deep sleep

en-noun

deep sleep (countable and uncountable, plural deep sleeps)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-deep sleep.wav

Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see deep, sleep.

(medicine) stage 3 of non-rapid eye movement sleep

Donnchadh and Gwalcmai, along with the other fourteen teams selected for planetary infiltration, had been put into deep sleep shortly after liftoff from their planet.

2004, Robert Doherty, Area 51: Legend, →ISBN:

The Kironian had remained in deep sleep until alerted by a high-pitched squeaky sound. When the Kironian woke, everything seemed as though it had just left Kiron.

2005, Bob Ticer, Visiting the Strange Planet Called Earth, →ISBN, page 13:

There is also the possibility that our aliens perfected cryogenics and simply went into deep sleep until the environment improved.

2008, Cavin Wright, The Golden Prize, →ISBN, page 17:

(rare, fiction) Artificially induced hibernation in humans for the purpose of long distance space travel.


hibernate

en-verb

hibernate (third-person singular simple present hibernates, present participle hibernating, simple past and past participle hibernated)

hibernates (present singular third-person)
hibernating (participle present)
hibernated (participle past)
hibernated (past)

[ˈhɑɪbəˌnɛɪt]

From Latin hībernātus, from hībernāre, from hībernus (“winter”).

Coordinate term: estivate

Hedgehogs and bears are two of the many mammals that hibernate in winter.

Organisms have developed all sorts of ways of dealing with these variations. They hibernate or estivate or migrate.

2014, Elizabeth Kolbert, chapter 8, in The Sixth Extinction: An Unnatural History, Henry Holt and Company:

(intransitive, biology) To spend the winter in a dormant or inactive state of minimal activity, low body temperature, slow breathing and heart rate, and low metabolic rate; to go through a winter sleep.

أَسْبَتَ

spend winter time in a dormant or inactive state


pajamas

en-noun

pajamas pl (normally plural, singular pajama)

→ Korean: 파자마 (pajama)

→ Japanese: パジャマ (pajama)

→ Tagalog: padyama

Canada, Midland US, Northern US, Western US

From Urdu پاجامہ (pājāma) / Hindi पाजामा (pājāmā), from Classical Persian پَاجَامَه (pājāma, “trousers, drawers”), from پَا (pā, “leg”) + جَامَه (jāma, “garment”).

шалва́ри

loose-fitting trousers worn in South Asia

pyjamas

borrowed from Hindi पैजामा (paijāmā); Urdu پائِجامَہ (pāijāma), using Classical Persian پَای (pāy) instead of پَا (pā)

Clothes for wearing to bed and sleeping in, usually consisting of a loose-fitting shirt and pants/trousers.

pizhamë

clothes for wearing to bed and sleeping in


bed

→ Chichewa: bedi

→ Chuukese: pet

→ Esperanto: bedo

→ Japanese: ベッド (beddo)

African-American Vernacular, some speakers

From Middle English bed, bedde, from Old English bedd, from Proto-West Germanic *badi, from Proto-Germanic *badją (“resting-place, plot of ground”).
cognates
Cognate with North Frisian baad, beed, Saterland Frisian Bääd, West Frisian bêd, Low German Bedd, Dutch bed, German Bett, Swedish bädd, Icelandic beður, all meaning “bed”.
further possible etymology and cognates
The Proto-Germanic term may in turn be from Proto-Indo-European *bʰedʰ- (“to dig”) with various theories explaining the development in meaning. If it is, the term is also cognate with Ancient Greek βοθυρος (bothuros, “pit”), Latin fossa (“ditch”), Latvian bedre (“hole”), Welsh bedd (“grave”), Breton bez (“grave”); and probably also Russian бодать (bodatʹ, “to butt, gore”).

bed

flat surface or layer on which something else is to be placed

He's been afraid of bed since he saw the scary film.

A piece of furniture, usually flat and soft, on which to rest or sleep.

(uncountable, usually after a preposition) Sleep; rest; getting to sleep.


sound

en-adj

sound (comparative sounder, superlative soundest)

sounder (comparative)
soundest (superlative)

From Middle English sound, sund, isund, ȝesund, from Old English sund, ġesund (“sound, safe, whole, uninjured, healthy, prosperous”), from Proto-West Germanic *sund, from Proto-Germanic *gasundaz, *sundaz (“healthy”), from Proto-Indo-European *sunt-, *swent- (“vigorous, active, healthy”).
Cognate with Scots sound, soun (“healthy, sound”), Saterland Frisian suund, gesuund (“healthy”), West Frisian sûn (“healthy”), Dutch gezond (“healthy, sound”), Low German sund, gesund (“healthy”), German gesund (“healthy, sound”), Danish sund (“healthy”), Swedish sund (“sound, healthy”). Related also to Dutch gezwind (“fast, quick”), German geschwind (“fast, quick”), Old English swīþ (“strong, mighty, powerful, active, severe, violent”). See swith.

cog

a sound beating


sound

en-adv

sound (comparative more sound, superlative most sound)

more sound (comparative)
most sound (superlative)

So ſound he ſlept, that nought mought him awake.

1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book I, Canto I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 42:


oversleep

en-verb

oversleep (third-person singular simple present oversleeps, present participle oversleeping, simple past and past participle overslept)

oversleeps (present singular third-person)
oversleeping (participle present)
overslept (participle past)
overslept (past)

/ˈəʊvəɹˌsliːp/

to oversleep one's usual hour of rising

(transitive) To sleep beyond (a given time), to sleep through (an event etc.).


dormouse

From Middle English dormowse, of uncertain origin. Possibly from a dialectal *dor-, from Old Norse dár (“benumbed”) + mous (“mouse”). More at doze, mouse.
The word is sometimes conjectured to come from an Anglo-Norman derivative of Old French dormir (“to sleep”) (as *dormouse (“tending to be dormant”), with second element mistaken for mouse), but no such Anglo-Norman term is known to have existed.

(figuratively) A person who sleeps a great deal, or who falls asleep readily (by analogy with the sound hibernation of the dormouse).


dream

[d̠͡ɹ̠˔ʷɪi̯m]

From Middle English drem, from Old English drēam (“music, joy”), from Proto-West Germanic *draum, from Proto-Germanic *draumaz, from earlier *draugmaz, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrowgʰ-mos, from *dʰrewgʰ- (“to deceive, injure, damage”).
The sense of "dream", though not attested in Old English, may still have been present (compare Old Saxon drōm (“bustle, revelry, jubilation", also "dream”)), and was undoubtedly reinforced later in Middle English by Old Norse draumr (“dream”), from same Proto-Germanic root.
Cognate with Scots dreme (“dream”), North Frisian drom (“dream”), West Frisian dream (“dream”), Low German Droom, Dutch droom (“dream”), German Traum (“dream”), Danish and Norwegian Bokmål drøm, Norwegian Nynorsk draum, Swedish dröm (“dream”), Icelandic draumur (“dream”). Related also to Old Norse draugr (“ghost, undead, spectre”), Dutch bedrog (“deception, deceit”), German Trug (“deception, illusion”).
more details
The derivation from Old English drēam is controversial, since the word itself is only attested in writing in its meaning of “joy, mirth, musical sound”. Possibly there was a separate word drēam meaning “images seen while sleeping”, which was avoided in literature due to potential confusion with the “joy” sense. Otherwise, the modern sense must have been borrowed from another Germanic language, most probably Old Norse. Since this is the common sense in all Germanic languages outside the British isles, a spontaneous development from “joy, mirth” to “dream” in Middle English is hardly conceivable. In Old Saxon, the cognate drōm did mean “dream”, but was a rare word.
Attested words for “sleeping vision” in Old English, both of which appeared in The Dream of the Rood, were mǣting (Middle English mæte, mete), from an unclear source, and swefn (Modern English sweven), from Proto-Germanic *swefnaz, from Proto-Indo-European *swepno-, *swep-; compare Ancient Greek ὕπνος (húpnos, “sleep”).
The verb is from Middle English dremen, possibly (see above) from Old English drīeman (“to make a joyous sound with voice or with instrument; rejoice; sing a song; play on an instrument”), from Proto-Germanic *draumijaną, *draugmijaną (“to be festive, dream, hallucinate”), from the noun. Cognate with Scots dreme (“to dream”), West Frisian dreame (“to dream”), Dutch dromen (“to dream”), German träumen (“to dream”), Swedish drömma (“to dream, muse”), Icelandic dreyma (“to dream”).

inh

have a dream

scary dream

vivid dream

erotic dream

feel like a dream

be in a dream

Dreams are but interludes which fancy makes.

1700, [John] Dryden, “The Cock and the Fox: Or, The Tale of the Nun’s Priest, from Chaucer”, in Fables Ancient and Modern; […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:

She wakened in sharp panic, bewildered by the grotesquerie of some half-remembered dream in contrast with the harshness of inclement fact, drowsily realizing that since she had fallen asleep it had come on to rain smartly out of a shrouded sky.

1914 November, Louis Joseph Vance, “An Outsider […]”, in Munsey’s Magazine, volume LIII, number II, New York, N.Y.: The Frank A[ndrew] Munsey Company, […], published 1915, →OCLC, chapter II (Burglary), page 378, column 1:

And I find it kind of funny, I find it kind of sad
 The dreams in which I'm dying are the best I've ever had

1982, “Mad World”, in Roland Orzabal (lyrics), The Hurting, performed by Tears for Fears:

Imaginary events seen in the mind while sleeping.

tahakura

involving the appearance of someone who has died


sleep

en-verb

sleep (third-person singular simple present sleeps, present participle sleeping, simple past and past participle slept)

sleeps (present singular third-person)
sleeping (participle present)
slept (participle past)
slept (past)

Sranan Tongo: sribi

From Middle English slepen, from Anglian Old English slēpan, a variant of slǣpan, from Proto-West Germanic *slāpan, from Proto-Germanic *slēpaną.

After a failed connection attempt, the program sleeps for 5 seconds before trying again.

(computing, intransitive) To wait for a period of time without performing any action.


lullaby

From Middle English lullen (“to lull”) + bye. First recorded circa 1560. Compare Old English bī, bī (“lullaby!”, interjection).

cog

sing a lullaby

A cradlesong, a soothing song to calm children or lull them to sleep.

slaapliedjie

a soothing song to lull children to sleep

колыбе́льная

пе́сня (pésnja)


tired

en-adj

tired (comparative more tired or tireder, superlative most tired or tiredest)

more tired (comparative)
tireder (comparative)
most tired (superlative)
tiredest (superlative)

The famous words of Emma Lazarus on the pedestal of the Statue of Liberty read: “Give me your tired, your poor, your huddled masses yearning to breathe free.” Until 1921 this was an accurate picture of our society. Under present law it would be appropriate to add: “as long as they come from Northern Europe, are not too tired or too poor or slightly ill, never stole a loaf of bread, never joined any questionable organization, and can document their activities for the past two years.”

1964, John F. Kennedy, “Where We Stand”, in A Nation of Immigrants, Revised and Enlarged edition, Harper & Row, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 77:


fast

fast (comparative faster, superlative fastest)

faster (comparative)
fastest (superlative)

slow

antonym(s) of “occurring or happening within a short time”

From Middle English fast, fest, from Old English fæst (“firm, secure”), from Proto-West Germanic *fast, from Proto-Germanic *fastuz; see it for cognates and further etymology.
The development of “rapid” from an original sense of “secure” apparently happened first in the adverb and then transferred to the adjective; compare hard in expressions like “to run hard”. The original sense of “secure, firm” is now slightly archaic, but retained in the related fasten (“make secure”). Also compare close meaning change from Latin rapiō (“to snatch”) to Latin rapidus (“rapid, quick”), from Irish sciob (“to snatch”) to Irish sciobtha (“quick”).

