the desert”), from صَحْرَاء (ṣaḥrāʔ, “desert”).

bor

A person from Western Sahara (formerly Spanish Sahara).


Icelander

From Iceland + -er. Displaced older Middle English Iselandman (“Icelander”, literally “Iceland man, Iceland person”).

cog

A person from Iceland or of Icelandic descent.


Dane

From Middle English Dane, from Old Norse danir. Displaced native Old English Dene. Both forms ultimately descend from Proto-Germanic *daniz.

"I'm going to call him Dane."
"What a queer name! Why? Is it an O'Neill family name? I thought you were finished with the O'Neills."
"It's got nothing to do with Luke. This is his name, no one else's. - - - I called Justine Justine simply because I liked the name, and I'm calling Dane Dane for the same reason."
"Well, it does have a nice ring to it," Fee admitted.

1977, Colleen McCullough, The Thorn Birds, Gramercy Books, published 1998, →ISBN, pages 432–433:

A male given name transferred from the surname, or from the ethnic term Dane (like Scott or Norman).


Nepalese

Of, from, or pertaining to Nepal, the Nepalese people or the Nepalese language.


Nepalese

(chiefly in the plural) A person from Nepal or of Nepalese descent.


Ethiopian

Ahmed was also appreciated for his talents as a showman, because he had no equal in letting loose the famous eskista, with the heaving quiver of the torso and shoulders, of which Ethiopians are so fond. Eskista is the dance of the Amharas, enhancing amorous repartee and expressing collective jubilation.

2002 August 1, Frank Tenaille, Music is the Weapon of the Future: Fifty Years of African Popular Music, →ISBN, page 168:

A person from Ethiopia or of Ethiopian descent.


Cambodian

en-noun

Cambodian (countable and uncountable, plural Cambodians)

(uncountable) the language of the Cambodian people


Kazakh

Kazakh (countable and uncountable, plural Kazakhs)

From Russian каза́х (kazáx). Cognate with Cossack, ultimately from Turkic languages.

(uncountable) The national language of Kazakhstan.


Kazakh

Of, from, or pertaining to Kazakhstan, the Kazakh people or the Kazakh language.

Kazaks

pertaining to the Kazakh people or the Kazakh language


Telugu

The train rumbled between narrow buildings with flat roofs and multicoloured walls, Telugu script crawling like creepers over them.

2019, Namwali Serpell, The Old Drift, Hogarth, page 497:


Lao

Lao (countable and uncountable, plural Lao or Laos)

(countable) A Tai ethnic group native to Southeast Asia.

(uncountable) The official language of Laos that is closely related to Thai.


Lao

Of, from, or pertaining to Laos, the Lao people or their Kra-Dai Lao language.

Laosiaans

of, from, or pertaining to Laos, the people or their language


Georgian

Georgian (countable and uncountable, plural Georgians)

/ˈd͡ʒɔːd͡ʒən/

/ˈd͡ʒɔɹd͡ʒən/

/ˈd͡ʒɔʊ.d͡ʒən/

/ˈd͡ʒoːd͡ʒən/

United States of America
United States of America

(countable) A native or resident of the state of Georgia in the United States of America.

Iberian

native or resident of the Eurasian country of Georgia

goober

native or resident of the US state of Georgia


Kyrgyz

/ˈkɜː(ɹ)ɡɪz/

/ˈkɪə(ɹ)ɡɪz/

From Kyrgyz кыргыз (kırgız), possibly derived from Kyrgyz кырк ууз (kırk uuz, “forty tribes”); or possibly from кыргый (kırgıy, “hawk”); or likely from кырк (kırk, “extinguish, mince, cut”). More at Kyrgyz.

uder

The Western Turkic language of Kyrgyz people.


Uzbek

From Russian узбек (uzbek), from Uzbek oʻzbek. Further etymology is uncertain; possibly from Turkic öz (“genuine”) + Sogdian [script needed] (βγ /beġ/, “master”); the latter from Proto-Indo-Aryan *bʰagás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰagás. The first element is often thought to be equivalent to English Oghuz.


Somali

en-noun

Somali (countable and uncountable, plural Somalis)

(countable) A person from Somalia or of Somali descent.

Somaliër

a person from Somalia or of Somali descent


Iranian

/ɪˈɹɑːni.ən/

In a joint move with several U.S. agencies, the State Department announced that it was penalizing 10 Iranians, including the three men, along with two entities for “conducting malicious cyberacts, including ransomware activity,” according to a statement.

2022 September 14, Glenn Thrush, “U.S. Charges 3 Iranians in Broad Hacking Scheme”, in The New York Times:

A person from Iran or of Iranian descent.


Iranian

/ɪˈɹɑːni.ən/

(linguistics) Pertaining to the Iranian languages or their speakers.

Irans

pertaining to the Iranian languages or the Iranian peoples


Iranian

/ɪˈɹɑːni.ən/


Tajik

From Classical Persian تاجیک (tājīk, “non-Turk (of Central Asia)”) (akin to تازی (tāzī), تازیک (tāzīk)), (ultimately) from Middle Persian tʾcyk' (tāzīg, “Arab”), (ultimately) from Arabic طَيِّئ (ṭayyiʔ, “name of an Arab clan”). See Tayy.
Popular folk etymology traces the word to Tajik тоҷ (toj, “crown”) (see Arabic تَاج (tāj), from Persian تاج (tâj, “crown”)), but this is false.

der

Of, from, or pertaining to Tajikistan, the Tajik people (living in Tajikistan and Afghanistan) or the Tajiki dialect of Persian.

Tadjiks

of, from, or pertaining to Tajikistan, the Tajik people or the Tajik language


Burmese

Of or relating to Burma (Myanmar) or its people or language.


Burmese

(chiefly in the plural) A person from Myanmar or of Burmese descent.

بُورْمِيّ

a person from Myanmar or of Burmese descent

(zoology) A medium-sized, short-haired domestic cat breed, originating in Thailand.


Burmese

The Sino-Tibetan official language of the country Burma. Also known as Myanmar (which is the name preferred by the country's current government).


Hopi

From Hopi hopi (“Hopi, good in every respect, be wise/knowing”) (as in Hopituu sinom "Hopi people"). Popularized by J. Walter Fewkes as a replacement for the previously used and offensive name Moqui which sounds like Hopi mooki "dies, be dead".

A member of a particular tribe of North American natives.


Hopi

The Uto-Aztecan language spoken by this North American tribe.


Hopi

A Coal Mine capable of producing 450,000 tons of coal annually started operation in Hopi, Honan.

1960 September, “1957 April-December”, in E. Stuart Kirby, editor, Contemporary China, volume III, →OCLC, page 278:

Two other major coal-mining centers, each producing coking-grade bituminous coal, have been developed in Honan since the late 1950's. Hopi, in northernmost Honan, arose in 1957 on the site of a small, primitive operation in a deposit of lean coal, low in volatile content. A city was established in that year, and the mining complex was linked by a 12-mile rail spur with Tangyin, on the main Peking-Hankow line.

1972, Theodore Shabad, “The North China Plain”, in China's Changing Map, New York: Frederick A. Praeger, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 119:

Death certificates were tabulated to map morality from esophageal cancer in the 181 counties and cities of the survey. The counties with the highest incidences were Yangcheng and Hopi with rates, respectively, of 135 and 140 per 100,000. By contrast, in Hunyuan County the rate was under 2 per 100,000.

1975 June 17, Walter Sullivan, “CHINA STUDY LINKS CANCER TO REGION”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-10-05, page 66:


Tamil

en-noun

Tamil (countable and uncountable, plural Tamils)

Borrowed from Tamil தமிழ் (tamiḻ, “Tamil”); see that entry for theories.

(uncountable) A Dravidian language spoken in the state of Tamil Nadu, India and in Sri Lanka, Singapore, Malaysia.


Bengali

Bengali (countable and uncountable, plural Bengalis)

Equivalent to Bengal + -i. Compare Assamese বঙালী (boṅali), Bengali বাঙ্গালী (baṅgali), Hindi बंगाली (baṅgālī), Classical Persian بنگالی (bangālī).

(uncountable) A language spoken in Bangladesh and the states of Assam, Tripura and West Bengal, India.

बंगाली भाषा

baṅgālī bhāṣā

बाङ्गला भाषा

bāṅgalā bhāṣā


Gujarati

/ˌɡʊd͡ʒəˈrɑːti/

/ˌɡuːd͡ʒəˈrɑːti/

Borrowed from Gujarati ગુજરાતી (gujrātī).

The Indic language spoken in the state of Gujarat, India


Magyar

From Hungarian magyar, from Proto-Ugric *mańćɜ (“man, person”).


Magyar

A Hungarian individual, especially in the sense of an ethnic Hungarian.


Khmer

From Khmer ខ្មែរ (khmae).
Attributed to the Pali term khemara (“one who is wholesome”). The elision form, ក្មេរ (kmera), is found in ancient stone inscriptions, or a borrowing from Northern Khmer เขมร (/khmɛːr/).

