Luna

From Middle English lune, luna (“the moon”), from Latin lūna/Lūna, from Proto-Indo-European *lówksneh₂. Doublet of Roxane.

(Roman mythology) The sister of Aurora and Sol; the goddess of the moon; equivalent to the Greek Selene.

Luna that ne'er shines by day.

1868, George Villiers Duke of Buckingham, Edward Arber, The Rehearsal: With Illustrations from Previous Plays, Etc, page 129:

He has but little prudence, no apprehension of consequences, and none of that melancholy which in tempraments of Luna and Venus is generally felt, and from which he is saved by the combination of Mars and Mercury.

1896, The Era Almanack, Dramatic & Musical, page 22:

The different visible shapes of Luna are called her phases.

1909, Govind H. Keskar, Combined Introductory Astrology, page 14:

Lagrange point L1 is the perfect location for humanity's next major space station, the natural gateway to the moon. This one-of-a-kind point in space is located on the direct line between Earth and Luna about 200,000 miles from Earth, or conversely, a mere 39,000 miles above the geometric center of Luna's nearside.

2011, Charles Lee Lesher, Aldrin Station - Rise of Luna:

(chiefly science fiction or poetic) The name of Earth's moon; Moon.

- - - and it so happened, that in one of old Bryan's daughters named Luna, or more familiarly Loony, he perceived, or thought he perceived, some imaginary similarity in form and air to the lovely apparition.

1837, James Hogg, “The Mysterious Bride”, in Talks and Sketches: The Shepherd's Calendar, Blackie & Son, page 343:

A few seconds later, Luna Lovegood emerged, trailing behind the rest of the class, a smudge of earth on her nose, and her hair tied in a knot on the top of her head.

2003, J. K. Rowling, Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix, Bloomsbury Publishing, →ISBN, page 236:


Luna

4. Luna, a Mantle of Estate, Mars doubled Ermine, ouched Sol, garnished with Strings fastned thereunto fretways dependent, and tasselled of the same. [...] These Arms do belong to the Town of Beckbock in Wales.

1693, Richard Blome, The Art of Heraldry, in two parts ... second edition ..., pages 76-77:

George [...] Ist. Mars, three Lions passant guardant in Pale Sol, for the Arms of England, Impal'd with Scotland, i.e. Sol, a Lion rampant within a double Tressure counterflory Mars. 2d. Jupiter, three Fleurs de Lis Sol, for the Arms of France. 3d. Jupiter, an Irish Harp Sol, stringed Luna, for Ireland. 4th. Seme party per Pale, and per Chevron enarche, in the Ist Mars, two Lions passant guardant Sol, for Brunswick. In the 2d Partition Sol, semy of Hearts Mars, and a Lion rampant Jupiter, armed and langued of the First, for Luneburg. The base is Mars, a Horse currant Luna, over these last on an Inescocheon, Constantine's Crown.

1718, Samuel Kent, The Grammar of Heraldry … Second Edition:

8. Tierce in Mantle, first Mars, two Lions passant-guardant in pale, Sol, for Brunswick; 2d Sol, Semi of Hearts proper, a Lion rampant Jupiter, for Lunenburgh; 3d, ente en Point, Mars, an Horse currant Luna, for Saxony.

1735, Francis Nichols, The Irish Compendium … vol. III of the British Compendium, second edition, page 80:

The third, the Ensign of Ireland, which is, Jupiter, an Harp Sol, stringed Luna.

1737, Benjamin Martin, Bibliotheca Technologica: Or, a Philological Library, page 631:

(heraldry, rare) Argent (silver), in the postmedieval practice of blazoning the tinctures of certain sovereigns' (especially British monarchs') coats as planets.


Mass

en-noun

Mass (countable and uncountable, plural Masses)

From Middle English messe, from Old English mæsse and Old French messe, both from Late Latin missa, from Latin mittō (“to send, dismiss”), compare French messe.
In the ancient churches, the public services at which the catechumens were permitted to be present were called missa catechumenorum, ending with the reading of the Gospel. Then they were dismissed with the words: "Ite, missa est", the congregation is dismissed. After that the sacrifice proper began. At its close the same words were said to those who remained. So the word gave the name of Mass to the sacrifice in the Catholic Church. Compare Christmas, Lammas, missal. Doublet of missa.

(music) A musical composition set to portions, or all, of the Mass.

messu

a musical composition set to portions of the Mass


Stick

(music) The Chapman Stick, an electric musical instrument devised by Emmett Chapman.


Ra

Transcription of Egyptian r:a-ra (rꜥ, “the sun; Ra”).

(Egyptian mythology) The Egyptian god of the Sun.


Prussian blue

en-adj

Prussian blue (comparative more Prussian blue, superlative most Prussian blue)

more Prussian blue (comparative)
most Prussian blue (superlative)

The pigment was discovered circa 1700 in the German state of Prussia by a paint-maker named Diesbach.

Of a rich blue colour, tinted with green.


Vandyke brown

en-noun

Vandyke brown (countable and uncountable, plural Vandyke browns)

This colour was named for Sir Anthony Van Dyck, a Flemish painter.

Vandyke brown:

A medium brown colour, originally a pigment made from peat or soil.


Suomi

(music) A freeform variation of psytrance music said to originate in Finland, where it is called suomisaundi.


Sol

(poetic, science fiction) The Sun, the star orbited by the Earth.

(Roman mythology) The sun god; equivalent of the Greek Helios. Brother of Luna and Aurora.

Sol (named after the solar eclipse on the day of his birth) was born in March 2015 with an undetected clot in his upper left arm.

2017 March 1, Marc Waddington, “How dad’s bionic arm invention is changing son’s life & prosthetics”, in Daily Post, № 51,073, page 6/2:


Sol

4. Luna, a Mantle of Estate, Mars doubled Ermine, ouched Sol, garnished with Strings fastned thereunto fretways dependent, and tasselled of the same. [...] These Arms do belong to the Town of Beckbock in Wales. 5. Jupiter, a Mace of Majestry in Bend Sol.

George [...] Ist. Mars, three Lions passant guardant in Pale Sol, for the Arms of England, Impal'd with Scotland, i.e. Sol, a Lion rampant within a double Tressure counterflory Mars. 2d. Jupiter, three Fleurs de Lis Sol, for the Arms of France. 3d. Jupiter, an Irish Harp Sol, stringed Luna, for Ireland. 4th. Seme party per Pale, and per Chevron enarche, in the Ist Mars, two Lions passant guardant Sol, for Brunswick. In the 2d Partition Sol, semy of Hearts Mars, and a Lion rampant Jupiter, armed and langued of the First, for Luneburg.

8. Tierce in Mantle, first Mars, two Lions passant-guardant in pale, Sol, for Brunswick; 2d Sol, Semi of Hearts proper, a Lion rampant Jupiter, for Lunenburgh;

ARMS. QUARTERLY, in the first grand Quarter Mars, three Lions passant-guardant in Pale, Sol; the Imperial Ensigns of England, impaled with the Royal Arms of Scotland, which are Sol, a Lion rampant within a double Tressure flower'd and counterflower'd with Fleurs-de-lis, Mars. The second Quarter is the Royal Arms of France, viz. Jupiter, three Fleurs-de-lis, Sol. The third, the Ensign of Ireland, which is, Jupiter, an Harp Sol, stringed Luna.

(heraldry, rare) Or (gold), in the postmedieval practice of blazoning the tinctures of certain sovereigns' (especially British monarchs') coats as planets.


Sol

“Chock full o’ science,” said the radiant Captain, “as ever he was! Sol Gills, Sol Gills, what have you been up to, for this many a long day, my ould boy?”

1846 October 1 – 1848 April 1, Charles Dickens, Dombey and Son, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1848, →OCLC:

A diminutive of the male given name Solomon.


Tyrian purple

Tyrian purple (countable and uncountable, plural Tyrian purples)

A deep purple dyestuff obtained from the bodies of mollusks of certain species of the family Muricidae, originally certain of those of the eastern Mediterranean, now also other species from elsewhere.

Tyrian purple:

A deep purple colour, tinted with red, like that of the dye.


Tyrian purple

Of a deep purple colour, tinted with red, like that of the dye.


Moon

* A variant of Mohan, from Irish.
* A habitational name of Norman origin from Moyon in La Manche. Compare Mounce.
* Americanized form of German Mohn or a similar surname.
* A variant of Mun, from Korean.
* A variant Romanization of Chinese 文 (Wén), 萬／万 (Wàn), and 滿／满 (Mǎn).
* Possibly from Cantonese 滿／满 (mun⁵, “full; complete”).

A number of places in the United States:

An unincorporated community in Morgan County, Kentucky.

Allegheny County
Allegheny County#English

A township in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania.

Pennington County
Pennington County#English

A ghost town in Pennington County, South Dakota.

An unincorporated community in Mathews County, Virginia.

An unincorporated community in Marathon County, Wisconsin.


palmas

[…] she performed in an ensemble that included one uncle (José Carbonell) on guitar, and another (Antonio Carbonell) accompanying her with palmas, or handclapping.

2007 February 6, Ben Ratliff, “Embodying the Past and Future of an Old Form”, in New York Times:


punk rock

See punk + rock. First attested in 1970 in reference to rockabilly; possibly coined in its current sense by American music critic Dave Marsh in the May 1971 issue of Creem, from earlier punk music.

(music) A genre of rock music associated with short, loud, energetic songs played on electric guitars and drums and employing angry, offensive, and/or political lyrics.


glaucous

en-adj

glaucous (comparative more glaucous, superlative most glaucous)

more glaucous (comparative)
most glaucous (superlative)

From Latin glaucus, from Ancient Greek γλαυκός (glaukós, “blue-green, blue-grey”), 1670s. See Irish glas.

der

glaucous:

I realised I was the only shopper in that rather eerie place where I moved about fishlike, in a glaucous aquarium […]

[…] inside you could see the wires and cables that ran aft to the rudder and elevators and the cracked and curled and sunblacked leather of the seats and in their tarnished nickel bezels the glass of instrument dials glaucous and clouded from the pumicing of the desert sands.

Traveling at sea for the first time is a chance to realize that the ocean is not one ocean. The water changes. The Atlantic that seethes off the eastern U.S. is glaucous and lightless and looks mean. Around Jamaica, though, it’s more like a milky aquamarine, and translucent.

1997, David Foster Wallace, “A Supposedly Fun Thing I'll Never Do Again”, in A Supposedly Fun Thing I'll Never Do Again, Kindle edition, Little, Brown Book Group:

Of a pale grey or bluish-green, especially when covered with a powdery residue.

сивозеленикав

of a pale green colour with a bluish-grey tinge

glauque (typically greener, whereas English glaucous is bluer)


backfire

(firefighting) Alternative spelling of back fire


urania

(mineralogy) Any of several impure mixtures of uranium oxides.


cherry red

Of a deep bright red colour, like that of a cherry.


F

The fourth note of the diatonic scale of C major, called fa in solfège.

The scale or key which has that note for its tonic.

On a piano keyboard, the white key next to the left of each group of three black keys (see figure).

The degree of a staff assigned to such a key or tone; a note on such a degree.


B

From abbreviations of various terms beginning with or containing the letter ‘B’.
* (billion): abbreviation of billion
* (cricket): abbreviation of balls
* (bitch): abbreviation of bitch


B

From the use of the letter ‘B’ as an arbitrary label among other letter labels.
* (personality type): from contrast with the letter ‘A’ and its corresponding personality type
* (academic grade): from the position of the letter ‘B’ in the English alphabet

(music) The seventh note in the C major scale.


cool grey

cool grey:


pianississimo

en-adv

pianississimo (comparative more pianississimo, superlative most pianississimo)

more pianississimo (comparative)
most pianississimo (superlative)

(music) The musical notation indicating that the piece should be played quieter than pianissimo. Abbreviation: ppp.


espressivo

(music) To be played in an expressive manner.


