kick off

en-verb

kick off (third-person singular simple present kicks off, present participle kicking off, simple past and past participle kicked off)

kicks off (present singular third-person)
kicking off (participle present)
kicked off (participle past)
kicked off (past)

Coordinate term: set off

Let's kick off this project with a planning meeting.

The project kicked off with an energy-sapping meeting.

Not since Coventry in 1992 has a Premier League side kicked off a campaign with an all-English XI but things have reached the point where, of the 61 signings who have cost the elite division's 20 clubs a transfer fee this summer, only 12 have involved Englishmen.

2013 August 19, Louise Taylor, “English talent gets left behind as Premier League keeps importing”, in The Guardian:

On Saturday the group kicked off a weekend of activity ahead of its summer uprising this week, which aims to disrupt five major UK cities and shock people into action against the climate crisis.

2019 July 13, Nosheen Iqbal, “Extinction Rebellion kick off weekend of protest with Dalston blockade”, in The Observer:

To kick it all off, there's a street parade through the Todd Mall, followed by a full-day of competitions with a lolly scramble for the kids[.]

2022 August 1, Off the Leash, Darwin, NT, page 6, column 1:

(transitive, intransitive, idiomatic) To start; to launch; to set in motion.


rash

rash (third-person singular simple present rashes, present participle rashing, simple past and past participle rashed)

rashes (present singular third-person)
rashing (participle present)
rashed (participle past)
rashed (past)

PIE word
 *wréh₂ds
Probably an aphetic form of arace (“to tear up by the roots; to draw away”) (obsolete), from Middle English aracen (“to remove (something) by force, pluck or pull out, tear out; to grab; to lacerate; to flay or skin (an animal); to erase, obliterate”) [and other forms], from Old French aracer, arachier (“to pull off (by physical force)”) [and other forms] (whence Anglo-Norman racher, aracher (“to pluck out, pull out”); modern French arracher (“to pull up, tear out, uproot; to extract, take out (a tooth); to peel, pull off, rip off; to buy, snap up; to fight over; to tear (oneself) away from”)), a variant of esrachier (“to eradicate, get rid of”), from Latin exrādīcāre, ērādīcāre, the present active infinitive of ērādīcō (“to root out; to annihilate, extirpate”), from ē- (a variant of ex- (prefix meaning ‘away; out’)) + rādīx (“root of a plant”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wréh₂ds (“root”)) + -ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs).

cog

There Marinell great deeds of armes did ſhevv; / And through the thickeſt like a Lyon flevv, / Raſhing off helmes, and ryuing plates a ſonder, / That euery one his daunger did eſchevv.

1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book V, Canto III”, in The Faerie Queene. […], part II (books IV–VI), London: […] [Richard Field] for William Ponsonby, →OCLC, stanza 8, page 214:

His Creſt is raſh'd away; his ample Shield / Is falſify'd and round with Jav'lins fill'd.

1697, Virgil, “The Ninth Book of the Æneis”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 496, lines 1094–1095:

Chiefly followed by away, down, off, out, etc.: to pluck, pull, or rip (something) violently.


switch

→ Gulf Arabic: سويچ (swīč)

→ German: Switch

Perhaps from Middle Dutch swijch (“twig”), first attested in c. 1592. The mechanical device for altering the direction of something sense is first attested in c. 1797, pertaining to pivoted rails on minecart railways, which were once wooden.

камута́тар

system allowing the interconnection of telephone lines

(firearms, slang) Synonym of Glock switch.

(slang, metonymically) A Glock pistol equipped with a Glock switch.


cross

→ Japanese: クロス (kurosu)

From Middle English cross, cros, from Old English cros (“rood, cross”), perhaps from Old Irish cros (compare Welsh croes, Irish crois), perhaps from Latin crux (cruci). In this sense displaced native Middle English rood, from Old English rōd; see rood.
The sense of "two intersecting lines drawn or cut on a surface; two lines intersecting at right angles" without regard to religious signification develops from the late 14th century.
cognates
*Old Norse kross (“cross”)
*Icelandic kross (“cross”)
*Faroese krossur (“cross”)
*Danish kors (“cross”)
*Swedish kors (“cross”)
*German Kreuz (“cross”)
*Dutch kruis (“cross”)

the church-lands lying within the same, which were called the Cross

1612, John Davies, Discoverie of the True Causes why Ireland was never entirely subdued:


outrage

en-verb

outrage (third-person singular simple present outrages, present participle outraging, simple past and past participle outraged)

outrages (present singular third-person)
outraging (participle present)
outraged (participle past)
outraged (past)

/ˈaʊt.ɹɪd͡ʒ/

From Middle English outrage, from Old French outrage, oultrage (“excess”), from Vulgar Latin *ultrāticum ("a going beyond"), derived from Latin ultrā (“beyond”). Later reanalysed as out- + rage, whence the contemporary pronunciation, though neither of these is etymologically related.
The verb is from Middle English outragen, from Old French oultragier.

Their will the tiger sucked, outraged the storm

1742–1745, [Edward Young], The Complaint: Or, Night-Thoughts on Life, Death, & Immortality, London: […] [Samuel Richardson] for A[ndrew] Millar […], and R[obert] Dodsley […], published 1750, →OCLC:

(obsolete, transitive) To rage in excess of.


anger

anger (third-person singular simple present angers, present participle angering, simple past and past participle angered)

angers (present singular third-person)
angering (participle present)
angered (participle past)
angered (past)

From Middle English anger (“grief, pain, trouble, affliction, vexation, sorrow, wrath”), from Old Norse angr, ǫngr (“affliction, sorrow”) (compare Old Norse ang, ǫng (“troubled”)), from Proto-Germanic *angazaz (“grief, sorrow”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂enǵʰ- (“narrow, tied together”).
Cognate with Danish anger (“regret, remorse”), Norwegian Bokmål anger (“regret, remorse”), Swedish ånger (“regret”), Icelandic angur (“trouble”), Old English ange, enge (“narrow, close, straitened, constrained, confined, vexed, troubled, sorrowful, anxious, oppressive, severe, painful, cruel”), German Angst (“anxiety, anguish, fear”), Latin angō (“squeeze, choke, vex”), Albanian ang (“fear, anxiety, pain, nightmare”), Avestan 𐬄𐬰𐬀𐬵 (ązah, “strangulation; distress”), Ancient Greek ἄγχω (ánkhō, “I squeeze, strangle”), Sanskrit अंहु (aṃhu, “anxiety, distress”). Also compare with English anguish, anxious, quinsy, and perhaps to awe and ugly. The word seems to have originally meant “to choke, squeeze”.
The verb is from Middle English angren, angeren, from Old Norse angra. Compare with Icelandic angra, Norwegian Nynorsk angra, Norwegian Bokmål angre, Swedish ångra, Danish angre.

cog

He who angers you conquers you.

“Poetling, fret thyself not! / I will not one tittle imperil / Thy sorry cockboat; / Nor yet thy poor dear life will I harass / With over-hazardous tossings. / For thou, little poet, ne’er angeredst me; / Thou hast me no least little pinnacle harmed / Of Priamus’ sacrosanct stronghold; / Nor even the least little lash hast thou singed / Of the eye of my son Polyphemus; / And thee with her counsels protected hath ne’er / The Goddess of Wisdom, Pallas Athené.”

1911, Heinrich Heine, translated by John Payne, The Poetical Works of Heinrich Heine: Now First Completely Rendered into English Verse, in Accordance with the Original Forms, volume one, Villon Society, page 176:

(transitive) To cause such a feeling of antagonism in.


angrily

en-adv

angrily (comparative more angrily, superlative most angrily)

more angrily (comparative)
most angrily (superlative)

/ˈæŋ.ɡɹə.li/

From Middle English angrily, equivalent to angry + -ly.

"Leave me alone for once," she said angrily.

"So it was a trick," said Narkunda angrily.

1943, H. Lorna Bingham, The Lost Tribe, Sydney: Winn and Co., page 13, column 1:

The message from this week’s election – and from the angry, at times overtly sexist and authoritarian rhetoric that Mr. Trump used on the campaign trail – is that America is a deeply, angrily, unstably divided country.

2024 November 7, Ned Temko, “With Trump, ‘America First’ is back. US allies brace for a shock.”, in The Christian Science Monitor:

In an angry manner; under the influence of anger.


apoplexy

en-noun

apoplexy (countable and uncountable, plural apoplexies)

Late Middle English from Old French apoplexie, from Late Latin apoplexia, from Ancient Greek ἀποπληξία (apoplēxía, “madness; apoplexy, paralysis”), from ἀποπλήσσω (apoplḗssō, “to cripple by a stroke”) + -ία (-ía, nominal suffix). See plague.

af

(medicine, dated) Unconsciousness or incapacity resulting from a cerebral hemorrhage or stroke.

(medicine) Gross hemorrhage into a cavity or into the substance of an organ.

Ten Straight White Males die of a mysterious disease and the nation has apoplexy — Headlines — TV Reports — Sympathy. MONEY comes pouring in and there was no discussion about where to find it.

1983 August 13, Jim Wilson, “Learning From AIDS”, in Gay Community News, volume 11, number 5, page 6:

(informal) A state of intense and almost uncontrollable anger.


aflame

en-adj

aflame (comparative more aflame, superlative most aflame)

more aflame (comparative)
most aflame (superlative)

My heart's aflame, my body's strained, but, God, I like it

2006, “Wolf Like Me”, in Return to Cookie Mountain, performed by TV on the Radio:

In flames, on fire, flaming, with flames coming from it.

She said nothing and simply stared at him, eyes aflame.


ire

From Middle English ire, from Old French ire (“ire”), from Latin īra (“wrath, rage”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eysh₂- (“to fall upon, act sharply”) (compare Old English ofost (“haste, zeal”), Old Norse eisa (“to race forward”), Ancient Greek ἱερός (hierós, “supernatural, holy”), οἶστρος (oîstros, “frenzy; gadfly”), Avestan 𐬀𐬈𐬯𐬨𐬀 (aesma, “anger”), Sanskrit इष् f (iṣ, “refreshment, strength”)). Compare also Middle English irre, erre (“anger, wrath”), from Old English yrre, ierre, eorre (“anger, wrath”).

cog

to raise the ire of someone

She lik'd not his desire; Fain would be free but dreadeth parents ire

a. 1587, Philippe Sidnei [i.e., Philip Sidney], “(please specify the folio)”, in [Fulke Greville; Matthew Gwinne; John Florio], editors, The Countesse of Pembrokes Arcadia [The New Arcadia], London: […] [John Windet] for William Ponsonbie, published 1590, →OCLC:

If I digg'd up thy forefathers graves, And hung their rotten coffins up in chains, It could not slake mine ire, nor ease my heart.

c. 1591–1592 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Third Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iii]:

Or Neptune's ire, or Juno's, that so long Perplex'd the Greek and Cytherea's son.

1667, John Milton, “Book IX”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:

For this th' avenging Pow'r employs his darts; / And empties all his quiver in our hearts; / Thus will perſiſt, relentleſs in his ire, / Till the fair ſlave be render'd to her ſire: [...]

a. 1701 (date written), John Dryden, “The First Book of Homer’s Ilias”, in The Miscellaneous Works of John Dryden, […], volume IV, London: […] J[acob] and R[ichard] Tonson, […], published 1760, →OCLC, page 419:

News of this notice from the university was picked up by local media and had the effect of raising the ire of some citizens who saw this as an attack on ‘Chinese heritage’, which in turn resulted in a rapid apology from the university[.]

