dastar

From Punjabi دستار / ਦਸਤਾਰ (dastār), from Classical Persian دستار (dastār).


Mu'tazila

Borrowed from Arabic الْمُعْتَزِلَة (al-muʕtazila).

bor

الْمُعْتَزِلَة

A denomination in Islam that valued reason over hadith interpretation.

(collective) The followers of this branch in Islam; the Mu'tazilis, the Mu'tazilites.


better place

He's in a better place now.

(idiomatic) Heaven; happiness after death.


OISM

Orthodox Inter-Seminary Movement
w:Orthodox Inter-Seminary Movement

(religion) Initialism of Orthodox Inter-Seminary Movement.


religitard

Come on you, religitards: Prove your God exists and I'll shut the hell up.

2008 June 2, Gwen, “Re: God made pre-humans into people, Vatican newspaper says”, in alt.abortion (Usenet):

I understand the problem religitards have with Sodom, but what did Gomorrah ever do?

2012 May 2, chibiabos [username], “Re: "At Ease, Moron!!!"”, in alt.atheism (Usenet):

I find it somewhat amusing that religitards get offended by the notion that they are related to other primates, but react with pride when they are referred to a^([sic]) flock of sheep.

2013 April 3, Barry OGrady, “Re: My question to CMI”, in aus.religion.christian (Usenet):

(slang, derogatory, religious slur) An adherent of a religion, especially one who is dogmatic.


Arianize

en-verb

Arianize (third-person singular simple present Arianizes, present participle Arianizing, simple past and past participle Arianized)

Arianizes (present singular third-person)
Arianizing (participle present)
Arianized (participle past)
Arianized (past)

(Christianity, transitive, intransitive) To make Arian, or act as an Arian.


Ofudesaki

Borrowed from Japanese おふでさき (ofudesaki).


UHC

(religion, Islam) Initialism of Universal Hejric Calendar.


apeirotheism

/əˌpiːɹɵˈθiːɪzəm/

/əˌpeɪ̯ɹɵˈθiːɪzəm/

From apeiro- + theism, from Ancient Greek ἄπειρος (ápeiros, “infinite”) and θεός (theós, “god”), modeled after atheism, monotheism, polytheism, etc.
Apparently coined by Scottish-American philosopher Thomas Davidson.

coinage

Religious feelings springing from an optimistic and healthy-minded apeirotheism permeated Davidson's activity in his lectures, his social engagement, and travel. Such feelings were the logical outcome of considering oneself and others as the sons of god.

2001, Michael H. DeArmey, James A. Good, The St Louis Hegelians (American Hegelianism), Thoemmes Press, →ISBN, page xxix:

(religion) The belief in the existence of an infinite number of gods.


ICOP

(astronomy, Islam) Initialism of Islamic Crescent Observation Project.


Amatsumara

Borrowed from Japanese 天津麻羅 (Amatsumara).

bor+

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) the Japanese god of the forge, metalcraft, and blacksmithing.


Kajishin

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) the Japanese god of the forge, metalcraft, and blacksmithing


Enma

From Japanese 閻魔 (Enma). Doublet of Yama.

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) The Japanese name for Yama, the Hindu, Buddhist and Chinese god who presides over naraku (hell). A deity and/or personification of death. (Compare Izanami and the Shinigami.)


Konohananosakuya-hime

Borrowed from Japanese 木花咲耶姫 (Konohanasakuya-hime).

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) The goddess of Mount Fuji; the blossom-princess, and the symbol of delicate earthly life.


Ame-no-Uzume

Borrowed from Japanese 天宇受売命, 天鈿女命 (あめのうずめ, Ame-no-Uzume).

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) The Japanese goddess of the dawn, joy and of springtime.

أَمِه نُو أُوزُومِه

Japanese goddess of dawn, joy and springtime


Bishamonten

(mythology, Buddhism, Shinto) The Japanese name for the Buddhist god Vaiśravaṇa, guardian of the North and a patron god of warriors in Japan.


Hotei

From Japanese 布袋 (Hotei), from Middle Chinese 布袋 (MC puH dojH, “cloth sack”) (compare Mandarin 布袋 (Bùdài), Vietnamese Bố Đại), by metonymy "Man with the cloth sack", the "Laughing Buddha" figure associated with the Maitreya Buddha.

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) The Chinese god Budai, the fat and happy god of abundance and good health, and one of the seven gods of luck.


Bukharist

1941, V. R. Bevan Jones, Lewis Bevan Jones, Woman in Islām: A Manual with Special Reference to Conditions in India, page 432:

(Islam, rare) A Sunni; one who believes in Sahih Bukhari.


Ebisu

Borrowed from Japanese 恵比須, 恵比寿, 夷, 戎 (Ebisu).

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) The Japanese god of fishing and commerce. One of the seven gods of luck.


Jurōjin

Borrowed from Japanese 寿老人 (Jurōjin), from Middle Chinese 壽 (dʒjùw, “longevity”) + 老 (láw, “old”) + 人 (nyin, “person”).

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) The Japanese god of longevity. One of the seven gods of luck.


Daikokuten

(Japanese mythology, Buddhism, Shinto) The Japanese name for Mahākāla, a Buddhist god of wealth, commerce and trade. In Japanese folk tradition, he is one of the seven gods of luck. In Shinto, he is syncretized with the deity Ōkuninushi. Daikokuten is often depicted paired with Ebisu in statuary or in the form of masks on the walls of small retail shops.


Islamicism

en-noun

Islamicism (usually uncountable, plural Islamicisms)

Islamic fundamentalism
Islamic fundamentalism


Islamics

a doctorate in Islamics


monergism

monergism (countable and uncountable, plural monergisms)

(theology) A Christian position holding that God, through the Holy Spirit, works to bring about effectually the salvation of individuals through spiritual regeneration without cooperation from the individual.


Kagutsuchi

Borrowed from Japanese 迦具土 (かぐつち, Kagutsuchi), originally a compound of かぐ (kagu, obsolete verb root meaning “to shine, to sparkle”) + つ (tsu, Old Japanese possessive particle) + ち (chi, “power, life force”).

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) The Japanese god of fire, son of Izanagi and Izanami and brother of Amaterasu, Susanoo, Tsukuyomi and Ōyamatsumi; he burned his mother to death while being born.


vardapet

Borrowed from Armenian վարդապետ (vardapet), from Old Armenian վարդապետ (vardapet, “teacher; vardapet”), from a South-Western Iranian word of the form *vard(a)-pet (literally “master of students; master of work”), ultimately from Proto-Iranian *warj- (“to do; to work; to till the land”) (from Proto-Indo-European *werǵ- (“to make”), whence Old Persian vard- (“to work”) in the given name 𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎺𐎼𐎮𐎡𐎹 (Artavardiya-)) + Proto-Iranian *pati- (from Proto-Indo-European *pótis (“master; ruler”), whence Old Armenian պետ (pet, “chief, commander”), Parthian *pet).

cog

There is nothing particular to be mention'd concerning the Archbiſhops and Biſhops of the Armenians, […] It were only to be wiſh'd they diſcharg'd their Duty; but they have no Zeal, and are ſunk into the moſt wretched Ignorance, and are often less eſteem'd than the Vertabiets. Sometimes they are Biſhops and Vertabiets at the same time, that is to ſay, Bishops and Doctors. These Vertabiets, who make ſuch a noiſe among the Armenians, are not in reality great Doctors; but they are the moſt conſiderable Men of the Country, or at leaſt paſs for ſuch.

1741, Joseph Pitton de Tournefort, “Letter VIII. Of the Manners, Religion, and Commerce of the Armenians”, in A Voyage into the Levant: Perform'd by Command of the Late French King. …, volume III, London: Printed for D. Midwinter, R. Ware, C[harles] Rivington, A. Ward, J. and P. Knapton, T[homas] Longman, R. Hett, C. Hitch, S. Austen, J. Wood, and J. & H. Pemberton, →OCLC, page 243:

At the hour appointed most of the brethren met at the house of the vartabed; but found no one there to accuse or oppose them. They now had considerable conversation with the vartabed, and gave him some wholesome advice.

1844 July, “A Friend—Vacillation of the Vartabed”, in The Missionary Herald. Containing the Proceedings of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions: With a View of Other Benevolent Operations, volume XL, number 7, Boston, Mass.: Press of T. R. Martin, 24 Congress Street, →OCLC, page 233, column 1:

Cyriacus of Gandzak, vardapet, a writer of the 13th century. He has composed a History of Armenia, covering a period of near a thousand years. […] Vardan Vardapet of Baretzer-berd, of the 13th century, a fellow-disciple of Cyriacus of Gandzak, profoundly learned, and especially distinguished as a linguist. He has left us a complete history of Armenia from the time of Haik down to his own period.

1860 October, “Proceedings of the American Oriental Society. New Haven, October 17th and 18th, 1860.”, in Journal of the American Oriental Society, volume VII, New Haven, Conn.: For the American Oriental Society, printed by E. Hayes, printer to Yale College, published 1862, →OCLC, page iii:

The hardest trial of all to bear was the cruel bastinado, which the vartabad at length resorted to, seeing that other means failed. A young man was called into the presence of this church dignitary, and required to sign the patriarch's creed. Refusing to comply, he was placed on the floor and beaten with sticks on the soles of his feet, the vartabad assisting with his own hands in inflicting this cruelty.

1867 July, “Mission Work in Turkey”, in The Missionary Magazine, volume XLVII, number 7, Boston, Mass.: American Baptist Missionary Union, Missionary Rooms, 12, Bedford Street, →OCLC, page 214, column 1:

Even if these treatises are not Mantagouni's but were written in imitation of Saint Chrysostom, the fact that they are addressed by an Armenian Vartabet (learned doctor) to the Armenian people is an evidence that theaters existed in Armenia. This, in its own turn, is an evidence of high culture and civilization among the Armenians.

1930, Kevork A[vedis] Sarafian, History of Education in Armenia, La Verne, Calif.: Press of the La Verne Leader, →OCLC, page 28:

A peculiar and important rank in the Armenian hierarchy, conferred by a sort of ordination rite, is that of vartapet. He is a hieromonk or widowed priest of superior learning and ability, especially authorized to preach and teach.

1961, Donald Attwater, The Christian Churches of the East, new edition, volume 2 (Churches not in Communion with Rome), Leominster, Herefordshire: Thomas More Books, →OCLC, page 227:

Something of the structure of the school of Glajor can be inferred from the hierarchy of terms used for teachers, though one must be careful not to try to translate these into ranks of modern university professors, as Xač‘eryan has done. Lowest in the hierarchy was the rabuni or "master," a term borrowed from the Hebrew; somehow more accomplished was the rabunapet or "headmaster"; and still more distinguished was the vardapet, literally "head teacher." […] It is clear that there was a certain formality involved in the training and promotion of a person to the rank of vardapet. Mxit‘ar Goš lays down in his Law Book that a cleric could be admitted to the rank of vardapet only after he had satisfied a panel of two or three vardapets about the level of his learning, though his training might have been under just a single vardapet. The vardapet was regarded as having a special authority to teach.

1991, Avedis K. Sanjian, “The Historical Setting”, in Thomas F. Mathews and Avedis K. Sanjian; Thomas F. Mathews, editor, Armenian Gospel Iconography: The Tradition of the Glajor Gospel (Dunbarton Oaks Studies; 29), Washington, D.C.: Dunbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, ISBN 978-0-88402-183-4, page 23, column 1

Nerses's negotiations with the Byzantines were in part a show performed for the vardapets; the discussions were held at Hromgla, the patriarchal residence, not in Constantinople or some other neutral city.

2008, Christopher [Hatch] MacEvitt, “The Price of Unity: Ecumenical Negotiations and the End of Rough Tolerance”, in The Crusades and the Christian World of the East: Rough Tolerance (Middle Ages Series), Philadelphia, Pa.: University of Pennsylvania Press, →ISBN, page 167:

Armenian Apostolic Church
Armenian Apostolic Church

(Christianity) A highly educated archimandrite in the Armenian Apostolic Church tradition who holds a Doctorate in Theology.

Mkhitar Sebastatsi
San Lazzaro degli Armeni

vartabet

based on the Western Armenian pronunciation


Book of Shadows

en-noun

Book of Shadows (plural Books of Shadows)

Witches keep their magickal records in Books of Shadows, and you will need your own Book of Shadows, too. As you learn, you'll add to it frequently, and your book will grow and grow.

