brownie

en-noun

brownie (countable and uncountable, plural brownies)

→ Belarusian: бра́ўні (bráŭni)

→ Chinese: 布朗尼 (bùlǎngní)

→ French: brownie

→ German: Brownie

→ Hungarian: brownie

→ Irish: donnóg (calque)

→ Italian: brownie

→ Japanese: ブラウニー (buraunī)

→ Lithuanian: braunis

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: brownie

→ Polish: brownie

→ Portuguese: brownie

→ Russian: бра́уни (bráuni)

→ Kazakh: брауни (brauni)

→ Spanish: brownie

→ Thai: บราวนี (bpraao-níi)

→ Turkish: brownie, browni, brovni

→ Welsh: browni

From brown + -ie (diminutive suffix). In folkloric sense, originally Scots.

[…]if she ever found out she was dying, she'd just eat brownies all day and night until the very end.

2000, Lori Gottlieb, Stick Figure: a diary of my former self, page 173:

Rona served Althea coffee with yellow milk curdling in the center, and a hunk of brownie, and Althea said, “Thanks so much.”

2000, Elizabeth Stuckey-French, “The Visible Man”, in The First Paper Girl in Red Oak, Iowa and Other Stories, New York, N.Y.: Doubleday, →ISBN, page 197:

On a Saturday afternoon, my wife bought her favorite treat for dessert that evening, a gourmet, nut-filled brownie.

2005, Aaron Lazare, On Apology, unnumbered page:

After cooking the brownies until we could smell the pot, we each ate a large brownie.

2005, Steve Otto, Memoirs of a Drugged-Up, Sex-Crazed Yippie, page 228:

“If she has to list everyone from school friends to teachers, this is going to take a while, huh?” Stephanie commented, slipping a generous slice of brownie onto a plate. […] She carried a plate with a slice of brownie around and set it in front of Basil, […]

2015, Lynsay Sands, The Immortal who Loved Me, London: Gollancz, →ISBN, pages 224–225:

As their coffee and cakes arrived – Tim had opted for a slice of brownie that looked about as impressive as the table – she noticed that the initials TL were inscribed on his cufflinks, and also, confirming what Molly had told her, that he had no ring on the fourth finger of his left hand.

2017, Cressida McLaughlin, The Once in a Blue Moon Guesthouse, London: HarperCollinsPublishers, →ISBN, page 37:

John A. Simpson
w:John Simpson (lexicographer)

The Oxford English Dictionary
w:Oxford English Dictionary

Clarendon Press
w:Oxford University Press

(usually countable, cooking, originally US) A small square piece of rich cake, usually made with chocolate.

It was an amusing sight to see the three of us, each with a huge hunch of “browny” (bread sweetened with brown sugar and currants) in one hand, and a lump of ice in the other, for there was no water within reach.

1883, James Edge Partington, “A Race Meeting in the Bush—A Graphic Though Ungallant Picture—Life on an Australian Stock Farm—[…]” (chapter VII), in Random Rot. A Journal of Three Years’ Wanderings about the World., Altrincham: […] [T]he Guardian Office, page 312:

They rode quietly along to the stockman’s hut, gave their message, rested their horses for half-an-hour, and had some tea without milk, and a piece of cake made of flour, fat, and sugar, commonly known as [“]browny.”

1890, E[lphinstone] Davenport Cleland, “‘The Shaking’ Mallee Tree”, in The White Kangaroo. A Tale of Colonial Life. Founded on Fact., London: Wells Gardner, Darton, & Co., […], page 57:

Four o’clock, “Smoke O!” again, and more tea and “brownie” (a bread sweetened with sugar and currants).

1890 September 20, M. Hirst Browne, “Shearing-Time in the Riverine”, in The Argus, number 13,804, Melbourne, Vic., page 13, column 6:

Roast mutton and brownie are given us to eat, and with a billy of tea beside us we are comfortable enough, prisoners and all.

1892, Gilbert Parker, “Glimpses of Australian Life: In Time of Drought”, in Round the Compass in Australia, Melbourne, Vic., […]: E[dward] W[illiam] Cole, […], part I, page 36:

Pile of “brownie” on the bare black boards at the end of the table.

1900, Henry Lawson, “‘A Rough Shed’”, in On the Track, Sydney, N.S.W.: Angus and Robertson, […], page 129:

Undoubtedly our Christmas dinner was a huge success—from a black fellow’s point of view it was the most sensible thing we Whites had ever organised; for half the Vealer, another huge pudding, several yards of sweet currant “brownie,” a new pipe apiece, and a few pounds of tobacco had found their way to the “humpy”; […]

[1908], Jeannie Gunn, chapter XXIII, in We of the Never-Never, London: Hutchinson & Co. […], page 251:

As he spoke I tossed some tea into a billy-can of boiling water and as we sipped at our pannikin of tea and ate at a slice of brownie, old Mirawong told me the story of Manbuk and the seven sisters of the heavens.

1959, W[illiam] E[dward] (Bill) Harney, “Of crocodiles and stars”, in Tales from the Aborigines, London: Robert Hale Limited, […], part one (Tales of Fantasy), page 40:

However, a couple of days later, I was passing near Old Jim’s camp and he called us over for a mug of tea and a hunk of brownie.

1959, H[arold] P[ercival] ‘Duke’ Tritton, Time Means Tucker, Arncliffe, N.S.W.: Akron Press, published 1984, →ISBN, pages 58–59:

Edward E[llis] Morris
w:Edward Ellis Morris

Macmillan and Co. Limited
w:Macmillan Publishers

Benjamin E[li] Smith
w:Benjamin Eli Smith

The Century Dictionary
w:Century Dictionary

C[harles] T[albut] Onions
w:Charles Talbut Onions

(uncountable, cooking, Australia and New Zealand) A sweet bread with brown sugar and currants.

He rose and jingled in his pockets for change and drew out two brownies. He went and set one on each of Monroe’s eyes[.]

1997, Charles Frazier, chapter 2, in Cold Mountain, London: Hodder and Stoughton, page 36:

A copper coin, brown in colour; a penny, halfpenny, or cent.

(informal) A brown trout (Salmo trutta).

Alternative letter-case form of Brownie (“a girl in the first level of Girl Guides (US: Girl Scouts)”).


scrap

scrap (countable and uncountable, plural scraps)

From Middle English scrappe, from Old Norse skrap, from skrapa (“to scrape, scratch”), from Proto-Germanic *skrapōną, *skrepaną (“to scrape, scratch”), from Proto-Indo-European *skreb-, *skrep- (“to engrave”).

(UK, in the plural) A piece of deep-fried batter left over from frying fish, sometimes sold with chips.


fudge

fudge (countable and uncountable, plural fudges)

Probably a variant of fadge (“to fit”), the confectionery sense having evolved from the meaning of “merging together” or “turning out as expected”.

Have you tried the vanilla fudge? It's delicious!

(chiefly uncountable) A type of very sweet candy or confection, usually made from sugar, butter, and milk or cream.

Here comes the fudge!

(euphemistic, slang) Fecal matter; feces.


fudge

en-verb

fudge (third-person singular simple present fudges, present participle fudging, simple past and past participle fudged)

fudges (present singular third-person)
fudging (participle present)
fudged (participle past)
fudged (past)

To cheat, especially in the game of marbles.


seal

seal (third-person singular simple present seals, present participle sealing, simple past and past participle sealed)

seals (present singular third-person)
sealing (participle present)
sealed (participle past)
sealed (past)

From Middle English sele, from Anglo-Norman sëel, from Latin sigillum, a diminutive of signum (“sign”).
Doublet of sigil and sigillum.

Seal the meat and continue frying until nicely browned.

1993, Daran Little, Life and Times at the Rovers Return, page 113:

(cooking, transitive) To fry (meat) at a high temperature to retain the juices.


badian

From French badiane, from Persian بادیان (bâdiyân).


chai

en-noun

chai (usually uncountable, plural chais)

From Hindustani चाय / چائے (cāy, “tea”), from Classical Persian چَای (čāy) (and Turkish çay, and cognates) from Sinitic 茶 (chá). Doublet of tea; see that page for extended history.

‘So much for making chai,ʼ she teases, but lets him do the rest of the work. He adds the tea leaves to the boiling milk, then strains the liquid into cups.

2023, Santanu Bhattacharya, One Small Voice, Fig Tree, page 350:

Ellipsis of masala chai, a beverage made with black teas, steamed milk and sweet spices, based loosely on Indian recipes.


chai

Borrowed from French chai, from Occitan.

The Kanon era lasted a mere 10 years, yet he had the château constructed, invested substantially in the vineyard and chais, and established the wine as one of the leading labels in the area.

2004, Clive Coates, The Wines of Bordeaux, University of California Press, →ISBN, page 302:

(winemaking) A place above ground for storing wine casks.


bay

From Middle English baye, baie, from Old English beġ (“berry”), as in beġbēam (“berry-tree”), conflated with Old French baie, from Latin bāca (“berry”).

(US, dialect) A tract covered with bay trees.


bay

From Middle English, from Old French baee, beee, from the verb beer (“gape open”), from Early Medieval Latin batāre. Compare Modern French baie. More at bevel, badinage.

There is a short bay at the west end of each platform, but neither is used for passenger trains.

1946 May and June, G. A. Sekon, “L.B.S.C.R. West Coast Section—3”, in Railway Magazine, page 149:


bay leaf

A piece of marigold or bay leaf was imbedded in the metal, and over it a carbuncle or chrysolite was placed.

1936, Rollo Ahmed, The Black Art, London: Long, page 155:

A herb derived from any of certain shrubs of the family Lauraceae and Myrtaceae.


loin

From Middle English loyne, from Old French loigne, from Vulgar Latin *lumbea, from Latin lumbus, of uncertain origin, possibly from Oscan-Umbrian *londwo- or Proto-Germanic *lundwuz, both ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ- (“kidney, waist”). Cognate with Modern English lend (“loin”), Dutch lende, German Lende, Swedish länd (“haunch, loin”), Danish lænd, Proto-Slavic *lędvьje (Russian ля́двея (ljádveja)). Doublet of lend.

unc

uncertain

der

Holonym: side

Coordinate term: flank (coordinate especially in butchery; not consistently differentiated regarding the human body)

The part of the body (of humans and quadrupeds) at each side of the backbone, between the ribs and hips.

Any of several cuts of meat taken from this part of an animal.


loaf

→ Bengali: লোফ (lōph)

→ Marshallese: ļoob

→ Norwegian Bokmål: loff

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: loff

→ Scottish Gaelic: lofa

* From Middle English lof, laf, from Old English hlāf (“bread, loaf of bread”), from Proto-West Germanic *hlaib, from Proto-Germanic *hlaibaz (“bread, loaf”), of uncertain origin. Perhaps related to Old English hlifian (“to stand out prominently, tower up”). Cognate with Scots laif (“loaf”), German Laib (“loaf”), Swedish lev (“loaf”), Russian хлеб (xleb, “bread, loaf”), Polish chleb (“bread”); as a borrowing, Finnish leipä (“bread”), Estonian leib (“black bread”). Doublet of chleb and khleb.
* (brain or head): Rhyming slang, shortened from "loaf of bread".

cog

Philander went into the next room[…]and came back with a salt mackerel that dripped brine like a rainstorm. Then he put the coffee pot on the stove and rummaged out a loaf of dry bread and some hardtack.

1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter VIII, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y., London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:

(also loaf of bread) A block of bread after baking.


hundreds and thousands

PIE word
 *ḱm̥tóm
From hundreds + and + thousands. Sense 2 (“tiny balls or strands of multicoloured sugar”) is from the fact that the confectionery is made up of numerous sugar pieces.

So there you have them - Onoda, Gund, Eclipse - all squidged together on the same spoon, their flavours intermingling under a bleeding crust of hundreds-and-thousands.

2003, Neil Wills, “Surfers′ Paradise”, in Third Way, page 12:

Hundreds and thousands, commonly yet boringly called “sprinkles” in North America, are enough to make any child smile. Sprinkled over a cookie and sandwiched around creamy ice cream makes for sheer bliss!