2019, Li Huang, James Lambert, “Another Arrow for the Quiver: A New Methodology for Multilingual Researchers”, in Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, →DOI, page 3:

Meanwhile, Buffalo was under a driving ban until midnight Thursday because many of its streets were still clogged, preventing people from getting groceries and medication. In predominantly Black parts of the city, like the East Side, many residents still can’t leave their homes. Twelve-foot snow drifts still cover windows.¶ Buffalo’s slow, haphazard plowing and response has also drawn the ire of county leaders.

2022 December 27, Brianna Sacks, “Buffalo blizzard fuels racial and class divides in polarized city”, in The Washington Post, archived from the original on 2022-12-29:


piss off

en-verb

piss off (third-person singular simple present pisses off, present participle pissing off, simple past and past participle pissed off)

pisses off (present singular third-person)
pissing off (participle present)
pissed off (participle past)
pissed off (past)

What really pisses me off about my job is that I have to get up at six o'clock.

It pisses people off that I am thin and I don't make any effort.

2022 October 5, Lauren Harby, “What We Know About Celine Dion's Health Battle”, in The List:

(idiomatic, transitive, vulgar, colloquial) To annoy, anger.


waxy

From Middle English waxi, wexy, equivalent to wax (“soft oily substance”) + -y.

(UK, obsolete, slang) A cobbler (shoe repairer).


mad

mad (third-person singular simple present mads, present participle madding, simple past and past participle madded)

mads (present singular third-person)
madding (participle present)
madded (participle past)
madded (past)

From Middle English madden, from the adjective; compare Old English ġemǣdan.

New York City, New Orleans, Philadelphia, Baltimore

This musick mads me, let it sound no more.

1595 December 9 (first known performance), William Shakespeare, “The life and death of King Richard the Second”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene 5]:

He that mads others, if he were so humoured, would be as mad himself, as much grieved and tormented […].

1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition I, section 2, member 4, subsection iv:

Carolina! Whine your body gyal! Make Dem know say you have it fi mad dem

1993 March 22, “Oh Carolina”, in Pure Pleasure, performed by Shaggy (musician):

(now colloquial US, Jamaica) To madden, to anger, to frustrate.


wroth

en-adj

wroth (comparative more wroth, superlative most wroth)

more wroth (comparative)
most wroth (superlative)

From Middle English wroth, wrooth, from Old English wrāþ, from Proto-Germanic *wraiþaz (“cruel”), from Proto-Indo-European *wreyt- (“to turn”). Akin to Saterland Frisian wreed (“haughty; proud”), Old Saxon wrēd (“evil”) (Dutch wreed (“cruel”)), Old High German reid (“cruel”), Old Norse reiðr (“angry”) (Danish vred, Swedish vred).

cog

But unto Cain and to his offering he had not respect. And Cain was very wroth, and his countenance fell.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 4:5:

You behold, Sir, how he waxeth Wroth at your Abode here.

1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume II, London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC, page 289:

And to be wroth with one we love, / Doth work like madness in the brain.

1816, S[amuel] T[aylor] Coleridge, “(please specify the page)”, in Christabel: Kubla Khan, a Vision: The Pains of Sleep, London: […] John Murray, […], by William Bulmer and Co. […], →OCLC:

But in the meantime Robin Hood and his band lived quietly in Sherwood Forest, without showing their faces abroad, for Robin knew that it would not be wise for him to be seen in the neighborhood of Nottingham, those in authority being very wroth with him.

1883, Howard Pyle, chapter V, in The Merry Adventures of Robin Hood […], New York, N.Y.: […] Charles Scribner’s Sons […], →OCLC:

At this Sir Launcelot was very wroth; for he could not abide seeing a fellow-knight of the Round Table treated with such disregard as that which Sir Gaheris suffered at the hands of Sir Turquine; […]

1905, Howard Pyle, The Story of the Champions of the Round Table, New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, page 48:

Business men are learning that it pays to be friendly to strikers. For example, when two thousand five hundred employees in the White Motor Company's plant struck for higher wages and a union shop, Robert F. Black, the president, didn't wax wroth and condemn, and threaten and talk of tyranny and Communists. He actually praised the strikers. He published an advertisement in the Cleveland papers, complimenting them on "the peaceful way in which they laid down their tools."

1936, Dale Carnegie, How to Win Friends and Influence People, Part 3, Chapter 4:

(formal, archaic) Full of anger; wrathful.


rage

en-noun

rage (countable and uncountable, plural rages)

From Middle English rage, from Anglo-Norman rage, from Late Latin rabia, from Classical Latin rabiēs (“anger, fury”). Doublet of rabies.
Displaced native Middle English wode, from Old English wōd ("madness, fury, rage"; compare Modern dialectal English wood (“mad, insane, furious, raging”)); and Middle English hotherte (“anger”), from Old English hātheort (“fury, anger, wrath, rage”).

gl

"madness, fury, rage"; compare Modern dialectal English <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">wood</i> (“mad, insane, furious, raging”)

ncog

Heav'n has no Rage, like Love to Hatred turn'd, / Nor Hell a Fury, like a Woman ſcorn'd.

1697, [William] Congreve, The Mourning Bride, a Tragedy. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, Act III, page 39:

They burned the old gun that used to stand in the dark corner up in the garret, close to the stuffed fox that always grinned so fiercely. Perhaps the reason why he seemed in such a ghastly rage was that he did not come by his death fairly. Otherwise his pelt would not have been so perfect. And why else was he put away up there out of sight?—and so magnificent a brush as he had too.

1879, R[ichard] J[efferies], chapter 1, in The Amateur Poacher, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], →OCLC:

That evening, Felix and Trish Homer invited me to the Sundancer for "a bit of a rage."

2013, Larry M. Edwards, Dare I Call It Murder?: A Memoir of Violent Loss, San Diego, C.A.: Wigeon Publishing, →ISBN, page 95:

(slang, US, Australia, New Zealand) An exciting and boisterous party.

And your true rights be termed a poet's rage

1609, William Shakespeare, “Sonnet XVII”, in Shake-speares Sonnets. […], London: By G[eorge] Eld for T[homas] T[horpe] and are to be sold by William Aspley, →OCLC:

in great rage of pain

1627 (indicated as 1626), Francis [Bacon], “(please specify the page, or |century=I to X)”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], London: […] William Rawley […]; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC:

convulsed with a rage of grief

1850, Nathaniel Hawthorne, chapter 6, in The Scarlet Letter, a Romance, Boston, Mass.: Ticknor, Reed, and Fields, →OCLC:

He appeased the rage of hunger with some scraps of broken meat.

1856 December, [Thomas Babington] Macaulay, “Samuel Johnson”, in T[homas] F[lower] E[llis], editor, The Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches of Lord Macaulay, new edition, London: Longman, Green, Reader, & Dyer, published 1871, →OCLC:


rage

en-verb

rage (third-person singular simple present rages, present participle raging, simple past and past participle raged)

rages (present singular third-person)
raging (participle present)
raged (participle past)
raged (past)

From Middle English ragen, from Old French rager, ragier, from the noun (see above).
Displaced native Middle English weden (“to rage with anger”), from Old English wēdan (“to rage”), among other synonyms.

ncog

These events are all about raging hard, getting as fucked up as you can. Not necessarily even about dancing, just being a face in this giant extravaganza.

2012 August 2, Simon Reynolds, quoting Nathan Messer, “How rave music conquered America”, in The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-02-13:

(slang, US, Australia, New Zealand) To party hard; to have a good time.

The King is come, deale mildly with his youth, / For young hot Colts, being rag'd, do rage the more.

1595 December 9 (first known performance), William Shakespeare, “The life and death of King Richard the Second”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act 2, scene 1], page 28, column 2:


yond

From Middle English onde (“malice, ill-will”), from Old English onda, anda (“envy, jealousy; hatred, anger”).

der

Emongst the shepheard swaynes, then wexeth wood & yond

1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto VIII”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 40:


enrage

en-verb

enrage (third-person singular simple present enrages, present participle enraging, simple past and past participle enraged)

enrages (present singular third-person)
enraging (participle present)
enraged (participle past)
enraged (past)

From Old French enrager, enragier, from rage. Equivalent to en- + rage.

(transitive) To fill with rage; to outrage; to provoke to frenzy; to make furious.


umbrage

en-noun

umbrage (countable and uncountable, plural umbrages)

/ˈʌm.bɹɪd͡ʒ/

From Middle French ombrage (“umbrage”), from Old French ombrage, from Latin umbrāticus (“in the shade”), from umbra (“shadow, shade”).

Antipathy in one nation against another disposes each more readily to offer insult and injury, to lay hold of slight causes of umbrage, and to be haughty and intractable when accidental or trifling occasions of dispute occur.

1796, George Washington, "Farewell Address", American Daily Advertiser

—He took umbrage at something or other, that muchinjured but on the whole eventempered person declared, I let slip.

1922 February, James Joyce, “[Episode 16]”, in Ulysses, Paris: Shakespeare and Company, […], →OCLC:

She looked very neurotic, moving in a jerky way, her body giving little twitches of habitual umbrage.

1960, Muriel Spark, chapter 10, in The Bachelors, London: Macmillan:

If she knew [a psychiatrist was] observing her son with a view to finding out if he was foggy between the ears, there would be umbrage on her part, or even dudgeon.

1960, P. G. Wodehouse, Jeeves in the Offing, chapter VI:

When the call is over, Cooper thanks her — for leashing the dog, but for also endangering him, for living down to herself, for quite a performance of umbrage.

2020 June 3, Wesley Morris, “The Videos That Rocked America. The Song That Knows Our Rage.”, in New York Times:

A feeling of anger or annoyance caused by something offensive.


paddy

paddy (countable and uncountable, plural paddies)

Borrowed from Malay padi (“paddy plant”). Doublet of palay.

bor+

(countable) A paddy field, a rice paddy; an irrigated or flooded field where rice is grown.


paddy

Krio: pàdí

throw a paddy etc.

I like the story of the Emperor Frederick who got into a paddy with his cook, and shouted: 'I am the Emperor, and I want dumplings.'

2013, Mike Brown, Adventures with Czech George, page 17:

You know what I like best about paddy chicks? They give good head. Black broads don’t know nothing about giving head. I don’t know why. Might be it has something to do with some ancient tribal custom.

2000, Requiem For a Dream, spoken by Big Tim (Keith David):

(African-American Vernacular, slang) A white person.


irate

en-adj

irate (comparative irater, superlative iratest)

irater (comparative)
iratest (superlative)

From Latin īrātus (“angered, angry”), from īrāscī (“to be angry”), from īra (“anger, wrath”).


fury

en-noun

fury (countable and uncountable, plural furies)

From Middle English furie, from Old French furie, from Latin furia (“rage”).

1697, [William] Congreve, The Mourning Bride, a Tragedy. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, Act III, page 39:

The building of the railway in this notable beauty spot roused the great Victorian writer John Ruskin to fury.

1960 March, J. P. Wilson, E. N. C. Haywood, “The route through the Peak - Derby to Manchester: Part One”, in Trains Illustrated, page 155:


quick-tempered

en-adj

quick-tempered (comparative more quick-tempered, superlative most quick-tempered)

more quick-tempered (comparative)
most quick-tempered (superlative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-quick-tempered.wav

He was a quick-tempered fellow who was generally avoided by his co-workers.