алас

moving or capable of moving with great speed

masalusu

velocity of a flowing liquid in a body of water

don't drive faster than your guardian angel can fly

(computing, of a piece of hardware) Able to transfer data in a short period of time.

nopea

computing: able to transfer data in a short period of time

quick

Since his majesty went into the field, I have seen her rise from her bed, throw her nightgown upon her, unlock her closet, take forth paper, fold it, write upon’t, read it, afterwards seal it, and again return to bed; yet all this while in a most fast sleep.

c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i]:

Deep or sound (of sleep); fast asleep (of people).


turn in

en-verb

turn in (third-person singular simple present turns in, present participle turning in, simple past and past participle turned in)

turns in (present singular third-person)
turning in (participle present)
turned in (participle past)
turned in (past)

I'm tired, so I think I'll turn in early tonight.

"Landlord," said I, "tell him to stash his tomahawk there, or pipe, or whatever you call it; tell him to stop smoking, in short, and I will turn in with him.

1851 November 14, Herman Melville, chapter 3, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC, page 27:

(intransitive, idiomatic) To go to bed; to retire to bed.


knock out

knock out (third-person singular simple present knocks out, present participle knocking out, simple past and past participle knocked out)

knocks out (present singular third-person)
knocking out (participle present)
knocked out (participle past)
knocked out (past)

→ Macedonian: нокаут (nokaut)

→ Portuguese: nocaute

→ Russian: нокаут (nokaut)

→ Serbo-Croatian: нокаут

→ Spanish: nocaut

→ Turkish: nakavt

The allergy pill knocked him out for a good three hours.

(transitive, informal, idiomatic) To put to sleep.

To strike or render unconscious
To put to sleep.


soporific

en-adj

soporific (comparative more soporific, superlative most soporific)

more soporific (comparative)
most soporific (superlative)

/ˌsəʊ.pəˈɹɪf.ɪk/

From French soporifique, from Latin sopor (“deep sleep”). Unrelated to stupor (distinct in Proto-Indo-European).

For we are not here to understand, as perhaps some have, that an author actually falls asleep while he is writing. It is true, that readers are too apt to be so overtaken; […]To say the truth, these soporific parts are so many scenes of serious artfully interwoven, in order to contrast and set off the rest;

1749, Henry Fielding, chapter I, in The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC, book V:

It is said that the effect of eating too much lettuce is “soporific.” I have never felt sleepy after eating lettuces; but then I am not a rabbit. They certainly had a very soporific effect upon the Flopsy Bunnies!

1909, Beatrix Potter, The Tale of The Flopsy Bunnies:

I should imagine that the smooth riding and the quietness of the diesel or electric cab, coupled with the effect on the eyes of endless successions of sleepers disappearing from sight immediately under the driver's eyes, might in time have a soporific effect, so that the company of a second man, who can assist in signal observations when he is not at work in the engine cab, seems highly desirable in such conditions.

1961 July, Cecil J. Allen, “Locomotive Running Past and Present”, in Trains Illustrated, page 401:


asleep

From Middle English aslepe, equivalent to a- (“in, on”) + sleep.

I was asleep when you called.

Never disturb a man asleep.

In a state of sleep; also, broadly, resting.

усну́вший

to fall asleep - усну́ть (usnútʹ), засну́ть (zasnútʹ)

My arm fell asleep. You know, like pins and needles.

Louisa sat in the car crying, until her foot fell asleep. She shook her foot violently, afraid the numbness would turn to frostbite.

2003, Norma L. Bronoski, Nuns Don't Dance:

(of a body part) Having a numb or prickling sensation accompanied by a degree of unresponsiveness.


watch

As a noun, from Middle English wacche, from Old English wæċċe. See below for verb form.

A period of wakefulness between the two sleeps of a biphasic sleep pattern (the dead sleep or first sleep and morning sleep or second sleep): the first waking.

(nautical) A period of time on duty, usually four hours in length; the officers and crew who tend the working of a vessel during the same watch. (FM 55–501).

A quick watch of Stanley Kubrick's Clockwork Orange sends this reality home fast. Amoral, vacuous, cold-blooded, unsympathetic, and chillingly evil describe only parts of the story.

The first third of the film is laugh after laugh; […] But half an hour in and this movie gets unnervingly dark and is an uncomfortable watch at times.

2016 August 11, Andrew Bullock, “David Brent REVIEW: Life on the Road goes from painfully funny to just plain painful. Ouch”, in Sunday Express:

The act of seeing, or viewing, for a period of time.


watch

en-verb

watch (third-person singular simple present watches, present participle watching, simple past and past participle watched)

watches (present singular third-person)
watching (participle present)
watched (participle past)
watched (past)

From Middle English wacchen, from Old English wæċċan, from Proto-West Germanic *wakkjan, from Proto-Germanic *wakjaną.

Watching the clock will not make time go faster.

I'm tired of watching TV.

It was a joy to snatch some brief respite, and find himself in the rectory drawing–room. Listening here was as pleasant as talking; just to watch was pleasant. The young priests who lived here wore cassocks and birettas; their faces were fine and mild, yet really strong, like the rector's face; and in their intercourse with him and his wife they seemed to be brothers.

1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter X, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:

(transitive, intransitive) To look at, see, or view for a period of time.

Watch this!

Put a little baking soda in some vinegar and watch what happens.

(transitive) To observe over a period of time; to notice or pay attention.

So on the morne Sir Trystram, Sir Gareth and Sir Dynadan arose early and went unto Sir Palomydes chambir, and there they founde hym faste aslepe, for he had all nyght wacched […]

1485, Thomas Malory, Le Morte d'Arthur, Book X:


cot

Borrowed from Hindi खाट (khāṭ), from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀔𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸 (khaṭṭā), from Sanskrit खट्वा (khaṭvā, “bedstead”).

(nautical, historical) A wooden bed frame, slung by its corners from a beam, in which officers slept before the introduction of bunks.


succubus

Alteration in Middle English (based on incubus m) of Late Latin succuba (“strumpet, especially a mythological fiend in female form who has intercourse with men in their sleep”), from Latin succubo (“to lie under”), from sub- (“under”) + cubare (“to lie down”).

der

Coordinate term: incubus

1977 Italo Calvino, The Castle of Crossed Destinies, Part 2, Chapter 5, 1969. Translated from Italian by William Weaver.
When the Sabbath is caught by the first ray of the rising sun, all the witches and the vampires, incubi and succubi, take flight, some transforming themselves into noctules, some into other bats, some into still other species of Chiroptera.

(mediaeval folklore) A female demon which comes to men, especially monks, in their dreams to seduce them and have sexual intercourse, drawing energy from the men to sustain themselves, often until the point of exhaustion or death.


incubus

From Late Latin incubus, from Latin incubō (“nightmare, one who lies down on the sleeper”), from incubō (“to lie upon, to hatch”, from in- (“on”) + cubō (“to lie down”)).

it increaseth fearful dreams, incubus, night-walking, crying out, and much unquietness […] .

Burton with W.H. Gass, The Anatomy of Melancholy, NYRB Classics ser. (New York: New York Review Books, 2001, orig. 1932), vol. 1, p. 249

A feeling of oppression during sleep, sleep paralysis; night terrors, a nightmare.


kip

1760–70, probably related to Danish kippe (“dive, hovel, cheap inn”) and Middle Low German kiffe (“hovel”). From the same distant Germanic root as cove.

I’m just going for my afternoon kip.

(informal, chiefly UK, Ireland, Commonwealth) Sleep, snooze, nap, forty winks, doze.


sleepy

en-adj

sleepy (comparative sleepier, superlative sleepiest)

sleepier (comparative)
sleepiest (superlative)

Etymology tree
Proto-Germanic *slēpaz
Proto-West Germanic *slāp
Proto-Indo-European *-kos
Proto-Germanic *-gaz
Proto-West Germanic *-g
Proto-West Germanic *slāpag
Old English *slǣpiġ
Middle English slepi
English sleepy
From Middle English slepi, slepy, from Anglian Old English *slēpiġ (cognate with West Saxon *slǣpiġ, attested in unslǣpiġ (“not sleepy, sleepless”)), from Proto-West Germanic *slāpag (“sleepy”), equivalent to sleep + -y. Cognate with Saterland Frisian släipich (“sleepy”), West Frisian sliepich (“sleepy”), Middle Dutch slapig, slêpig, slapich (“sleepy”), Middle Low German slâpich, Middle High German slāfec (> archaic German schlafig (“sleepy”)).

etymon

She wak'd her sleepy crew.

1700, [John] Dryden, “Cymon and Iphigenia, from Boccace”, in Fables Ancient and Modern; […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:

a sleepy drink or potion

[T]he yong L. Roger Mortimer, […] hauing corrupted his Keepers, or (as ſome others vvrite) hauing potioned them vvith a ſleepy drinke, eſcaped out of the Tovver of London, getting ouer clearely vvithout any empeachment into France.

1611, Iohn Speed [i.e., John Speed], The History of Great Britaine under the Conquests of yͤ Romans, Saxons, Danes and Normans. […], London: […] William Hall and John Beale, for John Sudbury and George Humble, […], →OCLC, book IX ([Englands Monarchs] […]), paragraph 49, page 561, column 1:


sleepy

en-noun

sleepy (countable and uncountable, plural sleepies)

"Did he always leave the sleepy in his eyes?" "Never removed it; let it build up in the comers of his eyes over the weeks until it was heavy enough to fall […]

1964, Ken Kesey, Sometimes a Great Notion:

But the nightdress was heavy, the sleepy in her eyes was heavy, her hair (she made a mustache of one of its locks) was heavy and smelled of cigarettes […]

(informal, uncountable or in the plural) The gum that builds up in the eye; sleep, gound.


snore

non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger

From Middle English snoren, fnoren (“to snore loudly; snort”), from Middle English snore, *fnore (“snore; snort”, noun), from Old English fnora (“snort; sneezing”), from Proto-Germanic *fnuzô, from Proto-Indo-European *pnew- (“to breathe; snort; sneeze”). Compare also Proto-West Germanic *snarkōn, Middle Low German snorren (“to drone”), Dutch snorren (“to hum, purr”).
The change fn → sn in this word is regular, seen also in sneeze, from Middle English fnesen (see sneeze for more).

der

(informal) An extremely boring person or event.


Sleeping Beauty

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Sleeping Beauty.wav

In the genetics sense, so called because the transposon was brought back to activity from a long evolutionary sleep.

Alternative form of sleeping beauty (Oxalis corniculata).


oneirology

en-noun

oneirology (countable and uncountable, plural oneirologies)

From oneiro- + -logy, historically from Latin oneirologia from Ancient Greek ὄνειρος (óneiros, “dream”).

uder

The study of dreams and their interpretation.


rapid eye movement

en-noun

rapid eye movement (countable and uncountable, plural rapid eye movements)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-rapid eye movement.wav

Fast movement of the eyes, characterising REM sleep


REM sleep

REM sleep (usually uncountable, plural REM sleeps)

The stage of sleep during which most brain activity and dreams occur, characterised by rapid eye movement (REM).


REM

REM (countable and uncountable, plural REMs)

From the initial letters of rapid eye movement.

rapid eye movement
rapid eye movement#English


fall asleep

en-verb

fall asleep (third-person singular simple present falls asleep, present participle falling asleep, simple past fell asleep, past participle fallen asleep)

falls asleep (present singular third-person)
falling asleep (participle present)
fell asleep (past)
fallen asleep (participle past)

awake

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-fall asleep.wav

She wakened in sharp panic, bewildered by the grotesquerie of some half-remembered dream in contrast with the harshness of inclement fact, drowsily realizing that since she had fallen asleep it had come on to rain smartly out of a shrouded sky.