2003, The Complete Idiot's Guide to Wicca and Witchcraft, →ISBN, page 99:

I have discovered some of the most amazing pre-made Books of Shadows through a company called Brahm's Bookworks.

2004, Patricia Telesco, The Teen Book of Shadows, →ISBN:

Some Books of Shadows are passed from one Wiccan to another, usually upon initiation, but the vast majority of Books of Shadows today are composed by each individual Wiccan.

2009, Scott Cunningham, Cunningham's Book of Shadows, →ISBN, page 13:

A book containing religious text and instructions for Wiccan magical rituals.


Yakushi Nyorai

(Japanese mythology, Buddhism) The Japanese name for Bhaiṣajyaguru, the Buddha of medicine.


paramita

From Sanskrit पारमिता (pāramitā, “perfection; completeness”).

der

(Buddhism) perfection or culmination of certain virtues


Hadith

(uncountable, religion, Islam) The entire collection of hadiths (sayings and deeds) of Muhammad within a particular branch of Islam or Islamic jurisprudence.


Zionistan

Blend of Zionist + -stan, equivalent to Zion + -i- + -stan

(neologism, rare, offensive, derogatory) The State of Israel, viewed as Zionist.


big mind

(Buddhism) In the Zen tradition, an awareness of reality that transcends the merely personal or subjective.


Hachiman

(Japanese mythology, Shinto, Buddhism) the Japanese god of archery and tutelary deity of samurai.


takfir

en-verb

takfir (third-person singular simple present takfirs, present participle takfiring, simple past and past participle takfired)

takfirs (present singular third-person)
takfiring (participle present)
takfired (participle past)
takfired (past)

(Islam, transitive) To excommunicate, to declare kafir.


Bakriyyah

Borrowed from Arabic بَكْرِيَّة (bakriyya).


mikoshi

From Japanese 神(み)輿(こし) (mikoshi, “divine sedan”).

(Shinto) A raised ceremonial litter used to transport a Shinto deity between shrines.


Ref.

Coordinate term: Luth.

(Christianity) Abbreviation of Reformed.


N.

Borrowed from Latin N., or an abbreviation of name.

Which in the first place, we offer up to Thee for Thy holy Catholic Church, that it may please Thee to grant her peace, to protect, unite and govern her throughout the world, together with Thy servant N. our Pope, N. our Bishop, and all true believers and professors of the Catholic and Apostolic Faith.
Be mindful, O Lord, of Thy servants and handmaids N. and N. (the priest calls to mind the living he wants to pray for) and for all here present, whose faith and devotion are known to Thee, for whom we offer, or who offer up to Thee this sacrifice of praise for themselves and all those dear to them, for the redemption of their souls, the hope of their safety and salvation : who now pay their vows to Thee, the eternal, living and true God.

1945, The Saint Andrew Daily Missal, page 972:

℣. The continuation (or beginning) of the holy Gospel according to N.
℟. Glory be to Thee, O Lord.

1962, Roman Catholic Sunday Missal Booklet, Angelus Press, page 15:

(Christianity, liturgical, law) placeholder for a particular name to be specified


Ryūjin

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) A dragon god also known as Watatsumi and Suijin, the tutelary deity of the sea in Japanese mythology.


Umari

From Arabic عُمَري (ʕumari). Equivalent to Umar + -i. See also Amari.

(Islam) A member of the al-Omari, a family claiming descent from Umar, the second caliph of the Islamic empire.


Mart.

In the Mart. of Donegal, this is the day of St. Comgall (Comhgall), placed in the Menology on the 27th June, as having no day.

1892, Richard Stanton, A Menology of England and Wales..., p. 645

(Roman Catholicism) Abbreviation of martyrology.


Jubilate Sunday

en-noun

Jubilate Sunday (plural Jubilate Sundays)

Named from the liturgy of the Catholic Church, in which the first line of the introit for that day's mass is "Jubilate Deo omnis terra" ("Shout with joy to God, all the earth").

(religion) The third Sunday after Easter.


mut'ah

mut'ah (usually uncountable, plural mut'ahs)

Borrowed from Arabic مُتْعَة (mutʕa). Doublet of mutat.

(Islam) Temporary marriage (wedlease) practised by certain Muslim sects, particularly Shias.


Aaron's confession

(historical) A confession (somewhat similar to a denomination) of Russian Old Believers, which split from the Filippians in the second half of the 18th century.

ааро́ново согла́сие

a confession (somewhat similar to a denomination) of Russian Old Believers


anticonversion

en-adj

anticonversion (comparative more anticonversion, superlative most anticonversion)

more anticonversion (comparative)
most anticonversion (superlative)

anticonversion laws in India

(law, religion) Opposing or preventing conversion from one religion to another.

anticonversão

opposing or preventing religious conversion


theological virtues

(Christianity) Virtues that are bestowed upon human beings during baptism.


heavenly virtues

(Catholicism) All the cardinal virtues and theological virtues.


Odyssean Wicca

A branch of Wicca based in Canada which emphasises a balance between Goddess and God.


Faery Wicca

A branch of Wicca that emphasises beings of legendary folklore, especially faeries.


Celtic Wicca

A branch of Wicca that incorporates some elements of Celtic mythology.


Eclectic Wicca

A branch of Wicca based on individuals inventing their own spiritual practices rather than following tradition or by combining multiple traditions in a syncratic manner


Alexandrian Wicca

The name of the tradition is a reference both to founder Alex Sanders and to the ancient occult library of Alexandria.

A branch of Wicca originating from Britain which practises ceremonial magic.


Dianic Wicca

A branch of Wicca that is gynocentric and worships only a goddess, often an exclusively female sect


Gardnerian Wicca

A branch of Wicca which emphasises Gerald Gardner's teachings, the Book of Shadows and initiation.


Nala

(Hinduism) A character in Hindu mythology: the king of Nishadha Kingdom, son of Veerasena.


Wahhabist

(Islam) a follower of Wahhabism; a Wahhabite.


Dainichi Nyorai

(Japanese mythology, Buddhism) The Japanese name for the sun Buddha, Vairocana, one of the Five Dhyani Buddhas.


Kannon

From Japanese 観音 (Kannon), from Middle Chinese 觀音 (MC kwan 'im), a translation of Sanskrit अवलोकितेश्वर (avalokiteśvara).

der

अवलोकितेश्वर

“A long time ago, Kannon, the Bodhisattva of Compassion, made a deep vow to free all beings and help us wake up to our true and luminous nature.”

2021, Ruth Ozeki, The Book of Form and Emptiness, Canongate Books (2022), page 413:

(religion, Buddhism) Kannon, the Japanese version of Guanyin, the Chinese translation of Avalokiteśvara, the bodhisattva of mercy and compassion.


hotr

Unadapted borrowing from Sanskrit होतृ (hotṛ).

ubor

(Hinduism) The priest who recites invocations and litanies during the yajna service.


Ismaili

From Arabic إِسْمَاعِيلِيّ (ʔismāʕīliyy).

der

إِسْمَاعِيلِيّ

Arabic إِسْمَاعِيلِيّ (ʔismāʕīliyy)


Ismaili

إِسْمَاعِيلِيّ

Arabic إِسْمَاعِيلِيّ (ʔismāʕīliyy)

Of or pertaining to Shi'ism or Ismailism.


Fukūjōju Nyorai

(Japanese mythology, Buddhism) Fukūjōju Nyorai; the Japanese name for the Northern Buddha, Amoghasiddhi, one of the Five Dhyani Buddhas.


Amida Nyorai

The Tendai may indeed be regarded as the mother sect of all later developments of Japanese Buddhism, and Amida Nyorai is even of greater importance in Japanese art than Sakya Muni, the founder of the religion.

1906, Edward Dillon, The Arts of Japan (Little books on art), Methuen, →OCLC, page 36:

The 13m-tall image represents Amida Nyorai, the future Buddha who receives souls into the Western Paradise, and was built under the orders of Minamoto Yoritomo to rival the larger Nara Buddha, near Kyoto.

2011 February 1, Jan Dodd, Simon Richmond, The Rough Guide to Japan (Rough Guide to...), Penguin, →ISBN, →OCLC:

Pure Land Buddhism suggests that the problem of suffering should not be addressed as a spiritual matter but at the level of change in the social environment. The desired social environment is the peaceful and equalitarian environment envisioned by Amida Nyorai’s vows in the Larger Sūtra and especially in the First Vow.

2019, U. Dessì, “The Pure Land and this World in Hishiki Masaharu’s Shin Buddhist Ethics”, in G. T. Halkias, R. K. Payne, editors, Pure Lands in Asian Texts and Contexts, University of Hawaii Press, →ISBN, page 578:

(Japanese mythology, Buddhism) The Japanese name for the Western Buddha, Amitābha, one of the Five Dhyani Buddhas.


Ashuku Nyorai

Vajra Division (kongō-bu): The eternal life force. The central deity is Ashuku Nyorai.

1988, Taikō Yamasaki, Shingon: Japanese Esoteric Buddhism, Shambhala, →ISBN, page 139:

Finally, behind Fukūjōju sits Ashuku Nyorai. Ashuku is the Buddha of the East. His left hand holds a piece of detached sleeve. His right hand hangs pendent in front of his right knee, palm turned inward, fingers pointing toward the ground.

2007, Philip L. Nicoloff, Sacred Koyasan, SUNY Press, →ISBN, page 128:

It contains statues of Ashuku Nyorai, Hōshō Nyorai, Muryōju Nyorai, and Fukūjōju Nyorai surrounding a statue of Dainichi Nyorai.

2008, Tatsuro Muro, David C. Moreton, A Journey of the Soul, Education Publishing Center, →ISBN, page 14:

Establish the connection with the Imperturbable Buddha Ashuku Nyorai through the distant contact. Greet him with the words: “Dear Ashuku Nyorai, I come to you as a sick person and request healing. […]”

2006, Mark Hosak, Walter Luebeck, The Big Book of Reiki Symbols, Lotus Press, →ISBN, page 263:

On the left is a third guest Buddha, a seated image of Ashuku Nyorai carved in 1322 by Inkō, about whom little is known.

2021, Burritt Sabin, Kamakura: A Contemplative Guide, Partridge, →ISBN:

(Japanese mythology, Buddhism) The Japanese name for the Eastern Buddha, Akṣobhya, one of the Five Dhyani Buddhas.


Hōshō Nyorai

As we face Dainichi, the Buddha seated at our near left is Hōshō Nyorai, the Buddha of the South.

2007, Philip L. Nicoloff, Sacred Koyasan, SUNY Press, →ISBN, page 127:

The Hōshō Nyorai sculpture sits on a lotus base, which rests on the back of several seated, winged horses. The deity's left hand grasps the edge of the robe, the left rests on the knee, palm facing upward in the wish-granting mudra.

2010, Hillary Pedersen, The Five Great Space Repository Bodhisattvas (dissertation), University of Kansas, page 208:

Or if the dying person should manifest a sign presaging rebirth among any of the thirty-six kinds of hungry ghosts, the attendant should immediately intervene to save that person by performing the rites of Hōshō Nyorai, Kokūzō, Jizō, Thousand-Armed Kannon, Bodhisattva Perfection of Giving, and the rite of offering Deathbed Attendants

2016, Jacqueline I. Stone, Right Thoughts at the Last Moment, University of Hawaii Press, →ISBN, pages 289–290:

(Japanese mythology, Buddhism) The Japanese name for the Southern Buddha, Ratnasaṃbhava, one of the Five Dhyani Buddhas.


major prophet

From major (“greater, longer”) + prophet. The term derived from the greater length of these books of the Bible, as compared to the much shorter minor prophets.

Any of the five longer prophetic books in the Old Testament: Isaiah, Jeremiah, Lamentations, Ezekiel, or Daniel.


minor prophet

From minor (“shorter, smaller”) + prophet. The term derived from the shorter length of these books of the Bible, as compared to the much longer major prophets.

Any of the twelve prophetic books at the end of the Old Testament.

kispróféta

any of twelve prophetic books at the end of the Old Testament


Slavia Romana

Slavic countries that are predominantly under Catholic Church and use Roman script


dikka

(Islam) A tribune raised upon columns from which the Qur'an is recited and prayers are intoned by the Imam of a mosque.

дикка

tribune raised upon columns from which the Koran is recited


whiteanity

To make life more human for the oppressed and to reclaim the humanity of the oppressed as well, the racism that is built into our most cherished institutions, including our churches, must be attacked and removed “root and branch.” Without this there can be “whiteanity,” but there can be no genuine Christianity.