Easily or quickly angered or frustrated.


wrath

en-noun

wrath (usually uncountable, plural wraths)

The noun is derived from Middle English wraththe, wreththe (“anger, fury, rage; animosity, hostility; deadly sin of wrath; distress, vexation; punishment; retribution (?)”) [and other forms], from Old English wrǣþþu (“ire, wrath”) [and other forms], from Proto-West Germanic *wraiþiþu (“anger, fury, wrath”), from *wraiþ (“angry, furious, wroth; hostile, violent; bent, twisted”) (from Proto-Germanic *wraiþaz (“angry, furious, wroth; hostile, violent; bent, twisted”), from Proto-Indo-European *wreyt- (“to twist”)) + *-iþu (suffix forming abstract nouns). Effectively analysable as wroth + -th.
The verb is derived from Middle English wratthen (“to be or become angry, to rage; to quarrel; to cause wrath, offend; to become troubled or vexed; to cause grief or harm, grieve, vex”) [and other forms], from wraththe, wreththe (noun) (see above) + -en (suffix forming the infinitive of verbs).
cognates
* Danish vrede (“anger”)
* Dutch wreedte (“cruelty”)
* Icelandic reiði (“anger”)
* Swedish vrede (“anger, ire, wrath”)

nb...

wraaþ, wragh, wraght, wraith, wrat, wrā̆th, wrathe, wrā̆the, wrath, wraththe, wratth, wratthe, wraugth, wretthe, (Scotland) wraith, (Southwest Midlands) wradðe, wrað, wraðe, wræððe, wraððe, wraððhe, wraðþe, wraþe, wraþþe, wreadðe, wreaððe, wredða, wredðe, wreþþe, (Early Middle English) wræþdæ

wraððo, wræððu, wræððo, wrǣþþ, (Northumberland) urāððo

nb...

wrath, wrathe, wrathen, wraththe, wraththen, wraththi, wratth, wratthe, wraþþen, wreththe, wreththi, wretth, wretthe, wretthi, wretthin, wreþþen, (Southwest England, Southwest Midlands) wreaððin, wreððen, (Early Middle English) wraðhin, wræðþiæn

Homer relates an episode in the Trojan War that reveals the tragic consequences of the wrath of Achilles.

Let all bitternes, fearſnes and wrath, rorynge and curſyd ſpeakynge, be put awaye from you, with all maliciouſnes.

1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, Ephesians iiij:[31], folios cclvij, recto – cclvij, verso:

Thou barrein ground, whome winters wrath hath waſted,
 Art made a myrrhour, to behold my plight: […]

1579, Immeritô [pseudonym; Edmund Spenser], “Ianuarye. Ægloga Prima.”, in The Shepheardes Calender: […], London: […] Hugh Singleton, […], →OCLC, folio 1, verso:

I tel you true my hart is ſwolne with wrath,
 On this ſame theeuiſh villain Tamburlain.

c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire, London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act II, scene ii, signature B2, verso:

[H]im ſo far had borne his light-foot ſteede,
 Pricked vvith vvrath and fiery fierce diſdaine,
 That him to follovv vvas but fruitleſſe paine; […]

1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book I, Canto II”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 8, page 21:

VVho (in my vvrath)
 Kneel'd and^([sic – meaning at]) my feet, and bid me be aduis'd?

c. 1593 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Richard the Third: […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i], page 183, column 1:

Lingring perdition (vvorſe then any death
 Can be at once) ſhall ſtep, by ſtep attend
 You, and your vvayes, vvhoſe vvraths, to guard you from,
 VVhich here, in this moſt deſolate Iſle, elſe fals
 Vpon your heads, is nothing but hearts-ſorrovv,
 And a cleere life enſuing.

1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iii], page 13, column 2:

[S]tern briſtles hedg'd up high
 His back, vvhich did all vvrath of thorns defie.

1648, Joseph Beaumont, “Canto II. Lust Conquered. Stanza 16.”, in Psyche: Or Loves Mysterie, […], London: […] John Dawson for George Boddington, […], →OCLC, page 14, column 2:

[C]ome not near me to night, vvhile I'm in vvrath.

1667 (revival performance), John Dryden, The Wild Gallant: A Comedy. […], In the Savoy [London]: […] T[homas] Newcomb for H[enry] Herringman, […], published 1669, Act II, page 24:

The Seer, vvho could not yet his VVrath aſſvvage,
 Rovvl'd his green Eyes, that ſparkl'd vvith his Rage; […]

1697, Virgil, “The Fourth Book of the Georgics”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 142, lines 651–652:

For vvhen he knevv his Rival freed and gone,
 He ſvvells vvith VVrath; he makes outrageous Moan:
 He frets, he fumes, he ſtares, he ſtamps the Ground;
 The hollowvv Tovv'r vvith Clamours rings around: […]

1700, [John] Dryden, “Palamon and Arcite: Or, The Knight’s Tale. In Three Books.”, in Fables Ancient and Modern; […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, book I, page 17:

VVhat Drop or Noſtrum can this Plague remove?
 Or vvhich muſt end me, a Fool's VVrath or Love?

1735 January 13 (Gregorian calendar; indicated as 1734), [Alexander] Pope, An Epistle from Mr. Pope, to Dr. Arbuthnot, London: […] J[ohn] Wright for Lawton Gilliver […], →OCLC, page 2, lines 29–30:

Then nature injur'd, ſcandaliz'd, defil'd,
 Unveil'd her bluſhing cheek, look'd on and ſmil'd,
 Beheld vvith joy the lovely ſcene defac'd,
 And prais'd the vvrath that lay'd her beauties vvaſte.

1781 (date written), William Cowper, “Expostulation”, in Poems, London: […] J[oseph] Johnson, […], published 1782, →OCLC, page 124:

[…] Miſs Margland, in deep vvrath, refuſed to let her move a ſtep.

1796, [Frances Burney], “A Raffle”, in Camilla: Or, A Picture of Youth. […], volume I, London: […] T[homas] Payne, […]; and T[homas] Cadell Jun. and W[illiam] Davies (successors to Mr. [Thomas] Cadell) […], →OCLC, book II, page 254:

But quickly Peter's mood is chang'd,
 And on he drives with cheeks that burn
 In downright fury and in wrath— […]

1798 (date written), William Wordsworth, “Part First”, in Peter Bell, a Tale in Verse, London: […] Strahan and Spottiswoode, […]; for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, […], published 1819, →OCLC, page 26:

When lo! a wasted Female form,
 Blighted by wrath of sun and storm,
 In tattered weeds and wild array,
 Stood on a cliff beside the way, […]

1810, Walter Scott, “Canto IV. The Prophecy.”, in The Lady of the Lake; […], Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for John Ballantyne and Co.; London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, and Orme, and William Miller, →OCLC, stanza XXI, page 172:

[S]he remained still: except that she clenched her arms tighter and tighter within each other, on her bosom, as if to restrain them by that means from doing an injury to herself, or some one else, in the blind fury of the wrath that suddenly possessed her.

1846 October 1 – 1848 April 1, Charles Dickens, “Another Mother and Daughter”, in Dombey and Son, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1848, →OCLC, page 348:

His chafing, bleeding temper is one raw; his whole soul one rage, and wrath, and fever.

1861 January – 1862 August, W[illiam] M[akepeace] Thackeray, “I Charge You, Drop Your Daggers!”, in The Adventures of Philip on His Way through the World; […], volume II, London: Smith, Elder and Co., […], published 1862, →OCLC, page 238:

How sweetly would she glide between your wraths,
 And steal you from each other!

1864, Alfred Tennyson, “Aylmer’s Field”, in Enoch Arden, &c., London: Edward Moxon & Co., […], →OCLC, page 87:

We come in charity and good will, but we may go in wrath.

1882, Ouida [pseudonym; Maria Louise Ramé], chapter XII, in In Maremma […], volume I, London: Chatto & Windus, […], →OCLC, page 243:

The most rapid and most seductive transition in all human nature is that which attends the palliation of a ravenous appetite. […] Can those harmless but refined fellow-diners be the selfish cads whose gluttony and personal appearance so raised your contemptuous wrath on your arrival?

1921, Ben Travers, “‘Sing Cuccu Nu’”, in A Cuckoo in the Nest, Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Page & Company, published 1925, →OCLC, part I (“Come He Will”), page 47:

(uncountable, formal) Great anger; (countable) an instance of this.

[T]hey are in the verie vvrath of loue, and they vvill together. Clubbes cannot part them.

c. 1598–1600 (date written), William Shakespeare, “As You Like It”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene ii], page 194, column 2:

[I]f you hold your life at any price, betake you to your gard: for your oppoſite hath in him vvhat youth, ſtrength, skill, and vvrath, can furniſh man vvithall.

c. 1601–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Twelfe Night, or What You Will”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iv], page 269, column 1:

(uncountable, obsolete) Great ardour or passion.


wrath

en-verb

wrath (third-person singular simple present wraths, present participle wrathing, simple past and past participle wrathed)

wraths (present singular third-person)
wrathing (participle present)
wrathed (participle past)
wrathed (past)
wrath (infinitive)

[R]emembre howe by thy cursed synnes thou haste offended and wrathed thy lorde god.

[1506?], Jacobus van Gruitroede, translated by [Margaret Beaufort], The Mirroure of Golde for the Synfull Soule, London: […] Richarde Pynson, →OCLC, folio 12, verso:

Of ire yͤ whiche is agayne god. […] A man wratheth hym ayenst god for many thynges, pryncypally for the flagellacions, aduersytees, fortunes, sykenesses, & mortalytees, losses, punycyons, famyne, warre & yll tyme.

1510 September 24 (Gregorian calendar), [Andrew Chertsey], transl., Ihesus. The Floure of the Commaundements of God […], London: […] Wynkyn de Worde, →OCLC, folio 60, recto:

And than the byſſhop ſayd vnto the clerke⸝ thou haſt wrathed me⸝ but yf thou wylte be ſory thou ſhalte haue my loue as thou haddeſt before⸝ & I ſhall gyue the [i.e., thee] the benefyce yͭ I haue promyſed to gyue the⸝ ſholde not he be anone ſory of that I byleue that yes.

1520, Saynt Peter of Lucẽbourth [i.e., Pierre de Luxembourg], anonymous translator, The Boke Entytuled the Next Way to Heuen […], London: […] Wynkyn de Worde, →OCLC, folio [4], recto:

(transitive)
To anger (someone); to enrage.


wrath

en-adj

wrath (comparative more wrath, superlative most wrath)

more wrath (comparative)
most wrath (superlative)

A variant of wroth, probably influenced by wrath (noun) (see etymology 1).

Take heede the Queene come not vvithin his ſight,
 For Oberon is paſſing fell and vvrath:
 Becauſe that ſhe, as her attendant, hath
 A louely boy ſtollen, from an Indian king:
 She neuer had ſo ſvveete a changeling.

c. 1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, A Midsommer Nights Dreame. […] (First Quarto), London: […] [Richard Bradock] for Thomas Fisher, […], published 1600, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i], signature B3, recto:

VVhereat the Prince full vvrath, his ſtrong right hand
 In full auengement heaued vp on hie,
 And ſtroke the Pagan vvith his ſteely brand
 So ſore, that to his ſaddle bovv thereby
 He bovved lovv, and ſo a vvhile did lie: […]

1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book IV, Canto VIII”, in The Faerie Queene. […], part II (books IV–VI), London: […] [Richard Field] for William Ponsonby, →OCLC, stanza 43, page 120:

And Pharao being a vvrath againſt them (for the one vvas chiefe of the cupbearers, the other chiefe baker) he ſent them into the priſon of the captaine of the ſouldiers, in the vvhich Ioſeph alſo vvas priſoner.