2007, Pippa Cuthbert, Lindsay Cameron Wilson, Cookies!, New Holland Publishers (UK), archived from the original on 2016-09-17, page 96:

(UK, Ireland, Commonwealth) Tiny balls or strands of multicoloured sugar, sprinkled over ice cream, desserts or party foods.


rack

en-verb

rack (third-person singular simple present racks, present participle racking, simple past and past participle racked)

racks (present singular third-person)
racking (participle present)
racked (participle past)
racked (past)

It is in common practice to draw wine or beer from the lees (which we call racking), whereby it will clarify much the sooner.

1627 (indicated as 1626), Francis [Bacon], “(please specify the page, or |century=I to X)”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], London: […] William Rawley […]; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC:

The Darwin administrator, J.C. Archer, with great ceremony, turned on the flow to rack the precious golden stuff into casks.

1987, Keith Dunstan, The Amber Nectar, Ringwood: Vicking O'Neil, page 108:

(brewing) To clarify, and thereby deter further fermentation of, beer, wine or cider by draining or siphoning it from the dregs.

klaren

brewing: to clarify by draining or siphoning from the dregs


breakfast cereal

en-noun

breakfast cereal (countable and uncountable, plural breakfast cereals)

A food made from processed grains, such as maize, oats, wheat or rice, usually eaten for breakfast with milk and sometimes sugar.

早餐穀物 /早餐谷物

no exact equivalent exists, the following are references only

麥片 /麦片

technically "rolled oats" but can be understood as cereal

ontbijtgranen n pl (if used in singular it merely means cereal eaten in any form at breakfast)


corn flakes

corn flakes pl (normally plural, singular corn flake)

→ Bulgarian: корнфле́йкс (kornfléjks)

→ Danish: cornflakes

→ German: Cornflakes

→ Greek: κορνφλέικς (kornfléiks)

→ Icelandic: kornflex

→ Norwegian Bokmål: cornflakes

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: cornflakes

→ Polish: kornfleksy

→ Russian: корнфле́кс (kornfléks)

→ Swedish: cornflakes

A breakfast cereal made from toasted flakes of maize.


cereal

cereal (countable and uncountable, plural cereals)

/ˈsɪə.ɹɪ.əl/

Borrowed from French céréale (“having to do with cereal”), from Latin Cerealis (“of or relating to Ceres”), from Ceres (“Roman goddess of agriculture”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱer- (“grow”), from which also Latin sincerus (English sincere) and Latin crēscō (“grow”) (English crescent).

der

Would you like some cereal?

Which cereal would you like for breakfast?

a bowl of cereal


fodder

en-noun

fodder (countable and uncountable, plural fodders)

From Middle English fodder, foder, from Old English fōdor (“feed; fodder”), from Proto-West Germanic *fōdr, from Proto-Germanic *fōdrą, from *fōdô (“food”), from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂- (“to guard, graze, feed”).
Compare Saterland Frisian Fodder, West Frisian foer, Dutch voer (“pasture; fodder”), German Futter (“fodder; feed”), Danish foder, Swedish foder. More at food.

der

Coordinate term: feed

The sheep for fodder follow the shepherd, the shepherd for food follows not the sheep.

c. 1590–1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Two Gentlemen of Verona”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:

Food for animals; that which is fed to cattle, horses, and sheep, such as hay, cornstalks, vegetables, etc.


smash

en-noun

smash (countable and uncountable, plural smashes)

→ Czech: smeč

→ Serbo-Croatian: smeč

→ Turkish: smaç

From a blend of smack + mash. Compare Swedish smask (“to smack with the lips”), dialectal Swedish smaska (“to smack, kiss”), Danish smaske (“to smack with the lips”), Low German smaksen (“to smack with the lips, kiss”).

cog

A kind of julep cocktail containing chunks of fresh fruit that can be eaten after finishing the drink.


mild

From Middle English milde, from Old English milde (“mild”), from Proto-Germanic *mildijaz (“mild”), from Proto-Indo-European *melh₂- (“to beat, pound, grind”).
Cognate with Scots mild, myld (“mild”), Saterland Frisian milde (“mild”), West Frisian myld (“mild”), Dutch mild (“mild”), Low German milde (“mild”), German mild (“mild”), Danish, Swedish and Norwegian Bokmål mild (“mild”), Icelandic mildur (“mild”), Latin mollis (“soft, gentle”), Lithuanian malonus (“pleasing, pleasant, kind”), Old Norse mildr.

cog

'Let me get this for the lady,' I said to Fange, who was pulling her a pint of mild.

1998, Robert Rankin, The Dance of the Voodoo Handbag, page 112:

But Stella shouldn't really be drunk in pints the same way our dads used to drink bitter or mild that was effectively half as strong.

2011, Pete Brown, Three Sheets to the Wind:

(British) A relatively low-gravity beer, often with a dark colour; mild ale


supreme

en-verb

supreme (third-person singular simple present supremes, present participle supreming, simple past and past participle supremed)

supremes (present singular third-person)
supreming (participle present)
supremed (participle past)
supremed (past)

From Middle English suppreme, partly from Middle French suppreme, supreme and partly from its etymon, Latin suprēmus, superlative of superus (“that is above”). Doublet of supremo, and equivalent to super + -eme.

(transitive, cooking) To divide a citrus fruit into its segments, removing the skin, pith, membranes, and seeds.


supreme

Faced with a choice between the Supreme, the Hawaiian [...], the Capricciosa or the Meat Lovers', the bogan will invariably gravitate to the meal most likely to induce a fatal disease.

2010, Michael Jayfox, E. Chas McSween, Intravenus DeMilo, Enron Hubbard, Hunter McKenzie-Smythe, Flash Johnson, Things Bogans Like, Sydney: Hachette, page 117:

(cooking) A pizza having a large number of the most common toppings, such as pepperoni, bell peppers, onions, mushrooms, olives, etc.

(cooking) A breast of chicken or duck with the wing bone attached.

(cooking) Anything from which all skin, bones, and other parts which are not eaten have been removed, such as a skinless fish fillet.


boil

From Middle English boillen, from Old French boillir (see French bouillir) from Latin bullīre (“to bubble, boil”), from bulla (“bubble”). Displaced native Old English weallan (intransitive) and wiellan (transitive). More at wall, well.

Surface water will do, but give it a good boil before drinking it.


boil

boil (third-person singular simple present boils, present participle boiling, simple past and past participle boiled or (nonstandard, regional) boilt)

boils (present singular third-person)
boiling (participle present)
boiled (participle past)
boiled (past)
boilt (nonstandard participle past regional)
boilt (nonstandard past regional)

kook

heat (a liquid) until it begins to turn into a gas

Boil the eggs for three minutes.

Is the rice boiling yet?

Toad, that vnder cold ſtone, / Dayes and Nights ha's thirty one: / Sweltred Venom ſleeping got, / Boyle thou firſt i'th'charmed pot.

c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i], page 143, column 2:

(transitive, intransitive) To cook in boiling water.


cardamom

en-noun

cardamom (countable and uncountable, plural cardamoms)

Late Middle English, from Old French cardamome or Latin cardamōmum, from Ancient Greek καρδάμωμον (kardámōmon).

grains of paradise
grains of paradise#English

Aframomum melegueta
Aframomum melegueta#Translingual

(uncommon, inexact) Synonym of grains of paradise, the seeds or seed capsules of Aframomum melegueta, of East Africa.


tun

From Middle English tunne, tonne (“cask, barrel”), from Old English tunne (“tun, cask, barrel”), from Proto-Germanic *tunnǭ, *tunnō (“tun, barrel, cask”), from Latin tunna, probably of Gaulish origin.
Cognate with North Frisian tenn (“tun, barrel, cask”), Dutch ton (“tun, barrel, cask”), German Tonne (“tun, barrel, drum”), Danish tønde (“barrel”), Swedish tunna (“barrel, cask, tun”), Icelandic tunna (“barrel”). Compare also Old French tonne, French tonneau (“ton, barrel”), Medieval Latin tunna (“cask”), Middle Irish tunna (“cask”), Welsh tynell (“tun, barrel”). It is uncertain whether the Germanic or the Celtic forms are the original.


butt

en-verb

butt (third-person singular simple present butts, present participle butting, simple past and past participle butted)

butts (present singular third-person)
butting (participle present)
butted (participle past)
butted (past)

From Middle English butten, from Anglo-Norman buter, boter (“to push, butt, strike”), from Frankish *bautan (“to hit, beat”), from Proto-Germanic *bautaną (“to beat, push”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewd- (“to beat, push, strike”). Cognate with Old English bēatan (“to beat”). More at beat.

һөҙөшөү

(intransitive) to strike bluntly with the head

Teacher! He just butted me!

Additionally, kids are pinched, fondled, propositioned, and hit; and it all goes unseen amid the general confusion and nonspecific orders from the cafeteria supervisors who are yelling things like, "Keep it down, you people!" "No butting!" "Wait your turn, boys!" All of which sound as though there is law and order, just no actual justice to the victim.

2016, Chandler, Dan, Bullying in Plain Sight: How Inattentive Adults Encourage the School Bullies, Mustang, O.K.: Tate Publishing and Enterprises, LLC, →ISBN, page 45:

(transitive, intransitive, eastern Canada, parts of the northeastern US) To cut in line (in front of someone).


butt

Originally apparently a less-desired cut, named either due to its often being packed in butts (“casks”) for storage and shipping, or from the use of butt to refer to "the larger or thicker end of something, in distinction from the sharp or narrow end" or "the waste end".

Cut the foot off one inch above the joint, as this makes a much neater looking shoulder. The top third of the shoulder that was removed from the “California ham” is known as the shoulder butt. This piece is divided into lean butt ("Boston Butt") and fat butt ("Clear Plate") […] The lean butt makes an excellent roast.

1926, E. C. Johnson, Edward James Wilford, Ernest Newton Fergus, George Roberts, Henry Ernest Curtis, John B. Hutson, Oscar Bernard Jesness, William Durrett Nicholls, Man Labor, Horse Work and Materials Used in Producing Crops in Christian County, page 365:

Alternative choices for the shoulder butt oven roast: if you are buying the butt of pork then you must enjoy the flavour that you get only with the fattiet cuts of meat; consequently I suggest the boneless pork loin rib end. Apart from the butt, this wonderful piece of pork has the most fat […]

2003, Harry Jordan, Meat Harry: A Meat Lover's Guide to Buying and Preparing Beef, Pork, and Poultry, GeneralStore PublishingHouse, →ISBN, page 114:

Wrap the pork butt. Work quickly and purposefully to minimize the time the pork butt is out of the smoker. Place the pork butt in the center of a single 18 x 36-inch piece of foil.

2019 July 22, Chris Grove, The Offset Smoker Cookbook: Pitmaster Techniques and Mouthwatering Recipes for Authentic, Low-and-Slow BBQ, Simon and Schuster, →ISBN, page 85:

The shoulder of an animal, especially the portion above the picnic, as a cut of meat.


measure

→ Japanese: メジャー (mejā)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-measure.wav

From Middle English mesure, from Old French mesure, from Latin mēnsūra (“a measure”), from mēnsus, past participle of mētīrī (“to measure”). Displaced native Old English metan (“to measure”) and ġemet (“a measure”).

lainsäädäntötoimenpide

piece of legislation as course of action

a measure of salt

(now chiefly cooking) A receptacle or vessel of a standard size, capacity etc. as used to deal out specific quantities of some substance.


clove

en-noun

clove (countable and uncountable, plural cloves)

From Middle English clove, an alteration of earlier clowe, borrowed from the first component of Old French clou (de girofle) (modern French clou de girofle), from Latin clāvus (“nail”) for its shape. Also see clāva (“knotty branch, club”). Doublet of clou and clavus.

(uncountable, countable) A very pungent aromatic spice, the unexpanded flower bud of the clove tree.