1974, J. Deotis Roberts, A Black Political Theology, Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press, published 2005, →ISBN, →OL, page 68:

Is it an authentic liberation theology, or is it Christianity/Whiteanity—a religion of oppression, a species of the slave master’s Frankenstein mutation of biblical religion and Christianity that Carter G. Woodson labels mis-religion and Benjamin Mays, “compensatory beliefs”?

1998, William R. Jones, Is God a White Racist?: A Preamble to Black Theology, Boston: Beacon Press, →ISBN, →OL, page ix:

But the black church also operates out of a constructive cultural amnesia still clinging to remnants of the malignant forms of Christianity offered by slaveholders. This is not Christianity at all but may be what William R. Jones refers to as a creative and adaptive form of “whiteanity.”

2004 July, Barbara Ann Holmes, Joy Unspeakable: Contemplative Practices of the Black Church, Fortress Press, →ISBN, →OL, page 40:

(Black liberation theology) A white supremacist form of Christianity.


Yiddishkeit

Wait! my Ezekiel will be Bar-mitzvah in a few years; then you shall see what I will do for that Shool. You shall see what an example of Yiddishkeit I will give to a link generation.

1892, Israel Zangwill, chapter 12, in The Grandchildren of the Ghetto, London: J.M. Dent, page 175:

1969, Chaim Potok, The Promise, New York: Anchor Books, 2005, Chapter Six,
“In America, everything is called Yiddishkeit,” Rav Kalman said. “A Jew travels to synagogue on Shabbos in his car, that is called Yiddishkeit. A Jew eats ham but gives money to philanthropy, that is called Yiddishkeit. A Jew prays three times a year but is a member of a synagogue, that is called Yiddishkeit. Judaism”—he pronounced the word in English, contemptuously: Joo-dah-eeism—“everything in America calls itself Judaism.”

2000, Curt Leviant (translator), “The Shochet’s Wife” in More Stories from My Father’s Court by Isaac Bashevis Singer (1956), New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, p. 17,
He wants a loose girl, a bareheaded piece who doesn’t keep Yiddishkeit.

Jewishness; the Jewish way of life, particularly Ashkenazi and Yiddish culture.


restrictivism

From restrictive + -ism, coined by John E. Sanders.

(theology) The view that Christian salvation is possible only for those who have heard about the gospel of Jesus and put their faith in Jesus prior to their death.


klesha

(Hinduism, Buddhism) A mental state, such as fear or ignorance, that clouds the mind and leads to unwholesome actions.


Redemptorist

From French Rédemptoriste, from Italian Redentorista, from redentore (“redeemer, savior”) (notably the Messiah, Christ; from Latin redēmptor, from redēmptus, perfect passive participle of redimō (“redeem, buy back”), itself from re- (“back; again”) + emō (“buy; gain, take, procure”)) + -ista (“-ist”).

A member of the Roman Catholic missionary congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer (i.e. Jesus Christ), founded in 1732 by Saint Alphonsus Maria of Liguori


Stribog

The god of the winds, air and sky in Slavic mythology.


Satanic Bible

(religion) The central religious text in LaVeyan Satanism.


decisor

From Latin dēcīsor, from dēcīdō (past participial stem dēcīs-) + -or.

(Judaism) A rabbi who decides matters in Jewish religious law.

פּוֹסֵק

Judaism: one who decides matters in Jewish law


Tao Te Ching

/ˌtaʊ ˌteɪ ˈt͡ʃɪŋ/

From the Wade–Giles romanization of the Mandarin pronunciation of Chinese 道德經／道德经 (Dàodéjīng, “Classic of the Dao and De”).

bor

(philosophy, Taoism) A Chinese classic text fundamental to both philosophical and religious Taoism.


House of Worship

en-noun

House of Worship (plural Houses of Worship)

Baháʼí Baháʼí


Awan

Awan married her brother Cain.

(religion) The daughter of Adam and Eve in the Book of Jubilees.


misyar

(Islam) A temporary marriage (wedlease), especially in Sunni Islam.


harami

(Islam) A person who has done something haram; a sinner.


Asatruar

Breaking an oath is the worst thing an Asatruar can do.

2011, Selene Silverwind, The Everything Paganism Book: Discover the Rituals, Traditions, and Festivals of This Ancient Religion:

Many modern Ásatrúar worship her [Eir] for good health and healing.

2020, Mathias Nordvig, Ásatrú for Begginers: A Modern Heathen's Guide to the Ancient Northern Way, page 33:

This [Thor's hammer] is a very popular item today, worn by modern Heathen and Asatruar as symbols of their faith in the Norse Gods but it has roots int he pagan past.

2020, Morgan Daimler, Pagan Portals - Thor, page 46:


Asaph

Borrowed from Hebrew אָסַף (’Āsāp̄); meaning "Gathered by God".

An alternative name for the Judean king Asa that gospel writer St. Matthew used.


shakti

From Sanskrit शक्ति (śákti, “power, energy”).

(Hinduism) the divine force that pervades the universe.


Khalistan

Borrowed from Punjabi ਖ਼ਾਲਿਸਤਾਨ (xālistān) / خالِصْتان (xāliṣtān). Literally, “Land of the Khalsa ”. Analyzable as Khalsa + -i- + -stan.

Indian Subcontinent
Indian Subcontinent#English

(historical) Synonym of Punjab; A region of Indian Subcontinent


Arunachala

A holy hill, dedicated to Shiva, at Thiruvannamalai in Tamil Nadu, India

Arunachala

a holy hill, dedicated to Shiva, at Thiruvannamalai in Tamil Nadu, India


Theodism

Learned borrowing from Old English þēod (“nation, people, tribe, race”) + -ism

lbor

A form of Germanic neopaganism developed in the United States, based on Anglo-Saxon practices in England before conversion to Christianity.


darsana

In presenting its ‘view’ of the truth, each darśana is as it were describing what it is that its practitioners will ‘see’.

2000, Sue Hamilton, Indian Philosophy: A Very Short Introduction, OUP, published 2001, page 12:

(India philosophy) A philosophy, worldview.


huwasi

Learned borrowing from Hittite 𒄷𒉿𒅆 (ḫu-wa-ši).

(Hittite mythology) A sacred stone treated as a deity.


sattva

One of the three gunas in Hindu philosophy, representing things that are pure, divine, and spiritual.


tamas

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit तमस् (támas, “darkness”).

One of the three gunas in Hindu philosophy, representing things that are inert, resistant, or dark and destructive.


Mabon

Coined by Aidan A. Kelly around 1970 as a reference to Mabon ap Modron, a character from Welsh mythology.

(Wicca) A pagan and Wiccan holiday celebrating the second harvest at the time of the autumnal equinox.


Ostara

Related to Easter, which see for some more information.

A pagan and Wiccan holiday celebrating the spring equinox, sometimes also called Eostre or Easter.


antimonistic

en-adj

antimonistic (comparative more antimonistic, superlative most antimonistic)

more antimonistic (comparative)
most antimonistic (superlative)


Imbolc

Uncertain; common explanations include the following:
* From Old Irish i mbolg (“in the belly”), referring to pregnant ewes.
* From Old Irish imb-fholc (“to cleanse or wash oneself”), referring to a ritual cleansing.
* Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *h₂melǵ- (“to milk; milk”), though the connection between the milking of animals and the festival is not clear. Some descendants of this root have meanings related to cleansing (for example, Persian مالیدن (mâlidan, “to rub, smear”), Sanskrit मर्जति (marjati, “to clean, wipe”)), so the root could also have the sense of purification.

noncog

[T]hat the ancient Irish, at some remote period, did divide the year into the three seasons of Samh, summer, Gamh, winter, and Imbolc, spring (omitting the Foghmhar, or autumn), is quite evident from the fact, that Cormac Mac Cuileannain and the other old glossarists, explain Samhain, or November eve, by Samh, summer, and fuin, the end; that is, the end of Samh, or summer.

1862 June 10, Eugene O’Curry, “Lecture XXX. [Of Music and Musical Instruments in Ancient Erinn.]”, in W. K. Sullivan, editor, On the Manners and Customs of the Ancient Irish. A Series of Lectures, volume III (Lectures, Vol. II), London, Edinburgh: Williams and Norgate; Dublin: W. B. Kelly; New York, N.Y.: Scribner, Welford, & Co., published 1873, →OCLC, page 217:

Invite, but never command, friendly spirits, faeries, or elementals to join you as you wish. In some traditons it is common to invite ancestors to join you, especially during the dark days from Samhain to Imbolg when it is believed that the portal between our dimensions is at its thinnest.

1994, Edain McCoy, “Appendix Three: Outline for Ritual Construction”, in A Witch’s Guide to Faery Folk: How to Work with the Elemental World: […], St. Paul, Minn.: Llewellyn Publishers, published 2004 (13th printing), →ISBN, page 354:

In the Celtic world many celebrations were built around the ancient calendar of events or great feasts. The four great feasts of the year were Samhain (1st November), Imbolg (1st February), Bealtaine (1st May) and Lughnasa (1st August). Notice that each of the feasts begins each of the four seasons of the year – winter, spring, summer and autumn.

2002, Liam Lawton, “How Can I Repay the Lord”, in Song of My People, Dublin: Veritas Publications, →ISBN, page 28:

The Festival of Imbolc commences on February eve, or January 31, and usually concludes on February 2. Imbolc has three major associations: the veneration of fire and water, the quickening of new life in the womb, and the lactation of ewes. The association of Imbolc with fire comes from its place as the midpoint between the winter solstice and the vernal equinox.

2007, Judy Ann Nock, “Season Three: Imbolc: First Light in the Dark of Winter”, in The Provenance Press Guide to the Wiccan Year: Spells, Rituals, Holiday Celebrations, Avon, Mass.: Provenance Press, Adams Media, Simon & Schuster, →ISBN:

Never leave incense, candles, or anything else burning when you are not in the room to ensure you will be around for many more Imbolcs to come.

2015, Carl F. Neal, Imbolc: Rituals, Recipes & Lore for Brigid’s Day (Llewellyn’s Sabbat Essentials), Woodbury, Minn.: Llewellyn Publishers, →ISBN:

Brigid has also been described in relation to the different cycles as the Earth Mother. […] In another version of the Threshold Rites, a sheaf of wheat from the Samhain harvest was placed outside doors of homes on the eve of January 31. Some believed that the Goddess was present in the sheaf in her winter Cailleach form. Upon Imbolc, the sheaf becomes the infant Goddess Brigid once again, marking the fragile beginnings of the new agricultural cycle.

2015, Courtney Weber, “Imbolc: Brigid the Springtime Goddess, the Mother, and the Midwife”, in Brigid: History, Mystery, and Magick of the Celtic Goddess, San Francisco, Calif.: Weiser Books, Red Wheel/Weiser, →ISBN, page 149:

(British, Ireland) A Gaelic and Wiccan festival celebrated on 1 or 2 February which marks the beginning of spring.

Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies
Penguin Books
University of Wales Press

聖布里吉德節

Gaelic and Wiccan festival which marks the beginning of spring

Yule • Imbolc • Ostara • Beltane • Litha • Lammas


Breslover

A member of a branch of Hasidic Judaism founded by Nachman of Breslov (1772–1810).


Bwiti

Bwiti has not yet appeared in the United States and thus has not made a request for a religious exemption for its consumption of iboga. Clearly, Bwiti would satisfy criteria for a bona fide religion in the context of drug use (or “nondrug” use).

2007, Margaret P. Battin, Erik Luna, Arthur G. Lipman, Paul M. Gahlinger, Douglas E. Rollins, Jeanette C. Roberts, Troy L. Booher, Drugs and Justice: Seeking a Consistent, Coherent, Comprehensive View, page 194:

Under the influence of iboga, the Bwiti initiates are able to communicate directly with an assembly of dead ones—a chain of ancestors.

2009, Marlene Dobkin de Rios, The Psychedelic Journey of Marlene Dobkin de Rios, page 85:

In West Africa, iboga is most often used as a sacrament of initiation in the Bwiti religion. Bwiti is a widely accepted and officially recognized religion in Gabon and in recent decades has spread to several neighboring countries.

2010, Stephen Gray, Returning to Sacred World: A Spiritual Toolkit for the Emerging Reality, page 297:

Bwiti is a new religious movement found among the Fang and Metsogo peoples of Gabon in equatorial West Africa. This ecstatic, syncretic cult, influenced by the Bieri ancestral cult and Christian evangelism, has been characterized as a reformative movement and as a dynamic form of resistance and response to colonialism (Fernandez 1982). The polymorphous Bwiti religion is spread throughout Fang territory, but chapels are relatively autonomous, and there is little organization beyond that found at the level of individual villages (Fernandez 1972).

