banana

en-noun

banana (countable and uncountable, plural bananas)

Borrowed from Portuguese banana or Spanish banana, derived from a Niger-Congo language spoken in the Guinea region. Specific derivation is unclear. Possible ancestor or cognate languages include Wolof banaana, Eastern Maninkakan banana, and Vai ꕒꘌꕯ (ɓaana) or ꕒꕌꕯ (ɓaana). However, Ay Baati Wolof (Munro & Gaye, 1997) posits that Wolof banaana is itself derived from Portuguese banana.
The racial slur derives from the notion that they are "Yellow (East-Asian) on the outside, White (Westernized) on the inside".

banánový (corresponding to English attributive use)

(corresponding to English attributive use) banánový

An elongated curved tropical fruit of a banana plant, which grows in bunches and has a creamy flesh and a smooth skin.

(Canada, US, UK, Ireland) In particular, the sweet, yellow fruit of the Cavendish banana cultivar, which may be eaten raw, as distinct from e.g. a plantain for cooking.

banana equivalent dose
banana equivalent dose

(nuclear physics) A banana equivalent dose.

(computer science, colloquial) A catamorphism (from the use of banana brackets in the notation).


banana

Even the lowly banana ball, the bane of so many weekenders, sometimes can be exactly right, as in this case.

2001, Rayne Barton, The Green Hills Golf Chronicles, →ISBN, page 155:

He played the fading, low-banana shot as planned, and the ball whistled left of the oak tree and between the pines.

2002, Andrew Collins, Guild of Honor, →ISBN, page 53:

[...]Bernd Schneider closed the scoring in injury-time with a 23 meter free-kick banana shot into the upper-right corner.

2006, Richard Witzig, The Global Art of Soccer, →ISBN, page 247:

Curved like a banana, especially of a ball in flight.


potassium

potassium (usually uncountable, plural potassiums)

Coined by British chemist Humphry Davy in 1807, from potassa + -ium, from Dutch potasch (“potash”).

coin

potassium magnesium chloride hexahydrate

A soft, waxy, silvery reactive metal that is never found unbound in nature; an element (symbol K) with an atomic number of 19 and atomic weight of 39.0983. The symbol is derived from the Latin kalium.


sodium

en-noun

sodium (usually uncountable, plural sodiums)

Coined by British chemist Humphry Davy in 1808, from soda + -ium.

coin

The chemical element (symbol Na) with an atomic number of 11 and atomic weight of 22.990. It is a soft, waxy, silvery, reactive alkali metal that is never found unbound in nature.


cesium

(American spelling) Alternative form of caesium


caesium

From Latin caesius (“sky-blue”), in reference to the radiation spectra, + -ium.

The chemical element (symbol Cs) with an atomic number of 55. It is a soft, gold-colored, highly reactive alkali metal.

cesium

US; see the Wikipedia article for more information


rubidium

en-noun

rubidium (usually uncountable, plural rubidiums)

A New Latin word derived by German chemist R. W. Bunsen in 1861, from Latin rūbidus (“red”) because its spectrum has two red lines.

The chemical element (symbol Rb) with an atomic number of 37. It is a soft, highly reactive alkali metal.


francium

francium (usually uncountable, plural franciums)

/ˈfɹɑːnsɪəm/

From French francium, from France + -ium (after the native country of Marguerite Perey).

The most elusive element of all, however, appears to be francium, which is so rare that it is thought that our entire planet may contain, at any given moment, fewer than twenty francium atoms.

2003, Bill Bryson, A Short History of Nearly Everything, BCA, page 221:

The chemical element (symbol Fr) with an atomic number of 87. It is an intensely radioactive alkali metal that is not found in nature.


lithium

lithium (countable and uncountable, plural lithiums)

From New Latin lithium, from Ancient Greek λίθος (líthos, “stone”) + -ium.

Already, beautiful places are being wrecked by an electric vehicle resource rush. Lithium mining, for example, is now poisoning rivers and depleting groundwater from Tibet to Bolivia.

2019, George Monbiot, “Cars are killing us. Within 10 years, we must phase them out”, in Guardian.:

(uncountable) The simplest alkali metal, the lightest solid element, and the third lightest chemical element (symbol Li) with an atomic number of 3. It is a soft, silvery metal.


sodium lactate

(organic chemistry) The sodium salt of lactic acid; used as a food additive and ingredient in lotions etc.


alum

From alumnus and alumna (> alumn- > alum), by the removal of the originally Latin gender-specific nominative singular case endings -us (masculine) and -a (feminine).

1961 Spring, Anchora of Delta Gamma, Volume LXXVII, No. 3, page 59,
Evanston-North Shore alums are happy to open their homes to Sigma actives for special social events.

You'll remember that we're starting with a list of slightly over 7,000 names that are alums (most of them over 50) that we'd like to whittle down to a manageable list of prospects.

2006, Ted Hart, James M. Greenfield, Pamela M. Gignac, Christopher Carnie, Major Donors: Finding Big Gifts in Your Database and Online, page 47:

All schools that last have alums, and, ancient as it was by American standards, Trinity by mid-century had thousands.

