People of the Book

Calque of Arabic أَهْل الْكِتَاب (ʔahl al-kitāb).

cal

أَهْل الْكِتَاب

(Islam) Non-Muslims who adhere to an Abrahamic religion.


salaam alaikum

Borrowed from Arabic السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ (as-salāmu ʕalaykum, “peace be upon you”). Doublet of shalom aleichem.

bor+

السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ

(Islam) A greeting said on meeting someone.

әссәләмәғәләйкүм

əssələməğələyküm


parikrama

en-noun

parikrama (countable and uncountable, plural parikramas)

(Buddhism, Hinduism) The circumambulation of a sacred place.


dawn prayer

Calque of Arabic صَلَاةُ الْفَجْرِ (ṣalātu l-fajri)

calque

صَلَاةُ الْفَجْرِ

Ayesha relates that the Holy Prophet never omitted four raka'as before the noon prayer and two raka'as before the dawn Prayer.

1975, Nawawi, Gardens of the Righteous, Page 198

The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) happened to pass by a person who was busy in praying while the (Fard of the) dawn prayer had commenced.

1990, Sahih Muslim, Being Traditions of the Sayings and Doings of the Prophet, book 4, number 1535

It is known with certainty that if someone prays one bowing of the dawn prayer before sunrise, and if someone prays one bowing of the afternoon prayer before sunset, then […]

2013, al-Shafii, The Epistle on Legal Theory, Page 239

(Islam) fajr, the first of the five daily prayers offered by practising Muslims.


Mercedarian

A member of the Order of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mercy.


connexionalism

Can it be said that here is an application of Methodism's concept of connexionalism to the embodiment of koinonia? That no indications in the dialogue point overtly in this direction does not rule out the possibility of it being in the Methodist mind and heart.

2008, Lorelei F. Fuchs, Koinonia and the Quest for an Ecumenical Ecclesiology:

(theology) The theological understanding and foundation of Methodist polity, as practised in the British Methodist Church, the American United Methodist Church, and many of the countries where Methodism was established by their missionaries.


evening prayer

(Anglicanism, Methodism) The second of the two services of the Daily Office, combining the canonical hours of vespers and compline. Commonly called evensong, especially when the service is musical.

Anglicanism; Methodism; Anglicanism; Methodism

hwyrol weddi

second of two services of the Daily Office

– – has been set at two in the morning prayer, four in the midday prayer, four in the afternoon prayer, three in the sunset prayer, and four in the evening prayer.

2006, Vincent Cornell, Voices of Islam [5 Volumes], page 13:

(religion) Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see evening, prayer.


wind horse

An allegory for the human soul in the shamanistic tradition of East and Central Asia.


munafiq

Unadapted borrowing from Arabic مُنَافِق (munāfiq)

ubor

(Islam) A religious hypocrite, a person who professes to believe in something (especially Islam) but actually does not.


fasiq

Unadapted borrowing from Arabic فَاسِق (fāsiq), from فِسْق (fisq).

(Islam) An evil-doer, sinner; a person who violates Islamic law.


salaf

Borrowed from Arabic سَلَف (salaf, “predecessor”).

(Islam) One of the earliest Muslims, including Muhammad's companions and followers.


Russellite

When Malone next looked round he was gone. "He is one of these Second-coming fanatics," he whispered to Enid. There are a lot of them—Christadelphians, Russellites, Bible Students and what-not.

1925 July – 1926 May, A[rthur] Conan Doyle, “Which Describes an Evening in Strange Company”, in The Land of Mist (eBook no. 0601351h.html), Australia: Project Gutenberg Australia, published April 2019:

(historical, Christianity) A follower of Charles Taze Russell (1852–1916), Christian restorationist minister from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA, and founder of what is now known as the Bible Student movement.


mobad

(religion) A Zoroastrian cleric of a particular rank, qualified to serve as celebrant priest at the Yasna ceremony and to train other priests.


murtad

Borrowed from Arabic مُرْتَدّ (murtadd).

(Islam, sometimes used derogatorily) An apostate from Islam.


mushrik

Unadapted borrowing from Arabic مُشْرِك (mušrik).

unadapted borrowing

And do not marry mushrik women until they believe, for a believing bondmaid is better than a mushrik woman, even though you may admire her.

1999, Yusuf Al-Qaradawi, quoting The Qur'an, translated by Kamal El-Helbawy, M. Moinuddin Siddiqui, Syed Shukry, and Ahmad Zaki Hammad, The Lawful and the Prohibited in Islam (Al-Halal Wal Haram Fil Islam), →ISBN:

A person can have committed shirk in their lifetime and still find forgiveness (especially by saying the Shahada and becoming a Muslim). The concept is that if one dies in this state (as a mushrik, an idolator, one who engages in and does not repent shirk), there is no forgiveness.

2013, James R. White, What Every Christian Needs to Know About the Qur'an, Baker Books, →ISBN:

(Islam) A person who rejects tawhid; an idolater, a polytheist.


iqama

(Islam) The second call to prayer, made immediately before Muslims pray.


mutawatir

Borrowed from Arabic مُتَواتِر (mutawātir, “successive”).

bor

(Islam, science of hadith) A large chain of narrations in the hadiths


kshetra

Borrowed from Sanskrit क्षेत्र (kṣetra, “field, area, tract of land”).


Allah-fearing

en-adj

Allah-fearing (comparative more Allah-fearing, superlative most Allah-fearing)

more Allah-fearing (comparative)
most Allah-fearing (superlative)


Islamerica

2003, Eprem, Re: Islam: The Next American Religion? Group: alt.religion.islam
Americans are not very inclined to believe your propaganda of a utopia islamerica

2006, Wild Monkshood, Re: Only in America--soon to be Islamerica. Give an inch, they'll take . . . your country. Group: alt.true-crime
Only in America--soon to be Islamerica

2002, TR, Re: Women Slaves of Islam Group: alt.religion.islam
What is the most Islamic country in the world? Islamerica. If you eliminated from the list of Muslims, all those Muslims that other Muslims called "they are not Muslims", there would be no Muslims left on the list

He had already formed a very preliminary first hypothesis, based on that vector running through Angela's statement about Islamerica's objective; Braddock's multiple personas as a shuttle pilot […]

2002, Arthur Becker, Destiny Restored - Page 103

(derogatory) A supposed future United States which is predominantly inhabited by Muslims.


Pazend

From Zoroastrian Middle Persian pʾcnd (pāzand), from Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 𐬰𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬙𐬌 (paⁱti zainti, “according to understanding”); see Zend for more.

der

𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 𐬰𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬙𐬌

A variant of Avestan alphabet used to write Middle Persian.

پازند

variant of the Avestan alphabet to write Middle Persian


anti-Shia

en-adj

anti-Shia (comparative more anti-Shia, superlative most anti-Shia)

more anti-Shia (comparative)
most anti-Shia (superlative)


Mihanere

Borrowed from Maori mihinare, from English missionary.

(New Zealand, archaic, religion) A convert to Christianity.


anti-Shiite

anti-Shiite (comparative more anti-Shiite, superlative most anti-Shiite)

more anti-Shiite (comparative)
most anti-Shiite (superlative)


muhurta

(Hinduism) A unit of time measurement in the Hindu calendar, approximately 48 minutes.


Zagreus

(Greek mythology) An obscure figure in Greek mythology who, according to Orphic tradition, was the son of Zeus and Persephone who was destroyed by the Titans but reborn through the intervention of Zeus as Dionysus.


anti-Sunnism

the secularism of the Ba'ath and the supposed anti-Sunnism of Hafiz alAssad

2013, Raphael Lefevre, Ashes of Hama: The Muslim Brotherhood in Syria - Page 72

His strident anti-Sunnism roused the Sunnis in Afghanistan to action that eventually led to the overthrow of the Safavid dynasty in 1722 and the coming to power of a Sunni Afghan in Iran.

2004, Phyllis Jestice, Holy People of the World: A Cross-cultural Encyclopedia - Page 533

His emphasis on the plight of the Mustaz'afin or “miserable ones” belonged to the realm of economics and anti-imperialism, not to the realm of religion and anti-Sunnism

2011, Meir Litvak, The Sunna and Shi'a in History:

Prejudice, discrimination or hostility directed against Sunnis


Shiaphobia

Shiaphobia is nothing new for Saudi Arabia. The kingdom's legitimacy derives from the Wahhabi sect of Islam, a Sunni Muslim group that attacked Shiite shrines in Iraq in the nineteenth century, and today systematically discriminates against Shias.

2012, Satish, “New book on Shias by Hamid Dabashi”, in soc.culture.iranian (Usenet):

The discourse of a Shi'ite Crescent and the consequent “Shiaphobia” seem problematic for a number of reasons.

2013, Glen Perry, The International Relations of the Contemporary Middle East, page 161:

An irrational fear, hatred, or dislike of Shi'ites.


Farthest Mosque

Calque of Arabic الْمَسْجِد الْأَقْصَى (al-masjid al-ʔaqṣā)

calque

الْمَسْجِد الْأَقْصَى

(Islam) the Temple Mount (Al-Aqsa compound) in Jerusalem


Messian

That to Earth's utmost lands I may set forth / Thy grace supreme, in sending her, else lost, / Messiah, saviour from the yoke of Hell; / And prove the pure Messian scheme, a scheme / Not mortal man's, but all throughout Thine own.

1842, Simon Gray, Esq., The Messiad: Or, the Life, Death, Resurrection, and Exaltation of Messiah, the Prophet of the Nations, London: Longman, Brown, and Co., Book I, lines 39–43, page 4:

(religion, archaic) Of or pertaining to the Messiah.


Noble Sanctuary

Calque of Arabic الْحَرَم الشَرِيف (al-ḥaram aš-šarīf)

الْحَرَم الشَرِيف

(Islam) The Temple Mount, when viewed as an Islamic holy site (specifically, the third holiest site).


Haram al-Sharif

Borrowed from Arabic الْحَرَم الشَّرِيف (al-ḥaram aš-šarīf, “the noble sanctuary”), a sobriquet also used for the other two holiest sites in Islam in Mecca and Medina.

bor+

الْحَرَم الشَّرِيف

This marked the first time since 2017 that an Israeli Minister has visited the site, known by Jews as Temple Mount and by Muslims as Haram al-Sharif, and which is administered by Jordan.

2023 January 5, “UN working to reduce tensions following Israel minister’s holy site visit”, in UN News, archived from the original on 2023-02-21:

(Islam) The Temple Mount; the Noble Sanctuary.


protogospel

(religion) A hypothetical common gospel from which later gospels were derived.


al-Amin

Borrowed from Arabic الْأَمِين (al-ʔamīn).

(Islam) a nickname of Muhammad, meaning the trusted one


Abu Qasim

Borrowed from Arabic أَبُو الْقَاسِم (ʔabū l-qāsim, “father of al-Qasim”).

أَبُو الْقَاسِم


read oneself in

en-verb

read oneself in (third-person singular simple present reads oneself in, present participle reading oneself in, simple past and past participle read oneself in)

reads oneself in (present singular third-person)
reading oneself in (participle present)
read oneself in (participle past)
read oneself in (past)

Parson Tyll was a curate of one parish across the Strood and of the two on the island. The rector was non-resident, on the plea of the unsalubrity of the spot. He had held the rectory of one parish and the vicarage of the other thirty years, and during that period had visited his cures twice, once to read himself in, and on the other occasion to exact some tithes denied him.

1920, Sabine Baring-Gould, Mehalah: a story of the salt marshes, Chapter 11:

(ecclesiastical, Anglicanism, dated, idiomatic) To read aloud the Thirty-nine Articles and the Declaration of Assent; required of a clergyman of the Church of England when he first officiates in a new benefice.


Hakadosh Baruch Hu

/həkəˈdoʊʃ bəɹʊˈhuː/

/həˈkʌdəʃ ˈbʌɹʊhuː/

Transliteration of Hebrew הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא (haqqāḏôš bārûḵ hû).

translit

הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא

haqqāḏôš bārûḵ hû

(Judaism) God, literally "the Holy One, blessed be He".