2013, Des Tramacchi, “6: Entheogenic dance ecstasis: cross-cultural contexts”, in Graham St John, editor, Rave Culture and Religion, page 132:

(religion) A syncretistic religion and spiritual discipline practised in Gabon and Cameroon.

bwiti

an animistic religion of Gabon and Cameroon


Bwiti

To enter the Bwiti religion initiates must see Bwiti, the Ancestors. The only way to see Bwiti is in the altered state of consciousness induced by Iboga, the sacred plant entheogen utilized by Bwiti followers.

2007, Christina Pratt, “Bwiti”, in An Encyclopedia of Shamanism, Volume One: A-M, page 75:

The initiate falls to the ground in a stupor after drinking the iboga brew. The Bwiti then is supposed to reveal itself under diverse and macabre forms.

(religion, Bwiti) An ancestor or other religiously relevant figure, especially one appearing in a drug-induced vision to an initiate of the Bwiti religion.


Minim

See minimum (“least”); so called to humble them even below the Franciscans, or "friars minor".

A member of a Roman Catholic religious order of friars founded by Saint Francis of Paola in fifteenth-century Italy.


Salacia

(Roman mythology) The goddess of saltwater and the deep.


apocatastatic

en-adj

apocatastatic (comparative more apocatastatic, superlative most apocatastatic)

more apocatastatic (comparative)
most apocatastatic (superlative)

(Christianity) Relating to apocatastasis.


Mariologist

Mariologists argue that Mary, who enabled God the Savior to be born, has a position more exalted than any other creature.

2001, “Mariology”, in Walter A. Elwell, editor, Evangelical Dictionary of Theology, Baker Academic, →ISBN, page 736:


Chthonia

(Greek mythology) A daughter of Erechtheus and Praxithea.

(Greek mythology) A daughter of Phoroneus or Colontas.

(Greek mythology) One of the Alkyonides.

(Greek mythology) An epithet for several chthonic deities, including Demeter, Hecate, Melinoe, and Nyx.

(Greek mythology) An ancient mythical and poetic name for Crete.


Siduri

An ancient Babylonian goddess of wisdom, fermentation and merrymaking.


Sevener

(Islam) A member of a branch of Ismaili Shi'a Muslims who believe that Isma'il ibn Jafar was the seventh and last imam (hereditary leader of the Muslim community).


Carolingian cross

en-noun

Carolingian cross (plural Carolingian crosses)

A cross composed of four triquetrae which meet at the crux by their vertices.


khatib

(Islam) A person who delivers the khutbah.


Evangelical Lutheran

Combination of "Evangelical", which was Martin Luther's adjectival term for his own theology and "Lutheran", which was originally a derogatory adjectival term, soon a noun with repeated usage, used to describe his followers' endorsement of Luther. Later, when the movement split into fractions, the term "Evangelical Lutheran" came to mean the followers of Luther's original teaching. From there it has gradually been shortened back to "Lutheran" as general descriptor for Luther's latter followers, but "Evangelical Lutheran" is still widely used by certain Lutheran church denominations.

Evangelical Lutheran Church in America

Lutheran (of or pertaining to the theology of Martin Luther or its followers)


new religious movement

new religious movement (plural new religious movements)

TM, Erhard Seminars Training (est), and the Rajneesh Foundation are currently the most visible NRMs offering a release service to clients in Western Europe, but a large number of smaller groups are also in operation.

1987, James A. Beckford, New Religious Movements and Rapid Social Change, SAGE Publications Ltd, →ISBN, page 44:

To illustrate rather than to define: among the better-known NRMs are the Brahma Kumaris, the Church of Scientology, the Divine Light Mission (now known as Elan Vital), est (erhard Seminar Training, now known as the Landmark Forum), the Family (originally known as the Children of God), ISKCON (the Hare Krishna), Rajneeshism (now know as Osho International), Sahaja Yoga, the Soka Gakkai, Trandscendental Mediations, the Unification Church (known as the Moonies) and the Way International. One might also include Neo-Paganism, Occultism, Wicca (or witchcraft) and several movements that are within mainstream traditions, such as part of the House Church (Restoration) movement from within Protestant traditions, and Folkolare, the Neo-Catechumenates, Communione e Liberazione and perhaps even Opus Dei from within the Roman Catholic traditions.

1996, Eileen Barker, “New Religions and Mental Health”, in Dinesh Bhugra, editor, Psychiatry and Religion: Context, Consensus and Controversies, London and New York: Routledge, →ISBN, page 126:

...the human potential and psychotherapy movements, as well as the more 'life-affirming' New Religious Movements and religions of the self. This was the complex world of the Californian 'psychobabble', of Scientology and est (Erhard Seminars Training, later called Forums Network), of Encounter Groups, meditation techniques and self-help manuals designed to assist individuals 'realise their potential'.

1999, Jamie Cresswell, Bryan Wilson, editors, New Religious Movements, Routledge, →ISBN, page 35:

The prospect of a new global order is also central to many variants of the Human Potential and New Age movements and Scientology. All these very different kinds of NRM nevertheless share a conviction that human beings have, perhaps for the first time, come into possession of the knowledge required to free them from traditional structures of thought and action. Hence, the confidence of the Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, founder of Transcendental Meditation, and of Werner Erhard, the founder of est (now largely reconfigured as the Landmark Trust), that the state of the entire world would improve if a sufficient number of people became sufficiently energetic and disciplined about their spiritual practice.

2004, James A. Beckford, “New Religious Movements and Globalization”, in Phillip Charles Lucas, Thomas Robbins, editors, New Religious Movements in the 21st Century, Abingdon and New York: Routledge, →ISBN, page 208:

These two opposing strategies of new religious movements for delivering compensators I will term 'compensation delivery systems' (CDS). The gradual CDS can best be described as religion as a multi-level marketing (MLM) tactic - a term I take from the business world. ... Exemplars of new religious movements with a gradual CDS are Scientology and Erhard Seminar Training in its various manifestations.

2004, James R. Lewis, The Encyclopedic Sourcebook of New Age Religions, Prometheus Books, →ISBN, page 187:

The majority of NRMs are, however, not indigenous to Europe. Many can be traced to the United States (frequently to California), including offshoots of the Jesus Movement (such as the Children of God, later known as the Family); the Way International; International Churches of Christ; the Church Universal and Triumphant (known as Summit Lighthouse in England); and much of the human potential movement (such as est, which gave rise to the Landmark Forum, and various practices developed through the Esalen Institute).

2005, Eileen Barker, “New Religious Movements in Europe”, in Lindsay Jones, editor, Encyclopedia of Religion, Detroit: Macmillan Reference, →ISBN, page 6568:

Although est and the Forum are frequently characterized as NRMs or 'cults' (q.v.), leaders and participants have typically denied that undergoing the seminars involves following a religion.

2006, George D. Chryssides, The A to Z of New Religious Movements, Scarecrow Press, →ISBN, page 121:

(religion) (abbreviated NRM) Any religious community or spiritual group of modern origins, having a peripheral place within a state's dominant religious culture.


self religion

Werner Erhard, a former used-car salesman, founded his Erhard Seminar Training system (EST) in 1971. He drew upon many sources in the development of his philosophy including Zen Buddhism, Dale Carnegie's Positive Thinking, L. Ron Hubbard's Scientology and Jose Silva's Silva Mind Control. Erhard's seminars were at first 60-hour courses over two weeks designed to give insights into the meaning of life; his philosophy has been described as 'the most important of the self religions' that developed in the 1970s and 1980s.

1992 July 21, Ray Clancy, “Professionals fall prey to New Age gurus”, in The Times, United Kingdom:

Rupert (1992) discusses a range of cases where religious or philosophical ideas have been used to underpin business training seminars, including both movements which fall under the 'New Age' umbrella and the so-called 'self religions' such as the human potential movement, est, or Scientology.

2000, Peter Bernard Clarke, Japanese New Religions: In Global Perspective, Routledge, →ISBN, page 64:

New Age communities appear to be driven more by a concern for individual spiritual growth than by collective concerns. A majority focus on teaching the various techniques for improving the quality of one's life and greater effectiveness by kindling the divine spark within. Transcendental meditation, the Self-religions (see Self-religion, The Self, and self) including The Forum, formerly est, Insight, The Life Training, the Silva Method of Mind Control, based largely on New Thought, Mind Dynamics, an offshoot of Silva Mind Control fall into this category.

2005, Peter Clarke, Encyclopedia of New Religious Movements, Routledge, →ISBN, page 445:

Est is subsumed under 'other self-improvement groups'. The latter probably comprise groups for which Paul Heelas coined the term 'self-religions': groups which offer techniques and practices which encourage experience and perfection of the self (Heelas 1982; 1984; 1988).

2006, Elisabeth Arweck, Researching New Religious Movements: Responses and Redefinitions, Routledge, →ISBN, pages 171–172:

Paul Heelas, for example, includes a significant number of what he calls the 'self religions': groups like Landmark Forum (also known simply as The Forum, formerly est or Erhard Seminar Training) and Programmes Limited (formerly Exegesis).

2007, Daren Kemp, James R. Lewis, Handbook of New Age, Brill, →ISBN, page 6:

Paul Heelas, in his study of the New Age movement, includes firmly structured organizations such as the International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON), Osho and the so-called 'self religions' such as est (Erhard Seminar Training), among others.

2011, George D. Chryssides, Heaven's Gate: Postmodernity and Popular Culture in a Suicide Group, Ashgate, →ISBN, page 4:

(religion) A religious self-improvement group.


Musubi-no-Kami

(pop culture) The Japanese god of matchmaking, love and marriage.


Dojin

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) A Japanese god of earth, land or soil.


pampathy

Formed as pam- (“all”) + -pathy (“feeling”) after sympathy, empathy, etc.

It is a “pampathy” or all-feeling which produces in every individual a deep-felt longing to be at one with the whole universe of which each is a part.

1918, Édouard Le Roy, translated by Lydia Gillingham Robinson, What Is a Dogma?, page 5:

(philosophy of religion, rare) The supposed faculty that causes its possessors to yearn to commune with the “All” of existence.


Kajin

Borrowed from Japanese 火神 (かじん, Kajin, literally “fire god”).

bor

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) Kagutsuchi, the Japanese god of fire.

(Buddhism) Japanese translation for Agni.


Suijin

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) A Japanese god of water; another name for Ryūjin.


Tenjin

From Japanese 天神 (Tenjin), from 天 (tʰen, “Heaven”) + 神 (ʑiɪn, “deity”, “god”).

af

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) A Japanese god of the heavens; also the Shinto kami of scholarship.


Raijin

From Japanese 雷神 (Raijin), from Middle Chinese 雷 (luʌi, “thunder”) + 神 (ʑiɪn, “deity”, “spirit”).

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) The Japanese god of lightning, thunder and storms, along with Fūjin and Susanoo.


Epione

From Latin Ēpionē, from Ancient Greek Ἠπιόνη (Ēpiónē).

(Greek mythology) Ancient Greek goddess of soothing of pain; in fact, her name actually means soothing.


Fūjin

From Japanese 風神 (ふうじん Fūjin), from Middle Chinese 風 (MC pjuwng, “wind”) + 神 (ʑiɪn, “deity”, “spirit”).

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) The Japanese god of winds and storms, along with Raijin and Susanoo.


physis

en-noun

physis (countable and uncountable, plural physes)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek φύσις (phúsis).

(Ancient Greek philosophy and theology) Nature, as contrasted with law or custom.

physis

nature, as contrasted with law or custom


qari

Borrowed from Arabic قَارِئ (qāriʔ, “reader”).

(Islam) One who recites the Qur'an according to the tajwid, or proper rules of recitation.


Fiver

From five + -er (“supporter”) or + -er (occupational suffix).

The three major branches or sects are the Twelvers, Seveners, and Fivers.

1998, Emory C. Bogle, Islam: Origin and Belief, University of Texas Press, page 145:

Whereas the largest Shi’a branch, the ‘Twelvers’, strictly believe that there were only 12 visible imams, the ’Fivers’ have recognised many more imams throughout their history.

2007, Daniel McLaughlin, Yemen: The Bradt Travel Guide, Bradt, page 23:

(the Zaydis, or Fivers, were the first subset to break away from larger Shi’ism, and traditionally elected an imam from among the descendants of the Prophet Muhammad as their leader).