D

en-noun

D (countable and uncountable, plural Ds)

Symphony No. 4 Tragic D 417

(music) Abbreviation of Deutsch number in the Schubert Thematic Catalogue.


fortississimo

(music) The musical notation indicating that the piece is played louder than fortissimo.


fortississimo

(music) The dynamic sign indicating that the piece should be played louder than fortissimo. Abbreviation: fff.


bice green

en-adj

bice green (comparative more bice green, superlative most bice green)

more bice green (comparative)
most bice green (superlative)

Of a bright green colour, like that of a leaf.


bottle green

en-noun

bottle green (countable and uncountable, plural bottle greens)

bottle green:

He stopped to look at a shop selling ladies' wear, and stared for a long time at a bottle-green suit of corduroy slacks.

1946, George Johnston, Skyscrapers in the Mist, page 35:

Anne Talbot looked demurely ravishing, as was her intention, in a very low-cut evening frock of bottle-green, choker of Kelantan silver, earrings in the shape of krises.

1958, Anthony Burgess, The Enemy in the Blanket (The Malayan Trilogy), published 1972, page 292:

A dark green colour, like that of some wine bottles.


bottle green

en-adj

bottle green (comparative more bottle green, superlative most bottle green)

more bottle green (comparative)
most bottle green (superlative)

Of a dark green colour, like that of some wine bottles.


Sun

From Middle English sunne, from Old English sunna, sunne (“sun; the Sun”), from Proto-Germanic *sunnǭ, from the heteroclitic inanimate Proto-Indo-European *sh₂wén-, oblique form of *sóh₂wl̥ (“sun; the Sun”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian Sunne, West Frisian sinne, Dutch zon, Old Dutch sunna, German Low German Sünn, Old Saxon sunna, German Sonne, Old High German sunna, Faroese sunna, Icelandic sunna, Gothic 𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌽𐍉 (sunnō). More at sun.

inh

The star at the center of the Solar System (our solar system), which shines in our sky, represented in astronomy and astrology by ☉.

(newspapers) An English tabloid newspaper.


Sun

From Mandarin 孫／孙 (Sūn), Wade-Giles romanization: Sun¹.


ecru

en-noun

ecru (countable and uncountable, plural ecrus)

ecru:

We have descended Tian Shan and entered the Taklamakan Desert, a barren landscape painted in ecru—no shrubs, no grass, only waves upon waves of naked ridges the color of buff, the highest few spotted with white specks of snow.

2009, Y.J. Zhu, “Taklamakan Desert Moon Ride”, in Lucy McCauley, editor, The Best Women's Travel Writing 2009: True Stories from Around the World (Travelers' Tales), →ISBN, →ISSN, →OCLC, →OL, page 154:


ecru

Miriam fell in love with a tulle-and-lace gown, but Judy returned to the first one they'd looked at, an ecru satin bridal gown...

2005, Binnie Kirshenbaum, An Almost Perfect Moment:


vibrato

/vɪˈbɹɑːtoʊ/

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-vibrato.wav

Borrowed from Italian vibrato m, past participle of vibrare (“to vibrate”).

He felt his teeth methodically, one after the other, with a vibrato movement of finger and thumb.

1959, Anthony Burgess, Beds in the East (The Malayan Trilogy), published 1972, page 429:

(music) The musical effect or technique where the pitch or frequency of a note or sound is quickly and repeatedly raised and lowered over a small distance for the duration of that note or sound.


iron gray

iron gray:

A dark grey colour, with a tint of green, like iron freshly cut or broken.


iron gray

Of a dark grey colour, with a tint of green.


EDM

EDM (countable and uncountable, plural EDMs)

But musical ancestry aside, the influence to which [Justin] Bieber is most beholden is the current trends in pop music, which means Believe is loaded up with EDM accouterments, seeking a comfortable middle ground where Bieber’s impressively refined pop-R&B croon can rub up on techno blasts and garish dubstep drops (and occasionally grind on some AutoTune, not necessarily because it needs it, but because a certain amount of robo-voice is expected these days).

2012 June 26, Genevieve Koski, “Music: Reviews: Justin Bieber: Believe”, in The A.V. Club, archived from the original on 2020-08-06:

electronic dance music
electronic dance music#English

(music) Initialism of electronic dance music.


Kendal green

Kendal green (countable and uncountable, plural Kendal greens)

How couldst thou know these men in Kendal green?

c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene iv]:

Kendal green:

A light greyish-green colour, like that of the cloth.


baby blue

en-adj

baby blue (comparative more baby blue, superlative most baby blue)

more baby blue (comparative)
most baby blue (superlative)


residency

en-noun

residency (countable and uncountable, plural residencies)

The trance DJ was keen to secure a residency in Ibiza.

After a successful Thursday-night residency at the Marquee Club—where the Yardbirds, the Animals, and the Rolling Stones first earned their reputations—England's CBS label signed the group to a recording contract.

1990, Wayne Jancik, The Billboard Book of One-Hit Wonders, →ISBN, page 254:

The position of a musical artist who commonly performs at a particular venue.


BACH motif

These four notes spell Bach's name; in German musical nomenclature “B” stands for B flat, whereas “H” means B natural.

The BACH motif:
{bes'a'cb'}

(music) A sequence of four notes (B flat, A, C, B natural), included in a piece of music as a homage to Johann Sebastian Bach.


C

(music) The first note in the C chromatic and major scales.


slate black

slate black:


vox

From Latin vōx (“voice”). Doublet of voice.

(music) The voice, especially one's singing voice; vocals.


grass-green

grass-green (countable and uncountable, plural grass-greens)

From Middle English grasgrene, from Old English græsgrēne, from Proto-West Germanic *grasagrōnī, from Proto-Germanic *grasagrōniz, equivalent to grass + green.

grass-green:

A bright green color, like that of grass.


grass-green

Of a bright green color, like that of grass.


coal black

From Middle English colblak, colblake, cole-blak, cole-blake, coleblacke, colle blake, from the phrase blak as cole (“black as coal”).

coal black:

A black colour, like that of coal; charcoal.


china

china (countable and uncountable, plural chinas)

From clippings of attributive use of China, q.v., the country in East Asia. In reference to porcelain and porcelain objects, via clipping of chinaware and via this sense of Persian چین (čini) in Persia and India, which influenced the pronunciation (see below). In reference to medicine, via clipping of China root. In reference to flowers, via clipping of China rose. In reference to tea, via clipping of China tea. In Cockney slang, a clipping of china plate as a rhyme of mate (“friend”). In reference to drum cymbals, a clipping of China cymbal and as a genericization of a kind of Zildjian-brand cymbal.

China cymbals are a type of short sound cymbal. [Brand X] makes chinas with really short sounds.

2010, Carmine Appice, Drums for Everyone, page 78:

(countable, music) A kind of drum cymbal approximating a Chinese style of cymbal, but usually with Turkish influences.


cornflower blue

Of a bright blue color, with a tint of purple


old gold

old gold (countable and uncountable, plural old golds)

old gold:


old gold

The rose and purple notes in the rugs were toned down by hanging a panel of printed linen in the wall space between the book shelves, bound with an old gold edge of damask.

1919, Good Furniture, volume 13, page 100:


emerald green

Of a rich green colour, like that of an emerald.


emerald green

emerald green:

A rich green colour, like that of an emerald.

A durable vivid green pigment made from copper arsenate.


mocha

mocha (countable and uncountable, plural mochas)

From Mocha, Yemen, a port on the Red Sea, from Arabic اَلْمُخَا (al-muḵā), for its role as a major marketplace for coffee during Ottoman rule.
The beans often had a chocolaty flavor, hence by extension came to refer to any coffee with a chocolate flavor, or any mixture of coffee and chocolate flavors, notably coffee with chocolate syrup added.

mocha:

A dark brown colour, like that of mocha coffee.

Any of a number of species of moths in the geometrid subfamily Sterrhinae, many European species having dark brown coloration.

(historical) An Abyssinian weight, equivalent to a Troy grain.


mocha

Of a dark brown colour, like that of mocha coffee.


groupetto

groupetto (plural groupetti or groupettos)

Alteration of Italian grupetto after group.

I used to be a master of the groupetto, but it has been many years since I’ve been forced to ride in a bona fide, terminally dropped group. It’s strange to be back. Riding in the groupetto requires a different mentality and skill set.

2005, Bradley McGee, Riding in the Groupetto:

(music, cycle racing) Alternative form of gruppetto


corium

(anatomy) The deep layer of mucous membranes beneath the epithelium.

Passing by the Corium Bubulum of the Classical Ancients, we see in an old charter, dated 1036, "Stallus Sutoris Vaccæ," i. e. the stall of a shoe-maker who used cow-skin.

1825, Thomas Dudley Fosbroke, Encyclopaedia of antiquities, and elements of archaeology, classical and mediæval:

(historical) Armour made of leather, particularly that used by the Romans.


corium

From core + -ium. Apparently coined in 1974 by Martin Peehs, a German nuclear engineer.

1974, Martin Peehs, “Investigations of molten "corium" phases”, in Thermodynamics of Nuclear Materials, volume 1, Vienna: International Atomic Agency IAEA-SM-190/10:

Mexico was given $100,000 to do a series of experiments in which small amounts (10 to 20 grams) of stainless steel and corium (a mixture of 55 percent iron, 10 percent zirconium, and 35 percent uranium dioxide) will be melted and then flooded with water in an arc-melting chamber.

1975 21 October, Hearings on the Nuclear Initiative: Technological Concerns in Nuclear Reactor Safety, Sacramento (CA): California Legislature Assembly Committee on Resources, Land Use, and Energy:

Previous studies of the thermal behavior of corium in a degraded nuclear reactor have focussed primarily on the process of heat transfer within the corium.

1991, Sheau-Wen Shiah, Fan-bill B. Cheung, Dae-Ho Cho, Michael J. Tan, Louis Baker Jr., “Numerical Modeling of Corium/Steel Structure Interaction with Downfacing Boiling Boundary Conditions”, in Chung, Franklin, Hochreiter, Larry E., editors, Numerical Modelling of Basic Heat Transfer Phenomena in Nuclear Systems, presented at the 28th National Heat Transfer Conference, Minneapolis, Minnesota, July 28-31, 1991, New York (NY): American Society of Mechanical Engineers, page 31:

2009, Wei Wei, Xing-rong Cao, “The Simulation of Corium Dispersion in Direct Containment Heating Accidents”, in Zero Carbon Energy Kyoto 2009:

The materials of the nuclear reactor—nuclear oxide fuel and fission products, cladding, metallic alloys, moderator, absorbers, structural materials, coolants, concrete, and so on, could melt to form complex, multiphases, and aggressive mixtures known by the general term corium.

2011, Pascal Piluso, “Appendix 1: Corium Thermodynamics and Thermophysics, 2. Corium Thermophysics”, in Bal Raj Seghal, editor, Nuclear Safety in Light Water Reactors: Severe Accident Phenomenology, Waltham (MA): Academic Press, →ISBN, page 664:

CORIUM: INIS: 1977-10-17; ETDE: 1977-06-02 Molten mixture of fuel, cladding and other core structural material resulting from a meltdown accident.

2019 October, INIS [International Nuclear Information System] Thesaurus, Multilingual version, IAEA-INIS Reference Series IAEA-INIS-01 (2019/10), Vienna: IAEA [International Atomic Energy Agency], →ISSN, page 264:

(nuclear physics) A lavalike mixture of fissile material created in a nuclear reactor's core during a nuclear meltdown.


zydeco

/ˈzaɪdɪˌkəʊ/

From Louisiana Creole zydéco, compare French zarico; possibly from a metanalysis of French les haricots (“beans”) as French le zarico (“beans”) in a dance-tune title.