Annas

From Latin Annas (used in the Vulgate), from Ancient Greek Ἅννας (Hánnas), from Hebrew / Aramaic חנן (khanan) as a shortened form of חֲנַנְיָה (khananya).

(biblical) A Jewish high priest known for having four sons and a son-in-law (Caiaphas) succeed him in his lifetime; and for cooperating with Caiaphas to have Jesus Christ crucified.

حنان

A Jewish high priest in the first century CE.


Gerasene

From the Late Latin Gerasēnus, Gergesēnus, from the Ancient Greek Γερασηνός (Gerasēnós), Γεργεσηνός (Gergesēnós), from Γέρασα (Gérasa), Γέργεσα (Gérgesa).

And when he was come to the other side into the country of the Gergesenes, there met him two possessed with devils, coming out of the tombs, exceeding fierce, so that no man might pass by that way.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Matthew 8:28:

(chiefly historical) A native or inhabitant of Gerasa.


khums

(Islam) A Shi'ite tax of one-fifth of various profits (e.g. one's surplus income, or business profits).


conciliarity

(religion) The adherence of various Christian communities to the authority of ecumenical councils and to synodal church government.


postconciliar

en-adj

postconciliar (comparative more postconciliar, superlative most postconciliar)

more postconciliar (comparative)
most postconciliar (superlative)

This, as Lebedeff reminds his readers, is no new theory: it was advanced in the last century by Franzelin; while Vincenzi argues that the Creed is a post-Conciliar addition to the book made not by the author, but by another and a less skilful hand.

1903 January, N. Orloff, “A Russian View of the Creed of Constantinople”, in The Journal of Theological Studies, volume 4, pages 287–288:

A theory of the indirect power of the papacy was developed at this time by John of Turrecremata, one of the staunchest opponents of the claims of the conciliarists, but he was the exception to the majority of fifteenth century theologians and jurists in the post-conciliar period.

1963, Paul E. Sigmund, Nicholas of Cusa and Medieval Political Thought, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Cambridge University Press, →LCCN, page 287:

The experience reported by some priests of their postconciliar parishes appears to bear out my thesis. Their people do not turn out for the innovations (discussion groups, Bible vigils), but they have also stopped turning out for the old standbys (novenas, Benediction, Forty-Hour devotions).

1967 March 3, Daniel Callahan, “The Renewal Mass”, in Commonweal, page 622; quoted in J. Paul Williams, What Americans Believe and How They Worship, 3rd edition, New York: Harper & Row, 1969, →LCCN, pages 84–85:

The candidate must be a practicing Roman Catholic with knowledge and understanding of the postconciliar church, have an advanced graduate degree (preferably a Ph.D. or Ed.D.) and a minimum of 5+ years as a teacher or administrator with some experience in Catholic schools.

2004 February 23, “Classifieds”, in America, volume 190, number 6, New York, →ISSN, page 29:

Both began as “reformist” feminist theologians in the optimistic postconciliar mood of the midsixties, that is, they recognized the problems inherent to Christianity but believed, with reform, that Christianity could lead people to justice and liberation.

2008, Mary J. Henold, Catholic and Feminist: The Surprising History of the American Catholic Feminist Movement, Chapel Hill, North Carolina: University of North Carolina Press, →ISBN, page 40:

In or of the period following an ecclesiastical council, especially the Second Vatican Council.


thusness

en-noun

thusness (countable and uncountable, plural thusnesses)

(philosophy, chiefly Buddhism) The state of things being as they are.


tallit katan

A fringed poncho-like garment traditionally worn either under or over the clothing by Jewish males.


yichud

(Judaism) The prohibition in Jewish religious law against seclusion in a private area of a man and a woman who are not married to each other, so as to prevent adultery or promiscuity.

If a man and a woman entered yichud, in the presence of witnesses, with the intent of their act signifying marriage, they *would* be married enough to require a get, regardless of whether or not they actually had sex in the room.

1996 April 30, Jonathan Kamens, “Question on love affairs and illegitimate children”, in soc.culture.jewish (Usenet):

(Judaism) The state of being secluded in a private area with someone of the opposite sex.


epistle side

Traditionally, the Epistle is read from this side.

the Consecrating Bishop washes his hands, and goes up to the Altar; and the newly consecrated goes to the Epistle side of the same Altar, and having there a Missal placed for him, he accompanies the Consecrating Bishop through the remaining part of the Mass.

1848, anonymous author, The Rite of the Consecration of a Bishop in the Catholic Church:

(religion) The right side of an altar or church from the perspective of a person looking from the nave toward the chancel.


hypothetical baptism

hypothetical baptism (countable and uncountable, plural hypothetical baptisms)

(religion, dated) Baptism administered to somebody who may or may not have been baptized before.


Basilian

a member of any of the religious orders tracing their origin to Saint Basil the Great


UP

United Presbyterian
w:United Presbyterian

(religion) Initialism of United Presbyterian.


ovoo

Borrowed from Mongolian овоо (ovoo, “heap”).

Bayan Obo, Inner Mongolia, China

(religion) A shamanistic cairn found in Mongolia, usually made from rocks or wood and found on or around mountains.


Antipas

Through Latin Antipās from Ancient Greek Ἀντῐ́πᾱς (Antípās), a contraction of Ἀντῐ́πᾰτρος (Antípatros); from ἀντῐ́πᾰτρος (antípatros, “an initiate to the highest grade of the Mysteries of Mithras”).

At the death of Herod the Great (4 b.c.), his sons — Archelaus, Herod Antipas, and Herod Philip — were given jurisdiction over his divided kingdom. Herod Antipas became the tetrarch of Galilee and Perea […].

2002, Kenneth L. Barker (general editor), Zondervan NIV Study Bible, Zondervan, note on Luke 3:1

(biblical) Herod Antipas, tetrarch of the ancient Roman province of Judea, known for his roles in the executions of John the Baptist and Jesus of Nazareth.

I know where you live—where Satan has his throne. Yet you remain true to my name. You did not renounce your faith in me, not even in the days of Antipas, my faithful witness, who was put to death in your city—where Satan lives.

2011, Bible (New International Version), Biblica, Inc., Revelation 2:13

(biblical) A martyr from the early Christian church at Pergamum.


Astrape

From Ancient Greek ἀστραπή (astrapḗ, literally “lightning”).

uder

(Greek mythology) The goddess/personification of lightning, sister of Bronte, and an attendant of Zeus. Her Roman counterpart is Fulgora.


antidemonic

en-adj

antidemonic (comparative more antidemonic, superlative most antidemonic)

more antidemonic (comparative)
most antidemonic (superlative)

The psalm expresses security in God and gives assurance of Divine protection from dangers and calamities with which life is beset. It is commonly interpreted as an "antidemonic psalm."

1996, Macy Nulman, The Encyclopedia of Jewish Prayer, page 384:

(religion) Opposing or countering demons.


Bronte

From Ancient Greek βροντή (brontḗ, “thunder”) or Βρόντης (Bróntēs, “Thunderer, name of one of the cyclops”).

der

(Greek mythology) The goddess personifying thunder.


Fulgora

(Roman mythology) The Roman goddess/personification of lightning. She is the Roman counterpart of Astrape.


Balder

Among the Norse, the god Balder is the most closely associated with the solstices. In a myth that explains the actions of the midsummer and midwinter Sun, Balder, the son of the god Odin, was said to die at the hands of his evil brother, who wielded a mistletoe stake each summer solstice. He was reborn at the winter solstice, or what is still known in Germany as Mother Night (the 'mother' in question being the goddess who brings the new born Sun back into existence).

2005, A. Bhatnagar, William Charles Livingston, Fundamentals of Solar Astronomy, page 3:

It is difficult to understand how the author of The Traditions of the God Balder (Die Uberlieferungen vom Gone Balder) from 1920 in which he compared the Balder cult with earlier Mediterranean beliefs could come out so strongly in favor of Kossinna's ex Septentrione lux scarcely a decade later.

2008, Bernard Thomas Mees, The Science of the Swastika, page 175:

What he does not mention is that Balder is the Norse counterpart of Helios (the Greek forerunner of Sol); he was the god of light, son of Odin and Frigg, as Helios was the son of Hyperion and Theia.

2008, Michael Ward, Planet Narnia: The Seven Heavens in the Imagination of C. S. Lewis, unnumbered page:

Balder, the radiant god of sunshine, reminds us not only of Apollo and Orpheus, but of all the other heroes of sun myths.

2010, H. A. Guerber, Hammer of Thor: Norse Mythology and Legends, page 246:

(Norse mythology) The Norse god of light and purity, a son of Odin and Frigg, known for his beauty and near-invulnerability.


Santaphobia

You've done it again. It's practically Christmas Eve, and you haven't bought a single present. What's with you? Santaphobia?

1997 December 9, Anne Stockwell, Alan Frutkin, “More stuff for your stockings”, in The Advocate, page 66:

"The reason people dread Christmas — Santaphobia — is that it is a time of tradition, a time that arouses all kinds of memories," said Dr. Ponce.

1999, "Christmas scares the HELL out of millions of Americans", Weekly World News (satire), 21 December 1999, page 30

Even with 3 poses, it's not always easy to get a "natural" look. This one is the best we could manage. When we say "smile" to the kids they really exaggerate it. You can see that Delanie still hadn't gotten over her Santaphobia.

2002 December 23, © Mike, “Trio Visits Santa”, in alt.fan.mark-brian (Usenet):

(humorous) The fear of Santa Claus or Christmas.


religofascist

Not the modern brand of religofascist conservative, but real conservatives.

2007 March 19, Andrealphus [username], “Re: Gonzales must go ...The Next Victum of Bush?”, in misc.survivalism (Usenet):

Regardless, Obmama^([sic]) needs the Clintons on his side. He can no more win with the Clintons against him than McCain can with the religofascists against him.

2008 June 5, Fred the Red Shirt [username], “Re: Congrats Obama!”, in rec.woodworking (Usenet):

Don't tell me about these idiots, I live in the heart of right wing religofascist bigots.

2010 August 27, nJb [username], “Re: Taibbi on Tea Party results”, in alt.sports.hockey.nhl.vanc-canucks (Usenet):


ziofascism

(derogatory, offensive, see usage notes) An authoritarian or totalitarian form of Zionism.


ziofascist

en-adj

ziofascist (comparative more ziofascist, superlative most ziofascist)

more ziofascist (comparative)
most ziofascist (superlative)


cenobium

There were the cenobia, or monasteries proper, where the life was according to the lines laid down by St Basil; and there were the lauras, wherein a semi-eremitical life was followed, the monks living in separate huts within the enclosure.

1911, E. C. Butler, “Monasticism”, in H[enry] M[elvill] Gwatkin, J[ames] P[ounder] Whitney, editors, The Cambridge Medieval History, volumes I (The Christian Roman Empire and the Foundation of the Teutonic Kingdoms), Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: University Press, →OCLC, page 529:

Psalmody refers to singing or reciting psalms; in the cenobium this was performed communally seven times a day.

2002, Robert Imperato, “Desert Tradition: Cassian and Benedict”, in Early and Medieval Christian Spirituality, Lanham, Md.: University Press of America, →ISBN, page 45:

We are part of a community, a cenobium, and we are under the spiritual direction of an abbot and his delegates.

2011, John Michael Talbot, “The Observance of Lent”, in Blessings of St. Benedict, Collegeville, Minn.: Liturgical Press, →ISBN, page 79:

The cenobium is the proper locus for the acquisition of virtue and in the nineteenth conference he has the Abbot John [Cassian], who had passed thirty years in the cenobium, twenty as an anchorite and then returned to the cenobium, expound the dangers of the desert and the advantages of the cenobium.

2012, Mark Sheridan, “John Cassian and the Formation of Authoritative Tradition”, in From the Nile to the Rhone and Beyond: Studies in Early Monastic Literature and Scriptural Interpretation, Rome: Studia Anselmiana, →ISBN, part II (To the Rhone), page 417:


al-CIAda

You must be one of the last remaining people on the planet that doesn't know
that Al-CIAda was a CIA creation.