J. E. Peterson, Yemen on the precipice: Governing the ungovernable in 2013, Abbas Kadhim, Governance in the Middle East and North Africa: A Handbook, Routledge International Handbooks, page 306


saffronization

From saffron + -ization, after the saffron robes worn by Hindu priests and monks.

Given the 'saffronization' of Congress, the 'ethnoreligious purification' of the BJP, and the parturition of the avowedly secular parties (CPI, SJP and BSP) […]

1993, Harold Alton Gould, India votes: alliance politics and minority governments in the ninth and tenth general elections, page 308:

The saffronization of the Shiv Sena, and the fusion of its Maratha-kunbi chauvinism and communalism were natrual outcomes.

1999, Rajeev Bhargava, Multiculturalism, Liberalism, and Democracy, page 241:

The “value education” directives issued in the 81st Report encouraged, in the first instance, the “saffronization” agenda of the BJPled NDA government from 1999.

2015, S. Gupta, Consumable Texts in Contemporary India: Uncultured Books and Bibliographical Sociology:

(India, politics, derogatory) The politics of right-wing Hindu nationalism (Hindutva) that seek to make the Indian state adopt policies that recall and glorify Hindu cultural history and heritage of India at the expense of other religious traditions.

Dravidization

alteration in favour of Dravidian nationalism or separatism


Hindutva

Transliteration of Hindi हिंदुत्व (hindutva) / Bengali হিন্দুত্ব (hindutto, literally “Hinduness”). Coined by Chandranath Basu in 1892 and further popularised by Vinayak Damodar Savarkar.

Bharatwasi

online slang terms for Hindutva supporters, may sometimes be derogatory

swayamsevak

a member of RSS, a Hindutva paramilitary organisation

chaddi

derogatory online slang term for Hindutva supporters

In India, too, people now wish to bring that argument to a close: to replace the ruckus of politics with the moralized ideology of Hindutva.

2016, Sunil Khilnani, Incarnations, Penguin, page 284:

China’s one-party meritocracy, Putin’s uncrowned czardom, the post-Arab Spring triumph of dictatorship and monarchy over religious populism in the Middle East, the Hindutva populism transforming Indian democracy — these aren’t just all indistinguishable forms of “autocracy,” but culturally distinctive developments that fit well with Huntington’s typology[…]

2022 March 30, Ross Douthat, “Yes, There Is a Clash of Civilizations”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:


pre-Abrahamic

(religion) Pertaining to the time before the arrival of Abrahamic religions.


gospel truth

en-noun

gospel truth (usually uncountable, plural gospel truths)

Most of the advice dished out is empty calories and often presented as the gospel truth. But there is no such thing as gospel truth because everyone's situation is unique and no one investment is right unless it is considered with an investment plan.

2008, Roland R. Manarin, “You and Money”, in Manarin on Money: A Real World Guide to Building and Maintaining Wealth, →ISBN, page 48:

Every reality and, above all this eternal one, is simply there, and that is all. Yet this gospel truth which God sent into the world is not just to be there, i. e., in existence; it is to save men, and thus the men it has saved, the living God's church, bear it as a pillar, yea as a foundation bears its superstructure.

2008, R. C. H. Lenski, “First Timothy 3:15, 16”, in Interpretation of St Paul's Epistles to Timothy, Titus, and Philemon, →ISBN, page 607:

(often Christianity) undeniable truth, such as that revealed by God


Hinduness

Calque of Hindi हिंदुत्व (hindutva) / Bengali হিন্দুত্ব (hindutto, literally “Hinduness”): Hindu + ness.

To stand for ‘Hinduness’, which is the soul of this nation and civilisation, was considered ‘communal’ and abused as token ‘Hindu majoritarianism’.

2019 May 23, Arun Anand, “Lesson for Rahul Gandhi in 2019: Mocking ‘Hinduness’ won’t work because India is Bharat”, in ThePrint:

It is Hinduness that has drawn the multitudes – beyond upper castes – to BJP. In its purest form, Hinduness is a dharma different from religion. […] Hinduness doesn’t deny minorities a stake in society, but seeks to empower all on merit, and delink social justice from identity.

2019 June 6, Rahul Shivshankar, “The age of Hinduness: Modi has disavowed hard Hindutva for the humanism of ‘Hinduness’”, in The Times of India:

Unlike, for example, Tilak and Aurobindo, Gandhi took great care to assure Muslims that they had nothing to fear from his Hinduness.

1999, Rajmohan Gandhi, Revenge and reconciliation: understanding South Asian history, New Delhi: Penguin Books, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 266, →ISBN:

What Param Poojya Guruji intended as the real nature of Hinduness was this fact of its being all-inclusive and all-pervasive.

2014, D. B. Thengadi, Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay: Ideology and Preception - Part 1: An Inquest, 2nd edition, New Delhi: Suruchi Prakashan, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 34, →ISBN:


Hinduness

The BJP advocates the ideology of Hindutva (or Hinduness), which insists that multireligious and multiethnic India is fundamentally a “Hindu Rashtra” (Hindu Nation).

2019 May 23, “What you need to know about India’s BJP”, in Al Jazeera:

Hindutva? Both Savarkar and Golwalkar locate the idea of Hinduness by reference to history. Even taking into account its diversity, Hinduness is rooted in Aryan civilisation and the establishment of the Vedic tradition.

2007 April 11, Katharine Adeney, Lawrence Saez, editors, Coalition Politics and Hindu Nationalism, Taylor & Francis, →ISBN, page 44, →ISBN:


Dažbog

From a Slavic language, from Proto-Slavic *Daďьbogъ.

(Slavic mythology) One of the major gods of Slavic mythology, most likely a solar deity and possibly a cultural hero.


Ōyamatsumi

Borrowed from Japanese 大山祇 (Ōyamatsumi, literally “great mountain god”).

bor

[…], this mountain was a cult site for the kami Ōmiwa Myōjin and Ōyamatsumi, and a shrine temple dedicated to these deities already existed there.

2003, Mark Teeuwen, Fabio Rambelli, Buddhas and Kami in Japan, RoutledgeCurzon, page 24:

When Saichō (767-822) established Enryakuji on Mount Hiei as his Tendai center he adopted the already enshrined kami of the cultic site, Ōmiwa Myōjin and Ōyamatsumi, as tutelary deities of the monastic center.

2008, Susan Zitterbart, Kumano Mandara: Portraits, Power, and Lineage in Medieval Japan, page 29:

[…], and ritually they create the world and beget Amaterasu, Susanoo, and Ōyamatsumi.

2009, Herman Ooms, Imperial Politics and Symbolics in Ancient Japan, University of Hawaiʻi Press, page 41:

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) A brother of Amaterasu, Tsukuyomi, Susanoo and Kagutsuchi, and an important kami in charge of the mountains and the sea. Sometimes also viewed as in charge of sake brewing and war.


jivadaya

(Hinduism, Jainism) kindness to animals (or to all living things)


Shinigami

/ˌʃɪn.ɪˈɡɑːmi/

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) The deity and/or personification of death. (Compare Izanami and Enma).


Hemerobaptist

(religion, historical) A member of an ancient religious group who repeated a baptismal (bathing) rite every day.


Hel

From Old Norse hel. Cognate with Old English hell (“hell”).

(religion, Norse mythology) The goddess of the realm of the unheroic dead, a daughter of Loki by the jotun Angrboða.

(religion, Norse mythology) The realm of the dead who did not die in combat, ruled by the goddess and located in Niflheim (one of the Nine Realms).


notarikon

Alternative form of notariqon (canonical)

From Hebrew נוטריקון, borrowed from Ancient Greek νοταρικόν (notarikón).

der

Hebrew נוטריקון

A cabalistic method of deriving a phrase from a word, using the letters of the word as initial letters of words in the sentence.


age of discretion

en-noun

age of discretion (usually uncountable, plural ages of discretion)

(Roman Catholicism) Synonym of age of reason


Horae

From the Ancient Greek Ὧραι (Hôrai, “hours; seasons”).

uder

(Greek mythology) The goddesses of the seasons and the natural portions of the times of the year, and the laws and orders of time; originally the personifications of nature in its different seasonal aspects, but in later times regarded as goddesses of order in general and of natural justice.

Ώρες

Greek goddesses of the seasons and the natural portions of time


Furies

(Greek mythology) Synonym of Erinyes; the goddesses of vengeance.


Moros

From Ancient Greek Μόρος (Móros), from Ancient Greek μόρος (móros, literally “fate, doom”).

(Greek mythology) The personification of impending doom, who drives mortals to their deadly fate


Eileithyia

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Εἰλείθυια (Eileíthuia, “the bringer or deliverer”).

bor

(Greek mythology) The goddess of childbirth and midwifery; the daughter of Zeus and Hera; the Greek counterpart of the Roman Lucina.


Charites

Borrowed from Latin Charites, from Ancient Greek Χάριτες (Khárites).

(Greek mythology) The goddesses of charm, beauty, nature, human creativity, and fertility, and the patronesses of amusement and festivities; the retinue of Aphrodite.


Wiccanist

At least, their coming out in that work would appear to establish the fact of their having been written by some Wiccanist, and Murray, we suppose, was hardly one of that tribe.

1837, Southern Literary Messenger, volume 3, page 270:

All I could come up with was trading out the word "Wiccan" for "Shinto" in the last refrain: "Hey there Mister Wiccanist! Merry Fuckin' Christmas! God is gonna kick your ass, you degenerate heathen scum

2001, Dustin Mephisto, “Re: Mithter garrithon missed one......”, in alt.religion.wicca (Usenet):

A few years ago he'd narrowly escaped death at the hands of bomb-throwing Wiccanists.

2011, Chris Moriarty, The Inquisitor's Apprentice:

(rare) An adherent of Wiccanism; a Wiccan.


Lucina

From Middle English Lucina and Lucyna, from Latin Lūcīna.

Lucina, the Sabine goddess of light, was combined with the Roman Juno, and as Juno Lucina, goddess of childbirth, she brought children into the world.

2005, Patricia Montley, chapter IL, in In Nature's Honor: Myths and Rituals Celebrating the Earth, page 5:

An epithet of the Roman goddess Juno or (less often) Diana in the role of goddess of childbirth, midwives, and newborns.

Many believe the genesis of saint Lucy can be found in the mythology of two roman deities: Lucina, goddess of birth and light, who merged with the mother goddess Juno.

2008, Laurie Sue Brockway, chapter IL, in The Goddess Pages: A Divine Guide to Finding Love and Happiness, page 184:

2014, Alison Findlay, birth, entry in Women in Shakespeare: A Dictionary, unnumbered page,
He can only pray to Lucina, goddess of childbirth and 'gentle midwife/ To those that cry at night' to speed Thaisa's delivery (Per. 3.1.10–14), and has not even time to commit her body to the sea during the storm.

A separate goddess of those fields, a daughter of Jupiter and Juno and counterpart to the Greek Eileithyia.

(astronomy) 146 Lucina, a Main Belt asteroid.


Invidia

Coordinate term: Nemesis

(Roman mythology) The Roman goddess of divine retribution and vengeance; often accompanied by the Furies/Dirae. She is the Roman counterpart of Nemesis.


Voluptas

From Latin voluptas (“Voluptuous, Pleasure, Bliss”).

uder

(Roman mythology) The Roman goddess of sensual pleasures. She is the daughter of Eros/Cupid and Psyche, and the grandaughter of Aphrodite/Venus and Ares/Mars. She is the Roman counterpart of Hedone.


Hedone

From Ancient Greek Ἡδονή (Hēdonḗ, literally “Pleasure”).

(Greek mythology) The Greek goddess of sensual pleasures. She is the daughter of Eros/Cupid and Psyche, and the grandaughter of Aphrodite/Venus and Ares/Mars. Her Roman counterpart is Voluptas.


Caelus

(Roman mythology) The personification of the sky and heavens. Either the brother-husband or son-&-husband of Terra, with whom he fathered the Titans and the Cyclops. He is the Roman counterpart of Uranus.


Kratos

From Ancient Greek Κράτος (Krátos, literally “Power, Strength”); see κράτος (krátos).

bor

(Greek mythology) The god and personification of power and strength.


Polus

(Roman mythology) The personification of the celestial axis around which the heavens revolve, and the Titan of intelligence.


Zelus

From Ancient Greek Ζῆλος (Zêlos, literally “Zeal, Dedication, Emulation”).

(Greek mythology) The god and personification of zeal.