1609, The Holie Bible, […] (Douay–Rheims Bible), Doway: Lavrence Kellam, […], →OCLC, Genesis 40:2–3, pages 122–123:

Th' old Dragon underground
 In ſtraiter limits bound,
 Not half ſo far caſts his uſurped ſvvay,
 And vvrath to ſee his Kingdom fail,
 Svvindges the ſcaly Horrour of his foulded tail.

1629, John Milton, “On the Morning of Christs Nativity”, in Poems of Mr. John Milton, […], London: […] Ruth Raworth for Humphrey Mosely, […], published 1646, →OCLC, page 9:

Lovel, seldom angry, was violently wrath with his brother-in-law; and, almost always polite, was at breakfast scarcely civil to Lady Baker.

1860 January–June, W[illiam] M[akepeace] Thackeray, “A Black Sheep”, in Lovel the Widower, London: Smith, Elder and Co., […], published 1861, →OCLC, page 165:

I felt wrath with her. My heart so cherished my harmless, defenceless Lilian, that I was jealous of the praise taken from her to be bestowed on another.

1861 September 28 – 1862 March 8, [Edward Bulwer-Lytton], chapter XXXI, in A Strange Story. […], volume II, London: Sampson Low, Son, & Co., […], published 1862, →OCLC, page 229:

(archaic) Synonym of wroth (“full of anger; wrathful”)


blow-up

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-blow-up.wav

The kids played with a blow-up sea-monster in the pool.


blow up

en-verb

blow up (third-person singular simple present blows up, present participle blowing up, simple past blew up, past participle blown up)

blows up (present singular third-person)
blowing up (participle present)
blew up (past)
blown up (participle past)

From Middle English blow up, blowe up, dissimilated forms of earlier Middle English upblowen (> English upblow), equivalent to blow + up. Compare West Frisian opblaze (“to blow up, inflate”), Dutch opblazen (“to blow up, inflate”), German aufblähen and aufblasen (“to blow up, inflate”), Swedish blåsa upp (“to blow up, inflate”), Icelandic blása upp (“to blow up, inflate”), Gothic 𐌿𐍆𐌱𐌻𐌴𐍃𐌰𐌽 (ufblēsan, “to blow or puff up”).

cog

to blow someone up with flattery

blown up with high conceits engendering pride

1667, John Milton, “Book IV”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:

(transitive, dated) To inflate, as with pride, self-conceit, etc.; to puff up.

(intransitive, cycling) To succumb to oxygen debt and lose the ability to maintain pace in a race.

I am the man
 So I’m sitting in the VIP
with my mains
We twisted up some Crip
but I am ready to dip
to the telly with my relly
cuz these fuckin git up chicks keep blowin up my celly.

2007, “Fucc & Git Up”, in DZ (lyrics), Sleepless City Livin, performed by DZ ft. Gangsta Nutt, from 1:59:

Don't let them sabotage a possible good thing by blowing up your phone while you're in the middle of a hot date with nonsense like, “Jason keeps asking for a Popsicle before bed. Do you think it's okay that I give him one?”

2009, RM Johnson, Why Men Fear Marriage: The Surprising Truth Behind Why So Many Men Can't Commit, →ISBN:

Dad sure knew how to kill a mood. He had blown up my phone all day, ensuring that I didn't back out of our agreement.

2011, Jaime Reed, Living Violet, →ISBN, page 67:

Not knowing the whereabouts of his daughter, Tavon blew up her phone without once getting a response.

2012, Chris Hicks, Ebony Chronicles of Elevation, volume 1, →ISBN, page 181:

He has never officially said that we are in a relationship, but he blows up my phone night and day, always wanting to know where I am.

2013, Michelle McKinney Hammond, The Real Deal on Love and Men, →ISBN:

“Danny Cipriani is blowing up my phone saying: ‘I’m going to sue you’,” she said, shortly before announcing her willingness to go to prison over the issue.

2014 September 11, Alexis Petridis, quoting Kelly Brook, “A freedom fighter for our time: Kelly Brook will not be silenced over Danny Cipriani”, in The Guardian:

They're blowing up our phones, asking where we are / Just say we're almost there; we ain't even in the car

2015, Kacey Musgraves, (Please provide the book title or journal name):

(transitive, slang, said of a device or machine) To overwhelm through unexpectedly high demand, activity, usage, traffic volume, etc.

(especially) (said of a cell phone, pager, or other personal communication device) To bombard with a large number of calls, texts, or notifications, to the point of rendering temporarily unusable or exasperating the recipient.

Halfway home, and my pager's still blowin' up

1992, Ice Cube (lyrics and music), “It Was A Good Day”, in The Predator:

(intransitive, slang, said of a device or machine) To be overwhelmed by unexpectedly high demand, usage, activity, traffic volume, etc.

(especially) (said of a cell phone, pager, or other personal communication device) To receive a large number of calls, texts, or notifications, to the point of being rendered temporarily unusable or exasperating the recipient.


dudgeon

Uncertain:
* Perhaps the same as Etymology 2, below
* Perhaps from Welsh dygen (“anger, grudge”) (from dy- + cwyn (“complaint”)), though the OED rejects this.
* Possibly from dudgen (“trash, something worthless”).
* Possibly borrowed from Italian aduggiare (“to overshadow”), similar to the semantic development of umbrage.

All gentle folks who owe a grudge / To any living thing, / Open your ears and stay your trudge / Whilst I in dudgeon sing.

1818, John Keats, “The Gadfly”, in Letter to Tom Keats:

To crown his discontent, his approach was utterly unnoticed by that capricious damsel. He dashed away in dudgeon from the house at an early hour, certainly less regretted by the maid than by the master of the inn.

1835, William Gilmore Simms, The Partisan, Harper, Chapter XVIII, page 224:

[…] I have reason to know that she took its impressment into the service of boiling my egg and broiling my bacon, in dudgeon; for I saw her, with my own discomfited eyes, shake her fist at me once […]

1849 May – 1850 November, Charles Dickens, “I am Sent Away from Home”, in The Personal History of David Copperfield, London: Bradbury & Evans, […], published 1850, →OCLC:

You may take the whole damned houseful if you like. Except the jewels. Theyre hired. Will that satisfy you? [He turns on his heel and is about to go in extreme dudgeon].

1912 (date written), [George] Bernard Shaw, “Pygmalion”, in Androcles and the Lion, Overruled, Pygmalion, London: Constable and Company, published 1916, →OCLC, Act IV, page 167:

[W]ith girls of high and haughty spirit you have to watch your step, especially if they have red hair, like Bobbie. If they think you're talking out of turn, dudgeon ensues, and dudgeon might easily lead her to reach for the ginger ale bottle and bean me with it.

1960, P[elham] G[renville] Wodehouse, chapter XI, in Jeeves in the Offing, London: Herbert Jenkins, →OCLC:

In her typical appearances on Fox News, Jeanine Pirro, a former Republican district attorney, reserves her highest dudgeon for castigating liberals and lamenting the demise of law and order.

2020 May 30, Michael M. Grynbaum, Annie Karni, Jeremy W. Peters, “What Top Conservatives Are Saying About George Floyd and Police Brutality”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

A feeling of anger or resentment, especially haughty indignation.

Groll

feeling of anger or resentment, especially haugthy indignation


wrathful

en-adj

wrathful (comparative more wrathful, superlative most wrathful)

more wrathful (comparative)
most wrathful (superlative)


vehemence

en-noun

vehemence (usually uncountable, plural vehemences)

From Middle French vehemence, from Latin vehementia (“eagerness, strength”), from vehemens (“eager”).

der

The bear attacked with vengeance and vehemence.

An intense concentration, force or power.

стремителност

His response was bursting with hatred and vehemence.

This worrisome tendency was on display in recent weeks as Israelis reacted with striking vehemence to remarks by UN secretary general, Ban Ki-moon, and US ambassador to Israel, Daniel Shapiro.

2016 February 6, Israel’s prickliness blocks the long quest for peace, “The National”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name):

I could not wonder at the vehemence of her care, her very soul was tenderness […]

1826, [Mary Shelley], chapter I, in The Last Man. […], volume III, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 8:

Eagerness, fervor, excessive strong feeling.


get someone's goat

en-verb

get someone's goat (third-person singular simple present gets someone's goat, present participle getting someone's goat, simple past got someone's goat, past participle (UK) got someone's goat or (US) gotten someone's goat)

gets someone's goat (present singular third-person)
getting someone's goat (participle present)
got someone's goat (past)
got someone's goat (UK participle past)
gotten someone's goat (US participle past)

/ˌɡɛt ˈsʌmwʌnz ˈɡəʊt/

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Persent101-get someone's goat.wav

Uncertain; it has been suggested that the term may be derived from French prendre la chèvre (literally “to take the goat”), or refer to the stealing of a goat mascot from a military unit, etc.

der

Coordinate term: yank someone's chain

It really gets my goat when inconsiderate people drop litter in public.

If he had legged it on his own account, because what he heard me say got his goat, I could understand that.

1915, Pelham Grenville Wodehouse, chapter XXIII, in Uneasy Money, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton and Company, published 17 March 1916, →OCLC, page 306:

"Unfortunately," said Soames, "there's no such thing as luck in properly regulated assurance, as we shall find, or I'm much mistaken. I shouldn't be surprised if an action lay against the Board for gross negligence!" That had got the Chairman's goat!—Got his goat? What expressions they used nowadays!

1924 October, John Galsworthy, “The Mark Falls”, in The White Monkey, London: William Heinemann, published November 1924, →OCLC, part II, page 123:

But there's one litte thing that gets my goat, / That certainly strikes a sour note. / It's that Southern Ship who has my place— / With her larger decks and her faster pace.

1941 May, “Milestone”, in T. Orchard Lisle, editor, The Log, volume 36, number 8, San Francisco, Calif.: Miller Freeman Publishers, →OCLC, page 34:

It sure did get their goat; they turned without saying a word and walked off toward the highway, red-necked, us laughing behind them. I forget sometimes what laughter can do.

1962 February 1, Ken Kesey, One Flew over the Cuckoo’s Nest (Signet Books; 225), New York, N.Y.: New American Library, →OCLC; republished New York, N.Y.: Signet, New American Library, February 1963, →OCLC, page 95:

Sometimes people are quite simply intent on riling us; on getting our goat. [...] If you don't want them to get your goat, don't let them know where it is.

2002, Barry Winbolt, “Looking for New Ideas”, in Difficult People: A Guide to Handling Difficult Behaviour, Seaford, East Sussex: ISR Publishing, Institute for Social Relations, published 2005, →ISBN, section 2, pages 191–192:

As Sandra Strain had seen it, as quickly as Natty had gotten her goat, she had slaughtered it by being apologetic. This was not what the girl had anticipated, nor wanted to hear.