2005 March 14, Tylêr - Ðûrden» ~, “Re: The USA Deserved 911 - too bad more weren't killed.”, in can.politics (Usenet):

On Friday, the U.S. Secretary of State, Hillary Clinton, and members of
more than 30 other nations meet in Istanbul, Turkey, and announced they
have granted al-CIAda and the so-called rebels in Libya full diplomatic
recognition.

2011 July 16, Möebius Pretzel, “Clinton Announces Al-CIAda As Legitimate Government Of Libya < < < GO NWO!!!”, in talk.politics.misc (Usenet):

Once again we see clear evidence of how the US al-CIAda front works in regard to its on/off relationship. The well planned and executed events of 9-11 meant that the ongoing relationship with al-CIAda that began in Afghanistan with the Reagan/Casey war against the USSR could now be set in the off position.

2014 September 22, Charles Knause, Loose Leaves & Palm Trees, Lulu.com, →ISBN, The US Al-CIAda Front in Syria, page 133:

(slang, derogatory) An epithet for al-Qaeda used by individuals who believe the CIA is behind the group.


awrah

en-noun

awrah (countable and uncountable, plural awrahs)


mahram

(Islam) A family member who is haram to marry.


antipapist

(Roman Catholicism) One who subscribes to antipapism.


Buraq Wall

Partial calque of Arabic حَائِطُ ٱلْبُرَاق (ḥāʔiṭu l-burāq), because it is, according to Muslim tradition, the location where the prophet Mohammed tethered the legendary creature Buraq, البُرَاق (al-burāq).

partial calque

حَائِطُ ٱلْبُرَاق


anti-Zionism

Opposition to Zionism; activism against Zionism.


Cybele

From Latin Cybelē, from Ancient Greek Κυβέλη (Kubélē).

(Greek mythology) A mother goddess of the ancient peoples of Asia Minor.


turuq

From Arabic طُرُق (ṭuruq, “ways, paths”)

(Islam) Any of the orders or congregations of Sufism, formed around a master.


invincible ignorance

(theology) Ignorance beyond the individual's control and for which, therefore, he/she is not responsible before God.


Feast of Light

From the importance of candles or light in the celebration.

1940, Emily Solis-Cohen, Jr., Hanukkah: The Feast of Light, Jewish Publication Society:

We celebrate Hanukkah, the Feast of Light, in commemoration of the Maccabees' putting an end to the sinister oppression [...]

1942, Jewish Spectator, volume 7, page 46:

Chanukah recounts the rededication of the Sanctuary which had been despoiled by the Greeks. The celebration of the eight-day Feast of Light recalls the victorious survival of the Sanctuary, not the courage of the Maccabees.

1997, The collected writings, volume 7, →ISBN, page 200:

(Judaism) Hanukkah, the Festival of Lights.


religiofascist

i.e. Trying to allow the state to subsidize one particular religion, get that religion's crap put into public schools sponsored by the state, and subject captive unbelievers to their crap. I've listened to their radio program on my local religiofascist AM hate radio station.

2001 May 20, Ernie DiMicco, Jr., “Re: Meanwhile, the Ten Commandments sparked a different dispute.”, in alt.politics (Usenet):

Rational, thoughtful debate about any such changes to our Constitution is preferable to the irrational animus and hysteria that is currently cultivated by the political opportunists and antigay religiofascists.

2004 June 4, Letao, “Re: The Case Against Gay Marriage”, in alt.politics.homosexuality (Usenet):

Why is it that all religiofascists are so down on higher education.

2009 June 5, Chainsaw [username], “Re: ot religionistas at it again...”, in alt.sports.basketball.nba.la-lakers (Usenet):

(slang, derogatory, sometimes used attributively) A hardline religious conservative.


Ensign

(Mormonism) The official magazine of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints


Bridgettine

Named after Bridget of Sweden, a Swedish mystic and saint of 14th century, founder of the Bridgettine nuns and monks and one of the six patron saints of Europe.

A member of the Order of the Most Holy Savior, an Augustinian monastic order of nuns, religious sisters and monks founded by Saint Bridget of Sweden a.k.a. Saint Birgitta in 1344, and approved by Pope Urban V in 1370.


hamartiology

Though defiant of the fundamentally substantialist approach to the problem of sin in the Augustinian tradition, Barth adopts the substantialist nomenclature of the Latin tradition and the basic grammar of Augustine's hamartiology.

2018, Shao Kai Tseng, Barth's Ontology of Sin and Grace: Variations on a Theme of Augustine, Routledge, →ISBN:

(Christianity) The theology or study of sin.


humeral veil

(Christianity) A long, narrow veil or scarf, normally of the same color and material as the vestments, worn round the shoulders by the officiating priest or attendant at Mass. It is used to protect the sacred vessels from direct contact with the hands.


Fudō Myōō

(Japanese mythology) a guardian deity primarily revered in Vajrayana Buddhism as the principal of the Five Wisdom Kings, also known as Acala.


Magog

(biblical) The second of the seven sons of Japheth.


bid beads

en-verb

bid beads (third-person singular simple present bids beads, present participle bidding beads, simple past bade beads, past participle bidden beads)

bids beads (present singular third-person)
bidding beads (participle present)
bade beads (past)
bidden beads (participle past)

(archaic, Catholicism) To pray with beads, in Roman Catholic fashion, distinguishing each bead by a prayer.


subtle body

Translation of सूक्ष्म शरीर (sūkṣma-śarīra) or सूक्ष्म देह (sūkṣma-deha).

(Hinduism, philosophy) The second of three (or more) bodies that make up the fully embodied human in various Hindu philosophies.


Rada

Apparently a local form of Arada (now Allada), a city in ancient Dahomey.

The majority of the deities are Dahomean and the rites of these are called Rada, from the town Allada.

1953, Maya Deren, Divine Horsemen, McPherson & Company, published 2004, page 60:

In Haiti, the Rada have come to represent the emotional stability and warmth of Africa, the hearth of the nation.

1985, Wade Davis, The Serpent and the Rainbow, Simon & Schuster, page 49:

Most books on Vodou have concentrated largely on the Rada pantheon.

2007, Kevin Filan, The Haitian Vodou Handbook, Destiny Books, page 31:

We associate the Rada Lwa with the color white and with a sense of purity and formality. Because of this, anthropologists and non-Haitians often described the Rada as the “good ancestral Lwa,” while the spirits of the Petro nation of Lwa were considered “evil,” or invented by slaves in Haiti, though this is extremely oversimplified.

2012, Mambo Chita Tann, Haitian Vodou, page 95:

In Haitian voodoo, a class of loa of Dahomeyan origin, chiefly associated with warmth and benevolence.


Church Militant

(religion) The Christian church that comprises living people on Earth, which is supposed to be engaged in constant warfare against its enemies, and is thus distinguished from the Church Triumphant in Heaven.


Ez.

Abbreviation of Ezra (book of the Bible).


Doukhobor

en-noun

Doukhobor (plural Doukhobors or Doukhobortsy)

Doukhobors (plural)
Doukhobortsy (plural)

From Russian Духобор (Duxobor, “spirit wrestler”).

bor

(Christianity, historical) A member of a religious group of Russian origin who rejected the Czarist government of the late 1800s and Russian Orthodox priests, icons, and rituals, aiming to internalize the living spirit of God in each individual.


Eastern Christianity

The forms of Christianity traditionally practiced in Eastern Europe, eastern Africa, and Asia, including the Eastern Orthodox, Eastern Catholic, Oriental Orthodox, and Nestorian traditions.


Eastern Catholic

Roman Catholic Church
Roman Catholic Church

Pertaining to a group of churches, predominantly in Eastern Europe, that follow Eastern Orthodox liturgy but are in full communion with the Roman Catholic Church.


Old Catholic

Pertaining to a group of churches that split from the Roman Catholic Church over the dogma of papal infallibility, which they did not agree with.

starokatolický

pertaining to a group of churches that split from the Roman Catholic Church


Seventh-day Adventist

en-noun

Seventh-day Adventist (plural Seventh-day Adventists)

Seventh-day Adventist Church
Seventh-day Adventist Church

(Christianity) A member of the Seventh-day Adventist Church.


meat offering

(religion, Judaism, Christianity) An offering of food, especially of a cake made of flour with salt and oil.


Toshigami

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) The god of the coming year, celebrated at New Years.


Ōkuninushi-no-mikoto

Borrowed from Japanese 大国主命 (Ōkuninushi-no-mikoto).

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) The Japanese god of nation-building, farming, business, and medicine, as well as love and good matches.


Sanbō Kōjin

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) The Japanese god of fire, the hearth, and the kitchen.


Ōkuninushi

Borrowed from Japanese 大国主 (Ōkuninushi).

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) The Japanese god of nation-building, farming, business, and medicine, as well as love and good love matches.


Slavi

From Russian сла́вы (slávy, “praises”), plural of сла́ва (sláva, “glory”), from Proto-Slavic *slàva (“fame; glory”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱlew- (“to hear”).

Following are three recipes for the large size pie – piroghi – one a very large size pie which the cook, Marlene Johnson of Naknek, says is excellent for "Slavi time."

1983, Cooking Alaskan, Anchorage, Ak.: Alaska Northwest Publishing Company, →ISBN, page 80:

Church functions such as the Moravian Song Fests and the Russian Orthodox Christmas ("Slavi") provide opportunities for social gatherings and visiting among residents of the communities.

1986 June, “Affected Environment”, in Togiak National Wildlife Refuge: Final Comprehensive Conservation Plan, Wildnerness Review, and Environmental Impact Statement, Anchorage, Ak.: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Region 7, United States Department of the Interior, →OCLC, page 96:

Thousands of Alaskans joined believers around the world this week in celebrating Russian Orthodox Christmas. The ‘Slavi’ celebration follows the old Julian calendar, with Christmas Day on January 7. Festivities last several days as church groups visit relatives and friends, singing traditional carols and enjoying plates of food at each stop.

2016 January 8, Hannah Colton, “Nushagak Villages Celebrate Orthodox Christmas”, in KDLG: Public Radio for Alaska’s Bristol Bay, archived from the original on 2016-02-17:

Russian Orthodox
Russian Orthodox Church

The Russian Orthodox Christmas, which is celebrated from January 6 through 13 in outstate Alaska, USA, wherever there is a sizable Russian Orthodox population.


New Christian

(Christianity, historical) One of the Iberian Muslims and Jews who converted to Roman Catholicism, or their known baptized descendants.


Haredi

Haredi (plural Haredis or Haredi or Haredim)

Haredis (plural)
Haredi (plural)
Haredim (plural)

bor

Hebrew חֲרֵדִי (ḥărēḏî)

Throughout Israel’s history, the Haredim have been reluctant participants in mainstream society, often prioritizing the study of scripture over conventional employment and army service.

2021 February 17, Dan Balilty, Patrick Kingsley, “‘How Many Funerals Will Come Out of This One?’”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

A member of a stream of Orthodox Judaism characterized by rejection of modern secular culture.

哈雷迪

member of a stream of Orthodox Judaism characterized by rejection of secular culture


shamos

Alternative form of shamash (“sexton in a synagogue”)


halalness

For example, an article advocating the halalness of vinegar, which is widely believed to be haram due to the alcohol content resulting from fermentation, provides detailed accounts of Prophet Mohammad's praise for vinegar[…]

2012, Diego Rinallo, Linda M. Scott, Pauline Maclaran, Consumption and Spirituality, page 50:

[…] halal butchers' shops embody a certain 'Islamic' authority and expertise Malays rarely question per se even if these customers are not quite sure about the halalness of products.

2013, Gabriele Marranci, Studying Islam in Practice, page 173:


blood baptism

en-noun

blood baptism (countable and uncountable, plural blood baptisms)

(religion, historical) The martyrdom of those who had not been baptized. They were considered to have been baptized in blood, and this was regarded as a full substitute for literal baptism.


antigospel

en-adj

antigospel (comparative more antigospel, superlative most antigospel)

more antigospel (comparative)
most antigospel (superlative)


Seventy

The Seventy have totally miſrepreſented Iſaiah viii.14, 15 […].

1823, Herbert Marsh, Introduction to the New Testament, 4th edition, volume 1, page 224:

It was impossible to avoid pagan terminology altogether, however, and the Seventy relaxed their vigilance when dealing with poetry.