Sunpie—in real life, a park ranger and an accordionist who leads a good zydeco band—taunted Harrison […].

2008, Ned Sublette, The World That Made New Orleans, Lawrence Hill Books, published 2009, page 307:

A form of Louisiana Creole music, characteristically performed by accordion and washboard bands, that combines Cajun and Creole roots music with elements of African American music.


arpeggio

Borrowed from Italian arpeggio, from arpeggiare (“to play a harp”).

He struck the opening chords of the passage; but this time Irene's voice was silent. Victor stopped in the middle of an arpeggio.

1956, Delano Ames, chapter 14, in Crime out of Mind:

(music) The notes of a chord played individually instead of simultaneously, usually moving from lowest to highest.


T

T (countable and uncountable, plural Ts)


quercitron

quercitron (countable and uncountable, plural quercitrons)

The black oak tree, Quercus velutina, indigenous to North America.


songo

A kind of contemporary Cuban music originating in Havana.


K

Abbreviations.
# (stenoscript) Abbreviation of counter, prefix counter-, sequence contr.

ng

prefix <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">counter-</i>, sequence contr.

Die Zauberflöte, K. 620


manila

a manila envelope

Made of manila paper or material like it.

manila:

Yellow-brown; colored like manila paper.


manila

en-noun

manila (usually uncountable, plural manilas)

Fiber made from abaca (Manila hemp), used to make ropes and manila paper.

A kind of cheroot manufactured in Manila.


abram

en-adj

abram (comparative more abram, superlative most abram)

more abram (comparative)
most abram (superlative)

The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles

Oxford University Press
w:Oxford University Press


grunge

Alice liked to wear plaids and ripped jeans, and listen to grunge.

(music) A subgenre of alternative rock, originating from Seattle, Washington, which melds punk and metal.


spanker

An instrument used to give someone a spanking or spank, such as a paddle.

beyond the broad white wing of the spanker sail

1839, Charlotte Elizabeth, Glimpses of the Past:

(nautical) A fore-and-aft gaff-rigged sail on the aft-most mast of a square-rigged vessel.

(dated, music) A musician who plays his instrument well.

(dated) One who takes long, quick strides in walking.


S

en-noun

S (countable and uncountable, plural Ss)

Abbreviation.
S
# (stenoscript) the sound sequence /st/ in a word, e.g. it's the transcription of the suffix -ist.
# (stenoscript) the prefix sub-
#: [some manuals advise lower-case s for the prefix sub-]
# (stenoscript) Abbreviation of south.


vinaceous

en-adj

vinaceous (comparative more vinaceous, superlative most vinaceous)

more vinaceous (comparative)
most vinaceous (superlative)

Borrowed from Late Latin vinaceus, from Latin vinum.


magnolia

en-noun

magnolia (countable and uncountable, plural magnolias)

Borrowed from translingual Magnolia, from French Magnol + -ia. Named after French botanist Pierre Magnol (1638–1715). The surname is a form of the male given name Magne, from Latin magnus.

There are clusters of magnolias that are so tall and green and glossy, they are impossible to climb, and the air around them always smells like peaches.

2011, Jesmyn Ward, Salvage the Bones, Bloomsbury (2017), page 158:

(countable) A tree or shrub in any species of the genus Magnolia, many with large flowers and simple leaves.

magnolia:

(countable, uncountable) A creamy white colour, like that of some magnolia flowers.


magnolia

Of a creamy white colour, like that of some magnolia flowers.


flutist

Probably from Middle French flutiste, equivalent to flute + -ist. Replaced Middle English flouter (“flute player”) from Old French flauteur.


dholak

The men make a circle around the musicians, cheering and whistling with the beat of the dholak.

2020, Avni Doshi, Burnt Sugar, Hamish Hamilton, page 40:


viridian

viridian (countable and uncountable, plural viridians)

From Latin viridis, from the verb vireo (“to be verdant, to sprout”).

It would be difficult to exaggerate the value of this addition to the artist’s palette. The colour of viridian is a very deep bluish green of great purity and transparency. It furnishes, with aureolin on the one hand and with ultramarine on the other, an immense number of beautiful hues, adapted to represent the colours of vegetation and of water.

1890, Arthur Herbert Church, chapter 16, in The Chemistry of Paints and Painting, 3rd edition, London: Seeley & Co., published 1901, page 195:

chromium sesquioxide
chromium sesquioxide

A bluish-green pigment made from chromium sesquioxide.

viridian:


viridian

en-adj

viridian (comparative more viridian, superlative most viridian)

more viridian (comparative)
most viridian (superlative)

spring sweeps the wood’s cathedral nave
with the green fury of a wave,
till oak and elm and beech and ash
in one viridian comber crash,
while at their feet red vetches shine,
sharp, and cold, and coralline.

1928, Humbert Wolfe, “Spring”, in This Blind Rose, London: Victor Gollancz, page 47:

We walked out on to a balcony, looking down on the bright green fields, the grey-blue river lined with viridian poplars, and the red earth paths where the peasants were driving their animals […]

1937, Robert Byron, “Bamian”, in The Road to Oxiana:


flautist

The flautist Bezaly adds to the impressive list of flute concertos dedicated to her with the composer Pulkkis’s contribution to the genre.

2007 July 28, Rick Jones, “Sharon Bezaly / Uljas Pulkkis: Enchanted Garden”, in Times of London:


strings

(music) Collectively, the stringed instruments in an orchestra.


pentatonic

The middle movement is completely pentatonic, giving it an unusual sound.


flaming

flaming (comparative more flaming, superlative most flaming)

more flaming (comparative)
most flaming (superlative)

The flaming debris kept the firefighter well back, and the sparks threatened the neighborhood.

On Christmas Day, the pudding was served piping hot, with flaming brandy on top.

2011, Stephanie Owen Reeder, Amazing Grace: An Adventure at Sea, page 76:


tuplet

(music) A note value with a non-standard duration; a set of notes subdivided within a single beat.


secco

Borrowed from Italian secco (“dry”). Doublet of sec.

(music) dry – sparse accompaniment, staccato, without resonance


rota

Along the creek bed he came, plucking a rota, a zither of five strings with bone-yoke facings and a beaverskin carrying-bag thrown over his shoulder.

2011, A. A. Attanasio, The Wolf and the Crown (The Perilous Order of Camelot):

(music) A kind of zither used in the Middle Ages in church music.


post-rock

From post- + rock. Coined by Simon Reynolds in issue 123 of The Wire (May 1994).

(music) A genre of music which uses rock instrumentation for songs with gradually unfolding structures that depend more on ambience and timbre than melody.


champagne

en-noun

champagne (countable and uncountable, plural champagnes)

Borrowed from French champagne (“sparkling wine from the Champagne region”), from Champagne (“region and former province of France”), from Late Latin campānia (in full Campānia Rēmēnsis), from campāneus (“of or pertaining to the fields”), from Latin campus (“level ground; field, plain”), from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂emp- (“to bend, curve”). The English word is a doublet of campagna (“flat stretch of countryside”) (dated), campaign, and campania.

cava

Spanish sparkling white wine made with the méthode champenoise

crémant

French sparkling wine that isn't from the Champagne region

prosecco

Italian sparkling white wine made by dual fermentation method in vats

spumante

Italian sparkling wine, sometimes made with the méthode champenoise

(countable, uncountable, informal) Any sparkling white wine.

shampanjë

sparkling white wine produced in Champagne


percussion

en-noun

percussion (countable and uncountable, plural percussions)

From Middle English percussioun, from Middle French, Old French percussion, from Latin percussiō (“striking”), from percutiō (“I strike”).

percussion instrument
percussion instrument

(music) The section of an orchestra or band containing percussion instruments; such instruments considered as a group; in bands, may be separate from drum kits.

آلَة إِيقَاعِيَّة

music: section of percussion instruments


DPS

DPS (countable and uncountable, plural DPSs)

(nuclear physics) Initialism of disintegration per second.


scoop

From Middle English scope, schoupe, a borrowing from Middle Dutch scoep, scuep, schope, schoepe (“bucket for bailing water”) and Middle Dutch schoppe, scoppe, schuppe ("a scoop, shovel"; > Modern Dutch schop (“spade”)), from Proto-Germanic *skuppǭ, *skuppijǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kep- (“to cut, to scrape, to hack”). Cognate with Old Frisian skuppe (“shovel”), Middle Low German schōpe (“scoop, shovel”), German Low German Schüppe, Schüpp (“shovel”), German Schüppe, Schippe (“shovel, spade”). Related to English shovel.

gloss

"a scoop, shovel"; > Modern Dutch <i class="Latn mention" lang="nl">schop</i> (“spade”)

cog

Jazz symbols include many contoured articulations and inflections, such as doits, fall-offs, and scoops.

1995, Music & Computers, volume 1, numbers 2-4, page 57:

(music) A note that begins slightly below and slides up to the target pitch.


scoop

en-verb

scoop (third-person singular simple present scoops, present participle scooping, simple past and past participle scooped)

scoops (present singular third-person)
scooping (participle present)
scooped (participle past)
scooped (past)

skuupata

to report a newsworthy event before anyone else

(music, often with "up") To begin a vocal note slightly below the target pitch and then to slide up to the target pitch, especially in country music.


triplet

PIE word
 *tréyes
From triple + -et, q.v.

(music) A group of three notes played or written where two notes would ordinarily be; a form of tuplet.

triola

(music) group of three notes played in place of two


calabash

From French calebasse, from Spanish calabaza (“gourd; pumpkin”), possibly from Arabic قَرْعَةٌ يَابِسَةٌ (qarʕatun yābisatun, “dry gourd”) or directly from its etymon Persian خربزه (xarboze, “melon”), possibly ultimately from Sanskrit त्रपुस (trapusa, “colocynth fruit”) (compare Persian تربزه (tarboze, “watermelon”)). The English word is cognate with Catalan carabassa (“pumpkin; orange colour”), Galician cabaza (“gourd, pumpkin, squash; calabash (container)”), Occitan calebasso, carabasso, carbasso, Portuguese cabaça (“gourd; calabash (container)”), Sicilian caravazza (and caramazza).

der

قَرْعَةٌ يَابِسَةٌ

cog

The inſtrument moſt in requeſt uſed by the Abundi, being the people of the kingdom of Angola, Matamba, and others, is the Marimba; it conſiſts of ſixteen calabaſhes orderly placed along the middle between two ſide-boards joined together, or a long frame, hanging about a man's neck with a thong. Over the mouths of the calabaſhes there are thin ſounding ſlips of red wood called Tanilla, a little above a ſpan long, which being beaten with two little ſticks, returns a ſound from the calabaſhes of ſeveral ſizes not unlike an organ.

1814, Jerom Merolla da Sorrento, “A Voyage to Congo, and Several Other Countries, Chiefly in Southern Africk. […]”, in John Pinkerton, A General Collection of the Best and Most Interesting Voyages and Travels in All Parts of the World; […], volume XVI, London: Printed for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme,and Brown, […]; and Cadell and Davies, […], →OCLC, page 245:

(music) A musical instrument, most commonly a drum or rattle, made from a calabash fruit.


shape note

A system of music notation designed to facilitate choral singing, and the style of psalmody associated with it. The heads of the notes are of various shapes, not always round.


tetraethyl lead

en-noun

tetraethyl lead (usually uncountable, plural tetraethyl leads)

(organic chemistry) A toxic organometallic compound, (C₂H₅)₄Pb, added to petroleum/gasoline as an antiknock agent.


frottola

(music) The predominant type of Italian popular secular song of the late fifteenth and early sixteenth century, and the most important and widespread predecessor to the madrigal.


with a bullet

From the magazine Cashbox's practice, in the 1960s and 1970s, of putting a red bullet sign on the chart position of potential climbers. The page stated: "Red bullet indicates sharp upward move."