2005, Sandy Santistevan, chapter 7, in Song of the Cicada: A Novel, Lincoln, Neb.: iUniverse, →ISBN, page 79:

(informal, idiomatic) To annoy or infuriate someone.

courir sur le haricot

to annoy or infuriate someone — see also annoy, infuriate


have it in for

en-verb

have it in for (third-person singular simple present has it in for, present participle having it in for, simple past and past participle had it in for)

has it in for (present singular third-person)
having it in for (participle present)
had it in for (participle past)
had it in for (past)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-have it in for.wav

My boss must really have it in for me; that was the third lecture this week!

(transitive, colloquial) To be very angry with; to have a grudge against; to intend revenge against.


have had it up to here

have had it up to here (third-person singular simple present has had it up to here, present participle having had it up to here, simple past and past participle had had it up to here)

has had it up to here (present singular third-person)
having had it up to here (participle present)
had had it up to here (participle past)
had had it up to here (past)

I have had it up to here with your nonsense!

(idiomatic, informal) To have become very frustrated or angry; to have reached the limit of one's patience or forbearance.

estar fins al capdamunt

To have reached the limit of one's patience


frenzy

en-adj

frenzy (comparative more frenzy, superlative most frenzy)

more frenzy (comparative)
most frenzy (superlative)

From Middle English frensy, frenesie, from Old French frenesie, from Latin phrenesis, from Ancient Greek *φρένησις (*phrénēsis), a later equivalent of φρενῖτις (phrenîtis, “inflammation of the brain”): see frantic and frenetic. Doublet of phrenesis.

They thought that some frenzy distemper had got into his head.

1678, John Bunyan, The Pilgrim's Progress:


fly off the handle

en-verb

fly off the handle (third-person singular simple present flies off the handle, present participle flying off the handle, simple past flew off the handle, past participle flown off the handle)

flies off the handle (present singular third-person)
flying off the handle (participle present)
flew off the handle (past)
flown off the handle (participle past)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-fly off the handle.wav

My dad flew off the handle when he saw the F grade on my report card.

(colloquial) To become very angry or enraged; to throw a fit or go crazy.


temper

en-noun

temper (countable and uncountable, plural tempers)

From Middle English temperen, tempren, from Old English ġetemprian, temprian, borrowed from Latin temperō (“I divide or proportion duly, I moderate, I regulate; intransitive senses I am moderate, I am temperate”), from tempus (“time, fit season”). Compare also French tempérer. Doublet of tamper. See temporal.

der

an outburst of temper

Hortense remained for several days in a condition of sullen anger—she was a cloud lit up by occasional unaccountable flashes of temper.

1919, Henry Blake Fuller, chapter 28, in Bertram Cope’s Year:

Jill suddenly flew into a temper (which is quite a likely thing to happen if you have been interrupted in a cry).

1953, C. S. Lewis, chapter 1, in The Silver Chair, London: Geoffrey Bles, published 1965:

[…] she banged the door as she left as though in temper and walked to her car.

1999, Colm Tóibín, chapter 4, in The Blackwater Lightship, New York: Scribner, page 110:


hothead

From hot + head. Compare English hotbrain (“a hothead”); Middle English hot-heorte, hat-heorte (“anger”), Old English hātheort (“furious, angry, irascible, passionate, ardent”, literally “hot-heart”).

cog

The club was full of eager young hotheads who never seemed to be able to agree on anything.

(derogatory) One who angers easily or goes in search of arguments or fights.

brushoved

one who angers easily or goes in search of arguments or fights


choler

en-noun

choler (usually uncountable, plural cholers)

From Middle English coler (“yellow bile”), from Old French colere (“bile, anger”), from Latin cholera (“bilious disease”), from Ancient Greek χολή (kholḗ, “bile”). Doublet of cholera.

Threatned with frowning wrath and iealouſie,
Surpriz’d with feare and hideous reuenge,
I ſtand agaſt: but moſt aſtonied
To ſee his choller ſhut in ſecrete thoughtes,
And wrapt in ſilence of his angry ſoule.

c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire, London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act III, scene ii:

This roused the tinker's choler, already provoked at Tugwell's amorous freedom with his doxy, and he gave him a click in the mazard. Tugwell had not been used tamely to receive a kick or a cuff; he, therefore, gave the tinker a rejoinder, […]

1808, Richard Graves, The Spiritual Quixote, page 127:

(historical, medicine) One of the four humours of ancient physiology, also known as yellow bile.


off the deep end

It used to be a funny comic, but lately it has gone off the deep end.

(idiomatic, US) Crazy, erratic, or irrational.


take umbrage

en-verb

take umbrage (third-person singular simple present takes umbrage, present participle taking umbrage, simple past took umbrage, past participle taken umbrage)

takes umbrage (present singular third-person)
taking umbrage (participle present)
took umbrage (past)
taken umbrage (participle past)

“She took umbrage?”
 “Yes, and she also took my head off. I don't know if you have ever been in a typhoon on the Indian Ocean.”

1960, P. G. Wodehouse, Jeeves in the Offing, chapter X:


in high dudgeon

When civil dudgeon first grew high, \ And men fell out, they knew not why; \ When hard words, jealousies, and fears, \ Set folks together by the ears..

1663, Hudibras, by Samuel Butler, part 1, canto 1

He puts on a querulous voice and says, "Question. What particular altitude is dudgeon inevitably? Answer. High." He laughs and slaps his knees.

1987, Bernard MacLaverty, short story. "The Drapery Man" (published in The Great Profumo and Other Stories, Jonathan Cape, 1987) - p.35

(idiomatic) Resentfully or furiously, with indignation or pomposity.


road rage

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road + rage. First use appears c. 1988 in the Orlando Sentinel.

For quotations using this term, see Citations:road rage.

(automotive, law, psychology) Uncontrollable aggressive behavior by the driver of a road vehicle, especially when caused by stress or frustration.


go ape

go ape (third-person singular simple present goes ape, present participle going ape, simple past went ape, past participle gone ape)

goes ape (present singular third-person)
going ape (participle present)
went ape (past)
gone ape (participle past)

(slang) To become wildly excited or enthusiastic.


blow a gasket

blow a gasket (third-person singular simple present blows a gasket, present participle blowing a gasket, simple past blew a gasket, past participle blown a gasket)

blows a gasket (present singular third-person)
blowing a gasket (participle present)
blew a gasket (past)
blown a gasket (participle past)

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Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see blow, gasket. To cause the seal made by a gasket to fail.


madden

madden (third-person singular simple present maddens, present participle maddening, simple past and past participle maddened)

maddens (present singular third-person)
maddening (participle present)
maddened (participle past)
maddened (past)

The rascal saw his advantage, and began a fierce harangue against the heretic strangers. As he maddened, his hearers maddened; the savage nature, capricious as a child's, flashed out in wild suspicion. Women yelled, men scowled, and ran hastily to their huts for bows and blow-guns.

1855, Charles Kingsley, Westward Ho!, published 1898, page 353:

And as he maddened at the thought, honest Fergus, too, forgot himself, and added in an excited strain, " I wish one end o' the hog's puddin' was sthuck in yer nose, you foolish craythur!"

1870, John O'Hanlon, Irish folk lore, page 71:

(intransitive, obsolete) To become furious.


hopping mad

He was hopping mad when he came home and discovered that she had bought a new car without consulting him.

"And you hit him? dear old Father Bhaer?" […]
"I was hopping mad at the time, and thought I shouldn't mind a bit, rather like it perhaps. But when I'd hit uncle one good crack […] I couldn't go on. […] I felt so mean."

1871, Louisa M[ay] Alcott, chapter 4, in Little Men: […], Boston, Mass.: Roberts Brothers, →OCLC:

Dora wouldn't help me make pies 'cause she was afraid of messing her clo'es and that made me hopping mad.

1909 September, L[ucy] M[aud] Montgomery, “Marilla Adopts Twins”, in Anne of Avonlea, Boston, Mass.: L[ouis] C[oues] Page & Company, →OCLC, page 84:

The biggest press news in Washington last week was that the "White House gang" — the little group of reporters whose beat is covering the President — was hopping mad at Franklin Roosevelt. Most of them felt that the President had played them for suckers and they were no happier when other newsmen rubbed it in.

1941 September 15, “The Press: End of a White House Friendship”, in Time, retrieved 2018-12-05:

Rhonda L. Gaynier, a New York lawyer, is hopping mad because, she says, getting on an airplane these days means being groped by a stranger.

2004 November 2, Joe Sharkey, “When a Pat-Down Seems Like Groping”, in New York Times, retrieved 2018-12-05:

(idiomatic) Extremely angry; furious to the point of outburst.


seethe

seethe (third-person singular simple present seethes, present participle seething, simple past and past participle seethed)

seethes (present singular third-person)
seething (participle present)
seethed (participle past)
seethed (past)
seethe (infinitive)

The verb is derived from Middle English sethen, seeth (“to boil, seethe; to cook; etc.”) [and other forms], from Old English sēoþan (“to boil, seethe; to cook; etc.”), from Proto-West Germanic *seuþan, from Proto-Germanic *seuþaną (“to boil, seethe”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂sewt-, *h₂sew-, *h₂sut- (“to move about, roil, seethe”).
The noun is derived from the verb.
cognates
* Albanian zjej (“to boil, seethe”)
* Danish syde (“to seethe, boil”)
* Dutch zieden (“to boil, seethe”)
* German sieden (“to boil, seethe”)
* Gothic 𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌸𐍃 (sauþs, “burnt offering, sacrifice”)
* Icelandic sjóða (“to boil, seethe”)
* Low German seden (“to seethe”)
* Norwegian Bokmål syde (“to boil, seethe”)
* Norwegian Nynorsk sjoda, syda (“to boil, seethe”)
* Scots seth, seith (“to seethe”)
* Swedish sjuda (“to boil, seethe”)
* West Frisian siede (“to boil”)

nb...

cethen, cethyn, sede, seden, seethe, seith, seithe, seth, sethe, sethene, syede, sith, sithe, sithen, zeoth, zeothen, zeotheon, (chiefly Early Middle English) seþe, seþen, seoth, seothe, seothen, seoþe, seoþen, (Early Middle English) seit, seod, soð

cog

Yee come t'encounter vvith a valiant Foe; / […] ſuch as ſhrinke not / To haue their bloods ſod vvith the dog-dayes heate, / Nor to be crudled vvith cold Saturnes Rod: […]

c. 1592 (date written), Thomas Heywood, The Foure Prentises of London, […], revised edition, London: […] Nicholas Okes, published 1632, →OCLC, signature K, recto:

[F]oorthvvith her eyes bred her eye-ſore, the firſt vvhite vvhereon their tranſpiercing arrovves ſtuck, being the breathleſſe corps of Leander: vvith the ſodaine contemplation of this piteous ſpectacle of her loue, ſodden to haddocks meate, her ſorrovve could not chooſe but be indefinite, […]

1599, [Thomas] Nashe, Nashes Lenten Stuffe, […], London: […] [Thomas Judson and Valentine Simmes] for N[icholas] L[ing] and C[uthbert] B[urby] […], →OCLC, page 45:

Floriſhing vvits and men of good parts, good faſhion, good vvorth, baſely proſtitute themſelues to euery rogues company, to take Tobacco, and drinke, to ſing ſcurrile ſongs. […] They drovvn their vvits, ſeeth their braines in ale, […]

1621, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], “Mirth and Merry Company Remedies”, in The Anatomy of Melancholy, […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and Iames Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition 2, section 2, member 6, subsection 4, page 380:

'Tis a poor Ideot Boy, / Who sits in the Sun, and twirls a Bough about, / His weak eyes seeth'd in most unmeaning tears.