Syzygium aromaticum
Syzygium aromaticum#Translingual

(countable) A clove tree, of the species Syzygium aromaticum (syn. Caryophyllus aromaticus), native to the Moluccas (Indonesian islands), which produces the spice.


clove

From Middle English clove, from Old English clufu, from Proto-West Germanic *klubu, from Proto-Germanic *klubō, related to clēofan (“to cleave, split”), hence with the verbal etymology hereafter.

clove of garlic, garlic clove, clove of a sea-onion, clove of shallot, cloves of bulbs

(horticulture, cooking) One of the small bulbs formed in the axils of the scales of a large bulb.

до́лька f (dólʹka, literally “segment”) (чеснока́)


clove

Borrowed from Dutch klove (now kloof). Doublet of kloof.

(geography) A narrow valley with steep sides, used in areas of North America first settled by the Dutch


roll

en-verb

roll (third-person singular simple present rolls, present participle rolling, simple past and past participle rolled)

rolls (present singular third-person)
rolling (participle present)
rolled (participle past)
rolled (past)

From Middle English rollen, partly from Old French roller, roler, röeler, röoler, from Medieval Latin rotulāre (“to roll; to revolve”), from Latin rotula (“a little wheel”), diminutive of rota (“a wheel”); partly from Anglo-Latin rollāre, from the same ultimate source.

rol

to cause something to revolve by turning over and over

rol

to move, or cause to be moved, upon rollers or small wheels

Sometimes I'd roll a stray drunk, maybe steal a suitcase . . . anything so I could make it till morning

1990 June 10, Jan Herman, quoting Herbert Huncke, “The Beatnick's Beatnick”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

They rolled him for his money, and that would have been that, but the guy tried to fight back.

2006, Elizabeth Gaffney, Metropolis, page 422:


roll

From Middle English rolle, from Old French rolle, role, roule, from Medieval Latin rotulus (“a roll, list, catalogue, schedule, record, a paper or parchment rolled up”); as such, it is a doublet of role and rotulus.

a roll of fat, of wool, paper, cloth, etc.


garnish

en-verb

garnish (third-person singular simple present garnishes, present participle garnishing, simple past and past participle garnished)

garnishes (present singular third-person)
garnishing (participle present)
garnished (participle past)
garnished (past)

From Middle English garnysshen, from Old French garniss-, stem of certain forms of the verb garnir, guarnir, warnir (“to provide, furnish, avert, defend, warn, fortify, garnish”), from a conflation of Old Frankish *warnijan (“to refuse, deny”) and *warnōn (“warn, protect, prepare, beware, guard oneself”), from Proto-Germanic *warnijaną (“to worry, care, heed”) and Proto-Germanic *warnōną (“to warn”); both from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“to defend, protect, cover”). Cognate with Old English wiernan (“to withhold, be sparing of, deny, refuse, reject, decline, forbid, prevent from, avert”) and warnian (“to warn, caution, take warning, take heed, guard oneself against, deny”). More at warn.

cog

a dish garnished with parsley

(cooking) To ornament with something placed around it.


garnish

(cooking) Something set round or upon a dish as an embellishment.


hippocras

From Middle English ypocras, from Old French ipocras, ypocras (“Hippocrates”), after Medieval Latin vinum Hippocraticum (“Hippocrates's wine”) (because it was filtered through a Hippocratic sleeve).

der

It is long since that disorderly potentate [the Lord of Misrule] went the way of the Dodo, and hippocras has become almost as mythical as ambrosia; but, once upon a time, they played a prominent part in legal education.

1861 November 23, J. Hamilton Fyfe, “High Days in the Temple”, in The Eclectic Magazine of Foreign Literature, Science, and Art, volume V, number 126, New York, N.Y.: Leavitt, Trow, & Co., →OCLC, page 610, column 2:

Spiced wine, sweetened with sugar or honey, perhaps the original of the modern liqueur, was employed occasionally under the name of hippocras.

1882, James Edwin Thorold Rogers, A History of Agriculture and Prices in England, volume 4, page 641:

(historical) A cordial, made from a spiced wine mixed with sugar and spices, usually including cinnamon, which are strained out by a cloth before the drink is consumed.

hypocras

cordial made from a spiced wine mixed with sugar and spices


bloom

en-noun

bloom (countable and uncountable, plural blooms)

From Middle English blome, from Old Norse blóm, from Proto-Germanic *blōmô (“flower”). Doublet of bloom (“spongy mass of metal”); see there for more.

(cooking) A white area of cocoa butter that forms on the surface of chocolate when warmed and cooled.


bloom

en-verb

bloom (third-person singular simple present blooms, present participle blooming, simple past and past participle bloomed)

blooms (present singular third-person)
blooming (participle present)
bloomed (participle past)
bloomed (past)

From Middle English bloom (“a blossom”).

(cooking) To bring out the flavor of a spice by cooking it in oil.

(intransitive, cooking, of chocolate) To develop a layer of bloom (white, spotty areas of cocoa butter) due to repeated warming and cooling.

(cooking) To let carbon dioxide to escape from coffee in order to improve the taste.

(cooking) To hydrate ingredients (such as gelatin or yeast) before using them.


porter

From Middle English porter, portere, portier, borrowed from Anglo-Norman portour and Old French porteor, from Late Latin portātor, from past participle of Latin portāre (“to carry”). By surface analysis, port (“to carry”) + -er.

surf

non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger

2022 December 14, David Turner, “The Edwardian Christmas getaway...”, in RAIL, number 972, page 35:
Tips were an important part of porters' income, and at Christmas passengers felt there was extra pressure to give them - despite some perceiving the level of service to be poor.

[…] useful only if you are a Perl porter or implementor and you want to check the efficiency of the hashing algorithm.

1998, Michael McMillan, Perl from the Ground Up, page 45:

(computing) One who ports software (makes it usable on another platform).


porter

en-noun

porter (countable and uncountable, plural porters)

→ Irish: pórtar

From Middle English porter, portere, portare, borrowed from Anglo-Norman portour and Old French portier, from Late Latin portarius (“gatekeeper”), from Latin porta (“gate”).

(countable) A person in control of the entrance to a building.

портиер

person in control of a building entrance

Coordinate term: stout

(countable, uncountable, beer) A strong, dark ale, originally favored by porters (etymology 1, sense 1), similar to a stout but less strong.

‘Here, Pat, give us a g.p., like a good fellow.’ The curate brought him a glass of plain porter. The man drank it at a gulp and asked for a caraway seed.

1904–1907 (date written), James Joyce, “Counterparts”, in Dubliners, London: Grant Richards, published June 1914, →OCLC, page 107:


cider

cider (countable and uncountable, plural ciders)

→ Bulgarian: са́йдер (sájder)

→ Finnish: siideri

→ Jersey Dutch: sâiter

→ Japanese: サイダー (saidā)

→ Korean: 사이다 (saida)

[ˈsʌɪ̯ɾə(ɹ)]

From Middle English sider, cidre, sidre, from Old French cisdre, sidre (“beverage made from fermented apples”), from Medieval Latin sīcera, from Ancient Greek σίκερα (síkera, “fermented liquor, strong drink”), from Hebrew שֵׁכָר (šēḵār, “liquor”). Doublet of cyser. Displaced native English apple wine.

der

Apfelsaft (may be specified as trüber Apfelsaft)

са́йдер

non-alcoholic sparkling beverage (apple)

サイダー

non-alcoholic sparkling beverage (lemon-lime)

The procedures for cyser are identical to cider with a notable exception: honey is a much more complex sugar than cane or corn sugars, meaning honey takes a long time to clear and an even longer time (at least six months) to ferment out[…]

1995, Paul Correnty, The Art of Cidermaking, Brewers Publications:

(British, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, Canada) An alcoholic, often sparkling (carbonated) beverage made from fermented apples; hard cider; apple cider.

She liked an aged cider. He liked a harder cider.

(US, Canada) A non-alcoholic still beverage consisting of the juice of early-harvest apples, usually unfiltered and still containing pulp; apple cider; sweet cider (without pulp such a beverage is called apple juice).

(Australia) A non-alcoholic carbonated beverage made from apples or pears.

(Japan, South Korea) A non-alcoholic, lemon-lime flavored carbonated beverage.

(countable) A cup, glass, or serving of any of these beverages.


straw

en-noun

straw (countable and uncountable, plural straws)

→ Japanese: ストロー

From Middle English straw, from Old English strēaw, from Proto-West Germanic *strau, from Proto-Germanic *strawą (“that which is strewn, straw”), from Proto-Indo-European *strew- (“to spread around, strew”).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian Sträi (“straw”), West Frisian strie (“straw”), Dutch stro (“straw”), German Low German Stroh (“straw”), German Stroh (“straw”), Norwegian and Swedish strå (“straw”), Icelandic strá (“straw”), Walloon strin, Albanian shtrohë (“kennel”).

der

The Bromfield Street offices were housed in a dilapidated but heavily-insured building, owned by a straw for a wealthy downtown real estate developer, surrounded by expensive new commercial developments, and in a city renowned for arson-for-profit.

1984 August 4, Larry Goldsmith, “Cops Charged With Setting GCN Fire”, in Gay Community News, page 1:


drinking straw

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-drinking straw.wav

A long tube (usually made out of plastic or paper) through which a beverage is drunk via suction.

strooitjie

a long plastic or paper tube through which a drink is drunk


snit

Likely related to Proto-Germanic *snidaz, i.e. a a little, a bit. Also perhaps from obsolete German Schnitt which is a small amount of beer served in a larger glass.

The bartender served us each a snit with our Bloody Marys this morning.

(US, dialect) A beer chaser commonly served in three-ounce servings in highball or juice glasses with a Bloody Mary cocktail in the upper midwest states of United States including Minnesota, North Dakota, Wisconsin, Iowa, Michigan, and Illinois.


knuckle

From Middle English knokel (“finger joint”), from Old English cnucel (“the juncture of two bones; knuckle; joint”), from Proto-West Germanic *knukil, from Proto-Germanic *knukilaz (“knuckle, knot, bump”), as *knukô (“bone, joint”) + *-ilaz (diminutive suffix). Cognate with Dutch knokkel (“knuckle”), Low German Knökel (“knuckle”), German Knöchel (“ankle, knuckle”), Old Norse knykill.

affix

(sports, billiards, snooker, pool) The curved part of the cushion at the entrance to the pockets on a cue sports table.

Beef knuckle is from the knee joint. Pork knuckle, or ham hock, is from the joint between the tibia/fibula and the metatarsals of the foot of a pig, where the foot was attached to the leg.

brass knuckles

A contrivance, usually of brass or iron, and furnished with points, worn to protect the hand, to add force to a blow, and to disfigure the person struck; a knuckle duster.

(skiing, snowboarding) The rounded point where a flat changes to a slope on a piste.


knuckle

en-verb

knuckle (third-person singular simple present knuckles, present participle knuckling, simple past and past participle knuckled)

knuckles (present singular third-person)
knuckling (participle present)
knuckled (participle past)
knuckled (past)


joint

The noun is from Middle English joynt (attested since the late 13th century), from Old French joint (“joint of the body”) (attested since the 12th century). The adjective (attested since the 15th century) is from Old French jointiz. Both Old French words are from Latin iūnctus, the past participle of iungō. See also join, jugular.
The meaning of "building, establishment", especially in connection with shady activities, appeared in Anglo-Irish by 1821 and entered general American English slang by 1877, especially in the sense of "opium den". The sense "marijuana cigarette" is attested since 1935. The development to meaning "any thing" also happened to the Scots and Memphian form junt and the Mid-Atlantic/Philadelphian form jawn.

verbinding

point of a rigid joint, means of joining in carpentry

en:place of business or human activity
en:tramp hangout

(chiefly US slang, may be somewhat derogatory) A place of business, particularly in the food service or hospitality industries; sometimes extended to any place that is a focus of human connection or activity (e.g., schools, hangouts, party spots).

(slang, dated) A place of resort for tramps.

en:place of business or human activity
en:opium den

I'm just trying to stay out of the joint.

en:place of business or human activity
en:prison, jail, or lockup

(slang, with the definite article) Prison, jail, or lockup.

It was the kind of joint you wouldn't want your boss to see you in.

"...Where's the ladies' in this joint? I've to powder me nose."