Despite my mother speaking Khmer to us at home, I hadn’t retained it through my formative years.

2024, Kaliane Bradley, The Ministry of Time, Sceptre, page 6:

The national language of Cambodia, part of the Mon-Khmer language family.


anglo

(Southwestern US, informal, sometimes offensive) A North American, especially a white one (regardless of actual ethnicity), whose native language is English (as opposed to Americans who have another native language).


Manx

Altered from Maniske, from assumed Old Norse *manskr, an adjectival form of Mǫn (“Isle of Man”), from Old Irish Mana; compare with Norwegian Bokmål mansk.
Also influenced by Manx Manninagh, an adjectival form of Mannin (“Isle of Man”), Isle of Man; cf Scottish Gaelic Manainneach and Irish Manannach.

(uncountable) A Goidelic language spoken on the Isle of Man.

մեներեն

a Goidelic language spoken on the Isle of Man

the long-haired version of the Manx cat breed


Malay

Malay (countable and uncountable, plural Malays)

Etymology tree
Malay Melayuder.
English Malay
From Malay Melayu, from Malayu, a kingdom on Sumatra's eastern coast (today's Jambi), mentioned by the Chinese Monk Yijing as 末羅瑜國 and during the Yuan (1271-1368) and Ming (1368-1644) dynasties as 木剌由, 麻里予兒, 巫來由 and 無來由. First attested in English as 1598.
The oldest known inscriptions in the Malay language were found at Kedukan Bukit (dated 673) and Talang Tuo (dated 684), both in the vicinity of Palembang in southern Sumatra, and at Kota Kapur (dated 686) on Bangka island west of Sumatra. Exonymous derivation from Malayalam മല (mala, “mountain”) has not been demonstrated.

etymon

(countable) A person of Malay ancestry, referring to a diverse group of Austronesian peoples inhabiting the Malay archipelago and Malay peninsula in Southeast Asia.


Chumash

From Ineseño čʰumaš (“the Santa Barbara Channel Island people”).

bor

The colonial given language name of this tribe.


Faroese

/ˌfɛəɹəʊˈiːz/

From Faroe + -ese, from Faroese Føroyar.

(chiefly in the plural) A person from the Faroe Islands; a Faroe Islander.


Chechen

From Russian чечен- (čečen-), the root in чече́нец (čečénec, “a Chechen man”) or чече́нский (čečénskij, “Chechen (adjective)”).

The language of the Chechens, a member of the Nakh family.


Arab

From Arabic عَرَب (ʕarab, “Arabs”) or back-formation from Arabic.

a. 1892, Charles Spurgeon, a sermon
You Christian people often see the little gutter children — the poor little arabs in the street — and you feel much pity for them, as well you may.

The other day I heard you complaining of the nuisance that small ragged street-boys are to you whenever you go out. […] You wished that some one would do something to clear away these little Arabs, as you are pleased to call them, so that a fine old English gentleman—as you are pleased to think yourself—might take his exercise in peace.


Livonian

A Finno-Ugric language spoken in Latvia.


Karelian

A language closely related to Finnish, spoken in Karelia, Russia and Finland.


Cossack

Armeno-Kipchak
Cossack
George Turberville

From Middle French cosaque, from Middle Polish Kozak, from Old Ukrainian коза́къ (kozák), from Kipchak *qazaq (whence Armeno-Kipchak խազախ (xazax)), from Old Turkic 𐰴𐰔𐰍𐰸 (*qazǧaq, “profiteer”), from 𐰴𐰔𐰍𐰣𐰢𐰴 (qazǧanmaq, “to acquire”), from 𐰴𐰔𐰢𐰴 (qazmaq, “to dig out”), from Proto-Turkic *kaŕ-. Doublet of Kazakh. First appears c. 1587 in the writings of George Turberville.

Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth

A member or descendant of an originally (semi-)nomadic population of Eastern Europe and the adjacent parts of Asia, formed in part of runaways from neighbouring countries, that eventually settled in parts of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Russian tsarist Empire and constituted a military caste, particularly in areas now comprising southern Russia and Ukraine.


Igbo

Surprised by her switch to Igbo, he did not speak.

2019, Chigozie Obioma, An Orchestra of Minorities, Abacus (2019), page 180:

The language spoken by the Igbo people and elsewhere in southern Nigeria.


Nepali

an Indo-Aryan language used primarily by the people of Nepal


Scot

From Old English Scottas (“people from Ireland, Irishmen”), from Late Latin Scotti (see Scōtī for more).
See Scoti.

der

A male given name transferred from the surname, of rare usage, variant of Scott.


Yoruba

In the parlour, she could hear Aunty Biola attempting to teach her father Yoruba, collapsing into helpless giggles whenever he mispronounced his vowels, giving them the flat English sound instead of lifting them upwards with the slight outward puff of breath that was required.

2005, Helen Oyeyemi, The Icarus Girl, Bloomsbury, page 48:

A sub-Saharan language. It belongs to the Benue-Congo branch of the Niger-Congo language family, and has nearly 40 million speakers in Nigeria, Benin, Togo, and Sierra Leone, as well as communities in Brazil and Cuba.


Kashubian

/kəˈʃuːbɪən/

A Slavic language spoken in the Pomeranian region of Poland.


Bambara

The Bambara groundnut, Vigna subterranea.


Walloon

Borrowed from Middle French Wallon / wallon, from Frankish *walh, from Proto-Germanic *walhaz (“foreigner”).
Cognate to Welsh/Wales, the second part of Cornwall, and first part of walnut, as well as Gaul and Wallachia.

A Romance language spoken in parts of southern Belgium and northern France (around Givet).


Missouri

From a French adaptation of Miami wimihsoorita (“the people who have dugout canoes”), a term for the inhabitants of the area around the Missouri River.

Alabama · Alaska · Arizona · Arkansas · California · Colorado · Connecticut · Delaware · Florida · Georgia · Hawaii · Idaho · Illinois · Indiana · Iowa · Kansas · Kentucky · Louisiana · Maine · Maryland · Massachusetts · Michigan · Minnesota · Mississippi · Missouri · Montana · Nebraska · Nevada · New Hampshire · New Jersey · New Mexico · New York · North Carolina · North Dakota · Ohio · Oklahoma · Oregon · Pennsylvania · Rhode Island · South Carolina · South Dakota · Tennessee · Texas · Utah · Vermont · Virginia · Washington · West Virginia · Wisconsin · Wyoming

A state in the Midwestern region of the United States. Capital: Jefferson City. Largest city: Kansas City.

American Samoa · Guam · Northern Mariana Islands · Puerto Rico · United States minor outlying islands · United States Virgin Islands


Alabama

From Alabama Albaamaha, the name of a people native to the area.

That’s right. In fact, a law which passed in Mississippi is so restrictive, it could close the one remaining abortion clinic they have in the entire state, meaning a Mississippi woman, right now, could be saying to herself, “I need to go someplace more progressive like Alabama.”

2014 November 2, “State Legislatures and ALEC”, in Last Week Tonight with John Oliver, season 1, episode 23, John Oliver (actor), via HBO:

A state of the United States. Capital: Montgomery. Largest city: Birmingham.


Wolof

Jolof Empire
Jolof Kingdom
Wolof language
Wolof people
jollof rice

A West African people, mostly in Senegal.


Sami

Derived from Arabic سَامِي (sāmī), from the informal pronunciation of سَامٍ (sāmin, “high, exalted”).

A male given name from Arabic, feminine equivalent Samiyah.


Cymry

Borrowed from Welsh Cymry, q.v. Cognate with English Cambrian and Cymric.

The natural conclusion is that the Silurians or Iberians, now represented by the little, dark Welshmen, are the oldest existing race in Wales, and, though now speaking Cymraeg, were long before the Cymry there.

1881, James Bonwick, Who Are the Welsh? (Our Nationalities; III), London: David Bogue, […], page 46:

“What brings you into our lands?” The strange looking barbarian asked again. / He was speaking Cymraeg, which means the language of the aborigines, or “the language of the first race.” It was the same language of the Cymry of which Cedric and his tribe was a people of.

2001, Jodie K. Scales, Of Kindred Celtic Origins, volumes 1 (Myths, Legends, Genealogy and History of an Ordinary American Family), Lincoln, Neb.: Writers Club Press, iUniverse, →ISBN, page 416:

(uncommon) Synonym of Welsh: the Welsh people collectively.


Metis

Borrowed from French métis, from Old French mestis, from Late Latin mixtīcius. Métis originally referred to Francophone and Cree-speaking descendants of the French-Catholic Red River Métis in Manitoba. Compare mestizo.

(Canada) One of three recognized Aboriginal peoples of Canada, descendants of marriages of Cree, Ojibwa, Saulteaux, and Menominee Aboriginal people with French Canadians, Scots and English.


Irishman

From Middle English Irisshman, equivalent to Irish + -man.

