track

→ Kashubian: trak (Canada)

From Middle English trak, tracke, from Old French trac (“track of horses, trail, trace”), of uncertain origin. Likely from a Germanic source, either Old Norse traðk ("a track; path; trodden spot"; > Icelandic traðk (“a track; path; tread”), Faroese traðk (“track; tracks”), Norwegian tråkke (“to trample”)) or from Middle Dutch trec, *trac, treck ("line, row, series"; > Dutch trek (“a draft; feature; trait; groove; expedition”)), German Low German Treck (“a draught; movement; passage; flow”). See tread, trek.

gloss

"line, row, series"; > Dutch <i class="Latn mention" lang="nl">trek</i> (“a draft; feature; trait; groove; expedition”)

cog

My favourite track on the album is "Sunshine".

(music) A song or other relatively short piece of music, on a record, separated from others by a short silence.

nummer

a song or other relatively short piece of music, on a record, separated from others by a short silence


fermata

en-noun

fermata (countable and uncountable, plural fermatas or fermate)

/ˌfɜːˈmɑːtə/

/ˌfɜːɹˈmɑtə/

Borrowed from Italian fermata, from fermare (“to stop”).

(music) The holding of a note or rest for longer than its usual duration.

延長號

holding a note beyond its usual duration or the notation representing it

(music, countable) The notation ⟨◌͒⟩ of such a prolongation, usually represented as a dot with a semi-circle above or below it, written above or below the prolonged note or rest.


popular music

popular music (usually uncountable, plural popular musics)

(music) Any genre of music that has wide appeal amongst the general public of a society, typically distributed widely by the music industry; typically as seen in contrast to classical music and folk music.

مُوسِيقَى الْبُوب

genre that has wide appeal amongst the general public — see also pop music


phat

en-adj

phat (comparative phatter, superlative phattest)

phatter (comparative)
phattest (superlative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-phat.wav

The term derives from African American Vernacular English as a deliberate misspelling of the word fat.

The song has a phat bass line.

(slang, music) Rich in texture; prominent.


crunchy

crunchy (comparative crunchier, superlative crunchiest)

crunchier (comparative)
crunchiest (superlative)

From crunch + -y. The slang sense is derived from the concept of crunchy granola.

(music, informal) Of a chord: containing dissonant intervals.


lap

en-verb

lap (third-person singular simple present laps, present participle lapping, simple past and past participle lapped or (archaic) lapt)

laps (present singular third-person)
lapping (participle present)
lapped (participle past)
lapped (past)
lapt (archaic participle past)
lapt (archaic past)

From Middle English lappen, from Old English lapian, from Proto-Germanic *lapōną, *lapjaną (“to lick; lap”), from imitative Proto-Indo-European *leh₂b- (“to lap, lick”); akin to Old High German laffen (“to lick”), Old Norse lepja, Danish labe, Old Saxon lepil, German Löffel (“spoon”). Cognate with Latin lambere (“lick”). French lamper is a loanword from German. Compare Danish leffe, dialect German läffeln.

onomatopoeic

imitative

der

I heard the ripple washing in the reeds, / And the wild water lapping on the crag.

1870, Alfred Tennyson, “The Passing of Arthur”, in The Holy Grail and Other Poems, London: Strahan and Co., […], →OCLC, page 144:

(intransitive, of water) To wash against a surface with a splashing sound; to swash.

плискам

to wash against a surface with a splashing sound


Merseybeat

The characteristic style of music produced by pop groups from Merseyside between 1958 and 1964, typified by the Beatles.


crunk

Get Crunk, Who U Wit: Da Album
Lil Jon & the East Side Boyz
crunk
fusion genre

Attested in the Southern US since the late 1980s, originally in the sense of “rowdy, high energy out-of-control behavior by a crowd at Southern night clubs”. Popularized by its use in the fusion genre of crunk music in the 1990s and especially early 2000s. In this context, first used in music lyrics and notably popularized by Lil Jon & the East Side Boyz, on their 1997 debut album Get Crunk, Who U Wit: Da Album. Various possible origins have been proposed:
* Blend of crazy + drunk “crazy drunk”.
* Blend of chronic (“marijuana”) + drunk “high on marijuana and drunk (on alcohol) at the same time”.
* From a dialectal past tense of crank.
See Crunk: etymology at Wikipedia for further information.
There is no evidence of any connection with Yiddish or German krank (“sick, ill”), nor that it entered the Southern Black vernacular through the presence of European Jewish immigrant shopkeepers in black neighborhoods in cities such as Atlanta. The phonetic similarity of the words is considered a coincidence.

2004, Crunk Classics [audio CD compilation title] http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B00029RT1M/

As Houston rap became a national sensation, spinning off into the “crunk” scene, it was hard to believe that just ten years earlier, the only Texas rap acts of any note were Donald “The D.O.C.” Curry, the Dallasite who hooked up with Dr. Dre and the N.W.A. crew, and the Geto Boys, who set out to make West Coast gangstas come off like Young MC.

2005, Michael Joseph Corcoran, All Over the Map page 25

On Slanguistics, a special on the MTV2 cable network, Andre 3000 offered a succinct analogy for crunk. “What punk was to rock,” he explains, “crunk is to rap.”

2005, Tamara Palmer, Country Fried Soul, page 17:

Use a “crunk” song for his cell-phone ring.

2005, David Katz, Things a Man Should Never Do Past 30, page 27:

A type of hip hop that originated in the southern United States.


banger

→ Estonian: bänger

→ Finnish: bängeri

From bang + -er. The sausages were so called because of their excess water content and impervious skin, leading to the risk of explosion if not punctured before cooking.

My frequencies are transient and resonate your eardrums / I make bangers, not anthems

2002, Mike Skinner (lyrics and music), “Let's Push Things Forward”, in Original Pirate Material, performed by The Streets:

Morris' melding of influences ranging from mid-'80s computer technology to Baltimore club bangers to the U.K. rave scene has cemented his reputation as one of London's most formidable DJs.

2008, Billboard, volume 120, number 32, page 44:

'Ice Ice Baby' was an absolute banger, though, wasn't it? And knowing the history of that song, it had proper rap credentials.

2012, Mike Skinner, The Story of The Streets, page 31:

A thing or person which bangs, in any sense.

(music, slang) A powerfully energetic and/or very good song, especially in hip-hop and dance music.


lighter

→ Bengali: লাইটার (laiṭar)

→ Danish: lighter

→ Hindi: लाइटर (lāiṭar)

→ Japanese: ライター (raitā)

→ Korean: 라이터 (raiteo)

→ Norwegian:

→ Norwegian Bokmål: lighter

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: lighter

→ Pashto: لایټر (lāyṭar) (neologism)

→ Persian: لایْتَر (lāytar) (Dari)

→ Urdu: لائِٹَر (lāiṭar)

From light (“to ignite”) + -er. Cognate with Middle Dutch lichtere, lichter (“one who spreads light, illuminator”), Dutch lichter, luchter (“candle-holder, chandelier”). Compare also Middle English lightnere, liȝtnere (“one who enlightens or illuminates”).

a lighter of lamps

Cigarette in mouth, he clutched his pockets in search of a lighter.

A device used to light things, especially a reusable handheld device for creating fire to light cigarettes.


lighter

From Middle English lightere, lyghtere, equivalent to light (“to unload, lighten”) + -er. Compare West Frisian lichter (“lighter ship”), Dutch lichter (“lighter ship”), Middle Low German lichter, lüchter, lüchtære (“a small ship that lightens a load, lighter ship”).

It is, of course, possible to work only to or from lighters in this way, and such working is not very general in this country, although a certain amount of such overside work is carried on in enclosed docks.

1945 January and February, T. F. Cameron, “Dock Working”, in Railway Magazine, page 9:

A flat-bottomed boat for carrying heavy loads across short distances (especially for canals or for loading or unloading larger boats).


lighter

en-verb

lighter (third-person singular simple present lighters, present participle lightering, simple past and past participle lightered)

lighters (present singular third-person)
lightering (participle present)
lightered (participle past)
lightered (past)

1900. Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain. Vol. 7, pg. 3227.
Troops and stores were lightered to the wharves inside the harbor by steamers Orizaba and Berkshire.

To transfer (cargo or passengers) to or from a ship by means of a lighter or other small vessel.


argent

en-noun

argent (countable and uncountable, plural argents)

From Middle English argent, from Old French argent (“silver”), from Latin argentum (“white money, silver”).

argent:

The metals are gold and silver, these being termed "or" and "argent".

1909, Arthur Charles Fox-Davies, A Complete Guide to Heraldry:

(heraldry) The white or silver tincture on a coat of arms.


argent

... when the shield is argent, it is shown in an engraving by being left plain.

1889, Charles Norton Elvin, A Dictionary of Heraldry:

(heraldry): of white or silver tincture on a coat of arms.


shred

en-verb

shred (third-person singular simple present shreds, present participle shredding, simple past shredded, past participle shredded or shred)

shreds (present singular third-person)
shredding (participle present)
shredded (past)
shredded (participle past)
shred (participle past)
shred (infinitive)

The verb is derived from Middle English shreden, shred (“to chop, cut up; to cut, hack; to wound with a knife; to cut off a part of (something); to prune, trim”) [and other forms], from Old English sċrēadian (“to cut up, shred; to cut off; to prune, trim”), from Proto-West Germanic *skraudōn, related to Proto-West Germanic *skraudan (“to cut up; to shred”), from Proto-Germanic *skraudaną (“to cut up; to shred”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut off”).
The adjective is derived from the past participle form of the verb.

nb...

schred, schredde, schrede, screde, shreade, shrede, shredde, shrid, (Early Middle English) screda, scradien, (Ormulum) shrædenn

inh

(music) Chiefly in rock and heavy metal: to play (a musical instrument (especially a guitar) or a piece of music) very fast and in a way that requires technical skill.

tiluttaa

to play (a musical instrument or a piece of music) very fast


oyster

From Middle English oystre, from Old English ostre, reinforced or superseded by Anglo-Norman oistre, which is from Old French oistre, uistre (compare modern French huître); both lines (Old English and Old French) from Latin ostrea, from Ancient Greek ὄστρεον (óstreon). Doublet of ostro (“a purple dye”).

als

mollusk — see also clam, mollusc, mussel

oyster:

A pale beige color tinted with grey or pink, like that of an oyster.


oyster

en-adj

oyster (comparative more oyster, superlative most oyster)

more oyster (comparative)
most oyster (superlative)

Of a pale beige colour tinted with grey or pink, like that of an oyster.


rackett

(music) An old wind instrument of the double bassoon kind, having ventages but not keys.


slap

en-noun

slap (countable and uncountable, plural slaps)

From Middle English slappen, of uncertain origin, possibly imitative. Compare Low German Slappe (“slap”), whence also German Schlappe (“defeat”). Compare also Italian sleppa (“slap”).

onomatopoeic

imitative

the slap of my feet on the bathroom tiles

(countable) A sharp percussive sound like that produced by such a blow.

Havens goes into the terrific Freedom for an encore, which will turn out to be a highlight of the movie; its chopped guitar and conga slaps pre-empt late 90s R&B.

2019 August 15, Bob Stanley, “'Groovy, groovy, groovy': listening to Woodstock 50 years on – all 38 discs”, in The Guardian:

(countable, music) The percussive sound produced in slap bass playing.


slap

en-verb

slap (third-person singular simple present slaps, present participle slapping, simple past and past participle slapped)

slaps (present singular third-person)
slapping (participle present)
slapped (participle past)
slapped (past)

onomatopoeic

imitative

He slapped the reins against the horse's back.

