en-proper noun

the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office

(UK politics) The official full name of the Foreign Office.

bureau des Affaires étrangères et du Commonwealth

Ufficio degli esteri, del Commonwealth e dello sviluppo

Ministerstvo inostrannyx del i meždunarodnovo razvitija Velikobritanii

Министерство иностранных дел и международного развития Великобритании

Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores y de la Mancomunidad de Naciones


Bagheli

A Central Indo-Aryan language spoken in the Baghelkhand region of central India.


Betsey

A diminutive of the female given name Elizabeth


Chas.

Abbreviation of Charles.; A male given name


Bhumij

A Munda language spoken by the people in the Indian states of Jharkhand, Odisha, and West Bengal; often considered to be a dialect of Mundari.


Shanelle

From French Chanel, after Coco Chanel and under influence from -elle.

A female given name of African-American usage.


Samkova

A female surname from the Slavic languages, masculine equivalent Samkov.


Akeem

A male given name from Arabic, variant of Hakim


Jourdaine

/ˈd͡ʒɔː(ɹ)dən/


Bobbikins

(childish) A diminutive of the male given name Bobbie

(childish) A diminutive of the female given name Bobbie


Samkov

A male surname from the Slavic languages, feminine equivalent Samkova.


Devendra

From Sanskrit देवेन्द्र (devendra, “chief of the gods”).


Patsie

A diminutive of the female given name Patricia


Lobsang

Borrowed from Tibetan བློ་བཟང (blo bzang).


Castelnau

Originally from Occitan. Apparently named after the 10th Baron of Castelnau and St Croix, who lived in Barnes after fleeing from France.

Richmond upon Thames
Richmond upon Thames#English

A road and neighbourhood in Barnes, borough of Richmond upon Thames, Greater London, England (OS grid ref TQ2277).


SpAd

(UK politics, informal) Alternative letter-case form of spad (“special adviser”)


Italian English

en-noun

Italian English (plural Italian Englishes)

A dialect of blended Italian dialects and English, spoken primarily in the USA.

English as spoken in mainland Italy or as a second language by Italians.


Jaq

A diminutive of the female given name Jacqueline and similar.


Caity

A diminutive of the female given name Caitlin and similar.


Musgu

A language of the Biu–Mandara subgroup of the Chadic languages.


Stinkomalee

Coined by Theodore Hook, apparently Blend of stink + Trincomalee, perhaps because some cow-houses and dunghills stood on the original site.

(UK, slang, derogatory, obsolete) The University of London.


Mexmut

Mexmut Sulayman, b. 1968


Orok

A language that belongs to the Tungusic language family and is spoken by the Orok people.


Udihe

A language that belongs to the Tungusic language family and is spoken by the Udihe people.


Abeer

Transliteration of Arabic عَبِير (ʕabīr).


Kinnie

Alternative form of Kenny
A male given name


Jords

A diminutive of the unisex given name Jordan and similar.


Nabby

A diminutive of the female given name Abigail, from Hebrew


Bre

A diminutive of the female given name Breanna.


Church-of-Englandism

The religious practices and customs of the Church of England.


Kalinago

The extinct Arawakan language of these people.


Irisher

Then some of the neighbours at home had tried to frighten her when naughty by saying, 'I'll give you to them old Irishers; see if I don't, then!'

1945, Flora Thompson, Lark Rise to Candleford:

(dated or humorous) Synonym of Irishman: an Irish person.


Gweniver

From Cornish, from Middle Cornish Gwynnever, from Proto-Brythonic *Gwɨnnohuɨβar. Cognate with English Jennifer.


Firbolg

(Irish mythology) The fourth group of people to settle in Ireland, descended from the Muintir Nemid, an earlier group who abandoned Ireland and went to different parts of Europe.


Seabert

From Old English Sæberht, the name of a king of Essex. Compound of Old English sǣ (“sea”) + beorht (“bright”).


Raewyn

Possibly a compound of the names Rae and Wynn.


Jupiterian

en-adj

Jupiterian (comparative more Jupiterian, superlative most Jupiterian)

more Jupiterian (comparative)
most Jupiterian (superlative)

(astrology, rare) Pertaining to the planet Jupiter.

He soon discovered that the role itself was anything but normal in a nation that wants presidents to be at once Jupiterian and close to the people.

2023 June 10, Roula Khalaf, “Lunch with the FT: François Holland”, in FT Weekend, Life & Arts, page 3:

(figurative) Jovian; elevated, rarefied.


Jupiterian

(chiefly science fiction, rare) An imaginary inhabitant of the planet Jupiter.


Huastec

Via Spanish huasteco from the Nahuatl word cuextécatl, which has two possible origins, either the word cuachalolotl (Nahuatl for small snail) or huaxitl (Nahuatl for river tamarind, also known as guaje)


Abbreviation of second independence referendum.

(Scotland, informal) A proposed second referendum on Scottish independence

Proposed second Scottish independence referendum


Oxo cube

Rhyming slang for Tube. Oxo is a brand of stock cubes.

For instance, on the oxo cube 'tube' the weasler or porter has changed into the less descriptive stationman […]

1981, Peter Wright, Cockney Dialect and Slang, page 74:

On the Oxo Cube to London

Cockney rhyming slang
Cockney rhyming slang

(Cockney rhyming slang) The London Underground rail network.


Gyalrong

The speakers of the Gyalrong language, inhabiting the southern part of Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture of Sichuan, China.


Guianan

Guianan (comparative more Guianan, superlative most Guianan)

more Guianan (comparative)
most Guianan (superlative)


Mamprusi

A Gur language spoken in northern Ghana by the Mamprusi people, related to Dagbani.


Tripti

Transliteration of Hindi तृप्ति (tŕpti). Doublet of Trupti.


Ruddhi

Transliteration of Marathi ऋद्धि (ŕddhi). Doublet of Riddhi.


Prabha

Transliteration of Hindi प्रभा (prabhā) or Sanskrit प्रभा (prabhā).


Shushrusha

Transliteration of Hindi शुश्रूषा (śuśrūṣā) or Sanskrit शुश्रूषा (śuśrūṣā).

Sanskrit शुश्रूषा (śuśrūṣā)

A female given name from Hindi or Sanskrit.


Trupti

Transliteration of Marathi तृप्ती (tŕptī). Doublet of Tripti.


Suramya

Transliteration of Hindi सुरम्य (suramya) or Sanskrit सुरम्य (suramya).


Suramya

Transliteration of Hindi सुरम्या (suramyā) or Sanskrit सुरम्या (suramyā).


Riddhi

Transliteration of Hindi ऋद्धि (ŕddhi). Doublet of Ruddhi.


Itzhak

A male given name from Hebrew, variant of Isaac


Istvaeones

(historical) A Germanic group of tribes living near the banks of the Rhine during the Roman Empire and reportedly sharing a common culture and origin.


Miriwoong

A Djeragan Australian Aboriginal language spoken in Kununurra in northern Western Australia.


Kituba

Republic of the Congo
Republic of the Congo

Democratic Republic of the Congo
Democratic Republic of the Congo

A creole language based on Kikongo, spoken in the Republic of the Congo and the Democratic Republic of the Congo


Kimbundu

A Bantu language, the second-most-widely-spoken Bantu language in Angola.


Lyudmila

From Russian Людмила (Ljudmila) or Ukrainian Людмила (Ljudmyla).


Esmee

Anglicized spelling of the French Esmée or Esmé


Dramatic Prakrit

Those standard forms of Prakrit dialects that were used in dramas and other literature of medieval India.


Ardhamagadhi Prakrit

A Middle Indo-Aryan language and a Dramatic Prakrit thought to have been spoken in modern-day Uttar Pradesh and used in some early Buddhist and Jain drama.


Treyvon

A male given name originating as a coinage, of African-American usage


Mamata

Mamata Banerjee, b. 1955


Immie

A diminutive of the female given name Imogen


Norway-plus

From the similarity to Norway's arrangement, with plus denoting the addition of a customs union outside of EFTA.

European Economic Area
European Economic Area

(UK, politics) A proposal for a post-Brexit settlement that would have consisted of membership of the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) and the European Economic Area as an EFTA member state, combined with a separate customs union with the European Union.


Euhemerus

From Latin Euhemerus, from Ancient Greek Εὐήμερος (Euḗmeros, from εὐ- (eu-, “good-, well-”) + ἥμερος (hḗmeros, “tamed, civilized, domesticated”)).

der

A transliteration of the Ancient Greek male given name Εὐήμερος (Euḗmeros).


bossy r

(education) The letter r (in certain English words, such as bird and sort) that modifies the pronunciation of the preceding vowel.


working hard or hardly working

(informal, humorous) Used as a question to point out the listener's laziness.


Cantre'r Gwaelod

Holonym: Cardigan Bay

A mythical sunken city in Wales, United Kingdom.


Jacque

A diminutive of the female given names Jacqueline or Jacquelyn.


Meggy

A diminutive of the female given name Margaret.

A diminutive of the female given name Megan.


Marylandian

A native or inhabitant of the U.S. state of Maryland.


Puntarenian

A native or resident of Punta Arenas, Chile.


Mica

A unisex given name from Hebrew, variant of Micah


Connecticutensian

Heard a pretty sensible Yalensian Connecticutensian preacher.

[1771 June 9, John Adams, “Diary, with Passages from an Autobiography”, in The Works of John Adams, Second President of the United States: With a Life of the Author, Notes and Illustrations, by His Granson Charles Francis Adams, volume II, Boston, Mass.: Charles C. Little and James Brown, published 1850, page 275:

Another reaſon for the obſcurity in which the Connecticutenſians have hitherto been involved, is to be found among their own ſiniſter views and purpoſes.[…]Religion and Government.—Properly ſpeaking, the Connecticutenſians have neither, nor ever had; but, in pretence, they excel the whole world, except Boſton and Spain.

1781, [Samuel Peters], A General History of Connecticut, from Its First Settlement under George Fenwick, Esq. to Its Latest Period of Amity with Great Britain; […], London: […] the Author; […] J[ohn] Bew, […], pages iv–v (Preface) and 278–279:

Hugh Peters’s History of Connecticut, printed in London, 1781, can hardly be known to many of our readers. The author states, that the Connecticutensians have been involved in obscurity, by a cloud of prejudice and knavery; for that Doctor Mather and Mr. Neal suppressed “what are called in New-England, unnecessary truths.”

1834 February, “Connecticut as it was”, in J[oseph] T[inker] Buckingham, editor, The New-England Magazine, volume VI, Boston, Mass.: […] J[oseph] T[inker] Buckingham, page 121:

Bread and pork!—who of the poxed, deliquescent army was more qualified to supply it than our piratical Connecticutensian, so ready with his Lathrop-training, to give service, and also “fill his pocket”?[…]The two New Hampshire regiments, and the Connecticutensians, poured deadly volleys across the clearing.[…]Again Arnold hurls thunder with those Connecticutensians, and this time with telling effect.[…]A bit snobbish, apt to sneer at Connecticutensians, or plain country Jonathans; and yet she was not without some sense in that Boston Flucker head of hers.

1932, Malcolm Decker, Benedict Arnold, Son of the Havens, pages 147–148, 251, 266, and 290:

It was said, the Connecticutensians “loved the house of prayer, loved to leave it too.”

1946, Kurt F. Leidecker, “The Religious Background”, in Yankee Teacher: The Life of William Torrey Harris, New York, N.Y.: The Philosophical Library, part I, “New England Period”, chapter III, “Early Environment”, pages 26–27:

Mr. Chute had now begun to “get the hang,” as they say in Connecticut, of Connecticutensian English, and even in his diluted rendering it has a pungency, a force, and a strange new sort of humour, which I wish we might import from our American colonies.