2009, Timothy C. Jacobson, Charity & Merit: Trinity School at 300, page 190:

(shortening, Canada, US) A past attendee or graduate (of any gender) of a college, university or other educational institution.

alumna

the original Latin gender-specific loanword


lithic

(inorganic chemistry) Relating to lithium

(archaeology, often capitalised) pertaining to Native American culture before circa 8,500 BCE


lye

lye (countable and uncountable, plural lyes)

From Middle English leye, lye, from Old English lēah, lēag (“lye”), from Proto-West Germanic *laugu, from Proto-Germanic *laugō, from Proto-Indo-European *lewh₃- (“to wash”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian Loge, Looie (“lye”), Dutch loog (“lye”), German Low German Loge, Loje, Loog (“lye”), German Lauge (“lye”).

An alkaline liquid made by leaching ashes (usually wood ashes).

She had not left the lye in too long so that the hair would fall out in clumps later.

2019, Namwali Serpell, The Old Drift, Hogarth, page 372:

Potassium or sodium hydroxide (caustic soda).


lye

Variant of lie (“to rest horizontally”) now used in a specialised sense; compare sett.

Brakevan lye. [same page in the main text] There is also an inclined lye for brakevans at each end of the yard.

1962 October, G. Freeman Allen, “The New Look in Scotland's Northern Division—II: The new Perth marshalling yard”, in Modern Railways, page 273, photo caption with indicating arrow:

(UK, rail transport) A short side line, connected with the main line; a turn-out; a siding.


caustic soda

caustic soda (usually uncountable, plural caustic sodas)

sodium hydroxide (NaOH), a strong alkaline substance used in the manufacture of paint, soap and detergents, or as a drain cleaner.


cyanide

cyanide (countable and uncountable, plural cyanides)

(inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, countable) Any compound containing the -C≡N group or the CN⁻ anion.

цыяні́д

chemistry: any compound containing the CN group

The birdies all try an' hide / But they still go for peanuts / When coated with cyanide

1959, Tom Lehrer (lyrics and music), “Poisoning Pigeons in the Park”:

Two doctors and a metallurgist from Scotland patented a process for dissolving gold with cyanide in 1887 and patented the recovery of gold from solution using finely divided zinc (zinc precipitation) the following year. […]
The first commercial processing plant to use cyanide in the milling circuit was constructed at the Crown mine at Karangahake, New Zealand in 1889.

1988 July, Michael A. Silva, “Cyanide Heap Leaching in California”, in California Geology, volume 41, number 7, page 147:

The vast majority of the victims, on Jones’s orders, had drunk a fruit punch mixture laced with cyanide, a deadly poison. Adults had fed the poisoned liquid to the children, including infants.

2000, Sean Dolan, Everything You Need to Know About Cults, New York: The Rosen Publishing Groups, Inc., →ISBN, page 15:

(inorganic chemistry) Sodium or potassium cyanide, used in the extraction of gold and silver or as a poison.

(inorganic chemistry, uncountable) Hydrogen cyanide, or cyanide gas, a poisonous gas.


cyanide

en-verb

cyanide (third-person singular simple present cyanides, present participle cyaniding, simple past and past participle cyanided)

cyanides (present singular third-person)
cyaniding (participle present)
cyanided (participle past)
cyanided (past)

(transitive) To treat or poison with cyanide.


sodic

en-adj

sodic (comparative more sodic, superlative most sodic)

more sodic (comparative)
most sodic (superlative)


sodium bicarbonate

en-noun

sodium bicarbonate (countable and uncountable, plural sodium bicarbonates)

(chemistry) A salt of sodium hydroxide and carbonic acid, NaHCO₃.


natrium

From New Latin natrium. See natron for more.

1874 June 19, H. Beins, The Successor of Steam, The Chemical News and Journal of Physical Science, Volume XXIX.—1874, page 267,
It occurred to us to make an experiment to see what degree the tension of the carbonic acid given off by natrium-bicarbonate would amount to, when heated in a closed space.

1991, S. O'Neill, M. Valdeolmillos, C. Lamont, P. Donoso, D. Eisner, The contribution of natrium-calcium exchange to relaxation in mammalian cardiac muscle, Annals of the New York Academy of Science, Volume 639, pages 444-452, cited in 2002, Christian J. F. Holubarsch, Mechanics and Energetics of the Myocardium, page 165,

The highest solute content (more then 1000 mg/L) and value of pH is found in the urban runoff from residential and transport zones, as well as the maximum concentrations of suspended solids, chlorides, natrium and nitrites.