(transitive) To cause something to strike soundly.


fungi

See fungee. Sense 2 (“style of folk and popular music”) is apparently from the fact that the music is a blend of different musical instruments and styles, just as the dish (sense 1) is a blend of different flavours.

percussion instrument
percussion instrument

(by extension, music) A style of folk and popular music from the Virgin Islands, traditionally performed by bands consisting of banjo, guitar, ukulele, and washboard with various percussion instruments on rhythm.


babble

en-noun

babble (usually uncountable, plural babbles)

From Middle English babelen, from Old English *bæblian, also wæflian (“to talk foolishly”), from Proto-West Germanic *bablōn, *wablōn, variants of *babalōn, from Proto-Germanic *babalōną (“to chatter”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰa-bʰa-, perhaps a reduplication of Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (“to say”), or a variant of Proto-Indo-European *baba- (“to talk vaguely, mumble”), or a merger of the two, possibly ultimately onomatopoeic/mimicry of infantile sounds (compare babe, baby).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian babbelje (“to babble”), West Frisian babbelje (“to babble”), Dutch babbelen (“to babble, chat”), German Low German babbeln (“to babble”), German babbeln (“to babble”), Danish bable, bavle (“to babble”), Swedish babbla (“to babble”), Icelandic babla (“to babble”). Unrelated to Babel.

cog

[M]an has an instinctive tendency to speak, as we see in the babble of our young children; whilst no child has an instinctive tendency to brew, bake, or write.

1871, Charles Darwin, “Comparison of the Mental Powers of Man and the Lower Animals”, in The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex. […], volume I, London: John Murray, […], →OCLC, Part I (On the Descent of Man), page 55:

Inarticulate speech; constant or confused murmur.


hepatic

From Middle English epatik, from Late Latin hepaticus, from Ancient Greek ἡπατικός (hēpatikós, “of the liver”), from ἧπαρ (hêpar, “liver”).

der

hepatic:

Polyhydrite, a silicate of oxide of iron from Breitenbrun, Saxony, is of a hepatic color, vitreous lustre and opaque

1842, Dr. Lewis Feuchtwanger, “Mineralogical Notices”, in The American journal of science and arts, page 386:

In fact bis weakness was for alcoholic stimulants. Hence his liver was carefully examined. It was not of the usual hepatic color ; in this case it presented a deep purple-black

1872, “Remarks on Longevity”, in The Medical and surgical reporter, page 104:

Among the most striking ot the internal modifications is the gradual change of the liver from the characteristic hepatic color to a bright green.

1893, The Wilder quarter-century book: a collection of original papers, page 438:

Of a deep brownish-red color like that of liver.


piccolo

(music, rare) An organ stop with the tone of a piccolo flute.


piccolo

There is also the Piccolo Trumpet, built in D, which can with ease attack high notes which are outside the range of the ordinary B flat instrument, as well as the rarely used Bass Trumpet.

1945, Christian Darnton, You and Music, 2nd edition, New York: Pelican Books, retrieved 2022-02-20, page 65:

musical instruments
musical instruments#English

Designating the highest-pitched or smallest of a family of musical instruments.


electromagnetic radiation

Radiation (quantized as photons) consisting of oscillating electric and magnetic fields oriented perpendicularly to each other, moving through space.


blues

en-noun

blues (countable and uncountable, plural blues)

→ Catalan: blues

→ Danish: blues

→ Finnish: blues

→ French: blues

→ Hungarian: blues

→ Icelandic: blús

→ Italian: blues

→ Portuguese: blues

→ Spanish: blues

→ Swedish: blues

Many great blues musicians came from the Mississippi Delta region.

A large portion of modern popular music is influenced by the blues.

(music) A musical form, African-American in origin, generally featuring an eight-bar or twelve-bar blues structure and using the blues scale.

My next number is a blues in G.

(music, always singular) A musical composition following blues forms.


periwinkle

Diminutive of Middle English perwinke, from Old English perfince, perwince (compare Middle High German berwinke), from Latin pervinca (compare French pervenche, Italian pervinca), of unknown origin.

/ˈpɛɹ.ɪˌwɪŋ.kəl/

periwinkle:

A color with bluish and purplish hues, somewhat light.


periwinkle

en-adj

periwinkle (comparative more periwinkle, superlative most periwinkle)

more periwinkle (comparative)
most periwinkle (superlative)

/ˈpɛɹ.ɪˌwɪŋ.kəl/


periwinkle

From Middle English [Term?], alteration of *pinewinkle (compare English dialectal pennywinkle), from Old English pīnewincle, compound of Latin pīna (“kind of mussel”), itself from Ancient Greek πίνη (pínē), variant of πίννα (pínna, “mussel”)) and Old English wincel (“corner”) (compare dialectal Danish vinkel (“snail shell”)). More at winch and wink.

/ˈpɛɹ.ɪˌwɪŋ.kəl/

He was working a pin into a periwinkle shell, turning it to extract the toothsome morsel of meat.

2022, Paul McAuley, Beyond the Burn Line, Gollancz, page 217:


sunny

sunny (comparative sunnier, superlative sunniest)

sunnier (comparative)
sunniest (superlative)

From Middle English sunni, from Old English *sunniġ. Cognate with West Frisian sinnich, Low German sünnig, Dutch zonnig, German sonnig. Equivalent to sun + -y.

Whilst it may be sunny today, the weather forecast is predicting rain.

(of weather or a day) Featuring a lot of sunshine.

the sunny side of a hill

I would describe Spain as sunny, but it's nothing in comparison to the Sahara.

(of a place) Receiving a lot of sunshine.

sunny beams

1591, Ed[mund] Sp[enser], “Visions of the Worlds Vanitie”, in Complaints. Containing Sundrie Small Poemes of the Worlds Vanitie. […], London: […] William Ponsonbie, […], →OCLC:

the four winds blow in from every coast
Renownèd suitors, and her sunny locks
Hang on her temples like a golden fleece

c. 1596–1598 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:

Of or relating to the sun; proceeding from, or resembling the sun; shiny; radiant.


shh

From hush. Likely imitative of a non-verbal utterance. Compare Scots whisht (“hush!”).


moonshine

en-noun

moonshine (countable and uncountable, plural moonshines)

From Middle English mone schyne, mone-schyne, moone shone; equivalent to moon + shine. Illegally distilled liquor is so named because its manufacture may be conducted without artificial light at night. The verb sense is a back-formation from moonshiner.

[…] her Waggon Spokes made of long Spinners legs: the Couer of the wings of Graſhoppers, her Traces of the ſmalleſt Spiders web, her coullers of the Moonſhines watry Beames […]

c. 1591–1595 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Romeo and Ivliet”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iv]:

[…] the newes coming every moment of the growth of the fire; so as we were forced to begin to pack up our owne goods; and prepare for their removal; and did by moonshine (it being brave dry, and moonshine, and warm weather) carry much of my goods into the garden […]

1666 September 2, Samuel Pepys, edited by Mynors Bright, The Diary of Samuel Pepys, London: George Bell & Sons, published 1893:

[…] I have been in an Ague fit, ever ſince ſhut of Evening; what with the fright of Trees by the High-way, which look'd maliciouſly like Thieves, by Moon-ſhine: and what with Bulruſhes by the River-ſide, that ſhak'd like Spears, and Lances at me.

1690, [John] Dryden, Amphitryon; or, The Two Sosia’s. […], London: […] J[acob] Tonson, […]; and M. Tonson […], published 1691, →OCLC, Act II, scene i, page 11:

[…] O Nymph more bright than moon-ſhine night, like Kidlings blithe and merry […]

1718, John Gay, “O ruddier than the Cherry”, from Act 2 of George Frideric Handel’s opera Acis and Galatea, page 47

In mist or cloud on mast or shroud / It perch’d for vespers nine, / Whiles all the night thro’ fog smoke-white / Glimmer’d the white moon-shine.

1798, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner”, in Lyrical Ballads, Part I, page 10:

So I came forth of the sea and sat down on the edge of an island in the moonshine, where a passer-by found me and, carrying me to the his house, besought me of love-liesse; but I smote him on the head, so that he all but died; whereupon he carried me forth and sold me to the merchant from whom thou hadst me, […]

1885, Richard F. Burton, The Book of the Thousand Nights and a Night:

“[…] it would be lovely to sleep in a wild cherry-tree all white with bloom in the moonshine, don’t you think? […]”

1908, Lucy Maud Montgomery, chapter 2, in Anne of Green Gables:

They watered down the moonshine.

“Wish I'd been more polite to that girl,” the sheriff remarked regretfully. […] I know she’d have give me another drink of that old moonshine she has.”

1920, Peter B. Kyne, chapter IV, in The Understanding Heart:

My great grandpa was a blues lover / He'd be rockin' his moonshine to B.B. King and Jimmy Reed

1974, Betty Davis (lyrics and music), “They Say I'm Different”, performed by Betty Davis:

(informal) High-proof alcohol (especially whiskey) that is often, but not always, produced illegally.

(mathematics, uncountable) A branch of pure mathematics relating the Monster group to an invariant of elliptic functions.

(US, cooking) A spiced dish of eggs and fried onions.


fingerstyle

(music) A style of playing a stringed instrument, such as a guitar, which includes the use of the fingers to pluck the strings instead of a pick, or plectrum.


chutney

chutney (usually uncountable, plural chutneys)

Borrowed from Hindustani चटनी (caṭnī) / چَٹْنِی (caṭnī).

(music) A style of Indo-Caribbean music from the West Indies, associated especially with Trinidad and Tobago.


scritch

Perhaps it is the owlet's scritch:
For what can aid the mastiff bitch ?

1793, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Christabel:


scritch

en-verb

scritch (third-person singular simple present scritches, present participle scritching, simple past and past participle scritched)

scritches (present singular third-person)
scritching (participle present)
scritched (participle past)
scritched (past)


scritch

To make a light scratching sound, like a small animal burrowing.


scritch

A light scratching sound, like a small animal burrowing.

Sugar demands scritches alternating with sinking her beak into my fingers because I'm not doing it to suit her.

2010, Marguerite Floyd, The Parrot Reckonings, →ISBN:

“It really does have to work out,” she said, setting Toby's carrier up on the kitchen table. “Because otherwise you'll be reduced to standing on a street corner and offering kitty head scritches for money. And none of us want to see you stoop that low."

2015, Maisey Yates, Part Time Cowboy, →ISBN:

And they almost always gave good scritches, so they couldn't be bad people, could they? Did bad people scritch right?

2015 -, L. A. Kornetsky, Clawed: A Gin & Tonic Mystery, →ISBN, page 79:


meltdown

en-noun

meltdown (countable and uncountable, plural meltdowns)

→ Japanese: メルトダウン (merutodaun)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-meltdown.wav

Four years have passed since the meltdown at the Chernobyl nuclear plant, but the grim legacy of the Soviet catastrophe is still unfolding. https://web.archive.org/web/20041130094534/http://www.time.com/time/daily/chernobyl/chernobyl.index.html

Severe overheating of the core of a nuclear reactor resulting in the core melting and potentially in radiation escaping.

اِنْصِهَار نَوَوِيّ

severe overheating of the core of a nuclear reactor

razrušénije aktívnoj zony jádernovo reáktora

разруше́ние акти́вной зоны я́дерного реа́ктора


calliope

From Ancient Greek Καλλιόπη (Kalliópē, “Calliope, the muse of poetry”), from καλός (kalós, “beautiful”) + ὄψ (óps, “voice”).

der

A musical organ, consisting of steam whistles played with a keyboard. Often used with merry-go-rounds.


variation

en-noun

variation (usually uncountable, plural variations)

/ˌvɛəɹɪˈeɪʃn̩/

/ˌvɛəɹiˈeɪʃn̩/

/ˌvæɹiˈeɪʃn̩/

/ˌvɛɹiˈeɪʃn̩/

From Middle French variation, from Old French variacion, from Latin variātiō.