To pass from a state of wakefulness into sleep.


nap

nap (third-person singular simple present naps, present participle napping, simple past and past participle napped)

naps (present singular third-person)
napping (participle present)
napped (participle past)
napped (past)

From Middle English nappen, from Old English hnappian (“to doze, slumber, sleep”), from Proto-West Germanic *hnappōn (“to nap”). Cognate with Old High German hnaffezan, hnaffezzan (whence Middle High German nafzen (“to slumber”) whence German dialectal napfezen, nafzen (“to nod, slumber, nap”)).

cog

To have a nap; to sleep for a short period of time, especially during the day.


roost

From Middle English roste (“chicken's roost; perch”), from Old English hrōst (“wooden framework of a roof; roost”), from Proto-West Germanic *hrōst, from Proto-Germanic *hrōstaz (“wooden framework; grill”); see *raustijan.
Cognate with Dutch roest (“roost”), German Low German Rust (“roost”), German Rost (“grate; gridiron; grill”).

inh

the highest branch is not the safest roost

(Scotland) The open cross-joists or inner roof of a cottage or living space.


roost

en-verb

roost (third-person singular simple present roosts, present participle roosting, simple past and past participle roosted)

roosts (present singular third-person)
roosting (participle present)
roosted (participle past)
roosted (past)

(intransitive, of birds or bats) To settle on a perch in order to sleep or rest.


pyjamas

desc

→ Arabic: بِيجَامَا (bījāmā)

→ Arabic: بِيجَامَا (bījāmā)

→ Bulgarian: пижа́ма (pižáma)

→ Catalan: pijama

→ Czech: pyžamo

→ Dutch: pyjama

→ Estonian: pidžaama

→ Finnish: pyjama

desctree

→ French: pyjama
→ Romanian: pijama
→ Turkish: pijama

→ German: Pyjama

→ Greek: πυτζάμα (pytzáma)

→ Lithuanian: pižama

→ Italian: pigiama

→ Norwegian: pysjamas

→ Persian:

Dari: پیژامه (pīžāma)

Iranian Persian: پیژامه (pižâme)

Tajik: пижома (pižoma)

→ Portuguese: pijama

→ Russian: пижама (pižama)
→ Azerbaijani: pijama
→ Kazakh: пижама (pijama)
→ Kyrgyz: пижама (pijama)
→ Tajik: пижама (pižama)
→ Turkmen: pijama
→ Uzbek: pijama

→ Spanish: pijama

→ Ukrainian: піжа́ма (pižáma)

→ Yiddish: פּיזשאַמע (pizhame)

/pɪˈd͡ʒɑːməz/

/paɪˈd͡ʒɑːməz/

From Hindi पैजामा (paijāmā) / Urdu پائِجامَہ (pāijāma), from Classical Persian پایجامه (pāyjāma), archaic form of پاجامه (pājāma).

bor

Urdu پائِجامَہ (pāijāma)

The performer opens one of the small drawers and takes out two sets of pyjamas.

1973, John Clucas Cannell, The Secrets of Houdini, Dover Publications, US, page 231

She wasn′t sure if Lena looked more surprised by her clobbering hug or the sight of her pyjamas on the bright New York City sidewalk.

2007, Ann Brashares, Summers of the Sisterhood: Forever in Blue, page 178:

British standard spelling of pajamas (clothes for sleeping in).


somniloquous

Coined based on Latin somnus (“sleep”) + loquor (“to talk”).


get off

en-verb

get off (third-person singular simple present gets off, present participle getting off, simple past got off, past participle (UK) got off or (US) gotten off)

gets off (present singular third-person)
getting off (participle present)
got off (past)
got off (UK participle past)
gotten off (US participle past)

sundat

to move from being on top of (something)

afhalen van ...

to move (something) from being on (something else)

lakata koskemasta

to stop touching or interfering with something or someone

If I wake up during the night, I cannot get off again.


nappy

Probably shortened from napkin (but possibly a corruption of French nappe, since napkin is already a diminutive) + -y (diminutive ending).

The baby did a poo in her nappy.

You will notice that disposable nappies are sold in boy and girl versions. They vary in where the thickest padding is provided.

1995, Jennie Lindon, Lance Lindon, Leandra Negrini, Caring for Young Children, page 60:

Other equipment required was soap for hand washing and washing of nappies, a washing line for the drying of nappies,[…].

2005, Medical Association of Malawi, “Malawi Medical Journal: The Journal of Medical Association of Malawi”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name), volume 17, page 39:

You could burn disposable nappies (not a very practical option); otherwise, it′s probably best to take a supply of large plastic bags or nappy sacks with you and to dispose of them as thoughtfully as you can.

2008, Isabelle Young, Healthy Travel: Asia & India, 2nd edition, Lonely Planet, page 275:

In response we mailed hundreds of nappies to students in halls. On the nappy was a simple message, IT'S A LOT EASIER TO PUT ON A CONDOM.

2009, Chris Arnold, Ethical Marketing and The New Consumer, page 55:

(British, Ireland, Australia, South Africa, New Zealand) An absorbent garment worn by a baby or toddler who does not yet have voluntary control of their bladder and bowels or by someone who is incontinent; a diaper.


nappy

en-adj

nappy (comparative nappier, superlative nappiest)

nappier (comparative)
nappiest (superlative)

They could scarcely bear their knowledge, nor could they have borne the sight of Rufus, but they knew why he was in the streets tonight, why he rode subways all night long, why his stomach growled, why his hair was nappy, his armpits funky, his pants and shoes too thin, and why he did not dare to stop and take a leak.

1962, James Baldwin, Another Country, New York, N. Y.: The Dial Press, published 1963 January, page 4:

We would talk about each other′s ugly, big lips and flat noses. We would call each other pickaninnies and nappy-haired so-and-so′s.

1987, Assata Shakur, Assata: An Autobiography, page 30:

For example, some Black people′s corporeal zones include nappy hair texture, wide noses, thick lips, and darker-than-white skin complexion, all of which come into play when an individual is interacting with a cultural “Other.”

2006, Ronald L. Jackson II, Scripting the Black Masculine Body, page 52:

She had decided to just cover her hair with a scarf because Aunt Bell was “old school” and Zollar did not want to have to explain why she had nappy hair.

2010, Nadine George-Graves, Urban Bush Women: Twenty Years of African American Dance Theater, Community Engagement, and Working It Out, page 50:

(US, informal, sometimes offensive) Of hair: tightly curled or twisted; frizzy (often specifically in reference to Afro textured hair)

After supper I felt nappy and dropped right off to sleep.

1930, Hubert Evans, H. E. M. Sellen, The Silent Call, page 90:


alarm clock

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-alarm clock.wav

A clock with an alarm that can be set to sound at a determined time.


wakey wakey

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-wakey wakey.wav


rest

en-noun

rest (countable and uncountable, plural rests)

From Middle English rest, reste, from Old English ræst, from Proto-West Germanic *rastu, from Proto-Germanic *rastō, from Proto-Indo-European *ros-, *res-, *erH- (“rest”). Cognate with West Frisian rêst (“rest”), Dutch rust (“rest”), German Rast (“rest”), Swedish rast (“rest”), Norwegian rest (“rest”), Icelandic röst (“rest”), Old Irish árus (“dwelling”), German Ruhe (“calm”), Albanian resht (“to stop, pause”), Welsh araf (“quiet, calm, gentle”), Lithuanian rovà (“calm”), Ancient Greek ἐρωή (erōḗ, “rest, respite”), Avestan 𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌𐬨𐬈 (aⁱrime, “calm, peaceful”), Sanskrit रमते (rámate, “he stays still, calms down”), Gothic 𐍂𐌹𐌼𐌹𐍃 (rimis, “tranquility”). Related to roo.

rest

stick used to support the cue in snooker

I need to get a good rest tonight; I was up late last night.

The sun sets, and the workers go to their rest.

(uncountable, of a person or animal) Relief from work or activity by sleeping; sleep.


drowsy

en-adj

drowsy (comparative drowsier, superlative drowsiest)

drowsier (comparative)
drowsiest (superlative)

From drowse + -y, despite the fact that drowsy (1520) is recorded before drowse (1570). Compare Old English drūsian (“to droop, drowse, become languid”).

der

It was a warm, drowsy summer afternoon.

drowsy medicine

Causing someone to fall sleep or feel sleepy; lulling; soporific.


hag

From Middle English hagge, hegge (“demon, old woman”), shortening of Old English hægtesse, hægtes (“harpy, witch”), from Proto-West Germanic *hagatussjā. Cognate with Saterland Frisian Häkse (“witch”), Dutch heks, German Hexe (“witch”). Doublet of hex.


retire

en-verb

retire (third-person singular simple present retires, present participle retiring, simple past and past participle retired)

retires (present singular third-person)
retiring (participle present)
retired (participle past)
retired (past)

/ɹəˈtaɪə(ɹ)/

From Middle French retirer (“draw back”), from Old French retirer, built from re- (“back”) + tirer (“draw, pull”), the latter from Vulgar Latin *tīrāre, of highly uncertain origin.

I will retire for the night.

In the daytime the beds are made up but completely out of sight, giving the passenger a comfortable little private room; as the time for retiring comes, after preparing for rest in the same spacious conditions, he is able, practically at a touch, to pull the bed into position ready for use.

1944 November and December, “"Duplex Roomette" Sleeping Cars”, in Railway Magazine, page 324:


siesta

From Spanish siesta, from Latin sexta (“the sixth hour from dawn, noon, midday”). Doublet of sext.

der

One humid afternoon a visitor did arrive to disturb Rottcodd as he lay deeply hammocked, for his siesta was broken sharply by a rattling of the door handle […]

1946, Mervyn Peake, Titus Groan, London: Eyre & Spottiswoode, →OCLC:

A nap, especially an afternoon one taken after lunch in some cultures.


zonk out

en-verb

zonk out (third-person singular simple present zonks out, present participle zonking out, simple past and past participle zonked out)

zonks out (present singular third-person)
zonking out (participle present)
zonked out (participle past)
zonked out (past)

After a full day of playing, you'd think that kid would finally zonk out.

(slang) To fall suddenly into a very deep sleep.


zonked

en-adj

zonked (comparative more zonked, superlative most zonked)

more zonked (comparative)
most zonked (superlative)

I must have been really zonked. They said it took fifteen minutes to wake me up.


wake-up call

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-wake-up call.wav

She requested a five a.m. wake-up call from the front desk.

A telephone call to awaken someone at a certain time, especially one requested by the person while staying at a hotel.


slumber

From Middle English slombren, slomren, frequentative of Middle English slummen, slumen (“to doze”), probably from Middle English slume (“slumber”), from Old English slūma, from Proto-Germanic *slūm- (“slack, loose, limp, flabby”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)lew- (“loose, limp, flabby”), equivalent to sloom + -er. Cognate with West Frisian slommerje, slûmerje (“to slumber”), Dutch sluimeren (“to slumber”), German schlummern (“to slumber, doze”), Swedish slummer (“to slumber”).

der

(rare, as used by Magnavox clock radios) The snooze button on an alarm clock.


bedroom

Please don't enter my bedroom without knocking.

The huge square box, parquet-floored and high-ceilinged, had been arranged to display a suite of bedroom furniture designed and made in the halcyon days of the last quarter of the nineteenth century, […].

1963, Margery Allingham, “The Elopers”, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC, page 33:

I am in the bedroom.
Audio (US): (file)

2016, VOA Learning English (public domain)

A room in a house, apartment, hotel or other dwelling where a bed is kept for sleeping.