[1951, Odell Shepard, Willard Shepard, “Tuesday”, in Jenkins’ Ear: A Narrative Attributed to Horace Walpole, Esq., New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company, page 202:

This charter, which was to be the palladium of Connecticutensians, openly granted to Winthrop’s colony all of Long Island and Westchester.[…]Most Connecticutensians were Whigs and dissenters and, properly aroused, were never squeamish about tormenting an Episcopalian Tory.[…][Parson] Peters was to live on and one day would describe Connecticutensians as “part man and part beast and wholly of the devil.” Peters had been only an outstanding character to be chased; but, as for a Sandemanian, a Connecticutensian really felt deep down that he could boil him in oil, but actually settled for feathers and a tar bucket.

1964, Malcolm Decker, Brink of Revolution: New York in Crisis, 1765–1776, New York, N.Y.: Argosy Antiquarian Ltd., →LCCN, pages 4 (In the Beginning) and 208 (Coercion):

Peter Pond, the whimsical Connecticutensian, whose forebears “ware all waryers ither by sea or land,” was the first, as far is known, to record that Indians along the Athabasca were using a “sticky substance oozing from the river banks to waterproof their canoes.”

“It must give pleasure to every Connecticutensian” that “no post of honour or profit” can “exist, but what is of his own conferring” and that “no court favour, elevation of birth or fortune,” nor “indeed anything but merit, can be the ground for preferment.”

1995, Rupert Charles Loucks, “Let the Oppressed Go Free”: Reformation and Revolution in English Connecticut 1764-1775, page 376:


Mänti

constructed language
constructed language

A constructed language created by Daniel Tammet.


Alaeddin

A transliteration of the Ottoman Turkish male given name علاءالدین


Alauddin

Borrowed from Arabic عَلَاء الدِّين (ʕalāʔ ad-dīn).

bor+

عَلَاء الدِّين


Tray

A diminutive of the female given name Tracy


Sauytbay

Sayragul Sauytbay, b. 1977

Сауытбай Сауытбай#Kazakh

A transliteration of the Kazakh male given name Сауытбай (Sauytbai).


Heiltsuk

An indigenous people of the Central Coast region in British Columbia, centred on the island community of Bella Bella.


Heiltsuk

Their language, a dialect of North Wakashan (Kwakiutlan).


Priti

Alternative form of Preeti; A female given name from Sanskrit


Keyonna

A female given name originating as a coinage, of African-American usage.


New Englandress

en-noun

New Englandress (plural New Englandresses)

Of course, with romance for a motif, he hurries them away from the republic to take refuge under the shadows and among the traces of a foreign presence on the continent—not missing, however, a shot at folly as it flies by train or steamer, nor a double stroke of satire both for the great city and the wide West, and for the misliking glance his bright little New Englandress gives them, nor an epigram or two—we hope they may draw blood—on the clerks and ticket-takers we bow down to.

1872 March, “Current Literature”, in The Galaxy, volume XIV, number 3, section ““Their Wedding Journey.” By W. D. Howells. Boston: James R. Osgood & Co. 1872.”, pages 426–427, columns 2–1:

But we got acquainted, and are friends, and I am glad of it and shall be proud of my lyrical clanswoman and New Englandress.

1899 April 16, Edmund Clarence Stedman, To Martha Gilbert Dickinson; republished as Laura Stedman, George M. Gould, “An American Anthology”, in Life and Letters of Edmund Clarence Stedman, volume two, New York, N.Y.: Moffat, Yard and Company, 1910, page 260:

She [Kathleen Pierson] is now a successful romance novelist using Sioux themes and settings, and seems to be attempting to lead the way toward harmony and assimilation between the races, with interracial love her major theme. This is not a new idea for modern white New Englandresses.

1996, Elizabeth Cook-Lynn, “American Indian Intellectualism and the New Indian Story”, in American Indian Quarterly, University of Nebraska Press, pages 60–61:


San Josean

This week will forever be engrained in the minds of San Joseans.

2021 May 28, “A look at how San Jose mourned after mass shooting”, in San José Spotlight, retrieved 2021-05-28:


San Joséan

“Protecting residents’ privacy has been a priority for our office from the beginning. From today on, San Joséans will know exactly what is done with the information that they provide to their city government,” said Mayor Sam Liccardo.

2019 September 18, “San José Adopts First Citywide Privacy Principles”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name), San Jose, California: City of San José:


Kannauji

An Indo-Aryan language spoken in the Kannauj region of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, closely related to Hindustani.


Katawixi

A Katukinan language formerly spoken in Amazonas, Brazil.


Kiwai

A Papuan language of southern Papua New Guinea.


Konomihu

An extinct Shastan language formerly spoken in northern California.


saucercraft

A hypothetical flying vehicle with a disc-like shape; flying saucer.


Western Australian

en-adj

Western Australian (comparative more Western Australian, superlative most Western Australian)

more Western Australian (comparative)
most Western Australian (superlative)


Western Australian

en-noun

Western Australian (plural Western Australians)

A native or inhabitant of Western Australia.


Winnipegian

Synonym of Winnipegger; a denizen of Winnipeg.


Winnipegian

en-adj

Winnipegian (comparative more Winnipegian, superlative most Winnipegian)

more Winnipegian (comparative)
most Winnipegian (superlative)


Winnipegonian

Winnipegonian (comparative more Winnipegonian, superlative most Winnipegonian)

more Winnipegonian (comparative)
most Winnipegonian (superlative)

Synonym of Winnipegian; Pertaining to Winnipeg


Alexei

Алексе́й Алексей#Russian

A transliteration of the Russian male given name Алексе́й (Alekséj), equivalent to Alexius.


Alexey

Transliteration of Russian Алексе́й (Alekséj)

transliteration

Алексе́й Алексей#Russian

A transliteration of the Russian male given name Алексе́й (Alekséj), equivalent to Alexis.


eidgah

From Persian عیدگاه (“place of Eid prayers”). See also English dargah.

(Islam, South Asia) An open-air enclosure used for Eid prayers on certain special occasions.


Seediq

The Austronesian language spoken by the Seediq people.


Ury

‘I’m umbly thankful to you, sir,’ said Mrs. Heep, in acknowledgement of my inquiries concerning her health, ‘but I’m only pretty well. I haven’t much to boast of. If I could see my Uriah well settled in life, I couldn’t expect much more I think. How do you think my Ury looking, sir?’

1849 May – 1850 November, Charles Dickens, The Personal History of David Copperfield, London: Bradbury & Evans, […], published 1850, →OCLC:

A diminutive of the male given name Uriah.


Roussillonese

The northern dialect of the Catalan language spoken in Roussillon and North-Eastern Catalonia.


PoGo

(fandom slang) Abbreviation of Pokémon Go.


Lye

(rare) A diminutive of the female given name Lyanna.


Jigyasa

Transliteration of Hindi जिज्ञासा (jijñāsā).


Middle Bengali

Literary Bengali of prose, during the greater part of the 19th century, was thus a doubly artificial language; and, with its forms belonging to Middle Bengali, and its vocabulary highly Sanskritised, it could only be compared to a ‘Modern English’ with a Chaucerian grammar and a super-Johnsonian vocabulary, if such a thing could be conceived.

1926, Suniti Kumar Chatterji, The Origin and Development of the Bengali Language, Calcutta University Press, page 134:

The ancestor of New Bengali, spoken from 1200 CE to 1800, that developed from Old Bengali.


New Bengali

The contemporary Bengali language that developed from Middle Bengali, spoken since 1800.


Canal Street

From canal + street. From being where a canal ran or runs.

A street in Manhattan, New York City, New York, United States, where the defensive and transport canal of New Amsterdam once ran, beyond the city wall.

A street in Manchester, United Kingdom, along the Rochdale Canal.


Kayin

A member of a number of Karenic ethnolinguistic groups in Myanmar (Burma).

A state (administrative division) of Myanmar.


Rabindra

Alternative form of Ravindra (a male given name from Hindi).


Ravindra

Transliteration of Hindi रवींद्र (ravīndra).


Aurobindo

Borrowed from Bengali অরবিন্দ (orobindo).


Bri'ish

Respelling of British imitating the t-glottalisation of some accents and speakers in the United Kingdom.

Oi bruv, do you speak Bri'ish?

Oi, that bloke's Bri'ish he is!

Pronunciation spelling
pronunciation spelling

(humorous, by extension) British English

Pronunciation spelling of British:
British English


Lahuli

A Tibetic language spoken in the Lahaul and Spiti region of Himachal Pradesh, India.


Pakawan

A small, now extinct language family that was once spoken in the Rio Grande Valley, consisting of five attested languages.


Ev

A diminutive of the female given name Evelyn.

A diminutive of the male given name Evelyn.


Yogad

An Austronesian language spoken in the northern Philippines.


Glory

From glory as a variant of the more common Gloria.

Glory said, “I think we should change the subject.”
“Your mother wanted to call her Gloria, the usual spelling, but I couldn't see that, when all the other names are in English.”

2009, Marilynne Robinson, Home: Winner of the Women's Prize for Fiction, Hachette UK, →ISBN:


Mim

A diminutive of the female given name Miriam


Zannah

'Yeah, when we're dead,' says Zan. 'Life is drama, little bruth.'
'Zannah, please,' says Dom. 'Upstairs.'
'Mum, why can't I stay?'
'Suzannah. We very rarely ask you to—'
'Uh-oh. Dad's full-naming me. It must be serious. All right, I'm going.'

2020, Sophie Hannah, Haven't They Grown, Hachette UK, →ISBN:

A diminutive of the female given name Suzannah.


Arandic

The total number of Arandic speakers is around 2000, and the Western Aranda dialect accounts for at least half of these.

1982, Colin Yallop, Australian Aboriginal Languages, page 50:

Of or relating to the various languages and dialects of the Aranda (Arrernte) family or group.


Aneesh

Transliteration of Hindi अनीश (anīś, “paramount, supreme”, literally “having no lord/master”).

translit

A male given name from Hindi, of Indian usage.


Proto-Munda

The reconstructed proto-language that is the ancestor of the Munda languages.


Anindilyakwa

An Anindilyakwan Australian Aboriginal language spoken on Groote Eylandt in the Northern Territory.


Gunwinygu

A Gunwinyguan Australian Aboriginal language spoken in Gunbalanya in the Northern Territory; widely used as a lingua franca in northwestern Arnhem Land.


Nunggubuyu

A Nunggubuyuan Australian Aboriginal language spoken in Numbulwar in east Arnhem Land in the Northern Territory.


Nyangumarda

A Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal language spoken in and around La Grange and Port Hedland in the Pilbara region of Western Australia.


Bardi

A Nyulnyulan Australian Aboriginal language spoken in Derby and Broome, Western Australia.


Burarra

A Burarran Australian Aboriginal prefixing language spoken at Maningrida on the north coast of Arnhem Land in the Northern Territory.


Western Desert language

A Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal language (or group of languages) spoken in central Australia, including Pitjantjatjara and Pintupi.


Kitja

A Djeragan Australian Aboriginal language spoken at Halls Creek in Western Australia.


Minaean

Probably with a random vocalization, omitting the voiced pharyngeal fricative in the middle, from occurrence in Old South Arabian inscriptions (endonym 𐩣𐩲𐩬 (mʿn)), + -ean.

Epigraphic South Arabian
Epigraphic South Arabian

An extinct Semitic language of the Epigraphic South Arabian ones spoken in Arabia.


Murinypata

A Murinypatan Australian Aboriginal prefixing language spoken in Port Keats in the Northern Territory.


Yuulngu-Dhuwal

A Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal language spoken at Milingimbi in the Northern Territory.


Mabuyag

A Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal language spoken in the western Torres Strait Islands.


Nakara

A non-Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal prefixing language spoken at Maningrida on the north coast of Arnhem Land in the Northern Territory.


Yuulngu-Dhiyakuy

A Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal language spoken in Ngukurr in the Northern Territory.


Iwaidja

An Iwaidjan Australian Aboriginal language spoken on Croker Island off the north coast of Arnhem Land in the Northern Territory.


Yuulngu-Dhuwala

A Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal language spoken in Milingimbi and Yirrkala in the Northern Territory.


Yuulngu-Dhangu

A Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal language spoken on Elcho Island off the north coast of Arnhem Land in the Northern Territory.


