Chronicles

(biblical) A book of the Jewish Tanakh, divided into two Books of Chronicles in the Christian Bible.


high priest

Hogepriester

Bible: male person responsible for making the annual sacrifice

(religion) A clergyman with a higher function than a normal priest.

abbot

leader of a Christian or Buddhist monastery

godi

high priest in some Asatru or Germanic neopagan groups

volkhv

high priest in some Slavic neopagan temples

Jake was ordained a high priest when he was called to be a counselor in a bishopric.

(Mormonism) The second-lowest office in the Melchizedek priesthood.

(Wicca) A second or third degree male witch in Wicca.


Ecclesiastes

From Latin Ecclesiastes, from Ancient Greek Ἐκκλησιαστής (Ekklēsiastḗs) according to the Septuagint. The Greek word is a loan translation of Hebrew קֹהֶלֶת, from Hebrew קָהָל.

der

Ἐκκλησιαστής

bor

Hebrew קֹהֶלֶת

(biblical) A book in the Old Testament of the Bible.


altar boy

A boy serving as an acolyte in certain forms of Christianity.


kere

(Judaism) A reading that in the traditional Jewish mode of reading the Hebrew Bible is substituted for one actually standing in the consonantal text with the consonants of the word or phrase to be read being usually given in the margin and the vowel points if the text is vocalized being inserted in the text.


sacellum

(historical) In Ancient Rome, a shrine open to the sky, sometimes used for sacrificial purposes, or in honor of the divine.


pneuma

From Ancient Greek πνεῦμα (pneûma, “wind, breath, spirit”), from πνέω (pnéō, “I blow, breathe”). Doublet of neume.

(Gnosticism) One of three levels of a human being, the spirit, along with the body and soul.


ghostbuster

From ghost + buster, popularized by the 1984 film Ghostbusters.

Someone who purports to rid a place of ghosts.


pralaya

(Indian mythology) destruction, apocalypse


Havdalah

From Hebrew הבדלה (havdalá, “havdalah”, literally “separation”).

(Judaism) The Jewish ceremony, involving a candle, wine and spices, that concludes the Sabbath or other holy days.


Hashem

From Hebrew הַשֵּׁם (hashém, literally “the name”), likely via Yiddish השם (hashem).

der

A name used by many Jews in ordinary conversation to refer to God.


ashram

The entire ashram was excited.

In our broken culture those who have experienced the training of the yogic ashram are often woefully ignorant in the ways of the university, and vice versa.

1981, William Irwin Thompson, The Time Falling Bodies Take to Light: Mythology, Sexuality and the Origins of Culture, London: Rider/Hutchinson & Co., page 219:

(Hinduism) A secluded religious hermitage inhabited by gurus, or the population of such a hermitage.

Aschram

a secluded religious hermitage inhabited by gurus


Nehemiah

From Hebrew נְחֶמְיָה (“consolation of Yahweh”).

Nehemiah stood firm by rejecting the imaginative and wicked spin the enemies put on reality and persisted in what God had called him to do. Then he prayed that, rather than his hands dropping from the work, God would strengthen them in...[…]

2014 June 1, James M. Hamilton, Jr., Exalting Jesus in Ezra-Nehemiah (Christ-Centered Exposition Commentary), B&H Publishing Group, →ISBN, →OCLC:

(biblical) A governor of Judea who was, according to the Tanakh, sent by the king of Persia to rebuild the walls of Jerusalem.


Isaiah

From Ancient Greek Ἠσαΐας (Ēsaḯas) from Hebrew יְשַׁעְיָהוּ (yəšaʿyā́hū).

יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Hebrew יְשַׁעְיָהוּ (yəšaʿyā́hū)

(Abrahamism, biblical) A prophet, the author of the Book of Isaiah.


Bethany

Bethany (disambiguation)
Bethany#Bethany
en:Bethany

From Ancient Greek Βηθανία (Bēthanía), from Aramaic בית עניא (beth anya, “house of wretchedness”). This etymology is highly disputed; see Bethany.

(biblical) The village where Jesus stayed before going to Jerusalem and being crucified.

Now a certain man was sick, named Lazarus, of Bethany, the town of Mary and her sister Martha.

(biblical) The village where Lazarus, Mary and Martha lived (Bible, John 11 v. 1)

(biblical) Mary of Bethany, sometimes identified as Mary Magdalene.


Gautama

(Buddhism) Siddhartha Gautama - the personal name of the Buddha.

ၵေႃႉတမႃႉ

kâ̰u tǎ mâ̰a


Siddhartha

From Sanskrit सिद्धार्थ (siddhārtha, “one who has accomplished an aim or object, successful, prosperous”), from सिद्ध (siddha, “achievement”) + अर्थ (artha, “meaning, purpose”).

A male given name from Sanskrit used by followers of various faiths of India; notably, the personal name of Buddha.


Adventist

One who believes in the Second Advent (usually known as the Second Coming) of Jesus; an advocate of Adventism.

адвенти́ст

believer in the Second Advent of Jesus; an advocate of Adventism

Seventh-day Adventist Church
Seventh-day Adventist Church

(short form) A member of the Seventh-day Adventist Church.


Adventist

en-adj

Adventist (comparative more Adventist, superlative most Adventist)

more Adventist (comparative)
most Adventist (superlative)

Seventh-day Adventism
Seventh-day Adventism

(short form) Relating to Seventh-day Adventism / the Seventh-day Adventist Church.

adventistisch

relating to Seventh-day Adventism / the Seventh-day Adventist Church


sadhu

From Sanskrit साधु (sādhú, “good; good man, holy man”).

der

Then again these figures take no account of the thousands of beggars who travel free in India. Many of these are religious "Sadhus", dressed often in nothing but a loin-cloth, or even less, and their bodies smeared with ashes. A large number of these men are nothing but impostors, but the Hindu railway staff usually are afraid to interfere with them.

1953 November, 'Erca', “Ticket Frauds in the East”, in Railway Magazine, page 778:

It was clad in white in the manner of an Indian sadu or holy man, and it was walking barefoot on the grubby pavements.

1983, Lawrence Durrell, Sebastian (Avignon Qutet), Faber & Faber, published 2004, page 994:

So for the meanwhile I continued with my ritualised observances, obsessively counting the number of steps it took me to walk to any given location, carefully avoiding the cracks in the pavement for fear that the bears of the id might get me, and attending to my bodily functions with the pure metrical devotion of a sadhu.

(Hinduism) An ascetic or practitioner of yoga (yogi) who has given up pursuit of the first three Hindu goals of life: kama (enjoyment), artha (practical objectives) and even dharma (duty).


Emmanuel

Behold, a virgin shall be with child, and shall bring forth a son, and they shall call his name Emmanuel, which being interpreted is, God with us.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Matthew 1:23:

Immanuel (Biblical figure whose birth is foretold).

(Christianity) Immanuel (this figure, regarded by Christians as the Christ).

Cade. What is thy name? / Clerk. Emmanuel. / Dick. They use to write it on the top of letters. 'Twill go hard with you.

Some call their sons Emmanuel : this is too bold. The name is proper to Christ, therefore not to be communicated to any creature.

1629, Thomas Adams, Meditations upon Creed: The Works of Thomas Adams, James Nichol (1862), volume 3, page 212:

A male given name from Hebrew of Biblical origin.


Fornax

Named by the French astronomer Nicolas Louis de Lacaille. Originally called Fornāx Chemica,
From the Latin for "chemical furnace".

(Roman mythology) The Roman goddess of ovens.


presidency

en-noun

presidency (countable and uncountable, plural presidencies)

From Medieval Latin praesidentia. By surface analysis, president + -cy.

(Mormonism) A supreme local council made up of three persons; (usually capitalized; also First Presidency) the highest authority.

(Christianity) The role of ordained clergy in the celebration of the Eucharist in some denominations.


Horologium

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Horologium.wav

Christian Huygens
Horologium (constellation)
Horologium Oscillitorium
Nicolas Louis de Lacaille
Solarium Augusti
Tower of the Winds

See horologium. As a location in Rome, a clipping of Latin Hōrologium Augustī (“Sundial of Augustus”). As a constellation, a clipping of Latin Hōrologium Oscillitorium (“Pendulum Clock”), coined in 1763 by the French astronomer De Lacaille to honor the Dutch astronomer and mathematician Christian Huygens, who had written a major work by that name.

bor

(Christianity) Alternative letter-case form of horologium, the book of hours in the Eastern Orthodox and Catholic churches.


wheel of life

(Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism) A mandala, representing the continuous cycle of birth, life and death.

roue de l’existence karmique

mandala representing the continuous cycle of birth, life and death


worshipper

Inherited from Middle English wirshiper, worchyppar, worscheper, worschepour, worschiper, worschippar, worshipore; equivalent to worship + -er.

The temple was filled with worshippers.

Sadly, the ever-eager Reverend Judith had not been able to conjure up many worshippers, even though it was Father’s Day. There was just one old dear sitting halfway back, her faulty hearing aid letting off a high-pitched whistle.

2017, David Walliams [pseudonym; David Edward Williams], Bad Dad, London: HarperCollins Children’s Books, →ISBN:

A person who worships, especially at a place of assembly for religious services.


pyxis

From Latin pyxis (“small box”). Doublet of box, piseog, and pyx.

(Christianity) The box in which ashes are stored for Ash Wednesday.


a-word

It was Lent; “alleluia” is not sung in the Catholic church during Lent. I told her Babloo liked songs with the “A-word.”

2008, Mary Poplin, Finding Calcutta: What Mother Teresa Taught Me About Meaningful Work and Service, →ISBN, page 71:

My congregation is frustrated because we can’t sing carols during Advent, and now we can’t say the A-word [Alleluia] during Lent.

2009, Melinda A. Quivik, Serving the Word, →ISBN, page 43:

What we give up — the A-word. […] I added what we call the A-word in Lent, since we stop saying “a-l-l-e-l-u-i-a” for this season (Shhhh!).

2022 April 1, Keith Dorwick, “Deeper and deeper into Lenten quiet”, in Peninsula Daily News:

(euphemistic, Christianity) The word alleluia, typically in the context of Lent since the Lenten liturgies of various Christian churches omit the alleluia.


horologium

en-noun

horologium (plural horologiums or horologia)

/hɔɹəˈloʊd͡ʒiəm/

/hɔɹəˈloʊɡiəm/

/hɒɹəˈləʊd͡ʒɪəm/

/hɒɹəˈləʊɡɪəm/

From Latin horologium, from Ancient Greek ὡρολόγιον (hōrológion). In reference to Eastern Orthodoxy, via its Byzantine Greek development. See menologium. Doublet of horologe.

(Christianity) Synonym of horologion, the book of hours in Eastern Orthodoxy and Catholicism.


eternal life

The thing that assures us of what Jesus said is that God who gave us to Him and gave us eternal life is "more powerful than anyone else."

2012, Brad Hicks, For Every Fear a Promise: A Plan to Prevail Over Fear, WestBow Press, →ISBN, page 351:

(religion) Life after death; the afterlife.


Septuagint

en-proper noun

Septuagint (countable and uncountable, plural Septuagints)

Letter of Aristeas
Ptolemy II Philadelphus
Septuagint
Twelve Tribes of Israel

From Late Latin Septuaginta, lit. "The Seventy", a clipping of earlier descriptional names such as septuaginta translatio (“translation by the seventy”) and septuaginta interpretes (“the 70 interpreters”), calques of Koine Greek names such as οἱ ἐβδομήκοντα ἑρμηνευταί (hoi ebdomḗkonta hermēneutaí, “the 70 interpreters”) and οἱ Ο′ (hoi O′, “the LXX”), deriving from the popular (but probably mistaken) belief that its translation of the Torah had been produced in 72 days by a team of 72 Jewish scholars from Jerusalem (6 from each tribe) summoned to Alexandria during the reign of Ptolemy II.

2006, Katrin Hauspie, Theodoret and Messianic Verses in the Septuagint version of Ezekiel, Michael Anthony Knibb (editor), The Septuagint and Messianism, Leuven University Press, Peeters Publishers (Peeters Leuven), page 503,
Traces of messianism in the Septuagint have occupied scholars for years; the Book of Ezekiel too has challenged attention in this specific domain of research.