ацәарҭа

room in a house where a bed is kept for sleeping

alcoba

now especially formal or literary usage, except Colombia


dormitory

From Middle English dormitory, dormytory, dormytorye, borrowed from Latin dormītōrium (“a sleeping-room”), from dormiō (“to sleep”). Doublet of dorter.


sleepwalker

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-sleepwalker.wav

Edward Churchill still attended to his work in a hopeless mechanical manner like a sleep-walker who walks safely on a well-known round. But his Roman collar galled him, his cossack stifled him, his biretta was as uncomfortable as a merry-andrew's cap and bells.

1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XV, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:


La-La Land

Blend of LA (initialism for Los Angeles) and La La Land (metaphorical dreamland).

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-La-La Land.wav

... back to her new home in Calabassas, near Los Angeles. Her years in Phoenix, where she started her own zoo, ended in divorce, "and now I'm back in La La Land," […]

1958, TV Guide, volume 35, numbers 36–39:

(slang, US, figuratively, humorous or derogatory) Los Angeles, California (or Hollywood).


sleepwalk

en-verb

sleepwalk (third-person singular simple present sleepwalks, present participle sleepwalking, simple past and past participle sleepwalked)

sleepwalks (present singular third-person)
sleepwalking (participle present)
sleepwalked (participle past)
sleepwalked (past)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-sleepwalk.wav

The government is sleepwalking into a crisis.

They're trying to sleepwalk past their health problems.

(intransitive, figurative) To perform actions without being aware of them; to do something that invites certain results without confronting that possibility.


narcolepsy

en-noun

narcolepsy (countable and uncountable, plural narcolepsies)

From French narcolepsie. By surface analysis, narco- + -lepsy, from Ancient Greek ναρκόω (narkóō, “put to sleep”) + λῆψις (lêpsis, “seizure”).

compound

Excitement-induced narcolepsy caused him to sleep through the most important events of his life.

(pathology) A disorder characterized by sudden and uncontrollable attacks of deep sleep, often brief, sometimes accompanied by paralysis and hallucinations.


hypnotic

en-adj

hypnotic (comparative more hypnotic, superlative most hypnotic)

more hypnotic (comparative)
most hypnotic (superlative)

[hɪp̚ˈnɑ.ɾɪk̚]

From French hypnotique (“inclined to sleep, soporific”), from Late Latin hypnoticus, from Ancient Greek ὑπνωτικός (hupnōtikós, “inclined to sleep, putting to sleep, sleepy”), from ὑπνῶ (hupnô, “I put to sleep”), from ὕπνος (húpnos, “sleep”).

der

(pharmacology) Inducing sleep; soporific.


comatose

en-adj

comatose (comparative more comatose, superlative most comatose)

more comatose (comparative)
most comatose (superlative)

* perhaps from French comateux
* From Ancient Greek κῶμα (kôma, “deep sleep”) (genitive κώματος (kṓmatos)). Equivalent to coma + -ose (“full of”)

She was lying comatose on the sofa.


torpor

en-noun

torpor (countable and uncountable, plural torpors)

From Latin torpor (“numbness”), from torpeō (“I am numb”).

(biology) A state similar to hibernation characterised by energy-conserving, very deep sleep.

летаргия

(biology) a state similar to hibernation characterised by energy-conserving, very deep sleep


wake up

en-verb

wake up (third-person singular simple present wakes up, present participle waking up, simple past woke up or waked up, past participle woken up or waked up)

wakes up (present singular third-person)
waking up (participle present)
woke up (past)
waked up (past)
woken up (participle past)
waked up (participle past)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Usmaan (Middle river exports)-wake up.wav

I made a speaking trumpet of my hands and commenced to whoop “Ahoy!” and “Hello!” at the top of my lungs. […] The Colonel woke up, and, after asking what in brimstone was the matter, opened his mouth and roared “Hi!” and “Hello!” like the bull of Bashan.

1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter VII, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y., London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:

"Woke up, fell out of bed, dragged a comb across my head"

1967, John Lennon/Paul McCartney, A Day in the Life:

I fell asleep in God's arms and woke up in hell

2020, “Birds of Paradise, Birds of Prey”, performed by The Acacia Strain:

(intransitive) To stop sleeping; to awake.

Wake your brother up; it's time for school.

It had been his intention to go to Wimbledon, but as he himself said: “Why be blooming well frizzled when you can hear all the results over the wireless.[…]You stand by, Janet, and wake me up if they do any of that running commentary stuff.”

1935, George Goodchild, chapter 3, in Death on the Centre Court:

Some businesses were slow to wake up to the importance of the Internet.

That's the third time you've made the same mistake. Wake up!

"Elizabeth line staff are multi-skilled and operate the world's only fully digital railway, but many earn significantly less than other TfL staff in similar roles.That is clearly not an acceptable or sustainable position, and it looks as though the company is waking up to the fact."

2023 May 31, “Network News: Action suspended on Elizabeth line”, in RAIL, number 984, page 21:

(intransitive) To become more aware of a real-life situation; to concentrate on the matter in hand.

esnatu

to become more aware of a real-life situation.


forty winks

As you're so tired, why not try to catch forty winks before you leave?

[…] who evidently a glutton for work, it struck him, was having a quiet forty winks for all intents and purposes on his own private account while Dublin slept.

1922 February, James Joyce, “[[Episode 16]]”, in Ulysses, Paris: Shakespeare and Company, […], →OCLC:

Powell: I... sometimes I need a nap to get through my shift. I sneak off behind the crates to grab forty winks where the supervisor can't find me.

2008, BioWare, Mass Effect (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, →OCLC, PC, scene: Eden Prime:

(idiomatic) A short sleep, an extra sleep, a nap.


turn into a pumpkin

turn into a pumpkin (third-person singular simple present turns into a pumpkin, present participle turning into a pumpkin, simple past and past participle turned into a pumpkin)

turns into a pumpkin (present singular third-person)
turning into a pumpkin (participle present)
turned into a pumpkin (participle past)
turned into a pumpkin (past)

From the story of Cinderella, in which a pumpkin magically transformed into a coach reverts to its original form at midnight.

I'm about ready to turn into a pumpkin. You can stay up later if you want.

Tell her I'm turning into a pumpkin if she stays out too late. She won't be getting a lift from me.

(idiomatic, colloquial) To go to bed; to go to sleep (especially at, or around midnight).


hit the hay

hit the hay (third-person singular simple present hits the hay, present participle hitting the hay, simple past and past participle hit the hay)

hits the hay (present singular third-person)
hitting the hay (participle present)
hit the hay (participle past)
hit the hay (past)

A reference to how farmers tend to stuff the hay from their farms into sacks and then lie down on top of said sacks when they go to sleep.

"Time to hit the hay," Dave yawned. The bartender called "Good-night" as Dingwell went out of the swinging doors.

1917, William MacLeod Raine, chapter 3, in The Sheriff's Son:


hit the sack

hit the sack (third-person singular simple present hits the sack, present participle hitting the sack, simple past and past participle hit the sack)

hits the sack (present singular third-person)
hitting the sack (participle present)
hit the sack (participle past)
hit the sack (past)

A reference to how farmers tend to sleep on sacks of hay.

K.P. Arches—Like a housewife who spends a day on the range, a soldier gets tired feet and is eager to hit the sack.

1953, "New Army, Familiar Scenes" (photo essay), New York Times, 18 Jan., p. SM45 (caption)


catch some z's

catch some z's (third-person singular simple present catches some z's, present participle catching some z's, simple past and past participle caught some z's)

catches some z's (present singular third-person)
catching some z's (participle present)
caught some z's (participle past)
caught some z's (past)

From the typical use of Zs in speech bubbles to represent the sounds a person makes when sleeping (especially snoring).

His boss found him catching some z's at his desk yesterday.


somniferous

en-adj

somniferous (comparative more somniferous, superlative most somniferous)

more somniferous (comparative)
most somniferous (superlative)

From Latin somnifer + -ous, from somnus (“sleep”) + ferre (“to bring”).

(pharmacology) causing or inducing sleep, normally with harmful overtones.


nightmare

From Middle English night-mare, from Old English *nihtmare, equivalent to night + mare (“evil spirit believed to afflict a sleeping person”). Cognate with Scots nichtmare and nichtmeer, Dutch nachtmerrie, Middle Low German nachtmār, German Nachtmahr.

com

I had a nightmare that I tried to run but could neither move nor breathe.

July 18 2012, Scott Tobias, AV Club The Dark Knight Riseshttp://www.avclub.com/articles/the-dark-knight-rises-review-batman,82624/
With his crude potato-sack mask and fear-inducing toxins, The Scarecrow, a “psychopharmacologist” at an insane asylum, acts as a conjurer of nightmares, capable of turning his patients’ most terrifying anxieties against them.

Cleaning up after identity theft can be a nightmare of phone calls and letters.

If Euston is not typically English, St. Pancras is. Its façade is a nightmare of improbable Gothic. It is fairly plastered with the aesthetic ideals of 1868, and the only beautiful thing about it is Barlow's roof. It is haunted by the stuffier kind of ghost. Yet there is something about the ordered whole of St. Pancras that would make demolition a terrible pity.

1941 August, C. Hamilton Ellis, “The English Station”, in Railway Magazine, page 358:

The Red Holocaust is best interpreted in this light as the bitter fruit of an^([sic]) utopian gambit that was socially misengineered into a dystopic nightmare by despots in humanitarian disguise.

2009, Steven Rosefielde, Red Holocaust, page 240:

(figuratively) Any bad, miserable, difficult or terrifying situation or experience that arouses anxiety, terror, agony or great displeasure.

It haunted me, however, more than once, like a night-mare.

1817 December 31 (indicated as 1818), [Walter Scott], chapter II, in Rob Roy. […], volume I, Edinburgh: […] James Ballantyne and Co. for Archibald Constable and Co. […]; London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, →OCLC, page 46:

I started, hourly, from dreams of unutterable fear, to find the hot breath of the thing upon my face, and its vast weight—an incarnate Night-Mare that I had no power to shake off—incumbent eternally upon my heart!

(now rare) A demon or monster, thought to plague people while they slept and cause a feeling of suffocation and terror during sleep.

The Night-mare generally ſeizes people ſleeping on their backs, and often begins with frightful dreams, which are ſoon ſucceeded by a difficult reſpiration, a violent oppreſſion on the breaſt, and a total privation of voluntary motion.

1753, John Bond, An Essay on the Incubus, or Night-mare, London: Printed for D. Wilson and T. Durham, at Plato’s Head, in the Strand, page 2:

Had been afflicted in the night with that strange complaint called the nightmare.

1792, James Boswell, in Danziger & Brady (eds.), Boswell: The Great Biographer (Journals 1789–1795), Yale 1989, p. 209

(now chiefly historical) A feeling of extreme anxiety or suffocation experienced during sleep; Sleep paralysis.


nightmare

en-verb

nightmare (third-person singular simple present nightmares, present participle nightmaring, simple past and past participle nightmared)

nightmares (present singular third-person)
nightmaring (participle present)
nightmared (participle past)
nightmared (past)

She was the last person I’d expected to see, although I had not expected to see anyone at all. For a moment I thought it was a nightmare, and that I was nightmaring the whole thing.

1983, Shirley Eskapa, chapter 16, in The Secret-Keeper, New York, N.Y.: St. Martin’s Press, →ISBN, page 99:

Stars have no need of intimidation, which makes them mightier than all the godheads nightmared by mere humanity.