It is so absurd to advance into the presence of savage royalty after the fashion of an Irishman driving a pig to market, for that is what we looked like, and the idea nearly made me burst out laughing then and there.

1886 October – 1887 January, H[enry] Rider Haggard, She: A History of Adventure, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., published 1887, →OCLC:


Chuvash

An agglutinative language of the Bolgar branch of the Turkic language family and is spoken west of the Ural mountains in central Russia. Chuvash is the native language of the Chuvash people and an official language of Chuvashia. It is spoken by about two million people.

чӑваш чӗлхи

čăvaš čĕlh̬i


Tatar

A person belonging to one of several Turkic, Tatar-speaking ethnic groups in Eastern Europe, Russia and Central Asia.


Welshman

From Middle English Walishman, equivalent to Welsh + -man.

Coordinate term: Welshwoman

A man who is a native or inhabitant of Wales.


Cheyenne

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Cheyenne.wav

Borrowed from French Cheyenne, from Dakota šahíyena, from Dakota šaia (“to speak incoherently”), from Dakota ša (“red”) and Dakota ya (“to speak”).

A member of an indigenous people of the Great Plains in North America.


Cheyenne

The capital and largest city of Wyoming, United States and the county seat of Laramie County; named for the people.

A river in the United States; flowing 295 miles from the confluence of the Antelope and Dry Fork creeks in Thunder Basin National Grassland, Wyoming into Lake Oahe, a reservoir of the Missouri River, at Mission Ridge, South Dakota.

Roger Mills County
Roger Mills County#English

A town, the county seat of Roger Mills County, Oklahoma, United States.

A female or male given name of modern American usage.


Cambrian

Synonym of Walian: a Welsh person, a Welshman or Welshwoman.


Hmong

Of or relating to the Hmong, their culture, or their lect.


Serb

From Serbo-Croatian Srbi, from Proto-Slavic *sьrbъ (“ally, Serb, Sorb”), from Proto-Indo-European *ser- (“to protect, watch over”); akin to Latin servo (“I guard, I protect”), Old English searu (“weapons, armor”), Lithuanian sárgas (“watchman”), Ancient Greek ἥρως (hḗrōs, “hero”), Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬭𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (haraⁱti), 𐬵𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (haᵘruuaⁱti, “to guard”). Doublet of Sorb.


Akan

The Niger-Congo language spoken by these people.


Fula

* From Manding languages, ultimately from Fula root ful- (pul-)

A member of a largely pastoral Muslim people of West Africa.

Fulani

from Hausa; ultimately from Fula root ful- [pul-]

Peul

French equivalent; ultimately from Fula root ful- [pul-] via Wolof


Croat

en-noun

Croat (countable and uncountable, plural Croats)

From Medieval Latin Croata, from Proto-Slavic *xъrvatъ (“Croat”), the Croatian autonym. It, in turn, is probably of non-Slavic origin: probably from an Iranian or Germanic language. Doublet of cravat.

It almost made him laugh. What could he possibly do in Ohio? Did Cleveland have a pressing need for secret policemen who spoke Croat?

2012, Alen Mattich, Zagreb Cowboy, →ISBN:

(uncountable, uncommon) The Croatian lect.


Anal

The Northern Kukish (Sino-Tibetan) language spoken by these people, sometimes called Namfau after the two largest villages it is spoken in.


Beaver

en-proper noun

Beaver (countable and uncountable, plural Beavers)

* As an English surname, capitalization of beaver. This sense is also translated from several Native American names such as Cheyenne homa'e and Creek Echaswvlke of the same meaning. Doublet of Bieber and Bever.
* Also as an English surname, from the placename Belvoir in Leicestershire.

Marinette County
Marinette County#English

A number of places in the United States:

A town and unincorporated community therein, in Marinette County, Wisconsin.


Chinaman

From Chinese Pidgin English. Calque of Chinese 中國人／中国人 (Zhōngguórén) ("China + -man"). Applied also to ships by analogy with East Indiaman.

A disorderly Chinaman is rare, and a lazy one does not exist. So long as a Chinaman has strength to use his hands he needs no support from anybody; white men often complain of want of work, but a Chinaman offers no such complaint; he always manages to find something to do.[…]Any white man can swear a Chinaman’s life away in the courts, but no Chinaman can testify against a white man.

1870–1871 (date written), Mark Twain [pseudonym; Samuel Langhorne Clemens], “”, in Roughing It, Hartford, Conn.: American Publishing Company [et al.], published 1872, →OCLC, page 391:

Another favorite pastime of the Highbinder who is usually a loafer, is to levy blackmail on a wealthy Chinaman.[…]If it were not that the Chinamen kill only men of their own race and let alone all other men, the citizens of San Francisco would have sacked and burned Chinatown.

1906, Hubert D. Russell, editor, Complete Story of the San Francisco Horror, 1906, published 2003, page 251:

On the flat behind the mill, dawn-rising Chinamen shogged with nimble bare feet under their yoke-linked watering-cans. These busy brethren, meeting sometimes on the same narrow track, would pause, ant-like, seemingly to dumbly regard one another and their burdens, then, still ant-like, pass silently to their work.

1907, Barbara Baynton, edited by Sally Krimmer and Alan Lawson, Human Toll (Portable Australian Authors: Barbara Baynton), St Lucia: University of Queensland Press, published 1980, page 147:

"It is my fly-trap!" shrieked the Chinaman. "And I am the god of destruction!"

1913, Sax Rohmer, chapter 25, in The Insidious Dr. Fu Manchu:

The carts rattle by, swinging from side to side; two Chinamen lollop along under their wooden yokes with the straining vegetable baskets—their pigtails and blue blouses fly out in the wind.

1920 August 27, Katherine Mansfield [pseudonym; Kathleen Mansfield Murry], “The Wind Blows”, in Bliss and Other Stories, London: Constable & Company, published 1920, →OCLC, page 137:

1941, George Ade, Stories of the Streets and of the Town: From the Chicago Record 1893 - 1900, reprinted as 2003, Stories of Chicago, page 163,
In Clark Street, where all the nations of the earth dwell together in harmony, one has but to go downstairs to find a Chinaman. And when found he is washing.

America it's them bad Russians.
Them Russians them Russians and them Chinamen. And them Russians.

1956, Allen Ginsberg, “America”, in Howl and Other Poems (Pocket Poets Series), City Lights Books, →OCLC, page 33:

Diner Employee: How long you been standing there, you freak?
Diner Customer: What are you, a Chinaman?
Xavier (Vernon Chatman): I wish I knew myself.
Diner Employee: We don't cotton to strange Chinamen with no sense of self who stand secretly by for indeterminate amounts of time. Gonna put you in a world of hurt.

2007, Xavier: Renegade Angel, season 1, episode 6:

(dated, now offensive) A Chinese person, or person of Chinese descent.


Gin

A Hanyu Pinyin-esque romanization of Vietnamese Kinh (京).

An ethnic Vietnamese, in reference to those whose lands are in China.


Ana

From various languages including Spanish, Portuguese, Romanian, Bulgarian, Serbo-Croatian, Slovene, and Macedonian, all derived—sometimes via Late Latin Anna in the Vulgate—from Koine Greek Ἄννα (Ánna, “Anna”), chiefly in reference to St Anne the apocryphal mother of Mary mother of Jesus but appearing in the New Testament in reference to Anna the Prophetess, from Hebrew חַנָּה (Ḥanâ, “Hannah”), from חַנָּה (ḥanâ, “grace, gracious, graced with child”). As an Oregonian river, named for Ana Byars, daughter of the surveyor W.H. Byars. Doublet of Ann, Anne, Anna, and Hannah.

A female given name, equivalent to English Anna or Hannah.


Ana

An ethnicity within the Yoruba people, mostly living in Benin and Togo in West Africa.

The language within the Niger-Congo family spoken by the Ana people.


Ewe

The Niger-Congo language, belonging to the Gbe family, spoken by these people.


Cree

Dumfries and Galloway
Dumfries and Galloway#English

A river in Dumfries and Galloway council area, Scotland, which flows into the Solway Firth and Irish Sea.


Han

An early romanization of the Mandarin 漢／汉 (Hàn), later reinforced by Wade-Giles and pinyin. Originally a river within present-day Shaanxi and Hubei. As a Chinese dynasty, from the founder Liu Bang's short-lived realm in Sichuan and Shaanxi among China's Eighteen Kingdoms, named for the Qin Empire's Hanzhong Commandery, headquartered in a city which also became known as Hanzhong, named for its placement along the middle reaches of the river.
The usage for the Chinese ethnicity first appeared during the Northern and Southern Dynasties, claiming the Han dynasty as one of the golden ages of Chinese history.

Trade was the major economic link between Tibet and other regions in China. Special economic systems (estate, serfdom) made it impossible for Han immigrants to engage in agriculture and animal husbandry in Tibet. The geographic features of the plateau (high elevation, rarefied air, mountains, etc.) limited the volume of trade and migration between Tibet and other regions.