2009, Jan Joosten, The Prayer of Azariah (DanLXX 3): Sources and Origin, Johann Cook (editor), Septuagint and Reception, BRILL, page 5,
The Septuagint originated, for the most part, as a translation of a source text. As such it represents a link—and a very important one—in the reception history of the Hebrew-Aramaic scriptures. But the Septuagint very soon turned into a literary and religious reference in its own right. […] The Septuagint itself became the starting point for a new reception history.

Other important works appeared that continued the discussion about the position of the Septuagint within postclassical Greek.

2022, William A. Ross, Postclassical Greek and Septuagint Lexicography, SBL Press, page 42:

(biblical) An influential Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible produced in Alexandria in the 3rd and 2nd centuries BC.

اَلتَّرْجَمَة اَلسَّبْعِينِيَة

an ancient translation of the Hebrew Bible into Greek


Wesleyanism

en-noun

Wesleyanism (usually uncountable, plural Wesleyanisms)

The theological system propounded by John Wesley; commonly called Methodism.


Micah

From Hebrew מִיכָה (mīḵāh), shortened form of מִיכַיְהוּ (mīḵāyᵊhū, “who is like Yahweh”).

(biblical) A book of the Old Testament of Bible, and of the Tanakh.

The word of the LORD that came to Micah the Morasthite in the days of Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah, kings of Judah, which he saw concerning Samaria and Jerusalem.

(biblical) Any of several men in the Old Testament:

The minor prophet and author of the Book of Micah.

Miga

Biblical character: minor prophet and author

An Ephraimite featured in Judges 17–18 and protagonist of the Micah’s idol narrative. Also called Michas.

Miga

Biblical character: Ephraimite featured in Judges 17–18


Mrs. Claus

A relatively new gala, the Celebrate Santa Convention boasts a sea of Santas, Mrs. Clauses, elves, and reindeers, […]

2011, Kristin Luna, Tennessee Curiosities: Quirky Characters, Roadside Oddities & Other Offbeat Stuff, Guilford, Conn.: Globe Pequot Press, →ISBN, page 167:

In normal years, he runs a roving school for Santas and Mmes. Claus and supplies a workforce of bearded men to malls and corporate events around the country. […] He led a neighborhood tree-lighting in a blue surgical mask with a Mrs. Claus friend near his apartment in Upper Manhattan, and a few buddies volunteered for a socially distanced Christmas parade.

2020 December 25, Emma Green, “The Christmas Crisis”, in The Atlantic, archived from the original on 2020-12-25:

“Why do I get the feeling that ‘we’ includes me?” I said warily. “Of course it includes you. You’re Mrs. Claus.” She reconsidered. “One of the Mrs. Clauses, at any rate. I signed you up for two shifts and some cookies. Surely that’s not too much to ask?”

2021, Liz Ireland, Mrs. Claus and the Halloween Homicide, Kensington Books, →ISBN:

In 1937, a Michigan school was established in Midland, and it has been training Santas and Mrs. Clauses for eighty-five years.

2022, Bill Loomis, Christmas in Detroit, Charleston, S.C.: The History Press, →ISBN, page 67:


namaz

From Ottoman Turkish نماز (namâz) (Turkish namaz) and Urdu نماز (namāz), and their source, Classical Persian نماز (namāz).

Dr Jaffry was prostrated on a prayer carpet, finishing his evening namaz.

1993, William Dalrymple, City of Djinns, Penguin, published 2004, page 228:

He swung at me but I ducked and said, ‘Time for the fifth namaaz of the day, Prince.’

1997, Kiran Nagarkar, Cuckold, HarperCollins, published 2013, page 157:

(Islam, South Asia) Synonym of salat (“Islamic prayer”).


Wadjet

Borrowed from Egyptian wAD-t-I12 (wꜣḏt, “Wadjet”, literally “green one”), an allusion to the skin of the cobra. Doublet of Buto.

bor+

<i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">wꜣḏt</i>

(Egyptian mythology) The patron goddess and namesake of the Ancient Egyptian city of Per-Wadjet, known as Buto to the Greeks. Wadjet takes the form of a cobra and is associated with the Eye of Horus.


Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer

en-proper noun

Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (plural Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeers)

Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeers (plural)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer.wav

In the yards of the houses, the pink flamingos were eclipsed by huge plastic Santa Clauses and Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeers, their red noses tinting the shadows on the snow rose red, and on the roof ridges of every other house, Santa Claus and his sleigh had landed weeks earlier.

1989, Susan Fromberg Schaeffer, Buffalo Afternoon, New York, N.Y.: Alfred A. Knopf, →ISBN, page 513:

The only buildings on the street across from the Yellow Panda were an abandoned warehouse and a lonely souvenir stand, also closed until tourist season, its carved Smokey the Bears and Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeers looking like lost Christmas decorations in the rain.

1997, Roger L[ichtenberg] Simon, The Lost Coast, HarperCollins, →ISBN, page 194:

Window cling-ons are the same kind you see at Christmas time, with cute Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeers and Frosty the Snow Mans on them.

2003, Tiffany Lambert, Restaurant Promotion and Publicity: For Just a Few Dollars a Day, Atlantic Publishing Group, Inc., →ISBN, page 98:

Light posts, storefronts and other businesses were lined with garlands of silver, gold, green and red; as well as the occasional Santa Claus and more than a few Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeers.

2008, William Pepper, In the St. Nick of Time, Carnival of Glee Creations, →ISBN, page 10:

These days, you see more of those giant inflatable Frosty the Snowmen and Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeers.

2014, Greg Laurie, Red: The Color of Christmas, 15 Favorite Christmas Messages, Allen David Books, →ISBN, page 307:

Good job you don’t have kids, mate. You’d go mad this time of year with all the Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeers going on.

2019, Alison Roberts, Single Dad in Her Stocking, Harlequin, →ISBN:

A legendary reindeer with a nose that glows red, the subject of a comic Christmas song; often added among Santa Claus's reindeer as the leading one.

ルドルフ赤鼻のトナカイ

ルドルフあかはなのトナカイ


Halacha

From Hebrew הֲלָכָה (halakhá), from the root הלך (“to walk”).


happy holidays

In the United States people say Happy Holidays to include all people on the earth: the Jewish people Celebrating Hanukah, Africans celebrating Kwanza, Middle Eastern people celebrating Eid, Christians celebrating Christmas, […]

2009, Ruben Santos Claveria, Holiday Songs and Kisses: Christmas Songs And other Poems:

Madeleine Mayfair, What Should I Write? 101 Holiday Wishes for Greeting Cards
Season's greetings and happy holidays!

(Canada, US, Philippines) A greeting used during the Christmas and winter holiday season to recognize the celebration of many holidays, sometimes starting with Thanksgiving and including Hanukkah, the winter solstice, Christmas, Kwanzaa, and New Year's Day.


Haggai

der

Hebrew חַגַּי

(biblical) Hebrew prophet associated with the Book of Haggai.


yantra

Borrowed from Sanskrit यन्त्र (yantra, “instrument”).

(religion, Hinduism) Any object used as a meditation aid in tantric worship.


Dinah

From Hebrew דִּינָה (dīna, "judged, vindicated"); see דין.

And Dinah the daughter of Leah, which she bare unto Jacob, went out to see the daughters of the land. And when Shechem the son of Hamor the Hivite, prince of the country, saw her, he took her, and lay with her, and defiled her.

A daughter of Jacob and Leah. (biblical character)


athame

From French arthame in a 1929 passage from É.-J. Grillot de Givry (see 1931 citation below), apparently from Medieval Latin artavus (“quill-sharpening knife”). Artavus was also mistranslated into artauo in an Italian manuscript. The arthame was conflated with the cortel nero ("black knife") by Grillot de Givry, and that conflation was passed on to Gerald Gardner (whose 1954 book Witchcraft Today introduced Wicca to the public).

She is moving with a regal gait, grasping the arthame, or magic knife.

1931, Émile-Jules Grillot de Givry, chapter 7, in JC Locke, transl., Witchcraft, Magic and Alchemy:

Agia was quicker, making a cut at my neck with an athame before his weapon was free of the scabbard.

1981, Gene Wolfe, chapter VII, in The Claw of the Conciliator (The Book of the New Sun; 2), New York: Timescape, →ISBN, page 60:

The athame is a black-handled ritual knife—one of the most common distinguishing marks of the Neopagan Witch.

1999, James R. Lewis, Witchcraft Today: An Encyclopedia of Wiccan and Neopagan Traditions, page 22:

Tradition says an athame should never have drawn blood.

2023, Skye Alexander, The Kitchen Witch, Simon & Schuster (Adams Media), page 60:

A ceremonial pointed knife or dagger, used especially in Wicca and other neopagan traditions and typically having a black handle with magical symbols on it.

Gerald Gardner
Witchcraft Today
athame
Émile-Jules Grillot de Givry


samadhi

en-noun

samadhi (countable and uncountable, plural samadhis)

From Sanskrit समाधि (samādhi, “placing together”), from सम (sama, “together”) + आ (ā) prefix + धा (dhā, “to place”).

uder

The yogi, or disciple, who has by these means overcome the obscurations of his lower nature sufficiently, enters into the condition termed samâdhi, and ‘comes face to face with facts which no instinct or reason can ever know.’

1902, William James, The Varities of Religious Experience, Folio Society, published 2008, page 340:

The highest state of meditation, at which complete unity is reached.

The tomb of a holy person or saint in India.


Nahum

Derived from Hebrew נַחוּם (nakhúm, “consolation”).

der+

(biblical) A book of the Tanakh / the Old Testament of the Bible.

(biblical) The minor prophet who wrote that book.


Obadiah

/ˌoʊbəˈdaɪə/

From Hebrew עובדיה (Ovadya, “servant of Yahweh”); comparable to Arabic عبد اللّٰه (ʕabd-allah, “servant of God”).

der

(biblical) A book of the Old Testament of the Bible, and of the Tanakh.

阿巴底亚书

Ŏ̤-bă-dī-ā-cṳ̆

The vision of Obadiah. Thus saith the Lord God concerning Edom; We have heard a rumour from the Lord, and an ambassador is sent among the heathen, Arise ye, and let us rise up against her in battle.

A male given name from Hebrew, of biblical origin.


Zephaniah

(biblical) Hebrew prophet associated with the Book of Zephaniah


Shambhala

From Sanskrit शम्भल (śambhala, “Sambhal, a city in India”), from Sanskrit शम्भु (śambhu).

bor

A mythical, mystic sacred realm in Tibetan Buddhism.


Akkub

(biblical) Any of several minor characters in the Hebrew Bible.

Acube

any of several minor characters in the Hebrew Bible


Hosea

From Latin Hōsēās, from Ancient Greek Ὡσηέ (Hōsēé), from Biblical Hebrew הוֹשֵׁעַ (hōšḗaʿ, “Hosea”), from the masculine singular imperative of הוֹשִׁיעַ (hoshía', “to save”).


telestic

en-adj

telestic (comparative more telestic, superlative most telestic)

more telestic (comparative)
most telestic (superlative)

From Ancient Greek τελεστικός (telestikós), from τέλος (télos, “mystery religion”).


Habakkuk

Borrowed from Biblical Hebrew חֲבַקּוּק (ḥăḇaqqūq). The name perhaps comes from חָבַק (ḥāḇaq, “embrace”), or perhaps from Akkadian 𒄩𒄠𒁀𒄣𒄣 (ḫambaqūqu [ḫa-am-ba-qu-qu], “garden herb”).

der

1988, Robert D. Haak, ""Poetry" in Habakkuk 1:1–2:4?". Journal of the American Oriental Society 108 (3): 437–444.
The present study concentrates on the various types of parallelism which may be observed within the prophetic text Habakkuk 1:1–2:4.

(biblical) A prophetic book in the Old Testament of the Bible, one of the minor prophets; or the eighth part of the Tere Asar in the Jewish Tanakh.

Of Habakkuk's personal life nothing is known with certainty, though it has been inferred, from the fact that he is termed specifically 'the prophet,' that he held a recognized position as prophet[…], and belonged, consequently, to the tribe of Levi.

