frontal

From Middle English frountel, from Old French frontel, from Latin frontāle (“a frontlet, metal band for the forehead”).

der

Even the mantelpiece is adorned with a totally unfunctional tasselled valance rather like an altar frontal.

1969, David G. Irwin, The Visual Arts, Taste and Criticism, page 27:

(Christianity) A decorative drapery covering the front of an altar.


conduct

en-noun

conduct (countable and uncountable, plural conducts)

From Late Latin conductus (“defense, escort”), from Latin conductus, perfect passive participle of condūcō (“bring together”); see also conduce. Doublet of conduit.

der

[…] at this present it is one of the most goodly and uniform Colledges in Europe; wherein is a Master, 60 Fellows, 67 scholars, 4 Conducts, 3 Publique Professours […] besides officers and servants of the foundation, with many other students, being in all 440.

1634, “Trinitie Colledge”, in The foundation of the Universitie of Cambridge […] Anno 1634:

Cory in 1722 obtained a licence of non-residence from Bishop Fleetwood, his patron, he being at that time one of the conducts, or chaplains, of King’s College.

1859, William Keatinge Clay, A History of the Parish of Waterbeach in the County of Cambridge, page 68:

The Rev Charles Mitchell-Innes, Conduct of Eton College, officiated, assisted by Mr Ralph Allwood, Precentor.

2003 November 8, “Memorial Services”, in The Times:

(Anglicanism, obsolete outside fixed titles) A priest hired to hold services without secure title; now a chaplain.

Anglicanism; obsolete outside fixed titles; Anglicanism; obsolete outside fixed titles


mystery

en-noun

mystery (countable and uncountable, plural mysteries)

From Middle English mysterie, from Anglo-Norman misterie (Old French mistere), from Latin mysterium, from Ancient Greek μυστήριον (mustḗrion, “a mystery, a secret, a secret rite”), from μύστης (mústēs, “initiated one”), from μυέω (muéō, “I initiate”), from μύω (múō, “I shut”). Displaced native Old English ġerȳne.

der

There are seven mysteries, or sacraments, in the Greek church, viz. baptism, the chrism (a rite peculiar to this church), the eucharist, confession, ordination, marriage, and the holy oil.

1809, Sir Robert Ker Porter, Travelling Sketches in Russia and Sweden: During the Years 1805, 1806, 1807, 1808:

(archaic outside Eastern Orthodoxy) A sacrament.

The second decade of the Rosary concerns the Sorrowful mysteries, such as the crucifixion and the crowning with thorns.

(Catholicism) A particular event or series of events in the life of Christ.

мисте́рия

an event in the life of Jesus used as a focus for devotions


purification

en-noun

purification (countable and uncountable, plural purifications)

/ˌpjʊəɹɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

From Old French purificacion, from Latin pūrificātiō.

(Christianity) The pouring of wine into the chalice to rinse it after communion, the wine being then drunk by the priest.


religionist

Coordinate term: agnostic

With what astoundment would ye, if ye were alive with your merely human perfections, listen to the creed of our, so called, rational religionists!

An adherent of a religion.
Especially, a religious zealot.


householder

From Middle English housholdere, equivalent to household + -er. The Buddhist sense is a semantic loan from Pali gahapati (literally “house-master”).

semantic loan

(Buddhism, Hinduism) A layperson, lay devotee, gahapati, grihastha.


dismissal

en-noun

dismissal (countable and uncountable, plural dismissals)

From dismiss + -al. A nineteenth-century coinage (modelled on committal etc.), replacing the regular form dismission.

(Christianity) The final blessing said by a priest or minister at the end of a religious service.


apocatastasis

From Latin, from Ancient Greek ἀποκατάστασις (apokatástasis, “restoration, reëstablishment”), from ἀποκαθίστημι (apokathístēmi, “to stand up again”), from ἀπό- (apó-, “back again”) + καθίστημι (kathístēmi, “I set, place, constitute, appoint”), from κατά- (katá-, “down, for”) + ἵστημι (hístēmi, “I set, stand, establish”).

uder

ἀποκατάστασις

The Egyptians were the first assertors of the soul's immortality, and of its transmigration, after the death and corruption of this body, into the bodies of other animals successively, viz. until it have run round through the whole circuit of terrestrial, marine, and volatile animals, after which, they say, it is to return again into a human body; they supposing this revolution or apocatastasis of souls to be made in no less space than that of three thousand years.

1678, Julius Firmicus, translated by Ralph Cudworth, The true intellectual system of the universe, I iv 328:

If anyone shall say that all reasonable beings will one day be united in one, when the hypostases as well as the numbers and the bodies shall have disappeared,... moreover, that in this pretended apocatastasis, spirits only will continue to exist... let him be anathema.
A Tradition...concerning the Apocatastasis of the World...partly by Inundation and partly by Conflagration.

1885, Philip Schaff translating the anathemas confirmed by the 553 C.E. Second Ecumenical Council in The Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers

The Stoic idea was based upon an astronomical doctrine according to which the return (apokatastasis) of the planets to their proper "celestial signs" initiates the conflagration (ekpurôsis), which is the reduction of the entire cosmos to its primal element (fire), after which follows the rebirth of all existing things.

2003 January, Edward Moore, Origen of Alexandria and apokatastasis: Some Notes on the Development of a Noble Notion:

(rare) Restoration, renovation, reestablishment, particularly:

(especially religion, rare) An apocalypse leading to the remaking of the world rather than a Final Judgment, (Christianity) an Origenist doctrine condemned by the 543 C.E. Synod of Constantinople.

اِسْتِعَادَة كُلِّيَّة

the doctrine that an apocalypse will lead to the remaking of the world rather than a Final Judgment

No doctrine...contradicts the Holy Scripture in a more unwarrantable manner than that of the so-called Apokatastasis.

1867, R.E. Wallis translating F.J. Delitzsch, A system of Biblical psychology, VII 552

Apocatastasis, A name given in the history of theology to the doctrine which teaches that a time will come when all free creatures will share in the grace of salvation.

1907, Pierre Batiffol, The Catholic Encyclopedia:

(religion) The doctrine that all souls will enter heaven or paradise, (Christianity) an Origenist doctrine condemned by the 543 C.E. Synod of Constantinople.


declare

en-verb

declare (third-person singular simple present declares, present participle declaring, simple past and past participle declared)

declares (present singular third-person)
declaring (participle present)
declared (participle past)
declared (past)
declare (infinitive)

From Middle English declaren, from Old French declarer, from Latin dēclārō (“to make clear”), from dē- + clārus (“clear”).

декларирам

to make outstanding debts, e.g. taxes, payable.

He prayed to God "please heal my sister", while she declared "I am healed in Jesus' name".

(Christianity, particularly Evangelicalism) To state that a thing shall happen or affirm a condition in the hopes of seeing it happen spiritually, in contrast to prayer which takes the form of a request.

宣布

to affirm or state something emphatically


canonical

en-adj

canonical (comparative more canonical, superlative most canonical)

more canonical (comparative)
most canonical (superlative)

(religion) In conformity with canon law.

(religion) Of or pertaining to an ecclesiastical chapter

kanoninen

(religion) of or pertaining to an ecclesiastical chapter


upper

The 'upper' is one of nine apertures through which consciousness can leave the body at death (utkrantih).

2005, Shingo Einoo, Genesis and Development of Tantra, page 128:

When the Tao Te Ching says: “In thought, you can see the cavity,” it is referring to what the Triplex Unity describes as “When the upper is closed, we call it existence; when the lower is closed, we call it nothingness.”

It is said in Tibetan culture, in order to understand the upper, it is necessary to understand the lower first. Once, the lower is understood, the upper is just an introductory.

2010, Tenzin Dhakpa Agongtsang, Realistic Principles, Pittsburgh, PA: RoseDog Books, page 10:

(Taoism) A spiritual passageway through which consciousness can reach a higher dimension.


sacred

sacred (comparative more sacred, superlative most sacred)

more sacred (comparative)
most sacred (superlative)

From Middle English sacred, isacred, past participle of sacren, sakeren (“to make holy, hallow”), equivalent to sacre + -ed.

Smit with the love of sacred song.

By way of example, it would be sufficient to refer to Sabino Samele acquaviva (1971), previously known for his theory of the eclipse of the sacred, and to Harvey cox (1968), prophet of the secular city.

2015, Douglas J. Davies, Adam J. Powell, Sacred Selves, Sacred Settings: Reflecting Hans Mol, →ISBN, page 87:

Religious; relating to religion, or to the services of religion; not secular


judgment

en-noun

judgment (countable and uncountable, plural judgments)

From Middle English juggement, borrowed from Old French jugement, from Late Latin iūdicāmentum, from Latin iūdicō. Displaced native doom.
Morphologically judge + -ment

(theology) The final award; the last sentence.

oordeel

(theology) final award; the last sentence


motor

→ Persian: موتر (môtar)

→ Japanese: モーター (mōtā)

→ Korean: 모터 (moteo)

→ Burmese: မော်တော် (mautau)

→ Hausa: mōtā̀

→ Nupe: mátò

→ Yoruba: mọ́tò

→ Shanghainese: 馬達／马达 (mo⁶-da⁶)

→ Chinese: 馬達／马达 (mǎ dá)

→ Tibetan: མོ་ཊ (mo ṭa)

From Middle English motour (“controller, prime mover; God”), from Latin mōtor (“mover; that which moves something”), from mōtō (“I set in motion”).

der

(Christianity, archaic, poetic) The controller or prime mover of the universe; God.


archpriest

From Middle English archepreest, archeprest, archiprest, ercheprest, erchepreste; compare Old French archeprestre and Medieval Latin archipresbyter; equivalent to arch- + priest.

(Eastern Orthodox Church) The highest rank given to a married priest.

(Roman Catholicism) An honorific title applied to a priest who has a specific function.


tertiary

English numerals#Ordinal numbers
Lay Carmelites
Peterhouse, Cambridge
Saint-Étienne Cathedral
University of Cambridge

PIE word
 *tréyes
Borrowed from the Latin tertiārius (“of the third part or rank”), from tertius (“third”) (from Proto-Indo-European *tr̥tyós, whence English third) + -ārius (whence the English suffix -ary); compare the French tertiaire.

bor

Tertiaries living in places where there is no Church of the Order or of the Third Order can gain all the indulgences they would gain visiting such a church, by visiting their respective parish church, or, where there is no parochial church, by visiting another church or public oratory, and fulfilling the other conditions.

1952, Dominican Tertiaries’ Manual: For the Daily Use of Private and Fraternity Tertiaries of the Third Order of St. Dominic, 1st rev. edition, New York, N.Y.: Third Order of St. Dominic, published 1954, →OCLC, page 362:

Immediately after her arrival in Ferrara, while she was still striving to secure the foundation of her exemplary reformed community of Dominican tertiaries, [Lucia] Brocadelli also renewed her attempts to enhance [Girolamo] Savonarola's saintly reputation.