1988, Elias J. Bickerman, The Jews in the Greek Age, →ISBN, page 114:

Jerome could accommodate himself to the ecclesiastical consensus, but he expresses clearly and trenchantly his critical opinion that the Seventy were not inspired […].

1989, William McKane, Selected Christian Hebraists, →ISBN, page 127:


psychomanteum

Coined by Raymond Moody in 1993 in his book Reunions: Visionary Encounters with Departed Loved Ones.

A dark, mirrored room dedicated to communication with the spirit realm.


genius familiae

head

genius familiae (plural genii familia or genii familiae)

genii familia (plural)
genii familiae (plural)

From Latin genius (“lar”) + familiae (“of (a) person”), genitive singular form of familia (“family”, “household”) = “(guardian) spirit of a family”.

A spirit presiding over or guarding a family or household.


Belisama

(Celtic mythology) A goddess worshipped in ancient Gaul and Britain.


arch-heretic

In the fourth century the arch-heretic Priscillian was Bishop of Avila,

1907, Lee Siegel, “The Blush of the New”, in The Catholic Encyclopedia:

(religion) A leader of a heresy, a most prominent or leading heretic.

ĉefherezulo

leader of a heresy — see also heresiarch


Maponos

Of Celtic origin, from Gaulish mapos (“son”) + the augmentative suffix -onos.

(Celtic mythology) A Celtic god of youth.


liberation theology

en-noun

liberation theology (usually uncountable, plural liberation theologies)

A range of Christian political movements interpreting the teachings of Jesus in relation to liberation from unjust economic, social, or political conditions.


nudifidian

(theology) One who relies on faith alone without works for salvation.


antibiblical

en-adj

antibiblical (comparative more antibiblical, superlative most antibiblical)

more antibiblical (comparative)
most antibiblical (superlative)

(Christianity) Opposing or contradicting the Bible.


tajwid

Arabic تَجْوِيد (tajwīd), literally "elocution".

(Islam, phonology) The rules governing pronunciation during recitation of the Qur'an.


Analects

From James Legge's 1861 translation of the work's Mandarin Chinese title 論語 (Lúnyǔ). "Analects" itself is a 1658 Ancient Greek loanword from ἀνάλεκτα (análekta, “things chosen”), from ἀνα- (ana-, “up”) + λέγειν (légein, “to gather”). Compare lecture.


thawab

en-noun

thawab (usually uncountable, plural thawabs)

From Arabic ثَوَاب (ṯawāb, “recompense”)


hasanat

From Arabic حَسَنَات (ḥasanāt), plural of حَسَنَة (ḥasana, “good deed”).

2003, Abu Alwafa, A study of the word "love" in the Qur'an Group: alt.religion.islam
The muhasneen or those who do good deeds (hasanats).

If we see through Islamic point of view, every act we do whether big or small are counted in our good deeds (hasanat), like cooking, cleaning, bringing up kids, serving the family, visiting relatives and neighbors, helping the needy, visiting the sick, even a smile is a sadaqah to be rewarded by Allah.

2014 December 4, Maryam Hedayat, “The importance of balance”, in MuslimVillage.com:

(Islam) Credit for good deeds, which Allah weighs up against one's bad deeds at the final judgement after death.


samjna

(Buddhism) perception, cognition, conceptualization.


anti-Muslimism

As we briefly examine below something of the internal dynamics of anti-Muslimism as an ideology, and a psychologically underpinned expressive vehicle for identity maintenance, the contextual factors that provide the grist for this defensive elated mill must be continuously borne in mind.

2011, Charles Husband, Yunis Alam, Social Cohesion and Counter-terrorism: A Policy Contradiction?, Bristol: Policy Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 108, →ISBN:

The rise of a new anti-Muslimism in Serbia draws, in the first instance, on the experience of World War II […]

2013, Fred Halliday, Two Hours that Shook the World: September 11, 2001: Causes and Consequences, London: Saqi, →ISBN, →OCLC, →ISBN:

Burma (Myanmar) has been in the headlines of international media for the eruption of anti-Muslim riots in the country in 2012. Using historical background, this paper makes an attempt to explain the causes of anti-Muslimism in Myanmar.

2017, Muhammad Ismail Ye Tun, “Chapter 2: MUSLIM INSTITUTIONS AND THE DESECURITISATION OF THE MUSLIM COMMUNITY IN MYANMAR”, in World Scientific:

The practice or attitude of opposing Islam or Muslims.


Beaconite

(historical) A supporter of English Quaker Isaac Crewdson and his book A Beacon to the Society of Friends, which claimed that too much emphasis was placed by Quakers on the Inner Light at the expense of Biblical authority.


arrow prayer

From the idea that it can be quickly "shot" up to God.

(religion) A very short prayer suitable for uttering at any time.


Ibofanga

The supreme deity according to the beliefs of the Creek tribe.


New Thought

The ordinary Christian will read the claims of the New Thought fakers with contempt; but have I not shown the Catholic Church publishing long lists of money-miracles?

1917, Upton Sinclair, The Profits of Religion […] :

A spiritual movement, sometimes classed as a Christian denomination, promoting the ideas that Infinite Intelligence, or God, is everywhere, spirit is the totality of real things, true human selfhood is divine, divine thought is a force for good, sickness originates in the mind, and "right thinking" has a healing effect.


Lord's Day

A calque of Ecclesiastical Latin diēs Dominicus, either directly or as a later development of Old Norse dróttinsdagr (“Lord's day”)

calque

All officers in command of Her Majesty’s ships shall cause public worship of Almighty God to be solemnly, orderly and reverently performed in their respective ships, and shall take care that prayers and preaching, by the chaplains of those ships, be performed diligently and that the Lord’s Day be observed.

1957, Parliament of the United Kingdom, “Part I, section 1”, in Naval Discipline Act 1957, page 1:

Sunday, the first day of the week, particularly as the Christian Sabbath.

Lord’s day

Revelation 1:10: English Standard Version (ESV)

LORD’s holy day

Isaiah 58:13: (i.e., the biblical seventh-day Sabbath); International Standard Version (ISV); New English Translation (NET)


God the Father

And aboue all thynges: ye muſt geue moſte humble and hartie thankes to God the father, the ſonne, and the holy ghoſt, for the redempcion of the worlde...

1549, The booke of the common prayer and adminiſtracion of the Sacramentes, and other rites and ceremonies of the Churche: after the vſe of the Churche of England:

(Christianity theology) The person (hypostasis) of the Trinity or Godhead corresponding to the God of Abraham and the Jewish scriptures and considered the creator of mankind and Father of Jesus Christ


Adrastea

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἀδράστεια (Adrásteia, literally “inescapable”).

bor

(Greek mythology) The goddess of divine retribution


Euanthe

From Ancient Greek Εὐάνθη (Euánthē, from εὐ- (eu-, “good-, well-”) + άνθη (ánthē, “blossoms”)). Cognate with Evanthia.

bor

(Greek mythology) A goddess sometimes listed as the mother of the Graces.


Drighten

(obsolete, Christianity) The Lord; God the Father.

(obsolete, Christianity) Jesus Christ, God the Son.


shamanize

en-verb

shamanize (third-person singular simple present shamanizes, present participle shamanizing, simple past and past participle shamanized)

shamanizes (present singular third-person)
shamanizing (participle present)
shamanized (participle past)
shamanized (past)

To act as a shaman; to perform the work of a shaman.


God the Holy Ghost

That which were a dishonour to God the Son, were a dishonour to God the holy Ghost.

1645, G. Gillespie, Nihil Respondes, section 11:

(Christianity theology) The person (hypostasis) of the Trinity or Godhead corresponding to divine essence present in the faithful (particularly, inspired prophets) and considered to proceed either (Eastern Orthodoxy) from God the Father alone or (Roman Catholicism) from Him together with God the Son.


God the Son

(Christianity theology) The person (hypostasis) of the Trinity or Godhead corresponding to the Word of God, which became flesh—incarnated—in Jesus Christ, the only-begotten Son of God the Father.

Бог Син

the person of the Trinity that became flesh in Jesus Christ


my Lord Bishop

Church of England
Church of England#English

(UK, Christianity) Used in direct address to 24 bishops of the Church of England comprising the Lords Spiritual, apart from the archbishops of Canterbury and York.

your Grace

to archbishops; to bishops outside British English


your Grace

Forms of address
Forms of address in the United Kingdom

(Christianity) Used in direct address to archbishops.

(especially Eastern Orthodoxy Christianity) Used in direct address to bishops, although in British English sometimes only granted to the Bishop of Meath and Kildare in Ireland.

my Lord Duke

to dukes, now only common in correspondence


priest-king

The while this Priest-King sacrifiz'd To's clov'n-foot God in Bethel (self-devis'd).

1606, G. de S. Du Bartas, translated by J. Sylvester, Deuine Weekes & Wks., ii. iv. iii. 169:

The beginnings of organized war, first as a bickering between villages, and then as a more disciplined struggle between the priest-king and god of one city and those of another.

1920, H.G. Wells, Outl. Hist., iii. xix. 124/2:

(religion) A sacred king, a monarch with prominent religious attributes.

Lower Egypt throws off the yoke of the priest-Kings of Thebes.

1877, C.P. Tiele, translated by J.E. Carpenter, Outl. Hist. Relig., section 55:

He was more like a priest-king, a combination of the Pope and a constitutional monarch.

1995 September 21, N.Y. Times Review of Books, 32/1

(religion) A theocrat, a sovereign high priest.


Paraclete

From Old French paraclit, from Late Latin paraclētus, from Ancient Greek παράκλητος (paráklētos, “one called to help, helper; comforter; protector, defender; (legal) advocate”), from παρά (pará, “beside”) + κλητός (klētós, “called, invited [one]”). The Greek term is used four times in the Gospel of John as an epithet of the Holy Spirit.

der

Apples of ashes, golden bright; / Waters of bitterness, how sweet! / O banquet of a foul delight, / Prepared by thee, dark Paraclete!

1893, Lionel Johnson, The Dark Angel, lines 33–36:

The matter of a Paraclete’s coming, the comforter, the dove; the tongues of flame, the gift of tongues: Pentecost. Third Person of the Trinity.

(Christianity) The Holy Spirit, the Holy Ghost, especially in its role as comforter of the faithful.

1. محمد

the Holy Spirit, the Holy Ghost, especially in its role as comforter of the faithful

احمد (Ahmad) - direct literal translation of "Para+kletos"


attributeless

One wonders whether such an event, a conscious, improbable-but-made-probable event, took place at the time of creation, the act itself being nothing but a polarisation (or separation quality-wise) of the attributeless Nirguna, a separation of zero plus x and minus x. This is indeed the genesis of the Big Bang theory of science.

1979, Bhavan’s Journal, XXV, issues 13-26, 269/1:

(chiefly religion) Without attributes; that cannot be described using attributes.


adoratory

A room in a temple for the adoration of idols.


matha

(Hinduism, Jainism) A monastic or similar religious establishment in Hinduism and Jainism, usually more formal and hierarchical than an ashram.


Ephraimite

An adaptation of the Latin Ephraimītēs, Ephraimīta, from the Ancient Greek Ἐφραιμῑ́tης (Ephraimī́tēs), from Ἐφραίμ (Ephraím, “Ephraim”) + -ῑ́της (-ī́tēs, “one connected to, a member of”). Equivalent to Ephraim + -ite.

suffix

(history, chiefly biblical) An allegiant of the Israelite tribal patriarch Ephraim, a member of the tribe purportedly descended from him, or an inhabitant of the Northern Kingdom of Israel (930–720 B.C.), in which the tribe of Ephraim was preëminent.

Joseph

Josephite: Ephraim (Ephraimite); Manasseh (Manassite)

Asher

descendants of the patriarch Jacob, later renamed Israel


Mussaf

Exemplary in this regard is the thematic centrality of Obad. 1:21 in Jewish liturgy, because it serves as one of the climactic verses in part of the Rosh ha-Shanah Musaf service (known as Malkhuyot), celebrating and proclaiming God's future kingdom or dominion.