1906, S. R. Driver, The Minor Prophets: Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi, The Century Bible, page 49:

(biblical) A Jewish prophet of the Old Testament; author of the book that bears his name.


Plutonian

en-adj

Plutonian (comparative more Plutonian, superlative most Plutonian)

more Plutonian (comparative)
most Plutonian (superlative)

The adjective is derived from Latin Plūtōnius (“of or relating to Pluto, Greek and Roman god of the underworld”) + -an (suffix forming adjectives). Plūtōnius is from Ancient Greek Πλουτώνιος (Ploutṓnios, “of or relating to Pluto”), from Πλούτων (Ploútōn, “Pluto”) (from πλοῦτος (ploûtos, “riches, wealth”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *plew- (“to fly; to flow; to run”)) + -ων (-ōn)) + -ιος (-ios, suffix forming adjectives). The English word is cognate with Middle French plutonien (modern French plutonien). The noun is derived from the adjective.

plutonien

of, pertaining to, or supporting plutonism — see also Plutonic

[…] he through the midſt unmarkt, / In ſhew Plebeian Angel militant / Of loweſt order, paſt; and from the dore / Of that Plutonian Hall, inviſible / Aſcended his high Throne, […]

1674, John Milton, “Book X”, in Paradise Lost. […], 2nd edition, London: […] S[amuel] Simmons […], →OCLC, page 264:

["]Ghastly grim and ancient raven wandering from the Nightly shore— / Tell me what thy lordly name is on the Night's Plutonian shore!" / Quoth the raven, "Nevermore."

1845 February, — Quarles [pseudonym; Edgar Allan Poe], “The Raven”, in The American Review, volume I, number II, New York, N.Y., London: Wiley & Putnam, […], →OCLC, page 144:

You rise by candle-light or gaslight, swearing / There never was a climate made like ours; / If rashly you go out to take an airing, / The soot-flakes come in black Plutonian show'rs.

1882 December 30, “A London Fog”, in Punch, or The London Charivari, volume 83, London: Published at the office, 85, Fleet Street, →OCLC, page 301, column 1:

Cotopaxi is striking not only because it looks like a science fiction conception of another planet; it also is the least realistic among [Frederic Edwin] Church's paintings of the area. […] Below the fiery sun is a lake with a barren shore. As such, the sun hangs over a Plutonian landscape.

2008, Rodrigo Lazo, “The Ends of Enchantment: Douglass, Melville, and U.S. Expansionism in the Americas”, in Robert S[teven] Levine, Samuel Otter, editors, Frederick Douglass & Herman Melville: Essays in Relation, Chapel Hill, N.C.: University of North Carolina Press, →ISBN, part I (Literary and Cultural Geographies), page 210:

(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) Of or relating to Pluto, the Greek and Roman god of the underworld; demonic, infernal.

Plutoniin liittyvä

of or relating to Pluto, the Greek and Roman god of the underworld


Plutonian

From Pluto (“dwarf planet in the Solar System”) + -n- + -ian (suffix forming adjectives meaning ‘from, related to, or like’, or nouns meaning ‘one belonging to, relating to, or like’), probably influenced by Plutonian (“of or relating to Pluto, Greek and Roman god of the underworld”) (see etymology 1).

affix

Another and perhaps more Plutonian view of this would be that David's bondage to his mother and the codes of behaviour which she set for him had extended throughout his life, in both profes[s]ional and personal spheres; and that bondage now had an opportunity of loosening, with all the attendant consequences.

1985, Liz Greene, “Fate and Synchronicity”, in The Astrology of Fate, Boston, Mass.: Weiser Books, Red Wheel/Weiser, →ISBN, page 293:

The notion of toxicity is a useful one in our effort to understand the further implications of Pluto in the USA chart. [...] Factor in what we have learned about the second house and we get another meaning of waste, related but distinctly more Plutonian: debris that poses an elimination problem once its value has been used up.

2006 October 6, Jessica Murray, “Power Madness: Pluto and American Hegemony”, in Soul-sick Nation: An Astrologer’s View of America, Bloomington, Ind., Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire: AuthorHouse, →ISBN, page 41:

(astrology) Pertaining to the astrological influence of Pluto, formerly regarded as a planet.

Plutoon liittyvä

pertaining to the astrological influence of Pluto, formerly regarded as a planet

Burl studied the captured Plutonian hand weapons, and was pleased to have one of the Neptunian soldiers pick one up and demonstrate how it was fired. It had apparently simpler controls than most Plutonian products, for it easily blazed forth a bolt of electronic fire that blasted a tall, crystalline tree to shards.

1959, Donald A[llen] Wollheim, “The Museum of Galactic Life”, in Cecile Matschat, editor, The Secret of the Ninth Planet (A Science Fiction Novel), Philadelphia, Pa.: John C. Winston Co., →OCLC; republished in The Tom Corbett, Space Cadet Megapack, [Rockville, Md.]: Wildside Press, 2012, →ISBN:

Roure did not carry his work to completion. He derived only four intermediate orbits of Pluto for the combinations of Pluto and the four outer planets, and determined the inequalities in the Plutonian motion under the effect of Neptune which are dependent on the first degree of Plutonian eccentricity and inclination.

1969 January, Sh. G. Sharaf, “Introduction”, in Theory of Motion of the Planet Pluto: Part One. Plutonian Perturbations of the First Order with Respect to Perturbing Masses: […] (NASA Technical Translations; NASA TT F-490), Washington, D.C.: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, →OCLC, page 4:

[Gerard] Kuiper (1944) searched for spectroscopic evidence of an atmosphere around Pluto as part of the same program that discovered CH₄ on Titan. Because of the difficulty of observing an object as faint as Pluto, no useful results were obtained; however, Kuiper presented arguments in favor of a Plutonian atmosphere based on the stability of the atmosphere against loss to space.

1997, Roger V. Yelle, James L[udlow] Elliot, “Atmospheric Structure and Composition: Pluto and Charon”, in S[ol] Alan Stern, David J[ames] Tholen, editors, Pluto and Charon (Space Science series), Tucson, Ariz.: University of Arizona Press, →ISBN, part IV (Atmospheres), page 347:

[James Walter] Christy also knew that 6.39 days is the exact period of time that it takes Pluto to make one complete turn around its axis—the length of a Plutonian day.

2010, Kristi Lew, “Pluto’s Structure and Features”, in Karen Ang, editor, The Dwarf Planet Pluto (Space!), Tarrytown, N.Y.: Marshall Cavendish Benchmark, →ISBN, page 31:

(astronomy) Of or relating to the dwarf planet Pluto.

plutondar

of or relating to the dwarf planet Pluto


Plutonian

If you are a Plutonian and some of these traits emphatically do not fit you, just let them go and take what is helpful and descriptive of you personally. What will be given is a composite picture, based on working with a great many Plutonians over the years. Plutonians who are negatively inclined are often very guarded and rigid, afraid to let others get close. [...] There are Plutonians who operate predominantly on the positive level—healing, transforming, transmuting themselves and those around them.

1986, Donna Cunningham, “The Personality and Character of the Plutonian”, in Healing Pluto Problems, Boston, Mass.: Weiser Books, Red Wheel/Weiser, →ISBN, page 28:

(astrology) A person under the astrological influence of Pluto, formerly regarded as a planet.

The Plutonians, who are almost extinct, once held a superscience that they have largely lost. Early Plutonian visits to Earth survived in folk memory as the devil, since Plutonians are gigantic, with horns, hooves, and tail.

1998, Everett F[ranklin] Bleiler, Richard Bleiler, “[Story Descriptions.] 1423. THE EARTHMAN’S BURDEN. Astounding Stories, June 1931, Ill. Paul.”, in Science-Fiction: The Gernsback Years: A Complete Coverage of the Genre Magazines Amazing, Astounding, Wonder, and Others from 1926 through 1936, Kent, Oh., London: Kent State University Press, →ISBN, page 409, column 1:

(chiefly science fiction) An inhabitant of the dwarf planet Pluto.


adytum

Borrowed from Latin adytum, from Ancient Greek ἄδυτον (áduton, “innermost sanctuary; shrine”), inflected form of ἄδυτος (ádutos, “not to be entered”).

der

Let us now with minds free of paſſion, enter the adytum with an intent to find out its true figure, to examine what it really was, and what it is. […] This point is properly the door-way or entrance into the adytum, as a wicket or little door, whilſt the jambs of the hithermoſt trilithons preſent themſelves, as the greater door, of about 40 feet wide, 25 cubits. […] [T]he more ſacred part of the temple at Hierapolis anſwering to our Adytum, had no door, tho' none enter'd therein but the chief prieſts.

1740, William Stukeley, “Of the Cell or Adytum of Stonehenge. Of the Surgeons Amphitheater, London.”, in Stonehenge: A Temple Restor’d to the British Druids, London: Printed for W. Innys and R. Manby, […], →OCLC, page 23:

At the diſtance of about forty ſtadia from this temple of Æſculapius, there is an incloſure; and in it there is an adytum ſacred to Iſis. This is the moſt holy of every thing which the Greeks conſecrate to this goddeſs. For the Tithoreans neither think it proper to take up their reſidence there, nor to ſuffer any to enter the adytum, except ſuch as the goddeſs Iſis informs them by a dream ſhe thinks proper to admit.

1794, Pausanias, chapter XXXII, in [Thomas Taylor], transl., The Description of Greece, by Pausanias. Translated from the Greek. […] In Three Volumes, volume III, London: Printed for R. Faulder, […], →OCLC, book X (Phocics), pages 195–196:

(Ancient Greece, religion) The innermost sanctuary or shrine in a temple, from where oracles were given.

àditon

innermost sanctuary or shrine in an ancient temple


Zechariah

Book of Zechariah
Zechariah (Hebrew prophet)
Zechariah (priest)
Zechariah of Israel

/ˌzɛkəˈɹaɪə/

From Hebrew זְכַרְיָה (zəḵaryā, “the Lord has remembered”).

(biblical) A king of Israel mentioned in the second book of Kings.

(biblical) A book of the Old Testament and the Hebrew Tanakh.

(biblical) A Hebrew prophet traditionally considered the author of the Book of Zechariah, the eleventh of the Twelve Minor Prophets.

Sagaria

(biblical) A Hebrew priest, the father of John the Baptist.


Pesach

Borrowed from Hebrew פֶּסַח (pésakh, “Passover”). Doublet of Pasch, Pascha, and paskha.


Ezekiel

From Koine Greek Ἰεζεκιήλ (Iezekiḗl), from Biblical Hebrew יְחֶזְקֵאל (Y'ḥezqēl, “God strengthens”).

The word of the Lord came expressly unto Ezekiel the priest, the son of Buzi, in the land of the Chaldeans by the river Chebar; and the hand of the Lord was there upon him.

(biblical) A prophet mentioned in the Bible and in the Quran.


Malachi

→ Fijian: Malakai

→ English: Malakai (with Tongan Malakai)

→ Tongan: Malakai

→ English: Malakai (with Fijian Malakai)

From Latin Mālāchiās, from Ancient Greek Μαλαχίας (Malakhías), from Hebrew מַלְאָכִי (mal'achi, malʼāḵî, literally “my messenger”), singular form of מַלְאָךְ (mal'akh, “angel; messenger; ambassadors”) with first-person singular personal pronoun as possessor.

(biblical) A book of the Old Testament of Bible, and of the Tanakh.


Bible Belt

First used by American journalist H. L. Mencken, who wrote in the Chicago Daily Tribune in 1924 that "the old game, I suspect, is beginning to play out in the Bible Belt."

For quotations using this term, see Citations:Bible Belt.

(Christianity) An area where socially conservative Protestant Christianity is a pervasive or dominant part of the culture.