2008, Tamar Herzig, “The Power of Visions: Lucia Brocadelli and Osanna Andreasi”, in Savonarola’s Women: Visions and Reform in Renaissance Italy, Chicago, Ill.; London: University of Chicago Press; large print edition, Richmond, B.C.: ReadHowYouWant.com Ltd., 2010, page 146

(Roman Catholicism) A member of a Roman Catholic third order; a layperson who participates in activities similar to those engaged in by men and women who take religious vows (respectively the first and second orders), and who may wear some elements of an order's habit such as a scapular.

terziario

Roman Catholicism: member of a third order


c-decay

c, the symbol used in physics for the speed of light + decay

(creationism, pseudoscience) The discredited theory that the speed of light has decreased over time, proposed by creationists in order to support the belief that the universe is a few thousand years old even though there are objects visible today that are billions of light years away (whereas a constant speed of light would indicate that the universe is billions of years old and so contradict this belief).


tinsel

en-noun

tinsel (usually uncountable, plural tinsels)

The noun is derived from Middle English tinsel (“cloth containing gold or silver thread”) [and other forms], probably from Anglo-Norman tincel, tincelle, tencele, and then:
* from Old French estincelle, estencele (“a spark”) (modern French étincelle), from Vulgar Latin *stincilla, a metathesis of Latin scintilla (“a glimmer; a spark”), probably from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₁y- (“to shimmer, shine”); and
* from Old French estincelé, the past participle of estinceler, estenceler (“to produce sparks”) (modern French étinceler (“to sparkle, twinkle; (archaic) to produce sparks”)), from Vulgar Latin *stincillāre, a metathesis of Latin scintillāre, the present active infinitive of scintillō (“to scintillate, sparkle”), from scintilla (“a glimmer; a spark”) (see above) + -ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs).
The English word is a doublet of scintilla, scintillate, and stencil.
The adjective is from an attributive use of the noun; while the verb is derived from the noun.

doublet

O! it is divine and moſt admirable, and ſo farre beyond all that ever he publiſhed heretofore, as day-light beyond candle-light, or tinſell or leafe-gold above arſedine; […]

1596, Tho[mas] Nashe, “Dialogus”, in Haue with You to Saffron-Walden. Or, Gabriell Harveys Hunt is Up. […], London: […] John Danter, →OCLC; republished as J[ohn] P[ayne] C[ollier], editor, Have with You to Saffron-Walden (Miscellaneous Tracts; Temp. Eliz. and Jac. I), [London: s.n., 1870], →OCLC, page 44:

A tawdry scarf of yellow silk, trimmed with tinsel and spangles, which had seen as hard service, and boasted as honourable a transmission, was next flung over one shoulder, and fell across her person in the manner of a shoulder-belt or baldrick.

1818 July 25, Jedadiah Cleishbotham [pseudonym; Walter Scott], chapter VI, in Tales of My Landlord, Second Series, […] (The Heart of Mid-Lothian), volume III, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for Archibald Constable and Company, →OCLC, page 153:

He stood transfixed before the unaccustomed view of London at night time, a vast panorama which reminded him not so much of the aerial photographs of today but rather of some wood engravings far off and magical, in a printshop in his childhood. They dated from the previous century and were coarsely printed on tinted paper, with tinsel outlining the design.

1963, Margery Allingham, “Foreword: The Turk Street Mile”, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC, page 11:

A thin, shiny foil for ornamental purposes which is of a material made of metal or resembling metal; especially, narrow glittering strips of such a material, often strung on to thread, and traditionally at Christmastime draped on Christmas trees, hung from balustrades or ceilings, or wrapped around objects as a decoration.

փայլազարդ

very thin decorative strips of a glittering, metallic material, often strung on to thread


Simon

From Middle English Simon, from Latin Simon, from Ancient Greek Σίμων (Símōn), from Biblical Hebrew שִׁמְעוֹן (šimʿōn, “hearkening”). In Britain, confusion arose at an early date due to similarity with native Sigmund (Siegmund), and its Norman introduced variant, Simund. Doublet of Simeon.

der

His first name is Simon. I wonder why his mother named him that, or it may have been his father. My own father never bothered with the naming of us, it was up to Mother and Aunt Pauline. There is Simon Peter the Apostle, of course, who was made a fisher of men by our Lord. But there is also Simple Simon. Met a pie man, going to the fair.

1996, Margaret Atwood, Alias Grace, Bloomsbury, →ISBN, page 379:


numen

The Egyptians were doubtless the most singular of all the Pagans, and the most oddly discrepant from the rest in their manner of worship; yet nevertheless, that these also agreed with the rest in those fundamentals of worshipping one supreme and universal Numen […]

1671, Ralph Cudworth, chapter 4, in The True Intellectual System of the Universe:

Where were Secretaries James and Foster and Senator Joseph, those dear daft numina who’d mothered over Oedipa’s so temperate youth?

1966 March, Thomas Pynchon, chapter 5, in The Crying of Lot 49, New York, N.Y.: Bantam Books, published November 1976, →ISBN, page 76:

It was the solid and immovable tabernacle of the living numen whose son he had known, though but briefly and not intimately, in the flesh, and whose message he accepted with all his heart.

1985, Anthony Burgess, Kingdom of the Wicked:

A divinity, especially a local or presiding god.


solemn

en-adj

solemn (comparative solemner or more solemn, superlative solemnest or most solemn)

solemner (comparative)
more solemn (comparative)
solemnest (superlative)
most solemn (superlative)

From Middle English solempne, solemne (“performed with religious ceremony or reverence; devoted to religious observances, sacred; ceremonious, formal; of a vow: made under a religious sanction, binding; religious celebration, celebration of a feast day; famous, well-known; important; grand, imposing; awe-inspiring, impressive; grave, serious; dignified; enunciated or held formally”) [and other forms], from Old French solempne, solemne (“serious, solemn”) [and other forms], or from its etymon Late Latin sōlempnis, sōlennis, from Latin sōlemnis, from sollemnis (“appointed, established, fixed; common, customary, ordinary, ritual, traditional, usual; ceremonial, religious, solemn; festive; annual, yearly”) [and other forms]. The further etymology is uncertain; sollus (“entire, whole”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *solh₂- (“whole”)) + epulum (“banquet, feast”) (in the sense of a ritual; perhaps ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ed- (“to eat”)) has been suggested.

nb...

solem, solemp, solempe, solempn, sollempne, solom, solen, solenne, sollen, sollene

(religion, specifically Christianity) Of or pertaining to religious ceremonies and rites; (generally) religious in nature; sacred.

церемониален

of or pertaining to religious ceremonies and rites


pagoda

From Portuguese pagode, which is via Malayalam പകോതി (pakōti) from Sanskrit भगवती (bhagavatī, name of a goddess).

der

On the journey southwards over the flat, fertile plains, paddy fields stretched away on each side of the line, and the landscape was broken only by wooden villages and stately pagodas.

1943 November and December, G. T. Porter, “The Lines Behind the Lines in Burma”, in Railway Magazine, page 325:

A religious building in South and Southeast Asia, especially a multi-storey tower erected as a Hindu or Buddhist temple.

[T]he Mahrattas having offered Alimerdy Khan his liberty for a lak of Pagodas; he does in the Nabob's name desire that the Governor of Madras would receive jewels and money to that amount into his custody, […]

1693 January 2 (date written; Gregorian calendar), J. Talboys Wheeler, compiler, “Governorship of Mr. Nathaniel Higginson. 1692–1698.”, in Madras in the Olden Time: Being a History of the Presidency from the First Foundation of the Governorship of Thomas Pitt, Grandfather of the Earl of Chatham. 1639–1702. […], Madras: […] J. Higginbotham, […], by Graves and Co., Scottish Press, published 1861, →OCLC, page 262:

I, in about two hours, notwithstanding the utmost caution, found myself minus upwards of six hundred pagodas […] .

1808–10, William Hickey, Memoirs of a Georgian Rake, Folio Society 1995, p. 240

(historical) A unit of currency, a coin made of gold or half gold, issued by various dynasties and colonial powers in southern India.


widdershins

Ca. 1500, from Middle Low German weddersins (also wēder-, -sinnes), from wed(d)der- (“wither-, against, opposite”) + genitive of sin (“direction, way”).

It is unlucky to walk widdershins around a church.

Astronomers cannot help regarding the solar system as a small widdershins universe, because the real movements with which they are familiar are nearly all widdershins: the rotation of the sun on its axis, the rotation and revolution of the earth and the moon, the rotation and revolution of the planets and of most of their satellites.

1946, Herbert McKay, The World of Numbers, Cambridge University Press, →OL, page 45:

"'Widdershins, brother!" said Catweazle impatiently. "Widdershins!" "What are you babbling about?" said Carrot. "We must seek protection. Dost not know 'widdershins?" "No," said Carrot. "'Tis beyond belief," said Catweazle, shaking his head. Spreading his arms, the old sorcerer crouched down and began to revolve on the spot. Faster and faster he whirled until he was like a spinning top.

1970, Richard Carpenter, Catweazle, published 1984, page x. 136:

Cummer, go ye before, cummer, go ye.
If ye willna go before, cummer, let me.
Ring-a-ring a-widdershins
Linkin' lithely widdershins
Cummer carlin crone and queen
Roun' go we!

The next hour wedge in a counterclockwise (or widdershins) direction, between 8:00 and 7:00 is the 2nd house. The 8:00 line is the cusp of the 2nd house. You continue all around the wheel widdershins until you get to the hour wedge ...

1995, Estelle Daniels, Astrologickal Magick, Weiser Books, →ISBN, page 23:

I like to carry the incense widdershins around the room (widdershins being the direction of banishing) and then also run the incense widdershins around windows, doors, and mirrors. You can also do this type of cleansing with a container of ...

2002, Laura Perry, The Wiccan Wellness Book: Natural Healthcare for Mind, Body, and Spirit, Career Press, →ISBN, page 87:

They even had a word for it, widdershins, an adaptation of the German word wiederschein, which means “against the sun.” If you walked around a bonfire counterclockwise, or widdershins, you were suspected of harboring a penchant for ...

2005, Melissa Roth, The Left Stuff: How the Left-Handed Have Survived and Thrived in a Right-Handed World, Government Institutes, →ISBN, page 29:

Widdershins are movements around the circle in an anti clockwise dance. Some witches may find it useful to recite the Lord's Prayer Backwards while moving widdershins in the beginning of the Sabbat Rite, this allowing or 'giving permission' ...

2005, Michael Ford, Luciferian Witchcraft, Lulu.com, →ISBN, page 98:

In the Dianic tradition, the cast circle is opened in conjunction with valedictions in reverse order, also known as widdershins or counterclockwise, starting with a valediction to earth and moving from north, to west, to south, to east. In the Dianic ...

2007, Ruth Barrett, Women's Rites, Women's Mysteries: Intuitive Ritual Creation, Llewellyn Worldwide, →ISBN, page 88:

The one thing we didn't think of, due in part to our quasi-Gardnerian training, is that one grinds the mill widdershins — counterclockwise, not clockwise. The counterclockwise motion (also called “Moonwise”) churns the energy against ...

2008, Ann Finnin, The Forge of Tubal Cain, Pendraig Publishing, →ISBN, page 55:

The contrary way is widdershins, the way in which the witches danced at the Sabbats. The deosil movement affirms the rule of God's law in Nature because it is the Way of the Sun; the widdershins movement repudiates God's rule over Nature ...

2011, Dion Fortune, Psychic Self-Defense: The Classic Instruction Manual for Protecting Yourself Against Paranormal Attack, Weiser Books, →ISBN, page 197:

Before people started arriving, I began the day as I always did: by sprinkling saltwater widdershins—counterclockwise—around the perimeter of my shop, then smudging deosil—clockwise—with a sage bundle.

2012, Juliet Blackwell, In a Witch's Wardrobe: A Witchcraft Mystery, New York, NY: New American Library, →ISBN, page 32:


voodoo

en-noun

voodoo (countable and uncountable, plural voodoos)

From Louisiana Creole voudou, from Haitian Creole vodou, from a West African language, such as Ewe vódũ (“deity, idol”), Fon vòdún (“fetish”) or the Kwa languages vodũ.

The spiritual beliefs of the Ewe/Fon of West Africa, practiced chiefly in Benin and in the south of Togo.


stupa

From Sanskrit स्तूप (stūpa). Doublet of tope.

He mounded so much honey on the top of the buns that they looked like miniature stupas.