2001, David L. Lieber, Jules Harlow, Etz Hayim: Torah and Commentary, page 222:

(Judaism) An additional prayer service recited on holy days (Shabbat, Yom Tov, Chol HaMoed, and Rosh Chodesh).


Allat

(Arabian mythology) A pre-Islamic Arabian goddess.


counsel of perfection

en-noun

counsel of perfection (plural counsels of perfection)

From Latin consilium perfectionis, Aquinas et al., from consilium in Tertullian's translation of 1 Cor. 7:25.

The main biblical foundation for this distinction between commandments and counsels of perfection is in the story of the encounter between Jesus and the rich young ruler. There, once the young man declares that he has obeyed all the commandments, Jesus tells him that if he wishes to "be perfect" he is to sell all his possessions and give the money to the poor (Matt. 19:2).

2005, Justo L. González, Essential Theological Terms, page 40:

Many of the recommendations of Jesus are aimed at those who wish to join his circle of disciples to live a rigorous life. Often they are counsels of perfection, and not aimed at ordinary believers who live their everyday life in their family, in their work, and in their prayers.

2005, Nicholas Capaldi, Business and Religion: A Clash of Civilizations?, page 137:

(Christianity) Advice as to a means of striving for moral perfection.

There are many counsels of perfection. The frequent and fervent reception of the Sacraments is a counsel of perfection, and one of the principal of attaining perfection—Confession producing purity of soul, and Holy Communion a closer union between the soul and His Divine majesty.

1874, Herbert, Bishop of Salford, “Preface”, in On The Choice of a State of Life, by the late Bishop of Bruges, page xix:

The Counsels of Perfection are three in number, viz., POVERTY, CHASTITY, and OBEDIENCE. They are termed 'counsels' as distinguished from the divine 'precepts', the fulfilment of which is universally necessary to salvation.

1893, Vernon Staley, The Catholic Religion, Unabridged Edition: A Manual for, published 2007, page 248:

(Christianity, specifically) Any of the virtues of obedience, chastity, and charity, or other ascetic practices, especially in monastic vows.


rose of Sharon

(biblical) A flower of uncertain kind: perhaps Pancratium maritimum, which grows on the Sharon Plain of the coast of the Mediterranean Sea.


tarawih

Borrowed from Arabic تَرَاوِيح (tarāwīḥ).

bor

Arabic تَرَاوِيح (tarāwīḥ)

(Islam) An extra prayer performed by Sunni Muslims at night in the month of Ramadan.


tree of life

Coordinate term: tree of knowledge

(biblical) A term used in the Hebrew Bible that is a component of the world tree motif.

(Judaism) The central mystical symbol used in the Kabbalah of esoteric Judaism, also known as the 10 Sephirot.


juz

Unadapted borrowing from Arabic جُزْء (juzʔ).

ubor

(Islam) Any of thirty parts of varying length into which the Qur'an is sometimes divided.


Borromean

en-adj

Borromean (comparative more Borromean, superlative most Borromean)

more Borromean (comparative)
most Borromean (superlative)

/bɒɹəˈmiːən/

(Roman Catholicism) of or relating to Saint Charles Borromeo or any religious orders or institutions that trace their origin to him


mahā

From Sanskrit महा (mahā́), form of महत् (mahát, “great, big, high”) used in compounds.

The Tantra of Secret Essence is the ati of mahā, which is the same as the mahā of ati in terms of three divisions of the great perfection.

2009, Jamgon Mipham, Luminous Essence: A Guide to the Guhyagarbha Tantra, page 5:

(Buddhism) one of the three vehicles of mastery in means to achieve liberation


chavrusa

en-noun

chavrusa (countable and uncountable, plural chavrusas)

From the Ashkenazic pronunciation of Hebrew חברותא (khavrúta), from Aramaic חברותא (ħavrutaʔ).

A bachur who takes arguments personally will very quickly find himself without a chavrusa.

2001 June 30, toichen, “How long would you last in yeshiva?”, in soc.culture.jewish.moderated (Usenet):

(Judaism, countable) A pair, typically yeshiva students, who study Talmud and other topics in Judaism together; by extension, any working pair

חַבְרוּתָא

a pair who study topics in Judaism together

(Judaism, uncountable) The system of studying in this manner.

חַבְרוּתָא

the system of studying Judaism with a partner


crown of thorns

crown of thorns (plural crowns of thorns)

/ˌkɹaʊn əv ˈθɔːnz/

Calque of Latin spinea corona, itself a calque of Hellenistic Ancient Greek ἀκάνθινος στέφανος (akánthinos stéphanos).

der

ἀκάνθινος στέφανος

(Christianity) The crown made of a thorny plant that Christ was forced to wear before his Crucifixion, in mocking reference to his alleged status as ‘king of the Jews’, or a representation of this.


Random Number God

en-noun

Random Number God (plural Random Number Gods)

1998, Chris Kern, Rules (was Re: Angband Rule Number One!), rec.games.roguelike.angband, Usenet
Rule #1 of Angband is this: NEVER forget that you are a but a pathetic slave to the entity that is the Random Number God. The RNG will laugh in your face and taunt you in many ways. No matter how you may try to evade it or con it, it knows your deepest desires. You cannot hide from the RNG's mind what you are attempting to scum for. It can see your character sheet and find out what resists you are missing. It knows many insidious ways to inflict harm upon your psyche and drive you to emotional turmoil. The RNG is a marionette, and you are the slavering puppet. You will cry in relief when he gives you an artifact and then wail in despair while the RNG laughs at your pitiful failures. You CANNOT escape the horror.

1999, Brandon Pitman, Re: [Z] Death by act of Random Number God, rec.games.roguelike.angband, Usenet

Here's my current character, after a brief bout with a graveyard at 2400', and the tempting given me by the Random Number God to try to clear it, despite the certain death offered by closely encountering it.

2002, Eric Bock, “[Zce] [YACD] Deception and temptation by the Random Number God”, in rec.games.roguelike.angband (Usenet):

2002, John Hansen, Re: Random funny moments., rec.games.roguelike.nethack, Usenet
The Random Number God at work again, I see.

pseudorandom number generator
pseudorandom number generator

(roguelikes, humorous) The pseudorandom number generator used by a roguelike game's engine.


CLE

(Philippines, Christianity, education) Initialism of Christian Living Education.


anti-Jewishness

Quality or state of being anti-Jewish; anti-Semitism.


Aegle

From Ancient Greek Αἴγλη (Aíglē, literally “brightness, gleam, glow, radiance, splendour—usually referring to the past”).

uder

(Greek mythology) The goddess/personification of good health and the glow of health, one of the daughters of Asclepius.


halakhist

A Jewish person who strictly adheres to halakhic and Talmudic laws.


motherlove

This implicit debate about motherlove between advocates of Victorianism and the new feminists and self-styled modernists turned into a more systematic rejection of Victorian assumptions during the 1920s.

1994, Peter N. Stearns, American Cool: Constructing a Twentieth-Century Emotional Style:

No one knows motherlove more than our Lord, who came to give His life so that we may live.

2008, L. D. Ervin, Meditations and Reflections:


Gehinnom

Borrowed from Hebrew גֵּיהִנּוֹם (gēhīnnōm). Doublet of Gehenna and Jahannam.

bor+

(Judaism) The realm of the afterlife where unrepentant souls are cleansed of their spiritual impurities before returning to the presence of God.


hedge sermon

Calque of Dutch hagenpreek, from hage (“hedge”) + preek (“sermon”).

Fearing an escalation of the unrest, the city administrators made some important concessions to the Protestants: the Catholic churches were closed after the removal of all religious images; the Calvinists were permitted to hold their hedge sermons, albeit only outside the city […].

1999, Geert Mak; Philipp Blom, transl., Amsterdam: A Brief Life of the City, London: Harvill Press, ISBN 978-1-86046-598-7; republished London: Vintage Books, 2001, ISBN 978-1-86046-789-9, page 82

The first so-called hedge sermon was held in the cemetery of Boeschepe in the always turbulent Flemish Westkwartier on Sunday morning, July 12, timed to coincide with mass.

2008, Peter J. Arnade, Beggars, Iconoclasts, and Civic Patriots: The Political Culture of the Dutch Revolt, Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, →ISBN, page 71:

Even after the iconoclasm that began on 10 August, many in the Netherlands hoped to see freedom of worship for all, without public violence, hedge-sermons, or the burning of heretics.

2008, James D[onald] Tracey, The Founding of the Dutch Republic: War, Finance, and Politics in Holland, 1572–1588, Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN:

(Christianity, historical) An open-air religious service held by Calvinists in the Low Countries during the Reformation, typically in rural areas beyond the reach of civic authorities.


Nicholite

From Nichols + -ite, after Joseph Nichols.

A member of a Quaker-influenced religious movement formed in the 1700s.


attractional

For Lima Community Church, attractional evangelism seems to work well. Their credo is to care deeply about people, reach out to them, invite them into your life and bring them to church […]

2007, Elmer L. Towns, Ed Stetzer, Warren Bird, 11 Innovations in the Local Church, page 221:

Complex attractional approaches tend to have a contraceptive effect on the reproductive capacities of the church.

2009, Alan Hirsch, Darryn Altclass, The Forgotten Ways Handbook, page 143:

Churches with an attractional posture toward mission have long sought to be hospitable to seekers and other visitors who might attend worship.

2011, Craig Van Gelder, Dwight J. Zscheile, The Missional Church in Perspective, page 132:

(religion) Relating to attempts to attract worshippers to a church


Fuxi

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the modern Mandarin pronunciation of Chinese 伏羲 (Fúxī), variously understood and treated as a solar god, protoplast, culture hero, legendary emperor, and protohistorical tribal chief or as an imperial or prehistoric dynasty (氏, shì) in China before the Xia. The two characters may be phonetic but have the meaning "concealed from", "submitting to", or "prostrate before" 羲 (xī), a character that also appears in the name of the early solar goddess 羲和 (“Xīhé”), q.v.

The Chineſe ſay that Fo-hi, the Founder of their Monarchy, fix’d his Court in this Province; and began his Reign about the Year 2952, according to ſome Authors, whoſe Opinion if true confirms the Chronology of the Septuagint.

[1738, J. B. Du Halde, “PROVINCE VII. HO-NAN.”, in A Description of the Empire of China and Chinese-Tartary, Together with the Kingdoms of Korea, and Tibet, volume I, London, page 102:

(Chinese mythology) A legendary ancient Chinese ruler and culture hero, typically the brother of Nüwa.


Blackloism

(Roman Catholicism, historical) The beliefs of the Blackloists.


Blackloist

From Blackloe + -ist, from the alias of Thomas White (1593–1676), an influential member of the group.

(Roman Catholicism, historical) One of a school of dissident English Roman Catholics in the 17th–18th centuries, opposed to ultramontanism and advocating obedience to secular authorities and dogmatic views similar to Jansenism.


Shi'itic

en-adj

Shi'itic (comparative more Shi'itic, superlative most Shi'itic)

more Shi'itic (comparative)
most Shi'itic (superlative)


High Holidays

(Judaism) Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur, collectively.


good work

[E]verlasting life . . . must be a righteous and just life; a loving and merciful life; for God is righteous, just, loving, merciful; and more, it must be an useful life, a life of good works.

1859, Charles Kingsley, chapter 3, in The Good News of God:

"Truth, sir, is that which can never pass away; the Truth of Life is Good Works, which abide everlastingly."

1910, Jeffery Farnol, chapter 27, in The Broad Highway:

"The church's teaching has evolved," Walsh says. "Part of indulgences is not just saying special prayers, but also doing good works."

2009 February 22, Bonnie Rochman, “Why Catholic Indulgences Are Making a Comeback”, in Time, retrieved 2014-08-15:

(Christianity, chiefly in the plural) A person's beneficent action or deed, especially one of a charitable nature that advances one's progress toward salvation.


Logos

Fjala

(Christianity) the word of God as incarnate

(Christianity) The Word of God, which itself has creative power; a hypostasis associated with divine wisdom.

(Christianity) The Word of God as incarnate in Jesus Christ, or as identified with the second person of the Trinity; Jesus; God the Son; Word of God.


hudud

en-noun

hudud pl (normally plural, singular hadd)

From Arabic حُدُود (ḥudūd, “boundaries, penalties”).

bor

(Islam) The maximum punishments for certain crimes, including theft, fornication, adultery, false accusation of adultery, drunkenness, and apostasy.