Dirae

(Roman mythology) The goddesses of vengeance; they were also known to accompany Invidia. They are the Roman counterparts of the Furies/Erinyes.


Oneiroi

From the Ancient Greek Ὄνειροι (Óneiroi, “Dreams”).

uder

(Greek mythology) The gods and personifications of dreams; the sons of Hypnos and Pasithea, or Nyx and Erebus.


Forseti

(Norse mythology) The Æsir god of justice


Pandaisia

From Ancient Greek Πανδαισία (Pandaisía, literally “Banquet”).

(Greek mythology) One of the Charites worshipped in Athens.


Cleta

From Ancient Greek Κλήτα (Klḗta, literally “fame and glory”).

der

(Greek mythology) One of the Charites worshiped in Sparta along with Phaenna.


Antheia

From Ancient Greek Ἄνθεια (Ántheia, literally “flowers and flowery wreaths”).


Pasithea

(Greek mythology) One of the Charites. She is the wife of Hypnos.


Phaenna

From Ancient Greek φαεινος (phaeinos, literally “benevolence and gratitude”).

uder

(Greek mythology) One of the Charites worshipped in Sparta along with Cleta.


Charis

From Ancient Greek Χάρις (Kháris, literally “beauty, elegance, charm, grace”).

der

(Greek mythology) Aglaea, one of the Charites.


Pannychis

From Ancient Greek Παννυχίς (Pannukhís, literally “Festivities and Parties”).


Hegemone

From Ancient Greek Ἡγεμόνη (Hēgemónē, literally “Mastery”).

(Greek mythology) One of the Charites and a goddess of flowers and fruit, worshipped at Athens along with Auxo and Damia.


Somnus

(Roman mythology) The god and personification of sleep; the Roman counterpart of Hypnos.


Erinyes

/ɪˈɹɪniˌiːz/

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἐρῑνύες (Erīnúes, literally “Avengers”).

bor

In six of the twelve Homeric passages in which Erinys or the Erinyes are mentioned, the common denominator is a crime or insult that occurs between blood kin: The Erinyes take action when a son steals his father's concubine, a son kills his father and marries his mother, two brothers argue, a son angers his mother, a man kills his mother's brother, or a son chases his mother out of her home.

1999, Sarah Iles Johnston, Restless Dead: Encounters Between the Living and the Dead in Ancient Greece, University of California Press, page 252:

2018, Stephen Rendall (translator), Jacques Jouanna, Sophocles: A Study of His Theater in Its Political and Social Context, [2008, Jacques Jouanna, Sophocle], Princeton University Press, page 393,
First, he now envisages several Erinyes: then he designates, using a poetic metaphor already employed by Aeschylus in The Libation Bearers,¹⁵⁴ that of hunting hounds pursuing game that cannot escape them.

Apollo's help and defence of Orestes is taken by the Erinyes as a threat to their own honour and to the perpetuation of their ancient privilege to pursue murderers (169–74).

2020, Bridget Martin, Harmful Interaction between the Living and the Dead in Greek Tragedy, Liverpool University Press, page 161:

(Greek mythology) The Furies; the goddesses of vengeance against serious moral offence (such as oath-breaking), latterly known as protectors of Athens, of pre-Olympian origin and variously described as having sprung from the spilled blood of Uranus or as daughters of Nyx; identified with the Roman Dirae.

Érinyes

Greek goddesses of vengeance — see also Furies


Paidia

Borrowed from Ancient Greek παιδιά (paidiá, “childish play, amusement”), from παῖς (paîs, “child”).


Auxo

From Ancient Greek Αὔξω (Aúxō), related to αὐξάνω (auxánō, “to increase”).

(Greek mythology) One of the Horae, and the goddess and personification of the season of Summer; she is the protector of vegetation and plants, and growth and fertility.


Bia

From Ancient Greek Βία (Bía, literally “Force”).

der

(Greek mythology) The goddess and personification of force.


Eudaimonia

/ˌjuːdɪˈməʊnɪə/

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek εὐδαιμονίᾱ (eudaimoníā, literally “happiness, well-being”).


prayer wheel

(Buddhism) A rotating cylinder either inscribed with or containing prayers, mainly used by Tibetan Buddhists.


Phantasos

From the Ancient Greek Φάντασος (Phántasos, “Apparition”).

uder

(Greek mythology) The god and personification of inanimate objects in prophetic dreams; the son of Hypnos and Pasithea, or Nyx and Erebus.


Peitho

From Ancient Greek Πειθώ (Peithṓ, “Charming Speech, Persuasion”).

(Greek mythology) One of the Charites and a consort of Hermes.


Eid al-Ghadeer

From Arabic عِيد الْغَدِير (ʕīd al-ḡadīr, literally “feast of the pond”).

bor

عِيد الْغَدِير

(Islam) An Islamic festival that marks the nomination of Ali as the successor of Mohammed.


sunnah

en-noun

sunnah (countable and uncountable, plural sunnahs)

Borrowed from Arabic سُنَّة (sunna, “habit, custom”).

(Islam) (An example of) Muhammad's way of life, as recorded in the hadiths, especially when viewed as a model for Muslims to emulate.


Tisiphone

From Ancient Greek Τῑσιφόνη (Tīsiphónē, literally “Avenging Murder”).

bor

(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) One of the Erinyes/Dirae (Furies, the goddesses of vengeance), and a companion of Nemesis/Invidia.


Alecto

From Ancient Greek Ἀληκτώ (Alēktṓ, literally “Unceasing (Anger)”).

(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) One of the Furies.


book of shadows

en-noun

book of shadows (plural books of shadows)

The true origins of his book of shadows have been disputed for decades. It is unlikely that such books existed in earlier times, as folk magic generally was passed orally through the generations.

2008, Rosemary Guiley, The Encyclopedia of Witches, Witchcraft and Wicca, →ISBN, page 36:

(uncommon) Alternative letter-case form of Book of Shadows


Alpheus

From Ancient Greek Ἀλφειός (Alpheiós, literally “Whitish”).

uder

(Greek mythology) The god or personification of the river Alpheus.


BS"D

בס״ד בס״ד#Hebrew

(Judaism) besiyata dishmaya (Transliterated form of בס״ד, written at the top of documents).


B"H

(Judaism) b'ezrat hashem (Transliterated form of ב״ה, written at the top of documents).


vexillolatry

Beginning when I was about twelve, I railed, silently, against having to begin school each day by reciting the Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag, with right hand over heart, if you can imagine such shameless vexillolatry.

2000, Douglas Fethering, Travels by Night, →ISBN, pages 42–43:

(theology) The worship of a flag or flags.


Santa Muerte

Unadapted borrowing from Spanish Santa Muerte (literally “Holy Death”).

ubor

A female folk saint venerated primarily in Mexico and among Mexican-Americans in the United States. A personification of death, also associated with healing, protection, and safe delivery to the afterlife.


agent general

From agent + general, after French agent général, Italian agente generale.

agent général

representative of organisation, country etc.

Appointed in 1780 to the position of agent-general of the clergy, he determined at once to make the most of the appointment.

1932, Duff Cooper, Talleyrand, Folio Society, published 2010, page 15:

(now rare) Someone acting as the representative of an organisation, country etc.

(historical, religion) An ecclesiastic elected to manage accounting and other matters for the Church of France.


Xuanwu

From the pinyin romanization of Mandarin Chinese 玄武 (Xuánwǔ, literally “Dark Warrior”).


Chrismukkah

Blend of Christmas + Hannukah, popularized by the US television series The O.C. in the 2000s. A similar formation can be found in German Weihnukka (from Weihnachten (“Christmas”)), and compare also Dutch Chanoeklaas, a merger of Hanukkah and the Dutch winter holiday of Sinterklaas which similarly involvies gift-giving.

Kimberly Duran of DallasNews.com, for example, referenced restaurants that served Chrismukkah foods in 2005 when Hanukkah and Christmas coincided.

2012, Joshua Eli Plaut, A Kosher Christmas: 'Tis the Season to be Jewish, page 147:

(neologism) The merged holiday of Christmas and Hanukkah.


Podaleirios

From Ancient Greek Ποδαλείριος (Podaleírios).

(Greek mythology) A healer and a son of Asclepius and Epione.


Alexiares

From Ancient Greek Ἀλεξιάρης (Alexiárēs, literally “Warding-Off-War”), from ἀλέξω (aléxō, “I defend (against)”) + Ἄρης (Árēs, “War”).

com

(Greek mythology) One of the twin sons of Heracles and Hebe, guardian, along with his twin Anicetus and his father, of the gates of Mount Olympus.


Iaso

From Ancient Greek Ἰασώ (Iasṓ), from ἴασις (íasis, “healing, recovering, recuperation”).

(Greek mythology) The goddess and personification of recuperation. She is a daughter of Asclepius and Epione.


Aceso

(Greek mythology) A goddess and personification of the healing process, daughter of Asclepius.


Telesphoros

From Ancient Greek Τελεσφόρος (Telesphóros, literally “Bringer of Completion”).

uder

(Greek mythology) A god/personification of recuperation from illness or injury. He is a healer and a son of Asclepius and Epione.


Meditrina

From Latin medica (“health, longevity”).

(Roman mythology) The goddess/personification of health and longevity. She is a daughter of Aesculapius and Epione.


Anicetus

From Ancient Greek Ἀνίκητος (Aníkētos, literally “Unconquerable”).

bor

(Greek mythology) One of the twin sons of Heracles and Hebe, his twin brother is Alexiares. Along with their father, Anicetus and Alexiares are the guardians and gatekeepers of the gates of Mount Olympus.


Aratus

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἄρᾱτος (Árātos, literally “the one prayed for”).

(Greek mythology) A healer and a son of Asclepius and his lover, Aristodama, and the paternal halfbrother of Aceso, Aglaea, Hygieia, Iaso, Meditrina, Panacea, Machaon, Podaleirios, Telesphoros.


lost soul

eksynyt sielu

a person lacking direction or motivation in life

"Well, I won't repeat my offer of a wife: it is as bad as offering Satan a lost soul."

1847, Emily Brontë, chapter 11, in Wuthering Heights:

St. Malo, seized with pity for the lost soul of the heathen, opens the mound and raises the dead to life.

1869, Charles Kingsley, chapter 11, in The Hermits:

(set phrase, religion) A soul that is destined to go to hell; a person possessing such a soul.


Thallo

From Ancient Greek Θαλλω (Thallō, literally “New-Shoots, Blooming”).

uder

(Greek mythology) One of the Horae, and the goddess and personification of the season of Spring; she is the protector of new growth.


Eirene

From Ancient Greek Εἰρήνη (Eirḗnē, literally “Peace”).

(Greek mythology) The goddess/personification of peace and one of the Horae. She is a daughter of Zeus and Themis, and her sisters are Dike and Eunomia. Her Roman counterpart is Pax.


Carpo

From Ancient Greek Καρπώ (Karpṓ) from καρπόω (karpóō, “bear fruit; reap or enjoy fruit”).

(Greek mythology) One of the Horae, goddess/personification of Autumn and of harvest time.


Justitia

Translingual: Justitia

From Latin iustitia (“Justice”). Doublet of justice.

(Roman mythology) One of the Horae, she is the goddess of justice. She is the daughter of Jupiter and Themis; her sisters are Pax and Eunomia. She is the Roman counterpart of Dike.


satispassion

From Latin satispassiō, a compound of satis (“enough”) and passio (“suffering, or sufferance”). Compare passion.

This, this is the great "with us;" […] "with us" in all the virtues and merits of His life; "with us" in the satisfaction and satispassion (both) of His death; […]

1615 January 4 (Gregorian calendar), Lancelot Andrewes, “A Sermon Preached before the King’s Majesty, at Whitehall, on Sunday, the Twenty-fifth of December, A.D. MDCXIV. being Christmas-Day”, in J[ohn] P[osthumous] W[ilson], editor, Ninety-six Sermons […], volume I, Oxford, Oxfordshire: John Henry Parker, published 1841, →OCLC, page 147:

He muſt pay to Gods juſtice the temporal Puniſhment which he ows, and this is don either by Satispaſsion ſuffering the pains of Purgatorie for a certain time; or by the ſuffrages and penal works of the Living which they apply to him; or by Indulgence, applying from the treaſure of the Church, that’s of the ſuperabundant Satisfaction of Chriſt and his Saints, as much as will anſwer to the pains which they are to ſuffer there.