(Buddhism) A dome-shaped Buddhist monument, used to house relics of the Lord Buddha.


validity

validity (countable and uncountable, plural validities)

From valid + -ity, borrowed from Middle French validité, from Late Latin validitas.

(Christianity, theology) The genuinity, as distinguished from the efficacity or the regularity, of a sacrament as a result of some formal dispositions being fulfilled.


parish church

From Middle English parische chirche; equivalent to parish + church.

A church that serves as the religious centre of a parish; the basic administrative unit of episcopal churches.


Metis

From Ancient Greek Μῆτις (Mêtis) from Ancient Greek μῆτις (mêtis, “wisdom”).

(Greek mythology) A Titan who was the personification of wisdom, the first spouse of Zeus, and the mother of Athena


neophyte

Borrowed from Latin neophytus, from Ancient Greek νεόφυτος (neóphutos, “newly planted”), from νέος (néos, “new”) + φυτόν (phutón, “plant, child”). By surface analysis, neo- + -phyte.

der

(Christianity) A name given by the early Christians, and still given by the Roman Catholics, to those who have recently embraced the Christian faith, and been admitted to baptism, especially those converts from heathenism or Judaism.


Evil One

Sometimes the assistance of the Devil or his demons was sought without the magician wishing to go so far as to give up his soul to the Evil One.

1936, Rollo Ahmed, The Black Art, London: Long, page 149:


jug

Probably from Latin jugum (“yoke, tether”). A folk etymology claims that it is an acronym for "justice under God" or "judgment under God". https://www.ignatius.edu/news/september-2017/jug-em-with-a-jugumhttps://catholicphilly.com/2021/10/news/local-news/local-priest-moves-closer-to-sainthood/

“Take a week’s Jug,” he said, “and keep your nose clean.”

1970, Kenneth H. Brown, The Narrows, New York City: The Deal Press, via Google Books:

I had another role that earned me almost no appreciation at all: I served as the master after classes in the JUG room, where students appeared when they received detention.

2017 June 12, Stephen, N., S.J. Katsouros, Come To Believe: How the Jesuits are Reinventing Education (Again), Maryknoll, New York: Orbis Books, via Google Books, →ISBN, page 27:

In days gone by jugs included the memorization of Shakespeare or the writing out of some well-known document like the Constitution.

2017 September 14, Tom Healey, “Jug 'Em with a Jugum”, in Lessons from Loyola Hall, Cleveland: Saint Ignatius High School, retrieved 2021-11-24:

A common infraction that landed pupils in jug was getting caught using a stairwell that was reserved for use by faculty and other adults.

2018 October 16, Ted Slowik, “Slowik: Reunion reveals changes to high school, people and places in 35 years”, in Chicago Tribune, retrieved 2021-11-24:

In addition to JUGs and disciplinary lectures, spats and hacks, paddles used to smack misbehaving students, often went with receiving a JUG.

2020 March 8, Steele Clevenger, “A Look Back at JUGs”, in The Jesuit Chronicle, Beaverton, Oregon: Jesuit High School, retrieved 2021-11-24:

(US, Roman Catholicism, countable or uncountable) detention (after-school student punishment)


jug

en-verb

jug (third-person singular simple present jugs, present participle jugging, simple past and past participle jugged)

jugs (present singular third-person)
jugging (participle present)
jugged (participle past)
jugged (past)

Students would say they “got JUGged,” meaning they’d been disciplined by a teacher. Most of the time punishment entailed memorizing a passage of a text or an obscure snatch of poetry.

2007 June 19, Julia Flynn Siler, The House of Mondavi: The Rise and Fall of an American Wine Dynasty, New York City: Penguin Group, →ISBN, page 60:

The first time I met Ben was in after-school detention. He’d been jugged for faking his mom’s signature, and I was serving for clapping erasers in the hallway.

2009, Anthony Varallo, This Day in History, Iowa City, Iowa: University of Iowa Press, via Google Books, →ISBN, page 6:

(US, Roman Catholicism, transitive) to issue a detention (to a student)


Eid

From Arabic عِيد (ʕīd, “feast, holiday, festival”) via Persian عید ('eyd), ultimately from Classical Syriac ܥܐܕܐ.

bor

(Islam) Any of various Muslim religious festivals.


Eid

A parish of Stad, Nordfjord district, Sogn og Fjordane borough, Vestland, Vestlandet, Norway

Sogn og Fjordane
Sogn og Fjordane#English

A parish of Rauma, Møre og Romsdal, Vestlandet, Norway


Eid

From Scots Eid, from Old Norse Eið, from eið (“isthmus”).

Synonym of Aith; A village in Mainland, Shetland, Northern Isles, Scotland, United Kingdom


indulgence

en-noun

indulgence (countable and uncountable, plural indulgences)

From Middle English indulgence, indulgens, from Middle French indulgence and its source, Latin indulgentia.

To understand how indulgences were intended to work depends on linking together a number of assumptions about sin and the afterlife, each of which individually makes considerable sense.

2009, Diarmaid MacCulloch, A History of Christianity, Penguin, published 2010, page 555:

(Roman Catholicism) A pardon or release from the expectation of punishment in purgatory, after the sinner has been granted absolution.


indulgence

en-verb

indulgence (third-person singular simple present indulgences, present participle indulgencing, simple past and past participle indulgenced)

indulgences (present singular third-person)
indulgencing (participle present)
indulgenced (participle past)
indulgenced (past)

(transitive, Roman Catholicism) to provide with an indulgence


dybbuk

From Yiddish דיבוק (dibek), from Hebrew דבק (dovek, “cling”).

(mythology, Judaism) A malicious possessing spirit, believed to be the dislocated soul of a dead person.


shammes

From Yiddish שמשׂ (shames), from Hebrew שמש (shamásh). Doublet of shamash.

Alternative form of shamash (“sexton in a synagogue”)

Alternative form of shamash (“candle used to light other candles of a Hanukkah menorah”)


minyan

From Hebrew מִנְיָן (minyán, “number, count, quorum”).

uder

So without my visit, if Simon didn't attend, a minyan would be hard to come by.

2009, Charles London, Far from Zion, page 256:

As mourners cannot attend synagogue during shiva, a minyan gathers for morning, afternoon, and evening services in their home.

2010, Ari Goldman, Living a Year of Kaddish: A Memoir, page 27:

(Judaism) The minimum number of ten (male) adult Jews required for a communal religious service.

minján

minimum number of ten adult Jews required for a communal religious service


doxology

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-doxology.wav

From Medieval Latin doxologia, from Ancient Greek δοξολογία (doxología, “a praising”), from δοξολόγος (doxológos, “giving or uttering praise”), from δόξα (dóxa, “glory, honor, repute”), from δοκέω (dokéō, “to think, expect”).

der

The doxology or sacred hymn, which celebrates the glory of the Trinity, is susceptible of very nice, but material, inflections; and the substance of an orthodox, or an heretical, creed, may be expressed by the difference of a disjunctive, or a copulative, particle.

1781, Edward Gibbon, chapter XXI, in The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, volume II, London: […] W[illiam] Strahan; and T[homas] Cadell, […], →OCLC:

And when those defendants were remonstrated with, their captain snapped his fingers in the plaintiffs’ teeth, and assured them that by way of doxology to the deed he had done, he would now retain their line, harpoons, and boat, which had remained attached to the whale at the time of the seizure.

1851 November 14, Herman Melville, chapter 89, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC:

An expression of praise to God, especially a short hymn sung as part of a Christian worship service.


synoptic

en-adj

synoptic (comparative more synoptic, superlative most synoptic)

more synoptic (comparative)
most synoptic (superlative)

From New Latin synopticus, from Ancient Greek συνοπτικός (sunoptikós, “seeing the whole together or at a glance”), from σύνοψις (súnopsis, “a general view, synopsis”), from συν- (sun-, “with”) + ὄψις (ópsis, “view”).

der

(Christianity) Pertaining to the gospels of Matthew, Mark and Luke.

synoptinen

Christianity: pertaining to the gospels of Matthew, Mark and Luke


apophasis

en-noun

apophasis (countable and uncountable, plural apophases)

Via Late Latin apophasis from Ancient Greek ἀπόφασις (apóphasis, “denial, negation”) from ἀπο- (apo-, “away, from, off”) + φάσις (phásis, “statement, proposition”) from φημί (phēmí, “to speak”) from Proto-Hellenic *pʰā́mā from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂; whence Latin fārī, cognate to fame, fable.

af

(Christianity, philosophy, theology) A process of arriving at knowledge by statements of denial; particularly, developing a concept of God through negative assertions about his nature.


Deuteronomy

From the name which the book bears in the Septuagint (Ancient Greek Δευτερονόμιον (Deuteronómion) and in the Vulgate Latin Deuteronomium). This is based upon the erroneous Septuagint rendering of משנה התורה הזאת (mishneh ha-torah ha-zot) (17:18), which grammatically can mean only "a repetition [that is, a copy] of this law," but which is rendered by the Septuagint τὸ Δευτερονόμιον τοῦτο (tò Deuteronómion toûto), as though the expression meant "this repetition of the law."

uder

Δευτερονόμιον

pedia

Book of Deuteronomy on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

The fifth of the Books of Moses in the Old Testament of the Bible, the fifth book in the Torah.


phantasm

A learned variant of phantom; from Middle English fantosme, from Old French fantosme, fantasme, from Latin phantasma, from Ancient Greek φάντασμα (phántasma). Doublet of phantom.

But night comes in with a more genial spirit: we have done our worst and our bitterest; and we need a small space to indulge any little bit of cordiality that may be left in us. A thousand gay phantasms float in on the sunny south, which has left the far-off vineyards of its birth.

1837, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], “Success”, in Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […], volume II, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 75:

He declares that there seems to be no justification for regarding the phantasms of dreams as pure hallucinations; most dream-images are probably in fact illusions, since they arise from faint sense-impressions, which never cease during sleep.

1900, Sigmund Freud, translated by James Strachey, The Interpretation of Dreams: Avon Books, page 74:

Something seen but having no physical reality; a phantom or apparition.


parish

From Middle English parisshe, from Old French paroisse (compare the obsolete variant paroch, from Anglo-Norman paroche, parosse), from Late Latin parochia, from Ancient Greek παροικία (paroikía, “a dwelling abroad”).

der

With some of it on the south and more of it on the north of the great main thoroughfare that connects Aldgate and the East India Docks, St. Bede's at this period of its history was perhaps the poorest and most miserable parish in the East End of London.

1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter VII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:

(Anglicanism, Eastern Orthodoxy, Lutheranism, Roman Catholicism) An administrative part of a diocese that has its own church.

Anglicanism; Eastern Orthodoxy; Anglicanism; Eastern Orthodoxy

In some countries, an administrative subdivision of an area.

An administrative subdivision in the U.S. state of Louisiana that is equivalent to a county in other U.S. states.


Zionist

More than those who are merely pro-Israel, Zionists (1) see contemporary Israeli society as presenting a challenge to their Jewish life in the Diaspora; (2) believe Israel offers a greater chance of a fulfilling and secure Jewish life; and (3) are confronted with the possibility of settling in Israel and attracted to it. Thus, while most American Jews are pro-Israel, far fewer are Zionists in the classical sense.

1995, Stephen M. Cohen, “Jewish Continuity Over Jewish Context”, in Robert Seltzer, Norman S. Cohen, editors, The Americanization of the Jews, page 405:

These investigations indicate that although a large proportion of American Jews call themselves Zionists, their meanings of Zionism are closer to what some investigators have called pro-Israelism. According to the still common Israeli definition of a Zionist as one who views the Diaspora negatively and considers the settlement of Jews in Israel as essential, the vast majority of American Jews would not be considered Zionists.