Ianthe

From Ancient Greek Ἰάνθη (Iánthē, literally “purple/violet flower”).

der

(Greek mythology) One of the 3,000 Oceanids, the daughters of Oceanus and Tethys.


Antiope

90 Antiope
Antiope (Amazon)
Antiope (mother of Amphion)

(Greek mythology) An Amazon, daughter of Ares and sister to Melanippe and Hippolyte, (and possibly Orithyia), queens of the Amazons,. She was the wife of Theseus, and the only Amazon known to have married.

(Greek mythology) The daughter of the Boeotian river god Asopus, according to Homer.

Antíope

the daughter of the Boeotian river god Asopus


Elpis

From Ancient Greek Ἐλπίς (Elpís, literally “Hope”).

uder

(Greek mythology) The goddess and personification of hope.


Feronia

(Roman mythology) A Roman goddess of wildlife, fertility, health and abundance.


Melete

Translingual: Melete

From Latin Melete, from Ancient Greek Μελέτη (Melétē).

(Greek mythology) The Muse of meditation, one of the three original Boeotian muses.


Arethusa

/ˌæɹɪˈθjuːzə/

From Ancient Greek Ἀρέθουσα (Aréthousa, literally “The Waterer”).

(Greek mythology) A nereid nymph, who became a fountain.

(Greek mythology) One of the Hesperides nymphs.


Pales

(Roman mythology) The deity of shepherds, flocks and livestock in Roman mythology.


high church

Back-formation from High Churchman, originally denoting an opponent of religious toleration with high meaning “extreme”; see churchman (“supporter of the established church”). Compare High Tory.

(Anglicanism) A tradition within the Anglican church with an elevated view of the priesthood, episcopacy, and sacraments, practising a formal style of liturgy and emphasising continuity with Catholicism.


orature

From Scots oratur, orature, a variant of oratour, oritour, from Middle English oritore, a variant of ōrātōrī, ōrātōrīe (“room or other place for prayer or private study; chapel, church, temple; shrine”), from Old French oratur, orator, oratore, oratori, oratour (modern French oratoire (“oratory; oratorical”)), from Latin ōrātōrium, from ōrātōrius (“oratorical”), from ōrātor (“orator, speaker”) (from ōrō (“to deliver a speech, orate”), from ōs (“mouth”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óh₃s (“mouth”)) + -ius (suffix forming adjectives from nouns).

/ˈɔɹəˌt͡ʃʊ(ə)ɹ/

This bishop was ane wyse and godlie man, and answered the king in this maner, as after follows, saying, “Sir, I beseech your Grace, that ye take a little meat to refresh you, and I will passe to my orature and pray to God for you, and the commonwealth of this realme and cuntrie.[”]

16th century, Robert Lindsay of Pitscottie, edited by John Graham Dalyell, The Cronicles of Scotland, … Published from Several Old Manuscripts, volume I, Edinburgh: Printed by George Ramsay and Company, for Archibald Constable and Company, […]; London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, published 1814, →OCLC, footnote, page 128:

Yet nertheleſſe within mine orature / I ſtode, whan Titan had his bemis bright / Withdrawin doun, and ſcylid undir cure, / And faire Venus the beaute of the night, / Upraiſe, and ſette unto the weſte ful right […]

1793, [Robert Henryson], “[Troilus & Creseide.] Testament of Faire Creseide.”, in The Poetical Works of Geoffrey Chaucer, [...] To which is Prefixed the Life of the Author, Edinburgh: Printed by Mundell and Son, […], →OCLC; republished in Robert Anderson, editor, A Complete Edition of the Poets of Great Britain, volume I (Containing Chaucer, Surrey, Wyatt & Sackville), London: Printed for Iohn & Arthur Arch, […]; and for Bell & Bradfute & I. Mundell & Co. […], 1795, →OCLC, page 409:

The author [of the poem Testament of Faire Creseide, Robert Henryson] has conceived in a very poetical manner his description of the season in which he supposes himself to have written this dolorous tragedy. The sun was in Aries; his setting was ushered in with furious storms of hail; the cold was biting and intense; and the poet sat in a solitary little building which he calls his "orature." [footnote: oratory.]

1804, William Godwin, “Sequel to Troilus and Creseide by Robert Henryson.—Tragedy of Shakepear on the Subject.”, in Life of Geoffrey Chaucer, the Early English Poet: […] In Four Volumes, 2nd edition, volume I, London: Printed by T[homas] Davison, […]; for Richard Phillips, […], →OCLC, pages 489–490:

(Scotland, chiefly Christianity, archaic) Variant of oratour (“a small room or chapel used for prayer and worship, or for private study; an oratory”).


Mellona

(Roman mythology) The goddess of bees, and honey.


Concordia

58 Concordia
Concordia
Concordia (mythology)

(Roman mythology) The goddess of harmony and concord. She is the Roman equivalent to Harmonia.


low church

(Anglicanism) A tradition within the Anglican church more heavily influenced by Protestant and Reformed belief and practice, characterised by an informal style of worship, a less elevated view of the priesthood and sacraments, and a focus on evangelical principles.


Aristaeus

/æɹɪˈsteɪəs/

/æɹɪˈstiːəs/

/əˈɹiːstɪəs/

From Ancient Greek Ἀρισταῖος (Aristaîos, literally “Most Excellent, Most Useful”).

bor

(Greek mythology) A minor god of rustic, rural arts such as beekeeping, herding and hunting.


Tyche

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Τύχη (Túkhē), from τύχη (túkhē, “fortune”). Compare Latin Tychō.

The goddess Tyche was a very important deity in the Hellenistic world.¹⁵ "She was not blind chance, but some order of affairs that men could not comprehend."¹⁹ Tyche played her part in great events and in small ones[…].

1933, Richard Mansfield Haywood, Studies on Scipio Africanus, Johns Hopkins Press, page 12:

2000, Terence L. Donaldson (editor), Religious Rivalries and the Struggle for Success in Caesarea Maritima, Canadian Corporation for Studies in Religion, Wilfrid Laurier University Press, page 113,
At Caesarea, several gems depicting a Tyche, as well as a possible statue of Tyche found at Caesarea, show attributes of Isis.

(Greek mythology, in the singular) The goddess of luck/fortune; counterpart of the Roman Fortuna.


unhalal

(somewhat informal, chiefly Islam) Not halal; haram.


eschatologist

Few anticommunist accusations are more trite than that Marxism is a religion, the Manifesto a religious tract and Marx himself, in the words of one right-wing libertarian critic, Murray Rothbard, a ‘religious eschatologist’.

2022, China Miéville, quoting Murray Rothbard, chapter 6, in A Spectre, Haunting: On the Communist Manifesto, →OCLC:


Pistis

From Ancient Greek Πίστις (Pístis) from Ancient Greek πίστις (pístis, “faith, trust”).

uder

(Greek mythology) A goddess personifying trust, faith and trustworthiness, corresponding to Roman Fides.


halalization

At the technical level, with its 'halalization' of capital and investments, Islamic aid is seen as a guarantor of the morality of financial practices.

2003, Jonathan Benthall, Charitable Crescent: Politics of Aid in the Muslim World, page 43:

There was an expression of halalization as the support of Malays vis-à-vis the Chinese through consumption.

2011, J. Fischer, The Halal Frontier: Muslim Consumers in a Globalized Market, page 58:

Halalization in Malaysia has simultaneously been subjected to state and business governmentality in the form of extensive market research and political bureaucratization of consumption, including the setting up o fthe Ministry of Domestic Trade and Consumer Affairs in 1990.

2013, John P. Hoffmann, Understanding Religious Ritual: Theoretical approaches and innovations:

(rare) The act or process of making something halal.


Dies

(Roman mythology) One of the Protogenoi, the Protogenos personification of day. She is the daughter of fellow Protogenoi, Nox/Nyx (Night) and Erebus (Darkness), and sister-wife of Aether. She is the Roman counterpart of Hemera.


devil dodger

(informal, obsolete) A person who sometimes attends church and sometimes the Dissenter's meetinghouse.


melamed

Borrowed from Hebrew מְלַמֶד (“teacher”).

(historical, Judaism) A religious teacher or instructor in general, especially in the Talmudic period.


un-Muslim

en-adj

un-Muslim (comparative more un-Muslim, superlative most un-Muslim)

more un-Muslim (comparative)
most un-Muslim (superlative)

Not in accordance with Islam; unbefitting of a Muslim.


de-Muslimise

en-verb

de-Muslimise (third-person singular simple present de-Muslimises, present participle de-Muslimising, simple past and past participle de-Muslimised)

de-Muslimises (present singular third-person)
de-Muslimising (participle present)
de-Muslimised (participle past)
de-Muslimised (past)


tzeniut

Hebrew צניעות, literally "modesty" or "privacy".

uder

Hebrew צניעות

(Jewish law) Standards of modesty in dress and conduct, especially between the sexes.


Islamic State

From the group's Arabic-language name, الدَّوْلَة الْإِسْلَامِيَّة (ad-dawla l-ʔislāmiyya, literally “the Islamic State”).

The unrecognized state (caliphate) proclaimed by this group.


of Koranic proportions

We hear of pestilence of Biblical or Koranic proportions: plagues, locusts, famine, wars, wholesale displacement of peoples, diseases, some of which are incurable.

1989, Nigeria Since Independence: The First Twenty-Five Years, Heinemann Educational, →ISBN, page 265:

I have even heard the term of epic Koranic proportions, in reference to this slaughter of soldiers and officers and men who were mere business partners in this venture.

2001, Don Pendleton, Deep Treachery, Harlequin Books, page 242:

He had come so far, endured so much, a stunning victory of Koranic proportions merely days away but now snatched from his grasp, the crudest of fates.

2003, Don Pendleton, Axis Of Conflict, Harlequin, →ISBN, page 158:

[…] going all the way while racking up a body count of Koranic proportions.

2005, Don Pendleton, Devil's Bargain, Harlequin Books, →ISBN, page 262:

When I returned home, I would say, “Alex, you were good. So good that the sex I will reward you with will be of Koranic proportions.”

2009, Leonard Borman, Our Jewish Robot Future: A Novel about the Garden of Eden and the Cyborgian Transformation of the Human Race, Scarletta Press, →ISBN, page 94:

(There are now two rival versions of the Master Musicians, who display a mutual enmity of Koranic proportions.)

2016 October 2, David Honigmann, “Transcender 2016, Milton Court, London — review”, in Financial Times:

Of biblical proportions
of biblical proportions

(rare) Of biblical proportions: immense.


shpitzel

A partial wig that reveals the wearer's hair only at the front, worn by some married Hasidic women.


Hashanot

(Judaism) Prayers chanted during the festival of Sukkot.


gaytheist

(slang, offensive, derogatory) An atheist.


Singhbonga

From one of the Munda languages; said to be a compound of sing ("sun") and bonga ("god or spirit").

(religion) The supreme creator God of Sarnaism, worshipped by the Munda and related peoples under different names.


Preadamism

The belief that there were human beings who existed before the Biblical Adam.


Aaronid

From Medieval Latin Aaronida under influence from French aaronide, from Koine Greek Αἀρωνίδης (Aarōnídēs) in the Septuagint. Equivalent to Aaron + -id.


redemptionism

en-noun

redemptionism (usually uncountable, plural redemptionisms)

(theology) The doctrine that all of humanity was redeemed through the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ and that the redemption of all was completed and concluded in Jesus's resurrection, and that there was no further need for scriptural fulfillment thereafter.


nusach

nusach (plural nusachs or nuschaot or nusachim)

nusachs (plural)
nuschaot (plural)
nusachim (plural)

(Judaism) The style of a prayer service.

(Judaism) The melody used for the service, depending on when it is being conducted.


sons of Ishmael

(circumlocutory, obsolete) children of Ishmael


please God

absolute construction; comparable to the phrase (if) it (should/might) please God (present subjunctive mood); apt to be reanalyzed by many listeners today as if vocative/direct address (e.g., please God grant, in second person and imperative mood), but absolute and subjunctive in origin.


halalize

en-verb

halalize (third-person singular simple present halalizes, present participle halalizing, simple past and past participle halalized)

halalizes (present singular third-person)
halalizing (participle present)
halalized (participle past)
halalized (past)

(transitive, rare) To make something halal.