1813, S[amuel] T[aylor] Coleridge, Remorse. A Tragedy, […], 2nd edition, London: […] W. Pople, […], →OCLC, Act II, scene i, page 25:

To overboil (something) so that it loses its flavour or texture; hence (figurative), to cause (the body, the mind, the spirit, etc.) to become dull through too much alcoholic drink or heat.

turruttaa

to cause (the body, the mind, etc.) to become dull through too much alcoholic drink or heat


impetuosity

en-noun

impetuosity (usually uncountable, plural impetuosities)

From English impetuous + -ity, from Middle French impétuosité, from Old French.


ferocity

ferocity (countable and uncountable, plural ferocities)

Borrowed from Middle French férocité, from Latin ferocitas, from ferox (“fierce”), from ferus (“wild, savage, fierce”).


see red

en-verb

see red (third-person singular simple present sees red, present participle seeing red, simple past saw red, past participle seen red)

sees red (present singular third-person)
seeing red (participle present)
saw red (past)
seen red (participle past)

Possibly from the red flag used in some historic armies to signal the imminence of battle, or from the red cloth used to enrage bulls in Spanish bullfighting, or more generally from the idea of red as a colour of warning and danger. Compare corresponding idioms in several European languages: Danish se rødt, German rotsehen, French voir rouge, etc.

Diop, sometimes criticized for passive play, saw red once this season when he lashed out at a foe who kicked away his legs.

2005 January 26, Rob Hughes, “Soccer: Trio from Senegal is having a ball”, in New York Times, retrieved 2013-11-14:

Kalinic later saw red for a rash tackle on Paul Scharner before Gabriel Tamas was dismissed for bringing down Diouf.

2010 December 28, Kevin Darlin, “West Brom 1 - 3 Blackburn”, in BBC:

(idiomatic, soccer) To receive a red card, and be dismissed from the playing field.


splenetic

en-adj

splenetic (comparative more splenetic, superlative most splenetic)

more splenetic (comparative)
most splenetic (superlative)

The adjective form of spleen, borrowed from Late Latin spleneticus, from Latin splen. Anger was traditionally believed to originate from the fluids of the spleen.

A sect, whose chief devotion lies / In odd perverse antipathies; / […] / More peevish, cross, and splenetick, / Than dog distract, or monkey sick.

1662 (indicated as 1663), [Samuel Butler], “[The First Part of Hudibras]”, in Hudibras. The First and Second Parts. […], London: […] John Martyn and Henry Herringman, […], published 1678; republished in A[lfred] R[ayney] Waller, editor, Hudibras: Written in the Time of the Late Wars, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: University Press, 1905, →OCLC:

Horace seems to have purg'd himself from those Splenetick Reflections in those Odes and Epodes, before he undertook the Noble Work of Satires; which were properly so call'd.

1692, John Dryden, “A Discourse Concerning the Original and Progress of Satire,”, in The Satires of Decimus Junius Juvenalis:

[…] here were no Gibers, Cenſurers, Backbiters, Pick-pockets, Highwaymen, Houſebreakers, Attorneys, Bawds, Buffoons, Gameſters, Politicians, Wits, ſplenetick tedious Talkers, Controvertiſts, Raviſhers, Murderers, Robbers, Virtuoſo's; […]

1726 October 28, [Jonathan Swift], “The Author’s Oeconomy and Happy Life among the Houyhnhnms. […]”, in Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World. […] [Gulliver’s Travels], volume II, London: […] Benj[amin] Motte, […], →OCLC, part IV (A Voyage to the Houyhnhnms), page 301:

Laura was at a loss to account for her cousin’s sulky behaviour, and ignorant in what she had offended him; however, she was not angry in her turn at Pen’s splenetic mood, for she was the most good-natured and forgiving of women, and besides, an exhibition of jealousy on a man’s part is not always disagreeable to a lady.

1848 November – 1850 December, William Makepeace Thackeray, chapter 27, in The History of Pendennis. […], volume (please specify |volume=I or II), London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1849–1850, →OCLC:

In fact, Gwendolen, not intending it, but intending the contrary, had offended her hostess, who, though not a splenetic or vindictive woman, had her susceptibilities.

1876, George Eliot [pseudonym; Mary Ann Evans], Daniel Deronda, volume (please specify |volume=I to IV), Edinburgh; London: William Blackwood and Sons, →OCLC:

In 1979 he published Contre le cinéma situationniste, néo-nazi (Against Neo-Nazi Situationist Cinema), a pamphlet on Hurlements and Debord's later films so splenetic that Isou was unable to bring himself to mention Debord by name; […]

1989, Greil Marcus, “The Attack on Charlie Chaplin”, in Lipstick Traces, Faber & Faber, published 2009:

Bad-tempered, irritable, peevish, spiteful, habitually angry.

I have already described the general protuberance of the abdomen among the children throughout the Messaria and the Carpas districts, all of whom are more or less affected by splenetic diseases.

1879, Sir Samuel White Baker, Cyprus, as I Saw it in 1879


splenetic

(archaic) A person affected with spleen.


pissy

pissy (comparative pissier, superlative pissiest)

pissier (comparative)
pissiest (superlative)

Stop being pissy: you knew what I meant when I said "Don't touch the dial", but you prodded the dial with a fork.

Anal retentive, whinging and pernickety.

Annoyed; angry; in a bad mood; pissed off.


red mist

the red mists of the morning

Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see red, mist.


hot under the collar

hot under the collar (comparative hotter under the collar, superlative hottest under the collar)

hotter under the collar (comparative)
hottest under the collar (superlative)

(idiomatic, colloquial, slang, of a person) Sexually aroused.


hot and bothered

hot and bothered (comparative more hot and bothered, superlative most hot and bothered)

more hot and bothered (comparative)
most hot and bothered (superlative)

(idiomatic, colloquial) Aggravated or irritated.


hotheaded

hotheaded (comparative more hotheaded, superlative most hotheaded)

more hotheaded (comparative)
most hotheaded (superlative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-hotheaded.wav

Such an opportunity can hardly again occur to an ancient and grey-haired man; and to see it lost by the madcap spleen of a hot-headed boy!

1816, Sir Walter Scott, chapter 1, in The Antiquary—Volume II:

"But I am!" flashed the young man, as if he had been misunderstood.
"Listen. You're like all boys—hot-headed an' hasty. Let me talk a little," resumed Anderson.

1919, Zane Grey, chapter 18, in The Desert of Wheat:

Hungry for fame and the approval of rare-animal collector Queen Victoria (Imelda Staunton), Darwin deceives the Captain and his crew into believing they can get enough booty to win the pirate competition by entering Polly in a science fair. So the pirates journey to London in cheerful, blinkered defiance of the Queen, a hotheaded schemer whose royal crest reads simply “I hate pirates.”

2012 April 26, Tasha Robinson, “Film: Reviews: The Pirates! Band Of Misfits :”, in The Onion AV Club:

Pertaining to or characteristic of a hothead or hotheadedness; (of a person) easily excited or angered.

буен

pertaining to or characteristic of a hothead; easily excited or angered


impetuously

en-adv

impetuously (comparative more impetuously, superlative most impetuously)

more impetuously (comparative)
most impetuously (superlative)

In an impetuous manner; with sudden force


hot-tempered

en-adj

hot-tempered (comparative more hot-tempered, superlative most hot-tempered)

more hot-tempered (comparative)
most hot-tempered (superlative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-hot-tempered.wav

Becoming very vocal or even violent when angered or frustrated.


radge

radge (comparative more radge, superlative most radge)

more radge (comparative)
most radge (superlative)

We met for the first time at the airport and ended up in Turkey – I’ve done a lot of radged things in my time but nothing like this.

2016 July 16, Joanna Morris, quoting Phil Stephenson, “Tinder date lands Darlington man in Turkey amid military coup”, in The Northern Echo, Darlington, UK:

That fight last night was radge

(Geordie, Scotland, Yorkshire, Cumbria, Birmingham) Violent or crazy.


radge

He hoyed a propa radge when a telt him.
He threw a real tantrum when I told him.

(Geordie, Scotland, Yorkshire) A fit of rage.

Thir's a desperate, pleading edge tae her voice. What a fuckin radge.

1994 [1993], Irvine Welsh, “Bang to Rites”, in Trainspotting, London: Minerva, →ISBN, page 220:

(derogatory, Scotland) An angry or violent person.


radge

en-verb

radge (third-person singular simple present radges, present participle radgin, simple past and past participle radged)

radges (present singular third-person)
radgin (participle present)
radged (participle past)
radged (past)


radge

(UK, dialect) Alternative form of rodge (“grey duck”)


ill-tempered

en-adj

ill-tempered (comparative more ill-tempered, superlative most ill-tempered)

more ill-tempered (comparative)
most ill-tempered (superlative)

Dr. Evil: You know, I have one simple request. And that is to have sharks with frickin’ laser beams attached to their heads! Now evidently my cycloptic colleague informs me that that can’t be done. Can you remind me what I pay you people for, honestly? Throw me a bone here! What do we have?
Number Two: Sea Bass.
Dr. Evil: Riiiight.
Number Two: They are mutated sea bass.
Dr. Evil: Really? Are they ill-tempered?

1997, Austin Powers: International Man of Mystery (film)

Spain’s acting prime minister, the socialist leader Pedro Sánchez, has a fresh, if fraught, shot at returning to power after his conservative rival Alberto Núñez Feijóo failed in his attempt to take office in an ill-tempered investiture debate that followed July’s inconclusive general election.

2023 September 29, Sam Jones, “Alberto Núñez Feijóo fails to win Spanish MPs’ backing to become PM”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:


ratty

ratty (comparative rattier, superlative rattiest)

rattier (comparative)
rattiest (superlative)

From rat + -y (suffix meaning ‘having the quality of’ forming adjective).

suffix

He got bad, he got ratty, he would take it out on people around him. He was mean when it turned against him.

(originally British) Annoyed, bad-tempered, irritable.


savagery

en-noun

savagery (countable and uncountable, plural savageries)

/ˈsæv.ɪd͡ʒ.ɹɪ/

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-savagery.wav

(uncountable) Savage or brutal behaviour; barbarity.


roid rage

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-roid rage.wav

(bodybuilding) Uncontrollable anger or violent behavior resulting from the use of anabolic steroids.


hit the roof

en-verb

hit the roof (third-person singular simple present hits the roof, present participle hitting the roof, simple past and past participle hit the roof)

hits the roof (present singular third-person)
hitting the roof (participle present)
hit the roof (participle past)
hit the roof (past)

When he found out I wrecked his brand-new car, he hit the roof.

Half a year of profits gone and now there's hell to pay / The cops say they know who, but there's no proof / The banker hit the roof / and damn near took the car.

1981, Stan Rogers (lyrics and music), “Night Guard”, in Northwest Passage:

(idiomatic) To be explosively angry; to lose one's temper.


hot-brain

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From hot + brain. Compare Old English hātheort (“furious, angry, irascible, passionate, ardent”).

cog

(obsolete) an impetuous, fiery person; a hothead


atrociousness

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1689, Francis Grant, Lord Cullen, The Loyalists Reasons for His Giving Obedience, and Swearing Allegiance, to the Present Government, Edinburgh: J. Reid, pp. 34-35,
If there be joyned to [injustice] an other vice […] , if it be frequent and habitual, in a Person of perfect Age, all these Aggravations augment its Atrociousness.