1996, Gal Allon, Allon Gal, Jerold S. Auerbach, Envisioning Israel: The Changing Ideals and Images of North American Jews, page 151:

Most Zionists hoped for a state of their own, but early in the 20th century, writers like Hillel Solotaroff and Chaim Zhitlowsky, both Yiddish-speaking immigrant intellectuals in New York, imagined another alternative: a federation of self-governing anarchist communes in Palestine that would defend Jewish life without relying on state power.

2019 July 15, Greg Afinogenov, “The Jewish Case for Open Borders”, in Jewish Currents, number Summer 2019:

A believer in the African Zionism religion.


Zionist

en-adj

Zionist (comparative more Zionist, superlative most Zionist)

more Zionist (comparative)
most Zionist (superlative)

صَهْيُونِيّ

of or relating to Zionism, a Zionist, or Zionists

Of or relating to the African Zionism religion.


stall

From Middle English stall, stalle, from Old English steall (“standing place, position”), from Proto-Germanic *stallaz, from Proto-Indo-European *stel- (“to place, put, post, stand”).

der

In a private rite, a ring is drawn on the ground around a harrow or before an indoor stall.

1989, Edred Thorsson, A Book of Troth, Llewellyn Publications, →ISBN, page 156:

Some Asatruar kindreds call their indoor altars stalls and their outdoor altars harrows.

2006, Selene Silverwind, “Asatruar Tools and Practices”, in Everything you need to know about Paganism, David & Charles, →ISBN, page 117:

Stalli (STAL-i) - Altar.

2006, Mark Puryear, The Nature of Asatru: An Overview of the Ideals and Philosophy of the Indigenous Religion of Northern Europe, iUniverse, →ISBN, page 237:

(Germanic paganism) An Heathen altar, typically an indoor one, as contrasted with a more substantial outdoor harrow.


prayer

en-noun

prayer (countable and uncountable, plural prayers)

From Middle English preiere, from Old French preiere, from Early Medieval Latin precāria, derived from Latin precem. Displaced native Old English ġebed.

Through prayer I ask for God's guidance.

In many cultures, prayer involves singing.

(uncountable) A practice of communicating with one's God, or with some spiritual entity.


impute

en-verb

impute (third-person singular simple present imputes, present participle imputing, simple past and past participle imputed)

imputes (present singular third-person)
imputing (participle present)
imputed (participle past)
imputed (past)

Borrowed from Middle French imputer, from Latin imputō (“to bring into the reckoning, charge, impute”).

der

To use the technical language of theologians, God through his grace "imputes" the merits of the crucified and risen Christ to a fallen human being who remains without inherent merit, and who without this "imputation" would not be "made" righteous at all.

2009, Diarmaid MacCulloch, A History of Christianity, Penguin (2010), page 607:

(transitive, theology) To ascribe (sin or righteousness) to someone by substitution.


gelt

en-noun

gelt (usually uncountable, plural gelts)

In the basic sense of "money", attested since the early 16th century, initially from (an Early New High German continuation of) Middle High German gelt (modern German Geld), from Old High German gelt (“payment, money”), or in some cases from (an Early Modern Dutch continuation of) Middle Dutch gelt. Later, and in the Jewish-related senses, from Yiddish געלט (gelt). The German, Dutch and Yiddish words are all from Proto-Germanic *geldą (“reward, gift, money”). Doublet of native words geld and yield.

der

That nothynge had / There of theyr awne / Neyther gelt nor pawne.

c. 1529, John Skelton, The Tunning of Elynour Rummyng, section 610:

It amounts to not above 12000 Fr. Rhenish, yearly, in bare gelt.

1591 (1685), Henry Wotton, in Reliquiae Wottonianae, 616

The is no Gelt to be got.

c. 1698, B. E., A New Dictionary of the Terms Ancient and Modern of the Canting Crew:

I saw him at the house of my parents; I in my earliest youth, he approaching to fourscore. He was on his way to collect the Dominie's gelt; for the Dutch always took care the stipend to the minister should be competent, that so he never might be straitened 'to desire a gift.'

1816, Egbert Benson, in a memoir read before the New York Historical Society [in 1816], quoted in History of the School of the Collegiate Reformed Dutch Church (1883), page 22

"And yet," said Captain Dalgetty, "my second and greatest difficulty remains behind; for, although I hold it a mean and sordid thing for a soldado to have nothing in his mouth but pay and gelt, like the base cullions, the German lanz-knechts, whom I mentioned before; […] yet, ex contrario, a soldier's pay being the counterpart of his engagement of service, it becomes a wise and considerate cavalier to consider what remuneration he is to receive for his service, […]

1852, Walter Scott, A Legend of Montrose And, The Black Dwarf:

Have bought some farm land in Rio Grande Valley which should bring in a sizeable bundle of gelts come cotton picking time.

1948, William Burroughs, letter, 5 Jun 1948

The miser, a-seeking lost gelt, / The doughboy, awaiting the battle, / May possibly know how I felt / While the long years dragged by as the dealer / As slow as the slowest of dubs, / Stuck out the last helping of tickets / 'Till I lifted—the Bullet of Clubs!

1969, Robert L. Vann, The Competitor, volumes 2-3, page 135:

(originally UK, especially thieves' cant and Polari, later Judaism and general slang) Money.

especially thieves' cant and Polari; later Judaism and general slang; especially thieves' cant and Polari; later Judaism and general slang

(Judaism) Money, especially that given as a gift on Hanukkah or used in games of dreidel.

(Judaism) Chocolate candy in the shape of coins, usually wrapped in metallic foil, usually eaten on Hanukkah and often used for games of dreidel.


Sophia

Holy Wisdom
Sophia
Sophia of Rome
sophia (wisdom)

Chiefly from Latin Sophia, from Ancient Greek Σοφία (Sophía), from σοφία (sophía, “wisdom”), especially in reference to holy or divine wisdom under the influence of Biblical Hebrew חוכמה (khokhmá), to the early martyr St. Sophia, and to many figures of European royalty and nobility. Also used as a calque for the many cognate forms, such as Italian Sofia, Russian Софи́я (Sofíja), Polish Zofia, etc.

(Gnosticism) An aeon (a form of divine being) in the Gnostic tradition.


homily

From Middle English omelī, omelīe, omelye, from Old French omelie and directly from Late Latin homīlia (“homily”), from Ancient Greek ὁμιλία (homilía, “homily; instruction”), from ὅμῑλος (hómīlos, “crowd, throng”) + -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā, suffix forming abstract feminine nouns). ὅμῑλος is derived from ὁμός (homós, “common; same”) + ῑ̓́λη (ī́lē, “crowd”) (from εἴλω (eílō, “to aggregate”)).

O moſt gentle Iupiter! What tedious homilie of Loue haue you wearied your pariſhioners withall, and neuer cri'de, haue patience good people.

c. 1598–1600 (date written), William Shakespeare, “As You Like It”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii], page 196, column 1:

But to return to the Homily on St. Gregory. It is printed from a Tranſcript I had made of it from one made by Dr. Hopkins, I believe, out of the Cottonian Book, Vitellius D. 17. […] The Homily is one of thoſe which were prepared by Ælfrick, to be uſed in the Engliſh Saxon Church: […]

1709, [Ælfric of Eynsham], Eliz[abeth] Elstob, “The Preface”, in An English-Saxon Homily on the Birth-day of St. Gregory: […], London: Printed by W[illiam] Bowyer, →OCLC, page lvi:

[W]e must pay attention not only to the rich tradition of the homily in the early Church and the retrieval of this preaching form by Vatican II but also to the evolving understandings of the homily from those who have tried to respond to the changing cultural patterns, pastoral needs, and theological trends of the day.

1998, Robert P. Waznak, “From Sermon to Homily”, in An Introduction to the Homily, Collegeville, Minn.: The Liturgical Press, →ISBN, page 16:

[W]hen one approaches Origen's homilies, this aspect of the work of the priest must be kept in mind. The purpose of his sermons was to instruct and to lead beginners in the faith to a higher level of understanding and maturity.

1990, Origen, “Introduction”, in Gary Wayne Barkley, transl., Origen: Homilies on Leviticus 1–16 (The Fathers o the Church; 83), Washington, D.C.: The Catholic University of America Press, →ISBN, page 4:

(Christianity) A sermon, especially concerning a practical matter.


Eris

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἔρις (Éris), from ἔρις (éris, “strife”).
See also Eris (mythology) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia and Eris (dwarf planet) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

pedia

According to Homer, the Trojan war is, above all, an affair of the gods. It is about Eris, a sister of the god of war Ares, and about Eros, not directly named by Homer, but who in the figure of Aphrodite, the god of love, plays a central role on the side of the Trojans. Eris is the one who divides gods, mortals, and things from each other; Eros is the one who brings them together.

1992, Samuel Ijsseling, “Eros and Eris: The Trojan War and Heidegger on the Essence of Truth”, in Paul van Tongeren, Paul Sars, Chris Bremmers, Koen Boey, editors, Eros and Eris: Contributions to a Hermeneutical Phenomenology Liber Amicorum for Adriaan Peperzak, Kluwer Academic, page 2:

1993, Herman Parret, The Aesthetics of Communication: Pragmatics and Beyond, Springer, Softcover reprint, page 18,
Eris, "the Strife with the violent heart", one reads in Hesiod's Theogony, is a child of the Night, and "Hateful Struggle gave birth to painful Distress and Distraction and Famine and tearful Sorrow; also Wars and Battles and Murders and Slaughters; also Feuds and Lying Words and Angry Words".

According to Newport, no specific bowling alley can claim to be the site of the birth of the Discordian movement. It evolved at several different bowling alleys. This revelation came as a devastating disappointment to your humble author, who—in the course of writing this book—had planned a grand religious pilgrimage to this envisioned holy site, where I would snap sacred photos of "The Brunswick Shrine," and perhaps even fall to my knees before this fabled Mecca of Discordianism, bowing to the Goddess Eris.

2003, Adam Gorightly, The Prankster and the Conspiracy: The Story of Kerry Thornley and How He Met Oswald and Inspired the Counterculture, Paraview Press, page 58:

And yet Erisianism should not be treated frivolously. Greg Hill told me his experiences with Eris had been quite profound. Although it started as an atheistic joke, his perceptions began to change.

2006, Margot Adler, Drawing Down the Moon: Witches, Druids, Goddess-worshippers, and Other Pagans in America, Penguin, page 351:

(Greek mythology) The goddess of discord and strife, whose apple of discord sparked events that eventually led to the Trojan War; equated by Homer with Enyo (goddess of violent war) and identified with the Roman goddess Discordia;

The goddess of discord and strife, whose apple of discord sparked events that eventually led to the Trojan War; equated by Homer with Enyo (goddess of violent war) and identified with the Roman goddess Discordia;
(religion, Discordianism) the same figure as principal deity of Discordianism, regarded as the goddess of disorder.

Champaign County
Champaign County#English

An unincorporated community in Champaign County, Ohio, United States.


establishment

en-noun

establishment (countable and uncountable, plural establishments)

disestablishment

antonym(s) of “institution of a church as state church”

→ Polish: establishment

From Middle English *establishment, stablishment, stablisshement, from Old French establissement (Modern French établissement), from the verb establir. Equivalent to establish + -ment.

Not all Anglicans have supported establishment.

(Christianity) The institution and official status of a church as a state church, especially that of the Church of England and historically of Ireland.


presbyter

From Late Latin presbyter, from Ancient Greek πρεσβύτερος (presbúteros), from πρέσβυς (présbus, “elder, older”). Doublet of prester and priest.

An elder, priest, pastor, or minister in various Christian churches.

երեց

An elder of the congregation in early Christianity.


bris

bris (plural brises or brisses or britot)

brises (plural)
brisses (plural)
britot (plural)

Borrowed from Yiddish ברית (bris), from Hebrew בְּרִית (bərîṯ, “covenant”).