(music) A technique where material is repeated with alterations to the melody, harmony, rhythm, timbre, texture, counterpoint or orchestration; but with some invariant characteristic, e.g. a ground bass.


troll

en-verb

troll (third-person singular simple present trolls, present participle trolling, simple past and past participle trolled)

trolls (present singular third-person)
trolling (participle present)
trolled (participle past)
trolled (past)
troll (infinitive)

Spanish: trolear

The verb is derived from Late Middle English trollen, trolle (“to go about, wander; to move (something) to and fro, rock; to roll; to turn”) [and other forms], from Old French troller, trôler (“to run here and there; to walk aimlessly, ramble, stroll; (hunting) to wander about looking for game”) (modern French troller); further etymology uncertain, possibly related to Middle High German trollen (“to stroll”) (modern German trollen (“(informal) to move slowly, trundle; to push off, toddle off”)), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *truzlōną (“to lumber”), which is probably related to *trudaną (“to step on, tread”) (see further at etymology 1). Doublet of trull.
Verb sense 4.2.2 (“to fish using a line and bait or lures trailed behind a boat”) is possibly influenced by trail and/or trawl
The noun is probably derived from the verb. Noun sense 3 (“person who makes or posts inflammatory or insincere statements in an attempt to lure others into combative argument”) is possibly influenced by troll (etymology 1).
cognates
* Middle Low German drullen (“to stroll”) (Low German trullen (“to troll”))

laulaa vuoroin

(transitive, intransitive) to sing the parts of (a catch, round, or similar song) in succession

tokaista

(transitive, intransitive) to say (something) lightly and quickly

kalastama

(transitive, intransitive) to fish in (a place) using a running fishing line

Thou mak'ſt me merry: I am full of pleaſure, / Let vs be iocond. VVill you troule the Catch / You taught me but vvhileare?

1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii], page 12, column 2:

His Sonnets charm'd the attentive Crowd, / By wide-mouth'd Mortal troul'd aloud; […]

1663 (indicated as 1664), [Samuel Butler], “The Second Part of Hudibras. Canto III.”, in Hudibras. The First and Second Parts. […], London: […] John Martyn and Henry Herringman, […], published 1678, →OCLC; republished in A[lfred] R[ayney] Waller, editor, Hudibras: Written in the Time of the Late Wars, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: University Press, 1905, →OCLC, page 162:

[S]he vvould be more vvelcome to thee than a Reprieve vvould, if thou vvert juſt novv trolling out Hopkins and Sternhold upon a Ladder.

1672, Thomas Shadwell, The Miser: A Comedy, […], London: […] Thomas Collins and John Ford, […], →OCLC, Act I, page 2:

But hark! our merry-men so gay / Troll forth another roundelay.

1813, Walter Scott, “Canto Third”, in Rokeby; a Poem, Edinburgh: […] [F]or John Ballantyne and Co. […]; London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown; by James Ballantyne and Co., […], →OCLC, stanza XXVIII, page 143:

Good Snell, do thou a burthen try / Shall change our sadness into joy: / Such as thou trollest in blythe mood, / On days of sunshine in the wood.

1846, Thomas Cooper, “Canto II”, in The Baron’s Yule Feast: A Christmas-rhyme, London: Jeremiah How […], →OCLC, page 34:

Deck the hall with boughs of holly, / Fa, la, la, la, la, la, la, la, la! / 'Tis the season to be jolly: / Fa, la, la, la, la, la, la, la, la! / Fill the meadcup, drain the barrel, / Fa, la, la, la, la, la, la, la! / Troul the ancient Christmas carol. / Fa, la, la, la, la, la, la, la, la!

1862, Thomas Oliphant, John Thomas, arranger, “Nos Galan. New Year’s Eve. [no. 15]”, in Welsh Melodies, with Welsh and English Poetry […], volume II, London: Addison, Hollier, & Lucas, →OCLC, page 140:

For where could a handsome young scholar not be welcome when he could touch the lute and troll a gay song?

1862 July – 1863 August, George Eliot [pseudonym; Mary Ann Evans], “A Man’s Ransom”, in Romola. […], volume I, London: Smith, Elder and Co., […], published 1863, →OCLC, book I, page 160:

[T]here is not a man but has his pulses shaken when Pan trolls out a stave of ecstasy and sets the world a-singing.

1878, Robert Louis Stevenson, “Pan’s Pipes”, in Virginibus Puerisque and Other Papers, London: C[harles] Kegan Paul & Co., […], published 1881, →OCLC, page 283:

Senses relating to the motion of passing around.

(music, archaic) To sing the parts of (a catch, round, or similar song) in succession; also (generally), to sing (a song) freely or in a carefree way, or loudly.

The Greeks figured Pan, the god of Nature, now terribly stamping his foot, so that armies were dispersed; now by the woodside on a summer noon trolling on his pipe until he charmed the hearts of upland ploughmen.

1878, Robert Louis Stevenson, “Pan’s Pipes”, in Virginibus Puerisque and Other Papers, London: C[harles] Kegan Paul & Co., […], published 1881, →OCLC, pages 280–281:

[H]e trolled with ample lungs; and the sound of his voice took hold upon the hillside and set the air shaking in the leafy glens.

1879, Robert Louis Stevenson, “[Upper Gévaudan (continued).] A Night among the Pines.”, in Travels with a Donkey in the Cévennes, 1st American edition, Boston, Mass.: Roberts Brothers, →OCLC, page 140:

[H]e opened his stall and spread his meat upon the bench, then, taking his cleaver and steel and clattering them together, he trolled aloud in merry tones:— […]

1883, Howard Pyle, “Robin Hood Turns Butcher”, in The Merry Adventures of Robin Hood […], New York, N.Y.: […] Charles Scribner’s Sons […], →OCLC, part second, page 49:

Here Challander trolleth from the crucified vine; / The Ring-dove moaneth, chattereth the Stare; / The snowy Culver fast from nest doth fare / The Throstle percheth high on olive-tine: […]

1884 October, Camoens [i.e., Luís de Camões], “[Canzons.] Canzon XVI. Por Meyo de Humas Serras Muy Fragosas, (a Country Piece: Imitation of Gaspar Gil Polo’s Rimas Provenzales).”, in Richard F[rancis] Burton, transl., The Lyricks. […], volume II, London: Bernard Quaritch, […], →OCLC, , stanza V, page 336:

(music, archaic) Of a person: to sing the parts of a catch, round, or similar song in succession; also (generally), to sing freely or in a carefree way, or loudly.

I have had the moſt happy invention this morning, and a Tune trouling in my head; […]

1677 (date written), John Dryden, The Kind Keeper; or, Mr. Limberham: A Comedy: […], London: […] R[ichard] Bentley, and M[ary] Magnes, […], published 1680, →OCLC, Act III, scene i, page 30:

Then he strolled away, an air from "The Grand Duchess" lightly trolling from his lips.

1890, J[ames] M[atthew] Barrie, “The Murder in the Inn”, in My Lady Nicotine: A Study in Smoke, Boston, Mass.: Joseph Knight Company, published 1896, →OCLC, pages 248–249:

(music, archaic) Of a song: to be sung freely or in a carefree way, or loudly; also, of a tune: to be constantly in someone's mind.

soida päässä

of a tune: to be constantly in someone’s mind


troll

Spanish: trol

At the opening of every club night he is called in to sing his "Confession of Faith," which is the famous old drinking trowl from Gammer Gurton's needle.

1820 September 13, Geoffrey Crayon [pseudonym; Washington Irving], “Little Britain”, in The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent., number VII, New York, N.Y.: […] C[ornelius] S. Van Winkle, […], →OCLC, pages 106–107:

And thence the catch and troll, while "laughter, holding both his sides" sheds tears to song and ballad pathetic on the woes of married life, and all the ills that "our flesh is heir to."

1845, [John] Wilson, The Genius, and Character of Burns (Wiley and Putnam’s Library of Choice Reading), New York, N.Y.: Wiley and Putnam, […], →OCLC, page 103:

(music) A song the parts of which are sung in succession; a catch, a round.


karaoke

en-noun

karaoke (countable and uncountable, plural karaokes)

→ Welsh: carioci

/ˈkæ.ɹəˌəʊ.ki/

/kɑːɹɑːˌokeɪ/

/kɑːɹɑːˌokɛ/

Etymology tree
Japanese 空
Ancient Greek ὀρχέομαι (orkhéomai)
Ancient Greek -τρᾰ (-tra)
Ancient Greek ὀρχήστρα (orkhḗstra)bor.
Latin orchēstrabor.
English orchestrabor.
Japanese オーケストラ
Japanese カラオケbor.
English karaoke
Borrowed from Japanese カラオケ (karaoke), from 空(から) (kara, “empty”) + オケ (oke, “orchestra”), a clipping of オーケストラ (ōkesutora), from English orchestra.

etymon

The karaoke has been well received by those who frequent the oriental cabaret scene and adopt its particular social behaviors such as conversation, companionship, being seen, and showing off.

1993 March, Michael J. Wagner with John S. Brick, “Using Karaoke in the Classroom”, in Music Educators Journal, volume 79, number 7, →ISSN, →JSTOR, page 44:

American Idol will always have a place in my heart. It's where I met Clay. And what could be more exciting than televised karaoke?

2006 February 24, Real Time with Bill Maher, season 7, episode 2, Bill Maher (actor):

I was always split on Henley. Then I found out that he doesn’t want people to sing his songs at karaoke. In fact, Henley actually forbids karaoke companies from rerecording songs in his catalog.

2008 December 9, Brian Raftery, Don't Stop Believin': How Karaoke Conquered the World and Changed My Life, Cambridge: Da Capo Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 1:

instrumental version
instrumental version

(uncountable) A form of entertainment popular in clubs, at parties, etc, in which individual members of the public sing along to pre-recorded instrumental versions of popular songs, the lyrics of which are displayed for the singer on a screen in time with the music.

(fitness) An exercise in which the feet are alternately placed in front of each other while walking sideways to stretch various parts of the lower body and core.


collection

en-noun

collection (countable and uncountable, plural collections)

From Middle English colleccioun, collection, from Old French collection, from Latin collēctiō, collēctiōnem, from collēctus, from colligō (“collect together”), composed of con- + legō (“bring together, gather, collect”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *leǵ- (“to gather, collect”).

der

The "collectional information" one receives is ambiguous since the collection { C, E, F, G, A } occurs in the key of C and in the key of F.

2005, Neil Minturn, The Last Waltz of The Band, page 112:

In fact, students are often taught that specific collections—diatonic, octatonic, and whole-tone, etc.—typify these composers' compositional language.

2009, Brian Moseley, “Form and Transpositional Combination in George Crumb's Lux Aeterna”, in Bruce Quaglia, Jack Boss, editors, Musical Currents from the Left Coast, page 174:

Simply put, the realm of available collections in a largely diatonic environment is much smaller than it is in truly atonal one.