The atrociousness of a crime, depends greatly upon the nature, character, and condition of the victim. […] To steal bread from a full man, is theft; to steal it from a starving man, is both theft and murder.

1830, Theodore Dwight Weld, The Bible against Slavery, New York, page 12:

[…] as the day dawned, the atrociousness of his conduct became apparent.

1958, T. H. White, The Once and Future King, New York: Putnam, Book 2, Chapter 12, p. 309:

The state or quality of being atrocious.


short-tempered

en-adj

short-tempered (comparative more short-tempered, superlative most short-tempered)

more short-tempered (comparative)
most short-tempered (superlative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-short-tempered.wav

She is so short-tempered that people avoid her company.

Easily angered; frequently losing one's temper.


sorehead

en-noun

sorehead (countable and uncountable, plural soreheads)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-sorehead.wav

From sore + head, perhaps specifically from the simile like (or mad as) a bear with a sore head.

Sorehead is a prevailing trouble in Hawaii, but I am convinced that much sorehead, if not all of it, can be averted if we keep our chicks off the ground until they are at least three months old.

1905, F. L. Hoogs, Paradise of the Pacific, volumes 18-19, page 45:

1922, University of Hawaii (Honolulu), Agricultural Dept, Annual Report of the Agricultural Department, Volume 4, page 103,
The two principal causes of death among chicks has been sorehead and coccidiosis.

Such ailments as sorehead and pip also took their toll. Children learned early not to throw watermelon rinds where the chickens could peck them: pecking watermelon rinds gave chickens sorehead.

1977, Kathryn Tucker Windham, Southern Cooking to Remember, page 106:


in a bake

O, Dedalus, he cried, Doyle is in a great bake about you.

1916 December 29, James Joyce, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, New York, N.Y.: B[enjamin] W. Huebsch, →OCLC:


crossness

crossness (countable and uncountable, plural crossnesses)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-crossness.wav

Elizabeth […] wished he were beside her, and was so glad to think he would soon be beside her always, with all his humours and weaknesses, all his little crossnesses and complainings[…]

1863, Dinah Maria Craik, Mistress and maid:

At any other time Jessamy would have laughed at the expressions that chased each other over his freckled face: crossness left over from his struggle with the baby; incredulity; distress; and finally delight.

1967, Barbara Sleigh, Jessamy, Sevenoaks, Kent: Bloomsbury, published 1993, →ISBN, page 122:


furiousness

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-furiousness.wav

The state or quality of being furious or outraged; enragement; inflamedness.


fit to be tied

From fit (“proper, suitable; prepared, ready”) and tied (“attached or fastened by string or the like; bound”), probably referring to someone being so agitated or angry that they need to be physically restrained to prevent harm to themselves or others.

[…] Mrs. Pepper reprimanded the master in the middle of the Park, before all the quality—Sunday afternoon, and the band playing, and the officers laughing, and he fit to be tied.

1838 April, “Ensign O’Donoghue’s Packet from Belgium”, in Fraser’s Magazine for Town and Country, volume XVII, number C, London: James Fraser, […], →OCLC, page 446, column 2:

A thought struck him: he would play off the old lady for her ill-breeding, and he imparted his plan to Filagree. Shortly, they were whisked into a [train] tunnel, and all was darkness. Smack! Smack! from Cromwell, and ditto, ditto, from the Muffin, as they faithfully imitated loud kissing. It was pitch dark, and the old lady was "fit to be tied." "Girls, what are you about?" Smack! Smack! again.

1849, [Sir Richard Levinge, 7th Baronet], chapter VI, in Cromwell Doolan; or, Life in the Army. […], volume II, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 132:

Rage, frenzy and grief, fluctuated in my breast with a terrible power. I was as one distraught, as one fit to be tied.

1859 April 2, “The Reverend Alfred Hoblush Finds a New Broom”, in Charles Dickens, editor, Household Words. A Weekly Journal, volume XIX, number 471, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], →OCLC, page 425, column 2:

Some girls can set around until they're blue moulded, and never a feller to ask 'em, and others the boys'll fret and pleg until they're fit to be tied, with nerves!

1915, Kathleen Norris, chapter VIII, in The Story of Julia Page, Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Page & Company, →OCLC, page 368:

[…] I was fit to be tied though I wouldnt give in with that gentleman of fashion staring down at me with his glasses and him the other side of me talking about [Baruch] Spinoza […]

1922 February, James Joyce, “[Episode 18: Penelope]”, in Ulysses, Paris: Shakespeare and Company, […], →OCLC, part III [Nostos], page 719:

I’m fit to be tied right now. I’d like to throw my cap up into the air and yell Blue Blazes.

1932, Edgar Wallace, Merian C[aldwell] Cooper, novelization by Delos W[heeler] Lovelace, chapter 6, in King Kong, trade softcover edition, Nevada City, Calif.: Underwood Books, published 2005, →ISBN, page 40:

A man has a lot of time to think about a wife's anger during a long commute, […] You have all the way in to work to let it get into your head. And then if you've also been caught in a traffic jam, you're maybe fit to be tied by the time you get to work in the morning of you get home at night. You get the most depressing, down thoughts.

2007 June 3, Michael Leahy, “Driven to Extremes”, in The Washington Post, Washington, D.C.: The Washington Post Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2016-03-05:

You can run! / You can hide! / But we'll be right on your tail, / And we're all fit to be tied!

2020 March 21, Random Encounters (lyrics and music), “Goose on Holiday: An Untitled Goose Game Song”performed by Random Encounters, Adriana Figueroa, and FamilyJules, YouTube, archived from the original on 2023-03-21:

(idiomatic, informal) Very agitated or distressed; also, very angry; enraged, furious.


butthurt

en-adj

butthurt (comparative more butthurt, superlative most butthurt)

more butthurt (comparative)
most butthurt (superlative)

From butt + hurt. First use appears c. 1996 in the Usenet group alt.graffiti. See cite below.

"... oh my. dont get so butthurt, ... i cant even remember what i wrote. anyhow, no i've never been to newyork. and yes i know that graffiti started there.."

1996 November 12, kev...@aol.com, “WRITERS WITH HALF A BRAIN”, in alt.graffiti (Usenet):

(Internet slang, vulgar) Overly annoyed or bothered by a perceived insult or injustice; needlessly offended.

tøsefornærmet

(slang) overly annoyed or bothered by a perceived insult; needlessly offended


butthurt

He's just full of butthurt because he wasn't allowed to join the society.

The amount of butthurt in this scenario was phenomenal […]

2015, J. S. Frankel, Picture (im)perfect, page 138:

(Internet slang, vulgar) A feeling of offense caused by a perceived insult or injustice.

mielensäpahoitus

(slang) upset caused by a perceived insult or injustice

бомбану́тый пука́н

neologisms, slang, no established equivalents exist


grind one's gears

en-verb

grind one's gears (third-person singular simple present grinds one's gears, present participle grinding one's gears, simple past and past participle ground one's gears)

grinds one's gears (present singular third-person)
grinding one's gears (participle present)
ground one's gears (participle past)
ground one's gears (past)

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It really grinds my gears when inconsiderate people litter.

Yes it has a clickbaity title, and yes, this show will grind the gears of thousands – but it should. It will open everyone’s eyes to the segregated world of dating[.]

2017 July 17, Charlie Brinkhurst-Cuff, “Is Love Racist? The TV show laying our biases bare”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:


flame out

flame out (third-person singular simple present flames out, present participle flaming out, simple past and past participle flamed out)

flames out (present singular third-person)
flaming out (participle present)
flamed out (participle past)
flamed out (past)

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[O]n being brought home, and giving us ground to suppose he was much worse hurt than he really was, and a fever ensuing, every one flamed out; and all was laid at my door.

1748, [Samuel Richardson], chapter 4, in Clarissa. Or, The History of a Young Lady: […], volume I, London: […] S[amuel] Richardson; […], →OCLC:

(now rare) To become suddenly angry; to break out into indignation or similar emotion; to flare up.


blow one's top

blow one's top (third-person singular simple present blows one's top, present participle blowing one's top, simple past blew one's top, past participle blown one's top)

blows one's top (present singular third-person)
blowing one's top (participle present)
blew one's top (past)
blown one's top (participle past)

When my dad found out I had failed the exams, he just blew his top.

(slang, figurative) To become explosively angry; to lose one's temper.


lose one's temper

lose one's temper (third-person singular simple present loses one's temper, present participle losing one's temper, simple past and past participle lost one's temper)

loses one's temper (present singular third-person)
losing one's temper (participle present)
lost one's temper (participle past)
lost one's temper (past)

When my dad found out I had failed the exams, he completely lost his temper.

(intransitive, idiomatic) To become angry or annoyed.

Note: All terms are idiomatic unless stated otherwise.


lose it

lose it (third-person singular simple present loses it, present participle losing it, simple past and past participle lost it)

loses it (present singular third-person)
losing it (participle present)
lost it (participle past)
lost it (past)

(informal) To lose one's mind, go crazy.

To be overcome with emotion.
To lose one's mind, go crazy.


flip one's lid

flip one's lid (third-person singular simple present flips one's lid, present participle flipping one's lid, simple past and past participle flipped one's lid)

flips one's lid (present singular third-person)
flipping one's lid (participle present)
flipped one's lid (participle past)
flipped one's lid (past)

Originally an Americanism; from the analogy of a boiling pot explosively popping off its lid due to built-up internal pressure.

Wait, you'll see. Three hours on a night like this is enough to make you flip your lid.

1948, Norman Mailer, The Naked and the Dead, New York, Toronto: Rinehart & Company, page 113:

Drag him out your window / Dragging out the dead / Singing "I miss you" / Snakes and ladders / Flip the lid

2003, Radiohead (lyrics and music), “A Wolf at the Door”, in Hail to the Thief, performed by Thom Yorke:

His parents flipped their lids when the two lovebugs got hitched. Jonnie couldn't stand the fact that her beautiful young son, gone so long over seas, had now tangled up with an older woman, and even worse, an older divorced woman […]

2009, Dee Kassabian, My Four Fathers and Other Short Stories, page 45:

(idiomatic, informal) To become explosively angry, to lose one's temper.


kick up

kick up (third-person singular simple present kicks up, present participle kicking up, simple past and past participle kicked up)

kicks up (present singular third-person)
kicking up (participle present)
kicked up (participle past)
kicked up (past)

He kicked up about it when they told him the train had been cancelled.

But, you have kicked up about that a few times. I've got used to it, though. What I am not used to is how you are now. Very quiet, philosophical, and acquiescent.

2005, Tony Gant, Sunrise Sandwiches, page 517:

(informal, intransitive) To show anger (about something).

Coordinate term: act up

The car is kicking up.

My ADHD is kicking up again.

2006, Thomas E. Brown, Attention Deficit Disorder: The Unfocused Mind in Children and Adults, page 153:

(informal, intransitive, US) To function improperly; to show signs of disorder; (of an illness) to flare up.

You have to kick up some money to the boss.

Let me kick your offer up and see what the execs say.