Muwahhid

Unadapted borrowing from Arabic مُوَحِّد (muwaḥḥid).

ubor

(Islam) A Muslim who is focused on tawhid, the unity of God.


children of Ishmael

(circumlocutory, obsolete) Muslims, especially those of Arab descent.


misbaha

From Arabic مِسْبَحَة (misbaḥa) from سَبَّحَ (sabbaḥa, “to praise, to glorify”).


anti-Shiism

One region where al-Qa'ida's anti-Shiism might resonate and draw supporters and recruits is Arabia.

2011, Assaf Moghadam, Fault Lines in Global Jihad, page 199:

Discrimination against or hostility towards Shiites.


Muslimcentric

en-adj

Muslimcentric (comparative more Muslimcentric, superlative most Muslimcentric)

more Muslimcentric (comparative)
most Muslimcentric (superlative)

(rare) Centred on or overemphasizing Muslims


Islamocentric

Islamocentric (comparative more Islamocentric, superlative most Islamocentric)

more Islamocentric (comparative)
most Islamocentric (superlative)

The above courses have been under-resourced, hence marginalised, which has led to demands for Afrocentric or Islamocentric knowledge to counteract Eurocentrism.

1999, Rachel Mason, Doug Boughton, Beyond Multicultural Art Education: International Perspectives, Waxman, →ISBN, page 88:

The third view was Islamocentric in nature, maintaining that it is the point where the spiritual progress of all those who do not belong to Muhammad's community or follow his way comes to a standstill.

2007, Mohamed A. Mahmoud, Quest for Divinity: A Critical Examination of the Thought of Mahmud Muhammad Taha, Syracuse University Press, →ISBN, page 47:

The Rabat conference underscored the emergence of Islamocentric politics (as opposed to Nasser's brand of secular Arab socialism) in the Middle East, […]

2010, P. R. Kumaraswamy, India's Israel Policy, Columbia University Press, →ISBN, page 214:

Centred on or overemphasizing Islam and/or Muslims.


Christianocentric

Christianocentric (comparative more Christianocentric, superlative most Christianocentric)

more Christianocentric (comparative)
most Christianocentric (superlative)

As we have seen, there are many such statements, but no public school teacher would ever — or should ever — get away with suggesting to fifth graders that these statements are any more representative of the wide diversity of beliefs held by the founders than are the Christianocentric statements wrenched out of context and selectively served up by Williams.

2008, Alan Dershowitz, Blasphemy: How the Religious Right is Hijacking the Declaration of Independence, Wiley, published 2008, →ISBN, page 105:

Freud has brilliantly led the 'popular' thinker to the core of his scandalous assertion that, beyond even the displaced idea of normal/abnormal, he is prepared to undo the child/adult division and with it the idea of childhood innocence and the Christianocentric idea of a corrupting fall into adult sexual knowledge which surrounds the advent of adult sexuality with its moralizing shame.

2008, Griselda Pollock, “The visual poetics of shame: a feminist reading of Freud's Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality (1905)”, in Claire Pajaczkowska, Ivan Ward, editors, Shame and Sexuality: Pscyhoanalysis and Visual Culture, Routledge, →ISBN, page 120:

Those who dislike supposedly Christianocentric periodizations might be expected to be allergic to Islamocentric ones too; […]

2014, Garth Fowden, Before and After Muhammad: The First Millennium Refocused, Princeton University Press, published 2014, →ISBN, page 86:

Centred on or overemphasizing Christianity and/or Christians.


House of Allah

Calque of Arabic بَيْت اللّٰه (bayt allāh)

calque

بَيْت اللّٰه


Allah's House

بَيْت اللّٰه

Perform circumambulation of Allah's House with feelings of great love and devotion.

2006, A. H. Qasmi, Principles of Islam, page 236:


haram police

The care of the mataf [the paved area round the Ka'ba] is the peculiar duty of a corps of fifty black eunuches, who also act as the Haram police.

1994, Francis E. Peters, Mecca, A Literary History of the Muslim Holy Land, page 275:

Consequendy, litde cultivation of artistic talent has been developed, and it almost seems that only mediocrity is accepted as squeaking past the harsh gaze of the halal/haram police

2008, Kate Zebiri, British Muslim Converts, page 126:

During one MJD presentation to explain her point, Somaya refers to the film clip 'the Haram police' on 'Ummah Films', suggesting that the others 'check out' this funny—and even attractive—guy called 'Baba Ali'.

2013, Robert Hefner, Religions in Movement, page 223:

He was the haram police

(Islam) A group or organization of hardline or fundamentalist Muslims who frequently and aggressively point out sins.


ruku'

(Islam) The act of bowing as part of Islamic prayer.


Shiitize

en-verb

Shiitize (third-person singular simple present Shiitizes, present participle Shiitizing, simple past and past participle Shiitized)

Shiitizes (present singular third-person)
Shiitizing (participle present)
Shiitized (participle past)
Shiitized (past)

2007, NY trans, Weekend Carnage in Iraq; Sadrists Return to Parliament Group: uk.media
Qatar-based Sunni preacher Yusuf al-Qaradawi called on Iran to cease trying to "Shiitize" the region and accused it of playing an unhelpful

2006, Pacifist, Re: king abdollah on Iran, Iraq Group: Iranian Democratic Forum
Some also address the endeavors to "Shiitize" some Sunnites in the region.

a former Saudi opponent and one of the most popular Islamic writers of the last decade, spoke of Iran's “gigantic efforts” to Shiitize Syria

2013, Sami Zemni, The Dynamics of Sunni-Shia Relationships:

(transitive, intransitive) To make or become Shiite


sujud

Then, the person should stand up and repeat the same process (e.g. recite the first chapter of the Quran; recite another chapter of the Quran, bow, and do the two sujuds).

2014, Sayyid Moustafa Al-Qazwini, Discovering Islam:


wajib

en-noun

wajib (countable and uncountable, plural wajibs)

Further, that bounties are wajib, so revealed obligations are wajib. These cannot be known except through a prophet. So the existence of prophets is wajib, for that without which a binding duty (wajib) cannot be completed is itself wajib.

2004, Norman Calder, Jawid Mojaddedi, Andrew Rippin, Classical Islam: A Sourcebook of Religious Literature, Routledge, →ISBN, page 169:

(Islam) A religious duty; something that Muslims are obliged to do.


merit field

A translation of Tibetan ཚོགས་ཞིང (tshogs zhing, “field of merit”).

cal

(Tibetan Buddhism) a pictorial representation, usually represented on a thangka, of the triratna and lama for the purpose of veneration when taking Refuge.


Mankind

From mankind, man + -kind, translated from Arabic.

(Quran) The 114th sura (chapter) of the Quran


Sunnistan

A hypothetical Sunni state in northwest Iraq.


Shiastan

A hypothetical Shi'a state in southern Iraq.


Sunnicentric

en-adj

Sunnicentric (comparative more Sunnicentric, superlative most Sunnicentric)

more Sunnicentric (comparative)
most Sunnicentric (superlative)

As the majority of the world's Muslim population today is Sunni, and given the constraints of chapter such as this, much of what follows is unavoidably "Sunnicentric" […]

2012, Donald Boisvert, Queer religion, p 70

[…] and some Sunnicentric legal rules […]

2011, James Shinn, Afghan Peace Talks: A Primer - Page 26

(rare) Centred on or overemphasizing Sunnis


Laylatul Qadr

From Arabic لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْر (laylatu l-qadr), from لَيْلَة (layla, “night”) and قَدْر (qadr).

bor

لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْر

(Islam) A night during Ramadan that commemorates the initial revelation of the Qur'an, usually on the 27th of Ramadan.


pan-Sunnism

Either pan-Shiaism or pan-Sunnism could cause bitter divisions among the Gulf States […]

1980, Pervaiz Cheema, Conflict and Cooperation in the Indian Ocean:

[…] one school of Sunni law (the Shafi'i in particular) and toward a unified "pan-Sunnism" […]

In the Iraqi context, pan-Islamism is often understood and pursued as pan-Shiism, pan-Sunnism, or Sunni Salafism and when politicized it usually opens the door […]

An ideology that promotes unity and solidarity between the various Sunni madhabs.


Muslimoid

(informal, derogatory, religious slur) Muslim


Chabad

Borrowed from Hebrew חב״ד. "Chabad" (חב״ד) is an acronym formed from three Hebrew words—Chokhmah, Binah, Da'at, the first three sefirot of the kabbalistic Tree of Life: חכמה, בינה, דעת, "Wisdom, Understanding, and Knowledge"—which represent the intellectual and kabbalistic underpinnings of the movement.

(Judaism) A branch of Orthodox Chassidic Judaism founded in 1755 by Rabbi Schneur Zalman of Liadi


soulbond

6 fans (11%) did not like to specify a genre but offered an alternative view of “common tropes” in fan fiction, such as: “The tropier, the better! Werewolves or A/B/O or soulbonds or time travel or coffeeshop AUs. […]

2014, Lucie Cupalová, "Slash Factor: Characteristics and Varieties of Slash Fan Fiction", thesis submitted to Charles University, page 59

This is amplified by the common use in a/b/o of the soulmate and soulbond tropes, where two characters are written as destined for each other on a biological level, resulting in near-irresistible mutual attraction and a special connection.

2017, Marianne Gunderson, "What is an omega? Rewriting sex and gender in omegaverse fanfiction", thesis submitted to the University of Oslo, page 97

And that's not even getting into some of slash's more science-fictional tropes: soulbonds and telepathy, interspecies relationships; male pregnancy.

2018, Francesca Coppa, “Slash/Drag: Appropriation and Visibility in the Age of Hamilton”, in Paul Booth, editor, A Companion to Media Fandom and Fan Studies, page 191:

(fandom slang) A deep, lasting emotional or spiritual connection between two characters, typically of a psychic or magical nature.


pan-Shiism

An ideology that promotes unity and solidarity between the various Shia madhabs


Shi'ify

en-verb

Shi'ify (third-person singular simple present Shi'ifies, present participle Shi'ifying, simple past and past participle Shi'ified)

Shi'ifies (present singular third-person)
Shi'ifying (participle present)
Shi'ified (participle past)
Shi'ified (past)

(transitive) To make Shiite, or to increase the Shia character of.


Sahih Muslim

(Islam) The second most important hadith collection among Sunnis.


buybull

From buy and bull (“bullshit”), and the similarity in sound to Bible.

(derogatory, slang, religious slur) A Bible.


mujtahid

From Arabic مُجْتَهِد (mujtahid, literally “diligent”).

bor

(Islam) A lawyer entitled to exercise ijtihad.


Fames

(Roman mythology) A goddess who is a personification of famine and hunger. She is the Roman counterpart of Limos.


orangie

From orange + -ie, referring to the Orange Order.

(Ireland, offensive, slang) A pro-British Ulster Protestant.


pansentience

If language and meaning, as some of these biologists suggest, are properties of all living beings and not only of humans—that is, if the world is one of pansentience—can activists and others learn to become “readers of the book of life” and avail themselves of this reading to illuminate their reveries and strategies?

2008, Arturo Escobar, Territories of Difference: Place, Movements, Life, Redes, page 298:

Some (e.g. Goodwin, 2007) go further to suggest that language and meaning are properties of all living beings and not only of human beings – in other words, that the world is one of pansentience.

2010, M. R. Redclift, Graham Woodgate, The International Handbook of Environmental Sociology, page 101:

To sum up, the universe is the thoughtform of the collective mindstream of all sentient beings (and there is nothing which is non-sentient; pansentience).

2011, Madhusudan Sakya, Current Perspectives in Buddhism, page 158:

The concept of all things having sentience.


Judeocide

en-noun

Judeocide (countable and uncountable, plural Judeocides)

From Judeo- + -cide, by analogy with genocide.