Gunabidji

A non-Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal prefixing language spoken at Maningrida and the Goulburn Islands on the north coast of Arnhem Land in the Northern Territory.


non-Pama-Nyungan

(linguistics) Of an Australian Aboriginal language or language family, not of the extensive Pama-Nyungan family.


Iwaidjan

A family of non-Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal prefixing languages spoken on islands off the north coast of Arnhem Land in the Northern Territory.


Gunbalang

A Gunwinyguan Australian Aboriginal language spoken in Gunbalanya and Maningrida in Arnhem Land in the Northern Territory.


Ngandi

A Gunwinyguan Australian Aboriginal language spoken in the Rose River area of east Arnhem Land in the Northern Territory.


Rembarunga

A Gunwinyguan Australian Aboriginal language spoken in Ngukurr and Maningrida in Arnhem Land in the Northern Territory.


Ngalkbun

A Gunwinyguan Australian Aboriginal language spoken in Gunbalanya in west Arnhem Land in the Northern Territory.


Mangarai

A Mangaraian Australian Aboriginal prefixing language spoken at Mataranka and Elsey in Arnhem Land in the Northern Territory.


Warndarang

A Maran Australian Aboriginal prefixing language spoken in southeastern Arnhem Land in the Northern Territory.


Kakadju

A Kakadjuan Australian Aboriginal prefixing language spoken in western Arnhem Land in the Northern Territory.


Mangaraian

A non-Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal language family of southern Arnhem Land, of which Mangarai is the sole member.


Burarran

A family of non-Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal prefixing languages spoken in northern Arnhem Land in the Northern Territory.


Nunggubuyuan

A non-Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal language family of east Arnhem Land, of which Nunggubuyu is the sole member.


Kuuk-Thaayorre

A Pama-Maric Australian Aboriginal suffixing language spoken in the Edward River region of north Queensland.


Yanyulan

A non-Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal language family located just south of Arnhem Land, of which Yanyula (Yanyuwa) is the sole member.


Kakadjuan

A non-Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal language family of western Arnhem Land, of which Kakadju is the sole member.


Mangerian

A family of non-Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal prefixing languages spoken in western Arnhem Land in the Northern Territory.


Roper River Creole

An alternative name for Kriol (spoken by Australian Aborigines in Arnhem Land).


Yanyuwa

A Yanyulan Australian Aboriginal prefixing language spoken in the Northern Territory to the south of Arnhem Land.


Dalabon

An alternative name for Ngalkbun (a Gunwinyguan Australian Aboriginal language spoken in Gunbalanya in west Arnhem Land in the Northern Territory).


Gugu-Yalanji

A Pama-Maric Australian Aboriginal language spoken in Bloomfield River region of northeast Queensland.


Maran

A family of non-Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal prefixing languages spoken in southeastern Arnhem Land in the Northern Territory.


Alawa

Alagwa, a Cushitic language spoken in Tanzania.


Gunwinyguan

A family of non-Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal prefixing languages spoken in Arnhem Land in the Northern Territory.


Sydney language

The Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal language formerly spoken in the Sydney region, comprising both Dharuk and Eora.


Anindilyakwan

A non-Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal language family of Groote Eylandt, of which Anindilyakwa is the sole member.


Sepa

An Oceanic language of northeast New Guinea.


Tiwian

A non-Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal language family spoken on Bathurst and Melville Island in the Northern Territory, of which Tiwi is the sole member.


Murinypatan

A non-Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal language family spoken in Port Keats in the Northern Territory, of which Murinypata is the sole member.


Ngengomeri

An alternative name for Ngankikurungkurr (a non-Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal prefixing language spoken in Daly River in the north of the Northern Territory).


Maringarr

Australian Aboriginal
Australian Aboriginal

(linguistics) A non-Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal prefixing language spoken along the Daly River in the north of the Northern Territory.


Brinken

A non-Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal prefixing language spoken at Daly River in the north of the Northern Territory.


Maridjabin

A dialect of Brinken, a non-Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal prefixing language spoken at Daly River in the north of the Northern Territory.


Djamindjung

A Djamindjungan Australian Aboriginal language spoken in northern Australia.


Nungali

A Djamindjungan Australian Aboriginal language spoken in the Fitzroy River and Kununurra area of northern Australia.


Djeragan

A family of non-Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal prefixing languages of the Kimberley region of Western Australia.


Wunambal

A Wororan Australian Aboriginal prefixing language spoken in the Derby region of Western Australia.


Larrakia

A non-Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal prefixing language formerly spoken by the Larrakia.


Ngarndji

A non-Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal suffixing language spoken in the Barkly Tableland region of northern Australia.


Bunaban

A family of non-Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal prefixing languages spoken at Fitzroy Crossing in the north of Western Australia.


Nyulnyul

An extinct Nyulnyulan Australian Aboriginal language formerly spoken in the Kimberley region of Western Australia.


Bunaba

A Bunaban Australian Aboriginal prefixing language spoken at Fitzroy Crossing in the north of Western Australia.


Djingili

A non-Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal suffixing language spoken in the Newcastle Waters and Elliott region of northern Australia.


Garawan

A family of non-Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal suffixing languages spoken in the Borroloola region of northern Australia.


Wororan

A family of non-Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal prefixing languages spoken in the Kimberley region of Western Australia.


Watjari

A prominent dialect of Nyunga, used as a lingua franca in the Mount Magnet and Geraldton regions of Western Australia.


Ngarluma

A Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal suffixing language spoken at Roebourne in the Pilbara region of Western Australia; closely related to Yindjibarndi.


Mudbura

A Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal suffixing language spoken in the Newcastle Waters and Elliott region of the Northern Territory.


Wakaya

An extinct Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal suffixing language formerly spoken in the Barkly Tableland region of the Northern Territory.


Minkinan

An extinct non-Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal language family formerly located in the Burketown region of Queensland, of which Minkin is the sole member.


Wanman

Western Desert language
Western Desert language

A Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal suffixing language spoken in the Marble Bar region of Western Australia; closely related to the Western Desert language.


Waramanga

A Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal suffixing language spoken in the Barkly Tableland region of the Northern Territory.


Warluwara

An extinct Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal suffixing language formerly spoken in southwestern Queensland.


Paman

Of or relating to the Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal languages spoken in the Cape York region of northern Queensland.


Alyawarra

An Arandic Australian Aboriginal suffixing language originally from northeast of Alice Springs in the Northern Territory.


Djamindjungan

A family of non-Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal prefixing languages spoken in northern Australia.


Kalkatungu

An extinct Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal suffixing language formerly spoken in the Mount Isa region of Queensland.


Ngaliwuru

A Djamindjungan Australian Aboriginal language spoken in the Victoria River area of northern Australia.


Ngarinman

A Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal suffixing language spoken in the Wave Hill and Victoria River regions of the Northern Territory.


Arabana

A Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal suffixing language spoken in the Lake Eyre region of South Australia.


Narinjari

/ŋəˈrɪndʒəriː/


Narrinyeri

/ŋəˈrɪndʒəriː/


Nyungan

Of or relating to the Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal languages spoken in the southwestern region of Western Australia.


Tharawal

The extinct Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal suffixing language, within the Yuin-Kuric group, formerly spoken in the coastal region south of Sydney, New South Wales.


Yuin-Kuric

Of or relating to an extinct group of Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal languages and/or dialects of coastal New South Wales, including Awabakal, Dharuk, Kuringgai, and Tharawal.


Wiradjuric

Of or relating to a group of Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal languages and/or dialects of inland New South Wales, including Gamilaraay and Wiradjuri.


Pama-Maric

Of or relating to a group of Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal languages and/or dialects spoken over much of Queensland, including Kuuk-Thaayorre, Wik-Mungkan, and Guugu Yimidhirr.


Kunjen

A Pama-Maric Australian Aboriginal suffixing language spoken in the Mitchell River region of Queensland.


Australian Pidgin English

Port Jackson Pidgin English
Port Jackson Pidgin English

A pidgin formerly used between Australian Aboriginal peoples and non-Aboriginal settlers in Australia, beginning with Port Jackson Pidgin English and developing into Australian Kriol.


Murngic

Of or relating to a group of Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal languages and/or dialects spoken in northeastern Arnhem Land by the Yolngu people.


Dyirbalic

Of or relating to a group of eight Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal languages and/or dialects spoken in the region of Cairns and the Atherton Tableland, Queensland.


Lamalama

/ˈlʌməˌlʌmə/

A Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal language spoken in eastern Cape York Peninsula, Queensland.


Port Jackson Pidgin English

Australian Pidgin English
Australian Pidgin English

A former pidgin used between Australian Aboriginal peoples and non-Aboriginal settlers in the Sydney area in the early days of the British settlement of Australia; later developing into the more widespread Australian Pidgin English.


Kuku-Ya'u

A Pama-Maric Australian Aboriginal suffixing language spoken in the Lockhart River region of Queensland.


Australian Kriol

A creole language widely spoken by Australian Aborigines in Arnhem Land; originating in a creolisation of Australian Pidgin English.


Kulinic

Of or relating to a group of Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal languages and/or dialects spoken in central Victoria by the Kulin people.


Wangkatjunga

An alternate name for Martu Wangka (a Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal language spoken in central Australia; formed from the intermingling of dialects of the Western Desert language group in the region of Jigalong, Western Australia).


Kukatja

A Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal language spoken in Port Augusta area of South Australia; a major dialect of the Western Desert language group.


Yulparirra

A Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal language spoken in central Australia; usually considered a dialect of the Western Desert language group.


Pintubi

(obsolescent) Alternative spelling of Pintupi


Yaralde

The Australian Aboriginal suffixing language Ngarrindjeri, or a dialect of it.


Martu Wangka

A Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal language spoken in central Australia; formed from the intermingling of dialects of the Western Desert language group in the region of Jigalong, Western Australia.


Kartutjara

A Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal language; one of the principle components of Martu Wangka, part of the Western Desert language group.


Luritja

A Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal language of the Luritja; part of the Western Desert language group.


Kayapo

An indigenous people of Brazil, inhabiting a vast area spreading across the states of Pará and Mato Grosso, south of the Amazon River and along Xingu River and its tributaries.


Chatthi

Alternative form of Chatti (“Germanic tribe”)


Carijona

Borrowed from Spanish Carijona, itself borrowed from Carijona karihona (“Carijona-speaker, person”), from Proto-Cariban *karipona (“person”). Doublet of Carib, cannibal, caribe, Garifuna, and Kari'na.


Stephenie

A female given name, variant of Stephanie


The Scum

Used since the Hillsborough disaster of 1989, which The Sun falsely blamed on Liverpool FC fans, leading to a boycott in Liverpool.


RoseAnne

Alternative form of Roseanne; A female given name


Bethan

Shortened form of Bethany, from Ancient Greek Βηθανία (Bēthanía), from Aramaic בית עניא (beth anya, “house of wretchedness”).

der

A female given name from Aramaic, variant of Bethany, transferred use of the biblical place name.


Budweiser

[...] the inhabitants of Budweis identified primarily as Budweisers and loyal subjects of the Habsburg Empire.

2017, Irina Livezeanu, Árpád von Klimó, editors, The Routledge History of East Central Europe Since 1700, page 34:

A denizen of Budweis (Budovicium), Bohemia.


Bophuthatswanan

A native or inhabitant of Bophuthatswana.


Dundas

en-proper-noun

Dundas (countable and uncountable, plural Dundases)

Dundas
Dundas Castle
en:Henry Dundas, 1st Viscount Melville

The Scottish name is from Scottish Gaelic, from Old Irish dùn (“fort”) + deas (“south”), perhaps via Dundas Castle, while the places in Canada are named after Lord Melville, Henry Dundas, a Scottish politician.

Greater Toronto Area
Greater Toronto Area#English

Ellipsis of Dundas Street.; A street in Greater Toronto Area, Ontario, Canada


below the gangway

(UK politics) On the benches in the House of Commons located past the central aisle and relatively far from the Speaker, generally occupied by minority groups not belonging to either the government or the Shadow Cabinet.


Awkward Bench

Described as 'a sabre-toothed growler on Labour's awkward bench' (Robert Hardman), he sits alongside Dennis Skinner a mere arm's length from the Chief Whip, whom, in opposition during the 1992 Parliament, he defied 52 times, […]

1999, Robert Waller, Byron Criddle, The Almanac of British Politics, page 288:

I am pleased that he is on the awkward Bench and hope to see him here in future.