1995, Rong Ma, edited by Calvin Goldscheider, Economic Patterns, Migration, and Ethnic Relationships in the Tibet Autonomous Region, China (Population, Ethnicity, and Nation-Building), Westview Press, →ISBN, page 50:

According to the 2000 census, the Han make up 92 percent of China's population; the minority groups combine for about 8 percent (about 106 million people).

2006, Sheila Hollihan-Elliot, Muslims in China, Mason Crest Publishers, →ISBN, page 55:

“The people of both sides of the Taiwan Strait belong to the Chinese nation, are children of Yandi and the Yellow Emperor,” he told a group of Chinese and Taiwanese reporters who had been allowed to follow him on the trip, referring to mythical emperors revered as founders of China’s dominant Han ethnicity.

2023 March 29, Han Guan Ng, Huizhong Wu, Olivia Zhang, “Former Taiwan leader Ma views Sun Yat-sen tomb in China tour”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2023-03-28:

The Chinese ethnicity, when distinguished from other peoples of the Chinese state


Han

Atonal form of the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin pronunciation of Chinese 邗 (Hán).

(history) A canal in Jiangsu, China, connecting Hancheng (now Yangzhou) on the Yangtze with Mokou (now Huai'an) on the Huai.

邗溝

canal in Jiangsu, now mostly part of the Grand Canal


Han

From Korean 한(韓) (han). Cognate with English Han (from Mandarin).


Han

A First Nations people of Canada and an Alaska Native Athabaskan people of the Athabaskan-speaking ethnolinguistic group.

The Northern Athabaskan language spoken by the Han people, or Hän Hwëch'in, in Alaska and the Yukon.


Latine

Borrowed from Spanish latine (“Latine; Latino or Latina”). Gender-neutral -e replaces the gendered endings/elements -a and -o.

-a-o-e

(gender-neutral, neologism) Someone of Latin American descent; a Latino or Latina.


Latine

(gender-neutral, neologism) Hispanic; Latino or Latina.


Mongol

Borrowed from Classical Mongolian ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ (mongɣol), from Middle Mongol ᠮᠣᠩᠬᠣᠯ (mongqol).
The sense “person with Down syndrome” comes from the fact that people with this condition often have a prominent epicanthic fold, as most people of East Asian ethnicity do.

A member of any of the various Mongol ethnic groups living in The Mongolian People's Republic, the (former) USSR, Tibet and Nepal.


Mon

A member of a people living primarily in the Mon State of Myanmar (also known as Burma), and in Thailand.


Sorb

Borrowed from German Sorbe, from Lower Sorbian Serb, the self-appointed name. Doublet of Serb.

A member of a Slavic people living in Lusatia in eastern Germany.


Mari

Borrowed from Western Mari мари (mari, “Mari language term for the Mari”).


Vote

From German Wote, ultimately from Votic vadʹdʹa, vadʹdʹalain (“Votian”). Compare Estonian vadjalane.

A person from Votia or of Votic descent.


Estonian

en-noun

Estonian (countable and uncountable, plural Estonians)

(uncountable) The Uralic language that is the official language of Estonia.


Tonto

From Spanish tonto (“fool, idiot”), the Spanish name for the tribe, a calque of Western Apache kounʼnde (“wild rough people”). The fictional character (described as Comanche or Potawatomi) either from Potawatomi or named after Tonto Basin, Arizona.

cal

(fiction) The Native American sidekick of the Lone Ranger.


Tonto

They called Indians like him — that is, any Indian who tried to make it by working within the system — a "Tonto."

1982, Iron Eyes Cody with Collin Perry, Iron Eyes, my life as a Hollywood Indian:

Once more, Beyond the Survey takes up the topic, introducing a character Mowees (obviously an "Indianificarion" of the common Metis name Moise) who unfortunately never rises above the level of a Tonto figure.

1999, Ellenor Ranghild Merriken, Looking for country: a Norwegian immigrant's Alberta memoir, page 21:

Law Schools, a critical race theorist likened Kennedy to a Tonto figure, the fictional Indian whose loyalty to the Lone Ranger set him apart from, if not against, his tribe.

2002, Jim Sleeper, Liberal racism, page 130:

An example: The Black Panther Chairman abuses the black Supreme Court Justice (the latter having just denied a Cleaver plea) as an "Uncle Tom, a bootlicker, a nigger pig, a Tonto, and a punk."

2003, Benjamin DeMott with Arthur Asa Berger, Supergrow: essays and reports on imagination in America, page 11:

But clearly she's a Two Hearts, not a Tonto.

2007, Lisa Alther, Kinfolks: falling off the family tree, page 20:

In the best circumstances, he was devastatingly witty and slyly subversive; in the worst, he was merely a Tonto with an Afro.

2007, Jabari Asim, The N word: who can say it, who shouldn't, and why, page 185:

A Native American who accepts a subservient position to a white person.


Tigre

A Semitic language of northern Eritrea, closely related to Tigrinya.


White

en-proper noun

White (countable and uncountable, plural Whites)

* As an English surname, from Middle English White, as a nickname for someone with white hair or pale complexion; in some cases from a personal name of the same meaning. See the modern adjective white.
* Also as an English surname, from Old English *wiht (“bend”), found only in placenames, a derivative of the verb wican (“to yield, bend”); compare Wight.
* As a Scottish Gaelic and Irish surname, used as a translation of several Gaelic names containing the element bán and geal, including Mac Giolla bháin (McElwain, Kilbane), Ó Gealagáin (Galligan), Bán (Bane), and Ó Banáin (Bannon).
* Also as a Scottish and Irish surname, an Anglicization of Irish de Faoite, itself from Anglo-Norman le White, le Whyte, from the same source as the English surname.

White (disambiguation)#Places in the United States

A minor city in Bartow County, Georgia; named for its first postmaster.


Pole

A person from Poland or of Polish descent.

лях

now sometimes slightly derogatory or ironic


Swede

From Middle Low German Swêde, from a Germanic word akin to Old Norse Svíþjóð, Old English Swēoþēod (“Sweden”, literally “Swede nation”), itself from Swēo (“Swede”), from Proto-Germanic *swihô (“Swede”). Cognate with Dutch Zweed, German Schwede.

cog

(historical) A member of an ancient North Germanic tribe that inhabited central Sweden

Svear

member of the ancient North Germanic tribe


San

As a synonym of Bushmen introduced into ethnology from the 1960s, from Khoekhoe saan (singular saa) "foragers; people without wealth", via back-formation from Khoisan. Occasional citation as the Nama term for "Bushmen" from the 1880s.

(regionally, offensive, ethnic slur) Any of the foraging non-Bantu ethnic groups of southwestern Africa.


Udmurt

From Russian удму́рт (udmúrt), from Udmurt удмурт (udmurt).

A Finnic language spoken in Udmurtia, a republic of Russia.

乌德穆尔特语

Wūdémùěrtèyǔ


Udmurt

A member of the people inhabiting Udmurtia or speaking Udmurt.


Udmurt

Of or pertaining to Udmurts, Udmurtia, or the Udmurt language.


Bicolano

/bɪkəˈlɑːnəʊ/

A language spoken in the Bicol Region, Philippines.


Hausa

A people living in Nigeria and part of Niger.


Griko

From the Greko dialect Greek Γκρίκο (Gkríko) and Γρῆκος (Grîkos).

An ethnically Greek people of southern Italy and Sicily, descended from Byzantine and ancient Greek colonies.

The dialect of Greek used by these people, combining Koine Greek, Byzantine Greek, and various Italian dialects.


Fleming

From Middle English flameng, from late Old English Flæmingi, from Old Norse Flǽmingr, Middle Dutch Vlaminc, Vleminc, from Old Frisian (unattested) (compare West Frisian Flaming), from Proto-Germanic *flaumaz (“flowing, current (water)”) and the patronymic suffix *-ingaz (“belonging to, descended from”). More at Flanders.

der

A number of places in the United States:

A tiny city in Ray County, Missouri; suburb of Kansas City.

A town and hamlet in Cayuga County, New York.


Enets

The Samoyedic language spoken by these people.


Mordvin

Of or relating to Mordovia (Mordvinia) or its people or culture.


Mansi

Borrowed from Northern Mansi Ма̄ньси (Mānʹsi).

bor+

The languages of the other three branches – Mansi, Khanty and Samoyed – are or were spoken in Siberia, but the area of Tundra Nenets in the Samoyed branch extends to the west of the Ural mountains, and the area of Southern Mansi also originally covered parts of Europe.

2010, Christopher Moseley, editor, Atlas of the world's languages in danger:

The Uralic language spoken by these people, now more often considered a group of closely related languages.


Komi

An endonym, used by the Finno-Permic Komi people to refer to themselves, probably through Russian коми (komi). See Komi-Zyrian коми (komi) for further etymology.

A republic of Russia. Official name: Komi Republic.