2006, Alena Aucharova, Valery Khomich, “Urban Runoff - Contamination, Problems of Treatment and Impact on Receiving Water”, in Petr Hlavinek, editor, Integrated Urban Water Resources Management, page 192:


cream of tartar

potassium bitartrate
potassium bitartrate

(organic chemistry) Potassium hydrogen tartrate (also called potassium bitartrate), a byproduct of wine manufacture, used in baking powder and in cooking to stabilize beaten egg whites.


potash

potash (countable and uncountable, plural potashes)

Calque of Dutch potas, coined in 1598, equivalent to pot + ash. The literal translation is “pot ash”, because it was made by burning wood to ashes in a large pot. First attested in 1648. Doublet of potassium and potassa.

Coordinate term: fly ash

The water-soluble part of the ash formed by burning plant material; used for making soap and glass and as a fertilizer.

قِلْو

pot ash: the water-soluble part of the ash formed by burning plant material; used for making soap and glass and as a fertilizer

(chemistry) An impure form of potassium carbonate (K₂CO₃) mixed with other potassium salts.

قِلْو

chemistry: an impure form of potassium carbonate (K2CO3) mixed with other potassium salts

permanganate of potash ― potassium permanganate

(chemistry, archaic) Potassium. Chiefly used in the names of compounds of the form "... of potash".

A class of potassium minerals, of similar applicability to potassium carbonate, such as being a fertilizer. (ie. potassium chloride, potassium hydroxide)


lithium fluoride

(inorganic chemistry) A salt that may be prepared by the action of hydrofluoric acid on many lithium compounds, occurring naturally as griceite; its crystals are used in optical instruments, and in radiation dosimetry (based on its radiothermoluminescence).


sodium lauryl sulfate

(organic chemistry) An ionic detergent, sodium dodecyl sulfate, used in many household products.


dilithium

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-dilithium.wav

(chemistry, especially in combination) Two lithium atoms in a molecule.


pollucite

From Pollux + ite, named after Pollux, the twin of Castor, as it is often found associated with castorite (now petalite).

(mineralogy) A colorless transparent mineral of the zeolite family consisting of hydrous cesium aluminum silicate and occurring massive or crystallizing in cubes.


lithium hydride

lithium aluminium hydride
lithium aluminium hydride

(inorganic chemistry) LiH, a gray solid that reacts violently with water, and can ignite spontaneously in air; it has a number of industrial applications, and is used in the manufacture of lithium aluminium hydride.


lithium aluminium hydride

(inorganic chemistry) LiAlH₄, a powerful reducing agent with many applications in organic chemistry; contains the aluminohydride anion AlH₄⁻.

hidreto de alumínio e lítio / lítio e alumínio


LiBeB process

(physics, astronomy) Any nucleosynthesis process, the details of which are unclear, that accounts for the light elements lithium, berylium and boron which cannot survive in stellar interiors because they are destroyed by proton capture.


lithiated

treated with lithium or one of its compounds.


lithiophilite

lithiophilite (usually uncountable, plural lithiophilites)

(mineralogy) A variety of triphylite that is a mixed phosphate of lithium and manganese.


lithiophorite

(mineralogy) A basic oxide of lithium, manganese and aluminium found in hydrothermal ore deposits and sedimentary manganese deposits, with the chemical formula (Al,Li)Mn⁴⁺O₂(OH)₂.


lithium acetate

(organic chemistry) the lithium salt of acetic acid; used as a buffer in electrophoresis


lithium citrate

(organic chemistry) The lithium salt of citric acid, sometimes used in the treatment of bipolar disorder.


lithium deuteride

thermonuclear weapon
thermonuclear weapon

(inorganic chemistry) a form of lithium hydride in which the normal hydrogen is replaced with deuterium; used in thermonuclear weapons


lithium chloride

(inorganic chemistry) the lithium salt of hydrochloric acid, LiCl, used in the electrolytic production of lithium metal, and as a flux


lithium diisopropylamide

(organic chemistry) A strong base, used in organic chemistry to synthesise carbanions.


lithium iodide

(chemistry) the lithium salt of hydriodic acid, HI


lithium-drifted silicon detector

lithium-drifted silicon detector (plural lithium-drifted silicon detectors)

lithium-drifted silicon detectors (plural)

(physics, astronomy) a radiation detector used in astrophysics, nuclear physics, imaging and X-ray spectroscopy


lithium niobate

(inorganic chemistry) the lithium salt of niobic acid, LiNbO₃, whose transparent crystals are used lasers and other optical devices


lithium carbonate

(organic chemistry) The lithium salt of carbonic acid, Li₂CO₃, used in the manufacture of glass and ceramics, and medically, in the treatment of bipolar disorder.


lithium hydroxide

(inorganic chemistry) An alkali, LiOH, used in gas-purification systems in spacecraft, submarines etc, and in the preparation of lithium soap.


lithium ion battery

lithium ion battery (plural lithium ion batteries)

(electrochemistry, electronics) A type of rechargeable battery containing lithium compounds, but not elemental lithium, used in many consumer electronics devices.


lithium battery

lithium battery (plural lithium batteries)

Any of a group of electrical batteries that have a lithium anode; used in many portable electronic devices.


lithium economy

lithium economy (plural lithium economies)

Internationally, economists have been forecasting a lithium economy for decades, and it may well be that every car, computer, and wearable electronic device—not to mention our energy storehouses—will depend on lithium batteries the way I've relied on medicinal lithium for the last twenty years.