2005, Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons, Parliamentary Debates (Hansard), page 451:

(UK politics, slang) The front row of seats below the gangway on the Labour side of the House of Commons, where rebel MPs often sit.


Lotuko

The Eastern Nilotic language of these people.


Hatty

A diminutive of the female given name Harriet


Hejazian

A native or inhabitant of the Hejaz region.


Maipure

A language once spoken along the Ventuari, Sipapo, and Autana rivers of Amazonas and, as a lingua franca, in the Upper Orinoco region. It became extinct around the end of the 18th century.


Urak Lawoi'

A language of southern Thailand, belonging to the Malayic group of Austronesian languages.


Venedikt

From Russian Венеди́кт (Venedíkt). Doublet of Benedict.


Cassander

From κέκασμαι (kékasmai, “to shine; excel over”) and ἀνήρ (anḗr, “man”). In turn, the name means "one who excels over man."


clanspeak

Carl understood clanspeak, of course, but only someone with two independent sets of vocal chords could speak it fluently.

2010, Edward M. Lerner, InterstellarNet: New Order:

He spoke the grymjek, the clanspeak, better than Anna's own father.

National Geographic: The hidden world of whale culture https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/article/the-hidden-world-of-whale-culture-feature
CLANSPEAK
Members of a sperm whale family near the Caribbean island of Dominica are part of a clan that's culturally distinct from others. Each clan communicates in its own dialect of click patterns, like Morse code.

(rare, chiefly fantasy) The language or dialect of a certain clan.


Apostolos

Unadapted borrowing from Ancient Greek Απόστολος (Apóstolos).


Elatha

(Irish mythology) A king of the Fomorians and the father of Bres by Ériu of the Tuatha Dé Danann, as well as Delbaeth, Ogma, Elloth (grandfather of Manannán mac Lir), and the Dagda by an unnamed mother.


Eliphalet

der

Hebrew אֱלִיפָלֶת


Elihu

(secret society): Named after Elihu Yale.


Emeline

A female given name from the Germanic languages, a form of Emmeline.


Erromintxela

The distinctive language of a group of Romani living in the Basque Country.


Ninian

A male given name, probably from Saint Ninian.


Eteocretan

A pre-Greek language attested in a few alphabetic inscriptions of ancient Crete.


Eudora

Audio (US)


Viossa

en-adj

Viossa (not generally comparable, comparative more Viossa, superlative most Viossa)

more Viossa (comparative)
most Viossa (superlative)

From Viossa viossa, from vi ("we") + glossa ("language").
Note: Discussing etymologies of Viossa words using languages other than Viossa is discouraged by the community, due to the practice of immersion-focused learning.

Of or pertaining to the Viossa language.


Gahrwali

The Indo-Aryan language of these people.


Maggy

A diminutive of the female given name Margaret


Yohan

A male given name, equivalent to English John


Bozza

(UK politics, slang) The British politician and journalist Boris Johnson (born 1964), Mayor of London from 2008 to 2016 and Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 2019 to 2022.


Shahqoli

Transliteration of Iranian Persian شاهقلی (šâhqoli), from شاهقلی (šāhqulī), from Old Anatolian Turkish.

transliteration

شاهقلی شاهقلی#Persian

A transliteration of the Persian male given name شاهقلی (šâhqoli)


Dunc

I love to have a beer with Duncan / I love to have a beer with Dunc

1980, Pat Alexander (lyrics and music), “Duncan”, performed by Slim Dusty:

A diminutive of the male given name Duncan.


Morshedqoli

Transliteration of Persian مرشدقلی (moršedqoli), from Old Anatolian Turkish.

مرشدقلی مرشدقلی#Persian

A transliteration of the Persian male given name مرشدقلی (moršedqoli)


Rezaqoli

Transliteration of Persian رضاقلی (rezâqoli), from Old Anatolian Turkish.

رضاقلی رضاقلی#Persian

A transliteration of the Persian male given name رضاقلی (rezâqoli)


Allahqoli

Transliteration of Persian اللهقلی (allâh-qoli), from Old Anatolian Turkish.

اللهقلی اللهقلی#Persian

A transliteration of the Persian male given name اللهقلی (allâh-qoli)


Emamqoli

Transliteration of Persian امامقلی (emâmqoli), from Old Anatolian Turkish.

امامقلی امامقلی#Persian

A transliteration of the Persian male given name امامقلی (emâmqoli)


Aliqoli

Transliteration of Persian علیقلی ('aliqoli), from Old Anatolian Turkish.

علیقلی علیقلی#Persian

A transliteration of the Persian male given name علیقلی ('aliqoli)


red wall

Coined by pollster James Kanagasooriam in August 2019.

coin

Coordinate term: blue wall

Truss claims to have grown up in a “red wall” seat. This is not just a wilful anachronism, it is flatly untrue.

2022 July 18, Martin Pengelly, “I grew up where Liz Truss did, attended the same school. She’s not telling you the truth”, in The Guardian:

(UK politics) A set of constituencies, in the Midlands, Northern England and North East Wales, which have historically tended to support the Labour Party.


Hoseynqoli

Transliteration of Persian حسینقلی (hoseynqoli), from Old Anatolian Turkish.

transliteration

حسینقلی حسینقلی#Persian

A transliteration of the Persian male given name حسینقلی (hoseynqoli)


Buduma

The Chadic language spoken by these people.


Mohammadqoli

Transliteration of Persian محمدقلی (mohammadqoli), from Old Anatolian Turkish.

محمدقلی محمدقلی#Persian

A transliteration of the Persian male given name محمدقلی (mohammadqoli)


Bundeli

Borrowed from Bundeli बुन्देली (bundelī).

bor+

An Indo-Aryan language spoken in the Bundelkhand region of central India.


Byzantian

en-adj

Byzantian (comparative more Byzantian, superlative most Byzantian)

more Byzantian (comparative)
most Byzantian (superlative)

Alternative form of Byzantine (“of or pertaining to Byzantium”)


Byzantian

Alternative form of Byzantine (“native of Byzantium”)


Mellida

"That's no matter," said Mellida, "but I am sure a neater personage is there not in mine eye in all the world. And how far would poor Mellida go to receive one pleasing smile from him?"

1998, Richard Brathwaite, Henry D. Janzen, The Two Lancashire Lovers, page 207:


Sifan

From Oromo Siifan, Siif (“for you”) + an (“I am, me”) = (I am for you).

A female given name from Oromo, (that indicated am for you)


Cowlitz

An indigenous people of the Pacific Northwest.


Cowlitz

A language of the Tsamosan branch of the Coast Salish family of Salishan languages.


Kunza

An extinct language isolate once spoken in the Atacama Desert of northern Chile and southern Peru by the Atacama people.


Vern

A diminutive of the male given name Vernon.


Christabella

From Christ + -bella, by analogy to Isabella and Arabella.


TFG

(US politics, slang) Initialism of "the former guy". Specifically, the former American president Donald Trump.


Emer

From Old Irish Emer; cognate with Irish Eimhear and Scottish Gaelic Eimhir.


Ailie

Though no minister would visit the Skerburnfoot, or, if he went, departed quicker than he came, the girl Ailie attended regular at the catechising at the mains of Sker.

1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide:

(Scotland) A diminutive of the female given name Alison


Westlander

A native or inhabitant of Westland, New Zealand.


Witoto

Ultimately from Proto-Cariban *wɨtoto (“person”), originally applied to the people in question by Cariban-speakers as an exonym.

An indigenous American language or language family spoken in Colombia and Peru.


Dipa

From Hindi दीपा (dīpā), from Sanskrit दीपा (dīpā).


Toi

en:Toi (Polynesian name)
en:Toi (disambiguation)

From Maori Toi, Samoan Toi, and other Polynesian languages.

A male given name from the Polynesian languages

(New Zealand) A male given name from Maori


Toi

A female given name from Louisiana Creole


Col

A diminutive of the male given name Colin


Jur

A language spoken by the Luwo people of the Bahr el Ghazal region in South Sudan.


Jemez

A Tanoan language spoken by the Jemez people.


Elhaz

Learned borrowing from Proto-Germanic *elhaz (“elk”). Doublet of elk.

lbor

Elhaz signifies the elk and the sedge plant, both noted for their ability to protect. Elhaz is considered the most powerful of the runes for protection against those influences we find in conflict with ourselves.

2007, Christina Pratt, An Encyclopedia of Shamanism, volume 2, The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc, →ISBN, page 403:


Newyorkian

en-adj

Newyorkian (comparative more Newyorkian, superlative most Newyorkian)

more Newyorkian (comparative)
most Newyorkian (superlative)

The editor of perhaps the most widely read magazine issuing from the metropolis was recently asked, “Is your magazine read much in New York city itself?” / “Oh, yes,” he answered, “but we are more popular in the United States.” The answer was indicative. New York is not American. It is merely Newyorkian. And the New Yorker is beginning to know it and to regret it.

1908 April 14, “A Few Lines on the “Big Burg””, in The Shreveport Journal: Official Journal of the City of Shreveport, Shreveport, La., page 4, column 2:

In bed, he dreamt of Caty, of her sweet and solid body nourished on all the Newyorkian essences, her aromatic Boricuan body of markedly horizontal tendencies.[…]In the livingroom decorated with posters of erotic content—Babylonian Newyorkian obsession—the guests move from one spot to another: pale youths with huge afros, girls in slacks, an occasional skirt.[…]Oh, a bien chévere couple, he will be ashamed of his father I will raise him by myself Newyorican son, hum, his grain of sand in the Newyorkian population hum, feeling the nostalgic notes of a guitar the rasping of a güiro on the floor below, Boricuan Christmas in the urban setting oh unbearable nostalgia, loneliness profoundly exhausted not only from the effects of the hard work under the Manolo-ian vigilance, an exhaustion from deep within.

1993, Tanya T. Fayen, transl., Hot Soles in Harlem (Discoveries), Pittsburgh, Pa.: Latin American Literary Review Press, translation of Harlem todos los días: Novela by Emilio Díaz Valcárcel, →ISBN, pages 131, 151, and 169:

Along this leg one usually can find hot-dogs, knishes and assorted Newyorkian nosh delicacies purchasable from pushcart stands.

1997, Cy A Adler, “Leg 2 — West 42nd Street to 125th Street”, in Walking the Hudson, Batt to Bear: From the Battery to Bear Mountain: […], Green Eagle Press, →ISBN, page 21:

With a little help from our Newyorkian friend, Jeremy Malvasia, in the vocal department and to be featured, in a slightly different version, on the forthcoming album Viva Riva.

2002, “Enrico Riva: The Night Is Young”, in The Night Is Young 3: Sunshine Moods, Tribal Grooves and Future Dubs, Life Enhancing Audio:

just then the world began to spin, or was it the room? it must have been the room... / the instructions must have gotten lost in all the mayhem / the manhattan project: a crisis of newyorkian proportions

2005, Micropixie, “earth: a kit”, in Alice in Stevie Wonderland, Utmosis:

Interestingly, the best-known of the Friedrichstraße entries today was one ignored by jury at the time: [Ludwig] Mies van der Rohe’s very “Newyorkian” steel and glass tower.

2017, Piotr Sadowski, The Semiotics of Light and Shadows: Modern Visual Arts and Weimar Cinema, Bloomsbury Academic, →ISBN:


New-Yorkian

New-Yorkian (comparative more New-Yorkian, superlative most New-Yorkian)

more New-Yorkian (comparative)
most New-Yorkian (superlative)

Has any intimation been forwarded of the[…]of this “tall-talker” to New-Yorkian shores?

1878 January 18, “Reflections. (Personal and otherwise.)”, in The Bicycle Journal, volume 1 (new series), number 75, page 25, column 2:

The very month that this tribute of the leading English art review appeared, the readers of a New York journal were told that it would be pleasant to feel sure that American art as a whole was beginning to take on some sort of national complexion: “[…] The subjects they choose are rarely American; they take little pains to reproduce American landscapes or types of character; they pay little attention to American historical episodes. They are Parisian, rather than New-Yorkian.”