1996, Deirdre Purcell, Roses After Rain, page 335:

For a minute I stayed away from real crowded places like Big Ben's and even the new Ruthless spot, but I hung out in a few smaller Harlem joints when I wasn't running and lifting weights and getting ready for training camp.

2006, Noire [pseudonym], Thug-A-Licious: An Urban Erotic Tale, New York, N.Y.: One World, Ballantine Books, →ISBN, page 255:

Sham Shui Po might be one of Hong Kong’s poorest neighbourhoods but it has a rich immigrant history and a glut of fantastic street-food joints.

2021 August 18, Lee Cobaj, “Best things to do in Hong Kong”, in The Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2021-10-25:


kamikaze

[ˌkʰɑmɪˈkʰɑːzɪi̯]

Borrowed from Japanese 神風(かみかぜ) (kamikaze, “divine wind”).

A cocktail made of equal parts vodka, triple sec and lime juice.


masala

en-noun

masala (countable and uncountable, plural masalas or masale)

Borrowed from Hindustani مصالحہ (maṣālḥa, maṣāliḥa) / मसाला (masālā, “spice(s)”), from Classical Persian مصالح (masālih, “affairs, materials, spices”), plural of مصلحت (maslahat, “affair, policy, best thing to do”), both from Arabic, derived from صَلَحَ (ṣalaḥa, “be fit, competent, usable”).

der

When she cooked, she reached out for bottles and masalas without glancing up.

2020, Avni Doshi, Burnt Sugar, Hamish Hamilton, page 3:

Any of many blends of spices used in Indian cuisine, most often containing cardamom, coriander, mace together with pepper, nutmeg, fennel seeds, jeera etc.

Any powder of ground ingredients, not necessarily used in cuisine.


Emmentaler

/ˈɛmənˌtɑlɚ/

/ˈɛmənˌtɑːlə/

From Alemannic German Emmentaler, from Emmental, a valley in Switzerland.


bard

From French barde. English since the late 15th century.

(cooking) A thin slice of fat bacon used to cover any meat or game.


bard

en-verb

bard (third-person singular simple present bards, present participle barding, simple past and past participle barded)

bards (present singular third-person)
barding (participle present)
barded (participle past)
barded (past)

(cooking) To cover (meat or game) with a thin slice of fat bacon.


zest

zest (third-person singular simple present zests, present participle zesting, simple past and past participle zested)

zests (present singular third-person)
zesting (participle present)
zested (participle past)
zested (past)

(cooking) To scrape the zest from a fruit.


lush

en-noun

lush (countable and uncountable, plural lushes)

Perhaps a humorous use of the preceding word, or perhaps from Shelta lush (“food and drink”) (the sense "liquor" is older than the sense "drinker"). The Century Dictionary wrote that it was "said to be so called from one Lushington, a once well-known London brewer", but the Online Etymology Dictionary considers lushington (“drinker”) a humorous extension of lush instead.

Am I humble or am I a lush?

(Hawaii, Pidgin, slang) A person who enjoys talking about themselves.


quark

Finnegans Wake
James Joyce
Quark#Etymology

Coined by American physicist Murray Gell-Mann in 1963. The literary connection to James Joyce's Finnegans Wake was asserted later; see the Quark Wikipedia article.

coin

There were also particles no one had predicted that just appeared. Five of them […, i]n order of increasing modernity, […] are the neutrino, the pi meson, the antiproton, the quark and the Higgs boson.

2012 March-April, Jeremy Bernstein, “A Palette of Particles”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 2, page 146:

(physics) In the Standard Model, an elementary subatomic particle that forms matter. They combine to form hadrons, such as protons and neutrons.

كِوَرْكٌ

(physics) In the Standard Model, an elementary subatomic particle which forms matter


quark

Borrowed from German Quark, from late Middle High German twarc, from a West Slavic language (compare Polish twaróg), from Proto-Slavic *tvarogъ.
Doublet of tvorog.

A soft creamy cheese, eaten throughout northern, central, eastern, and southeastern Europe as well as the Low Countries, very similar to cottage cheese except that it is usually not made with rennet.


kettle

→ Brunei Malay: kitil

→ Persian: کتری (ketri)

→ Bengali: কেটলি (keṭli)

→ Hindi: केतली (ketlī)

→ Gujarati: કીટલી (kīṭlī)

→ Irish: citeal

→ Maltese: kitla

→ Zulu: igedlela

From Middle English ketel, also chetel, from Old English ċietel (“kettle, cauldron”) and in Middle English possibly influenced by Old Norse ketill and both from Proto-Germanic *katilaz (“kettle, bucket, vessel”), of uncertain origin and formation. Usually regarded as a borrowing of Late Latin catīllus (“small bowl”), diminutive of Latin catinus (“deep bowl, vessel for cooking up or serving food”), however, the word may be Germanic confused with the Latin: compare Old English cete (“cooking pot”), Old High German chezzi (“a kettle, dish, bowl”), Icelandic kati, ketla (“a small boat”). Cognate with West Frisian tsjettel (“kettle”), Dutch ketel (“kettle”), German Kessel (“kettle”), Swedish kittel (“cauldron”), Swedish kittel (“kettle”), Gothic 𐌺𐌰𐍄𐌹𐌻𐍃 (katils, “kettle”), Finnish kattila, Polish kocioł (“cauldron”), Czech kotel (“boiler”), Russian котёл (kotjól, “boiler, cauldron”).
(watch): Cockney rhyming slang from 'kettle and hob' to 'fob' (fob watch).

cog

To cook pasta, you first need to put the kettle on.

There's a hot kettle of soup on the stove.

(cooking) A vessel for boiling a liquid or cooking food, usually metal and equipped with a lid.

ketel

Stick the kettle on and we'll have a nice cup of tea.

A vessel or appliance used to boil water for the preparation of hot beverages and other foodstuffs.


teakettle

→ Jersey Norman: ticl'ye

→ Welsh: tegell

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-teakettle.wav

Phœbe and the fire that boiled the teakettle were equally bright, cheerful, and efficient, in their respective offices.

1851 April 9, Nathaniel Hawthorne, The House of the Seven Gables, a Romance, Boston, Mass.: Ticknor, Reed, and Fields:

“Such a cunning teakettle and saucepan, and a tete-a-tete set, and lots of good things to eat. Do have toast for tea, Polly, and let me make it with the new toasting fork; it's such fun to play cook.”

1869–1870, Louisa M[ay] Alcott, chapter VIII, in An Old-Fashioned Girl, Boston, Mass.: Roberts Brothers, published 1870, →OCLC:

(dated outside US) A vessel used to boil water for tea or other hot beverages.


firecracker

Alice B. Toklas brownie
Alice B. Toklas brownie

(slang, informal) A peanut butter cracker baked with marijuana, similar in concept to an Alice B. Toklas brownie.


tea caddy

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-tea caddy.wav

Mrs. Hone would have owned all the equipage that most upper-middle-class households needed to hold a proper tea, including a tea table (or teapoy), a tray, a teapot, creamer, sugar bowl with tongs, cups, saucers, tea caddy, teaspoons, and likely a tea urn, slop bowl, strainer, and spoon tray. While availing herself of Carneses' tea and one of their tea caddies, she might also have purchased and utilized one of their teapoys.

2019, Nancy E. Davis, “Afong Moy Presents Chinese Objects for the Home”, in The Chinese Lady: Afong Moy in Early America, New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, part II (The Show), page 107:

A box, jar, pot, or tin used to store tea leaves.


camomile

en-noun

camomile (countable and uncountable, plural camomiles)

From Middle English camamille, first attested 1265, from Old French camomille, from Late Latin camomilla, from Latin chamaemelon, from Ancient Greek χαμαίμηλον (khamaímēlon, literally “earth-apple”), from χαμαί (khamaí, “on the ground”) + μῆλον (mêlon, “apple”). So called because of the apple-like scent of the plant.

der

Matricaria recutita
Matricaria recutita#Translingual

Composite plant with a fragrance reminiscent of apples:

Matricaria recutita (formerly known as Matricaria chamomilla), German chamomile or Hungarian chamomile, with fragrant flowers used for tea, and as an herbal remedy.

Chamaemelum nobile
Chamaemelum nobile#Translingual

Chamaemelum nobile (formerly Anthemis nobilis), English chamomile or Roman chamomile, a ground cover with fragrant foliage.

On another occasion, when trying to brainstorm things I could do to make myself feel better despite all the pandemic restrictions, Woebot suggested I “try doing something nice for someone in your life,” like make a calming tea for my housemate or check in with a loved one. I poured my mum some chamomile: Two birds, one stone.

2022 September 27, Barclay Bram, “My Therapist, the Robot”, in The New York Times:


alcopop

en-noun

alcopop (usually uncountable, plural alcopops)

Blend of alcohol + pop (“sweetened carbonated drink”).

blend

However, the media soon went too far in playing the story up, claiming that underage drinkers drank only alcopop (actually they preferred cheap cider).

1999, Stanton Peel, Marcus Grant, editors, Alcohol and Pleasure: a health perspective:

The breweries began to develop alcopops with names and advertising drawn from drug culture.

2003 January 23, Dave Haslam, London Review of Books:

Over on cheap flights from Prestwick and Stansted, these boys were often to be found floating trouserless in the Liffey at dawn, or staggering up Grafton Street, their T-shirts clinging to them with alcopops and spilled Sambuca.

2004 June 3, Andrew O'Hagan, London Review of Books:

(British, Ireland, Australia) An alcoholic drink that looks and tastes like a soft drink.


stengah

“Push the boat out, Adams,” said Hart. “Stengah for me.”

1956, Anthony Burgess, Time for a Tiger (The Malayan Trilogy), published 1972, page 77:

"It gives you the Tuan touch. You learn to clap your hands to summon your coloured servants, instead of yelling...to drink stengahs, instead of plain whisky, to speak of lunch as tiffin...God help us!" He chuckled deeply.

1975, Xavier Herbert, Poor Fellow My Country, Sydney: Collins Publishers, published 1988, page 129:


speedball

en-noun

speedball (countable and uncountable, plural speedballs)

(slang, countable) Coffee with espresso.


queso

queso (usually uncountable, plural quesos)

Borrowed from Spanish queso, as found in Tex-Mex cuisine. Doublet of cheese.

The day before, prepare the tortillas for the chalupitas and the quesos.

1998, Jane Butel, Jane Butel’s Quick and Easy Southwestern Cookbook, New York, N.Y.: Harmony Books, →ISBN, page 237:

The ceviche is very good with just the right amount of spice; and quesos with chorizos and flour tortillas are a must.

2009, Pat Miller et al., editors, Gabby Gourmet 2009 Restaurant Guide: Your Guide to Dining in the Greater Denver Area by Pat Miller and Friends, Denver, Colo.: TDF Publishing Ltd., →ISBN, page 340:

It's something I call an "enchalupa." It's a flour tortilla deep-fried with the chalupa 'mold' so it forms a cruncy-fried bowl. Layer a touch of our queso dip, chicken, tomatoes, onion and enchilada sauce. Top with shredded cheese and pop it under the salamander til everything is melty and delicious. I like it with sour cream and cilantro on top. Serve this with beans and rice, and BAM! Instant lunch for the Chef.

2012 February 5, Wanna B Gourmande, “Pancho's Villa(dos)”, in WannaBGourmande.com, archived from the original on 2021-01-20:

All quesos, of course, are not created equal. You can have the high-rent, artisanal versions; I’ll take the low road. Snobbery has no place in my personal connoisseurship, since my quesos of choice are (almost) invariably made of processed cheese.

2012, Alison Cook, “Why Chile con Queso Matters”, in Brett Anderson, Sara Camp Arnold, John T. Edge, editors, Cornbread Nation 6: The Best of Southern Food Writing, Athens, Ga.: University of Georgia Press, →ISBN, page 7:

Short for chile con queso: melted cheese, used for instance as a dipping sauce.


yogurt

yogurt (countable and uncountable, plural yogurts)

→ Cornish: yogort

→ Welsh: iogwrt

→ Yoruba: yúgọ́ọ̀tì

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish یوغورت (yoğurt).

bor+

(especially in compounds) Any similar product based on other substances (e.g. soy yogurt).


ouzo

en-noun

ouzo (countable and uncountable, plural ouzos)

From Greek ούζο (oúzo), either from Turkish üzüm (“grape”) or from the Italian uso in Marsiglia (“for use in Marseille”) stamped on selected silkworm cocoons exported from Tyrnavos in the 19th century, standing for “superior quality”. Other: from the ancient Greek word ὄζω (ózō, “to smell”) - ὀσμή (osmḗ, “smell”) because of the strong smell of the drink.

der

Jai went in and poured out two glasses of ouzo, throwing a splash of water. He stuck his finger into each and stirred; the liquor swirled and got foggy.