2013, Caitlín R[ebekah] Kiernan, “Random Thoughts Before a Fatal Crash”, in The Ape’s Wife and Other Stories, Burton, Mich.: Subterranean Press, →ISBN, page 224:

I hurried through the arch, was dipped into shadow, and was glad to have my screaming eyes rinsed clean of this vision of a scrabbling, gibbering hell, worse than any nightmared by Bosch or Goya.

2016, Daniel Kraus, The Death and Life of Zebulon Finch; Volume Two: Empire Decayed, New York, N.Y.: Simon & Schuster BFYR, →ISBN, page 122:

(transitive) To imagine (someone or something) as in a nightmare.


sleep paralysis

en-noun

sleep paralysis (countable and uncountable, plural sleep paralyses)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-sleep paralysis.wav

شَلَل النَّوْم

inability to move or speak while falling asleep or upon awakening

The normal paralysis of the body that occurs during REM sleep.


away with the fairies

/əˈweɪ wɪð ðə ˈfɛəɹɪːz/

Based around the common belief in Celtic and British Isles folklore that fairies were prone to either kidnapping people or robbing them of their wits.


repose

en-verb

repose (third-person singular simple present reposes, present participle reposing, simple past and past participle reposed)

reposes (present singular third-person)
reposing (participle present)
reposed (participle past)
reposed (past)
repose (infinitive)

Berthe Morisot
Rhode Island School of Design Museum
Édouard Manet

The verb is derived from Middle English reposen (“to rest”), from Anglo-Norman reposer, reposir, and Middle French reposer, from Old French reposer, repauser (“to become calm; to be peaceful; to rest; to be immobile; to lie or be placed; to cease, stop; to neglect”) (modern French reposer), from Latin repausāre, the present active infinitive of repausō (“(Late Latin) to be at rest; to lie down, rest; to sleep; to calm, pacify; (Latin) to halt temporarily, pause”), from re- (prefix meaning ‘again; back, backwards’) + pausō (“to cease, halt; to pause”) (from pausa (“a halt, stop; a pause; an end”), from Ancient Greek παῦσῐς (paûsis, “ceasing, stopping”), from παύω (paúō, “to cease; to make to cease, stop; to bring to an end; to hinder”) (further etymology uncertain; possibly from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂w- (“few, little; smallness”)) + -σῐς (-sis, suffix forming abstract nouns or nouns of action, process, or result)).
The noun is derived from Late Middle English repose, from Anglo-Norman repous, repos, and Middle French repos, repose, from Old French repos (“calm; rest; period or state of sleep; state of immobility; state of inaction”) (modern French repos), from reposer, repauser (verb) (see above).
Noun sense 12.3 (“technique of including in a painting an area or areas which are dark, indistinct, or soft in tone”) is borrowed from French repos.
cognates
* Catalan reposar (verb), repòs (noun)
* Italian riposare (verb), riposo (noun)
* Old Occitan repausar, repauzar (verb), repaus (noun)
* Portuguese repousar (verb), repouso (noun)
* Spanish reposar (verb), reposo (noun)

ref

From the collection of the Rhode Island School of Design Museum, Providence, Rhode Island, U.S.A.

pitää tauko

to cause (oneself) to take a rest from some activity; to allow (oneself) to recover from some activity

arãpas

to lean or recline, sit down, or lie down to rest — see also rest

Simon reposed in the year 1287.

Lord Jesus, who at the hour of Compline reposedst in the tomb, and wast bewailed by thy most sorrowful Mother, and by other women; make us, we beseech thee, with true tears, to bewail thy most holy Passion, and never to give place to the things by which thou wouldst be crucified again.

[1850], James Merlo Horstius, “Litany of the Life and Passion of Our Lord Jesus Christ”, in [anonymous], transl., The Paradise of the Christian Soul, […], London: Burns & Lambert, […], →OCLC, part VI (On the Life and Passion of Our Lord Jesus Christ), page 460, column 2:

(also figurative) To lean or recline, sit down, or lie down to rest; to rest.

(figurative) Especially (chiefly Eastern Orthodoxy) of a saint: to die, to rest in peace.


lucid dreaming

Coined by psychiatrist Frederik Willem van Eeden in his 1913 paper A Study of Dreams. It is possible that he coined this as a calque of "rêve lucide", which appears in Les Rêves et les Moyens de les Diriger; Observations Pratiques (1867) by Marquis d'Hervey de Saint-Denys.

A form of dreaming in which the conscious mind takes control over the contents of the dream.


oneiric

en-adj

oneiric (comparative more oneiric, superlative most oneiric)

more oneiric (comparative)
most oneiric (superlative)

From oneir- + -ic, ultimately from Ancient Greek ὀνείρειος (oneíreios).

Rather, novelist Louise de Vilmorin, whose popular novel Madame de had been recently filmed by Max Ophuls, joined Malle in reworking Denon's novella and updating it into a combination of a modern comedy of manners and a daring, even oneiric love story that played with and defied many conventions of the romance genre.

2007, Richard John Neupert, A History of the French New Wave Cinema, →ISBN, page 109:

[…] The Memory Palace [is] Edward Hollis's idiosyncratic tour of a series of historical interiors that have all disappeared or been dismantled. […] Hollis might have done far more with literature's unique contribution to our sense of domestic space as both commemorative and creative. […] [A]mid all the palaces with their dreamlike interiors, there is puzzlingly no place for the many oneiric palaces of poetry.

2013 September 21, Thomas Marks, “The Memory Palace: a Book of Lost Interiors, by Edward Hollis, review [print edition: Compendium of things now missing]”, in The Daily Telegraph (Review), page R29:


snooze

en-verb

snooze (third-person singular simple present snoozes, present participle snoozing, simple past and past participle snoozed)

snoozes (present singular third-person)
snoozing (participle present)
snoozed (participle past)
snoozed (past)

Unknown. Compare Dutch snoezelen (“to snooze”) or Swedish snusa (“to snore lightly”). If there is some ancient origin, perhaps compare entry for Ancient Greek νυστάζω (nustázō, “to doze, drowse”).

cog

The boss caught him snoozing at his desk.

(intransitive) To sleep, especially briefly; to nap, doze.


insomnia

en-noun

insomnia (countable and uncountable, plural insomnias)

From Latin in- (“without”) + somnus (“sleep”, noun) + -ia.

confix

My mother suffers from insomnia.

(medicine) A sleeping disorder that is known for its symptoms of unrest and the inability to sleep.


doze

From Middle English *dosen, from Old Norse dúsa (“to doze, rest, remain quiet”), from Proto-Germanic *dusāną (“to be dizzy”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰews- (“to fly, whirl”), from *dʰew- (“to fly, shake, reek, steam, smolder”).
Cognate with Old Frisian dusia (“to be dizzy”), German Low German dösen (“to doze”), German dösen (“to doze”), Danish døse (“to doze”), dialectal Swedish dusa (“to doze, slumber”), Icelandic dúsa (“to doze”), Old English dysiġ (“foolish, stupid”), Scots dosnit (“stunned, stupefied”), Icelandic dúra (“to nap, slumber”), also compare Dutch doezelen (“to doze”). More at dizzy.

der

I felt much better after a short doze.

Others who conscientiously attended the Technical College at night often drooped over their desks in a doze, and one does not wonder at it.

1944 September and October, A Former Pupil, “Some Memories of Crewe Works—I”, in Railway Magazine, page 285:


catnap

en-verb

catnap (third-person singular simple present catnaps, present participle catnapping, simple past and past participle catnapped)

catnaps (present singular third-person)
catnapping (participle present)
catnapped (participle past)
catnapped (past)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-catnap.wav

A toddler who is still having two day sleeps will generally have one good sleep and one catnap, and a toddler who is around three years of age and getting close to dropping her day sleep will catnap.

2010, Tizzie Hall, Save Our Sleep: Toddler, page 117:

(intransitive) To take a catnap (short sleep or nap).


oneiromancy

en-noun

oneiromancy (countable and uncountable, plural oneiromancies)

/əʊˈnaɪɹəʊ-/

From oneiro- (“dream”) + -mancy (“divination”); compare French onéiromancie, oniromancie.

confix

The general tenor of ideas in dreaming is the same as that with which the mind is occupied awake; and thus may be revealed, in dreams, the state of the mind, the secret hopes and wishes, the profoundly hidden thought, and often the circumstances of the dreamer. The knowledge of this fact, and its dextrous application, by an acute observer, with the credulous, compose the art of oneiromancy.

1832, Samuel Jackson, “Of Sleep and Dreams”, in The Principles of Medicine, Founded on the Structure and Functions of the Animal Organism, Philadelphia, Pa.: Carey & Lea, →OCLC, § 2 (Of Dreams), page 306:

(uncountable, in a weak sense) The interpretation of dreams.


hypnosis

en-noun

hypnosis (countable and uncountable, plural hypnoses)

Derived from hypn(otic) + -osis (“state”, “condition”, nominal derivational suffix).

suffix

A trancelike state, artificially induced, in which a person has a heightened suggestibility, and in which suppressed memories may be experienced.


rouse

From Middle English rousen, from Anglo-Norman reuser, ruser, originally used in English of hawks shaking the feathers of the body, from Latin recusare, by loss of the medial 'c.' Doublet of recuse.
Figurative meaning "to stir up, provoke to activity" is from 1580s; that of "awaken" is first recorded 1590s.

(military, British and Canada) The sounding of a bugle in the morning after reveille, to signal that soldiers are to rise from bed, often the rouse.


rouse

en-verb

rouse (third-person singular simple present rouses, present participle rousing, simple past and past participle roused)

rouses (present singular third-person)
rousing (participle present)
roused (participle past)
roused (past)

Good things of day begin to droop and drowse;
Night’s black agents to their preys do rouse.

c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii]:

As for the heat, with which he treated his other adversaries, ’twas sometimes strain’d a little too far, but in the general was extremely well fitted by the Providence of God to rowse up a people, the most phlegmatic of any in Christendome.

1687, Francis Atterbury, An Answer to Some Considerations on the Spirit of Martin Luther, Oxford, pages 41–42:

At Musick, Melancholy lifts her Head;
Dull Morpheus rowzes from his Bed;

1713, Alexander Pope, Ode for Musick, London: Bernard Lintott, stanza 2, p. 3:

John Hedley was Locomotive Foreman at Beattock. He was in bed, but they roused him, and he gave orders for one of his pilot engines to go up to the summit, get Mitchell's train, and take it to Carlisle.

1950 January, David L. Smith, “A Runaway at Beattock”, in Railway Magazine, page 53:

1979, Bernard Malamud, Dubin’s Lives, New York: Farrar Straus Giroux, Chapter Eight, p. 284,
Dubin slept through the ringing alarm, aware of Kitty trying to rouse him and then letting him sleep.

To wake (someone) or be awoken from sleep, or from apathy.

He roused on her for being late yet again.

(slang, when followed by "on") To tell off; to criticise.


rouse

First attested in the late 16th Century. From carouse, from rebracketing of the phrase “drink carouse” as “drink a rouse”.

Fill the cup, and fill the can:
Have a rouse before the morn:
Every minute dies a man,
Every minute one is born.

1842, Alfred, Lord Tennyson, “The Vision of Sin”, in Poems, volume 2, London: Edward Moxon, page 219:

A carousal; a festival; a drinking frolic.


count sheep

count sheep (third-person singular simple present counts sheep, present participle counting sheep, simple past and past participle counted sheep)

counts sheep (present singular third-person)
counting sheep (participle present)
counted sheep (participle past)
counted sheep (past)

(idiomatic) To attempt to go to sleep by thinking of something boring, traditionally by counting imaginary sheep.