The night before the bris, he invited nine of his little buddies to come and say kerias shema around the baby's bassinet. Mommy and Daddy, who flew in for the bris, were so touched, they kept dabbing their eyes and coughing.

1993, Miriam Rose, Miriam Zakon, “The Baker Family Circus”, in Baker's Dozen, volume 4, Omnibus, page 129:

Although indigenous visual documentation of the bris was, until the advent of video, limited and often oblique, the ceremony is a longstanding fixture of Christian art.

2009, Jeffrey Shandler, Jews, God, and Videotape: Religion and Media in America, page 155:

However, if the baby is born on a Wednesday night, then the bris would occur on the following Thursday morning because Jewish days begin at sundown, and the bris is tradionally performed during the day. (Note that the Talmud (see Chapter 3) states if the baby's health is in question, then the bris must be postponed.)

2013, Ted Falcon, David Blatner, Judaism For Dummies, 2nd edition, page 109:


Irene

Borrowed from French Irène, from Ancient Greek Εἰρήνη (Eirḗnē, “peace”), name of a goddess of peace, of early Christian saints, and of an 8th-century Byzantine empress. Doublet of Eirini.

(Greek mythology) Eirene, the Greek goddess of peace, one of the Horae/Horæ; equivalent to the Roman goddess Pax.


Gnostic

From Ancient Greek γνωστικός (gnōstikós, “relating to knowledge or knowing”), from the root of verb γιγνώσκω (gignṓskō, “to come to know, to learn”) + -τῐκός (-tikós) or from γνῶσις (gnôsis, “knowledge, knowing”) + -κός (-kós, adjective suffix), depending upon the analysis.


charisma

en-noun

charisma (usually uncountable, plural charismas or charismata)

From Ancient Greek χᾰ́ρῐσμᾰ (khárisma, “grace, favour, gift”), from χᾰρῐ́ζομαι (kharízomai, “I show favor”), from χᾰ́ρῐς (kháris, “grace”), from χαίρω (khaírō, “I am happy”). Doublet of charism.
Outside of theology, a semantic loan from German Charisma in the work of German sociologist Max Weber, originally denoting the special ability of certain leaders to inspire devotion. By the 1940s, the term was used more loosely to refer to personal charm in general.

uder

(Christianity) An extraordinary power granted by the Holy Spirit.


halo

From Latin halōs, from Ancient Greek ἅλως (hálōs, “threshing floor; disk; disk of the sun or moon; ring of light around the sun or moon”), of unknown origin. The threshing floor's circular threshold or oxen walking on it in a circle gave rise to the other meanings. Used in English since 1563; the sense of light around someone’s head since 1646.

der

massive astronomical compact halo object

massive astrophysical compact halo object

(religion) nimbus, a luminous disc, often of gold, around or over the heads of saints, etc., in religious paintings.

ореол

luminous disc around the heads of saints

aureole

luminous disc around head of saints in paintings

(art, religion, iconography) a circular annulus ring, frequently luminous, often golden, floating above the head


pneumatic

From Latin pneumaticus, from Ancient Greek πνευματικός (pneumatikós, “relating to wind or air”), from πνεῦμα (pneûma, “wind, air, breath, spirit”), from πνέω (pnéō, “I blow, breath”).

(Gnosticism) In the gnostic theologian Valentinus' triadic grouping of man, the highest type; a person focused on spiritual reality (the other two being hylic and psychic).


Sati

(Hinduism) One of the daughters of Prasuti and Daksha; killed herself by self-immolation on a fire


Sati

(Buddhism) mindfulness, as in anapanasati; A state of mind in meditation


heresy

en-noun

heresy (countable and uncountable, plural heresies)

From Middle English heresie, from Old French heresie (modern hérésie), from Latin haeresis, from Ancient Greek αἵρεσις (haíresis, “choice, system of principles”), from αἱρέομαι (hairéomai, “to take for oneself, to choose”), the middle voice of αἱρέω (hairéō, “to take”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *ser-; see also Welsh herw (“theft, raid”), Ancient Greek στερέω (steréō, “to deprive of”).

cog

Heresy meant deliberate departure from the accepted doctrines of the church. It was intellectual and spiritual dissent and concerned the beliefs of Christianity, not the morals of its adherents.

1968, History of Western Civilization, edited by Heyes, Baldwin & Cole, p.47. Macmillan. Library of Congress 67–13596

(religion) A doctrine held by a member of a religion at variance or conflict with established religious beliefs.


mandala

Borrowed from Sanskrit मण्डल (máṇḍala). Doublet of mandal.

(Hinduism, Buddhism) A graphic depiction of the spiritual universe and its myriad realms and deities.

(Hinduism, Buddhism) Any ritualistic geometric design, symbolic of the Universe, used as an aid to meditation.


chakra

/ˈt͡ʃɑː.kɹə/

From Hindi चक्र (cakra) and directly from Sanskrit चक्र (cakra, “wheel, disc, cycle”). As a synonym for hackery, either a correction or hypercorrection of that term based on one of its proposed etymologies. Doublet of chakram, charkha, chukker, cycle, cyclus, and wheel.

dbt

In the etheric body of a yogini in meditation, the polarity is, therefore, not between the brain and the genitals, the second and sixth chakras, but between the inner sexuality of the womb and the heart.

1981, William Irwin Thompson, The Time Falling Bodies Take to Light: Mythology, Sexuality and the Origins of Culture, London: Rider/Hutchinson & Co., page 19:

(Hinduism, Ayurveda) Any of (at least) seven centres of spiritual energy in or near the body, according to Ayurveda philosophy.


leprosy

en-noun

leprosy (usually uncountable, plural leprosies)

From Norman leprosie, from Middle French leprosie (“leprosy & similar skin diseases”), probably from leprous (“leprous”) + -ie (“-y”) but possibly from Medieval Latin leprōsia (leprōsus + -ia) although this only historically attested in reference to leprosariums.
The shift of sense from psoriasis to Hansen's disease occurred in large part from the use of λέπρα (lépra) to translate Hebrew צרעת (“tzaraath”) in the Septuagint and its subsequent use in the New Testament and Late Latin.

der

(medicine, now usually proscribed) Similar contagious skin diseases causing light patches of scaly skin, particularly psoriasis, syphilis, vitiligo, scabies, and (biblical) the various diseases considered "tzaraath" in the Old Testament.


phantom

From Middle English fantome, fanteme, from Old French fantosme, fantasme, from Latin phantasma (“an apparition, specter; (in Late Latin also) appearance, image”), from Ancient Greek φάντασμα (phántasma, “phantasm, an appearance, image, apparition, specter”), from φαντάζω (phantázō, “I make visible”). Doublet of phantasm.


vault

From Middle English vaute, vowte, from Old French volte (modern voûte), from Vulgar Latin *volta < *volvita or *volŭta, a regularization of Latin volūta (compare modern volute (“spire”)), the past participle of volvere (“roll, turn”). Cognate with Spanish vuelta (“turn”) and Portuguese volta ("turn"). Doublet of volute.

klenba

figuratively: anything resembling a vault

The space covered by an arched roof, particularly underground rooms and (Christianity, obsolete) church crypts.


garth

Inherited from Middle English garth, from Old Norse garðr, from Proto-Germanic *gardaz, thus cognate with Old English ġeard, whence the English doublet yard.

The Candidate for membership of Hof, Garth or Hearth shall hold an Armill, or he may touch an unsheathed Sword throughout the ceremony.

2014 November 18, Stubba, The Book of Blots, page 102:

(Germanic paganism) A group or a household dedicated to the pagan faith of Heathenry.

(Germanic paganism) A location or sacred space, in ritual and poetry in modern Heathenry.


enturbulate

en-verb

enturbulate (third-person singular simple present enturbulates, present participle enturbulating, simple past and past participle enturbulated)

enturbulates (present singular third-person)
enturbulating (participle present)
enturbulated (participle past)
enturbulated (past)

Coined by L. Ron Hubbard, probably from the prefix en- plus turbulent or disturbed, to describe a state of mind within.

Underground armies operate in the large cities enturbulating the police with false information through anonymous phone calls and letters.

1971, William S. Burroughs, The Wild Boys: A Book of the Dead, Grove Press, published 1992, →ISBN:

If, sitting quietly, one concentrates one's complete attention on one's own voice the mantra, the worry and distress which continually enturbulate the mind will gradually subside and one will gradually be suffused with a deep calm.

1976, Emma McLoy Layman, Buddhism in America, Nelson-Hall, →ISBN, page 86:

(nonstandard) To agitate or disturb; to upset, harass.


dogma

en-noun

dogma (countable and uncountable, plural dogmas or dogmata)

From Latin dogma (“philosophical tenet”), from Ancient Greek δόγμα (dógma, “opinion, tenet”), from δοκέω (dokéō, “I seem good, think”). Treated in the 17th and 18th century as Greek, with plural dogmata. Compare decent.

der

In the Catholic Church, new dogmas can only be declared by the pope after the extremely rare procedure ex cathedra to make them part of the official faith.

According to that Cabaliſticall Dogma: If Abram had not had this Letter [i.e., ה (he)] added unto his Name he had remained fruitleſſe, and without the power of generation: […] So that being ſterill before, he received the power of generation from that meaſure and manſion in the Archetype; and was made conformable unto Binah.

1658, Thomas Browne, “The Garden of Cyrus. […]. Chapter V.”, in Hydriotaphia, Urne-buriall, […] Together with The Garden of Cyrus, […], London: […] Hen[ry] Brome […], →OCLC, page 192:

Other foreign terms have become so thoroughly Anglicised as to adopt English plurals, and it is sometimes difficult to decide whether the English or the original foreign form is the more correct. None but a pedant would speak of ‘the chori of an opera,’ ‘the croci in a garden,’ or ‘the dogmata of the church;’ […]

[a. 1881, William B[allantyne] Hodgson, “Noun”, in Errors in the Use of English, Edinburgh: David Douglas, published 1881, part II (Accidence), page 70:

The man who thinks that his religion is the sum-total of the religious dogmas he believes in, who thinks that to live in harmony with the allhood of things it requires only that one subscribe to certain prescribed religious dogmas, in whose mind the means of salvation is simply frequency and fervency of prayer, assiduity and fidelity of attendance on worship, — in the case of that man his so-called religion is just as apt as not to become an actual aid to immorality, for it is not religion at all, but purblind, self-righteous Pharisaism.

1909, Nicholas Murray Butler, Frank Pierrepont Graves, Charles Alexander Nelson, Educational Review - Volume 37, page 383:

A doctrine (or set of doctrines) relating to matters such as morality and faith, set forth authoritatively by a religious organization or leader.


sutra

Borrowed from Sanskrit सूत्र (sū́tra, “thread, yarn, string; rule”). Doublet of sutta; more distantly related to sew and suture.

bor

Shepard: This Code of the Justicar seems central to your life.
Samara: It is five thousand sutras, and covers every situation one can encounter. I have memorized every word. There is only the Code.

2010, BioWare, Mass Effect 2 (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →OCLC, PC, scene: Normandy SR-2:

(Buddhism, Hinduism) A scriptural narrative, especially a discourse of the Buddha.


Numbers

For in the book of Numbers is it writ,
When the man dies, let the inheritance
Descend unto the daughter.

1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]:

The Book of Numbers, the fourth of the Books of Moses in the Old Testament of the Bible, the fourth book in the Torah.


Luke

From Latin Lūcās, from Koine Greek Λουκᾶς (Loukâs). See the Greek entry for more.