2018, Shiv Kotecha, The Switch, United States: Wonder, →ISBN, page 122:

(uncountable) An anise-flavoured aperitif, originating in Greece.


blitz

en-noun

blitz (countable and uncountable, plural blitzes)

Clipping of blitzkrieg, from German Blitzkrieg (literally “lightning war”).

der

(cooking) The act of blending or puréeing food using a blender or processor.


blitz

en-verb

blitz (third-person singular simple present blitzes, present participle blitzing, simple past and past participle blitzed)

blitzes (present singular third-person)
blitzing (participle present)
blitzed (participle past)
blitzed (past)

To make nut roast, you have to blitz the nuts in the food processor before adding the parsley and breadcrumbs.

(transitive, cooking) To purée or chop (food products) using a food processor or blender.


billy

Uncertain, but probably extracted from Scots billypot (“a type of cooking pot”), perhaps originally from the name Billy, a diminutive of William.
The condom sense from the E-Rotic song Willy, Use a Billy... Boy, referring in turn to Billy Boy, a German brand of condoms.

cog

Let's get the billy and cook some beans.

We had been absent from civilisation, so long, that our tin billies, the only boiling utensils we had, got completely worn or burnt out at the bottoms, and as the boilings for glue and oil must still go on, what were we to do with billies with no bottoms?

1889, Ernest Giles, Australia Twice Traversed, published 2004, page 239:

Oh there once was a swagman camped in the billabong,
Under the shade of a coolibah tree,
And he sang as he looked at the old billy boiling,
'Who'll come a'waltzing Matilda, with me.'

1895, “Waltzing Matilda”, Banjo Paterson (lyrics):

Mother prepared a splendid picnic. […] Rugs, food and the black billy for making tea, were packed into the old baby buggy and we trundled it straight down Simcoe Street.

1942, Emily Carr, “Loyalty”, in The Book of Small, Toronto, Ont.: Oxford University Press, →OCLC:

Over the fence, in a shallow gully 100 metres away, this guy and his wife were living on the dirt in the open weather with just a blanket, billies, a dog and a transistor radio. They didn't even have water.

2011, Rod Moss, The Hard Light of Day: An Artist's Story of Friendships in Arrernte Country, unnumbered page:

(Australia, New Zealand) A tin with a swing handle used to boil tea over an open fire; a billycan; a billypot.

kēna

A billycan, a small pot for heating water over a fire


cocktail

→ Catalan: còctel

→ Czech: koktejl

→ Dutch: cocktail

→ Esperanto: koktelo

→ Finnish: cocktail

→ French: cocktail

→ Galician: cóctel

→ German: Cocktail

→ Greek: κοκτέιλ (koktéil)

→ Hungarian: koktél

→ Italian: cocktail

→ Japanese: カクテル (kakuteru)

→ Korean: 칵테일 (kakteil)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: cocktail

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: cocktail

→ Polish: koktajl

→ Portuguese: coquetel

→ Russian: кокте́йль (koktéjlʹ) (see there for further descendants)

→ Spanish: cóctel, coctel

→ Swedish: cocktail

→ Thai: ค็อกเทล (kɔ́k-teel)

→ Turkish: kokteyl

→ Vietnamese: cocktail

Early 17th century, from cock (“male bird”) + tail, in the sense “(a horse with its) tail standing up, like a cock’s”. The origin of the extension to “an alcoholic mixed drink” is unknown. One theory is that it refers to a simulant (gingering), hence a simulating drink; compare pick-me-up. Another attested use is for non-thoroughbred racehorses: these were considered "cock-tailed" due to their docked tails. This may have led to the term "cocktail" (sense 1) being used for an adulterated spirit.

They visited a bar noted for its wide range of cocktails.

[...] a certain candidate has placed in his account of Loss and Gain, the following items:-- LOSS [...] 411 glasses bitters[,] 25 do. cock-tail

1806 May 6, “Rum! Rum! Rum!”, in Balance and Columbian Repository, volume v, number 18, New York: Hudson, page 142:

Cock tail, then, is a stimulating liquor, composed of spirits of any kind, sugar, water, and bitters — it is vulgarly called bittered sling, and is supposed to be an excellent electioneering potion, inasmuch as it renders the heart stout and bold, at the same time that it fuddles the head.

1806 May 13, “Communication”, in Balance and Columbian Repository, volume v, number 19, New York: Hudson, page 146:

Deane opened the fray by declaring, à propos of dinners, that the only proper way to create a cocktail of the genus Martini was to add a half-spoonful of sherry after the other ingredients had been satisfactorily mixed, if at all.

1904, Charlotte Bryson Taylor, “Chapter VI”, in In the Dwellings of the Wilderness:

He moved majestically down to mix the cocktails. As he chipped ice, as he squeezed oranges, as he collected vast stores of bottles, glasses, and spoons at the sink in the pantry, he felt as authoritative as the bartender at Healey Hanson's saloon.

1922, Sinclair Lewis, “Chapter 8”, in Babbitt:

The cocktail in Britain is a rigidly-defined social institution: each has its own particular meaning—the G & T is the alcoholic equivalent of the interview suit; Pernod and black is an alternative to glue sniffing for repentant trendies, etc.

2011, Mark Polonsky et al., USSR: From an Original Idea by Karl Marx, page 32:

A “cock-tail” is a horse not purely bred, but with only one-eighth or one-sixteenth impure blood in his veins

1868, Charles Darwin, The Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication, volume ii, John Murray, page 11:

A horse, not of pure breed, but having only one eighth or one sixteenth impure blood in its veins.

A species of rove beetle, so called from its habit of elevating the tail.


cocktail

en-verb

cocktail (third-person singular simple present cocktails, present participle cocktailing, simple past and past participle cocktailed)

cocktails (present singular third-person)
cocktailing (participle present)
cocktailed (participle past)
cocktailed (past)

(transitive) To adulterate (fuel, etc.) by mixing in other substances.

He dined and cocktailed her at the most exclusive bars and restaurants.

(transitive) To treat (a person) to cocktails.


blind

en-adv

blind (comparative more blind, superlative most blind)

more blind (comparative)
most blind (superlative)

From Middle English blynd, from Old English blind, from Proto-West Germanic *blind, from Proto-Germanic *blindaz.

Blind bake your pie case for fifteen minutes, then add the filling. This will help avoid a “soggy bottom”.

If the shell is going to be baked without a filling, “baking the crust blind,” prick the bottom and sides of the crust to allow the steam to escape. Another variation: line the bottom of the crust with parchment paper […]

2012, Frank D. Conforti, Food Selection and Preparation: A Laboratory Manual, John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN, page 63:

PIE WEIGHTS: When you are baking a crust blind, which means when you are partially or fully baking it without filling (see blind-baking, page 474), you need something to keep the crust from puffing up: weights.

2013, Dorie Greenspan, Baking: From My Home to Yours, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, →ISBN, page 490:

(cooking, especially in combination with ‘bake’) As a pastry case only, without any filling.


caff

No one in Mariposa had ever seen anything like the caff. All down the side of it were the grill fires, with great pewter dish covers that went up and down on a chain, […]; you could watch a buckwheat pancake whirled into existence under your eyes and see fowls' legs devilled, peppered, grilled, and tormented till they lost all semblance of the original Mariposa chicken.

1912, Stephen Leacock, “The Hostelry of Mr. Smith”, in Sunshine Sketches of a Little Town, page 27:

After working his way up in restaurant kitchens, Nick's father bought a caff off the Walworth Road, and named it The Bosphorus in homage to a cultural homeland elsewhere.

2012, Suzanne Hall, City, Street and Citizen, Routledge, →ISBN, page 52:

McCormack dressed in his second-best suit and walked down the hill to a caff on Dumbarton Road.

2022, Liam McIlvanney, The Heretic, page 200:

(Britain, Ireland, slang) café, cafeteria.


carve

en-verb

carve (third-person singular simple present carves, present participle carving, simple past carved, past participle carved or (archaic) carven)

carves (present singular third-person)
carving (participle present)
carved (past)
carved (participle past)
carven (archaic participle past)

From Middle English kerven, from Old English ceorfan, from Proto-West Germanic *kerban, from Proto-Germanic *kerbaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gerbʰ- (“to scratch”). Cognate with West Frisian kerve, Dutch kerven, Low German karven, German kerben (“to notch”); also Old Prussian gīrbin (“number”), Old Church Slavonic жрѣбии (žrěbii, “lot, tallymark”), Ancient Greek γράφειν (gráphein, “to scratch, etch”).

cog

to carve a name into a tree

The facades of the buildings fronting upon the avenue within the wall were richly carven[…].

1920, Edgar Rice Burroughs, Thuvia, Maiden of Mars, The Gutenberg Project, published 2008:

The half-dozen pieces […] were painted white and carved with festoons of flowers, birds and cupids. To display them the walls had been tinted a vivid blue which had now faded, but the carpet, which had evidently been stored and recently relaid, retained its original turquoise.

1963, Margery Allingham, chapter I, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:

To shape to sculptural effect; to produce (a work) by cutting, or to cut (a material) into a finished work, especially with cuts that are curved rather than only straight slices.

(snowboarding) To perform a series of turns without pivoting, so that the tip and tail of the snowboard take the same path.


carve

... half a carve of arable land in Ballyncore, one carve of arable land in Pales, a quarter of arable land in Clonnemeagh, half a carve of arable land in Ballyfaden, half a carve of arable land in Ballymadran, ...

1862, Calendar of the Patent and Close Rolls of Chancery in Ireland:

Whereof John de Ditton holds a moiety of the village for half a carve of land.

1868, John Harland (editor), Wapentake of West Derby, in Remains, Historical and Literary, Connected with the Palatine Counties of Lancaster and Chester, (translating a Latin text c. 1320-46), page 31


curl

From metathesis of Middle English crulle (“curled, curly”), from Middle Dutch crul, crulle (“curl”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *kruzlǭ (“bent or crooked object, curl”), of unknown origin; possibly from Pre-Germanic *grus-, contracted from Proto-Indo-European *gurus- (“twist, curl”), same source as Persian گرس (gors, “braid of hair”).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian Krulle (“curl, lock”), West Frisian krul (“curl”), Dutch krul (“curl”), German Low German Krull (“curl”), dialectal German Krolle (“curl”), Danish krølle (“curl”), Norwegian krull (“curl”). Related also to Saterland Frisian Kruus (“curl”), German kraus (“frizzy, crumpled, curly”), Danish krus (“curl”), Swedish krusa (“to crimp, curl”). Compare also Gothic 𐌺𐍂𐌹𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽 (kriustan, “to grind, crush, gnash”).

unk

unknown

cog

(baking, chiefly in the plural) A thin, curved piece of chocolate used as decoration.


orgasm

en-noun

orgasm (countable and uncountable, plural orgasms)

/ˈɔː.ɡæ.zəm/

From French orgasme or New Latin orgasmus, from Ancient Greek ὀργασμός (orgasmós, “excitement, swelling”), from ὀργάω (orgáō, “to swell with moisture”).

der

A creamy white alcoholic cocktail containing amaretto, Irish cream, and coffee liqueur.


spud

From Middle English spudde (“small knife”). Origin unknown; probably related to Danish spyd, Old Norse spjót (“spear”), German Spieß (“spear; spike; skewer”). Compare English spit (“sharp, pointed rod”). The use of the term for a potato was perhaps first used in New Zealand and Australian dialect and slang.