2012, Marguerite Boland, John Link, Elliott Carter Studies, page 22:

(music) A set of pitch classes used by a composer.


metaller

(music, informal) One who listens to heavy metal music.


grinder

From Middle English grinder, grindere, from Old English grindere (“one or that which grinds; grinder”), equivalent to grind + -er.

inh

(music, slang) A fan or performer of grindcore music.


skank

Originally Jamaican, attested from the twentieth century, but earliest source is uncertain. The verb sense be dishonest is evidently older. Perhaps originally onomatopoeic. The dance senses may come from a resemblance to motorcyclists weaving in and out of traffic. Compare skanker.

A typical skank guitar rhythm:
{\time3/4\tempo4=180\set Staff.midiInstrument=#"electric guitar (muted)"\repeat unfold2{r8a4}\repeat unfold2{r8g4}}

He took it another step and brought blues into reggae music. I don’t play skank. I don’t play reggae guitar. So I had to call.

2017, Jas Obrecht, “Ben Harper in San Francisco, May 3, 1994”, in Talking Guitar, page 279:

(music) A style of rhythmic guitar strumming in ska, reggae, and punk.


parchment

en-noun

parchment (countable and uncountable, plural parchments)

/ˈpʰɑɹt͡ʃmənt/

From Middle English parchemyn, parchement, from Old French parchemin, via Latin pergamīna, from Ancient Greek Περγαμηνός (Pergamēnós, “of Pergamon”), which is named for the ancient city of Pergamon (modern Bergama) in Asia Minor, where it was invented as an expensive alternative for papyrus. Cognate with Danish pergament, Dutch perkament, French parchemin, German Pergament, Greek περγαμηνή (pergaminí), Italian pergamena, Norwegian pergament, Portuguese pergaminho, Galician pergameo, Romanian pergament, Russian пергамент (pergament), Spanish pergamino, and Swedish pergament.

der

The creamy to tanned color of parchment.


shift

en-noun

shift (countable and uncountable, plural shifts)

From Middle English schiften, from Old English sċiftan (“to divide, separate into shares; appoint, ordain; arrange, organise”), from Proto-Germanic *skiftijaną, *skiptijaną, from earlier *skipatjaną (“to organise, put in order”), from Proto-Indo-European *skeyb- (“to separate, divide, part”), from Proto-Indo-European *skey- (“to cut, divide, separate, part”). Cognate with Scots schift, skift (“to shift”), West Frisian skifte, skiftsje (“to sort”), Dutch schiften (“to sort, screen, winnow, part”), German schichten (“to stack, layer”), Swedish skifta (“to shift, change, exchange, vary”), Norwegian skifte (“to shift”), Icelandic skipta (“to switch”). See ship.

cog

(music) In violin-playing, any position of the left hand except that nearest the nut.


shift

en-verb

shift (third-person singular simple present shifts, present participle shifting, simple past and past participle shifted)

shifts (present singular third-person)
shifting (participle present)
shifted (participle past)
shifted (past)

(music) In violin-playing, to move the left hand from its original position next to the nut.


module

Borrowed from French module, from Latin modulus (“a small measure, a measure, mode, meter”), diminutive of modus (“measure”) (whence mode). Doublet of modulus and mold.

der

(music, computing) A file containing a music sequence that can be played in a tracker (also called mod or music module).


solar prominence

en-noun

solar prominence (plural solar prominences)

(astronomy) Any of the large eruptions of luminous hydrogen gas that rise thousands of kilometers above the chromosphere of the Sun.


tromboon

Blend of trombone + bassoon, humorously coined by composer Peter Schickele, attributed to fictitious composer P. D. Q. Bach.

(music) A trombone with the reed and bocal of a bassoon placed instead of the usual mouthpiece, which combines the limitations of both instruments, producing a loud comical sound.


eight-bar blues

eight-bar blues (countable and uncountable, plural eight-bar blues)

(music) A blues form built on an eight-measure chord pattern, most typically I, I, IV, I, V7, IV, I, V7, where I, IV and V7 represent the tonic, subdominant and dominant seventh chords respectively.


dominant seventh

G7, the dominant seventh chord of a C major scale:
1

(music) The chord consisting of the fifth, major seventh, ninth and eleventh of a given scale; a seventh chord built on the dominant tone.


twelve-bar blues

(music) A blues form built on a twelve-measure chord progression, most typically based around the tonic, subdominant and dominant seventh chords of a key.


heliocentric

a heliocentric coordinate system

a heliocentric orbit

To make the Catalogue of Eclipses, as also the Table of the Parallaxes of [Jupiter], it was necessary first to make a Table of [Jupiter]' Heliocentrick places, to which the Parallaxes being applied, give the Geocentrick.

1685, J. Flamsteed, Philosophical Transactions, XV, p. 1217:

(astronomy) Having the sun at the center/centre; usually in reference to a coordinate system or orbit. [from 17th c.]

(cosmology) Of or relating to heliocentrism.


subdominant

(music) The triad built on the subdominant tone.


prelude

From Middle French prélude (“singing to test a musical instrument”), from Medieval Latin preludium, from Latin praelūdere.

der

(music) A short, free-form piece of music, originally one serving as an introduction to a longer and more complex piece; later, starting with the Romantic period, generally a stand-alone piece.


entry

en-noun

entry (countable and uncountable, plural entries)

exit

antonym(s) of “doorway that provides a means of entering a building”

Inherited from Middle English entre, from Old French entree (feminine past participle of the verb entrer, Modern French entrée). From Latin intrō. Doublet of entrada and entrée.

(music) The point when a musician starts to play or sing; entrance.

aloitus

music: point when a musician starts to perform


gamba

From viola da gamba, ultimately from Italian gamba (“leg”). Doublet of gam, gamb, jamb, and jambe.

A rank of organ pipes, so called for a supposed resemblance of the sound to that of a viola da gamba.


gamba

Learned borrowing from Latin gamba (“leg”); compare gambol. Doublet of gam, gamb, jamb, and jambe.

lbor

(anatomy) The metacarpus or metatarsus of ruminants, etc.


first violin

(music) The lead or primary violin role in an orchestra or other ensemble, or in a musical composition, that typically contains the melody and is often more technically demanding than the second violin role. The first violin role is played by a first violinist, typically the best violinist in the orchestra.

(British, music) The leader of the violin section of a symphony orchestra; the concertmaster.


BTU

British thermal unit
British thermal unit#English

(energy) Initialism of British thermal unit.


busker

A person who solicits donations while entertaining the public, often by playing a musical instrument, on a street or in another public area such as a park or marketplace.


negative

en-adj

negative (comparative more negative, superlative most negative)

more negative (comparative)
most negative (superlative)

/ˈnɛ(e)ɡəˌɾɪv/

From Middle English negative, negatif, from Old French negatif, from Latin negātīvus (“that denies, negative”), from negāre (“to deny”); see negate.

der

Negative feelings can be worked through and their energy converted into positive energy... In crisis, normal patterns of self-organization fail, resulting in anxiety (negative energy).

2009, Christopher Johns, Becoming a Reflective Practitioner, John Wiley & Sons, page 15:

2011, Joe Vitale, The Key: the missing secret for attracting anything you want, Body, Mind & Spirit, http://books.google.com.au/books?id=hf5qEW9n_fsC&pg=PT109&dq=positive+feelings&hl=en&sa=X&ei=MkX-T8PQCo6KmQXjr4GhBQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=unwanted%20feelings&f=false
The threat of negative feelings may seem very real, but they are nothing more than mirages... Allow the unwanted feelings to evaporate and dissolve as the mirages that they are.

If you have been badly affected by negative energy a salt bath is wonderful for clearing and cleansing yourself... Salt attracts negative energy and will draw it away from you.

2011, Anne Jones, Healing Negative Energies, Hachette, page 118:

(New Age jargon, derogatory) Often preceded by emotion, energy, feeling, or thought: to be avoided, bad, difficult, disagreeable, painful, potentially damaging, unpleasant, unwanted.


progression

en-noun

progression (countable and uncountable, plural progressions)

/pɹəˈɡɹɛʃən/


alfabeto

Borrowed from Italian alfabeto (“alphabet”). Doublet of alphabet.

The monograph should deal not only with modal scales (their range, ambitus, "centonized" gestures, cadences, and structural application in music) but would similarly need to deal with the guitar's alfabeto, the labyrinth of guitar chords, movable chords, transposed chords, the progressions of B quadro and B molle in the alfabeto books, and so forth.

1987, Journal of the Lute Society of America, volumes 17-18, page 127:

Composers for harpsichord, lute, viol, and guitar often placed chords or ornaments on notes in the positions of those strummed downward in the alfabeto tablatures, and composers for all instruments gave longer values to many of them.

1987, Betty Bang Mather, Dance Rhythms of the French Baroque: A Handbook for Performance, page 30:

In the Italian system, each letter of the alfabeto represents a chord formation on the guitar (the letter A, for example, represents a G-major chord).

1993, Stanley Yates, The baroque guitar, late Spanish style as represented by Santiago de Murcia in the Salvidar manuscript (1732):

(music, historical) An early Italian alphabetic notation system used to describe chords.


jungle

jungle (countable and uncountable, plural jungles)

→ Catalan: jungla

→ Czech: džungle

→ Danish: jungle

→ Dutch: jungle

→ French: jungle
→ Romanian: junglă

desctree

→ German: Dschungel
→ Hungarian: dzsungel

→ Esperanto: ĝangalo

→ Italian: giungla

→ Japanese: ジャングル (janguru)

→ Korean: 정글 (jeonggeul)

→ Polish: dżungla

→ Russian: джу́нгли (džúngli)
→ Armenian: ջունգլի (ǰungli)
→ Georgian: ჯუნგლი (ǯungli)

→ Serbo-Croatian: džungla

→ Slovak: džungľa

→ Slovene: džungla

→ Spanish: jungla

→ Swedish: djungel

→ Ukrainian: джу́нглі (džúnhli)

→ Welsh: jyngl

/ˈd͡ʒʌŋ.ɡ(ə)l/

Borrowed from Hindustani جَن٘گَل (jaṅgal) / जंगल (jaṅgal), from Sanskrit जङ्गल (jaṅgala, “arid, sterile, desert”). First appears c. 1776 in a translation by Nathaniel Halhed.

der

you can take the monkey out of the jungle, but you can't take the jungle out of the monkey

Always more multiracial than other post-Rave scenes, Hardcore got “blacker” as hiphop, Ragga, dub and Soul influences kicked in, and by 93 it had evolved into Jungle. By this point, Hardcore/Jungle (the terms remain interchangeable) was universally scorned by dance hipsters and banished from the media.

1994 September, Simon Reynolds, “Above The Treeline”, in The Wire:

In large part, happycore was the result of an exodus of white ravers from the jungle scene, in reaction to the influx of black youth and the attendant mood change from bonhomie to surliness.

2013, Simon Reynolds, Generation Ecstasy: Into the World of Techno and Rave Culture, page 291:

electronic dance music
electronic dance music

(music, uncountable) A style of electronic dance music and precursor of drum and bass.


pretty Polly

Polly is a name traditionally given to a pet parrot.

Pretty Polly! Pretty Polly! Squawk! 'Allo! Who's a pretty boy! Squawk! 'Allo! 'Allo!

A phrase traditionally said to parrots, and that parrots are traditionally taught to speak.


transient

en-adj

transient (comparative more transient, superlative most transient)

more transient (comparative)
most transient (superlative)

From Late Latin transiēnt- (for classical transeunt-), stem of transiēns, present participle of transire (“to go over, to pass”).