כרוזותא דלוקא

Kārōzūtā’ d'Lūqā’

ܟܪܘܙܘܬܐ ܕܠܘܩܐ

Kārōzūtā’ d'Lūqā’

Soiscéal Naofa Íosa Críost de réir Lúcáis

(biblical) The Gospel of St. Luke, a book of the New Testament of the Bible. Traditionally the third of the four gospels.


baramin

From Biblical Hebrew בָּרָא (bārāˀ, “he created”) + מיִן (mīʸn, “kind”) (misunderstood to mean "created kind"), coined by American creationist Frank Lewis Marsh in 1941.

coin

(creationism) A set of organisms descended from some originally created species (based on the Biblical doctrine of Special Creation); a kind.


stigma

From Latin stigma, from Ancient Greek στίγμα (stígma, “brand”), from στίζω (stízō, “I mark”). Distantly related to stick.

(Christianity, chiefly in the plural stigmata) A mark on the body corresponding to one of the wounds of the Crucifixion on Jesus's body, and sometimes reported to bleed periodically.

съигма

Christianity: mark on the body corresponding to one of the wounds of the Crucifixion on Jesus' body


refectory

Via Middle English refectori from Late Latin refectorium, from Latin reficere (“to remake, to rebuild”).

der

They compare very well with similar cafes elsewhere and the quality, for example, is far better and the price cheaper than in my college refectory.

1964 April, “Letters: London stations—a consumers' guide”, in Modern Railways, page 274:

With a clattering of chairs, upended shell cases, benches, and ottomans, Pirate's mob gather at the shores of the great refectory table, a southern island well across a tropic or two from chill Croydon.

1973, Thomas Pynchon, Gravity's Rainbow:

A dining hall, especially in an institution such as a college or monastery.


spook

Borrowed from Dutch spook (“ghost”), from Middle Dutch spooc (“spook, ghost”). Cognate with Middle Low German spôk, spûk (“apparition, ghost”), Middle High German gespük (“a haunting”), German Spuk, Danish spøge (“to haunt”), Swedish spöke (“ghost”). Doublet of puck.


wight

From Middle English wight, wiȝt, from Old English wiht (“thing, creature”), from Proto-West Germanic *wihti, from Proto-Germanic *wihtiz (“thing, creature”, literally “being”), from Proto-Indo-European *wekti- (“cause, sake, thing”), from *wekʷ- (“to say, tell”).
Cognate with Scots wicht (“creature, being, human”), Dutch wicht (“child, baby, girl”), German Low German Wicht (“girl; wight”), German Wicht (“wretch, wight, little creature, scoundrel”), Danish vætte (“underground creature, gnome”), Norwegian Bokmål vette (“underground creature, gnome”), Swedish vätte (“underground creature, gnome”), Icelandic vættur (“imp, elf”). Doublet of whit.

cog

But I saw a glow-worm near, / Who replied: ‘What wailing wight / Calls the watchman of the night?

1789, William Blake, A Dream, lines 14–16:

“In judging of that tempestuous wind called Euroclydon,” says an old writer—of whose works I possess the only copy extant—“it maketh a marvellous difference, whether thou lookest out at it from a glass window where the frost is all on the outside, or whether thou observest it from that sashless window, where the frost is on both sides, and of which the wight Death is the only glazier.”

1851 November 14, Herman Melville, chapter 2, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC, page 10:

Everything in their way was kicked out of place, the barrow-wight setting on with hideous eagerness; Grettir gave back before him for a long time, till at last it came to this, that he saw it would not do to hoard his strength any more; now neither spared the other, and they were brought to where the horse-bones were, and thereabout they wrestled long.

1869, William Morris, Eiríkr Magnússon, transl., Grettis Saga: The Story of Grettir the Strong, F. S. Ellis, page 49:

(poetic) A ghost, deity or other supernatural entity.


smudge

en-noun

smudge (countable and uncountable, plural smudges)

Derived from the verb (see below). Doublet of smutch.

Devil's dirt or asafetida ground together with fenugreek and black cumin seed is used as a smudge against witches and […]

2006, Christian Rätsch, Claudia Müller-Ebeling, Pagan Christmas: The Plants, Spirits, and Rituals, →ISBN:

(paganism, especially in the phrase "smudge stick" = "stick of incense") A quantity of herbs used in suffumigation.


smudge

en-verb

smudge (third-person singular simple present smudges, present participle smudging, simple past and past participle smudged)

smudges (present singular third-person)
smudging (participle present)
smudged (participle past)
smudged (past)

From Middle English *smogen (attested in the gerund smogynge (“soiling, smudging”)), of obscure origin. Compare Middle English besmudded, bismuddet (“filthy”), Middle English smod (“filth, obscene behaviour”), Middle Dutch smoddich (“filthy, dirty”), German schmutzig (“dirty, filthy”).

unc

obscure

cog

(paganism, intransitive) To burn herbs as a cleansing ritual (suffumigation).

This is easily done using incense to smudge yourself or taking a cleansing bath. To smudge your body use an incense mixture such as sandalwood, lavender, frankincense or myrrh.

2013, Rachel Patterson, Pagan Portals - Hoodoo: Folk Magic, →ISBN:

(paganism, transitive) To subject to ritual burning of herbs (suffumigation, smudging).


dowsing

en-noun

dowsing (countable and uncountable, plural dowsings)

The practice of seeking water or other substances (usually liquid) with the aid of a forked stick or similar pointing device, as believed by some practitioners to derive from supernatural power.


jihad

jihad (countable and uncountable, plural jihads)

jihad Wikiquote (canonical)
jihads (plural)

/ˈd͡ʒiːhɑːd/

From Arabic جِهَاد (jihād, “struggle; effort”).

bor

Young Iraqis of both sects obeyed the imams' ruling last week by rushing to conscription offices in hot, dirty, dusty Bagdad to offer themselves or their money for the jihad.

Small groups of killers, the scent of blood in their nostrils, now fanned out by taxi, bicycle or even on horseback into the surrounding countryside, spreading the word that a general jihad, or ‘holy war’, had broken out.

1977, Alistair Horne, A Savage War of Peace, New York: Review Books, published 2006, page 26:

The Jabhat al-Nusra media, with songs about jihad and martyrdom, is extremely influential.

2013 May 8, Mona Mahmood, Ian Black, The Guardian:

(Islam) A holy war undertaken by Muslims.

(Islam, theology) A personal spiritual struggle for self-improvement and/or against evil.


palingenesis

en-noun

palingenesis (countable and uncountable, plural palingeneses)

/ˌpælɪnˈd͡ʒɛnɪsɪs/

/ˌpælɪnˈd͡ʒɛnəsəs/

Probably a variant of palingenesia + -genesis (suffix meaning ‘origin; production’). Palingenesia is a learned borrowing from Late Latin palingenesia (“rebirth; regeneration”), from Koine Greek παλιγγενεσία (palingenesía, “rebirth”), from Ancient Greek πᾰ́λῐν (pálin, “again, anew, once more”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kʷel- (“to turn (end-over-end); to revolve around; to dwell, sojourn”)) + γένεσις (génesis, “creation; manner of birth; origin, source”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget; to give birth; to produce”)) + -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā, suffix forming feminine abstract nouns). By surface analysis, palin- + genesis.
Sense 2 (“apparent repetition, during the development of a single embryo, of changes that occurred previously in the evolution of its species”) is from German Palingenesis; while sense 3 (“regeneration of magma by the melting of metamorphic rocks”) is from Swedish palingenes. Both are derived from the Greek word: see above.
The plural form is probably from palingenesis + Latin genesēs (a plural form of genesis).

der

παλιγγενεσία

a plural form of <i class="Latn mention" lang="la">genesis</i>

[I]t was averred that all germs, or ova, were originally created—each thing living at this hour, having proceeded from a germ which was included within the germ of its antecedent, back as far as the original creation; […] This evolution doctrine was opposed by the Pythagorean idea of a palingenesis, or metempsychosis, under which notion you are to suppose that the animating principle that has heretofore animated the bodies of the living, seeks a new union with organizable matter, upon the dissolution of its last tabernacle, and carries on the new evolution until again displaced, and set free to make new combinations.

1848, Charles D[elucena] Meigs, “Letter XXIX”, in Females and Their Diseases; a Series of Letters to His Class, Philadelphia, Pa.: Lea and Blanchard, →OCLC, page 387:

To appear again as identically the same, would require the palingenesis of Plato, that is, the recommencement of all things, so as to have the same series of causes and effects from the very beginning; but this creed implies the finality of God's power in the phenomenal universe, and Plato never thought that.

1849 October, R. H. Whitelocke, “Art. V.—1. Der Mensch nach den verschiedenen Seiten seiner Natur, order Anthropologie für das gebildete Publikum. Von K. F. Burdach. Stuttgart. 1836. […] [book review]”, in The Westminster Review, American edition, volume LII, New York, N.Y.: Leonard Scott & Co., […], published 1850, →OCLC, page 65, column 2:

But by the light of [Xavier] Bichat and Bell's discoveries, we can see one way to a theory of a Palingenesis of man, in which the flesh and blood of St. Paul, the animal life of Bichat, is eliminated, and the pneumatical body or organic life, the senso-motor nervous system, as distinct from the mere ganglionic, is retained.

1868, J[ohn] B[ickford] Heard, “The Resurrection and Spiritual Body”, in The Tripartite Nature of Man: Spirit, Soul, and Body […], 2nd edition, Edinburgh: T[homas] & T[homas] Clark, […], →OCLC, page 345:

(uncountable, also figuratively) Rebirth; regeneration; (countable) an instance of this.

(philosophy, theology, historical) Spiritual rebirth through the transmigration of the soul.

palingeneziya

spiritual rebirth through the transmigration of the soul


high altar

In the same year as the Furness objection, sadder tidings befell St Pancras Priory at Lewes, in East Sussex. Despite it having the distinction of being the earliest Cluniac monastery in Great Britain, petitions to prevent the Brighton Lewes & Hastings Railway from imposing on its site with its Lewes line failed. The line was approved and, as if as an act of deliberate desecration and assertion of the railways' power, passed over the site of the high altar.

2022 January 12, Dr. Joseph Brennan, “Castles: ruined and redeemed by rail”, in RAIL, number 948, page 57:

The main altar in a church, situated on the main axis at the east of the chancel or choir.


epistle

PIE word
 *h₁epi
The noun is derived from Middle English epistel, epistole, pistel (“letter; literary work in letter form; written legend or story; spoken communication; (Christianity) one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament; extract from such a letter read as part of the Mass”) [and other forms], and then partly:
* from Old English epistol, epistola, pistol (“letter, epistle”), from Latin epistola (“letter, epistle; literary work in letter form”) (whence Late Latin epistola (“one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament”)), from Ancient Greek ἐπῐστολή (epistolḗ, “letter; message”), from ἐπῐστέλλω (epistéllō, “to inform by, or to send, a letter or message”) (from ἐπῐ- (epi-, prefix meaning ‘on, upon’) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi (“at; near; on”)) + στέλλω (stéllō, “to dispatch, send”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *stel- (“to locate; to place, put”))) + -η (-ē, suffix forming action nouns); and
* from Anglo-Norman epistle, and Middle French epistle, epistele, epistole (“letter; (Christianity) one of the letters by an apostle in the New Testament; extract from such a letter read as part of the Mass”) (modern French épître), from Latin epistola (see above).
The verb is derived from the noun.

nb...

apistile, apistille, epistel, epistelle, epistil, epistille, epistle, epistoll, epistolle, epistyll, epystil, epystle, epystole, epystyl, epystyll, pistil, pistle, postile, (Early Middle English) postole

رِسَالَة

letter, especially one which is formal or issued publicly — see also letter

Epistle

New Testament book, extract read during a church service

The Evangiles and Acts, teach us vvhat to beleeve, but the Epiſtles of the Apoſtles vvhat to do.

a. 1632 (date written), John Donne, “To Sr. G. M.”, in John Donne [the Younger], editor, Letters to Severall Persons of Honour: […], London: […] J. Fletcher for Richard Marriot, […], published 1651, →OCLC, page 106:

[T]he Doctrine of Faith, and Myſtery of Salvation, vvas more fully explained, in the Epiſtles vvrit by the Apoſtles.