Khanty

From Northern Khanty хӑнты (hănty, “Khanty person; Khanty (adj.)”), Southern Khanty хӑнтӛ (hăntjə, “Khanty person; man”), Eastern Khanty кӑнтӛг яг (kăntjəg jag, “Khanty people”), presumably from Proto-Uralic *kunta (“clan, kin, community”).

der

Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug
Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug

A member of an indigenous ethnic group living in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Russia.

խանտի

member of an ethnic group — see also Ostyak


Saraiki

From Saraiki سرائیکی (sarā'īkī), further etymology is disputed. There are multiple interpretations of this name's origin:
* From Sindhi سِرو (siro, “up-river, north”).
* From Sanskrit सौवीर (sauvīra, “Sauvira”).

unc

further etymology is disputed.

The Indo-Aryan language spoken by the Saraiki people.


Balti

A people who live in Baltistan, Gilgit and Kargil.


Kurd

Attested in English since roughly 1600, from Kurdish کورد (kurd) and Classical Persian کُرْد (kurd), from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (gurd /kurd/), ultimately of unknown origin. More at Kurds.

der

Curdi, B[arbarous]. a people which many think to be the Parthians, A[uncient]. But we cannot possiblie thinke them to be so. wherein we agree with Castaldo.

1595, Abraham Hartwell, The History of the Warres between the Turkes and the Persians, translation of Historia della guerra fra Turchi, et Persiani by Giovanni Tommaso Minadoi:

Mehemet took her for a man and said, “Good father, I am a Kurd: my story is very curious”

1865, Charles Wells, Mehemet, the Kurd, and Other Tales, from Eastern Sources, page 16:

After defeating IS in battle, Syria's Kurds are now eager to show they can bring justice against the group's members.

2018 May 8, Sarah El Deeb, “In a new justice system, Kurds put IS on trial eyeing reconciliation”, in Sydney Morning Herald:

A member of the linguistically and culturally distinct people who speak Kurdish and mainly inhabit those parts of Turkey, Iran, Iraq and Syria sometimes known as Kurdistan.

كُرْدِيّ

a member of the people inhabiting Kurdistan


Ossetian

The Eastern Iranian language spoken by these people.


Acholi

A Nilo-Saharan language spoken primarily by this people, in the districts of Gulu, Kitgum and Pader, a region known as Acholiland in northern Uganda.


Kansa

From a Siouan ethnonym; related to Kansas and Arkansas, see the latter for more information.

A Native American people who used to inhabit parts of Kansas.


Miwok

Miwok means "the people" in the native Utian language.

The Utian (Penutian) languages spoken by these groups.


Abkhaz

A Northwest Caucasian language spoken in Abkhazia.

аԥсуа

a Northwest Caucasian language spoken in Abkhazia


Berber

From Arabic بَرْبَرِيّ (barbariyy, “Berber”), from Ancient Greek βάρβαρος (bárbaros, “non-Greek, foreign, barbarian”), apparently imitative of foreign speech. Cognate of English barbarian.

Berbers are the best example of looped carpet […]

2009, Jean Nayar, Staged to Sell (or Keep) (page 55)

(plural only "Berbers") A kind of traditional rug manufactured by the Berber people.


Berber

A group of closely related Afroasiatic languages spoken in northern Africa, particularly Morocco and Algeria.


Berber

Of the Berber people, their culture, or their language.


Lusatian

The Slavic language spoken by the Lusatian people, closely related to Czech.


Wyandot

A placename:
Ellipsis of Wyandot County.


Zhuang

During the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution over 200 teeth of the giant ape were found in Chienshih County, Hupeh Province, and Pama County, the Kwangsi Chuang Autonomous Region.

[1975, “The Giant Ape”, in China Pictorial, number 5, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 44, column 3:

THE OFFICIAL NAME of Kuanghsi province is the Kuanghsi Chuang Autonomous Region. Next to the Han Chinese, the Chuang are China’s largest ethnic group. That surprises people. Most people would think it was the Manchus, or the Uigurs, or the Mongols, or the Tibetans. But in 1990 there were 15 million Chuang in China, compared to 10 million Manchus, 7 million Uigurs, 5 million Mongols, and 4.5 million Tibetans. Since most of China’s 15 million Chuang live in Kuanghsi, hence the province’s distinction as the Kuanghsi Chuang Autonomous Region.

[2015, Bill Porter, “The Chuang [壯族]”, in South of the Clouds: Travels in Southwest China, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 23:

A member of an ethnic group living mostly in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in southern China.


Ainu

From Japanese アイヌ (Ainu), from Ainu アイヌ (aynu, “person”).

The endangered language spoken by the Ainu ethnic group, generally considered a language isolate with no known relation to other languages.


Scotsman

Coordinate term: Scotswoman


Bihari

(uncountable) A group of Indo-Aryan languages spoken in Bihar and the surrounding states in India.


Avar

The extinct language of the Eurasian Avars, probably belonging to the Oghur branch of the Turkic language family.


Karuk

Borrowed from Karok káruk (“upstream, upriver (people)”), because they live upstream on the Klamath River while the Yurok live downstream.

bor+

The language spoken by this tribe, which is either a language isolate or perhaps Hokan.


Shan

From Burmese ရှမ်း (hram:), from Thai สยาม (sà-yǎam). Doublet of Siam.

The Thai proper are related to the Shans of Burma, the Siamese of Thailand and the Lao of Indochina. The Chinese segment of the Thai ethnic group is settled in Yünnan Province, where it numbers 580,000. It constitutes the Hsi-shuang-pan-na Autonomous Chou in the southern part of the province and shares the Tehung Autonomous Chou in the west with the Chingpo (Kachin). The Thai of the Hsi-shuang-pan-na Chou speak the Lü dialect, those of the Tehung Chou are more closely related to the Shans of northern Burma.

1956, Theodore Shabad, China's Changing Map: A Political and Economic Geography of The Chinese People's Republic, Frederick A. Praeger, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 42:

Although holding mainly high upland territory in Burma, the Shan themselves live only in the valleys and in stretches of plain. The surrounding hill country is occupied by relatively primitive hill peoples living in economic symbiosis with the Shan, but there is no clear genetic distinction between the Shan and their neighbours. With minor exceptions modern Shan communities are Buddhist. Most Shan are cultivators of rice; they have a characteristic species of feudal political structure. Shan culture probably diffused southward and westward from west-central China from Han times (c. 200 B.C.) onward.

1968, “SHAN”, in Encyclopedia Britannica, volume 20, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 344, column 2:

A member of a people living primarily in the Shan State of Myanmar (also known as Burma), and in adjacent areas of China, Thailand, Cambodia and Vietnam, with about 6 million people.


Brittish

en-adj

Brittish (comparative more Brittish, superlative most Brittish)

more Brittish (comparative)
most Brittish (superlative)

Nor have We been wanting in attentions to our Brittish brethren.

1776, Thomas Jefferson, others, The [United States'] Declaration of Independence:


Hakka

Of or relating to the Hakka (Kejia, 客家 (Kèjiā)), an ethnic group of the Han Chinese.


Hakka

The first county centre gone through, that of Tsengcheng, was full of new construction. After it, the language on the road right on into the Meihsien prefecture was Hakka.

1977 May, Rewi Alley, “Meihsien—the Great Hakka Centre”, in Eastern Horizon, volume XVI, number 5, Hong Kong: Eastern Horizon Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 16:

We passed through a large Hakka town (Hakka is a Chinese language, one of the three official languages in Taiwan; more on that in later posts) and then began to pitch and roll through a series of white-knuckling switchbacks up Hsinchu County Road 22.

2011 April 28, John MacMillan, “A day in Cingcyuan”, in a tiny revolution (Blog), archived from the original on 2024-02-07:

As a mainland China national, the counter for our trial was fluent in English, Putonghua, and the Sichuan dialect, and was familiar with a number of other major Chinese languages such as Cantonese and Hakka.

2019, Li Huang, James Lambert, “Another Arrow for the Quiver: A New Methodology for Multilingual Researchers”, in Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, →DOI, page 10:

A Chinese language mainly spoken in the south-eastern part of mainland China (Fujian, Jiangxi, Guangdong and Guangxi), Taiwan, Hong Kong, and by the Chinese minorities in Southeast Asia.


Bashkir

A Turkic language with many dialects, spoken in parts of Russia, Uzbekistan, and Kazakhstan.


Maasai

An Eastern Nilotic language spoken in Southern Kenya and Northern Tanzania by the Maasai people.


Pashtun

Borrowed from Pashto پښتون (pax̌tūn). Doublet of Pathan.

Pashto: the language of the Pashtun ethnic group.


Santa Cruz

From Spanish and Portuguese Santa Cruz (“Holy Cross”), various places named in honor of the True Cross upon which Jesus was crucified. Doublet of Holy Cross and Saint Croix.

A barangay of Cebu City, Cebu, Philippines.

census-designated place
census-designated place

A census-designated place in Pinal County, Arizona, United States.

A locality in Pima County, Arizona, United States.

Santa Barbara County
Santa Barbara County#English

An island in Santa Barbara County, California, off the coast, one of the Channel Islands.