مُؤَقَّت

passing or disappearing with time; transitory


transient

(acoustics) A relatively loud, non-repeating signal in an audio waveform that occurs very quickly, such as the attack of a snare drum.


catalogue

/ˈkæt.əˌlɒɡ/

/ˈkæt.əˌlɔɡ/

/ˈkæt.əˌlɑɡ/

From Middle English cathaloge, from Old French catalogue, from Late Latin catalogus, itself from Ancient Greek κατάλογος (katálogos, “enrollment, register”), from καταλέγω (katalégō, “to recount, make a list”), from κατα- (kata-, “downwards, towards”) + λέγω (légō, “to say, to speak, to tell”).

katalog

a systematic list of names, books, pictures etc.

(music) A complete list of a recording artist's or a composer's songs.


rock and roll

/ˈɹɒk ən(d)ˈɹəʊl/

From rock (move back and forth) + and + roll; originally a verb phrase common among African Americans, meaning "to have sexual intercourse"; it was a euphemism that appeared in song titles since at least 1914 (Trixie Smith's "My Man Rocks Me With One Steady Roll").
As a name for a specific style of popular music from the early 1950s, popularized by disc jockey Alan Freed in reference to the euphemistic use in song titles.

This couple performs rock and roll music when he shreds the electric guitar while his girlfriend plays the drums!

(music) A genre of popular music that evolved in the 1950s from a combination of rhythm and blues and country music, characterized by electric guitars, strong rhythms, and youth-oriented lyrics.


tonic

(music) Pertaining to or based upon the first note of a diatonic scale.


tonic

(music) The first note of a diatonic scale; the keynote.

(music) The triad built on the tonic note.


burner

→ Japanese: バーナー (bānā)

From burn + -er. Merged with and eclipsed related Middle English brennar, brennere (“an incendiary, incinerator”). Compare German Brenner (“burner”), Swedish brännare (“burner”).

In Mississippi, Tom turned an encampment of do-gooder burners into an organization he dubbed Burners Without Borders.

2011, Steven T. Jones, The Tribes of Burning Man:

White Ocean, co-founded by entrepreneurs Timur Sardarov, the son of a Russian oil magnate, and Oliver Ripley, and involving the trance DJ Paul Oakenfold, is viewed as one such camp, although it provides one of Burning Man’s biggest stages and claims to “feed hundreds of non-White Ocean burners a day”.

2016 September 5, Damien Gayle, “Luxury camp at Burning Man festival targeted by 'hooligans'”, in The Guardian:

Tens of thousands of “burners” at the Burning Man festival have been told to stay in the camps, conserve food and water and are being blocked from leaving Nevada’s Black Rock desert after a slow-moving rainstorm turned the event into a mud bath.

2023 September 3, Edward Helmore, “Burning Man festival-goers trapped in desert as rain turns site to mud”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:

(slang) Alternative letter-case form of Burner (“participant in Burning Man”).


bashment

en-noun

bashment (countable and uncountable, plural bashments)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-bashment.wav

(slang, uncountable, music, especially Jamaican) Dancehall music.


paradiddle

/ˈpæɹəˌdɪdəl/

Imitative. May be related to [Attic] Greek, παραδίδωμι (paradídōmi) 1) to give into the hands (of another) 2) to give over into (one's) power or use 2a) to deliver to one something to keep, use, take care of, manage

I mean, as a drummer, you're sitting at a practice pad for hours on end, doing paradiddles and all the exercises you learn for your craft.

2023 December 8, The Big Issue, Melbourne, page 33, column 2:

(music) A percussive exercise (one of 26 drum rudiments per the National Association of Rudimental Drummers or one of 40 per the Percussive Arts Society) which involves playing four even strokes in the order ‘right left right right’ or ‘left right left left.’


kinetic

From Ancient Greek κινητικός (kinētikós, “puts in motion”), from κινέω (kinéō, “I move, put in motion”).


warble

en-verb

warble (third-person singular simple present warbles, present participle warbling, simple past and past participle warbled)

warbles (present singular third-person)
warbling (participle present)
warbled (participle past)
warbled (past)

(transitive) To modulate a tone's frequency.


warble

en-noun

warble (countable and uncountable, plural warbles)

The blackbirds and robins and and^([sic]) tits and finches shout at each other, chups and warbles and chirrups that, loosely translated, mean “Fancy a shag?”, “Get OFF my land” or “I’ve got a great big tonker.”

2015 April 16, Richard P. Grant, “Sex and the successful fundraiser”, in The Guardian:

The sound of one who warbles; singing with trills or modulations.

(military) In naval mine warfare, the process of varying the frequency of sound produced by a narrowband noisemaker to ensure that the frequency to which the mine will respond is covered.


warble

From Middle English werble (at least for the noun), from Frankish *werbel (mole cricket), cognate to Walloon waerbea.

A lesion under the skin of cattle, caused by the larva of a bot fly of genus Hypoderma.

varron

lesion under the skin of cattle, caused by by the larva of a bot fly


strum

hear the strum of a guitar

The sound made by playing various strings of a stringed instrument simultaneously.


effulgence

effulgence (countable and uncountable, plural effulgences)

From Latin ex- (“out of, from”) and fulgere (“to shine”).

He stood for a moment taking in the effulgence.

1875, Henry James, Roderick Hudson, New York Edition 1909, hardcover, page 457

[...]-the clear effulgence of the stars by night-[...].

1826, [Mary Shelley], chapter XII, in The Last Man. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC:

A state of being bright and radiant, splendor, brilliance.


set theory

set theory (usually uncountable, plural set theories)

(music) Musical set theory, a systematic approach to describing musical objects and their relationships.


quartz halogen lamp

quartz halogen lamp (plural quartz halogen lamps)

An incandescent light bulb in which the envelope is made of quartz instead of glass, and the filament is surrounded by an atmosphere of a halogen gas, usually iodine.


barbecue

barbecue (countable and uncountable, plural barbecues)

→ Cebuano: barbekyu

→ Tagalog: barbikyu

From mid-17th century. Borrowed from Spanish barbacoa, from Taíno barbakoa (“framework of sticks”), the raised wooden structure the natives used to either sleep on or cure meat. Originally “meal of roasted meat or fish”. Doublet of balbacua and barbacoa.

Drying the coffee beans took place in a barbecue, basically a large, flat platform, where the pulped coffee beans could be laid out and turned as they dried. Barbecues were often walled around and raised above ground level.

2000, Andrew Gerald Gravette, Architectural Heritage of the Caribbean, page 227:

A floor on which coffee beans are sun-dried.


bagpipes

bagpipes pl (normally plural, singular bagpipe)

From earlier bagpipe, from Middle English bagpipe; equivalent to bag + pipes.

Bagpipes are traditionally played in most Celtic regions and many former parts of the British Empire.

“Iʼll tell you something: there is nothing in the world like the sound of the bagpipes to raise a manʼs morale, to lift his spirits, and give him strength.”

2005, Jennifer Worth, Shadows of the Workhouse, Weidenfeld & Nicholson (2009), page 250:

A musical wind instrument possessing a flexible bag inflated by bellows, a double-reed melody pipe and up to four drone pipes; any aerophone that produces sound using air from a reservoir to vibrate enclosed reeds.


musical instrument

musical instrument (plural musical instruments)

From Middle English musical instrumentis pl, musicalle instrumentes pl.

A device, object, contrivance or machine used to produce musical notes or sounds.

musiekinstrument

a device, object, contrivance or machine used to produce musical notes or sounds

See Appendix:Glossary of musical instrument classification


tip

From Middle English tip, typ, tippe, probably from an unrecorded Old English *typpa, *typpe, from Proto-Germanic *tuppijô, *tuppijǭ (“tip”), diminutive of *tuppaz (“top”).
Cognates
Cognate with Saterland Frisian Tip (“tip”), West Frisian tippe, tip (“tip”), Dutch tip (“tip”), German Low German Tip, Tippel (“tip”), dialectal German Zipf (“tip”) (diminutive Zipfel used in Standard German), Danish tip (“tip”), Swedish tipp (“tip”), Icelandic typpi (“knob, pin, penis”). Compare also Saterland Frisian Timpe (“tip”), West Frisian timpe (“tip”), Old English tæppa, Albanian thep (“tip, point”).

(music) The end of a bow of a stringed instrument that is not held.


voiceless

A voiceless song in an ageless light / Sings at the coming dawn / Birds in flight are calling there / Where the heart moves the stones / It's there that my heart is calling / All for the love of you.

1994, Loreena McKennitt, The Mystic's Dream:


fugue

Borrowed from French fugue, from Italian fuga (“flight, ardor”), from Latin fuga (“act of fleeing”), from fugiō (“to flee”); compare Ancient Greek φυγή (phugḗ). Apparently from the metaphor that the first part starts alone on its course, and is pursued by later parts.

(music) A contrapuntal piece of music wherein a particular melody is played in a number of voices, each voice introduced in turn by playing the melody.


bleep

bleep (countable and uncountable, plural bleeps)

See, there are a huge number of people in this city who look like goths and talk the talk and claim to enjoy much of the same music I do, so it confuses me somewhat that the clubs all play bleep. I would have thought there would be enough people to make something else work.

2005, Jennie Kermode, “What is gothic?”, in alt.gothic (Usenet):

A number of nights now steer away from the EBM of yesteryear. The scene is alive and kicking with plenty of new bands that aren't reliant on synths. All you have to do is look. At InsanitoriuM we have a large, young, crowd that would up and leave if we started playing bleep at them, and we're not alone.

2005, oldgoth, “Theaving^([sic]) Goths”, in uk.people.gothic (Usenet):

(music, slang, uncountable) A broad genre of electronic music with goth and industrial influences, as opposed to traditional gothic rock.


bleep

en-verb

bleep (third-person singular simple present bleeps, present participle bleeping, simple past and past participle bleeped)

bleeps (present singular third-person)
bleeping (participle present)
bleeped (participle past)
bleeped (past)

(transitive) To edit out inappropriate spoken language in a broadcast by replacing offending words with bleeps.

запикивать

to edit out inappropriate spoken language in a broadcast by replacing offending words with bleeps


incandescent

en-adj

incandescent (comparative more incandescent, superlative most incandescent)

more incandescent (comparative)
most incandescent (superlative)

Borrowed from French incandescent, from Latin incandescens, from incandesco (“be heated, glow”), from in- (intensifying prefix) + candesco (“become white”), from candidus (“white”).

af

We will all go together when we go / All suffused with an incandescent glow

1959, Tom Lehrer (lyrics and music), “We Will All Go Together When We Go”:

Emitting light as a result of being heated.


idiomatic

en-adj

idiomatic (comparative more idiomatic, superlative most idiomatic)

more idiomatic (comparative)
most idiomatic (superlative)

From Ancient Greek ἰδιωματικός (idiōmatikós, “related to an idiom”), from ἰδίωμα (idíōma, “idiom”).

uder

(music) Relating to parts or pieces which are written both within the natural physical limitations of the instrument and human body and, less so or less often, the styles of playing used on specific instruments.

idiomatyczny

parts or pieces of or styles of playing music


halogen

From Ancient Greek ἅλς (háls, “salt" or "sea”) + γεν- (gen-), "to produce" (coined by Berzelius in 1842).

der

A light fixture in which the filament is surrounded by an atmosphere of a halogen gas.


overhaul

/ˈəʊvəˌhɔːl/

/ˌəʊvəˈhɔːl/

(firefighting) The process after the fire appears extinguished in which the firefighters search the structure for signs of hot spots that may cause the structure to reignite. Often this includes the process of salvage under the blanket term, salvage and overhaul.


brunette

Borrowed from French brunette, the feminine form of brunet, from brun (“brown”). Doublet of burnet.

A person, especially female, with brown hair.