"Crying" has moved up again and is now Number 7 with a bullet on the Cashbox Top 100 chart!

(of a hit record) That has entered the charts in a high position, or has climbed rapidly in the charts, or is thought to have the potential for further rapid advancement.


quintuple

From Middle French quintuple, from Latin quīntuplus, from quīntus (“fifth”) + -plus (“-ple”).


PTT

PTT (countable and uncountable, plural PTTs)

Partitioning tracer test
w:Tracer use in the oil industry

(oil industry) Initialism of Partitioning tracer test.


octane number

A measure of the antiknock properties of an automobile fuel; isooctane having an octane number of 100, a fuel with the same antiknock properties as a mixture of 90% isooctane and 10% heptane having an octane number of 90.


pedalboard

(music) A large keyboard at the base of an electronic or pipe organ console that the organist plays with the feet.

(music) A flat board or panel that holds effects pedals for an electric guitar, along with the patchbay and power supply.


PT

PT (countable and uncountable, plural PTs)


EC

EC (countable and uncountable, plural ECs)

electron capture
electron capture#English


passacaglia

passacaglia (countable and uncountable, plural passacaglias)

Borrowed from Italian passacaglia, from Spanish pasacalle, from pasar (“to pass”) + calle (“street”).

(music) A form of historical Spanish or Italian dance characterised by a serious nature, triple metre, and use of a ground bass.

(music, by extension) Any piece of classical music with similar characteristics.


playpipe

A rigid extension to a fire hose that provides a gripping surface for fire fighting personnel. Typically a pipe with handles that attaches to the end of a fire hose and has a nozzle attached to it.


NRC

Nuclear Regulatory Commission
w:Nuclear Regulatory Commission

(US) Initialism of Nuclear Regulatory Commission.


LNG

liquefied natural gas
liquefied natural gas#English

(petrochemistry) Initialism of liquefied natural gas.


descend

en-verb

descend (third-person singular simple present descends, present participle descending, simple past and past participle descended)

descends (present singular third-person)
descending (participle present)
descended (participle past)
descended (past)
descend (infinitive)

PIE word
 *de
The verb is derived from Middle English descenden (“to move downwards, fall, descend; to slope downwards; to go from a better to a worse condition, decline, degenerate; to be a descendant, derive from (a source); etc.”), from Anglo-Norman descendere, descendre, and Old French descendere, descendre (“to move downwards, fall, descend; to slope downwards; to be a descendant, derive from (a source); etc.”) (modern French descendre), and from their etymon Latin dēscendere, the present active infinitive of dēscendō (“to come or go down, fall, descend; to slope downwards; to be a descendant; etc.”), from de- (prefix meaning ‘from; down from’) + scandō (“to ascend, climb; to clamber”) (from Proto-Indo-European *skend- (“to climb, scale; to dart; to jump”)).
The noun is derived from the verb.

laskea

to pass from a higher to a lower part of (something)

afgaan

to physically move or pass from a higher to a lower place or position

Senses relating to moving from a higher to a lower position.

(music) To pass from a higher to a lower note or tone; to fall in pitch.

alentua

to pass from a higher to a lower note or tone; to fall in pitch


VIP

en-noun

VIP (countable and uncountable, plural VIPs)

(music) Initialism of variation in production: the remixing of one's own track


EP

You put your headphones on and load up Kelsey Lu’s EP, Church, an album full of orchestral loops designed to reach towards a quiet ecstasy.

2021, Caleb Azumah Nelson, Open Water, Viking, page 41:

(music) Initialism of extended play (a vinyl record (or recording on other media, such as a CD) that is shorter than an LP but longer than a single.)


hi-fi

hi-fi (countable and uncountable, plural hi-fis)

(countable) An electronic device used to play recorded sound, especially music.


LAT

(firefighting, aviation) Acronym of large airtanker (“a class of waterbomber”).


school bus yellow

school bus yellow:

An orange-yellow color, used in school buses in Canada and the United States.


school bus yellow

Of an orange-yellow color, used in school buses in Canada and the United States.

Skoolbusgeel

high-visibility yellow for automotive or traffic use


hubbub

en-verb

hubbub (third-person singular simple present hubbubs, present participle hubbubing or hubbubbing, simple past and past participle hubbubed or hubbubbed)

hubbubs (present singular third-person)
hubbubing (participle present)
hubbubbing (participle present)
hubbubed (participle past)
hubbubed (past)
hubbubbed (participle past)
hubbubbed (past)

Mid 16th c. Perhaps from Irish; compare Irish ababú!, abú! (battle-cry), Scottish Gaelic ub! ub! (expressing contempt, etc.), ubh ubh! (expressing disgust).

It becomes a grotto, hubbubbing with more noise than any class on a school visit could make, the air mobbed by breathless chatter about life and the transfer window.

2016, Daniel Gray, Saturday, 3pm: 50 Eternal Delights of Modern Football:

(intransitive) To cause a tumult or racket.


Mars

From Middle English Mars, from Latin Mārs (“god of war”), from older Latin (older than 75 BCE) Māvors.

4. Luna, a Mantle of Estate, Mars doubled Ermine, ouched Sol, garnished with Strings fastned thereunto fretways dependent, and tasselled of the same. [...] These Arms do belong to the Town of Beckbock in Wales. 5. Jupiter, a Mace of Majestry in Bend Sol. [...] 12. Venus, a Staff in Pale Sol, and thereupon a Cross Pattee, Luna surmounted off a Pall of the last, charged with 4. like Crosses fitched Saturn, edged and stringed as the second. This Coat belongs to the Archiepiscopal See of Canterbury, to whose place it appertains to Crown and Inaugurate the Kings of England.

1693, Richard Blome, The Art of Heraldry, in two parts ... second edition ..., pages 76-77:

George [...] Ist. Mars, three Lions passant guardant in Pale Sol, for the Arms of England, Impal'd with Scotland, i.e. Sol, a Lion rampant within a double Tressure counterflory Mars. 2d. Jupiter, three Fleurs de Lis Sol, for the Arms of France. 3d. Jupiter, an Irish Harp Sol, stringed Luna, for Ireland. 4th. Seme party per Pale, and per Chevron enarche, in the Ist Mars, two Lions passant guardant Sol, for Brunswick. In the 2d Partition Sol, semy of Hearts Mars, and a Lion rampant Jupiter, armed and langued of the First, for Luneburg. The base is Mars, a Horse currant Luna, over these last on an Inescocheon, Constantine's Crown. All within the Garter. Above the whole a Helmet suitable to his Majesty's Royal Jurisdiction, upon the same a rich Mantle of Cloth of Gold, doubled Ermine, a[…]

1718, Samuel Kent, The Grammar of Heraldry … Second Edition:

8. Tierce in Mantle, first Mars, two Lions passant-guardant in pale, Sol, for Brunswick; 2d Sol, Semi of Hearts proper, a Lion rampant Jupiter, for Lunenburgh; 3d, ente en Point, Mars, an Horse currant Luna, for Saxony. Note, these Ensigns (which are the paternal Coat of his Majesty King George) I have added as an Example, to shew the Form of what foreign Heralds term Tierce in Mantle, ente en Pointe, &c. […]

1735, Francis Nichols, The Irish Compendium … vol. III of the British Compendium, second edition, page 80:

ARMS. QUARTERLY, in the first grand Quarter Mars, three Lions passant-guardant in Pale, Sol; the Imperial Ensigns of England, impaled with the Royal Arms of Scotland, which are Sol, a Lion rampant within a double Tressure flower'd and counterflower'd with Fleurs-de-lis, Mars. The second Quarter is the Royal Arms of France, viz. Jupiter, three Fleurs-de-lis, Sol. The third, the Ensign of Ireland, which is, Jupiter, an Harp Sol, stringed Luna.

1737, Benjamin Martin, Bibliotheca Technologica: Or, a Philological Library, page 631:

(heraldry, rare) Gules (red), in the postmedieval practice of blazoning the tinctures of certain sovereigns' (especially British monarchs') coats as planets.


RH

en-noun

RH (countable and uncountable, plural RHs)

Work wraps together with wrapped sts as you come to them, as follows: Insert RH ndl into wrap at base of wrapped st from beneath, then bring RH ndl up and into st on LH ndl, ready to work the st[…]

2012, Stefanie Japel, Mom and Me Knits, page 13:

(music, knitting) Initialism of right hand.


SPECT

computed tomography
computed tomography#English

Acronym of single-photon emission computed tomography.

Single-photon emission computed tomography


potpourri

potpourri (countable and uncountable, plural potpourris)

/ˌpəʊ.pəˈɹiː/

/pəʊˈpʊə.ɹi/

/pəʊˈpɔː.ɹi/

From French pot-pourri (“stew, potpourri”), a Calque of Spanish olla podrida (“stew”, literally “rotten pot”). Doublet of olla podrida.


tape recorder

→ Afrikaans: bandopnemer (calque)

desc

টেপ রেকর্ডার

→ Bengali: টেপ রেকর্ডার (ṭep rekorḍar)

टेप रिकॉर्डर

→ Hindi: टेप रिकॉर्डर (ṭep rikŏrḍar)

→ Dutch: bandopnemer (calque); → bandrecorder (calque)

→ Japanese: テープレコーダー (tēpurekōdā)

→ Korean: 테이프 레코더 (teipeu rekodeo)

→ Pashto: ټېپ ريکارډر (ṭep-rikārḍár)

→ Tok Pisin: teprikoda

→ Urdu: ٹیپ ریکارڈر (ṭep rikārḍar)

A cabled despatch is better than nothing, but a voicecast of tolerable quality is preferable, and in certain types of story a voicecast with live or recorded actuality is best of all. Correspondents all have portable tape recorders.

1964, European Broadcasting Union, EBU Review: Programmes, Administration, Law, volume 83, page 22:

(sound engineering) An electromechanical device use to record and play back sound, etc.

bandopnemer

an electromechanical device use to record and play back sound


upstream

en-adj

upstream (comparative farther or further upstream, superlative farthest or furthest upstream)

farther (comparative)
further upstream (comparative)
farthest (superlative)
furthest upstream (superlative)

en:figuratively, of oil moving through the oil industry

(figurative) Occurring earlier than something else; (also, usually, especially) being an influence on something else; causing a consequence for something else.

(oil industry) Involving exploration and pre-production rather than refining and selling.


sympathetic

sympathetic (comparative more sympathetic, superlative most sympathetic)

more sympathetic (comparative)
most sympathetic (superlative)

Mid 17th century in the sense “relating to an affinity or paranormal influence”, from Latin sympathēticus. By surface analysis, sympathy + -etic (“pertaining to”); compare pathetic. Displaced native Old English efnþrōwiende.

съчувствен

of, related to, showing, or characterized by sympathy

симпатичен

of a person: attracting the liking of others

sympathetic vibration
sympathetic vibration

(relational) Relating to, producing, or denoting an effect which arises through an affinity, interdependence, or mutual association.

(sound) Relating to musical tones produced by sympathetic vibration or to strings so tuned as to sound by sympathetic vibration.


tambourine

From French tambourin (“little drum”), from French tambour (“drum”). Ultimately from Arabic طُنْبُور (ṭunbūr).

A percussion instrument consisting of a small, usually wooden, hoop closed on one side with a drum frame and featuring jingling metal disks on the tread; it is most often held in the hand and shaken rhythmically; by extension, any frame drum.