(slang) To pass (something, such as a proposal or a share of a bribe) up a hierarchy or chain of command.


bust a gasket

bust a gasket (third-person singular simple present busts a gasket, present participle busting a gasket, simple past and past participle busted a gasket or bust a gasket)

busts a gasket (present singular third-person)
busting a gasket (participle present)
busted a gasket (participle past)
busted a gasket (past)
bust a gasket (participle past)
bust a gasket (past)

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If she finds out I'm investigating Eler, she'll bust a gasket.

2014, Dianne Post, Blood and Honor: A Mother’s Heritage, A Daughter’s Revenge:


vent one's spleen

vent one's spleen (third-person singular simple present vents one's spleen, present participle venting one's spleen, simple past and past participle vented one's spleen)

vents one's spleen (present singular third-person)
venting one's spleen (participle present)
vented one's spleen (participle past)
vented one's spleen (past)

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To openly express pent-up anger, often on an unrelated matter or person.

seine schlechte Laune an jmdm. auslassen

срыва́ть злость (sryvátʹ zlostʹ) (на ком-либо/чём-либо, prepositional case)


drive someone up the wall

drive<,,drove,driven> someone up the wall

drive someone up the wall (third-person singular simple present drives someone up the wall, present participle driving someone up the wall, simple past drove someone up the wall, past participle driven someone up the wall)

drives someone up the wall (present singular third-person)
driving someone up the wall (participle present)
drove someone up the wall (past)
driven someone up the wall (participle past)

Her persistent nagging and constant bickering with me nearly drove me up the wall.

There is nothing and no one that's going to shut him up. That's what makes [Chris] Tucker funny. It's also what can drive you up the wall about him.

1998 September 18, Charles Taylor, “Hong Kong Hollywood”, in Salon, archived from the original on 2008-05-06:

(idiomatic) To make a person very angry or frustrated; to infuriate.


lose one's mind

lose one's mind (third-person singular simple present loses one's mind, present participle losing one's mind, simple past and past participle lost one's mind)

loses one's mind (present singular third-person)
losing one's mind (participle present)
lost one's mind (participle past)
lost one's mind (past)

(idiomatic) To become frustrated, angry.


cranked up

en-adj

cranked up (comparative more cranked up, superlative most cranked up)

more cranked up (comparative)
most cranked up (superlative)

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Now, I mean this turkey was cranked up good. He had been gobbling at the slightest sound of my hen calls earlier.

1984, Ken Warner, Gun Digest, 1985, page 16:

She thought I'd had too much to drink, which, of course, I had. But now I felt cranked up and wide awake.

2009, Nellis Boyer, Hancock House, page 63:

Birdy especially got cranked up about home burial.

2013, Seedy Buckberry, A Windfall Homestead:

If I was cranked up on caffeine, it was harder to relax and get aroused.


red rag

Collins dictionaries has announced that the inclusion of 2,000 new words in its forthcoming new edition means that some of the dustier corners of its lexicon will have to be swept into the semantic dustbin. Farewell embranglement, recrement, fusby and numerous others. This will be a red rag to books bloggers everywhere.

2008 September 24, Lindesay Irvine, “Collins, we're lost for words: let's call your bluff”, in guardian.co.uk:

(figurative) Something that will enrage another particular person.

punainen vaate

something that will enrage another particular person

For well I know by your glib tongue, / To what fine country you belong, / And if your red rag did not shew it, / By your queer fancies I should know it.

1869, William Combe, Thomas Rolandson, The Three Tours of Doctor Syntax, page 194:

(obsolete, slang, derogatory) A person's tongue.


flip out

en-verb

flip out (third-person singular simple present flips out, present participle flipping out, simple past and past participle flipped out)

flips out (present singular third-person)
flipping out (participle present)
flipped out (participle past)
flipped out (past)

The audience flipped out when he played his hit songs.

(intransitive, slang) To become overly excited, joyous or delighted.


do one's nut

do one's nut (third-person singular simple present does one's nut, present participle doing one's nut, simple past did one's nut, past participle done one's nut)

does one's nut (present singular third-person)
doing one's nut (participle present)
did one's nut (past)
done one's nut (participle past)

Mum did her nut after we stayed out all night without calling her.

(intransitive, slang) To become stridently angry, especially from worry.


grit one's teeth

grit one's teeth (third-person singular simple present grits one's teeth, present participle gritting one's teeth, simple past and past participle gritted one's teeth or (nonstandard) grit one's teeth)

grits one's teeth (present singular third-person)
gritting one's teeth (participle present)
gritted one's teeth (participle past)
gritted one's teeth (past)
grit one's teeth (nonstandard participle past)
grit one's teeth (nonstandard past)

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[Shield Knight] LOOKED WITH DREAD THROUGH THE EYES OF THE ENCHANTRESS. SHE WAS TRAPPED AGAIN! SHIELD KNIGHT GRIT HER TEETH. SHOVEL KNIGHT WOULDN'T GIVE UP, AND NEITHER WOULD SHE.

2019 December 10, Yacht Club Games, "Story" (Shield Knight), in Shovel Knight Showdown (version 4.1), Nintendo Switch, scene: ending

To clench one's teeth together tightly because of pain, anger, frustration, or self-assurance.


lose one's cool

lose one's cool (third-person singular simple present loses one's cool, present participle losing one's cool, simple past and past participle lost one's cool)

loses one's cool (present singular third-person)
losing one's cool (participle present)
lost one's cool (participle past)
lost one's cool (past)

But in his final singles match against Mandarino, the Menace lost his cool. Visibly rattled by noisy spectators, who chanted "Brasil! Bra-sil!" from the third set onward, he collapsed completely in the fifth set.

1966 November 18, “To the Ludicrous”, in Time:

The fiery femme fatale is notorious for losing her cool, and was once accused of hitting her secretary with a telephone and threatening to throw her from a moving car.

2006 April 28, Stefanie Cohen, “Naomi Campbell Accused of Attacking Maid in Fit Over Jeans”, in FOXNews.com, retrieved 2009-06-03:

(idiomatic) To become upset or disconcerted; to lose one's temper.


woodness

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From Middle English woodnesse, wodnesse, from Old English wōdnes, corresponding to wood (“mad, insane”) + -ness.

[…] This sodaine chaunge from feasting vnto fray
Might well be likened to the Sea: whych standing at a stay
The woodnesse of the windes makes rough by raising of the waue.

1567, Ovid, “The Fyft Booke”, in Arthur Golding, transl., The XV. Bookes of P. Ouidius Naso, Entytuled Metamorphosis, […], London: […] Willyam Seres […], →OCLC:

[…] with fell woodnes he effierced was,
And wilfully him throwing on the gras
Did beat and bounse his head and brest ful sore […].

1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto XI”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, page 567:


umbrageous

en-adj

umbrageous (comparative more umbrageous, superlative most umbrageous)

more umbrageous (comparative)
most umbrageous (superlative)

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From Middle French ombrageux, or from umbrage + -ous.


raging agreement

In fact, both are in raging agreement that passive defense is never appropriate.

1988, U.S. Army Command, General Staff College, Military review, Volume 68, page 75:

I think there is absolute raging agreement between the FAA and the NTSB on that matter.

2001, Subcommittee on Aviation of the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, Issues arising out of the Egypt Air [i.e. EgyptAir] crash, page 26:

Listeners' faces lighted up as they realized that they were, as a community mostly in raging agreement about the direction and outcome they desired

2003, David A. Schmaltz, The Blind Men and the Elephant: Mastering Project Work, page 115:

(rare) A state in which people are arguing despite having similar opinions.


flip one's wig

en-verb

flip one's wig (third-person singular simple present flips one's wig, present participle flipping one's wig, simple past and past participle flipped one's wig)

flips one's wig (present singular third-person)
flipping one's wig (participle present)
flipped one's wig (participle past)
flipped one's wig (past)

(idiomatic, informal) To become very angry.


bridle up

bridle up (third-person singular simple present bridles up, present participle bridling up, simple past and past participle bridled up)

bridles up (present singular third-person)
bridling up (participle present)
bridled up (participle past)
bridled up (past)

To show anger or indignation at something.


dust settles

I tried to make amends after the dust settled.

You should let the dust settle.

when the dust settles

(idiomatic, usually with the) A heated, angry, or confused atmosphere calms down.


attery

en-adj

attery (comparative more attery, superlative most attery)

more attery (comparative)
most attery (superlative)

From Middle English attery, attry, attri, ætriȝ, from Old English ǣttriġ, ǣtriġ (“poisonous”), from Proto-Germanic *aitrīgaz (“poisonous”). Cognate with Dutch etterig (“purulent”), German eiterig (“purulent, festering”), Swedish ettrig (“poisonous”). By surface analysis, atter (“poison”) + -y.

surf

(of mood or disposition) Bad-tempered; spiteful; quarrelsome; peevish; angry; hot-headed


hangry

en-adj

hangry (comparative hangrier, superlative hangriest)

hangrier (comparative)
hangriest (superlative)

A monster was described as hangry, pronounced by the aythor as [aŋgri]. When asked whether it was angry or hungry, the author replied "Yes".

1994, Jean Harkins, Bridging Two Worlds:Aboriginal English and Crosscultural Understanding, page 162:

I also get really "hangry".

2005, L. R. Parenti, Durata Del Dramma: Life Of Drama, page 98:

We're not talking about the fast-food giants or smaller chains, such as Wimpy's, both of which turn up frequently in the stripmalls that dot the Trail. No matter how hungry -- or even hangry -- you and your fellow travellers are, eschew these places.

2008, “The Great Southern Ontario Burger Trail”, in National Post:

Seriously, somebody needs to give this toddler a bottle and put him down for a nap. That baby pitches a fit when he gets hangry.

2011, Chris Haire, “I'm tired of writing about Nikki Haley”, in Charleston City Paper:

2015, Amanda Salis, “The science behind being "Hangry"”, in CNN "The conversation":

Mission Control: "Get them pizza before they get hangry. Hungry and angry!"
Astronaut: "We're hangry! Hungry and angry!"

2016, “People Pleaser”, in The Powerpuff Girls:

You know this if you've ever been hangry. You go through your day without stopping to eat, and for a while it doesn't matter. Then your stomach starts sending signals to your brain that it's waiting.

2018, Jean Chatzky, Women with Money: The Judgment-Free Guide to Creating the Joyful, Less Stressed, Purposeful (and, Yes, Rich) Life You Deserve, page 11:

(slang) Hungry and angry, especially when the anger is induced by the hunger.


stabby

stabby (comparative stabbier, superlative stabbiest)

stabbier (comparative)
stabbiest (superlative)

Her eyes are the stabby kind, worse than long hatpins. Honest, after one glance I felt like I was bein' held up on a fork.

1917, Sewell Ford, chapter VIII, in Wilt Thou Torchy, Grosset & Dunlap:

Then I catches the eye of the stiff-necked dame with the straight nose and the gun-metal hair. No, both eyes, it was; and a cold, suspicious, stabby look is what they shoots my way.

1918, Sewell Ford, chapter VII, in The House of Torchy, Grosset & Dunlap, page 98:

Toby glittered the tears into hard, stabby looks at his father and Ma.

1974, Pamela Rogers, The Rare One, T. Nelson, published 1974, page 54:

(of a look or eyes) penetrating and hostile


fly into a rage

en-verb

fly into a rage (third-person singular simple present flies into a rage, present participle flying into a rage, simple past flew into a rage, past participle flown into a rage)

flies into a rage (present singular third-person)
flying into a rage (participle present)
flew into a rage (past)
flown into a rage (participle past)

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