سَمْرَاء

a person, especially female, with brown hair


zufolo

(music) A little flute or flageolet, especially that which is used to teach birds.


Americana

/əˌmɛɹɪˈkænə/

/əˌmɛɹɪˈkɑːnə/

/əˌmɛɹɪˈkeɪnə/

The music that became Americana crossed racial lines very early, becoming one of the major integrating forces in America. The chapter shows how artists such as Buddy Holly and the Everly Brothers were creating and playing Americana long before we had a name for what they were doing.

2017, Michael Scott Cain, The Americana Revolution, Rowman & Littlefield, →ISBN, page xxx:

A quarter-century later, the Band’s music provided a key template for the acts first labeled Americana, including Son Volt, Wilco and Lucinda Williams, as well as for their sonic heirs.

[2023 August 9, “Robbie Robertson, 80, Dies; Canadian Songwriter Captured American Spirit”, in The New York Times:

(music) An amalgam of roots musics formed by the confluence of the shared and varied traditions that make up the American musical ethos; specifically those sounds that are merged from folk, country, blues, rhythm and blues, rock and roll and other external influential styles.


pluck

en-verb

pluck (third-person singular simple present plucks, present participle plucking, simple past and past participle plucked or (obsolete) pluckt)

plucks (present singular third-person)
plucking (participle present)
plucked (participle past)
plucked (past)
pluckt (obsolete participle past)
pluckt (obsolete past)

From Middle English plucken, plukken, plockien, from Old English pluccian, ploccian (“to pluck, pull away, tear”), also Old English plyċċan ("to pluck, pull, snatch; pluck with desire"), from Proto-Germanic *plukkōną, *plukkijaną (“to pluck”), of uncertain and disputed origin. Perhaps related to Old English pullian (“to pull, draw; pluck off; snatch”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian plukje (“to pluck”), West Frisian plôkje (“to pick, pluck”), Dutch plukken (“to pluck”), Limburgish plógte (“to pluck”), Low German plukken (“to pluck”), German pflücken (“to pluck, pick”), Danish and Norwegian plukke (“to pick”), Swedish plocka (“to pick, pluck, cull”), Icelandic plokka, plukka (“to pluck, pull”). More at pull.
An alternative etymology suggests Proto-Germanic *plukkōną, *plukkijaną may have been borrowed from an assumed Vulgar Latin *pilūc(i)cāre, a derivative of Latin pilāre (“deprive of hair, make bald, depilate”), from pilus (“hair”). The Oxford English Dictionary, however, finds difficulties with this and cites gaps in historical evidence.
The noun sense of "heart, liver, and lights of an animal" comes from it being plucked out of the carcass after the animal is killed; the sense of "fortitude, boldness" derives from this meaning, originally being a boxing slang denoting a prize-ring, with semantic development from "heart", the symbol of courage, to "fortitude, boldness".

cog

Whereas a piano strikes the string, a harpsichord plucks it.

(transitive, music) To play (a single string on a musical instrument) by pulling and then releasing it, such as on a guitar.

彈撥

music: to play a single string by pulling and then releasing it


fi

(music) The solfeggio syllable used to indicate the sharp of the fourth note of a major scale.


cadenza

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-cadenza.wav

Borrowed from Italian cadenza, from Latin cadentia. Doublet of cadence and chance.

Yes, laugh, as I want to laugh for instance in the concert hall when the orchestra trundles to a stop and the virtuoso at his piano, hunched like a demented vet before the bared teeth of this enormous black beast of sound, lifts up deliquescent hands and prepares to plunge into the cadenza.

(music) A part of a piece of music, such as a concerto, that is very decorative and is played by a single musician.


zoppo

(music) Alternately with and without syncopation.


filk

Originally "filk music" was a typo for "folk music" in a never-published essay on the influence of Science Fiction and Fantasy on folk music. Its first known deliberate use was by Karen Kruse Anderson in Die Zeitschrift für Vollständigen Unsinn (The Journal for Utter Nonsense) #774 (June 1953), for a song written by science-fiction author Poul Anderson.

The blame/credit (choose one) for the first filk song is a little dubious. Like the man who tried to sit on two stools, it falls in the middle, between Poul Anderson who wrote a filk song called Barbarous Allen and Karen Anderson who egged him on and published it in Zed #774.

1955 June, Karen Anderson, Poul Anderson (writing as "Petronius Arbiter Kingsley"), “Filk Song”, in Die Zeitschrift für Vollständigen Unsinn (aka The Zed), number 780, page 13:

And the permanent exhibit area offers a filk performance on a small stage so that neophytes can sample more esoteric interests.

2000, Camille Bacon-Smith, Science Fiction Culture, University of Pennsylvania Press, →ISBN, page 38:

2006, Robert T. Balder, quoted in Attitude 3: The New Subversive Online Cartoonists, Nantier Beall Minoustchine Publishing, →ISBN, page 97,
I’m also involved in what is called filk music. This is music for and by fans of Fantasy and Science Fiction. […] Filk is nearly as big a part of my creative life as comics, and I have similarly made many friends among the creative people in that community.

Music can be very important in fan texts and activities. Fans write and perform songs at gatherings about characters from television shows, not unlike the way that folk songs are sung in folk clubs. This can be seen in the name of this fan form: filk song. According to Jenkins [in Textual Poachers: Television Fans and Participatory Culture], filk songs take their cue from commercial culture. They are about the characters from commercial television series, but ‘Filk turns commercial culture back into folk culture, existing as a mediator between two musical traditions. Its raw materials come from commercial culture; its logic is from folk culture’ (1992: 270).

2007, Brian Longhurst, Popular Music and Society, Polity, →ISBN, page 236:

(music) About or inspired by science fiction, fantasy, horror, science, and/or subjects of interest to fans of speculative fiction; frequently, being a song whose lyrics have been altered to refer to science fiction; parodying. (However, much filk music is original rather than parodic.)


movement

en-noun

movement (countable and uncountable, plural movements)

From Middle English mevement, from Old French movement (modern French mouvement), from movoir + -ment; cf. also Medieval Latin movimentum, from Latin movere (“move”). Doublet of moment and momentum. In this sense, displaced native Old English styring, which led to Modern English stirring.
Morphologically move + -ment.

eye movement desensitization and reprocessing

Beethoven's movements

(music) A large division of a larger composition.

樂章

music: division of a larger musical composition

(music) Melodic progression, accentual character, tempo or pace.


clamshell

(often attributive) Any object with some other resemblance to either one or both halves of the shell of a clam.

(music) An amphitheater, especially an outdoor amphitheater; the semi-circular acoustic backdrop behind and above the performers.


hum

From Middle English hummen (“to hum, buzz, drone, make a murmuring sound to cover embarrassment”); akin to Dutch hommelen (“to bumble, buzz”), dialectal Dutch hommen (“to buzz, hum”), Middle High German hummen (“to hum”), probably ultimately of imitative origin.

onomatopoeic

imitative

you do provide me hum enough , And lour to bouse with

c. 1622, John Fletcher, Philip Massinger [et al.?], “Beggars Bush”, in Comedies and Tragedies […], London: […] Humphrey Robinson, […], and for Humphrey Moseley […], published 1647, →OCLC, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, and the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):


hum

en-verb

hum (third-person singular simple present hums, present participle humming, simple past and past participle hummed)

hums (present singular third-person)
humming (participle present)
hummed (participle past)
hummed (past)

onomatopoeic

imitative

The leaves of the foreſt were loaded with manna, pure amber dropped from every bough, honey diſtilled from the rifted rock, and the humming bee, drunk with joy, ſtrayed from flower to flower, forgetful of his burſting cells.

1769, Firishta, translated by Alexander Dow, Tales translated from the Persian of Inatulla of Delhi, volume I, Dublin: P. and W. Wilson et al., page iv:

A slight gloom fell upon the table. Jacob was helping himself to jam; the postman was talking to Rebecca in the kitchen; there was a bee humming at the yellow flower which nodded at the open window.

1922 October 26, Virginia Woolf, chapter 2, in Jacob’s Room, Richmond, London: […] Leonard & Virginia Woolf at the Hogarth Press, →OCLC; republished London: The Hogarth Press, 1960, →OCLC:

(intransitive) To drone like certain insects naturally do in motion, or sounding similarly.

бръмча

to drone like certain insects naturally do in motion

(intransitive) To produce low sounds which blend continuously

мънкам

to produce low sounds which blend continuously


poppy

en-adj

poppy (comparative poppier or more poppy, superlative poppiest or most poppy)

poppier (comparative)
more poppy (comparative)
poppiest (superlative)
most poppy (superlative)

From pop(ular) + -y (suffix forming adjectives with the sense ‘having the quality of’).

suffix

I thought Sparks were great; they were very poppy for Island Records. They were considered an oddity but you have to remember that at the time Roxy Music, now everyone's seminal band, were seen as very poppy.

2010, Daryl Easlea, “Island Life”, in Talent is an Asset: The Story of Sparks, London, New York, N.Y.: Omnibus Press, →ISBN:

(music) Typical of, or in the style of, pop music.


concerto

/kənˈt͡ʃɛɹtoʊ/

From Italian concerto. Doublet of concert.

(music) A piece of music for one or more solo instruments and orchestra.

協奏曲

a piece of music for one or more solo instruments and orchestra


mixture

en-noun

mixture (countable and uncountable, plural mixtures)

From Middle English, borrowed from Old French misture, from Latin mixtūra (“a mixing”), from mixtus, perfect passive participle of misceō (“mix”); compare mix.


will o' the wisp

will o' the wisp (plural will o' the wisps)

/ˌwɪləðəˈwɪsp/

Will (“male given name”) + of + the + wisp (“bundle of straw or hay used as a torch”)

Any of several kinds of pale, flickering light, appearing over marshland in many parts of the world with diverse folkloric explanations and multiple possible scientific explanations including bioluminescence and chemiluminescence.

1988, Michael Weikath, "Keeper of the Seven Keys", Helloween, Keeper of the Seven Keys: Part II.
Will o' the wisps / Misguiding your path / You can't throw a curse / Without takin' their wrath

(British folklore) A flickering light or lantern, especially over bogs, swamps or marshes, held by a supernatural creature who uses it to lure travelers at night to their demise.

Some preliminary legal arrangements were made, but the scheme proceeded no further, as the various local authorities concerned were unwilling to speculate public funds on what was, even at that date, a will o' the wisp.

1951 May, R. K. Kirkland, “The Cavan & Leitrim Railway”, in Railway Magazine, page 345:

I happen to think the brothers’ pi project is a will-o’-the-wisp, and is one of the least interesting things they’ve ever done. But what do I know?

1992 March 2, Richard Preston, “The Mountains of Pi”, in The New Yorker:

(idiomatic) A delusionary or otherwise unachievable goal that one feels compelled to pursue.


boogie

(informal, US) A piece of solid or semisolid mucus in or removed from the nostril cavity.


boogie

Come on girls, let's get on the dancefloor and have a boogie!

(informal) Any relatively energetic dance to pop or rock music.

(skydiving, informal) A large, organised skydiving event.


shoulder

From Middle English schuldre, sholder, shulder, schulder, from Old English sculdra, sculdor (“shoulder”), from Proto-West Germanic *skuldru (“shoulder”), of uncertain origin. Perhaps related to Proto-Germanic *skelduz (“shield”), see shield. Cognate with Old Frisian skuldere (“shoulder”) (West Frisian skouder (“shoulder”)), Middle Low German scholder (“shoulder”), Low German Schuller (“shoulder”), Dutch schouder (“shoulder”), German Schulter (“shoulder”).

inh

you can't put an old head on young shoulders

(of an object) The portion between the neck and the body.