聖經帶

area where conservative Protestant Christianity is dominant


pyx

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-pyx.wav

The noun is derived from Late Middle English pix, pixe (“vessel for holding a host, pyx; hip bone socket, pyxis”) [and other forms], from Late Latin pyxis (“vessel for holding a host”), Latin pyxis (“small box for medicines or toiletries; box holding sample coins for testing; hip bone socket; sailor's compass”), from Koine Greek πυξίς (puxís), Ancient Greek πῠξῐ́ς (puxís, “box; box or tablet made of boxwood; cylinder”), from πῠ́ξος (púxos, “box tree; boxwood”) + -ῐς (-is, suffix forming feminine nouns). Doublet of box, piseog, and pyxis.
The verb is derived from the noun.

ref

From the collection of the Musée de Cluny in Paris, France.

der

[F]oraſmuche as we have often and many tymes, to our inwarde regrete and diſpleaſure, ſeen at oure Jen, in diverſe and many Churches of our Realme, the holie Sacrament of the Aulter kept in ful simple and inhoneſt Pixes, ſpecially Pixes of copre and tymbre: we have appointed and commaunded the Treſourer of our Chambre, and Maiſtre of our Juellhouſe, to cauſe to be made furthwith Pixes of ſilver and gilte, in a greate nombre, for the keping of the holie Sacrament of th'Aultre, after the faction of a Pixe that we have cauſed to be delivered to theim, […]

1509 April 20 (Gregorian calendar), Henry VII of England, edited by [Thomas Astle], The Will of King Henry VII, London: Printed for the editor; and sold by T[homas] Payne, […]; and B[enjamin] White, […], published 1775, →OCLC, pages 37–38:

With Croſſes, Relicks, Crucifixes, / Beads, Pictures, Roſaries and Pixes: / The Tools of working out Salvation, / By meer Mechanick Operation.

1677 (indicated as 1678), [Samuel Butler], “[The Third Part of Hudibras]. Canto I.”, in Hudibras. The Third and Last Part. […], London: […] Robert Horne, […], published 1679, →OCLC; republished in A[lfred] R[ayney] Waller, editor, Hudibras: Written in the Time of the Late Wars, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: University Press, 1905, →OCLC, page 86:

They have Pixes and Chalices for the Bleſſed Sacrament five hundred and fifty, ſome of pure Gold, others of Silver and Criſtal; and among them, is one that was offer'd to our Bleſſed Saviour, by one of the three Kings, when they came to Worſhip him, and brought Preſents.

1702, [William Bromley], “[In Italy]”, in Several Years Travels through Portugal, Spain, Italy, Germany, Prussia, Sweden, Denmark and the United Provinces. […], London: […] A[bel] Roper, […], R. Basset […], and W. Turner […], →OCLC, page 52:

The slight breach was fortunately committed by a distant relation of the Archbishop of Toledo, and consisted merely in his entering the church intoxicated, (a rare vice in Spaniards), attempting to drag the matin preacher from the pulpit, and failing in that, getting astride as well as he could on the altar, dashing down the tapers, overturning the vases and the pix, and trying to scratch out, as with the talons of a demon, the painting that hung over the table, uttering all the while the most horrible blasphemies, and even soliciting the portrait of the Virgin in language not to be repeated.

1820, [Charles Robert Maturin], chapter V, in Melmoth the Wanderer: A Tale. […], volume I, Edinburgh: […] Archibald Constable and Company, and Hurst, Robinson, and Co., […], →OCLC, page 273:

[W]here am I to find such a sum? If I sell the very pyx and candlesticks on the altar at Jorvaulx, I shall scarce raise the half; […]

1819 December 20 (indicated as 1820), Walter Scott, chapter III, in Ivanhoe; a Romance. […], volume III, Edinburgh: […] Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Hurst, Robinson, and Co. […], →OCLC, page 69:

He [Augustus Pugin] has a most sincere love for his profession, a hearty honest enthusiasm for pixes and piscinas; and though he will never design so much as a pix or piscina thoroughly well, yet better than most of the experimental architects of the day.

1851, John Ruskin, “[Appendix] 12. Romanist Modern Art.”, in The Stones of Venice, volume I (The Foundations), London: Smith, Elder, and Co., […], →OCLC, page 373:

In the twelfth century Germany was at the head of artistic movement, and even France sent to her for skilled workmen in the industrial arts. Her treasuries are still rich in the various beautiful objects comprehended under the name of altar furniture, such as chalices, pyxes and monstrances, missals, reliquaries, and so on.

1870 March 26, “Reviews. Ecclesiastical Art in Germany during the Middle Ages. By Dr. Wilhelm Lübke. London: Simpkin & Marshall.”, in The Architect. A Weekly Illustrated Journal of Art, Civil Engineering, and Building, volume III, London: Gilbert Wood; […], →OCLC, page 152, column 2:

Let chalice, pyx and paten, lamp and candelabrum, crozier and mitre be studded with diamonds, rubies, sapphires and emeralds, and further enriched with figured representations of divine persons and things.

1888 July, “Art and Religion. Annual Lecture of Sir [Frederic] Leighton, President of the Royal Academy. London. The Decline of Art. By Francis Turner Palgrave, Professor of Poetry at Oxford.”, in The American Catholic Quarterly Review, volume XIII, number 51, Philadelphia, Pa.: Hardy and Mahony, […], →OCLC, page 412:

They plundered the abbey of Holyrood at their departure, and afterwards the abbeys of Melrose and Dryburgh in their retreat, venting their rage by slaying the prior of Melrose and a few old monks who were too frail to take to flight, and carrying off a pyx from the altar after they had contemptuously thrown away the host.

1893, Thomas Thomson, Charles Annandale, “Reign of Robert Bruce Continued (1318–1326)”, in A History of the Scottish People from the Earliest Times. […], divisional volume I (Earliest Times till Death of Robert Bruce, 1329), London, Glasgow: Blackie & Son, […], →OCLC, page 259, column 1:

And at the same instant perhaps a priest round the corner is elevating it. Dringdring! And two streets off another locking it into a pyx. Dringadring! And in a ladychapel another taking housel all to his own cheek. Dringdring!

1922 February, James Joyce, “[Episode 3: Proteus]”, in Ulysses, Paris: Shakespeare and Company, […], →OCLC, part I [Telemachia], page 40:

Inventory references and examples preserved to this day attest to the fact that pyxes were among the objects most frequently made by Limousin workshops. […] It is likely that, as early as the ninth century, pyxes containing the body of Christ (cum corpore Domini) were placed on the altar and used for the Communion of the sick. […] The pyx from the former Côte Collection is among the oldest and most beautiful examples.

1996, “IV. Limoges in Transition (1190–1230)”, in John P. O’Neill, editor, Enamels of Limoges 1100–1350, New York, N.Y.: Metropolitan Museum of Art, →ISBN, entry 74 (Pyx), page 258:

On one of these visits she asked me to get her pyx, a beautiful, golden, highly decorated container used to carry the hosts for Holy Communion. She gave this to her fellow church worker who gave Mum her last Holy Communion.

2009, Claire Leimbach, Trypheyna McShane, Zenith Virago, “Talking about Death”, in The Intimacy of Death and Dying: Simple Guidance to Help You Through, Crows Nest, N.S.W.: Inspired Living, Allen & Unwin, →ISBN, pages 6–7:

(Roman Catholicism, also figurative) A small, usually round container used to hold the host (“consecrated bread or wafer of the Eucharist”), especially when bringing communion to the sick or others unable to attend Mass.


novitiate

From Middle French novitiat, from Medieval Latin novitiatus (“a novitiate”), from Latin novicius, novitius (“a novice”), from novus (“new”).

Three weeks after the departure of the Mandevilles, all Naples flocked to witness the profession of a young Englishwoman, a dispensation having been obtained for the novitiate.

1831, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter X, in Romance and Reality. […], volume III, London: Henry Colburn and Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC, page 214:

The period during which a novice of a religious order undergoes training.

noviciaat

the period during which a novice of a religious order undergoes training


Mass card

(Christianity) A religious card that states that a Catholic Mass has been said in honour of a dead person, or as a request for special favours such as improved health or success in a worldly endeavour.


breastplate

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-breastplate.wav

From Middle English brestplate, equivalent to breast + plate. Displaced Old English brēostbeorg.

(Judaism) An embroidered square of linen worn on the breast of the Jewish high priest, bearing twelve precious stones, each inscribed with the name of one of the tribes of Israel.


Amos

From Biblical Hebrew עמוס (Amos, “to carry; a burden”).

亚摩士书

Ā-mò̤-sê̤ṳ-cṳ̆

(biblical) A prophet, author of the book of Amos.

An unincorporated community in Allen County, Kentucky.

An unincorporated community in Vernon County, Missouri.

An unincorporated community in Humboldt County, Nevada.


freedom of religion

The right of people to hold any religious beliefs, or none, and to carry out any practices in accordance with those beliefs or with that absence of belief, so long as these practices do not interfere with other people's legal or civil rights, or any reasonable laws, without fear of harm or prosecution.


month's mind

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-month's mind.wav

From Middle English monethes mynde under influence from Medieval Latin dies mensis (“day of the month”) and Old English ġemynd, whose principal sense was "memory".

(Christianity, now chiefly Ireland and Scotland) A requiem mass or other commemoration of a dead person held one month after burial.


Jeremiah

/ˌd͡ʒɛɹəˈmaɪə/

From Latin Jeremias, from Ancient Greek Ἰερεμίας (Ieremías), from Hebrew יִרְמְיָה (yirm'yá, “Jeremiah”, literally “Yahweh exalt”).

And Ieremiah lamented for Ioſiah, and all the ſinging men and the ſinging women ſpake of Ioſiah in their lamentations to this day, and made them an ordinance in Iſrael; and beholde, they are written in the Lamentations.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 2 Chronicles 35:25, column 1:

(Abrahamism, biblical) An ancient prophet, the author of the Book of Jeremiah, and of the Lamentations.


Magnificat

Borrowed from Latin magnificat, the first word of the Latin version of the canticle.

(Christianity, music) The liturgical canticle of the Virgin Mary, sung in Christian churches; taken from her reported words upon the occasion of her Visitation to her cousin Elizabeth.


rubric

From Middle English rubriche, rubrike, from Old French rubrique, from Latin rūbrīca (“red ochre”), the substance used to make red letters, from ruber (“red”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ-.

All the clergy in England solemnly pledge themselves to observe the rubrics.

(Christianity) The directions for a religious service, formerly printed in red letters.


Jonah

From the Hebrew יוֹנָה (yonáh, “dove”). Doublet of Jonas.

'It's Jonah,' Ted says.
Simmy considers this. 'As in the whale?'
'Yep.'
'You know,' Simmy says, 'that people are going to say that to him for ever more?'
'What? The whale thing?'
'Yes.'
Ted shrugs again. 'Well. He'll get used to it. All names have got some associations. Anyway, he looks like a Jonah. And I like the name Jonah—'
'Obviously,' Simmy cuts in, 'since you chose it.'

2010, Maggie O'Farrell, The Hand That First Held Mine, Headline, →ISBN, page 165:

So they took up Jonah, and cast him forth into the sea: and the sea ceased from her raging.

(biblical) A minor prophet who was cast into the sea and swallowed by a great fish.

A book of the Old Testament and the Hebrew Tanakh.


credo

Inherited from Middle English credo, from Old French credo, from Latin crēdō (“I believe”); doublet of creed.

Credo III is so beautiful!

Until the mid-1970s, however, most Catholic hymnals contained at least one musical setting of the creed […] By the 1980s hymnals having sung credos were mainly those devoted to "traditional" styles of church music […]

1996, Pastoral Music, volume 21, page 12:

(Christianity) The liturgical creed (usually the Nicene Creed), or a musical arrangement of it for use in church services.


kyrie

/ˈkɪəɹ.ɪˌeɪ/

From Ecclesiastical Latin Kyrie, contraction of the Ancient Greek phrase Κύριε ἐλέησον (Kúrie eléēson, “Lord, have mercy”), from Ancient Greek Κύριε (Kúrie), vocative form of Κύριος (Kúrios, “Lord”), from κῦρος (kûros, “supremacy, authority”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱēw-, *ḱewh₁- (“to swell, spread out, be strong, prevail”).

(Christianity) A short prayer or petition including the phrase kyrie eleison, meaning “Lord, have mercy”.