Zurvanism

Of Persian origin, Zurvan + -ism, from Middle Persian [script needed] (Zurvān), from Avestan 𐬰𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬁𐬥 (zruuān, “time”).

(Zoroastrianism, historical) A now-extinct branch of Zoroastrianism that had the divinity Zurvan as its primordial creator deity.


Cainite

(Judaism, Christianity) A descendant of Cain.

(Gnosticism) An adherent of Cainism, a member of a Gnostic sect that honored Cain and Judas.


Santiago de Compostela

A city in Galicia, Spain, a major Christian pilgrimage site.


Islamocratic

en-adj

Islamocratic (comparative more Islamocratic, superlative most Islamocratic)

more Islamocratic (comparative)
most Islamocratic (superlative)

Of or pertaining to Islamocracy; pertaining to Islamist democracy.


Islamocracy

en-noun

Islamocracy (countable and uncountable, plural Islamocracies)

Blend of Islam + democracy. Coined by Amitai Etzioni.

A system of government that fuses Islam and democracy.


Islamocrat

2007 BoBoBonoBo, Re: So, who's going to go see The Police reunion tour this summer? Group: alt.punk
If Islamic terrorists blew up a Police concert, let's see? Band dead? Good. Fans dead? Good. Islamocrats dead? Good. I guess I'd feel sorry for the people working concessions and security.

2010 tra, Re: OT: US atrocities Group: alt.home.repair
I'm saying things *were* much better in Iran *before* the Shah, which was of course *way* before the Islamocrats in power now.

2006 Always Question, Re: Taliban Ask NATO to Leave Afghanistan; Rule Out Talks with Puppets Group: alt.religion.islam
It's the resistance of a group of violent male Islamocrats and warlords who want complete authority over every person in the nation.


Shemini Atzeret

From Hebrew שְׁמִינִי עֲצֶרֶת (šəmînî ‘ăṣéreṯ, literally “the eight of assembly”).

uder

שְׁמִינִי עֲצֶרֶת

šəmînî ‘ăṣéreṯ

(Judaism) A Jewish holiday (holy day) occurring on the eighth day after the start of Sukkot.


Wiccaphobia

. The incidence of Wiccaphobia and Phasomophobia ...

2014, Patricia Smith, Introducing Overcoming Phobias: A Practical Guide:

I've treated her for her Schizophrenia and Bipolar disorders as well as Wiccaphobia and Arrhenphobia

1998 wsa, Re: Left-Wing Evangelicals? Chuck's Response Group: soc.religion.quaker
Wiccaphobia and homophobia are troubling, but not as dangerous as planning to take over the Republican Party I think it would be hard to find any large number of Evangelical Friends particularly interested in taking over the Republican Pary.

2001 christopher hortin, Re: Muggles - 1, Wizards - 0 Group: alt.fan.harry-potter
At the root of it is Wiccaphobia -- I think many extremists (not all of them Christians) fear the Wicca/Neopagan movement, and I fear they've made Harry their scapegoat.


separationist

(theology) One who believes that the human Jesus Christ was a separate being from the divine Christ.


antimuslim

en-adj

antimuslim (comparative more antimuslim, superlative most antimuslim)

more antimuslim (comparative)
most antimuslim (superlative)

Many government officials regarded it as a seditious movement, which according to them was not only antimuslim but also antigovernment.

1979, S. A. A. Tirmizi, “The Cow Protection Movement and Mass Mobilization in Northern India, 1882–93”, in Proceedings of the Indian History Congress, volume 40, →ISSN, →JSTOR, page 575:

Racism and antimuslim sentiment appear to make Iram support Islam defensively and aggressively and raise the question, How much would she need to fight for Islam if Canada had not been such an antimuslim society?

1998, Shahnaz Khan, “Muslim Women: Negotiations in the Third Space”, in Signs, volume 23, number 2, →DOI, →ISSN, →JSTOR:

Christian Thulesen Dahl, co-founder of the far-right party "Danish Peoples Party" - which has a following of 13-15% of the danish population - today declares that the party is now officially "antimuslim."

2008 May 17, Mich, “‘Danish Peoples Party’ Publicly Declares Themselves ‘Antimuslim’”, in alt.religion.islam (Usenet), retrieved 2022-11-29:

The terms ‘witness’ and ‘witnessing’, ‘opener’ and ‘opening’ are of key significance for understanding and reasoning for Muslim sacred tradition. Distorted, narrowed and reductive forms of these terms have been taken by antimuslim ideologists as material within their own constructions.

2011, Rusmir Mahmutćehajić, “Witness and Testimonies: A Diachronic Perspective on the History of the Bosnian Muslims”, in International Dialogue, volume 1, →DOI, →ISSN, page 3:

Admittedly, I discussed race more than typical History of Christianity survey courses, but my discussion of race referred to early-modern heresies, antisemitism, and antimuslim campaigns not modern blackness.

2017, David Evans, Tobin Miller Shearer, “A Principled Pedagogy for Religious Educators”, in Religious Education, volume 112, number 1, →DOI, →ISSN, page 7:

(uncommon) Alternative form of anti-Muslim.


Muslimophilic

Muslimophilic (comparative more Muslimophilic, superlative most Muslimophilic)

more Muslimophilic (comparative)
most Muslimophilic (superlative)

Thus, neighbourhoods such as the Albayzín in Granada are becoming highly heterogeneous meeting points for Maghrebien migrant communities, Spanish and European Muslim converts and Muslimophilic Spaniards and foreigners claiming ...

2000 Jochen Blaschke, Multi-level discrimination of Muslim women in Europe p 421


Alevism

The doctrines of the Alevi Muslim denomination.


mosqueing

No Islamist entity has seized upon the message sent by The Bow more than the Muslim Brotherhood—the first modern Islamic terrorist group and the Saudis' steadfast ally in the mosqueing of America.

2011, Erick Stakelbeck, The Terrorist Next Door:

(derogatory) The introduction of Islam to a place.


fetial

From Latin fētiālis (“priest who sanctioned treaties and demanded satisfaction from enemies before formal declarations of war”).
The root of the Latin word is thought to be Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- (“to do, place, put”), also the source of the verb Latin faciō (“to do; to build, construct; to appoint”). The nominalized form of this verb, Proto-Indo-European *dʰéh₁tis (“act of putting, placement”), would have developed into an Italic noun *fētis (unattested, but conjectured to mean something like "statute, treaty" or "prescription, law", developing to mean "body of priests"), which was combined with the adjective-forming suffix -ālis to yield Latin fētiālis.
The unadapted Latin forms fetialis (singular) and fetiales (plural) are also used in English, sometimes with italicization, sometimes without.

der

Nicomachus, as explained in the next line, was already known to the Elean priests or fetials, or whatever we are to call them, as a guest-friend.

1892, Pindar, “Isthmian II. Ode in Honour of a Victory in the Chariot-race at Isthmus Won by Xenocrates of Acragas”, in J[ohn] B[agnell] Bury, editor, ΠΙΝΔΑΡΟΥ ΕΠΙΝΙΚΟΙ ΙΣΘΜΙΟΝΙΚΑΙΣ [PINDAROU EPINIKOI ISTHMIONIKAIS] = The Isthmian Odes of Pindar: Edited with Introduction and Commentary, London, New York, N.Y.: Macmillan and Co., →OCLC, footnote 23, page 45, column 1:

It was customary for the fetial to carry to the bounds of the other nation a cornetwood spear, iron-pointed or hardened in the fire, and in the presence of not less than three grown men to say, "Whereas the tribes of the Ancient Latins and men of the Ancient Latins have been guilty of acts and offences against the Roman People of the Quirites; […] I therefore and the Roman People declare and make war on the tribes of the Ancient Latins and the men of the Ancient Latins." Having said this, he would hurl his spear into their territory.

1919, Livy, “Ab Urbe Condita: Liber I [From the Founding of the City: Book I]”, in B. O. Foster, transl., Livy in Fourteen Volumes … With an English Translation (Loeb Classical Library), volumes I (Books I and II), Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann Ltd., published 1967, →OCLC, paragraph XXXII, page 119:

After an insult had been offered Rome, or a wrong inflicted on it, several of the twenty sacred heralds, members of the College of Fecials, proceeded to demand reparation. […] [I]f war were decided, a second deputation of fecials was nominated upon whom was placed the symbolic duty of discharging a javelin into the enemy camp. This part of the procedure had obvious difficultes, and, after resorting to the fiction of performing it at an enemy camp in Rome, the fecials finally adopted an appropriate ceremony at the temple of Bellona. The fecials also had religious functions at the conclusion of a peace. It was the oath taken by the chief fecial which sanctified a treaty entered into with, or by, the Roman people.

1928, Geoffrey Butler, Simon Maccoby, “Intercourse: In Peace”, in The Development of International Law (Contributions to International Law and Diplomacy), London, New York, N.Y.: Longmans, Green and Co. Ltd.; reprinted Clark, N.J.: The Lawbook Exchange, Ltd., 2003 (2007 printing), →ISBN, page 74:

[P]erhaps the shadowy fetials were never actually an independent priesthood but were senatorial priests assigned diplomatic functions. If fetials were originally senators, this would explain the parallel fetial and senatorial function in "international relations" and account for the continuity between fetials and later senatorial legates. Of the twenty patrician fetials, only four were customarily chosen to serve in an embassy.

2005, Richard E. Mitchell, “The Definition of Patres and Plebs: An End to the Struggle of the Orders”, in Kurt A[rnold] Raaflaub, editor, Social Struggles in Archaic Rome: New Perspectives on the Conflict of the Orders, 2nd expanded and updated edition, Malden, Mass., London: Blackwell Publishing, →ISBN, pages 142–143:

According to authors of the late Republic, the fetials supervised Roman adherence to the iura belli, the laws of war. How, then, should we interpret the silence with respect to the fetials of Polybius, the central concern of whose history was Roman imperialism, but who mentions the fetials not even once?

2008, Clifford Ando, “Religion and Imperialism at Rome”, in The Matter of the Gods: Religion and the Roman Empire (The Transformation of the Classical Heritage), Berkeley, Los Angeles, Calif, London: University of California Press, part II (Gods of the Far-flung Empire), page 128:

Fetiales also investigated allies' claims of abuse by Romans; if substantiated, the fetiales delivered the men accused to the injured parties.

2016, Amanda J. Coles, “Ius Fetiale”, in Sara E[lise] Phang, Iain Spence, Douglas Kelly, Peter Londey, editors, Conflict in Ancient Greece and Rome: The Definitive Political, Social, and Military Encyclopedia, volumes 3 (H–Z, Roman Section), Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO, →ISBN, page 973, column 2:

(Ancient Rome, politics, religion, historical) A member of the Roman college of priests who acted as representatives in disputes with foreign nations.


tayammum

Borrowed from Arabic تَيَمُّم (tayammum).

(Islam) The wiping of one's face and hands against dust, sand or a clean physical object in place of wudhu for the bereft or bedridden.


mashallah

From Arabic مَا شَاءَ ٱللّٰه (mā šāʔa llāh).

bor

مَا شَاءَ ٱللّٰه

Arabic مَا شَاءَ ٱللّٰه (mā šāʔa llāh)

what hath God wrought

similar literal meaning and historically in usage

Mashallah, I hear Akhmad say. Mashallah. I ask him what it means. “Mashallah, it's to be thankful. Something wonderful.” It means, literally, “God wills it.” And yet it seems, there's a kind of joy inside the word, too. Some large, cosmic gratitude.

2019, Maggie Paxson, The Plateau, Penguin, →ISBN, page 308:

divine intervention
divine intervention#English

(Islam) Expressing the speaker's gratitude for a blessing or their recognition of divine intervention in its occurrence. God willed it.

Coordinate term: knock on wood

'Mashallah, fine set of boys you've got here, sir,' he smiled, shaking us all by the hand, and giving Jamal a mock punch on the shoulder. 'Y'all new to the masjid?' ' Yes, we are,' Dad answered him. 'It's our first time here as a family.'

2014, Na'ima B. Robert, She Wore Red Trainers: A Muslim Love Story, Kube Publishing Ltd, →ISBN:

(Islam) Expressing the speaker's wish for a fortune to be maintained, especially against the evil eye; used in congratulation.