數羊

to attempt to go to sleep by thinking of something boring


roust

roust (third-person singular simple present rousts, present participle rousting, simple past and past participle rousted)

rousts (present singular third-person)
rousting (participle present)
rousted (participle past)
rousted (past)

1650s, variant of rouse, possibly influenced by rout.

"Why didn't you roust me out?" / "Well, I tried to, but I couldn't; I couldn't budge you." / "Well, all right. Don't stand there palavering all day, but out with you and see if there's a fish on the lines for breakfast. I'll be along in a minute."

1884, Mark Twain, chapter VII, in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn:

1977-1980, Lou Sullivan, personal diary, quoted in 2019, Ellis Martin, Zach Ozma (editors), We Both Laughed In Pleasure
Yesterday morn at 6:30 they rousted me up & gave me 2 shots in the behind.

(transitive) to rout out of bed; to rouse


power nap

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A short sleep taken in the daytime in order to refresh a person and generally terminated before deep sleep begins so as not to leave the sleeper drowsy.


catch some zs

catch some zs (third-person singular simple present catches some zs, present participle catching some zs, simple past and past participle caught some zs)

catches some zs (present singular third-person)
catching some zs (participle present)
caught some zs (participle past)
caught some zs (past)


zzz

zzz (third-person singular simple present zzzs, present participle zzzing, simple past and past participle zzzed)

zzzs (present singular third-person)
zzzing (participle present)
zzzed (participle past)
zzzed (past)

He lay back on his pillow, made a faint zzzing sound that ceased, and presently and quite quietly he died — greatly comforted by my assurance.

1909, H. G. Wells, Tono-Bungay, page 461:

He zzzed for a long time, bobbing back and forth, and then he let us go, pointing to two empty seats across the aisle and motioning for us to sit down.

1996, Charlotte Abrams, The Silents, page 42:


sleep together

sleep together (third-person singular simple present sleeps together, present participle sleeping together, simple past and past participle slept together)

sleeps together (present singular third-person)
sleeping together (participle present)
slept together (participle past)
slept together (past)

(idiomatic, reciprocal, euphemistic) To be intimate with each other in the same bed.


bedtime

en-noun

bedtime (countable and uncountable, plural bedtimes)

From Middle English bedtyme, bed-tyme, bedetyme, bedde tyme, equivalent to bed + time.

I read every evening, sometimes late into the night, with the help of kerosene lamps, often secretly, past my bedtime.

2004, Vartan Gregorian, The Road to Home: My Life and Times, page 55:

Irregular bedtimes may disrupt healthy brain development in young children, according to a study of intelligence and sleeping habits.
Going to bed at a different time each night affected girls more than boys, but both fared worse on mental tasks than children who had a set bedtime, researchers found.

2013 July 19, Ian Sample, “Irregular bedtimes may affect children's brains”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 6, page 34:

The time or hour at which one retires to bed in order to sleep.


circadian rhythm

circadian rhythm (plural circadian rhythms)

(biology, sleep medicine) The internal body clock that regulates the roughly 24-hour cycle of biological processes in animals and plants.


sleeper

(martial arts, wrestling) A sleeper hold.

A box-office bomb when it first came out, the film was a sleeper, becoming much more popular decades after being released.

For example, the [racehorse] trainer may have tipped a betting syndicate that he is about to unleash a sleeper […]

1968, Marvin B. Scott, The Racing Game, page 160:

Something that achieves unexpected success after an interval of time.

(automotive, slang) An automobile which has been internally modified to excess, while retaining a mostly stock appearance in order to fool opponents in a drag race, or to avoid the attention of the police.


insomniac

Suffering from or pertaining to insomnia.

insomne

suffering from or pertaining to insomnia


awaken

en-verb

awaken (third-person singular simple present awakens, present participle awakening, simple past and past participle awakened)

awakens (present singular third-person)
awakening (participle present)
awakened (participle past)
awakened (past)

From Middle English awakenen or awaknen, from Old English awæcnan or awæcnian, from a- plus wæcnan or wæcnian.

արթնացնել

transitive: to cause to become conscious

She awakened him by ringing the bell.


noctambulist

He watched her with the eyes of a noctambulist.

2019, Chigozie Obioma, An Orchestra of Minorities, Abacus (2019), page 238:

(rare) One who sleepwalks at night; a somnambulist.


wet dream

wet dream (third-person singular simple present wet dreams, present participle wet dreaming, simple past and past participle wet dreamed or wet dreamt)

wet dreams (present singular third-person)
wet dreaming (participle present)
wet dreamed (participle past)
wet dreamed (past)
wet dreamt (participle past)
wet dreamt (past)

He is a boy sleeping against the mosque wall, ejaculates wet dreaming into a thousand cunts pink and smooth as sea shells, […]

1962 [1959], William S. Burroughs, Naked Lunch, New York: Grove Press, page 99:

[…] he’d been wet dreaming for several months about such an opportunity as was obviously creeping up on both of them,

1978, Larry Kramer, Faggots, New York: Warner Books, published 1979, page 85:

That was the only sex she had ever wet-dreamed about.

1997, Nik Cohn, Need, New York: Knopf, page 137:

2005, Tyehimba Jess, Leadbelly, Amherst, MA: Verse Press, p. 33,
you is more a man than they ever wet dreamed to be

(intransitive) To produce fluids from the sex organs as a result of sexual arousal during sleep; to have an erotic dream; (figurative) to fantasize (about something, especially in a sexual way).


hypnagogic

en-adj

hypnagogic (comparative more hypnagogic, superlative most hypnagogic)

more hypnagogic (comparative)
most hypnagogic (superlative)

/hɪpnəˈɡɒdʒɪk/

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-hypnagogic.wav

From French hypnagogique, from Ancient Greek ὕπνος (húpnos, “sleep”) + ἀγωγός (agōgós, “leading”).

But if we are in the right mood, a second of such lethargy is enough to make a hypnagogic [translating hypnagogische] hallucination appear, after which perhaps we reawaken, until the oft-repeated performance is brought to an end by sleep.

1999, Joyce Crick, translating Sigmund Freud, The Interpretation of Dreams, I.c:

Very quickly it would come to seem to Lionel Hoffmann that the remainder of his life, all that was not Siri, was of little more substance than those hypnagogic images that flash against our eyelids when, in a state of exhaustion, we begin to sink into sleep.

2001, Joyce Carol Oates, Middle Age: A Romance (paperback edition), Fourth Estate, page 253:

That accompanies falling asleep; especially, pertaining to the semi-conscious period immediately preceding sleep.


night night

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-night night.wav

(colloquial, usually childish) Goodnight.


sleep apnea

en-noun

sleep apnea (countable and uncountable, plural sleep apneas)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-sleep apnea.wav

(pathology, American spelling) Brief interruptions of breathing during sleep.

apnea del son

brief interruptions of breathing during sleep


dormant

From Middle English, from Old French, from Latin dormiēns, present participle of dormiō (“I sleep”).

Grass goes dormant during the winter, waiting for spring before it grows again.

The bank account was dormant; there had been no transactions in months.

This volcano is dormant but not extinct.

It is by lying dormant a long time, or being at first very rarely exercised, that arbitrary power steals upon a people.

1777, Edmund Burke, A Letter to the Sheriffs of Bristol, on the Affairs of America; republished in The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke, volume 2, 1864, page 10:

The repression at Tiananmen Square dealt a serious but not fatal blow to the pro-democracy movement. It has been forced to lie dormant until a future moment of opportunity. As the revolutions in Eastern Europe proved, however, that moment will eventually come.

1992, Richard Nixon, “The Pacific Triangle”, in Seize the Moment, Simon & Schuster, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 179:

Thresher maws are subterranean carnivores that spend their entire lives eating or searching for something to eat. Threshers reproduce via spores that lie dormant for millennia, yet are robust enough to survive prolonged periods in deep space and atmospheric re-entry. As a result, thresher spores appear on many worlds, spread by previous generations of space travelers.

2008, BioWare, Mass Effect, Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, →OCLC, PC, scene: Thresher Maws Codex entry:

a lion dormant

(heraldry) In a sleeping posture; distinguished from couchant.


sleepless

en-adj

sleepless (comparative more sleepless, superlative most sleepless)

more sleepless (comparative)
most sleepless (superlative)

From Middle English slepeles, from Old English slǣplēas; equivalent to sleep + -less.

I spent a sleepless night worrying about the exams.

Characterized by an absence of sleep: wakeful.


totem

Any natural object or living creature that serves as an emblem of a tribe, clan or family; the representation of such an object or creature.

totem

The totem members were forbidden to eat the flesh of the totem animal, or were allowed to do so only under specific conditions.

1921, Wilhelm Max Wundt, Edward Leroy Schaub, Elements of folk psychology: outlines of a psychological history:

These meanings flow from bear-like characteristics imprinted on totem members. Members of the bear clan may have dispositional, cognitive, and physical capabilities similar to those of bear.

2014, Michael Pomedli, Living with Animals: Ojibwe Spirit Powers, page 165:

The clan whose kinship is defined in reference to such an object or creature.

The best way to determine if you are dreaming or not is to have a totem in your lucid dreams that does not exist in reality. Inducing yourself is as easy as waking up during the night and practicing as you fall back asleep. Say, "I will be aware I am dreaming while I am dreaming by seeing my totem."

2010, ren, “Inception and Lucid Dreaming”, in alt.religion.wicca (Usenet):

An arbitrarily chosen object serving as a reminder to check whether one is awake or not, to aid in having lucid dreams.


put to sleep

en-verb

put to sleep (third-person singular simple present puts to sleep, present participle putting to sleep, simple past and past participle put to sleep)

puts to sleep (present singular third-person)
putting to sleep (participle present)
put to sleep (participle past)
put to sleep (past)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-put to sleep.wav

When even the silence and seclusion of this retreat failed to bring slumber, he sometimes called in a professional mesmerizer to put him into a hypnotic sleep, from which Sawyer knew how to arouse him at a fixed time. This habit, as well as the existence of the underground chamber, were secrets known only to Sawyer and the hypnotist who rendered his services. On the night of May 30, 1887, West sent for the latter, and was put to sleep as usual.

1897, Edward Bellamy, Equality (Bellamy), Preface:

(transitive) To cause (someone) to sleep.

1916, Stratemeyer Syndicate, Bunny Brown and His Sister Sue on Grandpa's Farm, Chapter XXV: Grandpa's Horses,
Grandpa Brown rode off with Mr. and Mrs. Kendall; and Bunny and Sue were given a good dinner and put to sleep that afternoon, for they were tired, sleepy and hungry.

(transitive) To help (someone) to bed; put to bed.

Our jealousy is only put to sleep by the unlimited confidence we all repose in the person to whom we all look as our president.

1787, Thomas Jefferson, Letter to Edward Carrington:

This is in accord with facts, for I can by cold put to sleep special parts of the nervous mass without putting other parts to sleep.

1872 August, Benjamin Ward Richardson, “The Physiology of Sleep”, in Popular Science Monthly, volume 1:

1935, Edgar Allison Peers (translator), John of the Cross, Ascent of Mount Carmel, Book 1, Chapter I,
For there is no going forth from the pains and afflictions of the secret places of the desires until these be mortified and put to sleep.

(transitive, figuratively) To render dormant.

In one instance where a large number of dogs were put to sleep in the lethal chamber, one was found in deepest sleep, but still breathing, side by side and partly covered by another that was not only dead but cold and rigid.

1885 August, Benjamin Ward Richardson, “Measures of Vital Tenacity”, in Popular Science Monthly, volume 27:

If he were a horse, not a chancellor, Scholz would be humanely put to sleep.

2024 May 4, Simon Tisdall, “Giorgia Meloni and Ursula von der Leyen, the double act that is steering the EU ever rightwards”, in The Observer, →ISSN:

(transitive, euphemistic) To kill an animal painlessly, often with an injection; to euthanize.