Law

(Judaism) the five Books of Moses, particularly the commandments in it, as well as their specification in the Mishnah and their further interpretation in later religious literature

(Christianity, biblical) the commandments in the Books of Moses, sometimes seen as transcended by Christ

(Christianity, less often) the commandments and moral principles that are binding for Christians, such as the Decalogue, the teachings of the New Testament, the Church Fathers, etc.


patriarchy

en-noun

patriarchy (countable and uncountable, plural patriarchies)

/ˈpeɪ̯tɹɪɑːkɪ/

/ˈpætɹɪɑːkɪ/

From Latin patriarchia, from Byzantine Greek πατριαρχία (patriarkhía), from Koine Greek πατριάρχης (patriárkhēs, “patriarch”), from πατρία (patría) and ἄρχω (árkhō). By surface analysis, patri- + -archy.

der

(Christianity) The office of a patriarch; a patriarchate.


versification

en-noun

versification (countable and uncountable, plural versifications)

(biblical) The process by which the books of the Bible were divided into verses; a particular way of dividing biblical books into verses


talapoin

From French talapoin, from Portuguese talapão, from Mon တၠဳ ပိုဲ (tloe poi, “our lord”).

(archaic, Buddhism) A Buddhist monk or priest.


preterist

/ˈpɹɛtəɹɪst/

(theology) An adherent of preterism; one who believes that the Biblical prophecies of the Apocalypse refer to historical events which have already taken place.


Body of Christ

(literally) The corpse or resurrected body of Jesus Christ.

(by extension) The consecrated bread of the Eucharist, considered to be the flesh of Jesus Christ.

(figuratively) All believers in Jesus Christ as a group; the Church.

Leib Christi

a title describing all believers in Jesus


Yom Kippur

/ˌjɒm kɪˈpʊə/

/ˌjəʊm kɪˈpʊə/

/ˌjəʊm ˈkɪpə/

/ˌjɔm kɪˈpʊɹ/

/ˌjɑm kɪˈpʊɹ/

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Yom Kippur.wav

From Hebrew יוֹם כִּיפּוּר (yom kipúr, literally “Day of Atonement”).

bor

יוֹם כִּיפּוּר

(Judaism) A particular Jewish holiday, the day of atonement, falling on the tenth day of the Hebrew month of Tishrei.


True Cross

(Christianity) The cross on which Christ was crucified, particularly considered as a relic.


year of our Lord

en-noun

year of our Lord (plural years of our Lord)

AC

antonym(s) of “of the Common/Christian Era”

And for the continuing and preſerving the Calendar or Method of Reckoning, and computing the Days of the Year in the ſame regular Courſe, as near as may be, in all Times coming; be it further enacted by the Authority aforeſaid, That the ſeveral Years of our Lord, One thouſand eight hundred, One thouſand nine hundred, Two thouſand one hundred, Two thouſand two hundred, Two thouſand three hundred, or any other Hundredth Years of our Lord, which ſhall happen in Time to come, except only every Fourth hundredth Year of our Lord, whereof the Year of our Lord Two thouſand ſhall be the Firſt, ſhall not be eſteemed or taken to be Biſſextile or Leap Years, but ſhall be taken to be common Years, conſiſting of Three hundred and ſixty five Days, and no more; and that the Years of our Lord, Two thouſand eight hundred, and every other Fourth hundredth Year of our Lord, from the ſaid Year of our Lord Two Thouſand incluſive, and alſo all other Years of our Lord, which by the preſent Supputation are eſteemed to be Biſſextile, or Leap Years, ſhall for the future, and in all Times to come be eſteemed and taken to be Biſſextile or Leap Years, conſiſting of Three hundred and ſixty ſix Days, in the ſame Sort and Manner as is now uſed with reſpect to every Fourth Year of our Lord.

1751, “An Act for regulating the Commencement of the Year; and for correcting the Calendar now in Use”, in Anno Regni Georgii II. Regis Magnæ Britanniæ, Franciæ, & Hiberniæ, Vicesimo-Quarto. […], Edinburgh: […] the Assigns of Robert Freebairn […], pages 7–8:

IN TESTIMONY WHEREOF, / I have hereunto set my hand and caused the seal of the National Archives and Records Administration to be affixed. / DONE at the City of Washington this 18th day of May in the year of our Lord one thousand nine hundred and ninety-two.

1992, certification of the Twenty-seventh Amendment to the United States Constitution, (image):

Born in the year of our Lord nineteen hundred and eighty on September 9, Jeremy had many wonderful friends and family, which sit here with us today.

2007, Tom Thunderhorse, Charlie Goodbear, Xlibris, →ISBN, page 168:

(Christianity) A year of the Common Era/Christian Era; anno Domini; numbered from the once estimated first year for the birth of Jesus Christ.


joss stick

For instance, Hawkins, Lewis, Hankin and Sengupta all cover the word agarbatti, an incense stick or joss stick, but there is no way of knowing when this term was first used in Indian English, nor whether it is now current or obsolete.

2012, James Lambert, “Beyond Hobson-Jobson: A new lexicography for Indian English”, in World Englishes, page 300:

A stick of incense, especially (China Taoism, Buddhism, etc.) those burned as an offering before a Chinese shrine.


shofar

shofar (plural shofars or shofroth or shofarot or shofaroth)

shofars (plural)
shofroth (plural)
shofarot (plural)
shofaroth (plural)

From the Hebrew שׁוֹפָר (shofár, “shofar”).

Thaddeus the fluteplayer had, it seems, found a ram’s horn or shofar, and he was blowing this not in the normal manner of an angry summons but so as to produce a melody of four notes, like a camp call to dinner or parade.

1985, Anthony Burgess, Kingdom of the Wicked:


sheeny

Shylock chimes with the jewbaiting that followed the hanging and quartering of the queen’s leech Lopez, his jew’s heart being plucked forth while the sheeny was yet alive.

1922 February, James Joyce, Ulysses, Paris: Shakespeare and Company, […], →OCLC:

"I've told you before now not to push that long, sheeny beak of yours into my affairs."

1925 July – 1926 May, A[rthur] Conan Doyle, “(please specify the chapter number)”, in The Land of Mist (eBook no. 0601351h.html), Australia: Project Gutenberg Australia, published April 2019:

One time in Humboldt Park Leo "Bow" Gisensohn, our leader, didn't like the way a cop down by the lake called him "sheeny."

1946, Milton “Mezz” Mezzrow, Bernard Wolfe, “Don’t Cry, Ma”, in Really the Blues, New York, N.Y.: Random House, book 1 (1899–1923: A Nothin’ but a Child), page 6:

Max Baer ain't no Jew.
Sure he is. Everybody knows that. Sheeny to the core.

2005, “Creed, OK”, in Carnivàle, episode 17:


sodality

From the French sodalité or its etymon, the Latin sodālitās, from sodālis (“companion”).

On the wall of his bedroom hung an illuminated scroll, the certificate of his prefecture in the college of the sodality of the Blessed Virgin Mary.

1916 December 29, James Joyce, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, New York, N.Y.: B[enjamin] W. Huebsch, →OCLC:

(Christianity) Spiritual communion with a divine being, a fellowship


heavenly body

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-heavenly body.wav

(religion, chiefly Christianity) The recreated, angel-like body that people will have in heaven.


mindstream

(Buddhist philosophy) The succession of moments of consciousness proceeding endlessly from lifetime to lifetime.


tilak

I wore these spots of shine and silver like tilaks, the marks of colour that we Hindus wear on our foreheads as symbols of the divine.

He dressed in a dhoti, had a wispy white beard that trailed down to his waist, and regularly smeared across his forehead a tilaka, a pitchfork-shaped design that signifies enlightenment.

2012 April 30, Jake Halpern, “The Secret of the Temple”, in The New Yorker:

A mark or symbol worn on the forehead by Hindus, ornamentally or as an indication of status.


tapu

tapu (countable and uncountable, plural tapus)

Borrowed from Maori tapu. Doublet of kapu.

Spies were sent to test the Moriori’s mettle by violating tapu & despoiling holy sites.

2004, David Mitchell, Cloud Atlas, London: Hodder and Stoughton, →ISBN:


tapu

en-verb

tapu (third-person singular simple present tapus, present participle tapuing, simple past and past participle tapued)

tapus (present singular third-person)
tapuing (participle present)
tapued (participle past)
tapued (past)

Tapuing seeds and fields are types of the English laws for protecting out-door property; women tapued to men is matrimony; tapuing sick persons is analogous to the quarantine orders against lepers, the plague and the yellow fever.

1859, Arthur Saunders Thomson, The Story of New Zealand: Past and Present, page 105:


mala

Transliteration of Sanskrit माला (mālā, “wreath, garland, crown”).

translit

His words were like beads on the string of a mala, escaping his lips in small puffs of air.

2021, Ruth Ozeki, The Book of Form and Emptiness, Canongate Books (2022), page 413:

(Hinduism, Sikhism) A bead or a set of beads commonly used by Hindus and Buddhists for keeping count while reciting, chanting, or mentally repeating a mantra or the name or names of a deity.


tunicle

Latin tunicula, diminutive of tunica (“tunic”).

1845, In illustrating his views on the Popish tendency of these rubrics, the rev. gentleman particularly referred to the use of the alb, and cope, and tunicle, by the clergy in the discharge of their official duties. — The Times, 11 Jan 1845, p.5 col. D


jubilee

en-noun

jubilee (countable and uncountable, plural jubilees)

/ˌd͡ʒuːbɪˈliː/

senses 3.3 and 3.4 when spelled jubile, obsolete

Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office

From Late Middle English jubile [and other forms], from Middle French jubile, from Old French jubilee, jubileus (modern French jubilé), from Late Latin iūbilaeus (adjective, also treated as a noun), from Ancient Greek ἰωβηλαῖος (iōbēlaîos, “of a jubilee”), from ἰώβηλος (iṓbēlos, “jubilee”) + -ῐος (-ios, suffix meaning ‘of or pertaining to’ forming adjectives). Ἰώβηλος (Iṓbēlos) is derived from Hebrew יוֹבֵל (yōḇēl, “ram, trumpet made from a ram’s horn; jubilee”) (because a ram’s horn trumpet was originally used to proclaim the event; see Leviticus 25:9), influenced by Latin iūbilum (“a cry, a shout”) and iūbilō (“to cheer, shout or sing joyfully”). Cognate with Italian giubileo, Spanish jubileo.

der

(Roman Catholicism) A special year (originally held every hundred years, then at more frequent intervals, and now declarable by the Pope at any time and also for periods less than a year) in which plenary indulgences and remission from sin can be granted upon making a pilgrimage to Rome or other designated churches.

禧年

(Roman Catholicism) special year in which plenary indulgences and remission from sin can be granted upon making a pilgrimage


Diwali

Borrowed from Hindi दिवाली (divālī), from Sanskrit दीपावलि (dīpāvali, literally “row of lights”), from दीप (dīpa, “light”) + आवलि (āvali, “series, line, row”). Doublet of Deepavali.

(Hinduism) An annual festival of light, observed during several days in October and November.

Deepawali

more often used in Malaysia and Singapore

Kali Puja

more often used in Bangladesh, Bengal, and Odisha


consistory

Inherited from Middle English consistorie, from Old Northern French consistorie (“secular tribunal”) (Old French consistoire), and Late Latin consistorium (“waiting room, meeting place of the imperial council”). Meaning "Church council" is from early 14th century.

der

And so were many greate and heighnous maters Obiected against S. Ambrose, because he refused to haue the cause betwene himselfe and the Heretike Auxentius, to be tried in the Consistorie of the Emperour, before Secular Iudges.

1566, John Rastell, The Third Book, Declaring by Examples out of Ancient Councels, Fathers, and Later Writers, that it is Time to Beware of M. Iewel, Antwerp, folio 23ʳ:

(obsolete, Early Modern) A civil court of justice.


ushabti

Borrowed from Egyptian w-S-b-t:y-A53 (wšbtj, “ushabti”, literally “answerer”), by folk etymology from earlier SA-wA-b-t:y-A53 (šꜣwꜣbtj), perhaps from S-wA-b-M1 (šwꜣb, “persea (tree)”), which may have been the material they were originally made from. The variant forms shawabti, shabti are borrowed directly from the earlier Egyptian forms šꜣwꜣbtj and šꜣbtj, respectively.

bor

These little images were called in Egyptian “Ushabti,” or “Respondents,” and were in fact supposed to act as servants of the deceased, it being their duty to answer for him and serve as his substitutes when called upon to do labourer's work [...].