As I turned out of the wood, I heard the shrill tone of infant wailing; and as I came towards the cottage, I saw a fine flaxen-headed urchin, some six or seven years old, stamping and beating himself with his clenched little spuds of fists, in a perfect ecstasy of passion […]

1844, Richard Sainthill, An Olla Podrida: Or, Scraps, Numismatic, Antiquarian, and Literary:

1728, Jonathan Swift, A Pastoral Dialogue, 1910, William Browning (editor), The Poems of Jonathan Swift, Volume 2, 2004, Gutenberg eBook #13621,
My love to Sheelah is more firmly fixt, / Than strongest weeds that grow these stones betwixt: / My spud these nettles from the stone can part; / No knife so keen to weed thee from my heart.

1885, Richard Jefferies, After London: or Wild England, 2004 [1905], Gutenberg eBook #13944,
Deprived of motion by the blow of the club, it can, on the other hand, be picked up without trouble and without the aid of a dog, and if not dead is despatched by a twist of the Bushman's fingers or a thrust from his spud. The spud is at once his dagger, his knife and fork, his chisel, his grub-axe, and his gouge. It is a piece of iron (rarely or never of steel, for he does not know how to harden it) about ten inches long, an inch and a half wide at the top or broadest end, where it is shaped and sharpened like a chisel, only with the edge not straight but sloping, and from thence tapering to a point at the other, the pointed part being four-sided, like a nail.

"I rigged up a contraption to hold off those stinking beasts, and I spent a happy day there with a spud."

1912, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Lost World […], London; New York, N.Y.: Hodder and Stoughton, →OCLC:

A most respectable old Johnnie, don't you know. Doesn't do a thing nowadays but dig in the garden with a spud.

1925, P. G. Wodehouse, “Jeeves Takes Charge”, in Carry On, Jeeves, Arrow Books, published 2008, page 19:

A tool, similar to a spade, used for digging out weeds etc.

малка мотика

spade-like tool used for digging out weeds


spud

en-verb

spud (third-person singular simple present spuds, present participle spudding, simple past and past participle spudded)

spuds (present singular third-person)
spudding (participle present)
spudded (participle past)
spudded (past)

A rope called the jerk line is attached to the wrist pin of the band-wheel crank, brought inside the derrick, and attached to the part of the drilling cable which extends from the crown pulley to the bull-wheel shaft by a curved metal slide called a spudding shoe. (See fig. 8.)

1911, Isaiah Bowman, United States Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 257: Well-Drilling Methods, page 46:

When a well is spudded, the drilling assembly is loosely tied to the guide wires with 1/2″ manila rope.

1999, Steve Devereux, Drilling for Oil & Gas: A Nontechnical Guide, page 86:

Spudding is the process of lifting and dropping the pile constantly until the obstruction is broken into pieces. Obviously, spudding cannot be done with lighter piles (timber or pipe piles). Concrete piles and steel H-piles are good candidates for spudding.

2008, Ruwan Rajapakse, Pile Design and Construction Rules of Thumb, page 367:

Prepayments of drilling expenses are deductible by tax-shelter investors only if the well is “spudded” within 90 days after the close of the taxable year in which the prepayment was made, and the deduction is limited to the original amount of the investment.

2008, J. K. Lasser, J.K. Lasser′s Your Income Tax: 2009, Professional, Edition, page 238:

(drilling) To begin drilling an oil well; to drill by moving the drill bit and shaft up and down, or by raising and dropping a bit.


spud

A game for three or more players, involving the gradual elimination of players by throwing and catching a ball.


choc

en-noun

choc (countable and uncountable, plural chocs)

mint choc chip ice cream; a box of chocs


starve

en-verb

starve (third-person singular simple present starves, present participle starving, simple past starved, past participle starved or (obsolete) starven)

starves (present singular third-person)
starving (participle present)
starved (past)
starved (participle past)
starven (obsolete participle past)
starve (infinitive)

From Middle English sterven (“to die, perish”), from Old English steorfan (“to die, perish”), from Proto-Germanic *sterbaną (“to become stiff, die”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)terp- (“to lose strength, become numb, be motionless”); or from Proto-Indo-European *sterbʰ- (“to become stiff”), from *ster- (“stiff”); or a conflation of the aforementioned. Cognate with Scots sterve (“to die, perish, starve”), Saterland Frisian stjerwa (“to die”), West Frisian stjerre (“to die”), Dutch sterven (“to die”), dated German Low German starven (“to die”), German sterben (“to die”), Icelandic stirfinn (“peevish, froward”), Albanian shterp (“sterile, unproductive, barren land”).

cog

while the grass grows, the steed starves

The uncaring parents starved the child of love.

'The patient's brain was starved of oxygen.

(transitive) To deprive of nourishment or of some vital component.


anise

en-noun

anise (countable and uncountable, plural anises)

From Middle English anys, borrowed from Old French anis, from Latin anīsum, from Ancient Greek ἄνισον (ánison), from Egyptian jnst.

[…] of the butcherbirds which were perched on the electric wires skirting the road must be nesting birds, and that in the absence of trees or brush they must be nesting in some of the weeds along the highway, mostly anise (Foeniculum vulgare).

1934, The Gull (Golden Gate Audubon Society), volumes 16-29, page 25

Foeniculum vulgare
Foeniculum vulgare#Translingual

(US, often qualified as "sweet anise" or "wild anise") Fennel, Foeniculum vulgare.


baton

(cooking) A batonnet, a long slice of a vegetable, thicker than a julienne.


bock

bock (countable and uncountable, plural bocks)

A strong dark beer brewed in the fall and aged through the winter for spring consumption.


caddy

An alteration of catty (“(unit of) weight used in China, equivalent to 1⅓ pounds avoirdupois (about 0.605 kilograms)”), borrowed from Malay kati (“weight used in China, Indonesia, and Japan”), from Tamil கட்டி (kaṭṭi, “measure of weight; clod, lump”), from கட்டு (kaṭṭu, “to coagulate, congeal, or consolidate (into a concretion); to harden”).

der

The Carneses imported lacquer teapoys in sets. These sets could be easily stacked in a corner of the drawing room and brought out at teatime to hold a teacup, a set, or a caddy. The Carneses purchased lacquered teapoys sets for four dollars in China and probably sold them for twice that amount in America.

2019, Nancy E. Davis, “Afong Moy Presents Chinese Objects for the Home”, in The Chinese Lady: Afong Moy in Early America, New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, part II (The Show), page 107:

(also attributively) A small box or tin (can) with a lid for holding dried tea leaves used to brew tea.


chard

en-noun

chard (countable and uncountable, plural chards)

From earlier card (remodelled after chardoon, obsolete form of cardoon), from Middle French carde, from Latin carduus (“thistle”). Doublet of cardoon.

(uncountable, cooking) An edible leafy vegetable, Beta vulgaris subsp. cicla, with a slightly bitter taste.

سِلْق

Beta vulgaris subsp. cicla — see also beet

(cooking) Artichoke leaves and shoots, blanched to eat.


chive

From Middle English chive~cyve, from Old French chive~cive, from Latin cēpa (“onion”).

(Trinidad and Tobago, dialect) The spring onion; The green onion; the scallion.


coca

coca (usually uncountable, plural cocas)

→ Chinese: 古柯 (gǔkē)

Borrowed from Spanish coca, from Quechua kuka, perhaps from Aymara.

The dried leaf of one of these plants, the South American shrub (Erythroxylum coca), widely cultivated in Andean countries, which is the source of cocaine and used as aphrodisiac in the past.

кока

the dried leaf of a South American shrub (Erythroxylon coca)


duff

duff (countable and uncountable, plural duffs)

Representing a northern England and Scots pronunciation of dough.

Later on, all the tinned meat came to an end, likewise the potatoes, and we lived on salt meat, biscuit, and duff; this fare was served out to all the messes on board, and we, I was going to say, saloon-folk, fared no better than the fo'castle hands.

1887, Harriet W. Daly, Digging, Squatting, and Pioneering Life in the Northern Territory of South Australia, page 196:

The storekeeper had sent them an unbroken case of canned plum pudding, and probably by this time he was wondering what had become of that blanky case of duff.

1901, Henry Lawson, short story The Ghosts of Many Christmases, published in Children of the Bush http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/7065

Who bravely stuff
Themselves with Duff,
May laugh at Doctor's bills.

1918, Norman Lindsay, The Magic Pudding, page 87:

Dessert is as substantial as the main course, and none more so than the absolute favorite, guava duff.

A stiff flour pudding, often with dried fruit, boiled in a cloth bag, or steamed.

They must live on sea food—a deal more of salt beef, pork, beans, and hard tack is than of any thing else, but of the food at sea well as in port it may here be said that it is ample in quantity and good enough anybody, though by no means all strawberry shortcake and cream or plum duff.

1891, John R. Spears, “The Life of a Naval Apprentice”, in The Chautauquan, volume 13:

With Christmas well on its way let's take a look at a modern version of an old favourite dessert more often than not reserved for the day we celebrate the birth of Christ: plum duff. It is just as well Christmas falls during the summer school holidays as a nipper this allowed me to be at my grandmother's home when the true traditional plum duff was made.

A pudding-style dessert, especially one made with plums.


duff

Uncertain; probably related to Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“to whisk, smoke, darken, obscure”).

der

Coal dust, especially that left after screening or combined with other small, unsaleable bits of coal.


farina

en-noun

farina (countable and uncountable, plural farinas)

Borrowed from Latin farīna (“flour, meal”), from far (“kind of grain”).

A fine flour or meal made from cereal grains or from the starch or fecula of vegetables, extracted by various processes, and used in cookery.

A particular grade of wheat meal, commonly used as hot breakfast cereal in North America.

(botany) A powdery, pale yellow, crystalline secretion consisting of flavonoids in Primula and other species.

Hot breakfast cereal made from prepared farina in milk.


gumbo

gumbo (countable and uncountable, plural gumbos)

Borrowed from Louisiana French gombo, possibly via Louisiana Creole gombo, from Kimbundu ingombo, plural of kingombo (“okra”); compare Portuguese quingombó.

(countable) A soup or stew popular in Louisiana, consisting of a strong stock, meat or shellfish, a thickener (often okra), and the "Holy Trinity" of celery, bell peppers, and onions.


gyro

Back-formation from the plural gyros, from Greek γύρος (gýros); from the turning of the meat on a spit (as a calque of Turkish döner into Greek). Doublet of gyre and gyrus.

I'll have a gyro, please.

A style of Greek sandwich commonly filled with grilled meat, tomato, onions, and tzatziki sauce.


hoagie

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-hoagie.wav

Uncertain. Often suggested to derive from hog, either in reference to Hog Island, a site of shipyards that employed Italian immigrants (who were supposedly called hoggies and who supposedly packed these sandwiches for lunch), or in reference to pork as an ingredient.

I'm going to Wawa to get a hoagie for lunch.

(US, Pennsylvania, Mid-Atlantic US) A sandwich made on a (usually soft) long Italian roll; a submarine sandwich.


hock

hock (countable and uncountable, plural hocks)

That night he strolled into the Palette Club about eleven o’clock, and found Trevor sitting by himself in the smoking-room drinking hock and seltzer.

1891 [1887], Oscar Wilde, “The Model Millionaire”, in Lord Arthur Savile's Crime and Other Stories:

The dinner that they sat down to in the fly-specked dining-room was of boiled beef and carrots, with a turgid ginger pudding to follow, though Grierson went down to the cellar himself and found some dusty bottles of hock, overlooked for years because there was no demand for it in a beer-drinking community.