1678, Ignatius Brown, An Vnerrable Church or None, Being a Rejoynder to the Vnerring, Vnerrable Church: Againſt Dʳ Andrew Sall’s Repley entituled The Catholic Apoſtolic Church of England. Written by J. S. and dedicated to the moſt illuſtrious Prince, James Duke of Ormond, &c., chapter XX: “Purgatorie and Indulgences”, page 311

This [reparation for sin] may be made…by satispassion, or sufferings simply endured.

1890, Walter John Bruce Richards, A Catechism on Indulgences, Burns & Oates, page 8

Like His satispassion, so His satisfaction embraces the whole earthly career of the Saviour.

1897, A Catholic Dictionary, 5th edition, Redemption:

(theology) Atonement by suffering to an adequate degree.

satispassiō

atonement by suffering to an adequate degree


Core

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek κόρη (kórē, “maiden”).

lbor

(Greek mythology) The birth name of Persephone/Proserpina, the queen of the Underworld/Hades, and goddess of the seasons and of vegetation. She is the daughter of Zeus and Demeter, and the wife of Hades.


Lord's Resistance Army

Democratic Republic of the Congo
Democratic Republic of the Congo

A Christian fundamentalist group in northern Uganda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo which aims to establish a theocracy based on the Ten Commandments.


baleboste

Borrowed from Yiddish בעל־הביתטע (baleboste), feminine form of בעל־הבית (balebos), from Hebrew בַּעַל הַבַּיִת (bá'al habáyit, “master of the house”).

der

בַּעַל הַבַּיִת

(Judaism) ideal housewife, homemaker, hostess


balabos

One cloth merchant, one of the more important balabatim in the city, lost almost all of his possessions and declared bankruptcy. With a heavy heart, he decided to go to the head of the city, Rabbi Yosef, and ask for a loan of several hundred rubles so he could repay his debts.

2000, Jason Aronson, “What Made Rabbi Yitzhak Change His Behavior”, in Stories within Stories: From the Jewish Oral Tradition, →ISBN, page 320:

In the United States and Israel, however, insiders view one who leaves the yeshiva or kollel for outside employment and thus becomes a balabos, a lay householder, as a flop. He has, after all, abandoned eternity, a life of the spirit, for everyday work. Every yeshiva student I spoke to expressed this “fear” of ending up a balabos.

2004, Martin E. Marty, R. Scott Appleby, “By Torah Alone: Yeshiva Fundamentalism in Jewish Life”, in Accounting for Fundamentalisms: The Dynamic Character of Movements, →ISBN, page 249:

I once knew a balabos who was a very fine person. He came to me at a time when we didn't have a mikveh or a yeshivah in our community. He said to me, “Rabbi, there is one thing that this place is missing in order for it to be a top-notch Torah community. […] A first-class, elegant glatt kosher French restaurant.”

2007, Rabbi Zev Leff, “Glatt Kosher Goyishkeit”, in Torah Talks: 25 Leaders and Educators Talk about the Power of Torah in Our Lives, →ISBN, page 230:

(Judaism) Alternative spelling of balebos


balebos

Borrowed from Yiddish בעל־הבית (balebos), from Hebrew בַּעַל הַבַּיִת (bá'al habáyit, “master of the house”).

בַּעַל הַבַּיִת

(Judaism) Master of the house, head of the household, host.

(Judaism, by extension) Boss, person in charge (of anything).

An annual custom that lasted for many years involved a celebration of the eight days of Chanukah for all of the balebatim. Every evening was hosted by a different balebos and there was a lavish feast.

2008, Joseph Margoshes, “Reb Vovtshi's Kloyz”, in A World Apart: A Memoir of Jewish Life in Nineteenth Century Galicia, →ISBN, page 51:

The rabbi, whom I met and then overheard at a kiddush after shul, was going over his sermon with some of the balebatim, […].

1996, Jonathan Boyarin, “My Trip to Israel, Continued”, in Palestine and Jewish History: Criticism at the Borders of Ethnography, →ISBN, page 153:

(Judaism) Layman, congregant, non-clergy.


Koran thumper

From Koran + thumper, modelled on Bible thumper.

[…] but for all intents and purposes he's nothing more than a Koran thumper, a zealot.

2011, Brad Thor, Brad Thor Collectors' Edition #2, link:

I ain't no Bible thumper. Ain't no Koran thumper either.

2011, Doug Crandall, All the Good Books Tell You So, →ISBN, page 76:

In each cellblock, there are sixty-four two-man cells. Here you find all types—from the atheist, the Bible thumper, the Koran thumper, the Buddhist, the con artist, to the certifiably insane.

2014, Mark Crawford, A Poet Dreams, →ISBN, page 11:

(derogatory) A Muslim fundamentalist, or a zealous Muslim.


Mahdavia

An Islamic sect that considers Muhammad Jaunpuri to have been the Mahdi.


genius hominis

A borrowing of Latin genius hominis (“tutelary deity of a person”), from the nominative possessive form of homo (“person”).

bor

The tutelary deity or spirit watching over a particular person.

guardian angel

as a benevolent spirit in monotheistic contexts


actual sin

(theology) Sin committed by an individual, in contradistinction to original sin.


preaching cross

en-noun

preaching cross (plural preaching crosses)

In the churchyard stands a rare 14th-century preaching cross.

1980, AA Book of British Villages, Drive Publications Ltd, page 73:

A cross, sometimes surmounting a pulpit, erected outdoors to designate a preaching place.


High Churchman

First attested in the 17th century, originally in sense 2, with high meaning “extreme”. Compare High Tory.

Nothing riled English high churchmen more than the phrase Protestant church. It seemed to lump them with Germans against miracle or Swiss against Trinity or ranters against decorum.

1966, Owen Chadwick, The Victorian Church, volume 1, page 174:

High Churchmen were not beyond praying for the dead; and the stories collected in Boswell's Johnson show that the possibility of ghosts was a reality in the eighteenth century for many educated men […].

1971, Keith Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic, Folio Society, published 2012, page 571:

(Anglicanism) A member of the Church of England who prioritises those aspects of Anglicanism which distinguish it from Calvinism and other Protestant denominations, and which it has in common with Catholicism, especially the authority of the priesthood and the importance of church ritual.


minster house

The official house in which the canons of a cathedral live in common or in rotation.


fence the tables

en-verb

fence the tables (third-person singular simple present fences the tables, present participle fencing the tables, simple past and past participle fenced the tables)

fences the tables (present singular third-person)
fencing the tables (participle present)
fenced the tables (participle past)
fenced the tables (past)

January 19 1840, Robert Murray M'Cheyne, Memoirs
Felt great help in fencing the tables

To be the bride of Christ was the thought that filled her heart; and when, at the fencing of the table, Dr. Chrystal preached from Matthew nine and fifteen, 'Can the children of the bridechamber mourn as long as the bridegroom is with them?' it was remarked by sundry that Ailie's face was liker the countenance of an angel than of a mortal lass.

1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide:

(Scotland, Christianity, historical, idiomatic) To make a solemn address to those who present themselves to commune at the Lord's Supper, on the feelings appropriate to the service, in order to hinder, so far as possible, those who are unworthy from approaching the table.


Corpus Christi

(Christianity) A feast day in honor of the Eucharist, observed by Roman Catholics and high-church Anglicans on the Thursday after Trinity Sunday.


burning bush

(Judaism, Christianity) A biblical object described in Exodus 3:1-22, used by Yahweh to communicate with Moses.


Clean Monday

From the Old Testament reading at sext on this day, Isaiah 1:16, “Wash you, make you clean; put away the evil of your doings from before mine eyes; cease to do evil...”

Clean Monday, a holiday in Greece, marks the start of the Lenten season.

2010 February 10, New York Times, page D5:

(Christianity) The seventh Monday before Easter, (Eastern Christianity) traditionally regarded as the beginning of Lent


Tijani

(Islam) A member of the Tijaniyyah, a subgroup of Sufi Muslims.


Ashrafi

A member of a particular Sufi Muslim order.


Mevlevi

(Islam) A Sufi Muslim who styles themselves after the Sufi mystic Rumi.


diriment impediment

en-noun

diriment impediment (plural diriment impediments)

(Roman Catholicism) An impediment that nullifies marriage.


Qadiani

en-adj

Qadiani (comparative more Qadiani, superlative most Qadiani)

more Qadiani (comparative)
most Qadiani (superlative)

From Urdu قادیانی (qādiyānī); which means "of Qadian" from Qadian, a town in Punjab, India; the location in which the movement began.

(Islam, derogatory) Belonging to the Ahmadiyya movement.


Qadiani

(Islam) A follower of the Ahmadiyya movement.


Lahori

From Punjabi لَہَوری (lahaurī); which means "of Lahore" from Lahore, a city in Punjab, Pakistan.

(Ahmadiyya) An Ahmadi who views Mirza Ghulam Ahmad as a reformer rather than as a prophet.


Chishti

From Classical Persian چشتی (cištī); which means "of Chisht" from Chisht, a town in Herat, Afghanistan; the location in which the order began.

(Islam) A member of a major Sunni spiritual order of Sufism.


Naqshbandi

Naqshbandi (comparative more Naqshbandi, superlative most Naqshbandi)

more Naqshbandi (comparative)
most Naqshbandi (superlative)

From Persian نقشبندی (naqšbandi), from نقشبند (naqšband, “[Baha' al-Din] Naqshband”) + ـی (-i).

Of or relating to Baha' al-Din Naqshband, founder of one of the largest Sunni Sufi orders.


alien priory

Coordinate term: alien prior

The Plantagenet Kings[…]boldly seized the revenues of these Alien Priories in time of war between England and France.

1897, Edward Hungerford Goddard, The Wiltshire archaeological and natural history magazine:

Velemont, a Benedictine abbey, founded in 1169. Annual income ten thouſand livres. At Stratfield-Say, in Berkſhire, was an alien priory belonging to this abbey.

1779, The Critical Review: Or, Annals of Literature:

(historical, Christianity) A small religious establishment under the control of a larger monastery in another country.


didukh

Borrowed from Ukrainian діду́х (didúx, “grandfather spirit”).

bor

Before the meal begins the head of the household brings in a sheaf of wheat called the Didukh (from grandfather), a symbol of good harvest, which is usually placed in front of an icon.

1994, Jo Marie Powers, “Ukrainian-Canadian Breads: Shape, Symbolism and Spirituality”, in Harlan Walker, editor, Look and Feel: Studies in Texture, Appearance and Incidental Characteristics of Food, page 150:

The didukh is a sheaf of grain made from the best wheat or grain of the field. It is decorated with flowers, ribbons, a small wreath of sweet basil and other herbs, or an embroidered towel. At Christmas, the didukh is carried into the home amid traditional greetings of "Christ is born!"

1997, Ann Ball, Catholic Traditions in the Garden, page 79:

The spirits of all family members, living and dead, are believed to reside in the didukh, which also symbolizes eternal life through Christ, the fertility of the land, and bread as the staff of life.

2013, William D. Crump, The Christmas Encyclopedia, 3rd edition, Ukraine, page 420:

A Ukrainian Christmas decoration representing an offering of the best of the harvest, and consisting of wheat ears or stalks tied up with colorful threads.

дзіду́х

a Ukrainian Christmas sheaf of wheat used in rituals around Christmas and Epiphany traditionally believed to contain ancestor spirits


troper

(Christianity) A book of tropes (phrases or verses added to the Mass when sung by a choir).


little hour

[…] the principal collect was said at Terce and at the little hour immediately preceding the High Mass […]

1932, The Monastic Breviary of Hyde Abbey, Winchester, volume 6, page 205:

(Christianity) One of the canonical hours of prime, terce, sext, nones, and usually compline, the services of which are shorter and considered less important than the three major hours of matins, lauds, and vespers.


Idren

(Rastafari) One's peers, or spiritual brothers and sisters.


itinually

(Rastafari) continually; perpetually; always


Inity

Blend of I + unity, replacing the you sound.


livication

en-noun

livication (countable and uncountable, plural livications)

Blend of live + dedication, as if the latter began with dead.


downpression

downpression (usually uncountable, plural downpressions)

Blend of down + oppression; see downpressor.

The downpression of native people is linked to the subjugation and exploitation of the Earth.

1983, Winona LaDuke, “They Always Come Back”, in Beth Brant, editor, A Gathering of Spirits, page 54:

Rastaman don’t deal with negativity so oppression is now downpression even though there is no up in the word.