1886 September 1, The Times, p.13 col. A:

The air was all at once full of Egyptian and Greek tear-bottles, Ushabti, and Sèvres.

Spectacular objects began to surface throughout the world; […] elaborate ivory powder boxes engraved with peacocks or pictures of lions and unicorns playing draughts, precious ushabtiu figures, the combs of an unknown princess, her red ivory jars of frankincense and eye paint, copper coffers, poison rings, diadems.

1993, Rikki Ducornet, The Jade Cabinet, Dalkey Archive Press, page 121:

In Ancient Egypt, a figurine of a dead person, placed in their tomb to do their work for them in the afterlife.


confessionalism

en-noun

confessionalism (countable and uncountable, plural confessionalisms)

Confessionalism (poetry)
Confessionalism (religion)

(religion) A belief in the importance of full and unambiguous assent to the whole of a religious teaching.


Hellenism

Hellenism (countable and uncountable, plural Hellenisms)

Either via French hellénisme or Latin Hellēnismus or directly from Ancient Greek Ἑλληνισμός (Hellēnismós, “imitation of the Greeks”), from Ἕλλην (Héllēn, “a Greek”).

hel·lenisme

Any of the characteristics of ancient Greek culture, civilization, principles and ideals, including humanism, reason, the pursuit of knowledge and the arts, moderation and civic responsibility.

The modern-day revival of the polytheistic religious system of Ancient Greece.

The culture and civilization of the Hellenistic period.

The admiration for and adoption of ancient Greek culture, ideas and civilization.

hel·lenisme

admiration for and adoption of Greek culture


veronica

A veil that had wiped off the sweat of Christ? Who could possibly believe that? (…) The only true Veronica of this century was the veronica of the matador – the classic slow swing of the cape before the bull’s face, imitating that holy wiping, mocking it.

1973, Nicholas Monsarrat, The Kapillan of Malta:

He wiped the lady’s martini glass, having had some trouble with a kind of veronica of lipstick, spat in it viciously, then washed it again.

(Roman Catholicism) The image of Jesus's face believed to have been made on the cloth with which St Veronica wiped his face as he went to be crucified; or the cloth used for this.

véronique

(Roman Catholicism) image of Jesus's face on a cloth; the cloth itself


Hieronymite

A member of any of various mediaeval congregations of hermits named after St. Jerome.


venial sin

(Roman Catholicism, theology) A sin that is not a mortal sin; a sin that is not grave, or was not deliberate or was committed without a full understanding of the consequences.


deist

en-adj

deist (comparative more deist, superlative most deist)

more deist (comparative)
most deist (superlative)

From French déiste, from New Latin deista, from Latin Deus (“God”) + -ista (“-ist”).


deist

(religion) a person who believes in deism.


stake of Zion

(Mormonism) A territorial subdivision of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints consisting of several wards and, possibly, branches.

Stake (Latter Day Saints)
Zion (Latter Day Saints)


chametz

The eating of chametz (leavened products) is explicitly prohibited on Passover (Exod. 12:19–20; 13:3), for the Israelites “took their dough before it was leavened” (Exod. 12:34) and left Egypt in great haste.

2010, Ronald Eisenberg, What the Rabbis Said: 250 Topics from the Talmud, page 219:

A chametz-free total environment is the Passover goal, so any place where chametz was or might have been used during the year is thoroughly checked and cleaned lest any chametz has been left behind.

2011, Irving Greenberg, The Jewish Way: Living the Holidays, page 43:

(Judaism) Food products made from leavened grain flour, which may not be consumed on Passover in Judaism.


mortal sin

en-noun

mortal sin (countable and uncountable, plural mortal sins)

(Roman Catholicism, theology) A sin which causes the loss of God's grace, leading to eternal damnation, unless the sinner repents, which includes their intent to confess and atone; such a sin is defined as a grave transgression against one of the Ten Commandments with the full knowledge and deliberate consent of the sinner.

deadly sin

strictly a different concept, though often used interchangeably


fixed feast

(Christianity) an annual celebration that is held on the same calendar date every year, such as Christmas (December 25)


fallen angel

(Christianity, Islam) An angel who rebelled against God and was exiled from heaven.


maundy

maundy (countable and uncountable, plural maundies)

From Middle English maundee, maunde, from Old French mandée (“mandated”), from Latin mandatum (“commandment”). Doublet of mandate. The word came to refer to the foot-washing ceremony performed on Thursday before Easter because of the phrase used by Jesus to explain his act of foot-washing, which in the Latin Vulgate begins: Mandatum novum do vobis ut diligatis invicem ..., i.e. "A new commandment I give unto you: That you love one another …" (John 13:34).

(Christianity) The ceremony of washing the feet of poor persons or inferiors, performed as a religious rite on Maundy Thursday in commemoration of Christ's washing the disciples' feet at the Last Supper.

voetwassing

(Christianity) The office appointed to be read during the religious ceremony of foot-washing.


altar screen

(architecture, Christianity) A partition, often richly decorated, separating the nave from the chancel in a church; a rood screen.


legalism

legalism (countable and uncountable, plural legalisms)

(religion) A belief that salvation is attained or maintained by adherence to the requirements of moral law; salvation by works rather than by faith alone.


pace egg

A hard-boiled coloured egg traditionally made at Easter, often given to relatives and friends as a token of goodwill. It was traditional to jarp with the eggs before eating them.

County Durham website dedicated to preservation of dialect terms


Arianism

/ˈɛəɹɪənɪzəm/

Eponym from its chief proponent Arius, a priest in Alexandria circa 323 AD: Arian + -ism.

(Christianity) A Christological doctrine, condemned as heretical by the Council of Nicaea, which holds that Jesus was created by God, rather than being God himself.


Nestorianism

Nestorianism (countable and uncountable, plural Nestorianisms)

From Nestorius, Patriarch of Constantinople (consecrated 428).

(Christianity) The Christological doctrine ascribed to Nestorius, condemned as heretical by the Council of Ephesus but later also ascribed to the Church of the East, holding that within Christ there are two distinct hypostases, divine and human.


Holy Saturday

The Saturday immediately after Good Friday and before Easter.

lankalauantai

the Saturday immediately after Good Friday


syndic

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-syndic.wav

Borrowed from French syndic (“delegated representative; a chief magistrate of Geneva; a censor; critic (obsolete)”), from Late Latin syndicus (“representative of a corporation or town, syndic”), from Ancient Greek σύνδικος (súndikos, “advocate of a defendant”), from σῠν- (sun-, prefix meaning ‘together, with’) + δῐ́κη (díkē, “law, order; right; judgment; justice; lawsuit; trial”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *deyḱ- (“to point out”)) + -ος (-os, suffix forming nouns).

ref

From the collection of the Rijksmuseum Amsterdam in the Netherlands.

der

The larger powers with which the syndic was invested by Martin IV and by his successors, Martin V ("Constitutiones Martinianae") in Wadding, "Annales", X, 301) and Paul IV ("Ex Clementi", 1 July, 1555), gave rise to the appellation syndicus Martinianus in contradistinction to syndicus communis.

1912, Catholic Encyclopedia - Volume 14, page 385:

(Catholicism) A layperson who is given official responsibility for the finances, care, and civil administration of the nonreligious details of a convent or religious community.


Nathan

en-proper noun

Nathan (countable and uncountable, plural Nathans)

From Hebrew נָתָן (natán, “gave”). Also short for Jonathan.

And Dauids anger was greatly kindled against the man, and he said to Nathan, As the Lord liueth, the man that hath done this thing, shall surely die. And he shall restore the Lambe fourefold, because he did this thing, and because he had no pittie. And Nathan said to Dauid, Thou art the man: […]

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 2 Samuel 12:5–7:

(biblical) An Old Testament prophet who advised King David.


publican

From Middle English publican [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman publican, pupplican, Middle French publicain, and Old French publican, publicain, pupplican (“tax collector”) (modern French publicain), and from their etymon Latin pūblicānus (“tax collector”), from pūblicum (“state revenue”) + -ānus (suffix meaning ‘of or pertaining to’, usually indicating relationships of origin, position, or possession). Pūblicum is a noun use of the neuter form of pūblicus (“of or belonging to the people, state, or community; general, public”), ultimately from Proto-Italic *poplos (“army”), further etymology unknown.
Sense 3.2 (“person excommunicated from the church; person who does not follow a Christian religion”) refers to Matthew 18:17 of the Bible: see the King James Version quotation under sense 1.
cognates
* Catalan publicà
* Italian pubblicano
* Middle Dutch publicaen, puppilicaen, pupplicaen (modern Dutch publicaan (obsolete), publikaan)
* Middle High German publicān, publicāne (early modern German Publican).
* Middle Low German pūblicān
* Old Occitan publican, puplican
* Portuguese publicano
* Spanish publicano

ref

The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], 1611, →OCLC, Luke 19:9–10, column 2: “This day is ſaluation come to this houſe, forſomuch as he alſo is the ſonne of Abraham. For the ſonne of man is come to ſeeke, and to ſaue that which was loſt.”

nb...

publicane, publycan, publycane, pubplican, pubplycan, pupblican, pupblycan, puplican, puplicane, pupplican, pupplicane

(Christianity) A person excommunicated from the church; an excommunicant or excommunicate; also, a person who does not follow a Christian religion; a heathen, a pagan.


spiritual desertion

en-noun

spiritual desertion (plural spiritual desertions)

The departure from the Christian faith or some branch of it.


Discordian

en-adj

Discordian (comparative more Discordian, superlative most Discordian)

more Discordian (comparative)
most Discordian (superlative)

Of or pertaining to Discordianism, an absurdist religion founded in the 1950s.

Inspired by or resembling the traditions of Discordianism.


Discordian

A person who subscribes to the ideas of Discordianism.


manualist

(Christianity) One who supports the idea of producing manuals, or instruction books, to train the Roman Catholic clergy.


Davidic

(biblical) Of, or relating to the Biblical King David and his descendants.


manualism

(Christianity) The practice of producing manuals, or instruction books, to train the Roman Catholic clergy.


Monophysite

From Medieval Latin monophysita, from Byzantine Greek μονοφυσίτης (monophusítēs), from Ancient Greek μόνος (mónos, “single”) + φύσις (phúsis, “nature”).

der

(Christianity) A member of a Christian sect which held that Jesus Christ has one nature, as opposed to the Chalcedonian view that Christ has two natures, both fully man and fully God, and is co-eternal and co-substantial with the Father.

միաբնակ

member of an early Christian sect which held that Jesus Christ has one nature

Oriental Orthodox Church
Oriental Orthodox Church

(Christianity, derogatory) A member of the Oriental Orthodox Church.


crosier

From Middle English ; originally referring to the staff bearer, from a merger of Old French words crocier (“bearer of a cross”) and croisier (“one who bears or has to do with a cross”), ultimately from Latin crux (“cross”).

A staff with a hooked end similar to a shepherd's crook, or with a cross at the end, carried by an abbot, bishop, or archbishop as a symbol of office.


Nicene Creed

Named after the council of Nicaea in 325, called by the Emperor Constantine I to settle the question of the nature of Christ.

The first official creed of the early Christian church, stating the basic tenets of the Christian faith, including the nature of the Holy Trinity.

Geloofsbelydenis van Nicea

official creed of the early Christian church stating tenets of the Christian faith


cruet

From Middle English, from Anglo-Norman cruet, diminutive of Old French crue (“an earthen pot”), from Old Saxon krūka.

(Christianity) A small vessel used to hold wine or water for the Eucharist.


patroness

From Middle English patronesse, from Late Latin patronissa, from Classical Latin patrōnus; equivalent to patron + -ess.

And Night, the patronesse of love-stealth fayre, / Gave them safe conduct, till to end they came.

1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto X”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:

As a young girl, Sor Juana felt protected by Minerva's wisdom and knowledge, and this may explain why she felt connected to this goddess who was patroness of both wisdom and, “persons engaged in the learned professions.”