1888, George William Sheldon, chapter VIII, in Recent Ideals of American Art: […], New York and London: D. Appleton and Company, published 1890, pages 142–144:

Every smart New-Yorkian song begins anywhere, but surely ends with the Bowery.

1895, Rudyard Home, “Unprecedented Growth of New York”, in Columbian Sketches, Dublin: M. H. Gill & Son, page 40:

After his early Ohio experience, which finds a reflex mainly in his autobiography, the scenes of his fiction, initially Venetian, maturely Bostonian, autumnally New-Yorkian, dispersedly and interspersedly European and American, copy his migrations as precisely as if his imagination were a part of his luggage.

1924, Oscar W. Firkins, “Novel and Tale”, in William Dean Howells: A Study, New York, N.Y.: Russell & Russell, Inc., published 1963, page 65:

The Doctor’s House. James Liddy. Salmon. 142 pp € 15 pb 21 cm 1-903392-39-x. After anecdotes and snippets from the poet’s Wexford childhood (he was born 1934) about his dispensary doctor father and New-Yorkian mother, the real show begins when he hits the big smoke for college days and apprenticeship among the McDaid’s mob.

Alexander Chervinsky makes his works by balancing on the intersection of New-Yorkian aestheticism and spiritual impulses inherent only to Tolstoy’s and Dostoevsky’s characters.

2021, Lisa Plavinsky, “Introduction”, in Martin Dewhirst, Marina Dewhirst, Anastasia Samostra, transl., edited by Alexander Chervinsky, You Never Know, Dobro-books:


New Yorkian

Mr Hollis tells me that Bute has established a Jesuit in a school at Kensington and has sent two of his younger children to be educated by him, and had made Barron … send two of his. He thinks with me that the late Act of Parliament respecting New York most tyrannical and hopes the honest New Yorkians will not submit to it, but will draw their swords in defence of their Liberty.

1767 July 9, Sylas Neville, The Diary of Sylas Neville, 1767—1788, Oxford University Press, published 1950, page 17:

What pity it is that the New Yorkian of that honourable body should make them so blind to real interest as not to prefer the first city on the finest river in the most respectable state in America, to a parcel of buildings, confusedly situated on a pitiful island which has neither ice in winter to protect it, nor force in summer sufficient to prevent Congress and all their papers being carried off by pirates.

1788 October 4, “Site for Capitol”, in Pittsburgh Gazette; republished as “Extracts From The Pittsburgh Gazette: Site for Capitol”, in The Gazette Times, Pittsburgh, Pa., 1923 January 27, page 6, column 5:

A minister of the Lutheran Church in America, Dr. Van Deusen, a native New Yorkian, has served with the Lutheran Council since 1944.

1965 December 2, “Council Topic: Church-State”, in The Greenville News, number 336, Greenville, S.C., page 41, column 5:

In fact, the Californian or Ohioan or New Yorkian who lands a No. 4 plate on her all-terrain minivan is much more likely to survive the transition with her insanely sped up driving habits than the one who actually has to brake for a cow every now and then in Ravalli County.

2016 May 19, Bill LaCroix, “Drive how we vote”, in Missoula Independent: Western Montana’s Weekly Journal of People, Politics and Culture, volume 27, number 20, Missoula, Mont., page 4:


Rishabh

Transliteration of Hindi ऋषभ (ŕṣabh). Doublet of Rushabh and Rishabha.

A male given name from Hindi, of Indian usage.


Meletius

From Latin Meletius, from Ancient Greek Μελέτιος (Melétios).


Japhug

A Gyalrong language spoken in Barkam County, Rngaba, Sichuan, China.


Wuhanian

Wuhanian (comparative more Wuhanian, superlative most Wuhanian)

more Wuhanian (comparative)
most Wuhanian (superlative)


Oldenburger

A warmblood horse from the northwestern corner of Lower Saxony, formerly the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg.


enyay

These accent letter codes and punctuation codes are represented by two characters. The first character (called a signal) more or less modifies the second character. For example, ˜n represents the Spanish enyay.

1988, Don Chapman, Alan K Melby, “MicroMATER”, in Deseret Language and Linguistic Society Symposium, volume 14, number 1, page 67:

Please try to stay away from some of those special characters (umlauts, hachas, enyays, etc), because they are 8-bit and non-standard.

1994 June 7, Jeff Kopmanis, “LSM: New Release: 05JUN94”, in comp.os.linux.development (Usenet):

I suppose it's intended to be used by people who are used to the US layout, but who want to be able to put a few types of accents onto a few vowels. There's upside down punctuation, no C cedille, no enyay. I don't _think_ so anyway. It may be that ~N produces an enyay, in which case it would be just as annoying to use in the Unix world as one of the other national layouts.

2002 July 23, Silvan, “strange keyboard behavior”, in alt.os.linux.mandrake (Usenet):

Of course, Unicode supports the enyay—ñ—as a single encoded character, but there are many examples of language elements in, say, Vietnamese, for which there are no single encoded characters in Unicode.

2002, Jim Melton, Alan R. Simon, SQL: 1999, Morgan Kaufmann, →ISBN, page 705:

"No, no, no," I said, trilling my double r's and transforming all the n's with tildes into enyays, "I did not ask you what it cost, I asked you what it was worth."

2008 November, Ben Guerrero, “Rockers”, in Home, Ridgefield: Hersam Acorn Newspapers, page 42:

The name of the Latin-script letter Ñ/ñ.


Shio

Transliteration of Old Georgian შიო (šio), an alternative form of შიოშ (šioš).


Wea

Clipping of Waiatanwa and other forms, derived from Miami waayaahtanwa, from waayaahtanonki (“place of the whirpool”).

An indigenous people of western Indiana, USA and surrounding regions .


Talaing

Borrowed from Burmese တလိုင်း (ta.luing:).


Talaing

The Talaings in Burma, who retain the use of their own language and keep up their separate nationality , are found chiefly in the Thaton and Amherst districts. In Siam they are found chiefly on the Menam and Meklawng rivers, living in separate villages and maintaining their own customs.

1917, Robert Halliday, The Talaings, →OCLC, page 2:

Today the Mon-speaking Talaing still occupy parts of southern Burma.

1977, Gordon T. Bowles, The People of Asia (Peoples of the World Series), New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 191:

A mythological duck
To fully appreciate a trip to Bago 8, the visitor should first understand the history of the Talaing (Mon) people. Like the Pyu — predecessors of the Bamar — they originally came from the north. The Talaing, who arrived before the Pyu, ventured down the Thanlwin River rather than the Ayeyarwady. Theirs was the “Golden Land of Suvannabhumi”, which stretched from what is today Malaysia to. the Bay of Bengal. The Talaing built their capital, Thaton, on the east side of the Sittoung (Sittang) River.

2005, Francis Dorai, editor, Burma (Insight Guides), Updated edition, published 2006, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 153:

One of the most important issues enmeshed in the historiography of early Burma is the notion of the “downtrodden Talaing.” This is the belief that King Alaungpaya in the eighteenth century had conducted a war of extermination of the Mon people, enslaved them, and had deliberately created a derogatory Burmese term (talaing) to be used thenceforth for the Mon people.

2017, Michael A. Aung-Thwin, The Mists of Rāmañña / The Legend That Was Lower Burma, page 261:


Talaing

en-adj

Talaing (comparative more Talaing, superlative most Talaing)

more Talaing (comparative)
most Talaing (superlative)

2017 [1894], Richard Carnac Temple, Notes On Antiquities in Ramannadesa (The Talaing Country of Burma.):

EINGSAUNG
In the folk beliefs of the Burman and Talaing people of Burma, these nats are benevolent house guardians that dwell in the south corner of the home in a post decorated with leaves. They are propitiated with offerings of coconuts.

1996, Carol Rose, Spirits, Fairies, Gnomes, and Goblins: An Encyclopedia of the Little People, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 98:


Blayre

A unisex given name from Scottish Gaelic


max fac

(UK politics, historical) A rejected proposal to resolve the Irish border issue of Brexit by introducing technology and legislation that would streamline customs arrangements; ultimately the Northern Ireland Protocol was implemented instead.


Macarius

From Latin Macarius, from Ancient Greek Μακάριος (Makários).


Vegetable English

Pun on Tsai's name in Mandarin 蔡英文 (Cài Yīngwén), which is homophonous to 菜 (cài, “vegetable”) + 英文 (Yīngwén, “English”).

(Taiwan, humorous) Nickname for Tsai Ing-wen, Taiwanese politician.


Korea Fish

Pun on Han's name in Mandarin 韓國瑜／韩国瑜 (Hán Guóyú), which is homophonous to 韓國／韩国 (Hánguó, “Korea”) + 魚／鱼 (yú, “fish”).


Nikole

Borrowed from the French Nicole, from Ancient Greek Νικόλαος (Nikólaos), from νίκη (níkē, “victory”) + λαός (laós, “people”).

No one says anything for a while, and the only sound is Nikole sniffling.

Julie, the family social worker, explained Nikole's complicated living situation and risk factors to the judge at her most recent court date.

2014, esley T Church, II, David Springer, Albert R Roberts, Juvenile Justice Sourcebook, page 453:

So Margaret and Nikole left and were helped into the carriage for the trip to the palace.


gigachad

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-gigachad.wav

From giga- + Chad (“a very attractive man”). Although isolated uses exist earlier, the term was popularized by an anonymous poster on the 4chan /pol/ board on October 17th, 2017, who referred to Russian model Ernest Khalimov as "Gigachad". See Gigachad for more.

I heard Robert just donated $500 to Team Trees. What an absolute gigachad!

I have a lot of respect to Tarik for being a gigachad.

2022 March 27, Olivia Richman, “Doublelift calls Tarik "gigachad" for condemning JasonR's sexist behavior”, in Inven Global, archived from the original on 2024-02-05:

As per his IGN interview, LMSH took 242 tries to beat Malenia on his own. After this, he just decided that no other player has to suffer the same fate he did. What an absolute GigaChad.

2022 April 18, RJ Pierce, “Legendary 'Elden Ring' Player 'Let Me Solo Her' Is Now Immortalized In A Mod”, in Tech Times, archived from the original on 2023-03-25:

His meteoric rise from ironic gigachad to actual gigachad is a huge story in Counter-Strike: Global Offensive, but he just one-upped his own reputation. In an RMR match against Ecstatic, HooXi scored an insane HLTV rating of 2.21.

2022 October 5, Kenneth Williams, “HooXi just outfragged the rest of G2 against Ecstatic”, in WIN.gg, archived from the original on 2023-09-25:

(by extension, Internet slang, sometimes sarcastic) An extremely admirable man; a Chad among Chads.


Manchegan

Manchegan (comparative more Manchegan, superlative most Manchegan)

more Manchegan (comparative)
most Manchegan (superlative)


Chepang

The Sino-Tibetan language spoken by this ethnic group


Leylah

A female given name from Arabic, variant of Leila


Iraqian

Iraqian (comparative more Iraqian, superlative most Iraqian)

more Iraqian (comparative)
most Iraqian (superlative)


Karakhanid

From Persian قراخانیان (qarâkhân), of Turkic origin, from Old Turkic 𐰴𐰺𐰀 (qr¹a, “black; courageous”) (from Proto-Turkic *kara) + 𐰴𐰍𐰣 (qǧn¹, “khan, ruler”) (corresponding to modern English khan).

der

An extinct Turkic language developed in the 11th century under the Kara-Khanid Khanate, noted as the first literary Islamic Turkic language. Though it is similar to Old Uyghur, it had several loanwords from Persian and Arabic. Chagatai is a descendant of this language.


Murderapolis

Blend of murder + Minneapolis, with reference to its crimewave of the 1990s, during which many homicides were recorded.

(US, slang, derogatory) The city of Minneapolis, Minnesota.


Fordata

An Austronesian language spoken in the Tanimbar Islands of the Moluccas, closely related to Kei.