Tambourines are shy birds and do not tame easily.


roentgen

/ˈɹɜːnt.ɡən/


castanets

percussion idiophone
percussion idiophone

A percussion instrument (idiophone) of Spanish origin, consisting of a pair of concave shells joined on one edge by a string, held in the hand and used to produce clicking sounds; any hand-held percussion idiophone that can be played with the fingers, such as bones or spoons.


curie

Borrowed from French curie. Named after French physicist Pierre Curie (1859–1906).

named-after

3.7×10¹⁰ decays per second, as a unit of radioactivity. Symbol Ci.


curate

(inorganic chemistry) An oxyanion of curium; any salt containing such an anion.


contra

(music, informal) Any of the musical instruments in the contrabass range, e.g. contrabassoon, contrabass clarinet or, especially, double bass.


bituminous

en-adj

bituminous (comparative more bituminous, superlative most bituminous)

more bituminous (comparative)
most bituminous (superlative)


bituminous

en-noun

bituminous (countable and uncountable, plural bituminouses)

(countable) A type or grade of bituminous coal.


turntablism

turntablism (usually uncountable, plural turntablisms)

(music) The art of using one or more turntables and mixers to create an original musical piece.


subsolar

en-adj

subsolar (comparative more subsolar, superlative most subsolar)

more subsolar (comparative)
most subsolar (superlative)


nacarat

en-noun

nacarat (countable and uncountable, plural nacarats)

Borrowed from French nacarat, from Spanish or Portuguese nacarado, from Arabic نَقَّارَة (naqqāra, “small drum”), from نَقَرَ (naqara, “to hollow out”). Related to English nacre.

der

nacarat:


röntgen

/ˈɹɜːnt.ɡən/

(physics) a unit of exposure to ionizing radiation


sext

From Latin sexta (“sixth; sixth hour”). Doublet of siesta.

(music) A sixth: an interval of six diatonic degrees.

(music, obsolete) An organ stop of two ranks of pipes an interval of a sixth apart.


tutti

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-tutti.wav

From Italian tutti, from Latin totus (“all”).

(music) All together. Indicates that the remainder of a group should join in playing after a solo or other passage with a reduced number of voices.


tutti

a tutti passage

(music) All together; with all playing at once.


tutti

Even so, the orchestra endowed tuttis with a positively radiant glow.

2008 February 19, Steve Smith, “Hispanic Classics Flavor a New York Debut”, in New York Times:

(music) A passage in which all members of an orchestra are playing


electrochemical potential

The potential energy in an electric cell or battery.


tr.

en-noun

tr. (countable and uncountable, plural trr.)


reversible

/ɹəˈvɜː(ɹ)sɪbəl/

Probably from Middle French, equivalent to reverse + -ible.

(thermodynamics) Capable of returning to the original state without consumption of free energy and increase of entropy.


bitumen

bitumen (countable and uncountable, plural bitumina or bitumens)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Mélange a trois-bitumen.wav

From Middle English bithumen, bitumen, from Latin bitūmen. Doublet of bitume.

You need to excavate and remove the topsoil, line the subsoil with a geotextile, then lay and compact hardcore. Follow this with a layer of compacted "hoggin" – compacted clay, gravel and sand. This is then sprayed with hot bitumen, and has a layer of pea shingle rolled into it.

2014 August 24, Jeff Howell, “Home improvements: gravel paths and cutting heating bills [print version: Cold comfort in technology, 23 August 2014, p. P5]”, in The Daily Telegraph (Property):

A sticky, black, highly viscous liquid or semi-solid form of petroleum, burning with a bright flame. It occurs as an abundant natural product in many places, as on the shores of the Dead and Caspian Seas. It is used in cements, in the construction of pavements, etc.; Mineral pitch.


cavatina

From Italian cavatina, diminutive of cavata.

(music) An operatic song in slow tempo, either complete in itself or (e.g., in Bellini and Verdi) followed by a faster, more resolute section: hence

(music) A rather slow, song-like instrumental movement; the title, for example, of a movement in Beethoven's string quartet in B flat, op. 130 (1826) and of a once-famous piece (originally for violin and piano) by Raff, and of the slow movement of Rubra's string quartet No. 2.


unisonal

en-adj

unisonal (comparative more unisonal, superlative most unisonal)

more unisonal (comparative)
most unisonal (superlative)


timekeeper

There was no consensus among jazz musicians about who was the primary timekeeper in a jazz band; some said the drummers and others said the bassist.

2011, Harris M. Berger, Metal, Rock, and Jazz: Perception and the Phenomenology of Musical Experience, Wesleyan University Press, →ISBN, page 152:

(music) The group member who controls the rhythm of the music when a group of musicians play together.


temperament

en-noun

temperament (countable and uncountable, plural temperaments)

Inherited from Middle English temperament, borrowed from Middle French tempérament, from Latin temperāmentum.

inh+

(music) The altering of certain intervals from their correct values in order to improve the moving from key to key.

temperatura

the altering of certain intervals from their correct values in order to improve the moving from key to key


techno

(music) A repetitive style of music originally produced for use in a continuous DJ set. The central rhythmic component is most often in common time (4/4), where time is marked with a bass drum on each quarter note pulse, a backbeat played by snare or clap on the second and fourth pulses of the bar, and an open hi-hat sounding every second eighth note.


bawl

en-verb

bawl (third-person singular simple present bawls, present participle bawling, simple past and past participle bawled)

bawls (present singular third-person)
bawling (participle present)
bawled (participle past)
bawled (past)

From Middle English baulen, from Old Norse baula (“to low”) and/or Medieval Latin baulō (“to bark”), both from Proto-Germanic *bau- (“to roar”), conflated with Proto-Germanic *bellaną, *ballijaną, *buljaną (“to shout, low, roar”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰel- (“to sound, roar”). Cognate with Faroese belja (“to low”), Icelandic baula (“to moo, low”), Swedish böla (“to bellow, low”). More at bell.

cog

children bawling

cattle bawling

Why did you bawl out just as I was aiming? Who can aim with a fellow bawling in his ear? I've lost the birds through it.

1859, George Meredith, chapter 5, in The Ordeal of Richard Feverel. A History of Father and Son. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Chapman and Hall, →OCLC:

(intransitive) To wail; to give out a blaring cry.


dong

en-verb

dong (third-person singular simple present dongs, present participle donging, simple past and past participle donged)

dongs (present singular third-person)
donging (participle present)
donged (participle past)
donged (past)

To make a low-pitched, metallic ringing sound.


Handel

Handel's masterpiece, Messiah, is one of the incontrovertible masterpieces of the Western canon, a work whose place in the musical life of the nation looks, with the benefit of hindsight, to have been assured since its first performance in 1742.

2014 April 17, Tom Service, “Handel's Messiah: the sound of our better selves”, in The Guardian:

A surname from German; (music) used specifically of George Frideric Handel (1685–1759), a German-British Baroque composer.


negro spiritual

en-noun

negro spiritual (plural negro spirituals)

(music) A genre of African American song, usually with a Christian text, and sung a cappella with no harmony; it developed into gospel music.


ballet music

Piano and drums make for very good ballet music!

(music) Music composed primarily to accompany a ballet performance


new jack swing

(music) A variety of swingbeat dance music combining elements of rhythm and blues, soul music, hip hop and rap.


flashing

flashing (countable and uncountable, plural flashings)

From flash + -ing.
* (weatherproofing): From original flashing material of copper or aluminum that reflects flashes of sunlight.

A sudden blazing or bursting, as of fire or water.

(roofing) Components used to weatherproof or seal roof system edges at perimeters, penetrations, walls, expansion joints, valleys, drains and other places where the roof covering is interrupted or terminated.

The process of getting rid of gaps on shelves by bringing products from the back of the shelf to the front to create a 'fuller' shelf.

The incessant flashing of the neon sign kept the neighborhood awake.

The blinking of a light source, such as a light bulb or computer's cursor.

The exposing of one's naked body, or part of it, in public briefly (the action of the verb to flash).

Freiziehen

exposing one's naked body, or part of it


gospel music

gospel music (usually uncountable, plural gospel musics)

(music) A type of Christian music genre that is a cornerstone of the Christian media that originated amongst African-Americans based on the folk music melodies with the addition of elements of spirituals and jazz.


domino

1801, borrowed from French domino (1771), originally the term for a hooded garment, itself from Medieval Latin domino, oblique case of dominus (“lord, master”); compare Medieval Latin dominicale (“a kind of veil”).

cog

Any player is liable to make a 'domino' — that is to say, he goes wool-gathering and continues to play when everyone else has stopped. If he does so at a grown-up concert the fault is irredeemable […]

1932, The Musical Times and Singing-class Circular, page 263:

(music, colloquial) A mistake in performing.


R & B

rhythm and blues
rhythm and blues#English


rhythm and blues

From early 1940s, replacing earlier race music.

(music) A style of music combining elements of jazz and blues, with syncopated rhythms and a strong backbeat, originating among African Americans in the 1940s.


soul music

(music) A genre of music that originated in black American gospel, characterized by the use of secular lyrics, and an earthy, intensely emotional style.


dance music

From all sides her gift for playing the piano was insisted upon, and she had to consent. As very soon she had played the only pieces of dance music she could remember, she went on to play an air from a sonata by Mozart.

1915, Virginia Woolf, chapter XII, in The Voyage Out, London: Duckworth & Co., […], →OCLC:

In the bar in which Strickland and Nichols sat a mechanical piano was loudly grinding out dance music.

1919, W[illiam] Somerset Maugham, chapter XLVII, in The Moon and Sixpence, [New York, N.Y.]: Grosset & Dunlap Publishers […], →OCLC:

Music composed to accompany social dancing.

musique entraînante

music composed to accompany social dancing


blue moon

en-noun

blue moon (countable and uncountable, plural blue moons)

(countable) An extra full moon that appears in a subdivision of a year, namely:

The third full moon in a season that contains four rather than the usual three full moons.

The second of two full moons that occur in the same calendar month (a definition created by mistake in the 20th century).

(countable, idiomatic, by extension) A long time.

(uncountable) A bright blue, sweet-flavored ice cream that is popular in the Midwestern U.S. and is a component of Superman ice cream.


folk music

folk music (usually uncountable, plural folk musics)

Any contemporary music in the style of traditional folk music, especially a specific genre of originally American popular music that draws on Anglo-American musical forms.


rinky-dink

rinky-dink (countable and uncountable, plural rinky-dinks)

/ˈɹɪŋkɪdɪŋk/

/ˈɹɪŋkiˌdɪŋk/

Origin unknown; possibly a variant of rickety (“of an object: not strong or sturdy; of a person: feeble in the joints, tottering”), reduplicated with a change of the initial consonant. The noun is attested earlier than the adjective.

The [King] Oliver band had a new kind of beat, a real jazz beat instead of the ragtime rinky-dink.

1947, Bud Freeman, “Louis Armstrong, a Reminiscence”, in Ralph de Toledano, editor, Frontiers of Jazz, 3rd edition, Gretna, New Orleans, La.: Pelican Publishing Company, published 1994, →ISBN, page 119:

Devon on the run, then. No longer playing rinky-dink in fag clubs, pumping the organ in skidroad missions, humping ivories for small change and beer.

1990, D[onald] M[urray] Fraser, “In the Aftermath”, in Bryan Carson, editor, Ignorant Armies, Vancouver, B.C.: Pulp Press Book Publishers, →ISBN, page 98:

In his symphony, the form of the notes is the form of the moment, and the form of the moment is strings (lustre), horn (sheen), oboe (edge), harp (light) and glockenspiel (a touch of the rinky-dink).

2013, John Kefala Kerr, Thimio’s House, Ropley, Hampshire: Perfect Edge, John Hunt Publishing, →ISBN:

(uncountable, music) Alternative form of rinky-tink (“a tinkling, tinny style of music; honky-tonk”)


rinky-dink

/ˈɹɪŋkɪdɪŋk/

/ˈɹɪŋkiˌdɪŋk/

As I child, I learned to play on that old pump organ and so had my father. This piano was very special. It had an extra floor pedal which gave the piano a rinky-dink sound like no other.

2007, Johnny Stark, “Another New Beginning”, in From Poverty to Silvered Wings of Flight, Bloomington, Ind.: Xlibris, →ISBN, page 55:

The loud rinky-dink music and the wafting blue cigar smoke made the scene a dime novel cover.