2017, Jaime Lowe, Mental: Lithium, Love, and Losing My Mind, Penguin, →ISBN, page 218:

A post-carbon economy, based on lithium fuel cells for the generation of power.


lithium orotate

(chemistry) the lithium salt of orotic acid, used medicinally in a similar manner to lithium carbonate


lithium nitrate

(inorganic chemistry) The lithium salt of nitric acid, LiNO₃, used in fireworks and flares.


lithium nitride

(inorganic chemistry) A binary compound of lithium and nitrogen, Li₃N.


lithium soap

(chemistry) Any lithium salt of a fatty acid, made by the reaction of fat with lithium hydroxide and used in the manufacture of lubricating greases.


lithium perchlorate

(chemistry) The lithium salt of perchloric acid, LiClO₄ used as a source of oxygen in portable generators, and as an electrolyte in lithium batteries.


lithium oxide

(chemistry) a white, powdered alkali, Li₂O, used in the manufacture of glass and ceramics


lithium sulfate

(chemistry) the lithium salt of sulfuric acid, Li₂SO₄; used in the treatment of manic depression etc


lithium sulfide

(chemistry) a binary compound of lithium and sulfur, Li₂S, sometimes used in lithium batteries


lithium tantalate

(chemistry) the lithium salt of tantalic acid, LiTaO₃, whose crystalline form is piezoelectric and pyroelectric and is used in optical devices


lithia

lithia (usually uncountable, plural lithias)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek λίθος (líthos, “a stone”), apparently because it is found only in minerals; discovered 1817 by Johan August Arfwedson.

1839, Lithium, entry in The Penny Cyclopædia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge, Volume 14, page 43,
These substances contain from about five to nearly ten per cent. of lithia in combination with silica, from which it is best separated by the following process of Berzelius: […] .

This can be an acute problem with certain glass-ceramics because of the use of large quantities of lithia, in particular, which readily attack the refractories.

1990, A. Paul, Chemistry of Glasses, page 42:

The major source of lithia is lepidolite, the most widespread of the lithia-containing minerals with deposits in the United States, Canada, Rhodesia, South Africa, India, China, Russia, Japan and Germany.

1996, Peter A. Ciullo, Industrial Minerals and Their Uses: A Handbook and Formulary, page 462:

(inorganic chemistry) Lithium oxide, Li₂O, used in the manufacture of ceramics and glass.


lithium stearate

(chemistry) the lithium salt of stearic acid; a lithium soap made from tallow


lithium bromide

(inorganic chemistry) the lithium salt of hydrobromic acid, LiBr, sometimes used as a desiccant


sodium alum

(mineralogy) A water-soluble mineral NaAl(SO₄)₂·12(H₂O); a form of alum in which potassium is replaced by sodium.


monosodium

(chemistry, in combination) one atom of sodium in a compound


trisodium

(chemistry, in combination) Three atoms of sodium in a compound.


disodium

(chemistry, in combination) two atoms of sodium in a compound


sodium vapor lamp

sodium vapor lamp (plural sodium vapor lamps)

A street lamp in which electricity is passed through sodium vapour to emit a yellow light.


sodium amalgam

sodium amalgam (countable and uncountable, plural sodium amalgams)

(chemistry) An alloy of sodium and mercury; used as a powerful reducing agent, and in certain types of sodium lamp.


sodium hydroxide

(inorganic chemistry) A strong, caustic alkali (NaOH) used in the manufacture of soap, detergents, paper, textiles and having many other industrial applications.


potassa

Borrowed from Dutch potasch (“potash”). Doublet of potash.

(obsolete) The chemical compound potassium hydroxide.


rubidium oxide

(chemistry) any oxide of rubidium, but especially the yellow solid Rb₂O; it is a strong base, reacting strongly with water to form the hydroxide and with acids to form normal salts


sodium carbonate

sodium carbonate (countable and uncountable, plural sodium carbonates)

(chemistry) A salt, in the form of a white powder, Na₂CO₃, formally derived from sodium hydroxide and carbonic acid.


potass

The carbonate and bi-carbonate of potass are both decomposed by lime.

1825, John Ayrton Paris, The Elements of Medical Chemistry, page 431:


hyperkalemia

hyperkalemia (countable and uncountable, plural hyperkalemias)

From hyper- + kalemia or hyper- + kal(ium) + -emia.