Saint Louisan

en-adj

Saint Louisan (comparative more Saint Louisan, superlative most Saint Louisan)

more Saint Louisan (comparative)
most Saint Louisan (superlative)


New-Yorkeress

But—(as we learn from our European correspondent)—but—he^([sic]) authoress of the hooped circle, the Empress Eugenie, has appeared in public without hoops. A revolution is in prospect, to which ’93 is pale! Hoops avaunt!—Down on your knees, femenine^([sic]) provincialdom, and hear the resistless ukase of the Empress Eugenie! New-Yorkeresses, obey! Off with your hoops! So much for the swelling shams

1857 March 5, “A War Whoop”, in The Carroll Free Press, volume 25, number 10 (whole 1,313), Carrollton, Ohio, column 2:

“I thought of going up to the English chapel outside the Popolo, to see a pretty New-Yorkeress,” said the latter;

1863, Henry P. Leland, Americans in Rome, New York, N.Y.: Charles T. Evans, page 34:

The lady was not pretty, and she was not, Isabel thought, dressed in the perfect taste of Boston; but she owned frankly to herself that the New-Yorkeress was stylish, undeniably effective.

1871, The Atlantic Monthly: A Magazine of Literature, Science, Art, and Politics, volume XXVIII, Boston: James R. Osgood and Company, late Ticknor & Fields, and Fields, Osgood, & Co., page 32, column 1:


Najibullah

From Arabic نجيبالله (literally “distinguished servant of the god Allah”), from نجيب (“Najib”)+الله (allāh, “Allah”).

bor

A male given name from Arabic, an Islamic name.


Gilly

A diminutive of the female given name Gillian.


Waikuri

An extinct language of southern Baja California spoken by the Waikuri or Guaycura people.


Arlingtonian

en-adj

Arlingtonian (comparative more Arlingtonian, superlative most Arlingtonian)

more Arlingtonian (comparative)
most Arlingtonian (superlative)

Of or relating to Arlington County, Virginia, United States.


Arlingtonian

A native or inhabitant of Arlington County, Virginia, United States.


Gerwyn

Gerwyn Capon
Gerwyn Edwards
Gerwyn Price
Gerwyn Williams


how do you like

How do you like your steak, sir?

How do you like this guy!

(humorous, derogatory) Used to deride the character or personality of someone.


Logooli

A Bantu language of Kenya and Tanzania, spoken by the Maragoli.


Türkman

en-noun

Türkman (countable and uncountable, plural Türkmans or Türkmen)

The wild Kürd and Türkman, wandering predatory shepherds, pitch their tents there;

1842, Eli Smith, “Moral and Religious Condition of Western Asia”, in Missionary Sermons and Addresses, New York, N.Y.: Saxton & Miles, […], page 27:

The tekfur of Trebizond had such a bride, but that means descending from the freedom of the open pastures of the Türkmans through the dark valleys of the Pontos with its agach denizi (sea of trees), where armed men lurked, to the alien and enclosed world of the coastal Greeks: a world fraught with danger.

1983, Anthony Bryer, “Greeks and Turks”, in Tom Winnifrith, Penelope Murray, editors, Greece Old and New, The Macmillan Pres Ltd, →DOI, →ISBN, page 103:

The most popular poet is, perhaps, Makhdūm-ḳuli (1733–ca. 1782), an educated Türkman, who cultivated the forms of folk poetry in secular love lyrics, and also wrote didactic works and religious songs.[…]Local languages were now elevated to independent literary status. The largest among these were Uzbek, Kazak, Türkman and Kirghiz.

1976, Eleazar Birnbaum, “Turkish literature through the ages”, in R. M. Savory, editor, Introduction to Islamic Civilisation, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 81, column 2:

Altan Gokalp has suggested that the terms Türkman and Yörük as used in these documents were not ethnic-linguistic labels but referred to different statuses for purposes of taxation; he believes that neither Yörük nor Türkman were necessarily turcophone (personal communication; cf. Gokalp 1989, 530–532).

1997, Martin van Bruinessen, ““Aslını inkar eden haramzadedir!” The Debate on the Ethnic Identity of the Kurdish Alevis”, in Krisztina Kehl-Bodrogi, Barbara Kellner-Heinkele, Anke Otter-Beaujean, editors, Syncretistic Religious Communities in the Near East: […], Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 10:


Türkman

Part of the Seljuk and Türkman success in breaking local economies and sense of Orthodox patrida in Anatolia comes from the way in which they extinguished these local shrines and their lands, for once a pilgrim town has been wrecked it is very difficult to revive.

1983, Anthony Bryer, “Greeks and Turks”, in Tom Winnifrith, Penelope Murray, editors, Greece Old and New, The Macmillan Pres Ltd, →DOI, →ISBN, page 101:

The Salor tribe, who held the city, had not been in the habit of making marauding incursions into Persia for the purpose of plunder and capturing slaves; but they were charged by Abbāss Mirza with supplying arms to other Türkman tribes, and of receiving Persian prisoners in return, whom they either retained as slaves or sold in Khīva and Bokhāra.

1995, Charles Ellison Bates, John Moubray Trotter, Central Asia: A Contribution Towards the Better Knowledge of the Topography, Ethnology, Resources, & History of Persia, page 502:

Amir Khan was the leading amir of the Türkman tribe, which had come to regard Azerbaijan as its fief. The other Türkman amirs were incensed not only by his imprisonment, but also by his replacement with an Ustajlu.

2009, Shah Abbas: The Ruthless King Who Became an Iranian Legend, I.B. Tauris & Co. Ltd:


Latoyah

A female given name originating as a coinage, of latter 20th-century African-American usage.


Ulsterite

A native or inhabitant of Ulster in Ireland.


Urbian

A conjectured Old European substrate language.


Chipaya

A South American language of the Uru–Chipaya language family.


Lowanna

en-proper-noun

Lowanna (countable and uncountable, plural Lowannas)


Lowana

Lowana (countable and uncountable, plural Lowanas)


Burma Road

From the name of a road in Burma which ran to the frontier with China, built in 1937–1938 by the British in order to circumvent the Japanese blockade of China during the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945) during World War II.

A “Burma Road” for Africa, or, in fact, a pair of “Burma Roads,” may develop from the current improvement of British and Free French roads across Central Africa.

1942 March 9, “New Allied Life Line Across Africa”, in Geographic School Bulletin, volume 21, number 3:

Between January 1, 1943, and June 1, 1945, an average of slightly more than 17 trains plied daily between the two termini of the railway. During all this period, it served as the super-Burma Road to Russia.

1947, Raj Narain Gupta, Iran: An Economic Study, page 145:

The Israelis were able to break the stranglehold by bypassing the normal route to Jerusalem through building a “Burma Road” to resupply the city.

2007, Michael Rydelnik, Understanding the Arab-Israeli Conflict: What the Headlines Haven’t Told You, 2nd edition, →ISBN, page 102:

(figuratively) An important military supply route.

Second Sino-Japanese War
The Railway Magazine


geddup

Alternative form of giddyup (command for a horse to move faster)


Shizuokan

Of, from, or pertaining to Shizuoka, Japan or the people of Shizuoka.


gedup

Cora whisked her hat down to cut off communion with him, and slid in among the trees. She lurked there till she heard him say, "Gedup," in a voice thick with rage, and horse and cart click-clacked off along the road, and left it free for her to follow.

1938, Norman Lindsay, Age of Consent, 1st Australian edition, Sydney, N.S.W.: Ure Smith, published 1962, →OCLC, page 171:


Haldian

Alternative form of Khaldian (“language”)


Betsie

A diminutive of the female given name Elizabeth


Khaldian

From Khaldi (“the chief deity of Urartu”) + -an.


Pancana

An Austronesian language of Buton Island, off the southeast coast of Sulawesi in Indonesia.


Kagoshiman

Of, from, or pertaining to Kagoshima, Japan or the people of Kagoshima.


Ahmaud

Apparently a variant of Ahmad, from Arabic أَحْمَد (ʔaḥmad), from حَمِدَ (ḥamida, “to thank or to praise”).

A male given name from Arabic, variant of Ahmad


regrexiteer

(UK politics) A person suffering from regrexit (a feeling of regret about Brexit taking place, or about having voted for it).


Hindish

A crossover of Hindi and English language.


Jadgali

An Indo-Aryan language spoken by the Jadgal, an ethnolinguistic group of Pakistan and Iran.


Geraldyn

A female given name, variant of Geraldine.


Jerrie

A diminutive of the female given names Geraldine or Geraldyn.


Jozy

A diminutive of the female given name Josephine


Iranun

A language spoken in Mindanao of the southern Philippines and western Sabah in Malaysia.


Siculo-Norman

But the finest example of the blending of the Saracenic and the Romanesque, with the rich ornamentation in mosaic carried out so effectively by the Siculo-Normans, is S. Maria dell'Ammiraglio,[…].

1869, Charles Isidore Hemans, A History of Mediaeval Christianity and Sacred Art in Italy: A.D. 900-1350, page 316:

It is an attractive hypothesis, which we accept, that these Muslim influences played on the art of Amalfi during the great age of the Republic and not merely (as some think) after the city was subdued by the Siculo-Normans.

1971, Kenneth John Conant, Henry M. Willard, “Early Examples of the Pointed Arch and Vault in Romanesque Architecture”, in Viator: Medieval and Renaissance Studies, Volume 2, University of California Press, page 205:

Thanks to the tolerant policy of both Rogers of Altavilla and both Williams, their successors, the many Muslims left on the Island could draw up their deeds in Arabic, the Greek-Byzantines in Greek, and the Siculo-Normans in Latin.

2017, Paolo Martino, “Playing with identities in the Multilingual Place-names of Medieval Sicily”, in Piera Molinelli, editor, Language and Identity in Multilingual Mediterranean Settings, Walter de Gruyter, page 224:

(historical) A Norman who settled in Sicily during or after the Norman conquest of southern Italy, or a descendant of one.


Nobiin

A Nubian language spoken in Egypt and Sudan


Apelanta

A few months ago here in Apelanta a similar incident occurred when a lowlife
'boo jumped up and shot to death 4 of his longtime friends during an
argument over a basketball game.

2003 August 24, Work Work Work, “With negro friends like these....”, in soc.culture.african.american (Usenet):

Remember, there are quite a lot of dumb, violent negroes here in Apelanta (a
murder a day). Stay as far away from the stupid beasts as possible.

2004 February 19, Bull Connor, “Tourism in Atlanta area”, in alt.atlanta (Usenet):

30 years of living in apelanta will open the eyes of even the most staunch
NIGGERphile.

2005 November 1, I. M. White, “Re: New Orleans Police Department Fire 51 Cops for Desertion”, in uk.politics.guns (Usenet):

What a waste of a perfectly good nuke.
They should have at least taken out Detroit or Apelanta.
Either that or they should have fileld^([sic]) that underground testing space
with niggers first.

2006 October 9, abc, “Re: FLASH: North Korea Claims Test of Nuclear Weapon”, in soc.culture.african.american (Usenet):

When Somalian dunecoons learned that their blue-gummed Bantu slaves
were too stupid to be productive, they dumped the useless critters
onto the laps of Clitonista "Diversity" nitwits. These dippy shits
brought a whole tribe of the Africoon savages to Apelanta thinking
that all niggers were the same species and would blend into the local
herd.

2007 October 20, \/\/0RD@trwe.nug, “Re: Darwinism Showing Its True Face: "Black People Are Less Intelligent Than Whites" Claims One Of The World's Most Eminent Darwinists”, in talk.atheism (Usenet):

Watch out for "slippery slope" martial law. First Baltimorgue, then
Shitcago, Apelanta, Detoilet, Milwaukee, Ferguson, and Los Angeles? Where
will it stop? Probably after all the shit-colored apes have been liquidated.

2017 November 24, Byker, “Re: ANOTHER Detroit!!!”, in alt.law-enforcement (Usenet):

(derogatory, slang, ethnic slur) Atlanta, with reference to its African-American population.


Tamangic

A Sino-Tibetan language family of the Himalayas.