A census-designated place in Santa Fe County, New Mexico, United States; suburb of Santa Fe.

A former census-designated place in Starr County, Texas, United States, now split into the El Chaparral and Santa Rosa CDP's.

A census-designated place in Starr County, Texas, United States, unrelated to the former CDP of the same name.


Bushman

A person who lives in the bush, especially a member of a community or ethnic group who lives in the bush.


Toltec

From Spanish tolteca, from Nahuatl tōltēcah, plural of tōltēcatl (“inhabitant of Tollan”), from Tōllān + -catl.

A member of a pre-Columbian Native American people who dominated much of central Mexico between the 10th and 12th centuries AD.


white man

The arrival of the white man brought new things and new ideas, but also new wars and new diseases.

Savages are commonly supposed to be the slaves of custom to a far greater degree than the White Man, who by contrast appears as the child of reason.

1927, A. M. Hocart, Are Savages Custom-Bound?, in Man, vol. 27

[…] very little attempt seems to have been made so far to deal with the whole problem of the African in contact with white man’s law, […]

1933, G. St. J. Orde Browne, British Justice and the African, in the Journal of the Royal African Society, vol. 32, no. 127

Well the Aboriginals are trying to step forward a little but in a lot of ways the white man is still keeping them down, in a politeful sort of way.

1992, Bruce Shaw, When the Dust Come in Between, page 149:

White people collectively; white culture.


Rumsen

One of eight divisions of the Ohlone Native American people of northern California native to Monterey Bay Area.


Costanoan

From Spanish Costeños (“coastal people”). The Spanish explorers and Missionaries to Northern California called the native people of the San Francisco and Monterey Bay Areas the Costeños as early as 1769.

A member of the Ohlone people, native to the San Francisco and Monterey Bay Areas, California.


Ohlone

A member of an indigenous population native to the San Francisco and Monterey Bay Areas, California.


Ohlone

The Utian (Penutian) family of languages of this people.


Yakut

From Russian яку́т (jakút), from Proto-Turkic *yaka (“collar; edge”). Related to Yakut саха (saqa) via earlier *čaqa < *ǰaqa. Compare Turkish yaka (“collar”). The ending -ут possibly contains the Mongol plural suffix; compare Buryat яхад (jaxad, “Yakuts”).

One of a Siberian people who speak a Turkic language, and live in the Lena river basin.


Circassian

Adyghe language
Kabardian language
Ubykh language

A North Caucasian language group spoken in Circassia in North West Caucasus Russia.


Mixtec

Borrowed from Spanish mixteco, alteration of mixteca, from Classical Nahuatl mixtēcah (“Mixtecs”, plural).

der

A member of a Mesoamerican people who live primarily in southern Mexico.


Mixtec

en-adj

Mixtec (comparative more Mixtec, superlative most Mixtec)

more Mixtec (comparative)
most Mixtec (superlative)

Relating to the Mixtecs or their language.


Mixtec

The language or language family of this people.


Aklanon

An Austronesian (Visayan) language spoken in the Philippines.


Mende

A large West African ethnic group, speakers of the Mende language, living primarily in Sierra Leone and Liberia.


Arawak

From Kari'na Aruwako, from the name in Lokono.

A member of an Amerindian people who lived in the region of the Caribbean when the Spanish arrived in America.


Mutsun

The extinct language of this people, an Ohlone dialect in the Utian family.


Skolt

A member of a small ethnic Sami fraction living in northern Finland and nearby areas of Russia. The Skolts have their own language, Skolt Sami.


Lake Miwok

A division of the Miwok people, who resided in the Clear Lake basin, California.

The Utian (Penutian) language spoken by this people.


Valley Miwok

The eastern Miwok groups of people native to the Sacramento Valley, comprising the Plains Miwok, Bay Miwok, and Sierra Miwok.


Coast Miwok

A division of the Miwok people, who resided north of the San Francisco Bay.


Plains Miwok

A division of the Miwok people, who resided in the general area of modern San Joaquin County and parts of Sacramento Valley, California.


Karkin

One of eight divisions of the Ohlone Native American people of northern California.

The spoken language by this people, an Ohlone dialect in the Utian family.


Tamyen

The spoken language of this people, an Ohlone dialect in the Utian family.


Bodega Miwok

A subdivision of the Coast Miwok people, who resided at Bodega Bay, California.


Bodega Miwok

The dialect of Coast Miwok language spoken by this people.


Sierra Miwok

The linguistic divisions of Miwok people who resided in the western foothills Sierra Nevada Mountains, California (often sub-divided on maps as Northern Sierra Miwok, Central Sierra Miwok, and Southern Sierra Miwok).


Bay Miwok

A division of the Miwok people, who resided east of the San Francisco Bay.


Chochenyo

The language of this people, an Ohlone dialect in the Utian family.


Santa Clara

The Spanish named a California Mission Santa Clara de Asís after Saint Clare of Assisi in the late 18th century. Eventually the name was extended by linguists to mean the native Tamyen people gathered at the mission and their primary language.

Santa Clara County
Santa Clara County#English

A city in Santa Clara County, California, United States.


Marin Miwok

A subdivision of the Coast Miwok people, who resided in present-day Marin County, California.


Chalon

One of eight divisions of the Ohlone Native American people of northern California native to the Salinas Valley.


Ramaytush

From Northern Ohlone Rammay-tuš (“people from the west”), used by the Chochenyo people of the East Bay.


Soledad

A city in Monterey County, California, United States.


San Carlos

San Mateo County
San Mateo County#English

A city in San Mateo County, California, United States.

A town in Gila County, Arizona, United States.

One name for the mission located in Monterey County, California

A native people of the Monterey County region.

The native language spoken in the Monterey County region.


Carmel

From Hebrew כַּרְמֶל (karmél, “vineyard of El/God”).

A city, valley, and river in Monterey County, California, United States. The full name of the city is Carmel-by-the-Sea.

One name for the mission located in Monterey County, California.

Penobscot County
Penobscot County#English

Other places in the United States:
A town in Penobscot County, Maine.

An unincorporated community in Waupaca County, Wisconsin.


Cora

Apparently brought up in English literature by James Fenimore Cooper in The Last of the Mohicans (1826), but compare a female heroine of this name in Jean-François Marmontel's Les Incas (1777) and the Ancient Greek epithet Κόρη (Kórē) for Περσεφόνη (Persephónē). It could also refer directly to κόρη (kórē, “maiden”).

The youth had turned to speak to the dark-eyed Cora, when the distant sound of horses hoofs, clattering over the roots of the broken way in his rear, caused him to check his charger;

1826, James Fenimore Cooper, The Last of the Mohicans/Chapter 2:

"Where are you from originally, Coral?" "Indiana." "Lots of Corals out there, I bet." She hesitated, seemed about to flare, and then smiled instead, showing a little gap between two front teeth. "Well, it was Cora Lucille, I guess, " she said, still smiling, looking very much like a Cora Lucille in that moment. Hawes imagined pigtails tied with polka-dot rags.

1990, Ed McBain, Vespers, Mandarin, published 1991, →ISBN, page 78:


Afro-Argentine

In the case of Afro-Argentines, as in the case of Argentina's Indians and gauchos, this tactic arguably succeeded. Although blacks constituted about 10 percent of Argentina's population in 1810, by 1887 their numbers had dropped to less than 2 percent, and have continued to drop down to the present day. ...

1999, Joyce Moss, Latin American Literature and Its Times:

The official mouthpiece of the Rosas government, La Gaceta Mercantil, praised Afro-Argentines as “valiant defenders of liberty who have won fame and glory in a hundred battles,” adding that “General Rosas so appreciates the mulattos and morenos that he has no objection to seating them at his table and eating with them.”
In other respects, however, the persistence of racism against Afro-Argentines, Indians, and gauchos showed regrettable continuities with the colonial past.

2005, Jeffrey M. Shumway, The Case of the Ugly Suitor & Other Histories of Love, Gender, & Nation in Buenos Aires, 1776-1870:

(chiefly historical) An Argentine of African descent.


Cymric

From Welsh Cymru (“Wales”) + -ic (adjective-forming suffix). Doublet of Cumbric and cognate with English Cambrian and Cymry.

(rare) Synonym of Welsh, the language of the Welsh people.


Cymric

Manx cat

the original, short-haired version of the breed

A breed of domestic cat, developed in Canada, principally characterized by suppression of the tail and by a semi-long-haired coat, with a medium-sized, rounded, cobby body; it is the longhair version of the Manx cat.

(rare) Synonym of Walian: a Welsh person, a Welshman or Welshwoman.


Cymric

Synonym of Welsh: of or related to Wales, the Welsh people, or the Welsh language.


Lapp

From Swedish lapp, possibly of Finnish origin. Compare Finnish Lappi.