1938, Norman Lindsay, Age of Consent, 1st Australian edition, Sydney, N.S.W.: Ure Smith, published 1962, →OCLC, page 158:

A Rhenish wine, of a light yellow color, either sparkling or still, from the Hochheim region; often applied to all Rhenish wines.


hock

en-verb

hock (third-person singular simple present hocks, present participle hocking, simple past and past participle hocked)

hocks (present singular third-person)
hocking (participle present)
hocked (participle past)
hocked (past)

From Middle English hough, hoche, hokke, from Old English hōh, from Proto-Germanic *hanhaz (compare West Frisian hakke, Dutch hak, German Low German Hacke, Hack (“heel”)), from Proto-Indo-European *kenk- (compare Lithuanian kìnka (“leg, thigh, knee-cap”), kenklė̃ (“knee-cap”), Sanskrit कङ्काल (kaṅkāla, “skeleton”)).

cog

(transitive) To disable by cutting the tendons of the hock; to hamstring; to hough.


hock

Coordinate term: soda

(card games) The last card turned up in the game of faro.


jigger

A slang term of unknown origin, originally meaning prison. Oxford English Dictionary suggests that its origin might be the same as Etymology 1, above.


kudzu

en-noun

kudzu (usually uncountable, plural kudzus)

From Japanese 葛(くず) (kuzu). The spelling kudzu (instead of kuzu) is due to historical transliteration methods of Japanese into English (compare adzuki).

Kudzu is available in natural food stores and Oriental markets; it is often sold in lumps that must be crushed in a mortar before measuring.

1989 November, Drew DeSilver, Jan Gahala, “What is that stuff?”, in Vegetarian Times, →ISSN, page 43:

Kudzu, a starch extracted from the root of the kudzu plant, acts similarly to cornstarch or arrowroot but is preferable for bone health because it contains some calcium.

2009, Annemarie Colbin, Whole-food Guide to Strong Bones, New Harbinger Publications, →ISBN, page 233:

(cooking, medicine) A starch extracted from the root that is used in traditional East Asian medicine and cuisine.


lolly

lolly (countable and uncountable, plural lollies)

Trim the lolly sticks, so that you have a stem of about 3–4cm to stick into the cake, and then plunge the sticks of the foreshortened lollies into the cake so that the ghoulish faces leer out from their black-frosted graveyard.

2004, Nigella Lawson, Feast: Food that Celebrates Life, unnumbered page:

A piece of hard candy on a stick; a lollipop.


luge

luge (countable and uncountable, plural luges)

The noun is borrowed from Swiss French or Franco-Provençal luge, from Medieval Latin scludia, from Late Latin sclodia, of Celtic origin, from Gaulish *stludio, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *sleydʰ- (“to slide, slip; to be slick or slippery”). If so, it is related to sled and sleigh.
Sense 2.2 (“drinking utensil”) is from its resemblance to the tracks on which luges race.
The verb is derived from the noun.
Cognates
* Irish slaod (“raft, float”)
* Old Breton stloit (“sliding; traction”) (modern Breton stlej (“sleigh”))
* Welsh llithr (“slide, slippage”)

der

(countable) A racing sled for one or two people that is ridden with the rider or riders lying on their back.


marc

en-noun

marc (usually uncountable, plural marcs)

From Middle French marc, from Old French marcher (“to trample”).

The refuse matter that remains after fruit, particularly grapes, has been pressed.


milt

milt (countable and uncountable, plural milts)

From Middle English milte, from Old English milte, milt (“milt, spleen”), from Proto-West Germanic *miltijā, *meltā, from Proto-Germanic *meltǭ (“spleen”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)meld- (“to beat, grind, crush, weaken”). Cognate with German Milz, Dutch milt, Danish milt, Norwegian milt, Swedish mjälte. Outside Germanic, with Albanian mëlçi (“liver”) and Italian milza (“spleen”), which is a borrowing from Lombardic.


pomade

en-noun

pomade (countable and uncountable, plural pomades)

From French pommade, from Italian pomata (“ointment, pomade”), from pomo (“apple”) + -ata (“-ade, -ate: forming nouns”), from Latin pomum (“fruit, apple”) and -atum. Doublet of pomatum, pomate, and pomace. Early pomades tended to be various kinds of fat mixed with apples for a more pleasing scent.

With this excellent Pomade you may Anoint your Face at night, and waſh it off the next day in the morning with Rain-water.

1680, T. K., The Kitchin-Phyſician; Or, a Guide for Good-Housewives in Maintaining Their Families in Health. […] , Of Medicines and other Remedies which are appropriated to the Skin, Hair, and Teeth, page 9:

(obsolete or historical) Synonym of ointment, particularly thick waxy ointments scented with fruit used to beautify the skin or hair.


ponce

tlb

(UK, Ireland, Commonwealth, derogatory, slang)

Uncertain, but probably an aphetic form of French alphonse (“kept man”), from the male given name Alphonse. Also sometimes connected to pounce or French pensionnaire (“pensioner, person living without working”).

ncog

A man living off another's earnings, especially a woman's.

Synonym of pimp, especially one hired by a prostitute as a tout, bodyguard, and driver.


ponce

STUFFED "PONCE"
1 small hog ponce
3 lbs . ground pork
1 large bell pepper, chopped
1 large onion head chopped
[…]

1973, Mercedes Vidrine, Louisiana Lagniappe, Claitor's Law Books and Publishing, →ISBN, page 23:

[…] before Escoffier and the five mother sauces, even before Brillat-Savarin, French Acadian cooks in South Louisiana kitchens prepared ponce.

2016, George Graham, Acadiana Table: Cajun and Creole Home Cooking from the Heart of Louisiana, Harvard Common Press, →ISBN, page 258:

(Louisiana) The stomach of a pig, especially when stuffed as chaudin (a Louisianan food).


popper

en-noun

popper (countable and uncountable, plural poppers)

From Middle English poppere, equivalent to pop + -er (suffix forming agent noun).
(capsule of amyl nitrite): From the popping sound when the capsule is broken open.

A device that pops kernels of corn to produce popcorn.

Coordinate term: popper up

If a person inhales a popper on the brink — the very brink — of climax, then the orgasm is much more powerful.

1986, Mary Bringle, The Senator's Daughter, page 55:

Against all this was the counter-rhythm of the hip-flask and the drugs, that steady resorting at every pause for breath, to the swig of the secret drinker; or, high in his excitement, the burst of a popper and then the sucking sound of Cullen inhaling.

1986, Stephen Koch, The Bachelors' Bride, page 240:

Then, suddenly, Vince sagged — light-headed. Too many poppers.

1996, Patricia Nell Warren, Harlan's Race, page 58:

Looks like she's had too many poppers.

1999, Greg Kramer, Hogtown Bonbons, page 8:

When she heard Tuercas snap open a popper, she raised her own eyes instinctively. / His face was flushed red with the drug as he held the ampule to his nose

1999, Ted Mooney, Singing Into the Piano, page 328:

I guess he was tricking with some other hustler a couple of days later and OD'd on one too many poppers—a heart attack in his sleep.

2002, Brendan Mullen, Don Bolles, Adam Parfrey, Lexicon Devil: The Fast Times and Short Life of Darby Crash and the Germs, page 195:

The annex still stood, and from inside came the grunting sounds of Eskimos and GIs in rut. Lavone was sitting near Rudy. He cracked an amyl popper.

2002, John Griesemer, No One Thinks of Greenland:

Sucio paused in his dress-down of Barney's lineage, sexuality and potty habits to sample an amyl nitrate popper, which snapped his focus clear with cardiac paddle speed.

2008, David J. Schow, Gun Work, page 91:

Too low. Must get higher! He cracked open a popper, inhaling deeply. Then another. For a brief but thankful moment, a faint high lifted through him. He clicked on the Internet icon, then his email. At that moment the marijuana, coke, and amyl nitrite collided in his bloodstream.

2010, Shaughnessy Bishop-Stall, Ghosted, page 130:

(informal, countable) A capsule of amyl nitrite, a recreational drug used during sex.

Ryan knelt up in bed with his knees against Kick's side. "You okay?" Ryan asked. / "Too much popper," he said. “Maybe I have jet lag.

2005, Jack Fritscher, Some Dance to Remember: A Memoir-novel of San Francisco, 1970-1982, page 340:

Maybe he has some popper—that's a gay drug, right? Nicholas Nugent should at least have some popper . . . Art, leaning into the gaggle. Nicholas Nugent, shaking his pretty head. No popper. Do you think it's possible to popper yourself gay?

2019, Lars Iyer, Nietzsche and the Burbs, page 38:


popper

From Popper (“a brand name”), a brand name owned by Queensland United Foods; from 1978.

Again buy your own food - for lunch you get some tomato, some Jambon Fume (proscuitto) and a baguette along with some poppers and your^([sic]) have a feast.

1997 September 5, Richard Harrowell, “Advice on Skiing Europe”, in aus.snow (Usenet):


purl

Unknown; apparently related to Scots and dialect pirl (“twist, ripple, whirl, spin”), and possibly to Older Scots pyrl ("thrust or poke at"). Compare Venetan pirlo, an embellishment where the woven threads are twisted together. May be unrelated to purfle, though the meanings are similar.

A particular stitch in knitting in which the working yarn is pulled through an existing stitch from front to back.


purl

en-verb

purl (third-person singular simple present purls, present participle purling, simple past and past participle purled)

purls (present singular third-person)
purling (participle present)
purled (participle past)
purled (past)

From Old Norse purla (“to babble”), possibly ultimately from an imitative Germanic base related to Dutch polder, Norwegian puldra (“to gush”) and pulla (“to bubble”), Old English polr (“marsh”).

onomatopoeic

imitative

thin winding breath which purled up to the sky

1594, William Shakespeare, Lucrece (First Quarto), London: […] Richard Field, for Iohn Harrison, […], →OCLC:

To rise in circles, ripples, or undulations; to curl; to mantle.


purl

imitative

Whose streame an easie breath doth seeme to blowe; Which on the sparkling grauell runns in purles, / As though the waues had been of siluer curles

1591–1619, Michael Drayton, “(please specify the page)”, in J[ohn] Payne Collier, editor, Poems by Michael Drayton. […], London: […] J[ohn] B[owyer] Nichols and Sons, […] [for the Roxburghe Club], published 1856, →OCLC:

Whatsoever had a beginning, can also have an ending; and it shall die, unless it be daily watered with the purls flowing from the fountain of life, and refreshed with the dew of heaven, and the wells of God: […]

1668, Jeremy Taylor, “Twenty-seven Sermons Preached at Golden Grove; Being for the Summer Half-year, […]: Sermon VIII. A Funeral Sermon, &c.”, in Reginald Heber, editor, The Whole Works of the Right Rev. Jeremy Taylor, D.D. […], volume VI, London: Ogle, Duncan, and Co. […]; and Richard Priestley, […], published 1822, →OCLC, page 453:

A circle made by the motion of a fluid; an eddy; a ripple.


purl

Possibly from the pearl-like appearance caused by bubbles on the surface of the liquid.

A double mug of purle.

(archaic) Ale or beer spiced with wormwood or other bitter herbs, regarded as a tonic.


ricer

He cooked a roast, made applesauce with the ricer and used every size pan he could find to cook vegetables.

2007, Patricia Webster Stewart, Stuck in My Own Family Tree, page 25:

Ricers can also be used for mashing other root vegetables, as well as starchy ones like broad (fava) beans and peas.

2008, Leanne Kitchen, The Greengrocer, page 14:

Passing cooked chunks through a basic, inexpensive handheld ricer maximizes their texture, which is less starchy than their russet brethren, and makes a soft, dry pile that simply stirs into creamy, smooth mounds.

2013, Tara Mataraza Desmond, Choosing Sides: From Holidays to Every Day, 130 Delicious Recipes to Make the Meal, unnumbered page:

(cooking) A utensil used to extrude soft foods (especially, cooked potato) through holes about the diameter of a grain of rice.


rondo

en-noun

rondo (countable and uncountable, plural rondos)

Borrowed from Italian rondo, from French rondeau. Doublet of rondeau.

(music, countable) A musical composition, commonly of a lively, cheerful character, in which the first strain recurs after each of the other strains.

(countable) A small, disk-shaped piece of food, especially a single-serving dessert or small piece of candy.

Vitis vinifera
Vitis vinifera#Translingual

(countable) A dark-skinned grape, a hybrid of Vitis vinifera with Vitis amurensis and others.

And four years after Pep from Catalonia first clapped eyes on Phil from Stockport across a crowded rondo, here finally was the consummation.

2020 August 7, Jonathan Liew, “Phil Foden stars to offer Manchester City glimpse of multiple futures”, in The Guardian:

(soccer) A game resembling keep-away, used to train soccer players: one group is tasked with completing a number of passes while the other smaller group tries to take possession of the ball.