(biology, medicine) The condition of having an abnormally high concentration of potassium ions in the blood (above the reference range).

hyperkalemie

the condition of having an abnormally high concentration of potassium ions in the blood


(physics) An artificially produced radioactive isotope of potassium, ⁴²₁₉K, having a half-life of 12.4 hours; used in medicine as a tracer


(physics) An artificially produced radioactive isotope of potassium, ⁴³₁₉K, having a half-life of 22 hours; used in medicine as a tracer


(physics) A naturally-occurring radioactive isotope of potassium, ⁴⁰₁₉K, having nineteen protons and twenty-one neutrons, and a half-life of 1.3 billion years; it is the chief source of natural radioactivity in living tissue


potassium feldspar

potassium feldspar (plural potassium feldspars)

potassium aluminium silicate
potassium aluminium silicate

(mineralogy) Any of several alkaline feldspars containing potassium aluminium silicate, KAlSi₃O₈


hyponatremia

hyponatremia (countable and uncountable, plural hyponatremias)

From hypo- + natremia or hypo- + natr- + -emia.

(medicine) An abnormally low concentration of sodium in blood plasma.


hypernatremia

hypernatremia (usually uncountable, plural hypernatremias)

From hyper- + natremia or hyper- + natr- + -emia.

(medicine) An abnormally high concentration of sodium in blood plasma.


(physics) A stable isotope, ⁷₃Li, having three protons and four neutrons, that makes up about 93% of natural lithium.


(physics) A stable isotope ⁶₃Li, having three protons and three neutrons, that makes up about 7% of natural lithium; it is used in the nuclear industry.


potash alum

alum, hydrated potassium aluminium sulphate, formula K₂SO₄.Al₂(SO₄)₃.24H₂O


(physics) The only stable isotope of sodium, ²³₁₁Na, having eleven protons and twelve neutrons


(physics) The major stable isotope of potassium, ³⁹₁₉K, having nineteen protons and twenty neutrons; it amounts to over 93% of the element in nature


alkali metal

(inorganic chemistry) Any of the soft, light, reactive metals of Group 1 of the periodic table; lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium.


lepidolite

lepidolite (countable and uncountable, plural lepidolites)

From Ancient Greek λεπίς (lepís) + -lite.

(mineralogy) A pale lilac mica mineral that is a mixed basic fluoride and aluminosilicate of potassium, lithium and aluminium.


potassium hydroxide

The gases passed over a hot roll of copper gauze, then through a weighed calcium chloride tube, which absorbed the water, into an azotometer containing a concentrated solution of potassium hydroxide where the nitrogen was measured.

1885, American Journal of Science, 3rd Series, Volume 30, page 57:

(inorganic chemistry) The alkaline base KOH, once known as caustic potash; it has a number of industrial uses, including the manufacture of bleach.


hypokalemia

hypokalemia (countable and uncountable, plural hypokalemias)

From hypo- + kalemia or hypo- + kal(ium) + -emia.

(biology, medicine) The condition of having an abnormally low concentration of potassium ions in the blood (below the reference range).


caesium chloride

(inorganic chemistry) The cesium salt of hydrochloric acid, CsCl


dipotassium

(inorganic chemistry, in combination) Two atoms of potassium in a compound


dirubidium

(inorganic chemistry, in combination) Two atoms of rubidium in a compound


lithal

(informal, inorganic chemistry) lithium aluminium hydride.


methyllithium

organometallic compound
organometallic compound

(organic chemistry) The binary organometallic compound CH₃Li that is used in organic synthesis


monorubidium

(inorganic chemistry, in combination) A single rubidium atom in a compound


monolithium

(inorganic chemistry, in combination) A single lithium atom in a compound


organolithium

(organic chemistry) Describing any organic compound containing a carbon to lithium bond.


organolithium

(organic chemistry) Any organic compound containing a carbon to lithium bond.


natriuretic

From international scientific vocabulary, from New Latin, from natriuresis + -etic = natr- + -i- + uresis + etic; the combining forms are ultimately from New Latin natrium (“sodium”) + Ancient Greek οὔρησις (oúrēsis, “a making water”).

af

Any substance that inhibits the reabsorption of cations, especially sodium, from urine.


potassium bitartrate

en-noun

potassium bitartrate (plural potassium bitartrates)


normokalemia

From normo- + kalemia or normo- + kal(ium) + -emia.

The state of having a normal concentration of potassium in one's blood.


pezzottaite

pezzottaite (usually uncountable, plural pezzottaites)

From Pezzotta + -ite, after Federico Pezzotta, Italian petrologist.

(mineralogy) A cesium analog of beryl, a silicate of cesium, beryllium, lithium and aluminium that crystallizes in the trigonal system.


tetrasodium

(chemistry, in combination) Four sodium atoms or ions in a compound


xylenol orange

(organic chemistry) An organic reagent, most commonly used as a tetrasodium salt as an indicator for metal titrations.


natremia

natremia (usually uncountable, plural natremias)

(physiology, especially in combination) The presence of sodium in the blood, and (usually, especially) the degree (that is, its concentration).

magnesemia

types of biometallic cation concentration in blood


kalemia

Patients with renal insufficiency following trauma present special problems in management because clinical uremia, high levels of azotemia and kalemia, and myocardial potassium intoxication develop rapidly.