2014, Theresa A. Yugar, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, page 90:

(religion) A female patron goddess or saint.


hebdomad

From Late Latin hebdomada (“number seven; group of seven; seven days”), hebdomas (“number seven; seven days; seventh day”), from Ancient Greek ἑβδομάς (hebdomás, “group of seven, especially seven days or seven years”), from ἑπτά (heptá, “seven”) + -ᾰ́ς (-ás, suffix forming abstract nouns of number from numerals). The word is cognate with French hebdomadaire, hebdo (“weekly periodical”), hebdomadairement (“weekly”), Portuguese hebdomadário (“weekly periodical”), Spanish hebdomadario (“weekly; weekly periodical; hebdomadary”).

cog

For that ſaying of our Saviour, My Father worketh hitherto, and I work, is by the moſt judicious underſtood of the works of preſervation and providence: Thoſe of creation being concluded within the firſt Hebdomade, accordingly as is expreſt in the Hiſtory, that God on the ſeventh day reſted from all his works.

1662, [Joseph Glanvill], “Daily Creation of Souls is Inconsistent with the Divine Attributes”, in Lux Orientalis, or An Enquiry into the Opinion of the Eastern Sages, Concerning the Præexistence of Souls. […], London: Printed, and are to be sold at Cambridge, and Oxford, →OCLC; republished in Two Choice and Useful Treatises: The One Lux Orientalis; […]. The Other, A Discourse of Truth, […], London: Printed for James Collins and Sam[uel] Lowndes […], 1682, →OCLC, pages 14–15:

[page 115] The truth is, "we discover no trace of a Sabbath" even among those oriental nations which had the hebdomade or week: but to the Greeks, the week itself was unknown!—their smallest interval being the decade or period of ten days. [...] [page 121] Making due allowance for the natural exaggeration of an apologist, the substance of this statement expresses a well-recognized fact in Roman history. "The institution of the Hebdomade" (introduced about the date of the Christian era) did travel almost throughout the empire.

1853, J[ohn] Newton Brown, W[illia]m B[enjamin] Taylor, “The Abrogation of the Sabbath. Reply to ‘J[ohn] N[ewton] B[rown]’”, in The Obligation of the Sabbath: A Discussion between Rev. J. Newton Brown, and Wm. B. Taylor, Philadelphia, Pa.: A[braham] Hart, late Carey and Hart, →OCLC, pages 115 and 121:

(historical or Christianity) A period of seven days; a week.

When, then, the Great Archon had been orally instructed, and every creature of the Ogdoad had been orally instructed and taught, and [after] the mystery became known to the celestial [powers], it was also necessary that afterwards the Gospel should come to the Hebdomad, in order likewise that the Archon of the Hebdomad might be similarly instructed and indoctrinated into the Gospel.

1868, Hippolytus of Rome, chapter XIV, in J. H. MacMahon, transl., edited by Alexander Roberts and James Donaldson, The Refutation of All Heresies, by Hippolytus: […] (Ante-Nicene Christian Library: Translations of the Writings of the Fathers down to A.D. 325; VI (Hippolytus, Bishop of Rome)), volume I, Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, […]; London: Hamilton & Co.; Dublin: John Robertson & Co., →OCLC, book VII (Of the Refutation of All Heresies), page 284:

The light came down from the Hebdomad upon Jesus the Son of Mary. That this descent of the light was represented as taking place at the Annunciation, and not merely at the Baptism, is clearly implied in the express reference to the words of the angel in Luke i. 35, "A Holy Spirit shall come upon thee," [...]

1877, Fenton John Anthony Hort, “Basilides”, in William Smith, Henry Wace, editors, A Dictionary of Christian Biography, Literature, Sects and Doctrines: […], volumes I (A–D), Boston, Mass.: Little, Brown, and Company, →OCLC, page 273, column 1:

(Gnosticism) A group of seven world-creating archons (supernatural beings) often regarded as somewhat hostile; also, a term of address for the Demiurge (“a being sometimes seen as the creator of evil”).


Books of Moses

From the traditional view that the Pentateuch was authored by Moses, now rejected by most scholars.

The first five books of the Hebrew Bible.


pysanka

Borrowed from Ukrainian пи́санка (pýsanka), from писа́ти (pysáty, “to write”), referring to writing on an egg with a stylus in a wax-resist dyeing process, from Proto-Slavic *pьsati, related to *pьstrъ (“feathered”), + feminine ending -ка (-ka).

A hand-decorated Ukrainian Easter egg with intricate designs.

пі́санка

Easter egg decorated with intricate designs


Vulgate

A particular Latin translation of the Bible made by Saint Jerome in the late 4th-century CE.


Albigensian

en-adj

Albigensian (comparative more Albigensian, superlative most Albigensian)

more Albigensian (comparative)
most Albigensian (superlative)

of or relating to the heresy of Catharism, which first took hold in Albi, France


Albigensian

an adherent to Catharism, which first took hold in Albi, France


Albigenses

Roman Catholic Church
Roman Catholic Church

(historical, Christianity) A sect of reformers opposed to the Roman Catholic Church in the 12th century AD, considered heretics who were subject to the Albigensian Crusade; a branch of the Catharists, distinct from the Waldenses.


yahrzeit

PIE word
 *yóh₁r̥
Borrowed from Yiddish יאָרצײַט (yortsayt), from Middle High German jārzīt (“anniversary; Christian commemoration of a person’s death”); from Middle High German jār (“year”) (from Old High German jār (“year”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *yéh₁n- (“year”)) + Middle High German zīt (“time”) (from Old High German zīt (“time”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dī- (“time”)). The Yiddish word is cognate with German Jahreszeit (“season”), which heavily influenced the spelling and pronunciation once the word was borrowed into English. Doublet of yeartide.

der

"Yahrzeit" (year's time) is the anniversary of the parent's death. On the evening preceding, a light is kindled in the house, and kept burning until the following sundown. Synagogue service in the morning and evening is also attended, and the kaddish recited. "Nahala" (inheritance) is the poetic equivalent of the Spanish and Portuguese Jews for the Teutonic Yahrzeit.

1892 February, Richard Wheatley, “The Jews in New York.—II.”, in The Century Illustrated Magazine, volume XLIII, number 4, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co.; London: T[homas] Fisher Unwin, →OCLC, page 516:

Sad to say, the Yahrzeit of every-Jew is fading away from the memory of the average Jew in America.

1930 August 1, Leon Spitz, “Tisha b’Ab—The yahrzeit of every Jew”, in The Canadian Jewish Chronicle, Montreal, Que.: The Eagle Publishing Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 1:

The yahrzeit is here, and the least lachrymose country on earth is devising its rituals of commemoration.

2002 September 2, Leon Wieseltier, “A Year Later”, in Peter Beinart, editor, The New Republic, New York, N.Y.: The Republic Publishing Company, →ISSN, →OCLC:

Let's remember Hank Greenberg's yahrzeit, the 30th of Av, which falls this year on Sept. 3.

2016 August 10, Irwin Cohen, “Hank Greenberg’s 30th yahrzeit”, in The Jewish Press, New York, N.Y.: The Jewish Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2017-01-13:

(Judaism) The anniversary of a person's death, usually a parent's, often marked by the lighting of a memorial candle and other rituals.

נַחֲלָה

(Judaism) anniversary of a person's death


Levi

Ultimately from Biblical Hebrew לֵוִי (Leví), of uncertain origin. Doublet of Lewi.

Now the sons of Jacob were twelve: ²³ The sons of Leah; Reuben, Jacob's firstborn, and Simeon, and Levi, and Judah, and Issachar, and Zebulun: ²⁴ The sons of Rachel; Joseph, and Benjamin: ²⁵ And the sons of Bilhah, Rachel's handmaid; Dan, and Naphtali: ²⁶ And the sons of Zilpah, Leah's handmaid; Gad, and Asher: these are the sons of Jacob, which were born to him in Padan-aram.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 35:22b-26:

(biblical) The third son of Jacob, by his wife Leah.


Franciscan

From Medieval Latin Franciscānus, from Franciscus + -ānus (“-an”).

(Catholicism) A member of the Order of the Friars Minor.

(Catholicism, inexact) A monk or nun of related orders such as the Poor Clares.


Franciscan

(Catholicism) Of or related to the Franciscans.


Tobias

Derived from Ancient Greek Τοβίας (Tobías), from Hebrew טוֹבִיָּה (toviyá, literally “my good is YHWH”).

der

Then said he to Tobias, Prepare thyself for the journey, and God send you a good journey. And when his son had prepared all things far the journey, his father said, Go thou with this man, and God, which dwelleth in heaven, prosper your journey, and the angel of God keep you company. So they went forth both, and the young man's dog with them.

The main character in the Book of Tobit, regarded as apocryphal by most Protestants (Biblical character).


wobbler

(slang, British, Ireland, Islam, derogatory) a Salafi.


fire and brimstone

Calque of Biblical Hebrew גׇּפְרִ֣ית וָאֵ֑שׁ (gofrit va’esh) and Ancient Greek πυρὸς καὶ θείου (puròs kaì theíou), appearing in both the Hebrew Bible and the New Testament.

calque

גׇּפְרִ֣ית וָאֵ֑שׁ

πυρὸς καὶ θείου

And the third Angel followed them, ſaying with a lowd voice, If any man worship the beaſt and his image, and receiue his marke in his forehead, or in his hand, / The ſame ſhall drinke of the wine of the wrath of God, which is powred out without mixture into the cup of his indignation, and hee ſhall be tormented with fire and brimſtone, in the preſence of the holy Angels, and in the preſence of the Lambe:

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Revelation 14:9–10:


popery

en-noun

popery (countable and uncountable, plural poperies)

"And so plan another escape, through some of the cursed passages with which this relic of popery abounds?"

1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], Francesca Carrara. […], volume III, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, pages 66–67:

Popery appears to be making special efforts, at the present time, to reusurp the power which it once possessed in this country, […]

1854, The Home Friend, Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, page 385:

(usually derogatory, Christianity) The teachings, practices and accoutrements of the Roman Catholic Church.


Salome

From Ancient Greek Σαλώμη (Salṓmē), from Hebrew שְׁלוֹמִית (sh'lomít) (belonging to the same root as שָׁלוֹם (shalóm, “peace”)).

en:Salome
en:Salome (disambiguation)
en:Salome (disciple)
en:Salome (given name)

(biblical) A woman mentioned in Mark 16:1, present at the crucifixion of Christ.


hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia

/hɛks.əˌkəʊ.si.ɔɪ.hɛksˌɛk.ən.təˌhɛks.əˈfəʊ.bi.ə/

Ancient Greek ἑξακόσιοι (hexakósioi, “six hundred”) + ἑξήκοντα (hexḗkonta, “sixty”) + ἕξ (héx, “six”) + -phobia

uder

You'll see “lucky” 666 in many shop windows across China, which may come as a shock to believers in the Beast and those with hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia.

2008 May 6, Deborah Aaronson with Kevin Kwan, Luck: The Essential Guide, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OL, page 132:

Fear of certain numbers will not help you. Just ask someone who suffers from triskaidekaphobia, tetraphobia, or hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia.

2009 November 3, Patricia Kirkman with Katherine A. Gleason, The Complete Idiot's Guide: Numerology Workbook, →ISBN, →OL:

(chiefly Christianity) Fear of the number 666.


hellfire

en-noun

hellfire (countable and uncountable, plural hellfires)

/ˈhɛlˌfaɪəɹ/

From Middle English helle fire, helever, from Old English hellefȳr, equivalent to hell + fire. Cognate with West Frisian helfjoer (“hellfire”), Dutch hellevuur (“hellfire”), German Höllenfeuer (“hellfire”).


Hebrews

(biblical) The nineteenth book of the New Testament of the Bible, the epistle to the Hebrews.

ਇਬਰਾਨੀਆਂ ਨੂੰ

ibarānīā̃ nū̃


Moroni

Possibly equivalent to Etymology 1 through Joseph Smith hearing of the Comorian city and transferring the name to the angel.

(Mormonism) The last book in the Book of Mormon.

(Mormonism) A prophet and military and spiritual leader of the Nephites, author of one of the books in the Book of Mormon.


i-

From Middle English i-, y-, ȝe-, from Old English ġe-, from Proto-West Germanic *ga-, from Proto-Germanic *ga-, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱó-, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“with, near, by, along”). Cognate with Dutch ge-, Low German ge-, je-, e-, German ge-.

der

(obsolete) Used to form past participles of verbs. Alternative spelling of y-


i-

From Latin ī-, assimilated form of in- used before g-.