Shipibo

A Panoan language spoken in Peru and Brazil.


Halyna

From Slavic (Ukrainian Галина (Halyna), etc), from Ancient Greek; Doublet of Halina, Galina, and Galyna.

gloss

Ukrainian <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="uk">Галина</i> (Halyna), etc


Turd Reich

GOEBBELS: ‘…Gone ist zer goose-step…in comes ze new Swingen Turd Reich - Under der Linden Plattz Von-step.’.

2012, Spike Milligan, ’Rommel?’’Gunner who?’: A Confrontation in the Desert:

…and his glorious Third Reich (or as our men called it, the ‘Turd Reich’).

2014, Sidney Litherland, The Junak King: Life as a British POW, 1941-45:

In Johnny Canuck, a Nazi guard says: “Look, gentlemen of der turd reich. Ve haf captured Johnny Canuck and all his friends.”

2016, Sara Buttsworth, Maartje Abbenhuis, War, Myths, and Fairy Tales - Page 103:

(slang, derogatory, historical) The Third Reich; used to represent a stereotypical German pronunciation of the phrase, or to liken Nazis to excrement.


Sylheti Bengali

The variety of Bengali natively spoken in the eastern part of Bangladesh's Sylhet Division and the Barak Valley of the Indian state of Assam.


Chittagonian Bengali

चाटगामी बांग्ला

cāṭgāmī bāṅglā


Standard Bengali

The current standard and literary variety of Bengali used in writing and in formal speech since the 19th century.

Sadhu Bhasha, the standard and literary variety of Bengali formerly used in writing and in formal speech.


Charline

A female given name from French, equivalent to English Charlene


Chimpcago

But wait! It wasn’t Negro violence, it was “gun violence.” Yes, steel
objects must be banned!

2015 July 7, rebcar...@gmail.com, “Blacks Kill Blacks in Chimpcago”, in soc.culture.israel (Usenet):

A 72 year old silverback spook sexually assaults a female paramedic in
a Chimpcago amberlamps.

2017 January 18, Rick Mathers, “Silverback attempts Muh-Dikking in da amberlamps!!”, in soc.culture.african-american (Usenet):

Black babies yet unborn will
scream for their share as soon as they can speak ,,, And I think we can
all imagine, the homicides in Chimpcago are not going to decrease even
with a city full of sudden democrat welfare millionaires.

2019 June 20, JeSSe, “Dems campaign on mass handouts to blacks”, in uk.current-events.terrorism (Usenet):

Since it's Chimpcago, this is to be expected. Truck drivers are also
not wanting to drive into most of these nigger-infested cities, so I
could imagine the availabilities of supplies of 'gibs me dat' will be
much lower now.

2020 August 13, KWills, “Janithor's flag”, in alt.checkmate (Usenet):

(slang, offensive, derogatory, ethnic slur) Chicago, with reference to its African-American population.


gender star

Current attempts to shorten the space devoted to accepted forms of differentiation have included the introduction of an uppercase "I" sandwiched in compound nouns addressing both males and females at once. An asterisk, known as the "gender star" has also been added to include citizens who do not consider themselves either

[2019 January 22, Jon Shelton, “City of Hanover overhauls gender language usage in official texts”, in Deutsche Welle:

For now, at least, they decided not to adopt more radical changes, such as the so-called gender star, which places an asterisk before the feminine word-ending to include females, males, and the non-binary: Schüler*innen, for example.

[2021 June 21, Nette Nöstlinger, “German news gets gender-neutral makeover”, in Politico:

An asterisk used to separate gendered inflections in the German language to make words gender-neutral.


Warrgamay

An extinct Pama-Nyungan language once spoken in northeast Queensland


Igala

An ethnic group or tribe living mainly in southwest Nigeria.


Igala

A sub-Saharan language belonging to the Benue-Congo branch of the Niger-Congo family, which is closely related to Yoruba.

(historical) A precolonial West African state, founded by the Igala people and located at the eastern region of the confluence of River Niger and River Benue in the Middle Belt or North-central of Nigeria.


Battle Creeker

Someone from or residing in Battle Creek, Michigan, United States.


Porteño

Coordinate term: (female) Porteña

A male inhabitant of the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina.


Andreeva

Borrowed from Russian Андре́ева (Andréjeva), feminine form of Андре́ев (Andréjev).

A female surname from Russian, masculine equivalent Andreev.


GQP

Blend of GOP + QAnon.
The GOP stands for "Grand Old Party", the Republican Party of the United States of America, a conservative political party. The usage of "Q" refers to Republican politicians either supporting the QAnon conspiracy theories, or becoming closer to extremism and fascism, represented by the more militant members of the QAnon groups.

(US politics, slang, derogatory) The Republican Party, especially politicians and members who align themselves with militant extremism.


Dhurga

An endangered Pama-Nyungan language spoken in New South Wales


Garbage State

Modeled after New Jersey's official nickname, Garden State, the implication being that the state is extremely unclean.

(informal, humorous, derogatory) New Jersey (U.S. state).


Proto-Salish

The reconstructed ancestor of the Salish languages.


Tidore

A West Papuan language spoken in Indonesia.


Québecker

Irreconcilable ethnocultural claims are perhaps posed most acutely by the confrontation in claims of francophone Québeckers and First Nations people within the province of Québec.

1995, Daiva Stasiulis, Radha Jhappan, “The Fractious Politics of a Settler Society: Canada”, in Daiva Stasiulis, Nira Yuval-Davis, editors, Unsettling Settler Societies: Articulations of Gender, Race, Ethnicity and Class (Sage Series on Race and Ethnic Relations; volume 11), SAGE Publications, page 120:

Blais and Nadeau report that even as francophone Québeckers define themselves first as Québeckers, they feel some attachment to Canada.

1996, Ines C. Molinaro, “Democracy and the Reconstitution of Canada”, in Alan Ware, editor, Democracy and North America, London, Portland, Or.: Frank Cass, →ISBN, page 103:

It is no disrespect to non-Québeckers to deny them authority in a decision as to whether Québec forms an independent state. But it would be an injustice to Québeckers to give non-Québeckers authority in a decision as to Québec independence or to deny authority to Québeckers.

1997, David Copp, “Democracy and Communal Self-Determination”, in Robert McKim, Jeff McMahan, editors, The Morality of Nationalism, New York, N.Y., Oxford: Oxford University Press, page 296:


Québécer

Marc Renaud argues that the social changes that occurred during the “quiet revolution,” combined with the lack of managerial employment opportunities for Québécers in the Anglo-controlled private sector, led a “new middle class” to seek “social hegemony” in the provincial government.

1984, Victor G. Rodwin, The Health Planning Predicament: France, Québec, England, and the United States, University of California Press, →ISBN, pages 143–144:

When Québécers are not at the cinema watching their films, they are most likely at home watching Québec’s most popular television series, Lance et Compte (He Shoots, He Scores), which follows the escapades of a professional hockey team.

1991, International Film Guide, 1990, →ISBN, page 106, column 2:

The Household Workers Association would like to remind Québécers that most domestic workers are excluded from coverage by the Minimum Wage Law.

1995, Marjorie Griffin Cohen, “Paid Work”, in Canadian Women’s Issues; Volume II: Bold Visions, Toronto, Ont.: James Lorimer & Company, Publishers, →ISBN, page 130:


Québecer

It should be noted however that their participation is less than that of the other groups: although they represent 80.7% of the total population, French-speaking Québecers form only 77.7% of the labor force.

1972, The Language of Work; the Position of French in Work and Consumer Activities of Québecers (Report of the Commission of Inquiry on the Position of the French Language and on Language Rights in Québec), page 14:

Québecers have long had a reputation for gregariousness (Vallée, 1973). Foreign sociologists who have had the opportunity to systematically observe the social life of Québecers have been impressed by the density of their social relations.

1992, Simon Langlois, Jean-Paul Baillargeon, Gary Caldwell, Guy Fréchet, Madeleine Gauthier, Jean-Pierre Simard, “Sociability Networks”, in Recent Social Trends in Quebec, 1960-1990 (Comparative Charting of Social Change), Campus Verlag, McGill-Queen’s University Press, translation of La Société québécoise en tendances, page 89:

The 37 percent of Québecers who voted for the federal Liberal party in the 1993 federal elections surely have no doubt about their own identity as both Québecers and Canadians;

1998, Raymond M. Hébert, “Identity, Cultural Production and the Vitality of Francophone Communities Outside Québec”, in Leen d’Haenens, editor, Images of Canadianness: Visions on Canada’s Politics, Culture, Economics (International Canadian Studies Series), University of Ottawa Press, page 44:


Québécker

Gouanvic’s SF: Dix années de science-fiction québécoise (Montréal, 1988; “Autres mers, autres mondes” series) is a competent anthology of ten high-point strories. In the same year Gouanvic also published in the same series Dérives 5 (Montréal, 1988), another francophone anthology; of the five stories, which all seem to focus on the perversion of social power, those by two of the four Québéckers represented, Jean Pettigrew and Esther Rochon, are particularly fine.

1992, David Ketterer, “International Arrival of Canadian Science Fiction”, in Canadian Science Fiction and Fantasy, Bloomington, Ind., Indianapolis, Ind.: Indiana University Press, →ISBN, page 140:

I ended up in Québec. And I did think I could help. I did think English Québéckers were getting a bum deal.

2006, Barry Callaghan, Raise You Five: Essays & Encounters 1964-2004, Toronto, Ont.: McArthur & Company, →ISBN, page 138:

Or as Ouali, 20 years old, who arrived in Canada from Algeria only 11 months before we began the workshops in Saint-Michel, describes: “Arabs, Haitians, Québéckers, and South Americans play together”.

2018, Willem Salet, editor, The Routledge Handbook of Institutions and Planning in Action, Routledge:


Johorean

A native or inhabitant of Johor in Malaysia.


Johorian

en-adj

Johorian (comparative more Johorian, superlative most Johorian)

more Johorian (comparative)
most Johorian (superlative)


Suma

A unisex given name from the South Asian languages


Peninah

Alternative form of Pnina (“female given name”)


Pnina

Both Ivana and Pnina's husband would know of the affair from the start , the husband going so far as to meet with Ivana in private to discuss how it was that she could tolerate it.

2000, John O'Meara, Defending Her Son, page 73:

The government made it hard for people like Pnina's family to practice their religion, and during a time of civil war and famine, they fled to a refugee camp in Sudan […]

2020, Elena Favilli, Good Night Stories for Rebel Girls:


Dovid

A male given name from Yiddish, variant of David.


Bayleigh

A female given name transferred from the surname, variant of Bailey


Aroostook

en-noun

Aroostook (plural Aroostooks or Aroostook)

From Malecite-Passamaquoddy Wool-ahs-took (“good river for everything”).

der

A member of a tribe of the Mi'kmaq Native American people of Aroostook County, Maine.


pre-Brexit

(European politics) Referring to the time before Brexit.


Herc

Clipping of Hercules.; A diminutive of the male given name Hercules


Middelfarter

(demonym) Someone from Middelfart, Denmark.


Belenite

(demonym) Someone from Belen, New Mexico.


Tim's

(Canada, informal) Synonym of Tim Hortons


Tim Whoreton's

(Canada, vulgar, slang, derogatory, rare) Synonym of Tim Hortons


Timmy Ho-Ho's

(Canada, informal) Synonym of Tim Hortons.


God Emperor

God + Emperor. Its use in reference to the Emperor of Japan is from a calque of Japanese 天皇 (tennō), literally "heavenly sovereign/emperor", referring to the emperor's descent from the sun goddess Amaterasu.
For the second usage, from far-right Internet users depicting Donald Trump as the God-Emperor of Mankind, a character from the British science fiction tabletop game Warhammer 40,000. This tabletop game has become popular among far-right Internet groups for its satirical militarist themes.

A god-king; a sovereign worshiped as a god.

Here the God Emperor and his fanatic warlords were using this same Western civilization for one purpose and only one: to create one of the world's most powerful war machines.

1944, United States Office of War Information, The Battle of China:

(specific, historical) The Emperor of Japan.