2013, Conn Hamlett, John Lee Johnson and the Gunslingers, →ISBN, page 13:

But Humphrey Bogart's Philip Marlowe has no sax sound tagging along behind him, and when love interest Lauren Bacall makes her entrance at a swanky nightspot, a rinky-dink piano accompanies her sway; there's not a sax in sight (or sound).

2017, Kenneth LaFave, Experiencing Film Music: A Listener's Companion, →ISBN, page 32:

(music) Alternative form of rinky-tink (“tinkling and tinny”)


drown out

en-verb

drown out (third-person singular simple present drowns out, present participle drowning out, simple past and past participle drowned out)

drowns out (present singular third-person)
drowning out (participle present)
drowned out (participle past)
drowned out (past)

He uses the music to drown out other noises around him.

The fire had burned through the night and seemed barely affected by the efforts to drown it out and almost as if it were simply bored of the festival it had created, the fire lessened at daybreak.

2021, Michael Farris Smith, chapter 27, in Nick, New York, Boston, London: Little, Brown and Company, page 142:

Charlie Mulgrew could easily have been shown two yellow cards by a stricter referee and amid all the usual Anglo-Scottish pleasantries, the two sets of fans put an awful lot of effort into trying to drown out one another’s national anthems.

2014 November 18, Daniel Taylor, “England and Wayne Rooney see off Scotland in their own back yard”, in The Guardian:

Stop using your words as weapons / They're never gonna shoot me down / Stop, it's time that you learned a lesson / My love is gonna drown you out

2022 November 10, Ava Max, Melanie Fontana, Michel Schulz, Ryan Tedder, Madison Love, Cirkut, “Weapons”, in Diamonds & Dancefloors, performed by Ava Max:

But Harry, in his civilian suit, was also a reminder of the schism between the traditional and the modern in the royal family that can’t be drowned out by pageantry.

2023 May 6, James Poniewozik, “Charles III Was Crowned King. But Can He Ever Be the Star?”, in The New York Times:

(idiomatic) To cover, obscure, or overwhelm by being louder or more intense than.


punk rocker

(informal) A person who plays, or is a fan of, punk rock.


bilious

en-adj

bilious (comparative more bilious, superlative most bilious)

more bilious (comparative)
most bilious (superlative)

From French bilieux, from Latin bīliōsus (“full of bile”), from bīlis (“bile”) + -ōsus (“full of”).

Of or pertaining to something containing or consisting of bile.

Does money fail?—come to my mint—coin paper,
Till gold be at a discount, and ashamed
To show his bilious face, go purge himself,
In emulation of her vestal whiteness.

1820, Percy Bysshe Shelley, Oedipus Tyrannus; Or, Swellfoot The Tyrant: A Tragedy in Two Acts:

His complexion was pale, not of that deadly pallor which is a kind of neutral beauty, but of a bilious, yellow hue; his colorless hair was short and scarcely extended beyond the circle formed by the hat around his head, and his light blue eyes seemed destitute of any expression.

1845, Alexandre Dumas, chapter 31, in Twenty Years After:

The business-center of Schoenstrom took up one side of one block, facing the railroad. It was a row of one-story shops covered with galvanized iron, or with clapboards painted red and bilious yellow.

1920, Sinclair Lewis, chapter 3, in Main Street:

A beautiful girl once told me of a recurring nightmare in which she lay in the center of a large dark room and felt her face expand until it filled the whole room, becoming a formless mass while her eyes ran in bilious jelly up the chimney.

1952, Ralph Ellison, Invisible Man, prologue:

Perry tells me that Mr. Cole never touches malt liquor. You would not think it to look at him, but he is bilious—Mr. Cole is very bilious.

1815, Jane Austen, Emma, volume II, chapter 7:

(pathology) Suffering from real or supposed liver disorder, especially excessive secretions of bile.

sappitautinen

suffering from real or supposed liver disorder

The glorified spirit of a great statesman and philosopher dawdling, like a bilious old Nabob at a watering-place, over quarterly reviews and novels—dropping in to pay long calls—making excursions in search of the picturesque!

1830 January 20, Thomas Macaulay, “[Review of] Southey's Colloquies on Society”, in The Edinburgh Review, page 536:

The boarders, sharp-tongued bilious widows, pursued the only man in the establishment, a mild, bald creature who worked in La Samaritaine […]

Peevishly ill-humored, irritable or bad tempered; irascible.


daylight

en-noun

daylight (countable and uncountable, plural daylights)

From Middle English daye-lighte, dey liȝht, dailiȝt, day-liht, dai-liht (also as days lyȝt, daies liht), equivalent to day + light. Cognate with Saterland Frisian Deegeslucht, Daisljoacht (“daylight”), West Frisian deiljocht (“daylight”), Dutch daglicht (“daylight”), German Tageslicht (“daylight”).

create daylight between oneself and someone

put daylight between oneself and someone

The light from the Sun, as opposed to that from any other source.

(countable, photometry) The intensity distribution of light over the visible spectrum generated by the Sun under various conditions or by other light sources intended to simulate natural daylight.

päivänvalo

photometry: natural daylight's intensity distribution of light over the visible spectrum

We should get home while it's still daylight.

The period of time between sunrise and sunset.

dia

All small running backs instinctively run to daylight.

He could barely see daylight through the complex clockwork.

Finally, after weeks of work on the project, they could see daylight.


nuclear bomb

In the seaside town that they forgot to bomb / Come, come, come, nuclear bomb

1988, Morrissey (lyrics and music), “Everyday Is Like Sunday”, in Viva Hate:

Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki


nuclear weapon

When Kissinger went to Moscow on March 24 for four days of talks aimed at setting the agenda for Summit III, he reported that Brezhnev seemed to be confronting some of the same problems as we were of military opposition to a permanent agreement to limit offensive nuclear weapons. Thus we knew from the outset that it would be very difficult to produce a major SALT breakthrough at Summit III.

1978, Richard Nixon, “The Presidency 1973-1974”, in RN: the Memoirs of Richard Nixon, Grosset & Dunlap, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 1024:

Even if they managed to strike Japan, the United States or South Korea with nuclear weapons — a big if, given that they do not have a reliable delivery system — they could not save themselves from ultimate defeat.

2013 April 9, Andrei Lankov, “Stay Cool. Call North Korea’s Bluff.”, in New York Times:

A weapon that derives its energy from the nuclear reactions of either fission or fusion.

armë bërthamore

a weapon that derives its energy from the nuclear reactions of either fission or fusion


b/w

(music) Initialism of backed with. Commonly used with old 45 and 78 RPM records, referring to the flip side (commonly called "B-side") of the record.


filler

(television, music) material of lower cost or quality that is used to fill a certain television time slot or physical medium, such as a music album


bing

bing (countable and uncountable, plural bings)

From Middle English bing, binge, benge, from Old Norse bingr (“heap of corn; bed; bolster”), cognate with Scots bing, Swedish binge (“heap”), Danish bing (“bin; box; compartment”).
Compare also Scottish Gaelic binnean meaning a small hill or slag heap.

der

(chiefly Scotland) A slag heap, i.e. a man-made mound or heap formed with the waste material (slag) as a by-product of coal mining or the shale oil industry


bing

Onomatopoeia, variously of a bouncing sound or a bell.

(onomatopoeia) The sound made by a bounce, or by striking a metallic surface

Toronto Star, "Ryanair looking at standing 'seats,' pay toilets", 2 July 2010, Jim Rankin
Bing! Ladies and gentlemen, in a few minutes the captain will turn off the fasten seatbelt sign, but for your own safety we recommend you stay seated and with your seatbelt securely fastened at all times.

(onomatopoeia) The high-pitched sound made by a bell being struck


bing

The sound made by a bell, an onomatopœia.


bing

en-verb

bing (third-person singular simple present bings, present participle binging, simple past and past participle binged)

bings (present singular third-person)
binging (participle present)
binged (participle past)
binged (past)


tubby

en-adj

tubby (comparative tubbier, superlative tubbiest)

tubbier (comparative)
tubbiest (superlative)

From tub + -y. False cognate with chubby, even though they are often interchangeable.

a tubby violin

sounding dull and without resonance or freedom of sound.


gamelan

en-noun

gamelan (countable and uncountable, plural gamelans)

/ˈɡæ.məˌlæn/

Borrowed from Javanese ꦒꦩꦼꦭꦤ꧀ (gamelan), from Old Javanese gamelan.

(music) A genre of music of Indonesian origin typically featuring metallophones, xylophones, drums, gongs and a bamboo flute (called a siuling).


enclosed

en-adj

enclosed (comparative more enclosed, superlative most enclosed)

more enclosed (comparative)
most enclosed (superlative)

castellated

in reference to fountains, cisterns, &c.

(music, of a division within a pipe organ surrounded by a wooden box, one or more sides of which contain slats that can be opened or closed in order to increase or decrease volume) Having closed slats.


ballet

en-noun

ballet (countable and uncountable, plural ballets)

Borrowed from French ballet, from Italian balletto (“short dance, ballet”), diminutive form of ballo (“group dance”), from Late Latin ballō (“to dance”).

der

(music) A light part song, frequently with a fa-la-la chorus, common among Elizabethan and Italian Renaissance composers.


caloric

en-adj

caloric (comparative more caloric, superlative most caloric)

more caloric (comparative)
most caloric (superlative)

From calorie + -ic. From French calorique, coined by French chemist Antoine Lavoisier, from Latin calor (“heat”).

Synonym of calorific (“relating to or producing heat or other energy”).


squall

en-verb

squall (third-person singular simple present squalls, present participle squalling, simple past and past participle squalled)

squalls (present singular third-person)
squalling (participle present)
squalled (participle past)
squalled (past)

From Middle English *squalen and squelen (“to cry, scream, squall”), from Old Norse skvala (“to cry out”), probably ultimately imitative with influence from squeal and bawl.
Cognate with Swedish skvala (“to gush, pour down”), Norwegian skval (“sudden rush of water”). The noun is probably from the verb.

onomatopoeic

imitative

cog

Squalling was the word for it, Pew's anger rose so high at these objections; till at last, his passion completely taking the upper hand, he struck at them right and left in his blindness, and his stick sounded heavily on more than one.

1881–1882, Robert Louis Stevenson, Treasure Island, London; Paris: Cassell & Company, published 14 November 1883, →OCLC:

Squalling like an infuriated cat, the shadow crashed down

The orchestra burst into a sudden loud squalling.

1934 October, George Orwell [pseudonym; Eric Arthur Blair], Burmese Days, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, Publishers, →OCLC:

Some night-bird, belike, or a sea-gull squalling below the headland.

1938, Norman Lindsay, Age of Consent, 1st Australian edition, Sydney, N.S.W.: Ure Smith, published 1962, →OCLC, page 39:

she wrapped the squalling, wriggling baby tightly into the fine cotton sheet

1998, Anne McCafferey, Masterharper of Pern:


squall

→ Polish: szkwał

→ Russian: шквал (škval)

→ Ukrainian: шквал (škval)

onomatopoeic

imitative

Luckily she wasn’t there any more, no one was, when he returned from the Caribbean carnival damp-hatted and soaked through after being caught unprepared by a squall of hard, hot rain.

2001, Salman Rushdie, Fury: A Novel, London: Jonathan Cape, →ISBN, page 5:

With reports of the Japanese forces bearing down on them confirmed, Rear Admiral Sprague orders his ships east, heading towards a series of rain squalls, hoping for concealment. This will hopefully delay the Japanese closing the range, and also draw them away from the much-more-vulnerable landing ships.

2019 February 27, Drachinifel, 10:57 from the start, in The Battle of Samar - Odds? What are those?, archived from the original on 2022-11-03:

(often nautical) A sudden storm, as found in a squall line.