A form of the prefix in-, used before gn, as in ignoble, ignominy, and ignore.


i-

(Jamaica) Used to transform English words into words used by Rastafarians with a special meaning.


i-

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₁en-
Proto-Indo-European *h₁en-
Proto-Indo-European *h₁én
Proto-Indo-European *h₁entér
Proto-Italic *ənter
Latin inter
Latin inter-bor.
English inter-
Proto-Indo-European *neHd-der.
Proto-Germanic *natją
Proto-West Germanic *nati
Old English nett
Middle English net
English net
Proto-Indo-European *werǵ-
Proto-Indo-European *-om
Proto-Indo-European *wérǵom
Proto-Germanic *werką
Proto-West Germanic *werk
Old English weorc
Middle English werk
English work
English network
English internetwork
English Internet
English i-
From Internet. Popularized in the name of the iMac line of computers (1998).

etymon

i- + pod → iPod

i- + phone → iPhone

i- + Mac → iMac

I-WHAT?! Seems everyone's ripping off the iMac idea. Take this parody ad for the fruity-colored “iBrator” at sleeplessknights.com.

1999 November 1, Melissa August, “Ad Infinitum”, in Time, volume 154, page 39:

In our “iWorld” of new gadgets and cool widgets, help us to ponder the reality that over half of the population on the earth exists on three of our American dollars, or less, a day.

2011, Scotty Smith, Everyday Prayers: 365 Days to a Gospel-Centered Faith, Baker Books, →ISBN, page 178:

Alluding to digital devices and computer programs, especially those that are cutting-edge or fashionable, and those from Apple.


nonconformity

en-noun

nonconformity (countable and uncountable, plural nonconformities)

Here then is S. Pauls Judaeus in abscondito, a Jew inwardly. Here is the true Recusant, and the true Non-conformitan; Au∣diunt, sed non faciunt: he comes to hear, but never comes to doe; there's Recusancy: he confesses that he hath received good instru∣ction, but he refufes to conform himself unto it; there's Non-con∣formity'.

1618, John Donne, XXVI Sermons (Never Before Publish'd) Preached by That Learned and Reverend Divine John Donne, Doctor in Divinity, Late Dean of the Cathedral Church of St Pauls, London: The Third Volume, London, published 1661, page 25; republished as XXVI Sermons: The Third Volume Preached by That Learned and Reverend Divine John Donne …, Ann Arbor, Michigan: Text Creation Partnership, [c. 2010s], retrieved 2022-11-30, page 25:

en:refusal to conform to a state religion

Refusal to conform to the doctrine, discipline, or practice of a state religion, especially refusal by other Protestants to conform to the doctrine or discipline of the Church of England; the principles or practice of nonconformists; nonconformists as a class.


Santiago

/sæntiˈɑːɡəʊ/

Chinese Filipino
Guan Yu
James, brother of Jesus
Jose Rizal
Santiago
Santiago (disambiguation)

From Spanish Santiago, ellision of earlier Sant'Iago and Sant Iago, from Latin Sanctus Iācōbus (“Saint James or holy James”), the latter word deriving from Ancient Greek Ἰάκωβος (Iákōbos), from Hebrew יַעֲקֹב (ya‘ăqṓḇ, “Jacob”, literally “he will/shall heel”), from עָקֵב (‘āqḗḇ, “heel”) and the Biblical account of the patriarch Jacob's birth in Genesis 25:26. Piecewise doublet of Saint James.
The Guan Yu sense among Chinese Filipinos in the Philippines is due to a syncretic association of the deified Chinese general with St. James, who are both known for their assertiveness and heroism, which non-Chinese and people in the Philippines like Jose Rizal during the 19th century first associated with and/or surmised the Chinese folk deities venerated by Chinese Filipinos on Chinese altars and prints with popular Christian or Muslim figures.

der

(Philippines, Chinese Filipino, Chinese folk religion, Taoism) Synonym of Guan Yu, a famous 2nd-century Chinese warrior subsequently worshipped as a god of war.

Chinese Filipino; Chinese folk religion; Taoism; Chinese Filipino; Chinese folk religion; Taoism


four by two

Cockney rhyming slang
Cockney rhyming slang


Lord's Supper

(Christianity) The Last Supper at Passover of Jesus with his disciples.


Celtic cross

(cartomancy) A spread commonly used by tarotists, usually comprising a six-card "circle" or "cross" on the left and a four-card "staff" on the right.


rupa

From Sanskrit रूप (rūpá, “form, shape, figure”).

bor

(Buddhism) form, shape, outward appearance.


dati

Borrowed from Hebrew דתי (datí, “religious”).

bor+

(Judaism) religious rather than secular; observing Jewish customs


Hashemite

From Arabic هَاشِمِيّ (hāšimiyy, “Hashemite”) with English suffix -ite, from هَاشِم (hāšim, “Hashim”). The name signifies "breaker of bread", from هَشَمَ (hašama, “to destroy, smash”).

der

One who lays claim to being a direct descendant of Hashim, the great grandfather of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

هَاشِمِيّ

one claiming to be a direct descendant of Hashim


universal opportunity

(theology) The idea, particularly in Christianity, that an opportunity to follow the deity, e.g. Jesus, will be an option at the time of death.


nasi

Borrowed from Arabic نَسِيء (nasīʔ, literally “postponement”).

bor

(Islam) The intercalation of a month in the calendar of pre-Islamic Arabia, often considered heretical.


excommunicate

From Ecclesiastical Latin, Late Latin excommunicātus, perfect passive participle of excommunicō (“put out of the community”). By surface analysis, ex- + communicate. Displaced native Old English āmǣnsumian.

[…]the iewes had conſpyred allredy that yff eny man did confeſſe that he was Chriſt / he ſhulde be excommunicat out of the Sinagoge.

1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, John ix:[22], folio cxxxiiij, verso:

Thou ſhalt ſtand curſt, and excommunicate[…]

c. 1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life and Death of King Iohn”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i], page 9, column 2:


excommunicate

en-verb

excommunicate (third-person singular simple present excommunicates, present participle excommunicating, simple past and past participle excommunicated)

excommunicates (present singular third-person)
excommunicating (participle present)
excommunicated (participle past)
excommunicated (past)

Samois includes celebate ^([sic]), heterosexual and bisexual women as well as lesbians, and I feel very strongly that this is the wisest choice. Our community is so fragile that we can't afford to fragment it by excommunicating non-lesbian women.

1982 December 18, Pat Califa, “Open Policy”, in Gay Community News, volume 10, number 22, page 5:

Although our Macs served us well, in those early, dark years Macintosh users were effectively excommunicated by the computer establishment.

1987, InfoWorld, volume 9, number 37, page 46:

(transitive, historical or figurative) To exclude from any other group; to banish.


oleh

A Jew who has recently made aliyah to Israel; an immigrant to Israel.

The benediction recited by the oleh before reading the portion of the Torah.

1996, Macy Nulman, The Encyclopedia of Jewish Prayer, page 106:

Someone who makes an aliyah for a Torah-reading.


utas

Reduced form of plural utaves. Compare octave.

NOw leue we of Lucius the emperour and speke we of kynge Arthur / that commaunded alle them of his retenue to be redy atte vtas of hyllary for to holde a parlement at yorke / And at that parlement was concluded to areste alle the nauye of the lond and to be redy within xv dayes at sandwyche

1485, Sir Thomas Malory, “iij”, in Le Morte Darthur, book V (in Middle English):

(historical, Christianity) The octave, or seventh day after a festival (i.e., the eighth day counting inclusively, in the ancient Roman way).


Holy Trinity

From Middle English holy Trinitee, a partial translation of earlier hali þrumnesse, haliʒ ðrymnesse (“holy trinity”, literally “holy threeness”), from Old English hālgu þrines. Equivalent to holy + Trinity.

(Christianity) The three persons of the Godhead: the Father, Son and Holy Spirit.


deistically

en-adv

deistically (comparative more deistically, superlative most deistically)

more deistically (comparative)
most deistically (superlative)


pantheistical

en-adj

pantheistical (comparative more pantheistical, superlative most pantheistical)

more pantheistical (comparative)
most pantheistical (superlative)

pan-theistical

sometimes hyphenated or expressed as a phrase

Pantheistical

sometimes either the P or both the P and the initial T are capitalized

Pan-theistical

variations of capitalization and spacing may be combined


theistically

en-adv

theistically (comparative more theistically, superlative most theistically)

more theistically (comparative)
most theistically (superlative)


pantheistically

pantheistically (comparative more pantheistically, superlative most pantheistically)

more pantheistically (comparative)
most pantheistically (superlative)


atheistically

atheistically (comparative more atheistically, superlative most atheistically)

more atheistically (comparative)
most atheistically (superlative)


polydeistical

en-adj

polydeistical (comparative more polydeistical, superlative most polydeistical)

more polydeistical (comparative)
most polydeistical (superlative)


polytheistical

polytheistical (comparative more polytheistical, superlative most polytheistical)

more polytheistical (comparative)
most polytheistical (superlative)


deistical

deistical (comparative more deistical, superlative most deistical)

more deistical (comparative)
most deistical (superlative)

the deistical or antichristian scheme

1741, I[saac] Watts, The Improvement of the Mind: Or, A Supplement to the Art of Logick: […], London: […] James Brackstone, […], →OCLC:


polydeism

Belief in the existence of many gods who collectively set the universe in motion, then ceased to interact with it.

poly-deism

may be hyphenated or expressed as a phrase


theistical

theistical (comparative more theistical, superlative most theistical)

more theistical (comparative)
most theistical (superlative)


polydeistic

polydeistic (comparative more polydeistic, superlative most polydeistic)

more polydeistic (comparative)
most polydeistic (superlative)

We must make selections on sound criteria from the works of the authors of our Renaissance for the different categories of schools and the public, eliminating the negative passages without hesitation, for if you give the children of the 8-year schools poems and writings of an author of our Renaissance in which he speaks of God, and on the other hand you praise this author highly, then you have also exalted his idealist, deistic or polydeistic philosophy.

1974, Enver Hoxha, Selected Works, page 366:

Two women-led religions, the Shakers and Christian Science, do not fit this polydeistic pattern.

1999, Susan Sered, Women of the Sacred Groves: Divine Priestesses of Okinawa, page 62:


pantheistic

pantheistic (comparative more pantheistic, superlative most pantheistic)

more pantheistic (comparative)
most pantheistic (superlative)

The mystic is one to whom the unitive, pantheistic, or at least the panentheistic, aspects of the divinity are as congenial as the deistic, polytheistic, and anthropomorphic aspects are to the institutional mind.


deistic

deistic (comparative more deistic, superlative most deistic)

more deistic (comparative)
most deistic (superlative)


pandeistic

pandeistic (comparative more pandeistic, superlative most pandeistic)

more pandeistic (comparative)
most pandeistic (superlative)

The ontological validity of Pandeistic views aside, I can’t help but find it intellectually intriguing that, under the parallels above, every side of the heated and long-lasting argument around the "hard problem of consciousness" seems to be simultaneously correct.

2010, Bernardo Kastrup, The Parallels of Pandeism:

Jubal... honestly believes in his own free will, which Mike, Jill, and the Fosterites misinterpret as a pandeistic urge, ‘Thou art God!’

2005, Dan Schneider, Review of Stranger In A Strange Land (The Uncut Version), by Robert A. Heinlein:

October 18, 1999, "blueknight", What would you do if you were Jesus Christ, or God?
Pandeistic by my definition... paganistic by a Christian's...

September 15, 1999, Brian R. West, Where is my God.
-bunch of new age and pandeistic stuff snipped-

[C]alling God the author of sin demand[s] a pandeistic understanding of the universe effectively removing the reality of sin and moral law.

1997, Bob Burridge, Theology Proper - Lesson 4: The Decrees of God:


pandeistical

pandeistical (comparative more pandeistical, superlative most pandeistical)

more pandeistical (comparative)
most pandeistical (superlative)