(informal) To give a general anesthetic prior to surgery.

uspat

to give a general anesthetic prior to surgery


slugabed

/ˈslʌɡəˌbɛd/

From slug (“(obsolete) to move slowly or sluggishly; to lie idle”) + abed (“in bed”).

compound

Why Lambe, why Lady, fie you ſluggabed, / Why Loue I ſay, Madam, ſweeteheart, why Bride: / What not a word, you take your penniworths now, / Sleepe for a weeke, […]

c. 1591–1595 (date written), [William Shakespeare], […] Romeo and Iuliet. […] (Second Quarto), London: […] Thomas Creede, for Cuthbert Burby, […], published 1599, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene v]:

Get up, get up for shame, the blooming morne / Upon her wings presents the god unshorne. / See how Aurora throwes her faire / Fresh-quilted colours through the aire; / Get up, sweet slug-a-bed, and see / The dew bespangling herbe and tree.

1648, Robert Herrick, “Corinna’s Going a Maying”, in Hesperides, or The VVorks both Humane & Divine, London: Printed for John Williams, and Francis Eglesfield, […], →OCLC; republished in The Poetical Works of Robert Herrick, London: William Pickering, […], 1825, →OCLC, pages 91–92:

[O]n rising one morning, I entered the cabin, and found Oriana, as usual, up before me, for I always was a sad slug-a-bed, […]

1855, William Hurton, chapter XXIII, in The Doomed Ship; or, The Wreck of the Arctic Regions, London: Willoughby & Co., […], →OCLC, page 103:

You men have had baths, while Aunt Hilda and I haven't had a chance to get clean for fear of waking you slugabeds.

1980 August, Robert A[nson] Heinlein, “‘—A Wedding Ring is Not a Ring in My Nose—’”, in The Number of the Beast, New York, N.Y.: Fawcett Columbine, →ISBN; republished as The Number of the Beast (Fawcett Gold Medal Book), New York, N.Y.: Ballantine Books, July 1982, →ISBN, page 41:

Sometimes the dedicated slugabed is rudely awakened by the yelling of builders, the bustle of housemates, the entreaties of toddlers or even dawn's rosy figures coming in at the window. These impediments to sleep must be blocked out if you are to enjoy your morning doze.

2004, Tom Hodgkinson, “8 a.m.: Waking Up is Hard to Do”, in How to Be Idle, London: Hamish Hamilton, →ISBN; How to Be Idle: A Loafer’s Manifesto, paperback edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper Perennial, 2007, →ISBN, page 12:

A lazy person who lies in bed after the usual time for getting up; a sluggard.


arouse

en-verb

arouse (third-person singular simple present arouses, present participle arousing, simple past and past participle aroused)

arouses (present singular third-person)
arousing (participle present)
aroused (participle past)
aroused (past)

to arouse compassion, jealousy, or anger

“My tastes,” he said, still smiling, “incline me to the garishly sunlit side of this planet.” And, to tease her and arouse her to combat: “I prefer a farandole to a nocturne ; I'd rather have a painting than an etching ; Mr. Whistler bores me with his monochromatic mud; I don't like dull colours, dull sounds, dull intellects;[…].”

1907 August, Robert W[illiam] Chambers, chapter VIII, in The Younger Set, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, →OCLC:

She removed Stranleigh’s coat with a dexterity that aroused his imagination.

1913, Robert Barr, chapter 5, in Lord Stranleigh Abroad:

His unruly hair was slicked down with water, and as Jessamy introduced him to Miss Brindle his face assumed a cherubic innocence which would immediately have aroused the suspicions of anyone who knew him.

1967, Barbara Sleigh, Jessamy, Sevenoaks, Kent: Bloomsbury, published 1993, →ISBN, page 96:

(transitive) To stimulate or induce (feelings).

I can't wear wool underwear: it tends to arouse me at inappropriate times.

(transitive, euphemistic) To cause an erection of the penis or other physical signs of sexual arousal, such as fluid secretion.

He kenned not whether it was devil or mortal, but flung himself on the roadside and lay like a corp for an hour or more, till the rain aroused him.

1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide:

1996, Beruga (line translated by Dan Owsen), Terranigma. Nintendo of America.
I have no idea who you are, but I thank you for arousing me.

(transitive) To wake from sleep or stupor; to rouse.


sleep in

sleep in (third-person singular simple present sleeps in, present participle sleeping in, simple past and past participle slept in)

sleeps in (present singular third-person)
sleeping in (participle present)
slept in (participle past)
slept in (past)

Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see sleep, in.


narco

The conflict has become a test of endurance for both the government and the narcos.

2010 October 16, “Under the volcano”, in The Economist:

(crime) A Latin American drug baron, usually from Colombia or Mexico.


narco

I too am a narco. Have been for about 10 years.

1998 January 6, “Not many postings?”, in alt.support.narcolepsy (Usenet):

Besides, staying awake on your first day at a new job is definitely NOT a problem (unless you're a narco or something...).

1999 February 1, Sean Flynn, “Life's dilemmas - sometimes, they ARE a bitch..”, in rec.music.hip-hop (Usenet):

Apneics, Others, and Narcos all gossip merrily on the walk back to our cabins.

2007, Karen Russell, St. Lucy's Home for Girls Raised by Wolves, →ISBN, page 62:

(pathology) Someone suffering from narcolepsy


lights-out

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-lights-out.wav

The time at night at which artificial lights are to be turned off, a curfew or bedtime.

večerka

the time at night at which artificial lights are to be turned off, a curfew or bedtime


sleep like a baby

sleep like a baby (third-person singular simple present sleeps like a baby, present participle sleeping like a baby, simple past and past participle slept like a baby)

sleeps like a baby (present singular third-person)
sleeping like a baby (participle present)
slept like a baby (participle past)
slept like a baby (past)

(simile) To sleep very well, especially peacefully.


wet the bed

wet the bed (third-person singular simple present wets the bed, present participle wetting the bed, simple past and past participle wet the bed or wetted the bed)

wets the bed (present singular third-person)
wetting the bed (participle present)
wet the bed (participle past)
wet the bed (past)
wetted the bed (participle past)
wetted the bed (past)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-wet the bed.wav

to wet oneself

nearly synonymous, whereas the distinction is wetting one's clothing while awake versus wetting the bedclothes, usually while asleep

(euphemistic) To go bad, to fail. Often said of machines; a euphemism for shit the bed.


go to sleep

go to sleep (third-person singular simple present goes to sleep, present participle going to sleep, simple past went to sleep, past participle gone to sleep)

goes to sleep (present singular third-person)
going to sleep (participle present)
went to sleep (past)
gone to sleep (participle past)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-go to sleep.wav

Go to sleep at the same hour every night.


go to bed

go to bed (third-person singular simple present goes to bed, present participle going to bed, simple past went to bed, past participle gone to bed)

goes to bed (present singular third-person)
going to bed (participle present)
went to bed (past)
gone to bed (participle past)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-go to bed.wav

Already attested in Old English as tō bedde gān.

It's ten minutes past your bed-time; go to bed!

It's been a long day—I think I'll just go to bed now.

Irregular bedtimes may disrupt healthy brain development in young children, according to a study of intelligence and sleeping habits. ¶ Going to bed at a different time each night affected girls more than boys, but both fared worse on mental tasks than children who had a set bedtime, researchers found.

2013 July 19, Ian Sample, “Irregular bedtimes may affect children's brains”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 6, page 34:

To lie down to sleep, put oneself in one's bed.


dysania

(uncommon) A state of finding it hard to get out of bed in the morning.


flat out

flat out (like a lizard in the sun) - doing absolutely nothing


dreamscape

He walked between his parents as though through a dreamscape towards the grand building.


mara

Borrowed from Old Norse mara, from Proto-Germanic *marǭ, cognate with Old English mare or mære. Doublet of mare. See nightmare.

The corpus of related texts tells us that within rural society it was not improbable for your neighbour's envy of your fine cattle to take the form of a mara.

1996, Catharina Raudvere, “Now you see her, now you don't: some notes on the conception of female shape-shifters in Scandinavian traditions”, in Sandra Billington, Miranda Green, editors, The Concept of the Goddess, pages 41–55:

(European folklore) A nightmare; a spectre or wraith-like creature in Germanic and particularly Scandinavian folklore; a female demon who torments people in sleep by crouching on their chests or stomachs, or by causing terrifying visions.

խիպիլիկ

(folklore) a nightmare; spectre or wraith-like creature


sound asleep

When Frere had come down, an hour before, the prisoners were all snugly between their blankets. They were not so now; though, at the first clink of the bolts, they would be back again in their old positions, to all appearances sound asleep.

1874, Marcus Clarke, chapter V, in For the Term of His Natural Life:

(idiomatic) Sleeping still and silently.


wait up

wait up (third-person singular simple present waits up, present participle waiting up, simple past and past participle waited up)

waits up (present singular third-person)
waiting up (participle present)
waited up (participle past)
waited up (past)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-wait up.wav

Anyway, Dad waited up for them. It must have been about midnight when they came in.

1980, Joe Garner, Never Fly Over an Eagle's Nest, page 66:

It is one a.m. on a Sunday morning and I'm waiting up for my teenage son, who was supposed to be home at midnight.

2005, Kathryn E. Livingston, All About Motherhood, page 55:

One night, Lana came home, while her dad waited up for her.

Dad waited up at first, but by the end of sophomore year he was always in bed.

2011, Catherine Greenman, Hooked, page 203:

My dad waited up for us, pacing all over the place.

2011, Susan Calder, Deadly Fall, page 99:

To stay awake waiting for somebody to return.


nightclothes

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The disturbance brought out many of the neighbors in their nightclothes.

Clothing worn while sleeping in bed, such as pyjamas or a nightgown, and, when worn over nightclothes, a robe.


bye-bye

→ Chinese: 拜拜 (bàibai)

→ Japanese: バイバイ (baibai)

→ Turkish: baybay

Brush your teeth, it's time to go bye-bye.

"[H]e came to the gate of the city; and finding it shut lay him down and went to by-by!"

1885, Richard F. Burton, chapter XXII, in The Book of the Thousand Nights and a Night, volume I, The Burton Club, page 224:

(colloquial, childish) Bedtime for a toddler, going to sleep, going to bed.


conk out

conk out (third-person singular simple present conks out, present participle conking out, simple past and past participle conked out)

conks out (present singular third-person)
conking out (participle present)
conked out (participle past)
conked out (past)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-conk out.wav

Possibly an onomatopoeic imitation of the sound of a stalling internal combustion engine. Possibly coined by British motorcyclists circa 1910.

He wasn't there, just the dog, conked out on the porch.

(intransitive, informal) To fall fast asleep; to sleep soundly.


narcoleptic

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From narco- (“pertaining to sleep”) + -leptic (“of or relating to a condition of seizing”).

con

One who suffers from narcolepsy ("a disorder characterized by sudden and uncontrollable attacks of deep sleep").


dormition

en-noun

dormition (countable and uncountable, plural dormitions)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-dormition.wav

Borrowed from Middle French dormition, from Latin dormītiōnem.


oneironaut

/əʊˈnaɪɹənɔːt/

/əˈnaɪɹənɔːt/

During a lucid dream it is possible for the dreamer (or “oneironaut,” as LaBerge puts it) to think reasonably clearly, remember the conditions of waking life and act voluntarily, all while remaining soundly, restfully asleep.

2004 July 18, Lawrence Osborne, “Inward Bound”, in New York Times, retrieved 2015-06-07:

Without special training, he was a natural “oneironaut” or “dream navigator.” From early childhood, he could control his dreams. He used to “wake up” within a dream. Fully lucid, he was aware he was dreaming.