(meteorology) A squall line, multicell line, or part of a squall line.

But the third Emir, now seeing himself all alone on the quarter-deck, seems to feel relieved from some curious restraint; for, tipping all sorts of knowing winks in all sorts of directions, and kicking off his shoes, he strikes into a sharp but noiseless squall of a hornpipe right over the Grand Turk’s head; and then, by a dexterous sleight, pitching his cap up into the mizentop for a shelf, he goes down rollicking so far at least as he remains visible from the deck, reversing all other processions, by bringing up the rear with music.

1851 November 14, Herman Melville, chapter 34, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC, page 163:

The media present rising prices as a passing squall for the middle class, brought on by Vlad ’n’ Liz and resulting in spiking mortgage rates and fewer trips to Waitrose. But beneath those headlines are millions of others for whom the problem isn’t rising prices, but falling incomes.

2023 August 17, Aditya Chakrabortty, “Can’t pay and they really do take it away: what happens when the bailiffs come knocking”, in The Guardian:


kapellmeister

(music) A leader or conductor of a musical group such as an orchestra.

The daily routine of the Hofkapelle was normally entrusted to the Kapellmeister. This was the most important musical position at court.

2014, Sterling E. Murray, The Career of an Eighteenth-Century Kapellmeister: The Life and Music of Antonio Rosetti, Boydell & Brewer, →ISBN, page 41:

(music, historical) Person in charge of music at a noble court during the baroque and classical period.


theorbo

/θi.ˈɔː.bəʊ/

From Italian tiorba, from Turkish torba.

(music) A baroque, double-necked lute having an extra set of open bass strings.


zouk

From French secouer (“to shake up”), via creole.

From 6:30 to 8:30 p.m., Brooklyn’s own ReggaeLution band will perform, and at 9, D.J. Lumumba (a k a Revolution) will preside over an inclusive Caribbean dance party, from bachata to zouk and back again.

2007 August 3, The New York Times, “Dance Listings”, in New York Times:

(music) A style of dance music originating in the French Antilles, combining Latin American, African and Western disco rhythms; a dance to this music


nose flute

A flute playing by blowing through one's nose.


nuclear magnetic resonance

en-noun

nuclear magnetic resonance (uncountable)

electromagnetic radiation
electromagnetic radiation

magnetic resonance imaging
magnetic resonance imaging

(nuclear physics) The absorption of electromagnetic radiation (radio waves), at a specific frequency, by an atomic nucleus placed in a strong magnetic field; used in spectroscopy and in magnetic resonance imaging.

核磁共振

absorption of electromagnetic radiation by an atomic nucleus placed in a strong magnetic field


daybreak

daybreak (countable and uncountable, plural daybreaks)

Osnabrück, reached at daybreak, is a remarkable two-level station on the lines of Willesden Junction.

1949 September and October, “The "Nord Express"”, in Railway Magazine, page 336:


blister

blister (countable and uncountable, plural blisters)

→ Polish: blister

From Middle English blister, from Old French blestre, from a Germanic source. Compare Middle Dutch blyster (“swelling”), Old Norse blastr (“a blowing”).

Inspect them for rub marks and blisters; tape or bandage rub marks; clean the skin around a blister, use a sterilised needle to puncture it at its outer edge and press out the fluid, then bandage.

1967, Donald Howard Grainger, Don't Die in the Bundu:

A small bubble between the layers of the skin that contains watery or bloody fluid and is caused by friction and pressure, burning, freezing, chemical irritation, disease, or infection.


blister

en-verb

blister (third-person singular simple present blisters, present participle blistering, simple past and past participle blistered)

blisters (present singular third-person)
blistering (participle present)
blistered (participle past)
blistered (past)

a chemical agent that blisters the skin

Caliban: As wicked dewe, as ere my mother bruſh'd / With Rauens feather from vnwholeſome Fen / Drop on you both : A Southweſt blow on yee, / And bliſter you all ore.

1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii], page 4:

(cooking, transitive) To sear after blaching.

(intransitive) To break out in blisters.


plump

From Middle English plumpen, akin to Middle Dutch plompen, Middle Low German plumpen, German plumpfen.

As she beheld her, poor Mrs. Mack's heart fluttered up to her mouth, and then dropped with a dreadful plump, into the pit of her stomach.

1863, Sheridan Le Fanu, The House by the Churchyard:


amplifier

(music) A portable encasement that houses a large speaker, used to amplify voices and musical instruments at live performances.


perfect pitch

en-noun

perfect pitch (countable and uncountable, plural perfect pitches)

Coordinate term: relative pitch

(music, uncountable) The ability to identify a note by name on hearing it, or to re-create a specified note from memory, without the benefit of an externally provided reference pitch.

(music, less common, countable or uncountable) The exact pitch of a note, described by its frequency in vibrations per second.


habanera

habanera (countable and uncountable, plural habaneras)

The music of Cuba has had a worldwide influence on forms of song and dance. René Buch who conceived and directed a musical “collage” called “¡Habana!” at the Repertorio Español on East 27th Street, points out the influence on Spain, for example, which received ‘habaneras’ and ‘contradanzas’ from Cuba; in this century, in the 1920's, the “rumba” and such songs as “El Manisero” and “Siboney” made their way north to become part of United States culture.

1982 December 27, Edward Rothstein, “Music: 40 Songs of Cuba”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, page C12:


curfew

From Middle English curfu, from Old French cuevre-fu (French couvre-feu), from the imperative of covrir (“to cover”) + fu (“fire”). Compare kerchief.

вече́рен час

historical regulation requiring fire to be covered/extinguished

Localities across New Jersey imposed curfews to prevent looting. In Monmouth, Ocean and other counties, people waited for hours for gasoline at the few stations that had electricity. Supermarket shelves were stripped bare.

2012 October 31, David M. Halbfinger, “Hurricane Sandy”, in New York Times, retrieved 2012-10-31:

Any regulation requiring people to be off the streets and in their homes by a certain time.

夜間外出禁止令

やかんがいしゅつきんしれい

(historical) A regulation in feudal Europe by which fires had to be covered up or put out at a certain fixed time in the evening, marked by the ringing of an evening bell.


testudo

testudo (plural testudos or testudoes or testudines)

testudos (plural)
testudoes (plural)
testudines (plural)

Unadapted borrowing from Latin testūdō (“tortoise, turtle, lyre, type of military shelter”).

ubor

(music) A kind of lyre; so called in allusion to the lyre of Mercury, fabled to have been made of the shell of a tortoise.


HMI

(technology) Initialism of human-machine interface.


mixer

→ Dutch: mixer

→ French: mixer

→ Polish: mikser

→ Romanian: mixer

desc

→ Russian: ми́ксер (míkser), ми́кшер (míkšer)

→ Turkish: mikser, mixer


violoncello

en-noun

violoncello (plural violoncellos or violoncelli)

violoncellos (plural)
violoncelli (plural)

/ˌvaɪələnˈtʃɛləʊ/

/ˌviːələnˈtʃɛləʊ/

/ˌvaɪələnˈt͡ʃɛloʊ/

A borrowing of Italian violoncello (“little violone”), from violone (“an early form of the double bass”) + -cello (“-elle”, forming diminutives), violone itself being derived from viola + -one (“-oon”, forming augmentatives).

A tentative violoncello is playing, invisible and plaintive, then stops with an asthmatic scrape of catgut.

2002, Michel Faber, The Crimson Petal and the White, Canongate Books (2010), page 110:

Preserved under the rock-hard amber varnish was a beautifully crafted mythological scene depicting a nude man in a lush landscape playing a violoncello to a rapt audience of peaceful animals, including a jaguar, lion, swan, fox, peacock, horse, parrot, dogs, badger, deer, bull, ostrich, and no less than an elephant coming over the hill to join them.

2016, Fred R. Kline, Leonardo’s Holy Child, Pegasus Books Ltd., →ISBN:


mousy

en-adj

mousy (comparative mousier, superlative mousiest)

mousier (comparative)
mousiest (superlative)

From mouse + -y (forms adjectives from nouns).


cor anglais

/ˌkɔːɹ ˈɒŋɡleɪ/

/ˌkɔɹ ɔŋˈɡleɪ/

Borrowed from French cor anglais (literally “English horn”), calqued from a misunderstanding of Middle High German engellisches horn (“angelic horn”), from the resemblance of the instrument to horns played by angels as depicted in the Middle Ages.

der

(music) A double-reed woodwind instrument in the oboe family that is pitched in F, one-fifth lower than the oboe and is consequently approximately one-third longer than the oboe.


microphone

→ Cantonese: 咪高峰 (mai¹ gou¹ fung¹)

→ Chichewa: maikolofoni

→ Fijian: maikorofoni

→ Hausa: makirufo

→ Korean: 마이크로폰 (maikeuropon)

→ Lao: ໄມໂຄຣໂຟນ (mai khōn fōn)

→ Portuguese: microfone

→ Shona: maikorofoni

→ Thai: ไมโครโฟน (mai-kroo-foon)

→ Welsh: meicroffon

Behind the tangled garden of microphones that had sprouted on the lectern, Goldwater spoke softly and casually about his family.

1965, Charles McDowell, Campaign Fever: The National Folk Festival, from New Hampshire to November, 1964, Morrow, page 11:

It rained hard through most of Roosevelt's Second Inaugural. Audio tape recordings of the speech feature the tattoo of the rain on Roosevelt's microphone[…]

1994, High Definition Television: An Annotated Multidisciplinary Bibliography, 1981-1992, page 112:

A device (transducer) used to convert sound waves into a varying electric current; normally fed into an amplifier and either recorded or transmitted over radio.

mikrofoon

transducer of sound waves to electricity


optical spectrum

en-noun

optical spectrum (plural optical spectrums or optical spectra)

optical spectrums (plural)
optical spectra (plural)

(physics) The distribution of colours produced when white light passes through a prism.

(astronomy, physics) The range of frequencies of visible light.


scherzo

Borrowed from Italian scherzo (“joke, play”), from scherzare (“to joke, jest”), from Lombardic *skerzan (“to jump merrily, enjoy oneself, jest”), from Proto-Germanic *skertaną (“to hop, jump”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kerǝd- (“to dance, jump”). Akin to Middle High German scherzen (“to frolic, jump merrily, hop up and down”) (modern German scherzen (“to joke”), Scherz), Norwegian skjerta (“to joke”).

cog

At seven Val knocked – three shorts and one long, out of the scherzo of Beethoven’s Fifth – and I rushed to open.

(music) A piece of music or a movement from a larger piece such as a symphony; especially, a piece of music played in a playful manner.


squawk

First attested in 1821. Unknown, but probably of imitative origin (compare dialectal Italian squacco (“small-crested heron”)).

American night heron
American night heron


visible light

electromagnetic spectrum
electromagnetic spectrum

(physics) The part of the electromagnetic spectrum, between infrared and ultraviolet, that is visible to the human eye.


holler

American variant of holla, hallo or hollo.

I heard a holler from over the fence.

If you need anything, just give me a holler.

(by extension, colloquial) Any communication to get somebody's attention.

gebrul

by extension, any communication to get somebody's attention


holler

en-verb

holler (third-person singular simple present hollers, present participle hollering, simple past and past participle hollered)

hollers (present singular third-person)
hollering (participle present)
hollered (participle past)
hollered (past)

You can holler at your computer as much as you want, but it won't help anything.


roller

→ Welsh: rholer

* From Middle English rollere, equivalent to roll + -er.
* (credits in TV or film): These were originally printed on a physical cylinder that was rotated in front of the camera.