Tocharian

General American, Mary–marry–merry merger

From Latin Tochari + -ian, from Ancient Greek Τόχαροι (Tókharoi, “Kucheans”) (see Τόχαρος (Tókharos)), probably from an Indo-Iranian source (Old Persian [script needed] (tuxāri-), Khotanese [script needed] (ttahvāra)); compare Sanskrit तुखार (tukhāra).

der

(linguistics) An extinct branch of the Indo-European language family, consisting of two languages, Tocharian A and Tocharian B, written in an abugida derived from Brahmi.


ang moh

/ɑŋ(˨)ˈmɔː(˨˦)/

Borrowed from Hokkien 紅毛／红毛 (âng-mô͘, “person of Western descent”, literally “red hair”).

zh-l

Apart from skin colour, I have nothing in common with these Caucasians. To be honest, I have very little in common with the expatriates who live in Singapore either. For a start, most of the ang mohs that live here, particularly the ones from Britain, tend to come from the upper-middle classes.

2001, Neil Humphreys, Notes from an Even Smaller Island, Singapore: Times Books International, published 2005, →ISBN; republished as Notes from an Even Smaller Island: Singapore through a Young Brit’s Eyes, Singapore: Marshall Cavendish Editions, 2004, →ISBN, page 208:

Zhen decided he liked Robert, although the Englishman smiled too much. Perhaps this was the ang mo way. In China, if a man smiled too much he was considered effeminate, but Zhen noticed that Baba Tan was completely at ease with them and laughed and smiled more in their company than when he was with the Chinese.

2007, Dawn Farnham, chapter 23, in The Red Thread: A Chinese Tale of Love and Fate in 1830s Singapore (The Straits Quartet; 1), Singapore: Monsoon Books, →ISBN:

Suyin recognized him immediately—the tall, uncomfortable-looking white man, the ang moh standing guard by the only unoccupied table in the cafe.

2010, Shirley Geok-lin Lim, chapter 8, in Joss and Gold, Singapore: Marshall Cavendish Editions, →ISBN, page 254:

[H]e attracted the attention of a food vendor and pointed at a pot consisting of different cuts of meat stewed in a dark soy sauce broth, served with flat rice noodles on the side. The food vendors, or hawkers, smiled at each other beatifically while ladling out the hot soup and meat in a bowl. They were probably thinking something on the lines of, "The stupid angmoh doesn't know what he is about to eat!" Angmoh, literally meaning "red hair," is the Hokkien Chinese collective term for Caucasians.

2011, Edmund M. Schirmer, “Finding Home Again”, in When there were Tigers in Singapore: A Family Saga of the Japanese Occupation, Singapore: Marshall Cavendish Editions, →ISBN, page 38:

With my kind of career and background, I have the best of both worlds. You can't tell me I'm that ang moh (Caucasian) who doesn't understand. I'm the Asian who's been through the same challenges, and I would show you how to overcome them.

2015 August 1, Wong Wei Han, quoting Stephen Krempl, “One bold move catapulted him to global stage: Man who heads his own HR consulting firm believes his willingness to stand out from the crowd and be counted was key to his success”, in The Straits Times, Singapore, archived from the original on 2015-09-01:

"Ang moh" is still used today with an implicit sense of the cultural power ang mohs wield in postcolonial Singapore, whether we admit it anot.

2017, Gwee Li Sui, “England”, in Spiaking Singlish: A Companion to how Singaporeans Communicate, Singapore: Marshall Cavendish Editions, →ISBN, pages 67–68:

(Singapore, Malaysia, informal, possibly mildly derogatory) A white person, especially one perceived as a foreigner rather than a local inhabitant.


Laz

A Kartvelian language of Turkey and Caucasian Georgia, related to Georgian, Mingrelian, and Svan.


Vogul

The Finno-Ugric language spoken in Khantia-Mansia.


Liv

A female given name. From Norwegian, Danish, and Swedish, from Old Norse "hlíf," meaning "defense, protection; byrnie, shield" Influenced by the modern Scandinavian word "liv" meaning "life."


Welsher

(rare, obsolete) Synonym of Walian: a Welsh person, a Welshman or Welshwoman.


Issa

Alternative form of Iswa (the Catawba, a Native American people who inhabit the Carolinas).


Balochi

A Northwestern Iranian language spoken mainly in SW Pakistan (80% of speakers), SE Iran and S Afghanistan. SIL standard divides Balochi into three related languages, Eastern Balochi, Southern Balochi and Western Balochi.


Maratha

/məˈɾaː.ʈʰə /


Pathan

Borrowed from Hindustani پٹھان / पठान (paṭhān). Doublet of Pashtun.

After long deliberation about the choice of nations, I became a “Pathán.”

1855, Sir Richard Burton, Personal Narrative of a Pilgrimage to Al-Madinah and Meccah, Dover, published 1964, pages 44–5:

(British India, South Asia) Synonym of Pashtun; a member of the Pashto-speaking people of today’s north-west Pakistan and south-east Afghanistan.


Ingush

From Russian Ингуши (Inguši), from Ангушт (Angušt), a former important settlement of the people.

The language of the Ingush, a member of the Nakh family.


Kalmyk

Transliteration of Russian калмы́к m anim sg (kalmýk, noun), itself a Turkic exonym ultimately from Proto-Turkic *kiāl-mak (“to stay behind”, literally “those who stayed behind”).

der

A Mongolic language, spoken in and around Kalmykia in Russia.


Tuvan

A Turkic language spoken around the area of Tuva.


Buryat

We met the President of the Republic, Salomon M. Ivanov, who is a native Buryat.

1948, Henry A. Wallace, Andrew Jacob Steiger, Soviet Asia Mission, →OCLC, →OL, page 54:

布里亞特人

Bùlǐyɑ̀tèrén


Buryat

A Mongolic language spoken around Buryatia.


Ganda

Now Kirabo understood why the Ganda considered the selling of family land an abomination. But then again, after Amin’s regime, which had left the Ganda desperately impoverished, things were changing.

2020, Jennifer Nansubuga Makumbi, The First Woman, Oneworld Publications, page 394:

A member of the ethnic group of Uganda who speak the Luganda language.


Swazi

From Zulu iSwazi, after the name of an early chief, Mswati. The alternative forms come from Swazi liSwati.

A Bantu language primarily spoken in Swaziland/Eswatini and the South African regions adjacent to it.


French-Canadian

en-adj

French-Canadian (comparative more French-Canadian, superlative most French-Canadian)

more French-Canadian (comparative)
most French-Canadian (superlative)

Of or relating to Francophone Canadians or French Canada.

Of or relating to Canadians of French ancestry or descent.


French Canadian

(US) The French language as spoken in Canada, Canadian French.


Oghuz

From Turkish Oğuz, from Old Turkic 𐰆𐰍𐰕 (uǧz), a term for a tribal military division, perhaps in origin an early plural of 𐰸 (ok, “kin”) (arrows in early Turkic culture were used as symbolizing such tribes or divisions in ceremonial or ritual contexts).

A subbranch of the Turkic language family. The three languages with the largest number of speakers are Turkish, Azerbaijani, and Turkmen.


Sts'Ailes

From Halkomelem Stsʼaʼí:les (the name of a village, literally “beating heart”). Doublet of Chehalis.

bor

A First Nations people in the Lower Mainland of the Canadian province of British Columbia.


Sasak

The language spoken by the Sasak people.


Jurchen

From a reconstruction of Jurchen *jörcen, attested via Middle Chinese 竹里真 (ʈɨuk̚ lɨ^X t͡ɕiɪn) and Khitan 𘲮𘯤𘰭 (*ju rả n), developed under the influence of Manchu ᠵᡠᡵᠴᡳᡨ (jurcit) and Classical Mongolian ᠵᠦᠷᠴᠢᠳ (ǰürčid). Vajda argues for a derivation from a Proto-Tungusic word meaning "reindeer people", cognate with the Orochs of Russia's Khabarovsk Province and the Oroks of Sakhalin.

A member of a medieval and early modern Tungusic people, progenitors of the Manchus.


Jurchen

An extinct Tungusic language (code jur), related to Manchu.


Kamasin

A member of an extinct Samoyedic tribe that lived in Siberia.


Malayali

A member of an ethnic group in south-west India, traditionally, residents of the state of Kerala who speak Malayalam.


Taino

From Taíno taino (“lord, noble, foremost”).

He was accepted as a Taino now and must adapt to their ways.

2015, Donald H Sullivan, Turnbull's Slaves: A Minorcan Story - Plus Taino, Lulu Press, Inc, →ISBN:

Following the birth of a baby, Tainos would perform a naming ritual where the child would be pronounced as a Taino and a human being (Keegan, 1997).

2016, Hector Y. Adames, Nayeli Y. Chavez-Dueñas, Cultural Foundations and Interventions in Latino/a Mental Health: History, Theory and within Group Differences, Routledge, →ISBN, page 24:

A member of a group of pre-Columbian indigenous inhabitants of the Bahamas, Greater Antilles, and some of the Lesser Antilles.


Lunda

The language of the BaLunda people of central Africa.


Caddo

Clipping of French Kadohadacho, from Caddo kadawdáachuh.