1955 February 14, Lloyd H. Smith, Jr., “Post-traumatic Renal Insufficiency in Military Casualties”, in The American Journal of Medicine, volume 18, number 2, II. Management, Use of an Artificial Kidney, Prognosis, page 187:

One of the criteria of efficiency is the reversal of these potassium movements, with decrease of kalemia and increase of the intra-cellular cation, expressing a recovery of ATPase activity.

1982, Veterinary and Human Toxicology, page 67:

Various factors influence the effects of hyper and hypokalemia on the heart: the rate of the change in kalemia levels, the plasmatic concentration of remaining ions which contribute to the cell Em, and the simultaneous use of drugs.

2012, C. Ronco, Critical Care Nephrology:

(physiology, especially in combination) The presence of potassium in the blood, and (usually, especially) the degree (that is, its concentration).


butyllithium

(organic chemistry) Any of three isomeric organolithium reagents used in chemical synthesis.


organocesium

(organic chemistry) Describing any organic compound containing a carbon to cesium bond.


organorubidium

(organic chemistry) Describing any organic compound containing a carbon to rubidium bond.


organopotassium

(organic chemistry) Describing any organic compound containing a carbon to potassium bond.


organosodium

(organic chemistry) Describing any organic compound containing a carbon to sodium bond.


lithiumlike

en-adj

lithiumlike (comparative more lithiumlike, superlative most lithiumlike)

more lithiumlike (comparative)
most lithiumlike (superlative)

(medicine) Having a similar neuropsychological effect as lithium drugs


lithiation

en-noun

lithiation (countable and uncountable, plural lithiations)

(physics) The incorporation of lithium into an electrode in a lithium-ion battery


potassiferous

en-adj

potassiferous (comparative more potassiferous, superlative most potassiferous)

more potassiferous (comparative)
most potassiferous (superlative)


sodiferous

sodiferous (comparative more sodiferous, superlative most sodiferous)

more sodiferous (comparative)
most sodiferous (superlative)


A radioactive isotope of caesium, ¹³⁷₅₅Cr, having 55 protons and 82 neutrons and which is formed mainly as a fission product by nuclear fission.


hypernatremic

hypernatremic (not generally comparable, comparative more hypernatremic, superlative most hypernatremic)

more hypernatremic (comparative)
most hypernatremic (superlative)

From hypernatremia + -ic = hyper- + natremia + -ic.

Although nearly half the hypernatremic patients had a febrile illness, other associated conditions assume more prominence than in infants.

1991, Stephen Brennan & J. Carlos Ayus, "Treatment of Hypoosmolar and Hyperosmolar States", chapter 1 in Wadi N. Suki & Shaul G. Massry (eds.), Therapy of Renal Diseases and Related Disorders, page 11

In all hypernatremic patients who primarily have water losses without electrolyte losses, the urine sodium excretion concentration merely reflects sodium intake.

2008, Robert W. Schrier, Manual of Nephrology: Diagnosis and Therapy, page 35:

(medicine) Having an abnormally high concentration of sodium (or salt) in blood plasma.

hypernatreeminen

having an abnormally high concentration of sodium in blood plasma


argol

Perhaps related to ἀργός (argós, “bright, shining”).


rubidian

rubidian (comparative more rubidian, superlative most rubidian)

more rubidian (comparative)
most rubidian (superlative)


natriuresis

From international scientific vocabulary, from New Latin, from natr- + -i- + -uresis; those combining forms are ultimately from New Latin natrium (“sodium”) + Ancient Greek οὔρησις (oúrēsis, “a making water”).

(physiology) excretion of sodium in the urine.


margaritasite

From Margaritas (“uranium deposit in Mexico”) + -ite.

affix

(mineralogy) A yellow monoclinic caesium-bearing mineral in the carnotite group.


BED

banana equivalent dose
banana equivalent dose#English


banana equivalent dose

en-noun

banana equivalent dose (plural banana equivalent doses)

(biology) The radiation dose equivalent of consuming an average banana, equal to 0.01 mrem or 0.1 μSv.


avogadrite

(mineralogy) An orthorhombic-dipyramidal mineral containing boron, cesium, fluorine, and potassium.


potassicleakeite

(mineralogy) A monoclinic-prismatic reddish brown mineral containing hydrogen, iron, lithium, magnesium, manganese, oxygen, potassium, silicon, sodium, and vanadium.


natroniobite

(mineralogy) A monoclinic mineral containing niobium, oxygen, and sodium.


triphylite

(mineralogy) An orthorhombic-dipyramidal mineral containing iron, lithium, oxygen, and phosphorus.


rubidic

rubidic chloride

rubidic nitrate

rubidic sulphate

(dated, chemistry) Relating to, or containing, rubidium.


lithia water

lithia water (countable and uncountable, plural lithia waters)

mineral water containing lithium salts, used to treat an array of mental health problems, including depression, aggression, and learning disabilities.


radiosodium

radioactive sodium (especially when used as a tracer)


radiocesium

radiocesium (countable and uncountable, plural radiocesiums)


potash-feldspar

(obsolete, mineralogy) potassium feldspar


Rb-Sr

The age of the Panda intrusion has been dated precisely by Rb-Sr determinations on kimberlitic phlogopite (n = 7), yielding a robust isochron of 53.3±0.6 Ma (Early Eocene, Ypresian).