2007, Mel Waldman, “Casablanca”, in This Is Not A Murder Mystery, →ISBN, page 47:

A person who explores dream worlds, usually associated with lucid dreaming.


sopor

Learned borrowing from Latin sopor (“sleep”).


in bed

She wasn't kind or smart, attractive or even funny. Her only redeeming feature was that she was fantastic in bed.

(idiomatic) Regarding sexual activities.

You've been in bed with the opposite party all year and that's why you keep saying we need to compromise.

(by extension) Cooperating with, as if for an illicit reward; in league with.


drop off

en-verb

drop off (third-person singular simple present drops off, present participle dropping off, simple past and past participle dropped off)

drops off (present singular third-person)
dropping off (participle present)
dropped off (participle past)
dropped off (past)

After two glasses of whiskey, Tom soon dropped off in front of the television.

And when the Boy dropped off to sleep, the Rabbit would snuggle down close under his little warm chin and dream, with the Boy's hands clasped close round him all night long.

1921 June, Margery Williams, “The Velveteen Rabbit: Or How Toys Become Real”, in Harper’s Bazar, volume LVI, number 6 (2504 overall), New York, N.Y.: International Magazine Company, →ISSN, →OCLC:

(idiomatic, intransitive) To fall asleep.


nod off

nod off (third-person singular simple present nods off, present participle nodding off, simple past and past participle nodded off)

nods off (present singular third-person)
nodding off (participle present)
nodded off (participle past)
nodded off (past)

The old lady nodded off to sleep many times during the narration, only waking up when George paused, saying it was most interesting.

1857–1859, W[illiam] M[akepeace] Thackeray, chapter 53, in The Virginians. A Tale of the Last Century, volume (please specify |volume=I or II), London: Bradbury & Evans, […], published 1858–1859, →OCLC:

I dragged him to the house, / And gave him tea and tried to make him smoke. / I tried to make him talk about his travels. / Nothing would do: he just kept nodding off.

c. 1905–1906 (date written), Robert Frost, “The Death of the Hired Man”, in The Poems of Robert Frost: […], New York, N.Y.: The Modern Library, published 1946, →OCLC, page 38:

All patients struggle against daytime drowsiness and nod off at inopportune moments.

2008 February 15, Ingfei Chen, “A Leap Forward, but Hurdles Remain in Narcolepsy”, in New York Times, retrieved 2008-07-16:

(idiomatic, intransitive) To fall asleep, especially unintentionally.


eyeful

We pulled our heavy overcoats tightly around us, shivering, and put our heads down as the din of fighting stopped for a while to grab an eyeful of sleep.

2021, Will Fey, Armor Battles of the Waffen-SS: 1943–45, page 272:

(informal) A brief period of sleep; forty winks.


call it a night

call it a night (third-person singular simple present calls it a night, present participle calling it a night, simple past and past participle called it a night)

calls it a night (present singular third-person)
calling it a night (participle present)
called it a night (participle past)
called it a night (past)


pj's

But a spate of articles and social media posts on the glories of staying home in one’s pj’s suggests that I am not the only one who went overboard once the “introvert” label came to imply a deep thinker with a rich inner life rather than a lone gunman.

2016 September 25, Kj Dell’Antonia, “Am I Introverted, or Just Rude?”, in New York Times:


sandman

E.T.A. Hoffmann
The Sandman (short story)
sandman

From sand + -man. The mythological sense may be from German Sandmann, Sandmännchen, as it is apparently first attested in English in the context of E.T.A. Hoffmann’s novella The Sandman (1816). The German is attested in the relevant sense since at least the mid-18th century.

Used as a symbol of the passage of time toward death.


dead to the world

However, he slept right through the night, and was still dead to the world when I slipped out.

1919, Stewart Edward White, chapter 8, in The Killer:


sleepwalking

en-noun

sleepwalking (countable and uncountable, plural sleepwalkings)

The play presents a whole gamut of such causes, from irrational passions, omens, prophecies, haunted sleepwalkings, nightmares, prodigies of nature, and conjurings, to Laius's ghost in four incarnations […]

2005, Marshall Brown, The Gothic Text, page 56:

The act of walking while not conscious or aware of it, during one's sleep.

լուսնոտություն

act of walking while not conscious or aware of it, during sleep

睡眠時遊行症

すいみんじゆうこうしょう


sleep schedule

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-sleep schedule.wav

A pattern of sleeping and waking; especially a regular pattern of sleeping and waking designed to promote health.


head

early to bed, early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise

A person who goes to bed early and wakes up early will lead a more successful life.

使人健康、富裕和聪颖

zǎoshuìzǎoqǐ, shǐrén jiànkāng, fùyù hé cōngyǐng

early up and early to bed, that is healthy for a little boy

tidligt op og tidligt i seng, det er sundt for en lille dreng

Illan torkku, aamun virkku, se tapa talon pystyssä pitää

coucher de poule et lever de corbeau écartent l’homme du tombeau

tidur awal bangun awal, diri cergas dan cerdas

early sleep and early wake up, gives health and makes you grow

deitar cedo e cedo erguer dá saúde e faz crescer


sleep deprivation

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-sleep deprivation.wav

Sleep deprivation can lead to fatal vehicular accidents.

Growing evidence has accumulated over the last two decades and revealed that a number of sleep traits in humans are heritable, such as timing of sleep, total daily sleep requirement, response to sleep deprivation, and various EEG measurements/patterns.

2017 June 1, Guangsen Shi, David Wu, Louis J. Ptáček, Ying-Hui Fu, “Human genetics and sleep behavior”, in Current Opinion in Neurobiology, volume 44, number 3, →DOI, pages 43–49:

The condition of being kept awake and not getting enough sleep (as forcibly by someone else, or by a disorder), to the point of noticeably lower alertness.


out like a light

Once she received anesthesia, she was out like a light.

(simile, colloquial) Asleep or unconscious, particularly if this has occurred suddenly and the sleep is deep.


slumbering

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-slumbering.wav

In a dream, in a vision of the night, when deep sleep falleth upon men, in slumberings upon the bed[…]

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Job 33:15:


sleeping pill

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-sleeping pill.wav

You are my favorite sleeping pill
The secret bending of my waking will.
You bring me peace, you bring me rest.
Your gentle presence leaves me blest.

1979 April 28, “Mousie Mousie Wildflower”, in Gay Community News, page 22:

It was a little past ten that night when his nurse, Sylvia of the Bedpans, came tiptoeing in with sleeping pills on a little tray and told him that his friend, Detective Leary, had just been delivered to the emergency room in a meat wagon.

2012, Thomas Gifford, Kiss Me Once, →ISBN:

(pharmacology) A pill or tablet having a soporific effect.


jammies

en-noun

jammies pl (plural only, attributive jammy)

GUY: I've always worn jammies. Don't think I'd feel right without 'em.
 SAM [Tosses pajamas to Guy L.]: Then you wear them.

1961, Patricia McLaine, Love Is Contagious, Dramatists Play Service, Inc., →ISBN, page 48:

I was just in my pajamas and slippers, and I blushed because she was looking at me. Then she whispered, "Take off your jammies, and love me up good, Arlene. Please, I want you to."

2009, Arlene Gorey, My Spanking Diary, page 28:

Took her a sec to come to the door; but she did, eventually. In jammies. Like she'd stayed in, couldn't sleep, and got hungry.

2022, Sean Thor Conroe, Fuccboi, Hachette, →ISBN:


snoring

snoring (countable and uncountable, plural snorings)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-snoring.wav

His snoring was so loud that it woke the neighbors.

E. E. Cummings
Then he asked if anyone wanted to dispute this assertion (he brandishing his revolver the while) and was answered by peaceful snorings.

The action or sound of breathing during sleep with harsh, snorting noises caused by vibration of the soft palate.


sleeplessness

sleeplessness (usually uncountable, plural sleeplessnesses)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-sleeplessness.wav

Lack of sleep; the property of being sleepless; the inability to sleep, insomnia.


sleepily

en-adv

sleepily (comparative more sleepily, superlative most sleepily)

more sleepily (comparative)
most sleepily (superlative)

Igins was studying the habits of a capuchin caterpillar, that, like his betters, was sleepily eating his way through existence on the leaf of a cabbage in the garden […]

1839, Launcelot Lamprey, “Mems in the Mediterranean”, in The Metropolitan Magazine, volume 24:

Lettie's eyes were scarcely open, but she answered sleepily, "Well, papa."

1857 January 20, “To-morrow”, in The Mother's Magazine:


snorer

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-snorer.wav

One snorer can keep a whole room of sleepy people awake.

But there, Erskine was not a snorer. And yet to look at him, or hear him sing his song, you would have taken him for a snorer, a great snorer.

1953, Samuel Beckett, Watt, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Grove Press, published 1959, →OCLC:


lucid dream

More frequently, however, it has been suggested that lucid dreaming has a potential for enhancing physical well-being. For example, Kellogg (1991) describes how he himself noted rapid healing of an infected tonsil immediately after he awoke from a lucid dream about his throat being healed.

2003, Ashley Christina Mull, Lucid Dreaming in a Sample of College Students:

A dream during which one is conscious that one is dreaming, and may be able to manipulate events.


somnambulism

en-noun

somnambulism (countable and uncountable, plural somnambulisms)

From French somnambulisme, from New Latin somnambulus, from Latin somnus (“sleep”) + ambulō (“I walk”), + -ism.

睡眠時遊行症

すいみんじゆうこうしょう


somniloquist

He drooled incessantly, alternately moaning and cursing in a low somniloquist's voice

1958, Anthony Burgess, The Enemy in the Blanket (The Malayan Trilogy), published 1972, page 355:


dormancy

dormancy (usually uncountable, plural dormancies)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-dormancy.wav

[N]ow the big Thanksgiving dinner which they had eaten was beginning to work upon them a spell of dormancy.

1902, Ralph Henry Barbour, chapter 2, in Behind the Line:

The state or characteristic of being dormant; quiet, inactive restfulness.


nightwear

nightwear (usually uncountable, plural nightwears)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-nightwear.wav

Clothes worn at nighttime or in bed, such as pyjamas

Appendix:Roget MICRA thesaurus/Class II § 225. Clothing -- the closest included


bedwetting

bedwetting (usually uncountable, plural bedwettings)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-bedwetting.wav

A type of urinary incontinence involving involuntary urination while in bed during sleep.


sleepbound

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-sleepbound.wav


sleeper berth

(US) A small compartment on a long-distance truck in which the driver can sleep when taking a break.


drowse

en-verb

drowse (third-person singular simple present drowses, present participle drowsing, simple past and past participle drowsed)

drowses (present singular third-person)
drowsing (participle present)
drowsed (participle past)
drowsed (past)

From Middle English *drousen, from Old English drūsan, drūsian (“to sink; become low, slow, or inactive; droop; drowse; become feeble”), probably from a merger of Proto-Germanic *drūsijaną (“to look down; mourn”) and Proto-Germanic *dreusaną (“to fall”). Cognate with Dutch drozen (“to doze; muse”), German trauern (“to mourn, be sad”), Danish drøse (“to slow down, be negligent”), Norwegian døse (“to drowse”), Swedish drösa (“to be slow”), Old English drēosan ("to rush; fall; perish"; > Middle English dresen (“to fall down”)), Gothic 𐌳𐍂𐌹𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌽 (driusan, “to fall; fall down”).

gloss

"to rush; fall; perish"; > Middle English <i class="Latn mention" lang="enm">dresen</i> (“to fall down”)

cog

(intransitive) To nod off; to fall asleep.