A Caddoan language of the Southern Plains of the United States, spoken by the Caddo Nation of Oklahoma.


Akha

An ethnic group and Tibeto-Burman language spoken in Burma, China, and neighboring countries.


Karamojong

* From Karamojong language. The name means "the old men sat down", referring to a migration.

(linguistics) A Nilo-Saharan language of Uganda.


Karakalpak

/ˌkæɹəˈkælpæk/

A Turkic language of Uzbekistan and neighboring countries.


Khitan

Borrowed from Khitan 𘱿𘲫 (*qid ún) or 𘱿𘱤 (*qid i) under influence from Chinese 契丹 (Qìdān), and Mongolian Кидан (Kidan).
Doublet of Cathay. Cognate with Russian Кита́й (Kitáj, “China”) and the various forms of Cathay (“legendary northern medieval China”) in European languages.

A member of the Mongolic people who ruled Manchuria, then northern China as the Liao, then Central Asia as the Qara Khitais, from the 9th to 13th century C.E..


Huave

Their language, which is a language isolate with several dialects.


Hui

In Hui restaurants in towns such as Wuchung and Chungning, restaurant workers wearing the white caps of the Hui nationality serve customers. Most government institutions, factories and schools in different parts of the autonomous region have set up dining rooms for the Huis, where their special foods are served.

1978 November [1978 October 16], “Religious Life Never Interfered With”, in Eastern Horizon, volume XVII, number 11, Hong Kong: Eastern Horizon Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 16:

This compact collection of households comprises nine teams that are almost 100 percent Hui, a rarity in central and northern Ningxia, where Hui are thinly distributed among the majority Han population. Yongning county is only 12.9 percent Hui, a relatively small minority in contrast to neighboring Lingwu county in the southeast, which is 47 percent Hui, and southern Jingyuan county, which is 97 percent Hui (the highest concentration of Hui in one county in China).

2002, Dru C. Gladney, “Ethnoreligious Resurgence in a Northwestern Sufi Community”, in Susan D. Blum, Lionel M. Jensen, editors, China Off Center: Mapping the Margins of the Middle Kingdom, Honolulu: University of Hawaiʻi Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 109:

Within Xi’an, Hui and Han alike eat roujiamo, the Chinese hamburger: meat tucked into flatbread that’s been crisped on the grill until it shows tiger skin on one side — shades of orange and black — and a chrysanthemum whorl on the other. The Han make it with long-braised pork, doused with a spoonful of its own broth, and the Hui with beef or lamb, stewed, then salted and dried.

2020 May 11, Ligaya Mishan, “Eating in Xi’an, Where Wheat and Lamb Speak to China’s Varied Palette”, in The New York Times, archived from the original on 2020-05-11:

An ethnic group of China, distinguished by their practice of Islam, who speak Mandarin (or Dungan in Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, and Russia).


Paiwan

(uncountable) The Formosan language of the Paiwan people.


Göktürk

Borrowed from Turkish Göktürk, from gök (“sky, blue”) + Türk (“Turk”).

A member of a powerful nomadic confederation in medieval Asia


Lisu

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 傈僳 (Lìsù), 𤠫𤢂, etc.

There are more than a hundred such groups, including the Karen of Thailand and Burma; the Kachin in Burma; the Akha, the Lahu, and the Lisu in Thailand; the Hmong, the Kmhmu, and the Yao in Laos; and the Nùng and the Lati in Vietnam.

2011, Terry Miller, Sean Williams, The Garland Handbook of Southeast Asian Music, page 303:

A member of a Tibeto-Burman ethnic group inhabiting the mountainous regions of Yunnan (southwestern China), Arunachal Pradesh (northeastern India), northern Myanmar and Thailand.


Khoekhoe

From Khoekhoe Khoekhoe.n (“Khoekhoe people”), from khoe.b (“human being”).

A member of a Southern African people, formerly known as Hottentots.


Gagauz

/ˌɡæɡɑːˈuːz/

The language of Gagauzia and the Gagauz people.


Romanichal

en-noun

Romanichal (plural Romanichals or Romanichal)

Romanichals (plural)
Romanichal (plural)

/ˈɹɒmɪnɪtʃæl/

/ˈɹɑmɪniˌt͡ʃæl/

A member of a Romani people found in the United Kingdom.


Kalenjin

A member of an ethnic group of Nilotic origin living in the Great Rift Valley in western Kenya and eastern Uganda.


BLM

(pharmacology) Abbreviation of bleomycin.


BLM

The latrines and community showers are sinful indulgences, compared to her BLM cabin, with its frigid sponge baths on the porch at night.

2018, Richard Powers, The Overstory, Vintage (2019), page 176:

Bureau of Land Management
w:Bureau of Land Management

(US) Initialism of Bureau of Land Management: an agency within the United States Department of the Interior responsible for administering public lands, created in 1946.

Bureau of Land Management

Initialism of Black Lives Matter: an international human rights movement, originated in 2013 within the African-American community, which campaigns against violence and systemic racism towards black people.


black man

black man (countable and uncountable, plural black men)

Coordinate term: black woman

I saw a black man with a dog and a white man on a bicycle.

A male adult member of an ethnic group having dark pigmentation of the skin, typically of sub-Saharan African descent; or the appearance thereof.


Aramaean

From the Latin Aramaeī, from the Ancient Greek Ἀραμαῖοι (Aramaîoi), from Hebrew ארם (aram), the biblical name of a land of Upper Mesopotamia falling within modern Syria.

Any member of a West Semitic semi-nomadic and pastoralist people who lived in the Levant and later also in upper Mesopotamia (Biblical Aram) during the Late Bronze Age and the Iron Age. They spoke Aramaic.


Yukaghir

Borrowed from Russian юкагир (jukagir). The part yuka- may derive from Southern Yukaghir йуукэ (jūke, “far, distant”) or juk (“small”), if not from a word from some other language, because the most common endonyms used by Yukaghirs are Southern Yukaghir одул (odul) and Northern Yukaghir вадул (wadul). The suffix -ghir is likely from Evenki -гир (-gir), which is a very common ending in names of Evenki, Even and Orochon tribes.


Yukaghir

pertaining to the Yukaghir ethnic group of Siberia.


Yukaghir

(linguistics) A language family consisting of two closely related languages spoken in Siberia.


Wiyot

The now-extinct Algic language of the Wiyot people.


De'ang

An ethnic minority group found in Southern China and Burma. Languages spoken in regions populated by this group include Palé, Riang, Rumai, and Shwe, all of which belong to the Palaungic sub-group of the Khasi-Khmuic family of languages.


Bajau

Learned borrowing from Indonesian Bajau bajau.

lbor

1937, W. F. Schneeberger, A Short Vocabulary of the Banggai and Bajau Language:

2007, Mark T. Miller, A Grammar of West Coast Bajau, PhD Thesis.

(linguistic) The native language spoken by the Bajau people (the indigenous of Bajau island in Indonesia).


Kushan

Epigraphic (Bactrian in Greek script) ΚΟϷΑΝ košan, Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Guṣāṇa, Parthian kšn, ultimately from Chinese 貴霜／贵霜 (Guìshuāng). The conventional name Kushan and the proposed connection with the Chinese term is due to Alexander Cunningham's Coins of the Indo-Scythians, Sakas & Kushans (1899).

(history) An ancient Indo-Scythian or Tocharian kingdom in Central Asia and Northern India.


Kushan

en-adj

Kushan (comparative more Kushan, superlative most Kushan)

more Kushan (comparative)
most Kushan (superlative)

(history) Of or relating to the Kushans or the Kushan realm.

Kušanų

of or relating to the Kushans or the Kushan realm


English-Canadian

English-Canadian (comparative more English-Canadian, superlative most English-Canadian)

more English-Canadian (comparative)
most English-Canadian (superlative)

Of or relating to Anglophone Canadians, of English Canada.

kanada anglalingva

anglophone Canadian, English-speaking Canadian, English-language Canadian


Arakanese

Arakanese (comparative more Arakanese, superlative most Arakanese)

more Arakanese (comparative)
most Arakanese (superlative)


Aracanese

Aracanese (comparative more Aracanese, superlative most Aracanese)

more Aracanese (comparative)
most Aracanese (superlative)

(historical) Of or pertaining to Aracan (or Arakan) in British Burma, corresponding to the modern Rakhine State.


Cayuga

Borrowing from Cayuga gayogo̱hó꞉nǫʼ (“they live in the big swamp”)

bor

Haldimand County
Haldimand County#English

An unincorporated community, the county seat of Haldimand County, Ontario; named for the Cayuga people.


Hmar

A tribal people from Northeast India who belong to Chin-Kuki-Mizo/Zo people.


Arverni

/ɑːɹˈvɜːɹnaɪ/

(historical) A member of an ancient, powerful Gallic tribe living in what is now the Auvergne region of France, who opposed the Romans on several occasions.


Modoc

From Klamath-Modoc moatokni (“southerner”).

Any member of a Native American tribe formerly living in California and Oregon, and now in Oklahoma as well.