2012, Wolfe AP, Csank AZ, Reyes AV, McKellar RC, Tappert R, et al., "Pristine Early Eocene Wood Buried Deeply in Kimberlite from Northern Canada", PLoS ONE 7(9): e45537. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0045537


rubidium-strontium

Isotopic dating of meteorites using the rubidium-strontium system and others indicates that the most primitive rocks in the solar system are 4.56 billion years old, determined rather precisely.

1999, Jonathan I Lunine, Earth: Evolution of a Habitable World, page 101:

(attributive) Designating a method of geological dating based on the relative amounts in rock of rubidium-87 and its beta-decay product, strontium-87.


lithium borohydride

(inorganic chemistry) The strong reducing agent LiBH₄


lithium hexafluorophosphate

(inorganic chemistry) The salt LiPF₆ that is used as an electrolyte in lithium batteries


hexasodium

(chemistry, in combination) Six sodium atoms or ions in a compound


Li-Ion

(type of rechargeable battery) lithium ion


hyponatremic

en-adj

hyponatremic (not generally comparable, comparative more hyponatremic, superlative most hyponatremic)

more hyponatremic (comparative)
most hyponatremic (superlative)

From hyponatremia + -ic or hypo- + natremia + -ic.

58% of the hyponatremic patients were found to be symptomatic.

2015, Rahul Unnikrishnan et al., “Clinical and laboratory profile of dengue in the elderly”, in Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, volume 4, →DOI:

(biology, medicine) Exhibiting or relating to hyponatremia.


trilithium

(chemistry, especially in combination) Three lithium atoms in a molecule.


delithiation

en-noun

delithiation (countable and uncountable, plural delithiations)

(physics) The removal of lithium from an electrode of a lithium-ion battery


rubidide

(chemistry) An alkalide with rubidium as the anion.


ceside

(chemistry) An alkalide with cesium as the anion.


sodium lauryl sulphate

sodium lauryl sulfate
sodium lauryl sulfate#English

(British spelling, organic chemistry) Alternative spelling of sodium lauryl sulfate


LiPo

(electrochemistry, electronics) A lithium polymer battery Abbreviation of lithium polymer.


Li-ion

lithium ion battery
lithium ion battery#English

(electronics) Abbreviation of lithium ion battery.


monolithiation

lithiation involving a single atom of lithium


dysnatremic

en-adj

dysnatremic (comparative more dysnatremic, superlative most dysnatremic)

more dysnatremic (comparative)
most dysnatremic (superlative)

Relating to dysnatremia (abnormal amount of sodium in the blood).


dysnatremia

en-noun

dysnatremia (countable and uncountable, plural dysnatremias)

From dys- + natremia or dys- + natr- + -emia.

(biology, physiology, medicine) The presence of an unusual (high or low) amount of sodium in the blood; abnormal serum sodium level.


potassium aluminium silicate

potassium aluminium silicate (uncountable)


eunatremic

en-adj

eunatremic (comparative more eunatremic, superlative most eunatremic)

more eunatremic (comparative)
most eunatremic (superlative)

From eunatremia + -ic or eu- + natremia + -ic.

Hospitalized children who became hyponatremic received on average three-times the volume of electrolyte free water than their hospitalized colleagues who remained eunatremic and were also three-times more likely to receive fluids at a rate that exceeded recommended maintenance rates.

2009, Ellis D. Avner, Pediatric Nephrology, page 331:

(medicine) Exhibiting or pertaining to eunatremia (normal amount of sodium in blood).


eunatremia

From eu- + natremia or eu- + natr- + -emia.

Children with eunatremia but a high renin level often do not grow well.

2003, Sally Radovick, Pediatric Endocrinology: A Practical Clinical Guide, page 267:

(medicine) A healthy/normal concentration of sodium in blood plasma.


caustic alkali

en-noun

caustic alkali (countable and uncountable, plural caustic alkalis)

(inorganic chemistry, dated) The hydrate of potassium (called caustic potash) or sodium (caustic soda).


normonatremia

From normo- + natremia or normo- + natr- + -emia.


normonatremic

From normo- + natremic or normo- + natremia + -ic.

Having a normal amount of sodium in the bloodstream.


natremic

natremic effects of dietary sodium intake in chronic kidney disease

Moreover, the LGCs produce a natremic factor, a peptide stimulating the uptake of sodium through the integument […]

1988, M. C. Thorndyke, G. J. Goldsworthy, Neurohormones in Invertebrates, page 273:

(biology, medicine) Of or pertaining to natremia: (usually, especially) regarding trends of sodium (Na) concentration over time.

magnesemic

biometallic cation concentration in blood


heptasodium

(chemistry, in combination) Seven atoms of sodium in a chemical compound.


tetralithium

(inorganic chemistry, in combination) Four lithium ions in a compound


trirubidium

(chemistry, in combination) Three atoms of rubidium in a chemical compound.


antinatriuresis

A decrease in the amount of sodium in the urine


antinatriuretic

From anti- + natriuretic or anti- + natriuresis + -etic.