(music) The rounded portion of a stringed instrument where the neck joins the body.


good night

Sranan Tongo: kuneti

Probably a shortening of "May you have a good night."

A farewell said in the evening or before going to sleep.


hopper

From Middle English hoppere, alteration of *hoppe (found in grashoppe (“grasshopper”)), from Old English *hoppa (“one who hops, hopper”), equivalent to hop + -er. Cognate with Dutch hopper (“hopper”), Swedish hoppare (“hopper, jumper”), Icelandic hoppari (“hopper”).


terminator

[ˈtɜː.mɪ.næɪ.ɾə]

* Partly from post-classical Latin terminator (5th century), from Latin terminō; partly from terminate + -or.
* (android that kills humans): After the 1984 film The Terminator.

(electronics) An electrical device that absorbs reflection at the end of a transmission line.


groan

From Middle English gronen, granen, from Old English grānian (“to groan; lament; murmur”), from Proto-West Germanic *grainōn, from Proto-Germanic *grainōną (“to howl; weep”), from Proto-Germanic *grīnaną (“to whine; howl; whimper”).
Cognate with Scots grain (“to cry, scream”), Dutch grijnen, grienen (“to cry; sob; blubber”), German Low German grienen (“to whimper; mewl”), German greinen (“to whine; whimper”), Swedish grina (“to howl; weep; laugh”).
The noun is from Middle English gron, grone, from the verb.

cog

A low, mournful sound uttered in pain or grief.

A low, guttural sound uttered in frustration, disapproval, or ecstasy.

стон

low guttural sound uttered in frustration or disapproval

(of an object) A low creaking sound from applied pressure or weight.


groan

en-verb

groan (third-person singular simple present groans, present participle groaning, simple past and past participle groaned)

groans (present singular third-person)
groaning (participle present)
groaned (participle past)
groaned (past)

That night the table in the outer dining room was just groaning with good things.

1943, H. Lorna Bingham, The Lost Tribe, Sydney: Winn and Co., page 14, column 1:

(figurative) To seemingly creak under the strain of being heavily laden.

Nothing but holy, pure, and clear, / Or that which groaneth to be so.

[1633], George Herbert, edited by [Nicholas Ferrar], The Temple. Sacred Poems, and Private Ejaculations, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: […] Thomas Buck and Roger Daniel; and are to be sold by Francis Green, […], →OCLC:

(obsolete) To strive after earnestly, as if with groans.


eminence

en-noun

eminence (countable and uncountable, plural eminences)

obscurity

antonym(s) of “someone of high rank, reputation or social status”

mediocrity

antonym(s) of “the quality or state of being eminent”

From Old French eminence, from Latin ēminēntia (“prominence”, “protuberance”; “eminence”, “excellence”).

uder

title of honor for a Roman Catholic cardinal

For quotations using this term, see Citations:eminence.

eminence:


Selene

From the Ancient Greek Σελήνη (Selḗnē, proper noun), from σέλας (sélas, “light”).

der

Balancing Arria is the union of Selene and Endymion. In the center of the main panel Selene descends from her chariot, whose horses are held by a nymph, to join Endymion, who lies to the right.

1999, Mark P. O. Morford, Robert J. Lenardon, Classical Mythology, page 43:

In the other, more famous story, the moon goddess Selene fell in love with him^([Endymion]) while he was asleep.

2005, Marshall Cavendish Corporation, Gods, Goddesses, and Mythology, volume 4, page 473:

This fragmentary front panel of a sarcophagus preserves two episodes from the story of Endymion and Selene. Selene, goddess of the moon, fell in love with Endymion, a beautiful young mortal.

2010, J. Paul Getty Trust, Kenneth Lapatin, Karol Wight, editors, The J. Paul Getty Museum Handbook of the Antiquities Collection, 2nd edition, page 169:

(Greek mythology) The goddess of the Moon.

“Selene, I am going to get you out of bed and sit you in the chair for a minute. I want to put this heavy blanket and sheet on your bed so it will keep your new bedding clean.”

2008, Diane M. Unger, A Colonial Lieutenant Beckons, page 143:

In the opening sequence of the film Underworld (2004), the beautiful vampire assassin Selene, clad in tight black rubber and leather, is perched beside gargoyles on top of a soaring Gothic tower.

2012, Johan Höglund, “10: Militarizing the Vampire: Underworld and the Desire of the Military Entertainment Complex”, in Tabish Khair, Johan Höglund, editors, Transnational and Postcolonial Vampires: Dark Blood, page 173:

We also made arrangements with my sister Marion and brother-in-law Richard for Selene to stay with them over long school holidays, like Thanksgiving and Easter, when the campus would be closed for a few days.

2013, Arnold E. van Beverhoudt, Jr., Island Boy: My Life on the Rock, page 157:


chuck

en-verb

chuck (third-person singular simple present chucks, present participle chucking, simple past and past participle chucked)

chucks (present singular third-person)
chucking (participle present)
chucked (participle past)
chucked (past)

Onomatopoeic dialect term for chicken, imitative of a hen's cluck.

Who would not chuck to see such pleasing sport.
To see such troupes of gallants still resort
unto Cornutos shop.

1598, John Marston, “Satyre IV”, in The Metamorphosis of Pigmalions Image, and Certaine Satyres (poem):


chuck

Probably from Old French chuquer, later choquer (“to knock, hit”).

(music) On rhythm guitar or mandolin etc., the muting of a chord by lifting the fretting fingers immediately after strumming, producing a percussive effect.


chuck

(music) On rhythm guitar or mandolin etc.: to mute a chord by lifting the fretting fingers immediately after strumming, producing a percussive effect.


authentic

en-adj

authentic (comparative more authentic, superlative most authentic)

more authentic (comparative)
most authentic (superlative)

non-authentic

antonym(s) of “not of the claimed origin”

From Middle English authentik, from Old French autentique, from Latin authenticus, from Ancient Greek αὐθεντικός (authentikós, “principal, genuine”), from Ancient Greek αὐθέντης (authéntēs, “lord, master”).

der

Designating a mode having the final as the lowest note.

Designating a cadence in which the dominant chord precedes the tonic.


whisper

en-verb

whisper (third-person singular simple present whispers, present participle whispering, simple past and past participle whispered)

whispers (present singular third-person)
whispering (participle present)
whispered (participle past)
whispered (past)

From Middle English whisperen, from Old English hwisprian (“to mutter, murmur, whisper”), from Proto-West Germanic *hwisprōn, from Proto-Germanic *hwisprōną (“to hiss, whistle, whisper”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱweys-, *ḱwey- (“to hiss, whistle, whisper”).
Cognate with Dutch wisperen (“to whisper”), German wispern (“to mumble, whisper”). Related also to Danish hviske (“to whisper”), Icelandic hvískra (“to whisper”), Norwegian Bokmål hviske, kviskre (“to whisper”), Norwegian Nynorsk kviskre, kviskra (“to whisper”), Swedish viska (“to whisper”). More at English whistle.

inh

the hollow, whispering breeze

a. 1749 (date written), James Thomson, “Spring”, in The Seasons, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, and sold by Thomas Cadell, […], published 1768, →OCLC:

[…] hear thy laurel whisper sweet
About the ledges of the hill.

1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, Canto XXXVII, page 57:

(intransitive) To make a low, sibilant sound.


transition

en-noun

transition (countable and uncountable, plural transitions)

/tɹænˈzɪʃən/

/tɹænˈsɪʃən/

/tɹɑːnˈzɪʃən/

/tɹænˈzɪʃən/

Etymology tree
Middle French transitionbor.
English transition
From Middle French transition, from Latin transitio.

etymon

filtered-popping recursive transition network

(music) A brief modulation; a passage connecting two themes.


rush

en-verb

rush (third-person singular simple present rushes, present participle rushing, simple past and past participle rushed)

rushes (present singular third-person)
rushing (participle present)
rushed (participle past)
rushed (past)

Perhaps from Middle English ruschen, russchen (“to rush, startle, make a loud rushing noise”), from Old English hrysċan (“to jolt, startle”), from Proto-West Germanic *hurskijan, from Proto-Germanic *hurskijaną (“to startle, drive”), from *hurskaz (“fast, rapid, quick”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱers- (“to run, hurry”).
Cognate with Old High German hursken (“to hurry, speed, incite, accelerate”), Old English horsc (“quick, quick-witted, clever”).
etymology note
An alternative etymology traces rush via Middle English rouschen (“to rush”) from Old English *rūscian (“to rush”) from Proto-Germanic *rūskōną (“to rush, storm, be fierce, be cruel”), a variant (with formative k) of Proto-Germanic *rūsōną (“to be cruel, storm, rush”) from Proto-Indo-European *(o)rewə- (“to drive, move, agitate”), making it akin to Old High German rosc, rosci (“quick”), Middle Low German rûschen (“to rush”), Middle High German rūschen, riuschen (“to rush”) (German rauschen (“to rush”)), North Frisian ruse (“to rush”), Middle Dutch ruuscen (“to make haste”), Middle Dutch rūsen (“to rush”) (Dutch ruisen (“to rush”)), Danish ruse (“to rush”), Swedish rusa (“to rush”). Compare Middle High German rūsch (“a charge, rush”). Influenced by Middle English russhen (“to force back”) from Anglo-Norman russher, russer from Old French ruser, rëuser.
Alternatively, according to the OED, perhaps an adaptation of Anglo-Norman russher, russer (“to force back, down, out of place, by violent impact", "to pull out or drag off violently or hastily”), from Old French re(h)usser, ruser (although the connection of the forms with single -s- and double -ss- is dubious; also adopted in English ruse; French ruser (“to retreat, drive back”)), from an assumed Vulgar Latin *refūsāre and Latin refundō (“I cause to flow back”), although connection to the same Germanic root is also possible. More at rouse.

der

(intransitive, music) To play at a faster tempo than one is supposed to or than the other musicians one is playing with, or to inadvertently gradually increase tempo while one is playing.


telltale

From tell + tale, perhaps dissimilated from earlier taleteller, from Middle English tale tellere (literally “tale teller”).

(music) A movable piece of ivory, lead, or other material, connected to the bellows of an organ, whose position indicates when the wind is exhausted.


skiffle

A type of folk music, with jazz and blues influences, using homemade or improvised instruments.


OPEC

Yes there are analogs in Dune of today’s events—corruption and bribery in the highest places, whole police forces lost to organized crime, regulatory agencies taken over by the people they are supposed to regulate. The scarce water of Dune is an exact analog of oil scarcity. CHOAM is OPEC.

1980 July, Frank Herbert, “Dune Genesis”, in Omni, volume 2, number 10, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 74, column 1:

It was obvious that, if Opec was going to survive much longer, it had to be taken seriously by the world’s major oil companies. So Yamani decided, if the mountain won’t come to Muhammad, Opec had somehow to impose its presence on the oil companies.

1988, Jeffrey Robinson, “The Birth of Opec and the Rise of Yamani”, in Yamani: The Inside Story (Biography/History), New York: Atlantic Monthly Press, published 1989, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 54:

w:Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries

Acronym of Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries.


viola

(botany) Any of several flowering plants, of the genus Viola, including the violets and pansies.


viola

en-noun

viola (plural violas or (senses 1 and 2, uncommon) viole)

From Italian viola, from Old Occitan viola (modern Occitan viula), from Medieval Latin vitula (“stringed instrument”), possibly from Frankish *fiþulā (“violin, fiddle”). Doublet of viol. Also possibly a doublet of fiddle.

der

(music) An organ stop having a similar tone.