(slang, music) A type break that consists of drum rolls; a drum and bass track made with such breaks.


saddle

→ Japanese: サドル (sadoru)

Homer Tunnel
Milford Sound
Oxford English Dictionary

From Middle English sadel, from Old English sadol, from Proto-West Germanic *sadul, from Proto-Germanic *sadulaz (“saddle”). Further etymology uncertain, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *sod-dʰlo-, from *sed- (“to sit”) + *-dʰlom (a variant of *-trom (suffix forming nouns denoting instruments or tools)), though the Oxford English Dictionary says this “presents formal difficulties”.
cognates
* Danish sadel
* Dutch zadel
* German Sattel
* Icelandic söðull
* Low German Sadel
* Russian седло́ (sedló)
* Saterland Frisian Soadel
* Scots sadil
* Swedish sadel
* West Frisian seal

saal

seat for a rider placed on the back of a horse or other animal

satula

something resembling a saddle in appearance or shape

satula

depression located along the axial trend of an anticline

Something resembling a saddle (sense 1) in appearance or shape.

The part of a guitar which supports the strings and, in an acoustic guitar, transfers their vibrations through the bridge to the soundboard.

satula

A small object (traditionally made of ebony) at the bottom of a string instrument such as a cello, viola, or violin below the tailpiece on which the tailgut (“cord securing the tailpiece to the instrument”) rests.

satula

small object at the bottom of a string instrument below the tailpiece on which the tailgut rests


impressionism

en-noun

impressionism (countable and uncountable, plural impressionisms)

(music) A style that avoided traditional harmony, and sought to invoke the impressions of the composer.


clump

From Middle English clompe, from Old English clymppe, a variant of clympre (“a lump or mass of metal”), from Proto-Germanic *klumpô (“mass, lump, clump; clasp”), from Proto-Indo-European *glembʰ- (“lump, clamp”).
Alternatively, possibly from Middle Dutch clompe or Middle Low German klumpe (compare German Klumpen). Cognates include Danish klump (probably from Low German as well). Compare Norwegian Bokmål klump.

der

She [Miss Climpson] asks questions which a young man could not put without a blush. She is the angel that rushes in where fools get a clump on the head.

1927, Dorothy L. Sayers, Unnatural Death:

Thus, the myths of cinema and syndicated cartoon have served to unite the diverse races far more than the clump of the cricket-ball and the clipped rebukes and laudations of their masters.

1956, Anthony Burgess, Time for a Tiger (The Malayan Trilogy), published 1972, page 37:


serenade

/ˌsɛɹəˈneɪd/

Borrowed from French sérénade, from Italian serenata, from the past participle of serenare, from Latin serenare, from serenus (“calm”), of uncertain origin (see there).

“Eine kleine Nachtmusik” is a well-known serenade written by Mozart.

(music) An instrumental composition in several movements.


smear

en-noun

smear (countable and uncountable, plural smears)

From Middle English smeren, smerien, from Old English smerian, smyrian, smierwan (“to anoint or rub with grease, oil, etc.”), from Proto-West Germanic *smirwijan, from Proto-Germanic *smirwijaną. Doublet of schmear.
Cognate with Saterland Frisian smeere, Dutch smeren, Low German smeren, German schmieren.

(music) A rough glissando in jazz music.


bop

en-verb

bop (third-person singular simple present bops, present participle bopping, simple past and past participle bopped)

bops (present singular third-person)
bopping (participle present)
bopped (participle past)
bopped (past)

onom

Imitative

“Better him than me,” I said while my mother fluttered her blue eyes at me and bopped me on the nose with a wooden spoon.

(colloquial, transitive) To strike gently or playfully.


bop

en-noun

bop (countable and uncountable, plural bops)

That grand wild sound of bop floated from beer parlors; it mixed medleys with every kind of cowboy and boogie-woogie in the American night.

1957, Jack Kerouac, chapter 13, in On the Road, Viking Press, →OCLC:

(uncountable, music) A style of improvised jazz from the 1940s.

[…] their first kiss during the school bop, with Paul Weller singing “You're the Best Thing” and everything tingling from her toes up […]

2012, Barbara Claypole White, The Unfinished Garden, page 308:

(countable) A casual party with dancing; a disco.

Theatres; Music House used for bands; May Ball; very popular weekly bops in JCR and MCR; library (57,000 books); 40 networked PCs, 24-hrs.

2005, Johnny Rich, Push Guide to Which University, page 472:

At universities like Oxford, middle-class students hold 'chav bops' where they dress up as this working-class caricature.

2012, Owen Jones, Chavs: The Demonization of the Working Class, page 120:

(countable, Oxbridge slang) A party hosted by a college's JCR or MCR.


bop

Variant of whop (“to move around quickly with an impact”) and bob (“to move gently vertically”) as well as from the dances above interpreted as a manner of locomotion.

"I bopped down to take Charlie out for a surprise lunch, but he's out at the warehouse doing something with somebody or something. So I'm letting you take me to lunch."

2011, S. E. Finken, Near Misses, page 199:

I'm just bopping, give a fuck who's in the place

2019 July 31, “Taste (Make It Shake)”, Aitch (lyrics):

(informal, transitive, intransitive) To walk casually; to stroll.


bop

(slang, offensive) A promiscuous woman, especially in the context of having a high body count or giving fellatio to many men.


rollover

rollover (countable and uncountable, plural rollovers)

“They blink if I step on the brake at the same time, and anybody who don't step on his brakes when he's makin^([sic]) a turn is lookin^([sic]) to do a rollover.”

1980, Stephen King, Big Wheels: A Tale of the Laundry Game:

(automotive) A road traffic accident in which a vehicle overturns.

kierähdysonnettomuus

automotive: a road traffic accident in which a vehicle overturns

(computing) A graphic element that changes its appearance when the cursor moves over it.

osoitettaessa muuttuva elementti

computing: a graphic element that changes its appearance when the cursor moves over it

(firefighting) The sudden ignition of flammable gasses (produced by pyrolysis in an oxygen-poor environment) near the ceiling of a room or other enclosed space.

palokaasujen syttyminen

firefighting: the sudden ignition of flammable gasses (produced by pyrolysis in an oxygen-poor environment) near the ceiling of a room or other enclosed space

(British) In the National or European lottery, the situation in which a jackpot that has not been won is carried over to the next week.

siirtyminen ensi kierrokselle

Britain: in the National or European lottery, the situation in which a jackpot that has not been won is carried over to the next week


selector

That's my sector, homosexual dissector / Come again, rewind selector

2009, “Medicine Ball”, in Relapse, performed by Eminem:

This sonic body has to decide which music track to play at any particular moment. But when the selector is alone in front of the crowd, how do they know which track to play next?

2011, Julian Henriques, Sonic Bodies, A&C Black, →ISBN, page 125:


svara

(music) A concept in Indian music, comparable to a note or tone.


tro

A type of spike fiddle made from traditionally used in Cambodia and played vertically.


AT

AT (countable and uncountable, plural ATs)

(firefighting, aviation) Abbreviation of air tanker.


klezmer

klezmer (countable and uncountable, plural klezmers or klezmorim)

Borrowed from Yiddish קלעזמער (klezmer), from Hebrew כְּלֵי זֶמֶר (kléy zémer, “musical instruments”).

der

כְּלֵי זֶמֶר

(music, uncountable) A type of popular Jewish folk music especially associated with Ashkenazi cultures.


solar flare

(astronomy) A violent explosion in the Sun's atmosphere.


moonquake

From moon + quake, after the pattern of earthquake.

A seismic event occurring on the moon; the lunar equivalent of an earthquake.


radiophotoluminescence

(physics) the luminescence observed when some minerals or glasses, having been exposed to ionizing radiation, are subsequently exposed to ultraviolet light; exploited in some dosimeters


refract

en-verb

refract (third-person singular simple present refracts, present participle refracting, simple past and past participle refracted)

refracts (present singular third-person)
refracting (participle present)
refracted (participle past)
refracted (past)

From Latin refrāctum, neuter form of refrāctus, the past participle of refringō, itself from re- (“again”) + frangō (“I break”).

A prism can refract light.

(transitive, optics) To cause (light) to change direction as a result of entering a different medium.


moonlighted

“It came downstairs as I went up,” said the trooper, “and crossed the moonlighted window with a loose black mantle on […]”

1852 March – 1853 September, Charles Dickens, “chapter 52”, in Bleak House, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1853, →OCLC:

I sat for hours afterwards, gazing out of the cavern entrance at the moonlighted grove, silent and desolate beyond any telling.

1907, Upton Sinclair, The Overman, New York: Doubleday, Page & Co., page 41:


CDU

(petrochemistry) Initialism of crude distillation unit.


spinet

He gazed around until on the lid of a spinet he spotted a promising collection of bottles, gin, whiskey, vermouth and sherry, mixed with violin bows, a flute, a toppling pile of books, six volumes of Grove's Dictionary mingled with paperback thrillers, a guitar without any strings, a pair of binoculars, a meerschaum pipe and a jar half-full of wasps and apricot jam.

1956, Delano Ames, chapter 14, in Crime out of Mind:

(music) A short, compact harpsichord or piano.


bluegrass

From the band Blue Grass Boys, led by Bill Monroe; bluegrass is first attested in print in reference to the genre of music in 1956.

(music, uncountable) A subgenre of country music with roots in Scots-Irish Appalachian folk music, blues, and jazz and characterized by banjos, fiddles, acoustic guitars, dobros, and mandolins; but containing no drums, electric guitars, pianos or other keyboard or wind instruments.


lighting

en-noun

lighting (countable and uncountable, plural lightings)

The acetylene gas lighting in the station offices and platforms at Kyle of Lochalsh recently has been replaced by electric lighting.

1951 April, “Notes and News: Improvements at Kyle of Lochalsh”, in Railway Magazine, number 600, page 281:

The dawn of the oil age was fairly recent. Although the stuff was used to waterproof boats in the Middle East 6,000 years ago, extracting it in earnest began only in 1859 after an oil strike in Pennsylvania.[…]It was used to make kerosene, the main fuel for artificial lighting after overfishing led to a shortage of whale blubber. Other liquids produced in the refining process, too unstable or smoky for lamplight, were burned or dumped.

2013 August 3, “Yesterday’s fuel”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8847:

The equipment used to provide illumination; the illumination so provided.

We've observed plenty of strikings followed by lightings, so even if we should not say that the strikings cause the lightings, isn't it at least reasonable to predict, and to believe, that the next time we strike a match in similar conditions, it will be followed by a lighting?

2012, Andrew Pessin, Uncommon Sense, page 142:

The act of activating such equipment, or of igniting a flame etc.


arson

en-verb

arson (third-person singular simple present arsons, present participle arsoning, simple past and past participle arsoned)

arsons (present singular third-person)
arsoning (participle present)
arsoned (participle past)
arsoned (past)

From Anglo-Norman and Old French arson, from the verb ardoir, from Latin ardeō (“to burn”). Compare ardent.

(transitive, chiefly India) To illegally set fire to; to burn down in a criminal manner.


toque

en-noun

toque (countable and uncountable, plural toques)

(music) A rhythm used in Latin music, especially Cuban religious rituals.

(music) The guitar part of flamenco music.


oom-pah

Onomatopoeia of the sound and rhythm of German folk music.

(music) A genre of Germanic music (especially Bavarian music) typically involving brass instruments.

An oom-pah bassline:
{\clef bass<<{\set Staff.midiInstrument=#"muted trumpet"\repeat unfold4{c8r g,r\\\new Staff\with{midiInstrument="muted trumpet"}{\clef bass\repeat unfold8{r8-.}}>>}}}

(music) A bassline characteristic of such music, alternating lower and higher notes or chords on the beat, or in a mid-high-low-high sequence.


ignition

ignition (countable and uncountable, plural ignitions)

mechanical engineering
mechanical engineering

(automotive, mechanical engineering) A system for activating combustion in a combustion engine.

запалване

system for activating combustion in an engine


upbeat

The conductor said: I give you three beats for nothing and then you come in on the upbeat.

An unaccented beat at the start of a musical phrase.