The meme was from Trump's cameo at WrestleMania 23 a decade prior, and in it he tackled WWE owner Vince McMahon before pummeling him on ... Several of his fellow users were congratulating him for getting “the God Emperor's” attention.

2017, Jared Yates Sexton, The People Are Going to Rise Like the Waters Upon Your Shore: A Story of American Rage, Catapult, →ISBN:

Just days after his election, Trump reaffirmed his campaign commitments to shut down Muslim immigration by signing an ... and with the election over and the man the AltRight called “the god emperor” on his way to the White House, ...

2017, George Hawley, Making Sense of the Alt-Right, Columbia University Press, →ISBN:

To the 4chan boys Trump was a hero, the social failure in chief, a clown prince. They called him the God Emperor, a swaggering fat Daddy, who, as one commentator put it, would put a car in every white man's drive and an Aryan woman in ...

2018, Javaad Alipoor, The Believers are But Brothers, Bloomsbury Publishing, →ISBN:

“Trump is willing to say what most Americans think: It's time to deport these people,” Anglin declared, ... and avid campaign volunteers, referring to Trump with extravagant nicknames such as “Our Great God Emperor,” “the Nimble ...

2018, Arnold Dashefsky, Ira M. Sheskin, American Jewish Year Book 2017: The Annual Record of the North American Jewish Communities, Springer, →ISBN, page 136:

Pepe had already been frequently portrayed as a Trump supporter on social media sites. ... a quick browse through the rabid Trump sub-Reddit the_donald will notice many of its members exalting the politician with the title “God Emperor."

2019, Grant Kien, Communicating with Memes: Consequences in Post-truth Civilization, Rowman & Littlefield, →ISBN, page 190:

... Donald J. Trump'.46 This 380,000-strong group refers to Donald Trump as 'daddy' and 'the God Emperor',and gains its identity by standing against liberalism, feminism, intellectualism, and much more besides ...

2019, Fay Bound Alberti, A Biography of Loneliness: The History of an Emotion, Oxford University Press, USA, →ISBN, page 130:

Trump won. They'd made these Photoshopped pictures of Trump flying around on his victory horse, through the gates of heaven, with a crown on his head and his golden sword. They call him the God Emperor.” “That sounds awful.” “I know.

2019, Blake Nelson, The Red Pill: A Novel, Bombardier Books, →ISBN:

Our Glorious Leader has ascended to God Emperor.”1 Ten days after Trump's election, the National Policy Institute, the generically named but emphatically white-nationalist think tank led by professional racist Richard Spencer, ...

2020, Talia Lavin, Culture Warlords: My Journey Into the Dark Web of White Supremacy, Legacy Lit, →ISBN:

(Internet slang, US politics, humorous) Donald Trump, American politician and 45th president of the United States.


Kambera

A Malayo-Polynesian language spoken in the eastern part of the island Sumba, Indonesia.


Yedukondalu

Borrowed from Telugu ఏడుకొండలు (ēḍukoṇḍalu, “seven hills (of Tirumala); alternative name for Venkateswara”).

bor

A male given name used among Telugu people.


Birminghamian

A native or resident of Birmingham, Alabama, United States.


Madawaskan

Someone from or residing in Madawaska, Maine.


Gloriana

Coined by English poet Edmund Spenser to represent Elizabeth I in his poem The Faerie Queene (1590), from Latin gloria (“glory”).

After Mr. Smith’s decease, she m. for a 2d husband, and as his 2d wife, Dr. George Muirson of Setauket, L. I. (son of Rev. George Muirson of Hempstead, L. I., and Gloriana Smith, dau. of Col. William Smith).

1874, Benjamin W[oodbridge] Dwight, The History of the Descendants of John Dwight, of Dedham, Mass., volume I, New York, N.Y.: John F. Trow & Son, […], page 1103:

The little stranger is named Gloriana Craig. She arrived on June 24, 1922.

1922, Union Electric Quarterly, page 20:

When I was the ripe age of 17, I met a girl named Gloriana at an out-of-state sports meet.

2002, Mary-Lou Galician, quoting Brent (name changed), Sex, Love, & Romance in the Mass Media: Analysis & Criticism of Unrealistic Portrayals & Their Influence, New York, N.Y., London: Routledge, →ISBN, page 127:

Through an acquaintance with his mother’s neighbor, Robert Bourassa, he met a woman named Gloriana LaPointe.

2009, Edith Reynolds, John Murray, Wicked Waterbury: Madmen & Mayhem in the Brass City, The History Press, →ISBN:


Yorick

Alas poore Yorick, I knew him Horatio, a fellow of infinite Ieſt; […]

c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i], page 278, column 1:


Bahnar

A people in the Central Highlands of Vietnam.

The Bahnaric language spoken by this people.


Bahnaric

A subfamily of Austroasiatic languages spoken in Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos


bird app

Derived from the Twitter logo of a blue bird.

You're always on that damn bird app!

Another poll on the bird app has gone viral ... this time with the question being -- who's the baddest out of these 2 ladies???

2021 December 11, “SALMA HAYEK HOTTER THAN JENNIFER LOPEZ??? Twitter Says ... Absolutely”, in TMZ:

It’s easier to not open the bird app when I don’t want them instead of declaring a mass exodus.

2021 December 14, Ben Cost, quoting mh-Musings @entrespire, “Fans, haters are ‘deleting Twitter’ over ‘Spider-Man’ spoilers”, in New York Post:

(Internet slang, often derogatory) The social media application X, formerly Twitter.


Washoe

From English Wa She Shu, from Washo Wá꞉šiw ʔítlu (“Wašišiw”) Literally, “people from here”.


New Right

While clearly opposed to the political thrust of much 'Heritage' cinema (Sammy and Rosie, in particular, in programmatically anti-Tory: for example, the property developer who ousts the 'straggly kids' is one of Thatcher's MPs and her vision of a 'new Britain' is blatantly lampooned), Kureishi's films do not, however, endorse traditional kinds of Left oppositional politics as the best means by which to challenge the hegemony of the New Right.

2001, Bart Moore-Gilbert, Hanif Kureishi, page 89:

Various right-wing political groups or policies in different countries:

(UK politics, historical) A strand of conservatism influenced by Margaret Thatcher and Ronald Reagan, committed to economic liberalism as well as being socially conservative.


Beckie

Variant of Becky, diminutive of Rebecca.

A diminutive of the female given name Rebecca, variant of Becky


Old Punjabi

The age of Old Punjabi: up to 1600 A.D. […] It is said that evidence of Old Punjabi can be found in the Granth Sahib.

2000, Gopal Haldar, Languages of India, →ISBN, page 149:

As an independent language Punjabi has gone through the following three stages of development: Old Punjabi (10th to 16th century). Medieval Punjabi (16th to 19th century), and Modern Punjabi (19th century to Present).

2013, Tej Bhatia, Punjabi, →ISBN, page XXV, →ISBN:

The Adi Granth is written in Old Punjabi language.

2021, Zhanna Chalabayeva, Red Indian Sun, →ISBN:

An early New Indo-Aryan language, ancestor of modern Punjabi, spoken from c. 1000–1600 CE which is found in certain hymns of the Guru Granth Sahib and poems of Fariduddin Ganjshakar.


Reub

A diminutive of the male given name Reuben


Rabindranath

Transliteration of Bengali রবীন্দ্রনাথ (robindronath), from Sanskrit रवि (ravi) + इन्द्र (indra) + नाथ (nātha).


Old Malay

(linguistics) The oldest attested form of Malay language.

(linguistics) The ancestor of Malay language (all form and dialects), spoken in Sumatra from about 1,000 BCE.

(nonstandard, colloquial, proscribed) Archaic Malay speech or writing, or an imitation of this: "old" Malay.


Gipper

From Reagan's role as George "The Gipper" Gipp (1895-1920) in the 1940 film Knute Rockne, All American, which lead to him acquiring the nickname "the Gipper," later popularized by the media during his presidency.

It took no more than a jaunty one-liner in the second presidential debate—"I refuse to hold my opponent's youth against him"—for large numbers of people to be reassured that if the Gipper had ever been out of it, he was now back.

1992, Michael Weiler, W. Barnett Pearce, Reagan and Public Discourse in America, page 137:

Over the eight years of the Reagan presidency, the Gipper asked Congress for $16.1 billion more in spending than it passed into law.

1999, Al Franken, Rush Limbaugh is a Big Fat Idiot and Other Observations, page 126:

[…] most of the Ford vote from 1976, which Bush had hoped to claim, went heavily for the Gipper.

2014, Craig Shirley, Rendezvous with Destiny: Ronald Reagan and the Campaign That Changed America, unnumbered page:

A nickname for American actor and politician Ronald Reagan.


Sirenik

Transliteration of Sirenik Сиӷы́ных (Siǧýnyh), from сиӷы́ных (siǧýnyh, “horn”), from Proto-Eskimo *ciʀunǝʀ.

transliteration

(linguistics) An extinct Eskimo-Aleut language.


Harv

A diminutive of the male given name Harvey


Keerthi

Keerthi was waiting inside to meet him. She had been waiting there for him since morning.

2017, Arun K Nair, Murderous Greed, Chennai: Notion Press, →ISBN, →ISBN:

Alternative form of Kirti (a female given name)


Kirti

Transliteration of Hindi कीर्ति (kīrti, “fame, renown, glory”).

translit

The left-handed girl sitting in front of him was Kirti and not Jennie.

2016, Juggi Bhasin, Bollywood Deception: When Death Bares a Mask of Glamour and Sleaze, Penguin, →ISBN, →ISBN:

Shreyas was worried. He had called his wife Kirti on her cell phone. There was no response. Kirti had told him after lunch that she would go out to buy fruits and vegetables at Abids market.

2019, R C Natarajan, Post Googlism and Other Short Stories, Manipal University Press, →ISBN, page 121, →ISBN:

Kirti had known the two of them as good friends because she saw them a couple of times talking to each other.

2021, Nagesh Sudhakar, Love Beyond Religion, Booksclinic Publishing, →ISBN, page 79, →ISBN:


DeSatan

2021 September 11, “Killing Florida Schooĺ Kids -- DeSatan's Goal”, in political-euwetopia (Usenet):

Joseph Kleinplatz, a protester who referred to the Florida governor as "DeSatan," told the New York Jewish Week that it's "wrong" to have him in the city. "The Jewish religion is not about hate," he said.

2022 June 12, Jacob Henry, “Ron DeSantis calls out 'woke gender ideology' in speech to Jewish group in Manhattan”, in NY Jewish Week, Jewish Telegraphic Agency:


Gettysburgian

en-adj

Gettysburgian (comparative more Gettysburgian, superlative most Gettysburgian)

more Gettysburgian (comparative)
most Gettysburgian (superlative)


Koushik

Transliteration of Bengali কৌশিক (kōuśik).


Afia

A female given name
A female given name from Arabic

A female given name
A female given name from Akan

Alternative form of Aafia; A female given name from Urdu


Aafia

From Urdu عافی ('āfī), from Arabic عَافِيَة (ʕāfiya).


Itonama

A moribund language isolate spoken by these people.


Ibanag

The Austronesian language of these people.


Partygate

2021 December 8, “'Partygate' strains trust in Boris Johnson's government”, in Financial Times:

2021 December 8, “Partygate: Tory anger as Boris Johnson told he 'should resign' if he misled Parliament”, in The Telegraph:

(UK politics) The controversy surrounding members of the government holding parties in 2020 and 2021 during COVID-19 lockdowns, when gatherings were banned.


Peckham Rye

An open space (Peckham Rye Common and Park), named thoroughfare and railway station in Peckham, borough of Southwark, Greater London, England (OS grid ref TQ3475).


Wuggers

Jocular modification of Worcester + -ers. See Oxford "-er".

(Oxford University slang, archaic) Worcester College, Oxford.


Maggers

Jocular modification of Magdalen + -ers. See Oxford "-er".

(Oxford University slang, archaic) Magdalen College, Oxford.


Shura

From Russian Шура (Šura), short for Александр (Alexander) or Александра (Alexandra).