1695, [John Locke], The Reasonableness of Christianity, as Delivered in the Scriptures, London: […] Awnsham and John Churchil, […], →OCLC, page 190:

Even last century scholars had begun to search for the cities in Asia Minor whose names have become so familiar to the Christian world through the Acts of the Apostles and the Epistles of St. Paul. Where were the places whose inhabitants received the famous Epistle to the Galatians?

1956 November, Werner Keller, “In the Steps of St. Paul”, in William Neil, transl., The Bible as History: Archaeology Confirms the Book of Books, London: Hodder & Stoughton, →OCLC, page 360:

One of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle to an individual or a community.

رِسَالَة

one of the books of the New Testament which was originally a letter issued by an apostle

The Collectes ended, the prieſt, or he that is appointed, ſhall reade the Epiſtle, in a place aſſigned for the purpoſe, ſaying. The Epiſtle of ſainct Paule written in the [blank] Chapiter of [blank] to the.

1549 March 7, Thomas Cranmer [et al.], compilers, “The Supper of the Lorde, and the Holy Communion, Commonly Called the Masse”, in The Booke of the Common Prayer and Administration of the Sacramentes, […], London: […] Edowardi Whitchurche […], →OCLC, folio cxxij, verso:

EPISTLER, He vvho reads the Epiſtles in a Cathedral Church, &c.

1721, N[athan] Bailey, “EPISTLER”, in An Universal Etymological English Dictionary: […], London: […] E. Bell, J. Darby, […], →OCLC, column 2:

An extract from a New Testament epistle (sense 3.1) or book other than a gospel which is read during a church service, chiefly the Eucharist.

epistola

extract from a New Testament epistle or book other than a gospel which is read during a church service


karma

en-noun

karma (countable and uncountable, plural karmas)

Borrowed from Sanskrit कर्मन् (kárman, “act, action, performance”), first attested in English in 1785 in a translation of the Bhagavad Gita by Charles Wilkins.

bor

‘We are all part of a circle of karma. We will be rewarded for the good deeds of our forefathers, and pay the price for their sins.’

2023, Santanu Bhattacharya, One Small Voice, Fig Tree, pages 59-60:

(Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, Jainism) The sum total of a person's actions, which determine the person's next incarnation in samsara, the cycle of death and rebirth.

كَارْمَا

the total effect of a person’s actions and conduct during the successive phases of his existence


Marduk

Ultimately from Sumerian 𒀭𒀫𒌓 (ᵈamar-utu /Marduk/).

A late-generation god from ancient Mesopotamia and patron deity of the city of Babylon.


ciborium

/sɪˈbɔəɹɪəm/

From Medieval Latin cibōrium (“drinking-cup”), from Ancient Greek κιβώριον (kibṓrion, “the Egyptian water-lily’s cupulate seed pod”, or “a drinking-cup fashioned therefrom”).

der

Michael came after her, solemnly bearing the teapot like a ciborium.

(Christianity) A covered receptacle for holding the consecrated wafers of the Eucharist.


irenic

en-adj

irenic (comparative more irenic, superlative most irenic)

more irenic (comparative)
most irenic (superlative)

From Ancient Greek εἰρηνικός (eirēnikós, “characterized by peace, peaceful”) + English -ic (suffix forming adjectives with the sense ‘of or pertaining to’). Εἰρηνικός (Eirēnikós) is derived from εἰρήνη (eirḗnē, “peace”) (possibly from εἴρω (eírō, “to fasten together”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ser- (“(verb) to bind, tie together; (noun) thread”)), or εἴρω (eírō, “to say, speak”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *werh₁- (“to say, speak”))) + -ῐκός (-ikós, suffix forming adjectives with the sense ‘of or pertaining to’).

der

Plato and the Athenians must have felt almost as uncomfortable with Xenophon's irenic intervention as one feels at times in an argument when—just as the point in dispute, precisely by being brought to a head, begins to be interesting—a helpful third party kindly takes it upon himself to reconcile the disputants, to take the whole matter back to a triviality

1989 [1830 October 30], Søren Kierkegaard, translated by Howard V. Hong and Edna H. Hong, On the Concept of Irony with Continual Reference to Socrates, Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, →ISBN:

The idea that the Jews of the region are not genetically distinct from other peoples of the area should be an irenic insight.

2001 November 30, Hywel Williams, “God the state-builder”, in Alan Rusbridger, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2021-05-06:

The philosophes contrasted their own irenic calls for tolerance with the church's historical record as the perennial source of cruelty and fanaticism.

2002, Colin Jones, “An Enlightening Age”, in The Great Nation: France from Louis XV to Napoleon 1715–99, New York, N.Y., Chichester, West Sussex: Columbia University Press, →ISBN, page 199:

The current comity between the United States and China, which have little in common except a river of manufactured goods in one direction and dollars in the other, is a recent reminder of the irenic effects of trade.

2011, Steven Pinker, The Better Angels of Our Nature: Why Violence has Declined, New York, N.Y.: Penguin Books, published 2012, →ISBN, page 343:

(chiefly theology) Promoting or fitted to promote peace or peacemaking, especially over disputes; conciliatory, non-confrontational, peaceful.

миротворен

promoting or fitted to promote peace or peacemaking, especially over disputes — see also conciliatory


Noel

From Middle English Nowel, borrowed from Old French Noel (“Christmas”), from Latin nātālis [diēs Dominī] (“birth[day of the Lord]”). Doublet of natal.


afterlife

en-noun

afterlife (plural afterlives or (rare, proscribed) afterlifes)

afterlives (plural)
afterlifes (plural proscribed rare)

Many religious people believe in an afterlife.

Read in euery Starre, and let the Moone be your Candle to doe it, the prouident disposition of God, the eternitie of your after-life.

1614, Thomas Adams, “The Sinners Passing-Bell”, in The Devills Banket, London: Ralph Mab, page 219:

1715, Alexander Pope, The Temple of Fame, London: Bernard Lintott, Note to p. 16, ver. 5,
Those heroick Barbarians accounted it a Dishonour to die in their Beds, and rush’d on to certain Death in the Prospect of an After-Life […]

1891, Ambrose Bierce, “A Watcher by the Dead” in Tales of Soldiers and Civilians, San Francisco: E.L.G. Steele, p. 175,
I, who have not a shade of superstition in my nature—I, who have no belief in immortality—I, who know […] that the after-life is the dream of a desire

Each person took this paper money and dropped it into a huge tin drum which held within it a fierce fire, a bonfire of heavenly money for Tiger’s afterlife.

2005, Tash Aw, chapter 6, in The Harmony Silk Factory, New York: Riverhead Books, page 67:

A conscious existence after death; a supernatural life that follows one's natural life, in some worldviews.


Judith

→ Cebuano: Judith

Ultimately from Hebrew יְהוּדִית (Y'hudít, “woman from Judea, Jewess”). Doublet of Yehudit.

der

And Judith was left along in the tent, and Holofernes lying along upon his bed: for he was filled with wine. --- And she smote twice upon his neck with all her might, and she took away his head from him.

(biblical) The protagonist of the Biblical book of Judith.

And Esau was forty years old when he took to wife Judith the daughter of Beeri the Hittite, and Bashemath the daughter of Elon the Hittite: Which were a grief of mind unto Isaac and to Rebekah.


mondo

(Zen Buddhism) A dialogue between master and student designed to obtain an intuitive truth.


hamartia

en-noun

hamartia (usually uncountable, plural hamartias)

/ˌhæˌmɑɹˈtiː.ə/

/ˌhɑːˌmɑɹˈtiː.ə/

From Ancient Greek ἁμαρτία (hamartía, “tragic failure, sinful nature”), from the verb ἁμαρτάνω (hamartánō, “to miss the mark”).

der

As a consequence of the primeval peripety, the Adamic fall narrated in Genesis 3, they have all inherited the catastrophic and tragic hamartia, as it were, of original sin, the engrained powerlessness of the soul to will the good, much less to do it, along with the deep disorientation of the soul's root desire.

2020, Paul M. Blowers, Visions and Faces of the Tragic […] , Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 127:


mufti

en-noun

mufti (countable and uncountable, plural muftis)

Ultimately from Arabic مُفْتِي (muftī, “fatwa-deliverer”, literally “deliverer of formal opinion”).

der

Mujtahidd's online claims have prompted an aggressive backlash against social media from the Saudi religious establishment. The grand mufti of Saudi Arabia, Sheikh Abdul-Aziz al-Sheikh, said in January that Twitter was a platform for "promoting lies" and a "dangerous practice" that should be avoided by Muslims. Commentators have described the phenomenon as symbolic of the growing political debate about use of Twitter in Saudi Arabia.

2012 April 19, Josh Halliday, “Free speech haven or lawless cesspool – can the internet be civilised?”, in the Guardian:

(countable, Islam) A Muslim scholar and interpreter of sharia law, who can deliver a fatwa.


Easter Monday

The Monday after Easter Sunday; a bank holiday in Britain and a holiday in many other places.


Eastertide

From Easter + -tide (“period surrounding a festival”).


Palm Sunday

From the palm fronds supposedly laid before Jesus during his entrance to Jerusalem preceding his crucifixion. Originally Old English Palmsunnandæg or palm-sunnandæg. The current spelling dates to the 17th century.

The sixth Sunday in Lent, the Sunday before Easter.

ܥܹܐܕܵܐ ܕܐܘܿܫܲܥܢܹ̈ܐ

ʿēdā d-ošaʿnē


lectionary

(Christianity, Judaism) A book or listing that contains a collection of scripture readings appointed for Christian or Jewish worship on a given day or occasion.


Maltese cross

A flowering plant Lychnis chalcedonica (syn. Silene chalcedonica) of the family Caryophyllaceae

lychnis croix de Malte ou croix de Jérusalem


minaret

First attested in 1682. Borrowed from French minaret, from Ottoman Turkish مناره (Turkish minare), from Arabic مَنَارَة (manāra, “lighthouse”). See note on pronunciations and borrowing of words with ـَة (-a). From the same Proto-Semitic root *nūr- (“fire”) as menorah.

And in the background of the picture, just out of focus behind the man, was a soaring minaret outlined against a shockingly blue sky.

2005, Jon Courtenay Grimwood, Pashazade, page 37, paragraph 21:

The tall slender tower of an Islamic mosque, from which the muezzin recites the adhan (call to prayer).


Easter Bunny

From Easter + bunny, calque of German Osterhase (literally “Easter hare”).

calque

An Easter Bunny Party

1905 April 14, Mary Dawson, “An Easter Bunny Party”, in Good Housekeeping, volume 40, page 461:

One day the old Easter Bunny looked out of his winter covert and Said to his Bunny-wife, who was busy coloring Easter eggs, “It is high time we set out to look for the Easter Lily.”

1915 April 1, The Christian Advocate, volume 90, page 438:

Soon I ran into two Easter Bunnies who gave me candy. Honest! All right, it was really two women wearing pink bunny hoods.

2005, Danie Martin, Always Another Mountain: A Woman Hiking the Appalachian Trail from Springer Mountain to Mount Katahdin, Virtualbookworm Publishing, →ISBN, page 35:

Yeah, remember? We’re Spies, we deal in fact, not chasing after Easter Bunnies.
Yeah, right. Wait the Easter Bunny’s missing? A-ha-ha! Just kidding, guys! I know the Easter Bunny is tucked away safe in his little toadstool house up in the fjords of British Columbia.