(obsolete, uncountable) A gambling game played with small balls on a table.


sage

sage (usually uncountable, plural sages)

From Middle English sauge, from Middle French sauge, from Old French salje, from Latin salvia, from salvus (“healthy”), see safe. Doublet of salvia.

broom sage

species of Chrysothamnus, Ericameria, Lorandersonia

purple sage

Salvia leucophylla; Artemisia tridentata

silvery sage

Salvia officinalis
Salvia officinalis#Translingual

The plant Salvia officinalis and savory spice produced from it; also planted for ornamental purposes.


sambar

Borrowed from Hindi सांभर (sāmbhar), साँभर (sāmbhar), from Sanskrit शम्बर (śambara, “a kind of deer”).

der

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-sambar.wav

(zoology) A Southeast Asian deer (Rusa unicolor).


sambar

From Tamil சாம்பார் (cāmpār), from Marathi सांभार (sāmbhār)/सांबार (sāmbār, “curry”), from Old Marathi सांबार (sāṃbāra), from Sanskrit सम्भार (sambhārá, “materials required for a particular purpose, provision; collection of spices”), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *sambʰārás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sambʰārás, from Proto-Indo-European *sem-bʰor-ó-s, from *sem- (“together, one”) + *bʰer- (“to bear, carry”) + *-ós (deverbal suffix). Doublet of Anbar and ambar.

af

(cooking) A food preparation common in southern India and Sri Lanka, made of vegetables and lentils (usually pigeon peas, also called toor dal) in a spicy tamarind and lentil flour soup base.


scat

en-noun

scat (countable and uncountable, plural scats)

Origin uncertain. Both the Oxford English Dictionary and Merriam-Webster suggest derivation from Ancient Greek σκῶρ (skôr, “excrement”), compare English scato-, but Random House Dictionary suggests that the popular character of the word makes this unlikely. Perhaps from English dialectal scat (“to scatter, fling, bespatter”), or an alteration of shit, which is also used for "drugs, heroin".

They turned to polar bear feces, or scat, as it is commonly called. […] She and Quinoa [a dog] worked with Dr. Rockwell to collect and study samples of polar bear scat for several years and found that the bears were eating lots of geese.

2014 September 22, James Gorman, “For polar bears, a climate change twist [print version: For hungry polar bears, a climate change twist, International New York Times, 24 September 2014, p 12]”, in The New York Times:

2018 Brent Butt as Brent Herbert Leroy, "Sasquatch Your Language", Corner Gas Animated
Wherever legitimate tracks are found there's always some fresh scat, y'know, poo, flop, dumplings.

(biology) Animal excrement; droppings, dung.


scat

en-verb

scat (third-person singular simple present scats, present participle scatting, simple past and past participle scatted)

scats (present singular third-person)
scatting (participle present)
scatted (participle past)
scatted (past)

(music, jazz) To sing an improvised melodic solo using nonsense syllables, often onomatopoeic or imitative of musical instruments.


sifter

Near-synonym: sieve

A tool for sifting, especially one for powdered cooking ingredients.

He was employed as a sifter.

Any lamellirostral bird, as a duck or goose, so called because it sifts or strains its food from the water and mud by means of the lamellae of the beak.


silage

en-noun

silage (usually uncountable, plural silages)

→ Welsh: silwair

Alteration (probably by influence of silo) of ensilage (1881), itself from French ensilage, from ensiler (“put in a silo”), from Spanish ensilar.

Compared to the corn silages, the sweetclover silages are much higher in digestible crude protein, but lower in total digestible nutrients.

1939, Journal of Agricultural Research, volume 57, page 506:

Fermented green forage fodder stored in an airtight silo or clamp.


slurry

slurry (countable and uncountable, plural slurries)

Unclear; probably related to Middle English sloor (“thin or fluid mud”); compare slur. From mid-15th c.


sparge

Borrowed from Middle French espargier, from Latin spargō (whence English sparse), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pregʰ- (“to scatter, to jerk”).


sumac

en-noun

sumac (usually uncountable, plural sumacs)

The noun is derived from Middle English sumac, asimac, simak, sumak, symak (“portions of the shrub Rhus coriaria, chiefly used for medicinal purposes”), from Anglo-Norman sumak, symak, and Old French sumac, or directly from its etymon Medieval Latin sumach, sumac, from Arabic سُمَّاق (summāq), from Classical Syriac ܣܘܡܩܐ (summāqā, “red; sumac”). The English word is cognate with Italian sommaco, sommacco, Occitan simac, Portuguese sumagre, Spanish zumaque.
The verb is derived from the noun.

sumak

shrub or small tree of the genus Rhus, etc.

The spices used in this bread are zaatar and sumack. [...] Sumack is a spice derived from the berries of a bush that grows wild in all Mediterranean areas. The berries are dried and crushed to form a coarse purple-red powder. It has a sour taste.

2006, Rivka Goldman, “Bread with Spices”, in Mama Nazima’s Jewish-Iraqi Cuisine: Low-fat, Low-cholesterol: Cuisine, History, Cultural References and Survival Stories of the Jewish-Iraqi, New York, N.Y.: Hippocrene Books, →ISBN, page 159:

Sumac is a berry from a bush which grows mostly in southern Italy and the Middle East. The berries are dried and crushed to make ground sumac, used in making many foods such as Yaprakh, Kinirmasee (fried artichoke) and salad.

2015, Ala Barzinji, “Simple Dishes”, in Traditional Kurdish Food: An Insight into Kurdish Culinary Heritage, Kibworth Beauchamp, Leicestershire: Matador, →ISBN, page 172:

A sour spice popular in the Eastern Mediterranean, made from the berries of tanner's sumac.


tannin

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-tannin.wav

From French tannin, from Latin tannum (“oak bark”), from Gaulish *tannos (“oak”). Related to tan.

(chemistry) Tannic acid or any of its derivatives.


tapa

Any appetizer or snack served in the evening as part of tapas.


thrum

onomatopoeic

Imitative

The trailblazing Oaxacan chef Alejandro Ruiz […] has spiked this black-bean sauce with a hidden depth charge of flavor: patches of foliage from a local avocado tree. The leaves electrify the sauce with an unexpected thrum of black licorice.

2014 October 25, Jeff Gordinier, “In search of the perfect taco”, in T: The New York Times Style Magazine (international edition), page 100:


tipper

So called from the first brewer of it, one Thomas Tipper.

a pint of the celebrated staggering ale or Real Old Brighton Tipper at supper

1842 December – 1844 July, Charles Dickens, The Life and Adventures of Martin Chuzzlewit, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1844, →OCLC:

A kind of ale brewed with brackish water obtained from a particular well.


whelk

From Middle English whelke, a variant of welk, from Old English weoloc, wiloc, wioloc, weluc, from Proto-West Germanic *weluk (compare Middle Dutch willoc, Dutch wulk), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn, revolve”) (whence vulva and volute). Unetymological spelling with wh- from the 15th century.

der

Certain edible sea snails, especially, any one of numerous species of large marine gastropods belonging to Buccinidae, much used as food in Europe.

峨螺

edible sea snail of the family Buccinidae


widget

Coined by American playwright George S. Kaufman in 1924 in his play Beggar on Horseback (1924).

coin

A floating device inside a beer can, meant to create foam when opened.


zester

A kitchen implement used to remove the zest of citrus fruit.


taffy

en-noun

taffy (countable and uncountable, plural taffies)

Probably related to tafia (“a type of rum”).

(US) A soft, chewy candy made from boiled sugar, molasses, or corn syrup and butter.

[…] if these statistices should seem to fail to tally with the facts, in places, do not nudge your neighbor, or press your foot upon his toes, or manifest, by any other sign, your awareness that taffy is being distributed.

1881, Mark Twain, Unfinished Burlesque on Books of Etiquette:

Cut out the taffy. Who's your friend?


muddle

From Middle English modelen (attested in present participle modeland (“wallowing”)), from Middle Dutch moddelen (“to make muddy”), from modde, mod (“mud”) (Modern Dutch modder). Compare German Kuddelmuddel.

(cooking and cocktails) A mixture of crushed ingredients, as prepared with a muddler.


blanch

en-verb

blanch (third-person singular simple present blanches, present participle blanching, simple past and past participle blanched)

blanches (present singular third-person)
blanching (participle present)
blanched (participle past)
blanched (past)

From Middle English blaunchen, from Old French blanchir, from Old French blanc (“white”), from Early Medieval Latin blancus, from Frankish *blank, from Proto-Germanic *blankaz (“bright, shining, blinding, white”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleyǵ- (“to shine”).
Cognates
Cognate with blench (“to deceive, to trick”) through Proto-Indo-European, whence other etymology of blanch.

der

(transitive, cooking) To cook by dipping briefly into boiling water, then directly into cold water.

бланширам

to cook by dipping briefly into boiling water, then directly into cold water


botanical

But where vodka stays neutral, gin is infused with botanicals — a witch’s pantry of roots, berries, herbs, dried fruits and spices — dominated by the piney, breezy aroma of juniper berries.

2007 May 2, Eric Asimov, “No, Really, It Was Tough: 4 People, 80 Martinis”, in New York Times:

(cosmetics, cooking, medicine) Something derived from a botanical, especially herbal, source


braise

en-verb

braise (third-person singular simple present braises, present participle braising, simple past and past participle braised)

braises (present singular third-person)
braising (participle present)
braised (participle past)
braised (past)

From French braise (“live coals”) and braiser (“to braise”, from the noun), from Old French brese (“embers”), from Old Low Franconian/Old Dutch; akin to Norwegian/Swedish braseld (“sparkling fire”), Norwegian/Swedish dialectal brasa (“to roast”), Danish dialectal brase (“to flambé, enflame”). Perhaps from Gothic *𐌱𐍂𐌰𐍃𐌰 (*brasa, “glowing coal”), from Proto-Germanic *brasō (“gleed, crackling coal”), Proto-Indo-European *bʰres- (“to crack, break, burst”). Cognate with Icelandic brasa (“to harden by fire”). See burst.

der

(cooking) To cook in a small amount of liquid, in a covered pan, somewhere between steaming and boiling.


bridal

From Middle English bridale, from Old English brȳdealo (“wedding ale; wedding feast”). The attributive usage was strengthened by association with bride + -al.

inh

[…] the crowne, which Ariadne wore / Upon her yvory forehead, that same day / That Theseus her unto his bridal bore […]

1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book VI, Canto X”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:

Thus, in the dead time of the night before her bridal, Edith Granger wrestled with her unquiet spirit, tearless, friendless, silent, proud, and uncomplaining.

1846 October 1 – 1848 April 1, Charles Dickens, Dombey and Son, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1848, →OCLC:

(archaic) A wedding feast or festival; a wedding.


caper

(usually in the plural) Playful behaviour.


caper

en-verb

caper (third-person singular simple present capers, present participle capering, simple past and past participle capered)

capers (present singular third-person)
capering (participle present)
capered (participle past)
capered (past)


caper

From Latin capparis, from Ancient Greek κάππαρις (kápparis).

Capparis spinosa
Capparis spinosa#Translingual

The pungent grayish green flower bud of the European and Oriental caper (Capparis spinosa), which is pickled and eaten.


crisp

From Middle English crisp (“curly”), from Old English crisp (“curly”), from Latin crispus (“curly”). Doublet of crape and crepe.

"Go and get some crisps and pop," he said.

1971, Richard Carpenter, Catweazle and the Magic Zodiac, Harmondsworth: Puffin Books, page 33:

Turn you inside out and lick you like a crisp packet

2014, “Every Other Freckle”, in This Is All Yours, performed by alt-J:

As I sit in front of the TV angrily eating crisps, it comes to me. I will challenge her to a race.

2016, Steve Coogan, Neil Gibbons & Rob Gibbons, Alan Partridge: Nomad, page 44:

(UK, Ireland) A very thin slice of potato that has been deep fried, typically packaged and sold as a snack.

A baked dessert made with fruit and crumb topping

kale crisps

(UK, Ireland, food) Anything baked or fried in thin slices and eaten as a snack.