(music) A 10-string steel-string acoustic guitar, used in Brazilian folk music.

(music) A berimbau viola, the smallest member of the berimbau used in capoeira music.


twee pop

This belatedness is reflected in Kaya Oakes's suggestion that twee pop begins in the early 1990s, post-Nirvana[…]

2016, Pete Dale, Anyone Can Do It: Empowerment, Tradition and the Punk Underground, Routledge, →ISBN:

(music) A subgenre of indie pop music with simple melodies and lyrics, usually about love.


bumper

Dutch: bumper

Japanese: バンパー (banpā)

Korean: 범퍼 (beompeo)

Russian: ба́мпер (bámper)

(music) An extra musician (not notated in the score) who assists the principal French horn by playing less-exposed passages, so that the principal can save their 'lip' for difficult solos. Also applied to other sections of the orchestra.


trance

en-noun

trance (countable and uncountable, plural trances)

French: trance

From Middle English traunce, from Anglo-Norman transe (“fear of coming evil; passage from life to death”), from transir (“to be numb with fear; to die, pass on”), from Latin trānseō (“to cross over”).

der

(uncountable, music) Short for trance music (“genre of electronic dance music”).


wind chimes

(music) A chime constructed from tubes, rods, bells, etc. made of wood, glass, metal or ceramic, suspended outside a building in such a way that they tinkle pleasantly when moved by the wind.

бятърни камбанки

chime made from suspended wooden, metal, etc. tubes, bells and rods that tinkle when moved by the wind


tango

From Rioplatense Spanish tango, probably from a Niger-Congo language (compare Ibibio tamgu (“to dance”)).

(music) A piece of music suited to such a dance.

tango:

A dark orange colour shade; deep tangerine


regal

From Middle English regal, from Middle French régale, possibly from Old French regol (“a gutter, channel”). Doublet of rail, regula, rigol, and rule.

doublet

(music) A small, portable organ whose sound is produced by brass beating reeds without amplifying resonators. Its tone is keen and rich in harmonics. The regal was common in the 16th and 17th centuries, and has been revived for the performance of music from those times.

(music) An organ stop of the reed family, furnished with a normal beating reed, but whose resonator is a fraction of its natural length. In the 16th and 17th centuries these stops took a multitude of forms. Today only one survives that is of universal currency, the so-called vox humana.


radiant

en-adj

radiant (comparative more radiant, superlative most radiant)

more radiant (comparative)
most radiant (superlative)

From Middle English radyant, from Latin radiāns, radiantis, present participle of radiāre (“to emit rays or beams”).

the radiant sun


conduct

en-verb

conduct (third-person singular simple present conducts, present participle conducting, simple past and past participle conducted)

conducts (present singular third-person)
conducting (participle present)
conducted (participle past)
conducted (past)

From Late Latin conductus (“defense, escort”), from Latin conductus, perfect passive participle of condūcō (“bring together”); see also conduce. Doublet of conduit.

der

For a while, Walter Pohlmann, a well-known German conductor, conducted the orchestra in Compound 3. Later, Willi Mets, who had conducted the world-renowned Leipzig Symphony Orchestra, conducted the Compound 3 orchestra.

2006, Michael R. Waters, Mark Long, William Dickens, Lone Star Stalag: German Prisoners of War at Camp Hearne:

(transitive, music) To direct, as the leader in the performance of a musical composition.


peony

From Old English peonie, peonia et al., from Latin paeōnia; later reinforced by Anglo-Norman peonie, Old French peone, from Latin paeōnia, from Hellenistic Ancient Greek παιωνία (paiōnía), from Ancient Greek Παιών (Paiṓn, “Paeon, the physician of the gods”)/παιών (paiṓn, “a physician”).

The root of the Male Peony fresh gathered has been found by experience to cure the falling-sickness.

1653, Nicholas Culpeper, The English Physician Enlarged, Folio Society, published 2007, page 219:

'Twas early June, the new grass was flourishing everywheres, the posies in the yard—peonies and such—in full bloom, the sun was shining, and the water of the bay was blue, with light green streaks where the shoal showed.

1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter I, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y., London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:

Peony would keep away any kind of storms. Mugwort hung over doorways on Midsummer's Day, June 24, would keep off lightning, as St. John's-Wort would if gathered before sunrise on that day.

1940, Rosetta E. Clarkson, Green Enchantments: The Magic Spell of Gardens, The Macmillan Company, page 258:

Mr. Farzan’s narrow backyard in Brooklyn’s South Slope neighborhood is a lush, if slightly chaotic, oasis. There are Fuji apples, Meyer lemons, figs, peonies and avocados — although that’s far from a complete census of all that grows there.

2023 September 29, Molly Fitzpatrick, “He’s the Pawpaw King of Brooklyn. (What’s a Pawpaw?)”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

A flowering plant of the genus Paeonia with large fragrant flowers.


petunia

From New Latin Petunia, from (now obsolete) French pétun (“the tobacco plant”), from Portuguese petum (“tobacco”), from Paraguayan Guaraní pety.

Usually petunias are quite pest free, but aphids are occasional problems.

2002, Larry Hodgson, Annuals for Every Purpose, page 57:

The small purple petunias are produced in profusion and without ceasing during the entire season.

2003, Norman Winter, Tough-As-Nails Flowers for the South, page 39:

Closely related calibrachoas, often called miniature petunias, offer dainty petunia-like blossoms that are perfect for planting in pots.
No matter what type of petunias you choose, they all prefer plenty of sun.

2013, Jan Riggenbach, Your Midwest Garden: An Owner's Manual, page 18:

Any of the flowering plants of genus Petunia, of which most garden varieties are hybrids.

petunia:

A dark purple colour, like that of some petunia flowers.


petunia

Of a dark purple colour, like that of some petunia flowers.


carbon black

(petrochemistry) A fine black powder of amorphous carbon manufactured by the incomplete combustion of natural gas or oil, and used as a pigment in the manufacture of ink and paint. Used as a filler in rubber like polymers and rubber. It helps the polymers resist deterioration by ultraviolet rays.


daffodil

en-noun

daffodil (countable and uncountable, plural daffodils)

Variant of Middle English affodill (“ramson”), from Medieval Latin affodillus, from Latin asphodelus, from Ancient Greek ἀσφόδελος (asphódelos), of Pre-Greek origin. The initial d- is perhaps from merging of the article in Dutch de affodil, the Netherlands being a source for bulbs (compare adder, apron, newt, nickname, orange and umpire for this rebracketing process). Doublet of asphodel.

When daffadils begin to peere, / With heigh the Doxy ouer the dale, / Why then comes in the ſweet o’ the yeere, / For the red blood raigns in yͤ winters pale.

c. 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Winters Tale”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii], page 290, column 1:

I wandered lonely as a Cloud / That floats on high o’er Vales and Hills, / When all at once I saw a crowd / A host of dancing Daffodills; / Along the Lake, beneath the trees, / Ten thousand dancing in the breeze.

1807, William Wordsworth, “[I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud]”, in Poems, in Two Volumes, volume II, London: […] Longman, Hurst, Rees, and Orme, […], →OCLC, stanza 1, page 49:

Was there ever a more beautiful name in the world than daffodil? Say it over to yourself, and then say “agapanthus” or “chrysanthemum,” or anything else you please, and tell me if the daffodils do not have it.

1919 November 20, A[lan] A[lexander] Milne, “Daffodils”, in Not That It Matters, New York, N.Y.: E[dward] P[ayson] Dutton & Company […], published 1920, →OCLC, page 82:

(countable) A bulbous plant of the genus Narcissus, with yellow flowers and a trumpet shaped corona, especially Narcissus pseudonarcissus, the national flower of Wales.

daffodil:

Where ships of purple gently toss / On seas of daffodil, / Fantastic sailors mingle, / And then—the wharf is still.

a. 1887 (date written), Emily Dickinson, “Where Ships of purple gently toss”, in Mabel Loomis Todd and T[homas] W[entworth] Higginson, editors, Poems, Second Series, Boston, Mass.: Roberts Brothers, published 1891, page 11:

A brilliant yellow color, like that of a daffodil.


daffodil

en-adj

daffodil (comparative more daffodil, superlative most daffodil)

more daffodil (comparative)
most daffodil (superlative)

Of a brilliant yellow color, like that of a daffodil.


tinkle

en-verb

tinkle (third-person singular simple present tinkles, present participle tinkling, simple past and past participle tinkled)

tinkles (present singular third-person)
tinkling (participle present)
tinkled (participle past)
tinkled (past)

From Middle English tinclen, equivalent to tink + -le (frequentative suffix).

The glasses tinkled together as they were placed on the table.

The sprightly horse / Moves to the music of his tinkling bells.

With a sound like tinkling bells, far off in a land of shepherds hidden by some hill, the waters of many fountains turned again home.

1906, Lord Dunsany [i.e., Edward Plunkett, 18th Baron of Dunsany], Time and the Gods, London: William Heineman, →OCLC, page 1:

(intransitive) To make light metallic sounds, rather like a very small bell.


ornamentation

en-noun

ornamentation (countable and uncountable, plural ornamentations)

(music) Short notes added to a composition to emphasize certain notes and to add style.


geranium

From Latin geranium, from Ancient Greek γερᾰ́νῐον (geránion), from γέρᾰνος (géranos, “crane”) + -ῐον (-ion, diminutive suffix).

af

The common name for flowering plants of the genus Pelargonium.

geranium:

A bright red color tinted with orange, like that of a scarlet geranium.


geranium

en-adj

geranium (comparative more geranium, superlative most geranium)

more geranium (comparative)
most geranium (superlative)

Of a bright red color tinted with orange, like that of a scarlet geranium.


canonical

canonical (comparative more canonical, superlative most canonical)

more canonical (comparative)
most canonical (superlative)


arena

en-noun

arena (plural arenas or arenae or arenæ)

arenas (plural)
arenae (plural)
arenæ (plural)

Borrowed from Latin arēna (“sand, arena”), from an earlier *hasēna (compare Sabine fasēna), possibly from Etruscan.

The gladiators entered the arena.

(historical) The sand-covered centre of an amphitheatre where contests were held in Ancient Rome.

arenë

the sand-covered centre of an amphitheatre


sitar

From Hindi सितार (sitār) / Urdu ستار (sitār), from Classical Persian سهتار (si-tār, literally “three strings”). Doublet of setar.

der

(music) A Hindustani/Indian classical stringed instrument, typically having a gourd as its resonating chamber.


scream

From Middle English scremen, scræmen, probably from a fusion of Middle Dutch scremen (“to yell; shout”) and Old Norse skræma (“to terrify; scare”); compare Dutch schremen (“to shout; yell; cry”), Swedish skrämma (“to spook; frighten”), Danish skræmme (“to scare”), West Frisian skrieme (“to weep”). Compare also Swedish skräna (“to yell; shout; howl”), Dutch schreien (“to cry; weep”), German schreien (“to scream”). Related to shriek, skrike.

A loud, emphatic, exclamation of extreme emotion, especially horror, fear, excitement, or anger; it may comprise a word or a sustained, high-pitched vowel sound.

I am tender-hearted by nature, and have found my eyes moist many a time over the scream of a wounded hare.

1912, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Lost World […], London; New York, N.Y.: Hodder and Stoughton, →OCLC:

A loud vocalisation of many animals, especially in response to pain or fear.

(music) A form of singing associated with the metal and screamo styles of music. It is a loud, rough, distorted version of the voice; rather than the normal voice of the singer.