2006 March 16, Bryan Thompson, “I Want My Mummy”, in Totally Spies!, season 2, episode 2, spoken by Alexandra “Alex” (Jennifer Hale as Samantha “Sam” and Katie Leigh), Marathon Media, via Teletoon:

Easter Bunnies can be booked for businesses (such as Malls), for churches, for community Easter Egg Hunts or even as a preferred birthday party costume character for a birthday that falls close to Easter.

2014, Margy Johnson, Start Your Own Costume Character Business & Make Great Money Working at Home, Xlibris, →ISBN, page 73:

Some residents rotated decorations seasonally by displaying holiday wreaths in the winter and plastic Easter Bunnies and pinwheels in the spring.

2016, Kimberley Kinder, DIY Detroit: Making Do in a City without Services, University of Minnesota Press, →ISBN:

Two costumed Easter Bunnies, handing out plastic, candy-filled eggs and hugging children, hopped in our ranks.

2016, Richard J. Gonzales, “Conclusion”, in Raza Rising: Chicanos in North Texas, University of North Texas Press, →ISBN, page 287:

A symbolic rabbit sometimes depicted delivering Easter eggs to children.

Osterhaas

Symbolic rabbit sometimes depicted delivering Easter eggs to children


salvation

en-noun

salvation (countable and uncountable, plural salvations)

From Middle English savacioun, from Old French savaciun, salvaciun, from Latin salvātiō. Displaced native Old English hǣlu.

Collective salvation is not possible without personal salvation, but the latter is achievable.

(religion) The process of being saved, the state of having been saved (from hell).


Maundy Thursday

From Middle English Maunde Þursday (“Holy Thursday”), equivalent to maundy + Thursday. Middle English maundy derives from Old French mandé, from Latin mandātum, in reference to the phrase mandātum novum dō vōbīs (“a new commandment I give unto you”).

inh

The dialect name for Maundy Thursday, Grie(ner)-Durmerschdawg (Green Thursday, literally), is in very large part responsible for the basic lore that attaches to this day: One must eat something green on this day.[…]Failure to eat something green on Maundy Thursday had dire consequences, according to the folk mind: One would get the itch, one would become lousy, or as a York County informant put it, "Mer iss s gans yawr uff em aisel." (One will be a mule all year long.)

1960, Alfred Lewis Shoemaker, Eastertide in Pennsylvania: A Folk-Cultural Study, published 2000, page 13:

It is the tradition among Christians in Africa on Maundy Thursday that, before the sacrament of Holy Communion is served, worshipers move about the sanctuary and seek forgiveness from everyone they have hurt or offended or sinned against — known or unknown — in recent months.

2002, Steven Molin, Journey Of Stones: A Sermon Series For Lent And Easter, page 47:

Most Presbyterian churches have an evening service on Maundy Thursday that includes the celebration of the Lord's Supper.

2011, Donald K. McKim, More Presbyterian Questions, More Presbyterian Answers: Exploring Christian Faith, page 42:

The Thursday before Easter, which commemorates the Last Supper.


Latinize

en-verb

Latinize (third-person singular simple present Latinizes, present participle Latinizing, simple past and past participle Latinized)

Latinizes (present singular third-person)
Latinizing (participle present)
Latinized (participle past)
Latinized (past)

to Latinize the Church of England

(transitive) To make like the Roman Catholic Church or diffuse its ideas in.


viaticum

From Latin viāticum (“travelling-money, provisions for a journey”), from viāticus (“of a road or journey”), from via (“road”). Doublet of voyage.

der

[…]from Anglo-Saxon times there had been a deep conviction that to receive the viaticum was a virtual death sentence which would make subsequent recovery impossible.

1971, Keith Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic (nonfiction), Folio Society; republished as Religion and the Decline of Magic: Studies in Popular Beliefs in Sixteenth and Seventeenth-Century England, Penguin Books, 2003, →ISBN, page 37:

(especially Catholicism) The Eucharist, when given to a person who is dying or one in danger of death.


poustinia

From the Russian пусты́ня (pustýnja, “desert”).

Yes, that "doing something more" can be the poustinia: an entry into the desert, a lonely place, a silent place, where one can lift the two arms of prayer and penance to God in atonement, intercession, reparation for one's sins and those of one's brothers.... To go into the poustinia means to listen to God. It means entering into kenosis—the emptying of oneself.

In Christian spirituality, a small sparsely furnished cabin or room where a person goes to fast and pray, but which is less austere than a hermitage.


bredrin

Everybody smiling and relax like they was all bredrin now.

2022, Ayanna Lloyd Banwo, When We Were Birds, Hamish Hamilton, page 25:

(Rastafari) A close male friend, family member, or comrade.


thealogy

en-noun

thealogy (countable and uncountable, plural thealogies)

From Ancient Greek θεά (theá, “goddess”) + -logy.

The study of or reflection upon the or a goddess, or the feminine divine, e.g. from a feminist viewpoint.


Easter egg

/ˈiː.stəɹ ˌɛɡ/

Adventure (1980 video game)#Easter_egg
Easter egg

From Easter + egg. Cognate with German Low German Ooosterei (“Easter egg”), Middle High German ōsterei ("Easter egg"; > modern German Osterei).
So called because eggs would be eaten during Easter to break the fasting during Lent. (No eggs, dairy, meat except fish, lard, or foods containing these ingredients could be eaten during Lent.)
The computing sense is from the early 1980s, popularized by the video game Adventure.

gloss

"Easter egg"; > modern German <i class="Latn mention" lang="de">Osterei</i>

Because eggs were inexpensive in most regions, the practice of decorating Easter eggs crossed all social classes and remained somewhat simple.

2009, Ace Collins, chapter 23, in Stories Behind the Traditions and Songs of Easter:

A dyed or decorated egg, traditionally associated with Easter and, in the Western European tradition, sometimes hidden for children to find.


wog

The origins are not entirely clear. The term was first noted by the lexicographer F.C. Bowen in 1929, in his Sea Slang: a dictionary of the old-timers’ expressions and epithets, where he defines wogs as "lower class Babu shipping clerks on the Indian coast."
The most common theory is that it is a clipping of golliwog, which was first used as the name of a black-faced doll in Florence Upton’s 1895 book The Adventures of Two Dutch Dolls and a Golliwogg. A variety of folk etymologies exist, with the most common claiming that the word is an acronym for one of either westernized, worthy, wily, or wonderful preceding “Oriental gentlemen”. Another erroneous claim is that it was used in the mid 1800s, with WOGS (meaning Working On Government Service) stencilled on the shirts of Indian workers in Egypt.
The Scientologist sense is from the usage of L. Ron Hubbard, who apparently accepted the folk etymology from “worthy Oriental gentleman” but employed the term to mean “common ordinary run-of-the-mill garden-variety humanoid”.

perker

an offensive term for a dark-skinned person

So yes, they do keep records, but no they are not 'accurate' in the wog world meaning of the word.

1998 December 31, Hartley Patterson, “Documented Membership??”, in alt.religion.scientology (Usenet), message-ID <76gomd$tae$1@news4.svr.pol.co.uk>:

I'm of course talking about Hubbard's books (including Book One) being extensively rewritten, and Scn's decision to remove any mention of LRH from materials intended for wogs.

2007 June 21, Dave Touretzky, “date correction for DM's big revelation”, in alt.religion.scientology (Usenet), message-ID <467ab5da$1@news2.lightlink.com>:

At the Org there were mixed feelings towards wogs because, at any given time, there were wogs in our midst. Wogs coming in off the street in search of Scientology services were looked upon favourably […]

2012, Bruce Clark, Love, Sex, Fleas, God:

(Scientology, often attributive) A person who is not a Scientologist.


psychic

From Ancient Greek ψυχικός (psukhikós, “relative to the soul, spirit, mind”). Earlier referred to as "psychical"; or from Ancient Greek ψυχή (psukhḗ, “soul, mind, psyche”). First appeared (as substantive) 1871 and first records 1895.

uder

(Gnosticism) In gnostic theologian Valentinus' triadic grouping of man the second type; a person focused on intellectual reality (the other two being hylic and pneumatic).

psyykikko

person focused on intellectual reality (Gnosticism)


godparent

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-godparent.wav

From god- + parent, modelled after godfather, godmother, godsib, etc.

A person who, at a child's naming ceremony or baptism, agrees to help raise the child, originally and especially in regard to their religious development.

padrín

person who stood for a child during a naming ceremony or baptism


Seth

From Ancient Greek Σήθ (Sḗth), from Biblical Hebrew שֵׁת (Šet, literally “chosen one, appointed, placed”).

der

And Adam lived an hundred and thirty years, and begat a son in his own likeness, after his image; and called his name Seth:

(biblical) The third son of Adam and Eve.


Seth

From Ancient Greek Σήθ (Sḗth), from Egyptian s-t:X (stẖ).

(Egyptian mythology) An ancient Egyptian god, variously described as the god of chaos, the god of thunder and storms, or the god of destruction.


Jewish calendar

(religion, Judaism) A lunisolar calendar used for Jewish religious observance and as an official calendar of the State of Israel.


flamen

(historical, Ancient Rome) A priest devoted to the service of a particular god, from whom he received a distinguishing epithet. The most honored were those of Jupiter, Mars, and Quirinus, called respectively Flamen Dialis, Flamen Martialis, and Flamen Quirinalis.


God-fearing

en-adj

God-fearing (comparative more God-fearing, superlative most God-fearing)

more God-fearing (comparative)
most God-fearing (superlative)

From God + fearing, likely a continuation (in altered form) of earlier Middle English goddfrihti, gode-frigti (“god-fearing”), variants of Middle English godfriht, gode-friht, godfruht, god-furht, from Old English godfyrht, godefriht (“god-fearing”). Cognate with Gothic 𐌲𐌿𐌳𐌰𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌷𐍄𐍃 (gudafaurhts, “god-fearing, devout”).

cog

Margie married Bill, a good, God-fearing Christian.

The skipper Mr. Cooke had hired at Far Harbor was a God-fearing man with a luke warm interest in his new billet and employer, and had only been prevailed upon to take charge of the yacht after the offer of an emolument equal to half a year's sea pay of an ensign in the navy.

1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter X, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:

(religion) Following the precepts of a religious practice; respecting and revering God and his authority.

وَرِع

following the precepts of a religious practice and respects and reveres god and his authority


Purim

From Hebrew פּוּרִים (purím, literally “lots”).

uder

Today, Jews celebrate the holiday of Purim, a festival of revelry that commemorates their deliverance from an ancient genocidal plot. […] Traditionally, a scroll containing that book is read twice over the holiday, with listeners making noise to drown out the name of the story’s villain, Haman, a vizier who manipulated the Persian king into nearly eradicating the Jews.

2022 March 17, Yair Rosenberg, “The Anti-Semite on Your TV”, in The Atlantic:

(Judaism) A Jewish festival, celebrated on the 14th day of Adar, commemorating the deliverance of the Persian Jews from a complete massacre at the hand of Haman the Amalekite.


godless

en-adj

godless (comparative more godless, superlative most godless)

more godless (comparative)
most godless (superlative)

From god + -less. Compare Saterland Frisian godloos (“godless”), West Frisian goddeleas (“godless; wicked”), Dutch goddeloos (“godless; wicked”), German Low German gottlos (“godless”), German gottlos (“godless”), Danish gudløse (“godless”), Swedish gudlös (“godless; ungodly”), Icelandic guðlaus (“godless”), Gothic 𐌲𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃 (gudalaus, “godless”).

cog

Not acknowledging any deity or god; without belief in any deity or god.

مُلْحِد

not acknowledging any deity or god; without belief in any deity or god