2014, Marlon James, A Brief History of Seven Killings, Oneworld Publications (2015), page 156:


midnight mass

midnight mass (countable and uncountable, plural midnight masses)

(in particular) A Roman Catholic religious service that marks the beginning of Christmas Day.


Quakeristic

en-adj

Quakeristic (comparative more Quakeristic, superlative most Quakeristic)

more Quakeristic (comparative)
most Quakeristic (superlative)


tirtha

(Hinduism, Jainism) A site of pilgrimage.


Nirankari

Borrowed from Punjabi ਨਿਰੰਕਾਰੀ (niraṅkārī).


takaful

A cooperative system of reimbursement in case of loss; a sort of Islamic form of insurance.


Jerem.

Compare Zephan. i. 4, 5. 9. with Jerem. ii. 5. 20. 32.

1826, George Townsend (editor), The Old Testament: Arranged in Historical & Chronological Order II (second edition), Sixth Period, chapter xvi, page 445


2 Joh.

2 Joh. ver. 3. Grace be with you, Mercy and Peace from God the Father, and from the Lord Jeſus Chriſt, the Son of the Father.

1722, Francis Fox, editor, The New Teſtament, with References under the Text in Words at length; ſo that the parallel Texts may be ſeen at one View, volume II (second edition, 1748), Romans I.7, page 593, footnote m, column 1, lines 14-17:

(biblical, rare) Abbreviation of 2 John.


Joh.

Luk. 10. 5. Into whatſoever Houſe ye enter, firſt ſay, Peace be to this Houſe. Joh. 14. 27. Peace I leave with you, my Peace I give unto you. Joh. 20. 19. — The firſt Day of the Week, — came Jeſus, and ſtood in the midſt, and ſaith unto them, Peace be unto you.

1722, Francis Fox, editor, The New Teſtament, with References under the Text in Words at length; ſo that the parallel Texts may be ſeen at one View, volume II (second edition, 1748), Romans I.7, page 593, footnote n, column 1, lines 20-28:

(biblical, rare) Abbreviation of John (Gospel of John).


Gihon

From Biblical Hebrew גִּיחוֹן (Giḥôn). Doublet of Jayhoun.

(Abrahamism) A river issuing out of the Garden of Eden.


Holy Cross

From Middle English Holy Crosse, equivalent to holy + cross.

(Christianity) The historical cross on which Christ died.


karpas

Borrowed from Hebrew כַּרְפַּס (karpás).

She had looked at the girl as she took the karpas and when her face changed she thought it must be the bitterness.

1985, Peter Carey, Illywhacker, Faber and Faber, published 2003, page 243:

(Judaism) A traditional ritual dish eaten at Passover, consisting of a vegetable (typically celery or parsley) dipped in salt water or other liquid.


Luc.

Probably abbreviating the Latin Lūcās (“Luke the Evangelist; by extension, [Gospel of] Luke”).

uder

Luke the Evangelist; by extension, 􂀿Gospel of􂁀 Luke

ἄβυσσος Luc. 8, 31. Rom. 10, 7. Apoc. 9, 1. 2. 11. 11, 7. 17, 8. 20, 1. 3.

1837, Edward Cardwell, Ἡ Καινή Διαθήκη – The New Testament in Greek and English; with a Marginal Harmony, References to Parallel Passages, a Concordance of Words, and a Graduated Collection of Various Readings, volume II: The Epistles and the Apocalypse, Oxford University Press, concordance of words, “ἄβυσσος”

(rare biblical abbreviation) Luke (Gospel of Luke)


Matth.

A convergent abbreviation of the English Matthew and of its Latin equivalent Matthaeus.

“Augustine observes how those who are addressed here as ‘being evil,’ are the very same into whose mouths but just now the Lord has put that word, ‘Our Father;’ to whom he has made the promise ‘Ask and it shall be given you;’ so that every faithful, i. e., believing man, has a double aspect, he is ‘evil’ through his old nature, he is good through participation with him who is the highest good, who is in some sense the alone good (Matth. xix. 17), the good in himself, and altogether good, while others are good through him, and only as they are sharers of his life.[”]

1846, Richard Trench, Christ the Desire of All Nations, quoted in: John Brown, Discourses and Sayings of Our Lord Jesus Christ: Illustrated in a Series of Expositions (second edition, 1854), volume I, exposition iv: “The Sermon on the Mount”, note i: ‘Reference of the word πονηροὶ, Matth. vii. 11, Trench’, page 305

(biblical abbreviation) Matthew (Gospel of Matthew)


Zerubbabel

Borrowed from Hebrew זרובבל / זְרֻבָּבֶל (Zərubbāḇél).

he-m

זרובבל / זְרֻבָּבֶל (Zərubbāḇél)

(biblical) a governor of the Persian Province of Judah, who led the first group of Jews returned from the Babylonian Captivity.


Lehi

(Mormonism) A prophet in the Book of Mormon, the father of Laman, Lemuel, Nephi, Sam, Jacob, and Joseph.


Nephi

(Mormonism) A prophet in the Book of Mormon, the son of Lehi and the author of 1 Nephi and parts of 2 Nephi.


iddah

(Islam) The period for which a woman must wait after the death of her spouse, or after a divorce, before she can remarry.


Palo

(religion) an Afro-Cuban syncretic religion.


Keres

From Ancient Greek Κῆρες (Kêres, literally “Death Spirits, Doom, Heart”).

der

(Greek mythology) The goddesses of death, specifically cruel and violent deaths, including death in battle, by accident, murder or ravaging disease. They numbered in the thousands and were the daughters of Nyx and Erebus, and the sisters of Thanatos and Hypnos. Their Roman counterparts were the Letum or the Tenebrae.


Nikonian

(religion) A follower of the main current of the Russian Orthodox Church, which accepted the reforms undertaken during the reign of Patriarch Nikon.


Old Believer

(religion) Any of those who separated from the official Russian Orthodox Church after 1666 as a protest against the church reforms introduced by Patriarch Nikon between 1652 and 1666. They continue liturgical and ritual practices which predate the reforms.

старавер

believer in Russian Orthodoxy as it was before the church reforms


madhhab

Transliteration of Arabic مَذْهَب (maḏhab, “way of going off; doctrine, school”).

translit

Now some ignorant people claim that they have reached the grade of absolute ijtihâd, that they can draw rules from the Nass and that they no longer need to follow one of the four madhhabs, and they abandon the madhhab they have followed for years.

2016, Mawlana Khalid Baghdadi, Belief and Islam: I'tiqad-Nama, page 55:

A school of thought in Islamic jurisprudence.

مَذْهَب

a school of thought in Islamic jurisprudence


Musubi no Kami

(pop culture) The Japanese god of matchmaking, love and marriage.


Five Pillars

(Islam) Five fundamental devotional practices of Islam, considered to be obligatory for all Muslims to follow; namely: declaration of faith in Allah (shahada), five daily prayers (salah), almsgiving (zakat), fasting (saum), and pilgrimage to Mecca (hajj).

五功

Five fundamental devotional duties of Islam


Seal of the Prophets

Calque of Arabic خَاتَم النَّبِيِّينَ (ḵātam an-nabiyyīna).

calque

خَاتَم النَّبِيِّينَ


mosque affiliation

en-noun

mosque affiliation (plural mosque affiliations)

(Islam) The Islamic denomination a Muslim has joined or supports.


peace be upon him

Calque of Arabic عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَامُ (ʕalayhi s-salāmu, “peace be upon him”)

calque

عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَامُ

Peace be upon him
Peace be upon him in Judaism

Jesus, peace be upon him, travelled to […]

(Islam) an honorific phrase used by Muslims after any mention in speech or print of holy persons

Таңара кинини алҕаатын уонна айхаллаатын

Guds frid och välsignelser vare med honom

(Judaism) an honorific phrase used by some Jews after mentioning the deceased in speech or print


unipersonalism

(theology) Belief in unipersonality of a deity.


ghair muqallid

Borrowed from Arabic غَيْر مُقَلِّد (ḡayr muqallid).

bor+

غَيْر مُقَلِّد

nondenominational Muslim; without taqlid


takfirism

(Islam) The practice of excommunicating other Muslims.


Bohra

(Islam) A member of a particular Sevener Shi'ite denomination.


prajna

/ˈpɹɑːd͡ʒnə/

(Buddhism) Wisdom; understanding; insight.

ပညာ

(Buddhism) wisdom; understanding; insight


shintai

Borrowed from Japanese 神体(しんたい) (shintai).

(Shinto) A physical object (either natural or man-made) worshipped at or near Shinto shrines as a repository for spirits or kami.


prajnaparamita

Borrowed from Sanskrit प्रज्ञापारमिता (prajñāpāramitā).

bor

प्रज्ञापारमिता

(Buddhism) A central concept in Mahayana Buddhism, suggesting that all things appear as thoughtforms (conceptual constructs).


ISIL

An acronym of one English translation of one of the group's Arabic-language names, الدَّوْلَة الْإِسْلَامِيَّة فِي الْعِرَاق وَالشَّام (ad-dawla l-ʔislāmiyya fī l-ʕirāq wa-š-šām, literally “the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant”). Compare ISIS, which translates الشَّام (aš-šām) as “Syria” rather than “the Levant”.


place of worship

en-noun

place of worship (plural places of worship)

From Middle English place of worship, place of wurschip.

A place, usually a building such as a church, mosque, synagogue or temple where believers can practise their faith.

aanbiddingsplek

place where people can practise their faith


ISIS

An acronym of one English translation of one of the group's Arabic-language names, الدَّوْلَة الْإِسْلَامِيَّة فِي الْعِرَاق وَٱلشَّام (ad-dawla l-ʔislāmiyya fī l-ʕirāq wa-š-šām, literally “the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria”). Compare ISIL, which translates الشَّام (aš-šām) as “the Levant” rather than “Syria”.

A Salafist group active in Libya, Nigeria, Iraq and Syria, where it has proclaimed an (unrecognized) state.

ad-dawla al-ʔislāmiyya fī l-ʕirāq wa-š-šām

ΙΚΙΣ

Ισλαμικό Κράτος στο Ιράκ και την Συρία (Islamikó Krátos sto Irák kai tin Syría)


Favonius

(Roman mythology) The god of the west wind. He is also the husband of Flora and the father of Karpos. He is the Roman counterpart of Zephyrus.


Chloris

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Χλωρίς (Khlōrís, literally “Greenfinch”), from χλωρός (khlōrós, “greenish-yellow, pale green”).

bor

(Greek mythology) A nymph and the goddess of flowers and spring. She is a daughter of Oceanus and Tethys, the wife of Zephyrus, and mother of Karpos. Her Roman counterpart is Flora.


F.T.

(Islam) Initialism of Final Testament (Quran)


Karpos

From Ancient Greek καρπός (karpós, literally “Fruit”).

(Greek mythology) A god/personification of fruit.


Word of God

From Middle English worde of god, wurde of god, variant of Middle English godes word, Godes word (“Word of God”, literally “God's word”), from Old English Godes word (“Word of God”). Compare West Frisian Wurd fan God, Dutch Woord van God.

In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, John 1:1:

(Christianity) The Logos, or God the Son.


Alala

From Ancient Greek Ἀλαλά (Alalá), from Ancient Greek ἀλαλή (alalḗ, literally “loud cry, war cry”).

uder

(Greek mythology) A goddess, personification of the war cry/battle cry


Farewell Sermon

Calque of Arabic خُطْبَة الْوَدَاع (ḵuṭba(t) al-wadāʕ)

calque

خُطْبَة الْوَدَاع

(Islam) A sermon given by Muhammad in 632 on Mount Arafat.


suppressive person

en-noun

suppressive person (plural suppressive persons or suppressive people)

suppressive persons (plural)
suppressive people (plural)

(Scientology) A person who is seen in Scientology as having an "antisocial" personality, due to leaving the Church or other causes.


Glaucus

From Ancient Greek Γλαῦκος (Glaûkos, from γλαυκός (glaukós, literally “greyish-blue, bluish-green, glimmering”)).

der

from <i class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">γλαυκός</i> (glaukós, literally “greyish-blue, bluish-green, glimmering”)

(Greek mythology) A Greek prophetic sea-god, born mortal and turned immortal upon eating a magical herb. It was believed that he commonly came to the rescue of sailors and fishermen in storms, having once been one himself.

(Greek mythology) A mythical Lycian soldier and captain in the Trojan War.

(Greek mythology) Son of Sisyphus, and a mythical Corinthian king.

(Greek mythology) one of the sons of Priam.

(Greek mythology) One of the twelve younger Panes.