That lowers the amount of sodium in the urine


phenyllithium

(organic chemistry) An organometallic agent with the empirical formula C₆H₅Li.


sodium peroxide

(inorganic chemistry) A strong base, Na₂O₂, used as an oxidizing agent and in self-contained breathing apparatus.


pentasodium

(chemistry, in combination) Five sodium atoms or ions in a compound


octasodium

(chemistry, in combination) Eight sodium atoms or cations in a molecule


dyskalemia

From dys- + kalemia or dys- + kal(ium) + -emia.

(biology, medicine) A unhealthy concentration of potassium in the blood.


decasodium

(chemistry, in combination) Ten atoms of sodium in a chemical compound (Na₁₀).


alkali cellulose

(biochemistry) A compound of cellulose and sodium hydroxide formed during the manufacture of viscose


alkyllithium

(organic chemistry) Any alkyl organometallic compound of lithium


caesium clock

A type of highly accurate atomic clock that is regulated by a resonance frequency of caesium atoms (the same frequency, 9,192,631,770 Hz, on which the precise scientific definition of the second is based).


caesium auride

(inorganic chemistry) A yellow salt with the chemical formula CsAu, formed by the reaction of molten gold and molten cesium.


vinyllithium

(organic chemistry) An organolithium compound, encountered mainly as a solution in tetrahydrofuran, and also a reagent in synthesis of organic compounds.


lithium triborate

second-harmonic generation
second-harmonic generation

A non-linear optics crystal, often used for second-harmonic generation.


lithium oxybutyrate

(pharmacology) An antimanic drug that possesses a neurotropic activity similar to that of lithium carbonate.


yttrium lithium fluoride

yttrium lithium fluoride (plural yttrium lithium fluorides)

(chemistry) A birefringent crystal, typically doped with neodymium and used as a gain medium in solid-state lasers.


lithium naphthalene

(organic chemistry) An organic salt used as a reductant in the synthesis of organic, organometallic, and inorganic chemistry.


lithium naphthalide

(organic chemistry) the resultant compound formed by adding naphthalene and lithium metal in a solution of tetrahydrofuran


Solvay process

Developed in its modern form by the Belgian chemist Ernest Solvay during the 1860s.

(chemistry) A major industrial process for the production of sodium carbonate.


natric

(soil science) Being or relating to a kind of argillic horizon having more than 15% saturation with exchangeable sodium in a subhorizon.


triproton

A hypothetical particle consisting of three protons and no neutrons; equivalently, lithium-3.


eukalemia

From eu- + kalemia or eu- + kal(ium) + -emia.

(biology, medicine) Synonym of normokalemia


kalemic

Hypokalemia and hyperkalemia, are common electrolyte electrolyte diseases related to changes in potassium intake, excretion, or transcellular shifts. Hypokalemia is commonly induced by diuretics and gastrointestinal losses, whereas hyperkalemia is typically caused by kidney disease, hyperglycemia, and pharmaceutical use. The aetiology of kalemia can range from minor to severe, and it can be caused by diet, drugs, or another disease. […] This review gives an insight into the causes, symptoms, complications as well as pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments of kalemic conditions in pregnancy. This review also reported some cases of hypo and hyperkalemia in pregnancy in both human and animals.

2022, Athira Roy, Nissy P. Jacob, A.R. Vaishnavi, M. Sudha, R. Sambath Kumar, “Review on kalemic conditions in pregnancy”, in Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics, volume 12, number 1-S, →DOI:

(biology, medicine) Of or pertaining to kalemia: (usually, especially) regarding trends of potassium (K) concentration over time.


antilithium

Heavy antinuclei, if observed, would also indicate that nucleosynthetic processes are taking place in these antimatter regions, since the usual matter-symmetric cosmologies have no other provision for manufacturing antimatter heavier than antilithium.

1987, Luis W. Alvarez, Discovering Alvarez: Selected Works of Luis W. Alvarez with Commentary by His Students and Colleagues, University of Chicago Press, →ISBN, page 194:

The pinhead contained only a twentieth of a gramme of antilithium, but that's more than sufficient for our purposes.

2009, Alastair Reynolds, Revelation Space, Orion, →ISBN:

Even unshielded, it would take antilithium or highmatter to cut through the adamantine plate on the dorsal hull.

2020, Christopher Ruocchio, Demon In White: Book 3, Orion, →ISBN:

(physics, science fiction) The antiatom form of lithium.


potassium fluoride

(inorganic chemistry) A fluoride salt of potassium with the chemical formula KF.


cesium nitrate

(inorganic chemistry) A nitrate compound of cesium with the chemical formula CeNO₃.


rubidium chloride

(inorganic chemistry) An inorganic chloride salt of rubidium with the chemical formula RbCl.